APTD-1559'
TECHNICAL SERVICES
BASIC ORDERING AGREEMENT NO. 68-02-0043
TASK ORDER NUMBER 13
NEW YORK, WISCONSIN AND VIRGINIA^OJNT
SOURCE EMISSION INVENTORY
FINAL REPORT
PREPARED FOR THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
DURHAM, NORTH CAROLINA 27711
by
FEDERAL SYSTEMS DIVISION
INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION
18100 FREDERICK PIKE
GAITHERSBURG, MARYLAND
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SECTION I
Purpose and Scope
The objectives of this task order were to develop point source emission
inventories for the States of Virginia, Wisconsin and New York. These
inventories to be prepared in accordance with Section 4 of “Guide for
Compiling a Comprehensive EmissionS Inventory,” published by the Environmental
Protection Agency and dated June, 1972. The reaults of this task to be
provided to EPA in the National Emission Data System (NEDS) format. The
scope of this task order was to review, correct and complete partially
completed NEDS data forms for each state as provided to the contractor by
EPA. When necessary and approved by the appropriate government agency
contacts were made with the state and local government agencies and with
representatives of the emitting sources to obtain the available data required
for completion of the WEDS data forms.
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Assumptions
The following assumptions or ground rules were used in conjunction with
Chapters 4 and S of the NEOS Manual in the preparation of the New York, Virginia
and Wisconsin NEDS forms:
1. Boiler Data
Boilers shall be coded one per NEDS form unless in the judgement
of the analyst excessive data would result by not combining
several small boilers. When boilers are combined:
(a) The boiler capacity indicated shall be the total capacity
for all boilers combined.
(b) Fuel amounts are to be added to provide one total for
each fuel type.
Cc) When multiple stacks are used, the stack data will be
averaged and entered as such.
Boilers combining unusual liquid waste with fuel oil will have
the liquid waste identified using the new sCc code provided
by EPA.
2. Process Fuels
Process fuel use not specifically identifiable to a specific
process will be coded on a NEDS form using a ‘C’ indicating
the source, a general process IPP code, a zero (0) in the
boiler capacity and the appropriate generalized combustion
SCC code.
Process fuel known, to be associated with a particular process
but separately vented is tob e coded on a separate NEDS form
with appropriate IPP process-and 5CC codes used. When it is
indicated that part of the j ocess heat is used for space heating
and the emissionê are small gompared to the process emissions, t n t.
need to separata space heating can be ignored.
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When fuel use is not identif led as being for a boiler or
used in a process, the following technique is to be used.
(a) If the industry is not known to use a significant heating
in its process, the fuel used will be considered as
consumed in boilers.
(b) If the industry is one which uses significant heating
in its process, such as the refining, cement and asphalt
industries, the fuel used will be considered as used in
combustion sources.
3. Process Combustion Emissions
For those pollutants identified as being emitted from the
associated process, an emission factor of zero (0) will be
assumed for the fuel combustion emissions.
For those pollutants not emitted by the associated process,
emission factors will be applied using the factors provided
for the most similar boiler. The results of these calculations
will be entered in the emission estimate fields of Card 4.
Appropriate corrections for control devices will be made,
if applicable.
4. The dryer used in asphalt batching will be assumed to be a
rotary dryer, unless specified otherwise, and the appropriate
SCC code will be used. The SCC code for ‘other sources’ will
be appended and an additional emission factor of 10 pounds per
ton of particulates uncontrolled will be used.
5. Petroleum Ref ineries
EPA will provide an SCC code thr the Internal Combustion tuglne/
Compressor used iupetroleum refineries.
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Generalized leakage emissions from petroleum refineries shall
be assumed to be emitted at a plume height of zero (0). The
height of emissions from storage tanks will be left blank
unless the average height of the tanks is known.
6. Zero Emission Sources (non—Federal)
Any source within a facility meeting the WEDS criteria, which
emits to the atmosphere basically zero tons per year of each
of the pollutants may be excluded from the inventory. This
includes sources which achieve low emissions through the use
of pollution control devices.
7. Federal Facilities
WEDS forms will be prepared for all federal facilities included
on the listings provided by EPA.
The following assumptions for the Scope of Work of this Task Order
Number 13 were also made:
Assumptions: N.Y. Comb. N.Y. Proc. Virginia Wisconsin
• Number of Facilities 300 200 150 200
Number of forms 900 1000 600 400
Estimated Percent 50 0 60 40
Complete
Phone Recontacts 150 80 100
Facility Visits 30 16 20
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SECTION II
Approach
General
To reach the objectives as stated in the previous section, the following
steps were planned for application to the three states:
o Plan and arrange for initial meetings with each of the state air
pollution control agencies and EPA representation to:
a) Explain the purpose of the task order and the relationship
among EPA, the contractor and the state.
b) Discuss the NEDS system, its purpose and potential use.
c) Determine the size of the job, the extent of data
availability, the form and locations of the available data.
d) Identify the content of the available data in relation to
NEDS requirements and identify, when possible, methods for
obtaining data not presently available In the state.
e) Set up a working relationship with the state; Identify
points of contact; develop a tentative project schedule;
determine the location of the work (at the state or in
Gaithersburg) and arrange for exchange of data.
o Acquire and correlate materials as available from EPA for each of
the three states as follows:
a) U.S. Geological Survey Maps
b) NEDS forms as partially completed by EPA
c) Federal Power Comtiilssion Form #67’s
d) Federal Facilities- Data print oits
e) Blank NEDS Point Source Input forms.
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SECTION Ifl
Accomplishments/Results
Meetings
Kick off meetings were held with each of the states on the following
dates:
Virginia — November 10, 1972:
New York State — November 20, 1972
Wisconsin — November 27, 1972
New York City — December 14, 1972
Meeting Summaries
o Virginia — The meeting was held in Richmond at the office of the
Air Pollution Control Section of the Virginia Department of Natural
Resourcesr In attendance were:
Mr$1. Kaplan, Mr. J. Gleason — IBM
Mr. Charles 0. Mann - EPA
Mr. William Erskin - Va. APC
It was determined at this meeting that the major part of this effort
would have to be performed in the Va. APC office since the data
was available only in the agency t s files and could not be re-
moved or forwarded to BM Gaithersburg. Arrangements were there-
fore made to perform this work at Richmond beginning November 29, 1972.
o New York— The meeting -was held in Albany at the office of the
N.Y. APC office. In attendance ire:
Mr. I. Kaplan -IBM
Mr. Dan Barolo and Mr. Gordon Howe — N.Y. APC
It was determined at-this meeting that:
a) The data in N;w York State has been decentralized and presently
is located at the nine New York State regional offices.
there were specific items of information which are not
available in Albany and therefore would require work on site in
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each,New Yoz k State region. One specific item critical to
NEDS is the process identification data. This data is
required to specify the SCC code and IPP process code
required by NEDS.
b) There were apparently many more sources which meet NEDS
criteria in New York State than were identified by the
partially complete I NEDS forms. In addition, the combustion
and incineration d4ta is maintained separate from the process
data for each source and must be combined to determine
whether a source meets NEDS criteria. Although the
process data, is available from a computer data base, the
combustion data has not been computerized. There are
presently 15,000 industrial sources in the file with
approximately 20,000 incinerators and boilers not in the
file. Data was requested from the State in an attempt
to determine the number of the sources which meet NEDS
requirements but were not identified by the partially
çpmpleted NEDS forms.
o New York City — The meeting was held at the offices of the
New York City Air Pollution Control Department in New York City.
In attendance were:
Mr. J. J. Gleason - IBM
Mr. A. Salpeter — EPA, Region II
Dr. E. Ferrand — New York City
Mr. H. J. Prass - New York City
It was determined that Mr. Prass was responsible for the New
York City emission iliventory and would be the point of contact
for future efforts. - The following summarizes the key points of
the meeting:
a) Source data ..was available in questionnaire form at the oti. °s
of the New -‘lork City Air: Pollution Control Department
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b) Therç are thTee types of questionnaires used by the City,
one each for boilers, processes and incinerators.
c) There are approximately 30 large facilities (emitting
over 100 tons per year) in New York City.
d) There are approximately 700 facilities meeting the
definition of Appepdix C to the 14 August 1971 Federal
register. 0f’.thes there are approximately 100 small
foundries and 600 small wood processing plants.
e) Arrangements for performance of the emission inventory
analysis was deferred pending the results of the Virginia
and Wisconsin effort.
o Wisconsin — The meeting was held at the offices of the Air
Pollution Control Section, Wisconsin Department of Natural
Resources in Madison. In attendance were:
Mr. J. Myers - IBM
74r. R. Dieterle, Mr. R. Nixdorf — EPA (Region V)
Mr. D. Evans (Chief of Section) — Wisconsin APC
Mr. W. Rock, Mr. D. Packard — Wisconsin APC
It was determined at this meeting that Mr. Rock was the leader
of the Wisconsin Emission Inventory effort. Mr. Rock with a programmer
(not identified) had developed and implemented their emission
inventory system. He made available samples of their latest
inventory run. The discussion at the meeting centered around
the capabilities of this inventory listing to satisfy the require-
ments of NEDS.
Points discussed and conclusions reached were as follows:
(1) The most obvious lack of data was UTh locations
coordinates -
(2) 5CC numbers were not included. However, SIC codes were
entered and processes and/or burner types were described
in enough detail to make selection of SCC codes.
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(3) Combustion emissions were calculated using factors from
the EMFAC Handbook. Process emissions were derived
using either EMFAC Handbook factors or factors derived
by the APC section engineers; however, process factors
were shown on the printout.
(4) Control equipment efficiency was usually given as determined
by (a) manufacturer’s design, (b) source estimate, and
(c) as estimated by DNR (APC) engineers.
(5) Emissions of all five pollutants were totalled individually
for all point.sources in each facility/plant.
(6) Data in the Inventory is nearly all 1971 data; however,
• year of data is stated for each facility.
(7) Mr. Rock would be correcting input and system function
errors that were detected in the present run and would
rerun the inventory listing again and forward a copy to us
immediately thereafter.
(8) The system did not yet have a capability to select and
list only those facilities emitting over 100 tons of any one
pollutant; therefore, IBM would have to manually select these
from the listing. The sum ary totals for each facility should
considerably facilitate this task.
(9) It will be necessary to correlate and collate the NEDS
forms prepared by Chuck Mann with the facilities and sources
shown on the listing, after which we can proceed with
correcting nd adding to the NEDS forms.
(10) Although Wisconsin uses a different numbering system for
their regions, the regions conform with the EPA established
AQCR’s; thus, -only a cross reference table using the SAROAD
table as a basis muèt be developed to make tile translation.
(11) The Wisconsin facility q iestionaire is a five part form
(6 sheets). Blank copies of these sheets were provided.
The facility completed questionnaIres are all retained
at the headquarters Mad±son) office.
(12) Mr. Rock estimated about -2000 pages in the complete com-
puter listed Inventory. He also stated that all data
contained on the questionnaires had been abstracted and input
to the Wisconsin computer emission inventory file.
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Completed Data Statistics
NEDS Point Source Input forms were completed and the original
and one copy of each were forwarded to NADB (EPA—Durham) as follows:
o Virginia — 859 forms on January 22, 1973
o Wisconsin— 887 forms on March 15, 1973
The above totals include forms derived from data available from
FPC 67 forms and from Federal Facilities listings as furnished by
EPA.
o In addition 79 NEDS forms were completed for power plants in
New York from FPC 67 forms. These forms were not sent to NADB,
but rather are being held pending completion of the New York point
source data: (See paragraph “Discussion of Scope” which follows,
for further explanation.)
NEDS Data Processing — by State
o Virginia — The point source data for facilities in this state was
derived from registration forms on file at Richmond, Federal
Power Commission lbrm 67’s and the EPA provided listings of
Federal ci1ities. This effort was performed on site in a two—
week period from November 29 through December 8, 1972.
UTH coordinates were available on approximately 90 percent of the
facilities. The remainder was plotted using U.S. Geological Survey
maps furnishedbykPA and local maps from the Virginia APC. This
plotting of faci1iti s locations along with derivation of power
plant, and Federal }hcility data was performed at Gaithersburg.
Completion of the Viiginia task included review, checking and
reproducing two copies of all NEDS Point Source forms.
Completion of Feder l- Facilities data was delayed until the
Federal Facilities :Locatjou code booklet was received. The
SAROAD and AQCR codes for these facilities could not be derived
except by use of this booklet.
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The partially completed NEDS forms furnished by EPA at the
start of this task were found to be practically of no value
in reducing the total task effort for Virginia. This was as
a result of the Virginia APC having updated its inventory
with 1971 data whereas the EPA furnished forms had been
derived from 1970 (or earlier) data.
o Wisconsin — Except for Federal Facilities and power plants (taken
from FPC 67’s), the point ,source data for facilities was derived
from the listings out put from the Wisconsin APC Emission
Inventory System. The first set of listings was received at
Gaithersburg December 18, 1972. Missing from this set was
the data on facilities in AQCR 239(Milwaukee and Racine). The
listings were analyzed, over 100—ton facilities defined, and NEDS forms
were derived for all identified points in the selected facilities.
Since neither UTM coordinates nor latitude—longitude values were
available in the listings sheet, maps of major cities in
Wisconsin were requested and later received f,rom the state APC.
Using these maps and the U.S. Geologic Survey maps provided
by EPA UTM coordinates were determined for all but five of the
industrial sources In Wisconsin. These five sources were identif led
•to the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources for assistance.
In some cases, the Geologic Survey maps did not contain UTM tick
marks. In these cases, the latitude and longitude of the source
location were determined and converted to UTM coordinates using
an available conversion program.
UTM coordinates were also determined for the larger Federal Facilities.
The Wisconsin data or AQCR 239 arrived in early February along
with revised printouts for th other AQCR’s. The data for
AQCR 239 was analjzed and NEDSdata forms completed. The update .
printouts for the other AQCR’s were compared against the developed
NEDS data forms. j here differe ces were observed, the NEDS forms
were changed to agree with the most recent data. The number of
changes required proved significant. The added effort was estimated
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to be equivalent to processing an extra 25—357. NEDS forms.
As was found in Virginia, the partially completed NEDS forms
furnished by EPA, were of no benefit to this task effort since
Wisconsin’s emission inventory had been updated with 1971/1972
data.
o New York — The initial and succeeding visits to Albany and New
York City and a number of telephone conversations/discussions
produced the following facts which radically altered the original
estimate of the N.Y. task size and required effort;
a) The data in New York State had been decentralized and
is located at the nine New York State regional offices.
There were specific items of information which were not
available in Albany and therefore would require work on
site in each New York State region. One specific item
critical to NEDS is the process identification data. This
data would have to be collected on site.
b) There were apparently many more sources which meet NEDS
criteria than were identified by the partially completed
NEDS forms.
c) The combustion and incineration data was maintained separate
from the pr cess data for each source and would need to be
combined to d termine whether a source meets NEDS criteria.
d) Process data was available from a computer data base;
however, the combustion data had not been computerized.
There are presently 15,000 industrial sources in the file
with approximately 20,000 incinerators and boilers r ot in
the file. 1 ata was requ sted from the State in an attempt
to determine the number of the sources which meet NEDS
requirement but were not 4 identified by the partially
completed NEDS forms from EPA.
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FPC 67 forms were analyzed and data to complete 79 NEDS Point
Source Inpu forms was derived before termination of effort
on the New York State task occurred.
Discussion of Work Scope
Upon receipt of the data from New York State to be used in identifying
100—ton sources and re—estimate the size of this part of Task 13, the following
factors became apparent:
(a) There are approximately 275 process sources in N.Y. State emitting
over 100 tons and another 1.00 sources emitting between 50 and 100
tons.
(b) Although N. 1. State—furnished data was not adequate to determine
the number of combustion sources over 100 tons, EPA—furnished
data indicated that the combination of combustion sources with the
process sources identified in (a) above would ,result in a probable
sum of 3000 NEDS Point Source forms to adequately inventory N. Y.
State over 100—ton sources.
(c) The N. Y. inventory data is contained in files located at 9
regional offices, thereby requiring on site effort at each office.
The above information was relayed to EPA Durham accompanied by details
of effort already expended or i equired to complete the Virginia and Wisconsin
inventories and the Federal Facilities inventories as well. EPA, by memo
from Mr. C 0. Mann dated January 9, 1973, directed completion of the Virginia,
Wisconsin and Federal Facilities inventories with whatever remaining effort being
applied to the New York inventory-work.
Summary
NEDS Point Source Input forms were completed for all emission points
identified as meeting the EPA criteria for in lusion in the states of Virginia
and Wisconsin.
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