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°/EPA Pesticide
Fact Sheet
Name of Chemical: FLUVALINATE [MAVRIK®]
Reason for Issuance: Amended Registration (First Food Use)
Date Issued: March 31, 1986
Fact Sheet Number: 8£
1. Description of Chemical
Generic Name: N-[ 2-chl oro-4-( trifluorcme thyl)phenyl ]-
DL-valine(+)-cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl)
methyl ester.
Common Name: Fluvalinate.
Other Proposed Names: None.
Trade Names: MAVRIK®
FJPA/OPP Chemical Code (Shaughnessy) Number: 109302
Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Number: 69409-94-5
Year of Initial Registration: 1983
Pesticide Type: Insecticide/Acaricide.
Chemical Family: Synthetic pyrethroid.
U.S. and Foreign Producers: Zoecon Corporation.
2. Use Patterns and Formulations
Application Site: Nonbearing fruit and nut trees and vines; turf;
certain crops grown for planting seed; and cotton.
Pests Controlled: Tobacco bud worm; cotton bollworm; tarnished plant
bug; cotton leaf perforator; lygus bug; cabbage looper;
pea looper; alfalfa looper; mint looper; piik bollworm;
whit flies; fleahoppers; flea beetles; salt marsh
caterpillar; boll weevil; cotton leaf worn; garden
webworm; grasshoppers; aphids; twos pot ted spider mite;
pacific spider mite; strawberry spider mite; thrips';
leaf hoppers; beet armywrom; fall army worm; midge;
diamond back moth; corn earwonn (and other Heliothis
spp.); imported cabbageworm; cabbage pod weevils;
Japanese Beetle; Mexican bean beetle; blister .beetle;
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Pests Controlled (continued): cabbage flea leaf beetle; bean leaf
beetle; black pollen beetle; greenbag; fall webwonn;
leaftiers; onion m got; velvetbean caterpillar;
green clo erworm; cutworm (climbing and stn f ace
feeding); Mornon cricket; chinch bugs; earwigs;
ticks; ants; lawn noths (sod webwonns); Bermuda
mites; crickets; Bro m Dog Ticks; chiggers; clover
mites; sowbugs; millipedes; springtails (Collembola);
scales (crawlers); leafrollers; Stink bug; borers
(Lesser peach tree); Gypsy moth; Tusad moth; Red
humped caterpillar; tufted apple budmoth; canker rms;
rose chafer; a.lrQllios; tent caterpillars.
Types and Methods of Application: Aerial and ground (excluding liLy).
Application Rates: 0.025 to 0.15 pounds of active ingredient per acre per
application. Maximum of 0.5 pounds of active ingredient
per acre per year to cot ton.
Restrictions: 30—day pre—harvest interval following last application to
cotton.
Types of Formulations: F nulsifiable concentrate (2 pounds per gallon)
Flo ble concentrate (2 pounds per gallon)
3. Science Findings
Summary Science Statement :
Fluvalinate, a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide/acaricide, has moderate
to low ao.ite mammalian toxicity except that the fonnulated products are
highly corrosive to the eye. The Agency has a canplete battery of
subchronic and chronic toxicity data that denonstrate no significant
adverse effects.
Fluvalinate is slightly toxic to birds and highly toxic to some aquatic
organisms. Additional studies on ecological effects of fluvalinate are
r ui red.
A. Chemical Characteristics :
1. Physical State: Viscois oil.
2. Color: Yellxui to br jn.
3. Odor: Undetectable.
4. Boiling Point: >450°C.
5. Melting Point: N/A
6. Vapor Pressw e: <1. X Torr at 25°C.
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Chemical Characteristics (continued):
7. Density: 1.29 glcm 3 .
8. Solubility:
Water: 2 ppb.
Organic solvents: Very soluble
Aronntic hydrocarbons: Very soluble
Hexane: Slightly soluble
9. Dissociation Constant: N/A
10. Octanol/Water Partition Coefficient: >7000 (log K >3.8)
11. pH: N/A
12. Ox1dizii or Reducir Agent: N/A
13. Storage Stability: In glass 24 nths at 24°C and 42°C.
B. Toxicological Characteristics :
1. Acute Oral: 261 mg/kg (rat).
2. Acute De nal: LD 50 >20.1 g/kg (rat).
3. PrImary Eye Irritation: Moderately irritatir .
4. Prin ry Skin Irritation: Mildly irritating— erythen and
edema.
5. Skin Sensitization: Non—sensitizing.
6. Deimal Repeated Application: Systenic NOEL is 100 mg/kg.
7. 90—day Rat Feedir Study: No effects at 3.0 mg/kg/day
8. 6—nonths Dog Feedir Study: No effects at 5.0 mg/kg/day
9. Teratology: (rat) No effects at 50.0 mg/kg for terata (HDT).
Fetoto dcity noted at 50.0 mg/kg.
(rabbit) No effects at 125.0 mg/kg for terata.
Fetotoxicity noted at 50.0 mg/kg.
10. Reproduction: (rat) No effects at 20 ppm for reproductive
effects. Fetotoxicity noted at 250 aixi
500 ppm (500 ppm s the hi est dose
level tested).
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Toxicological Characteristics (continued):
11. Oncogenicity: (mouse) No oncogenic effects re noted at
dosage levels of 2, 10, and 20 mg/kg/day
(20 mg/kg/day s the highest dosage
level tested).
(rat) No oncogenic effects re noted at
dosage levels of 0.25, 0.5, 1.0 and
2.5 mg/kg/day (2.5 mg/kg/day s the
highest dosage level tested).
12. Mutagenic Effects: Non mutagen.
13. 21—day Delayed Neurotoxicity: (hen) No effects at 20,000
mg/kg/day.
C. Physiological and Biological Characteristics :
1. Foliar absorption: N/A.
2. Translocatjon: N/A.
3. t4echanisin of Pesticide Action: Neuropathy characteristic
of pyrethroid insecticides.
D. Environmental Characterisjtjcs :
1. Absorption and leaching in soil: Fluvalinate has little
potential to leach. However,
major soil n tabolites have
the potential. to leach in
some soils.
2. Hydrolysis: Fluvalinate is stable to hydrolysis at environn ntal
pH’s and tenperature.
3. Photolysis: Fluvalinate photodegrades in ueo.is solutions with
a half—life of 0.6 — 1.0 day yielding the haloaniline,
anilino acid and 3—phenoxybenzoic acid. Photodegrada—
on soil surface does not appear to ocoir.
4. Aerobic Soil Metabolism: Fluvalinate degrades in soil under
aerobic conditions with half—lives of
4 — 8 days in sandy lo , sandy clay
and clay soils.
5. Anaerobic Soil Metabolism: Fluvalinate will anaerobically
degrade in soil with a half—life
of 15 days in sandy loam soil.
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Environa ntal Characterisitics (continued):
6. Environnental Fate arEl Surface arEl Gro.ind Water
Contamination Concerns: Data submitted indicate that parent
fluvalinate has little p. tential to
leach. Major netabolites do have
potential to leach in some soils.
Low application rates, usually below
0.1 lb. a.i./acre will tend to decrease
the potential for ground and surface
water contanination.
7. Exposure of Humans and Nontarget Organisns to
Chanical or Degralaces: Fluvalinate products are classified
for restricted use. Minimal exposure
to humans is anticipated from use.
Additional data are needed to fully
assess the erwirornental fate and
ecological effects from fluvalinate.
8. Exposure During Reentry Operations: Not applicable for cotton
use.
E. Ecological Characteristics :
1. Hazards to Fish nd Wildlife:
Birds — Dietary and Ao.ite Toxicity:
Mallard ducks: Avian dietary LC 50 >5620 ppm.
Bobwhite quail: Avain acute oral L [ 0 >2510 mg/kg;
Avian dietary LC 50 >5620 ppm.
Fish:
Bluegill s .nfish 96 hr. LC 50 0.09 (0.7 — 1.1) ugh.
Rainb trait 96 hr. LC 50 2.9 (2.3 — 3.6) ugh.
Fresh iater Invertebrates;
Daphniamagna: 48 hr. LC 50 74(61 — 89) ug/l.
Myslxi shrimp: 48 hr. LC 50 2.9 (2.3 — 3.6) ugh.
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F. Tolerance Assessment :
The established tolerances for residues of fluvalinate
in or on raw agricultural can dities are published in
40 CFR 180.427. A sumnnry of these tolerances foll s:
U. S. Tolerances
Maximum Residue
Limits in Parts
Commodities Per Million (PPM )
Cottonseed 0.1
Cattle, fat 0.01
Cattle, mbyp 0.01
Cattle, meat 0.01
Eggs o.oi
Goat, fat 0.01
Goat, mbyp 0.01
Goat, nEat 0.01
Hogs, fat 0.01
Hogs, mbyp 0.01
Hogs, meat 0.01
Horses, fat 0.01
Horses, mbyp 0.01
Horses, meat 0.01
Milk 0.01
Poultry, fat 0.01
Poultry, nibyp 0.01
Poultry, neat 0.01
Sheep, fat 0.01
Sheep, inbyp 0.01
Sheep, meat 0.01
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Tolerance Assessment (continued):
The established food additive tolerances for residues of
fluvalinate are published in 21 CFR 561.437. A summary
of these tolerances follc js:
U. S. Tolerances
Maximum Residue
Limits in Parts
Commodities Per Million (PPM )
Cottonseed hulls 0.3
Cottonseed oil 1.0
The established Acceptabale Daily lntäce (ADI) for fluvalinate
is 0.01 mg/kg/day based on a 2—year rat feeding study and a
100 fold safety factor. The Maximum Permissible Intake (MPI)
has been calailated to 0.6 mg/kg/day for a 60 kg person. Based
on the established tolerances for residues of fluvalnate as
cited under 40 CFR 180.427 and 21 CFR 561.437, the Theoretical
Maximum Residue Concentration (ThRC) is 0.0504 mg/day for a
1.5 kg food diet for a 60 kg person. The TMRC is 8.40 % of the
AD I.
C. Reported Pesticide Incidents : Several.
Caused general complaints in nun rous rkers, such as:
1. transient coughing, sneezing and throat irritation;
2. itching, burning sensation mi the anus and/or face with
or without a rash, blisters and desquaimtion;
3. oailar irritation; and
4. headache and/or nausea.
4. Summary of Regulatory Position and Rationale
Fluvalinate, formulat 1 as a fl able concentrate aid an
emulsifiable concentrate, is registered for use on nonbearing
fruit and nit trees and vines, turf, certain crc s gr zn for
planting seed, and cotton. Because of toxicity to fish and
aquatic iiwertebrates, precautionary labeling (including
endangered species identification) is required to rn against
contan.ination ct bodies of ‘ater with iroducts containing
fluvalinate and restricted use classification is required.
The coixlititonal. r istration for fluvalinate is issLed for
a period ending August 31, 1989.
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5. Summary of Data Caps
Acute I C 50 Estuarine aud Marine 0rgani ns Study
(96 hour IC 50 for marine fish plus 48—hour EC 50
for c ’ster bryo larvae) — Guideline Reference
No. (GRN 72—3) — Due Date — June 30, 1986
Fish Early life st e study ((EN 72—4) —
Due Date — June 30, 1986
Two Field Dissipation Studies (Q N 164—1) —
Due Date — August 31, 1988
Rotational Cr Studies (CaN 165—1) —
Due Date — August 31, 1989
Aquatic Organimn Accumulation (CaN §72—6) —
Due Date — March 31, 1987
Fish — Life Cycle Test (CaN §72—5) —
Due Date — June 30, 1988
Simulated Field Testir — Aquatic 0rgani ns
(CaN 72—7) — Due Date December 31, 1988
6. Contact Person at EPA : George LaRocca
Product Manager 15
Insecticide—Rodenticide Branch (TS—676C)
401 M Street SJ.
Washir€ton, DC 20460
(703) 557—2400
DISCLAIMER: The infonnation presented in this Ch nica]. Information Fact
Sheet is for Informational purposes only and may not be used to fUlfill data
r uirenents for pesticide r istration and rer istration.
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