VISIBLE EMISSIONS SUMMARY REPORT FOR
J&L STEEL CORPORATION, PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA
On March 10, 1982, a representative of PEDCo Environmental
performed visible emission (VE) tests on the Electric Arc Furnace
(EAF) melt shop and the dust handling and transfer system used to
remove dust from the fabric filter controlling EAF emissions.
The melt shop was evaluated during all phases of EAF opera-
tion. The roof monitor at this facility is completely closed
off. Figures 1 and 2 present diagrams of the melt shop showing
views for morning and afternoon observations. Charging emissions
from the two EAF's are captured by overhead canopy hoods built
into the roof of the EAF shop. The majority of the melting and
refining emissions are captured by a direct-shell evacuation
control (DEC) system. Emissions generated during the tap are
captured by a local tapping hood that is situated above the
tapping platform. Slagging emissions are captured by a separate
slagging hood. All captured emissions are ducted to one pres-
surized fabric filter.
Two representatives from Midwest Research Institute (MRI)
recorded process data and melt shop activity. One represenative
monitored the electric arc furnaces from the control rooms, while
the other representative was stationed in the teeming aisle
-------
-------
ROOF MONITOR (MINOR SOURCE OF EMISSIONS)
BUILDING
LOUVERS
(MAJOR SOURCE
OF EMISSIONS)
Figure 1. Melt shop - J&L Steel, Pittsburcih, Pennsylvania
(view for niorning observations).
SHOP
r I I i [ I I 1 TOf\
DOOR
OPEN SHOP
TO DISTRIBUTIO14 BOX
AND BAGHOUSE
-------
DOWMRIVER FURNACE 91
UPRIVER FURNACE 92
B - CENTER OF MELT SHOP (IIAJOR SOURCE OF EMISSIONS)
fvielt shop - J&L Steel, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
(view for afternoon observations).
t J
- ROOF MONITOR (MINOR SOURCE OF EMISSIONS)
Figure 2.
-------
section of the shop. It was not possible for the visible emis-
sion observer outside the shop to completely distinguish between
EAF and teeming emissions.
Fifty—three 6-minute sets of visible emission readings were
recorded from the melt shop. Table 1, prepared by MRI, presents
a summary of visible emissions and process operations. The
highest set averaged 17.3 percent opacity. Figures 1 and 2
illustrate the views the observer had of the melt shop. Due to
the position of the sun with respect to the melt shop, the ob-
server was positioned on the north side of the shop in the morn-
ing and on the south side of the shop during afternoon observa-
tions. Emissions observed during the morning were primarily
escaping from louvers in the side of the melt shop building.
Light emissions were observed, during one time period, escaping
from the juncture between the roof and the side of the roof
monitor.
Emissions observed during the afternoon were primarily
coming from the center of the shop building adjacent to the DEC
ducts. The observer, from his observation point during the
afternoon, could not see where these emissions were escaping the
building. Light emissions were observed several times during the
afternoon escaping from the Juncture between the roof and the
side of the roof monitor.
Visible emission tests conducted on the melt shop were in
accordance with EPA Method 9 procedures by a certified observer.
Copies of the field data sheets and observer’s certification are
included in the appendix.
4
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TP2LE 1. SUI4M.4RY OF VISIBLE EMISSIONS AND
PROCESS OPERATI0 5 (PREPARED BY liRI)
VISIBLE EMISSIONS OBSERVATIONS
J&L STEEL CORPORATION, PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA
MARCH 10. 1982
Visible ..issions
TI.. of day 6-minute average Teeming aisle and EAF process information
0316092 1 0 Oxygen blow #91
09220927 0 Oxygen blow #92
0950-0955 0.8 Tapping #91 (0950-0954), t...ing aisle iss lons
09561001 0 Furnace #92 in melting mode
1002—1007 0 Tossing upriver (1005—1040)
1008—1013 12.3 Tap #92 (1006-1010), teemIng upriver
1014—1019 16.5 Teeming downriver (1015—1057), t.e.ing upriver
1021—1026 11.7 Teeming upriver and dcwnr lv•r , charge #91 (1022—1025)
1027—1032 17.3 TeemIng upriver and downriv.r, charge #92 (1031—1036)
1034- 1039 3.3 T.e.lng upriver and downrlvir
1040-1045 2.3 Teeming downriv.r, ladle lancing upriver
1046-1051 0.2 T.ssing downrlver, e1.ening .elds and cars (1042- 1130)
1052-1057 0 Furnac.s In melting mode
1058-1103 0 Furnac.s in melting mode
1104-1109 0 Furnac.g in melting mode
1110-1115 0 I.ckcharg. #91
1116-1121 0 Furnaces in melting mode
1325-1330 15 Oxygen blow #91
1331-1336 16.3 Oxygen blow #91
1337-13.42 0.6 Furnaces in melting mode
1343-1346 0 Furnaces In melting mode, slag P92
1349-1354 0 Furnaces In melting mode
1355-1400 0 Tap #91 (1354-1359), slag #92
1401-1406 0 Furnace #92 In melting mode
1407-1412 0 Teeming upriver (1407—1448)
1413-1418 0 T.emlng upriv.r
1419-1424 1.5 Tip #92, tseslng upriver
1425—1430 3.3 Charge #91 (1428-1433), teemIng upriver
1431-1436 0 Teeming downrlver (1435—1508), teeming upriver
1437-1442 0 Teeming upriver and downriver, meltIng #91
1443-1448 2.1 Teeming upriver and downrlvsr
1449-1454 1.7 T...ing downriver, add electrode #91
1455-1500 2.3 Charge #92, teeming downrlver
1501-1506 0 Teeming d w1ver
1507-1512 0 Furnaces in melting mode
1513-1518 0 Furnaces in melting mode
1519-1524 0 Furnaces In melting mode
1525-1530 0 Furnaces In melting mode
1531-1536 0 Furnaces in melting mod.
1537-1542 0 Furnaces in melting mode
1543-1548 4.8 Backcherge #91 (1544-1550)
1549- 1554 0 Furnaces in melting mod.
1555—1600 0 Furnaces In melting mode
1601-1606 0 Furnaces in melting mod.
1607-1612 0 Furnac.s In melting mod.
1613-1618 0 Backcharge #92
1619—1624 5.2 Backcharge #92
1625-1630 16.5 Backcharg. #92
1631-1636 11.9 B .ackch.srge #92, broke off electrode in #92
1640-1645 0 Crane removed electrode from #92
1646-1651 0 Furnaces in melting mode
1652-1657 0 S1.gging #91
1658-1703 0 Furnaces in melting mod.
5
-------
Dust from the fabric filter hoppers is moved by screw con-
veyors to the pneumatic system which transfers the dust into a
storage bin. A small fabric filter located on top of the storage
bin controls emissions generated by the pneumatic transfer sys-
tem. Dust from the storage bin is wetted in a pug mill prior to
being loaded onto a dumptruck which takes the dust to a landfill.
Figure 3 presents a diagram of the dust handling system. The
bulk loading spout used to transfer dust from the pug mill to the
truck is fixed in position and located approximately 0.6 to 0.9
meters (2 to 3 feet) above the top of the truck body.
A visual inspection was made of the baghouse dust hoppers
and the ductwork associated with the pneumatic system while dust
was being transferred from the baghouse to the storage silo. No
fugitive emissions were visually detected in this system. Two
6—minute VE sets were recorded at the outlet of the small fabric
filter controlling emissions from the pneumatic transfer system.
All readings were 0 percent opacity.
Visible emissions were recorded during the transfer of dust
from the storage silo to the truck. This operation generates
emissions that are fugitive in nature since they are not confined
in a duct or stack. To further complicate VE observations at
this source, dust rIsing out of the truck bed surrounded the
stream of dust from the loading spout. In view of the nature of
this source, the following procedure was used to read visible
emissions: the area of fugitive emissions was observed, and the
opacity was read at the densest point which was at least one
6
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PNEUMATIC
TRANSFER
SYSTEM
STORAGE BIN
DUST
COLL ECTOR
in
DUST
STORAGE
BIN
PUG MILL
STORAGE
BIN DUST
COLLECTOR
EXHAUST
7
Dust handling system at J&L Steel Corporation,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
FABRIC
FILTER
vyy
p
- 1
OBSERVAT ION
POSITION DURING
SECOND DUMP
X
DUST HOPPERS
-a
DUMP
TRUC 0
C
OBSER VAT ION
POSITION DURING
FIRST DUMP
Figure 3.
-------
diameter of the bulk loading spout away from the stream of f low-
ing dust. This procedure for reading opacity was selected to
prevent biasing the readings high due to reading the density of
the free falling stream of dust. The observer positioned himself
according to Method 9 specifications, readings were recorded
every 15 seconds, and data were reduced as specified in EPA test
Nethod 9.
Two 6-minute sets of visible emission readings were recorded
during two dust transfer operations. The transfer of dust to an
open dumptruck takes between 7 and 9 minutes. The two sets
averaged 11.0 and 11.9 percent opacity.
Copies of the field data sheets are included in the
appendix.
Visible emissions from the truck loading operation may be
improved by adding more water to the dust in the pug mill and
lowering the bulk loading spout. MRI representatives were
informed by plant personnel that a flexible portion of the bulk
loading spout normally used was broken off. Replacing this
section of the spout should result in a reduction in emissions.
A covering for the back of the truck could also be used.
8
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APPENDIX A
FIELD DATA SHEETS
A-i
-------
CI f AMY L
LOCAT ION P , c, i; , j
TEST NO.
I TE M’ c.H jc 2
TYPE FACILITY
CONTROL DEVICE
RECORD OF VISUAL DETERMINATION OF OPACITY
PAGE 1 OF
HOURS OF OBSERVATION 9/(d. /1 7 /
OBSERVER : Th- - 1C? c
OBSERVER CERTIFICATION DATE . ,? ‘ .i
c
OBSERVER AFFILIATION PED t€, ________
POINT OF EMISSIONS Ro P
HEIGHT OF DISCHARGE POINT -
CLOCK TiME
OBSERVER LOCATION
Distance to Discharge
Direction from Discharge
Neight of Observation Point
MC GROUNO DESCRIPTION
WEATHER COP&3ITIONS
Wind Direction
Wind Speed
lent T. perature
SKY CONOITIONS (clear, over-
cast, clouds, etc.)
&41t *%‘Gf.. .“ pOk’tle
PLUME DESCIIPT 1011
Color
Distance Visible
Initial
Final
oc t/c,
11 7 _ i
4oo’
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6K
5
-------
ROOF MONITOR (MINOR SOURCE OF EMISSIONS)
BUILDING
LOUVERS
(MAJOR SOURCE
OF EMISSIONS)
sKi,
_H_ii_J j
DOOR TO
OPEN SHOP
\ BAGHOUSES
TO DISTRIBUTION BOX
AND BAGHOUSE
Melt shop diagram (morning view)
-------
OBSERVATION RECORD PAGE ..2 OF •
COMPANY 4e1 5k’ec . OBSERVER
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OBSERVATION RECORD PAGE 4:. OF
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TYPE FACILITY
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HOURS OF OBSERVATION j — / 7p
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OBSERVER CERTIFICATION DATE Oe, 1., 1 9S’ 2..
POINT OF EMISSIONS A eL-I
HEIGHT OF DISCHARGE POINT Zop ‘
CLOCK TIME
OBSERVER LOCATION
Distance to Discharge
Direction fros Discharge
Height of Observation Point
MCKGROUNO DESCRIPTION
WEATHER CONDITIONS
Wind Direction
Wind Speed
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SKY COI ITIONS (clear, over-
cast, % clouds, etc.)
t
PLUME DESCRIPTION
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Set J Time
Number Start-End
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RECORD OF VISUAL DETERMINATION OF OPACITY PAGE OF 9
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-------
DOWNRIVER FURNACE 9
UPRIVER FURNACE 92
B - CENTER OF MELT SHOP (MAJOR SOURCE OF EMISSIONS)
0
A - ROOF MONITOR (MINOR SOURCE OF EMISSIONS)
Melt shop diagram (afternoon view)
-------
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OBSERVATION RECORD PAGE 1 j or
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A-14
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OBSERVATION RECORD PAGE c or SF
COMPANY TeL 54-CL _
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OBSERVAUDN RECORD PAGE _L OF
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OBSERVATION RECORD
PAGE .i_ or j
cOP4PANYJç1 s e
LOCATION si . 1 .- . j
TEST NO. ______________________
DATE , 1ai r, / .); / 2’
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CONPANYIfL 5, ce L
LOCATION # Wcj,ry ? P i,tJ
TEST NO. _______________________
DATE ! ‘1C,1Y 1-) IC , /9 >
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PAGE Dr 1.
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POINT OF EMISSIONS 6lt’ .‘ £f-, ,7
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A—18
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RECORD OF VISUAL DETERMINATION OF OPACITY
PAGE / OF Z_
COI AI4Y T
LOCAT iON
TEST * .
1 TE Me rcI-, /Q, /Cf(i ’Z
TYPE FACILITY f1
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-------
OBSERVATION RECORD PAGE 2- OF a
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TYPE FACILITY E
POINT OF
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TEST NO.
DATE
J-1L
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A-20
-------
RECORD OF VISUAL DETERMINATION OF OPACITY
PA(E /OF /..-
CLOCK TINE
OBSERVER LOCATION
Distance to Discharge
Direction from Discharge
Height of Observation Point
MCKG&OUNO DESCRIPT ION
WEATHER C( NDITIONS
Wind Direction
Wind Speed
1ent Temperature
SKY COI ITIONS (clear, over-
cast. I buds, etc.)
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HOURS OF OBSERVATION /I?ç—,/?c -
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-------
OBSERVATION RECORD PAGE z..
OBSERVER /eek .
TYPE FACiLITY s
POINT OF EPSSIONS&4?hDL?5tt m 7D 1#?d4
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/- Ti ehL
DATE Iv2trfA /e.’ c’z-
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A-22
-------
APPENDIX B
OBSERVER CERTIFICATION
B-i
-------
Q ’i iunI nfJL € unLtnu
SOUTHWESTERN OHIO AIR POLLUTION CONTROL AGENCY
MAIN OFFICE LABORATORY MPCNAELJ MALOWEY
2400 Beekman Street 1675 Gest Street
ROERTA Cincinnati, Ohio 45214 CIncinnati, Ohio 45204 £ .D.ERMENC,P.E.
OSERT A WOOD Phone: (513) 2518777 Phone: (513) 2518863 Au1 A4mh, ,ID,
November 30, 1981
Mr. Thomas R. Clark
PEDCo Environmental
11499 Chester Road
Cincinnati, Ohio 45246
Dear Mr. Clark:
On October 6 and 7, 1981, a “Smoke Emissions” field class
for the requalification of Air Pollution Control Officers
was conducted by the Southwestern Ohio Air Pollution Con-
trol Agency at the Millcreek 8arrier Dam located off Gest
Street. The class was conducted and test papers graded
by James Sadelfeld, Supervisor of Enforcement.
You were qualified at this session, along with the following:
Thomas J. Wey Philip J. Schworer
David R. Osterhart Don 3. Loudin
Doug Orf Gopal Annamraju
Sandra 3. Howison
A grade of 37 or under is passing.
The next session will be conducted on April 6 and 7, 1982,
at the same location. Personnel from your agency are wel-
come to attend.
Sincerely,
Charles E. Schumann,
Acting Director
By: , /
ZJanes Sadelf’cId,
Supervisor of Enforcement
CES :JS :iv
IQARD oc cOuIi ”SSIOWENS
B- 2
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