United States Office of Pesticides and Toxic Subctances
Environmental Protection Office of Pestiade Programs (TS-766C)
Agency Washington. DC 20460
<&EPA Pesticide
Fact Sheet
Name of Chemical:
Reason for Issuance: New
Date Issued: Decatiber 1986
Fact Sheet Number: 105
1. DESCRIPTION OF CHEMICAL
Generic Name: N-cyclopropyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6 triamine
Common Name: Cyromazine
Trade Name: Larvadex® Technical and Premix (poultry feed through)
Trigard® (celery and lettuce)
EPA Shaugnessy Code: # 121301
Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Number: 66215-27-8
Year of Initial Registration: 1984
Pesticide Type: Insect Growth Regulator
Chemical Family: Triazine
Producer (U.S. only): Ciba-Geigy Corporation
2. USE PATTERN AND FORMULATION
A. Application Site: Feed through for poultry - caged
layers only. The active ingredient
is passed through the chicken,
leaving a residue in the manure
that controls the growth of the
fly larvae developing there.
Type of Formulation: Premix - a coursely ground powder
Application Rates: Mix 1 Ib of Larvadex (0.3% Premix)
per ton of feed for control of
housefly and soldier fly; for
lesser housefly, mix 3.33 Ibs of
Larvadex (0.3% Premix) per ton of
feed.
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B. Application Sites: Celery and lettuce
Type of Formulationr Wettable Powder — this product is only
packaged in 2 lb. water soluble bags
Application Rates! One 2 lb. package mixed in the appropriate
amount of water will treat 12 acres —
this is 1/6 lb. Trigard 75W per acre.
3. SCIENCE FINDINGS
Based on calculations and environmental chemistry data, there
is no expectation for unreasonable adverse effects to riontarget
organisms from the proposed uses of cyromazine. Sufficient
data are available to support conditional registration of
cyromazine as an insect growth regulator in and around poultry
houses and for use on celery and lettuce.
Chemical Characteristics of the Technical Chemical
Physical state: crystalline solid
Color: white
Odor: odorless
Boiling point: Not applicable
Melting point! 220° to 222°C
Flammability: Not applicable
Solubility in water: 1.1%
There are no unusual handling characteristics.
Toxicology Characteristics
Acute oral LD (rat); LD = 3387 mg/kg
Toxicology Category III
Acute oral LD (mouse); LD = 2029 mg/kg
Toxicology Category III
Acute oral LD (rabbit); LD = 1467 mg/kg
Toxicology Category III
Acute dermal LD (rat); LD >3100 mg/kg
Toxicology Category III
Primary dermal irritation (rabbit); P15 = 1.1/8.0
Toxicology Category IV
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Primary eye irritation (rabbit); Negative
Toxicology Category IV
Skin Sensitization (guinea pig): nonser.sitizing
Toxicology Category: N/A
Mutagenic (Salmonella); Negative for point mutations in
TA1535, TA1537. TA98, TA100 with
and without activation
90—Day feeding (dog); NOEL = 300 ppm: LEL = 1000 ppm:
levels tested = 0, 30, 300, and 3000 ppm.
6 months feeding (dog); NOEL = 30 ppm; LEL = 300 ppm:
levels tested = 30, 300 and 300 ppm.
Teratology (rat); Negative for teratogeruc effects up to
and including 1000 mg/kg/day.
Teratology (rabbit); NOEL for teratogenic effects at
5 mg/kg/day: Maternal NOEL at 10 mg/kg/day.
2—Generation reproduction: Systemic NOEL = 30 ppm:
systemic LEL = 1000 ppm: levels tested = 0, 30, 1000
and 3000 ppm.
2—Year feeding/Or.coger’.icity (rat): NOEL = 30 ppm:
LEL = 300 ppm; negative for oncogenic effects at
3000 ppm (HDT).
Mutagenic (dominant and nucleus): negative
Physiological and Biochemical Behavioral Characteristics
Mechanism of pesticidal action: Cyromazine is not a
cholinesterase inhibitor. As an insect growth regulator,
cyromazine exerts its toxic action by affecting the
nervous system of the immature stages (larvae) of certain
insects.
Environmental Characteristics
Cyromazine is practically nontoxic (acutely) to mammals
and birds. Exposure estimates for these organisms are
<0.05 ppm. Acute toxicity for birds is 1785 ppm maximum.
Safety factor is 105_i06 for birds. Acute toxicity for
mammals is 1000 ppm maximum. Safety factor is again
10 — 106. A summary of the environmental chemistry factors
to be considered in this hazard assessment indicates that:
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o Cyromazine is stable to hydrolysis; photolysis is the
dominant physico—chemical degradation mechanism.
o Cyromazine is not expected to build up in soils; at
5 ppm in chicken manure (5 tons/A) <0.05 ppm cyromazirie
is expected in soils. Half lives in soil—manure are
1 year (lab) and 12 weeks (field/greenhouse).
o Cyromazirie is not expected to build up in plants or
crops; <0.05 ppm is expected from typical chicken manure
applications.
o Cyromazine is not expected to build up in animal tissues;
fish bioconcentratiori factors are expected to be between
0.2—7 .8X.
o Cyromazine has no detrimental effects on soil microorganisms.
o Cyromazine has a low to moderate mobility in Sandy or
loam sand soils.
Ecological Characteristics:
Avian Acute Oral LD
Species
Mallard duck
Bobwhite quail
Peking duck
Avian Dietary LC 50
Species
Mallard duck
Bobwhite quail
LDç 0
>2510 mg/kg
1785 (1444—2206) mg/kg
>6000 mg/kg
>5620 ppm
>5620 ppm
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Fish Acute LC 50 (96—hr)
Species
Bluegill sunfish
Rainbow trout
Channel catfish
96 hr LC
>89.7 mg/i
>87.9 mg/i
>92.4 mg/i
Aquatic Invertebrate LC
Spec ies
Daphnia magna
hr Lç
>97.8 mg/i
Summary of Tolerances 40 CFR §180.414
Commod it ies
Eggs
Meat of Poultry
Fat of Poultry
Meat by—products of Poultry
Poultry feed (see 21 CFR)
Celery
Lettuce
Parts Per Million
0.25
0.05
0.05
0.05
5.0
10.0
5.0
4. SUMMARY OF REGULATORY POSITION
Use classification: N/A
Use, formulation or geographical restrictions: Larvadex has
been approved for use in poultry feed for caged layers as a
a feed through pesticide to control flies in the manure.
Trigard has been approved for use or. celery and lettuce
as a conventional spray on emulsion to control leafminers.
Products containing cyromazine are to be stored in cool,
dry places. There are no geographical restrictions or
unique warning statments required on the label.
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5. SUMMARY OF MAJOR DATA GAPS
Toxicology: None
Environmental Fate: Applicator Exposure Study
Environmental Safety: None
Residue Chemistry: None
6. CONTACT PERSON AT EPA
Arturo E. Castillo, PM—17
Insectjcide—Rodentjcjde Branch (TS—767)
401 M Street SW.
Washington, DC 20460
(703) 557—4414
DISCLAIMER: The information presented in this Chemical
Information Fact Sheet is for informational purposes only and
may not be used to fulfill data requirements for pesticide
registration and reregistration.
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