U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NATIONAL EUTROPHICATION SURVEY
WORKING PAPER SERIES
REPORT
ON
PACTOLA RESERVOIR
PENNINGTON COUNTY
SOUTH MUniA
EPA REGION VI11
WORKING PAPER No, 617
CORVALLIS ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY - CORVALLIS, OREGON
and
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING & SUPPORT LABORATORY - LAS VEGAS, NEVADA
•G.P.O. 699-440
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REPORT
ON
PACTDLA RESEFVniR
PENNINGTOM COUNIY
SOUTH EWTA
EPAREGIGflVIII
WORKING PAPER No, 617
WITH THE COOPERATION OF THE
SOUTH DAKOTA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AND THE
SOUTH DAKOTA NATIONAL GUARD
DECEMBER., 1976
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1
CONTENTS
Page
Foreward ii
List of South Dakota Study Lakes iv
Lake and Drainage Area Map
Sections
I. Conclusions 1
II. Lake and Drainage Basin Characteristics 3
III. Lake Water Quality Suniiiary 4
IV. Nutrient Loadings 8
V. Literature Reviewed 12
VI. Appendices 13
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11
FOREWORD
The National Eutrophication Survey was initiated in 1972 in
response to an Administration commitment to investigate the nation-
wide threat of accelerated eutrophication to freshwater lakes and
reservoirs.
OBJECTIVES
The Survey was designed to develop, in conjunction with state
environmental agencies, information on nutrient sources, concentrations,
and impact on selected freshwater lakes as a basis for formulating
comprehensive and coordinated national, regional, and state management
practices relating to point-source discharge reduction and non-point
source pollution abatement in lake watersheds.
ANALYTIC APPROACH
The mathematical and statistical procedures selected for the
Survey’s eutrophication analysis are based on related concepts that:
a. A general ized representation or model relating
sources, concentrations, and impacts can be constructed.
b. By applying measurements of relevant parameters
associated with lake degradation, the generalized model
can be transformed into an operational representation of
a lake, its drainage basin, and related nutrients.
c. With such a transformation, an assessment of the
potential for eutrophication control can be made.
LAKE ANALYSIS
In this report, the first stage of evaluation of lake and water-
shed data collected from the study lake and its drainage basin is
documented. The report is formatted to provide state environmental
agencies with specific information for basin planning [ 3O3(e)], water
quality criteria/standards review [ 3O3(c)J, clean lakes [ 314(a,b)],
and water quality monitoring [ 1O6 and §305(b)] activities mandated
by the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972.
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111
Beyond the single lake analysis, broader based correlations
between nutrient concentrations (and loading) and trophic condi-
tion are being made to advance the rationale and data base for
refinement of nutrient water quality criteria for the Nation’s
freshwater lakes. Likewise, multivariate evaluations for the
relationships between land use, nutrient export, and trophic
condition, by lake class or use, are being developed to assist
in the formulation of planning guidelines and policies by EPA
and to augment plans implementation by the states.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The staff of the National Eutrophication Survey (Office of
Research & Development, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency)
expresses sincere appreciation to the South Dakota Departments of
Environmental Protection and Game, Fish and Parks for professional
involvement, to the South Dakota National Guard for conducting the
tributary sampling phase of the Survey, and to those wastewater
treatment plant operators who voluntarily provided effluent samples.
Allyn Lockner, Secretary, and Blame Barker and Duane Murphy,
Department of Environmental Quality; Douglas Hansen, Department
of Game, Fish and Parks; and James Hayden, Director, State Lakes
Preservation Comittee provided invaluable lake documentation and
counsel during the Survey, reviewed the preliminary reports, and
provided critiques most useful in the preparation of this Working
Paper series.
Major General Duane L. Corning, the Adjutant General of South
Dakota, and Project Officer Colonel Robert D. Chalberg, who directed
the volunteer efforts of the South Dakota National Guardsmen, are also
gratefully acknowledged for their assistance to the Survey.
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iv
NATIONAL EUTROPHICATION SURVEY
STUDY LAKES
STATE OF SOUTH DAKOTA
LAKE NAME COUNTY
Albert Kingsbury
Alvin Lincoln
Angostura Fall River
Brant Lake
Byron Beadle
Clear Marshall
Clear Minnehaha
Cochrane Deuel
Cottonwood Spink
Deerfi el d Penni ngton
Enemy Swim Day
Herman Lake
John Haml in
Kampeska Codington
Madison Lake
Mitchell Davidson
Norden Hamlin
East Oakwood Brookings
West Oakwood Brookings
Pactola Pennington
Pickerel Day
Poinsett Brookings, Lake
Red Iron South Marshall
Richmond Brown
Roy Marshall
Sand Brown
Sheridan Pennington
Stockdale Custer
East Vermillion McCook
Wall Minnehaha
Waubay Day
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Deer field Lake
. /4
/ \
c.
10340’
I
1 ’
/
Map Location
10330
“p.
•\\
PACTOLA RESERVOIR
0 Tributary Sampling Site
X Lake Sampling Site
•.C )
‘cs.
o 2 4 6
I I
I I
0 1 2 4 5Mi.
I
3
Scale
4410’
El
I
PACTOLA
RESERVOIR
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PACTOLA RESERVOIR
STORET NO. 4620
I. CONCLUSIONS
A. Trophic Condition:
Survey data indicate that Pactola Reservoir is oligotrophic.
It ranked first in overall trophic quality when the 31 South
Dakota lakes sampled in 1974 were compared using a combination of
six water quality parameters*. None of the other lakes had less
median total phosphorus, one had less median dissolved ortho-
phosphorus, none had less median inorganic nitrogen (one had the
same) or mean chlorophyll a, and none of the others had greater
mean Secchi disc transparency. No significant depression of
dissolved oxygen occurred at depths as great as 39.6 meters.
Survey limnologists did not observe any nuisance conditions
during sampling visits and commented on the attractive appearance
of the reservoir.
B. Rate—Limiting Nutrient:
The algal assay results are not considered representative of
conditions in the reservoir at the times the samples were taken.
The reservoir data indicate phosphorus limitation in April and
nitrogen limitation in July and September.
C. Nutrient Controllability:
1. Point sources--The only point sources which may have con-
* See Appendix A.
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2
tributed to the total phosphorus load during the sampling year
were septic tanks at Silver City which were estimated to have
contributed 0.6% of the total load. However, additional inves-
tigation would be needed to determine the significance of such
sources.
The present phosphorus loading of 1.17 g/m 2 /year is more than
that proposed by Vollenweider (Vollenweider and Dillon, 1974) as
a eutrophic loading (see page 10). If this loading continues, pro-
gressive signs of eutrophication are likely to become evident.
2. Non-point sources--Non-point sources contributed 99.4%
of the total phosphorus input to Pactola Reservoir during the
sampling year. Rapid Creek contributed 89.5% and the ungaged
minor tributaries and immediate drainage contributed an estimated
8.4% of the total.
Any reduction of the non-point source phosphorus load probably
would be difficult since the surrounding terrian is mostly for-
ested. Additional investigation is needed to determine the con-
tribution and controllability of phosphorus resulting from land-
use practices in the drainage basin.
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3
II. LAKE AND DRAINAGE BASIN CHAR.ACTERISTICS
A. Lake Morphorrletrytt:
1. Surface area: 3.48 kilometers 2 .
2. Mean depth: 16.4 meters.
3. Maximum depth: 42.7 meters.
4. Volume: 57.148 x 106 m 3 .
5. Mean hydraulic retention time: 1.6 years.
B. Tributary and Outlet:
(See Appendix C for flow data)
1. Tributaries —
Drainage Mean flow
Name area (krn 2 )* ( rn 3 /sec)*
Rapid Creek 756.3 1.130
Minor tributaries &
iniiiediate drainage - 69.0 0.012
Totals 825.3 1.142
2. Outlet -
Rapid Creek 828.8** 1.100
C. Precipitation***:
1. Year of sampling: 67.1 centimeters.
2. Mean annual: 70.4 centimeters.
f Table of metric conversions--Appendix B.
ft Surface area and maximum depth - Murphey, 1974; volume - Anonymous, 1976.
* For limits of accuracy, see Working Paper No. 175, “...Survey Methods,
1973—1976”.
** Includes area of lake.
*** See Working Paper No. 175.
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4
III. LAKE WATER QUALITY SUMMARY
Pactola Reservoir was sampled three times during the open-water season
of 1974 by means of a pontoon-equipped Huey helicopter. Each time,
samples for physical and chemical parameters were collected from
a number of depths at three stations on the reservoir (see map, page v).
During each visit, a single depth-integrated (4.6 m to surface) sample
was composited from the stations for phytoplankton identification and
enumeration; and during the April and September visits, single 18.9-liter
depth-integrated samples were composited for algal assays. Also each time,
a depth-integrated sample was collected from each of the stations for
chlorophyll a analysis. The maximum depths sampled were 39.6 meters at
station 1, 24.4 meters at station 2, and 7.6 meters at station 3.
The sampling results are presented in full in Appendix D and are
summarized in the following table.
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A. SUMMARY OF P’IYSICAL AND
CP4EP’ICAL
STO t1
Cr4A ACTEW1 rICs
CUOE ‘620
FOR PACTOLA
ESERVOI
1ST SAMPLING ( 4/25/74)
2’ L’ SAMPLING (
7/15/7’.)
3RD SAMPLING (
9/12/74)
3 SITES
3 SITES
3 SITES
PARAMETER
RANGE MEAN MEDIAN
MAN J E MEAN
MEDIAN
kANGE MEAN
MEDIAN
TEMP (C)
5.0
— 8.0 6.3 b.4
6.0
— 22.3 16.8
20.8
7.3
— 16.3 13.7
15.6
DISS OXY (MG/L)
8.6
— 10.4 10.0 10.2
6.4
— 9.2 7.6
7.4
4.0
— 9.0 7.5
8.0
CNDCTVY (MCPOMO)
220.
— 250. 230. 230.
250.
— 373. 324.
350.
230.
— 295. 275.
288.
PH (STAND UNITS)
00*00*
***********O***O****0*
8.0
— 8. 8.3
B.S
7.4
— 8.3 8.0
8.1
TOT AL c (MG/L)
146.
— 166. 150. 148.
123.
— 167. 158.
160.
156.
194. 166.
165.
TOT P (MG/L)
0.007
— 0.059 0.013 0.009
0.050
— 0.O8 0.062
0.060
0.007
— 0.020 0.010
0.009
ORTHO p (P40/1)
0.002
— 0.010 0.005 0.004
0.003
— 0.072 0.046
0.051
0.002
— o.ooq 0.006
0.OOe
N02 .N03 (MG/I)
0.030
— 0.110 0.054 0.050
0.020
— 0.090 0.054
0.060
0.020
— 0.140 0.031
0.020
AMMONIA (MG/I)
0.020
— 0.040 0.023 0.030
0.030
— 0.100 0.051
0.050
0.020
— 0.040 0.024
0.020
KJEL N (MG/L)
0.200
— 0.300 0.213 0.200
0.200
— 0.500 0.235
0.200
0.200
— 0.500 0.245
0.200
INORG N (MG/L)
0.050
— 0.150 0.082 0.070
0.060
— 0.190 0.105
0.110
0.040
— 0.180 0.055
0.040
TOTAL N (MG/L)
0.230
— 0.370 0.267 0. 5o
0.220
— 0.580 0.289
0.2a0
0.220
— 0.640 0.276
0.220
CHLRPYL A (U(/L)
1.9
— 2.2 2.0 1.9
1.3
— 2.2 1.8
2.0
0.6
— 0.b 0.6
0.6
SLCCHI (METERS)
2.7
— 7.9 6.0 7.3
4.0
— 7.6 6.3
7.3
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6
B. Biological characteristics:
1. Phytoplankton —
Sampling Dominant Algal Units
Date Genera per ml
04/25/74 1. Chroomonas . 291
2. Fr gi1aria . 194
3. Ankistrodesmus ia•
4. G1Umj . 49
Total 631
07/15/74 1. Chroomonas p. 242
2. Asterionella !.p_. 81
3. Cryptomonas 2• 40
4. Stephanodiscus . 40
Total 403
09/12/74 1. Chroomonas . E• 547
2. Microcyst is p. 96
3. C!yptomonas ij. 49
4. Euglena p. 24
5. A sterion 11a 24
Other genera 21
Total 761
2. Chlorophyll a -
Sampling Station Chlorophyll a
Date Number ( pgLl )
04/25/74 1 2.2
2 1.9
3 1.9
07/15/74 1 2.0
2 1.3
3 2.2
09/12/74 1 0.6
2 0.6
3 0.6
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7
C. Limiting Nutrient Study:
The algal assay results are not considered representative
of conditions in the reservoir at the times the samples were
collected (04/25/74 and 09/12/74) due to significant nutrient
losses in the samples during shipment from the field to the
laboratory.
The reservoir data indicate that phosphorus was limitinq in
April; i.e., the mean inorganic nitrogen/orthophosphorus ratios
were 17/1 or greater at all stations. However, nitrogen limi-
tation is indicated in July and September; the mean N/P ratios
were 11/1 or less at all stations, and nitrogen limitation would
be expected.
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8
IV. NUTRIENT LOADINGS
(See Appendix E for data)
For the determination of nutrient loadings, the South Dakota
National Guard collected monthly near-surface grab samples from
each of the tributary sites indicated on the map (page v), except
for the high runoff months of April and June when two samples were
collected at one of the sites. Sampling was begun in October, 1974,
in September, 1975.
Through an interagency agreement, stream flow estimates for the
year of sampling and a “normalized” or average year were provided by
the South Dakota District Office of the U.S. Geological Survey for the
tributary sites nearest the reservoir.
In this report, nutrient loads for sampled tributaries were
determined by using a modification of a U.S. Geological Survey computer
program for calculating stream loadings*.
Nutrient loads for unsampled “minor tributaries and immediate
drainage” (“ZZ” of U.S.G.S.) were estimated using the nutrient loads
at station A-2, in kg/ktn 2 /year, and multiplying by the ZZ area in km 2 .
A. Waste Sources:
1. Known municipal - None
2. Known industrial - None
See Working Paper No. 175.
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9
B. Annual Total Phosphorus Loading - Average Year:
1. Inputs —
kgP/ %of
Source yr total
a. Tributaries (non-point load) -
Rapid Creek 3,655 89.5
b. Minor tributaries & immediate
drainage (non-point load) - 345 8.4
c. Known municipal STP’s - None -
d. Septic tanks* - 25 0.6
e. Known industrial - None -
f. Direct precipitation** - 60 1.5
Total 4,085 100.0
2. Outputs —
Lake outlet - Rapid Creek 455
3. Net annual P accumulation - 3,630 kg.
* tstimate based on 51 dwellings at Silver City; see Working Paper No. 175.
** See Working Paper No. 175.
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10
C. Annual Total Nitrogen Loading - Average Year:
1. Inputs -
Source _____ ______
a. Tributaries (non-point load) -
Rapid Creek
b. Minor tributaries & immediate
drainage (non—point load) —
c. Known municipal STP’s - None
d. Septic tanks* -
e. Known industrial — None
f. Direct precipitation * -
Total
2. Outputs —
Lake outlet — Rapid Creek 22,345
3. Net annual N accumulation — 17,200 kg.
0. Non-point Nutrient Export by Subdrainage Area:
Tributary kg P/km 2 /yr ___________
Rapid Creek 5
E. Mean Nutrient Concentrations in Ungaged Streams:
Mean Total P Mean Total N
Tributary Conc. (mg/lj Conc. (mg/l )
N. Fork Castle Creek 0.031 0.614
Silver Creek 0.012 0.452
Gimlet Creek 0.022 0.518
Slate Creek 0.032 0.498
* Estimate based on 51 dwellings at Silver City; see Working Paper No. 175.
** See Working Paper No. 175.
kg Ni
yr
32,020
2,900
870
3,755
39,545
% of
total
81.0
7.3
2.2
9.5
100.0
S9 N/km 2 /yr
42
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11
F. Yearly Loads:
In the following table, the existing phosphorus loadings
are compared to those proposed by Vollenweider (Vollenweider
and Dillon, 1974). Essentially, his “dangerous” loading is
one at which the receiving water would become eutrophic or
remain eutrophic; his “permissible” loading is that which
would result in the receiving water remaining oligotrophic
or becoming oligotrophic if morphometry permitted. A meso-
trophic loading would be considered one between “dangerous”
and “permissible”.
Note that Vollenweider’s model may not be applicable to
water bodies with short hydraulic retention times.
Total Phosphorus Total Nitrogen
Total Accumulated Total Accumulated
grams/m 2 /yr 1.17 1.04 11.4 4.9
Vollenweider phosphorus loadings
(g/m 2 /yr) based on mean depth and mean
hydraulic retention time of Pactola Reservoir:
“Dangerous” (eutrophic loading)
0.62
“Permissible” (oligotrophic loading)
0.31
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12
V. LITERATURE REVIEWED
Anonymous, 1976. Water resources data for South Dakota, water year
1975. Water Data Report SD-75-1, U.S.G.S., Huron.
Murphey, Duane G., 1974. Personal communication (reservoir infor-
mation and morphometry). SD Dept. of Env. Prot., Pierre.
Vollenweider, R. A., and P. J. Dillon, 1974. The application of
the phosphorus loading concept 1:o eutrophication research.
Nati. Res. Council of Canada Publ. No. 13690, Canada Centre
for Inland Waters, Burlington, Ontario.
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I.)
VI. APPENDICES
APPENDIX A
LAKE RANKINGS
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LAKE DATA TO BE USCO IN RANKINGS
MEDI4 MEDIAN 500— MEAN 15- P ED1AN
CODE LAKE NAME TOTAL P fl O G N MEAN SEC CrILORA MII DO DISS ORIriC i
‘.601 LAKE AL8E T o.321 0.170 489.111 106.289 9.200 O.O 9
4b0 ALVIN LAKE 0.067 0.973 ‘.42.833 4.700 9.400 0.017
4603 ANGOSTLJRA RESERVOIR 0.019 0.160 423.333 3.717 13.000 0.005
4604 BP NT LAKE 0.19’. 0.130 ‘.32.833 34.150 11.800 0.113
4605 LAKE. BYRON 0.443 .0.370 488.333 149.350 9.000 0.146
4606 CLEAR LAKE 0.027 0.075 430.167 11.983 8.800 0.009
4607 CLEAR LAKE 1.400 0.210 495.333 691.000 7.000 0.468
4608 COCHRANE LAKE 0.037 0.150 446.000 15.683 15.000 0.008
4609 COTTONWOOD LAKE 0.685 0.265 490.333 112.017 8.600 0.417
‘610 DEERFIELO RESERVOIR 0.033 0.080 303.333 3.650 15.000 0.022
4611 ENEMY SWIM LAKE 0.037 0.085 442.600 14.200 8.200 0.013
4612 LAKE HfRMAN .340 0.155 485.000 58.733 8.600 0.174
4613 ST ,JOHN LAKE O.34B 0.080 489.400 120.880 9.800 0.025
4614 LAKE KAMPESKA 0.220 0.105 468.889 20.567 8.200 0.128
4615 MADISON LAKE 0.250 0.090 445.555 22.578 14.000 0.107
4616 LAKE MITCHELL 0.099 0.085 465.833 14.883 13.800 0.015
4617 LAKE NOROIN 0.256 0.165 - 488.667 46.800 10.000 0.050
‘biB 0AK400() LAKE EAST 0.146 0.175 487.000 113.600 10.000 0.009
4619 OAKW000 LAKE WEST 0.181 0.135 485.833 159.667 9.bOO 0.021
4620 PACTOLA RESERVOIR 0.011 0.070 248.464 1.478 11.000 0.006
4621 PICKE L LAKE 0.049 0.095 439.833 15.833 9.600 0.009
4622 LAKE POINSETT 0.115 0.315 468.444 40.211 10.000 0.023
4623 LAKE RED IRON SOUTH 0.042 0.110 430.333 6.883 7.600 0.010
4624 RICHMOND LAKE 0.187 0.150 410.000 18.461 10.000 0.1”.
4625 ROY LAKE 0.03’. 0.070 431.000 13.333 11.000 0.010
4626 SAND LAKE 0.489 0.110 411.800 65.790 12.800 0.288
4627 SHERIOAN LAKE 0.053 0.105 394.000 15.433 15.000 0.016
4628 STOCKADE LAKE 0.233 0.150 432.000 25.400 15.000 0.1Q.9
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LAKE DATA TO BE USED I 1 PANP IN 35
LAKE 4E DIAN MEDIAN 500— MEAN is— MEDIAN
CODE LAKE NAME TOTAL P INO (., N MEAN SEC C LO A MIN 00 0155 Or TPi0
‘629 LANE VERMILLION 0.211 0.100 472.833 100.800 9.200 0.092
4630 WALL LAKE 0.194 0.160 441.667 55.267 7.400 0.076
4631 WAU AY LME NO TM 0.O9 0.145 469.555 127.033 11.400 0.023
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PERCENT OF LAKES WITH HIGHER VALUES (NUMBER OF LAKES 4ITH MIGHE VALUCS)
MEDIAN MEDIAN S00— MEAN 15— MEDIAN
LAKE NAME TOTAL P INOPG N MEAN SEC C 4LOPA MIN DO OISS ORTriO P NO
4601 LAKE. ALBERT 20 ( ) 20 ( 6) 10 C 3) 23 C 7) 68 1 20) 60 C 18) 201
4602 ALVIN LAKE 67 1 20) 0 C 0) 57 C 17) 90 C 27) 63 C 19) 63 C 1’ ) 3’.O
4603 ANGOSTURA RESERVOIR 97 C 29) 30 C 9) 87 26) 93 C 28) 20 C 6) 100 1 30) 427
4604 BRANT LAKE 40 ( 12) 53 C 16) 70 C 21) 47 1 14) 27 C 8) 23 C 7) 260
4605 LAKE BYRON 10 1 3) 3 C 1) 17 C 5) 7 C 2) 73 C 22) 13 ( 4) 123
4606 CLEAR LAKE 93 C 28) 93 C 28) 83 ( 25) 83 C 25) 77 C 23) 90 C 27) S1
4607 CLEAR LAKE 0 C 0) 10 C 3) 0 1 0) 0 C 0) 100 C 30) 0 C 0) 110
6608 COCHRANE LAKE 83 C 25) 40 C 11) 50 C 15) 67 C 20) 5 C 0) 93 C 28) 338
4609 COTTONwOOD LAKE 3 C 1) 13 C 4) 3 C 1) 20 C 6) 82 C 24) 3 C 1) 124
4610 DEERFIELD RESERV0I 90 C 27) 88 C 26) 97 C 29) 97 C 29) 5 C 0) 53 C 16) 430
4611 ENEMY SWIM LAKE 80 C 24) 82 C 24) 60 C ld) 77 ( 23) 88 C 26) 73 1 22) 460
6612 LAKE HERMAN 17 C 5) 33 ( 10) 27 C 8) 33 C 10) 82 C 24) 10 ( 3) 202
46)3 ST JOHN LAKE 13 ( 4) 88 C 26) 7 C 2) 13 C 4) 53 C 16) 43 C 13) 217
4614 LAKE KAMPESKA 33 C 10) 65 C 19) 40 C 12) 57 C 17) 88 C 26) 20 C 6) 303
4615 MADISON LAKE 27 C 8) 77 C 23) 53 C 16) 53 C 16) 13 1 4) 30 ( 9) 2 3
4616 LAKE MITCHELL 60 ( 18) 82 C 24) 47 C 14) 73 C 22) 17 ( 5) 70 C 21) 349
4617 LAKE NOROEN 23 C 7) 23 C 7) 13 ( 4) 40 C 12) 45 C 12) 40 ( 12) 184
4618 OAKWOO() LAKE EAST 53 C 16) 17 1 5) 20 C 6) 17 C 5) 45 C 12) 85 C 25) 237
4619 OAKW000 LAKE WEST 50 C 15) 50 C 15) 23 C 7) 3 C 1) 58 C 17) 57 1 17) 241
4620 PACTOLA RESERVOIR 100 C 30) 98 C 29) 100 C 30) 100 C 30) 35 C 10) 97 C 29) 530
4621 PICKEREL LAKE 73 C 22) 73 1 22) 67 C 20) 63 C 19) 58 C 17) 85 C 25) 419
4622 LAKE POINSETT 57 C 17) 7 C 2) 43 C 13) 43 C 13) 45 C 12) 47 C 14) 242
4623 LAKE RED IRON SOUTH 77 C 23) 58 1 17) 80 C 24) 87 C 2b) 93 1 28) 78 C 23)
‘626 RICHMOND LAKE 47 ( 14) 40 C 11) 90 C 27) 60 C 18) 45 C 12) 17 C 5) 299
4625 ROY LAKE 87 1 26) 98 C 29) 77 C 23) 80 C 24) 35 C 10) 78 C 23) 455
4626 SAND LAKE 7 C 2) 58 C 17) 33 C 10) 30 C 9) 23 C 7) 7 C 2) 158
4627 SHERIDAN LAKE 70 C 21) 65 C 19) 93 C 28) 70 C 21) S C 0) 67 C 20) 370
4628 STOCKADE LAKE 30 1 9) 40 C 11) 73 C 22) 50 C 15) S C 0) 27 1- 8) 225
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PERCENT OF
LAKES WITI4
MIGMER VALUES (NUM8ER OF
LAKES wITH HiGhER VALUES)
LAKE
CODE
LAKE
NAME
MEUIAN
TOTAL P
MEDIAN
I ORG
N
500—
MEAN
SEC
MEAN
CHLO A
4629
LAKE
VERMILLION
37 ( 11)
70 (
21)
30
C 9)
27 ( 8)
4630
WALL
LAKE
43 C 13)
27 (
8)
63
C 19)
37 ( 11)
31
WAUBAY LAKE NORTH
63 C 19)
47 C
4)
37
C 11)
10 C 3)
NIN DO
DISS
ORT 1O P
NO
68 ( 20)
33
C 10)
265
97
C 29)
37
C 11)
304
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LAKES RANKED BY INDE* P405.
RANK LAKE COQ LArE NAME •LNC EX NO
1 4620 PACTOLA RESERVOIR 530
2 4606 CLEAR LAKE 519
3 4623 LAKE R(O IRON SOUTH 473
4 4611 ENEMY SW H LAKE 460
5 4625 ROY LAKE 455
6 4610 DEERFIELD RESERVOIR 430
7 4603 ANGOSTURA RESERVOIR 427
8 4621 PICKEREL LAKE 419
9 4627 SHERIDAN LAKE 370
10 4616 LAKE MITCHELL 349
11 4 02 ALVIN LAKE 340
12 4608 COCP4RANE LAKE 338
13 4630 WALL LAKE 304
14 4614 LAKE KANPESKA 303
15 4624 RIC,jMOND LAKE 299
16 4629 LAKE VERMILLION 265
17 4604 BRANT LAKE 260
18 4615 MADISON LAKE 253
19 4622 LAKE POINSETT 262
20 4619 OAKW000 LAi(E WEST 241
21 4631 WAUBAY LAKE NOHTH 237
22 4618 OAK OOO LAKE CAST 237
23 4628 STOCKADE LAKE 225
24 4613 ST JOHN LAKE 217
25 4612 LAKE HERMAN 202
26 4601 LAKE ALBERT 201
27 4617 LAKE NOROEN 184
28 4626 SAND LAKC 158
-------
L*cES RANKED $Y NO!* NOS.
RAN c LA CODE LAPSE NAME INDEX NO
29 4609 COTTUNW000 LANE 124
30 4605 LAKE BYPON 123
31 4607 CLEAR LAKE 110
-------
APPENDIX B
CONVERSION FACTORS
-------
CONVERSION FA(;TORS
Hectares x 2.471 = acres
Kilometers x 0.6214 = miles
Meters x 3.281 = feet
Cubic meters x 8.107 x 1O = acre/feet
Square kilometers x 0.3861 = square miles
Cubic meters/sec x 35.315 = cubic feet/sec
Centimeters x 0.3937 = inches
Kilograms x 2.205 = pounds
Kilograms/square kilometer x 5.711 = lbs/square mile
-------
APPENDIX C
TRIBUTARY FLOW DATA
-------
TPI3(JTAr Y FLOW INFOP’jATION FO SOUT i DAKUTA 05/03/76
LAKE CODE 4620 PACTOLA PES.
TOTAL r)QAINAGE APEA OF LAKE(SO ,cM)
SU -O AI 4AGE NOPMALIZED FLO S(CM )
TPI8UTAPY A EA(SQ KM) JAN FE MAR APP MAY JUN JUL ALJU SEP OCT NOV DEC MEAN
462041 828.8 0.37 0.37 0.S1 0.93 2.07 .6 2.12 1.47 1.13 0.68 0.45 0.40 1.10
4620A2 756.3 0.45 0.48 0.74 1.39 2.12 2.75 1.61 1.19 1.10 0.76 0.51 O.’.5 1.13
4620ZZ 72.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.028 0.057 0.028 0.028 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.012
SuMMARY
TOTAL DRAINAGE AREA OF LAKE = 828.8 TOTAL FLOW IN 13.71
SUM OF SUBORAINAGE AREAS = 828.8 TOTAL FLOw OUT = 13.20
MEAN MONTMLY FLOWS AND DAILY FLOWS(CMS)
TRIBUTARY MONT ’1 YEAR MEAN FLOW DAY FLOW DAY FLOW DAY FLOW
462041 10 74 0.453 12 0.425
11 74 0.311 16 0.453
12 74 0.425 14 0.396
1 75 0.425 25 0.425
2 75 0.425 15 0.425
3 75 0.425 15 0.425
4 75 0.453 12 0.453
5 75 2.039 29 2.010
6 75 2.039 16 2.039
7 75 2.067 12 2.039
8 75 1.557 28 1.472
9 75 1.472 21 1.303
462042 10 74 0.595 12 0.595
11 74 0.453 16 0.510
12 74 0.396 14 0.340
I 75 0.283 25 0.4?5
75 0.255 15
3 75 0.396 15 0.453
4 75 2.520 12 1.529
5 75 3.398 29 2.152
6 75 2.180 16 1.784
7 75 1.246 12 1.274
75 0.680 28 0.566
9 75 0.736 21 0.8S0
4620ZZ 10 74 0.0
i i 74 0.0
12 74 0.0
1 75 0.0
2 75 0.0
3 75 0.0
4 75 0.033
5 75 0.014
6 75 0.008
7 75 0.0C3
8 75 0.0
9 75 0.0
-------
APPENDIX D
PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL DATA
-------
STDPET RETRIEVAL DATE 76/OS/03
462001
44 0’ 13.0 103 29 27.0 3
PACTOLA iESERvOIR
46103 SOuTH DAKOTA
090491
I1EPALES 2111202
013c FEET DEPT-’ CLASS 00
00010 00300 00077 00094 00400 00’.10 00610 00625 00630 00671
DATE TIME DEPTH WATER DO TRANSP CNDUCTVY PH T ALK NH3—N TOT KJEL N02&N03 PriOSDIS
c o i oF TEMP SECCHI FIELO CACO3 TOTAL N N—TOTAL ORTHO
TO DAY FEET CENT MG/L INCrIES MICROMrIO StJ MG/L MG/L MG/L MG/L MG/L P
7../04/25 08 30 0000 6.6 288 230 147 0.020 0.200 0.040 0.005
08 30 0005 6.5 10.2 230 147 0.030 0.200K 0.040 0.002
08 30 0030 6.’. 10.4 229 146 0.020 0.200K 0.030 0.002
08 30 0060 5.6 8.6 223 147 0.020 0.200K 0.030 0.002K
08 30 0100 5.1 10.2 221 147 0.030 0.200K 0.040 0.002K
08 30 0130 5.0 10.4 220 147 0.040 0.300 0.060 0.009
74/07/15 11 ss 0000 21.2 7.4 300 350 8.40 160 0.070 0.500 0.080 0.055
ii 5 0005 21.2 7.2 350 8.50 160 0.060 0.200 0.070 0.067
11 55 0015 21.1 7.4 350 8.50 159 0.030 0.200K 0.030 0.072
11 5 0035 14.2 9.2 295 8.60 165 0.040 0.200K 0.020 0.051
11 55 0060 9.1 8.8 266 8.40 160 0.040 0.200K 0.030 0.036
11 55 0090 7.1 8.0 254 8.30 164 0.060 0.200K 0.060 0.046
11 55 0125 6.0 7.0 250 8.00 167 0.100 0.200K 0.090 0.060
74/09/12 12 30 0000 16.2 8.0 340 287 8.05 157 0.030 0.300 0.020K 0.003
12 30 0005 16.2 8.0 290 8.15 156 0.020 0.200K 0.020K 0.007
12 30 0030 16.2 8.2 288 8.10 157 0.020 0.200K 0.020K 0.006
12 30 0045 16.0 8.0 285 8.08 158 0.040 0.200K 0.020K 0.005
12 30 0055 11.7 7.2 25’. 7.79 158 0.030 0.200K 0.020K 0.006
12 30 0060 10.8 7.8 248 7.80 157 0.030 0.200K 0.020K 0.008
12 30 0070 9.7 7.6 239 7.75 159 0.030 0.200K 0.060 0.006
12 30 0090 8.5 7.0 233 7.68 162 0.020 0.200 0.040 0.007
12 30 0121 7.3 4.0 230 7.45 164 0.040 0.500 0.1 ’ .O 0.008
K VALUE KNO ’,I TO 8E.
LESS THAN iNDICATE ’)
-------
STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 76/05/03
462001
44 04 13.0 103 29 27.0 3
PACTOLA RESERVOIR
46103 SOUTH DAK(jTA
0 90 ‘ .9 1
1 1EPALES 2111202
0139 FEET DEPTH CLASS 00
00665 32217 00031
DATE TIME OEPTN PHOS—TOT CMLRPHYL INCDT LI
FROM oF A REMMING
TO DAY FEET MG/L “ UG/L PERCENT
74/04/25 08 30 0000 0.010 2.2
08 30 0005 0.009
08 30 0030 0.009
08 30 0060 0.009
08 30 0100 0.008
08 30 0130 0.010
74/07/15 11 55 0000 0.054 2.0
11 55 0005 0.071
11 55 0006 50.0
11 55 0015 0.065
11 55 0035 0.064
11 55 0060 0.068 1.0
11 55 0090 0.065
11 55 0125 0.060
7 /09/12 12 30 0000 0.009 0.6
12 30 0005 0.015
12 30 0030 0.012
12 30 0045 0.009
12 30 0055 0.011
12 30 0060 0.012
12 30 0070 G.011
12 30 0090 0.009
12 30 0121 0.012
-------
STORET ETPIEVAL DATE 75/05/03
462002
44 04 2d.0 103 30 40.0 3
PACTOLA RESERVOIR
46103 SOUTH DAKOtA
090491
1 1EPALES
00R5 FEET
2111202
DEPTH CLASS 00
00010
00300
00077
00094
00400
00410
00610
00625
00630
00671
DATE
TIME DEPTH
MATER
00
TRANSP
CNOUCTVV
PH
T
ALK
NH3—N
TOT KJEL
N02&N03
PHOS—DIS
FROM
OF
TEMP
SECCHI
FIELD
CACO3
TOTAL
N
N—TOTAL
ORTHO
TO
DAY
FEET
CENT
‘4G/L
INCHES
HICROMMO
SU
MG/L
MG/L
MG/L
MG/L
MG/L P
74/04/25
09
00 0000
6.8
312
232
148
0.020
0.200K
0.040
0.005
09
00 0005
6.8
10.4
230
149
0.030
0.200K
0.060
0.005
09
00 0030
6.2
10.4
229
149
0.020
0.200
0.040
0.004
09
00 0060
5.1
10.0
220
147
0.040
0.200K
0.060
0.004
09
00 0080
5.0
9.8
220
149
0.020
0.200K
0.050
0.003
74/07/15
12
30 0000
21.7
7.0
288
358
8.40
161
0.060
0.500
0.070
0.048
12
30 0005
21.4
7.6
356
8.30
158
0.040
0.200K
0.050
0.042
12
30 0015
20.8
7.4
350
8.30
159
0.050
0.200K
0.060
0.059
12
30 0030
16.7
8.0
324
8.20
162
0.040
0.200K
0.050
12
30 0043
10.8
8.8
283
8.10
147
0.040
0.200K
0.030
0.007
12
30 0070
8.2
7.2
263
8.00
123
0.060
0.200K
0.030
0.003
74/09/12
13
25 0000
16.3
8.0
340
293
8.15
164
0.020K
0.400
0.020
0.004
13
25 0005
16.3
7.8
295
8.20
165
0.020K
0.200K
0.020
0.007
13
?5 0015
16.3
8.0
292
8.17
165
0.020K
0.200K
0.020K
0.006
13
25 0030
16.3
8.0
292
8.14
166
0.020K
0.200K
0.020K
0.006
13
25 0045
15.5
7.0
295
7.98
173
0.020K
0.200K
0.020K
0.005
13
25 0055
11.9
5.4
263
7.61
173
0.020
0.200K
0.040
0.009
13
25 0063
10.0
5.2
252
7.59
173
0.020K
0.200K
0.OSO
0.007
K VALUE PSNOW J TO dE
LESS THAN INDICATED
-------
STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 76/05/33
462002
‘.4. 04 28.0 103 30 40.0 3
PACTOLA R SERVOIP
46103 S0UT i UAI(O1A
090’.’41
1.1EPALES 2111202
0o 5 FEET DEPTN CLASS 00
00665 32217 00031
DATE TIME DEPTH PNOSTOI CHLRPMYL INCDT LI
FROM OF A REMNING
TO DAY FEET MG/L P UG/L PERCENT
74/04/25 09 00 0000 0.010 1.9
09 00 0005 o.ooa
09 00 0030 0.009
09 00 0060 0.008 1.0
09 00 0080 0.007
74/07/15 12 30 0000 0.050 1.3
12 30 0003 50.0
12 30 0005 0.082
12 30 0015 0.066
12 30 0030 0.056
12 30 0043 0.059 1.0
12 30 0070 0.064
74/09/12 13 25 0000 0.009 0.6
13 25 0005 0.008
13 25 0015 0.008
13 25 0030 0.007
13 25 0045 0.011
13 25 0055 0.009
13 25 0063 0.009
-------
STOPET RETRIEVAL DATE 76/05/03
462003
44 34 52.0 103 32 28.0 3
PACTOLA RESERVOIR
46103 SOuT l DA cO1A
090491
1LEPALES 2111202
0030 FEET DEPTH CLASS 00
00010 00300 00077 00094 00400 00410 00610 00625 00630 00671
DATE TIME DEPTH WATER 00 TRANSP CNDUCTVY P 14 1 ALK NH3—N TOT KJEL N02€.N03 PMOSDIS
FROM OF TEMP SECCP4I FIELO CACO3 TOTAL N N—TOTAL ORTHO
TO OAY FEET CENT MG/I INCHES MICROMMO SU 146/L P4&/L MG/L MG/L MG/I P
74/04/25 09 40 0000 8.0 108 250 166 0.040 0.200 0.110 0.010
09 40 0005 7.6 10.2 242 155 0.040 0.200K 0.090 0.005
09 40 0015 6.8 10.2 240 153 0.020 0.200K 0.050 0.004
09 40 0025 6.4 9.8 240 157 0.030 0.300 0.070 0.007
74/07/15 13 Os 0000 22.0 7.4 156 365 8.30 159 0.050 0.200 0.060 0.038
13 05 0005 21.7 7.6 362 8.30 157 0.040 0.200K 0.070
13 05 0010 21.3 7.0 363 8.20 162 0.030 0.200K 0.050 0.055
13 05 0016 20.6 6.4 373 8.10 167 0.060 0.200K 0.070 0.052
74/09/12 14 00 0000 16.0 8.6 132 293 8.19 174 0.020K 0.200K 0.020K 0.002
14 00 0005 15.8 8.4 295 8.25 175 0.020K 0.500 0.020K 0.006
14 00 0010 15.4 8.4 293 8.25 176 0.020K 0.200K 0.020K 0.006
14 00 0017 11.3 9.0 281 8.29 194 0.020 0.200K 0.020K 0.004
00665 32217 00031
DATE TIME DEPTH P1105—TOT CHLRPHYL INCOT LI
FROM OF A REMNING
TO DAY FEET MG/L P UG/L PERCENT
74/04/25 09 40 0000 0.015 1.9
09 40 0035 0.011
09 40 0015 0.011
09 40 0025 0.059 1.0
74/07/15 13 05 0000 0.055 2.2
13 05 0001 50.0
13 05 0005 0.060
13 05 0010 0.056
13 05 0016 0.059
13 05 0020 1.0
74/09/12 14 00 0000 0.007 0.6
14 00 0005 0.010
14 00 0010 0.010
14 00 0017 0.020
K VALUE KN0W J TO BE
LESS THAN INDICATED
-------
APPENDIX E
TRIBUTARY DATA
-------
ST3RET METRIEVAL DATE 76/OSlO’
‘ .62C Al
‘.4 0’ . 36.0 103 28 5 ’ ..O 4
RAPID CREErs
46 7.5 PACTOLA DAM
0/PACTOLA RESE? O1A O90” 1
RDG ON DIRT RD .2 MI BELOw PACTOLA L)AM
11EPALES 2111204
0000 FEET DEPTH CLASS 00
00630 00625 00610 00671 00665
DATE TIME DEPTH NO2 NO3 TOT PcJEL Nr-13-N PHOS—DIS PHOSTOT
FROM OF N—TOTAL N TOTAL ORTHO
TO DAY FEET PIG/L HG/L HG/L MG/L P MG/L P
74/10/12 10 30 0.096 0.300 0.040 0.010 0.010
74/11/lb o 0.024 0.700 0.100 0.005 0.005
74/12/14 13 00 0.016 0.700 0.005 0.010K
75/01/25 09 00 0.040 0.600 0.032 0.00 t( 0.010K
75/03/15 12 20 0.064 0.400 0.056 0.008K 0.010
75/04/12 12 00 0.040 0.950 0.040 0.010 0.010
75/05/29 11 30 0.030 0.350 0.035 0.005K 0.010K
75/06/16 09 00 0.025 0.600 0.040 0.005K 0.020
K VALUE KNOWN TO BE
LESS THAN INDICATED
-------
STJ ET RETP1E AL DATE 76/05/04
‘.6 0A2
44 05 15.0 103 34 20.0 4
RAPID CR cK
46 7.5 SILVE CITY
T/P. CTULA PE$E VO1 090’ .9l
ROG ON LHT DrY RD .7 H NW OF SILVER CTY
1LEPALE.S 211120 ’
0000 FEET DEPTH CLASS 00
00630 00625 00610 00671 00665
DATE TIME DEPTH M02&N03 TOT KJEL NH3—N PHOS—DIS PPIOS—TOT
FROM OF N—TOTAL N TOTAL ORTHO
TO DAY FEET MG/L MG/L MG/L MG/L P MG/L P
74/10/12 11 00 0.016 0.200 0.015 0.005 0.065
7 /12/14 12 20 0.072 0.600 0.010 0.005 0.010k
75/01/25 09 30 0.112 0.400 0.024 0.008K 0.010K
75/03/15 12 45 0.120 0.600 0.024 0.008K 0.020
75/04/12 12 25 0.140 0.700 0.010 0.010 0.030
75/05/29 10 00 0.045 0.850 ).025 0.005 0.150
75/06/16 10 00 u.035 1.250 0.015 0.005 0.160
K VALUE KNOWN TO BE
LESS THAN INDICATED
-------
S1JRET RETRIEVAL DATE 76/05/04
‘.620C 1
‘.4 05 10.0 103 48 00.0 4
N FORK CASTLE CREEK
‘ .6 7.5 DEERFILLO
t/Pj CTOLA RESERVUI 090491
SEC r O BRDi JUST NE OF REYNOLDS RA( .C-4
11EPALES 2111204
0000 FEET DEPT-i CLASS 00
00630 00625 00610 00671 00665
DATE TIME DEPTH N02&N03 TOT KJEL NrI3N Pr-tOS—DIS P iOS—T0T
FROM OF N—TOTAL N TOTAL ORTr1O
TO DAY FEET MG/L HG/L MG/L HG/L MG/L P
7’./10/12 12 05 0.008 0.300 0.010 0.005K 0.025
74/11/09 12 30 0.02’. 0.200 0.025 0.010 0.010
74/12/07 09 10 0.056 0.500 0.005 0.005K 0.030
75/01/18 09 15 0.088 0.900 0.016 0.008K
75/02/09 13 30 0.096 0.450 0.032 0.008K 0.025
75/03/IS 10 20 0.092 0.200 0.016 0.008K 0.030
75/04/12 0.330 0.700 0.025 0.010 0.030
75/04/30 19 45 0.300 0.450 0.085 0.020 0.050
75/05/16 15 25 0.105 0.300 0.020 0.010 0.030
75/06/04 14 00 0.035 0.700 0.015 0.005K 0.020
75/06/15 11 00 0.010 0.800 0.00 5K 0.005 0.040
75/07/12 14 10 0.020 0.350 0.030 0.010 0.030
75/08/28 18 55 0.010 0.750 0.015 0.005 0.030
75/09/21 0.020 0.800 0.005 0.005K 0.030
K VALUE KNOWN TO BE
LESS THAN INDICATED
-------
ST3 ET ET 1EVAL DATE 76/0S/,
4’ 07 25.) 103 41 50.0 4
SIL E- CP EEK
46 7. ROCriFO t)
T/ A TOLA ESE VUIr 090491
SEC D XINC, 1.2 MI E OF OCiiFORD
11EPALES 2111204
0000 Fc T DEPTPi CLASS 00
00630 00625 00610 00671 00665
DATE TIME DEPTH NO2 .NO3 TOT KJEL Nr 3—N PrsOS—DIS PIIOSTOT
FROM OF N—TOTAL N TOTAL ORT H)
TO OM FEET HG/L MG/L MG/L MG/L I MG/L P
74/10/12 12 os 0.096 0.200 0.010 0.00Sr 0.005
74/11/16 10 so 0 ,128 0.100 0.025 0.005K 0.005K
74/12/14 1’. 45 0.128 0.400 0.020 0.005K 0.010K
15/01/25 10 45 0.144 0.100 0.008 0.008K 0.010K
15/03/15 13 45 0.204 0.325 0.016 0.008K 0.030
i ioa/12 13 35 0.195 1.100 0.015 0.005 0.010
1S/0S/2’ 11 00 0.070 0.150 0.015 0.005K 0.010
75/06/16 11 00 0.075 0.200 0.005 0.005K 0.020
K VALUE rcNO N TO t E
LESS THAN INDICATED
-------
ST)RET RETRIEVAL DATE 76/05/04
4620E 1
‘.4 3 25.0 103 38 40.0 4
GIMLcJ CRtE c
46 7.5 OCr4F3 O
T/P TOL4 ESE VUIr O904 1
SEC - D XI G 5 MI E OF r4OCrIFORO
11E ALtS 2111204
0000 FEET D tri CLASS 00
00630 00625 00610 00671 00665
DATE TIME DEPTPI N02 .NO3 TOT KJEL NM3—N PriOS-DIS r’OS—TOT
F . OM OF N—TOTAL N TOTAL CJRTriO
TO OAY FEET MG/L MG/L MO/L MG/L P MG/L P
15/04/12 14 03 0.240 0.800 0.OôO 0.020 0.040
75/05/29 12 00 0.010 0.100 0.015 0.010 0.010
75/06/16 12 00 0.005 0.400 0.020 0.015 0.015
-------
STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 76/05/04
4620F A
44 00 15.0 103 42 25.0 4
SLATE CREEtc
46 7.5 ROChFO D
T/PACTOLA RESE VUI 090491
SEC r D BROG .7 M l £ OF SLATE PRAIRIE Ci-1R
11EPAL S 211120’.
0000 FEET DEPTH CLASS 03
00630 00625 00610 00671 00665
DATE TIME DEPTH N02&N03 TOT IcJEL NH3—N PriOS—DIS PHOS—TOT
FROM OF N—TOTAL N TOTAL (JRTHO
TO DAY FEET MG/L MG/L MG/L PIG/L P MG/L P
74/10/12 I I 15 0.024 0.250 0.015 0.010 0.020
74/11/09 12 00 0.032 0.400 0.025 0.020 0.020
74/12/07 08 05 0.064 0.800 0.017 0.010 0.020
75/04/30 18 25 0.345 0.450 0.050 0.035 0.060
75/05/16 15 00 0.010 0.500 0.030 0.010 0.020
75/06/04 13 00 0.015 0.550 0.025 0.010 0.040
75/06/15 10 30 0.010 0.450 0.02(1 0.020 0.040
75/07/12 13 25 0.005 0.400 0.015 0.020 0.030
75/08/28 17 15 0.015 0.250 0.010 0.010 0.010
75/09/21 0.015 0.400 0.005 0.005K 0.060
K VALUE KNOWN TO BE
LESS THAN INDICATED
------- |