U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NATIONAL EUTROPHICATION SURVEY
WORKING PAPER SERIES
REPORT
ON
DEERFIELD LAKE
PBWIGION COJNIY
SOUTH DAKOTA
EPA REGION VIII
WORKING PAPER No, G07
CORVALLIS ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY - CORVALLIS, OREGON
and
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING & SUPPORT LABORATORY - LAS VEGAS, NEVADA
...O. 699-440
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REPORT
ON
DERFIELD LAKE
REMINGTON COUNTY
SOUTH DAMTA
EPA REGION VIII
WORKING PAPER No, 607
WlTH THE COOPERATION OF THE
SOUTH DAKOTA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AND THE
SOUTH DAKOTA [IATIONAL GUARD
JANUARY/ 1977
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1
CONTENTS
Page
Foreward jj
List of South Dakota Study Lakes iv
Lake and Drainage Area Map
Sections
I. Conclusions 1
II. Lake and Drainage Basin Characteristics 3
III. Lake Water Quality SunTnary 4
IV. Nutrient Loadings 8
V. Literature Reviewed 12
VI. Appendices 13
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11
FOREWORD
The National Eutrophication Survey was initiated in 1972 in
response to an Administration comitment to investigate the nation-
wide threat of accelerated eutrophication to freshwater lakes and
reservoirs.
OBJECTIVES
The Survey was designed to develop, in conjunction with state
environmental agencies, information on nutrient sources, concentrations,
and impact on selected freshwater lakes as a basis for formulating
comprehensive and coordinated national, regional, and state management
practices relating to point-source discharge reduction and non-point
source pollution abatement in lake watersheds.
ANALYTIC APPROACH
The mathematical and statistical procedures selected for the
Survey’s eutrophication analysis are based on related concepts that:
a. A generalized representation or model relating
sources, concentrations, and impacts can be constructed.
b. By applying measurements of relevant parameters
associated with lake degradation, the generalized model
can be transformed into an operational representation of
a lake, its drainage basin, and related nutrients.
c. With such a transformation, an assessment of the
potential for eutrophication control can be made.
LAKE ANALYSIS
In this report, the first stage of evaluation of lake and water-
shed data collected from the study lake and its drainage basin is
documented. The report is formatted to provide state environmental
agencies with specific information for basin planning [ 3O3(e)], water
quality criteria/standards review [ 3O3(c)], clean lakes [ 3l4(a,b)],
and water quality monitoring [ lO6 and 3O5(b)] activities mandated
by the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972.
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111
Beyond the single lake analysis, broader based correlations
between nutrient concentrations (and loading) and trophic condi-
tion are being made to advance the rationale and data base for
refinement of nutrient water quality criteria for the Nation’s
freshwater lakes. Likewise, multivariate evaluations for the
relationships between land use, nutrient export, and trophic
condition, by lake class or use, are being developed to assist
in the formulation of planning guidelines and policies by EPA
and to augment plans implementation by the states.
AC KNOWL EDGMENT
The staff of the National Eutrophication Survey (Office of
Research & Development, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency)
expresses sincere appreciation to the South Dakota Departments of
Environmental Protection and Game, Fish and Parks for professional
involvement, to the South Dakota National Guard for conducting the
tributary sampling phase of the Survey, and to those wastewater
treatment plant operators who voluntarily provided effluent samples.
Allyn Lockner, Secretary, and Blame Barker and Duane Murphy,
Department of Environmental Quality; Douglas Hansen, Department
of Game, Fish and Parks; and James Hayden, Director, State Lakes
Preservation Comittee provided invaluable lake documentation and
counsel during the Survey, reviewed the preliminary reports, and
provided critiques most useful in the preparation of this Working
Paper series.
Major General Duane L. Corning, the Adjutant General of South
Dakota, and Project Officer Colonel Robert D. Chalberg, who directed
the volunteer efforts of the South Dakota National Guardsmen, are also
gratefully acknowledged for their assistance to the Survey.
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lv
NATIONAL EUTROPHICATION SURVEY
STUDY LAKES
STATE OF SOUTH DAKOTA
LAKE NAME COUNTY
Albert Kingsbury
Alvin Lincoln
Angostura Fall River
Brant Lake
Byron Beadle
Clear Marshall
Clear Minnehaha
Cochrane Deuel
Cottonwood Spink
Deerfield Pennington
Enemy Swim Day
Herman Lake
John Hamljn
Kampeska Codington
Madison Lake
Mitchell Davidson
Norden Hamlin
East Oakwood Brookings
West Oakwood Brookings
Pactola Pennington
Pickerel Day
Poinsett Brookings, Lake
Red Iron South Marshall
Richmond Brown
Roy Marshall
Sand Brown
Sheridan Pennington
Stockdale Custer
East Vermillion McCook
Wall Minnehaha
Wau bay Day
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V
43.55.
J
Map Location
.. ;\
LI
,1
I
1 ,
)
(
DEERFIELD LAKE
x
In htit ry Sainpi I nq
I ikc S iiiipl iiiy
c
0
Drainage Area
2
0
4
Boundary
6
2
3
eKm.
4
Scale
5 Mi.
1
B1’
re (
Heely
)
/
)
..t
1,
(7
I
55,
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DEERFIELD LAKE
STORET NO. 4610
I. CONCLUSIONS
A. Trophic Condition:
Survey data indicate Deerfield Lake is mesotrophic,
although it ranked sixth in overall trophic quality when the
31 South Dakota lakes sampled in 1974 were compared using a
combination of six water quality parameters*. However, this
lake was sampled at much greater depths than four of the five
lakes that ranked higher, and depletion of dissolved oxygen
occurred at a depth of nearly 26 meters in April. If dissolved
oxygen is omitted as an index parameter, Deerfield Lake would
rank third.
Three of the 31 lakes had less median total phosphorus, 13
had less median dissolved orthophosphorus, three had less and
one had the same median inorganic nitrogen, and only oligotrophic
Pactola Reservoir had less mean chlorophyll a and a greater mean
Secchi disc transparency.
Survey limnologists noted some emergent macrophytes along the
shoreline near sampling station 2 in July.
B. Rate—Limiting Nutrient:
Because of nutrient changes in the sample, the algal assay
results are not considered representative of conditions in the
* See Appendix A.
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2
lake at the time the sample was taken (09/11/74). However,
the lake data indicate phosphorus limitation in April and
nitrogen limitation in July and September.
C. Nutrient Controllability:
1. Point sources--There were no known point sources dis-
charging to Deerfield Lake or its tributaries during the sam-
pling year.
The present phosphorus loading of 0.19 g/m 2 /year is less than
that proposed by Volleriweider (Vollenweider and Dillon, 1974)
as an oligotrophic loading (see page 10). However, the mean
phosphorus concentration in ungaged Gold Run was over twice
that of Castle Creek, and the loading may be somewhat higher than
indicated.
2. Non-point sources--Non—point sources contributed all of
the total phosphorus load to Deerfield Lake during the sampling
year. Castle Creek contributed 81.2%, and the ungaged minor
tributaries and iri ediate drainage contributed an estimated 9.4%.
The area surrounding the lake is forest and grazing land.
Moderately high phosphorus concentrations found in the lake may
be due in part to direct runoff from such areas. An investigation
of land-use practices u1d be necessary to determine the con-
tribution from such sources.
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3
II. LAKE AND DRAINAGE BASIN CHARACTERISTICSt
A. Lake Morphometry :
1. Surface area: 1.68 kilometers 2 .
2. Mean depth: 10.5 meters.
3. Maximum depth: 33.5 meters.
4. Volume: 17.709 x 106 m 3 .
5. Mean hydraulic retention time: 2 years.
B. Tributary and Outlet:
(See Appendix C for flow data)
1. Tributaries —
Drainage Mean flow
Name area (km 2 )* ( rn 3 /sec)*
Castle Creek 215.0 0.270
Minor tributaries &
immediate drainage - 31.9 0.007
Totals 246.9 0.277
2. Outlet —
Castle Creek 248.6** 0.277**
C. Precipitation***:
1. Year of sampling: 67.1 centimeters.
2. Mean annual: 70.4 centimeters.
t Table of metric conversions--Appendix B.
tt Surface area - Murphey, 1974; volume - Anonymous, 1976.
* For limits of accuracy, see Working Paper No. 175, ‘.. .Survey Methods,
1973-1976”.
** Includes area of lake; outflow adjusted to equal sum of inflows.
*** See Working Paper No. 175.
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4
III. LAKE WATER QUALITY SUMMARY
Deerfield Lake was sampled three times during the open-water season
of 1974 by means of a pontoon-equipped Huey helicopter. Each time,
samples for physical and chemical parameters were collected from a number
of depths at two stations on the lake (see map, page v). During each
visit, a single depth-integrated (4.6 m to surface) sample was composited
from the stations for phytoplankton identification and enumeration; and
during the September visit, a single 18.9-liter depth-integrated sample
was composited for algal assays. Also each time, a depth-integrated
sample was collected from each of the stations for chlorophyll a analysis.
The maximum depths sampled were 25.9 meters at station 1 and 6.4 meters at
station 2.
The sampling results are presented in full in Appendix D and are
summarized in the following table.
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A SU 4”. RY OF r-’rfl’SICAL AND
CrIEMICAL
STO ET
CrIA ACTEPI 1ICS
CODE ‘.610
FO.< DEEQFIELD
PESE ’IOI
1ST SAUDLING ( 4/25/7”)
2ND SAMPLING (
7/15/76)
3PD SAMPLING (
9/11/741
2 SITES
2 SITES
2 SITES
PAQAMETER
RANGE MEAt’j N’EOIAN
ANuE MEAN
MEDIAN
QANG MEAN
MEDIAN
TEMP (C)
3 ,3
— 5,9 4.9 5.4
8.3
— 20.7 16.8
19.9
8.7
— 15.4 13.4
15.2
DISS OXY (MG,L)
0.0
— 10.4 7.3 8.2
2.0
— 10.2 6.9
7.5
0.1
— 8.0 4.5
7.4
C DCTVY (MCROMO)
224.
— 286. 243. 245.
291.
— 356. 336.
352.
271.
— 287. 281.
283.
PM (STAND UNITS)
**O***
**D***** ******Q** **o
7 ,5
— 5 5 5.3
8. ’ .
7.4
— 8.4 8.0
8.2
TOT ALK (MG/L)
188.
— 236. 205. 202.
218.
— 242. 229.
228.
198.
— 236. 211.
200.
TOT P (MO/L)
0.OIu
— 0.270 0.048 0.021
0.041
— 0.089 0.062
0.062
0.013
— 0.073 0.036
0.028
OPTHO P (MG/L)
0.004
— 0.022 0.007 0.005
0.042
— 0.081 0.051
0.045
0.005
— 0.048 0.021
0.019
N02 .N03 (MG/L)
0.030
— 0.100 0.049 0.050
0.030
— 0.070 0.057
0.060
0.020
— 0.020 0.020
0.020
AMMONIA (MG/L)
0.020
— 1.180 0.158 0.030
0.020
— 0.050 0.039
0.040
0.020
— 0.190 0.057
0.035
tcjEL N (MG/L)
0,200
— 1.500 0.400 0.200
0.200
— 0.300 0.220
0.200
0.200
— 0.400 0.242
0.200
INOF G N (HG/L)
0.050
— 1.210 0.207 0.080
0.050
— 0.120 0.096
0.100
0.040
— 0. l0 0.077
0.055
TOTAL N (HG/L)
0.230
— 1.530 0.449 0.300
0.250
— 0.360 0.277
0.260
0. 20
— 0.420 0.262
0.220
CHLPPYL A (U(/L)
3.9
— 4,6 4.2 4.2
2.3
— 6.3 4.5
4,5
2.1
— 2.2 2.1
2.1
SECCHI (METEPS)
3.0
— 5.5 4.3 4.3
5.0
— 7.3 6.1
6.1
U,
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6
B. Biological characteristics:
1. Phytoplankton —
Sampling Dominant Algal Units
Date Genera per ml
04/25/74 1. Chroomonas . 2,142
2. Syndra . ia• 863
3. Cryptomonas 480
4. Asterionefla 288
5. Tabellarja . 64
Total 3,837
07/15/74 1. Chroomonas .aa• 521
2. Fragilarfa 290
3. Cryptomonas 203
4. Flaqellates 87
5. Centric diatopis 116
Other genera 115
Total 1,332
09/11/74 1. Chroomonas . 265
2. AsterionëTla 2.• 151
3. Fragilaria p. 114
4. Anabaena . i2.• 38
5. Cryptomonas . J2.. 38
Other genera 113
Total 719
2. Chlorophyll a -
Sampling Station Chlorophyll a
Date Number ( pg/i )
04/25/74 1 4.6
2 3.9
07/15/74 1 6.3
2 2.8
09/11/74 1 2.2
2 2.1
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7
C. Limiting Nutrient Study:
The algal assay results are not considered representative
of conditions in the lake at the time the sample was taken
09/11/74) due to nutrient changes in the sample during shipment
from the field to the laboratory.
The lake data indicate phosphorus was limiting in April
(the mean inorganic nitrogen/orthophosphorus ratios were 33/1
at station 1 and 16/1 at station 2). However, nitrogen limitation
is indicated in July and September (the mean N/P ratios were 5/1
or less at both stations, and nitrogen limitation would be
expected).
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8
IV. NUTRIENT LOADINGS
(See Appendix E for data)
For the determination of nutrient loadings, the South Dakota
National Guard collected monthly near-surface grab samples from each
of the tributary sites indicated on the map (page v), except for the
high runoff months of April and June when two samples were collected.
Sampling was begun in October, 1974, and was completed in September, 1975.
Through an interagency agreement, stream flow estimates for the
year of sampling and a “normalized” or average year were provided by
the South Dakota District Office of the U.S. Geological Survey for the
tributary sites nearest the lake.
In this report, nutrient loads for sampled tributaries were
determined by using a modification of a U.S. Geological Survey computer
program for calculating stream loadings*. Nutrient loads for unsampled
“minor tributaries and imediate drainage” (“ZZ” of U.S.G.S.) were esti-
mated using the nutrient loads at station A—2, in kg/km 2 /year, and multi-
plying by the ZZ area in km 2 .
A. Waste Sources:
1. Known municipal - None
2. Known industrial - None
* See Working Paper No. 175.
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9
B. Annual Total Phosphorus Loading - Average Year:
1. Inputs —
kqP/ %of
Source yr total
a. Tributaries (non-point load) -
Castle Creek 260 81.2
b. Minor tributaries & immediate
drainage (non-point load) - 30 9.4
c. Known municipal SIP’s - None
d. Septic tanks - Unknown
e. Known industrial — None — -
f. Direct precipitation* - 3() 9.4
Total 320 100.0
2. Outputs -
Lake outlet — Castle Creek 275
3. Net annual P accumulation — 45 kg.
* See Working Paper No. 175.
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10
C. Annual Total Nitrogen Loading - Average Year:
1. Inputs —
kgN/ %of
Source yr total
a. Tributaries (non-point load) —
Castle Creek 5,175 66.7
b. Minor tributaries & immediate
drainage (non-point load) - 765 9.9
c. Known municipal Sip’s — None —
d. Septic tanks - Unknown ?
e. Known industrial - None - -
f. Direct precipitation* - 1,815 23.4
Total 7,755 100.0
2. Outputs -
Lake outlet — Castle Creek 5,500
3. Net annual N accumulation — 2,255 kg.
D. Non-point Nutrient Export by Suhdrainage Area:
Tributary kg P/km 2 /yr kg r1/k i 2 /yr
Castle Creek 1 24
E. Mean Nutrient Concentrations in Ungaged Stream:
Mean Total P Mean Total N
Tributary Conc. (mg/i) Conc. (mg/l )
Gold Run 0.064 0.903
* See Working Paper No. 175.
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11
F. Yearly Loads:
In the following table, the existing phosphorus loadings
are compared to those proposed by Vollenweider (Vollenweider
and Dillon, 1974). Essentially, his “dangerous” loading is
one at which the receiving water would become eutrophic or
remain eutrophic; his “permissible” loading is that which
would result in the receiving water remaining oligotrophic
or becoming oligotrophic if morphometry permitted. A meso-
trophic loading would he considered one between “dangerous”
and “permissible”.
Note that Vollenweider’s model may not he applicable to
water bodies with short hydraulic retention tines.
Total Phosphorus Total
Nitrogen
Total Accumulated Total Accumulated
grams/m 2 /yr 0.19 0.03 4.6 1.3
Vollenweider phosphorus loadings
(g/m 2 /yr) based on mean depth and mean
hydraulic retention time of Deerfield Lake:
“Dangerous” (eutrophic loading) 0.46
“Permissible” (oligotrophic loading) 0.23
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12
V. LITERATURE REVIEWED
Anonymous, 1976. Water resources data for South Dakota, water
year 1975. Water Data Report SD-75—1, U.S.G.S., Huron.
Murphey, Duane G., 1974. Personal communication (water body
information and rnorphometry). SD Dept. of Env. Prot., Pierre.
Vollenweider, R. A., and P. J. Dillon, 1974. The application of
the phosphorus loading concept to eutrophication research.
Nat]. Res. Council of Canada Pub]. No. 13690, Canada Centre
for Inland Waters, Burlington, Ontario.
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13
Vi. APPENDICES
APPENDIX A
LAKE RANKINGS
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DATA TO BE USED IN RANKINGS
LAKE
LAKE MEDI 4EOIAN 500— IEAN 15— MEL)IAN
CODE LAKE NAPE TOTAL P INOP G N MEuN SEC C-4LO?A MIi DO DISS ORIrlO
4601 LAKE ALBERT 0.321 0.170 489.111 106.289 9.200 0.019
4602 ALVIN LAKE 0.067 0.973 442.833 4.700 9.400 0.017
6603 ANGOSTURA RESERVOIR 0.019 0.160 423.333 3.717 13.000 0.005
4604 BRANT LAKE 0.194 0.130 432.833 34.150 11.800 0.113
4605 LAKE. BY 0N 0.443 0.370 488.333 149.350 9.000 0.146
4606 CLEAR LAKE 0.027 0.075 430.167 11.983 8.800 0.009
4607 CLEAR LAKE 1.400 0.270 495,333 691.000 7.000 0.468
4608 COCiIRANE LAKE 0.037 0.150 446.000 1.683 15.000 0.008
4b09 COTTONWOOD LAKE 0.685 0.265 490.333 112.017 8.600 0.417
4610 DEERFIELO RESERVOIR 0.033 0.080 303.333 3.650 15.000 0.022
46)1 ENEMY SWIM LAKE 0.037 0.085 442.600 14.200 8.200 0.0 13
4612 LAKE HERMAN 0.340 - 0.155 485.000 58.733 8.600 0.17’.
6613 ST JOHN LAKE 0.348 0.080 489.400 120.880 9.800 0.025
4614 LAKE KAMPESKA 0.220 0.105 468.889 20.567 8.200 0.128
4615 MAOISON LAKE 0.253 0.090 445.555 22.578 14.000 0.107
6616 LAKE MITChELL 0.099 0.085 465.833 14.883 13.800 0.015
4617 LAKE NORDEN 0.256 0.165 488.667 46.800 10.000 0.050
4618 OAKW000 LAKE EAST 0.146 0.175 487.000 113.600 10.000 0.009
4619 OAKW000 LAKE WEST 0.181 0.135 485.833 159.667 0.021
4620 pAcroLA RESERVOIR 0.011 0.070 248.446 1.478 11.000 0.006
4621 PICKEREL LAKE 0.049 0.095 439.833 15.833 9.600 0.009
4622 LAKE POIN$ETT 0.115 0.315 468.444 40.211 10.000 0.023
4623 LAKE RED I UN SOUTH 0.042 0.110 430.333 6.883 7.500 0.010
462’. RICHMOND LAKE 0.187 0.150 410.000 18.467 10.000 0.144
4625 PUY LAKE 0.034 0.070 431.000 13.333 11.000 0.010
4626 SAND LAKE 0.489 0.110 471.800 65.790 12.800 0.288
4627 ShERIDAN LAKE 0.053 0.105 394.000 15.433 15.000 0.016
6628 STOCKADE LAKE 0.233 0.150 432.000 25.400 15.000 0.109
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LAKE DATA TO BE USED IN RANKIN
LAKE
CODE
4629
4630
4631
LAKE NAME
LAKE VERMILLION
WALL LAKE
WAUBAY LAKE NORTI 4
TOTAL P
INORO N
MEAN SEC
MEAN
CHLO A
15—
MIN 00
MEDIAN
0155 ORT iO P
0.21!
0.100
472.833
100.800
9.200
0.092
0.194
0.160
441.667
55.267
7.400
0.076
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PERCENT OF LAKES WITH HIGHER VALUES (NUMBER OF LAKES WITH HIGHER VALUES)
LAKE
CODE
LAKE NAME
MEDIAN
TOTAL P
MEDIAN
INOPG N
500—
MEAN SEC
MEAN
CHLORA
15—
MIN
DO
DISS
MEDIAN
ORTHO P
INDEX
NO
4601
LAKE ALBERT
20 ( 6)
20 C
6)
10 C 3)
23 C 7)
68 C
20)
60
C 18)
201
4602
ALVIN LAKE
67 C 20)
0 C
0)
57 C 17)
90 1 27)
63 C
19)
63
( 19)
3 .O
4603
ANGOSTURA RESERVOIR
97 C 29)
30 C
9)
87 C 26)
93 C 28)
20 C
6)
100
C 30)
427
604
BRANT LAKE
40 C 12)
53 C
16)
70 C 21)
47 C 14)
27 (
8)
23
C 7)
260
4605
LAKE BYRON
10 C 3)
3 (
1)
17 C 5)
7 C 2)
73 C
22)
13
C 4)
123
4606
CLEAR LAKE
93 C 28)
93 C
28)
83 ( 25)
83 C 25)
77 (
23)
90
C 27)
519
4607
CLEAR LAKE
0 C 0)
10 C
3)
0 C 0)
0 C 0)
100 C
30)
0
C 0)
110
4608
COCrIRANE LAKE
83 C 25)
40 C
11)
50 C
15)
67 C 20)
5 (
0)
93
C 28)
338
4609
COTTONwOOD LAKE
3 ( 1)
13 C
4)
3 C
1)
20 C 6)
82 (
24)
3
( 1)
124
4610
DEERFIELD RESERVOIR
90 ( 27)
88 C
26)
97 C
29)
97 ( 29)
5 C
0)
53
C 16)
430
4611
ENEMY SWIM LAKE
80 C 24)
82 (
24)
60 C
18)
77 C 23)
88 C
26)
73
1 22)
460
4612
LAKE HERMAN
17 C 5)
33 (
10)
27 C
8)
33 C 10)
82 C
24)
10
1 3)
202
4613
ST JOHN LAKE
13 C 4)
88 C
26)
7 C
2)
13 ( 4)
53 C
16)
43
C 13)
217
4614
LAKE KAMPESKA
33 C 10)
65 (
19)
40 (
12)
57 1 17)
88 C
26)
20
C 6)
303
4615
MADISON LAKE
27 ( 8)
77 C
23)
53 C
16)
53 ( 16)
13 (
4)
30
1 9)
253
4616
LAKE MITCHELL
60 1 18)
82 C
24)
47 C
14)
73 1 22)
17 1
5)
70
( 21)
349
4617
LAKE NORDEN
23 1 7)
23 C
7)
13 C
4)
40 C 12)
45 C
12)
40
( 12)
184
4618
OAKW000 LAKE EAST
53 C 16)
17 (
5)
20 C
6)
17 ( 5)
45 C
12)
85
C 25)
237
4619
OAK OOD LAKE WEST
50 C 15)
50 C
15)
23 C
7)
3 C 1)
58 C
17)
57
( 17)
241
4620
PACTOLA PESERVOIR
100 C 30)
98 (
29)
100 C
30)
100 ( 30)
35 (
10)
97
C 29)
530
4621
PICKEREL LAKE
73 ( 22)
73 (
22)
67 C
20)
63 C 19)
58 (
17)
85
C 25)
419
4622
4623
LAKE POINSETT
LAKE RED IRON SOUTH
57 C 17)
77 C 23)
7 C
58 C
2)
17)
43 C
80 (
13)
24)
43 1 13)
87 C 26)
45 (
93 (
12)
28)
47
78
C 14)
C 23)
242
473
,
4624
RICHMOND LAKE
47 C 14)
40 (
11)
90 (
27)
60 C 18)
45 C
12)
17
1 5)
299
4625
ROY LAKE
87 C 26)
98 1
29)
77 C
23)
80 C 24)
35 C
10)
78
( 23)
455
4626
SAND LAKE
7 ( 2)
58 C
17)
33 C
10)
30 C 9)
23 C
7)
7
C 2)
158
4627
S EPIOAN LAKE
70 C 21)
65 C
19)
93 C
28)
4628 STOCKADE LAKE
30 1 9) 40 C 11) 73 C 22) 50 C 15)
S 1 0) .27 I •8). 225
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MEAN 15— MEDIAN INDEX
CPILORA MIN DO DISS ORTHO P NO
27 C 8) 68 C 20) 33 ( 10) 265
37 C 11) 97 ( 29) 37 C 11) 30’.
10 C 3) 30 C 9) 50 ( 15) 237
PERCENT OF LAKES WITH ‘-UGHER VALUES CNUM3ER OF LAKES WITH HIGHER VALUES)
L AKE MEDIAN MEDIAN 500—
CODE LAKE NAME TOTAL P INORG N MEAN SEC
‘629 L4KE VEPMILLION 37 ( 11) 70 ( 21) 30 C 9)
6630 WALL LAKE 43 C 13) 27 C 8) 63 C 19)
4631 WAU8AY LAKE NORTH 63 C 19) 47 C 14) 37 C 11)
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RANKED BY INDEX NOS.
LAKE CODE LAKE NAME INDEX NO
1 4620 PACTOLA RESERVOIR 530
2 4606 CLEAR LAKE 519
3 4623 LAKE RED IRON SOUTH 473
4 4611 ENEMY SWIM LAKE 460
5 4625 ROY LAKE 455
6 4610 DEERFIELD RESERVOIR 430
7 4603 ANGOSTURA RESERVOIR 427
8 4621 PICKEREL LAKE 619
9 4627 SHERIDAN LAKE 370
10 4616 LAKE MITCHELL 349
11 4b02 ALVIN LAKE 340
12 4608 COCMRANE LAKE 338
13 4630 WALL LAKE 304
14 4614 LAKE PcAMPESPcA 303
15 4624 RIC iMOND LAKE 299
16 4629 LAKE VERMILLION 265
17 4604 BRANT LAKE 260
18 4b15 MADISON LAKE 253
19 4622 LAKE POINSETT 242
20 4b19 OAKW000 LAr(E WEST 241
21 46)1 WAUBAY LAKE NORTH 237
22 4618 OAK OOD LAKE EAST 237
23 4628 STOCKAQE LAKE 225
24 4613 ST JOHN LAKE 217
25 4612 LAKE r4ERMAN 202
26 4601 LAKE ALBERT 201
27 4617 LAKE NO DEN 1e4
28 4626 SAND LAKE, 158
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LA(ES RP KED 9Y INDEX NOS.
RANK LANE CODE LAKE NAME INDEX NO
29 4609 COTTONWOOD LAKE 124
30 4605 LAKE SYRON 123
31 4607 CLEAR LAKE 110
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APPENDIX B
CONVERSION FACTORS
-------
CONVERSION FA(;TORs
Hectares x 2.471 acres
Kilometers x 0.6214 = miles
Meters x 3.281 = feet
CubIc meters x 8.107 x lO = acre/feet
Square kilometers x 0.3861 = square miles
Cubic meters/sec x 35.315 = cubic feet/sec
Centimeters x 0.3937 = inches
Kilograms x 2.205 = pounds
Kilograms/square kilometer x 5.711 = lbs/square mile
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APPENDIX C
TRIBUTARY FLOW DATA
-------
IRHUTARY FLOW 1NFO’ MAT1ON FOP SOUTri DAKOTA 05/03/76
LA’cE CODE 4610 DEEPFIELO RES
TOTAL DPAIr AOE A Eu OF LAKE(SO KM)
SU 3—D AI GE NORMALIZED FLO S(CMS)
TPI9L)TARY A EA(SQ rsM) FEB MaR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NO DEC MEAN
461041 243. 0.0 7 U.057 0.113 0.311 0.453 0.453 0.’.53 0.510 0.538 0.255 0.0 5 0.057 0.280
4610A2 flS.0 0.20 0.20 0.23 0.’.0 0.’.2 0.37 0.29 0.25 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.20 0.27
4610ZZ 33.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.028 0.028 0.028 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.007
SUMMARY
TOTAL DRAINAGE AREA OF LAKE = 248.6 TOTAL FLOW IN 3.31
SUM OF SUB—DRAINAGE AREAS = 248.6 TOTAL FLOw OUT = 3.34
MEAN MONTHLY FLOaS AND DAILY FLOWS(CHS
TRIBUTAPY MONT!- YEAP MEAN FLOW DAY FLOW DAY FLOW DAY FLOW
461041 10 74 0.311 12 0.340
ii 74 0.085 9 0.057
12 74 0.057 7 0.057
1 75 0.085 9 0.085 18 0.085
2 75 0.085 9 0.085
3 75 0.142 8 0.085
4 75 0.708 12 0,311 30 1.218
5 75 0.793 16 0.793
6 75 0.425 4 0.368 14 0.340
7 75 0.340 12 0.311
8 75 0.255 28 0.255
9 75 0.425 21 0.481
46 10A2 10 74 0.255 12 0.255
11 74 0.311 9 0.311
12 74 0.311 7 0.340
1 75 0.255 9 0.283 18 0.227
2 75 0.227 9
3 75 0.227 8 0.227
4 75 0.708 12 0.340 30 0.566
5 75 0.481 16 0.566
6 75 0.340 4 0.425 14 0.340
7 75 0.227 12 0.227
8 75 0.255 28 0.2’7
9 75 0.283 21 0.255
4610ZZ 10 74 0.0
11 74 0.0
1? 7’. 0.0
1 75 0.0
? 75 0.0
3 75 0.0
4 75 o. Oos
S 75 0.028
6 75 0.028
7 75 0.014
8 75 0.0
9 75 0.0
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APPENDIX D
PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL DATA
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STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 76/05/03
461001
46 01 42.0 103 ‘.7 10.0 3
DEE FIELD RESEPvOIR
46103 SOuT i DAKOTA
090491
11EPALES 2111202
0090 FEET DEPTH CLASS 00
00010 00300 00077 00094 00400 00410 00610 00625 00630 00671
DATE TIME DEPTH HATER DO TI ANSP CNDUCTVY PM I ALrc NPI3—N TOT KJEL NO2 N03 PHOS—DIS
FROM OF TEMP SECCHI FIELD CACO3 TOTAL N 4—TOTAL 0i THO
TO DAY FEET CENT MG/L INCHES MICROMNO SU MG/L MG/L MG/L MG/L MG/L P
74/04/25 10 20 0000 5.9 216 224 188 0.020 0.200 0.030 0.005
10 20 0005 5.9 10.4 224 191 0.040 0.200 0.060 0.006
10 20 0020 5.8 10.0 226 191 0.020 0.200 0.030 0.00
10 20 0045 3.6 8.0 245 204 0.020 0.200K 0.050 0.004
10 20 0060 3.3 6.0 248 214 0.050 0.200 0.100 0.007
10 20 0085 4.0 0.0 286 236 1.180 1.500 0.030 0.022
74/07/15 13 40 0000 20.1 7.4 288 352 8.50 218 0.040 0.300 0.060 0.045
13 40 0005 20.1 7.2 352 8.50 226 0.040 0.200 0.070 0.046
13 40 0020 20.1 7.6 350 8.50 222 0.040 0.200 0.060 0.044
13 40 0035 10.9 6.8 304 8.10 240 0.020 0.300 0.030 0.043
13 40 0055 8.8 3.8 295 7.90 242 0.050 0.200K 0.070 0.042
13 40 0070 8.3 2.0 291 7.80 230 0.050 0.200K 0.060 0.044
74/09/11 15 45 0000 15.4 8.0 180 285 8.31 198 0.030 0.200K 0.020K 0.005
15 45 0005 15.4 8.0 283 8.25 198 0.020 0.200K 0.020K 0.014
15 45 0020 15.3 7.4 283 8.23 199 0.020K 0.200 0.020K 0.012
15 45 0040 14.0 2.6 287 7.73 220 0.020K 0.200K 0.020K 0.013
15 45 0045 11.8 0.2 285 7.41 228 0.030 0.200K 0.020K 0.018
15 45 0050 9.8 0.2 273 7.43 232 0.050 0.200K 0.020K 0.024
15 45 0060 9.0 0.1 271 7.47 236 0.160 0.300 0.020K 0.023
15 45 0081 8.7 0.2 273 7.49 222 0.190 0.400 0.020K 0.025
K VS LUE K.OwN TO c3E
LESS TrIAN INDICATED
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STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 76/05/03
461001
44 01 42.0 103 ‘.7 10.0 3
DEE FIELO RESERVOIP
46103 SOUTH DAIcOTA
090491
I IEPALES 2111232
O0 0 FEET 0E T -I CLASS 00
00665 32217 00031
DATE TIME DEPTH PHOS-TOT CHLRPHVL INCOT LT
FROM OF A EMNING
TO DAY FEET MG/L P UG/L PERCENT
74/04/25 10 ?0 0000 0.019 4.6
10 20 0005 0.028
10 20 0020 0.022
10 20 0045 0.010 1.0
10 20 0060 0.020
10 20 0085 0.270
74/07/15 13 40 0000 0.065 6.3
13 40 0002 50.0
13 40 0005 0.041
13 40 0020 0.057
13 40 0035 0.068 1.0
13 40 0055 0.049
13 40 0070 0.056
74/09/11 15 45 0000 0.013 2.2
IS 45 0005 0.023
15 45 0020 0.023
15 45 0040 0.022
15 45 0045 0.026
15 45 0050 0.033
15 45 0060 0.066
15 45 0081 0.073
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STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 76/05/03
461002
44 00 52.0 103 48 35.0 3
OEE’ FIELD PESEPVOI,
46103 SOUTH DAKOTA
090491
11EPALES 2111202
0025 FEET DEPTH CLASS 00
00010 00300 00077 00094 00400 00410 00610 00625 00630 00671
DATE TIME DEPTH MATER DO TRANSP CNOUCTVY PH 1 ALK NH3-N TOT KJEL N02&N03 PMOS- )IS
FROM OF TEMP SECCMI FIELD CACO3 TOTAL N N—TOTAL ORTHO
TO DAY FEET CENT MG/L INCHES MICROMMO SU MG/L MG/L MG/L MG/L MG/L
74/04/25 11 00 0000 5.8 120 246 202 0.040 0.400 0.050 0.005
11 00 0005 5.4 8.2 244 202 0.020 0.300 0.040 0.004
11 00 0020 4.2 8.8 246 214 0.030 0.’.0O 0.050 0.005
74/07/15 14 05 0000 20.6 7.8 196 356 8.40 222 0.040 0.200 0.060 0.048
14 05 0005 20.7 8.0 355 8.40 224 0.040 0.200K 0.050 0.062
14 05 0010 19.7 8.4 352 8.40 230 0.040 0.200K 0.060 0.052
14 05 0020 18.5 10.2 354 8.30 234 0.030 0.200 0.050 0.081
74/09/11 15 iS 0000 15.2 8.0 180 281 8.27 199 0.040 0.400 0.020K 0.015
15 15 0005 15.2 8.0 285 8.37 200 0.020 0.200K 0.020K 0.021
15 15 0015 15.2 8.0 287 8.37 200 0.050 0.200K 0.020K 0.031
15 IS 0021 15.2 7.4 283 8.37 200 0.060 0.200K 0.020K 0.048
00665 32217 00031
DATE TIME DEPTH PHOS—TOT CHLRPHYL INCOT LI
FROM OF A REMNING
TO DAY FEET MG/L P UG/L PERCENT
74/04/25 11 00 0000 0.024 3.9
11 00 0005 0.021
11 00 0020 0.020
74/07/15 14 05 0000 0.072 2.8
14 05 0005 0.065
14 OS 0010 0.059
14 OS 0020 0.089 1.0
74/09/11 15 15 0000 0.023 2.1
15 15 0005 0.030
15 15 0015 0.035
15 IS 0021 0.064
K VALUE KNOWN TO BE
LESS THAN INDICATED
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APPENDIX E
TRIBUTARY DATA
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STOPET RETRIEIAL DATE 76/05/0’
‘.61041
44 01 45.0 103 46 53.0 4
Ci 5TLE CR E ’(
‘.6 1•5 OEER IELO
O/oEE FItLD LAIcE 0904’fl
OG .2 M D NSTPM FRH t)EE FIELD DAM
1 IEPALE S 11120 ’.
0000 FEET OEPT,-q CLASS 00
00630 00625 00610 00671 00665
DATE TIME DEPTI NO2&’ .O3 TOT KJEL Nrl3—r PiOS-3IS hOS—TJT
FROM OF N—TOTAL N TOTAL THO
TO OA( FEET MG/L MG/L MG/L MG/L P MG/L P
74/10/12 11 40 0.02’. 0.600 0.010 0.010 0.030
74/11/09 12 10 0.040 0.600 0.025 0.015 0.020
7 /I2/07 08 50 0.040 0.400 0.010 0.010 0.020
75/03/08 09 30 0.216 0.950 0.032 0.008K 0.010
7 5/0 ’ ./12 0.050 0.350 0.035 0.010 0.020
75/04/30 20 45 0.150 0.900 0.030 0.015 0.030
75/05/16 15 15 0.100 0.100 0.060 0.005 0.020
75/06/04 13 15 0.0 ’ .3 0.750 0.020 0.005 0.030
75/06/1’. 10 45 0.025 0.250 0.005 0.005K 0.030
75/07/12 13 40 0.005 0.600 0.020 0.010 0.0 10
75/08/28 18 23 0.035 0.500 0.060 0.025 0.070
75/09/21 0.035 0.600 0.115 0.015 0.110
K VALUE KNOWN TO 8E
LESS THAN INDIC4TEI3
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STORET RETRIEVAL OATE 76/05/0’.
‘ .61042
44 00 49.0 103 49 .8.0 ‘.
CASTLE C EEic
4b 7.5 DEEQFIELD
T/UEEr F1ELD LAKE
SEC O B )O .5 MI Si OF D ERFIEL ) DAM
11EPALES 211120’.
0000 FEET UEPTM CLASS 00
00630 30625 00610 00671 00665
DATE TIME EPTr4 NO2 NO3 TOT KJEL NH3N Pr,OSDIS PrtOS-TOT
FROM OF N—TOTAL N TOTAL QRTr$O
TO DAY FEET MG/L MG/L MG/L MG/L P MG/L P
74/10/12 12 50 0.040 0.500 0.005 0.015 0.040
74/11/09 13 00 0.104 0.100 0.015 0.015 0.020
74/12/07 09 45 0.168 0.200 0.005 0.010 0.010
75/02/09 13 00 0.184 0.600 0.032 0.016 0.030
75/03/08 10 no 0.172 0.600 0.024 0.008 0.020
75/04/12 0.165 1.300 0.060 0.020 0.050
75/04/30 19 20 0.165 0.650 0.015 0.025 0.060
75/05/1 15 27 0.070 0.400 0.015 0.015 0.030
75/06/04 13 45 0.065 0.600 0.025 0.010 0.040
75/06/14 ii 30 0.070 0.600 0.010 0.005 0.050
75/07/12 13 55 0.015 0.400 0.015 0.010 0.020
75/08/28 18 35 0.010 C.550 0.020 3.005 0.015
75/09/21 0.065 0.200 0.010 0.005K 0.010
K VALUE KNOWN TO BE
LESS TMAN INOICATED
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STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 76/05/04
4610 A 3
4’. 02 21.0 103 51 42.0 4
CASTLE CQEE’c
46 l.S aEERtI Li,
T/DE .r FItLJ LAr E 09O 91
B DG rIALFWA( BTwN MLLLER/P ICKETT PANCr-iS
L 1EPALES 2111204
0000 FEET DE’ T’- CLASS 00
00630 00825 00610 00671 00665
DATE TIP E DEPTH N02e .N03 TOT KJEL NPi3-NJ HOS—OIS hOS—TOT
FROM OF N—TOTAL N TOTAL OPT 10
TO DAY FEET MG/L MG/L ‘iG/L MG/L P MG/L
74/10/12 12 25 0.064 0.400 0.015 0.005 1 < 0.010
14/11/09 12 49 0.104 0.200 0.025 0.0 10 0.030
7’./12/07 09 30 0.168 0.330 0.010 0.005 0.020
75/01/09 13 10 0.176 0.400 0.016 0.010 0.020
75/02/08 09 00 0.168 0.100 0.016 0.008 0.050
75/03/08 10 10 0.176 0.300 0.016 0.008 0.010
75/04/12 0.175 0.750 0.020 0.015 0.040
75/04/30 19 30 0.270 0.550 0.035 0.035 0.060
75/05/16 is 30 0.180 0.400 0.025 0.010 0.010
75/06/0’. 13 50 0.155 0.550 0.015 0.005 0.030
75/06/14 11 IS 0.170 0.650 0.025 0.005K 0.060
75/61/1 14 00 0.070 0.250 0.020 0.010 0.010
75/0 /28 18 e5 0.0 ’ .5 0.350 0.020 0.010 0.020
75/09/21 0.100 0.300 0.0051< 0.010
K VALUE KNOWN TO BE
LESS THAN INDIC TEO
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‘.6 7.
T/DEERF IEU)
SEC D 8R00
1 1E LES
0000 FEET
DEE F I ELI)
LAKE 090 ’s 1
1.7 M I S )F DEE FIELD DAM
211 1204
DEPTr, CLASS 00
STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 76/05/04
461U’ 1
44 00 20.0 103 47 33.0 4
GOLO - UN
00630
00625
00810
00871
00665
DATE
TIME DEPTH N02&NO3
TOT KJEL
NPI3—N
PpiOS—D S
Pr OS—TOT
FROM
OF
N—TOTAL
N
TOTAL
ORTtiO
TO
DAY
FEET
MG/L
HG/L
MG/L
MG/L P
M(,/L ‘
74/11/09
13 25
0.016
0.500
0.040
0.040
0.085
75/04/30
19 05
0.125
0.800
0.020
0.035
0.060
75/05/16
15 27
0.010
0.675
0.015
0.020
0.030
75/06/04
13 30
0.025
0.950
0.030
0.025
O.0 0
75/ub/L’ .
11 45
0.015
0.8?5
0.025
0.020
0.031
75/07/12
15 50
0.005
0.550
n.025
0.050
0.070
75/08/28
18 27
0.020
1.450
0.045
0.065
75/09/21
0.055
1.200
0.020
0.025
0.090
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