United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Office of Pollution
Prevention and Toxics
(7408)
EPA 745-K-96-011
September 1996
EPA's 33/50 Program
Seventh Progress Report
33/50 Hits the Mark!
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TRI REPORTING PROFILES FOR
33/50 PROGRAM CHEMICALS
INTRODUCTION
The 33/50 Program, an EPA voluntary pollution
reduction initiative, derives its name from its
overall goals—an interim goal of a 33% reduc-
tion in 1992 and an ultimate goal of a 50%
reduction in 1995 in releases and transfers of 17
high-priority toxic chemicals, using 1988 TRI
reporting as a baseline. During 1988, 1.49
billion pounds of the target chemicals were
either released to the environment on-site or
transferred off-site to waste management facili-
ties. The aim of the 33/50 Program was to
reduce this amount by at least 50%—747 mil-
lion pounds—by 1995, with an interim reduction
target of more than 493 million pounds by 1992.
The 33/50 Program, the grandparent of EPA's
growing array of voluntary environmental
programs, represented at its inception an
innovative experiment aimed at demonstrating
whether voluntary partnerships can augment the
Agency's traditional command-and-control
approach by achieving targeted reductions more
quickly than would regulations alone. The
positive results from this experiment in
corporate environmental voluntarism are best
reflected in the rapid expansion of EPA volun-
33/50 Hits the Mark!
The 33/50 Program achieved overall reductions of 50.7% in 1994, a full year ahead of the 1995 target
date for a 50% reduction. All told, 757 million pounds of releases and transfers have been eliminated
since the 1988 baseline year for the program.
Other notable 33/50 achievements include:
• The 1,300 companies participating in 33/50 are projecting continued reductions in 1995 and 1996.
• The 17 chemicals targeted by 33/50 have been reduced at nearly twice the rate of other TRI
chemicals, since 1991 when the Program began.
• 33/50 participants have gone well beyond their commitments, achieving 50% more than the amount
of reductions originally pledged to the program.
• 33/50 participants are achieving reductions at a much faster rate than other companies—50% vs. 30%
from 1991 through 1994 and 60% vs. 35% since 1988.
• Overall generation of production-related waste for the 33/50 chemicals has declined slightly since
1991 and is projected to continue declining, even as waste for all other TRI chemicals increases.
• 33/50 chemicals are more frequently targeted for source reduction than other TRI chemicals.
Box1.
33/50 Program Highlights
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33/50 Program: Seventh Progress Report
tary programs since 33/50 was announced in
February 1991. The 33/50 Program is now one
of 27 voluntary partnership programs and
initiatives underway at EPA.
The 33/50 Program is also part of a broad group
of EPA activities designed to encourage pollu-
tion prevention as the best means of achieving
reductions in toxic chemical releases and
transfers. The hallmark of 33/50's response to
this challenge is its top-down approach. More
than 20,000 TRI facilities have reported 33/50
Program chemicals to TRI since 1988. By
contacting the chief executives of nearly 9,000
parent companies of these facilities, the Program
seeks to instill a pollution prevention ethic
throughout the highest echelons of American
business.
At the time the 33/50 Program was formulated,
1988 was the most recent year for which
national TRI data were available, and the Pro-
gram's baseline and goals were set accordingly.
Reductions that companies achieved between
1988 and 1990 therefore contribute to the 33/50
Program's national reduction goals. However,
these prior reductions should not be viewed as
resulting from the 33/50 Program, as companies
were first informed about the Program in
February 1991.
Many states, a number of industry associations,
and numerous individual companies include
33/50 Program chemicals within the scope of
their own environmental initiatives. Twenty-six
states had established toxics use reduction and
pollution prevention programs prior to estab-
lishment of the 33/50 Program, and these
contributed to its design. Others have used the
33/50 Program as a model. EPA views the 33/50
Program as an umbrella under which the federal
government, states, industry, and communities
work in partnership to achieve common goals.
Any progress in reducing releases and transfers
of 33/50 Program chemicals reflects the efforts
of all these partners.
Analyses of 33/50 Program progress consider
only those data elements that facilities were
required to report in 1988: environmental
releases and transfers off-site for treatment and
disposal (including transfers to POTWs).
Transfers off-site for energy recovery and for
recycling are not included in 33/50 Program
goals. These data, along with waste manage-
ment data (also reported to TRI only since 1991)
for the 17 target chemicals, are presented and
analyzed in this chapter, but do not contribute to
assessments of the 33/50 Program's progress in
meeting its national pollution reduction goals.
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
Findings revealed in the 1994 TRI reporting
data are summarized below. The data them-
selves are presented hi subsequent sections.
33/50 Program's National 50% Reduction
Goal Achieved Ahead of Schedule
• Releases and transfers of 33/50 Program
chemicals were reduced by an additional
62 million pounds (7.8%) in 1994, bringing
total reductions since 1988 to 757 million
pounds and exceeding the Program's
ultimate 1995 50% national pollution
reduction goal by more than 10 million
pounds a full year ahead of schedule (see
Figure 1).
• 33/50's interim 1992 33% reduction goal
was also achieved a year early, and reduc-
tions through 1992 exceeded the interim
goal by more than 100 million pounds.
• Facilities are projecting continued reductions
in their releases and transfers of 33/50
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33/50 Program: Seventh Progress Report
Millions of Pounds
1,750
1,500 -
1,250 -
1,000
750
500 -
250 -
1992 Goal:
1001 Million
Pounds
1995 Goal:
747 Million
Pounds
1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994
Figure 1. TRJ Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals, 1988-1994.0
Program chemicals in 1995 and 1996,
demonstrating that American industry's
commitment to voluntary environmental
action is not ending with the achievement of
the Program's namesake goals.
33/50 Program Chemicals
Outpace Other TRI Reductions
• Releases and transfers for treatment and
disposal of 33/50 Program chemicals were
reduced at more than twice the rate observed
for all other TRJ chemicals from 1993 to
1994(7.8% vs. 3.5%).
• Since the Program' s announcement in 1991,
33/50 chemical reductions have outpaced
reductions for all other TRI chemicals by
nearly two to one (41.6% vs. 22.3%).
33/50 Program Participants
Account for Most Reductions
Since the Program began in 1991, facilities
owned by companies enrolled as 33/50
participants reduced releases and transfers of
the Program's 17 target chemicals by 49.5%,
while non-participating companies' facilities
Does not include amounts for transfers to recycling and energy recovery reported for 1991-1994.
5
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isr^' 33/50 Program: Seventh Progress Report
achieved only a 30.3% reduction. Since
1988, participants outpaced non-participants
60% vs. 35%.
33/50 participants accounted for nearly half
(46%) of the total reduction in Program
chemical releases and transfers in the last
year. Since the Program began in 1991,
participants have accounted for 70% of the
reductions, and 561 million pounds (74%) of
the 757 million pounds reduced since 1988.
Air Emissions Account for Majority
of 33/50 Program Reductions
• Nearly three-quarters of the reductions in
33/50 Program releases and transfers since
1988 (557 million pounds) were achieved
through reduced air emissions (fugitive and
stack).
Organic Chemicals Dominate
Inorganics in 33/50 Program Reductions
• The 11 organic chemicals included among
33/50's 17 target chemicals accounted for
93% (706 million pounds) of 33/50 Program
reductions between 1988 and 1994, while
inorganics accounted for 7%.
• The percentage reduction in releases and
transfers of organics was also much larger
from 1988 to 1994 than for inorganics (53%
vs. 31%).
33/50 Program Chemicals in
Production-related Waste
Projected to Decline
• Total production-related waste associated
with 33/50 Program chemicals increased
slightly (1.6%) from 1993 to 1994. but at a
1994- 1995-
1995 1996
Projected
Figure 2. Percent Change in Total Production-
related Waste, 33/50 Chemicals vs.
Other TRI Chemicals, 1991-1996.Q
significantly lower rate than observed for
other TRI chemicals in waste (5.8%) (see
Figure 2).
Since 1991, 33/50 chemicals in waste have
been reduced slightly (1%), compared with
an increase of more than 9% for other TRI
chemicals in waste.
33/50 chemicals in waste are projected to
decline by 4.5% in 1995 and more than 7%
by 1996, while facilities expect other TRI
chemicals in waste to continue increasing
(4.3% in 1995 and 6% by 1996).
Data for 1991 as reported on 1991 forms; data for 1992 as reported on 1992 forms; all other years from 1994 forms. Does not
include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1994. and ammonia, ammonium sulfate (solution), and sulfuric acid.
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Facilities owned by 33/50 Program partici-
pating companies reported a slight increase
in production-related waste (0.2%) while
facilities owned by non-participating parent
companies reported a 3.4% increase.
Participating companies' facilities project a
13.4% decrease in production-related waste
of 33/50 chemicals by 1996, compared to a
1.2% increase projected by non-participants.
33/50 Program Chemicals Targeted
for Greater Source Reduction Activities
• Nearly a third of the Form Rs submitted for
33/50 Program chemicals reported the
occurrence of a source reduction activity in
1994, compared to a fifth of the forms for
other TRI chemicals.
• Nearly 7,000 source reduction activity
reports were submitted for the seventeen
33/50 chemicals, representing more than
40% of all source reduction activities
reported to TRI for 1994.
• Individual 33/50 Program chemicals had
some of the highest levels of source reduc-
tion activity reporting in 1994. The top three
TRI chemicals for number of forms report-
ing source reduction activities in 1994 were
33/50 Program targets, and several others
are among the top 50.
COMPANYPARTICIPATION
IN THE 33/50 PROGRAM
While the 33/50 Program did not have a fixed
goal for the number of companies electing to
participate, the Program nonetheless placed
considerable emphasis on outreach to com-
panies in an effort to promote a pollution
prevention ethic as widely as possible.
33/50 Program: Seventh Progress Report
Numbers of Companies Participating
Initial communications about the 33/50 Program
were directed to the chief executive officers of
the parent companies of the more than 20,000
industrial facilities that reported to TRI any of
the Program's 17 target chemicals from 1988 to
1994. At the close of the Program's fifth and
final year in February 1996, nearly 9,000
companies had been contacted by EPA with
invitations to participate. Of these, nearly 1,300
companies (14.4%) elected to enroll (see Figure
3). Releases and transfers reported by facilities
belonging to these companies represent 63% of
the 1988 releases and transfers of
33/50 Program chemicals and 51% of the 1994
quantities.
The "Top 600" companies with the greatest
amounts of releases and transfers were the first
to be contacted and were the focus of greater
outreach follow-up from the Program's head-
quarters and Regional Office staffs. This
concentration on larger companies proved quite
effective, with more than 60% of these compa-
nies electing to participate. However, less than
13% of the nearly 7,500 smaller companies
chose to enroll.
Reductions Pledged by
Participating Companies
While the Program's national goals were
targeted for achievement by 1992 and 1995 (and
achieved ahead of schedule), companies were
encouraged to set their own reduction goals
oriented to their own time frames. Nearly 1,100
(85%) of the 1,300 participating companies
provided release/transfer reduction targets for
33/50 Program chemicals totalling 385 million
pounds. Reduction commitments averaged
slightly less than 50% per participating
company.
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i^ 33/50 Program: Seventh Progress Report
Participants
Number of Companies
Pledged Reductions
Millions of Pounds
1,400
1,200 -
1,000 -
800 -
600 -
40U -
1,272 1'294
1,216
1,041
734
236
200 - •
n - -^H^
1995 Goal
747 million
pounds
1992 Goal
493 million
pounds
304
354
355 368 377
1,400
- 1,200
1,000
800
600
400
200
July Feb. Mar. Mar. Feb. Jan. July Feb. Mar. Mar. Feb. Jan.
'91 '92 '93 '94 '95 '96 '91 '92 '93 '94 '95 '96
Figure 3. 33/50 Program Participant Status, January 1996.
Most of the remaining Program participants also
developed reduction targets, but have structured
them in ways that are difficult to assess against
the 1988 release/transfer baseline. For example,
some companies have reduction goals that are
indexed to changes in production. If production
remains constant throughout the duration of the
Program, these can be read as direct reductions
targets. However, where production increases or
decreases, the absolute impact of the company's
reduction pledge cannot be determined in
advance. Accordingly, EPA has not factored
these commitments into its assessment of total
release/transfer reductions anticipated to be
obtained through the 33/50 Program.
Other Program participants have developed
reduction goals that go beyond the goals of the
33/50 Program. Some have pledged to reduce all
TRI releases and transfers by specified amounts
or percentages, but have not indicated specific
targets for 33/50 Program chemicals. Others
have gone beyond targeting end-of-pipe releases
or transfers by attempting to reduce their actual
use of toxic chemicals, but have not stipulated
the impact such pollution prevention initiatives
will have on environmental releases of 33/50
Program chemicals. As a result, the 385 million
pounds of release/transfer reductions represent a
lower bound on the reductions that companies
attempted under the 33/50 Program.
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Actual Reductions Outpacing Pledges
As evidenced in the TRI reporting data, actual
reductions being achieved by companies for the
Program's 17 target chemicals are exceeding
significantly EPA's conservative interpretation
of companies' reduction pledges. The 757 mil-
lion pounds of 33/50 Program chemical releases
and transfers reduced between 1988 and 1994 is
more than twice the 385 million pounds pledged
by participating companies to be reduced by
1995.
Some of these additional reductions result from
decreases being achieved by companies that are
not participating in the 33/50 Program [about
196 million pounds (26%) through 1994]. Some
are due to the efforts of participating companies
whose reduction pledges could not be factored
into the national total. Significantly, however,
companies that made reduction pledges
achieved substantially greater results than they
anticipated.
33/50 Program Participants
Are Continuing Their Reductions
The 33/50 Program seeks to instill among its
participants a commitment to continuous and
comprehensive environmental improvement.
Many participants targeted additional reductions
for after 1995, for other chemicals besides the
Program's 17 target chemicals, and for facilities
outside of the United States. Altogether, more
than 200 participants made extended pollution
reduction pledges. As discussed below, partici-
pants are also projecting continued significant
reductions in 33/50 chemical emissions (17.7%
by 1996), further demonstrating a continuing
commitment to voluntary pollution reductions.
33/50 Program: Seventh Progress Report
33/50 PROGRAM RELEASES
AND TRANSFERS
Releases and transfers of 33/50 Program
chemicals were reduced by 62 million pounds
(7.8%) in 1994, bringing total reductions since
1988 to 757 million pounds and exceeding the
Program's ultimate 1995 50% national pollution
reduction goal by more than 10 million pounds a
full year ahead of schedule (see Figure 1
presented previously in this chapter).
Table 1 presents facilities' reports of on-site
releases and off-site transfers to treatment and
disposal of 33/50 Program chemicals versus
reports for all other TRI chemicals for 1988 (the
33/50 Program's base year), 1990 (the year prior
to EPA's initiation of the Program), 1993, and
1994. In order to control for changes in the TRI
chemical list over time, year-to-year compari-
sons for non-33/50 Program chemicals (labelled
"TRI Chemicals Less 33/50 Chemicals") are
based on a consistent list of chemicals that have
been reported under TRI for all years 1988-
1994. The trends in reductions for each group-
ing of chemicals are depicted in Figure 4.
Figure 5 highlights the dramatic change in the
reduction trends for 33/50 Program chemicals
versus other TRI chemicals since the 33/50
Program was initiated. In the two years prior to
the Program's announcement, reductions in
releases and off-site transfers of other TRI
chemicals significantly outpaced those for 33/50
Program chemicals: 20.2% vs. 15.5%. However,
in the four years following announcement of the
33/50 Program's voluntary reduction goals,
releases and transfers of its 17 target chemicals
were reduced at nearly twice the rate observed
for all other TRI chemicals: a 41.6% reduction
between 1990 and 1994 for 33/50 Program
chemicals versus a 22.3% reduction for the
remaining TRI chemicals. In 1994, 33/50
chemicals outpaced the reduction rate for other
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|SM& 33/50 Program: Seventh Progress Report
Table 1. Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals Compared to Other TRI Chemicals, 1988,1990,
1993.1994.Q
Year
1988
1990
1993
1994
1988-1990
1990-1994
1993-1994
1988-1994
AH TRI Chemicals
(Excluding Additions/
Deletions)
Pounds
4,709,109,988
3,828,286,482
2,866,422,865
2,731,490,375
Percent Change
-18.70%
-28.65%
-4.71%
-42.00%
TRI Chemicals
Less 33/50
Chemicals
Pounds
3,215,344,142
2,566,155,970
2,067,108,748
1,994,449,624
Percent Change
-20.19%
-22.28%
-3.52%
-37.97%
33/50
Chemicals
Only
Pounds
1,493,765,846
1,262,130,512
799,314,117
737,040,751
Percent Change
-15.51%
-41.60%
-7.79%
-50.66%
TRI chemical emissions by more than two to
one (7.8% vs. 3.5%).
Facilities are projecting continued reductions in
33/50 Program emissions in 1995 and 1996.
Using waste management data reported in
Section 8 of Form R (see next section of this
chapter), quantities reported as released (which
include off-site disposal) added to quantities
reported shipped off-site for treatment provides
a reasonable proxy for anticipating future trends
in the releases and transfers used to monitor the
progress of the 33/50 Program. Facilities project
33/50 Program releases, disposal, and transfers
to treatment to decline by 10.7% in 1995 and
16.5% by 1996. Similar projections for other
TRI chemicals forecast a 5.4% increase by
1996.
The "leaders-in-reductions" role being played
by 33/50 Program participants is also reflected
in the reduction performance of the individual
TRI facilities that use the target chemicals.
Three of the top facilities showing the greatest
reductions in direct environmental releases in
1994, and 12 of the top 20, report 33/50
chemicals and are owned by participating parent
companies. Of the top 50 reducing facilities, 31
report Program chemicals and are owned by
participating parents.
33/50 Program Chemical Releases
and Transfers, by Medium/Transfer
Type and by Chemical
Releases and off-site transfers of 33/50 Program
chemicals are summarized by chemical and
release medium/transfer type for 1988 (the
33/50 Program's base year), 1990 (the year prior
to EPA's initiation of the Program), 1993, and
1994 in Table 2. (Box 2 explains the presenta-
tion of 33/50 chemicals in these tables.) The
"Subtotal" column in the transfers portion of the
table represents those transfer types (POTWs,
treatment, disposal, and "other" transfers) that
are included in the 33/50 Program goals. The
Does not include amounts for recycling and energy recovery reported for 1991-1994. Also excludes delisted chemicals,
chemicals added in 1990, 1991, and 1994, and aluminum oxide, ammonia, ammonium sulfate (solution), and sulfuric acid.
10
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33/50 Program: Seventh Progress Report ''£
\?J^~. '*^^
Millions of Pounds
5,000
4,000 -
3,000 -
2,000 -
1,000 -
All TRI Chemicals
(Excluding
Additions/Deletions)
TRI Chemicals Less
33/50 Chemicals
33/50 Chemicals Only
Figure 4. Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals Compared to Other TRI Chemicals,
1988-1994.Q
"Total" column adds in transfers for recycling
and energy recovery, which have been
reportable to TRI since 1991 but are not
included in the 33/50 Program. Figure 6
presents a graphical representation of the total
releases and transfers (excluding transfers to
recycling and energy recovery) for each
chemical for these years.
Figure 7 shows the percentage reduction for the
11 organic chemicals and the six inorganic
chemicals and their compounds, as well as for
the total of all 33/50 chemicals. All percentages
are calculated from a 1988 baseline. As the
figure shows, releases and transfers of organic
chemicals have steadily declined from 1988 to
1994 for a total reduction of nearly 53% over
the time period. Releases and transfers of
inorganic compounds, on the other hand.
Q Does not include amounts for transfers to recycling and energy recovery reported for 1991-1994. Also excludes delisted
chemicals, chemicals added in 1990. 1991. and 1994, and aluminum oxide, ammonia, ammonium sulfate (solution), and
sulfuric acid.
11
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jSU/' 33/50 Program: Seventh Progress Report
1988-1990
1990-1994
Q 33/50 Chemicals
• Other TRI Chemicals
-50
Percentage Change
Figure 5. Comparison of Reductions in Releases
and Transfers of 33/50 Program
Chemicals vs. Other TRI Chemicals,
1988-1994.0
decreased from 1988 to 1989, increased in 1990,
decreased significantly in 1991, decreased again
in 1992, then increased in 1993 before decreas-
ing again in 1994, resulting in total releases and
transfers of inorganics decreasing less than 31%
from 1988 to 1994. Because the inorganics
account for a much smaller percentage of the
total releases and transfers of 33/50 Program
chemicals, however, their relatively small
percentage decrease has had little impact on the
total percentage reduction of 33/50 chemicals.
The 11 organic chemicals accounted for 93% of
all reductions in 33/50 chemicals between 1988
and 1994, while inorganics accounted for 7% of
total reductions. There are two reasons for this
result. First, organics accounted for a much
larger percent of total releases and transfers in
1988 than inorganics (89% vs. 11%). Second,
the percentage reduction in releases and trans-
fers of organics was much larger from 1988 to
1994 than for inorganics (53% vs. 31%).
Five chemicals accounted for 76% of total
reductions in 33/50 Program releases and
transfers between 1988 and 1994: toluene (23%
of all reductions), 1.1,1 -trichloroethane (21%),
methyl ethyl ketone (11%), xylenes (11%), and
dichloromethane (10%).
These results are not surprising given that these
five organic chemicals were the largest source
of releases and transfers of 33/50 chemicals in
1988 (74%). These chemicals still comprise
nearly 71% of all releases and transfers of 33/50
chemicals. All organics represent 84% of total
releases and transfers of 33/50 chemicals.
Inorganics, however, are increasing in promi-
nence, representing 16% of total releases and
transfers of 33/50 Program chemicals in 1994,
up from 11% in 1988. Lead and compounds and
chromium and compounds are the most
important inorganics, each accounting for 6% of
total releases and transfers of 33/50 chemicals in
1994. Releases and transfers of cadmium and
compounds increased between 1988 and 1994,
primarily from an increase in 1993. Because
release and transfer quantities of cadmium
compounds are small, however, the impact on
total 33/50 releases and transfers was negligible.
Figure 8 shows the percent change in releases
and transfers of 33/50 Program chemicals from
1988 to 1994 for each chemical. With the
exception of mercury and compounds, the
inorganic chemicals (presented at the bottom of
the figure) show smaller percentage decreases
than observed for the 11 organic chemicals
between 1988 and 1994, and releases and
Does not include amounts for transfers to recycling and energy recovery reported for 1991-1994. Also excludes delisted
chemicals, chemicals added in 1990, 1991. and 1994. and aluminum oxide, ammonia, ammonium sulfate (solution), and
sulfuric acid.
12
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33/50 Program: Seventh Progress Report
transfers of one of the inorganics (cadmium and
compounds) actually increased.
Figure 9 presents a graphical representation of
the data in Table 2 by release medium and
transfer type for the years 1988 to 1994. Figure
10 shows the percent change in releases and
transfers from 1988 to 1994 by release medium
and transfer type. Figure 11 shows the contribu-
tion of reductions in each release medium and
transfer type to total reductions in releases and
transfers of 33/50 chemicals from 1988 to 1994.
As these diagrams show, the largest quantity
reductions in releases and transfers have
occurred in air emissions. Reductions in air
emissions account for 74% of total reductions in
releases and transfers of 33/50 chemicals.
Transfers to Energy
Recovery and Recycling
As described in Chapter 2, the Pollution Preven-
tion Act of 1990 (PPA) substantially expanded
the scope of TRI to include reporting on addi-
tional toxic chemical management activities.
Off-site transfers to energy recovery and recy-
cling processes are now reported in Section 6 of
Form R in addition to the previously reported
transfers to POTWs and other treatment and
disposal facilities.
Facilities' reports of transfers to energy
recovery and recycling for 1991-1994 are
presented after the "Subtotal" column in
Table 2. The absence of reporting requirements
for these activities in 1988 is reflected by
"NA." Transfers to energy recovery (233.5 mil-
lion pounds) and transfers to recycling (751.3
million pounds) in 1994 again substantially
exceeded the total for all previously reported
types of off-site transfers of 33/50 Program
chemicals (134.3 million pounds). Increases
33/50 Program Chemical Identities
In the tables in this chapter, the 33/50 Program
chemicals appear in alphabetical order by organic
chemicals followed by inorganic chemicals.
Xylenes and the inorganic chemicals have been
grouped into categories, as shown below. The 10
individual organic chemicals and the seven groups
constitute the 17 high-priority chemicals targeted by
the 33/50 Program.
Organic chemicals
71-43-2
56-23-5
67-66-3
75-09-2
78-93-3
108-10-1
127-18-4
108-88-3
71-55-6
79-01-6
Xylenes
108-38-3
95-47-6
106-42-3
1330-20-7
Benzene
Carbon tetrachloride
Chloroform
Dichloromethane
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
1,1,1 -Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
m-Xylene
o-Xylene
p-Xylene
Xylene (mixed isomers)
Inorganic chemicalsQ
Cadmium and cadmium compounds
7440-43-9 Cadmium
— Cadmium compounds
Chromium and chromium compounds
7440-47-3 Chromium
— Chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
74-90-8 Hydrogen cyanide
— Cyanide compounds
Lead and lead compounds
7439-92-1 Lead
— Lead compounds
Mercury and mercury compounds
7439-97-6 Mercury
— Mercury compounds
Nickel and nickel compounds
7440-02-0 Nickel
— Nickel compounds
Box 2.
33/50 Program Chemical Identities.
0 Compound categories do not have CAS numbers (—).
13
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33/50 Program: Seventh Progress Report
Table 2. TRI Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals, 1988,1990,1993,1994.Q
CAS
Number
71-43-2
56-23-5
67-66-3
75-09-2
78-93-3
108-10-1
127-18-4
108-88-3
71-55-6
79-01-6
95-47-6
Chemical
Benzene
Carbon
tetrachloride
Chloroform
Dichloromethane
Methyl ethyl
ketone
Methyl isobuty!
ketone
Tetrachloro-
ethylene
Toluene
1,1,1-Trichloro-
ethane
Trichloro-
ethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and
cadmium
compounds
Year
94
93
90
88
94
93
90
88
94
93
90
88
94
93
90
88
94
93
90
88
94
93
90
88
94
93
90
88
94
93
90
88
94
93
90
88
94
93
90
88
94
93
90
88
94
93
90
88
Forms
Number
491
474
503
482
69
75
100
95
167
175
192
169
1,030
1,081
1,451
1,673
2,389
2,473
2,722
2,527
1,031
1,021
1,125
1,011
459
490
666
746
3,566
3,643
4,285
3,999
1,207
2,111
4,210
3,915
783
790
3,985
951
3,517
3,611
807
3,646
158
178
257
205
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
5,266,338
6,802,701
14,673,280
20,574,34]
226,057
585,481
419,002
1,084,548
3,450,479
4,562,449
8,443,255
7,695,273
25,022,843
24,227,024
38,208,293
49,639,037
27,184,737
29,378,455
45,850,307
41,669,961
6,847,214
7,810,250
9,875,727
13,049,874
4,671,751
4,538,411
9,351,150
16,336,282
57,656,473
62,341,544
87,654,988
105,716,267
20,070,741
33,199,831
85,672,408
92,995,587
14,788,788
14,524,316
37,236,658
26,168,126
27,308,716
30,079,209
19,030,377
39,645,690
8,941
9,140
31,035
32,399
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
4,226,037
4,246,167
10,901,492
11,642,018
392,870
1,648,678
1,320,385
2,694,047
7,472,557
9,289,998
14,593,635
18,275,242
37,687,647
40,677,058
62,749,754
79,465,932
51,440,202
56,738,332
88,727,094
99,080,759
18,429,655
17,477,368
18,538,178
18,985,959
5,530,378
6,634,275
13,597,042
19,786,265
110,561,812
117,599,735
161,621,719
192,930,207
17,981,336
31,568,263
83,099,485
87,654,575
15,083,085
15,939,964
111,804,060
29,759,510
86,799,963
90,702,452
20,900,640
129,685,753
50,628
52,135
72,265
90,293
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
22,256
19,497
25,303
46,983
1,223
1,453
4,718
15,627
362,812
451,262
1,005,760
1,131,484
52,289
62,909
194,764
349,960
108,385
184,339
94,393
91,426
80,177
90,214
55,593
762,108
3,872
10,152
21,510
33,314
82,751
119,858
201,830
197,208
1,980
11,146
16,984
95,624
1,671
5,220
49,549
13,801
55,692
57,773
14,285
213,032
2,029
1,069
3,339
4,147
Underground
Injection
Pounds
223,103
356,660
689,066
825,035
12,654
34,332
31,557
98,050
80,002
38,039
89,560
36,000
960,942
956,098
850,018
1,478,833
575,848
360,927
146,209
255,955
131,600
131,600
52,226
116,650
4,051
15,041
11,012
72,250
496,440
967,496
1,432,923
1,473,666
102
2,528
1,586
1,000
288
460
105,399
390
314,461
213,172
805
144,978
170
977
1,575
2,409
Releases
to Land
Pounds
25,371
31,215
717,007
127,921
0
79
1,005
14,759
11,667
32,926
57,924
68,544
50,845
78,267
21,024
157,156
51,794
134,162
50,531
166,537
12,925
76,771
24,738
31,770
4,349
618,026
1,260
82,144
161,205
239,798
371,482
731,449
2,732
42,743
62,446
204,923
4,417
8,212
423,453
21,186
250,980
252,969
12,554
647,989
58,472
123,376
397,523
389,479
Total
Releases
Pounds
9,763,105
11,456,240
27,006,148
33,216,298
632,804
2,270,023
1,776,667
3,907,031
11,377,517
14,374,674
24,190,134
27,206,543
63,774,566
66,001,356
102,023,853
131,090,918
79,360,966
86,796,215
134,868,534
141,264,638
25,501,571
25,586,203
28,546,462
32,946,361
10,214,401
11,815,905
22,981,974
36,310,255
168,958,681
181,268,431
251,282,942
301,048,797
38,056,891
64,824,511
168,852,909
180,951,709
29,878,249
30,478,172
149,619,119
55,963,013
114,729,812
121,305,575
39,958,661
170,337,442
120,240
186,697
505,737
518,727
14
-------
33/50 Program: Seventh Progress Report
Table 2.
CAS
Number Chemical
71-43-2 Benzene
56-23-5 Carbon
tetrachloride
67-66-3 Chloroform
75-09-2 Dichloromethane
78-93-3 Methyl ethyl
ketone
108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl
ketone
127-18-4 Tetrachloro-
ethylene
108-88-3 Toluene
71-55-6 1,1,1-TrichIoro-
elhane
79-01-6 Trichloroethylene
95-47-6 Xylenes
Cadmium and
cadmium
compounds
Transfers Off-site
Transfers for Treatment
Year to POTWs Disposal/Other©
Pounds Pounds Pounds
94 210,714 2,346,337
93 308,621 1,880,043
90 633,978 2,221,358
88 1,164,722 2,295,959
94 574 1,223,436
93 1,675 1,042,171
90 42,050 1,082,188
88 5,014 1,350,011
94 437,920 2,037,728
93 603,550 1,890,580
90 802,260 1,321,726
88 1,226,573 1,369,922
94 835,117 11,764,796
93 825,299 9,929,184
90 1,293,254 9,477,878
88 1,831,154 22,436,109
94 410,746 6,565,715
93 753,095 6,070,956
90 891,591 20,998,202
88 964,168 29,252,652
94 488,749 1,699,146
93 636,214 1,521,675
90 1,259,294 4,599,709
88 1,509,030 10,509,270
94 62,053 2,139,983
93 111,002 2,463,092
90 450,922 4,548,481
88 558,691 5,582,693
94 940,281 22,721,417
93 1,038,026 23,590,449
90 1,771,459 40,546,165
88 3,594,036 62,082,350
94 6,439 2,558,074
93 60,463 3,895,932
90 173,444 13,099,706
88 305,358 19,389,542
94 50,325 2,819,904
93 42,987 1,924,254
90 1,956,518 25,323,209
88 85,652 6,509,867
94 712,545 10,219,158
93 743,277 8,197,929
90 11,949 3,879,599
88 4,225,457 37,922,313
94 3,013 2,093,444
93 4,948 3,372,687
90 13,762 1,320,148
88 21,613 1,286,818
Subtotal
Pounds
2,557,051
2,188,664
2,855,336
3,460,681
1,224,010
1,043,846
1,124,238
1,355,025
2,475,648
2,494,130
2,123,986
2,596,495
12,599,913
10,754,483
10,771,132
24,267,263
6,976,461
6,824,051
21,889,793
30,216,820
2,187,895
2,157,889
5,859,003
12,018,300
2,202,036
2,574,094
4,999,403
6,141,384
23,661,698
24,628,475
42,317,624
65,676,386
2,564,513
3,956,395
13,273,150
19,694,900
2,870,229
1,967,241
27,279,727
6,595,519
10,931,703
8,941,206
3,891,548
42,147,770
2,096,457
3,377,635
1,333,910
1,308,431
Transfers
Transfers to Energy
to Recycling Recovery
Pounds Pounds
555,346 1,657,785
1,101,028 1,094,388
NA NA
NA NA
850,623 17,314
111,626 4,109
NA NA
NA NA
351,182 101,775
435,332 69,463
NA NA
NA NA
20,785,487 3,755,198
21,058,873 3,272,177
NA NA
NA NA
21,395,064 46,300,997
24,476,161 46,145,068
NA NA
NA NA
17,951,007 18,854,225
22,886,709 12,055,803
NA NA
NA NA
7,415,291 855,782
6,277,898 823,697
NA NA
NA NA
23,471,806 80,113,663
31,265,466 81,278,013
NA NA
NA NA
6,983,705 1,845,839
14,617,408 2,329,613
NA NA
NA NA
8,304,071 1,183,610
7,012,395 1,206,942
NA NA
NA NA
39,732,244 78,581,009
36,927,358 72,798,030
NA NA
NA NA
3,078,180 2,717
2,122,544 1,142
NA NA
NA NA
Total
TransfersQ
4,770,182
4,384,080
NA
NA
2,091,947
1,159,581
NA
NA
2,928,605
2,998,925
NA
NA
37,140,598
35,085,533
NA
NA
74,672,522
77,445,280
NA
NA
38,993,127
37,100,401
NA
NA
10,473,109
9,675,689
NA
NA
127,247,167
137,171,954
NA
NA
11,394,057
20,903,416
NA
NA
12,357,910
10,186,578
NA
NA
129,244,956
118,666,594
NA
NA
5,177,354
5,501,321
NA
NA
15
-------
S*Wv 33/50 Program: Seventh Progress Report
Table 2. TRI Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals, 1988,1990,1993,1994,0 Continued.
CAS
Number Chemical
Chromium and
chromium
compounds
Cyanide
compounds
Lead and
lead compounds
Mercury and
mercury
compounds
Nickel and
nickel
compounds
Total for
33/50 Chemicals
All Other
TRI Chemicals
Total for All
TRI Chemicals
Year
94
93
90
88
94
93
90
88
94
93
90
88
94
93
90
88
94
93
90
88
94
93
90
88
94
93
90
88
94
93
90
88
Forms
Number
3,182
3,206
3,094
2,436
292
297
369
428
1,662
1,687
1,911
1,592
30
35
63
52
2,573
2,537
2,342
1,729
22,606
23,884
28,082
25,656
44,171
44,683
46,700
40,915
66,777
68,567
74,782
66,571
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
647,070
430,459
573,628
625,812
199,002
109,808
240,698
657,222
604,678
474,864
908,323
838,990
9,757
11,621
14,793
16,797
534,093
250,328
394,500
425,080
194,497,678
219,335,891
358,578,422
417,171,286
155,516,424
160,115,843
213,872,551
268,826,438
350,014,102
379,451,734
572,450,973
685,997,724
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
495,886
424,262
576,925
700,772
3,109,468
3,099,162
1,720,830
1,699,447
1,211,976
1,260,905
1,385,134
1,821,919
3,563
3,442
8,756
8,484
273,464
289,426
325,707
297,707
360,750,527
397,651,622
591,943,101
694,578,889
630,215,862
608,339,622
742,702,592
872,327,820
990,966,389
1,005,991,244
1,334,645,693
1,566,906,709
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
179,281
254,144
451,154
400,219
103,345
98,062
129,669
197,544
65,699
75,058
133,290
242,154
321
446
809
1,406
98,323
96,505
152,013
222,369
1,222,106
1,539, 107
2,554,963
4,018,406
45,789,667
201,464,061
113,754,037
172,708,335
47,011,773
203,003,168
116,309,000
176,726,741
Underground
Injection
Pounds
38,109
42,762
83,237
54,902
4,099,986
3,110,685
4,981,412
5,445,176
1,263
1,768
1,648
2,760
7
15
21
27
62,941
130,038
268,958
239,263
7,001,967
6,362,598
8,747,212
10,247,344
299,649,764
288,484,349
358,513,009
615,719,877
306,651,731
294,846,947
367,260,221
625,967,221
Releases
to Land
Pounds
21,784,598
23,739,737
26,044,284
40,215,263
13,961
6,055
19,720
108,969
15,159,116
16,636,721
18,959,611
26,684,055
1,351
1,812
4,199
13,279
1,685,462
3,316,740
5,086,279
3,609,583
39,279,245
45,339,609
52,255,040
73,275,006
242,988,677
228,722,676
360,740,975
407,176,871
282,267,922
274,062,285
412,996,015
480,451,877
Total
Releases
Pounds
23,144,944
24,891,364
27,729,228
41,996,968
7,525,762
6,423,772
7,092,329
8,108,358
17,042,732
18,449,316
21,388,006
29,589,878
14,999
17,336
28,578
39,993
2,654,283
4,083,037
6,227,457
4,794,002
602,751,523
670,228,827
1,014,078,738
1,199,290,931
1,374,160,394
1,487,126,551
1,789,583,164
2,336,759,341
1,976,911,917
2,157,355,378
2,803,661,902
3,536,050,272
16
-------
33/50 Program: Seventh Progress Report
Table 2, Cont.
CAS
Number Chemical
Chromium and
chromium
compounds
Cyanide
compounds
Lead and
lead compounds
Mercury and
mercury
compounds
Nickel and
nickel
compounds
Total for
33/50 Chemicals
All Other
TRI Chemicals
Total for All
TR1 Chemicals
Transfers Off-site
Transfers for Treatment
Year to POTWs Disposai/OtherQ
Pounds Pounds Pounds
94 427,776 21,241,608
93 454,713 20,848,059
90 1,144,161 34,110,840
88 2,081,604 26,866,221
94 171,214 571,579
93 100,272 478,028
90 141,644 1,301,442
88 1,162,724 2,719,177
94 89,717 28,464,311
93 139,015 25,710,962
90 192,818 56,906,502
88 213,425 31,060,205
94 15 42,573
93 21 74,630
90 311 213,305
88 1,892 274,767
94 216,870 10,715,951
93 227,995 10,143,486
90 317,644 16,004,257
88 904,544 13,711,382
94 5,064,068 129,225,160
93 6,051,173 123,034,117
90 11,097,059 236,954,715
88 19,855,657 274,619,258
94 175,376,656 444,912,574
93 180,295,772 399,686,425
90 270,610,724 505,962,082
88 277,491,836 601,092,965
94 180,440,724 574,137,734
93 186,346,945 522,720,542
90 281,707,783 742,916,797
88 297,347,493 875,712,223
Subtotal
Pounds
21,669,384
21,302,772
35,255,001
28,947,825
742,793
578,300
1,443,086
3,881,901
28,554,028
25,849,977
57,099,320
31,273,630
42,588
74,651
213,616
276,659
10,932,821
10,371,481
16,321,901
14,615,926
134,289,228
129,085,290
248,051,774
294,474,915
620,289,230
579,982,197
776,572,806
878,584,801
754,578,458
709,067,487
1,024,624,580
1,173,059,716
Transfers
Transfers to Energy
to Recycling Recovery
Pounds Pounds
146,732,055 94,815
132,058,478 31,056
NA NA
NA NA
27,418 8,344
24,600 2,261
NA NA
NA NA
349,333,583 84,961
291,073,512 83,176
NA NA
NA NA
24,908 0
23,639 0
NA NA
NA NA
104,330,489 4,086
95,230,276 8,117
NA NA
NA NA
751,322,459 233,462,120
686,703,303 221,203,055
NA NA
NA NA
1,482,281,399 229,247,105
1,370,372,399 225,559,982
NA NA
NA NA
2,233,603,858 462,709,225
2,057,075,702 446,763,037
NA NA
NA NA
Total
TransfersQ
168,496,254
153,392,306
NA
NA
778,555
605,161
NA
NA
377,972,572
317,006,665
NA
NA
67,496
98,290
NA
NA
115,267,396
105,609,874
NA
NA
1,119,073,807
1,036,991,648
NA
NA
2,331,817,734
2,175,914,578
NA
NA
3,450,891,541
3,212,906,226
NA
NA
Does not include amounts for transfers to recycling and energy recovery reported for 1991-1994. Also excludes delisted
chemicals, chemicals added in 1990, 1991, and 1994, and aluminum oxide, ammonia, ammonium sulfate (solution), and
sulfuric acid.
"Other" indicates: For 1993 and 1994, transfers reported with no waste management codes or invalid codes. For 1988 and 1990,
transfers reported with no waste management codes, invalid codes, or codes not required to be reported in 1988 and 1990.
Because transfers for recycling and energy recovery were not required to be reported until 1991, total transfers in 1988 and 1990
are not comparable to total transfers reported for 1993 or 1994.
17
-------
-g&Jji 33/50 Program: Seventh Progress Report
Benzene
Carbon tetrachloride
Chloroform
Dichloromethane
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and cadmium
compounds
Chromium and
chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and lead
compounds
Mercury and mercury
compounds
Nickel and nickel
compounds
• 1994
D1993
H1992
D1991
• 1990
D1989
D1988
50 100
150 200 250
Millions of Pounds
300 350
400
Figure 6. TRI Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals, by Chemical, 1988-1994.®
Does not include amounts for transfers to recycling and energy recovery reported for 1991-1994.
18
-------
Percent
10.0
0.0
-10.0 -
-20.0 -
-30.0 -
-40.0 -
-50.0 -
-60.0
• Organics
O Inorganics
• All 33/50 Program Chemicals
1988- 1988- 1988- 1988- 1988- 1988-
1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994
Figure 7. Percentage Change in Releases and
Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals:
Organics vs. Inorganics, 1988-1994.
-------
UK 33/50 Program: Seventh Progress Report
Benzene
Carbon
tetrachtoride
Chloroform
Dichloromethane
Methyl ethyl
ketone
Methyl isobutyl
ketone
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
1,1,1 -Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and
cadmium compounds
Chromium and
chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and
lead compounds
Mercury and
mercury compounds
Nickel and
nickel compounds
-100 -80 -60 -40 -20
Percentage Change
20
40
Figure 8. Percentage Change in Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals, 1988-1994.©
(£ Does not include amounts for transfers to recycling and energy recovery reported for 1991-1994.
20
-------
Millions of Pounds
700
600 -
500 i
400 -
300 -
200 -
100 -
11988
D1989
1990
D1991
O1992
1993
H1994
Fugitive Stack Surface Under- Releases Transfers Treatment/
Air Air Water ground to Land to POTWs Disposal/
Emissions Emissions Discharges Injection Other Transfers
Figure 9. TRI Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals, by Release Medium and Transfer Type,
1988-1994.®
(£) Does not include amounts for transfers to recycling and energy recovery reported for 1991-1994.
21
-------
,
T^yl?; 33/50 Program: Seventh Progress Report
/
Fugitive Air
Emissions
Stack Air
Emissions
Surface Water
Discharges
Underground
Injection
Releases
to Land
Transfers
to POTWs
Treatment/Disposal/
Other Transfers
-80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20
Percentage Change
-10
Figure 10. Percentage Change in Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals by Release Medium or
Transfer Type, 1988-1994.©
Treatment/
Disposal/
Other
Transfers
19.4%
Transfers to
POTWs
2.0%
Releases to
Land
4.5%
Fugitive Air
Emissions
29.7%
Stack Air
Emissions
44.5%
Less than 0.1%:
Underground Injection
Surface Water Discharges
Figure 11. Contribution to Reductions in Releases
and Transfers of 33/50 Program
Chemicals by Release Medium or
Transfer Type, 1988-1994.©
Total production-related waste associated with
33/50 Program chemicals increased slightly
(1.6%) in 1994. Production-related waste for
non-Program chemicals also increased in 1994,
but by a significantly larger percentage (5.8%).
Since 1991, 33/50 chemicals in production waste
have decreased slightly (0.9%), while other TRJ
chemicals in waste have increased significantly
(9.2%).
Facilities are projecting a significant reduction in
production-related waste of 33/50 Program
chemicals in 1995, a 4.5% decline. At the same
time, production-related waste for other TRI
chemicals is expected to increase again (4.3%).
Projections for 1996 suggest an aggregate 7.1%
decline from 1994 in 33/50 Program chemical
(J) Does not include amounts for transfers to recycling and energy recovery reported for 1991-1994.
22
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33/50 Program: Seventh Progress Report
Table 3. Total Production-related Waste for 33/50 Program Chemicals Compared to Other TRI Chemicals,
1991,1993-1996.©
Year
1991
1993
1994
1995©
1996©
1991-1994
1993-1994
1994-1996©
1991-1996©
All TRI
Chemicals
Pounds
20,793,202,032
21,146,579,814
22,149,380,646
22,612,393,439
22,749,708,079
Percent Change
6.5%
4.7%
2.7%
9.4%
TRI Chemicals
Less 33/50
Chemicals
Pounds
15,219,391,575
15,706,293,557
16,624,256,302
17,333,515,380
17,617,205,331
Percent Change
9.2%
5.8%
6.0%
15.8%
33/50
Chemicals
Only
Pounds
5,573,810,457
5,440,286,257
5,525,124,344
5,278,878,059
5,132,502,748
Percent Change
-0.9%
1.6%
-7.1%
-7.9%
waste, while non-Program chemical waste is
forecast to increase by 6.0%.
Analyses of facility projections, particularly as
national aggregates, should be viewed with
caution. Forecasting waste generation is an
imprecise art, and facilities are not bound by
their estimates for future years. A review of our
analysis of facilities' 1993 TRI reports rein-
forces this point. On page 281 of the 1993
Public Data Release report, we observed that
facilities were projecting a decline of nearly
5.8% in their production-related waste for 33/50
Program chemicals in 1994. Actual data subse-
quently reported for 1994 showed an increase of
nearly 1.6%.
Facilities owned by companies not participating
in the 33/50 Program accounted for most (92%)
of this increase, reporting a 3.4% increase
(78 million pounds) in 1994, and are projected
an additional 1.2% increase in production-
related waste by 1996. Facilities owned by
33/50 participants, on the other hand, reported
only a slight increase in production-related
waste in 1994 (0.2%) and are projecting
substantial reductions (13.4%) through 1996.
33/50 Program Chemicals in
Waste, by Medium/Management
Method and by Chemical
Production-related waste for 33/50 Program
chemicals is summarized by chemical and waste
management method for the period 1991 to
1996 in Tables 4-4 through 4-8. Figure 12
presents a graphical representation of the total
production-related waste for each chemical for
these years.
© Data for 1991 reported on 1991 Form R; data for all other years reported on 1994 Form R. Does not include delisted chemicals,
chemicals added in 1994, and ammonia, ammonium sulfate (solution), and sulfuric acid.
© Projected amounts.
23
-------
sagy? 33/50 Program: Seventh Progress Report
Figure 13 shows these data in terms of the
percent change in total production-related waste
for the periods 1991-1994 (actual change) and
1994-1996 (projected change).
From 1991 to 1994, total production-related
waste decreased significantly (over 50 million
pounds) for each of five chemicals: 1,1,1-
trichloroethane (198 million pounds), methyl
ethyl ketone (114 million pounds), methyl
isobutyl ketone (65 million pounds), tetra-
chloreoethylene (61 million pounds), and
dichloromethane (54 million pounds). Total
production-related waste of three other
chemicals—carbon tetrachloride, mercury and
compounds, and chloroform—decreased
significantly on a percentage basis (over 15%).
Production/import of 1,1,1 -trichloroethane and
carbon tetrachloride is banned in the United
States after January 1,1996.
From 1991 to 1994, total production-related
waste increased over 30 million pounds for each
of four chemicals: toluene (404 million pounds),
chromium and compounds (98 million pounds),
cyanide compounds (34 million pounds), and
nickel and compounds (40 million pounds). On
a percentage basis, total production-related
waste increased by over 25% for an additional
chemical, cadmium and compounds.
Facilities are projecting that total production-
related waste will decrease significantly from
1994 to 1996 for four chemicals: lead and
compounds (189 million pounds), trichloro-
ethylene (129 million pounds), 1,1,1-trichloro-
ethane (68 million pounds), and toluene (43 mil-
lion pounds). Total production-related waste of
tetrachloroethylene is also projected to decrease
significantly on a percentage basis during this
time period. Total production-related waste is
also projected to decrease by smaller quantities/
percentages for six other chemicals.
Total production-related waste is projected to
increase for six chemicals, most notably
chromium and compounds and nickel and
compounds, which are expected to increase by
26 million pounds and 30 million pounds
respectively. Total production-related waste of
mercury and mercury compounds is also
projected to increase by 12%.
Figure 14 shows the total production-related
waste for 1991 to 1996 by management method.
Figure 15 shows these data, in terms of the
percent change for the periods 1991-1994
(observed changes) and 1994-1996 (projected
changes).
From 1991 to 1994, use of four waste
management methods for 33/50 chemicals
decreased by a total of 270 million pounds, most
notably, on-site releases and off-site disposal,
which decreased by 234 million pounds (27%).
These decreases were offset by increases in off-
site recycling and on-site treatment which
increased by 118 million pounds (19%) and 94
million pounds (20%), respectively.
Facilities are projecting that, from 1994 to 1996,
on-site releases and off-site disposal of 33/50
Program chemicals will decrease by 108 million
pounds (17%) and on-site recycling will
decrease by 289 million pounds (11%). Only
on-site energy recovery is projected to increase
(56 million pounds, 8%).
24
-------
33/50 Program: Seventh Progress Report
Table 4. Quantity of 33/50 Program Chemicals Recycled On- and Off-site, by Chemical, 1991, 1993-1996.®
CAS
Number Chemical
Recycled On-site
71-43-2 Benzene
56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride
67-66-3 Chloroform
75-09-2 Dichloromethane
78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone
108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl ketone
127-18-4 Tetrachloroethylene
108-88-3 Toluene
71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
79-01-6 Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and cadmium compounds
Chromium and chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury and mercury compounds
Nickel and nickel compounds
Subtotal for 33/50 Chemicals
Subtotal for All Other TRI Chemicals
Subtotal for All TRI Chemicals
Recycled Off-site
7M3-2 Benzene
56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride
67-66-3 Chloroform
75-09-2 Dichloromethane
78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone
108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl ketone
127-18-4 Tetrachloroethylene
] 08-88-3 Toluene
71-55-6 1,1.1-Trichloroethane
79-01-6 Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and cadmium compounds
Chromium and chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury and mercury compounds
Nickel and nickel compounds
Subtotal for 33/50 Chemicals
Subtotal for All Other TRI Chemicals
Subtotal for All TRI Chemicals
Total for 33/50 Chemicals
Total for All Other TRI Chemicals
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Projected Data
1991
Pounds
40.200,807
10.538,966
5,707.901
79,733,871
155,170,704
116,883,266
121,477,233
581,362,098
128,309,015
255,206,613
173,757,537
3.870,686
74,306,523
3,815,454
743,819,451
1.283,330
50,285,107
2,545,728,562
3,635,506,013
6,181,234,575
1,414,752
390,538
2,078,744
26,612,121
26,246,204
17,975,084
9,359,426
25,206,069
29,941,078
7,403,581
33,608,756
2,047,067
93,950,740
38,243
278,459,950
491,812
81,169,458
636393,623
1,170,890,338
1,807,283,961
3,182,122,185
4,806,396,351
7,988.518,536
1993
Pounds
39.898,335
2.511,552
4,964,587
58.245,644
74,863,973
50,415,557
68,957,450
1,031,238,427
67,219,214
264,418,486
120.252,943
4,094,064
71,140,390
818,711
553,402,767
1.106,229
49,105,873
2,462,654,202
4,032,287,959
6,494,942,161
1,076,794
101,842
432,320
20,875.089
20,661,858
22,783,003
7,265,438
35,878,273
8,168,092
6,776,285
35,700.750
2.120,099
136,075,547
10,181
346,547,886
21.721
97,325,047
741,820,225
1,342,214,281
2,084,034,506
3,204,474,427
5374.502,240
8,578,976,667
1994
Pounds
48,236,739
9.615,424
5,502,781
60.442,075
66,098,820
54,877,123
56.920,709
1,022,017,402
71,974,733
248.092,051
126,209,629
4.824,783
73.209,806
798,887
643,169.803
928,742
62.507,384
2,555,426,891
4,344,908,124
6,900335,015
560,803
850,623
350,379
20,783,673
21,196,120
16,974,510
7,634.068
23,356,695
6,890,719
8,462,852
39,600,446
3,093.622
151,770,873
24,500
342,379,729
24,937
110,494,613
754,449,162
1,504,285,693
2,258,734,855
3,309,876,053
5,849,193,817
9.159,069,870
1995
Pounds
44,755,812
9,291,507
5,281,643
68,144,825
70,012,216
56,167,162
49,729.850
1,047,700,045
60.662,578
153,474.042
130,700,430
4,471.867
86,794,335
832,678
551,661,608
997,130
74,890,668
2,415,568,396
4,680.757,523
7,096,325,919
694,052
1,002,700
426,362
15,346,271
21,251,476
15.904,939
7,434,205
22,257,881
3,546,373
7,124,491
38,047,084
3,028,066
154,017,112
26,115
329,625,551
24,610
113,414,259
733,171,547
1,519,710,657
2,252,882,204
3,148,739,943
6200.468.180
9,349,208,123
1996
Pounds
45,672,260
9,141,431
4,890,771
67,300,407
70,611,058
59,902,049
48.468.392
997,798,959
41,156,070
132,094,626
138,185,872
4,646,364
92.484,711
803,568
467,200,004
1,054,822
84,354,323
2,265,765,687
4,869,509,815
7,135,275,502
698,852
1,002,700
426,362
14,314,794
20.637,229
15.984,619
7,148,237
22,507,560
1.179,626
5,911,732
37,606,122
3,123,903
157,325,292
23,213
333,974,962
25,010
116.541,137
738,431,350
1,546,280,471
2,284,711,821
3,004,197,037
6,415,790,286
9,419.987323
Data for 1991 reported on 1991 Form R: data for all other years reported on 1994 Form R. Does not include delisted chemicals.
chemicals added in 1994, and ammonia, ammonium sulfate (soiution). and sulfuric acid.
25
-------
r^y^; 33/50 Program: Seventh Progress Report
Table 5. Quantity of 33/50 Program Chemicals Used for Energy Recovery On- and Off-site, by Chemical,
1991,1993-1996.©
CAS
Number Chemical
Energy Recovery On-site
71^3-2 Benzene
56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride
67-66-3 Chloroform
75-09-2 Dichioromethane
78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone
108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl ketone
127-18-4 Tetrachloroethylene
108-88-3 Toluene
71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
79-01-6 Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and cadmium compounds
Chromium and chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury and mercury compounds
Nickel and nickel compounds
Subtotal for 33/50 Chemicals
Subtotal for All Other TRI Chemicals
Subtotal for All TRI Chemicals
Energy Recovery Off-site
71-43-2 Benzene
56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride
67-66-3 Chloroform
75-09-2 Dichioromethane
78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone
108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl ketone
127-18-4 Tetrachloroethylene
108-88-3 Toluene
71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloroethanc
79-01-6 Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and cadmium compounds
Chromium and chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury and mercury compounds
Nickel and nickel compounds
Subtotal for 33/50 Chemicals
Subtotal for All Other TRI Chemicals
Subtotal for AH TRI Chemicals
Total for 33/50 Chemicals
Total for Al! Other TRI Chemicals
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Projected Data
1991
Pounds
33,630,440
5,964,156
5,499,527
14,270,049
98,970,095
37,048,558
4,023,584
255,726,051
14,001,816
6.188,130
216,300,956
0
0
22,338,436
102,675
0
0
714,064,473
2,247,444,419
2,961,508,892
4,931,770
10,849
719,071
6,171,317
38,787,317
19,383,412
1,519,555
87,422,786
3,995,774
963,407
78,466,569
8,337
130,304
24
62,921
3,241
4,449
242,581,103
201,330,145
443,91 1,248
956,645,576
2,448,774,564
3,405.420.140
1993
Pounds
25,604,578
5,070,219
15,990,537
10,099,938
97,413,892
37,188,410
11,085,256
244,394,756
1,495,418
1,012,244
224,432,760
0
69.034
12,229.599
34,925
0
0
686,121,566
2,182,659,609
2,868,781,175
1,660,877
4,731
51,416
3,097,813
46,218,598
11,904,468
710,938
83,358,283
1,656,206
960,864
71,668,774
3,054
103,979
1.812
80,735
0
11,481
221,494,029
235,132,093
456,626,122
907.615,595
2,417,791,702
3,325,407,297
1994
Pounds
22,558,478
118,200
10,972,419
12,010,971
94,269,472
35,412,662
10,715.929
240,295,525
2,893,185
2,379,037
213,475,938
0
105,472
43,195,554
46,177
0
0
688,449,019
2,673,659,466
3362,108,485
1.657,355
17,311
59,270
3,807,830
47,569,206
18,886,033
893,544
81,028,606
1,898,289
1,192,486
79,163,797
2,334
148,656
8,145
82,141
0
10,231
236.425,234
230,721,953
467,147,187
924,874,253
2,904,381,419
3,829,255,672
1995
Pounds
22,163,863
118,200
11,176,797
13,283.403
102,267,914
37,274,718
11,132,621
250,745.793
3,413,401
2.609,214
223.233.646
0
65,180
42,614,408
46,177
0
0
720,145,335
2,747,882,419
3,468,027,754
1,376,735
22,445
72,171
2,843,525
45,486,627
20,391,861
621,328
78.009,934
1.194,847
1,087,512
76,763,043
1,511
132,620
7,051
74,987
0
3,188
228,089,385
211,886,529
439,975,914
948,234,720
2,959,768,948
3,908,003,668
1996
Pounds
22,719,300
119,200
11,486,546
14.466,754
107,048,012
39,617,700
11,626,931
264,624.695
3,966,892
3,044,175
224,896,953
0
65,581
40,831,945
53,103
0
0
744,567,787
2,671,194,457
3,415,762,244
1,311,781
21,445
78,620
2,379,948
45,105.775
21,950,160
663,188
77,210,547
896,737
997,005
74,587,102
1,004
111,228
7,101
76,449
0
3,406
225,401,496
205,371,046
430,772,542
969,969,283
2,876,565,503
3,846,534.786
Data for 1991 reported on 1991 Form R; data for all other years reported on 1994 Form R. Does not include delisted chemicals.
chemicals added in 1994. and ammonia, ammonium sulfate (solution), and sulfuric acid.
26
-------
33/50 Program: Seventh Progress Report mOSSl
Table 6. Quantity of 33/50 Program Chemicals Treated On- and Off-site, by Chemical, 1991, 1993-1996.©
CAS
Number Chemical
Treated On-site
71-43-2 Benzene
56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride
67-66-3 Chloroform
75-09-2 Dichloromethane
78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone
108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl ketone
127-18-4 Tetrachloroethylene
108-88-3 Toluene
71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichioroethane
79-01-6 Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and cadmium compounds
Chromium and chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury and mercury compounds
Nickel and nickel compounds
Subtotal for 33/50 Chemicals
Subtotal for All Other TRI Chemicals
Subtotal for All TRI Chemicals
Treated Off-site
71-43-2 Benzene
56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride
67-66-3 Chloroform
75-09-2 Dichloromethane
78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone
108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl ketone
127-18-1 Tetrachloroethylene
108-88-3 Toluene
71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
79-01-6 Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and cadmium compounds
Chromium and chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury and mercury compounds
Nickel and nickel compounds
Subtotal for 33/50 Chemicals
Subtotal for All Other TRI Chemicals
Subtotal for All TR1 Chemicals
Total for 33/50 Chemicals
Total for All Other TRI Chemicals
Total for All TR1 Chemicals
Projected Data
1991
Pounds
32,067,226
15.122,884
24,835,406
33,975,295
58,025,657
12,147.639
14,684,082
128,478,222
3,031,986
4,886.629
50,439,940
712,333
35,341,390
16,756.351
42,264,696
35,853
2,574,340
475,379,929
5,613,242,026
6.088,621,955
2,167,000
840,947
2,086,756
11,123,271
8,546,040
2,621,785
3,323,435
15,572.603
5,427,953
2,602,508
11,900,818
337,522
5,047,723
485,275
5,434,843
65,832
2,455,527
80,039,838
421,053,343
501,093,181
555,419,767
6,034,295,369
6,589,715,136
1993
Pounds
40,960,815
15,024,261
13.279,372
25.060,609
57,262,327
12,045,137
16,466.593
112,964,616
1,750,504
8,031,842
134,037,114
533,942
90,599,323
30,236,841
34,337,601
40,900
3.100,672
595,732,469
5,861,678,865
6,457,411,334
2,291,840
906,644
2,277,950
10,129,769
6,390,031
2,126,747
2,307,221
16,503,972
2,766,119
3,034,056
8,007,062
199,349
5,974,885
397,495
2,960,761
526
2,472,629
68,747,056
365,871,929
434,618,985
664,479,525
6,227.550.794
6,892,030,319
1994
Pounds
32.088,508
14.419,837
19.744,218
18,927.711
62,307,378
16,549.233
21,534,333
155,607.346
1,146,568
6,004,328
72,570,751
103,760
79,649,625
32,530,091
33,182,059
11,065
2,687,558
569,044,369
5,920,503,209
6,489.547,578
2,226,836
929,597
2,319,118
12,334,437
6,546,417
2,062,305
2,144,993
17,645,405
2,420.884
2,798.413
9,541,783
228,228
5,156,876
538,971
5,747,663
2,475
2,661,748
75,306,149
372,677,666
447,983,815
644,350,518
6,293,180,875
6,937.531,393
1995
Pounds
33.237,900
14,052,167
20,096.998
20,799,503
63,308,526
16.434,674
21,641,380
133,993,092
969,285
6,189,853
71,852,159
106,787
79.942,563
28,467,317
24,560,560
8,550
1,945,200
537,606,514
6,268.044,291
6,805,650,805
2,096,811
724,586
1,797,818
10,784,901
5.577,728
1,544,674
1.769.735
17,691,209
1,815,808
2,210,721
8,998,333
169,015
3.917,803
421,764
5,645,551
2,547
2,269,086
67,438,090
379,046,717
446,484,807
605,044,604
6,647,091.008
7,252,135,612
1996
Pounds
33,642,345
14,016,793
19,832,960
22.067,342
68,730,049
16,912,537
21,612,049
137,483,692
837,248
6.328,998
73,511,239
102,748
79,821,608
28,889,558
30,631,408
8,550
1,911,691
556340,815
6,268,549,140
6,824,889,955
2,111,608
711,116
1,713,924
10,453,219
5,312,026
1,258,372
1,631,045
17,477,897
1,155,197
1,962,179
8,373,670
135,576
3,792,765
385,744
5,296,782
2,552
2,209,487
63,983,159
353,450,678
417,433,837
620,323,974
6,621,999,818
7,242.323,792
Data for 1991 reported on 1991 Form R; data for all other years reported on 1994 Form R. Does not include delisted chemicals,
chemicals added in 1994, and ammonia, ammonium sulfate (solution), and sulfuric acid.
27
-------
3«^ 33/50 Program: Seventh Progress Report
Table 7. Quantity of 33/50 Program Chemicals Released/Disposed of, by Chemical, 1 991 , 1 993-1 996,©
CAS
Number Chemical
71-43-2 Benzene
56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride
67-66-3 Chloroform
75-09-2 Dichloromethane
78-93-3 Methyl ethy! ketone
108- 10- 1 Methyl isobutyl ketone
127-18^i Tetrachloroethylene
108-88-3 Toluene
71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
79-01-6 Trichioroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and cadmium compounds
Chromium and chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury and mercury compounds
Nickel and nickel compounds
Total for 33/50 Chemicals
Total for All Other TRI Chemicals
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Projected Data
1991
Quantity
Released/
Disposed of
Pounds
18,897,429
1,650,166
19,939,888
79,828,895
106,412,846
28,841,695
16.735,732
206,808,830
138,803,672
35,034,674
129,177,777
1,234,575
41,203,321
7,146,331
36,367,408
103,043
11,436,647
879,622,929
1,929,925,291
2,809,548,220
1993
Quantity
Released/
Disposed of
Pounds
11.540.804
1.168.152
13.436,746
65,082,386
83,721,857
24,449,586
10,900,830
168.664,091
46,025,083
30,264,373
115,115,205
3,360,643
38,636,846
6,427,622
34,377,029
51,820
10,493,637
663,716,710
1,686,448,821
2,350,165,531
1994
Quantity'
Released/
Disposed of
Pounds
9,966,186
847,419
11,466,125
69,053,033
80,107,774
25,615,023
10,785,921
164,627,303
37,826,474
29,980,770
115,426,930
2,047,197
37,719,855
7,579,180
33,542,596
53,258
9,378,476
646,023,520
1,577,500,191
2,223,523,73 1
1995
Quantity
Released/
Disposed of
Pounds
9,512,073
563,029
10,605.487
57,080,360
71,814,786
23,514,536
8,778,725
150,258,538
22,225,516
24,006,845
106,383,399
2,073,501
40,552,181
7,365,366
30,907,872
49.455
11,167,123
576,858,792
1,526,187,244
2,103,046,036
1996
Quantity
Released/
Disposed of
Pounds
9,178,926
498,542
10,383,493
52,457,403
67,636,617
21,854,867
7,718,748
144,523,787
7,985.960
19,376,046
102,400,877
2,036,794
40,491,316
7,137,485
31,715,081
49.255
12,567,257
538,012,454
1,702,849,724
2,240,862,178
Table 8. Quantity of 33/50 Program Chemicals in Production-related Waste, by Chemical, 1991,1993-1996.g
CAS
Number
7 1 -43-2
56-23-5
67-66-3
75-09-2
78-93-3
108-10-1
127-18-4
108-88-3
71-55-6
79-01-6
Chemical
Benzene
Carbon tetrachloride
Chloroform
Dichloromethane
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
1,1,1 -Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and cadmium compounds
Chromium and chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury and mercury compounds
Nickel and nickel compounds
Total for 33/50 Chemicals
Total for All Other TRI Chemicals
Total for All TR! Chemicals
1991 Total
Production-
related
Waste
Pounds
133,309,424
34,518,506
60,867,293
251,714,819
492,158,863
234,901,439
171,123,047
1,300,576,659
323,511,294
312,285,542
693,652,353
8,210,520
249,980,001
50,580,114
1,106,511,944
1,983,111
147,925,528
5,573,810,457
15,219,391,575
20,793,202,032
1993 Total
Production-
related
Waste
Pounds
123,034,043
24,787,401
50,432,928
192,591,248
386,532,536
160,912,908
117,693,726
1,693,002,418
129,080,636
314,498,150
709,214,608
10,311,151
342,600,004
50.122.261
971.741.704
1.221.196
162,509,339
5,440,286,257
15,706,293,557
21,146,579,814
1994 Total
Production-
related
Waste
Pounds
117.294,905
26,798,411
50,414,310
197,359,730
378,095,187
170,376,889
1 10,609,497
1,704,578,282
125,050,852
298,909,937
655,989,274
10,299,924
347,761,163
84,675,328
1,058,150,168
1,020,477
187,740,010
5,525,124,344
16,624,256,302
22,149,380,646
Projected
1995 Total
Production-
related
Waste
Pounds
113,837,246
25,774,634
49,457,276
188,282,788
379,719,273
171,232,564
101,107,844
1,700,656,492 1
93,827,808
196,702,678
655,978,094
9.850,747
365,421,794
79.734,699
942,522,306
1,082,292
203,689,524
5,278,878,059 5
17,333,515,380 17
22,612,393,439 22
Data
1996 Total
Production-
related
Waste
Pounds
115,335,072
25,511,227
48,812.676
183,439,867
385,080,766
177,480,304
98,868,590
,661,627,137
57,177,730
169,714,761
659,561,835
10,046,389
374,092,501
78.078,614
868.947,789
1.140,189
217,587,301
,132,502,748
,617,205,331
,749,708,079
Q) Data for 1991 reported on 1991 Form R; data for all other years reported on 1994 Form R. Does not include delisted chemicals,
chemicals added in 1994, and ammonia, ammonium sulfate (solution), and sulfuric acid.
28
-------
33/50 Program: Seventh Progress Report
Benzene
Carbon
tetrachloride
Chloroform
Dichloromethane
Methyl ethyl
ketone
Methyl isobutyl
ketone
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and
cadmium compounds
Chromium and
chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and
lead compounds
Mercury and
mercury compounds
Nickel and
nickel compounds
D1991
• 1992
D1993
• 1994
01995 Projected
D1996 Projected
3==
—i— —i— —i— —i— —i— —i—
0 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 1,800
Millions of Pounds
Figure 12. Total Production-related Waste, 33/50 Program Chemicals, Actual and Projected, 1991-1996.®
Q) Data for 1991 as reported on 1991 forms; data for 1992 as reported on 1992 forms: all other years from 1994 forms.
29
-------
y,£ 33/5O Program: Seventh Progress Report
Benzene
Carbon
tetrachloride
Chloroform
Dichloromethane
Methyl ethyl
ketone
Methyl isobutyl
ketone
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
1,1,1 -Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and
cadmium compounds
Chromium and
chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and
lead compounds
Mercury and
mercury compounds
Nickel and
nickel compounds
D 1991-1994
(Actual)
• 1994-1996
(Projected)
-80 -60 -40 -20 0 20
Percentage Change
40
60
80
Figure 13. Percentage Change in Total Production-related Waste. 33 50 Program Chemicals. Actual and
Projected. 1991-1996.^,
fft Data for 1991 as reported on 1991 forms; data for 1994 and 1996 from 1994 forms.
30
-------
33/50 Program: Seventh Progress Report Vp-i^y^1
Millions of Pounds
6,000
5,000 -
4,000 -
3,000 -
2,000 -
1,000 -
01991
• 1992
D1993
B1994
D1995 Projected
D1996 Projected
J-
Recycled Recycled Energy Energy Treated On- Treated Off- Quantity Total
On-site Off-site Recovery Recovery site site Released Production-
On-site Off-site related
Waste
Figure 14. Quantities of 33/50 Program Chemicals Managed in Waste, by Management Type, Actual and
Projected, 1991-1996.®
© Data for 1991 as reported on 1991 forms; data for 1992 as reported on 1992 forms; all other years from 1994 forms.
31
-------
•^J/J 33/50 Program: Seventh Progress Report
Recycled On-site
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery
On-site
Energy Recovery
Off-site
Treated On-site
Treated Off-site
Quantity Released
1991-1994
(Actual)
1994-1996
(Projected)
-30
-20
-10 0 10
Percentage Change
20
30
Figure 15. Percentage Change in Waste Management Practices, 33/50 Program Chemicals, 1991-1996.©
SOURCE REDUCTION
REPORTING FOR 33/50 PROGRAM
CHEMICALS
Facilities are also required to report in Section 8
of Form R any source reduction efforts that
were directed toward TR1 chemicals during the
reporting year and the methods they employed
in identifying source reduction opportunities.
Source Reduction Activities
Table 9 summarizes facilities' reporting of
source reduction activities for each of the
seventeen 33/50 Program chemicals for 1991-
1994. As a group and individually, 33/50
Program chemicals in 1994 again evidenced
higher rates and levels of source reduction
activity reporting than that reported for other
TRI chemicals. Of the more than 16,000 Form
Rs reporting implementation of a source reduc-
tion activity during 1994, 42.9% (6,947) were
for the seventeen 33/50 Program chemicals. The
33/50 chemicals accounted for only 34% of total
TRI Form Rs, but 43% of the source reduction
reports. Thirty percent of 33/50 chemical Form
Rs reported the occurrence of source reduction,
compared to 20% of the forms submitted for
other TRI chemicals.
Data for 1991 as reported on 1991 forms; data for 1994 and 1996 from 1994 forms.
32
-------
Individual 33/50 Program chemicals had some
of the highest levels of reporting on source
reduction. Three of the five TRI chemicals with
the greatest number of Form Rs reporting source
reduction activities in 1994 are 33/50 chemicals
[toluene, xylene (mixed isomers), and methyl
ethyl ketone]. The high ranking for 33/50
Program chemicals is partly due to the fact that
they rank among the highest TRI chemicals in
total number of Form Rs submitted. But
chemicals targeted for reduction under the 33/50
Program also evidenced some of the highest
percentages of Form R submissions indicating
source reduction. Among 33/50 Program
chemicals, the highest was 1,1,1-trichloro-
ethane, with 49% of its TRI forms indicating
source reduction activity. The high degree of
attention to applying source reduction tech-
niques to this chemical reflects concerns over
the 1996 ban on its production.
Thirteen 33/50 Program chemicals are among
the top 50 TRI chemicals for numbers of forms
reporting source reduction hi 1994. Of these,
organic chemicals generally evidenced higher
percentages of Form Rs reporting source reduc-
tion than did the inorganics. Only one of the 11
organics fell below the 30% rate (carbon tetra-
chloride). None of the inorganics exceeded the
30% source reduction activity rate, with
chromium and nickel (and their compounds)
falling below the 20% mark (17% and 15%
respectively).
For the period 1991-1994, source reduction
activity reporting has declined both in absolute
terms, due mostly to reductions in total Form Rs
submitted to TRI, and in percentage terms,
though only marginally (2.4% for 1991-1994).
Similar patterns are observed for both 33/50 and
non-33/50 Program chemicals. Facilities are
only supposed to report an activity the first year
they implement it, which may contribute to the
decline in reporting.
33/50 Program: Seventh Progress Report
Facilities described the type of source reduction
activity that they implemented for each
chemical (see Table 10). The 33/50 Program
chemicals as a group did not differ significantly
from other TRI chemicals in the types of
activities employed. Improvement in facility
operating practices is the most common
approach, followed by process modifications.
Methods Used to Identify
Source Reduction Opportunities
Table 11 summarizes facilities' reporting of
source reduction activity identification methods
for each of the seventeen 33/50 Program
chemicals in 1994. Here again, facilities did not
seem to treat Program chemicals differently than
other TRI chemicals in their search for source
reduction opportunities, although the data do
show a somewhat greater reliance on assistance
from state programs.
LOOKING TO THE FUTURE:
WRAPPING UP 33/50 AND
LOOKING TO A NEXT GENERATION
1995 has come and gone and even though 1995
TRI data won't be available for another year, the
33/50 Program's ultimate 50% pollution reduc-
tion goal has been achieved—a year ahead of
schedule. So what's left to be done in wrapping
up the 33/50 Program, and what's in store for
the future?
Industries' efforts to meet 33/50's challenges
have concluded in many cases, though many
companies set environmental goals that extend
years into the future and others are drawing on
momentum established through their Program
participation to continue their voluntary reduc-
tion efforts on their own. At EPA, the 33/50
33
-------
33/50 Program: Seventh Progress Report
Table 9. Number of Forms Reporting Source Reduction Activity, by 33/50 Program Chemical, 1991-1994.©
CAS
Number Chemical
71-43-2 Benzene
56-23-5 Carbon tetiachloride
67-66-3 Chloroform
7S-09-2 Dichloromethane
78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone
108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl ketone
127-18-4 Tetrachloroethylene
108-88-3 Toluene
71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
79-01-6 Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and
cadmium compounds
Chromium and
chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and
lead compounds
Mercury and
mercury compounds
Nickel and
nickel compounds
Total for 33/50 Chemicals
Total for All Other TRI Chemicals
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Number of TRI Forms
1991
486
102
185
1,300
2,594
1,047
578
3,968
3,734
725
3,832
217
3,115
318
1,819
56
2,418
26,494
46,761
73,255
1992
476
90
181
1,140
2,512
1,038
519
3,822
3,210
681
3,698
187
3,134
297
1,712
39
2,448
25,184
46,105
71,289
1993
474
75
175
1,081
2,473
1,021
490
3,643
2,111
790
3,611
178
3,206
297
1,687
35
2,537
23,884
45,601
69,485
1994
491
69
167
1,030
2,389
1,031
459
3,566
1,207
783
3,517
158
3,182
292
1,662
30
2,573
22,606
44,823
67,429
Forms
Reporting Source
Number
1991
155
29
68
525
974
387
216
1,504
1,620
291
1,372
61
604
94
488
12
381
8,781
10,336
19,117
1992
154
27
62
421
918
361
193
1,453
1,504
248
1,325
64
570
85
444
8
356
8,193
9,959
18,152
1993
143
18
54
382
921
341
178
1,387
1,172
288
1,291
64
574
80
431
10
392
7,726
9,698
17,424
1994
139
14
42
344
911
358
169
1,343
592
273
1,257
60
547
75
419
8
396
6,947
9,237
16,184
Reduction Activities
Percent of All Forms
1991
31.9
28.4
36.8
40.4
37.5
37.0
37.4
37.9
43.4
40.1
35.8
28.1
19.4
29.6
26.8
21.4
15.8
33.1
22.1
26.1
1992
32.4
30.0
34.3
36.9
36.5
34.8
37.2
38.0
46.9
36.4
35.8
34.2
18.2
28.6
25.9
20.5
14.5
32.5
21.6
25.5
1993 1994
30.2 28.3
24.0 20.3
30.9 25.1
35.3 33.4
37.2 38.1
33.4 34.7
36.3 36.8
38.1 37.7
55.5 49.0
36.5 34.9
35.8 35.7
36.0 38.0
17.9 17.2
26.9 25.7
25.5 25.2
28.6 26.7
15.5 15.4
32.3 30.7
21.3 20.6
25.1 24.0
Program staff are putting the finishing touches
on the Agency's flagship partnership experi-
ment. Major activities include:
National Conference
The 33/50 Program is co-sponsoring a National
Conference, in conjunction with the Hampshire
Research Institute, entitled "Putting Pollution
Prevention into Action." This conference will be
held in September 1996 in Washington, DC.
The purpose of this gathering is twofold:
1) provide insight into current pollution preven-
tion activities and challenges for developing
new initiatives and partnerships for the future
and 2) celebrate the successful partnership of the
33/50 Program.
The conference will follow three tracks that will
cover:
• Partnerships and Initiatives for Pollution
Prevention—pushing forward with P2;
• Integrating Pollution Prevention into the
Mainstream—the challenges for P2 in global
environmental concerns and business; and,
• Initiatives for the 21 st Century—ideas for
advancing environmental management and
building a sustainable world.
In conjunction with this conference, the 33/50
Program will be thanking all 1,300 participants
for their contributions to the early achievements
of reduction goals.
Does not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1994, and ammonia, ammonium sulfate (solution), and sulfuric acid.
34
-------
Table 10.
33/50 Program: Seventh Progress Report
Number of TRI Forms Reporting Source Reduction Activity, by Category, by 33/50 Program
Chemical, 1994.©
CAS
Number
71-43-2
56-23-5
67-66-3
75-09-2
78-93-3
108-10-1
127-18-4
108-88-3
71-55-6
79-01-6
Chemical
Benzene
Carbon tetrachloride
Chloroform
Dichloromethane
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
1,1,1 -Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and cadmium compounds
Chromium and chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury and mercury compounds
Nickel and nickel compounds
Total for 33/50 Chemicals
Total for All Other TRI Chemicals
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Category of Source Reduction Activity
Good
Operating
Practices
49
6
15
159
459
204
95
636
212
136
586
24
311
33
238
2
240
3,405
5,695
9,100
Inventory
Control
10
0
0
34
175
69
14
204
49
13
174
8
75
8
60
0
62
955
1,377
2,332
Spill
and Leak
Prevention
103
3
7
82
159
71
37
295
77
35
256
14
130
18
85
0
89
1,461
3,460
4,921
Raw
Material
Modifi-
cations
8
1
15
95
233
69
13
342
171
20
280
19
107
10
137
2
48
1,570
1,603
3,173
Process
Modifi-
cations
73
10
23
110
235
124
40
387
94
54
378
20
227
43
159
5
155
2,137
4,030
6,167
Surface
Cleaning Preparation
and and
Degreasing Finishing
3
0
0
89
107
29
72
112
272
152
88
4
31
13
7
0
39
1,018
658
1,676
3
0
0
19
287
116
4
404
49
8
440
1
21
1
9
0
12
1,374
761
2,135
Product
Modifi-
cations
1
0
1
36
98
47
9
162
71
17
137
15
57
1
66
1
38
757
786
1,543
33/50 Program Company Profiles
Over the past two years, the 33/50 Program has
released 23 Company Profiles detailing the
specific projects companies have undertaken to
reduce their emissions of the 17 target chemi-
cals. Nine new studies incorporating 1994 TRI
data will be released this summer. The release of
each new group of Profiles is accompanied by a
new volume of a Reduction Highlights summary
report, which contains short extracts of the new
studies and a table listing all studies completed
at that time.
33/50 Program Success Stories
At the recommendation of an outside 33/50
Program advisory group, EPA issued invitations
to all 1,300 33/50 participating parent compa-
nies to "Tell the World" about their 33/50
pollution reduction activities by submitting their
own Success Stories. A sample story was
modelled on one of EPA's more recent
Company Profiles. More than 200 companies
expressed interest in writing these case studies,
which will be shorter than the Profiles since they
will feature only one reduction project per story.
A compendium of Success Stories will be
released initially at the September conference.
Success Stories will be distributed in hard copy
and electronic format via the Internet as an
entire compendium and in custom groups based
on readers' interests in chemicals, processes,
sectors, and pollution reduction techniques.
Does not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1994, and ammonia, ammonium sulfate (solution), and sulfuric acid.
35
-------
Hg^w 33/50 Program: Seventh Progress Report
Table 11. Methods Used to Identify Source Reduction Activity, by 33/50 Program Chemical, 1994.®
CAS
Number
71-43-2
56-23-5
67-66-3
75-09-2
78-93-3
108-10-1
127-18-4
108-88-3
71-55-6
79-01-6
Chemical
Benzene
Carbon tetrachloride
Chloroform
Dichloromethane
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
1,1,1 -Trichloroethane
TrichloToethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and
cadmium compounds
Chromium and
chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury and
mercury compounds
Nickel and
nickel compounds
Total for 33/50 Chemicals
Total for All Other TRI Chemicals
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Number of
Forms Reporting
Source Reduction
Activities
139
14
42
344
911
358
169
1,343
592
273
1,257
60
547
75
419
8
396
6,947
10,610
17,557
Pollution Prevention
Opportunity Audit
Internal
77
5
17
132
360
150
83
520
230
117
492
28
211
33
165
4
136
2,760
4,198
6,958
External
4
0
4
10
52
20
6
68
27
11
56
1
27
4
27
1
22
340
433
773
Materials
Balance
Audit
12
2
4
42
162
55
23
171
80
27
161
10
85
7
67
0
75
983
1,408
2,391
Participative
Team
Management
45
5
22
156
451
188
80
620
263
129
570
30
278
33
214
5
228
3,317
5,099
8,416
Employee
Recommendation
Informal
19
2
5
67
164
65
27
222
72
43
230
9
104
14
76
2
87
1,208
2,048
3,256
Formal
Program
14
2
4
30
96
41
12
137
59
23
120
11
57
5
49
3
43
706
1,160
1,866
36
-------
33/50 Program: Seventh Progress Report
Table 11.
Chemical
Benzene
Carbon tetrachloride
Chloroform
Dichloromethane
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and
cadmium compounds
Chromium and
chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury and
mercury compounds
Nickel and
nickel compounds
Total for 33/50 Chemicals
Total for All Other TRI Chemicals
Total for All TRI Chemicals
State
Program
1
0
0
3
9
8
6
28
13
10
21
0
2
1
3
0
1
106
103
209
Federal
Program
3
0
0
1
3
2
0
8
10
1
8
1
1
0
5
0
0
43
51
94
Trade/
Industry
Program
9
0
3
24
56
26
7
89
41
19
90
3
35
6
25
0
20
453
602
1,055
Vendor
Assistance
11
0
1
81
281
109
35
437
195
70
430
14
144
19
93
0
79
1,999
2,113
4,112
Other
57
5
15
76
174
60
21
281
118
48
254
15
95
13
92
0
60
1,384
2,134
3,518
© Does not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1994, and ammonia, ammonium sulfate (solution), and sulfuric acid.
37
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tgjLffi 33/50 Program: Seventh Progress Report
FOR MORE INFORMATION....
Companies' written communications with the
33/50 Program are available to the public along
with a variety of Program information materials,
including computer-generated lists of participat-
ing companies. Anyone interested in obtaining
additional information about the 33/50 Program
can do so by calling EPA's TSCA Assistance
Hotline at (202) 554-1404 Monday through
Friday between 8:30 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. EST.
US EPA - Region I
(MS: ATR)
1 Congress Street
Boston, MA 02203
PH#: (617) 565-3240
FAX: (617) 565-1141
US EPA - Region II
(MS: 105)
2890 Woodbridge Ave, Bldg. 10
Edison, NJ 08837
PH#: (908) 906-6815
FAX: (908) 321-6788
US EPA - Region III
(MS.-3AT01)
841 Chestnut Bldg
Philadelphia, PA 19107
PH#: (215) 566-9302
FAX: (215) 566-3156
US EPA - Region IV
345 Courtland Street, NE
Atlanta, GA 30365
PH#: (404) 347-3555 x 6977
FAX: (404) 347-1681
US EPA - Region V
(MS: SP-14J)
77 W. Jackson Blvd.
Chicago, IL 60604
PH#: (312) 886-6219
FAX: (312) 353-4342
38
Or contact the 33/50 Program staff directly at
EPA headquarters at (202) 260-6907 or by
directing letters to Mail Code 7408, Office of
Pollution Prevention and Toxics, U.S. EPA, 401
M Street, SW., Washington, DC 20460.
Program staff can also be reached via fax at
(202) 401-8142, or via the Internet at
BURNS.MIKE@EPAMAIL.EPA.GOV.
Information about the 33/50 Program can also
be obtained from 33/50 Program Coordinators
in EPA's 10 Regional Offices:
US EPA - Region VI
(MS: 6T-PT)
1445 Ross Avenue
Dallas, TX 75202
PH#: (214) 665-7582
FAX: (214) 665-2164
US EPA - Region VII
(MS: ARTX)
726 Minnesota Avenue
Kansas City, KS 66101
PH#: (913) 551-7315
FAX: (913) 551-7065
US EPA - Region VIII
(MS: 8ART-AP)
999-18th St., Suite 600
Denver, CO 80202-2405
PH#: (303) 312-6515
FAX: (303) 312-6044
US EPA - Region IX
(MS: A-4-3)
75 Hawthorne Street
San Francisco, CA 94105
PH#: (415) 744-1121
FAX: (415) 744-1073
US EPA - Region X
(MS:HW-107)
1200-6th Avenue
Seattle, WA 98101
PH#: (206) 553-4762
FAX: (206) 553-8338
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