United States	Office of Pollution	June 1992
Environmental Protection	Prevention and Toxics
Agency	Washington, DC 20460
&EPA Pollution
Prevention
News
Inside:
2 National News
^ Federal Agency News
/j EPA Reports
5 New Definition of
Pollution Prevention
Research
In the States: Ohio
Calendar
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Pollution Prevention News
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Editorial Staff:
Priscilla Flattery, Editor
Gilah Langner
Teresa Opheim
Paul Scham
6
7
8
New Form R Issued
A new reporting form (Form R) for the
Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) has been
approved by the Office of Management and
Budget and is being mailed to facilities that
have previously reported under Section 313
of the Emergency Planning and Community
Right-to-KnoiVAct. The new form includes
reporting elemeh^s required by the Pollution
Prevention Act as v^ll as other changes.
Eleven chemicals have been delisted, while
another seven chemicals (all CFCs/halons)
have been added to the toxic chemical list
for 1991.
Because of delays in finalizing the new
form, EPA will not bring enforcement action
for late submission of the new form against
facilities that file accurate and complete
Form R reports for 1991 before September 1,
1992. Facilities should use the new form and
discontinue reporting on previous versions
in order to ensure that the data collected are
consistent.
The new form requires reporting of
source reduction and recycling activities
related to the toxic chemicals for which
releases are being reported. Facilities are
required to provide current and prior year
data, and estimates for the next two years,
for the quantity of each chemical released,
the quantity used for energy recovery on or
off-site, and the quantity recycled on or off-
site, and the quantity treated on or off-site,
as well as current year data on the quantity
released to the environment in a one-time
event.
The form asks facilities to identify source
reduction activities, which can include a
variety of actions in the categories of good
operating practices, inventory control, spill
and leak prevention, raw material modifica-
tions, process modifications, cleaning and
degreasing, surface preparation and finish-
ing, and product modifications. The form
also asks how such activities were identi-
fied. When the data are compiled next
spring, the new Form R should provide the
first nation-wide summary of pollution
prevention activities in industrial facilities.
The toll-free EPCRA Information Hotline
can be reached at 1-800-535-0202.
WHBBKM


TRI Shows Further Reductions
Industrial releases drop 11 percent from 1989 to 1990
Industrial releases of toxic chemicals
declined by 600 million pounds, or 11
percent, from 1989 to 1990, according to
initial results of the 1990 Toxics Release
Inventory (TRI). EPA Administrator Will-
iam Reilly said, "I continue to be encour-
aged by the downward trend in TRI data."
TRI reports covering the 1990 calendar year
were submitting by 23,648 industrial
facilities, which released a total of 4.8 billion
pounds of toxic chemicals, including 2.2
billion pounds released directly into the air
(down 14 percent from 1989), 440 million
pounds released to land (down 3 percent
from 1989), and 197 million pounds released
into surface water (up 2 percent from 1989).
The top five industrial manufacturing
categories for total release were: chemical
manufacturing (1.6 billion pounds), primary
(Continued on page 8)
Printed on Recycled Paper

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Pollution Prevention News - 2	June 1992
National News
								i	»	:			
Prevention Takes Off at New Denver International Airport
Dave Duster, EPA Region 8
Jill Piatt, New Denver Airport Office
The new $2.7billion Denver Interna
tional Airport (DIA) will not only be
the largest airport in the country, but
also the first such facility to incorporate
pollution prevention measures into its
design and construction. With a com-
mitment by the City of Denver to build
the airport in a manner that preserves
air, water, and groundwater resources,
EPA has loaned a full-time staff person
and Agency resources to provide
regulatory and technical assistance to
the city's New Airport Office. What
follows is a brief rundown of the
prevention measures included in the
airport's design.
The most significant waste generated
at any airport is stormwater runoff of
chemical de-icing agents. Ethylene-
glycol, commonly known as "anti-
freeze" is the most common de-icing
agent and presents a sewage disposal
cost of approximately $500 per ton. At
the new airport, the City will be install-
ing a glycol recycling system which will
include centralized de-icing pads. The
pads will contain all glycol-contami-
nated runoff in a centralized area and
also should help minimize the time
required to de-ice prior to takeoff. The
City hopes to recycle as much as 95
percent of the glycol-contaminated
storm water.
Air emissions from the central
heating and cooling plant will be
reduced through source reduction and
recycling. Boilers will be equipped with
low NOx burners combined with flue
recirculation, resulting in an 84%
reduction in NOx emissions over
conventional systems. To reduce the
volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
associated with fueling operations,
above ground fuel storage tanks with a
capacity of 5,000 barrels will incorporate
floating roofs into their design. The
tanks will also be equipped with Phase
II vapor recovery. These measures will
cut VOC emissions 95 percent.
To prevent air pollution buildup,
several design features are planned for
the DIA parking structure and road-
ways. The parking area will be sepa-
rated into three distinct, free-standing
structures with breaks between the
structures and the terminal building to
allow for natural ventilation. Road ac-
cess to the terminal will be constructed
in a stepped manner to eliminate stack-
ing of roadways and the potential for
trapping carbon monoxide.
Energy conservation features of the
new airport include the use of natural
gas driven chillers for cooling in order
to reduce peak energy demands during
the summer months. During the winter,
the terminal and concourses will use
outside air for cooling. Variable air
volume ventilation systems will be
installed in perimeter areas, to supply
only the heat or air-conditioning that is
necessary. Other features include high
efficiency motors, double pane low "E"
glass, a teflon-coated fiberglass roof that
allows natural lighting in the terminal
atrium. Where additional lighting is
insufficient, high efficiency compact
fluorescent lighting will be used.
Cooler Communities
On April 22, Tucson, Arizona
became the first community to
sign up for the new, voluntary Cool
Communities Program jointly spon-
sored by EPA, the Department of
Energy, the Forest Service, and Ameri-
can Forests, a non-profit group formerly
known as the American Forestry
Association. The program is designed to
encourage the planting of trees to shade
buildings and the use of light colors to
reflect sunlight. These actions will help
reduce the "urban heat island effect,"
which can raise the temperatures of
many cities 2° to 8° F higher than their
rural surroundings. Urban heat islands
result in increased use of electricity for
air conditioning and higher smog levels.
DOE research has shown that plant-
ing trees and shrubs next to buildings
can reduce summer air conditioning
Scale model of new airport.
The landscape plan for DIA encour-
ages water conservation by using
varieties selected for their hardiness,
drought tolerance and natural appear-
ance. Beginning in 1999, the Denver
Water Department will provide re-
claimed water for landscape irrigation.
Also to conserve water, new low
volume water-conserving public toilets
will be installed, for a projected savings
of 60 million gallons of water annually.
For more information on DIA's environ-
mental design, contact the authors at 303-
270-1992.
costs by 15 to 35 percent. Using light
surface colors has the potential for even
greater energy savings. In March, EPA,
DOE, and the Electric Power Research
Institute published a guidebook, "Cool-
ing Our Communities," which describes
the benefits of these measures and
explains how they can be implemented.
Under a grant from EPA, American
Forests will work with up to seven
communities to implement these mea-
sures. In addition to Tucson, four other
communities have already signed on:
Frederick, Maryland, Austin, Texas,
Tulsa, Oklahoma, and Dade County,
Florida.
Once the model program is in place
about a year from now, American
Forests will begin working with other
municipalities to expand the program.
For more information, contact Joel Smith,
EPA, 202-260-9655 or Anne Semrau,
American Forests, 202-667-3300.

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June 1992
3 - Pollution Prevention News
Federal Agency News
Recycling/Procurement Council Established
A Council on Federal Recycling and
Procurement Policy has been set
up, as required under Executive Order
#12780 signed last October, chaired by
Gail Miller Wray, the Federal Recycling
Coordinator. The Council will play a
role in encouraging and guiding
participation in waste reduction,
recycling, and affirmative procurement
programs in federal agencies.
As required by the Executive Order,
federal agencies are in the process of
submitting status reports on their
affirmative procurement program plans
to EPA. At a minimum, the plans cover
procurement of products for which EPA
has issued procurement guidelines
under RCRA section 6002(i).
The Executive Order required each
federal agency to designate a Recycling
Coordinator, responsible for coordinat-
ing agency activities on waste reduction
and recycling and for reporting on
affirmative procurement programs to
EPA. Coordinators named to date are
listed at right. The Council can be
reached at 202-260-6980.
Agriculture:
Marilyn Wagner, 202-720-2582
CIA: Jerome Weinfield, 703-281-8200
Commerce: Sonya Stewart, 202-377-4299
Consumer Product Safety Commission:
Marc Bloom, 202-504-0667
Defense: Elsie Munsell, 703-602-2048
Education:
Victor Ayala, Jr., 202-401-0781
Energy: Kent Hancock, 301-903-7418
EPA: Michael O'Reilly, 202-260-4928
EEO: Charlotte Powell, 202-663-4275
Executive Office of the President:
Hugh Campbell, 202-395-2335
FBI: William O'Hanlon, 202-324-2875
FCC: Delores Wise, 202-634-1522
FEMA: Gerald Johnson, 202-646-2643
Forest Service:
Paige Ballard, 703-235-3323
FTC: Sherry Greulich, 202-326-2271
GSA: John Stanberry, 202-208-7929
Health & Human Services:
Raffie Shahrigian, 202-619-1755
HUD: Elaine Robinson, 202-708-1955
Interior: Jonathan Deason, 202-208-3891
Justice: Steven Colgate, 202-514-5501
Labor: Janice Sawyer, 202-523-6415
NASA: Billie McGarvey, 202-453-1965
National Science Foundation:
Jack Kirsch, 202-357-9884
National Security Agency:
James Devine, 410-684-7357
Nuclear Regulatory Commission:
John Corley, 202-492-4984
Personnel Management:
Patricia Lattimore, 202-606-2000
Postal Service:
c/o Beth Shriver, 202-268-5595
State: Charles Respass, 202-647-1638
TV A: Paul Schmierbach, 615-632-6578
Transportation:
Ronald Keefer, 202-366-4246
Treasury: Bill McGovern, 202-377-9165
Joint EPA/Postal Service Project
Symposium: Heavy Metal
EPA Region 1 and EPA Headquarters
are cosponsoring a symposium on
source reduction for solid waste heavy
metals, focusing on a select number
of consumer products that contain
lead, mercury, and cadmium. In con-
cert with the 33/50 program, the con-
ference will result in a challenge to
industry to source reduce these met-
als. Sept. 29-Oct. 1, Providence, RI. If
you are interested in attending, contact
Cynthia Greene, 617-223-5531.
Symposium: Budapest
EPA, DOE the Hungarian Ministry of
Environment, and other organizations
are sponsoring a symposium on envi-
ronmental contamination in Central
and Eastern Europe with an empha-
sis on technology transfer. Oct. 12-16,
Budapest, Hungary. For more informa-
tion, contact Roy Herndon, 904-644-5524.
EPA and the U.S.
Postal Service have
agreed to conduct a joint
pilot project to assess
pollution prevention
initiatives that would be
applicable to the Postal
Service and other
facilities nationwide. The
assessment will be done
at the Western New York
General Mail and Vehicle
Maintenance facilities
located in Buffalo, NY.
The Postal Service
currently has the nation's
largest recycling program in place; this
year, about 600 million tons of wastepa-
per, plastics, wooden pallets, aluminum
cans, and other materials are expected to
be recycled at 40,000 postal facilities
Postal Service facility in Buffalo.
across the country. The new study will
look at ways to reduce some of the 600
million tons of waste at the source.
Contacts: Herman Phillips, EPA, 212-264-
2515; Mike Fanning, USPS, 202-268-3364.

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Pollution Prevention News - 4
]une 1992
Total Cost Assessment Helps Calculate Prevention Benefits
EPA Reports
A study prepared for EPA's Pollu-
tion Prevention Division by the
Tellus Institute attempts to answer the
question, "Why do so few firms appear
to find it cost-effective to adopt a
prevention strategy if, in fact, pollution
prevention pays?"
One answer has to do with how
conventional project investment analy-
sis techniques may bias investment
decisions away from prevention-
oriented decisions. To illustrate the
problem and explore a potential solution,
the study uses the approach of total cost
assessment (TCA) to provide a compre-
hensive, long-term financial analysis of
two pollution prevention projects in the
pulp and paper sector.
In a compliance context, a mill's choice
between an end-of-pipe or a prevention
strategy will depend heavily on the
comparative economics of the options,
Unlike most end-of-pipe technologies,
pollution prevention projects tend to
reduce operating costs by reducing waste
generation, regulatory activities, and
pollution related liabilities. Investments in
pollution prevention may even increase
revenue by improving product or
corporate image. Including these indirect
or less tangible savings in the financial
analysis of projects can level the playing
field between control and prevention in
making investment decisions.
Two Cases Studied
To assess how TCA operates in
practice, the researchers examined two
pollution prevention projects: a white
water and fiber reuse project at a coated
fine paper mill, and a conversion from
solvent/heavy metal paper coating to
aqueous/heavy metal-free coating at a
paper coating mill. The researchers
compared a typical "company analysis,"
which contains costs typically accounted
for by the firms, with a "TCA analysis" of
the same project, in which a full account-
ing was made of less tangible, longer
term, and indirect costs and savings. In
both studies, the TCA approach showed
markedly different results, in terms of
estimating net present value of the project,
the internal rate of return on investment,
and the simple payback for the capital
expenditure. For each financial measure,
the TCA approach makes the pollution
prevention project a far better investment
than conventional financial analysis
would indicate.
While the limited sample of two
projects is not definitive, and in some
cases the expense of preparing the TCA
analysis itself may be prohibitive, TCA
may still serve as a valuable tool for
translating discretionary judgments into
concrete dollar values during the capital
budgeting process.
EPA is already working actively to
promote TCA, incorporating the approach
Carpets may be in the process of
becoming healthier, thanks to a
combined effort of government, industry,
public interest groups, labor, and other
interested parties. The genesis of the
Carpet Policy Dialogue illustrates
successful cooperation of all of these
groups in a common project.
In early 1990, employees of the
National Federation of Federal Employ-
ees petitioned EPA under Section 21 of
the Toxic Substances Control Act,
claiming that emissions of Total Volatile
Organic Compounds (TVOCs) from
carpets are dangerous to employees'
health. EPA denied the petition on the
basis of insufficient data, but agreed that
it was desirable to reduce exposure to
TVOCs. In order to determine the nature
of the risks and increase awareness, it
was decided to invite other groups to
participate in setting standards.
The Dialogue formed three technical
subgroups: product testing, process
engineering, and public communications.
The groups met for one year and agreed
on various voluntary steps that would be
taken by government and industry to
reduce the public's exposure to TVOC
emissions and exercise industry-wide
responsible product care. Among the
voluntary actions agreed to are the
into its newly released Facility Pollutioti
Prevention Guide.
In addition, EPA's Pollution Preven-
tion Division staff is working with
representatives of the Association for
Standards, Testing and Materials
(ASTM), a private-sector organization
that develops guidance documents and
industrial standards, to incorporate Total
Cost Assessment principles into a
pollution prevention guidance manual.
For a copy of the report, Total Cost
Assessment: Accelerating Industrial Pollution
Prevention through Innovative Project
Financial Analysis, contact the Pollution
Prevention Information Clearinghouse,
703-821-4800.
following:
•	Development and peer review of a
standardized small chamber test
method to scientifically measure
carpet and related emissions; the
method has been submitted to the
ASTM as the basis for a new standard
method.
•	The Carpet and Rug Institute volun-
tarily agreed to conduct a major
industry study to define TVOC
emission decay characteristics.
•	The Carpet Cushion Council will
conduct a testing program which will
report a profile of TVOC emissions
from new carpet cushion; task forces
will investigate reduction of TVOC
emissions in manufacturing.
•	The Floor Covering Adhesive Manu-
facturers Committee committed to a
voluntary testing program that will
provide a baseline of comparative
TVOC emissions information for floor
covering adhesives and sealers.
•	The General Services Administration
will develop requirements to make
low-VOC carpeting available for
Government offices.
For copies of the Compendium
Report of the Dialogue or for more
information, contact Richard W.
Leukroth Jr., 202-260-1832.
Carpets Dialogue Yields Voluntary Agreements

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June 1992
5 - Pollution Prevention News
Pollution Prevention:
EPA Statement of Definition
Pursuant to the Pollution Prevention Act of 1990
and the Pollution Prevention Strategy
Under the Pollution Prevention
Act of 1990, Congress estab-
lished a national policy that:
•	Pollution should be prevented or
reduced at the source whenever
feasible;
•	Pollution that cannot be prevented
should be recycled in an environmen-
tally safe manner whenever feasible;
•	Pollution that cannot be prevented or
recycled should be treated in an
environmentally safe manner
whenever feasible; and
•	Disposal or other release into the
environment should be employed
only as a last resort and should be
conducted in an environmentally safe
manner.
Pollution prevention means "source
reduction," as defined under the
Pollution Prevention Act, and other
practices that reduce or eliminate the
creation of pollutants through:
•	increased efficiency in the use of raw
materials, energy, water, or other
resources, or
•	protection of natural resources by
conservation.
The Pollution Prevention Act defines
"source reduction" to mean any practice
which:
•	reduces the amount of any hazardous
substance, pollutant or contaminant
entering any waste stream or other-
wise released into the environment
(including fugitive emissions) prior
to recycling, treatment, or disposal;
and
•	reduces the hazards to public health
and the environment associated with
the release of such substances,
pollutants or contaminants.
The term includes: equipment or
technology modifications, process or
procedure modifications, reformulation
or redesign of products, substitution of
raw materials, and improvements in
housekeeping, maintenance, training, or
inventory control.
Under the Pollution Prevention Act,
recycling, energy recovery, treatment,
and disposal are not included within the
definition of pollution prevention. Some
practices commonly described as "in-
process recycling" may qualify as
pollution prevention. Recycling that is
conducted in an environmentally sound
manner shares many of the advantages
of prevention — it can reduce the need
for treatment or disposal, and conserve
energy and recources.
Pollution prevention approaches can
be applied to all pollution-generating
activity: energy, agriculture, federal,
consumer, as well as industrial sectors.
The impairment of wetlands, ground
water sources, and other critical re-
sources constitutes pollution, and
prevention practices may be essential
for preserving these resources. These
practices may include conservation
techniques and changes in management
practices to prevent harm to sensitive
ecosystems. Pollution prevention does
not include practices that create new
risk for concern.
In the agricultural sector, pollution
prevention approaches include:
• reducing the use of water and
chemical inputs;
•	adoption of less environmentally
harmful pesticides or cultivation of
crop strains with natural resistance to
pests; and
•	protection of sensitive areas.
In the energy sector, pollution
prevention can reduce environmental
damages from extraction, processing,
transport and combustion of fuels.
•	increasing efficiency in energy use;
•	substituting environmentally benign
fuel sources; and
•	design changes that reduce the
demand for energy.
Facility Pollution
Prevention Guide
Published
EPA's new Facility Pollution Preven-
tion Guide, a successor to the 1988
Waste Minimization Opportunity As-
sessment Manual, is available to help
small and medium sized production
firms develop broad-based multime-
dia pollution prevention programs.
Worksheets and other information are
included to help facilities identify,
assess, and implement opportunities
for preventing pollution, including
methods of controlling waste creation
during the production process, as well
as product design and redesign. De-
veloped by EPA's Pollution Preven-
tion Research Branch (ORD/RREL)
and Office of Solid Waste, the Guide
(Doc. No. EPA /600/ R-92 /088) can
be ordered by mail from the EPA
Center for Environmental Research
Information Publications Unit, 26 W.
Martin Luther King Drive, Cincin-
nati, OH 45268, or by telephone: 513-
569-7562 or fax: 513-569-7566.

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Pollution Prevention News - 6
June 1992
Research
Microscale Chemistry:
Waste Reduction at the Source
An exciting innovation in educa-
tional laboratories is happening on
a remarkably small level. Based on the
idea, "Why use more than you need?"
microscale chemistry is making head-
way in instructional laboratories in over
700 colleges and universities affecting
60,000 students per year in the United
States.
First developed at Merrrimack
College in Massachusetts and Bowdoin
College in Maine a decade ago,
microscale chemistry began as an effort
to improve the air quality in the instruc-
tional laboratory. While modern labora-
tories were able to perform chemical
analyses with from 5 to 50 milligrams of
material, students had been typically
using 100 or even 1000 times that amount
in their experiments. Microscale chemis-
try involves the use of 25-150 milligrams
of starting material, with consequent
reduction in the amount of solvents used
and waste material generated. Reduction
of scale by this factor results in a more
healthful laboratory environment, better
air quality, reduced risk of explosion or
fire, shortened reaction time for experi-
ments, reduced costs, and elimination of
the production of toxic waste at the
source.
In one typical experiment, the
Grignard reaction, the volume of ether
Carol Strong and Mark Johnston perform a
microscale organic lab experiment.
required by a section of 20 students fell
from 5000mL to 50 mL. The time re-
quired to perform the experiment also
fell from 5.5 to 3.0 hours and the cost of
the experiment dropped by a factor of
100. Recycling of the small amount of
ether, rather than disposal, became a
viable option.
Techniques and glassware have now
been developed to allow students to
manipulate the small quantities of
chemicals involved in microscale
experiments. The standard organic
chemistry kits have had to be totally
redesigned, including a new method of
joining glassware components together
without need of lubricant. New charac-
terization and analysis methods were
DOE Grants Available
The Department of Energy is solicit-
ing innovative ideas for eliminating,
reducing or utilizing gas, liquid or solid
waste streams. Innovators whose
concepts are selected will receive $15-
$20,000 to conduct a preliminary study,
and will have their work presented to
potential investors and collaborators at
the Waste Stream Minimization/
Utilization Technology Fair to be held in
May 1993 in Austin, Texas.
The fair is part of DOE's Innovative
Concepts Program, which encourages
creative approaches for saving energy,
cutting costs, and preserving the
environment, and helps identify
potential users or developers. This is the
second fair based on this theme. The
first was held in April 1991 in Washing-
ton, D.C. where 15 projects were
presented; seven projects were linked
with sponsors and received follow-on
funding ranging from $50,000 to
$300,000.
Applications for participation in the
1993 fair are available from Raymond L.
Watts, K6-54, Pacific Northwest Labora-
tory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352.
developed (ultra-micro boiling points,
preparative gas chromatography, etc.) to
allow for the same measurements at the
smaller scale. Microscale chemistry
textbooks are also available.
Clearly the wave of the future, micro-
scale chemistry has begun to be imple-
mented around the world, with micro-
scale programs in operation in Canada,
Mexico, France, England, China, and
South Africa. Current work involves ex-
tending the technique to the high school
level, and investigating industrial, govern-
mental, and military collaborations.
— Dr. Ronald M. Pike, Dr. Zvi Szafran,
Dr. Mono M. Singh, Dept. of Chemistry,
Merrimack College, North Andover, MA;
Dr. Dana W. Mayo,
Bowdoin College, Brunswick, ME
Cellulose to Ethanol
A North Carolina State Univer-
sity professor, Dr. Irving S.
Goldstein, has developed an
economically feasible process for
converting the cellulose content of
wood and paper in municipal solid
waste into ethanol, an important
alternative fuel. Environmental
benefits include decreasing the
amount of waste entering landfills,
while simultaneously producing a
cleaner substitute fuel for gasoline.
In the new process, concentrated
hydrocholoric acid is used to break
down cellulose into its simple-sugar
constituents in only about 10-15
minutes. Because of the speed with
which complete breakdown (hy-
drolysis) is achieved, a continuous
process can be used, rather than
batch processing. After hydrolysis,
Goldstein uses electrodialysis to
recover concentrated HC1 from the
sugar solution for reuse. "Ethanol
has many other uses besides motor
fuel," Goldstein notes. "Cellulose-
to-ethanol conversion also could
lead to the production, from
renewable resources, of chemicals
and polymers that are vital to our
industrial society." For more
information, contact NC State Univ.
Information Services, 919-515-3470.

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June 1992
7 - Pollution Prevention News
Ohio Environmental Programs Help
Companies Stay Competitive
In the States: Ohio
Gerry Osterman and Harry Stone demonstrate ultra
filtration equipment at the Center.
"T A 7 e're a mid-sized plater.... No, we
V V used to be a mid-sized plater.
Now we are small. Everyone who was
smaller has gone out of business rather
than deal with the environmental stuff."
Sentiments like this Ohio business-
man's haven't gone unnoticed in the
state, which has responded by crafting
programs designed to help companies
stay competitive while improving
environmental quality.
The Center for Applied Environmen-
tal Technologies, a not-for-profit
corporation that provides technical
assistance for the state, is a major part of
Ohio's efforts to help corporations make
the transition to pollution prevention,
rather than just end-of-the-pipe compli-
ance. To do this, the Center, part of the
Institute of Advanced Manufacturing
Sciences in Cincinnati, stresses the
powerful business reasons for adopting
pollution prevention strategies.
"Control technologies virtually
always cost money," says Harry Stone,
manager of the Center. "Pollution
prevention frequently saves money.
When you focus on pollution prevention,
you become more cost competitive."
The Center facilitates technology
transfer and networking among Ohio's
state and educational institutions and its
Pollution Prevention
Software
The University of Dayton, with EPA's
assistance, has developed an IBM-
compatible computer program called
Strategic Waste Minimization Initia-
tive. Manufacturers and engineers can
use the software to identify ways to
reduce was te, prioritize wastestreams
based on cost and volume, and de-
velop strategies for solving waste
problems. The good news is that the
software and user's manual are free!
For information, contact Doug Will-
iams, EPA, 513-569-7361.
businesses. For example,
the Center and the Greater
Cincinnati Chamber of
Commerce plan to hold a
program through which
General Electric Aircraft
will offer to other compa-
nies its research on
alternatives to chlorofluo-
rocarbons. Among other
projects, the Center
provides companies the
on-site technical assistance
needed to develop waste
reduction programs and
comply with regulations. The Center
also provides lists of companies that
supply environmental services and
equipment.
Along with General Electric, the
Center's participants include big players
such as Procter & Gamble, "industry
leaders that think the environmental
challenge is one of the greatest issues for
staying in business over the coming
years," Stone says.
Help for Small Businesses
The Center also provides much
needed information and guidance to
mid-and small-sized companies. John
Weinkam, president and general
manager of Trans-Acc Inc., a job shop in
Blue Ash, Ohio, says that "as a small
business we didn't have the people or
staff to interpret all the regulations or
the resources to catch up and solve the
problems. We contacted about a half-
dozen consultants, but we just couldn't
afford them. If we had the money, that
would be the easy way to go—just hire
them and then pay the bill. Maybe a GE
or Procter & Gamble can afford that, but
we can't. We're just a little firm strug-
gling to survive."
Harry Stone offers a recent example
of how the Center helps struggling
companies: A small firm wanted to bid
on a good-sized painting job, but could
not because the firm's bid for the project
would have included processes that
produced enough emissions to require
permits, permits that the firm did not
have. "We made recommendations to
them about using better technology. We
introduced them to a small paint
manufacturer to get a low-VOC paint.
We also suggested they use a powder-
coating line, which would be zero-VOC,
and replace their standard air pressure
spray gun with an air-assisted airless
spray gun. With that pollution preven-
tion information, they were able to bid
the job," Stone says.
The Center's efforts complement
programs of the Ohio EPA's Pollution
Prevention Section. Besides the financial
support and expertise on compliance
that Ohio EPA offers to the Center for
Applied Environmental Technologies,
the state's pollution prevention section
is identifying and implementing
pollution prevention opportunities for
the Great Lakes region and an effort
similar to the U.S. EPA's 33/50 Program
to reduce chemical emissions. Other
pollution prevention projects at Ohio
EPA include incorporating pollution
prevention requirements in environ-
mental enforcement cases and involve-
ment in implementing a bill designed to
reduce solid waste and encourage
recycling in Ohio's solid waste manage-
ment districts.
For more information, contact the
Center at 513-948-2000.

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Pollution Prevention News - 8			June 1992
Calendar
Title
Sponsor
Date/Location
Contact
Procurement of Recycled
Goods Conference
EPA Region 6
July 9-10
New Orleans, LA
202-393-6226
Future Direction of Municipal
Sludge (Biosolids) Management
Water Environment Federation
July 29-30
Portland, OR
Nancy Blatt
703-684-2400
1992 North American Conf.
on Industrial Recycling and
Waste Exchange
Government Institutes
Sept. 9-10
Syracuse, NY
Colleen Sullivan
301-921-2345
1992 World Congress on
Adventure Travel & Eco-Tourism
UNEP, Canadian Parks Service,
B.C. Ministry of Tourism
Sept. 20-23
Whistler, BC
Tel: 303-649-9016
Fax: 303-649-9017
1st Annual Conf. for Southern
States on Hazardous Waste Min.
MISSTAP, DoD, EPA Regions 4, 6,
MS Dept. of Env. Quality
Sept. 22-24
Biloxi, MS
Dr. J. Carpenter
601-325-8067
Minimization & Recycling
Haz. Materials Control
Resources Institute
Sept. 22-24
Crystal City, VA
HMCRI
301-982-9500
Pollution Prevention
Conference & Expo
R.I. Depts. of Econ. Devel.,
Environmental Management
Sept. 30-Oct.l
Warwick, RI
Eileen Marino
401-277-3434
Budapest '92: Forum
for Technology Transfer
EPA, DOE, Florida State
University, others
Oct. 12-16
Budapest, Hungary
Roy Henderson
904-644-5524
TRI Releases Drop 11 Percent
(Continued from page 1)
metals (569 million pounds), paper
manufacturing (289 million pounds),
transportation (196 million pounds),
plastics (193 million pounds), and
fabricated metals (131 million pounds).
The top five states for 1990 releases were
Louisiana, Texas, Indiana, Tennessee,
and Ohio.
The Toxics Release Inventory is
required by law under the 1986 Emer-
gency Planning and Community Right-
to-Know Act. Facilities covered by
section 313 of the law are required to
submit annually a report to their state
and to EPA listing their releases of any
of more than 300 chemicals and 20
chemical categories into the air, water,
or soil.
The TRI data provide information
on the amount, location, and type of
releases to the environment in commu-
nities. Increasingly, TRI serves as a
vehicle for determining pollution
prevention opportunities. This function
has been enhanced for the 1990 data,
where state rankings are based on total
facility releases, in an effort to commu-
nicate where significant releases to the
environment are occurring.
All TRI data for 1990 and prior years
are available to the public through the
Toxnet national computer database and
on computer data tapes through NTIS.
For more information, call the EPCRA
Hotline at 1-800-535-0202.
Moving?
Please send mailing label and new address to:
United States Environmental
Protection Agency (MC7409)
Washington, DC 20460
Official Business
Penalty for Private Use $300
FIRST CLASS MAIL
POSTAGE & FEES PAID
EPA
PERMIT NO. G-35

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