ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
OFFICE OF ENFORCEMENT
EPA-330/2-77-019
Emisson Testing
. . and
Electrostatic Precipitator Evaluation
Cardinal Station
Ohio Power Company
Brilliant, Ohio
MAY 14-22, 1977
NATIONAL ENFORCEMENT I N V EST IG ATIO N S CENTER
DENVER, COLORADO ^
AND ftS?
REGION V, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS
AUGUST 1977
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Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Enforcement
EPA- 330/2- 77-0^
EMISSION TESTING
and
ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR EVALUATION
CARDINAL STATION
OHIO POWER COMPANY
Brilliant, Ohio
(May 1977)
August 1977
National Enforcement Investigations Center - Denver
and
Region V - Chicago
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CONTENTS
I INTRODUCTION .... 1
II SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 4
EMISSION TESTING 4
ESP EVALUATION 5
III PLANT OPERATION 7
STEAM GENERATORS 7
COAL SUPPLY 8
COAL FEED 10
PARTICULATE COLLECTION 10
WATER CYCLE 11
IV EMISSION TESTING PROCEDURES 12
SAMPLING TRAIN 12
PARTICULATE SAMPLES 13
S03-H2S04 SAMPLES 14
SAMPLE ANALYSIS 16
SAMPLING LOCATIONS 16
PROCESS OBSERVATION 17
V EMISSION TESTING RESULTS 22
VI ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR EVALUATION 26
ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR DESIGN 26
INSPECTION PROCEDURES AND FINDINGS 29
COMPARISON OF DESIGN VS ACTUAL CONDITIONS .... 35
REFERENCES 38
APPENDICES
A Coal Analysis Procedures and Results
B Sampling Train Description and Calibration Data
C Participate and Sulfate Analysis Procedures
and Results
D Chain-of-Custody
E Process and Control Equipment Operating Data
F Raw Data Sheets and Calculations
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FIGURES
1 General Layout of Plant 3
2 Stack Details for Units 1 and 2
(Stations 0801 and 0802) 18
3 Approximate Dimensions of the Electrostatic
Precipitator Active Area 27
4 Circuit Used to Measure ESP Secondary
Current 30
TABLES
1 Analyses of Composite Samples of
Coal Burned in Units 1 and 2 9
2 Summary of Stack Test Data
Unit 1 (Station 0801) 19
3 Summary of Stack Test Data
Unit 2 (Station 0802) 20
4 Results of Stack Tests 21
5 Average Heat Input Rates to Units 1 and 2 21
6 Average Opacity Data for Units 1 and 2 24
7 Design Parameters for Electrostatic
Precipitators Units 1 and 2 28
8 Summary of ESP Data - Unit 1 31
9 Summary of ESP Data - Unit 2 32
10 Design and Actual Performance Parameters for
Units 1 and 2 Electrostatic Precipitators ... 36
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I. INTRODUCTION
The Cardinal electric generating station in Brilliant, Ohio is
jointly owned by Buckeye Power, Inc. and the Ohio Power Company, a
member of the American Electric Power System: It has three Babcock and
Wilcox (B&W) pulverized coal-fired steam generators (Units 1 through 3)
with a total electrical generating capacity (gross) of 1,760 megawatts
(MW). Units 1 and 2 were installed in 1967; Unit 3 was not yet operating
during this study. The design generating capacity (gross) of both Unit
1 and 2 is 620 MW.*
On February 28, 1977, the National Enforcement Investigations
Center (NEIC) was requested by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Region V to determine compliance of Units 1 and 2 with Ohio's Air
Pollution Regulation AP-3-11. AP-3-11 limits particulate emissions from
fuel-burning equipment which has the primary purpose of producing heat
and power by indirect heat transfer. The allowable emission rate for
Units 1 and 2 is 0.18 kg/106 kcal (0.10 lb/106 Btu) heat input. Also,
NEIC collected the necessary visible emission data to determine com-
pliance with Ohio Regulation AP-3-07, which limits the opacity of
emissions to 20%.
Method 5 procedures of the Code of Federal Regulations (40 CFR6)
were followed for testing Units 1 and 2---Stations 0801 and 0802,
respectively. Tests were performed at Station 0802 May 16 to 18, and at
Station 0801 May 20 and 21. In addition to the Method 5 tests, one
* Units 1 and 2 are each operated at 570 MJ (gross) because of slagging.
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Method 81 test was conducted at each station to obtain data on sulfur
trioxide-sulfuric acid mist (SCL-hLSO.) and sulfur dioxide (S0~) emissions.*
During stack sampling, NEIC personnel recorded process and control equipment
operating data and obtained visible emission data according to Method 91
[General plant layout is shown in Figure 1.].
An electrostatic precipitator (ESP) evaluation was made in conjunction
with the tests of Units 1 and 2. ESP operating parameters were monitored
and design data were collected to evaluate the operation of the Joy-Western
precipitators. In addition, an internal inspection was made on the Unit 1
ESP for corrosion and physical condition.
The Method 8 tests which was to have been conducted at Station 0801
was replaced by a modified Method 5 test.
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RAILROAD UNt
i M t I I I 1 I'f It I I 1 I
-»-M .|.( ) | I I I 1 I 1 II M I M i I I I I i i 1 II I 1 > M >••
STACK [STATION 0802]
COAl CONVEYER
STACK (STATION 0801)
V
IOM
FROM STORAGE AREA
PARKING AREA
TIDD flANT
OHIO RIVER
I. 0«neraf Layout of Plant Cardinal Station, Ohio Power Company Br/MJanf, Ohio
CO
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II. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
EMISSION TESTING
Three Method 5 sampling runs within the isokinetic range of 90 to
110% were conducted at the stacks serving Units 1 and 2 [Stations 0801
and 0802, respectively]. Testing at Station 0801 was conducted while
Unit 1 was operating at from 79 to 82% of its generating capacity. This
reduced operating level was caused by a steam leak in the super-heater
section. Unit 2 was operating at 91 to 97% of capacity during testing
at Station 0802.
During the particulate testing, the average heat input rate to Unit
1 was 1,063 x 106 kcal/hr (4,216 x 106 Btu/hr) and to Unit 2 was 1,158 x
10 kcal/hr (4,595 x 106 Btu/hr). Based on these heat input rates, Ohio
Regulation AP-3-11 allows an emission rate of 0.18 kg/106 kcal (0.10
lb/106 Btu) for each unit.
The Method 5 test results are summarized below:
Average Particulate Emission Rate
Locatlon kg/hr Ib/hr kg/106 kcal lb/106 Btu
Unit
Unit
1
2
Stack
Stack
(0801)
(0802)
3
3
,470
,520
7
7
,640
,760
3.
3.
26
07
1
1
,81
.70
The average emission rates for Units 1 and 2, 3.26 kg/10 kcal (1.81 lb/
106 Btu) and 3.07 kg/106 kcal (1.70 lb/106 Btu), respectively, are more
than 17 times the allowable emission rate of 0.18 kg/10 kcal. Units
1 and 2 were not in compliance with AP-3-11.
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Twenty sets of opacity data were obtained for Units 1 and 2, ten for
each unit. The average opacity for each set was above that allowed by
AP-3-07, which limits the opacity of emissions to 20% with a 3 min/hr
exemption to 60%. Opacities (10-minute average) for Unit 1 ranged from
56 to 79% while average opacities of 57 to 86% were observed for Unit 2.
Sulfur trioxide-acid mist (SO^-H^SO.) and sulfur dioxide (SOp)
levels measured for Stations 0801 and 0802 are listed below. At the
present time, Ohio has no S0? regulation.
Station
0801
0802
S03-H2S04
kg/hr
17.9
57.4
Emission Rate1
Ib/hr
39.5
126
SO^ Emission Rate
kg/hr Ib/hr
7,630 16,800
6,270 13,800
t SO- - H^04, ^ata f°r Station 0801 are low due to the
test procedure used.
ESP EVALUATION
The mechanical condition and the fundamental design of the ESP's
appeared to be sound. No excessive corrosion or internal damage was
detected during the visual inspection of the Unit 1 ESP. The align-
ment and spacing of the collection and corona electrodes appeared to
be straight and even. The design parameters of the ESP's are typical
of other utility installations that were designed for 95% collection
efficiency.
The stack tests results, together with extimated inlet concentra-
tions, indicate the ESP's for both Unit 1 and Unit 2 are operating
at lower than the guaranteed design efficiency of 95%.
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5
The major reasons for an operating efficiency lower than designed are as
follows:
The electrical controls could not be operated at maximum power
•input levels or optimum spark rate. The Company practice of
setting the primary voltages manually to avoid sparking pre-
cludes the precipitators from operating at optimum levels.
Electrical tracking (electrical leakage across the insulation
surface) was indicated in the insulator compartment of section
IB of Unit 2. This would result in the loss of input power
and could lead to insulator damage and breakdown.
The ESP's were being operated at higher-than-design flow rates
by about 8% for Unit 1 and 14% for Unit 2. The increased
turbulence caused by flow imbalances and higher velocities
could result in greater re-entrainment losses. In addition,
the higher flow rate reduces treatment time.
Both Unit 1 and Unit 2 ESP's were operated with two of the
twelve electrical sections out of service for all stack test
runs except one. When operated with only one electrical
section out of service, (Run 4 at Station 0801) the estimated
efficiency improved by 6 to 9% over previous runs.
Upgrading the ESP's to meet a design efficiency of 95% would not
be sufficient to comply with the allowable emission rate of 0.18 kg/10
.kcal heat input. A collection efficiency in excess of 99% is required
to meet the requirements of AP-3-11.
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III. PLANT OPERATION
The Cardinal Station is jointly owned by the Ohio Power Company and
Buckeye Power Inc., and operated by Cardinal Operating Company, a sub-
sidiary of Ohio Power. It is a base-loaded installation with a normal
operating schedule of 24 hr/d?y, "1 days/week, 52 wk/year. The peak
demand occurs 6 a.m. to 10 p.m. Monday through Friday.
STEAM GENERATORS
Of the three pulverized coal-fired steam generators at the Cardinal
Station—Units 1, 2, and 3—only Units 1 and 2 were operating during
the NEIC study. The total generating capacity (gross) of the three
units is expected to be about 1,760 MW. The percentage of time the
generators are available for operation, known as the availability
factor, is estimated at 80% for Units 1 and 2. The steam generators are
further described below.
Steam Manufacturer
Year
Generator Installed
No.
1 Babcock & Wilcox
2 Babcock .& Wilcox
3ft Babcock & Wilcox
1967
1967
1977
Peak Power
Gross
5701'
5701'
620
Output (MW)
Net
550
550
600
t Operated at less than design capacity of 620 MW (gross)
because of slagging.
tt Startup expected summer 1977.
The following discussion is limited to Units 1 and 2 which were
tested by NEIC. Each unit operates by opposed firing (10 burner cells
on both front and back wall) at a supercritical steam pressure of 253
o
kg/cm (3,600 psig). Gas recirculation is used to control the superheater
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8
and the reheater system temperature. Each unit vents to a separate
stack.
COAL SUPPLY
The Cardinal Station has approximately 10 to 12 suppliers of coal
and can handle delivery by truck, rail, or barge. After unloading, the
coal is either sent to one of three storage silos or stockpiled. Based
on the operation of Units 1 and 2, the Cardinal Station stores a 40- to
90-day coal supply. Coal from the storage pile can either be sent
directly to the steam generators via the respective bunker system or it
can be routed to silos which are connected to the bunker systems.
Automatic samplers are installed on the conveyer belt leading to
each bunker system. One daily composite of coal is obtained for each
unit and analyzed at the station by the Cardinal Operating Company for
moisture, ash content, sulfur content, and heating value [Appendix A].
Analytical results for the coal received by Cardinal Station from
December 1976 through March 1977 are listed below:
Coal Analysi
Moisture
Month
Coal
Received
Ash
Sul fur
tons %
Dec
Jan
Feb
March
1976
1977
1977
1977
254
245
216
186
,757
,386
,828
,338
6.
6.
6.
7.
55
67
74
61
14
17
14
14
.26
.15
.23
.44
2
2
2
2
.58
.76
.99
.49
sf
Heating
Value
Btu/lb
11
11
11
n
,599
,125
,616
,373
t As-received basis.
Results of similar analyses for the two-week period May 9-21,
1977 are listed in Table 1.
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Table 1
ANALYSES^ OF COt-tPOSITE SAI-1PLES OF COAL BURNED
IN UNITS 1 AND 2 FROM MAY 9-21, 197?
CARDINAL STATION, OHIO POWER COfJPANY
Brilliant., Ohio
Unit Date
No. May
1 9
10
11
12
13
14, ,
20ft
21
2 9
10
11
12
13
U .,
16ftt
17
18
19
20
21
Moisture
8.47
8.74
8.45
8.67
6.50
6.96
5.52
6.50
8.38
8.54
9.12
7.47
6.00
5.84
6.03
5.05
6.15
5.66
6.05
5.48
Ash Sulfur Heating Value
% % (Btu/lb coal)
17.18
16.05
15.93
14.57
16.04
17.74
11.99
15.63
17.60
16.05
13.90
15.19
15.67
18.75
17.14
13.37
14.74
14.10
13.21
12.80
2.60
2.47
1.55
1.42
2.60
2.27
2.69
2.54
2.11
2.04
2.11
2.26
2.61
2.67
3.05
3.15
1.85
1.92
1.53
3.32
10,672
10,876
11,032
11,058
11,180
10,729
12,130
11,319
10,628
10,892
11,133
11,191
11,304
10,854
11,099
11,812
11,387
11,573
11,710
11,979
t Analyses performed by Cardinal Operating Company_,
data is in an as-fired basis
tt Unit 1 down for repair from 5/15 to 5/19
ttt No samples obtained on Sundays
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10
COAL FEED
Each unit is equipped with five bunkers. Each bunker holds about
600 tons of coal , a 10 to 12 hour supply when the pulverizers operate at
design capacity. Each bunker feeds one pulverizer which supplies coal to
four burner cells. Coal is withdrawn from a bunker and routed through a
counter (weighing device) and feeder to a pulverizer which reduces the
size of the incoming material to the following specifications: 99%
<50 mesh; 50% <200 mesh.
Units 1 and 2 each have five B&W-designed, CR type (ball and race)
pulverizers, each with a rated capacity of 45 m. tons (50 tons)/hr.
Pulverizing capacity has not been oversized, so generating capacity is
dependent upon the operating status of the pulverizers.
A heated air stream is routed through each pulverizer to dry the
coal, transport it pneumatically to the burners, and act as primary
combustion air. The pulverized coal is carried by the primary air to
the burner cells and into the burner zone of the steam generator. The
coal then mixes with secondary air and burns while in suspension. Heat
released by the combustion process is used to generate superheated
o
steam, at a temperature of 590°C (1,000°F) and a pressure of 253 kg/cm
(3,600 psig), which drives the turbine-generator.
PARTICULATE COLLECTION
The hot combustion gases leave the burner zone carrying with them
approximately 85 to 90%2 of the noncombustible material (ash) introduced
* Units 1 and 2 currently have excess pulverising capacity because
they are operating at a reduced load.
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n
with the coal (the remaining 10 to 15% is removed as bottom ash) and
sequentially contact the following heat recovery components of the steam
generator:
Secondary superheater
High pressure reheat superheater (pendant section)
Low pressure reheat superheater
Primary superheater
High pressure reheat superheater (horizontal section)
Economizer
Air Heater
After leaving the economizer, a part of the combustion gas is
withdrawn, passed through a cyclone collector for particulate removal,
and returned to the burner zone. This recirculation of gas is used to
alter the heat-absorption pattern of the steam generator and control
steam temperatures. The remaining gases exit the air heater and pass
through an ESP before venting to the atmosphere.
WATER CYCLE
Feedwater flow is a "once-through" design — there is no recircu-
lation of water within the unit. Preheated feedwater is pumped into the
2
unit at a pressure of 267 kg/cm (3,800 psig). The water then passes
sequentially through all the heat transfer surfaces, where it is con-
verted to steam, which is sent to the turbine-generator system. The
turbines used by Units 1 and 2 were built by General Electric and employ
a double reheat system. Each turbine is rated at 615 MW gross genera-
tion. After exiting the low pressure section of the turbine, the steam
is condensed and the condensate is returned to the feedwater system.
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IV. EMISSION TESTING PROCEDURES
SAMPLING TRAIN
Testing at the Cardinal Station began May 16 and ended May 21.
Three tests were conducted according to the procedures specified in
Method 5 at Stations 0801 and 0802. A fourth test was conducted at
each station for SO^-HpSO^ and SO^ emissions.
The Model AP5000 sampling train manufactured by Scientific Glass,
Inc. [Appendix B] was used for all testing. For Method 5 tests, the
sampling train was arranged as follows:
Stainless steel (316) nozzle
Glass-lined probe
Glass fiber filter (11.2 cm diameter)
First impinger - modified Greenburg-Smith with 100 ml
distilled water
Second impinger - Greenburg-Smith with 100 ml distilled water
Third impinger - modified Greenburg-Smith, empty
Fourth impinger - modified Greenburg-Smith with approxi-
mately 200 grams of silica gel
Moisture content of the gas stream being sampled was determined from the
volume increase in the first three impingers and the weight gain of the
silica gel.
The stack gas molecular weight was calculated using the average
analyses of three to four gas samples collected during each run. Gas
* Method 5 satisfies all the requirements of Power Test Code 27 of
the American Society of Mechanical Engineers and is the sampling
method recommended by the State of Ohio.
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13
samples were obtained by the grab sample technique of Method 31. One
sample was normally analyzed with an Orsat analyzer, while the remaining
samples were analyzed with Fryrite type combustion gas analyzers.
All samples were run within the isokinetic range of 90 to 110%.
Prior to each run, the sampling train was leak-checked at 380 mm (15 in)
Hg. At the completion of the run, a second leak check was conducted at
the highest vacuum recorded during the test. These checks were con-
2
sidered acceptable if the leak rate did not exceed 0.00057 m /min (0.02
cfm). All sampling runs were structured to provide a minimum sampling
time of 60 minutes and a minimum sample volume of 1,130 dry std. liters
(40 dscf). The actual sampling time per run was 84 minutes while sample
volumes ranged from 1,579 to 1,734 dry std. liters. Probe and oven
temperatures were held within 14°C (25°F) of 120°C (248°F) during testing
All pitobe assemblies (pitot tube and probe), dry gas and orifice
meters used in this test had been calibrated prior to leaving Denver and
were recalibrated upon return [Appendix B]. The pitot tube used for the
testing was that identified as 8-1. A pitot tube coefficient (Cp) was
calculated from multipoint calibration values obtained within the range
of gas velocities encountered at Stations 0801 and 0802, 27 to 36 m (90
to 120 ft)/sec.
PARTICULATE SAMPLES
Two NEIC mobile laboratories, on plant property during the tests,
were used for all sampling train preparation and sample recovery.
Sample recovery for the Method 5 tests proceeded as follows:
1. The filter was removed and placed in its storage container
(Petri dish) and sealed with aluminum foil.
2. The nozzle, probe, cyclone and front portion of the glass
filter holder were washed with acetone and the washings from
each train were collected in a glass jar with a Teflon-lined
cap and the liquid level marked.
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14
3. The volume of the contents of impingers 1 through 3 were
measured as part of the moisture determination. The
contents were then discarded.
4. Impinger 4, which contained silica gel, was weighed to
determine the moisture gain and the silica gel was discarded,
S03-H2S04 SAMPLES
Run 4 at Station 0801 used the Method 5 sampling train with
a modified impinger system:
First impinger - Greenburg-Smith with 100 ml of 80% Isopropanol
solution.
Second impinger - modified Greenburg-Smith with 100 ml of 6%
hydrogen peroxide solution.
Third impinger - Greenburg-Smith with 100 ml of 6% hydrogen
peroxide solution.
Fourth impinger - modified Rreenburg-Smith with approximately
200 g of silica gel.
The isopropanol in the first impinger absorbed any SO-^-H^SO^
present in the gas stream while the hydrogen peroxide in the second and
third impingers absorbed and reacted with the S0?. This sampling train
arrangement allowed the collection of SOo-I^SO, and SO,? data, as well as
the measurement of particulate emissions.
Sample recovery for Run 4 was according to the procedure listed
below:
1. The filter was removed and placed in its storage container
(Petri dish) and sealed with aluminum foil.
2. The nozzle, probe, cyclone and front portion of the glass
filter holder were washed with acetone and the washings col-
lected in a glass jar with a Teflon-lined cap and the liquid
level marked.
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15
3. The contents of the first impinger were transferred to a
250 ml graduated cylinder. The impinger and all connecting
glassware between the filter and the impinger were then
washed with 80% isopropanol, the washings combined with the
impinger contents, and 80% isopropanol added to bring the
volume to 250 ml. This sample was then transferred to a poly-
ethylene container and the liquid level marked.
4. Contents of impingers 2 and 3 were transferred to a 1,000 ml
polyethylene sample container. The impingers and all connect-
ing glassware between the first impinger and the silica gel im-
pinger were washed with deionized distilled water and this
wash water added to the sample container. Deionized distilled
water was then added to bring the volume to 1,000 ml. The
liquid level in the container was then marked and the container
sealed.
Sampling Run 4 at Station 0802 used a Method 8 sampling train:
Stainless steel (316) nozzle
Glass-lined probe
First impinger - Greenburg-Smith with 100 ml of 80% isopro-
panol solution
Glass fiber filter (5.1 cm diameter)
Second impinger - modified Greenburg-Smith with 100 ml of 6%
hydrogen peroxide solution
Third impinger - Greenburg-Smith with 100 ml of 6% hydrogen
peroxide solution
Fourth impinger - modified Greenburg-Smith with approximately
200 grams of silica gel.
Sample recovery was according to the procedure listed below:
1. The contents of the first impinger were measured and then
transferred to a polyethylene container.
2. The nozzle, probe, first impinger and all connecting glassware
between the probe and the filter were washed with 80% isopro-
panol and added to storage container which held the contents
of the first impinger.
3. The 5.1 cm filter was removed from the holder and added to
the polyethylene container used for the contents of impinger 1,
The container was then sealed and the liquid level marked.
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16
4. The contents of impingers 2 and 3 were transferred to a 1,000
ml polyethylene sample container. The impingers and all
connecting glassware between the first impinger and the silica
gel impinger were washed with deionized distilled water and
this wash water added to the sample container. Deionized
distilled water was then added to bring the volume to 1,000
ml. The liquid level in the container was then marked and the
container sealed.
It was necessary to assume that the moisture content of the exhaust
gas stream during Run 4 was the same as that measured during Run 3.
Since isopropanol is lost during testing, an accurate measurement of the
water collected is not possible.
SAMPLE ANALYSIS
All samples were returned to the NEIC laboratories for particulate
and sulfate analyses which were performed according to the procedures
described in Methods 5 and 8 [Appendix C]. The filter and acetone wash
sample for Run 4 at Station 0801 were analyzed for particulates, while
the impinger contents were analyzed for sulfate. Sample chain-of-
custody was maintained at all times [Appendix D], and sample blanks
were obtained for the acetone, isopropanol and hydrogen peroxide used
during the testing.
Two 10-minute sets of visible emission readings were obtained
during each sampling run for the unit being tested. Visible emission
readings were conducted according to the procedures specified in Method 9
SAMPLING LOCATIONS
The sampling locations for Units 1 and 2 are identical in design.
* Three sets of visible emission data were collected during Runs 1 and
2 at Station 0802 and four sets during Run 3 at Station 0801.
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17
Treated gases exit the ESP and enter a 251 m (825 ft) stack, which con-
sists of an outer concrete wall with an inner steel liner [Figure 2],
Flue gases are contained in the inner liner which is 5.5 m (18 ft) in
diameter over most of its 227 m (743 ft) length; it flares to 7.9 m (26
ft) at the bottom and to 6.7 m (22 ft) at the exit. The concrete stack
is tapered from 17.9 m (59.0 ft) at its base to 7.2 m (23.7 ft) at the
exit.
There is a sampling platform on each stack about 74 m (244 ft)
above the ground. Four 7.6 cm (3 in) ports are installed on the steel
liner, slightly above the sampling platform. Method I1 required the use
of 28 sampling points. Sampling time was 3 minutes per point, for a
total of 84 minutes.
PROCESS OBSERVATION
During sampling, NEIC personnel recorded the following process in-
formation [Appendix E] at about 60-minute intervals:
*
Coal feed rate Steam temperature
Feed water flow rate Steam pressure
Feed water temperature Excess oxygen (at air heater outlet)
Feed water pressure Instantaneous gross power generation
This information was collected from the control panels in the steam
generator control room. Each Unit is equipped with its own control
room. In addition to the data collected by NEIC, copies of selected
recorder charts were also obtained for each day of testing.
Coal feed rates were determined from integrating counters installed
on each pulverizer. The display for these counters (Units 1 and 2)
is located in the control room for Unit 1.
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7.2m(23.7 M.) I.O.
Cut-Awoy of Out»r Wall
STEEL STACK LINER
CONCRETE STACK-
HANGER RODS
17 .Bm(5S.O tl.) I.D
SIDE VIEW
Outer Woll of Concrote Slock
.23m(.7S It.) ThicV
\
STSEL STACK
LINER
ACCESS PLATFORM
DUCTING FROM ESP
SAMPLING PLATFORM
PORTS
7 6cm(3 In.)
DUCTING FROM ESP
INSIDE WALL OF
CONCRETE STACK
ACCESS LADDER
TOP VIEW
Figure 2. Sfack D»faUi for Unilt J and 2 (Sfoffonj 080! and 0802J Cardinal Station
Ohio Power Comp any, Bri//ion t, Ohio
CO
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Table 2
SUffltAR? OF STACK TEST DATA
UNIT 1 (STATION 0801)
CARDINAL STATION, OHIO POl-fER COMPA.M
Brilliant, Ohio
Parameter
Volume Metered (STPT, Dry)
liters
cubic feet
ft3
Average Stack Temperature
°K
°R
Stack Pressure
mm Hg
inches Hg
Molecular Weight (Dry)
% Moisture
Stacks Gas Velocity
m/sec
ft/sec
Stack Gas Flow Rate (STP, Dry)
103 m3/hr
106 ft3/hr
% Isokinetic
Particulate collected (gm)
acetone wash
filter
Total
Run 1
1,620
57.20
445
801
744.0
29.29
30.41
9.1
33.4
110
1,670
58.9
103
3.1766
0.4749
3.6515
Run 2
1,579
55.78
437
791
744.0
29.29
30.05
9.6
32.7
107
1,640
58.0
102
2.2270
0.4200
2.6470
Run 3
1,630
57.57
446
804
742.7
29.24
30.13
10.0
35.0
115
1,720
60.2
101
3.0600
0.5152
3.5752
Run 4
1,580
55.81
449
809
744.7
29.32
30.12
io.oft
33.8
111
1,656
58.4
102
1 .8920
0.4329
2.3249
t STP = Standard temperature 20°C (68°F) and pressure 760 mm Hg
(29.92 in Hg).
tt % Moisture assumed to be equal to that measured by Run 3.
-------
Table 3
SUM4ARX OF STACK TEST DATA
UNIT 2 (STATION 0802)
CARDINAL STATION, OHIO POl-fER COMPANY
Brilliant., Ohio
Parameter
Volume Metered (STP1", Dry)
1 iters
ft3
Average Stack Temperature
°K
°R
Stack Pressure
mm Hg
inches Hg
Molecular Weight (Dry)
% Moisture
Stack Gas Velocity
m/sec
ft/sec
Stack Gas Flow Rate (STP, Dry)
103 m3/hr
106 ft3/hr
% Isokinetic
Particulate Collected (gm)
acetone wash
filter
Total
Run 1
1 ,70?
60.09
447
806
742.4
29.23
30.39
4.9
35.8
118
1 ,860
65.6
97.4
2.1369
0.5975
2.7344
Run 2
1,723
60.84
445
801
744.2
29.30
30.52
7.2
35.1
115
1,790
63.1
102
2.8164
0.4818
3.2982
Run 3
1,734
61.25
437
787
743.4
29.27
30.24
10.6
34.8
114
1,740
61.4
106
3.4091
0.6042
4.0133
Run 4
1,716
60.61
443
799
741 .9
29.21
30.30
10.6tf
36.1
118
1,770
62.6
103
-
-
t STP = Standard temperature 20°C (68°D and pressure 760 nm Hg (29.92 in Hg)
tt % moisture assumed equal to be equal to that measured during Run 3.
ttt Two filters uere used during Run 2.
-------
21
Table 4
RESULTS OF STACK TESTS
CARDINAL STATION., OHIO POffER COMPANY
Brilliant, Ohio
Participate
Stack
Location
Unit 1
Unit 1
Unit 1
Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 2
Unit 2
Station
No.
0801
0801
0801
0801
0802
0802
0802
Run
No.
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
May
1977
20
20
21
21
16
17
18
Emission Rate
kg/hr
3,830
2,790
3,790
2,460
2,950
3,470
4,150
Ib/hr
8,430
6,140
8,350
5,410
6,500
7,640
9,140
Loading
. 3
gm/m
1.322
0.989
1.266
0.846
0.978
1.146
1.357
gr/ft3
0.576
0.431
0.552
0.369
0.427
0.500
0.592
t Actual stack conditions
Table 5
AVERAGE HEAT INPUT RATES TO UNITS 1 AND
CARDINAL STATION, OHIO POWER COMPANY
Brilliant, Ohio
Sampling
Location
(Unit)
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
Run
No.
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
Date
May
1977
20
20
21
21
16
17
18
18
Avg.
Rate
Coal
to
m.tons/
hr
166.
154.
163.
157.
195.
179.
172.
196.
2
1
5
0
4
3
6
4
Feed
Unit
tons/
hr
183.2
169.9
180.3
173.1
215.4
197.7
190.3
216.6
Avg. Heat Content
of
kcal/
kg
6,733
6,733
6,283
6,283
6,161
6,556
6,320
6,320
Coal
Btu/
Ib
12,130
12,130
11,319
11,319
11,099
11,812
11,387
11,387
Avg
. Heat
Rate to
106
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
kcal/
hr
120
039
029
988
205
177
092
243
4
4
4
3
4
4
4
4
Input
Unit
106Btu/
hr
,444
,122
,082
,919
,781
,670
,334 •
,933
t As-fired basis
-------
V. EMISSION TESTING RESULTS
During testing, the Ohio Power Company was requested to operate the
^t
steam generators at or above 540 MW-gross (95% capacity ). At Station
0802 (Unit 2), tests were conducted at average gross generating rates of
520 to 555 MW; however, the tests at Station 0801 were performed at
average rates of 450 to 470 MW due to a steam leak. Stack test data
[Appendix F] for the two steam generators are summarized in Tables 2
and 3.
A fourth sampling run at each Station collected SO^-H^SO, and S02
emissions data. As previously mentioned, Run 4 at Station 0802 used a
Method 8 train while Run 4 at Station 0801 used a Method 5 train with a
modified impinger section.
The modified Method 5 test procedure (Run 4) was used at Station
0801 to obtain additional particulate emission data to determine if ESP
repairs completed during Run 3 had reduced emissions. The use of isopropanol
and hydrogen peroxide solutions in impingers 1 through 3 allowed SO^-^SQ,
and SOp emissions to be measured; however, SO^-H-SO, results are low,
due to condensation of H?SO. on the probe walls and the filter. The
filter and probe washings were analyzed only for particulate.
Particulate emission rates and particulate loadings, presented in
Table 4, were calculated from the data in Tables 2 and 3. Particulate
3 **
loadings (gm/m ) have been included as an indication of ESP control
efficiency. In the case of Run 4 at Station 0801, particulate emission
data is presented for information purposes but was not used to calculate
an average emission rate for determination of compliance status.
* Based on operating rate of 570 MW
** Actual stack condi-tions
-------
23
The average heat input to the steam generators [Table 5] was cal-
culated for each test period using company-supplied coal analyses [Table
1] and measured coal feed rates [Appendix E]. Using emission rates from
Table 4, and the average heat input rates listed in Table 5, the follow-
*
ing particulate emission rates were calculated:
Station
No.
0801
0801
0801
0802
0802
0802
Stack
Location
Unit 1
Unit 1
Unit 1
Average
Unit 2
Unit 2
Unit 2
Average
Run No.
1
2
3
i
2
3
Emissi
kg/106
kcal
3.42
2.68
3.68
3.26
2.45
2.95
3.80
3.07
on Rate
lb/106
Btu
1.90
1.49
2.04
1.81
1.36
1.64
2.11
1.70
The average emission rates for Units 1 and 2, 3.26 kg/10 kcal
(1.81 lb/106 Btu) and 3.07 kg/106 kcal (1.70 lb/106 Btu), respectively,
are greater than 17 times the allowable emission rate of 0.18 kg/10
kcal (0.10 lb/10 Btu). Units 1 and 2 are therefore not in compliance
with Ohio's Air Pollution Regulation AP-3-11.
A total of 20 sets of opacity data were obtained for the Cardinal
Station, 10 sets for each unit [Table 6 and Appendix F]. A set con-
sisted of 40 individual observations collected at 15-second intervals
during a 10-minute period concurrent with a sampling run. In every
case, the average opacity for the 10-minute period was in excess of that
allowed by Ohio Regulation AP-3-07, 20% with a 3 min/hr exemption to 60%.
As previously mentioned3 particulate emission data for Run 4 at
Station 0801 has been presented for information, not used for
determinating compliance status.
-------
24
Table 6
AVERAGE OPACITY DATA FOP UNITS 1 AND 2
CARDINAL STATION., OHIO POl-tER COf-fPANY
Ohio
Date
May
1977
20
20
20
20
21
21
21
21
21
21
16
16
16
17
17
17
18
18
18
18
Station
No.
0801
0801
0801
0801
0801
0801
0801
0801
0801
0801
0802
0802
0802
0802
0802
0802
0802
0802
0802
0802
Run
No.
1
1
2
2
3
3
3
3
4
4
1
1
1
2
2
2
3
3
4
4
Set
No.
1
2
1
2
1
2
3
4
1
2
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
1
2
Average,
Opacity1"
%
66
78
56
52
78
82
75
79
56
57
83
80
76
86
82
83
57
76
73
79
t 10-minuts average
-------
25
Emissions of S03-H2S04 and S02 measured at Stations 0801 and 0802
are listed below. The S0? values appear to be in agreement with calcula-
tions based on average coal feed rate and average sulfur content. As
previously mentioned, the SO., results for Station 0801 are low because
of the sampling procedure used.
Parameter
Concentration
ppm
S0? Emission Rate
kg/hr
Ib/hr
SO- Concentration
ppm
Station 0801 Station 0802
(Run 4) (Run 4}
SO^-H?SO. Emission Rate
kg/hr
Ib/hr
17.9
39.5
57.4
126.0
2.40
7,630
16»800
1,560
7.10
6,270
13,800
1,190
t Stack conditions
-------
VI. ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR EVALUATION
ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR DESIGN
During stack testing at Units 1 and 2, the operating parameters of
the electrostatic precipitators (ESP) were monitored and design data
were collected to evaluate the operation of the ESP's.
The ESP's for Units 1 and 2 are identical plate-type Joy-Western
precipitators installed in 1967. General design parameters were provided
by the Ohio Power Company and are presented in Table 7.
The approximate dimensions of the active collection area for the
ESP's are shown in Figure 3. Each ESP has three electrical fields
(labeled A, B, C). Each field has two transformer-rectifier (T-P.) sets,
each of which is composed of two electrical sections (labeled Set 1A-2A,
Set 3A-4A; 1B-2B, 3B-4B; etc.). The six T-R sets, which provide power
for each ESP, are energized and controlled from control panels in the
ESP control room.
A target baffle and a perforated plate with 40% openings are located
at the inlet of the ESP for proper gas distribution. The flyash which
is collected in the ESP hoppers is pneumatically conveyed to the slurry
room, where it is mixed with furnace bottom ash and slurried. The
slurried ash is then pumped to flyash ponds west of the plant. Treated
flue gases are ducted from each ESP to identical 251 m (825 ft) stacks.
The operation and control of the ESP's are monitored from primary
current and voltage meters in the ESP control room. No metering is
provided to monitor secondary current, secondary voltage, or spark rate.
To determine secondary current, Ohio Power provided a voltmeter and
-------
27
Electrical Fields
Figure 3. Approximate Dimensions of The Electrostatic Precipitator Active Area
Cardinal Station, Ohio Power Company
Brilliant, Ohio
-------
28
Table 7
DESIGN PARAMETERS FOR ELECTROSTATIC PPECIPITATORS UNITS 1
CARDINAL STATION^ OHIO POWER COMPANY
Brill-iant, Ohio
p *>
& 6
Design
Category
Parameter
Units
Physical
Electrical
Performance
Collection electrode area
Total area
Set area
Collection electrode spacing
Collection electrode dimensions
No. of gas passages/section
Aspect ratio (L/H)
Corona electrode diameter
(round wire)
Type of rappers
No. of collection electrode
rappers
No. of discharge electrode
rappers
No. of flow distribution
device rappers
Electrical energizing sets
Transformer rating
Rectifier circuit
No. of fields/length
No. of HT sections/field
Temperature
Inlet loading
Volume flow rate
Specific collection electrode
area (A/V)
Efficiency
15,645 m2
(168,400 ft2)
2,610 m2
(28,080 ft2)
25.4 cm
(10 in)
1.8 x 9.1 m
(6 x 30 ft)
39
0.6
2.7 mm
(0.1055 in)
Eriez vibrator type
72
36
12
6
45 kV, 900 mA (2 sets)
45 kV, 1,000 mA (4 sets)
Full-wave
3
4
157°C
(315°F)
6.0 to 13.7 gm/m3
(2.6 to 6.0 gr/ft3)
737 m3/sec
(1.56 x 106 ft3/min)
21 ni2/m3/sec
(108 ft2/103 ftVmin)
95%
-------
29
necessary connections to monitor the current in each T-R set. Series
resistors, previously installed by Joy-Western, were replaced with
resistors of measured ohm rating by Ohio Pov/er personnel. The circuit
used to measure the secondary current is shown in Figure 4, along with
the actual resistor ratings provided by Ohio Power.
INSPECTION PROCEDURES AND FINDINGS
The operating values for the primary current and voltage and the
secondary current were monitored a minimum of once per hour during each
stack test run. The operating data collected for the ESP's are summarized
in Tables 8 and 9. Although the ESP's were equipped with automatic
controls, the voltage controls were set on manual. Plant personnel said
the automatic controls caused frequent trip-outs. Apparently, the
voltage controls were slow responding to excessive sparking, which
caused corona wires to burn out, thus shutting down entire sections of
the ESP. Because of this problem, the voltages are set manually below
the level where sparking occurs, a practice which precludes the precipitator
from operating at maximum power input levels and optimum spark rate.
The electrical operating data indicates that the Unit 1 ESP was
operating at higher power inputs than the Unit 2 ESP. One possible
explanation is that Unit 1 had been down and the ESP plates and hoppers
were cleaned prior to the stack tests. Although both ESP's were operating
at acceptable power input levels, one notable exception was the low
power input level for electrical sections 1B-2B of the Unit 2 ESP. A
probable cause of this reduced power input was noticed while taking the
secondary current measurements. A popping noise indicative of electrical
tracking (electrical leakage across the insulation surfaces) was heard
in the insulator compartment of section IB, where the probable cause
-------
30
To Electrostatic Precipitator
Control
K>
Si 1 icon
Rectifier
Shortinq
Link
Suroe
Arrester
R*
Secondary Current =
T-R Set
1A-2A
1B-2B
1C-2C
3A-4A
3B-4B
3C-4C
Unit 1
Resistor Ratings
25.15
25.00
24.89
24.25
24.75
24.74
Units were equipped with
5"0fl adjustabl e resistors;
Ohio Power installed new
resistors for this test.
Unit 2
Resistor Ratings (n )
10.26
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.1?
Figure 4. Circuit Used to Measure ESP Secondary Current
Cardinal Station, Ohio Power Company
Brilliant, Ohio
-------
31
Table 8
SUM-1ARY OF ESP DATA - UNIT 1
CARDINAL STATION, OHIO POWER COMPAN?
Brilliant, Ohio
Run
No.
1
2
3
4
T-R Primary
Set Voltage
(V)
!A-2Aft
1B-2B
1C-2C
3A-4A
3B-4B
3C-4C
lA-2Aft
1B-2B
1C-2C
3A-4A
3B-4B
3C-4C
lA-2Aft
1B-2B
1C-2C
3A-4A
3B-4B.
3C-4C11T
lA-2Atf
1B-2B
1C-2C
3A-4A
3B-4B...
3C-4C1TT
340
373
315
353
310
OFF
347
380
320
355
315
OFF
334
378
320
321
310
370
349
380
322
338
320
375
Primary1"
Current
(A)
121
111
no
107
116
-
117
110
113
107
115
-
115
110
112
88
116
136
108
109
112
88
115
134
Power
(kVA)
41.1
41.4
34.7
37.8
36.0
-
40.6
41.8
36.2
38.0
36.2
-
38.4
41.6
35.8
28.2
36.0
50.3
37.7
41.4
36.1
29.7
36.8
50.3
Secondary Current
Current Density
(mA)
746
589
604
642
609
-
740
582
599
637
602
-
785
578
598
488
610
759
634
572
592
479
603
741
(yA/ft2)(mA/m2)
26.6
21.0
21.5
22.9
21.7
-
26.5
20.7
21.3
22.7
21.4
28.0
20.6
21.3
17.4
21.7
27.0
22.6
20.4
21.1
17.1
21.5
26.4
0.286
0.226
0.231
0.246
0.233
-
0.284
0.223
0.230
0.244
0.231
0.300
0.221
0.229
0.187
0.234
0.291
0.243
0.219
0.227
0.183
0.231
0.284
t Average of meter readings taken dicing each run. See Appendix E
for data sheets.
it Meters were deflecting: voltage range 290 to 390; current range
106 to 126.
tit Electrical section 4C not in service.
-------
32
Table 9
SUMMARY OF ESP DATA - UNIT 2
CARDINAL STATION, OHIO "POWER COMPANY
Brilliant, Ohio
Run
No.
1
2
3
4
T-R Primary
Set Voltage
(V)
1A-2A,.,
1B-2B1"'
1C-2C
3A-4A
3B-4B
3C-4C
1A-2A..
lB-2BTt
1C-2C
3A-4A
3B-4B
3C-4C
1A-2A..
1B-2B1"1"
1C-2C
3A-4A
3B-4B
3C-4C
1A-2A,,
!B-2Btt
1C-2C
3A-4A
3B-4B
3C-4C
OFF
340
330
320
345
295
OFF
340
330
325
345
290
OFF
317
320
310
327
282
OFF
320
316
286
327
288
Primary7
Current
(A)
_
57
105
87
109
106
„_
56
102
86
106
103
_
56
104
86
106
104
„
56
103
86
106
103
Power
(kVA)
_
19.4
34.7
27.8
37.6
31.3
_
19.0
33.7
28.0
36.6
29.9
^
17.8
33.3
26.7
34.7
29.3
_
17.9
32.5
24.6
34.7
29.7
a.
Secondary'
Current
Current
Density
(mA) (nA/ft2
_
248
610
391
548
518
^.
240
592
384
533
506
f
240
597
386
537
509
^_
No data
Instrument
Malfunction
_
8.8
21.7
13.9
19.5
18.4
_
8.5
21.1
13.7
19.0
18.0
8.5
21.3
13.7
19.1
18.1
_
-
){mA/m2)
_
0.095
0.234
0.150
0.210
0.198
_
0.092
0.227
0.147
0.204
0.194
0.092
0.229
0.147
0.206
0.195
_
-
t Average of meter readings taken during each run. See Appendix E
for data sheets.
tt Tracking was heard in insulator compartment for electrical section
IB.
-------
33
was deposits collecting on the insulator surfaces. This would result in
loss of input power and could lead to insulator damage and breakdown.
Under normal conditions, the inlet sections (A electrical sections)
are operated at lov/er current densities due to a space charge effect.
For Unit 2, this appears to be the case; however, for Unit 1 the inlet
sections have the highest current densities. From this observation, it
seems that the outlet sections could be operated at even higher levels.
However, as mentioned above, because the ESP was on manual control it
could not be operated at maximum power input levels or optimum spark
rate.
A brief visual inspection of the Unit 1 ESP was made while the unit
was down on May 18, 1977. The following observations were made in the
top of electrical section 4B and inside of the hopper servicing electrical
sections 3B-4B.
1. Some of the discharge electrodes had a buildup of particulates
(0.6 cm) that extended half the length of the wire. About 10% of the
wires had this type of buildup and it appeared that some of the discharge
elctrode rappers were not operating properly. Buildup of ash on the
electrodes could reduce efficiency by lowering the power input levels
below design. If the buildup is too severe, excessive sparking and/or
arcing could occur, causing the electrode to erode and eventually
break. This is especially true when the controls are set on manual, and
voltage input levels are not automatically reduced or controlled.
2. The discharge electrodes were observed to be straight, hung
evenly, and were well centered in the gas passages.
3. The collecting plates were straight with no signs of warpage
and were properly spaced. There were no signs of corrosion on the
plates. It appeared that the collector rappers were functioning properly
-------
34
because there was no significant dust buildup on the collector plates.
A spacing bar was added to the collector plates by Ohio Power to prevent
swinging and warpage of the plates and to maintain proper spacing between
the plates. Ohio Power apparently had previously experienced problems
with warpage of the bottom part of the collector plate, causing periodic
outages.
4. The hoppers were cleaned prior to the visual inspection and no
determination could be made on dust buildup in the hoppers. There did
not appear to be corrosion in the sections 3B-4B hopper. From this
observation, the hoppers seemed to remain warm enough to prevent condensa-
tion of acid mist in the hopper, and there was no moisture leakage into
the hopper.
5. The insulator compartments were not inspected. However, the
evidence of electrical tracking inside the compartment of section IB
suggests that compartment IB was dirty and needed to be cleaned.
The ESP inspection indicated that Ohio Power does not conduct
routine inspections of the precipitators to check for dust accumulation
in the insulator compartments, leaks in T-R sets, rapper operation, etc.
The manual control settings were not adjusted during the entire period
of the stack tests. The units were only adjusted when there was an
electrical problem with the ESP's. The ash handling system is monitored
in the control room and any plugged lines can be detected. There were a
few instances during the stack tests when the discharge lines from the
ESP hoppers had to be cleaned. Ohio Power representatives indicated
that only during a boiler outage would broken or malfunctioning corona
wires be replaced or other maintenance activities take place; until
then, the section with broken or malfunctioning corona wires is isolated
and shut down.
-------
35
Ohio Power performs these cleaning and maintenance practices during
scheduled and forced outages: clean and inspect corona electrodes and
replace broken ones; align corona electrodes and corona plates; clean
insulators; inspect vibrators and air heaters.
An extensive cleaning program is initiated only when there are
severe electrical problems, plugged hoppers, or particulate buildup in
the precipitators.
COMPARISON OF DESIGN VS ACTUAL CONDITIONS
The design parameters for the ESP's were compared to actual operat-
ing data [Table 10]. The estimated efficiences of the ESP's were based
on the assumption that 90% of the ash in the coal was carried over to
the ESP's. The average efficiencies were used to calculate an estimated
*
precipitation rate parameter from the Deutsch equation.
Although the precipitation rate parameter is calculated to be less
than design, it is in the typical range of other power plant installa-
tions. The specific collection electrode area (SCA) and the aspect
ratio is typical of older ESP's designed for 90 to 95% efficiency. The
specific collection electrode area is defined as the collection electrode
surface area divided by the gas flow rate. For design purposes the SCA
2
is usually expressed in ft /I,000 acfm. The SCA is directly related to
the efficiency of the precipitator as previously shown in the Deutsch
equation.
The aspect ratio (L/H) is defined as the ratio of the length of the
gas passages to the height of the gas passages; the aspect ratio is
important in the consideration of rapping losses. As the re-entrained
* Deutsch equation is n = 1-e where n -is the efficiency, w
is the migration velocity, A is the collecting electrode surface
area, and V is the gas flow rate. The precipitation rate parameter
is considered equivalent to the performance migration velocity for
actual operating data.
-------
36
Table 10
DESIGN AND ACTUAL PERFORMANCE
PARAMETERS FOR UNITS 1 AND 2 ELECTROSTATIC PRECTPITATORS
CARDINAL STATION, OHIO PO!-/EH COMPANY
Brilliant3 Ohio
Parameter
Design
NEIC Results
Unit 1 Unit 2
Temperature
°C
°F
157
315
171
340
172
342
Inlet Participate
Concentration1
gm/m
gr/ft3
Outlet Participate
Concentration''
gm/m
gr/ft3
Efficiency* %
Volume Flow Rate
(Actual)
m /sec
ft3 x 106/min
Specific Collection
Electrode Area (A/V)
2 3
m /m /sec
ft2/103 ft3/min
Precipitation Rate
Parameter
cm/sec
ft/mi n
Aspect Ration (L/H)
No. of Bus Sections/
100,000 CFM
6.0-13.7
2.6-6.0
0.23
0.1
95
737
1.56
21
108
14.1
27.7
0.6
0.77
6.9
3.0
1.1
0.48
84
798
1.69
19
83***
8.2
3.6
1.17
0.51
86
840
1.78
18
9.6
18.9
0.6
10.7
21.1
0.6
0.59** 0.56
tt
**
***
Average inlet concentration assuming 90% fly ash and 10%
bottom ash.
Average of 4 runs for Unit 1 and 3 runs for Unit 2.
Average efficiency based on claculated inlet concentrations
assuming 90% ash and 10% bottom ash.
Run 4 Das made with 11 electrical sections in service.
One T-R set was out of service.
-------
37
dust is carried forward by the flow of the gas, sufficient gas passage
length must be provided to prevent the dust from being carried out of
the ESP before the dust reaches the hoppers. If the aspect ratio is too
small, dust losses from re-entrainment will increase. Higher performance
ESP's (99+%) are now being designed with SCA's of up to 117 m2/m3/sec
233
(800 ft 710 ft /min) and aspect ratios greater than 1. The number of
electrical sections per 100,000 acfm ranges from 0.4 to 4.0 for a typical
utility boiler installation, with higher efficiency ESP's having the
larger number of sections per 100,000 acfm. Reviewing the design param-
eters, it appears that they are within allowable limits for the designed
efficiency.
Two parameters listed in Table 10 that could have lowered the ESP
efficiences at the time of the tests are the flow rate and number of
electrical sections in service. The volumetric flow rate was higher
than design by about 8% for Unit 1 and 14% for Unit 2. The higher than
design flow rate reduces treatment time and could cause increased turbulence
in the ESP gas passages, resulting in higher re-entrainment losses
and/or flow imbalances. Each unit had two electrical sections out of
service (10 sections operating) for all the stack test runs, except Run
4 on Unit 1 when 11 electrical sections were in service. This additional
electrical section improved the estimated efficiency over previous runs
from 6 to 9%.
For the ESP's at the Cardinal Station to meet the allowable emission
rate of 0.1 lb/10 Btu heat input, the ESP's must be operated at greater
than 99% efficiency. Upgrading the existing ESP's to their design
capability would not be sufficient to comply with the allowable emission
rate.
-------
38
REFERENCES
1. Code of Federal Regulations (Federal Register), Part 40, Title 60.
Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources, Appendix A,
Methods 1, 3, 5, 8, 9.
2. Compilation of Air Pollution Emissions Factors, Second Edition
(Third Printing with Supplements 1-5), Office of Air Quality
Planning and Standards, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Feb.
1976 (AP-42), p. 1.1-3.
-------
APPENDICES
A Coal Analysis Procedures and Results
B Sampling Train Description and Calibration Data
C Particulate and Sulfate Analysis Procedures and Results
D Chain-of-Custody
E Process and Control Equipment Operating Data
F Raw Data Sheets and Calculations
-------
APPENDIX A
COAL ANALYSIS PROCEDURES AND RESULTS
-------
Coal Analysis Procedures
Test procedures used by Ohio Power for the analysis of and samples
are listed below:
Sulfur - THQ Titration Method
Btu - Adiabatic Colorimeter
Moisture - Air Dried Weight Loss Method using Langley oven
Ash - Weight comparison of incinerated sample to original
weight of sample.
-------
TO:
COAL ANALYSIS REPQR
From
~?~ /7 To
Sample Lot
(Dote, Cor or
Barge Nos., Etc.)
Weight
(Tons)
AS RECEIVED BASIS
Moi * tu re
Ash
S u I onu r
DRY BASIS
Ash
Sulphur
Bt
n*/
/3
If
•s-z.4 \-*>~r
Weighted Average
Checked By
-------
COAL ANALYSIS KCPOR
c_^ ///?/> /.
+^^
tSsirT-- f
Fro
t
. Cor of
Noi., EJC.)
Kc.'glif
(TorxO
Jl
AS Rrrctvrr> OASIS
Diu
DRY BASIS
Ail,
y
3.9;
-------
C.T • I REV. */88
TO:
COAL ANALYSIS REPfiR
.y.
Somplc Lot
(Do te. Cor or
Borgo Nos., Etc.)
We igh t
{Tons)
AS RECEIVED BASIS
i s ?u re
Ash
5 j ' " S u r
Btu
DRY BASIS
Aih
Su Iph
Bto
S -30
3-13
WO
in 3 3
- 3 3-
-o /
1^
L/'
cightcd Avcrogc
Checked By
-------
COAL ANALYSIS REPORT
From
To .
So "i pic Lot
(Dofc. Cor or
Borgc tlo-f., etc. 5
(Tons)
AS RECEIVED r^SIS
Solr-v
Btu
DRY BASIS
Btu
^.03
/////
n
JJL
//
30
/.£>?
\J.3t J/171
-------
APPENDIX B
SAMPLING TRAIN DESCRIPTION AND CALIBRATION DATA
-------
STACK SAMPLING EQUIPMENT
The Scientific Glass Model AP-5000 modular STAC-0-LATUR sampling
train consists of a control unit, a sampling unit and a vacuum unit. The
units are connected together with quick disconnect electrical and air
lines and umbilical cords.
The AP-5000 control unit contains the following:
1. Dual-inclined manometer (range 0-5" hLO) for indicating the
pitot tube velocity pressure and the orifice pressure drop.
2. Temperature control for the oven and probe.
3. A flow valve and a bypass valve for adjusting sampling rates.
4. Digital Temperature Indicator (DTI) which gives an instant
readout from six (6) points; stack, probe, oven, impinger
outlet, meter inlet, meter outlet by the use of a selector
switch.
5. Umbilical cords of (50 and 100 ft lengths) which interconnect
the control and sampling units.
6. Communications sets are wired through control unit, umbilical
cord to the sampling unit.*
The sampling unit is made up of three distinct sections: impinger
case, oven, and probe. All three sections can be converted to form one
sampling unit or can be separated for unusual sampling conditions.
Below are the individual component descriptions.
1. Probe Sheath - Made of 316 stainless steel. The nozzle end
is packed with asbestos string. The ball joint (sampling
unit) end has a woven teflon 0 Ring as packing material.
2. Probe liner - 5/8" O.D. medium wall glass (pyrex) or stainless
steel (316) tubing logarithmically wrapped with nicrome heating
element, having a resistance of 2 ohms/ft. The liner is
insulated with fiberglass and asbestos with a type K thermocouple
imbedded for sensing the probe temperature.
3. Filter Frit - Porous glass frit (coarse) banded to silicone
rubber.
Separate communication system used during this test program.
-------
4. Oven - Fiberglass insulated capable of maintaining 120°C
(248°F) in cold weather (0°C).
The vacuum unit (pump) is capable of drawing a high vacuum (50 cm
Hg) and a moderate volume (14 1pm) of air. The pump is rotary fiber
vane type which does not require lubrication, but oil bath filters are
used for pump protection.
-------
NEIC PROCEDURE FOR
CALIBRATION OF DRY GAS METER
AND ORFICE METER
Dry gas meters are used in source testing units to accurately
measure sample volumes drawn during testing. A critical .orfice is
also installed to provide a known sampling rate 30 that isokinetic
sampling can be maintained. These units will be calibrated before
and after each sampling trip.
Calibration is accomplished by making simultaneous total volume
measurements with a calibrated wet test meter and the dry gas meter.
The wet test meter must be previously calibrated from a primary standard,
Calibration is performed follows:
1. Level wet test meter and adjust the water level to the
proper point.
2. Level and zero the manometer on sampling control unit.
3. Leak check unit and air hoses at 15 inch Hg (leakage rate must
be zero). Assemble vacuum line to the wet test meter.
(Caution: NO NOT Leak Check System by Plugging the Inlet to
the Wet Test Meter, this will cause internal damage to the
meter.)
4. Warm up control unit by operating vacuum pump for 30 minutes
with wet test meter connected in series.
5. Close the course valve and open the fine adjust (by-pass) valve,
6. Turn or vacuum pump, open course adjust valve and turn the fine
adjust valve until manometer reads 0.5" tO (AH).
-------
-2-
7. Simultaneously record the dry gas meter reading, wet test
meter reading and time. Record temperature of wet test
meter, inlet and outlet temperature of dry gas meter and
atmospheric pressure during the test run.
8. Allow pump to run until the wet test meter indicates
exactly 5 cubic feet of air have passed through the system
(10 cubic feet when a AH of 2, 3 and 4 inches HO are used)
and record time.
9. Repeat steps 5-9 for AH of 1", 2" 3" and 4" HO.
10. Calibration record will be kept in a permanent file at NEIC.
Copies will be made for field use.
Calculations
Calculate the accuracy of the dry gas meter (y) as follows:
Vw Pb (td + 460)
Y ~ Vd (Pb + A_H (tw + 460)
13.6)
Where:
V = Volume of gas metered, wet test meter, ft.
w
3
V, = Volume of gas metered, dry gas meter, ft.
P, = Atmospheric pressure, inches Hg
b
t, = Dry gas meter temperature, F (t^ in -* t ^ out)
2
t = Wet test meter temperature, °F
vj
If y $ 1.00 (4-0.02) then gas meter will be taken to Public Service
Company of Colorado gas meter shop for adjustment and/or repair.
Orfice meter coefficient (AH@ = 0.317 AH
Pv(td+460)
b
(tw+460) 0
V
VT
-------
-3-
Where:
V - Volume of gas metered, wet test meter, ft
P^ = Atmospheric pressure
t, = Dry gas meter temperature, F
tw = Wet test meter temperature, °F
0 = Time elapsed, minutes
-------
Orifice Meter Calibration
Date
-/ 7
77
Box No.
/
"
Barometric pressure, P^" _ in. Hg Dry gas meter_No_. /
Orifice
Manometer
setting,
AH
in. H90
0.5
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
Gas volume
wet test
meter
V
ft3
5
5
10
10
10
Calculations
AH
0.5
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
AH
13.6
0.0368
0.0737
0.147
0.219
0.294
Gas volume
dry gas
meter
Vd>
ft3
tfjlf.
fjf
/O.-Lfr
/0.-L7
/O-7.7
Temperature
1,'et Test
Meter
°F
6?
6?-^
k?.P
6?.?
69 - ^
Dry qas meter
Inlet
^i'
°F
s>
?/
?g-
59
?•?--
Outlet! Averaae
^o-
°F
-n
7^
?a
py
^^T"
°F
'7f,5^
S3.C
>6 . r
«Py!. 5^
Time
0,
min
//. /c.
7-?f
//,9(,
9-L\
Y
fc
.??
• ?9
.^
?.0(--i/o
^veici-c:
Y
V Ph (t , + 460)
VH (PK+AM 1 UT + 460)
/-. ^"^-9^7 *H _ o O
v-T v -_J>vJ /• / — V^J v^/ ^/
"" _^ y J ™ . . - .. -l-jr
, d, ^fj -f?.*-/ — O O . -/
LiL.3o / . L'J^ ~ ' ' /
I i'} O-4M- U — OcT)
! / ''i **) t^/ *^ w* \? " * ^ /
,/^ros«=r3T^;.t:, /r"-5.^^(1^3 On
-/*"-^" / r3 r-i/ o7 c 6. ~~ • / /
/^7y<,'^,6/ — , _
/^^>7^";,v,/' " /-01
.TV
AHG
/- C,
1-7
(-7
Ak
j.-,--
/•7c
AH?
0.0317AH
Ph (trf-s- 460)
(t,., +
^
460)0
vw
,00^^7_>c/r?^//P6-AC7.
, oc>oc>(^'^-^ "<7o ^'h'c^'' c/i-i-?i
. o oor-o*-' A' ^.3 $ .^ >- 7 7Y.-? •> .-> \ _,
.- . oocx-j r>'? / < '\^ i' ' yo • r ? - /• G7 '.
. ;;•<:> r'Oo9/Tx /,?-^i//.:^ -i'V - /-'71
r V
Where:
Tw =
Volume,, wet test meter
Volume Dry gas meter
Temperature, Uet Test Meter
Temperature, Dry Gas Meter
Atmospheric Pressure, Inches Hg
Time, minutes
Calibration by
Checked by: ,.
Remarks:
4/24/77
-------
Orifice Meter Calibration
Date
7
Box Mo.
f
Barometric pressure, P^ in. Hg Dry gas meter No. /_
Orifice
Manometer
setting,
AH
in.- H90
0.5
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
Gas volume
v/et test
meter
V
ft3
5
5
10
10
10
Gas volume
dry gas
meter
ft3
5/0
^"o
/D-0
/O.o/
/O.ol
Temperature
Wet Test
Meter
°F
13
73
7-3
73.^
~?(-}
Dry qas meter
Inlet
t ,- ,
di
"F
$3
'cfo
/
Averaae
td'
°F
J3
S7
^ C'
>^'
?/
9cl
Time
0,
min
//./^
"1 Qs-,
ll 1$
?./.(,
^c/
Y
^
\^
\ -'
rv
> pvX
"velti^ |;C,A
Calculations Y
AH
0.5
1.0
2.0
3.0
~47o~
AH V,,, P
13.6 Vd IP
h (t. + 460)
K^Tlt,, + 460)
13.6 . N
0.0368 /j^-'Mr? <'.v^-t^o)
y ('';? i(.U~^- .c-3'^-3 Y'~''-* -<-<•! l-X "O
0.0737 5 <-v?'-° CS^+'-K.-M
~./'}'.(.t:~f T o^/X'ry -i ^-i!.~c"
0.147 5 /o*?<-'.<4-> ( yy^ <-'/-o^
0.21
| /o f';jc:./^f + . io^^^-v -('i..'!-c-^
9 | / c-> -v -> ( i L.' "? (v'-;7r-.'2-i:;V7^.^-vHL:.o~)
0.294 i /r, .< '"> ij • u 7 f v i j *• -> .-. o >
i fo.oifcif-^-t- '.J^'X-iij-! Vc'-o^
/•trt
/-(.-<
/-- -\ > T
-)'--. Lf~-/'o':M MGrcoL -->' ' -'
•0 or-,1^'^'. 0 V'7':--i '^-c:;7 - ;?-
::'M.u^,; C-Tj.^/^0^ .t:- j
o . c>3 O ~' V o I .< "7^- -i '* i.- •-.--•>
.-"V.^ '7('c;y^ -i <-!/,-.-') 1. __/o
^/"
ilJ. C -"V'">: K '^.c'-' ( ,'"'•;.? ••"•M.!;..;,;;^ '•''."'
•---- "v '• -i '
^; •c:;;:i"/>/ '- -<.^ \ '/ 'M-t «•((.•••'-'•) ;r-.c •/"/'••
Where:
= Volume, v;et test meter
= Volume Dry gas meter
= Temperature, Uet Test Meter
= Temperature, Dry Gas Meter
= Atmospheric Pressure, Inches Hg
= Time, minutes
Calibration by
Checked by
/ • fl
.)'/.u>> . ../> ,
Remarks:
4/24/77
-------
Orifice Meter Calibration
Date
Box No.
Barometric pressure, P^= in. Hg Dry gas meter_flo.
fit
Ori f i ce
Manometer
setting,
AH
in. H,0
0.5
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
Gas volume
wet test
meter
V
ft3
5
5
10
10
10
Calculations
AH
0.5
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
AH
13.6
0.0368
Gas volume
dry gas
meter
ft3
s:\
^//
/O.o-S
/o, r^3
/0.2 )
Temperature
Wet Test
Meter
V
°F
(*^
&
3^
Outl-et
°F
73
76
0.Z
?6
97
Avereqe
°F
75.5"
77
5#jT
??
/^. .^
Time
e,
min
///6
?.(
/7£>v IL," ' ' ^
__/^"/s'3-^-/ r- .y_/^
/
/
ri
= 6
/.4,7
/ 6,^
1
, ^7
' C^
AH?
0.0317AH
Ph UH+ 450)
<;
(t,., + 460)0
—" Vw _.
.OOOOD/^^/^S//^^-/.^
• o c>f -x^-o £-3>C7.'2-''3 3 5"o , '; ^' ^-/. to
. o( :or>o H 7 >c
-------
Orifice Meter Calibration
Date fr/7/77
Box No.
.
Barometric pressure, Ph= in. Hg Dry gas meter No.
Orifice
Manometer
setting,
AH
in. H,0
0.5
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
Gas volume
wet test
meter
V
ft3
5
5
10
10
10
Gas volume
dry gas
meter
Vd>
ft3
jT/
^To?
/c.n
/0-2-
/OJ^
Temoerature
Wet Test
Meter
V
°F
73-
73
73
74
77
Dry qas meter
Inlet
*<«•
°F
7V
•?(-
77
?^/
^
Outlet
°F
73
13
7^
7,?
ffo
Averaae
°F
73.^
W r
76 . ^
?(
,
-------
NEIC Procedure for Pitot Tube Calibration
Introduction
The Type-S pi tot tube is used by NEIC to measure stack gas
velocity during source sampling. The pi tot tube coefficient (Cp)
of this instrument is determined by calibration against a trace-
able National Bureau of Standards (NBS) standard pi tot tube. The
Type-S pi tot tube is calibrated on a probe sheath with a ^ inch dia
nozzle attached. All pi tot tubes are calibrated from 305 m/min
(1000 ft/min) to 1524 m/min (5000 ft/min). Pitot tubes used during
tests will subsequently be recalibrated at a minimum of 3 points
within the velocity range observed during testing. Tubes which have
been damaged or suspected of being damaged during field use will be
recalibrated over the entire range (i.e. 305 to 1524 m/min).
I. Equipment Required
A. Flow System - Calibration is performed in a fMow system
meeting the following minimum requirements:
(1) The air stream is confined in a well-defined cross
sectional area, either circular or rectangular.
The minimum size is 30.5 cm (12 inches) diameter
for circular ducts and at least 25 cm (10 inches),
as the shortest dimension for rectangular ducts.
(2) Entry ports provided in the test section, shall be a
minimum of 8 duct diameters downstream and 2 diameters
upstream of any flow disturbance, e.g. bend, expansion,
contraction, opening, etc.
-------
-2-
(3) The flow system must have the capacity to generate over
the range of 305 m to 1524 m (1000 ft. - 5000 ft.)/min.
Velocities in this range must be constant with time to
guarantee steady flow during calibration.
B. Calibration Standard
A standard type pitot tube either calibrated directly
by N.B.S. or traceable to an N.B.S. standard shall be
the calibration standard.
C. Differential Pressure Gauge
An inclined or expanded scale manometer shall be
used to measure velocity head (AP). Such gauges 3iall be
capable of measuring AP to within + 0.13 mm (0.005 inches)
[^0. A micro-manometer capable of measuring with 0.013 mm
(0.0005 in) H20 will be used to measure AP of less than
13 (0.5") H20.
D. Pitot Tube Lines
Flexible lines made of tygon or similar tubing shall
be used.
E. Thermometer
A mercury in glass or other type thermometer checked
agains a mercury in glass thermometer is considered suitable.
F. Barometer
A mercury column barometer shall be available to determine
atmospheric pressure.
;i. Physical Check
1. The openings are sharp and do not have a rolled edge.
2. The impact planes of sides A & B are perpendicular to
the Traverse Tube axis [Figure 2].
-------
-3-
3. The impact planes are parallel to the longitudinal tube axis
[Figure 3].
III. Cali bration Procedure
The Type-S pi tot tube shall be assigned an identification
number. The first digit of the number is the effective length of
the tube, followed by a dash and consecutive numbers for the number
of tubes of the same effective length, i.e. 5-1 signifies a five
foot pitot tube and is the number one tube. Calibration proceeds
as follows.
A. Fill manometer with clean oil of the proper specific gravity.
Attach and leak check all pitot tube lines.
B. Level and zero monometer.
C. Position the standard pitot tube in the test section at
the calibration point. If the flow system is large enough
and does no interfere with the Type-S tube the standard
tube may be left in the system.
D. Insert the Type-S tube into the flow system.
E. Checks for the effect of turbulance are made as follows:
1. Read AP on both Type-S and standard pitot tubes with
the standard pitot tube in place and compare with read-
ings when the standard tube is withdrawn from system.
2. Read AP on the Type-S tube at center!ine of flow system,
then take readings while moving the tube to the side
of the system. This will define the boundary turbulance
layer.
3. Position the Type-S tube so that there impact openings
are perpendicular to the duct cross sectional area and
-------
-4-
check for null (zero) reading. Absence of a null reading at
this position indicates non-laminar flow conditions.
F. Read AP ^ and record on data table.
G. With the Type-S "A" leg orientated into the flav read APS
and record on data table.
H. Repeat steps F and G until three sets of velocity data
have b'een obtained.
I. Remove Type-S pi tot tube and rotate probe nozzle until it
aligns with side "B" impact openings.
J. Insert the Type-S pi tot tube and proceed as in steps F through
H.
K. Adjust flow system to new velocity and repeat F-J.
L. Record air temperature in the test system and barometric
pressure during testing.
IV. Calculations
1. At each "A"-side and "B"-side velocity setting, calculate
the three valves of Cp (s) as follows:
Cps = Cp std /AP std
V/APs
Where:
Cps " Type-S pi tot tube coefficient
Cp s^ - Standard pi tot tube coefficient
AP stcj - Velocity head, measured by Standard
pi tot tubing inches
AP$ - Velocity heacf, measured by the Type-S
pitot tube, inches FLO
2. Calculate Cp, the average (mean of the three Cp(s)
valves.
-------
-5-
3. For each CP calculated in step 2, calculate a, the average
deviation from the mean as follows:
a(Side "A" or "B") = j]Cp (s) - Cp (A or B) I
3'
3
4. The pitot is acceptable if:
(a) The "A" and "B" side average deviations calculated by
equation 2 are <_ 0.01.
(b) The difference of the "A" and "B" sides Cp calculated
by equation 1 is <_ 0.01 for each individual velocity.
5. Calculate the test section velocity as follows:
V = KCp /T AP std
V pM
Where:
V" = Average test-section velocity, ft/min
K = 5130 (constant)
Cp = Coefficient of standard pitot tube
T = Temperature of.gas stream R
P = Barometric pressure, inches Hg
M = Molecular weight of air = 29.0
AF std = Average of the three standard pitot
tube readings, inches FLO
V. Record Keeping
Flow system data and information on each pitot tube shall
be recorded in a bound book.
The flow system data shall include:
1. The tunnel cross-sectional area and length
up-stream and down-stream of the test site )ft.)
from disturbances.
-------
-6-
2. Time tunnel used (hrs)
3. Air temperature ( F) in flow system and barometric
pressure (inches Hg).
4. All checks for turbulance and flow distribution.
5. Velocity range (ft/min).
The pi tot tube information shall include:
1. I.D. number
2. Checks for physical damages, errors noted and
modifications.
3. Dates and surveys pi tot tubes were used.
4. Date of calibrations, coefficient and dates of
re-calibration.
The calibration records will be kept on file at NEIC. Copies of
the appropriate calibration dates will be furnished for each source
test project.
-------
-'a •
JL
Figure 1- Measurement of Type-S_pito; tubo length (dimension "a'11} and impact-plans
separation cistanca (dimension "b").
TRANSVERSE
TUBE AXIS
1.
i V
__XL_
^—•IMPACT- — >
I PLANES
Figure 2. Type-S pitotitube. end,
,view; Impact-opening planes per-
pend(cular to transverse tube axis..
TUBE AXIS
A
A-SID'E PLANE
— I __
B-SIDE PLANE.
figure 3. Type-S tube, top view; impact-open-
ing planes parallel to longitudinal tube axis.
From "A TYPE-S PITOT TUBE CALIBRATION STUDY" by
Robert F. Vollaro, October 15, 1975
-------
PITOT TUBE CALCULATION SHEET
Tube ID Number
Calibration
By r>
f
_i^d Tube
fD; IS
|>- .~ns
^•IC/L|
o-"7H
(9^o9
txSol
•
Chccl'
!
[5
(0-77^
0 W
^.7^1
^ -UV
A.Stl
:ed By
c
A _[
'-.r-nd
O^o
C*v
o • o
6 -0
r
B
rv?r>//
0^
d)^
0;^^
^
diff
t 15, 1976
-------
J{Cl C^ tH| -m\ I [. J H U I
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\J.J L. I I V liVlMii—liuwi 1
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-------
PIT0T TUBE CALCULATION SHEET
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-------
APPENDIX C
PARTICULATE AND SULFATE ANALYSIS PROCEDURES AND RESULTS
-------
METHOD 5 DETERMINATION OF PARTICULATE EMISSIONS
FROM STATIONARY SOURCES
ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES
Filters
The filters to be tared are desiccated at 20 -5.6°C (68 -10°F) and
ambient pressure for at least 24 hours and weighed at 6 or more hour
intervals to a constant weight, i.e., <_mg. change from previous weigh-
ing, and results recorded to the nearest 0.1 mg. During each weighing
the filter is not exposed to the laboratory atmosphere for a period
greater than 2 minutes and a relative humidity above 50 percent.
The filters are received from the field in aluminum foil wrapped
Petri dishes. The aluminum foil is removed and the Petri dishes placed
into a dessicator using indicating drierite as the dessicant. This
dessicant removes the uncombined water on the filters. The filters are
desiccated at 20 + 5.6°C (68 -10°F) and ambient pressure for at least 24
hours and weighed in the same manner as in taring.
Prior to weighing the filters, both tared and gross, the single pan
analytical balanced is calibrated against Class "5" weights. Also,
prior to each weighing, dessicator and weighing room temperature and
humidity readings are recorded.
The filters in the Petri dishes are individually removed from the
dessicator immediately prior to weighing. Removal and all other handling
of the filters are performed with tweezers.
Acetone Wash
The acetone probe washes are received in quart glass jars with
Teflon lined lids. The contents of each jar are transferred into tared
250 ml heakers along with the acetone used to rinse the jars after
transferral. The beakers are then placed into a hood at ambient tempera-
ture for acetone evaporation.
In the hand, the beakers are placed in an aluminum foil tunnel
which is designed to prevent any possible contamination by particulates
and to allow an efficient air flow for escape of acetone vapors. The
hood door is kept closed and tared beakers used as blanks are included
to verify that the samples did not become contaminated.
-------
After at least 24 hours in the evaporating tunnel, beakers are
removed and placed into dessicators using drierite as the dessicant.
The beakers remain in the dessicator for at least 24 hours and weighed
to a constant weight. The final weights are reported using a single
pan analytical balance calibrated against Class "S" weights. Room
temperature and humidity are measured during the dessication and
weighing process.
No filters or acetone residues are discarded after analysis. The
residue from the beakers are rinsed with a minimal amount of acetone
back into the mason jars in which they were collected.
are
The filters and residues along with their respective sample tags
stored in a predetermined place for at least a year.
Raw Data Bench Cards
O///o
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Field and Laboratory B1anks_
Field filter blanks are collected and weighed one in every ten
samples with a minimum of two if less than ten filters are collected.
Acetone blanks are collected and analyzed at approximately the same
rate as the filters. In addition, laboratory blanks are analyzed during
each batch analysis.
-------
METHOD #8 DETERMINATION OF SULFURIC ACID HIST
AND SULFUR DIOXIDE EMISSIONS FROM STATIONARY SOURCES
Sampling Procedure
Stack gas samples are .collected in an impinger train of Greenburg-Smith
design which consists of four impingers and a glass fiber filter in a
holder located between the first and second impinger. The train is cooled
in an ice bath to minimize evaporative loss of the absorbing solutions and
to enhance the retention of . stack gas components in these fluids.
The first impinger contains 100 ml of 80% isopropanol (SO ml isopropanol -
20 ml deionized-disiil 1 ed water), the second and third impingers contain
100 ml each of 3% hydrogen peroxide (10 ml of 30" H^O? diluted to 100 ml
with deionized-distilled water), and the fourth impinger contains approxi-
mately 200 g of indicating type 6-16 mesh silica gel.
Particulates, sulfites, and sulfates are caught in the first impinger,
filter, and in the isopropanol probe wash. Sulfur dioxide passes through
the isopropanol impinger and filter and is oxidized by the hydrogen per-
oxide to sulfate
S02 + H20 -> H2S03
H2S03 + H2°2 "> H2° + H2S04
The fourth impinger removes water vapor from the stack gas.
The impinged solutions are transported from the stack site to the labora-
tory in mason jars sealed with Teflon lid inserts. Chain-of-custody pro-
cedures are followed. The liquid level in the jars is marked in the field
and checked in the laboratory for losses.
As the sampling is conducted isokinetical ly , the flow rate in the sample
train is determined on site by means of a pi tot tube and manometer and
set according to correspond with the flow rate in the stack. Once the
flow rate is set, sampling proceeds for about 100 minutes.
Analytical Procedures :
All sulfur-containing species are collected as or converted to sulfate.
The sulfate is determined by titration with a standardized barium solution
The titrations are carried out in 30% isopropanol , which enhances the for-
mation of barium sulfate and sharpens the end-point of the reaction.
Thorin is used as an indicator and changes from yellow to pink at the end-
point of the titration when there is an excess of barium present.
-------
Standardization of Barium Solution
A standard solution prepared from acidimetric grade potassium hydrogen
phthalate (KHP) is used to standardize a sodium hydroxide solution. The
sodium hydroxide solution is used to standardize a sulfuric acid solution,
which is used in turn to standardize a barium perchlorate solution. The
reactions and stoiciometry are described below:
KHP + NaOH -* NaKP + H20
2NaOH + H2S04 -•> Na2S04 + 2H20
H2S04 + Ba(C104)2 -* BaS04 + 2HC104
weight KHP. = (vol. NaOH) (N NaOH)
204.2
(N NaOH) = freight KHP
(204*.
2 g/eq)17 (1 NaOH)
(vol. NaOH) (N NaOH) = (vol. H2S04) (N H2S04)
(N H2S04) = (vol. NaOH) (N NaOH)
(vol r'H2SO^)
2N H2S04 = 1 M H2S04 = 1 M S04 =
(vol. H2S04) (M H2S04) = (vol. Ba(C104)2) (M Ba (C104)2)
(M Ba(C104) = (vol. H2SO/i) (M H?S04)
Analysis of Isopropanol _SaniD]es
The isopropanol samples have a sufficiently high alcohol content (80%)
to permit a distinctive color change from yellow to pink with the thorin
indicator. An aliquot of sample is pipetted into a 250 nil wide-mouth
erlenmeyer flask and diluted to 100 ml with 80% isopropanol, four drops
of thorin indicator are added and the mixture is titrated to a pink
end-point with the standardized barium perchlorate solution. If no color
change occurs by the time 25 ml of titrant is used, the aliquot size is
reduced. It is advisable to begin with an aliquot size of 10 ml or less
as sample volumes delivered to the laboratory may be inadequate to permit
the replication of larger aliquots. Replicate titrations should agree
within one percent.
-------
Analysis of Hydrogen Peroxide Samples
Since hydrogen peroxide samples are mostly water, 100% isopropanol must
be added to the aliquots to obtain an optimum concentration of 80" iso-
propanol. Table I indicates what volumes of 100% isopropanol are re-
quired for various aliquot volumes to meet the optimum 80% final volumes.
Sample
Al iquot
ml
Required
100*
Isopropanol
ml
Table
20 15
80 60
I
10 5 2 1
40 20 8 4
0.5
2
Before the mixture is titrated with the standardized barium perchlorate,
the total volume in the flask is adjusted to 100 nil with 80% isopropanol.
Four drops of thorin indicator are added and the solution is titrated to
a pink end-point. Replicate titrations should agree within }%.
Analysis of Stack Filters for Sulfate
The sulfate from a geometrically known portion of the 4" glass fiber fil-
ter is extracted in warm water. The sulfate in solution is analyzed by
the titration procedure described in the method 8 write-up.
A known portion of the sample filter (usually 1/4 or 1/2 depending on ex-
pected sulfate concentration) is placed into a 250 ml beaker with 25 ml
of deionized, distilled water. Two blank filter portions of equal size
to the sample portions are treated in the same manner. Two spike samples
are prepared by pipetting 25 ml of 1000 mg/1 stock standard sulfate into
250 ml beakers.
The six beakers are placed on a hot plate and their contents are brought
to a gentle boil to dissolve the sulfate on the filter portions. After
five minutes, the supernatant is decanted into 100 ml volumetric flasks.
The preceding extraction procedure is repeated twice more with 25 ml of
distilled water and boiling for five minutes each time. At the conclusion
of the final boiling, decanting sequence, each beaker is rinsed with
deionized, distilled water into its respective volumetric flask. The
volumes in the flasks are brought to 100 ml. From this point, the ti-
tvimetric analysis proceeds as described in the section on hydrogen
peroxide. Replicates are averaged and should agree within one per cent.
-------
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ANALYTICAL DATA REPORTING FORM
Page_
Ql * I 1 Sl\
rdiival r*u>_/- ffe-rvr-AniO FIELD DATA DATES COVERED W<\4 /? 5t^ Z - 0 4-
i^'JiDZ — O4
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STATION DESCRIPTION
T^ I 1 1 (
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-------
APPENDIX D
CHAIN-OF-CUSTODY
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NATIONAL ENFORCEMENT INVESTIGATIONS CENTER
CHAIN OF CUSTODY PROCEDURES
June 1, 1975
GENERAL
The evidence gathering portion of a survey should be characterized by the minimum
number of samples required to give a fair representation of the water, air or solid
waste sampled. To the extent possible, the quantity of samples and sample locations
will be determined prior to the survey.
Chain of Custody procedures must be followed to maintain the documentation necessary
to trace sample possession from the time taken until the evidence is introduced into
court. A sample is in your "custody" if:
1. It is in your actual physical possession, or
2. It is in your view, after being in your physical possession, or
3. It was in your physical possession and then you locked it up in a manner so
that no one could tamper with it.
All survey participants will receive a copy of the survey study plan and will be
knowledgeable of its contents prior to the survey. A pre-survey briefing will be held
to re-appraise all participants of the survey objectives, sample locations and Chain
of Custody procedures. After all Chain of Custody samples are collected, a de-briefing
v/ill be held in the field to determine adherence to Chain of Custody procedures and
whether additional evidence type samples are required.
SAMPLE COLLECTION
1, To the maximum extent achievable, as few people as possible should handle
the sample.
2. Water, air, or solid waste samples shall be obtained, using standard field
sampling techniques.
3. Sample tags (Exhibit I) shall be securely attached to the sample container
at the time the complete sample is collected and shall contain, at a minimum,
the following information: station number, station location, data taken,
time taken, type of sample, sequence number (first sample of the day -
sequence No. 1, second sample - sequence No. 2, etc.), analyses required and
samplers. The tags must be legibly filled out in ballpoint (waterproof ink).
4. Blank samples shall also be taken with preservatives which will be analyzed
by the laboratory to exclude the possibility of container or preservative
contamination.
5. A pre-printed, bound Field Data Record logbook shall be maintained to re-
cord field measurements and other pertinent information necessary to refresh
the sampler's memory in the event he later takes the stand to testify re-
garding his actions during the evidence gathering activity. A separate
set of field notebooks shall be maintained for each survey and stored in a
safe place where they could be protected and accounted for at all times.
Standard formats (Exhibits II and III) have been established to minimize
field entries and include the date, time, survey, type of samples taken,
volume of each sample, type of analysis, sample numbers, preservatives,
sample location and field measurements such as temperature, conductivity,
-------
DO, pH, flow and any other pertinent information or observations. The
entries shall bo signed by the field sampler. The preparation and conser-
vation of the field logbooks during trie survey will be the responsibility
of the survey coordinator. Once the survey is complete, field logs will be
retained by the survey coordinator, cr his designated representative, as a
part of the permanent record.
6. The field sampler is responsible for the care and custody of the samples
collected until properly dispatched :o the receiving laboratory or turned
over to an assigned custodian. He nust assure that each container is in his
physical possession or in his view a: all times, or locked in such a place
and manner that no one can tamper with it.
7. Colored slides or photographs should be taken which would visually show the
outfall sample location, and any water' pollution to substantiate any con-
clusions of the investigation. Written documentation on the back of the
photo should include the signature cf the photographer, time, date and site
location. Photographs of this nature-, which may be used as evidence, shall
be handled recognizing Chain of Custccy procedures to prevent alteration.
TRANSFER OF CUSTODY AHD SHIPMENT
1. Samples will be accompanied by a Chain of Custody Record which includes the
name of the survey, samplers' signatures, station number, station location,
date, time, type of sample, sequence number, number of containers and analy-
ses required (Fig. IV). When turn in: over the possession of samples, the
transferor and transferee will sign, c~te and time the sheet. This record
sheet allows transfer of custody of = group of samples in the field, to the
mobile laboratory or when samples ar; dispatched to the fit 1C - Denver labora-
tory. When transferring a portion CT" the samples identified on the sheet to
the field mobile laboratory, the individual samples must be noted in the
column with the signature of the porscn relinquishing the samples. The field
laboratory person receiving the sar.p'-es will acknowledge receipt by signing
in the appropriate column.
2. The field custodian or field sampler, if a custodian has not been assigned,
vn'll have the responsibility of propc-rly packaging and dispatching samples
to the proper laboratory for analysis. The "Dispatch" portion of the "Chain
of Custody Record shall be properly filled out, dated, and signed.
3. Samples will be properly packed in shipment containers such as ice chests, to
avoid breakage. The shipping containers will be padlocked for shipment to
the receiving laboratory.
4. All packages will be accompanied by the Chain of Custody Record showing iden-
tification of the contents. The original will accompany the shipment, and a
copy will be retained by the survey coordinator.
5. If sent by mail, register the package with return receipt requested. If sent
by common carrier, a Government Bill cf Lading should be obtained. Receipts
from post offices, and bills of ladir.; will be retained as part of the perma-
nent Chain of Custody documentation.
6. If samples are delivered to the laboratory when appropriate personnel arc not
there to receive them, the samples m^st be locked in a designated area within
the laboratory in a manner so that no one can tamper with them. The same per-
son must then return to the laboratory and unlock the samples and deliver
custody to the appropriate custodian.
-------
LABORATORY CUSTODY PROCEDURES
1. The laboratory shall designate a "sample custodian." An alternate will be
designated in his absence. In addition, the laboratory shall sst aside a
"sample storage security area." This should be a clean, dry, isolated room
which can be securely locked from the outside.
2. All samples should be handled by the minimum possible number of persons.
3. All incoming samples shall be received only by the custodian, who will in-
dicate receipt by signing the Chain of Custody Sheet accompanying the samples
and retaining the sheet as permanent records. Couriers picking up samples at
the airport, post office, etc. shall sign jointly with the laboratory custodian
4. Immediately upon receipt, the custodian will place the sample in the sample
room, v;hich v/ill be locked at all times except v/hen samples are removed or
replaced by the custodian. To the maximum extent possible, only the custo-
dian should be permitted in the sample room.
5. The custodian shall ensure that heat-sensitive or light-sensitive samples,
or other sample materials having unusual physical characteristics, or re-
quiring special handling, are properly stored and maintained.
6. Only the custodian will distribute samples to personnel who are to perform
tests.
7. The analyst will record in his laboratory notebook or analytical worksheet,
identifying information describing the sample, the procedures performed
and the results of the testing. The notes shall be dated and indicate who
performed the tests. The notes shall be retained as a permanent record in
the laboratory and should note any abnormal ties which occurred during the
testing procedure. In the event that the person who performed the tests is
not available as a witness at time of trial, the government may be able to
introduce the notes in evidence under the Federal Business Records Act.
8. Standard methods of laboratory analyses shall be used as described in the
"Guidelines Establishing Test Procedures for Analysis of Pollutants,"
38 F.R. 28758, October 16, 1973. If laboratory personnel deviate from
standard procedures, they should be prepared to justify their decision dur-
ing cross-examination.
9. Laboratory personnel are responsible for the care and custody of the sample
once it is handed over to them and should be prepared to testify that the
sample was in their possession and view or secured in the laboratory at all
times from the moment it was received from the custodian until the tests
were run.
10. Once the sample testing is completed, the unused portion of the sample to-
gether with all identifying tags and laboratory records, should be returned
to the custodian. The returned tagged sample v/ill be retained in the sample
room until it is required for trial. Strip charts and other documentation
of work v/ill also be turned over to the custodian.
11. Samples, tags and laboratory records of tests may be destroyed only upon the
order of the laboratory director, who will first confer with the Chief,
Enforcement Specialist Office, to make certain that the information is no
longer required or the samples have deteriorated.
-------
EXHIBIT I
EPA, NATIONAL ENFORCEMENT INVESTIGATIONS CENTER
Slotion No.
Dofo
Ttrr.o
Sequence No.
Station Location
_Grab
BOD
_COD
J^ulrients
Samplers:
_OiJ ancl Grcaso
J3.O.
_Bad.
_Olhor
Remarks/ Preservative:
Front
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
OFFICE OF ENFORCEMENT
NATIONAL ENFORCEMENT INVESTIGATIONS CENTER
BUILDING 53, BOX 25227, DENVER FEDERAL CENTER.
DENVER, COLORADO S0225
/
TKfV'
Back
-------
EXHIBIT II
SURVEY, PHASE.
DATE
E OF SAMPLE.
ANALYSES REQUIRED
AT! ON
JMBER
*
STATION DESCRIPTION
TOTAL VOLUME
Cd
LU
2
£
z
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u
LU
a.
>•
t—
PRESERVATIVE
NUTRIENTS ]
Q
O
CO
Q
O
U
U
0
»-—
TOTAL SOLIDS I
SUSPENDED SOLIDS |
ALKALINITY |
O
Q
»
r
a
—
t
5-
>
J
U
ID
Q
Z
0
u
t
UJ
C£
ID
<
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5
LU
1 —
TOTAL COLIFORM |
i
0
li-
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3
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U-
TURBIDITY |
UJ
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-------
EXHIBIT III
Samplers:
FIELD DATA RECORD
STATION
NUMBER
DATS
TIME
TEMPERATURE
°C
CONDUCTIVITY
^tmhos/cm
PH
S.U..
D.O.
mg/J
Gage Hf.
or Flow
Fl. orCFS
-------
EXHIBIT IV
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Office Of Enforcement
NATIONAL ENrOKCE/V.tNT INVESTIGATIONS CENTER
Buiidmg 53, Box 25227. Denver Pc-d^ral Center
r, Colorodo 80225
CHAIN OF CUSTODY RECORD
SURVEY
STATION
NUMBER
STATION) LOCATION
DATE
Relinquished by: (s;3noiutej
Relinquished by: (signoiuie)
Relinquished by: (Signature)
Relinquished by: fSJgnoiuiej
Dispatched by: (s;ano;uroj
TIME
SAMPLERS: (s;gno»u»j
SAMPLE TYPE
Wa
Conip.
ter
G rob.
Air
SEO.
NO.
NO OF
CONTAINERS
ANALYSIS
REQUIRED
Received by: /%»oiurej
Received by: (Signature)
Received by: (siynaturc)
Received by Mobile Laboratory for field
analysis: /s;gnaiurcj
Date/Time
!
Received for Laboratory by:
Method cf Shipment:
Dale/Time
Dole/Time
J
Dote/Time
Date/Time
Date/Time
Distribution; Orig.— Accompany Shipment
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Office Of Enforcement
NATIONAL ENFORCEMENT INVESTIGATIONS CENTER
Building 53, Box 25227, Denver Federal Center
Denver, Colorado 80225
CHAIN OF CUSTODY RECORD
SURVEY
^i-[ IO P:ry : IPf? Pf A.'-J 7
STATION
NUMBER
*-•)>:>>—,
-'V '• "•
,-> f,;'/, ••?
/ * '/ .' t
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Office Of Enforcement
NATIONAL ENFORCEMENT INVESTIGATIONS CENTER
Building 53, Box 25227, Denver Federal Center
Denver, Colorado 80225
CHAIN OF CUSTODY RECORD
SURVEY ; . / T .,,, ;
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NUMBER
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Method of Shipment:
Date/Time
Date/Time
Date/Time
Date/Time
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Distribution: Orig.— Accompany Shipment
1 Copy—Survey Coordinator Field Files
GPO 83 1 - 401
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Office Of Enforcement
NATIONAL ENFORCEAAENT INVESTIGATIONS CENTER
Building 53, Box 25227, Denver Federal Center
Denver, Colorado 80225
CHAIN OF CUSTODY RECORD
SURVEY,,^ fa,,^, ,oif -;A r-./
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ANALYSIS
REQUIRED
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analysis: (Signature]
Date/Time
1
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Method of Shipment: / ;'
Date/Time
Date/Time
Date/Time
Date/Time
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Distribution: Orig.— Accompany Shipment
1 Copy—Survey Coordinator Field Files
G PO 83 1 - 4C4
-------
APPENDIX E
PROCESS AND CONTROL EQUIPMENT OPERATING DATA
-------
PROCESS DATA SHEET
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-------
PROCESS DATA SHEET
Corp any Name
Location
Date .&//& /-? 7
Unit No..
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Observer
<7, Instantaneous
1\J
Feed Woter Data^A
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-------
ESP Data Sheet
Company Name
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-------
ESP Data Sheet
Company Name
Locati on _
Date
5-//6/7-7 (
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-------
PROCESS DATA SHEET 2u*J
Company Narr.e
Location 57E'"'^'CfJ^fl-U."
Date -V^7/
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Unit No..
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PROCESS DATA SHEET
Company Name <9/-f/(> r£&£"£
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Location
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-------
-------
ESP Data Sheet
Company Kame ofl/o
Location
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ESP Sections
-------
<.£r
PROCESS DATA SHEET
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-------
PROCESS DATA SHEET
•£
Ccrraany Name
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. -55$
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Location
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-------
PROCESS DATA SHEET
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-------
PROCESS DATA SHEET
Let*
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Location &r,n,<.t Aur c/s/o
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-------
COAJT^
-------
ESP Data Sheet
$£ .5/2-
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ESP Sections
-------
PROCESS DATA SHEET
Unit No.
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(Gross)
Comments
-------
PROCESS DATA SHEET
2-2~
Company Mama A * ^ ft//>_
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\foLTfl $C
ESP Data Sheet
Unit No.
Station No.
Observer
Company Name
Location
Date
-------
ESP Data Sheet
Company Name
Location
DatG
Unit No._
Station No.
Observer
ESP Sections
-------
^F fsrz '•
PROCESS DATA SHEET
^Company Name dWb (p6 }<}££.
Location fif.ii.
Unit Ho.
Station No. C/>/'-
<-
Observer /?• u-J)/r~
r\i i y& /» J
S C A'*-
J3 ^ / Instantaneous
Tine
- -
Coal Feed to Pulverizer 57^'r
.
O
/i
To
|
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r~~
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p
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6
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4
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^\
f.S)
Corncnts
-------
Unit No.
Station No.
Observer
-------
PROCESS DATA SHEET
'//
^
/
Company Kane
Location
Date
fo&.t/*.
7 7
Station No. Cst/lf)/"/<(-
Observer £~>
in;*
Coal Feed to Pulverizer
ly »«
vf '
,_
p
j 1
CO
o
fl
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Common ts
— -•
"• — •" -^
-------
tti — no .sc/jc/z: o/o
z6 - 7T
z <: - 73
i/v» T"
ESP Data Sheet
Company Nair.c
Location p-£
Date
Unit No._
Station No._
Observer
<-
TI.TC
t_J>
"
^3^(2^
-------
K
3 A
-zc -
- -7?
ESP Data Sheet
Company Narce
Location
Date
RAff£< Cwrjfo^ S
Obsorvcr
Time
ESP Sections
-------
F.HJJ * g-
o
370^
M
% .a / q., Instantaneous
u*. v Uxccs slower Generation,
HJ -
er Data
o 5
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J J_> J4J d
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M 5
29-
—
^"
(Gross)
*"&
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5«r"
. — • '
)
Coninc-nt<
-------
PROCESS DATA SHEET
Company Name 0T d//'®
Date ^~/3s/77
4
Jk7Af £-£C
\
Tim*
/<2>Z£
•^~~
flid
Coal Feed to Pulverizer s-7k//>v SHMtfi
r.
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fcl^b
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Station No. C4/^P/x-V* <— w -o
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(fiross)
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V.i-
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Co:nn-c-nts
-------
-------
ESP Data Sheet
.2-/
Company Name
-------
APPENDIX F
RAW DATA SHEETS AND CALCULATIONS
-------
Plant
-Ui
Unit 1
o 5TQ"*-
Vm - volume of gas metered
PL - barometric pressure
AH - average orifice pressure
Tm - average meter temperature
VLc " vo-IuiTie °'fr water collected
C02 - concentration of CO^
02 - concentration of (^
CO - concentration of CO
C - Pi tot tube coefficient
AP -\|average velocity pressure
Ts - average stack temperature
Ps - average stack pressure
As - area of the stack
Theta - sample time
An - area of the nozzle
ms - weight collected
H - energy input
Location
Run No.
Date
/
Co ( , S ) Ft3
i_ S . (^ f in Hg
t . "/ ^ in H-
-S"
Q D 7 °R
nil
1 3> .•
Q
>."? ^
V o
l_~f3'-L
T
7
%
in f
in \
Ft2
y"-/ min.
_-y
I . ~/o ^?Qo Ft2
10G BTU's
-------
Plant
o
Location
Run No.
1. Meter Volume
Vmstd =17.65 Vm
AH
Pb + 13.6
Tm
= 17.65 ( UL°>D
2. Volume of water collected
V... = .0472 V,
w
= .0472
u
Ft3
3. Moisture
Bws
Vmstd)
i
+ 13.6
o ,
Date
7
4. Dry Molecular Weight
Md = .44 (C02) + .32 (02) + .28 (N2 + CO)
= .44 (13.1) + .32 (0,s) + .28 (
Ib/lb-mole
-------
5. Wet Molecular Weight
- Bws) + 18 (Bws)
-.SSi) + 18 (,
Ms = Md
6. Stack Gas Velocity
= (85.4R) Cf
= 85.48 (
Ts
FsMs
7. Stack Gas Volumetric Flow Rate
Q = 3600 (1-
= 3600 (1- .-
As
530
Ts
Mtf
"530
%*SA
• Ps
29.92
\*>
29"
Ft3/hr
8.
Mass Emission Rate (Front Half)
A. Area Basis
(As)
(ms) '
^a
453.59 (Theta)
453.59 ( ^JY
Ibs/hr
-------
.3
B. Concentration Basis
MEFT = (ms) (Qs)
c
) [453.59
ibs/hr
C. Average Emission Rate
MERAVC = MERA + MERC
2
Ibs/hr
.
m
»'-).v
-------
Plant C t(y'fl.' r\u / I f^L*
Run No. H j
Location /-i G f)"\
Date VV\^, J-A: . fll")
Ope rntor
Sample Box No.
Meter Box !!o._
Hctcr fi II _.
C Factor
VERY .aagRTAN'T - FILL IN ALL BLANKS
Rend ond record nt the ntnrt of
each test point.
Titnot Start Tirca
ArMcnt Temp *F *?) Q
Bar. Prcaa, "llg
Aoauired Moirture 7.
Probo Tip Din. In
Pitot Tube },'o.
, ///
/
Probe Lcn&th/type ,-^f /£-.-/"
Filter No. /^ . ^-5^ . /£,
&
Point
AT
3
7.
g,
Clock
o
3
Dry Caa
Hctcr, CF
-99.17
Pitot
in. 11,0
4P
_•? 3
3.3
' Q
JjLL^L
33
Orifice all
in 1I20
Desired
l
-7
Actual
1.7
? /.f
I. L.
Dry Can Tcr.p.
T
Outlet
7o
I
Inlet
^o
7/ , 7^
=• C
76,
17
Pur.p
Vacuum
In. 1IC
3 r
3.?
Irpinj;er
Tcr.p.
•F
L7
±-L-.
71
.06;
fv
_0-
SL
Oven
Tcrp.
'F
frobc
Temp,
*P
St.TC'rt
Tc IT? .
•F
OC-o
i2-l
T~
St.ick
Temp.
•F
(T+/.60)
1& 133^.
-------
(lied, dt..
a" f-U - .0/1
Point
Clock
0
Dry Gas
Meter, C?
Pitot
in. H-0
AP
Orifice AH
in H20
Desired
Actual
Dry Gas Tcnip.
OutleL
Inlet
Pump
Vacuum
In. Hg
Inipinger
Temp.
°F
Oven
Temp.
Op
)
Probe
Temp.
°F
Scack
Ten?.
°F
Stack
Tetnp.
°F
£-7
77
m
Y
/.C
17
334,
3
M.
P-3'2.
"L.
/.H
7?
23?
31
11/0
-f~
0
J.8C
3'*
3.0..
1.7
3.o
IL
Counts:
3/16.
.0
321
5-1
9?
3.0
7?
3.o
;
3V
J
I
fit
7 x
.
6 ^
-------
K
f
PRELIMINARY FIELD DATA
Stnck Geometry
A. Dist. frnrr: jnstde of far wall ta outside
of near wall, itf^ , = _ j 5? f ~i "") '
Ar
B. Wall thickness.
Inside diameter of stack - A-B
Stack Area = ~L
Sketch of stack cross-section
showing sampling
Calculator I <
Point
t
1
3
s
Dist. freer outsitfe
of sarr.ple norc. in.
t
, . i
0 3 ' -i o , -Li ' ' /. i
l.-)p'+©,xi '^^
i
' 1
3.lpa(4Ci^i,3^
i
I^SV 1-0,0' -CS'S
t
i
i /
0
-------
Molecular Weight Determination
Station Number f) <$&
Method of Analysis: Fryrite
Orsat
Sample Type: Grab _
Integrated
Run
Time
Collected Analyzed
C02
o
CO
1-1
1-3
ilJ
i-3
//
/ r
/
/<>'.
{.a
Leak Check:
02 Check
C02 Check
Signature^
Remarks:
against
against
Date
-------
Molecular Weight Determination
Station Number
M
Method of Analysis: Fryrite
Orsat ^
Sample Type: Grab
^
Integrated
Run
No.
f/i
7
2.
_S
Time
Collected
7f7^
S
/r^
/Vrr.
/r rr
/^rr
^05-
7^5-
/^of
C02
/J.3
°2
/-.r
6,f
£,¥
7,6
7'^
-7,$
7,3
£,<=/
CO
Leak Check: /)/<
02 Check
C02 Check
Signature
, 7/7 / ' v
% against /yfn-6-t**^
^
/O ^ against /yj-rT^t^~/
•.<3$mbdfa*J*1 Date: S~/ /£ /-?-?
/
Remarks:
-------
CALIBRATION OF DIGITAL TEMPERATURE INDICATORS
DTI # ^
MINIMITE # 7-
MINIMITE DTI
READING (°F) READING (°F)
50
60 X,
70 ?c
80 o c v
90 ,-v
y/
100 '
125 /^g
150 /<""•
200 JO/
ocn
--p zf^T
300 j^ /
350 _^_T/
400 37^
450
500
550
600
650
DATE F/A^Jt-,, /?7?
NAME A/^,L^i/?
MINIMITE DTI
READING (°F) READING (°F)
700
750
800
850
900
950
1000
-------
SAMPLE CLEANUP SHEET
Plant '
Address :__
Station No . :
Run Mo. :
Da t e :
Barometric PressureTp? ^
__Arnbient Temperature:
^Sample Box Number:_^_rj_
Itnpinger 1
Final Volume
Initial Volume
nl of
Volume collected
jjiipinger ?.
Final Volume
/ o o
ml
Initial Volume
of
O O
Volume collected^
Impinger 3
Final Volume
Initial Volume
Volume collected
Impinger
Final Volun
Initial Volume
Volume colleci-eli
Impinqer
Final weight fc
Initial weight
Weight col lected K, , -^
Total Volume Collected_
Filters
No.
Final Weight
_
jnl
ml
of
of
qm
ml
Tare Viei_ght
gm
gm
Weight
Collected
gm
gm
Cleanup performed by_
on
-------
Nozzle Verification
Procedure:
1, Inspect nozzle for dents, chips or corrosion. If ok proceed
to step tvjo, if not reshape, clean and sharpen as needed.
(Discard if damaged beyond repair and note on verification log)
2. With micrometer measure three different inside diameters of
probe. Record on log to the nearest 0.025mm (0.001 in.).
3. If difference between highest and lowest reading is greater
than O.liam (0.004 inch) reshape and reraeasure.
Measured Size
Identification No. 1st 2nd 3rd
%$-/ /77 n-7 )7?
By: <&&V?Z*^
//£•> ' . f /
Date: ^/A/^7
Difference
High - Low
^ . r ^_
-------
CALIBRATION OF DIGITAL TEMPERATURE INDICATORS
DTI #
MINIMITE # a NAME
r/
£>•
7'
§^
^d
/ 6-0
/3 £
700
750
800
850
900
950
1000
MINIMITE DTI MINIMITE DTI
READING (°F) READING (°F) READING (°F) READING (°F)
50
60
70
80
90
100
125
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
650
-------
Plnnt_QjJ- I O ,"••-
Run No.
Locntion_
Date 1
0
Operator ,-«^
Sample Box No.
Meter Box Ho.
Meter A 11
C Factor
PARTICUL/ 'IELD DATA
VERY. IMPORTANT - FIU. IN ALL BUSKS
Road and record at the otorc of
each test point.
Anblcnt Tcnp °F
Tine i Start Tlme_
End Time
Bar. Press, "llf. ^- c'', C. V
Assumed Holfiture Z ^
Probo Tip Din. In. '.'"*"*
Pitot Tube No, 5 ~ /
Probo Lcn,-,tli/type v
Filter lio. "2-° ,
u-. t
cr~
10-
Point
C.-T
C-1
o-
Clock
O
3
C
i >
1.
/l-
i V
Dry G.i3
Hctcr, CF
°i 1 . Cc
°\ 4^0°
S >?•
/o |,
Pltot
In. 1!?0
iP
3,1
3,1-
3.7.
l.o
Orifice AH
In 1120
Deairec]
Actunl
1,00
0
Ol
• ! )-'b'o
s'l
Dry Ca3 Tcir.p.
Outlet
/ O 0
/ 0 D
o1-/
Inlet
) 0
L£L
JO")
/o?
Pun?
V.^cxiljn
III. llf.
M.O
. 0
W.O
Ten-.p.
•F
_i
Si-
Oven
Tcr.,p.
*F
Probe
'F
2- VI
•2.C-0
Stac'rt
Tcrr.p ,
•F
3Yo
3Y3
Stack
Tcr.p.
•F
('F+460)
Commcnto:
-------
Point
Clock
Dry Gas
Meter, CF
Pitot
in. H.O
AP
Orifice AH
in H20
Desired
Actual
Dry Gas Terr.p.
°F
Outlet
Inlet
Punp
Vacuum
In. Hg
lapinger
Ten?;
Oven
Tetr.p .
Probe
Temp 4
OF
Stack
Tcnp.
°F
Stack
Teirp .
3
5 7
/O'/
I?-*"
&±
(.70
VS
LX£
3
JLL
7.3
J.?
o/- / IP/
-.-'•- / . <:>£/
131,
fi-4
/0-7
3
/O?
1^3.
R^
r
10
767 (lo
.25--
Consents:
3/16
-------
PRELIMINARY FIELD DATA
Stack Geometry
Planj
Test No ±:
Location _J±1_2
Date £/_i!l/ZL
A. Dist. frorr: Inside of far wall to outside
of near wall, l*a. , = I %. 7. "i
B. Wall thickness, in., = •"^-^
Inside diameter of stack =• A-B
Stack Area = 7, *> "~(,
Comments:
T.
Sketch of stack cross-section
showing sampling holes
Calculations:
-
1
;
>
1
i
i
i
-------
»i
m
O
COMPANY..
LOCATION
TEST Kl'X£cR
DATE S///./77
TYPE FACILITY I?-,,.-M
COIITROL DEVICE-
OF-VISUAL DETERHiwriOK OF OPACITY PAGS./_cf
HOURS Or OBSERVATION
OBSERVER
OOSERVER CERTIFICATION UATE
03SEHVER ArFILIATlC!.' _
POIIiT OF EMISSIONS
sy'.-.
HHIGIIT OF DISCING!: POINT . & •*/;
O
r
7.
O
>
S
r^
»
^ TIME
ERVtR LOCATION
Distance Jco Discharge
"Direction from Discharge
Height of Observation Point
BACKGROUND DESCRIPTION
MATHER CONDITIONS
Kind Direction
Vlind Speed
SKY CC'MITIO.'.'S Cclcar,
overcast, % clouds,
PU'I'.E DESCRIPTIOfl
Color
D1stbr.cs Visible
OTHER I:IFOR;;ATIOI!
Initial
Clfo-S
Final
//' o
u)
SUMMERY OF AVERAGE OPACITY
• Sot
Murr.bcr
Tir^
Start — End
O^ci
5-jr,
ty
Aver; 50
Read1r.gr, ranged fro.n
to
cpacii.y
The source VMS/U-JS not in cc,-;pl fence with ^
the tirr.c evaluation v,ras ir.
.at
-------
CCX?AXY
LC1M!C'J
, /
(«v f(,
*.v7._.'t. r
OBSERVATION RECORD
,-
+ ''* OBSERVER
YPC
TEST !;'J.".>LK _.^.,. .. / ^-. ..... /..„/ POINT Cf L'-ilSS
CAT C __ r, y / /, / 77
PAGE J... OF
Hr.
/
VJn.
0
1
3
f 4
l_ .'->...
7
P
(.
-iu
1!
K-
i •>
I 1-'-
1-',
H,
1?
•>•;
is
;u
<"'
;<
n
;••;
;-'j
'd>
?i
'('A
?9
__
v *"
b"
v^;.
v->
/;•
•' •>
.'
<>.-
^^
.••".•
i.-..
«•. .•:
i •'. ~j
S'C_
.,•,
'•<-t-
,••;
A '
< .T
,.
....
^
•"• .• ,
-,-c
•/L-
/
-.-.'.:
/•-'
.-n
V-'
7 v
..'-'^
:V .
i,r
~f-
si t;.M
• • i. 'j.
•LUSt
?. r>nl kiblc)
CC^HTS
CBSERVA7IOH
(Continued) "
COI-iPAS'Y
TEST li'X-'.SU
DATE _
POIMT or
PACE, .OF__.
llr.
Mfn.
30
31
"33"
1(4
JT
Jo
37
W
~"l(T'
•il
ii;
''..'i
AA
is
•ir.
•4?
(11)
10
so
s 1
b?
'jJ
'j'l
b'S
if.
'±1
03
50
IT
—
Second
—
— -
—
—
—
5_
STtAM (••LU.-'.t
AtiiChCfi 1 Oo'.!Cfi?d
COMETS
j
• • -
(Ml Doj.74-2SliO TUed li-;l-7-l;B:ii wn]
:aAi Rrcurrz, vol. o?, NO. 2i9-.7U£jDAY, NOVL'ABER 12,1974
-------
LOCATION'
7L.ST N'JMSER
DAT E ^
RECORD OF -VISUAL DETEWIIMTIOK OF OPACITY
PAS? / cf
TYPE FACILITY 7,..-.., ,.,„,.. J,.t, .<•/?..
CC.'ilP.Ot DEVICE F^jP
HOURS 0? OBSERVATION
OBSERVER
03SERV[R OPJI r I CAT !0;{ DAT E ^-//^ /?77
OSSEuVER AFFILIATIC::_
POIuT OF EMISSIONS
HEIGHT OF DISCliARGE F
O
r
p
VJ
•O
>
O
CLOCX TIHE
OBSERVER LOCATION
Distance to D
"Direction frcm Discharge
ight cf Observation Point
BACKGROUND DESCRIPTIOii
BATHER CONDITIONS
K'lnd Direction
Kind Speed
AnMcnt Tem
SKY CONDITIONS (clear,
overcast, '* clouds,
PLUM; OESCRIPTIOil
Color
Distance Visible
07IIL!1
Initial
t^*f
?<^'
' £-i'u
,j;,^,.
S^u;
,,
•*'>•;••/,,:.:
F
1
1
Sb'!-'u'(ARY OF AVERAGE CPACITV
• Set
Nurr.bcr
T^o
Start — End
CoicUy
Svn
Avorcge
. ^_._ ,n
l
.eadir.gs ranged fro.i! to ^^ cpacii.y
"ho source \ws/was not in ccnpHancc with — .at
.he time evaluation v;as /rade,
-------
LC^TIC'l L' .,/-,_
. OBSERVATION RECORD
'<-* l,..y,( g"A- OBSERVERx^>
TEST ;;^;LH r, L~
CATE S7 /T/TJ'
TYPE FACILIY,?»•."., 6K./.V-"Z ?
I'r.
,•
!Mn.
0
1
?
J
4
'-•
.0
7
P
c.
-!'J-
1 1
1?
^ j
is
16
17
' .*'
19
^ i
; /
n
'<•!.
',-'j
';f>
? I
?;'i
?3
u
,'• -j
-r-;
>. .
>•:
i^ i f*
•:<,
YT, •
',•:'
T.r
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(Continued)
LOCATION!
TEST li'^S
DATE
03SERVCS
FACIHT)'
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COMMITS
Doj.7i-26150 FUcd ll-H-7-l;8:
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RECORD onW* DETERMIKA7IOK Of 0?AC!!Y PAG~ jsf^
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OBSERVER CERTIFICATION DATE
OBSERVER AFrlLlATICIi
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BACKGROUND DESCRIPTION
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Kind Direction
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PLUMS DESCRIPTION
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-------
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-------
Plant
Unit
O
YAP -^average velocity pressure
Ts - average stack temperature
Ps - average stack pressure
As - area of the stack
Theta - sample time
An - area of the nozzle
ms - weight collected
H - energy input
Run No.
~L
Vm - volume of gas metered
P. - barometric pressure
AH - average orifice pressure
Tm - average meter temperature
Vic - volume of v/ater collected
C02 - concentration of CCL
02 - concentration of 02
CO - concentration of CO
C - Pitot tube coefficient
Date
G -5".3 /
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10s BTU's
-------
SAMPLE CLEANUP SHEET
, I
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Plant:
Address : /3f?.,_l_Li_Q±st~. , QKv O
Station No. :
Run No.:
Date:_
_0perators:__
Barometric Pressure:
Ambient Tempera ture:
_Sample Box Number: /
Impinger 1
Final V o 111 m e
Initial Volume /oo
of
Volume collected
Impinggr 2
Final Volume
Initial Vol ume_
Volume collected
_
ml
of
o o
_
ml
Impinger 3
Final Volume_
Initial Volume
Volume collected
_ml of_
_ml
nil
Impinger
Initial Volume
Volume
ml of
Impinger
Final weight y (d' <> gm of Se./
Initial weight (=>'lO.t3^ gm _ /• • ,
Weight collected^ qm ^n'/
Total Volume Collected_
Fijters
No. ^
_9m
ml
J
Final Height
_gm
gm
Tare I-,'eight
gm
gm
1-leight
Collected
gm
gm
Cleanup performed by
-------
Molecular Height Determination
Station Number Vo "2
Method of Analysis: Fryrito X
Orsat
Sample Type: Grab %
Integrated
Run
No.
0
Time
Collected Analyzed
C0
°
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l-
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% against
Signature: _\ ' ^
"5
Date: b / P / ")
Remarks:
-------
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TYPE
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OBSERVER
OBSERVER CEP.TIFICATIO;; DATE_
OBSERVER AFFILIATJCiJ/^/g
POINT OF EMISSIONS ST~AlX
2-
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7 _
CLOC'< TIME
OBSERVER LOCATION
Distance to Discharge
Dircctioa from Discharge
HcicHt of Observation Point
BACKGROUND DESCRIPTIOt!
BATHER CO.XDITIOHS
Kind Direction
Wind Speed
Ar.bicnt Te-pcratura
SKV CO:JDJTIC:IS (dear,
overcast, .» clouds» etc,)
PLU;-:E DESCRIPTIOI!
Color
Distance Visible
OTHER J!lFOa;;AT101t
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-------
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[ST. Doc.74-26110 FUca ll-ll-71;8:«J ta]
RZCHTCX, VOU 3?, NO. 2!9-,TU£5!>AY, KOVLV.ntS 12, 1?74
-------
KECORO OF -VISUAL DtTETOATIOK Of OPACITY PAG"/ of, /,
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TYPE FACILITY/^ ^^/< ^'/- -*""•
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CLOCK TIME
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Distance to Discharge
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-------
LCwUJC"
OBSERVATION RECORD PAGE _/. OF /__
OBSERVES CL'\
OBSERVES V.'W- //. e ss ->K r:<.'jf-
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OBSERVATION RECORD
(Continued) '
OBSERVES
PASS OF_
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;TC^ vcu a?, NO. 219-^TursoAY, NOVU/.BCR n, ;?74
-------
CALIBRATION OF DIGITAL TEMPERATURE INDICATORS
DTI #
MINIMITE # l\l
MINIMITE
READING (°F)
50
60
70
80
90
100
125
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
650
DATE_
NAME
DTI
READING (°F)
fel
81
10
103
|00
MINIMITE
READING (°F)
700
750
800
850
900
950
1000
DTI
READING (°F)
152.
550
-------
Plant
Unit i_
.S|J
Vm - volume of gas metered
P^ - barometric pressure
AH - average orifice pressure
Tm - average meter temperature
^Lc ~ v0^016 °f water collected
C02 - concentration of C0~
02 - concentration of 02
CO - concentration of CO
Cp - Pitot tube coefficient
\JAP -\iaverage velocity pressure
Ts - average stack temperature
Ps - average stack pressure
As - area of the stack
Theta - sample time
An - area of the nozzle
ms - weight collected
H - energy input
-Location
Run No. 3
O
Date £ \ \ ff / 1
C, *-/ .,
; .-£•
/ 1 ,/-/
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) ; "( .3 3
1
in Hg
1 ., ~/ 2_ _ in H?0
°R
ml
%
%
%
in H20
°R
in H?0
2. ^ -/ . y Ft2
/ mi'n-
) , 1 o^ x/ o__ Ft2
*-/. o I 3,1> mg
3
L/ ^ 3 ^ 10G BTU's
-------
A
p ! nnt I/ ^^'^'j^L^jLalil^
Run Ko. T£' <|
Location /)
Date
PARTICUU 'II'.LD DATA
VERY IMPORTANT - FIU. IN ALL BLA.VKS
Rend one] record at the otnrt of
each test point.
Tiir.ai Scare Time /Q /S
End Tlmo
Ambient Tetr.n *F
Bar. Prena. "!!c
Assue.cd Moisture
Probo Tip Ola. In
Pitot Tube Ho.
.0/77
Sample Box Ko._
Heter Box No.
Hctcr A 11 ,
C Factor -"5-
Probo Length/type
Filter No.^?^
Point
n
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3
1
6
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Clock
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Dry C.13
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Dry Can Temp.
'7
Outlet Inlet.
a
-------
(P
Point
C
Clock
-------
PRELIMINARY FIELD DATA
Stack Geometry
Plan-_!:
oJU,
-o
Test No 2_
Location. - ^.-
g
Date £l_i.
A. Dist. fr<"i~ inside of far wall to outside
of near wall, in., = ^ V, L^
B. Uall thickness, in., = ,~L^
Inside diameter of stack =• A—B
Stack Area = T-S H , S \-\^
Comments '
Sketch of stack cross-section
showing sampling holes
Calculations:
^-~V "XV^-O C --- ^_ -yS I l«-t-xt=>
V 0
t -- .
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4-
Calculator
Point
% Dia. for
circular stack
•
List, from outside
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;
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•
i
i
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I
-------
Mo 1 ecular Height Dotorini nation
Station Number
Method of Analysis: Fryrite
Orsat
Sample Type: Grab
Integrated
» 3
Run
No.
Time
Collected Analyzed
CO
°
CO
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w-
h-3
3-3
_/J/0
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&-
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Leak Check:
02 Check
C02 Check
Signature:
Remarks:
• ->
against
O % against
Date
-------
Molecular t/eiqht Determination
Station Number
Method of Analysis: Fryrite
Orsat \/^~^
Sample Type: Grab
^^
Integrated
Run
No.
3" <-
£-
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Time
Collected
Oftt^
i I J
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Joco
(1
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C02
/£.$%
/!.$%
1
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r (*y~ " v /&
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£t] %
£t/%
£
-------
SAMPLE CLEANUP SHEET
Plant:__
Address:
Station
Run No.:
Barometric Pressure: p7/x.
£. _ #_4*£_ ______ __ ___ Da 'te '•
f/.o _______ __ Operators : ___
r &
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-------
CALIBRATION OF DIGITAL TEMPERATURE INDICATORS
DTI # & / DATE_
MINIMITE # <£ NAME
MINIMITE DTI MINIMITE DTI
READING (°F) READING (°F) READING (°F) READING (°F)
50
-------
COMPANY^
LOCATION
TEST Kt'MDER
^3
DATE
TYPE FAcllITf
COIUROL DEVICE
RECORD Of
C?b\.Q
'„ DE7ERNMTIOK OF 0?ACI7?
liC'JRS Or OBSERVATION
Cf
OBSERVER
OBSERVER CEP.TIFICATIOiX gA7£
OSSEilVER AFFILIATICII c?<
POI:;T OF EMISSIQ.'J
[lEIGHT OF DISCI'ARCS FOK1
CLOC'< TIME
OBSERVER LOCATION
Distance to Discharga
Direction from Discharge
Hdchfc of Observation Point
BACKGROUND DESCRIPTION
VZATKER CONDITIONS
Wind Direction
•VMnd Speed
A-r.bicnt T
SKY CONDITIONS (clear,
overcast, % clouds>
,':E DESCRIPTION
Color
Distance Visible
OriiC.1 UIFOfll'ATIOl!
Initial
A/ (/'
so1;-war OF AVERAGE c?Acrry
Start-- End
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Readings ranged
to
The source v.'AS/was not In ccnpliancc v;ith ..
the time evaluation v;as r.ade,
.it
-------
:^A\y &
OBSERYATIOfl RECORD PAGE OF
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KOIJAl KCIJTt^ VOU 39, NO. 219—TUESDAY, NOYIMSIR 12, 1574
-------
COMPANY C
LOCATION
TEST Kl'KEER
DATE
FAC 1 L I T Y
CONTROL DEVICE
£
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-------
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GSSttYATIOH RtCCW ?AC£ OF
(Continued) ' *""""
CGl'PA'i'Y CCS'JIVE^
LOCA1
DATE
llr
ION
TT?c FACILITY
MMSiK POINT or EMISSIWS
"
-------
Plant
Unit
, o -
Vm - volume of gas metered
P, - barometric pressure
AH - average orifice pressure
Tm - average meter temperature
V|_c - volume of v/ater collected
C02 - concentration of C0?
02 - concentration of 02
CO - concentration of CO
Cp - Pitot tube coefficient
AP - average velocity pressure
Ts - average stack temperature
Ps - average stack pressure
As - area of the stack
Theta - sample time
An - area of the nozzle
ms - weight collected
H - energy input
Location
Run No.
O
Date
O-T5r
-------
Plant,
Run Ho.
PARTICL'LA TELD DATA
^RlfIHPORTA.S'r - FILT. IV ALL BLA.VXS
Location
Ope ra to r 5
""
Rend nnd record at the acart of
each test point.
Tlmoi Stare Tltne
End Time
Ambient Temp *F
Bar. Press. "Hg "2.°! . L>
Assumed HoiEture It
Box
O
No. ^-~
Probe rip Dla. In. (_/, / 7.7.
0 ,
Pttot Tube No. 0~l
Xctcr Box No. /
Meter 4 11 /, ~/O
C Factor -•"> . ^ .
Probe Lengtli/type
Filter No.
O
Point
A
7-
Clock
t?
Dry C.ia
hlctcr, CF
i'Xtot
in. II 3 0
4P
.3.0
f?
7
H.
Orifice: t.\(
in HO
Deaired Actual
/•(P
Dry Caa Temp,
•F
Outlet
Inlet
±ZL
97
71
^
L£L
J3-
/.-*--.
96
Sln
Tunip
Vacuum
In. llg
^/o
lir.pinc.cr
Tenp.
•F
T(
Tc rp .
I' robe
Ter.p,
•F
Stack
To np ,
"F
llo
2oJ&&
Stack
Tcnp.
ComracntoI
-------
Point
Clock
Dry Gas
Meter, CF
Pitot
in. H20
AP
Orifice AH
in K20
Desired
Actual
Dry Gas Temp.
°F
Outlet
Inlet
Pump
Vacuun
In. Hg
Impinger
Tenp.
°F
Oven
Ten?.
Probe
Temp.
°F
Stack
Tercp.
°F
Stack
Tetrp.
fv
r
0
1
V3
-c:
3
-z-.o
I
3,5'
ft
^57
-2,0
2.0
_f£
Ho
/r
127
P..-0
ft,
fo
y./r
0
OIL,- "I
,?-?cT. 37
fc-
7
f/
3
"L
f
^3.3
/o
&
f?
ft
71
If-
3/16'
r\
co
-------
PRELIMINARY FIELD DATA
Stack Geometry
C->
Plan.:
"O -Vvlo \
Test No..
Location
Date__i£_
A.
Dist. frn~ Jnside of far wall to outside
of near wall., in., = j ^
B. Wall thickness, in., - _ t /T.
Inside diameter of stack =• A-B I V
Stack Area - l^^^L^-r^
Comments:
Sketch of stack cross-section
showing sampling holes
Calculations:
1 ^)
Calculator
Point
% Dia. for
circular stack
Dist. from outside
of sample port:, in.
j
i
i
i
i
1
i
i
i
t
-------
Molecular Weight Determination
Station Number
Method of Analysis: Fryn'te
Orsat
Sample Type: Grab V
Integrated
Run
No., o.
\.
4-1
IT-\
H~l
f-T.
V-3
Time
Collected
/ '^ / 0
/ 'v, / C
/ O / o
//OD
/7oo
/7oo
i &Vo
I^W 3
' V^/O
Analyzed
C02
; -/, . ^
' V, O
/3,-~>
n.tr
n.^
u.o
\ 1,5-
/ 1.0
\1, 0
°2
— — •» ,
7>
~ . S~
ff
ff
?.v
S.o
ci, o
&.<>"
CO
?•£
Leak Check:_
02 Check
C02 Check
Signature: \ w.-.^
Remarks:
% against
o % against
Date:
-------
Molecular Weight Determination
Station Number /^J^O'^'
Method of Anal
ysis: Fry rite
Orsat ^
Sample Type:
Grab
/ '
Integrated
Run
No.
Time
Collected
4(>f
(
\
,
— . /
Leak Che
02 Check
C02 Check
Signature
Remarks :
7^3^
\
v
ck:
= y
'
(
/
1
1
Analyzed
)£i <4
!
rf$°
/*r$°
,?*
°2
7'Y
7//
73
7,3
7/3
7,2
7,v
7, ./
CO
/
% against //Jnl-^eyJ/'
^~\ ' '
(U % against /','•• : -
tff-L^ <-//&/ -7 -7
i^fW^Uf>V^^7 Date: £?/ / &/ / /
" (
I /o
-------
CALIBRATION OF DIGITAL TEMPERATURE INDICATORS
DTI # / DATE
J2/£g/ZZ
MINIMITE # NAME
MINIMITE DTI MINIMITE DTI
READING (°F) READING (°F) READING (°F) READING (°F)
50 O O 700
60 (&O 750
70 (& 800
80 O/ 850
90
-------
COMPANY
TEST h'l'MuER
DATE
TYPE FACILITY/?.
COIilROL DEVICE
J?
RECORD OF YISU/V, DE7ETOA7IOK CF OPACITY
HOURS Or 03SERVATIQ,1!
03SERVER CEP.TIFICATIOH LV
Q3SEJWER AFFILIATI
OlfiT OF EMISSIONS
HEIGHT OF OISCIWRGE FOIMT
< TIMS
OBSERVER LOCATION
Distance to Discharga.
Dircctton from Discharge
Hcfcht of Observation Poin*:
BACKGRO'JKO DESCRIPTION
MATHER CONDITIONS
Kind Direction
Wind Speed
AnMent Temperature
SKY CONDITION'S (clear,
overcast, % clouds, etc.)
PLL'KE DESCRIPTIOIl
Color
Distance Visible
Initial^
teoe '
,
A' L^-
i
I"*.', 1 K'.
j^j-> 0 A- 1
<--W"-?^ f
/ ~-2 AI r h
'77f-
o^j^.a.<'-A'>\
^
Final
&006*
326'
O r~—
W/ / i 1 / ^""
F
1
1
S'JIWRY OF AVERAGE OPACITY
f _
Sot
Iru-rr.bcr
•Mr-
Start-end
O^icity
_) ^ i-i
Averse
•eadlngs ranged fro.Ti to % opacity
'ho source VMS /was not in ccnp'iancc with _ r &t
:ha tiir.c evaluation v;as ir.ade.
-------
OBSERVATION RECORD PAGE ,./ .OF..7,
Cfaie PC \sseZ. C^ j— --' -^TX/ "*"*"*
L \_wiT ;0 ( £^ /C /^ /^ / x/X' / cv •
TtST n'JX^K /) U f. ' r-f y pfo .'^0^,
>-v\TE ^>//sr'/-f--?
f * r
\ STt/.M
_^S?;c^: Stc^cc1'. U
H-. .'•Hn. | 0 o ];. i "o i MH.iu.'-'.r
TYPE FAClLll
FOI.'IT CF £Ml
"ucl.icfijci
C ^frc^'J x;-i<,-i."j7V> j
1 j/X xL>" '^S~\'7-O
\ c '707C1 ,^f,' (^f!
! j yo i p C i<>,v" 5~_5'
c fTC'' jr '_•• i a- oi ^-5"
| 5 IC-51 6 <".; J',' 1 7< 1
i 6 [^ t^iV^^Js'i
7 iVj-" £••>) V"1-' ^
i p ("c- s^'-Txts-'^
I «• ^•>7i-'-7jr
11 i^jji v*"iijj> ly^i'-'-
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j_^ r^i?; 2^i -7J?!-/tT} ^ *~~
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•
H-'-^'r' 7_*'^-^j5"'7 7"
! ILife^r-^ ^
'-fM^^ri^
i '.•< :
-------
Riant ^-^.J^. 5 -TJ*^ ,OAv.0 Location 1 VJUi^/" ,^-A^,
Unit 1 -^
/ /
C, 1 . 1 ( Ft3
Z^'^V in Hg
i , -^. ^ in H00
^T ^"S. ( °R
I -i- 1 . "L ml
/ 7 7^ °
O %
, 7?o
1 , (o^"V in H00
^0 f, ( °R
•L^,^ in H00
2_^H.-^ Ft2
P^/ min.
} O DS f ' ^ Ft2
'i ' ° 1 A /^5 ~ I,
3V C, ^" I.'S' mg
H u( ^H 10G BTU'S
-------
PRELIMINARY FIELD DATA
Stack Geometry
Plan.:
Test No U
Location v—^--
Date r^—i
A. Dist. f-cn-. inside of far wall to outside
of near wall., iri. , = /,y,.)o
B. Wall thickr. ==.-»,
O
Inside diameter of stack -- A-1
Stack Area = ?_ S V, ^-\"| ^
Comments: v_7~;. 2_ Q
Sketch of stack cross-section
showing sampling holes
I.
^—A")
Calculations :
- 0
S , i 5>-^
C/-cjvx—^oA^v
~-» '-~
Calculator ( ( 0
Point
\
7-
3
M
s:
b
")
% Dia. for
circular stack
1.5?
$,-1
Y^
«
I ef Cr
^-o, (
-Uo . S
3V.,,V
Dist. frorn outside
of sample -port. in.
.;
O.'Vi- ' f s^O - 4tl'
i o^'-t-'io-- i.n
} ~\ V ' 4 V* -- i.cV
^C3» 4.7o^.«i^
/ 1
3.. ^^ U,3 o- 3^S^
r
( *-<^ ( - T C> - r vs '
b • .b ) -1 < -5 w b . b 7 i
(
1
-------
/' / /
Plant '.->"-•' .->A / '^--r
Run No.
/
Location
/
PARTI CUL/ 1ELD DATA
VERY THTO!ITA.'4T - FIU. IN ALL BtJtf.'KS
Rend nn i / ~? 7
Pitot Tube Nc. *? • /
Sample Box No. '
Meter Dox No. ^<
Probe Longth/typ
Filter No. tf?V
Keter a 11 / f 7 O
C Factor
Folnt
*1
6
5
u
^
a
1
£r
1
I'
5
q
•>,
2
/
?-.?«.-
*z>i
Clock
O
H
£
'"(
3
s
I £
A 1
0
•*>
G
<\
P
c^
/ v
P. /
Dry Caa
Meter, CF
j _ ='I
?,;£•. "I I
'V'X.ltM
^l^,/0
4. 1 ? •• ?•>>
^15-i-S
3H..O
•?.n.5J'
•^I'i.y.'
3?J>oi
*u. .'y
^:,/ -
[5gi'.«Y
aa i ,J^
??&•'&
Pitot
in. H.O
i?
3-o
3- ~^c
3.i^
«? ^^
•>,ro
;<,«'
i . V/,
(.^
^ r c.
3 ' £'<•''
•>
_^./f-
^'••r^
A?-,?C7
.y
Q^-j— S
•»«.OLt'- o.CMrf
Orifice iH
in 1!20
Desired
1 ~l^
)•&
L'3CJ
j.cc
1,1,0
/, 7.--
! , or-
1^4 '•/:<
Actual
1 "/'.-
i
•W
'iiS
,v;c-
•'/<&
/7c
,,,,v/
^v', y.
I.'/OI
}-lo\
•7<^
r/o
\ .'/is! !/7o
f.'/t. i/-7c>
((;.£
/'£€
/,/<.'
/. 6c
/^
/•/*
Dry Can Tump,
°F
Outlet
C\ °
_3f-
cl-
<-/3
C1'^
cl-l.
Lll
^L,U
1'.-
C7(-
fn
rit
"i'(V
''•/k
Inlet
°N
CP
fll
4") 4
'?(^
77
V'>
<%ll
cr/
/,'iC?
Ice
10 I
/o/
J/6 ! /o(
Punp
Vacuum
In. 1!S
^,t)
3 --•
~J
"S'O
'^c
3 .- o
"7
X -f?.,-.
z-o
^
^^0
3 , o
> ' fj
S-^
JZ.
Inpingcr
Temp.
*F
C/-P
,-,cx
•^C
S"7
8;1
•jjl
C7o
•s,-ACi>
q-/
"f/,
^/V
c]i
cit
"7-2
v, ^
Oven
Terep.
"F
,7-57.
^~^-
iiiii..,
^cs;
^
u'^' c
:rvA
^"7
J't'J
1-/0
"•'/i
^ */ c>
.3*j^~f
Probe
Temp.
*F
,7^
JS,
:i:<-
;6.l
,?ts
;?C5
• '•\rt
•J.;o
7.^-2
-''/i
7 $
^,Cf/
X" ^ '
f^^
^5
f»;
ro?
n &i
76?
i
o
7
7
/
/
Comaencs:
-------
1M3S
Point
Clock
Dry Gas
Meter, CF
143^ . o )
Pitot
in. H70
AP
Orifice AH
in H20
Desired
Actual
Dry Gas Temp.
°F
Outlet
Inlet
Pump
Vac-uuni
Irnpinger
Temp;
°F
Oven
Temp.
Probe
Te-Dp.
Stack
Tenp.
Stack
Tecrp.
•"7o
|co
L,
3 •
5"
7o
/O'O
. 'CO
-7o
0
IS
Cc
:«>
'- o
i-o
O
n.
/o
6
V ?C
s
/w
V.c
?.
-------
Molecular Weight Determination
Station Number
K
Method of Analysis: Fryrite
Orsat
Sample Type: Grab *^
Integrated
Run
No.
Tim
Collected Analyzed
C0
°
CO
^_L
1- 1
ly/o
/ 5"^'
/ r '
Leak Check:
02 Check
C02 Check
Signature:_
Remarks:
O
against
against
^(•i //--<£<, /?7?
-------
Molecular Weight Determination
Station Number
K ,. .. .
Method of Analysis: Fryrite
Orsat v/
Sample Type: Grab
s
Integrated
Run
,
I
/
1
I
i
1
I
I
Time
Collected
\m>o
i^oo
1 4 o t>
1^00
mo
(Mo?
Analyzed
IMAO
_W^^
K-^T-
IM^
14^
\ l( 2G?
C02
II. M
K.4
IJ.M
11. ^
If 4
U-4
1^
°2
/ M
**^*7 v^
1 ;<
1.^
l.^
1.^
CO
Leak Check: O\^-
02 Check
C02 Check
Signature
/•^ 1
^^^
% against A>M. bllrpl
O % against (\tA b\.G"/O T'
: l/)l.v£u /^ A^/v*^--^' Date: 7-O fr\f\V Ktl?
/iV(-.
Remarks:
-------
SAMPLE CLEANUP SHEET
Plant: C/\gd/A)f\L, ?6i»
Address : S£P//y//?/t/7~ o^
Station No.: Jg'o^_,_
Run No. : -jpr ^JT~L
Barometric Pressure:
Impinger 1
Final Volume
Initial Volume
Volume collected
Impinger 2
Final Volume
Initial Volume
Volume collected
Impinqer 3
Final Volume
Initial Volume
Volume collected
Impinger
Final VoTurne — — ^.
Initial Vo1ume__^
Vol ume col 1 ect^u
Impinger
Final weight '
Initial weight ^
Weight collected
Total Volume Collected
ml
ml Of frifTY
"ml
^. ^^ ml of
/^"^-^ ml
"^rK^,
7£S,*J qm of Sc/ &£[
10^,5 qm
40? .£ gm
\2UOCL ml
Mo.
Filters
Final Vfeight
gm
gm
Cleanup performed by_
Tare Vleght
Weight
Collected
_gm
gm
on S/st/77
-------
CALIBRATION OF DIGITAL TEMPERATURE INDICATORS
DTI #
/
MINIMITE £
•" (
DATE_
NAME
7*
MINIMITE
READING (°F)
50
60
70
80
90
100
125
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
650
DTI
READING (°F)
MINIMITE
READING (°F)
700
7bO
800
850
900
950
1000
DTI
READING (°F)
-------
COV.?AKY_ cn>•./,;...,,_.r ,./»
TEST NUMBER /?v,..,, f
DATE
I
TYPf: FACILITY
CONTROL DEVICE
RECOH3 OF VISIW, DE7EOTATIOK Of OPACITY
HOURS OF OBSERVATIOJI
OBSERVER
OaSLRVER CEP.TIFICATlOii DATE /<.-,./ S. ./5,77
OSSEi'vVER, AFFILIATIC:! A^'/^Tc. - F/A
POIliT OF EMISSIONS 5/^
/
HEIGHT OF OISCIWflGE POINT
/? ^
CLOCK TIME
OBSERVER LOCATION
Distance to Discharge
Direction from Discharge
Keicht cf Observation Point
BACKGROUND DESCRIPTION
MATHER CONDITIONS
Kind Direction
VMnd Speed
Anbient Temperature if:
SKY CO;IDITIO:;S (clear*
overcast, % clou etc.)
PLl'.1-*-DESCRIPTION
Color
Distance Visible
OTHER IIIFOMUIOII
Initial
*£$
fi&£
3«*£j
5^
£&/H1
<:«/„
K5
(L/^O^T^
> //«-.'/?
- ^
^^v,
Fir.il
• ^ *$/o
J.SlfiC)
<> Uj
^n-j^lv-l
s£y
Ca/W
r / ^
V^
C ')
^;lx
>/»iu
^^
f
1
1
SUMMARY OF AVERAGE OPACITY
— ..... .. - - - -
• Sot
( '( ir-i *~\f\ V*
I A VH 1 >JC t
•r^«
Start— End
Ooacity
Sun j/.vcrcgc
leadings ranged from to £ epic
"he source Ms/was not to ccr.plianca vU
Lhc tiir.a evaluation v;as jr.ade.
h At
-------
OBSERVATION RECORD
PAGE 7 OF
4 "7
ODSERVER y.t/'-SS^-
LCw'.TIG't ji,.'/..-. . • r , -''A. TYPE FAClllI Y />"•-' '>- 'f/'TT'^./
KST U'jy.iLK . /....-^i -..y.-'/- '..'-'^-^•'••F^n.'iT CF E.'-ilSSloiir"-)?-..>/ / - sv^.»
PAT: r;/ j. .? / ? 7
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f
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I . . ; .
1.. .
I'LUSt
^illJc.Tb^
CCMI-'.iNTS
OBSERVATION RECORD
(Continued)
PAGE OF
COMPLY
IOCATIOM~~
US7 ll'JX.DU
DATE
TYPE rACii rry
poniT or ctt
!lr.
Kt.!C»'?D
CO.' !•'•'.! NTS
[PP. Doc.74-20110 Filed il-1 !-•;•{;0:4S
sAt wci$7:z, VOL 39, NO. SW-^TUISDAY, NOVZ,V,DER i:( *,
-------
UECO^O OF-VISUAL. D~TEP;mv\TIOf{ Of OPACITY
p»/»7
I nu ^
r & /
CCMPAKY C-., /,...,' (• <;/,-/:.•„ (
LOCATION ^'>,M,;..-f ra,',,
TEST NUX2ER "P, 0 | ^ •/.,,<,- 1 al^~ <-'<-^<.v
DATE ciSz.fi -,7
TYPE FACH.1T/ Tk^r.. r/o'-'-A
CONTROL DEVICE .f^SP
CIO« TIME
OGS'-.VER LOCATION
Di::ance to Discharge
"Direct ion frott Dischorga
Height of Observation Point
BACKGROUND DESCRIPTIOfl
BATHER CONDITIONS
Kind Direction
Kind Speed
Anblent Temperature;
SKY CC;JDITIO:;S (clear*
overcast, % doucis» etc.^
PLUX; DESCRIPTION
Color
Distance Yisibla
HOURS
Or OBSERVATION /-
OBSERVER '-fy/(4'~"//":f,.. ,
-<•„ 03SER
^^v-,c,s Rv,vv^,/ 03SE;i
^ <^ V^'*! ^{'rjrr c>\ j o^ T CT
<~ / | / IV 1 "V 1
o^o'r^ H£iGi1
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Initial
A?"^v^r
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^//
r>-^
r, f.
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Vtn^CEPJlFICATlOri DAT:
;ER AFF ILIATICI! /-4^-
; ./ //,,,j ^ y^-7>
Z? I & r')}
OF EMISSIONS S/ir I 5>W,^ cS^ I
T OF DISCHARGE FOI,r{T F?,.^, fr
SUM/ARY OF AVERAGE OPACITY
Sot
Number
,
•Mr«
Stort--End
Oojci ty
S'jn j /.vcrige
i j _ , ,,
1
1
leadings ranged fro.T to X cpacii.y
'he source vws/was not in ccnplicncc with . At
:hc ti,T,n evaluation was r.adc.
-------
CCV?AVY C--l^
LCC/.7
IC'i )<•,,.,
.••JXSL*
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/ /
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0 '.SVJ
1 ]
•(
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^
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i 3
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OBSERVATION RECO?.3
^T"5-f^. ODS^VT?. ///
'T ^-L •';•
•" i£ • i <. ' JTT „ 1.
cc-.^
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SSlOlib .S/^ri- /LJ?)(.-|M>
CC'T-'ITS
—
,
\
COMPANY
LOCATION
CCSERYATICIt RECORD PA5E OF
(Continued)
casravc*
TTr" fACILllV
'CST ll'JXSli; POli'lT CF £H;SSJO;^
3ATE
Hr.
Kfn'.'hr
20
31
?-?
J3 !
:<-i .
j'.>
3 'j
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JM
.'19
—
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-/i 'j
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—
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(cSrcV. (T ,ir.r
-------
Plant p._^_ Co ,
Unit \ . ^ (- Jd^_ oV^l
Vm - volume of gas metered
PL - barometric pressure
AH - average orifice pressure
Tm - average meter temperature
V|_ - volume of water collected
Location lS^Jijo^___^T rjA^A
>
Run No. ~L Date ?5/-L^>}~n
j
— v_J «T~ Si-3 r-j_ ^?
c> 5 -^ o r t°
"^S ,-*S" V in Hg
l.H->> in H00
^-•L,!^ | ^ °R
) "L • o , ~~L- ml
C02 - concentration of C02
02 - concentration of 02
CO - concentration of CO
Cr, - Pitot tube coefficient
\|AP -\|average velocity pressure
Ts - average stack temperature
Ps - average stack pressure
As - area of the stack
Theta - sample time
An - area of the nozzle
ms - v/eight collected
H - energy input
/O,
o
" Y
in HpU
°R
in H20
Ft2
min.
Ft2
mg
106 BTU's
-------
Plan;
C.
Hurt No.
Location
Da t e
Filter Ko.
6
C/C £>,oa 7
''
Point
•7
Clock
D
4
-*>
2-
.z
5
4
3
Dry C.ia
Meter, CF
ZS-t.31
177. 1(-
r/Y.s» .2,
I'itot
in. !i,0
AP
2 ,(.-.(•>
2,'io
7
g 159?.
2 ' ^
Orifice AH
in HO
Desired
Actual
A3
/, '/£?
/,
/,
h
;,-/£ I/'-A-'
'•6^ \/,Ui
1,10 /'ID
Dry Gao Tcnp.
°F
Outlet Inlet
Pur.p
Vncuutn
In. IIS
^L
Irpingcr
Te^ip .
•F
79
Oven
Terp.
frobe
Temp.
'F
Stack.
Temp .
•F
l^i-
L-c
Stack
Tcirp.
°F
(•F+460)
Comcnca :
-------
Point
Clock
Dry Ga3
Meter, CF
Pitot
in. H-O
AP
Orifice AH
in 1I20
Desired
Actual
Dry Can Tcrr.p.
Outlet
Inlet
Pump
Vacuum
In. Hg
Icpinger
Temp.
°F
Oven
Ter.p.
°F
Probe
Ter^p.
°F
Stack
Tcnp.
°F
Stack.
Tcsrp.
°F
(8F+460)
7
3
X 1
5, 0
4
A (T- o
7?
££7 2.'i\
/z,
, 6,0
55"?
3
-77
Z
u/
ino
32^
o
3, -
L
3. o
*=)
H i ^.o
3-0
3 '00
s-t
3
L
(5
T, T-
2.V7
iV
l^ H
-------
PRELIMINARY FIELD DATA
Stack GoOTTIr-1ry
o.
Test No..
Location
Date
A. Dist. fro;?: Jnstde of far wall to outside
of near wall, yn., = I vf , 3
Wall thickness, iru, =
. . . /
. 3 o
Inside diameter of stack - A-B I
-------
Molecular Weight Determination
Station Number
Method of Analysis: Fryrite V_
Orsat
Sample Type: Grab y
Integrated __
Run
No.
2-1
2-(
Z~(
i-L
^^
TS-I.
Time
Collected
\^l^
/ V2 o
1 Y?- •=>
|C|3o
)^3-~o
i«i3o
Analyzed
C02
^,5""
^.S"
vs-
/^ s
/ o/S
> 0' 5^
°2
\V.o
H, o
; o^s^
/o/ ^~
/o^ 5"
//^ / -fT
CO
Leak Check:
02 Check 1Q'
C02 Check
% against
O
% against
Signature:
Remarks:
pate:
-------
Molecular Weight Determination
Station Number
\
"L.
Method of Analysis: Fryrite
Orsat
Sample Type: Grab \/_
Integrated
Run
NcVi
fc
*
7-
-2-
2-
^
0.
-L
2-
Time
Collected
Analyzed
was-
«06-
(V-7
R
-------
SAMPLE CLEANUP SHEET
Plant:
Address:
Station No.
Run Mo.:
Barometric Pressure:
Date:
Operators:__
_Arnbient Tempera tu re:_
_Sarnple Box Number:
Impinger 1
Final Volume
Initial Volume
Volume collec.ted_
jjTjping_er 2
Final Voluin
Initial Volume
Volume collected
Impinger_3
Final Volume
Initial Volume
Volume collected
jul of
_ml
ml
ml of
ml
jYnpinger
of
Initial Volume
Volume collected/^
_
ml
Impinger
Final weight 7.52.
Initial weight
Weight col lected__.<
_gm of
_gm
_gni
Total Volume Collected I1- '"''ml
Filters
No.
/3y ml of <->s<.?~ /v2-^
! /6O
;ed 3
-------
o
CALIBRATION OF DIGITAL TEMPERATURE INDICATORS
DTI # ¥*• 1
MINIMITE # ^ /
MINIMITE DTI
READING (°F) READING (°F)
50 577
60 h 0
70 7/
80 %Q
90 70
100 / £-0
125 /^7
150 ^o
200 / 9 9
250 ^Z^'C5
300 5"
-------
RECORD OF YTS'JA', DETE?;-::.'{ATIOK Of OpACITV
COKPAIIY 6-r./w^ /ha-xi
LOCATICN/^/^/^^r- , c/4> O
TEST KUXCER Z HJk~^.ci$o(
DATE -£o frM-V 7?
TYPE FACILITY fa^&Z- StA^r
COiHROL DEVICE <^,SP
CLOCK T IKS
OBSERVER LOCATION
Direction frcn Discharge
Height of Observation Point
BACKGROUND DESCRIPTION
KEATKER CO:;OITIO:{S
Kind Direction
Wind Speed
Anbicnt Te»,peraturi
SKY cc;)DiTio:;s (dcar»
overcast, % cloudSi etc,)
?LU;',E DESCRIPTIOH
Color
Distance Visible
OTIIEU UIFOill'ATlOll
- ry-pj
u^
/ f f>
(^.•D -t
HOURS
Or OBSERVATIOJI /^2 - ?z^ /7KS"- ^
03SE.1VER -S. M. AJ&M&IL.
/ OS5KVER CEP.TIFICATIO:! [ATE
/
M
Initial
1OOO
u3
f^P^j|3
O. (_,.^
U)
G^D
4^V
M/uiJ?
-2^73
6^°
c^
^/L^V
^PltoJ>
jT/^
^ OQSEiWER AFFILIATICIl e./?/)
POIliT
r^e^)
Or EHISSIOIIS 5rA-o^_
P ^ HEIGHT OF OISCl'/»RG£ FOIMT %Z^ '
r\yf
P
1
1
SUMY OF AVERAGE OPACITY
Sot
liurr.bcr
Tir/'
Start-- End
Caacity
S-j.-n j/.vcrcgc
1
1
leadings ranged from to £ epacit.y
'he source v/as/was not in ccr.pl iancc with ><-—. it
;hc tJ/na evaluation v;as ir.ade.
D
-------
OBSERVATION RECORD
PAGE Or
LCCATICV
TIST li-yXSlft' '' ~~~
PATE iQ m/\Y 7?
TYPE FAC 11 11 Y
FOI:;T CF EMI
GCSWATTQK RECOw)
(Continued}
FACE OF
COM?A\'Y
lOC.VnOM
TEST II'JM
DATE
OBSERVE*
r AC III TV
POINT OF £f.IS3lO;ir
Mr.
I '7
i7
•('?•
)1
i 7
i 7
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n
i?
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.
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i.'i:UCh?fl
__.
CO'r-l-!-:?'TS
"
Doc.74-2SliO FUcU U-ll-7-;;a:4i
KCUTER, vou 39, NO. 21?—-TUESDAY; NOVLV.BK 12, 1974
-------
n. ,.
Riant
Unit
- volume of gas metered
P. - barometric pressure
AH - average orifice pressure
Tm - average meter temperature
Vic - volume of water collected
C0£ - concentration of CO-
Op - concentration of 0^
CO - concentration of CO
Cp - Pitot tube coefficient
\|AP -^average velocity pressure
Ts - average stack temperature
Ps - average stack pressure
As - area of the stack
Theta - sample time
An - area of the nozzle
ms - weight collected
H - energy input
Location
Run No. 3
-
r 4-
c^-Jr
Date S")
i
i
C.Q.
-S -5T I . )
U.I-
» V
O
- °1
, ~*-- vf
7_ S" ^{.
Ft3
^- °?^.^^- in Hg
) . (D 3 in 1^
°R
ml
%
n
°R
in H
Ft2
min.
"
{ ,"> oS XJD" Ft2
3> ^ S~^ -^ . ^- mg
"-I, D ^^ 106 BTU'S
-------
Plant
I>At>TrCL'L/i JEID DATA
VERY IM^P'ANT - FILT/ IN ALL BL/WXS
Ambient Ten? *F \ ' Cj
Run Ko.
/ ->
?>' J
Location
Data >
Read and record ot the start of
each test point.
Time: Start Tlrr.a _
Bar. Presa. "Hg
Operate
<-.<• ~<-."
End
Titne // /-/
Assumed Moisture %
Probe Tip Dia. In._
Pitot Tube No. 6 ' (
'/ 7 7
Saciplc Box No.
Meter Box No._
Meter h \\ ^
C Factor <
Probe Length/ type
Filter Ko.f?7 .
' /' £>
fM-D
Point
H
2-
Clock
O
'
Dry Cns
Merer, CF
-
\ .3
'0
O
.3
J
-
•
Pitot
in. H-0
AP
3.0
^L
Orifice
in H20
Dcaircd Actual
LI
A "7
1-1
Dry Cao Tcnp.
O
Outlet Inlet
5-3
sj '
t///<. 7:
^iiL
V^r. 17
-33
^_
y '.I
. o/
/.r
-7
/-G,
Pump
Vacuum
In. HS
3.0
3.0
3-0
3.0
Temp.
°
7
^
77
Ovan
Ten-.?.
Probe
TCT.p,
CJ,
Stack
Ten-.? .
C$3
-------
0
Cj/o 6
-------
PRELIMINARY FIELD DATA
Stack Geometry
Plan..
Test No ^_
Location "^
Date i>./J^.
c
h
A. Dist. frnr: Jnsidc of far wall to out_?ldr
of near wall, ifi., = ( X . .1 ^- '
B. Vail thickness,
Inside diameter of stack - A-B ' V
Stack Area = -?. S" S . S 'J'
Comments: '^- ^^^ ^\^,-^ { \ p
Sketch of stack cross-section
showing sampling holes
Calculations:
Calculator
Point
% Dia. for
circular stack
Dist. from outside
of sample port. in.
- i
|
i
i
i
-------
0
Station Number
Molecular Weight Determination
0
Method of Analysis: Fryrite ^-"'~
Orsat
Sample Type: Grab
Integrated
J
3'
3-
3~
V
Run
JV
>-/
W
*-.?
-2
^
?
-s
7
Time
Collected
&T/&
-.
\r
0?35~
u
„
A7.; •/-
i-
^
Analyzed
^/A
't
*•
O/.^ 7
I
^
/°*1
I.
^
^^
?.f
?<^
9-6^
7,£
i<
/)' ' O O
$'°
$•&
0._
?
/(,£
ii.f
//•f
n^
ff~^
// **
/J-«
CO
Leak Check: QA
Op Check Z)-i _
% against r/n
^r
C02 Check
Signature:
O
% against
Date
Remarks:
-------
_.
5
Molecular Weight Determination
Station Number
£}<&Ol
Method of Analysis: Fryrite
Orsat >
C02
/O.O
7,^
/o.o
fO-O
/O.Q
V.a.
IO-&
10. O
(0,0
°2
g.C,
3.*
*.<,
2,.^
O * ^o
TJ * ^>
g,y
K > ^y
S-.fc
CO
£«*
Leak Check:
°2 check
C02 Check f)
Signature:
Remarks:
_% against
against
-------
SAMPLE CLEANUP SHEET
P1 a n t:_^ Q_&£>j±H*z_
Address: ft? i,.
_
Stati on No. :_£XSLCJ
Run No. :_ ff ^ ~
Barometric Pressure:
OperaTors .J/l
_ Ambient Temperature: ^
_Sample Box Number: /
Impinger 1
Final Volume
ml of SNSTiu.gk i-L 0
Ini tial Volume j o O
Volume collected %Q
Impinqer 2
Final Volume 13-3
Initial Volume (op
Volume collected 3-^3
Impinqer 3
Final Volume
Initial Volume EmP~'
Volume collected
Impinges
Final Vol ume"^^..^ <^-
lmtial_\LcLlu:ffi^~~^'^^
ml
ml
ml ofOiS-Kc£{^ |4 O
ml
ml
ml of e/v>pTV
V ml
ml
-^ '" ml of
^ ml
Ve^hnffe^collected "^-—n^l
Impinqer
Final v/eight Y$/.>
Initial weight r^'ff.t
Weight collected 2 3..
Total Volume Collected 1
-> qm
o gm
\^>S ml
No.
Filters^
Final Weight
gm
gm
Cleanup performed by__
Height
Collected
-------
TEST Kvl-
DATE_-^~
TYPE FACILITY^
CONTROL C£
6\
,. # ./. fe
Of-VISUAL DETLWiyYflOK OF 0?AClT\'
HC'JRS OF
OBSERVER
->t
00SERVER CERTIFICATION DATE
03S&WER AFFILIATIC!'
PC HIT OF EMISSIONS
HEIGHT OF
!AlGi POINT
• Sot
'^iur-.bcr
city
Readings ranged fro.r,
to
'4 cpccivy
The source VMS/WIS not in ccnpHancc with ,_
the tirr.c evaluation v;is rr.ade,
.at
-------
CALIBRATION OF DIGITAL TEMPERATURE INDICATORS
DTI £ / DATE //Av/^/ /?77
MINIMITE # / NAME_
MINIMITE DTI MINIMITE DTI
READING (°F) READING (°F) READING (°F) READING (°F)
50 -f & 700
60 61 750
70 'f) 800
80 cf ^"; 850
90 Y & 900
100 ^o'O 950
125 .-^ 1000
150 s-^
200 ^ o o
250 .-^
300 ^0
350 3,
400 j5>
450 V
500 £~
550
600
650
-------
4-.
LOCATION _P>
TEST K'JKE- R fft;jLf#~?
DAT C -5/
TYPE FAClL
COIiTROL DEVICE
RECORD OF VISlVl,
. - Vf
Of 0?ACITV
PAG" / cf
1'A'm^ A** A^^^M" VTAtf
hCuto Or Oo-icKwuIOiJ
OBSERVER
IV c P. CERTIFICATION OAT
OBSERVER AFFILIATION^:
POINT OF EMISSIONS ^TA
HEIGHT OF DISCI'ARGE FOKiT
• / /
^ TIKE
OBSERVER LOCATION
Distance to Discharge
"Direction from Discharge
Hcfcht cf Observation Point
BACKGROUND DESCRlPTIOfl
R CONDITIONS
Kind Direction
Vllnd Speed
Ar.blcnt Te-pcraturs
SKY CONDITIONS (clear,
overcast, '!,. clouds,
PLL'l-'-c DESCRIPTION
Color
Distance Visible
OTHEK IJJFORI'ATIOll
Initial
Firal
Set
N'u~.bcr
Or AVtRAGt OPACITY
Start-End
leadings ranged
to '/i opacti.y
The source v;,\s/vas ;-,ot in ccr.pliance with ..
the tiir.c evaluation v/as r.ade,
.it
-------
'•Y);0 PI"/
:CV?A\Y £jif?D^///\L
IL^r'
J'-
'f%
,'.'.,.
0
1 1
— f_
£
1 0
1 !;
?
F
I0/
/r
v
— •— *
.fe
r"^--'
r^-,1
^;
^"-^_
^* -s
LL.(
.//•'
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4-^
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^ A'
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7
i£
OESERYAT
z.
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/ #6$-f*t
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/->' 2i,-
zD\&2.
T..> i •?• -r
y L
'/S'
^C-
7^
-X — .
~< 5
b?D
JOf! RECORD
ODSCRVES^
POlflT cV'tHl
SU/.M •LU/.E
1
7^1
!_-^r
i ^ •>
i "•'•
( t(>
;;•
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i_j?
<.' J
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29
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"7_J^
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rr^
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<•*""'•
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-> '-.' ••
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^6"1-
. . ...
- ,- ,
-
PAGE: ../..OF,/.,
-<- V' /S^SS. '/ j^sl -v<-^
f />/<^A> <
36
3;
.I1!
~>!ij~
•ii
1 1
'j3
J 't
bS
0(J
67
f,o
IT
—
—
59 1
Seconds
11 'J 'ill
~
/cHncIL'if JSlc^lcLl
Aiiiiciicd
i.'t?ti3C''?a
i
.
ro:v,-:;TS
1
4. . • . -
1
1
I
•)
[FP, Do;.
RECISTCR, VOL o?( no. SIO-^TUISDAY, Novwcrn 12, 1974
-------
•Plant
unit
JL
S'i,
o V O I
Vm - volume of gas metered
P. - barometric pressure
AH - average orifice pressure
Tm - average meter temperature
VLc - volume of water collected
C02 - concentration of C02
02 - concentration of $2
CO - concentration of CO
Cp - Pitot tube coefficient
V AP -yaverage velocity pressure
Ts - average stack temperature
Ps - average stack pressure
As - area of the stack
Theta - sample time
An - area of the nozzle
ms - weight collected
H - energy input
Location
Run No. H
Date
O-
--5
s.v
Ft3
in Hg
in H2
°R
"ml
in H20
°R
1. *i ,a 1- in H20
-------
OBSERVATION KECCRD PAGE / OF
TEST .'iv'Xijt
f)v^-
TY?£ FAC1CTT7
'r? I.
POl.'lT CF WlSSJWb
I'r.
1
'.'.'.n.
rj
1
<•
3
«
0
• 'j
7
P
r
- 1'J
i 1
1 '.'
1;
H
lb
1 ?
1 5
:li
... r-, -
'c 'j
^
?-
I-'j
f n
?^
?H
'^?
l!_l ° ; ^j""1^
J751'7C-J-7^J2£
tXiJ2^> 7^^' -~y-_;
X,i"! J' -5 I ^''c- 1 "~iO
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/iA *_•(-( £•>•> L/
LOCAf
TEST
DATE
llr,
'
ION
ii'JXSU
l«n.
30
21
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Continued)
(chrc'< 1C
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POIfiT OF EK!
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CO:'.'-'[';TS
-
ra, vou c?, NO. 2i9-,7U2sDAY, NOVLV.BIR 12,
-------
Plant _ Ca '..-<'-.-.A ? 5-/0-
-IELD BATA
VERY irSPORT/WT - FILL IN ALL BLANKS
fiJL
Ambient Temp "F
Az
Run No. T
Location Sj* r /( I ~ O F 0 \
Date 5"/Z//77
' '"x^/>-/" - VJ°1^
Operator^ y'v- VA.*.C 0 -r^-^-l— 1 O.Si^-<_
^ 1 } ^
Sanple Box No. /-»
Read and record nt the ntart of
each test point.
Time: Start Tine l~3s ^2, ^
y E.dT
Keter Box No. / cJki- JLi
ime
Bar. Press
"He ^9V? o
Asaumerf Moisture
x / - Z/V)
5/0 .r<
512. ?z-
i"/ '7~rN'.r
r/7 ^
^11 5^'
Pitot
in. 11,0
AP
°-2.1
2..V
i.V
---2..1
rt.v
r.is-
' 1 . -{ 0
? ,<=i
3 -0
^ /
3 2?
I, .7,0
>.(?fr
Orifice All
In !120
Dcnircd
/.to
>-s-{
;,SY
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1,41^
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1 , v( 0
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Dry Cno Tctnp.
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°'Y
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m
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^n
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s.s-
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5".S"
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^ -r
C 6
<^.fc
Itr.pinger
Temp.
S (
s v
Vy-5-
^T
•8S
Sk"i
S3
~?~
^
.,
^0
Oven
iVli.
2^0
l^'l
IS"!
ZCo
2s v
1-,-b-
Probe
Tc^.;> .
2.6 /
1^2.
2- 'd" ^
2'i"3
Stack
Tc~P.
"F
.?W
3Y3
3V/
j) "( 0
2 ^ 4 1 V ~
2'i'il T3S
1^
li
!
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^
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2/-.rv
3'V
^ »- •;
;/ b' 2.
MS
^•;_ 3M^
Stack
Tei-p .
CF4-/.60)
-------
PRELIMINARY FIELD DATA
Stack Geometry
Plan-.
Test No..
Location
Date
(
A. Dist. frnrr: Jnstde of far wall to outsidr
of near wall, in., = i V.Q ^ v
B. Wall thickness, in.,
-> >
Inside diameter of stack - A-B ? ^
tltack Area = "L *ST *1, .'b .^^
Comments: ,s .>jj_ ^ . I
Sketch of stack cross-section
showing sampling holes
Calculations:
Ji
Calculator
Point
% Dia. for
circular stack
Dist. from outside
of sample port. in.
i
i
1
i
i
I
I
I
1
-------
Molecular Weight Determination
Station Number
Method of Analysis: Fryrite V
Orsat
Sample Type: Grab V
.;jr~^
Integrated ;
Run
No.
Y-/
V-|
V-'
U-7.
V~i
V--L
^
<-3
i-^
Time
Collected
!<>' > -
j s~| o
. S7 o
li. oo
/(Y OO
H o o
/V- ^'^
/<£ _-5'^
/^ 5"^
Analyzed
C02
) G, -5"
II. 5
ii.O
/o.S
/o.-r
^ ', 0
//, 5
A 5-
f/,5
°2
^^S
^r
s,^
s, 5"
s. r
/^ . o
/^?/ s
s#>5
/&> £
CO
J- A-
C)
Leak Check:
02 Check 2.0.S"
C02 Check
Signature:
Remarks:
O
against »
against o-
J
Date
-------
Point
7
Clock.
Dry Gas
Meter, CP
Pitot
in. H-0
Orifice AH
in H20
Desired
Actual
Dry Ga3 Temp.
op
Outlet
9
Inlet
0"O
Vacuum
In. llg
:? in go r
Temp'.
°F
C\
Oven
Temp.
°F
Probe
Temp
°F
Stack
Teir:p .
°F
Stack
Tesrp .
52. 5,9 ?
3,1
1,1 u
99
?
5"
4
Z
7
3,1
I. 7 a
97
3>o
t.tf
7..
1 Ho
5*3
/
3
7
/o
266
355-
99
257
7
3
/ / £ 5
// 6 5"
I'O
,0
9?
353
2-. / 5
/ / 7 5
/,-7'J
5-
5
I'D 3
73
Z7C
5'-f 4
9/
I ,oo
f,(rO
1*1
9z
1 ,00
93
Comments:
,f & 7 /
*'
ot
-------
SAMPLE: CLEANUP SHEET
Address: /;.', - //_/,.. ... /: _-_t«.L-U- 0p e r a t o r s : _
Station ^'o. : „•_
Run No.: "^' -7 '$'£', - Sc--i_j\/.~J. Ambient Temperature:
Barometric Pressure: 2^ 77 Sample Box Number: ^
Impinger 1
—c—j_ _ cv
Final Vo 1 ume fUiL^L*-:?
I n i t i a 1 Vo 1 ume ^' l-J^.c.
Volume collected
_IrnpiiK]e_r 2
' ' l- /• \
Final Volume —7^ ml of //W->:^^,^ ;v.., ^ , ^ (. v '• 0 )
Initial Volume /,--.-. ml 7 '
Volume collected^ ml
Itnpi nger^j
Final Volume ' -^ ° ml of J^,J^^^_ /.-'••->••• ^ ,'J,. (^ '.- " )
Initial Volume j M
Volume collected
Impinger
Final Volume^, /
Initial Volume/
Volume collected
Impinger
Final weight *% o 5
ml '
ml
ml of
ml
ml
, S^> gm of
Initial v/eiqht t?3f y ^^ >•/ gm
Weight col lected
gnt
Total Volume Collected^ ml
Fi Iters
Weight
No. Final Weight Tare Weight Collected
gm grn gm
gm gm gm
Cl
eanup performed by \ .1 v^-A-Oy...,. ^on ^\ 1. /' (
-~=1 H i-f
-------
Molecular Weight Determination
Station Number
Method of Analysis: Fryrite
Orsat
Sample Type: Grab
Integrated
Run
No.
Time
Collected Analyzed
C02
°
CO
Leak Check:_
02 Check
C02 Check
Signature:
% against
% against fl
Date: 3/4/77
Remarks:
-------
CALIBRATION OF DIGITAL TEMPERATURE INDICATORS
DTI $ DATE
MINIMITE # NAME
TX
MINIMITE DTI MINIMITE DH
READING (°F) READING (°F) READING (°F) READING (°F)
50 -5~<3 700
60 ^° 750
70 7O 800
80 7? 850
90 cl O 900
100 / ' 950
125 ^l 1000
150 I5~O
200 2C3O
250 2- b O
300 30 \
350
400
450
500 S£6
550
600
650
-------
COMPACT
TEST
DATE
/77
TYPE FACILITY
CGilTROL DEVICE /g". S . /?
PAGS
cf
RECORD OF YISUAU D~-- :.,r,vncK OF OPACITY
I " " "" T ' HOURS 0? OBSERVATION I^-A^ I
- ^ V''J<1 OBSERVER 5-/V.
^
•>•
,(-•
OBSERVER CERTIF1CAT10H DATE.,
OBSERVER AFFILIATICH g.P.fr
POINT OF EHISJ
HEIGHT OF OISCI!,\RGP POINT
CLOCK TIME
OBSERVER LOCATION
Distance to Discharge
Direction from Discharge
Heicht of Observation
BACKGROUND DESCRIPTION
MATHER CONDITIONS
Kind Direction
Wind Speed
Anbknt Temperature
SKV COH01TIOMS (clear,
overcast, % clouds, etc.)
PLUME DESCRIPTION
Color
Distance Visible
OTHER IIIFOROTOH
Initial
RUE
Final
u)
SOX'-WRY OF AVERAGE OPACITY
Sot
[•lumber
'Hr^
Start-End
Ooaclty
Sun
Average
Readings ranged from
to
X cpacil.y
The source was/was not In compliance with ..
the time evaluation v/as /nade.
*>
at
-------
TEST li'JXEl
PATE fifr
OBSERVATION RECORD
ODSEMER 5/V_
r TYPE FACltTTT
PAGE
POINT CF EMISSION ^
-AU-1-
/¥ I 4
sit;.M i'Lu:-;t
jjcc^' (C'Vc1'. If ar>;il Icablo]
u | i 3~T3T;"r'o~i TTfiuTiTJTTj cl .1 c H?'c!~
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JJJ^Jsi^Hi^iSS
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^j_=fr_K?l
29
4-
CCMKEHTS
OBSERVATION RECORD
(Continued) '
I OCA r I DM""""
1CST IIUX.3U
DATE
TYPE rA
POINT OF E
PAG!- OF ,
llr.
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—
—
—
SHAM HLU/t
(cHrc'< i f onnl tc.iblo)
AUiCHcd
Ootic/icd
COMMENTS
'
0:
------- |