ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
OFFICE OF ENFORCEMENT
EPA-330/2-76-001
REPORT ON
State Imp/ementation Plan
Air Pollution
Colli er Carbon and Chemical Company
LOS ANGELES COUNTY, CALIFORNIA
NATIONAL ENFORCEMENT INVESTIGATIONS CENTER
DENVER, COLORADO
AND
REGION IX, SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA
g £% \
FEBRUARY 1976

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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Office of Enforcement
STATE IMPLEMENTATION PLAN
INSPECTION OF
COLLIER CARBON AND CHEMICAL COMPANY
P.O. Box 128 Brea, California 92621
1480 W. Anaheim Street
Wilmington, California
714/529-2151
October 17, 1975
February 1976
NATIONAL ENFORCEMENT INVESTIGATIONS CENTER - Denver, Colorado
and
REGION IX - San Francisco, California

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CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION 		1
PROCESS DESCRIPTION 		2
POTENTIAL AIR EMISSION SOURCES
AND RELATED CONTROL EQUIPMENT ...	6
EMISSIONS DATA	7
SUMMARY OF VIOLATIONS 		10
INSPECTION SUMMARY 		10
APPENDIX A SELECT LAAPCD RULES

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INTRODUCTION
Background
Collier Carbon and Chemical Company, a subsidiary of the Union Oil
Company of California, is adjacent to the Union Oil refinery in Wilming-
ton, California. Collier processes spent alkylation acid (sulfuric
acid), sulfur, and hydrogen sulfide (I^S) gas, which are waste products
from the Union Oil refinery processes. The Company produces 380 m.tons
(420 tons)/day of sulfuric acid (H2S04) computed as 100% strength and
11-13 m.tons (12-14 tons)/day of ammonium sulfate (NH^SO^) computed as
100% strength from these waste products.
Collier employs twelve people and operates three 8-hour shifts per
day, 7 days per week, year around. Its operating periods are directly
tied to those of the Union Oil refinery.
On October 17, 1975, a process inspection was conducted at Collier
by NEIC personnel. The inspection was preceded by a letter to the
Company on September 8, 1975, announcing NEIC's intention to inspect the
facility and requesting substantial amounts of process information.
During the inspection, an examination was made of the manufacturing
equipment, potential air pollution emission sources, and air pollution
control equipment. The purpose of this inspection was to evaluate the
degree of compliance of this facility with the requirements of the State
Implementation Plan as required by Section 110 of the Clean Air Act, as
amended.
Company personnel were very cooperative throughout the inspection.
They supplied all EPA requested information during the interview or by
subsequent letter.

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2
Inspection Participants
Mr.	Bill Bowles-Plant Manager, Collier Carbon & Chemical Co.
Mr.	Herb Marquette-Acid Supervisor, Collier Carbon & Chemical Co.
Mr.	John Powell-Los Angeles County Air Pollution Control Dist. (LAAPCD)
Mr.	Raak Veblen-State of California Air Resources Board (ARB)
Mr.	Alvin Chun-USEPA, Region IX
Mr.	Paul dePercin-USEPA, NEIC
Dr.	Wayne C. Smith-USEPA, NEIC
Mr.	David L. Brooman-USEPA, NEIC
Applicable Regulations
The following rules contained in the Rules and Regulations of the
Los Angeles County Air Pollution Control District (LAAPCD) [detailed in
Appendix A] are applicable to the State Implementation Plan for this
facility:
Rule 50. Ringelmann Chart
Rule 51. Nuisance
Rule 52. Particulate Matter-Concentration
Rule 53.3. Sulfuric Acid Plants
Rule 54. Solid Particulate Matter-Weight
Rule 71. Carbon Monoxide
PROCESS DESCRIPTION
Figure 1 is a flow diagram of the sulfuric acid production facilities
used by Collier. The original plant was built in 1960. A brief des-
cription of the process follows.
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas, spent alkylation acid (sulfuric acid)
sludge, and molten sulfur are received via pipeline from the adjacent
Union Oil refinery. These materials are burned with air in a combustion

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Primary Cooler
Secondary Cooler
Fuel Gas —
Alky Acid —i
Air
3500
Steam
Sulfur
h2s
Combustion
Chamber
Waste
Heat
Boiler
Weak Acid
Main
Blower
Humidifying
Tower
J	*
Mist
PrecipitJi
tor
Air	>¦
Effluent
Stripper
,,Converted
J
Mist
- Air| Eliminator
Mist
Eliminator
93* .
Acid
1
Scrubber

Stack
H,0
Heat
Exchanger
— NH3
99% H2S0^-

SO2 Stripper
¦c.	 Air

A
Air
Air ¦
93*
Acid
1
Absorbing
Tower
H2SO4 Product
"To Storage	>
L.
FICURE 1
SCHEMATIC PROCESS DIACRAM
(NHA)2SOl4 To
Storage
J
COLLIER CARBON AND CHEMICAL CORP., LOS ANCELES, CA
.991
Acid
Drying
Tower
.Indicates Equipment Included
in AM-SOx System
Co

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4
chamber. Supplemental refinery fuel gas from Union Oil is used as
necessary to maintain combustion of the feed materials. Approximately
137 m.tons (150 tons)/day of spent alkylation acid, 40 m.tons (40 long
tons) per day of molten sulfur, and 40 m.tons (40 long tons) per day of
hydrogen sulfide are burned in the combustion chamber. The Union Oil
refinery is the sole source of these materials.
Products from the combustion chamber consist mainly of sulfur
dioxide (SO2) with smaller quantities of water, sulfur trioxide (SO^),
sulfuric acid mist, and ash residue. These combustion products are
passed through a waste heat boiler to produce 25 kg/cm (350 psi) steam
used elsewhere in the plant. Collier is also on a give-and-take steam
tie-in to the Union Oil refinery.
From the waste heat boiler, the combustion gases are passed through
a humidifying tower where they are contacted with water and/or weak acid
collected in downstream coolers, strippers, and the mist precipitator.
Resulting weak acid from the humidifying tower is recycled and burned in
the combustion chamber.
(
The combustion gases which are exhausted from the humidifying tower
are passed through a bank of three parallel primary coolers where a por-
tion of the water vapor and acid mists are separated from the gases and
routed to the weak acid stream.
From the primary coolers, the combustion gases pass through an
electrostatic precipitator mist collector. Acid mists collected by this
unit are recycled to the weak acid stream.
The exhaust gases from the mist precipitator are passed through two
parallel coolers which further condense water vapor and weak acid. The
condensed materials are routed to an effluent stripper unit where air is
introduced to strip sulfur dioxide gas. This stripped SO^ is re-intro-
duced into the combustion gas stream. The resulting liquid from the
effluent stripper is recycled to the weak acid stream.

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5
From the secondary coolers, the combustion gases are introduced into
a drying tower, where they are scrubbed countercurrently with 99%
strength sulfuric acid to remove the remaining traces of water vapor.
The acid discharged from the bottom of this tower is essentially 93%
strength acid. This acid is routed to a cross flow stripper unit and
contacted with an air stream. The air stream strips any SO2 gas from
the acid solution. The SC^ is reinjected into the combustion air
stream. The 93% acid solution is stored as product or for use later in
the process.
The combustion gases which exit the drying tower consist of highly
purified S0£ gas. This material is drawn through a blower and intro-
duced into the catalytic converter section of the process. A four-stage
vanadium pentoxide	catalytic converter is used to convert the
sulfur dioxide (S02) to sulfur trioxide (S03). The S03 is then intro-
duced into a countercurrent absorbing tower where it is scrubbed by,
and absorbed into, a 93% sulfuric acid solution. The resulting 99.4%
sulfuric acid is removed from the bottom of the absorbing tower and
piped to product storage.
The process was operated as described above until 1974. In January
1974 a Monsanto Co. AM-SOx tail gas scrubbing system was installed to
treat the off-gases from the absorbing tower. Installation of this
equipment was required to meet the emission requirements of Rule 53.3
of the LAAPCD Rules and Regulations. Rule 53.3 limits emissions of
sulfur compounds from sulfuric acid plants to 500 ppmv as S0£ and/or
91 kg (200 lb)/hr as S0£.
The AM-S0x system is a proprietary system which essentially uses
ammonia scrubbing of the tail gas to convert residual SO,, and S03 to
ammonium sulfate solution [Fig. 1].
Exhaust gases from the absorbing tower are passed through a mesh

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6
mat type mist eliminator and into a scrubber unit. Here they are con-
tacted with water and anhydrous ammonia to form an ammonium sulfite
solution. Approximately 2.3 to 2.7 m.tons (2.5 to 3 tons) of anhydrous
ammonia are used per day. Exhaust gases from this scrubber are dis-
charged to a second mesh mat type mist eliminator and ultimately out an
exhaust stack.
The ammonium sulfite solution discharged from the scrubber unit is
mixed with 99% sulfuric acid and introduced into a S02 stripper unit. Here
air is contacted with the solution to strip out any unreacted S02- The
SO2 is returned to the combustion gas stream of the acid plant ahead of
the drying tower and catalyst converter units. The 40% ammonium sulfate
solution removed from the S02 stripper is piped to storage.
POTENTIAL SOURCES OF AIR POLLUTION EMISSIONS AND RELATED CONTROL EQUIPMENT
The acid plant itself, an auxiliary process heater, and evaporative
losses from storage tanks are the potential sources of air pollution
emissions at Collier. Each is briefly discussed below.
Acid Plant
The main potential source of emissions at the acid plant is the
exhaust stack from the AM-SO tail gas treatment system. The ammonia
A
scrubber unit is a control device which removes residual S02 and SO^
from the catalytic converter exhaust gases. The mist eliminator down-
stream from the ammonia scrubber controls the emission of sulfuric acid
mist.
There are no emergency relief valves on the acid plant equipment which
would allow discharge of pollutants to the atmosphere. There is one vacuum
seal downstream of the electrostatic precipitator which insures that ex-
cessive vacuum does not occur in the ESP, primary coolers, humidifying
tower, etc. If, however, this seal opens, air is drawn into the process.

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7
Auxiliary Heater
There is an auxiliary heater unit attendant to the acid plant
which is used strictly during startup situations. The heater is used to
heat air which is passed over the vanadium pentoxide catalyst beds to
preheat them after a process shutdown. The preheat furnace is used for
approximately 12 to 14 hours every 18 months or so, depending on the
frequency of the Union Oil Company refinery turnarounds.
The preheat furnace is a John Zink unit with a burner capacity of
3.78 x 10^ kg cal (15 x 10^ Btu)/hr. The unit is fueled by natural gas
purchased from Southern California Gas Company. It uses 425 m (15,000
3	?
ft )/hr of natural gas with a heat content of 9,300 kg cal/m (1,050
Btu/ft3).
There are no emission control devices on the preheat furnace.
Storage Tanks
Table 1 lists the storage tanks in use at this facility, the com-
modities stored therein, the size of the tanks, and the evaporative loss
control devices employed, if any. All are fixed roof tanks.
The skim oil tank listed is used to store oil-type materials which
come in with the spent alkylation acid from the Union Oil refinery. The
oil is skimmed from the acid, stored in this tank and sold as byproduct.
EMISSIONS DATA
Source Test Data
On May 29, 1974, the LAAPCD conducted source tests on the exhaust
emissions from the AM-SOx tail gas treating system (LAAPCD test No. C-2127).

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8
Table 1
STORAGE TANK LISTING
COLLIER CARBON & CHEMICAL COMPANY
WILMINGTON3 CALIFORNIA
Stored	Storage Capacity
Tank No.
Commod i ty
(m3)
(gal)
Control Device
F-301
Spent Acid
640
169,248
Conservation vent+
F-302
93% H2S04
640
169,203
None
F-303
99% H2S04 ++
640
169,279
Conservation Vent
F-304
99% H2S04
640
169,367
None
F-110
99% H2S04
105
27,917
None
F-lll
99% H2S04
150
39,266
None
F-l 08
Sulfur
115
30,649
None
F—313
Sulfur
73
19,223
None
F-314
Skim Oil
15
4,000
Tied to Spend Acid Tank
F-305
H20 Storage
160
42,000
None
F-320
NH^ (anhydrous)
45
12,000
Pressure Vessel
F-321
Sulfate
57
15,000
None
t Conservation vent set to open to atmosphere at approximately 7. 6 em
(3 in) of water vacuum or pressure.
ft Can also be used for spent acid.

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9
The results of this test indicated particulate emissions of 19.9 mg/m3
(.0087 gr/scf) and 0.7 kg (1.5 lb)/hr. Sulfur compound emissions were
found to be 270 ppmv and 24 kg (53.3 lb)/hr as S02.
Using the above data supplied by the LAAPCD, the emission flow rate
during the test can be computed to be approximately 570 std. m3/min
(20,000 scfm). At this emission rate, Rule 52 of the LAAPCD allows a
particulate concentration of 145 mg/m3 (0.0635 gr/scf). The actual
particulate concentration found during the test was well below this
level.
Since the acid plant production rate during the test is not known,
it is not possible to determine if the 0.7 kg (1.5 lb)/hr particulate
emission rate is within the allowable limits of the LAAPCD Rule 54.
However, since the plant can produce 15,900 kg (35,000 lb)/hr of sul-
furic acid and 530 kg (1,170 lb)/hr of ammonium sulfate, the 0.7 kg
(1.5 lb)/hr particulate rate appears well below the allowable limit for
normal operating periods.
The sulfur compound emissions determined during the test were well
within the allowable limits of Rule 53.3 which permits 500 ppmv and 91
kg (200 lb)/hr as S02-
Continuous Monitoring Equipment
Collier has installed a DuPont Model 400 photometric continuous S02
analyzer to monitor the exhaust emissions from the AM-S0 tail qas
x
treatment system. Stack gases are transported through approximately 18 m
(60 ft) of heat-traced teflon tubing to the analyzer which is at ground
level in the process area. The analyzer is equipped with a strip chart
recorder but does not have an alarm system.

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10
Calculated Emission Rates
The EPA publication AP-42 Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission
Factors, Second Edition (Second Printing with Supplements 1-4) presents
a thorough discussion of sulfuric acid plants, emission control equip-
ment, and pollutant emission factors. Unfortunately, no emission factors
are given for plants which incorporate AM-S0x or equivalent tail gas
treatment systems. It is not possible, therefore, to compute theoretical
emission rates for the Collier system.
SUMMARY OF VIOLATIONS
A review of the LAAPCD records indicates that a citation was issued
to the Company on August 26, 1969 for emissions of "noxious acids" with
an opacity of 60% for 7 minutes. Collier pleaded nolo contendre and
paid a fine of $125.
There have been no recent citations issued to the Company. All
equipment at the plant is operating under a valid LAAPCD permit.
INSPECTION SUMMARY
At the time of this inspection, the acid plant was operating nor-
mally. A complete walkthrough inspection was made of the process.
Housekeeping at the plant appeared excellent. There were no noticeable
leaks or spill areas.
A slight detached plume was noted from the exhaust stack on the AM-
S0x tail gas treating unit, but the plume was below 20% opacity.
The DuPont S02 analyzer was observed to be operating. A review of
the strip chart indicated that no excursions of stack gas concentration
of SO2 above 500 ppmv had occurred during the past 24 hours.

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APPENDIX A
Select LAAPCD Rules and Regulations

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APPENDIX A
-•V
County of Los Angeles
Air Pollution Control District

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IV
Prohibitions

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Rule 50. Ringelmann Chart.
(Effective January 6, 1972 for any source not completed and put into
service. Effective for all sources on January 1, 1973.)
A person shall not discharge into the atmosphere from any single
source of emission whatsoever any air contaminant for a period or periods
aggregating more than three minutes in any one hour which is.
a.	As dark or darker in shade as that designated No. 1 on the Ringel-
mann Chart, as published by the United States Bureau of Mines, or
b.	Of such opacity as to obscure an observer's view to a degree
equal to or greater than does smoke described in subsection (a) of this
Rule.
This amendment shall be effective on the date of its adoption for any
source of emission not then completed and put into service. As to all other
sources of emission this amendment shall be effective on January 1, 1973.
Rule 51. Nuisance.
A person shall not discharge from any source whatsoever such quanti-
ties of air contaminants or other material which cause injury, detriment,
nuisance or annoyance to any considerable number of persons or to the
public or which endanger the comfort, repose, health or safety of any such
persons or the public or which cause or have a natural tendency to cause
injury or damage to business or property.
Rule 52., Particulate Matter - Concentration.
(Effective January 6, 1972 for any equipment not completed and put
into service. Effective for all equipment on January 1, 1973.)
A person shall not discharge into the atmosphere from any source par-
ticulate matter in excess of the concentration shown in the following table:
(See Rule 52 Table)
Where the volume discharged falls between figures listed in the table,
the exact concentration permitted to be discharged shall be determined by
linear interpolation.
The provisions of this rule shall not apply to emissions resulting from
the combustion of liquid or gaseous fuels in steam generators or gas turbines.
For the purposes of this rule "particulate matter" includes any material
which would become particulate matter if cooled to standard conditions.
This amendment shall be effective on the date of its adoption for any

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equipment not then completed and put into service. As to all other equip
ment this amendment shall be effective on January 1, 1973.
Table For Rule 52
Volume Discharged-
Maximum Concentra-
Volume Discharged--
Maximum Concentra-
Cubic Feet Per Minute
tion of Particulate Mat-
Cubic Feet Per Minute
tion of Particuldte Mat
Calculated as Dry Gas
ter Allowed in Dis-
Calculated as Dry Gas
ter Allowed in Dis-
•t Standard Conditions charged Gas-Grains Per
at Standard Conditions
chared Gas-Grains Per

Cubic Foot of Dry Gas

Cubic Foot of Dry Gas

at Standard Conditions

at Standard Conditions
1000 or less
0.200
20000
0.0635
1200
.187
30000
.0544
1400
.176
40000
.0487
1600
.167
50000
.0447
1800
.160
60000
.0417
2000
.153
70000
.0393
2500
.141
80000
.0374
3000
.131
100000
.0343
3500
.124
200000
.0263
4000
.118
400000
.0202
5000
.108
600000
.0173
6000
.101
800000
.0155
7000
.0949
1000000
.0142
8000
.0902
1500000
.0122
10000
.0828
2000000
.0109
15000
.0709
2500000 or more .0100
Rule 53. Sulfur Compounds - Concentration.
A person shall not discharge into the atmosphere sulfur compounds,
which would exist as a liquid or ga$ at standard conditions, exceeding in
concentration at the point of discharge, 0.2 per cent by volume calculated
as sulfur dioxide (SO2).
, Rule 53.1. Scavenger Plants.
Where a separate source of air pollution is a scavenger or recovery

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plant, recovering pollutants which would otherwise be emitted to the atmos-
phere, the Air Pollution Control Officer may grant a permit to operate
where the total emission cf pollutants is substantially less with the plant in
operation than when closed, even though the concentration exceeds that
permitted by Rule 53(a). The Air Pollution Control Officer shall report
immediately in writing to the Air Pollution Control Board the granting of
any such permit, together with the facts and reasons therefor.
Effective July 1, 1973, this Rule is repealed for sulfur recovery units.
Effective January 1, 1974, this Rule is repealed for sulfuric acid units.
Rule 53.2. Sulfur Recovery Units.
A person shall not, after June 30, 1973, discharge into the atmosphere
from any sulfur recovery unit producing elemental sulfur, effluent process
gas containing more than:
1.	500 parts per million by volume of sulfur compounds calculated
as sulfur dioxide.
2.	10 parts per million by volume of hydrogen sulfide.
3.	200 pounds per hour of sulfur compounds calculated as sulfur
dioxide.
Any sulfur recovery unit having an effluent process gas discharge con-
taining less than 10 pounds per hour of sulfur compounds calculated as sul-
fur dioxide may dilute to meet the provision of number (1) above.
Rule 53.3- Sulfuric Acid Units.
A person shall not, after December 31, 1973, discharge into the atmos-
phere from any sulfuric acid unit, effluent process gas containing more than:
1.	500 parts per million by volume of sulfur compounds calculated
as sulfur dioxide.
2.	200 pounds per hour of sulfur compounds calculated as sulfur
dioxide.

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Rule 54. Solid Particulate Matter - Weight.
(Effective January 6, 1972 for any equipment not completed and put
into service. Effective for all equipment on January 1, 1973.)
A person shall not discharge into the atmosphere from any source
solid particulate matter, including lead and lead compounds, in excess of
the rate shown in the following table: (See Rule 54 Table)
TABLE FOR RULE 54
(Amended January 6. 1972)
Process Weight
Maximum Discharge
Process Weight
Maximum Discharge
Per Hour-
Rate Allowed for Solid
Per Hour-
Rate Allowed for Solid
Pounds Per Hour
Particulate Matter
Pounds Per Hour
Particulate Matter

(Aggregate Discharged

(Aggregate Discharged

From All Points of

From All Points of

Process)-Pounds

Process)-Pounds

Per Hour

Per Hour
250 or less
1.00
12000
10.4
300
1.12
14000
10.8
350
1.23
16000
11.2
400
1.34
18000
11.5
450
1.44
20000
11.8
500
1.54
25000
12.4
600
1.73
30000
13.0
700
1.90
35000
13.5
800
2.07
40000
13.9
900
2.22
45000
14.3
1000
2.38
50000
14.7
1200
2.66
60000
15.3
1400
2.93
70000
15.9
1600
3.19
80000
16.4
1800
3.43
90000
16.9
2000
3.66
100000
17.3
2500
4.21
120000
18.1
3000
4.72
140000
18.8
3500
5.19
160000
19.4
4000
5.64
180000
19.9
4500
6.07
200000
20.4
5000
6.49
250000
21.6
5500
6.89
300000
22.5
6000
7.27
350000
23.4
6500
7.64
400000
24.1
7000
8.00
450000
24.8
7500
8.36
500000
25.4
8000
8.70
600000
26.6
8500
9.04
700000
27.6
9000
9.36
800000
28.4
9500
9.68
900000
29.3
10000
10.00
1000000 or
more 30.0

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Where the process weight per hour falls between figures listed in the
table, the exact weight of permitted discharge shall be determined by linear
interpolation.
For the purposes of this rule "solid particulate matter" includes any
material which would become solid particulate matter if cooled to standard
conditions.
This amendment shall be effective on the date of its adoption for any
equipment not then completed and put into service. As to all other equip-
ment this amendment shall be effective on January 1, 1973.
Rule 55. Exceptions.
The provisions of Rule 50 do not apply to:
a.	Smoke from fires set by or permitted by any public officer
if such fire is set or permission given in the performance of the official
duty of such officer, and such fire in the opinion of such officer is
necessary:
1.	For the purpose of the prevention of a fire hazard
which cannot be abated by any other means, or
2.	The instruction of public employees in the methods of
fighting fire.
b.	Smoke from fires set pursuant to permit on property used
for industrial purposes for the purpose of instruction of employees in
methods of fighting fire.
c.	Agricultural operations in the growing of crops, or raising of
fowls or'animals.
d.	The use of an orchard or citrus grove heater which does not
produce unconsumed solid carbonaceous matter at a rate in excess of
one(1) gram per minute.
C. The use of other equipment in agricultural operations in the
growing of crops, or raising of fowls or animals.

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Rule 68.1. Fuel Burning Equipment - Combustion Contaminants.
A person shall not discharge into the atmosphere combustion contami-
nants exceeding in concentration at the point of discharge, 0.3 grain per
cubic foot of gas calculated to 12 per cent of carbon dioxide (CO2) at
standard conditions.
Rule 69. Vacuum Producing Devices or Systems.
A person shall not discharge into the atmosphere more than 3 pounds
of organic materials in any one hour from any vacuum producing devices or
systems including hot wells and accumulators, unless said discharge has been
reduced by at least 90 per cent.
This rule shall be effective at the date of its adoption for any equip-
ment not then completed and put into service. As to all other equipment
this rule shall be effective on July 1, 1972.
Rule 70. Asphalt Air Blowing.
A person shall not operate or use any article, machine, equipment or
other contrivance for the air blowing of asphalt unless all gases, vapors and
gas-entrained effluents from such an article, machine, equipment or other
contrivance are:
a.	Incinerated at temperatures of not less than 1400 degrees
Fahrenheit for a period of not less than 0.3 second, or
b.	Processed in such a manner determined by the Air Pollution
Control Officer to be equally, or more, effective for the purpose of air
pollution control than (a) above.
This' rule shall be effective at the date of its adoption for any equip-
ment not then completed and put into service. As to all other equipment
this rule shall be effective on July 1, 1972.
Rule 71. Carbon Monoxide.
A person shall not, after December 31, 1971, discharge into the atmos-
phere carbon monoxide (CO) in concentrations exceeding 0.2 per cent by
volume measured on a dry basis.
The provisions of this rule shall not apply to emissions from internal

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&
COLLIER CARBON AND CHEMICAL COMPANY
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
Collier Carbon and Chemical Company operates a 380 m tons
(420 tons)/day sulfuric acid plant at this facility. Raw materials
for the process are spent alkylation acid, molten sulfur, and hydrogen
sulfide gas, which are all waste products from the adjacent Union Oil
Company refinery. Sulfuric acid is produced by the contact process.
Collier has recently installed a Monsanto Company AM-SO tail gas
treatment plant to treat the exhaust gases from the sulfuric acid plant.
Approximately 11-13 m. tons (12-14 tons)/day of ammonium sulfate result
from this process.
On October 17, 1975, NEIC conducted an air pollution related in-
spection at this facility. Substantial amounts of process and air pol-
lution control equipment information were requested of, and received
from, Collier. The Los Angeles County Air Pollution Control District
(LAAPCD) was requested to supply information pertaining to stack testing
conducted at this facility and any violation notices issued to Collier.
The following conclusions were derived based on the inspection and
information obtained:
1. The AM-SOx tail gas treatment unit appeared to be operating
satisfactorily during the inspection. A slight detached
plume was noted from its exhaust stack, but the plume was
below 20% opacity. The DuPont continuous S02 analyzer strip
chart showed that no SO^ concentrations higher than 500 ppmv
had occurred in the exhaust gases during the previous 24 hours.

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2.	Stack tests conducted by the LAAPCD during May 1974, indicated
that the AM-SOx system exhaust complied with Rule 54. S0£ con-
centrations monitored during this test were 270 ppmv.
3.	All equipment at the plant is operating under a valid LAAPCD
permit.
4.	Housekeeping at the plant was excellent.
RECOMMENDATIONS
The DuPont continuous SO2 analyzer should be equipped with an alarm
system which will alert the operator to malfunctions which cause the
stack gas SO2 concentration to approach 500 ppmv.

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