U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NATIONAL EUTROPHICATION SURVEY
WORKING PAPER SERIES
REPORT
ON
GREEN LAKE
GREEN LAKE COUNTY
WISCONSIN
EPA REGION V
WORKING PAPER No, 39
PACIFIC NORTHWEST ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY
An Associate Laboratory of the
NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH CENTER - CORVALLIS, OREGON
and
NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH CENTER - LAS VEGAS, NEVADA
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REPORT
ON
GREEN LAKE
GREEN LAKE COUNTY
WISCONSIN
EPA REGION V
WORKING PAPER No, 39
WITH THE COOPERATION OF THE
WISCONSIN DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES
AND THE
WISCONSIN NATIONAL GUARD
JUNE, 1975
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1
CONTENTS
Page
Foreword ii
List of Wisconsin Study Lakes iv, v
Lake and Drainage Area Map vi
Sections
I. Conclusions i
II. Introduction 4
III. Lake and Drainage Basin Characteristics 5
IV. Lake Water Quality Summary 6
V. Nutrient Loadings 13
VI. Literature Reviewed 18
VII. Appendices 20
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11
FOREWORD
The National Eutrophication Survey was initiated in 1972 in
response to an Administration commitment to investigate the nation-
wide threat of accelerated eutrophication to fresh water lakes and
reservoirs.
OBJECTIVES
The Survey was designed to develop, in conjunction with state
environmental agencies, information on nutrient sources, concentrations,
and impact on selected freshwater lakes as a basis for formulating
comprehensive and coordinated national, regional , and state management
practices relating to point-source discharge reduction and non—point
source pollution abatement in lake watersheds.
ANALYTIC APPROACH
The mathematical and statistical procedures selected for the
Survey’s eutrophication analysis are based on related concepts that:
a. A generalized representation or model relating
sources, concentrations, and impacts can be constructed.
b. By applying measurements of relevant parameters
associated with lake degradation, the generalized model
can be transformed into an operational representation of
a lake, its drainage basin, and related nutrients.
c. With such a transformation, an assessment of the
potential for eutrophication control can be made.
LAKE ANALYSIS
In this report, the first stage of evaluation of lake and water-
shed data collected from the study lake and its drainage basin is
documented. The report is formatted to provide state environmental
agencies with specific information for basin planning [ 3O3(e)], water
quality criteria/standards review [ 5303(c)], clean lakes [ 5314(a,b)],
and water quality monitoring [ 5106 and §305(b)] activities mandated
by the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972.
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111
Beyond the single lake analysis, broader based correlations
between nutrient concentrations (and loading) and trophic condi-
tion are being made to advance the rationale and data base for
refinement of nutrient water quality criteria for the Nation’s
fresh water lakes. Likewise, multivariate evaluations for the
relationships between land use, nutrient export, and trophic
condition, by lake class or use, are being developed to assist
in the formulation of planning guidelines and policies by EPA
and to augment plans implementation by the states.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The staff of the National Eutrophication Survey (Office of
Research & Development, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency)
expresses sincere appreciation to the Wisconsin Department of
Natural Resources for professional involvement and to the
Wisconsin National Guard for conducting the tributary sampling
phase of the Survey.
Francis H. Schraufnagel, Acting Assistant Director, and Joseph
R. Ball of the Bureau of Water Quality, and Donald R. Winter, Lake
Rehabilitation Program, provided invaluable lake documentation and
counsel during the Survey. Central Office and District Office per-
sonnel of the Department of Natural Resources reviewed the prelim-
inary reports and provided critiques most useful in the preparation
of this Working Paper series.
Major General James J. Lison, Jr., the Adjutant General of
Wisconsin, and Project Officer CW-4 Donald D. Erickson, who directed
the volunteer efforts of the Wisconsin National Guardsmen, are also
gratefully acknowledged for their assistance to the Survey.
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iv
NATIONAL EUTROPHICATION SURVEY
STUDY LAKES
STATE OF WISCONSIN
LAKE NAME COUNTY
Altoona Eau Claire
Beaver Dam Barron
Beaver Dam Dodge
Big Eau Pleine Marathon
Browns Racine
Butte des Morts Winnebago
Butternut Price, Ashland
Castle Rock Flowage Juneau
Como Walworth
Crystal Vilas
Delavan Walworth
Eau Claire Eau Claire
Geneva Walworth
Grand Green Lake
Green Green Lake
Kegonsa Dane
Koshkonong Jefferson, Rock, Dane
Lac La Belle Waukesha
Middle Walworth
Nagawicka Waukesha
Oconomowoc Waukesha
Okauchee Waukesha
Petenwell Flowage Juneau
Pewaukee Waukesha
Pigeon Waupaca
Pine Waukesha
Poygan Winnebago, Waushara
Rock Jefferson
Rome Pond Jefferson, Waukesha
Round Waupaca
Shawano Shawano
Sinnissippi Dodge
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V
LAKE NAME COUNTY
Swan Columbia
Tainter Dunn
Tichigan Racine
Townline Oneida
Trout Vilas
Wapogassett Polk
Wausau Marathon
Willow Oneida
Winnebago Winnebago, Fond Du Lac,
Calumet
Wisconsin Columbia
Wissota Chippewa
Yellow Burnett
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4 J
(I
GREEN LAKE
®Trlbutary Saiipllng Site x
Sewage Treatqent
)
Map Location
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GREEN LAKE
STORET NO. 5519
I. CONCLUSIONS
A. Trophic Condition:
At this time, Green Lake is mesotrophic and still
exhibits some of the desirable trophic characteristics
observed by Birge and Juday (1914) in the very early
1900’s. However, it appears that only the large hypolim-
netic volume of the lake has prevented marked trophic
responses to culturally—induced nutrient inputs to the
1 a ke.
B. Rate-Limiting Nutrient:
A loss of both phosphorus and nitrogen occurred in the
algal assay sample between the time of collection and the
beginning of the assay, and the results are not representa-
tive of conditions in the lake at the time the sample was
taken (11/08/72).
The lake data for the photic zone (assumed to be from
the surface to 20 feet deep) indicate nitrogen limitation at
all sampling times.
C. Nutrient Controllability:
1. Point sources—-During the sampling year, Green Lake
received a total phosphorus load at a rate just in excess of
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2
that proposed by Vollenweider (in press) as “dangerous”; i.e.,
a eutrophic rate (see page 17). It is calculated that the
City of Ripon and the American Baptist Assembly contributed
45% of that load.
As a result of orders issued by the Wisconsin Department
of Natural Resources, the American Baptist Assembly wastewater
treatment plant effluent was diverted to an evaporation-seepage
pond on March 9, 1973, and chemical phosphorus removal was
begun at the City of Ripon wastewater treatment plant on Febru-
ary 28, 1973 (at the time of preparation of this report, con-
struction of expanded treatment facilities at Ripon was underway).
The improvements noted above resulted in the elimination of
phosphorus from one point source and a reduction in the phosphorus
input from the other point source for six months of the Survey
sampling year. On a full—year basis, it is calculated that the
point—source phosphorus load will be reduced from the 7,390-
pound input during the Survey sampling year to about 3,700 pounds
per year (assuming no input by the American Baptist Assembly and
an expected 85% removal of the estimated 3.5 pounds P/capital
year at Ripon).
The reduced phosphorus input will result in a loading rate
of 0.19 g/m 2 /yr—-a mesotrophtc loading rate. The lower loading
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3
rate should eventually result in persistent phosphorus
limitation and enhancement of the trophic condition of Green
Lake. However, since the lake has a mean hydraulic retention
time of 21 years, it cannot be expected that changes in the
trophic condition of the lake will be rapid and/or readily
obvious.
2. Non-point sources (see page 17)--Although the Silver
Creek phosphorus export rate was more than 2½ times that of
Spring Creek during the sampling year, the difference probably
is due to the much greater drainage area of Silver Creek since
there were no known point sources impacting the stream at the
point of sampling (station B-i).
In all, it is estimated that non-point sources, excluding
precipitation, contributed about 45% of the total phosphorus
load to Green Lake during the sampling year.
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4
II. INTRODUCTION
Green Lake is the deepest lake within Wisconsin (Fassbender and
Weber, 1971), and was described as “... an unusally attractive body
of water ...“ by Birge and Juday (op. cit.) in the early 1900’s. The
lake is still scenically attractive; however, residences now occupy
90-95% of the shoreline and adjacent areas.
Public access is available at some ten sites around the lake, and
a boat livery is located near the town of Green Lake. Recreational
uses of the lake include boating, swimming, and fishing.
Fishing is reported to be good to excellent, both summer and winter.
Cold-water species of fish include brown, rainbow, and lake trout, and
deep-dwellings ciscoes; warm-water species include northern pike, walleyes,
large- and smallmouth bass, and panfish.
A five-foot-head dam in the outlet (in place pre-1914) generally
maintains the lake level above the natural level.
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5
III. LAKE AND DRAINAGE BASIN CHARACTERISTICS
A. Lake Morphometryt:
1. Surface area: 7,346 acres.
2. Mean depth: 103.6 feet.
3. Maximum depth: 236 feet.
4. Volume: 761,277 acre-feet.
5. Mean hydraulic retention time: 21 years.
B. Tributary and Outlet:
(See Appendix A for flow data)
1. Tributaries -
Drainage Mean flow
Name area (mi 2 ) ( cfs )
Silver Creek 36.0 14.3
Spring Creek 1.9 0.5
Minor tributaries &
immediate drainage - 67.6 35.5
Totals 105.5 50.3
2. Outlet -
Puchyan River 117.0** 50.3**
C. Precipitation***:
1. Year of sampling: 41.5 inches.
2. Mean annual: 30.0 inches.
t Wisconsin Dept. of Natural Resources 1969 lake survey map.
* Drainage areas are accurate within ±0.5%; mean daily flows are accurate
within ±40%; mean monthly flows are accurate within ±35%; and normalized
monthly flows are accurate within ±35%.
** Includes area of lake; outflow adjusted to equal sum of inflows.
*** See Working Paper No. 1, “Survey Methods, 1972’.
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6
IV. LAKE WATER QUALITY SUMMARY
Green Lake was sampled three times during the open-water season
of 1972 by means of a pontoon-equipped Huey helicopter. Each time,
samples for physical and chemical parameters were collected from
three stations on the lake and from a number of depths at each station
(see map, page vi). During each visit, a single depth-integrated (15
feet or near bottom to surface) sample was composited from the stations
for phytoplankton identification and enumeration; and during the last
visit (during fall overturn), a single five-gallon depth-integrated
sample was composited from the three stations for algal assays. Also
each time, a depth-integrated sample was collected from each of the
stations for chlorophyll a analysis. The maximum depths sampled were
26 feet at station 1, 23 feet at station 2, and 205 feet at station 3.
The results obtained are presented in full in Appendix B, and the
data for the fall sampling period, when the lake essentially was well-
mixed, are summarized below. Note, however, the Secchi disc summary
is based on all values.
For differences in the various parameters at the other sampling
times, refer to Appendix B.
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7
A. Physical and chemical characteristics:
FALL VALUES
(11/08/72)
Parameter Minimum Mean Median Maximum
Temperature (Cent.) 4.7 7.0 7.6 7.8
Dissolved oxygen (mg/i) 6.4 9.9 10.8 11.2
Conductivity (pmhos) 400 412 410 420
pH (units) 7.6 8.2 8.3 8.4
Alkalinity (mg/i) 168 180 180 190
Total P (mg/i) 0.025 0.042 0.028 0.109
Dissolved P (mg/i) 0.020 0.038 0.024 0.109
NO 2 + NO 3 (mg/i) 0.150 0.214 0.195 0.370
Ammonia (mg/i) 0.030 0.041 0.040 0.050
ALL VALUES
Secchi disc (inches) 166 227 225 300
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8
B. Biological characteristics:
1. Phytoplankton -
Sampling Dominant Number
Date Genera per ml
06/22/72 1. Dinobryon 1,160
2. Fragilaria 640
3. Schroederia 384
4. Gleocapsa 226
5. Chroococcus 106
Other genera 393
Total 2,909
08/21/72 1. Dinobryon 1,628
2. Anabaena 1 ,284
3. Microcystis 796
4. Flagellates 398
5. Chroococcus 362
Other genera 523
Total 4,991
11/08/72 1. Dinobryon 524
2. Cyclotella 443
3. Asterionella 407
4. Synedra 172
5. Microcystis 154
Other genera 452
Total 2,152
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9
2. Chlorophyll a -
(Because of instrumentation problems during the 1972 sampling,
the following values may be in error by plus or minus 20 percent.)
Sampling Station Chlorophyll a
Date Number ( jig/l )
06/22/72 01 1 .8
02 -
03 2.0
08/21/72 01 0.9
02 0.7
03 0.9
11/08/72 01 9.6
02 6.8
03 7.4
C. Limiting Nutrient Study:
There was a loss of 38% of the dissolved phosphorus and
17% of the inorganic nitrogen In the assay sample between the
time of collection and the beginning of the assay (based on
analysis of lake samples at the time the assay sample was col-
lected and the analysis of the assay sample at the beginning
of the test). Therefore, the results are not indicative of
conditions in the lake at the time the sample was collected.
However, the lake data for the photic zone (assumed to be from
the surface to 20 feet deep) indicate nitrogen limitation at all
sampling times; i.e., the mean N/P ratIos were 10/1 or less, and
nitrogen limitation would be expected.
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10
D. Trophic Condition of Green Lake:
A casual examination of the Green Lake nutrient data
obtained during the Survey (see summary on page 7 and
Appendix B) might lead to the conclusion that the lake is
eutrophic. The relatively high mean dissolved phosphorus
of 0.036 mg/l, for example, was exceeded in only 22 of
the 46 Wisconsin lakes surveyed in 1972. Also, the early
season blooms of green algae, reported by others (Stauffer,
1973) but not observed by personnel of this Survey, would
strengthen that conclusion.
However, any assessment of the trophic condition of
Green Lake must take into account the very great depth of
the lake and the large volume of the hypolimnion when the
lake is stratified. The thermocline in Green Lake commonly
begins at a depth of about 30+ feet and extends to a depth
of about 65 feet; with the thernocline at this level, the
hypolimnion constitutes almost 56% of the entire volume of
the lake.
The influence of this vast hypolimnion on mean values
obtained can be readily seen in the August data for station
3 (Appendix B). It will be noted that while the epilimnion
and the thermocline contained only 0.009 mg/i of dissolved
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11
phosphorus, there was sharp increase in the 60-foot and
deeper samples to a level of 0.200 mg/i at 205 feet. It
will be seen that a similar situation is evident in the
November data obtained during the fail overturn. The
higher concentrations of phosphorus at depth are due to
the “rain” of organic matter from the photic zone (epilim—
nion and upper thermocline) during the growing season with
an eventual deposition of much of these materials in the
bottom sediments and an impoverishment of phosphorus in
the photic zone.
It is believed that much of the sedimerited phosphorus
is not recycled because reducing conditions apparently
rarely occur in the waters adjacent to the sediments even
at great depths. Historical (Birge and Juday, 1911) and
recent data provided by the Wisconsin Department of Natural
Resources (Winter, 1973) show that in none of the samples
collected at depths greater than 200 feet on 22 occasions
during varying seasons and conditions was dissolved oxygen
completely absent, and in only three samples was dissolved
oxygen less than 1 mg/i . It is probable that nutrient en—
trappment in the bottom sediments is the reason Green Lake
has not shown the nuisance conditions and trophic responses
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12
one would expect in a lake that previously received an annual
phosphorus loading rate well in excess of that considered by
Vollenweider (in press) as “dangerous”; i.e., a eutrophic
rate (see page 17).
Except for mean phosphorus, all of the parameters measured
during the Survey indicate that Green Lake is mesotrophic.
The occurrence of dissolved oxygen at great depths, transpar-
ency appreciably bettered only by that of oligotrophic Crystal
Lake (Wisconsin), and the low mean chlorophyll a are indicative
of a mesotrophic condition. Also, the lack of truly objectionable
nuisance conditions is indicated by the absence of any chemical
control efforts at this highly-developed and heavily-used lake
since the 1950 and 1952 seasons (Lueschow, 1972).
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13
V. NUTRIENT LOADINGS
(See Appendix C for data)
«
For the determination of nutrient loadings, the Wisconsin National
Guard collected monthly near-surface grab samples from each of the
tributary sites indicated on the map (page vi), except for the high
runoff months of April and May when two samples were collected. Samp-
ling was begun in September, 1972, and was completed in August, 1973.
Through an interagency agreement, stream flows estimates for the
year of sampling and a "normalized" or average year were provided by
the Wisconsin District Office of the U.S. Geological Survey for the
tributary sites nearest the lake.
In this report, nutrient loads for sampled tributaries were calcu-
lated using mean concentrations and mean flows. Nutrient loadings for
unsampled "minor tributaries and immediate drainage" ("ZZ" of U.S.G.S.)
were estimated by using the mean concentrations in Spring Creek at sta-
tion C-2 and the mean ZZ flow.
The operator of the American Baptist Assembly STP provided monthly
composite effluent samples and daily and mean monthly flow data; in
the following tables, the nutrient loads attributed to this source are
one-half the measured loads since the treatment plant discharged to
Green Lake only six months of the Survey sampling year.
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14
The City of Ripon did not participate in the Survey, and nutrient
loads were determined by the differences in nutrient loads in Silver
t
Creek at station B-i, just above the Ripon SIP, and at station B—2
about 1½ miles below. The Ripon STP flows were estimated on the
basis of information supplied by the Wisconsin Department of Natural
Resources (Schraufnagel, 1973); “population served” is the 1970 Census
population.
Nutrient loads given for Silver Creek are those measured at sta-
tion B—i above the Ripon STP.
A. Waste Sources:
1. Known municipal -
Pop. Mean Receiving
Name Served Treatment Flow (mgd) Water
Ripon 7,053 trickling 1.015 Silver Creek
filter +
P removal
American 136* trickling 0.036 (Green Lake)
Baptist (500)* filter +
Assembly evapo-seepage
pond
2. Industrial -
Mean Receiving
Name Product Treatment Flow (mgd) Water
Green Giant Canned spray unknown (Silver Creek)
Foods, Ripon vege- irrigation
tables (no discharge)
* Estimated mean annual population; population in parenthesis is
estimated maximum summer population.
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15
B. Annual Total Phosphorus Loading - Average Year:
1. Inputs -
lbsP/ %of
Source yr total
a. Tributaries (non-point load) —
Silver Creek 3,050 18.6
Spring Creek 60 0.4
b. Minor tributaries & immediate
drainage (non-point load) — 4,260 26.0
c. Known municipal -
Ripon 7,140 43.6
American Baptist Assembly 250 1.5
d. Septic tanks* - 460 2.8
e. Known industrial -
Green Giant Foods none —
f. Direct precipitation** - 1,150 7.1
Total 16,370 100.0
2. Outputs -
Lake outlet - Puchyan River 8,910
3. Net annual P accumulation — 7,460 pounds
* Estimate based on 622 lakeshore dwellings and 11 resorts (Fassbender
and Weber, 1971); see Working Paper No. 1.
** See Working Paper No. 1.
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C. Annual Total Nitrogen Loading - Average Year:
1. Inputs -
lbsN/ %of
Source yr total
a. Tributaries (non-point load) -
Silver Creek 105,230 28.0
Spring Creek 2,020 0.5
b. Minor tributaries & immediate
drainage (non-point load) — 143,760 38.2
c. Known municipal -
Ripon 36,930 9.8
American Baptist Assembly 510 0.1
d. Septic tanks* - 17,200 4.6
e. Known industrial —
Green Giant Foods none -
f. Direct precipitation** - 70,770 18.8
Total 376,420 100.0
2. Outputs -
Lake outlet - Puchyan River 105,360
3. Net annual N accumulation - 271 ,060 pounds
* Estimate based on 622 lakeshore dwellings and 11 resorts (Fassbender
and Weber, 1971); see Working Paper No. 1.
** See Working Paper No. 1.
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D. Mean Annual Non-point Nutrient Export by Subdrainage Area:
Tributary lbs P/mi 2 /yr lbs N/m1 2 /yr
Silver Creek 85 2,923
Spring Creek 32 1,063
E. Yearly Loading Rates:
In the following table, the existing phosphorus loading
rates are compared to those proposed by Vollenweider (in press).
Essentially, his “dangerous” rate is the rate at which the
receiving waters would become eutrophic or remain eutrophic;
his “permissible” rate is that which would result in the
receiving water remaining oligotrophic or becoming oligo-
trophic if morphometry permitted. A mesotrophic rate would
be considered one between “dangerous” and “permissible”.
Total Phosphorus Total Nitrogen
Total Accumulated Total Accumulated
lbs/acre/yr 2.2 1.0 51.2 36.9
grams/m 2 /yr 0.25 0.11 5.7 4.1
Vollenweider loading rates for phosphorus
(g/m 2 /yr) based on mean depth and mean
hydraulic retention time of Green Lake:
“Dangerous” (eutrophic rate) 0.24
“Permissible” (oligotrophic rate) 0.12
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VI. LITERATURE REVIEWED
Ball, Joseph R., 1973. Personal communication (lake survey map).
WI Dept. Nat. Resources, dison.
Birge, Edward A., & Chancey Juday, 1911. The inland lakes of
Wisconsin. The dissolved gases of the water and their
biological significance. WI Geol. & Nat. Hist. Surv., Bull.
22, Sd. ser. 7, pp. 186-189.
____________________ 1914. The inland lakes of Wisconsin.
The hydrography and morphometry of the lakes. WI Geol. &
Nat. Hist. Surv., Bull. 22, Sci. ser. 9, pp. 92-96.
Fassbender, Ronald L., and John J. Weber, 1971. Surface water
resources of Green Lake County. WI Dept. Nat. Resources,
Madison.
Lee, G. Fred., 1972. Personal communication (trophic state of
Green Lake). U of Wisc. Water Chem. Lab., Madison.
Litton, James, et al., 1972. A comparative investigation of the
eutrophication of Green Lake and Lake Winnebago, Wisconsin.
MS, Student Project, Ripon College, Ripon.
Lueschow, Lloyd A., 1972. Biology and control of selected aquatic
nuisances in recreational waters. Bull. No. 57, WI Dept. Nat.
Resources, Madison.
Lueschow, Lloyd A. , James M. Helm, Donald R. Winter, and Gary W.
Karl; 1970. Trophic nature of selected Wisconsin lakes. Trans.
Wisc. Acad. Sci., Arts & Ltrs., vol. 58, pp. 237-264.
Schraufnagel, Francis H., 1973. Personal communication (flows,
loads, and improvements of SIP’s impacting Green Lake). WI
Dept. Nat. Resources, Madison.
Schraufnagel, F. H., L. A. Montie, J. R. McKersie, and Donald
Winter; 1967. Report on an investigation of the pollution in
the Upper Fox River basin made during 1966 and early 1967. WI
Dept. Nat. Resources, Madison.
Stauffer, Robert E., 1973. Personal communication (trophic state,
significant waste sources, phytoplankton, and in-lake nutrient
cycling of Green Lake). U of Wisc. Water Chem. Lab., Madison.
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Vollenweider, Richard A. (in press). Input—output models. Schweiz.
Z. Hydrol.
Winter, Donald, 1973. Personal communication (trophic state of
Green Lake; agreement of NES data with Dept. Nat. Resources
data; sources of information on Green Lake). WI Dept. Nat.
Resources, Madison.
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VII. APPENDICES
APPENDIX A
TRIBUTARY FLOW DATA
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TRIBUTARY FLOw INFORMATION FU4 4ISCONSIN 6/18/75
LAKE CODE 55 9 (,R N L i’ E
TOTAL DRAINAGE AP
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T 1d(JT r
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APPENDIX B
PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL DATA
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STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 75/06/16
551901
43 49 30. .) 088 56 00.0
GI’ EEN LAKE
55 WISCONSIN
DATE
F 0M
10
TIME DEPTH
0F
DAY FEET
I IEPALES 2111202
5 0018 FEET DEPTH
72/ub/22 16 00 0000
16 00 0010
72/C8/21 08 20 0000
08 20 0004
08 20 0015
08 20 0020
08 20 0026
72/11/08 14 00 0000
14 00 0004
14 00 0015
14 00 0024
WATER
DO
TRANSP
CNOUCTVY
PH
T
ALK
N02 N03
NH3—N
PHOS—TOT
PHOS—DIS
1EMP
SECC .-41
FIELD
CACO3
N—TOTAL
TOTAL
CENT
MG/L
INCHES
M1C OMHO
SD
MG/L
MG/L
MG/L
MG/L P
MG/L P
16.8
11.2
21’.
350
8.70
185
0.060
0.070
0.052
0.019
15.8
9.3
216
340
380
8.60
8.50
180
171
0.050
0.040
0.050
0.040
0.018
0.012
0.015
0.009
24.0
8.9
370
8.50
174
0.030
0.030
0.011
0.008
24.0
8.6
380
8.50
174
0.030
0.040
0.012
0.007
23.9
8.6
365
8.50
164
0.040
0.060
0.011
0.008
23.b
9.6
166
380
420
8.41
8.40
166
184
0.040
0.210
0.060
0.040
0.013
0.021
0.008
0.022
7.6
11.0
420
8.40
184
0.210
0.040
0.028
0.023
7.7
11.2
410
8.40
18)
0.210
0.050
0.029
0.024
7.6
11.0
410
8.40
184
0.200
0.040
0.031
DATE
F 0M
10
72/06/22
72/08/21
72/11/08
lIME DEPTH
OF
DAY FEET
16 00 0000
08 20 0000
14 00 0000
32217
CHLPPHYL
A
UG/L
1.8J
0.YJ
9.6,.i
J V. LIJ I 1 rl TI I
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STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 75/06/16
551902
43 50 00.0 088 58 00.0
GREEN LAKE
55 WISCONSIN
1IEPALES 2111202
5 0020 FEET DEPTH
00010 00300 00077 00094 00400 00410 00630 00610 00665 00666
DATE TIME DEPTH WATER DO TRANSP CNDUCTVY PH T ALK N02&N03 NH3—N PHOS—TOT PHOS—DIS
FROM OF TEMP SECCHI FIELD CACO3 N—TOTAL TOTAL
TO DAY FEET CENT MG/L INCHES MICROMHO SU MG/L MG/I MG/I HG/L P MG/I P
72/06/22 16 25 0000 17.8 10.8 234 345 8.70 185 0.060 0.090 0.019 0.014
16 25 0015 10.6 12.5 320 8.50 178 0.120 0.050 0.028 0.016
72/08/21 U8 40 0000 216 373 8.50 168 0.030 0.040 0.011 0.008
08 40 0004 24.2 8.8 360 8.50 170 0.030 0.030 0.011 0.007
08 40 0015 24.1 9.3 380 8.50 169 0.030 0.030 0.011 0.007
08 40 0023 23.3 11.4 365 8. 0 172 0.030 0.040 0.012 0.007
72/11/08 15 15 0000 240 410 8.30 179 0.160 0.050 0.026 0.022
15 15 0004 7.7 10.7 405 8.30 177 0.160 0.040 0.027 0.023
15 15 0018 7.7 11.0 400 8.30 182 0.160 0.040 0.025 0.023
32217
DATE TIME DEPTH CHLRPMYL
FROM OF A
TO DAY FEET UG/L
72/06/22 16 25 0000 13.2J
72/08/21 08 40 0000 0.7J
72/11/08 15 15 0000 7.4J
J VALUI KNOWN TO BE IN ER O
-------
Sr0 . Li HEIPIEVAL DAlE 75/06/16
55 1 ’03
43 48 18.0 089 00 ‘.2.0
u . EE 1 LAKE
55 wISCONSIN
1 ILPALES
3
2111202
0100 lEE! DEPTH
00665 00666
PHOS—TOl PHOS—DIS
HG/L P PIG/L P
3221 1
DAlE lIME DEPTH CIILRPHYL
FPUM 01 4
10 U ’ .! FEET UG/L
00010
00300
00077
000’.’.
00400
00410
00630
00610
DArE
TINE
DEPTH
A1ER
DO
IPANSP
CNDUCIVY
P.1
1
ALK
8026N03
8.13-N
160M
OF
1EHP
SECCH I
FLELU
CACO3
N—TOTAL
TOTAL
10
UAY FELT
CENT
HG/L
INCHES
MJCHOMPIU
SO
NG/L
M0/L
M6/L
72/06/22
16
45
0000
17.9
10.6
221
345
8.80
173
0.050
0.020
0.036
0.029
16
45
0030
17.7
10.8
340
8.70
178
8.040
0.020
0.015
0.010
16
45
0062
5.6
12.4
350
8.20
179
0.190
0.040
0.050
0.036
72/08/21
09
10
0000
240
370
8.50
169
0.030
0.040
0.011
0.008
09
10
0004
23.9
8.8
38u
8.55
168
0.030
0.040
0.012
0.009
09
10
0015
23.7
8.8
382
8.00
170
0.030
0.040
0.012
0.009
09
10
0025
20.9
9.0
390
8.SC
174
0.050
0.040
0.012
0.009
09
tO
00.10
16.5
8.9
380
8.40
175
0.060
0.040
0.012
0.009
09
10
0060
6.3
10.5
382
8.80
178
0.260
0.030
0.041
0.039
09
10
0080
5.0
11.1
390
7.90
178
0.300
0.030
0.053
0.050
09
10
0100
‘ ..5
10.9
400
7.9w
177
0.290
0.030
0.053
0.051
09
10
0125
‘ ..3
1(1.5
395
7.90
176
0.310
0.030
0.056
0.052
09
10
0150
4.2
9.5
390
7.80
176
0.360
0.040
0.078
0.071
09
10
0175
‘ ..1
P.8
400
7.10
176
0.360
0.010K
0.082
0.076
09
10
0188
4.1
5.4
400
7.70
179
0.390
0.170
0.267
0.204
09
10
0205
4.1
3.6
395
7.45
182
0.400
0.180
0.249
0.200
72/ 11/08
14
?5
0000
300
415
8.30
169
0.170
0.040
0.028
0.026
14
25
0004
7.8
11.0
415
8.30
168
0.160
0.050
0.027
0.023
14
25
0015
7.8
11.0
420
8.30
179
0.150
0.040
0.028
0.024
14
25
0050
7.8
18.8
420
8.30
180
0.160
0.040
0.028
0.024
14
25
0075
7.5
10.5
410
8.20
180
0.090
0.040
0.034
0.030
14
25
0100
6.9
9.7
410
8.00
180
0.240
0.040
0.040
0.043
14
25
0150
5.1
7.8
‘siC.
7.7
183
0.330
0.030
0.083
0.081
14
25
0175
4.8
7.2
400
7.60
190
0.350
0.030
0.098
0.094
14
25
0198
4.7
5•4
410
7.60
18’.
0.370
0.040
0.109
0.107
72/ub/22 lb 45 0000
12/08/2 1 09 tO 0000
12/11/08 14 25 0000
2.OJ
0 • YJ
6 •
Sc V..1 1’ • N.) .s” Is) .F L S
I . )‘J ls’ 1CA1f)
j V L!J -.‘iG I ) - ‘
-------
APPENDIX C
TRIBUTARY and WASTEWATER
TREATMENT PLANT DATA
-------
STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 75/06/17
5519A1 LS S519A I
43 51 30.0 088 57 00.0
-‘UCHYAN r IVER
55 15 NIPON
O/G EEN LA
-------
STO EF P ET LEVAL DATE N/06/17
s519 1 LS5519!31
43 51 00.0 088 51 00.0
IL /Lr C EK
IS Ii ON
1/(,t LL LAKE
CO 1wY FF NW eDGE OF RIPON ABOVE STP
1I PALE5 211120’.
4 0000 FEET DEPTtI
0063u 00625 (Jjb I O O Obl l OU6bD
DATE TIME DEPTH NO2 NO3 TOT KJEL NH —N i- HOS—D1S PHOs—TOT
FROM OF N—TOTAL N TOTAL Ui Ir1O
TO DAY FEET Mb/L MG/L M ,/L MG/L P
72/09/24 1) 25 .47J 1.3’,J .115 j.13? u.loM
72/10/22 13 15 2.7i., 1.b70 1.100 0.115
72/11/07 14 45 2.8 tj 1.000 j.u19 j. jjj
72/1 /23 u9 19 5.300 0.100K J.u60 0.01f
73/01/14 11 ?0 b.e 0u 0.f90 .03b .u2b 0.u4b
73/02/0’. 13 50 2.800 1.600 J.27 .12C u.H0
73/03/03 13 iS 4.90.) 1.540 i.2JO v . 0 99
13/04/01 10 ?4 2.600 0.940 ( .03 .017 v.040
73/J4/15 12 45 2. luo 0. i30 .011 0.u09
73/05/06 12 45 1.Suu 1.150 y.u12 0.017 0.040
73/05/15 13 00 2.60u 0. 310 .021 u.U1
73/06/16 10 05 2.120 2.200 .i.1b0 u.240 0.3 4 0
73/07/08 07 00 1.800 1.26u u.05E J.115
73/08/0’. 13 00 3.7u0 1.600 .1b0 u.ub4
K VALUE KNOWN TO BE
LESS THAN INDICATED
-------
STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 75/06/17
5519 2 LS5519B2
43 51 30.0 088 52 30.0
SILVER CREEjc
55 15 eIPON
T/GRELN LAi
-------
STO .1 E1RIE 1AL DArE 1 D/06/1l
LS55 19C2
43 ‘41 00.0 89 Ui 00.0
‘pUN(, C tEr’
15 i’JESHKAt’ O
T/ t t ’q LANE
Cu r-1 Y K X1iiG E 01 GkEEN LAKE TERI’ ACE.
1jtj- ALL5 211120.
‘4 0000 FEET I)E Tr4
t063u 0 06?i 0. 10 ui.67 1 0Ob6
DATE. TIME DEPTH OiO3 Tul JEL Nrij-N tiOS—I)IS i HOS—1OT
FNOM OF ‘J—TU1I L N TOTuL O Er1O
TO uAY FEET M’,/L r1 ,/L MG/L P- MC,/L r
72/u /24 09 00 0.6H ) 0.450 j.t 3 u.01S
72/lu/22 13 45 (J. Sbu 1.76 .., c. 4 15 u.O .4 0.ul ..s
72/11/07 15 30 t..6 0
72/12/23 09 50 1.0?u 1.OCu (.G54 v.011 0.033
73/32/04 14 17 .81U .u2b .O12
73/u3/03 13 50 !.24o ?.1 ,0 .‘ 2S J.ib(
73/04/01 fl) 51 u.SdO 3.u31 u.u1’ U.u35
7j/u4/15 1301 tj.( 2 ‘.u1 v.t) Od v.030
7j/uS/0db 13 05 U. SU v 0. 2 j j.Olb u.O jb v.02v
73/05/I 13 30 ..‘.6 4j 0. -30 .032 u.U1’. u. UJU
73/Ob/16 10 30 ‘J. 54u d.4Ou ..‘.Ubv u..jih 0.010
73/07/08 07 45 1.b o O 0.h - 0 ‘1.03u 0.032 tj.ObU
73/08/04 IS 10 1.30.) 2.400 i.0 6 ;.u23 0.(J1
-------
STONET , ErNIEvAL ‘JME 7 ’ /O /17
51951 P0551951 P000500
43 49 00.0 0 9 02 30.0
AN N bA ’TLsr ASSEMNLY
55 I kLSNKARO
O/uI EEN L4KE
uNLtN LA4L
I IEPALES 2141204
0000 FEET DEPTN
u43o 00625 ioôIU 00071 00665 50051 50053
DATE TIME OEPT’l I O2 03 TOT rcJEL 8 1j—N P,iQS— O IS P805—lOT FLUE CONDUIT
FMOM OF N-TUT6L N TOTAL 08181) MATE FLOW—MOO
F J UAY FEET MO/I. lC ’/L Mu/I. .11)/I. P MO/L P INST MOD HONINLY
73/01/02 09 00 u.570 19.000 3.500 2.400 2.l5(, 0.031 0.025
73/u2/02 II 00
CP(T)— L.99u l.3 u O.53u 1.075 1.300 0.057 0.026
73/02/02 lb 00
73/u3/03 08 00
CPU)— I.4uu 8.400 0.075 2.IOu 2.900 0.034 u.026
7313/03 16 00
73/v4/02 08 00
C o -li)— 1.2u I.73o .I20 1.105 1.500 0.023 0.020
73/oO/02 13 00
7j/uS/O2 08 00
CPU)— 1.795 2.3ou o.1I0 2.000 2.400 0.039 0.027
73/u5/02 13 00
73/06/04 08 00
CPIT)— - ‘.320 2.100 ,.419 3. 5 4u 4.uOO 0.045 0.032
73/u6/04 I? 00
li/u 7/02 08 CC
C 1T)— 1?.Ouu 0.4)0 L.19u 4.100 5.100 0.U’ 0 0.0 5
73/07/02 12 00
03 00
9.boO 0. 48t) j.Obu 8.700 11.15u 0.047 0.U 2
73/08/02 12 00
7J/ 9/0’. 08 00
C PU)— l. SOu 5.100 o.b00 0.040 0.060
73/o9/0 I? 00
73/lu/02 08 00
CPU)— 7.00, 2.4o0 j j7(, ,.000 .2u0 U.03o 0.049
7i/lu/02 12 00
73/U/OP 08 00
CP(T)— 8 .IvJ I?..;0 . I.323 3.3 u ‘..1U1 , 0.046 0.045
73/1 I/O? 12 00
73/ 1 2/Ui 1)8 00
CPU)— J.7’ u 1.403 0.340 2.luO 7.uUO 0.026 0.032
li/ 12/0i I? 00
74/01/02 08 AC
CP(T)— 2.083 4.933 •,. ,j4ui ’s 1.28u .100 0.006 0.027
74/01/02 12 00
iS VALUE (MOWN TO OE
LESS T oOuN INDIC4TED
------- |