U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NATIONAL EUTROPHICATION SURVEY
WORKING PAPER SERIES
REPORT
ON
HARRIMAN RESERVOIR
WIIDHrY'1 COUNTY
VERHONT
EPA REGION I
WORKING PAPER No, 20
PACIFIC NORTHWEST ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY
An Associate Laboratory of the
NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH CENTER - CORVALLIS, OREGON
and
NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH CENTER - LAS VEGAS, NEVADA
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REPORT
ON
mm RESERVOIR
WINDHAf-i COUNTY
VERMONT
EPA REGION I
WORKING PAPER No, 20
WITH THE COOPERATION OF THE
VERMONT AGENCY OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION
AND THE
VERMONT NATIONAL GUARD
SEPTEMBER, 1974
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CONTENTS
Page
Foreword 11
List of Vermont Study Lakes
Lake and Drainage Area Map V
Sections
I. Conclusions 1
II. Introduction 4
III. Lake and Drainage Basin Characteristics 6
IV. Lake Water Quality Summary 7
V. Nutrient Loadings 12
VI. Literature Reviewed 21
VI I. Appendices 22
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FOREWORD
The National Eutrophication Survey was initiated in 1972 in
response to an Administration commitment to investigate the nation-
wide threat of accelerated eutrophication to fresh water lakes and
reservoirs.
OBJECTIVES
The Survey was designed to develop, in conjunction with state
environmental agencies, information on nutrient sources, concentrations,
and impact on selected freshwater lakes as a basis for formulating
comprehensive and coordinated national , regional, and state management
practices relating to point-source discharge reduction and non-point
source pollution abatement in lake watersheds.
ANALYTIC APPROACH
The mathematical and statistical procedures selected for the
Survey’s eutrophication analysis are based on related concepts that:
a. A generalized representation or model relating
sources, concentrations, and impacts can be constructed.
b. By applying measurements of relevant parameters
associated with lake degradation, the generalized model
can be transformed into an operational representation of
a lake, its drainage basin, and related nutrients.
c. With such a transformation, an assessment of the
potential for eutrophication control can be made.
LAKE ANALYSIS
In this report, the first stage of evaluation of lake and water-
shed data collected from the study lake and its drainage basin is
documented. The report is formatted to provide state environmental
agencies with specific information for basin planning [ 3O3(e)], water
quality criteria/standards review [ 3O3(c)], clean lakes [ 3l4(a,b)],
and water quality monitoring [ lO6 and §305(b)] activities mandated
by the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972.
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Beyond the single lake analysis, broader based correlations
between nutrient concentrations (and loading) and trophic condi-
tion are being made to advance the rationale and data base for
refinement of nutrient water quality criteria for the Nation’s
fresh water lakes. Likewise, multivariate evaluations for the
relationships between land use, nutrient export, and trophic
condition, by lake class or use, are being developed to assist
in the formulation of planning guidelines and policies by EPA
and to augment plans implementation by the states.
AC KNOWLEDGMENT
The staff of the National Eutrophication Survey (Office of
Research & Development, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency)
expresses sincere appreciation to the Vermont Agency of Environ-
mental Conservation for professional involvement and to the Vermont
National Guard for conduct of the tributary sampling phase of the
Survey.
Martin L. Johnson, Secretary of the Vermont Agency of Environmental
Conservation; Gordon R. Ryper, Commissioner of the Water Quality
Division; David L. dough, Director, James W. Morse II, Biologist, and
Wally McLean, Sanitary Engineer, of the Water Quality Division, provided
invaluable lake documentation and counsel during the study. Reginald
A. LaRosa, Director of the Water Supply and Pollution Control Division,
and James F. Agan, Chief of the Operations Section, Environmental Engineering
Division, were most helpful in arranging for the sampling of wastewater
treatment plants involved in the Survey.
Major General Reginald M. Cram, the Adjutant General of Vermont,
and Project Officer Major Howard Buxton, who directed the volunteer
efforts of the Vermont National Guardsmen, are also gratefully
acknowledged for their assistance to the Survey.
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iv
LAKE NAME
Arrowhead Mountain Lake
Clyde Pond
Harriman Reservoir
Lake Champlain
Lake Lamoille
Lake Memphremagog
Waterbury Reservoir
COUNTY
Chittenden, Franklin
Orleans
Windham
Addison, Chittenden,
Franklin
Lamoille
On eans
Washington, Lamoille
NATIONAL EUTROPHICATION SURVEY
STUDY LAKES
STATE OF VERMONT
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HARRIMAN RESERVOIR
• Tributary Sampling Site
Sodawago
Lok.
Lake Sampling Site
Sewage Treatment Facility
Direct Drainage Area Limits
9
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HARRIMAN RESERVOIR
STORET NO. 5005
I. CONCLUSIONS
A. Trophic Condition:
Harriman Reservoir is mesotrophic as evidenced by low chloro-
phyll a values, relatively good Secchi disc transparency, minimal
occurrences of algal blooms and rooted aquatic vegetation, and
some depression but no depletion of dissolved oxygen in the
hypol imnion.
Nutrient concentrations in the reservoir were relatively low
with total phosphorus not exceeding 0.017 mg/i and inorganic
nitrogen not exceeding 0.520 mg/i in any of the samples (to 135
feet in depth). The algal assay tests indicate the potential
primary productivity in Harriman Reservoir was quite low.
B. Rate-Limiting Nutrient:
The algal assay test indicates the rate—limiting nutrient
in Harriman Reservoir was phosphorus at the time the assay sam-
ple was collected. The nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratios observed
during lake sampling indicate phosphorus limitation at the other
sampling times as well.
C. Nutrient Controllability:
1 . Point sources—-During the sampling year, Harriman Reser-
voir received a total phosphorus load at a rate less than that
proposed by Vollenweider (in press) as “dangerous” but greater
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than his “permissible” rate (i.e., a mesotrophic rate; see page
18). Of this load, it is estimated that the comunities of Wil-
mington and West Dover collectively contributed about 26%.
At this time, West Dover is converting to a spray irrigation
disposal system, and the waste treatment facilities of Wilmington
are under review by the Vermont Agency of Environmental Conserva-
tion.
It is calculated that the removal of the West Dover phosphorus
load by spray irrigation will reduce the phosphorus loading rate
from the existing 0.88 g/m 2 /yr to 0.78 g/m 2 /yr and thus will pro-
vide some protection of the mesotrophic condition of Harriman
Reservoir.
While it does not appear that there will be an urgent need
for phosphorus removal facilities at Wilmington once the West
Dover irrigation system becomes operational , it is likely that
such facilities will eventually be needed to protect the reser-
voir because of the near-certain future expansion of recreational
uses and facilities in the drainage.
2. Non-point sources--The mean annual phosphorus export of
the Sadawaga Lake outlet was significantly higher than the exports
of the other Harriman Reservoir tributaries. This is probably
due to discharges from private disposal systems in the unincor-
porated community of Whitingham, and a need for further study is
indicated.
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The phosphorus exports of the Deerfield River and Binney
Brook compare favorably with the exports of other unimpacted
Vermont streams studied.
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II. INTRODUCTION
Harriman Reservoir is located in the southernmost portion of Vermont,
just north of the Vermont-Massachusetts state line, in Windham County (see
map, page v). Harriman Reservoir is owned and operated by the New England
Power Company and is used as a water storage basin for hydroelectric power
generation, but access is provided to the public for recreational use. The
outflow from the reservoir depends upon the demands for electricity, and
this results in major fluctuations of reservoir water levels. The varia-
bility of water level is said to be the greatest hindrance to developing
the full sport-fishing and recreational potential of Harriman Reservoir
(Biggins, 1971).
Sport fish present in Harriman Reservoir include brown trout, rainbow
trout, lake trout, smallmouth bass, chain pickerel, and panfish. Biggins
(op. cit.) indicated that despite the variable water levels, Harriman Res-
ervoir is a productive fishery resource and has good water quality.
Thermal stratification develops in the summer; however, dissolved
oxygen is not depleted in the hypolimnion. Planktonic algae blooms are
not at the nuisance level , and aquatic macrophyte growths do not occur
to a great extent in the littoral zone (possibly because of the fluctu-
ations in water level).
The watershed consists of rolling hills to mountainous terrain, and
the vegetative cover is mixed soft and hardwood forests and farmlands. The
area receives very heavy recreation use, particularly in the wintertime
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when from 8,000 to 12,000 week-end visitors crowd the area to ski and
participate in other winter sports.
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III. LAKE AND DRAINAGE BASIN CHARACTERISTICS
A. Lake Morphometry:
1. Surface area: 2,184 acres.
2. Mean depth: 34 feet.
3. Maximum depth: 170 feet.
4. Volume: 74,256 acre/feet.
5. Mean hydraulic retention time: 78 days.
B. Tributary and Outlet:
(See Appendix A for flow data)
1 . Tributaries -
Name
Deerfield River
North Branch, Deerfield River
Binney Brook
Sadawaga Lake outlet
Minor tributaries &
immediate drainage -
Totals
2. Outlet -
Deerfield River
C. Precipitation tt :
1. Year of sampling: 58.0 inches.
2. Mean annual: 35.9 inches.
Drainage area**
97.7 mi
50.4 mi
3.6 mi 2
2.8 ml
29.9 mi 2
184.4 mi 2
187.8 mi 2
Mean flow**
250.3 cfs
129.1 cfs
9.3 cfs
7.3 cfs
85.2 cfs
481.2 cfs
481.2 cfs’
* At maximum pool level.
** Drainage areas are accurate within ±1%; gaged flows are accurate
within ±15%; and ungaged flows are accurate within ±20%.
t Includes area of lake; outflow adjusted to equal sum of inflows.
tt See Working Paper No. 1, “Survey Methods”.
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IV. LAKE WATER QUALITY SUMMARY
Harriman Reservoir was sampled three times during the open-water
season of 1972 by means of a pontoon-equipped Huey helicopter. Each
time, samples for physical and chemical parameters were collected from
two stations on the reservoir and from a number of depths at each sta-
tion (see map, page v) . During each visit, a single depth-integrated
(15 feet or near bottom to surface) sample was composited from the sta-
tions for phytoplankton identification and enumeration; and during the
last visit, a single five-gallon depth-integrated sample was collected
from station 1 for algal assays. Also each time, a depth-integrated
sample was collected from each of the stations for chlorophyll a analysis.
The maximum depths sampled were 135 feet at station 1 and 13 feet at sta-
tion 2.
The results obtained are presented in full in Appendix B, and the
data for the fall sampling period, when the lake was essentially well-
mixed, are summarized below. Note, however, the Secchi disc summary is
based on all values.
For differences in the various parameters at the other sampling
times, refer to Appendix B.
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A. Physical and chemical characteristics:
FALL VALUES
(10/04/72)
Parameter Minimum Mean Median Maximum
Temperature (Cent.) 5.0 12.5 15.5 16.8
Dissolved oxygen (mg/i) 3.6 6.6 7.i 8.1
Conductivity (iimhos) 50 50 50 50
pH (units) 5.6 6.3 6.3 6.8
Alkalinity (mg/i) 10 i O 10 10
Total P (mg/i) 0.005 0.008 0.008 0.012
Dissolved P (mg/i) 0.003 0.006 0.006 0.008
NO + NO (mg/i) O.iiO 0.210 0.165 0.430
Arm onia ?mg/i) 0.OiO 0.081 0.070 0.200
ALL VALUES
Secchi disc (inches) 108 ill 108 120
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9
B. Biological Characteristics:
1 . Phytoplankton -
Sampling Dominant Number
Date Genera per ml
05/30/72 1. Dinobryon 922
2. Anabaena 63
3. Stephanodiscus 50
4. Tabellaria 23
5. Ankistrodesmus 14
Other genera 31
Total 1,103
07/31/72 1. Dinobryon 213
2. Merismopedia 184
3. Gloeocapsa 98
4. Oocystis 22
5. Cryptomonas 18
Other genera 44
Total 579
10/04/72 1. Dinobryon 93
2. Merismopedia 88
3. Cryptomonas 46
4. Stephanodiscus 16
5. Chroococcus 15
Other genera 37
Total 295
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2. Chlorophyll a -
(Because of instrumentation problems during the 1972 sampling,
the following values may be in error by plus or minus 20 percent.)
Sampling Station Chlorophyll a
Date Number ( pg/l )
05/30/72 01 0.7
02 1.3
07/31/72 01
02
01 1.9
02 2.3
Maximum yield
__________ ________ ________ mg/l-dry wt. )
0.1
0.1
0.2
3.4
3.8
22.6
0.1
10/04/72
2.6
1.8
C. Limiting Nutrient Study:
1. Autoclaved, filtered, and nutrient spiked -
Ortho P Inorganic N
Spike (mg/l) Conc. (mg/i) Conc. (mg/i ) _____________
Control 0.002 0.200
0.006 P 0.008 0.200
0.012 P 0.014 0.200
0.024 P 0.026 0.200
0.060 P 0.062 0.200
0.060 P + 10.0 N 0.062 10.200
10.0 N 0.002 10.200
2. Discussion -
The control yield of the test alga, Selenastrum capri-
cornutum , indicates that the productivity of Harriman Reser-
voir was quite low at the time the sample was collected.
The response to spikes of phosphorus indicates that
Harriman Reservoir productivity was limited by phosphorus at
the time of sampling (note the lack of response when only
nitrogen was added). This conclusion is substantiated by
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field data, collected at the same time, which indicate that
the nitrogen-phosphorus ratio was greater than 14 to 1 (i.e.,
phosphorus limitation would be expected).
D. Trophic Condition:
The Survey data indicate that Harriman Reservoir is mesotrophic.
The EPA field limnologists did not observe any algal blooms or sig-
nificant amounts of emergent aquatic vegetation. They noted that
the reservoir appearance was good.
Chlorophyll a values were low (mean of 1 .8 g/l), Secchi disc
readings were relatively good, and nitrogen and phosphorus concen-
trations were quite low (this was reflected in the low numbers of
phytoplankton). Phytoplankton populations were dominated by the
Chrysophycean genus Dinobryon , although Myxophycean (blue-green)
genera were present during each sampling.
Dissolved oxygen concentrations in the hypolimnion remained
high (6.9 mg/i at i35 feet) during stratification.
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V. NUTRIENT LOADINGS
(See Appendix C for data)
For the determination of nutrient loadings, the Vermont National
Guard collected monthly near-surface grab samples from each of the
tributary sites indicated on the map (page v), except for the high
runoff months of April and May when two samples were collected, and
the colder months when ice cover prevented sampling at some of the
stations. National Guard sampling was begun in July, 1972, and was
completed in July, 1973. However, the sizable portion of the outflow
of Harriman Reservoir that passes through the Harriman Power Plant
of the New England Power Company was not sampled during the above samp-
ling year. Consequently, personnel of the Vermont Department of Water
Resources made arrangements with the Company for the collection of a
series of twice—monthly grab samples of the flows through the plant.
This sampling was begun in January and was completed in April, 1974
(the results are included in Appendix C, but the mean outlet total
phosphorus concentration is the same, and the mean outlet total nitro-
gen concentration is essentially the same, whether the results of the
power plant sampling are included or not; consequently, the mean nu-
trient concentrations obtained during the year of sampling were used
in loading calculations).
Through an interagency agreement, stream flow estimates for the year
of sampling and a “normalized” or average year were provided by the New
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England District Office of the U.S. Geological Survey for the tributary
sites nearest the lake.
Except for the North Branch of the Deerfield River, nutrient loads
for sampled tributaries were calculated using mean annual concentrations
and mean annual flows. Nutrient loadings for the North Branch and the
unsampled “minor tributaries and immediate drainage” (“U” of U.S.G.S.)
were estimated by using the mean of the nutrient loads, in lbs/mi 2 /year,
at stations 22, 31, and 41 and multiplying the means by the North Branch
and U areas in mi 2 .
As noted before, the Harriman area is a highly popular winter recre-
ation area; and on winter week-ends, as well as during the weeks of Christ-
mas and Washington’s birthday (50 days total), 8,000 or more winter sports-
enthusiasts crowd the area. The additional nutrient loads to municipal and
private wastewater treatment systems or direct discharges from these in-
fluxes of visitors were not measured by Survey sampling, since both the
wastewater treatment plant samples and the tributary samples were routinely
collected once a month on week days (as was done at the other water bodies
studied during 1972-73).
Because of the unmeasured seasonal loads, the non-representative waste
treatment plant and North Branch tributary sampling, and the direct discharges
in Dover Township, point-source nutrient loads to Harriman Reservoir had to
be estimated. Also, because of hydraulic overloads, the treatment plant loads
were calculated at 3.5 lbs P and 9.4 lbs N/capita/yr, as were the direct
discharge loads.
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The following table shows the estimates of permanent and seasonal
contributing populations provided by personnel of the Vermont Department
of Water Resources.
ESTIMATES OF CONTRIBUTING POPULATIONS,
HARRIMAN RESERVOIR DRAINAGE*
NUMBER
PERMANENT RESIDENTS SERVED
West Dover waste treatment system 100
Wilmington waste treatment system 700
Estimated number of persons discharging
directly in Dover Township 150
Estimated number of persops using septic tanks 1 ,36O
NUMBER FULL-YEAR
ADDITIONAL WINTER RESIDENTS (50 days) SERVED EQUIV .
West Dover waste treatment system 200 27
Wilmington waste treatment system 250 34
Estimated number of persons discharging
directly in Dover Township 2,000 274
Estimated number of persons using septic tanks 6,750 925
The operators of the Wilmington and West Dover (North Branch Fire
District #1) wastewater treatment plants provided once-a-month effluent
samples and corresponding flow data; and, though not used in estimating
loadings, the results are included in Appendix C.
* McLean, 1974.
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A. Waste Sources:
1. Known municipal -
Pop. Mean Receiving
Name Served* Treatment Flow (mgd) Water
Wilmington 700 Clarigester 0.058 North Branch,
Deerfield River
West Dover 100 trickling 0.016 North Branch,
filter Deerfield River
2. Known industrial - None
* Estimated permanent population.
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B. Annual Total Phosphorus Loading - Average Year:
1 . Inputs -
lbsP/ %of
Source yr total
a. Tributaries (non—point load) -
Deerfield River 4,430 25.8
N. Br., Deerfield River 4,220 24.6
Binney Brook 200 1.2
Sadawaga Lake outlet 420 2.4
b. Minor tributaries & immediate
drainage (non-point load) - 2,500 14.6
c. Known municipal -
Wilmington 2,570 15.0
West Dover 1,930 11.2
d. Septic tanks* - 570 3.3
e. Known industrial - None - -
f. Direct precipitation** - 340 1.9
Total 17,180 100.0
2. Outputs -
Lake outlet - Deerfield River 14,210
3. Net annual P accumulation - 2,970 pounds
*T imated 2,285 (equivalent) residents on septic tanks in drainage;
see Working Paper No. 1.
** Estimated; see Working Paper No. 1
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C. Annual Total Nitrogen Loading - Average Year:
1 . Inputs -
lbsN/ %of
Source yr total
a. Tributaries (non-point load) -
Deerfield River 420,310 50.9
N. Br., Deerfield River 204,960 24.8
Binney Brook 11 ,300 1 .4
Sadawaga Lake outlet 13,350 1 .6
b. Minor tributaries & imediate
drainage (non-point load) - 121 ,590 14.7
c. Known municipal STP’s -
Wilmington 6,900 0.8
West Dover 5,180 0.6
d. Septic tanks* - 21,480 2.6
e. Known industrial - None - —
f. Direct precipitation** - 21 ,040 2.6
Total 826,110 100.0
2. Outputs -
Lake outlet - Deerfield River 686,800
3. Net annual N accumulation - 139,310 pounds
* Estimated 2,285 (equivalent) residents on septic tanks in drainage;
see Working Paper No. 1.
** Estimated; see Working Paper No. 1.
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D. Mean Annual Non-point Nutrient Export by Subdrainage Area:
Tributary lbs P/mi 2 /yr lbs N/mi 2 /yr
Deerfield River 45 4,293
Binney Brook 56 3,139
Sadawaga Lake outlet 150 4,768
E. Yearly Loading Rates:
In the following table, the existing phosphorus loading
rates are compared to those proposed by Vollenweider (in press).
Essentially, his “dangerous” rate is the rate at which the
receiving waters would become eutrophic or remain eutrophic; his
“permissible” rate is that which would result in the receiving
water remaining oligotrophic or becoming oligotrophic if mor-
phometry permitted. A mesotrophic rate would be considered one
between “dangerous” and “permissible”.
Total Phosphorus Total Nitrogen
Units Total Accumulated Total Accumulated
lbs/acr /yr 7.9 1.4 378.3 63.8
grams/rn /yr 0.88 0.15 42.4 7.1
Volle weider loading rates for phosphorus
(g/m /yr) based on mean depth and mean
hydraulic retention time of Harriman Reservoir:
“Dangerous” (eutrophic rate) 1.32
“Permissible” (oligotrophic rate) 0.66
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F. Controllability of Nutrients:
1. Point sources--During the sampling year, Harriman
Reservoir received a total phosphorus load at a rate of 7.9
lbs/acre/yr or 0.88 g/m 2 /yr (a mesotrophic rate). Of this
load, it is estimated that the communities of Wilmington and
West Dover contributed about 26%.
At this time, the waste treatment facilities of West Dover
are being converted to a spray-irrigation system with no dis-
charge to the North Branch of the Deerfield River, and the
waste treatment facilities of Wilmington are being studied by
the Vermont Agency of Environmental Conservation (Morse, 1974).
It is calculated that the removal of the West Dover phos-
phorus load will reduce the loading rate from the existing 7.9
lbs/acre/yr (0.88 g/m 2 /yr) to 7.0 lbs/acre/yr (0.78 g/m 2 /yr)
and thus provide some protection of the mesotrophic condition
of Harriman Reservoir.
When the West Dover irrigation system becomes operational
it appears there will not be an immediate need for phosphorus
removal at Wilmington. However, it is likely that removal
facilities eventually will be needed to protect Harriman Reser-
voir because of the near-certain expansion of recreational
facilities and increased recreational uses in the drainage.
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With existing nutrient loadings, it is calculated that the
provision of 80% phosphorus removal at Wilmington would reduce
the loading rate to 0.68 g/m 2 /yr, or very near an oligotrophic
rate.
2. Non-point sources--The mean annual phosphorus exports
of the Deerfield River and Binney Brook compare favorably with
the exports of unimpacted Vermont streams studied elsewhere in
which the mean P-export was 52 lbs/mi 2 /yr and the range was from
30 to 65 lbs/mi 2 /yr. The much higher export of the Sadawaga Lake
outlet is probably due to discharges from private disposal systems
in the unincorporated community of Whitingham.
The favorable drainage area/lake area ratio of 55/1 dimini-
shes the possible impact of non-point sources which may not be
amenable to control.
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VI. LITERATURE REVIEWED
Anonymous, 1960. Deerfield River drainage basin, including the
Green River and the East Branch of the North River, Bennington
and Windham counties. Staff Report, VT Water Cons. Bd., Montpelier.
Anonymous, 1970. Number of inhabitants-Vermont; 1970 census of popu-
lation. U.S. Dept. Commerce, Wash., 0. C.
Biggins, Richard C., 1971. Fishery resources of Harriman Reservoir.
VT Dept. Fish & Game, Montpelier.
Gormsen, Paul J., 1973. Treatment plant questionnaires (Wilmington
and West Dover STP’s). VT Dept. Water Resources, Montpelier.
McLean, Wallace M., 1974. Personal communication (estimates of
numbers of winter visitors; per-capita nutrient contributions).
VT Dept. Water Resources, Montpelier.
Morse, James W., II, 1974. Personal communication (status of Wil-
mington and West Dover STP’s). VT Dept. Water Resources,
Montpel ier.
Vollenweider, Richard A., (in press). Input-output models. Schweiz
A. Hydrol.
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VII. APPENDICES
APPENDIX A
TRIBUTARY FLOW DATA
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TRI8tJTARY FLOW INFORMATION FOR VFRMONT 7/9/74
LAKE COOE 5005 HARRIMAN RESERVOIR
TOTAL DRAINAGE AREA QF LAKE 188.00
SUB— 1RAINAU NORMALIZED FLOWS
TOI81JTA Y A9’ JA J FFB MAR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC MEAN
5005/7 33.70 70.40 5.10 129.00 284.00 136.00 51.80 22.90 18.30 34.90 45.80 92.30 82.30 85.15
5005?? 97.70 207.00 16?.00 379.00 834.00 400.00 152.00 67.40 53.70 103.00 135.00 272.00 242.00 250.34
500521 50.40 107.00 83.70 196.00 430.00 206.00 78.60 34.80 27.70 52.90 69.60 140.00 125.00 129.14
50052 . 188.00 399.00 312.00 729.00 1610.00 769.00 293.00 130.00 103.00 197.00 259.00 523.00 466.00 482.00
SOOS lI 7.70 6.00 14.10 31.00 14.90 5.70 2.50 2.00 3.80 5.00 10.10 9.00 9.30
500541 2. 44 6.00 4.70 11.00 24.30 11.60 4.40 2.00 1.60 3.00 3.90 7.90 7.00 7.28
SUMMARY
TOTAL DRAINAGE AREA OF LAKE = 188.00 TOTAL FLOW IN = 5780.26
SUM OF SUB—DRAINAGE AREAS = 187.77 TOTAL FLOW OUT = 5790.00
MEAN MOMTHLY FLOWS 4N0 ‘)AILY FLOWS
TRIRUTARY MONT.- YFAR MEAN FLOW DAY FLOW DAY FLOW DAY FLOW
SO O SZZ 7 7 46.00
8 72 19.P0
9 7?
10 7’ 59.10
ii 1? 181.00
7? 184.00
1 73 139.00
7 71 97.00
3 73 215.00
6 73 196.00
5 73 143.00
6 73 60.10
7 73 44.40
5005?? 7 7? I’9.00 iS 139.00
8 7? S .00 1.2 81.00
9 7’ 66.10 8 53.30
10 7? l74. O 16 164.00
31 7 ’ 533.00 4 378.00
17 7’ 5 .0.00 12 482.00
1 73 40 .00 10 204.00
73 285.00 1 216.00
3 71 631.00 2 151.00
6 71 575.00 ?3 404.00
73 420.00 4 241.00 16 234.00
6 71 176.00
7 73 131.00 2’. 86.5tJ
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TRIBUTARY FLOW INFORMATION FOR VFRMONT 7/9/74
LAKE CODE 5005 HARRIMAN HESERVOIP
MEAN MONTHLY FLOWS AND UAILY FLOWS
TPII LJTAPY MONTH YEAR MEAN FLOW flAY FLOW DAY FLOW DAY FLOW
500023 7 72 66.R0 10 71.60
R 72 29.90 12 41.80
9 72 34.00 8 27.50
10 72 89.80 16 84.70
II 72 274.00 4 195.00
1? 7 279.00 7 877.00
I 73 211.00 10 105.00
2 73 147.00 1 111.00
3 11 327.00 2 78.10
4 13 296.00 23 209.00
5 73 216.00 4 124.00 14 121.00
A 73 91.20
7 73 67.50 24 43.10
500524 7 72 250.00 15 261.00
8 72 111.00 12 156.00
9 72 126.00 8 103.00
10 7 334.00 16 316.00
II 72 1030.00 14 635.00
1 ? 7’ 1040.00 12 927.00
1 73 786.00 10 393.00
2 73 549.00 1 415.00
3 73 1220.00 2 291.00
4 73 1109.00 6 887.00 23 778.00
5 73 801.00 4 464.00 14 451.00
6 13 340.00
7 73 252.00 24 163.00
500531 7 72 4.80 15 5.20
8 72 2.20 12 3.00
9 1 7.40 8 2.00
10 72 6.40 16 6.10
11 7? 19.80 14 12.30
17 72 20.10 12 17.90
1 73 15.20 10 1.60
2 73 10.60 1 8.00
3 73 23.50 2 5.60
4 13 21.40 6 17.10 23 15.00
5 13 15.50 4 9.00 14 8.70
6 73 6.60
7 73 4.80 24 3.20
500541 7 72 3.80 15 4.00
8 12 1.10 12 2.40
9 72 1.90 10 1.60
10 12 5.00 16 4.80
II 7? 15.50 14 9.60
1? 72 15.60 12 14.00
1 73 11.80 10 5.90
2 73 8.10 1 6.30
3 73 18.40 2 4.40
4 73 16.70 6 13.40 2) 11.80
5 73 12.20 4 7.00 14 6.80
6 73 5.10
7 73 3.90 24 2.50
-------
APPENDIX B
PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL DATA
-------
STORET PEIRtEVAL DATE 7’ /O7/O?
5Q050 I
4) ‘ .0 00.0 07? 54 4t)
- AP- ,1\1AN QESF IO10
VE M0NT
1 IE ALES 2111202
3 0052 FEET [ )EPT I
00010 00100 00077 000Q4 00400 00410 0u630 00610 00665 00666
OATE TIME DEPTH WATER 1)0 TRANSP C000CTVY PH 1 ALK NO? ’ NO3 t’1l-13—N P -iO5—TOT ‘ -i0S—flTS
FROM OF TF ’IP ShCCHI FIFLO CACOJ “J—T(PTAL TOTAL
TO I)AY FEET CENT INCHES MICi OMHO S D MG/L ROIL M( /L Mu/L P MG/L P
7?/05/10 I I 15 0000 16.4 0.4 IOM 20 5.50 101< 0.270 0.050 0.010
11 IS 0015 8.3 l0.(- 0 5.30 Il ’S (J.3 ’O 0.0 0 0.00’ 0.004
I I 15 0050 5.0 11.0 ?0 -..20 101< 0.380 0.070 0.011 0.009
72/07/31 II 35 0000 50P 6.70 I0r 0.170 0.070 0.011 0.009
11 35 0004 22. ) 0.0 SO ’S 6. ) 10K 0.160 0.060 0.010 0.007
11 35 0015 ? ‘.0 0.2 50K 15.20 101< &.ldO 0.070 0.000 0.000
11 35 0030 16.4 6•4 506 5.Y3 101< 0.1’ 0 0.000 0.11DM 0.004
Il 35 0050 14.3 0.0 501< 5.. ’0 101< 0.100 0.090 0.000 0.000
11 35 0005 15. 1 9.4 50K 5. Mo 101< 0.370 0.090 0. O OM 0.007
11 35 0110 5.2 9.0 50K 5.70 101< 0.410 0.000 0.010 0.010
II 15 0135 4.7 9•4 50K 5.60 bK 0.430 0.090 0.012 0.006
72/10/0’. 1H 30 0000 120 cO < 6. u 101< 0.110 0. 0O 0.001 . 0.003
10 30 0004 I 1 5. P.1 50K 5.05 11)1< 0.170 0.100 0.005 0.004
10 30 0015 115.4 6.0 50i < 6.40 101< 0.160 0.070 0.00K 0.000
18 30 0030 16.0 5.15 co 6.20 101 < 0.160 O.0’ 0 0.006 0.004
10 30 0060 15.0 4•7 501< 6.00 101< 0.170 0.120 0.00 ’) 0.004
18 10 0000 11.6 3.15 501< f ’ S 101< 0.100 0.100 0.000 0.005
10 30 0100 5.1 7.15 OaK 6. Oi) I I I ’ S 0.?M0 0.050 0.00’) 0.000
10 30 0115 5.3 7.4 5 01< 5.70 10t< 0.100 0.010 0.010 0.006
10 30 )T35 5.0 6.9 501< S.6 101< 0.430 0.050 0.01? 0.007
1??1 7
DATE TIME DEPTH CHL000YL
FROM OF A
TO DAY FEET J6/L
7?/Os/30 11 15 0000 0.7J
7?/07/31 11 35 0000 2.6)
72/10/04 10 30 0000 1. OJ
K VALUE KNOWN TO GE LESS
T- AN fNr)IC. )TED
J° VALUE KNOWN TO OE IN ERROR
-------
STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 74/07/02
500 50 2
4? 51 42.0 072 53 4th0
rlA R1MAN I ESE V01P
SO VERMONT
11 EPALES
3
2111202
0009 FEET DEPTH
DATE
F P OH
TO
72/05/30
72/07/3
72/10/04
TIME DEPIrI
OF
DAY FEET
12 10 0000
11 10 0000
16 10 0000
32217
C HL PP H YL
A
UG,’L
I • 3J
1 •
2.3J
00010
00300
00077
00094
00400
00410
00630
00610
DATE
TIME
DEPTH
WATER
DO
TRANSP
CNDUCTVY
PH
1 ALK
NO2 NO3
NI-43—N
PHOS—TOT
00666
FROM
OF
TEMP
SECCHI
FIELD
CACO3
N—rOTAL
TOTAL
‘
PHOS—DIS
TO
DAY
FEET
CENT
MG/L
INCHES
MICROMMO
SU
MG/L
MG/L
MG/L
MG/L P
MG/L P
72/05/30
12 10 0000
19.5
8.8
108
30
5.91)
101<
0.190
0.030
12 10 0005
16.4
.2
20
5.60
101<
0.170
0.030
0.009
0.008
72/07/31
11 10 0000
108
501<
6.30
101<
0.170
0.005
11 10 0004
2’. l
8.4
501<
6.30
101<
0.170
0.070
0.015
0.010
0.013
11 10 0013
21.5
9.4
501<
6.30
101<
0.160
0.060
72/10/04
16 10 0000
501<
6.50
101<
0.160
0.010
16 10 0004
16.5
7.6
501<
6.70
101<
0.160
0.060
0.010
0.010
0.007
16 10 0010
16.5
7.8
K VALUE KNOWN TO BE LESS
THAN INDICATED
JO VALUE KNOWN TO BE IN ERROR
-------
APPENDIX C
TRIBUTARY and WASTEWATER
TREATMENT PLANT DATA
-------
STORET PETRIEVAL DATE 74/07/02
500521 LS500521
42 52 00.0 07? 52 30.0
DEERFIELD RIVEP (N BR)
50 15/WILMINGTON
I/HARRIMAN RES
RT 9 BRDG IN WILMINGTON
I 1EPALES 2111204
0000 FEET DEPTH
00630 00625 00610 00671 00665
DATE TIME DEPTH N02€.l’J03 TOT KJFL NH3-N PHOS—DIS PHOS—TOT
FROM OF N—TOTAL N TOTAL ORTHO
TO DAY FEET MG/L MG/L MG/L MG/I P MG/L P
7?/07/15 0.192 0.300 0.023 0.009 0.014
7/08/12 13 30 0.320 0.600 0.030 0.010 0.023
7?/09/08 13 00 0.150 1.350 0.078 0.007 0.010
7?/L0/16 11 20 0.230 1.100 0.176 0.005rc 0.015
72/11/14 10 50 0.330 0.300 0.068 0 .005K 0.012
7?/12/12 10 50 0.340 0.100K 0.024 0.005K 0.010
73/03/02 10 05 0.450 1.760 0.870 0.009 0.025
73/04/06 10 30 0.294 1.100 0.480 0.005K 0.010
73/04/23 0.252 1.050 0.430 0.005K 0.010
71/05/04 09 30 0.170 0.210 0.014 0.005K 0.010
73/05/14 09 40 0.1 O 0.600 0.?50 0.005K 0.005K
73/07/24 16 20 0.190 0.180 0.024 0.005K 0.015
PS V LU i’”J04’1 10 -i Lt S
TrlAI I 1i’i,1C .TF1)
-------
STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 74/07/02
500522 LS 500522
42 52 00.0 072 56 00.0
DEERFIELD RIVER
50 15/WILMINGTON
I/HARRIMAN RES
MEOBURYVILLE POWER PLANT
11EPALES 2111204
4 0000 FEET DEPTH
00630 00625 00610 00671 00665
DATE TIME DE TH N02&N03 TOT KJEL NH3-N PHOS—DIS PHOS—TOT
FROM OF N—TOTAL N TOTAL ORIHO
TO DAY FEET MG/L MG/L MG/I MG/L P MG/L P
72/Q7/15 0.121 1.125 0.026 0.009 0.009
72/08/12 14 15 0.140 0.310 0.023 0.008 0.008
72/09/08 13 30 0.120 1.050 0.060 0.007 0.008
7?/10/16 12 30 0.076 1.500 0.100 0.005K 0.010
72/12/12 10 15 0.350 0.150 0.020 0.005K 0.006
73/04/23 0.410 0.520 0.210 0.005K 0.005K
73/05/04 10 30 0.220 0.190 0.030 0.005K 0.005K
73/05/14 0.120 1.000 0.054 0.005K 0.015
73/07/24 16 25 0.066 0.210 0.022 0.005K 0.015
K VALUE KNOWN TO BE LESS
T-i.AN INDICATEI )
-------
STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 74/07/02
500523 LS500523
42 52 00.0 072 52 40.0
DEERFIELD RIVER (N bR)
50 15/WILMINGTON
I/HARRIMAN RES
TRANSFORMER BELO DAM AT WILMINGTON
1 1EPALES 2111204
4 0000 FEET DEPTH
00630 00625 00610 00671 00665
DATE TIME DEPTH N02&N03 TOT KJEL NH3—N PHOS—DIS PHOS—TOT
FROM OF N-TOTAL N TOTAL ORTHO
TO DAY FEET MG/L MG/L MG/I MG/L P MG/L P
72/07/15 0.192 0.575 0.022 0.012 0.024
72/08/12 13 55 0.312 0.500 0.038 0.011 0.029
72/09/08 13 05 0.140 0.900 0.058 0.008 0.018
72/10/16 1? 35 0.071 0.750 0.120 0.005K 0.019
73/04/23 0.250 0.680 0.025 0.005K 0.015
73/05/04 09 50 0.176 0.340 0.018 0.005K 0.015
73/05/14 09 53 0.176 1.100 0.031 0.005K 0.010
73/07/24 15 50 0.025 0.150 0.023 0.005K 0.015
K V LtJ KIJOWN TO E LESS
T-iAN Il iHC TFr
-------
STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 74/07/02
500524 LS500524
42 46 30.0 072 56 30.0
DEERFIELD RIVER
50 15/WILMINGTON
0/HARRIMAN RES
RI 100 BRDG IN READSBORO
11EPALES 2111204
4 0000 FEET DEPTH
00630 00625 00610 00671 00665
DATE TIME DEPTH N02&N03 TOT KJEL NH3—N PIIOS—DIS PHOS—TOT
FROM OF N—TOTAL N TOTAL ORTHO
TO DAY FEET MG/L MG/L MG/L MG/L P MG/L P
7/07/15 0.042 0.350 0.026 0.009 0.016
72/08/12 12 30 0.063 0.475 0.055 0.008 0.023
72/09/08 12 37 0.032 0.300 0.046 0.007 0.025
72/10/16 10 00 0.054 1.750 0.150 0.005K 0.013
72/11/14 11 10 0.073 0.440 0.041 0.005K 0.009
72/12/12 11 50 0.096 1.200 0.042 0.005K 0.023
73/01/10 09 55 0.160 0.380 0.048 0.013 0.015
73/02/01 09 20 0.330 0.880 0.006
73/03/02 09 20 0.336 0.290 0.105 0.006 0.015
73/04/06 09 30 0.090 1.150 0.336 0.005K 0.010
73/04/23 0.039 0.580 0.015 0.005K 0.015
73/05/04 08 30 0.036 0.480 0.090 0.005K 0.030
73/05/14 09 00 0.030 0.320 0.071 0.005K 0.005K
73/07/24 16 35 0.066 0.192 0.035 0.005K 0.010
K VALUE KNOWN TO BE LESS
T}-41 N INDICATED
-------
• I.j J •..- I -, Fr (./ j /u
•_) -C-’
‘? j ’).j •7 n : . j
‘r---l IrL ) r’ tVr ’
I 1L IJNflIUN
C),iL <, )1M N 5H VO1I ’
- A- 1 aN PL T I St i OF ‘ EEflSr O’QO
11F - tCLES Eflfl2 4
C, 0(100 F -ET )E’- T 1
I r
- h )
I i
I’ J)
vUh2 5
0t 10
00 71
T -
Orr’I ’
‘jJ- J’ U3
tOt JFL
NH3—rJ
P -iOS—DI5
— 11)1 AL
TOTAL
OPTHO
.. (
I r’-
T
Mh/L
1C’/L
MG/L
M&/L
P
-D
7 .’ J/ -’i
I”
.4 )
0.100K
0.044
0.005K
).iiI
7.-.I1 /’ .
H
• .
•. - ‘ ‘t
0.150
0.fl 4
0.005K
U.1 I’
/ ./ ‘ -/I --
1
“i)
0.300
0.&25
0.005K
‘.015
7,/) / ,j
‘-.
‘
‘. i ’
0.?00
0.Ii?5
0.005K
J• 4fl
7 —/u /I-’
U
;
;. 4 -
u.30i
j.045
0.005K
-.U?U
7 / -/’
•
)
.3’ - ’
u.’, O O
0.0?0
C.)O’-.r ,
7’.’ • I
•
U .4O
,) •f5ij
0.005K
I
K V LLJfr cNOWN 13 KL L’ S5
rH4N Ii TCATF
-------
STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 74/07/02
500531 1S500531
42 52 00.0 072 53 00.0
BINNEY BROOK
50 15/WILMINGTON
T/HARRIMAN RES
RT 9 BRDG W OF WILMINGTON
11EPALES 2111204
4 0000 FEET DEPTH
00630 00625 00610 00671 00665
DATE TIME DEPTH N02&N03 TOT KJEL NH3—N PHOS—DIS PHOS—TOT
FROM OF N—TOTAL N TOTAL ORTHO
TO DAY FEET MG/L MG/L MG/L MG/L P MG/L P
7?/Q8/12 14 00 0.140 1.012 0.026 0.011 0.027
72/09/08 13 10 0.100 0.200 0.040 0.007 0.007
72/10/16 12 25 0.068 0.200 0.075 0.005K 0.010
72/11/14 09 50 0.183 0.320 0.052 0.005K 0.017
72/12/12 10 18 0.189 0.160 0.035 0.005K 0.009
73/01/10 11 30 0.200 0.400 0.008 0.005K 0.010
73/02/01 11 40 0.220 1.050 0.730 0.005K 0.005K
73/03/02 10 55 0.220 0.205 0.063 0.005K 0.010
73/04/06 10 55 0.198 0.160 0.050 0.005K 0.005K
73/04/23 0.170 0.755 0.027 0.005K 0.005K
73/05/04 10 10 0.130 1.130 0.042 0.005K 0.020
73/05/14 10 05 0.120 0.240 0.044 0.005K 0.005K
73/07/24 16 30 0.063 0.190 0.040 0.005K 0.015
K VALUE KNOWN TO BE LESS
T 4AN INDICATED
-------
STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 74/07/02
500541 LSSOO S41
42 47 30.0 072 53 00.0
SADAWAGA LAKE OUTFLOW
50 15/WILMINGTON
T/HARRIMAN RES
RT 8 BROG w OF WHITINGHAM
11EPALES 2111204
4 0000 FEET DEPTH
00630 00625 00610 00671 00665
DATE TIME DEPTH N02&N03 TOT KJEL NH3-N PHOS—DIS PHOS—TOT
FROM OF N-TOTAL N TOTAL ORTHO
TO DAY FEET MG/L MG/L MG/L MG/L P MG/L P
72/07/15 0.102 0.6?S 0.034 0.027 0.044
7?/08/12 12 12 0.340 1.667 0.050 0.044 0.071
7?/O /0 12 30 0.005K
72/10/16 11 00 0.094 0.550 0.088 0.021 0.040
7?/I1/14 10 50 0.109 2.310 0.074 0.009 0.024
7?/12/12 11 20 0.126 0.360 0.075 0.007 0.023
73/02/01 09 45 0.168 1.005 0.590 0.006 0.006
73/04/06 10 00 0.097 0.310 0.050 0.007 0.015
71/04/23 0.032 1.100 0.048 0.007 0.022
73/05/04 08 50 0.026 0.230 0.013 0.005K 0.020
73/05/14 09 20 0.018 0.420 0.022 0.007 0.025
73/07/24 16 00 0.?10 0.320 0.045 0.021 0.035
K ALtW NOt N TO 4E L SS
T-I N I iDICi TF)
-------
STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 74/07/02
500551 PR5005S1 P000700
42 51 30.0 072 52 30.0
WILMINGTON
50007 15 WILMINGTON
T/HARRIMAN RESERVOIR
N DEERFIELD RIVER
1 IEPALES 2141204
4 0000 FEET DEPTH
00630
00625
00610
00671
00665
50051
50053
DATE
TIME
DEPTH
NO2 .NO3
TOT KJEL
NH3-N
PHOS—DIS
PHOS—TOT
FLOW
CONDUIT
FROM
OF
N-TOTAL
N
TOTAL
ORTHO
RATE
FLOW—MGD
TO
DAY
FEET
MG/L
MG/L
MG/L
M&/L P
MG/L P
INST MGD
MONTHLY
7?/12/06
11 00
CP(T’—
0.460
14.000
2.900
2.140
3.400
0.058
0.053
72/)2/06
16 00
73/01/15
11 00
CPU)—
0.375
24.000
7.825
3.625
0.090
0.075
73/01/15
16 00
73/02/23
11
00
CP(T)—
0.330
15.000
5.700
2.700
4.500
0.046
0.050
73/02/23
16 00
73/04/30
11 00
cPU)—
0.395
17.200
5.500
2.300
4.800
0.077
0.075
73/04/30
16 00
73/07/16
Ii 00
CP(T)—
0.400-
16.800
5.700
2.200
4.300
0.075
0.070
73/Q7/16
16 00
73/08/16
11 00
CP(T)—
0.140
22.600
9.070
3.460
5.800
0.045
0.050
73/08/16
16 00
73/09/16
11 00
CP(T)—
0.290
23.900
7.225
3.300
5.250
0.052
0.049
73/09/16
16 00
73/10/22
11 00
CP(T)—
0.115
40.000
15.000
6.050
14.000
0.047
0.047
73/10/22
16 00
73/11/19
II 00
CPU)—
0.330
18.500
7.800
3.570
4.800
0.037
0.043
73/11/19
16 00
73/12/19
11 00
CD(T)—
0.600
23.000
5.500
2.600
4.800
0.081
0.073
73/12/19
16 00
74/01/15
11 00
CP(T)—
0.600
16.000
7.750
2.240
3.900
0.054
0.052
74/01/15
16 00
74/02/25
11 00
CPU)—
0.480
11.000
4.300
1.750
3.200
0.058
0.056
74/02/25
16 00
-------
STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 74/07/02
500557 TF5 0 0 SS7
42 56 30.0 072 51 00.0
DOVER
50 15 WILMINGTON
1/HARRIMAN RESERVOIR
NORTH BRANCH DEERFIELD RIVER
1IEPALES 2141204
4 0000 FEET
P000 300
DEPTH
DATE
TINE
DEPTH
NO2& ’J03
TOT KJEL
NH3—N
PHOS—DIS
PHOS—TOT
FLOW
CONDUIT
FROM
OF
N-TOTAL
N
TOTAL
ORTHO
RATE
FLOW—MGD
TO
DAY
FEET
MG/L
MG/L
MG/L
MG/L P
MG/L P
INST MGD
MONT 1LY
7?/il/20
08
15
1.370
2.730
0.073
1.160
2.000
0.001
0.001
7?/12/25
10
00
0.660
36.000
12.000
6.300
8.700
0.025
0.024
73/02/01
10
15
0.200
45.000
20.000
12.000
13.500
0.030
0.030
73/03/17
09
00
0.200
24.000
6.300
3.990
5.500
0.030
0.030
73/04/12
16
00
1.700
9.800
0.600
3.500
6.500
0.010
0.012
71/05/15
16
00
0.355
27.000
4.350
4.200
15.700
0.002
0.002
73/06/21
09
15
0.168
13.800
2.520
4.940
7.600
0.005
0.017
71/07/18
11
30
3.400
16.800
4.400
7.700
8.700
0.010
0.020
73/08/21
09
30
1.840
19.800
3.720
7.200
0.025
0.020
71/09/20
09
30
5.900
5.000
0.194
5.800
0.010
0.020
73/10/22
14
00
4.100
5.500
0.180
10.250
12.000
0.010
0.020
73/11/26
10
00
5.000
0.450
0.040K
2.560
2.900
0.002
0.005
73/12/25
11
00
1.600
3.700
0.083
3.200
3.850
0.025
0.010
K VL LU KNOWN TO dE LESS
Ti N I’JOICATED
------- |