EMPLOYEE
SAFETY
HANDBOOK
orvallis
nvironmental
esearch
aboratory

* 200 S.W. 35th STREET
C0RVALL1S, OR. 97330
\ PPO^°
%
FEBRUARY 1978

-------
TO ALL EMPLOYEES:
The purpose of this manual is to set forth and explain basic safety
policies and procedures for all CERL employees, and others using CERL
facilities. Safety policies and procedures in this manual are the
minimum standards; you are encouraged to maintain levels of safety above
and beyond these standards in performing your job. More detailed guide-
lines will be published in the near future to deal with specific safety
procedures in Laboratory, Office, and Shop operations.
It is management's responsibility to provide a safe and healthful
working environment for all employees, by meeting or exceeding appli-
cable safety regulations. This responsibility includes a continuing
program to isolate or remove physical hazards, to provide personal
protective equipment, to control and monitor hazardous substances and to
keep safety equipment in top operating condition. However, management's
greatest responsibility is to provide you with the training and infor-
mation needed to perform your job in the safest practical manner.
As an employee, you are responsible for complying with the safety
training and information supplied in this manual; but equally important,
you are asked to maintain a continuing interest in safety. Any ques-
tions or suggestions involving safety should be initiated through your
immediate supervisor, since he/she is responsible for insuring that you
perform your job in accordance with established policies. Remember, you
are the key to an effective accident prevention program.

A. F. Bartsch
Di rector

-------
CONTENTS
Page
CERL Safety Organization 		1
Accident Reporting 		2
Reporting Hazardous Conditions 		2
Personal Protective Equipment. 	 . 		3
Hazardous Areas	4
Building Evacuation	4
F1re Extinguishers 		6
Extinguisher Use Guide	7
Materials Handling 		6
Housekeeping 		9
Chemicals			10
Electrical Safety.			12
Emergency Equipment. 				13
Other Safety Policies	13
Government Vehicles 		13
Bicycles	. .	13
Guests.			13
Facilities Shops		
Eating, Drinking and Smoking. . . 		14
Mow to Lift Safely			

-------
CERL SAFETY ORGANIZATION
Safety Officials.
Laboratory Designated Safety and Health Official—Oversees the coordina-
tion and operation of all safety and health programs at CERL.
Safety Officer—Carries out day-to-day responsibilities related to
facility safety hazards including accident investigation and analysis,
technical advice and consultation, planning and design of safety fea-
tures, and employee awareness.
Occupational Health Officer—Carries out day-to-day responsibilities
related to health and medical monitoring programs, toxic materials
handling, chemical control programs, and other operations which present
health hazards to employees.
Radiation Safety and Health Officer—Carries out day-to-day responsi-
bilities related to training, monitoring and waste disposal programs to
protect employees against radiation hazards.
Safety Committee. The CERL Safety Committee is concerned with main-
taining a safe workplace and instilling a con-
tinuing interest in safety among all employees.
This is your committee, and you are encouraged
to discuss safety matters with any member.
The committee has meetings, open to all
interested persons, once a month. The meeting
announcements and minutes are posted on the
Safety Bulletin Board, across the hall from the
Cafeteria.


Nine members serve on the committee. Three
are elected by CERL employees; three are appointed
by the Lab Director, and three are ex-officio members, all serving
three-year staggered terms. A list of current members is available from
the Laboratory Operations and Support Staff Office.
1

-------
ACCIDENT REPORTING
Any incident which results in one or more of the following is an
accident and must be reported:
1.	Personal injury.
2.	Vehicle collision.
3.	Fire.
4.	Potential claim against the Government.
5.	Potential cause of death or serious injury.
6.	Property damage
7.	Near-pisses that could have lead to the above results
All accidents, as defined above, must be reported immediately after
emergency medical help is given, to your supervisor and the Personnel
Officer, so that required reporting procedures will be followed. If you
are incapacitated and unable to report immediately, have someone do this
for you. An accurate description of the extent and seriousness of the
injuries and damages should be given, so that further action can be
taken, if necessary.
After reporting the accident immediately, your supervisor is
responsible for investigation and preparation of the accident report
forms, within, 48 hours of the accident.
REPORTING HAZARDOUS CONDITIONS
It is often difficult for a safety inspector to recognize all
hazards in an area unfamiliar to him. In addition, unsafe conditions
may be created between inspections that need to be corrected. For these
reasons, you are asked to report any condition you believe to be unsafe.
These conditions should be reported to your immediate supervisor,
either in writing (preferably using EPA form 1440-6) or orally. Your
supervisor must report his actions to you within five workdays. If you
are dissatisfied with your supervisor's response, you may submit to the
Lab Director a request for an inspection of the condition. If dissatis-
fied with the Director's investigation, further appeal may be made
following the procedures outlined in Chapter 4 of the EPA Occupational
Safety and Health manual.
Comments can also be made to Safety Committee members, either
privately or at a Committee meeting. You are encouraged to communicate
with your Safety Committee.
2

-------
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
Pol icy. It is the policy of CERL to provide all personal protective
equipment needed to perform
job related	^free 01
charge) to all CERL employ-
ees. You must use this
equipment where it is neces-
sary for protection against
injury; if in doubt, use the
equipment.
Your supervisor is re-
sponsible for supplying you
with the proper protective
equipment. Regulations and
requirements, as well as pro-
duct catalogues and advice
about protective equipment
can be obtained through the CERL Safety Officer.
Usage. Safety Glasses--Safety glasses shall be worn in all eye-hazard
areas. These areas are posted with a green and white sign stating that
eye protection is required. Some areas may require face shields and
safety glasses. You must wear safety glasses, as a minimum, in any
situation that has the potential for eye damage, including the following.
1.	Shop operations such as grinding, chipping, sawing and air blowing.
2.	Lab operations involving potentially hazardous materials or processes.
Contact lenses provide no eye protection, and, in fact, could
increase the risk of eye injury by trapping a chemical between the eye
and lens. Therefore, contact lenses will not be substituted for safety
glasses, and should not be worn in labs.
Lab Coats—Lab coats are provided to protect your skin and clothing from
contamination. They should be worn by all persons doing lab work. To
protect others, lab coats must not be worn in eating areas or away from
CERL facilities, since contamination on the lab coat could spread through
contact. Routine lab coat cleaning is provided; dirty coats should be
left in the bin inside Room 142. If a lab coat is contaminated with
toxic or dangerous materials, it must be decontaminated or safely disposed
of. Your supervisor should be advised of any such incident.
Hard Hats--Hard hats are to be worn in posted areas, as well as in any
situation where overhead loads are being handled or where low ceilings
present a head-striking hazard. Your good safety judgement is necessary
here.
Shoes--Safety shoes are to be worn by all Facilities Maintenance employ-
ees. Other employees should use good judgement when working with heavy
3

-------
items that have the potential to crush toes. The wearing of open-toed
shoes (sandals, etc.) is not allowed in lab, shop or storage areas
(Annex Bldg.).
Respiratory Equipment—Dust respirators, chemical respirators, and face
masks are available through your supervisor. You should use these when
working with potentially dangerous airborne material, such as paint
fumes, dusty materials, insecticides and spray paints. Facial hair must
be removed to assure a proper seal between the respirator and the face.
HAZARDOUS AREAS
A hazardous area is any location containing material or equipment
that could expose a person to unusually unhealthy or unsafe conditions.
Access to these areas must be controlled, to ensure that employees will
not unknowingly be exposed to dangerous conditions.
Standarlzed signs will be posted at all entrances to hazardous
areas. No employee, unless specifically authorized, may enter a posted
area. If your job requires you to enter a hazardous area, authorization
must be sought from the person in charge of the area. If the area
contains a radiation hazard, authorization is required from the Radiation
Safety Officer.
If you observe an emergency in a hazardous area, and human life is
not threatened, you should make no attempt to enter the area. Call the
persons responsible for the area as quickly as possible; their phone
numbers will be posted by the entrance to the area. In case of a fire,
the BUILDING EVACUATION Plan, described below, should be followed.
BUILDING EVACUATION
A complete building evacuation plan is available from the Facility
Engineer's office. You should obtain a copy if you do not presently
have your own. This plan includes emergency procedures as well as
building escape routes. It is your responsibility to familiarize yourself
with this plan, as drills will be held to practice the escape plan. The
following 1s an excerpt from the plan.
THE PROMPT AND ORDERLY EVACUATION OF ALL PERSONNEL FROM THE BUILDING
IS THE FIRST, AND MOST IMPORTANT, ACTION TO BE TAKEN IN THE EVENT OF A
FIRE OR OTHER EMERGENCY IN THE CERL BUILDINGS.
A CERL building evacuation
plan has been established to
effect a safe and rapid exit of
all individuals under emergency
conditions. Zone Fire Marshals
and Alternates are designated
for the several zones of the
CERL buildings to aid and assist
in the orderly evacuation of the
facility. All employees should
know who their Zone Marshal is.
Zone Marshals are listed in the Building Evacuation Plan.
4
|!E
L

-------
Fire Exit Plans showing safe exit routes, fire alarm boxes, and
fire extinguisher locations are posted at conspicuous locations'in the
corridors. It is the responsibility of each employee to become thoroughly
acquainted with the evacuation plan, and to become familiar with the
recommended exit route from his or her work station and with alarm box
locations.
Each individual should also become familiar with alternate routes
of safe exit for use in the event that the primary path is blocked;
remember, a RED door leads to an exitway.
The following evacuation procedures are to be followed in the case
of fire, or in general, for other emergencies that would require personnel
to vacate the building.
M EMPLOYEE DISCOVERING a FIRE SHOULD:
A. Warn others--
1.	Tell co-workers in the area.
2.	Pull fire alarm wall lever.
3.	Call (or have someone call) the Fire Department
9-753-6611 and the Facility Engineer (4680) and give
location and extent of fire.
B. Evaluate the situation and decide if it can be readily con-
trolled with a hand extinguisher; if it can, use the proper
type extinguisher. Do not place yourself in danger-~if blaze
appears not to be controllable with an extinguisher, or if in
doubt, close the room and leave the building. Report thi
situation and location of the fire to the firemen when they
arrive. See the section on Fire Extinguishers (page 12) for
proper use instructions.
GENERAL BUILDING ALARM
If building alarm bells ring all employees should:
a.	TURN OFF ALL GAS
b.	CONFINE HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS
c.	CLOSE ALL DOORS
d.	LEAVE BUILDING RAPIDLY, DO NOT RUN, BY DESIGNATED ROUTES
AND EXITS. The building should be emptied in one minute
or less.
e.	DO NOT USE ELEVATORS
f.	AS$I-MBlE~7N THE PARKING LOT SOUTH OF LABORATORY BUILDING
g.	CHECK WITH YOUR ZONE MARSHAL TO CONFIRM SAFE EVACUATION
OF ALL PERSONNEL
h.	Remain clear of the building and immediately adjacent
area until clearance to return is given.
i.	When safe conditions have been restored, clearance to
re-enter the building will be given by word passed to
the Zone Marshals from the Facility Engineer.
5

-------
FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
Portable fire extin-
guishers are intended for
use on small fires in their
early stages of combustion.
They should not be used on
large or extremely dangerous
fires since they contain a
limited amount of extin-
guishing agents. You should
become familiar with extin-
guisher types and locations
in your work area, including
extinguisher operating instructions. Always call the Fire Dept. in the
event of a fire, no matter how small the fire may seem.
A general guide to extinguisher use is given on pages 7 and 8.
Any extinguisher that has been used, has a broken seal or has low
pressure must be reported to the Facilities office, so it may be replaced.

MATERIAL HANDLING
Safe Lifting Techniques. Lifting and carrying materials present many
situations that could cause injury. Unsafe practices can lead to back
strains, pulled muscles, crushed fingers and toes, trips and falls and
other types of injuries. Safe lifting and carrying procedures are shown
on page 15, "How to Lift Safely." You should use these techniques to
avoid injuries.
Hand trucks and carts are available on the loading dock. It is
always advisable to use these items to avoid heavy lifting and carrying.
Storage Areas.
1.	Floor loading capacities must be followed. The limit for the
second floor of the Annex and the Trailers is 100 pounds per square
foot.
2.	Ladders and stepstools should be used to reach elevated areas. Do
not stand on chairs, desks, tables or shelves.
3.	Do not throw or drop materials. You should have control of the
materials at all times.
4.	Do not stack items so high that the stack becomes unstable.
Normally, boxes should not be stacked over four high unsupported
Be sure not to overload shelves with heavy items.
5.	Wear gloves when handling sharp objects. Safety shoes should be
worn when handling heavy objects.
6.	Keep storage areas neat and organized. Materials piled haoharardlv
dinTr"" i"'0Und "" the probabnitJ' of accidents and equipment
I

-------
Type Of Extinguisher
Water Pressure
EXTINGUISHER USE GUIDE
Typical Appearance	Type Of Fire
A
Use on ordinary
combustables:
Wood
Paper
Rags
Regular Dry
Chemical
Use on burning
liquids:
Gasoline
Oil
Paint
Solvents

Use on electrical
fires:
Circuit Panels
Hot Plates
Wires
Instructions For Use
Hold upright, pull locking
pin. Raise hose and squeeze
lever. Direct the stream of
water Into the base of the
fire. Range is up to 40
feet.
Pull locking pin and squeeze
lever. Aim nozzle at base of
fire and sweep agent side to
side. Range is 12 to 20 feet.

-------
Type Of Extinguisher Typical Appearance
Carbon Dioxide
Multi-Purpose
Dry Chemical
f
Type Of Fire
Instructions For Use
Use on burning
liquids:
Gasoline
on
Paint
Solvents
@
Use on electronic
equipment:
Computers
Control Panels
Precision
Equipment
Pull locking pin and squeeze
lever. Direct gas at base of
fire. Continue discharge even
after flames have gone out.
Range is 4 to 6 feet.
Use on all fires
Ordinary
Combustables
Burning Liquids
Electrical
Equipment
Pull locking pin and squeeze
lever. Aim nozzle at base of
fire and sweep agent side to
side. Range is 12 to 20 feet.

-------
7. Do not store mater-
ials in front of
electrical panels,
doorways, fire extin-
guishers, or within
18 Inches of the
celling. AISLES AND
EXITWAYS MUST BE
CLEAR AT ALL TIMES
FOR EMERGENCY EXIT.
HOUSEKEEPING
Purpose. Many accidents are caused by dirty, cluttered, and disorga-
nlzed work areas. Poor housekeeping leads to lower employee efficiency
and questionable data, and greatly increases the risk of accidents and
fires. For these reasons, it is most Important that you keep your work
area clean and organized.
General Rules.
Spills—All spills, however minor, shall be cleaned up immediately.
Care should be taken when cleaning up hazardous chemicals so that you
and others are not contaminated.
If a flammable 1s spilled, precautions should be taken to prevent
It from starting a fire.
Waste—Because so many different materials are disposed of at CERL,
procedures must be followed to prevent contamination or injuries from
the wastes.
Paper and other burnable trash
is a source of fuel for a fire.
Trash and clutter in any area pre-
sents a fire hazard and should be
disposed of In trash cans.
Broken glass, scrap sheet
metal, used razor blades and other
sharp objects should be disposed of
carefully so that they do not pre-
sent hazards to yourself or others.
If your area has no broken glass
container; you should take sharp
objects out of the garbage bins
behind the CERL Building.
I

-------
Chemicals should be disposed of only by knowledgeable persons.
Many chemicals could react with each other in the drain system and cause
an explosion. Flammables could start a fire if someone were smoking
near a drain. Toxic chemicals could pollute water supplies. If you
need to dispose of chemicals, consult your supervisor or CERL circular
1400.1 for safe procedures.
Work Area. Because most of your
time is spent in your work area,
it is essential that it be kept
clean and organized. Remember
that the quality of your work is
often judged on the appearance
of your work area. These guide-
lines should be followed:
1.	Doorways, halls and aisles
must not be blocked by any
item at any time. These
areas must be clear for
emergency exit.
2.	Boxes, shelves and bookcases should not be stacked so high that
they become unstable. No stack should be closer than 18 inches
from the ceiling, or from fire sprinkler heads.
3.	Floors should be kept free of slipping or tripping hazards, such as
paper, nails, wires, chemicals etc. If you drop something, pick it
up!
4.	Emergency equipment, such as fire extinguishers and eyewashes, must
not be blocked by furniture, carts, or other items. Any safety
item must be directly accessible to anyone in the area in case of
an accident.
5.	Room decorations should not constitute a hazard. As examples,
flower pots should not be kept on top of filing cabinets or on
narrow window sills where they could fall. Posters and wall decor-
ations should not be near hot machines, ashtrays or gas burners.
CHEMICALS
General. The widespread use of chemicals at CERL requires that all
employees be cautious whenever
working with or around chemicals.
The four most important safety
precautions to take with chemi-
cals are:
1.	Know exactly what you are
working with and what its
hazards are.
2.	Know what to do if some-
thing goes wrong. When
in doubt, consult your
supervisor.
10

-------
3.	Be sure others that could be affected by an accident know what to
do.
4.	Be sure your supervisor knows of and approves of exactly what you
are going to do before you do 1t.
Chemical Storage.
1.	All chemical containers must be labeled clearly and correctly as to
their contents.
2.	Flammable materials shall be kept in approved storage cabinets when
not in use. Keep as little on hand as possible; large amounts
should be stored in the Chemical Storage Buildings.
3.	Keep storage areas organized and free of spills and waste materials.
Properly dispose of unneeded or excessive Inventories.
4.	Do not store chemicals In refrigerators designated for food only.
Store flammables only in explosion-proof refrigerators.
5.	Store reactive chemicals separately from
reactants or flammables. Keep heat-
reactive chemicals, such as solvents,
away from heat sources (sunlight, radi-
ators, hot plates, etc.).
6.	Compressed gas cylinders must be chained
or otherwise secured to keep from falling.
They should be capped and marked as to
their approximate contents, i.e. full,
half-full, empty.
Transportation.
1.	Any toxic, flammable or corrosive chemical
than a liter must be transported in a bottle carrier. Flammables
can also be transported in safety cans.
2.	Reactive chemicals should not be transported in the same container
as a reactant.
3.	Compressed gas cylinders should be moved only with a special
cylinder cart. One is located on the loading dock.
Other.
Protective Equipment—Gloves, face masks and safety glasses shall be
worn when using toxic or corrosive chemicals. Respirator masks should
be worn when high vapor concentrations of solvents or paint are present.
Lab coats should be worn to protect skin and clothing.
Gas Cylinders—Regulators will always be used on compressed gas cylinders.
If a cylinder or regulator leaks, report it immediately to your super-
visor. Compressed gas is never to be used for blowing off clothes,
bench tops, etc.
Emergency Equipment—You should know the location of the nearest fire
extinguisher, eye wash, and shower in your work area.
Lab Guidelines—Many more requlations apply to lab use of chemicals. If
you are Involved In lab operations, your supervisor will instruct you on
proper lab techniques.
AA

TtTT"
U1At
a
I
IS
in quantities greater
11

-------
ELECTRICAL SAFETY
Grounding. Grounding of electrical appliances is necessary to protect
you from serious electrical shock.
All CERL-owned electrical equipment
must be properly grounded, except	Ay
approved double-insulated power	^W	^
tools. Any equipment with broken
ground plugs, frayed cords or
missing grounds, should be reported
to the Facilities Dept. Ground
tests will be made by the Facilities
Dept., on request, to check ground
reliability on any equipment.
£?£$tHcal Problems. Any electrical problems should be reported to the
Facilities DeptTRepairs and alterations on electrical equipment will
be made only by authorized Facilities Maintenance employees.
General Electrical Safety Rules.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Always use grounded or double**insulated equipment.
Avoid standing in wet areas when using electrical equipment.
Do not use equipment or extension cards that have frayed, damaged,
spliced or taped wires.
Do not run wires under carpets, or over floors where people walk.
Any cord in a traffic area should be covered by a rubber cord
protector.
Do not overload plugs by using multiplug adapters. Contact the
Facilities Dept. if additional plugs are needed.
Use non-sparking equipment in areas containing flammable or explo-
sive materials.
Employee Provided Electrical Equipment. Because of the fire hazards
involved, employee-provided equipment must be limited to small, low
power usage devices with U.L. approval. Such devices allowed are:
1.	Radios
2.	Clocks
3.	Calculators
4.	Desk lamps
Heating devices are not allowed, including portable space heaters
and hot plates. Approval for use of other employee-owned electrical
equipment, including coffee pots, must be obtained from the Facility
Engineer before it is used in the CERL facility.
Battery Charging. All storage batteries, other than small Mi-Cad
types, must be recharged in the Annex Recharging area. If you have a
need to charge batteries contact Facilities for approval to use the
charging area.
u

-------
EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT
First-Aid Kits. Two large first-aid kits are located in the Lab Building;
one on the first floor by the elevator, and the other on the second
floor, in the northeast stairwell landing. These kits contain bandages,
tape, splints, disinfectants, and other supplies,
available in your work area.
Emergency Showers. Water deluge showers are
located in the halls of the Lab Building and
in the hall of the new Greenhouse. The showers
are for use on persons whose clothes are burning,
or who have had hazardous chemicals spilled on
them.
Eye-wash fountains are located in various
labs, for the purpose of flushing splashed
chemicals out of eyes.
You should know where the shower and eye-
wash nearest to your work area is located.
OTHER SAFETY POLICIES
Government Vehicles. To drive a Government vehicle, you must have a
valid Government and state driver's license. It is expected that you
will obey all traffic safety rules and drive defensively.
Seat belts shall be worn by the driver and all passengers in
Government vehicles.
Any accident involving a Government Vehicle must be reported in
accordance with the instructions in the vehicle's Log Book.
Bicycles. If you ride a bike to work, you are asked to park it in a
rack. Racks are located behind the Lab, by Trailer One and on the north
side of the Greenhouse.
Safety regulations require that no bicycles block any exit or
walkway, or be brought into the buildings. Bikes found in these areas
repeatedly may be impounded by the Facilities Dept. If this happens to
your bike, see the Facility Engineer.
Guests. In laboratory and shop areas, guests must be escorted by an
authorized employee. With the exception of guided tours, children under
16 will not be allowed in lab or shop areas.
Children and other guests may accompany you into non-lab or non-
shop areas of the facility; however, children must be supervised and not
allowed to roam around the facility.
Smaller kits may be
AUTOMATIC
SHOWER
CVS
FOUNTAIN
13

-------
After-hours guest$ must have written authorization from the Lab
Director or the Facility Engineer.
You assume responsibility for the safety of your guests at the
facility. They must conform to facility safety procedures, including
the wearing of equipment, e.g. safety glasses, where required.
Facilities Shop. Because much of the equipment used in this shop is
dangerous, only authorized persons are allowed to use the equipment. If
you need any shop work done, contact the Facilities Dept.
Eating, Drinking and Smoking.
1. Labs. NO EATING. DRINKING. OR SMOKING WILL BE ALLOWED IN ANY LAB
AREA. Also, no food or drinks will be stored in lab areas7~7nduding
lab refrigerators. Lab ice must not be used for human consumption,
nor will ice from food storage refrigerators be used for lab pur-
poses.
2* Office and Shop Areas. You may eat and drink in these areas,
contingent on the area supervisor's approval. You should clean up
any spilled food or drink as soon as possible. Non-smoking areas
will be posted.
14

-------
"he factors that
contribute to safe
ifting are...
%
M M ¦ MM T § M C T O1 VI C C # 1A The following safe practices should be
MM Ca If Ir M	L Mm M O/l M C L m observed in order to avoid injury.
1. Approach the load
and size it up (weight,
size and shape.)
Consider your physcial
ability to handle the
load.
2. Place the feet close
to the object to be lifted
8 to 12 inches apart
for good balance.
3. Bend the knees to the
degree that is comfortable |
and get a good handhold.
Then using both leg and
back muscles. . .
4. Lift the load straight
up—smoothly and even-
ly. Pushing with your
legs, keep load close
to your body.
5. Lift the object into
carrying position, mak-
ing no turning or twist-
ing movements until the
lift is completed.
6. Turn your body with
changes of foot position
after looking over your
path of travel making
sure it is clear.
7. Setting the load down,
is just as important as pick-
ing it up. Using leg and
back muscles, comfortably
lower load by bending
your knees. When load is
securely positioned, release
your grip.
Over-reaching and stretching to reach overhead objects
may result in strains or falls.
Use a ladder instead of
chairs, boxes, etc.	Q"
Avoid strain by
storing heavy ob-
jects at least 12
inches above the
floor
When lifting and carrying with another
person-teamwork is important.
The load should be equally distributed
Movements must be coordinated so you
both start and finish the lift action at the
same time and perform turning movements
together.
When two persons car
ry a long object, it
should be held at the
same level by both and
on the same side of the
body.
Stack material in such
manner as to permit
full view while carrying
m
Avoid awkward positions
or twisting movements
while lifting.
r
Fa
TefeMKdtlt
NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

-------