% LU O T WATER QUALITY STANDARDS CRITERIA DIGEST A COMPILATION OF FEDERAL/STATE CRITERIA ON -BACTERIA- i,« i ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY WASHINGTON, D.C. ------- INraBDUCTION This digest was compiled in order to provide general information to the public as well as to Federal, State, and local officials. It contains excerpts from the individual Federal-State water quality standards establishing bacteria criteria for interstate waters. The water quality standards program is directed by the Environmental Protection Agency, an independent regulatory agency which has responsibility for approving State-adopted standards for interstate waters, evaluating adherence to the standards, and overseeing enforcement of standards compliance. Standards, the first nationwide strategy for water quality management, contain four major elements: the use (recreation, drinking water, fish and wildlife propagation, industrial, or agricultural) to be made of the interstate water; criteria to protect those uses; implementation plans (for needed in- dustrial-municipal waste treatment improvements, among others) and enforcement plans; and an antidegradation statement to protect existing high quality waters. Minimum water quality criteria, or numerical specifications of physical, chemical, temperature, and biological levels, are stated in the National Technical Advisory Committee report to the Secretary of the Interior, Water Quality Criteria, dated April 1, 1968, and published by the Government Printing Office, Washington, B.C. Unavailability of the NTAC report before June 30, 1967--the date set by the Water Quality Act of 1965 for formal adoption of State standards--resulted in significant variations between the state-adopted and the NTAC minimum criteria. Some standards were adopted and approved before the NTAC report became available. Also, the Water Quality Criteria report is subj ect to updating in light of new scientific and technical information. Although some bacteria, the pathogens,-are injurious to human life and welfare, the majority, the saprophytes, when naturally occurring are beneficial. Certainly, as the foundation of the food chain, bacteria are essential to life. Bacteria act as anti-pollutant agents, and the dissolution of organic matter is the prime role of bacteria in stream self-purification. Because of this function, certain types of bacteria are the workhorse of biological sewage treatment plants. Bacteria are grouped into aerobic and anaerobic classes. Aerobic bacteria thrive in the presence of 02 (free oxygen); anaerobic bacteria thrive in the absence of free oxygen. Pollution can cause a superabundance of the saprophyte population. Nutrients such as organic matter (sewage, improperly stabilized wood pulp) and ofcher oxygen-demanding wastes, toxic or other chemical^ and phosphorus, among other pollutants, can promote nuisance growths and undesirable conditions for aquatic life and recreational and aesthetic water uses. They can consume the free oxygen and create favorable conditions for the growth of anaerobic bacteria. Anaerobic bacteria are a major factor in lake "deaths." Fecal coliform bacteria are used as an indicator of the possible presence of pathogens in water. The Water Quality Criteria report gives permissible eoliform levels of 10,000/100 ml.(milliliters) and fecal eoliform levels of 2,000/100 ml. Desirable criteria levels are given as 100/100 ml. for eoliform groups and 20/100 ml. for fecal eoliform groups. It states that these "microbiological limits are monthly arithmetic averages based upon an adequate number of samples. Total eoliform limit may be relaxed if fecal eoliform concentration does not exceed the specified limit." Since water quality standards experience revisions and upgrading from time to time, following procedures set forth in the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, individual entries in this digest may be superseded. As these revisions are accomplished, this digest will be updated and reissued. Because this publication is not intended for use other than as a general information resource, for the latest information, and for special purposes and applications, refer to the existing approved water quality standards which can be obtained from the State water pollution control agencies or EPA Washington, B.C. or regional offices. Individual State-adopted criteria fibllow. ------- KEY PWS Public Water Supply F§WL Fish § Wildlife Rec. Recreation Agric. Agricultural Ind. Industrial MF Millipore Filter MPN Most Probable Number NOTE: Numerical references are stated in terms of mg/1 (Milligrams per Liter) ------- BACTERIA National Technical Advisory Committee Recommendations: PWS 2000/100 ml fecal coliforms 10,000/100 total coli^orrs 20/100 fecal colifotrs n._, rahl. ioo/100total col if OTTOS Desirabi< Rec. Primary: log mean 200/100; not more than 10? of samples to exceed 400/100. Secondary: log mean 1,000/100: not more than 10% of samples to exceed 2,000/100 Shellfish Median 70/100 total, not more than 10% of samples to exceed 230/100 (5-tube decimal dilution test) or 330/100 (3-tube decimal dilution test) in areas most probably exposed to fecal contamination during most unfavorable hydrographic and pollution conditions. (National Shellfish Sanitation Program Manual of Operation Standards.) * * * Alabama (EPA Proposal of water quality standards.) PWS: NTAC levels. Primary contact recreation: 100/100 geometric mean fecal coliforms in coastal waters. 200/100 fecal'coliforms in fresh water. Where the geometric mean exceeds these levels, bacterial quality is acceptable only if a 'second detailed sanitary survey and evaluation discloses no significant public health rish". F gWL- Geometric mean fecal coliforms 100/100; BO sample to exceed Shellfish: National Shellfish Sanitation Program Manual of Operations limits incorporated by reference. Alaska CLASS A (PWS without treatment): Monthly average less than 50/100 total coliform. B (PWS with treatment): Monthly average less than 2000/100 total coliform; not more than 20% of samples should exceed this number. C (Primary contact rec.): Monthly average less than 1000/100 total coliform, \vith 20% of samples not to exceed this number. No sample shall exceed 2,400/100. D (F a WL) - Same as "C." E (Shellfish)- National Shellfish Sanitation Program Manual of Operations limits incorporated by reference. F (Agricultural) - Average less than 1,000/100 with 20% of samples not to exceed 2,400/100. G (Industrial) - Limits for "C" should be met when worker contact is required. ------- Arizona CLASS A (Domestic f, Industrial): All waters except primary contact recreation, geometric mean 1000/100 fecal coliforms, nor more than 10% of samples exceed 2,000/100. B (Primary contact recreation): Geometric mean 200/100 fecal coliforms, nor more than 10% of samples exceed 400/100. C (F f, WL): as A-B. Arkansas Primary contact recreation: Monthly arithmetic average of 1000/100 total coliform; nor exceed this number in more than 20% of samples per month; nor exceed 2,400/100 any day except during storm water run-off, provided that no fecal contamination is known to be present. Other waters: Monthly average 5,000/100 total coliforms , not exceed this number in more than 20% of samples per month; nor exceed 20,000/100 in more than 5% . California Criteria are assigned by specific region. The criteria below are representative. Shellfish: National Shellfish Sanitation Program Manual of Operations limits. Primary contact recreation: Average 1000/100 total coliform; not more than 20% of samples exceed this number; no sample over 10,000/100. Other regions employ. 200/100 fecal coliforms criteria. Fish handling: E. coliform organisms less than 700/100; not more than 5% exceed 700/100. Various regions specify no change over background levels or none due to human wastes. Class Colorado A (PWS) : Log mean 1000/100 fecal coliforms, nor exceed 2000/100 in more than 101 of samples during month. B.I. (Cold water fishery): Same as A, B.2. (Warm water fishery): Same as A. B.3. (Body contact sports): Monthly average 1000/100 total coliform; nor exceed this in more than 20% of samples, nor exceed 2,400/100 in any sample. Also, 100/100 fecal coliforms and 20/100 fecal streptococcus (both as average of 5 samples within month) . Class Connecticut A (PWS) : Median 100/100 total coliform nor more than 500/100 in more than 10% of samples. B (Bathing): Median 1000/100 total coliforms, nor exceed 2,400/100 in more than 20% of samples. ------- Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Guam CLASS C (F 5 WL, secondary contact recreation): 30 day average 5,000/100 total coliform,nor exceed this in more than 201 of samples. D (Navigation, Industrial): None in concentrations that would impair assigned usages. Criteria are assigned by river basin. The criteria listed below are representative. Body contact recreation: Monthly arithmetic average 1000/100 total coliform during the recreation season; nor exceed this number in more than 20% of samples per month; nor exceed 2,400/100 on any day. F § WL: Monthly arithmetic average not exceed 2,400/100 total coliforms. Shellfish: Median coliform 70/100; not more than 10% of samples oridinarily exceed 230/100 (S-tube) or 330/100 (5-tube) in areas most probably exposed to fecal contamination during most unfavorable hydrographic and pollution conditions. Criteria are assigned to specific waters. Potomac River, Md. to Key Bridge--Primary contact recreation as a future anticipated use (1975): Fecal coliform not to exceed 240/100 in 90% of samples. Potomac River, Key Bridge to D.C.-Prince George's County Line--Secondary contact recreation: Fecal colifomEnot to exceed a geometric mean of 1,000/100 nor equal or exceed 2,000/100 in more than 10% of samples. Rock Creek (wading in upper reaches): Fecal coliform not to exceed 200/100; not applicable during or immediately following rainfall. (P1YS): Monthly average 1,000/100 fecal coliforms; nor exceed this number in more than 20% of the samples per month; nor exceed 2,400/100 on any day. (Shellfish): Median coliform not exceed 70/100, not more than 101 of samples exceed 230/100 in areas most probably exposed to fecal contamination during most unfavorable hydrographic and pollution conditions. (Body contact recreation): Monthly average 1000/100 total coliform; nor exceed this number in more than 20% of samples; nor exceed 2,400/100 ml on any day. PWS: No discharges. To extent discharges are occurring, fecal coliforms not exceed arithmetic mean 20/100 ml. Recreation: Fecal coliform not exceed arithmetic mean 200/100, nor exceed 400/100 in more than 10% of samples. ------- CLASS Georgia (1) (PWS) (a) (Requiring disinfection only): Mean 50/100 fecal coliforms; not exceed 200/100 in more than 51 of samples during 90 days. (b) (Requiring treatment): Mean 5000/100 fecal coliforms; not exceed 20,000/100 in more than 5% of samples during 90 days. (2) (Recreation): Mean 1,000/100 fecal coliforms; not exceed 4,000/100 in more than 5% of samples during 90 days. (3) (F § WL): Same as (1) (b). Shellfish: Median total coliform 70/100 not more than 10% exceed 230/100 (5-tube) or 330/100 (3-tube); not in areas most probably exposed to fecal contamination during most unfavorable hydrographic and pollution conditions. (4) (Agriculture): Mean 10,000/100 fecal coliforms; not exceed 40,000/LOO in 5% of samples during 90 days. (5) (Ind.): No coliform criteria. (6) (Nav.): Same as (4). Class Hawaii AA (.nearly pristine): Median 70/100 total coliforms; nor exceed 230/100 at any time. A, 1 and 2 (all recreation; aesthetics): Total coliform median 1000/100, nor more than 101 of samples exceed 2,400/100. Fecal Coliforms: Arithmetic average 200/100 during 30 days, nor more than 10% exceed 400/100. Drinking and food processing following simple chlorination, fecal coliform arithmetic mean 200/100. B (small boat harbors-commerical, bait fishing): Fecal coliform arithmetic average 400/100; nor more than 10% exceed 1000/100. Idaho Bacteria criteria are adopted for individual waters. Most rivers: Average 1000/100 fecal coliform; 20% of samples not to exceed 2,400/100. Lower Snake,Palouse, Spokane and Moyie Rivers: Average 240/100 fecal coliforms;Pend Oreille River, Pend Oreille Lake, Priest Lake and Coeur D'Alene Lake: Average 240/100 along shore line of lakes, 50/100 in main body of lake or stream. Illinois General Standards (g) Based on a minimum ot b samples taken over no1 mor more than a 30 day period, fecal coliforms shall not exceed a geometric mean of 200 per 100 ml, not shall more than 10% of the samples during any 30 day period exceed 400 per 100 ml. ------- Illinois geometric mccui of 1000 per 100 nil. nor shall more than lOi of the samples during any 30 day period exceed 2000 per 100 ml. Lake Michigan (d) Bases on minimum of 5 samples taken over not more than a 30 day period, fecal coliforms shall not exceed a geometric mean of 20 per 100 ml. Indiana PWS: Monthly average total coliform 5,000/100; nor more than 20% of samples exceed this; nor exceed 20,000/100 in more than 51 of samples. Recreation: Whole body contact: Monthly geometric mean fecal coliforms not exceed 200/100, nor exceed 400/100 in more than 10% of samples. Partial body contact: Monthly geometric mean not exceed 1000/100, nor exceed 2000/100 in more than 101 of samples. Iowa CLASS a- (PWS): Unsatisfactory when (1) sanitary survey indicates probable presence of objectionable bacteria-bearing wastes, or (2) 2000/100 fecal coliform limits exceeded during low flow when such bacteria are from pollution by sewage. c. (recreation--whole body contact): Unsatisfactor)' when a sanitary survey indicates the probably presence of objectionable bacteria-bearing wastes, or 200/100 fecal coliform limits are exceeded during low flow \vhen such bacteria are from pollution from sewage. Kansas PWS: 2,000/100 fecal coliform per sample. Recreation including fishing: 200/100 fecal coliform per sample. Body contact recreation: Monthly log mean fecal coliforms200/100;no more than 10% of samples per month exceed 400/100 fecal coliforms. Kentucky PWS: Monthly arithmetical average 5,000/100 total coliforms;not exceed this number in more than 201 of the samples: nor exceed in^nn/inn in more than 51 of the samples. Recreation including body contact: Average 1,000/100 total coliforms; not exceed this number in 201 of the samples; nor exceed 2400/100 on any day. If the level of total is exceeded, then fecal coliforms standard to be used: During May-Oct, 200/100 fecal rnlifnrm monthly geometric mean, nor exceed 400/100 in mnrp than 10% of the samples, and during Nov-Apr, 1,000/100 fecal coliforms monthly geometric nor exceed 2,000/100 in more than 10% of rhp Louisiana Criteria are assigned by river basin. are representative. The criteria listed below ------- Most fresh water areas, aquatic life and recreation: Monthly median of total coliforms not exceed 1,600/100 ml, nor exceed 5,420/100 ml in more than 10% of the samples. Coastal waters: Monthly median of total coliforms not exceed 70/100 ml, nor exceed 230/100 in more than 101 of the samples. Mississippi River, Zone 2: Monthly median of total coliforms not exceed 230/100, nor exceed 790/100 in more than 10% of the samples. Sabine River, Zone 2: Monthly median of total coliforms not exceed 542/100, nor exceed 1750/100 in more than 10% of the samples. Maine CLASS A (highest classification, including PWS after disinfection): 100/100 total coliform bacteria. B-l (body contact recreation, PWS after treatment): 300/100 total coliforms 60/100 total coliform bacteria. B-2 (body contact recreation): 1,000/100 total coliforms, 200/100 fecal coliforms. C (recreational boating, F § WL): 5,000/100 total coliforms, 1,000/100 fecal coliforms. D (power, nav., ind.): Coliform limits only in those amounts which Commission determines will not indicate a condition harmful to public health or impair assigned usages. SA (all clean usages): Median total coliforms not exceed 70/100, nor more than 10% of the samples exceed 230/100. Median fecal coliforms not exceed 15/100, nor more than 10% of samples exceed 50/100. SB-1 (all clean uses, including shellfishing): Shellfish areas same as SA; non-shellfish areas median coliform 240/100, nor more than 10% of samples exceed 500/100, and fecal not exceed 50/100 nor more than 10% exceed 150/100. SB-2 (water contact recreation, shellfishing, etc.): Shellfish areas same as SA; non-shellfish areas median coliform 500/100 nor more than 10% of the samples exceed 1,000/100, and fecal coliforms not exceed 100/100 nor more than 10% exceed 200/100. SC (recreational boating, etc.; shellfish to be harvested for depuration purposes): Shellfish areas, median total coliforms not exceed 700/100 nor exceed 2,300/100 in more than 10% of the samples, and not exceed 150/100 fecal coliforms nor more than 101 exceed 500/100, non-shellfish areas, median total coliforms not exceed 1.500/100 nor exceed 5,000/100 in more than 10% of the samples, and not exceed 300/100 fecal coliforms nor more than 10% exceed 1,000/100. ------- CLASS SD (power, nav., ind.): Coliform limit only in those amounts which Commission determines will not indicate a condition harmful to public health or-impair assigned uses. Maryland A (shellfish): MPN total coliforms less than 70/100; must comply with sanitary and bacteriological standards of Manual of Recommended Practices for Sanitary Control of Shellfish Industry. B (PWS and water contact recreation): Monthly average not exceed 5,000/100, nor exceed this in more than 201 of samples, nor exceed 20,000/100 in more than 5%. Recreation--Acceptable when sanitary survey reveals no source of dangerous pollution and fecal coliforms not exceed 24U/100. iVhen fecal coliforms exceeds that limit, water acceptable only if second detailed sanitary survey discloses ho significant public health risk. C (F § WL): Same as B (water contact recreation). Class Massachusetts A (PWS): Not exceed 50/100 total coliform. B (Water contact; PWS with treatment): Not exceed 1,000/100 total cbliforms monthly average, nor exceed 2400/100 in more than 20? of samples. C (recreational boating, F § WL): None in concentrations that would impair any usages specifically assigned to this class. D (aesthetics, power, nav., ind.): Same as C, SA (body contact sports, shellfish): Median total coliforms 70/100, not exceed 230/100 in more than 10% of samples during month. SB (bathing, F § WL, restricted shellfish): Median total coliforms 700/100, not eKceed 2300/100 in more than 10% of samples during month. SC (recreational boating, F f, WL): None in concentrations that would impair any usages specifically assigned to this class. Class Michigan A(l) (PWS): Great Lakes and connecting waters, monthly average not exceed 2000/100 total coliform nor 20% of samples exceed that number. Other waters, monthly average not exceed 5,000/100 nor 20% of samples exceed that number, nor 5% of samples exceed 20,000/100. A(2) (Ind.): Average not exceed 5,000 total coliforms nor 20% of samples exceed 10,000/loo. Average fecal coliforms not exceed IOCC/100. B(l) (body contact recreation): Average not exceed 1,000/100 total coliforms,"nor 20% of samples exceed 5,000/100. Average fecal coliforms not exceed 100/100. ------- CLASS Michigan B(2) (partial body contact recreation): Average not exceed 5,000/100 total coliforms nor 20% of samples exceed 10..000/100. Average fecal coliforms not exceed 1,000/100. C (F § WL): Average not exceed 5,000/100 total coliforms nor 201 of samples exceed 10,000/100. Average fecal coliforms not exceed 1000/100. D (Agricultural): Same as C. E (Commerical): Same as C, plus average fecal limit of 1,000/100. Minnesota (1) Domestic Consumption: A (without treatment): Total coliformsMPN 1/100. B (with simple chlorination): Total colifornBMPN 50/100. C (with treatment): Total coliformsMPN 4,000/100. D (with additional treatment): Total coliformsMPN 4,000/100. (2) Fisheries and Recreation: A (body contact recreation): Total coliformsMPN 1,000/100. B (body contact recreation: Total coliformsMPN 1,000/100. C (boating): Total coliformsMPN 5,000/100. (3) Industrial Consumption: A (most industrial purposes without treatment): Total coliforms MPN 5,000/100. B (general industrial purposes, with moderate treatment): Total coliforms MPN 5,000/100. C (limited industrial purposes without high degree of treatment): Total coliforms MPN 5,000/100. (4) Agriculture and Wildlife: A (irrigation): Total coliforms MPN 5,000/100. B (livestock § wildlife): Total coliforms MPN 5,000/100. (5) Navigation and Waste Disposal: Total coliforms MPN 5,000/100. ------- CLASS Mississippi 1. PWS: Monthly average fecal coliforms not exceed 5000/100, nor exceed this in more than 201 of samples, nor exceed 20,000/100 in more than 5% of samples. 2. Shellfish: Meet requirements of National Shellfish Sanitation Program Manual of Operations. 3. Recreation (include body contact): Monthly average fecal eoliforms not exceed 1,000/100, nor exceed this in more than 20% of the samples, nor exceed 2,400/100 at any time. Missouri Criteria are assigned by river basin. The criteria listed below are representative. Mississippi River, waters designated for whole body contact: Fecal eoliforms not exceed geometric mean of 200/100 ml, nor more than 101 of samples exceed 400/100 (not applicable when stream affected by storm water runoff). Mississippi River, waters for PWS, boating, fishing: Fecal eoliforms not exceed 2,000/100 (not applicable when stream affected by storm runoff). Missouri River: Same as Mississippi River PWS, etc. Taneycomo: Same as Mississippi River body contact recreation. CLASS Montana A (PWS after disinfection): Average total coliform less than 50/100. A (PWS after disinfection § removal of natural impurities): Average total coliform less than 50/100 as result of domestic sewage. B (PWS after treatment): Average total eoliforms less than 1000/100 vhere demonstrated to be result of domestic sewage; not more than 20% of samples to exceed this value. All other classifications: Same as B. CLASS Nebraska A (PWS): Not exceed geometric mean 10,000/100 total colifomB or 2,000/100 fecal eoliforms; 20% of samples not exceed 20,000/100 total 6r 4,000/100 fecal eoliforms. B (full body contact sports): Not exceed geometric mean 200/100 fecal eoliforms and not exceed 400/100 in more than 101 of semples. C (agricultural, partial body contact, F § WL): Same as A. Intermittent: Not exceed geometric mean of 20,000/100 total colifcrms or 4,000/100 fecal eoliforms. ------- 10 Nevada No criteria. Class New A (highest quality; PWS after disinfection): 50/100 total ccliforms. Hampshire B (bathing): 240/100 total coliforms. C (recreational boating): No criteria. Class New Jersey FW-1 (natural): No man-made wastewater discharges. FW-2 (PWS after treatment, primary contact recreation): Fecal coliforms geometric mean 200/100. FW-3 (primary contact recreation): Same as FW-2. TW-1 (tidal--PWS, shellfhshing): Shellfish, requirements of National Shellfish Sanitation Program Manual of Operations; Others, fecal coliforms geometric mean 200/100. TW-2 (secondary contact recreation): Fecal coliforms geometric mean 770/100. 7 TW-3 (navigation, fish survival): Fecal coliforms geometric mean, 1,500/100. CW-1 (ocean within 1,500 feet from shore: primary contact recrea- tion): Fecal coliforms geometric mean 50/100. CW-2 (ocean beyond 1,500 feet: secondary contact recreation): Fecal coliforms geometric mean 200/100. New Mexico New York North Carolina Criteria are assigned by river basin. The criteria listed below are representative. Pecos River (irrig., recreation, F § WL): Geometric average fecal coliform 200/100. Canadian River (PWS, fishery): Arithmetic average fecal coliforms 2,000/100; where body contact recreation, same as Pecos River. Bacteria criteria established by state public health agency. Class A-l (PWS): Monthly average total coliforms 50/100. A-11 (PWS after treatment): Monthly average total coliforms 5000/100 nor exceed this in more than 20% of the samples, nor exceed 20,000/100 in more than 51 of the samples. Fecal coliforms not exceed monthly log mean of 1,000/100, nor exceed 2,000/100 in more than 201 of samples (not applicable during or immediately following rainfall). B (bathing): Monthly log mean fecal coliforms not exceed 200/100 nor exceed 400/100 in more than 201 of samples (not applicable during or immediately following rainfall). ------- 11 CLASS North C (F § WL): Monthly log mean fecal coliforms not exceed 1000/100, nor Carolina exceed 2,000/100 in more than 201 of samples (not applicable during or immediately following rainfall). D (agricultural, industrial): Monthly log mean fecal coliforms not exceed 1,000/100, nor exceed 2,000/100 in more than 201 of samples (not applicable during or immediately following rainfall). SA (shell): Median total coliforms not exceed 70/100, not more than 101 of samples exceed 230/100 (S-tuhe)or 330/100 (3-tuhe) in areas most probably exposed to fecal contamination during most unfavorable hydrographic and pollution conditions. SB (bathing): Same as B. SC (F f, WL, boating): Same as C. North Criteria are assigned by river basin. The criteria listed below Dakota are representative. Red River of the North: Monthly arithmetic average total coliform 5,000/100, nor exceed this in more than 20% of samples, nor exceed 10,000/100 in more than 5% of samples. Average arithmetic monthly total c&liformsnot exceed 1,000/100 in Lake Ashtabula and Homme Dam Reservoirs. James River (PWS, ind.,rec., F f, WL): Average arithmetic monthly not exceed 1,000/100 total coliforms in the Jamestown Reservoir.Av.erage arithmetic monthly not exceed 3,000/100 in the river nor exceed this number in more than 201 of samples, nor exceed 7,500/100 in more than 5% of samples. Footnote 1, all areas: In general, waters with coliform count of 1,000/100 or less are considered relatively safe for swimming. Natural physical characteristics of the river banks and bed and natural water turbidities in the area must also be considered. Ohio PWS: Monthly average total coliform 5,000/100, nor exceed this in more than 20% of samples, nor exceed 20,000/100 in more than 5% of samples. Recreation,including water contact: Monthly average 1,000/100 total coliforms, nor exceed this in more than 20% of samples, nor exceed 2,400/100 on any day. Oklahoma Criteria are assigned by river basin. The criteria listed below are representative. Salt Fork of Arkansas above Great Salt Plains (F f, WL, recreation, PWS): Sanitary survey required for bathing f, PWS waters. PWS: monthly average total coliform not exceed 5,000/100, nor exceed this in more than 201 of samples, nor exceed 20,000/100 in more than ------- 12 Oklahoma 20% of samples, nor exceed 20,000/100 in more than 51 of (Cont'd) samples. Body contact sports: Monthly average total coliforms not exceed 1,000/100 during the recreational season, nor exceed this in more than 20% of samples, nor exceed 2,400/100 on any day except during periods of storm water runoff; provided, fecal coliforms not exceed geometric mean 200/100, nor more than 10ft of exceed 400/100. Bacteria] concentrations of other than natural origin will be maintained below levels detrimental to beneficial uses. Oregon General Water Quality Standards: No discharge which will cause in any waters: . . . Bacterial pollution . . . deleterious to waters used for domestic purposes, livestock watering, irrigation, bathing, or shellfish propagation, or be otherwise injurious to public health. Special standards for Goose Lake, Klamath River, Multnomah Channel, Willamette River, Grande Ronde River, Walla Walla River and Snake River: Coliforms where associated with fecal sources, average not to exceed 1,000/100, with 201 of samples not to exceed 2,400/100. Special standards for Columbia River: From eastern Oregon-Washington boundary to Hwy. 5 bridge between Vancouver and Portland: Average not to exceed 240/100 fecal coliform nor exceed this in more than 20% of samples. From bridge to mouth, same as special standard for Goose Lake, etc. Special standards for marine and estuarine water: For shellfish, median not exceed 70/100. For others, same as upper Columbia. Class Pennsylvania fi (includes areas of primary contact recreation): From 5/15 to 9/15, total coliforms not to exceed 1,000/100 ml monthly arithmetic average, nor exceed this number in more than 2 consecutive samples, nor exceed 2,400/100 in more than one sample. For the period 9/16-5/14, total coliform not to exceed 5,000/100 average, nor exceed this in more than 20% of samples, nor 4xceed 20,000/100 in more than 51 of samples. f2 (includes areas of PWS and secondary contact recreation): Same as winter period of fj. £3 (includes areas of secondary contact recreation): Total coliforms not to exceed 5,000/100 ml monthly geometric mean. Class Puerto Rico SA (existing phenomena): No alterations. SB (shellfish): Median value total coliform 70/100 ml. SC (bathing): Total coliformsnot exceed 1,000/100 monthly median, nor exceed this in more than 20% of samples, nor exceed 2,400/100 on any day. SD (marine life): Total coliformsnot exceed 5,000/100 monthly average. SE (industrial); None. ------- 13 Class Rhode Island A (uniformly excellect; all uses): Total coliforms not to exceed median 100/100, nor more than 101 of samples exceed 500/100. B (primary contact recreation): Total coliforms not exceed median of 1,000/100 nor more than 2,400/100 in more than 2m of samples. C (secondary contact recreation): None in concentrations that would impair assigned uses. D (navigation, etc.): Same as C. SA (shell.): Total coliforms not to exceed median MPN of 70/100, nor more than 10% of samples exceed 230/100 (5-tube) or 330/100 (3-tube), SB (primary contact recreation; restricted shell, area): Total coliforms not to exceed median 700/100, not more than 2,300 in more than 10% of the samples. SC (secondary contact recreation; fish and shellfish habitat): Same as C. SD (navigation, industry, etc.)' Same as C. NOTE: Bacteria surveys of sea waters should include sampling during periods of most unfavorable hydrographic and pollution conditions. Class South AA (PWS with only disinfection and pH adjustment): Fecal coliforms Carolina not exceed 20/100 monthly arithmetic average. A (swimming): Fecal coliformsnot exceed geometric mean 200/100, nor more than 10% of samples during 30 days exceed 400/100. B (PWS, secondary contact recreation): Fecal coliforms not exceed log mean 1,000/100 ml nor exceed 2,000/100 in more than 201 of samples (not applicable during or following rainfall). C (fish survival, industry, agriculture): Same as B. SA (shellfish): Meet U.S. PHS standards (1965 revision). SB (bathing): Same as A. SC (all uses except shellfish mkt. and bathing): Same as B. Class South 1. (PWS): Total coliformsnot exceed MPN or MF (Millipore Falter) of Dakota 5,000/100 monthly average, nor exceed this in more than 201 of samples, nor exceed 20,000/100 in more than 5S of samples. ------- South Dakota Tennessee Texas 14 CLASS 2.(fish life propagation): No criteria. 3(a) (immersion sports): Fecal coliform not exceed 200/100 monthly average,. nor exceed this in more than 201 of samples, nor exceed 500/100 on any day during the recreation season. 3(b) (limited contact recreation): Fecal coliforms1,000/100 monthly average, nor exceed this in more than 201 of samples, nor exceed 2,000/100 on any day during the recreation season. 4.(wildlife): No criteria. 5. (irrigation—applicable during the irrigation season only, and only to waters used to irrigate root crops and recreation areas): Fecal coliformsnot exceed 1,000/100 monthly average, nor exceed 2,000/100 in any sample. 6.(commerce f, ind.): No criteria. 7.(intermittent stream): Total coliform not exceed 20,000/100 monthly average, nor exceed in more than 20% of samples in month; nor exceed 50,000/100 in any sample. CLASS 1. (PWS): Total coliform not exceed 10,000/100 monthly average (MPN or MF) nor exceed this in more than 20% of samples in month, nor exceed 20,000/100 in more than 51 of samples. Values may be exceeded provided organisms are known to be nonfecal. No disease producing bacteria or other objectionable organisms shall be added to surface waters which will result in their contamination to such extent as to render water unsuitable for PWS after conventional treat- ment. 2. (Ind.: No critera. 3. (F § WL): No criteria. 4. (Rec.): Fecal coliform not exceed 5,000/100 monthly average, nor exceed in more than 201 of samples during month, nor exceed 20,000/100 in more than 5% of samples. For water contact rec., fecal coliform not exceed 1,000/100 in 2 consecutive samples May-Sept. Water areas near outfalls of domestic sewage treat- ment plants are not considered suitable for water contact recreation. Criteria are assigned by river basin. The criteria listed below are representative. In addition, the following "General Statement" applies: Water oriented recreation, including water contact sports, is a desirable use of the waters of the state everywhere. Water contact activities in natural waters are not opposed by the state health agency where routine sanitary surveys support such activities, and where, in addition, as a flexible guide-line to be used in the light of conditions disclosed by the sanitary survey, the geometric means of the number of fecal coliform bacteria is less than 200/100 ------- 15 ml and not more than 101 of the samples during any 30 day period exceed 400/100. The policy is advisory only and in no way limits the responsibilities and authorities of local health agencies. It is highly desirable for waters comprising the raw water supply to a public surface water treating plant that the total coliform bacteria should not exceed 100/100 and the fecal coliform bacteria should not exceed 20/100. Nevertheless, raw water supplies to surface water treating plants shall not be deemed unsatisfactory where the total coliform organisms do not exceed 20,000/100 and the fecal coliform organisms do not exceed 2,000/100. The evaluation of raw water supplies cannot be reduced to the simple counting of bacteria of any kind and the foregoing must be used with judgment and discretion and this paragraph is not in- tended to limit the responsibilities and authorities of res- ponsible local governments or local health agencies. Galveston Bay (includes swimming and fishing): MPN log. ave. not more than 70/100 ml. Guadalupe River Tidal (includes swimming and fishing): MPN log. ave. not more than 1,000/100. Colorado River (including swimming and fishing): See "General Statement." Rio Grande River (including swimming and fishing): See "General Statement." Class Utah A (PWS without treatment; recreation): Bacterial standards as prescribed for drinking water by ''PHS Drinking Water Standards, 1962." B (PWS after disinfection; recreation): Monthly arithmetic mean colifornsnot exceed 50/100 ml; 201 of samples may exceed this if no more than 51 exceed 100/100. C (PWS after treatment; recreation, excepting swimming unless natural purification action results in quality consistent with class "CR" standard and swimming is specifically approved by state board of health): Monthly arithmetic mean total coliforms not to exceed 5,000/100, except 20% of samples may exceed this if no more than 5% exceed 20,000/100, and monthly arithmetic mean coliforms shall not exceed 2,000/100. CR (swimming): Monthly arithmetic mean colifomSnot exceed 1,000/100; no more than 20? exceed this and no more than 51 exceed 4,000/100; and monthly arithmetic mean fecal coliforms exceed 200/100, provided no more than 10% exceed 400/100. ------- Utah Vermont 16 CLASS D (limited irrigation, not including lawns, rec. areas, dairy pastures, root crops or low growing crops for human consumption): Monthly arithmetic mean coliformsnot exceed 5,000/100, except 20% of samples may exceed this if no more than 5% exceed 20,000/100. A (PWS with disinfection): Total coliformsnot exceed 100/100. Fecal coliform:none attributable to discharge of domestic or or industrial iirastes. B (PWS with treatment ;bathing) : Total coliforrrunot exceed 500/100. Fecal coliform not exceed 200/100. C (secondary contact recreation): Fecal coliformsnot to exceed 1,000/100. D (supporting aerobic aquatic life, nav., ind., mixing zones): Fecal coliform not to exceed 2,000/100. Virginia Virgin Islands Subclass A (PWS, secondary contact recreation): Fecal coliforms not exceed log mean 1,000/100 ml. Not equal or exceed 2,000/100 in more than 10% of samples. Monthly average total coliformsnot exceed 5,000/100; not more than this in more than 20% of samples; not more than 20,000/100 in more than 5% of samples.* Subclass B (PWS, primary contact recreation): Fecal coliform not exceed log mean 200/100 ml. Not more than 101 of samples exceed 400/100. Monthly average total coliformsnot exceed 2,400/100. Not exceed this number in more than 201 of samples. Not applicable during or immediately after rainfall.* * With exception of coliform standard for shellfish, the enforceable standards will be those pertaining to fecal coliform organisms. The MPN concentrations are retained as administrative guides for use by water treatment plant operators. (open ocean or estuaries where shellfish beds present): Not more than 70/100 coliforms.Not more than 101 of samples greater than 230/100 (5-tube) or 330/100 (3-tube). . . Class A (natural phenomena): No change. B (marine life): No criteria. C (recreation): Fecal coliform not greater than 70/100 monthly average. D (harbors and docking): Fecal colifornsnot greater than 1,000/100 monthly average. ------- 17 Washington Statewide use classification system plus specific criteria for specific areas. Class AA Extraordinary (all uses): Total coliforms not exceed median of 50/100 (fresh water) or 70/100 (marine) with less than 101 of samples exceed 230/100 when associated with any fecal source. A Excellent (PWS, swimming, shellfish reprod., rearing § harvest): Total coliformgnot exceed median values of 240/100 (fresh water) with less than 20% of samples exceeding 1,000/100 when associated with any fecal source or same as AA (marine). B Good (swimming, shellfish reproduction and rearing, and Crustacea (crabs, shrimp, etc.) harvest): Total coliforms not exceed median values of 1,000/100, with less than 201 of samples exceeding 2,400/100 when associated with any fecal source. C Fair (comm., nav., boating): Total coliforms not exceed median values of 1,000/100 when associated with any fecal source. West Virginia Criteria are assigned by river basin. Majority of river basins: Total coliformsnot to exceed 1,000/100 monthly average, nor exceed this in 20% of samples, nor exceed 2,400/100 on any day. Kanawha River, Zone 2*, certain Bluestone River tributaries*, and Youghiogheny River.*§** Tbtal coliforms not to exceed 5,000/100 monthly average nor exceed this in more than 20% of samples nor exceed 20,000/100 in omre than 5% of samples. *Present uses and criteria to exist for a maximum of 5 years. ** Kiture uses and criteria will exist after suitable abatement is effected. Class Wisconsin (2) (PWS): Total colifornsnot to exceed 5,000/100 monthly arithmetic average nor exceed this in more than 20% of samples, nor exceed 20,000/100 in more than 5% of samples. (4) (Recreation): Sanitary survey and/or evaluation to assure protection from fecal contamination is the chief criterion. Additional "Guidelines" as follows: (a) Whole body contact: Arithmetic average total coliforms 1,000/100 or less and maximum not exceeding 2,500/100 during the recreation season. (b) Partial body contact: Arithmetic average total coliforms 5,000/100 or less and no more than 1 of last 5 samples exceeding 20,000/100 during the recreation season. ------- 18 Wyoming State established "Basic Water Quality Standards" plus standards for individual rivers. Basic Standard: During recreation season (May 1-Sept 30), limited body contact use: Fecal coliforra, no samples shall exceed the 95% confidence limit of the historical average,in no case may geometric mean of last 5 samples exceed 2,000/100, whichever is the least. Criteria assigned to specific areas: Fecal coliform not to exceed 240/100 as geometric mean of least 5 samples, nor exceed 250/100 in any one sample. ------- |