United States Office of Pestidda and Toxic Substances
Environmental Protection Office of Pentode Programs (TS-766C)
Agency Washington, DC 20460
&EBV Pesticide
Fact Sheet
Name of Chemical:
Reason for Issuance: New Chemical Registration
Date ISSUed: January 16, 1986
Fact Sheet Number:
DESCRIPTION OF CHEMICAL
Generic Name : 2-methyl-2-(methylsulf onyl) propana 1-0- (methyl ami no
carbonyl oximel)
Common Name: Aidoxycarb
Trade Name: Standak
Other Names: Sulfocarb, Aldicarb sulfone
EPA Shaughnessy Code: 110801
Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Number: 1646-88-4
Year of Initial Registration: 1986
Pesticide Type: Insecticide/Nematicide
Chemical Family: Carbamate
U.S. Producer: Union Carbide Agricultural Products Co., Inc.
No other producer at this time
USE PATTERNS AND FORMULATIONS
Application Sites; Containerized honey locust trees
(Commercial Use Only) to control honey
locust gall midge
Type of Formulations; Insecticide/fertilizer spike; registered
to International Spike, Inc.
Method of Application; Spike is inserted into soil in
container
Application Rate; One or more spikes of 1% active ingredient
per container, depending on size of container
or plant.
Usual Carriers; Formulation is a pressed mixture of aldoxycarb
and fertilizer chemicals.
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3. SCIENCE FINDINGS
Summary Science Statement
Technical aidoxycarb has high mammalian acute toxicity. It
has not been shown to cause oncogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic,
delayed rieurotoxin or reproduction effects. Aldoxycarb
is a known degradate/metabolite of aldicarb produced by the
oxidation of the thio—moiety.
Sufficient data are available to characterize aldoxycarb from
an environmental fate and ecological standpoint. Aldoxycarb is
extremely toxic to wildlife. Use precautions are being imposed
to reduce potential hazards. Although aldoxycarb has the
potential to contaminate groundwater under certain environmental
conditions, the proposed containerized plant use will preclude
any measurable contamination.
A tolerance assessment is not needed because the registered
use pattern is for an ornamental plant. There are no data
gaps.
Chemical Characteristics of Technical Aldoxycarb
Physical State Crystalline powder at 20°C
Color: White
Odor: Slightly sulfurous
Melting Point: 140—142° C
Vapor Pressure: 9 x l05 mm Hg at 25° C
Density: 1.35 g/cm 3 at 200 C
ph: 3—6
Toxicology Characteristics of Technical Aldoxycarb
Acute oral: 21.4 mg/kg, Toxicity Category I
Acute dermal: 1000 mg/kg, Toxicity Category II
Primary Dermal Irritation: No irritation, Toxicity Category III
Primary Eye Irritation: No irritation, Toxicity Category IV
Acute Inhalation: 0.209 mg/i, Toxicity Category II.
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Neurotoxicity: Not an acute delayed neurotoxic agent at doses
up to 250 mg/kg (highest dose tested (HDT)).
Oncogenicity: Two studies, rat and mouse. Both are acceptable
and are negative for oncogenic effects up to 9.6
mg/kg/day (HDT).
Teratogenicity: Two teratology studies, rat and rabbit have
been evaluated to deter-mine the teratogenic
potential of aldoxycarb. Both studies were
negative for teratogenic effects at levels up
to 9.6 mg/kg (HDT).
Reproduction/3—generatiofl: No effects on reproduction at levels
up to 9.6 mg/kg (HDT).
Metabolism: The metabolism of aldoxycarb is adequately under-
stood. It is metabolized by hydrolysis of the
carbamate ester to form the oxime. Other reactions
of the oxime occur.
Mutagenicity: Adequate studies are available to demonstrate
aldoxycarb is not a mutagen.
Physiological and Biochemical Behavioral Characteristics
Mechanism of pesticidal Action: A systemic insecticide/nemati—
cide which causes reversible carbamylation of the acetocholine-
sterase enzyme of tissues, allowing accumulation of acetyl—
choline at cholinergic neuroeffector junctions (muscarinic
effects) and at skeletal muscle myoneural junctions and in
autonomic ganglia (nicotinic effects). The central nervous
system is also impaired.
Symptoms of poisoning include: headache, dizziness, weakness,
ataxia, pinpoint pupils, blurred or dark vision, muscle twitching,
nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, convulsions and death. The onset
of these symptoms is rapid and their severity depends on the
dose. The immediate cause of death is usually respiratory
failure.
Metabolism and persistence in Plants and Animals :
Acceptable studies have been submitted which show aldoxycarb is
metabolized in plants and animals by hydrolysis of the carbamate
ester- to form the oxime. Further reactions of the oxime yield
aldoxycarb aldehyde, aldoxycarb alcohol, aldoxycarb acid and
aldoxycarb nitrile. The oxime and alcohol metabolites are
easily conjugatd to form water soluble glycosides, sulfates,
and other compounds.
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Environmental_Characteristics
In soil and water, aldoxycarb is very stable under acidic
conditions, stable at neutral conditions and very unstable to
hydrolysis at alkaline conditions. It is rapidly hydrolyzed to
sulfocarb oxime which in turn rapidly degrades to methane
sultoriic acid and 2—hydroxy isobutryraldehyde oxime. Aldoxycarb
is rapidly degraded to a variety of materials under both aerobic
and anerobic conditions. In certain soils, such as those with
a sandy loam texture, it has a half—life of 2—4 weeks.
Aldoxycarb is mobile in certain soil types and does have the
potential to contaminate groundwater under certain situations.
Soil types of high sand content and organic matter will promote
leaching of parent and degradation products, which are of lower
toxicity than that of the parent compound.
However, it is believed the containerized ornamental plant use
will not result in groundwater contamination because of the
fact that application is made to soils in containers.
Ecological Effects of Technical Aldoxycarb
Avian oral: Mallard duck — 33.5 mg/kg
Aviar. dietary: Waterfowl species (Mallard duck) — >10,000 ppm
Upland game species (Bobwhite quail) — 5,706 ppm
Freshwater fish: Coldwater species (rainbow trout) — 42.0 ppm
Warmwater species (bluegill sunfish) — 53.0 ppm
Acute Freshwater Invertebrates: Daphriia — 0.176 ppb
Precautionary language would be required for outdoor terrestrial
use for hazards to wildlife.
4. SUMMARY OF REGULATORY POSITION AND RATIONALE
The Agency has determined to register aldoxycarb for container-
ized ornamental plants because, adequate studies are available
to assess the toxicological and environmental characteristics of
aldoxycarb and its potential effects to humans from this use.
The Agency concludes from this studies that this use pattern
will not pose any unreasonable adverse effects to humans or the
environment. None of the criteria for unreasonable adverse
effects listed in section 162.11(a) of Title 40 of the U.S.
Code of Federal Regulations have been met or exceeded for this
use.
5. SUMMARY OF MAJOR DATA GAPS
There are no data gaps.
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6. CONTACT PERSON AT EPA
Jay S. Ellenberger
Product Manager (12)
Insecticide—Rodenticide Branch
Registration Division (TS—767C)
Office of Pesticide Programs,
Environmental Protection Agency,
401 M St., S.W.
Washington, D.C. 20460.
Office location and telephone number:
Rm. 202, Crystal Mall Bldg. 2
1921 Jefferson Davis Highway,
Arlington, VA 22202,
(703) 557—2386.
DISCLAIMER: The information presented in this Chemical Information
Fact Sheet is for informational purposes only and may not be use to
fulfill data requirements for pesticide registration and
reregistration.
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