EPA-910/9-88-202
USER'S GUIDE FOR THE
FUGITIVE DUST MODEL (FDM)
Prepared by:
Kirk D. Winges
Prepared for:
Region 10
U. s. Environmental Protection Agency
1200 sixth Avenue
Seattle, Washington 98101
Project Administrator:
Robert B. Wilson
June, 1988
TIC
Environmental
Consultants
21907 64th Avenue. W,
Suite 230
Mountlake Terrace, WA 98043
(206) 778-5003
A "RC Company
-------
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION 1
2.0 TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION 3
3.0 USER'S INSTRUCTIONS 12
4.0 VALIDATION/SAMPLE RUNS 26
REFERENCES 27
APPENDIX A: VALIDATION STUDY
APPENDIX B: SAMPLE INPUT/OUTPUT RUNS
APPENDIX C: COMPUTER CODE
-------
1
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The Fugitive Dust Model (FDM) is a computerized air quality
model specifically designed for computing concentration and
deposition impacts from fugitive dust sources. The sources may
be point, line or area sources. The model has not been designed
to compute the impacts of buoyant point sources, thus it
contains no plume-rise algorithm. The model is generally based
on the well-known Gaussian Plume formulation for computing
concentrations, but the model has been specifically adapted to
incorporate a gradient-transfer deposition algorithm. Emissions
for each source are broken into a series of particle size
classes and each particle size class has a gravitational setting
velocity and a deposition velocity specified for it. Either
concentration or deposition can be computed at a series of
receptor locations.
The model is designed to work with pre-processed
meteorological data or with card-images of meteorological data
either hourly or in STability ARray (STAR) format. In addition
to a standard printed output, the model allows a "plotter"
output file which consists of a series of records containing
only the x-coordinate, the y-coordinate and an average
concentration. This series of records is printed for each
averaging time requested. The model allows printer and plotter
output for 1-hour averages, 3-hour averages, 8-hour averages,
-------
24-hour averages and a long-term average which is the average
over the entire meteorological data base provided.
Additionally, a sequential output tape for post-processing with
the POSTZ program can be created. Up to 2 00 receptors can be
processed, and up to 100 sources can be processed.
The sources can be of three types: points, lines or areas.
The line source algorithm is based on the CALINE3 line source
routine. The area source algorithm is also based on the CALINE3
routine. For area sources, the user supplies the coordinates of
the center and the dimension in the x and y directions. Area
sources need not be square, but rather can be rectangular, up to
an aspect ratio of 1 to 5 (ratio of width to length) . Area
sources with the length greater than five times the width must
be divided in a series of area sources, or modeled as a line
source. The model divides the area source into a series of line
sources perpendicular to the wind direction. Emissions from all
sources may be divided into a maximum of 20 particle size
classes.
-------
3
2.0 TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION
Basic Equations
The Fugitive Dust Model (FDM) is a Gaussian-plume based air
quality model specifically designed for the analysis of the
dispersion of fugitive dust. The model incorporates a detailed
deposition routine based on the equations of Ermak (1977). The
basic equations as developed by Ermak are as follows:
_ 2 -v (z-h) vV . 2 . >2
c" r^s-5 - ^~UexplZ^~) *
y Z 20^ 8IT 20z 20z
\V1°Z Vl^Z4h) Vl°z Vl°z Z+h
- (2 exp{-i-=— +-y} erfc[-f-5 + 5+£L]} (l)
K K 2K2 2% 2\
where:
c
concentration in g/m3
Q
emission rate in g/sec
u =»
wind speed in m/sec
°V'°Z ™
standard deviation of plume
J
width in m
y,z
coordinates of horizontal and
vertical location in m
Vg
gravitational settling
velocity in m/sec
h =
plume centerline height in m
K
eddy diffusivity
ud
deposition velocity in m/sec
V1
ud - vg/2
The above equation is transformed and manipulated in
several ways by the model, prior to actually computing the
concentrations.
Treatment of Meteorological Conditions
Meteorological data can be provided to the FDM in three
-------
formats: a sequentially processed meteorological data using the
format produced by the RAMMET pre-processor, card images of
hourly meteorological data or a statistically-produced Stability
Array. If sequential meteorological data are used (either the
RAMMET pre-processed format or card image format), the model
requires average values over the shortest averaging period for
wind speed, wind direction, atmospheric stability temperature
and mixing height. Wind speed is used directly in the above
equation to determine the concentration. Wind speed is also
used in combination with temperature and atmospheric stability
to determine the values for deposition velocity if the user asks
the model to compute deposition velocity (the user can
alternatively enter deposition velocities with the input
stream). Wind direction is used to determine the location of
the receptor with respect to the center point of each source in
a coordinate system defined with the wind direction parallel to
the x-axis.
Atmospheric stability is used to determine the values for
the standard deviations of the horizontal and vertical plume
dimension above. The atmospheric stability for each unit of
meteorological data (usually hourly values) is specified as one
of six possible stability classes, using the classification
scheme of Turner (1970). The computation of the actual
parameters from the Turner classification is made using the
equations and coefficients listed in the User's Guide for the
Industrial Source Complex (ISC) Model (EPA, 1986). The
-------
determination of the values for these parameters is based solely
on downwind distance and stability class.
The model is generally very insensitive to values of the
mixing height, since fugitive dust emissions are usually
released at ground level and reflections off the mixing height
are only significant at very far distances from the source or at
elevated receptors. However, the model does consider such
reflections in the standard fashion. Equation (1) is computed
at z » z+nHm anci 2 = z~nHm for even values of n starting with 2
and progressing until concentrations are no longer significant.
The values computed from these reflections are added to the
value computed from the original computation of Equation (1) to
arrive at the total concentration at the receptor height. Some
users have noted very slow computation times when very low
mixing heights are input. Users are urged to consider the
computation time when selecting mixing heights for input to the
model.
Treatment of Deposition
Equation (1) accounts for deposition through two
parameters: the gravitational settling velocity and the
deposition velocity. As its name implies, the gravitational
settling velocity accounts for removal of particulate matter
from the atmosphere due to gravity. Since only the larger
particles have sufficient mass to overcome turbulent eddies,
this mechanism is significant only for the larger size ranges
(e.g. particles greater than 30 micrometers). The deposition
-------
6
velocity accounts for removal of particles by turbulent motion
which brings the particulate matter into contact with the
surface and allows it to be removed by impaction or adsorption
at the surface. It is known that for smaller particles the
deposition velocity is most important in determine the removal
rates, while for larger particles the gravitational settling
process becomes more critical (Nifong and Winchester 1970)- In
the FDM the emission rate, Q, is divided into a user determined
number of particles size classes (maximum of 20) . Each of the
classes has a unique gravitational settling velocity and
deposition velocity. The user may enter these parameters
directly, or may enter characteristic diameters of each particle
and ask - the model to compute the deposition velocity and
gravitational settling velocity using the methods detailed in
Scire et. al. (1986).
The model computes the gravitational settling velocities
for each particle size class using the relationship:
y (2)
g 18 U (21
ci
where: Vg = gravitational settling velocity (m/sec)
dp =» particle diameter (ia)
g - gravitational acceleration (m/sec2)
Pp » particle density (g/m3)
Pq » air density (g/m3)
Ua = viscosity of air ( *= .0183 g/m-sec)
C = Cunningham correction for small
particles (dimensionless)
The factor C is determined from the following expression:
C = 1 + (2L/dp)[ax + a2 Exp(-a3 dp/L) ] (3)
-------
7
where: L = mean free path of air molecules,
0.0000000653 m
ax - 1.257
a.2 - 0.40
a3 ® 0.55
The deposition velocity is determined from the expression:
1
'a "d """a^d^g
where: = Deposition velocity (m/sec)
ua ¦ + vg <4)
Vg =» Gravitational Settling Velocity (m/sec)
rd. = (Sc~2/3 + lO-3/^)"1 u/1
(5)
ra - "ira;— tln<2/20) - sv <6>
-5 z/1 0< z/1 < 1
SYh - ^ 0 . Z/1 = 0 (7)
Exp[0.598 + 0.39 ln(-Z/l) - 0.090 (ln(-Z/l))2]
-1< Z/1 < 0
z =« height above ground (m)
k = von Karman constant (0.35)
u* = friction velocity (m/sec)
Zq = roughness height (m) — a user entered
parameter
1 = Monin-Obukhov Length (m)
The final two parameters in the list above are computed with an
iterative procedure using the equations presented by Draxler
(1979). Table 1 provides some typical values for the roughness
height.
-------
8
Table 1
Typical Values for the Roughness Height
Surface
Roughness Height (ra)
Scrub Oak, average 30-ft height
Long Grass (0.6 - 0.7 m) 1.5 m/sec at 2 m
0.09
0. 037
0.007
0.001
0.0003
1.0
Mown Grass (0.03 m high)
Natural Snow
Sunbaked Sandy Alluvium
Smooth Mud Flat
Ocean Surface, 10-15 m/sec
6.2 m/sec at 2 m
light wind
o.ooooi
0.000021
0.001
ref. Blackadar, A. K., A Survey of Wind Characteristics Below
1500 ft., Meteorological Monographs. 4:22, p3, 1960.
Each particle size class is treated separately by the
model. The results for different particle size classes are
summed at the end to develop a total suspended particulate
concentrations. Alternatively, the model can compute the
deposition rate. In this event, the concentrations for each
particle size class are multiplied by the deposition velocity
for that particle size classes and the results are summed to
determine the total deposition rate.
Emission Rates as a Fwigti
-------
9
Q - Q0us (3)
where: Q » emission rate in g/sec
Qo " proportionality constant
u - wind speed (m/sec)
s * wind speed dependance parameter
The emissions for every source are entered as a proportionality
constant and a wind speed dependance parameter (Q0 and s) . For
sources which do not vary with wind speed, the emission rate is
simply entered for Q0 and 8 is entered as 0 (the default) .
However, for sources which do vary with wind speed both
parameters must be specified. Examples would include the cubic
dependance on wind speed of some wind erosion emission estimates
(Woodruff and Siddoway). Also in "Compilation of Air Pollutant
Emission Factors" (AP-42), many fugitive dust sources are shown
to linearly depend on wind speed, such as batch and continuous
loading and unloading operations and losses from open storage
stockpiles.
Treatment for Line Sources
Line sources are treated virtually the same as the CALINE3
Model (California Department of Transportation, 1979). The code
has actually been lifted from the CALINE3 Model and incorporated
in the FDM for the line source treatment. The CALINE3 line
source algorithm involves the division of the line source into a
series of elements oriented perpendicular to the wind. The
number of elements and their orientation depends on the
geometery of the line source with respect to the receptor and
the wind. Further details on the algorithm for line sources can
-------
10
be found in the User's Guide referenced above. The deposition
capability has been modified to be consistent with the treatment
above.
Treatment C?r Area Swrpeg
Area sources are specified by the user with a center point,
an x-dimension, a y-dimension and the various emission
parameters from Equations (1) and (8) . The model computes
concentrations from the area sources by first rotating
coordinate system so that the origin is at the receptor and the
x-axis is aligned with the wind direction. The portion of the
area source which is upwind (in the range of positive x values)
is considered. The area source is divided into a series of 5
line sources oriented perpendicular to the wind direction. The
line sources are then treated just as the other line sources in
the model. It is possible for receptors to be located within
area sources, but only the portion of the area source upwind of
the receptor is considered.
Special Considerations when Using a star
If meteorological data is provided to the model in the form
of a Stability Array, the model computes concentrations in a
fundamentally different manner from the other meteorological
options. Instead of using the CALINE3 algorithm as the basis
for line and area sources, the model now computes concentrations
as 22.5 degree sector averages, and much of the CALINE3
algorithm is moot. The sector averaging differences are true
for point sources as well. In fact the model calls entirely
-------
different subroutines for computations with a STAR. The option
of writing a sequential output file for post-processing is also
eliminated when running with a STAR. The same deposition
algorithms are used. The main difference is that Equation (1)
is integrated in the cross wind (y) direction from minus
infinity to plus infinity and the result divided evenly over a
the 22.5 degree sector referenced by one of the 16 possible wind
direction categories in the STAR. Thus a point, area or line
source of small x-extent (when compared with downwind distance)
and entirely contained within a 22.5 degree sector will give
roughly the same concentrations at a downwind receptor.
-------
12
3.0 USER'S INSTRUCTIONS
Information is provided to the model in either one or two
files. The first is referred to as the FDM input file and
contains information on the receptors, sources and various model
switches and options. The FDM input file also can contain the
meteorological data, expressed as a series of card-images
(either as a series of 1-hour episodes, or a statistically
produced STability ARray (STAR)). If, however, the user elects
to supply meteorological data in the standard pre-processed
format, using the RAMMET pre-processor program, a second file
must be identified with the meteorological data.
The model was developed on an IBM-PC/XT/AT compatible
computer, but is written in standard FORTRAN code, and may be
adapted for operation on a mainframe or other computer system.
The instructions provided here are those which apply to an IBM-
PC compatable computer, running a standard Disk Operating System
(DOS). The model requirements for PC operation are a minimum of
256 K of memory and a math-coprocessor. An additional
requirement is that the device driver, ANSI.SYS or a compatible
be installed on the machine. The ANSI.SYS file is provided with
most DOS packages. To install it, the user must make sure that
the statement "DEVICE - ANSI.SYS" is present in the CONFIG.SYS
file in the user's root directory of the drive used to boot the
computer. It should be noted that some operating systems
-------
13
provide their own special version of the ANSI.SYS device driver.
For example the commercial software called DOUBLEDOS provides a
version called "DBLDANSI.SYS". The FDM package is compatible
with any such device driver.
The program prompts the user for the names of the input
files and output files. The input files must have been prepared
prior to the operation of the run. Directions for preparing the
FDM input file are detailed in the next section of this chapter.
If the meteorological option is selected to provide the data in
pre-processed format, it must be in a standard "UNFORMATTED"
file. Compilers differ in the form for "UNFORMATTED" files,
thus it, may be necessary to run a separate program, also
provided in this package, called "UNFORMAT" which will take a
formatted file containing the RAMMET pre-processed output and
transform it to an unformatted file, suitalble for the FDM input.
Contained in the diskettes which are provided is a FORTRAN
program for transforming the data if required, along with a test
data set illustrating the use of this program.
Once the input files are prepared and stored on a disk
drive, the FDM program is initiated by typing "FDM". The
program prompts for the name of the input files, and prompts for
file names where the output files are to go.
CAUTION — The FDM program will
erase old files with the same name
as that specified for output, so
that if the user enters a name for
the output file which already
exists on the disk drive, it will
be overwritten.
-------
14
There are three types of output files which can be created.
Output options are discussed in Section 3.2.
3.1 The FDM Input File
The FDM input file provides the model with most, if not
all, of the information needed for execution of the program.
Information is provided to the model through a series of card
images which consist of a maximum of 80 columns of data. Table
1 provides a summary of the information needed and the format
for each entry in the file. Sample input files and output files
are included on the diskette.
The meaning and possible values for each of the parameters
is explained in Table 2.
3.2 The FDM output files
Output can be obtained from FDM in three formats. First,
the standard output file, as contained on the diskette, which
documents all the inputs and the computed concentrations or
depositions for the model. The second form of output is a
"plotter" file which contains every concentration printed by the
model along with the coordinates for that concentrations. The
format is a generic form which simply presents the x coordinate,
the y coordinate and the concentration/deposition.
The third format for the output is a sequential tape of
concentrations for post processing by the POSTZ program,
available on the UNAMAP system. POSTZ is a post-processor
designed for the SHORTZ air quality model. The SHORTZ air
quality model has the capability of writing an output tape of
-------
15
sequential concentrations for every combination of
meteorological condition, source and receptor. These tapes, on
the IBM PC system take the form of a disk file. FDM has been
equipped with the option of writing a tape of a format suitable
for input to the POSTZ program. Much of the information on the
tape is not used by the POSTZ model, thus in many cases the FDM
has been instructed to write "dummy" variables to the tape to
keep the format correct, but which do not enter in the
calculation of any of the POSTZ results.
The advantage to the POSTZ post-processor option is that
many alternate averaging times can be examined, specific periods
of a longer meteorological data base can be examined, the
results for certain sources can be scaled up or down, and a
number of other manipulations can be performed with the data.
The POSTZ program also prepares high-five and top 50 tables
which are useful for many regulatory applications of the model.
The major disadvantages to using the POSTZ program are that
the sequential tape file written by FDM for POSTZ input can be
very large, and can exceed the capacity of many typical hard
disks. For example, a run containing IS sources, 200 receptors
and 1 year of sequential meteorological data will write a tape
file that is over 100,000,000 bytes in length. Discretion must
be exercised when selecting this option.
-------
16
TABLE 2
SUMMARY OF INFORMATION REQUIRED FOR FDM INPUT
Card 1 Title Card
£21 Format
1-80 A80
Information
Title
Card 2
Col
2
Switches
Format
II
II
II
8
II
10
II
Information
Concentration/Deposition Switch.
If *1 then model computes
concentration. If ¦ 2 then model
computes deposition. Default is
1.
Met. Option Switch. If - 1 then
met. data is read from cards
(format shown below). If » 2 then
met is read from pre-processed
meteorological file. If = 3 then
meteorological data is read as a
STAR contained later in this input
file. Note that the selection of
the STAR option makes many of the
later options not applicable.
Default is 1.
Plotter Output Switch. If = 1
then no plotter file is made. If
¦ 2 then a plotter file name is
asked for and the model writes a
file with a formatted output of x,
y, concen. for every averaging
time requested to be analyzed.
Default is 1.
Print Output Switch. If - l then
meteorological data are not
printed. If - 2 then
meteorological data are printed.
Default is 1.
Post Processor Switch. If - l
then no post processor file is
written. If « 2, then a post
processor file is written which
can be processed with the POSTZ
program to develop High-5 tables,
scale sources, or other
-------
operations. The user should see
the POSTZ User's Guide for further
information. This option is not
available and this switch is
ignored when the met. option
switch =» 3. Default is 1.
Deposition Parameters Option
Switch. If * 1 then the model
will compute deposition velocity
and gravitational settling
velocity automatically on an hour
by hour basis. If «¦ 2 then the
User will enter single values of
the deposition velocity and
gravitational velocity for each
particle size class to be used for
all hours. Default is 1.
1-Hour Switch. If ¦ 1 then 1-hour
average concentrations are not
printed, If - 2 then 1-hour
average concentrations are
printed. This option is not
available and this switch is
ignored when the met. option
switch - 3. Default is 1.
3-Hour Switch. If - 1 then 3-hour
average concentrations are not
printed. If ¦ 2 then 3-hour
average concentrations are
printed. This option is not
available and this switch is
ignored when the met. option
switch - 3. Default is 1.
8-Hour Switch. If - 1 then 8-hour
average concentrations are not
printed. If ~ 2 then 8-hour
average concentrations are
printed. This option is not
available and this switch is
ignored when the met. option
switch -3. Default is L
24-Hour Switch. If... • 1 then 24-
hour average concentrations are
not printed, if • 2 then 24-hour
average concentrations are
printed. This option is not
available and this switch is
-------
18
ignored when the met. option
switch = 3. Default is 1.
22 II Long-term Switch. If = 1 then
average concentrations over the
entire meteorological data base
provided are not printed. If « 2
then such long term average
concentrations are printed. This
option is not available and this
switch is ignored when the met.
option switch « 3. Default is 1.
STAR Data (These Cards are only read if Met. Option
Switch » 3)
Format Information
6F10.0 A total of 96 cards are read here
with the information being the
frequency of winds for each
combination of wind speed class,
wind direction class and
atmospheric stability class. Each
card contains six values
corresponding to the six possible
wind speed classes. The order of
the cards is 16 cards for the 16
possible wind direction classes
for the first stability class,
followed by the next 16 cards for
the second stability class,
followed by 16 cards for each
subsequent stability class up to
the final (sixth) stability class.
The wind direction cards are
ordered with north being first,
north-northeast being second and
proceeding clockwise until north-
northwest is entered. Stabilities
start with Turner Class A, and
proceed to Turner Class F. The
sum of all 576 values entered here
should be 1.0.
Card 4 Mixing Heights for each Stability Class when using a
STAR (This Card is only read if Met. Option Switch -
3)
£2l FPCTat Information
1-60 ) 6F10.0 Six values are read here to
indicate the characteristic mixing
height to be used with each
stability class when using a STAR
for input meteorological data.
Card 3
Col
1-60
-------
19
Mixing heights should be entered
in meters above ground.
Card 5 characteristic Wind speeds for each wind speed class
when using a STAR (This Card is only read if Met.
Option Switch - 3)
Col Format Information
1-60 6F10.0 Six values are read here to
indicate the characteristic wind
speed to be used by the model for
each of the wind speed classes
when manning with meteorological
data entered in the form of a
STAR. Wind speed values should be
entered in meters per second.
Card 6 integer Parameters
coi Format information
I-5 15 Number of Sources
6-10 15 Number of Receptors
II-15 15 Number of Particle Size Classes,
with a maximum of 20 allowed.
Note that in order to compute any
deposition values or to compute
any concentrations which have
deposition accounted for, this
parameter must be set to some
value other than o.
16-20 15 Number of Hours of Meteorological
data to be processed in this run.
Card 7 Real Parameters
coi Format information
I-10 F10.0 ATIM - the length of time in one
unit of meteorological data entry
in minutes. Generally, this is
entered as 60.
II-20 F10.0 Surface Roughness Height in cm.
21-30 F10.0 SC&L - a scaling factor for all
entries involving distance. The
modal assumes all entries for
coordinates or dimensions are in
meters* - If the user desires to
enter some other units, he may
enter a conversion factor here
such that when the unit* he has
entered are multiplied by SCAL the
result will be in meters.
-------
20
31-40 F10.0 PD - the density of the
particulate matter in grams per
cubic meter. Typical values range
from 1.0 to 3.0 depending on the
type of material which comprises
the particulate matter.
Card 8 Meteorological Data Selection Switches. These cards
are entered only if a sequentially pre-processed
meteorological data set is being used (Met. option
Switch » 2). The switches allow the user to select a
certain portion of the sequential data set for
processing and skip the rest.
£2l Format Information
1-80 8011 A series of l's or zero's is used
to determine if a particular day
from the sequentially pre-
processed meteorological data set
is to be processed in this run.
The first number entered
corresponds to day 1, etc. A
total of 366 values (4 and 1/2
cards) is needed to enter all 366
values. If a 1 is entered the day
is to be processed, if a zero is
entered the day is to be skipped.
Card 9 Characteristic Particle Diameters (not entered if the
Number of Particle size Classes is 0)
Col Format Information
1-10 8F10.0 The average or typical diameter
for each particle size class is
entered here in micrometers (um or
meters X 10"6) . A total of 20
particle size classes can be
specified and a characteristic
diameter must be specified for
each particle size class used. 8
values can be placed on each card
here. Use as many cards as
necessary to provide the number of
particle size classes specified,
but do not include any blank
cards.
Card 10 General Particle Size Distribution (not entered if the
,Number of Particle Size Classes is 0)
£&1 formal; Ing
-------
21
here. A total of 20 particle size
classes can be specified and a
fraction must be specified for
each particle size class used. 8
values can be placed on each card
here. Use as many cards as
necessary to provide the number of
particle size classes specified,
but do not include any blank
cards. This card refers to a
general particle size distribution
which is used for all sources here
unless over-ridden by a specific
switch entered on each source
card. When over-ridden on the
source cards which follow, the
user may specify a specific size
distribution to use for a specific
source, or may have the model
assume no deposition for a
specific source.
Card 11 Gravitational Settling Velocities. This card is only
entered if the number of particle size classes is
greater then zero and the deposition parameters
options switch is set to 2. Otherwise, the model
computes gravitational settling velocities
automatically. This option is only used if the user
has some reason to use specialized gravitational
settling velocities.
Col Format Information
1-10 8F10.0 The gravitational settling
velocities in m/sec are entered
here. A total of 20 particle size
classes can be specified and a
gravitational settling velocity
must be specified for each
particle size class used. 8
values can be placed on each card
here* Use as many cards as
necessary to provide the number of
particle size classes specified,
but do not include any blank
cards.
Card 12 Deposition Velocities. This card is only entered if
the number of particle size classes is greater then
zero and the deposition parameters options switch is
set to 2. Otherwise, the model computes deposition
velocities automatically. This option is only used if
the user has some reason to use specialized deposition
velocities.
-------
22
Col
1-10
Format
8F10.0
Information
The deposition velocities in m/sec
are entered here. A total of 20
particle size classes can be
specified and a deposition
velocity must be specified for
each particle size class used. 8
values can be placed on each card
here. Use as many cards as
necessary to provide the number of
particle size classes specified,
but do not include any blank
cards.
Card 13 Receptors
Q3l FQETOat
1-10 F10.0
11-20
21-30
F10.0
F10.0
Information
X-Coordinate of receptors in
meters, or in units which will be
converted to meters when
multiplied by SCAL entered above.
Y-Coordinate (units as above)
2-Coordinate
Card 14
2
Source Information
FPPffat;
II
II
3-15
F12.0
Each receptor is entered on a
single card. A total of 200
receptors may be specified.
Type of source. 1 = point source,
2 » line source, and 3 » area
source.
Particle size override switch. If
this switch is left blank or set
to 0, the model uses the particle
size distribution specified in
card 10 to apply to this source.
If, however, this value is set to
1, the model reads a second card
(or as many cards as necessary) ,
after card 14 to specify the
particle size distribution for
this source. If this value is set
to 2, the model assumes no
deposition for this source.
Emission rate. For point sources,
the units are grams per second
(g/sec). For line sources the
units are grams per meter per
second (g/m-sec). For area
sources the units are grams per
square meter per second (g/m2-
-------
23
16-20 F5.0
21-30 F10.0
31-40 F10.0
41-50 F10.0
sec). Note if this source is a
wind-speed dependant source, the
emission rate entered here is the
proporitonality constant of the
wind speed dependant espression of
the form: E - Q0uw where E is the
emission rate, Qq is the
proportionality constant, u is the
wind speed in m/sec and w is the
wind speed dependance factor.
Wind speed dependance factor. See
the note under emissions above.
If the source is not a function of
wind' speed, leave this column
blank and enter the emission rate
in colums 3-15 as above.
X-coordinate. For point sources,
this is the x-coordinate of the
source. For line sources, this is
the x-coordinate of one end of the
line source. For area sources,
this is the x-coordinate of the
center of the area source. In all
cases the values are in meters, or
in units which will be converted
to meters when the computer
multiplies by the value entered
for SCAL above.
Y-coordinate. For point sources,
this is the y-coordinate of the
source. For line sources this is
the y-coordinate for one end of
the line source (the same end as
the above x-coordinate). For area
sources, this is the y-coordinate
of the center of the area source.
In all cases the values are in
meters, or in units which will be
converted to meters when the
computer multiplies by the value
entered for SCAL above.
2nd X-coordinate. For point
sources, this column is not used.
For line sources, this is the x-
coordinate for the other end of
the line source. For area
sources, this is the x-dimension
of the area source. In all cases
the values are in meters, or in
units which will be converted to
meters when the computer
multiplies by the value entered
-------
24
for SCAL above.
51-60 F10.0 2nd Y-coordinate. For point
sources, this column is not used.
For line sources, this is the y-
coordinate for the other end of
the line source. For area
sources, this is the y-dimension
of the area source. In all cases
the values are in meters, or in
units which will be converted to
meters when the computer
multiplies by the value entered
for SCAL above.
61-70 F10.0 Height of emission. The release
height for the emissions from this
source in meters, or in units
which will be converted to meters
when the computer multiplies by
the value entered for SCAL above.
There is no plume rise in FDM,
thus for a source with plume rise,
the plume rise must be computed
manually and added to the stack
height and entered here.
71-80 F10.0 Source width. This parameter
applies only to line sources, and
refers to the width of the line
source in meters, or in units
which will be converted to meters
when the computer multiplies by
the value entered for SCAL above.
Card 14A Optional Particle Size data for Source
If the particle size switch in
column 3 of the source card is set
to 1, then this card (or group of
cards) is read, otherwise, this
card (or cards) is not read and
should not be included. This card
(or cards) specifies the particle
size distribution for this source
only and follows the exact same
format as Card 10.
QSl Format Information
1-10 8F10.0 The fraction of the emissions
which are contained in each
particle size class are entered
here. A total of 20 particle size
classes can be specified and a
fraction must be specified for
each particle size class used. 8
values can be placed on each card
-------
25
here. Use as many cards as
necessary to provide the number of
particle size classes specified,
but do not include any blank
cards.
Card 15 Meteorological data
£21
I-10
II-20
25
31-40
41-50
Format
F10.0
F10.0
II
F10.0
F10.0
Meteorological data are entered
only if the met option switch is
set to 1. If meteorological data
are to be entered here, each hour
of data is entered on a separate
card. Note that none of the
meteorological values are affected
by the specification of SCAL
above.
Information
Wind speed in m/sec.
Wind direction — the direction in
degrees from north from which the
wind is coming.
Stability class, where 6 values
are possible and reflect Turner
classes A-F, and 1-A, 2-B, 3-C,
4-D, 5»E and 6»F.
Mixing Height in meters.
Ambient Temperature in degrees
Kelvin.
-------
26
4.0 VALIDATION/SAMPLE RUNS
A validation study was performed using measured air quality
and meteorological data from a major western surface mining
operation. Appendix A details the validation study and results.
As the appendix indicates, the FDM model offers improved
performance over the currently-recommended model for fugitive
dust impact assessment, the Industrial Source complex Model.
Appendix B provides samples of input and output streams for
the FDM Model. These are actually sample input streams from the
validation study.
Appendix C contains a complete listing of the FORTRAN code
for the FDM Model. The version of the code contained in the
appendix is that used for IBM-PC computers, some minor changes
would be necessary to generate a mainframe computer code from
the code contained in the appendix.
-------
27
REFERENCES
California Department of Transportation, 1979. "CALINE3 - A
versatile Dispersion Model for Predicting Air Pollutant Levels
Near Highways and Arterial Streets", Office of Transportation
Laboratory, Department of Transportation, State of California,
Sacramento, California 95807, No. FHWA/CA/TL-79/23.
Draxler, R. R., 1979. "Estimating Vertical Diffusion from
Routine Meteorological Tower Measurements," Atmospheric
Environment. Voll3, pp.1559-1564.
Ermak, D. L., 1977. "An Analytical Model for Air Pollutant
Transport and Deposition from a Point Source," Atmospheric
Environment. Vol.11, pp. 231-237.
EPA, 1986. "Industrial Source Complex (ISC) Dispersion Model
User's Guide - Second Edition, Volume I., EPA_450/4-86-005a,
June. —
Nifong, G. D. and Winchester, J. W., 1970. "Particle Size
Distributions of Trace Elements in Pollution Aerosols,"
University of Midhigan, Document No. C00-1705-8, August.
Scire, J. S., D. C. Dichristofaro and D. G. Strimaitis, 1986.
"Development and Application of a Deposition Modeling Approach
for PCDD and PCDF Emissions from the Proposed Brooklyn Navy Yard
Resource Recovery Facility," Sigma Research Corporation,
Lexington Massachusetts, Report No. A026-100.
Turner, D. B. 1970. "Workbook of Atmospheric Dispersion
Estimates," AP-26, EPA Research Triangle Park, N.C.
-------
APPENDIX A
VALIDATION STUDY FOR THE FDM MODEL
-------
A-1
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The Fugitive Dust Model (FDM) was developed specifically for computing
concentrations and deposition rates of particulate matter from fugitive dust
sources. This document details a validation study of the model. Model
predictions were computed using daily emission data and on-site meteorology
from a major source of fugitive dust (a western surface mining operation), and
the results were compared with measured values for the same period. Similar
computations were performed with the current model recommended by EPA in the
Guideline on Air Quality Models -- the Industrial Source Complex (ISC) Model.
The FDM Model is designed specifically for computation of the impacts of
fugitive dust sources. It has been under development for many years in several
formats. The primary use of the model is for the computation of concentrations
and deposition rates resulting from emission sources such as open pit mining
operations or hazardous waste sites where fugitive dust is a concern. The
model contains no plume rise algorithm and is thus not capable of handling
buoyant sources. It was recognized from the start that ultimate acceptance of
the model would hinge on its ability to accurately predict concentrations from
fugitive dust sources. To that end, a model validation effort was conceived
using actual fugitive dust emissions and measured particulate concentrations.
This report documents the findings of the validation exercise.
The current report is organized into three sections, in addition to this
introduction. Section 2.0 describes the methodology, and the key modeling
-------
A-2
Input values such as the model layout used in the current study. Section 3.0
discusses the modeling results and compares the values to measured values.
Finally, Section 4.0 presents the conclusions of the investigation.
-------
A-3
2.0 METHODOLOGY AND MODEL INPUTS
Both FDM and ISC are capable of predicting average concentrations of both
Total Suspended Particulate Matter (TSP) and particulate matter less than 10
micrometers in mass mean diameter (PM-10) for a variety of averaging times.
The averaging periods of interest are those for which standards or PSD
increments are in effect. In most air quality permitting investigations, the
period of greatest concern for fugitive dust impacts is the 24-hour average,
since both a standard and a PSD increment exist for 24-hour PM-10 and TSP
concentrations respectively. Although a similar standard exists for annual-
average concentrations, the experience gained from the conduct of air quality
permitting investigations indicates that most fugitive dust emitting projects
have far more difficulty demonstrating compliance with the 24-hour criteria
than the annual criteria. As a result, this investigation focuses on 24-hour
average concentrations. For the FDM model one version of the program deals
with all averaging times, but for the ISC model separate versions are available
for computing short- and long-term averages. The ISCST (for Short lerm)
version of the ISC Model was used in this investigation.
The current validation exercise was conducted using data obtained from a
large western surface coal mining operation. The mining operation was selected
for the validation study for the following reasons:
o Mining operations are major sources of fugitive dust, and have
been the subject of numerous air quality studies and
investigations dating back; to ch% Mjrly s . *MbUsheil
emission factors are available for most mining sources, and most
western air pollution agencies have had to deal ;yith the complex
problems associated with computing mining fugitive dust impacts.
-------
A-4
o The mining industry and the particular mining company in
question were very cooperative in providing the data and
information necessary for the model validation.
o The mine in question is a large operation and has an extensive
monitoring network for measurement of both PM-10 and TSP
concentrations at a total of 5 stations located in the immediate
area of the mine. Many have referred to the mine as the "most
monitored mine in the history of the industry".
o In addition to the air quality data, on-site meteorological data
were available for the validation investigation.
o Both the air quality and meteorological data are collected in
compliance with the full requirements of a PSD monitoring
network, including quality assurance provisions. The data are
routinely submitted to the local air pollution agency as part of
the permit for the mining operation.
Data were obtained from the mining company for a period of one entire dry
season, April through September of 1986. Since sampling was conducted on a
six-day cycle for TSP and PM-10, a total of 32 case days were available for the
validation study.
The emission inventory for the current investigation was computed for each
of the 32 case days studied. Published emission factors taken from the
literature were used in the analysis. Generally, reliance was made on the
EPA's emission factor reference, Document AP-42. The mining company provided
the input information needed to compute the emissions from the factors for each
of the 32 case days. Information provided by the mining company included
tonnage mined, transported and processed (crushed) on each day, and the tonnage
and locations for disposal of the waste material removed on each day. Other
general information on the equipment in use at the mine and the schedule for
each item were also provided.
The emissions from the mining operation were divided into a total of 56
separate sources for FDM input, based on the actual layout of the mine. For
the haul roads, a total of 27 separate sections of road were identified, and
-------
the actual truck traffic identified for each section. Emissions were computed
for each section of road based on the activity on that section of road for each
case day. Figure 2-1 illustrates the location of the sources as defined by the
FDM Model.
For the ISC model runs, it was not possible to use the same emission
source layout as the FDM runs, since ISC does not have the capability to treat
line sources directly. As a result, each of the FDM line sources were broken
into a series of volume sources for ISC input. Also, ISC does not have the
capability to treat rectangular area sources, so the area source layout was
revised for square area sources only. For the ISC runs a total of 170
individual sources were used in the modeling. The total emissions for each
case day were identical in the FDM and ISC model inputs.
Particle size distributions assumed in the modeling consisted of five
separate particle size classes: 0-2.5, 2.5*5, 5-10, 10-15 and >15 micrometers.
The modeling results were interpreted in terms of both the total suspended
particulate (TSP) concentrations (the sum of all particle size classes) and the
concentration of particles smaller than 10 micrometer? in mass mean diameter
(PM-10). The PM-10 concentrations were computed as the sum of the first three
particle size classes from the modeling. Particle size distributions of
emitted sources were obtained from literature measurements of particle size
distributions in the vicinity of mining operations.
A total of five air quality monitoring station* located in the project
area. The stations aria identified by number. The locations of the stations
are shown in Figure 2-1. Following are descriptions of aach of the stations:
o AQ-1 Located in the center of the mining operation by the haul
road to the waste dump. The station consists of two co-located
-------
jrJI
* AQ-2
* AQ—6
AQ-1
* AQ—3
* AQ-5
* Air Quality Monitoring Station
* Point Source
— Line Source (Haul Road)
~ Area Source
1.0 km
Figure 2-1
Mine Layout in
the Air Quality
Model
-------
A-7
PM-10 monitors and a meteorological station.
o AQ-2 Located atop the ridge to the north of the mine. It is
often a background station, with little impact from the mine.
Equipment consists of a PM-10 monitor and a TSP monitor.
o AQ-3 Located to the east of the major mining operations.
Equipment includes a PM-10 monitor and two co-located TSP
monitors.
o AQ-5 Located to the south of the mine. It consists of a PM-10
monitor and a TSP monitor.
o AQ-6 Located to the north west of the mining operation on a
hill. Equipment consists of a PM-10 monitor and a TSP monitor.
Measured PM-10 and TSP data at the five monitoring stations were compiled by
the mining company and transmitted to TRC in hard copy and floppy disk format.
TRC extracted the case days from the overall particulate data and input the
values to a "spread-sheet" program for comparison with the model predictions.
The ultimate goal of this investigation was to compare the model
predictions to these measured data. The modeled concentrations, however,
contain only the contribution of the mining operation to the ambient
particulate levels, while the monitored values contain all particulates,
whether from the mine or not. The "background" contribution to the particulate
loading is highly variable and difficult to quantify. The approach taken here
to estimation of background concentrations was to scan all five measured values
for each case day and select the lowest value as the background. The modeled
concentrations, discussed in the next chapter, are added to the background for
each day to determine the total impact for comparison to the measured values.
Meteorology is measured at several locations in the vicinity of the sine.
Two candidate locations were considered for the air quality modeling study: a
monitor location near AQ-1 and a monitor location near AQ-6 (see Figure 2-1).
Ultimately the AQ-1 meteorology data were selected based on the quality of the
data and the representative nature of the wind speed and wind direction data to
the mine emission sources. Examination of Figure 2-1 shows the location of the
monitor to be central to the emitting sources at the mine.
Both the FDM and ISC models require information on the hourly values for
wind speed, wind direction temperature, atmospheric stability and mixing
height. Wind speed, wind direction and temperature are measured directly by
-------
A-8
the sensors at AQ-1. Atmospheric stability is a measure of the turbulent
mixing capacity of the atmosphere and was estimated for the current
investigation from the standard deviation of the wind direction, also recorded
at AQ-1. Stability is expressed as one of 6 classes labeled A through F, where
A is the least stable (greatest turbulent mixing) and F is the most stable
(least turbulent mixing). The conversion from standard deviation of the wind
direction to stability is accomplished as follows (based on Gifford, 1976):
For fugitive dust impacts, results are generally very insensitive to
values used for mixing height because the emissions are released at or near the
ground, and the impacts are generally very close to the source. As a result
the emissions have little opportunity to mix vertically to the height of the
mixing layer. To provide the models with values for these required values,
mixing heights were assigned by stability class using the following general
values:
Standard Deviation
Stability Class
>22.5
17.5 - 22.5
12.5 - 17.5
7.5 - 12.5
3.75 - 7.5
< 3.75
A
B
C
D
E
F
Stability Class
Mixing Height (m)
A
B
C
D
E
F
1,600.
1,200.
800.
400.
10,000.
10,000.
-------
A-9
3.0 AIR QUALITY MODELING RESULTS
The FDM and ISC models were run for the 32 case days identified earlier
and the predicted concentrations, both PM-10 and TSP, computed as the sum of
the modeled concentration and the background as discussed earlier. The results
are presented in two formats here. First, the measured versus predicted values
are shown in Tables 3-1 through 3-4 for FDM TSP, ISC TSP, FDM PM-10 and ISC PM-
10 respectively. Second, a "scatter plot" of the measured and predicted values
for these same four cases are shown in Figures 3-1 through 3-4.
The performance of each model is generally good for most of the days given
the usual accuracy of air quality models. However, the figures clearly show a
tendency on the part of ISC for large over-predictions on a few case days. It
is these case days which are of greatest concern to regulators, since the 24-
hour TSP standards and PSD increments refer only to the highest one or two days
Per year.
A number of different techniques, including cumulative frequency plots,
and various statistical functions have been used in the past to evaluate air
quality model performance. Air quality models are frequently quoted to predict
Within a factor of two, thus one means of comparison is to determine what
number of the data points are within a factor of two. For FDM, the TSP
Predicted results are within a factor of two of the measured results for 94
Percent of the values. For the FDM PM-10 results, the measured and predicted
values are within a factor of two for 96 percent of the values. For the ISC
results, the same comparison shows 87 percent for TSP and 86 percent for PM-10.
-------
Table 3-1. Comparison of Measured and FDM Predicted TSP Concentrations (ug/m3)
Day Date
1
3/21/86
2
3/27/86
3
4/8/86
4
4/14/86
5
4/20/86
6
4/26/86
7
5/2/86
8
5/8/86
9
5/14/86
10
5/20/86
11
5/26/86
12
6/1/86
13
6/7/86
14
6/13/86
15
6/19/86
16
6/25/86
17
7/2/86
18
7/7/86
19
7/13/86
20
7/19/86
21
7/25/86
22
7/31/86
23
8/6/86
24
8/12/86
25
8/18/86
26
8/24/86
27
8/30/86
28
9/5/86
29
9/11/86
30
9/17/86
31
9/23/86
32
9/29/86
AQ-2
Meas. Pred.
40.9 39.6
9.6 9.9
14.8 10.6
23.2 15.9
13.5 10.9
7.9 7.2
10.2 9.4
19.9 18.2
11.9 6.1
11.7 8.4
36.6 27.6
20.2 18.3
34.8 29.7
13.8 16.2
37.2 38.3
27.6 25.7
25.4 19.3
36.7 31.1
32.2 28.5
22.6 16.1
34.3 29.2
41.6 30.3
36.8 30.6
27.6 19.5
36.9 28.2
28.9 27.2
AO-3
Meas. Pred.
22.7 30.1
40.0 33.7
21.2 15.4
14.3 10.9
14.9 66.1
10.1 9.4
18.3 18.3
44.0 17.9
26.7 18.6
48.8 58.7
23.9 45.2
76.2 67.8
43.0 37.1
64.8 49.5
46.9 31.1
35.5 31.0
33.5 35.4
58.7 39.0
57.8 49.7
52.1 44.1
57.2 41.4
45.4 28.2
32.5 27.5
AQ-S
Meas. Pred.
35.8 11.2
22.6 10.4
10.5 9.8
17.9 15.3
16.2 1U4
5.8 4.7
17.3 10.1
33.1 19.9
16.1 8.6
11.5 8.9
27.5 27.6
33.0 18.8
27.3 27.6
29.2 14.1
30.7 27.0
17.3 17.4
31.1 31.1
31.7 29.0
15.4 15.4
34.5 31.4
29.5 28.1
53.8 32.1
26.6 19.2
35.5 28.3
45.7 27.2
64.4 27.4
52.7 33.6
9.5 5.4
37.7 29.3
30.5 13.2
AQ-6
Meas. Pred.
11.1
13.2
39.3
54.7
7.6
11.0
9.8
14.5
15.3
15.4
10.9
10.9
4.7
4.7
9.4
9.4
18.2
18.2
6.1
6.1
8.4
8.4
37.7
27.7
18.3
18.3
58.0
38.2
15.5
24.7
34.5
39.8
25.1
25.8
21.8
29.4
32.0
32.5
28.3
28.3
25.7
50.5
28.9
30.3
28.0
38.5
30.1
31.8
18.9
25.1
28.2
28.2
27.1
27.1
25.7
26.2
32.3
38.6
4.7
4.9
26.9
37.6
12.9
13.3
-------
Table 3-2. Comparison of Measured and FDM Predicted PM-10 Concentrations (ug/m3)
AQ-1
AQ-2
AQ—3
AQ-5
AQ-6
V
Date
Meas.
Pred.
Meas.
Pred.
Meas.
Pred.
Meas.
Pred.
Meas.
Pred.
1
3/21/86
17.0
14.0
6.0
5.4
15.4
9.9
12.4
4.4
4.4
5.0
2
3/27/84
36.9
29.3
22.5
19.4
19.3
31.4
3
4/8/86
8.6
13.4
4.2
4.4
14.6
13.1
13.5
4.4
3.6
U.l
4
4/14/86
21.4
16.5
4.7
4.9
10.2
11.6
5.5
4.7
5.8
6.4
5
4/20/86
17.3
13.1
11.8
10.5
12.1
10.1
10.6
10.1
10.1
10.t
6
4/26/86
14.7
8.7
7.2
5.4
5.4
5.4
6.7
5.5
5.9
5.4
7
5/2/86
4.5
6.4
4.5
3.4
6.1
20.3
3.7
2.7
2.7
2.7
a
5/8/86
16.2
13.6
4.1
4.1
5.0
4.1
6.1
4.3
4.2
4.1
9
5/14/86
16.0
15.4
9.5
8.5
8.9
8.5
12.5
9.0
8.5
8.5
10
5/20/86
7.4
8.3
3.5
2.7
10.2
6.0
3.5
3.4
2.7
2.7
11
5/26/86
6.4
4.2
5.1
4.0
4.5
4.2
4.0
4.0
12
6/1/86
19.5
14.9
20.7
14.3
18.7
14.4
14.3
14.3
19.9
14.4
13
6/7/86
15.5
12.6
8.4
8.4
11.2
8.5
13.3
8.6
9.8
8.4
U
6/13/86
20.0
21.1
23.2
28.8
16.3
16.4
23.6
19.7
15
6/19/86
15.7
19.6
10.0
7.6
10.1
16.6
11.3
8.0
7.6
7.6
16
6/25/86
29.5
26.2
24.4
20.4
31.8
29.1
19.2
19.4
21.4
21.0
17
7/2/86
28.2
22.1
19.0
13.8
20.7
17.0
14.9
14.2
13.6
13.8
18
7/7/86
24.1
14.7 "
14.1
11.2
25.8
20.0
10.6
10.6
12.6
15.2
19
7/13/86
23.1
20.4
22.6
19.7
22.7
19.7
19.7
19.7
20
7/19/86
24.9
23.1
19.9
17.2
18.8
18.0
18.7
17.4
17.2
17.2
21
7/25/86
12.0
11.7
13.8
10.7
15.5
16.2
10.S
10.5
22
7/31/86
25.8
27.7
21.9
17.3
29.6
20.1
21.9
18.0
17.2
17.6
23
8/6/86
26.3
23.0
24.7
19.7
26.6
24.9
19.7
18.7
18.7
23.7
24
8/12/86
43.2
30.5
22.8
18.8
25.6
22.7
30.1
19.3
18.7
19.2
25
8/18/86
38.7
37.9
15.7
12.2
33.7
18.5
16.5
12.1
12.0
15.8
26
8/24/86
24.1
21.3
22.1
18.9
21.0
18.9
18.9
18.9
27
8/30/86
19.9
15.8
16.9
14.4
14.6
14.5
21.1
14.4
14.4
14.4
28
9/5/86
65.9
29.2
34.1
16.5
16.0
16.1
29
9/11/86
35.0
25.2
24.9
19.0
18.6
20.5
30
9/17/86
6.7
21.3
4.4
3.2
3.0
3.0
31
9/23/86
27.0
26.9
19.7
23.3
32
9/29/86
20.1
25.2
13.5
8.6
8.5
8.6
-------
Table 3-3. Comparison of Measured and ISC Predicted TSP Concentrations (ug/m3)
Day Date
1
3/21/86
2
3/27/86
3
4/8/86
4
4/14/86
5
4/20/86
6
4/26/86
7
5/2/86
8
5/8/86
9
5/14/86
10
5/20/86
11
5/26/86
12
6/1/86
13
6/7/86
14
6/13/86
15
6/19/86
16
6/25/86
17
7/2/86
18
7/7/86
19
7/13/86
20
7/19/86
21
7/25/86
22
7/31/86
23
8/6/86
24
8/12/86
25
8/18/86
26
8/24/86
27
8/30/86
28
9/5/86
29
9/11/86
30
9/17/86
31
9/23/86
32
9/29/86
AQ-2
Meas. Pred.
<0.9 39.5
9.6 13.0
U.8 10.5
23.2 18.7
13.5 10.9
7.9 9.9
10.2 9.4
19.9 18.2
11.9 6.1
11.7 8.5
36.6 28.2
20.2 18.3
34.8 30.2
13.8 13.8
37.2 42.3
27.6 25.4
*25.4 19.1
36.7 32.7
32.2 28.4
22.6 16.0
34.3 29.4
41.6 30.7
36.8 30.4
27.6 19.3
36.9 .28.2
28.9 27.3
AQ-3
Meas. Pred.
22.7 37.8
40.0 63.9
21.2 17.2
14.3 10.9
14.9 138.1
10.1 9.4
18.3 18.4
44.0 28.9
26.7 18.8
48.8 176.0
23.9 249.0
76.2 95.0
43.0 45.6
64.8 61.9
46.9 31.1
35.5 32.3
33.5 44.1
58.7 45.7
57.8 62.7
52.1 54.5
57.2 58.8
45.4 28.2
32.5 31.0
AQ-5
Meas. Pred.
35.8 11.4
22.6 11.4
10.5 9.8
17.9 15.3
16.2 11.7
5.8 4.7
17.3 9.5
33.1 22.8
16.1 10.6
11.5 12.6
27.5 27.7
33.0 19.5
27.3 27.7
29.2 15.7
30.7 31.9
17.3 17.3
31.1 31.1
31.7 30.1
15.4 15.4
34.5 33.5
29.5 28.0
53.8 31.4
26.6 19.1
35.5 28.7
45.7 27.3
64.4 26.9
52.7 33.3
9.5 5.1
37.7 30.5
30.5 12.9
AQ-6
Meas. Pred.
11.1
17.2
39.3
136.5
7.6
16.6
9.8
29.7
15.3
17.2
10.9
10.9
4.7
4.8
9.4
9.4
18.2
18.2
6.1
6.1
8.4
8.6
37.7
29.7
18.3
18.3
58.0
59.7
15.5
13.8
34.5
47.8
25.1
25.8
21.8
77.8
32.0
49.5
28.3
28.3
25.7
154.7
28.9
30.8
28.0
102.7
30.1
33.5
18.9
59.1
28.2
28.3
27.1
27.2
25.7
25.9
32.3
48.1
4.7
4.7
26.9
65.9
12.9
13.1
-------
Day
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
Table 3-4.
Comparison of Measured and ISC Predicted PM-10 Concentrations (ug/m3)
AQ-1
AQ-2
AQ-3
Afl-5
AQ-6
Data
Meat.
Pred.
Meas.
Pred.
Meat.
Pred.
Meas.
Pred.
Meas.
Pred.
3/21/86
17.0
37.3
6.0
6.2
15.4
12.1
12.4
4.5
4.4
6.2
3/27/86
36.9
43.5
22.5
19.4
19.3
107.3
4/8/86
8.6
29.7
4.2
5.2
14.6
21.5
13.5
4.7
3.6
6.2
4/14/86
21.4
46.8
4.7
4.9
10.2
20.3
5.5
4.7
5.8
11.4
4/20/86
17.3
26.6
11.8
13.0
12.1
11.3
10.6
10.1
10.1
10.7
4/26/86
14.7
12.3
7.2
5.4
5.4
5.4
6.7
5.6
5.9
5.4
5/2/86
4.5
17.8
4.5
4.2
6.1
41.2
3.7
2.7
2.7
2.7
5/8/86
16.2
17.9
4.1
4.1
5.0
4.1
6.1
4.1
4.2
4.1
5/14/86
16.0
25.4
9.5
8.5
8.9
8.5
12.5
9.8
8.5
8.5
5/20/86
7.4
16,1
3.5
2.7
10.2
9.3
3.5
4.0
2.7
2.7
5/26/86
6.4
5.3
5.1
4.2
4.5
5.2
4.0
4.1
6/1/86
19.5
16.6
20.7
14.5
18.7
15.7
14.3
14.4
19.9
14.9
6/7/86
15.5
14.8
8.4
8.4
11.2
8.5
13.3
8.7
9.8
8.4
6/13/86
20.0
44.1
23.2
82.8
16.3
16.4
23.6
25.8
6/19/86
15.7
80.4
10.0
7.6
10.1
240.0
11.3
8.1
7.6
7.6
6/25/86
29.5
44.7
24.4
21.6
31.8
36.7
19.2
19.4
21.4
23.6
7/2/86
28.2
33.9
19.0
13.7
20.7
19.5
14.9
15.7
13.6
13.8
7/7/86
24.1
20.7
14.1
11.1
25.8
23.4
10.6
10.6
12.6
31.7
7/13/86
23.1
22.9
22.6
20.2
22.7
19.7
19.7
19.7
7/19/86
24.9
30.5
19.9
17.2
18.8
18.4
18.7
17.7
17.2
17.2
7/25/86
12.0
13.9
13.8
10.7
15.5
18.8
10.5
10.5
7/31/86
25.8
43.5
21.9
17.3
29.6
22.0
21.9
18.5
17.2
17.8
8/6V86
26.3
27.7
24.7
19.9
26.6
28.7
19.7
18.7
18.7
62.2
8/12/86
43.2
43.4
22.8
18.8
25.6
25.7
30.1
19.1
18.7
19.7
8/18/86
38.7
92.5
15.7
12.1
33.7
23.5
16.5
12.1
12.0
40.4
8/24/86
24.1
24.0
22.1
18.9
21.0
18.9
18.9
18.9
8/30/86
19.9
19.1
16.9
14.5
14.6
15.5
21.1
14.5
14.4
14.4
9/5/86
65.9
44.4
34.1
16.3
16.0
16.1
9/11/86
35.0
36.5
24.9
18.9
18.6
23.3
9/17/86
6.7
57.3
4.4
3.1
3.0
3.0
9/23/86
27.0
39.8
19.7
31.6
9/29/86
20.1
43.2
13.5
8.5
8.5
8.6
-------
FDM VALIDATION STUDY
TSP Data Comparison: FDM vs Measured
H
£
o>
3
TJ
C
3
O
t-
0)
O
a
-------
FDM VALIDATION STUDY
n
E
T2
C
HI
O
d)
L
M
H
O
M
200
190
180
170
160
ISO
140
130
120
110
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
TSP Data Comparison: ISC vs Measured
200
Measured TSP With Background (ug/m3)
Figure 3-2 ISC Evaluation for TSP
-------
100
90
ao
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
FDM VALIDATION STUDY
PM-10 Data Comparison: FDM vs Measured
Measured PM-10 With Background (ug/m3)
Figure 3-3 FDM Evaluation for PM-10
-------
FDM VALIDATION STUDY
M
E
at
3
v
c
3
O
k
Ok
X
o
0
-------
A-18
EPA has recently been recommending a new method for evaluation of model
performance (Cox et. al. , 1987). It also centers on the concept of accuracy
within a factor of two, but utilizes a more complicated comparison. There are
two steps in the evaluation procedure. First, a screening computation is
completed using two quantities, the fractional bias for the average values and
a fractional bias for the standard deviation. They are defined as follows:
FB - °» - P*
(OB + PR)/2
where: FB - fractional bias of the
average
OB - average of highest 25
observed values
PR - average of highest 25
predicted values
S - S
F0 . —2 2
(S + S )/2
o p '
where: FO - fractional bias of the
standard deviation
SQ - standard deviation of the
highest 25 observed values
Sp - standard deviation of the
highest 25 predicted
values
The screening evaluation is performed by computing both of the above
parameters, and plotting on a special graph. The second level of analysis is
more complex. The second level is called the statistical test and involves
using the same fractional bias computation as above, but rather than using the
average and standard deviations of the observed and predicted values, the
technique uses a parameter called the robust estimate of the highest
concentration (RHC). In addition, the computation of the fractional bias is
done for several averaging period and differing meteorological techniques and
the results used to compute a composite performance measure. Finally, a
-------
A-19
statistical technique called "bootstrapping" is used where values are extracted
at random from the overall data set to create a "sampled" data set, which is
used in the computation of these same performance measures. By conducting this
random sampling many times, the statistician can determine if differences in
model performance are statistically significant. More details on the technique
can be found in Cox's paper.
Using the screening technique, for the TSP concentrations in the current
model evaluation, the computed values for the FB for FDM was 0.126 and the FO
was 0.041. For the PM-10 concentrations the FB for FDM was 0.184 and the FO
was 0.713. For ISC, the TSP values were -0.494 for the FB and -1.323 for the
FO, while for PM-10 the values were -0.610 for the FB and -1.307 for the FO.
The values are plotted in Figures 3-5 and 3-6 for TSP and PM-10 respectively.
The box at the center of the figure is an indication of the "factor of two"
performance of the model. If the data plots within the box, then the model is
said to have performed within a factor of two. Since the current model
Valuation results for FDM show the TSP plot within the box, the model
Performance for FDM is judged to be within the customary factor of two that EPA
and others use as a guide. For PM-10, the FDM model predictions fall slightly
°utside the box, due primarily to a large difference in the standard deviation,
°ot the average values. Further investigation of the results indicates the
large FO was caused by a single high measured concentration in the PM-10 data
base of 142 values. Removal of this single data point causes the FO to drop to
0*5 and the performance is within the box. As later discussions will show, the
model's overall performance for PM-10 was generally good, since the second
l«vel of analysis is far less sensitive to a single high value. Conversely,
the results for ISC plot well outside the box as a result of many data points
-------
FDM Model Validation Project
Model Performance for TSP Concentrations
*
—
A
—
a - ISCST
* - FDM
1 1 1
1 1
-2-10 1 2
Bias of Average
Figure 3—5. Model Comparison for TSP
-------
FDM Model Validation Project
Model Performance for PM-10 Concentrations
it
—
1.
"¦ -
A
a - ISCST
* - FDM
1 1 1
I
-2 -1 0 l 2
Bias of Average
Figure 3-0. Model Comparison for PM-10
-------
A-22
which are significantly over-predicted.
The second level of screening was a more complex undertaking. The
technique has been developed primarily for predicting concentrations of sulfur
dioxide or other gaseous compounds for which the data available generally
include hourly observations of SO2 concentration and meteorology on a
continuous basis for a year or more. The measurement of particulate usually is
done in 24-hour samples which are not continuous. As a result, modifications
had to be made to the statistical evaluation methods to apply them to the
current application. The modifications to the technique of Cox are summarized
as follows:
o Only 24-hour values were available, thus only the only averaging
time in the evaluation was 24-hour. Cox refers to a calculation
of a "scientific" evaluation which uses 1-hour average
concentrations. This computation was dispensed with. Given the
single averaging time used here, the composite performance
measure used here was equal to the Absolute Fractional Bias of
the RHC values for the 24-hour samples.
o Since only 32 case days were examined, and since data were not
available at all stations for all of the days, it was determined
to combine all of the data into a single sampling set for the
purposes of computing the RHC, rather than conducting the
computation on a site-by-site basis as the guidance suggests.
The data sets would have been too small if the separation of the
values by site had been performed.
o The bootstrapping technique calls for the construction of a
number of trial "years" by sampling the data set. Since
sampling a six month, intermittent data set to create a full
year of data, would extend the data beyond its measurement
bounds, the sampling was performed only to create a trial set
equivalent in size to the original data set. Thus for TSF, 111
values are in the original data set and each bootstrap sample
was composed of 111 randomly-sampled values. Note that no
persistance of 3 days was used since the data are sampled on a
six-day cyple, and persistence is not relevant.
The bootstrapping analysis was completed for both TSP and PM-10 values for
both models. Although not customarily presented in this fashion, the frequency
distribution of the Fraction Bias of the RHC's calculated in the bootstrapping
-------
A-23
analysis for TSP are shown in Figure 3-7. Note that the figure presents the
fractional bias, not the absolute fractional bias. As the figure shows, there
is a clear separation between the FDM values and the ISC values, indicating a
significantly different performance. Note that the values for ISC are all
negative, while the values for FDM are closer to zero, but predominantly
positive. The implication of the figure is that FDM slightly under-predicts
while ISC drastically over-predicts.
When the results for TSP and PM-10 are presented in the more customary
fashion for 95% confidence limits, as shown in Figure 3-8, it is clear that the
FDM Model is closer to reality than the ISC Model. In fact a significant
Portion of the statistical distribution of ISC Values are outside the factor of
2 performance criteria indicated by the dark line in Figure 3-8.
The previous discussion would lead to the conclusion that generally, the
FDM model performs acceptably with the data, while the ISC model does not. In
actuality, as earlier figures show, both models do reasonably well for the
®ajority of data points. However, ISC has the tendency for large over-
Prediction on few days. Unfortunately, it is these days which are the focus of
the permitting regulations. Most regulations concern the maximum or second
blghegfp concentration, so the ISC over-prediction on these days causes very
misleading results in air quality permitting studies. The problem tends to
occur when the source to receptor distance is short (e.g. the distance to the
haul road from AQ-1) and it tends to occur under stable, low wind speed
Conditions.
One of the major advantages of the FDM approach is the avoidance of these
large over-predictions. The improved prediction occurs due to the superior
deposition algorithm in the FDM Model. During low wind speed stable
-------
Frequency Distribution
[Based on fraction of distribution found within epch
0.03 increment of Fractional Bias)
o
o
ro
o
©
o
o
en
P
o
tt
p L, 1* I*
L* ro ^ » ©
o
tO
©
O
O
o
k>
k>
io
ro
o
ro
*
o>
00
CO
io
o>
ro
(A
n
H
'V
o
-n ®
o
0
3
- o -l
® *
01
VI
v>
*n
O
b
»
O
»~
o
3
2.
03
»
M
D
«
O-
C
3 9
* 5
o •
b>
n
o
2
2
o
o
m
r~
<
>
n
o
o .
E. -J o
» z
a
o
3
JO
z
o
<
2L
c
®
M
V>
-I
c
o
<
-------
FDM MODEL VALIDATION STUDY
1.3
1.0
c
o
o
m
L.
3
O
A
4
0.6
ISC TSP
A
A
ISC PM-10
FDM TSP
~
[] FDM PM-10
0.0
Figure 3-8. Absolute Fractional Bias at 95% Bootstrap Confidence Bounds
-------
A-26
conditions, the ISC model allows very high concentrations to be predicted, not
reflecting the deposition which would occur during the long travel times to the
receptor. FDM more accurately represents the behavior of particles in the
atmosphere.
-------
A-27
4.0 CONCLUSIONS
The previous analysis has determined that the FDM Model performs generally
W®11 in characterizing particulate concentrations in the vicinity of the
fugitive dust source. The ISC model also performed well for the bulk of the
samples analyzed, but failed poorly on the high end of the statistical
distribution, leading to large over-predictions of the highest and second
highest concentrations, which are the focus of many air quality regulations for
short-term particulate concentrations. The FDM Model is judged to be superior
in predicting the impacts from fugitive dust sources for the data evaluated in
this study.
-------
A- 28
REFERENCES
Cox, W. M. 1987. "Protocol for Determining the Best Performing Model", U. S.
Environmental Protection Agency Report, September.
Gifford, F. A, Jr., 1976. "Turbulent Diffusion Typing Schemes - A Review,
Nuclear Saf.. 17: 68:86.
Winges, K. D. , 1982. "Development of an Air Quality Model for Mining Fugitive
Dust", Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Air Pollution Control
Association, New Orleans, June.
-------
APPENDIX -B
SAMPLE INPUT AND OUTPUT STREAMS
-------
SAMPLE INPUT STREAM FOR FDM
VALIDATION STUDY
11211111
56
60.
1.25
0.0262
622.
824.
1344.
1554.
61.
10
5 3
1.
3.75
0.0678
1103.
3191.
1939.
183.
2365.
166950E-02 0.00
10.212000E-01 1.00
10.371000E-01 1.00
10.318000E-02 1.00
30.112861E-04 0.00
3 0.337000E—08 3
30.112861E-04 0,
30.337000E-08 3
30.100962E-06 0,
30.337000E-08 3,
30.194560E-06 0.00
30.337000E-08 3.00
30.121500E-03 0.00
30.337000E-08 3
30.379174E-05 0
30.337000E-08 3
30.379174E-05 0
30.337000E-08 3
30.379174E-05 0.00
30.337000E-08 3,
30.379174E-05 0,
30.337000E-08 3,
30.379174E-05 0,
30.337000E-08 3,
30.379174E-05 0.00
30.337000E-08 3.00
20.198317E-03 0.00
20.198317E-03 0.00
20.396634E-03 0.00
20.104667E-03 0.00
20.275440E-04 0.00
20.275440E-04 0.00
20.502678E-04 0.00
20.413160E-04 0.00
20.771232E-04 0.00
20.771232E-04 0.00
20.771232E-04 0.00
20.771232E-04 0.00
20.192808E—04 0.00
20.964040E-05 0.00
OF FDM MODEL
12 1
24
1.
7.5
0.1704
PM10 CASE NO. 20
2.5
12.5
0.1536
20.
0.5820
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
0
0
0
0
0
610.0
610.0
549.0
488.0
1055.0
1055.0
1203.0
1203.0
237.0
237.0
513.0
513,
683,
683,
318,
318,
549.0
549.0
195.0
195.0
402.0
402.0
299.0
299.0
610.0
610.0
999.7
1146.0
999.7
816.9
755.9
694.9
621.8
658.4
755.9
719.3
719.3
634.0
560.8
353.6
1363.0
1363.0
1426.0
1451.0
1512.0
1512.0
1256.0
1256.0
1789.0
1789.0
1780.0
1780.0
1353.0
1353.0
1158.0
1158.0
795.0
795.0
1075.0
1075.0
597.0
597
634
634,
207
207
1658,
1475.2
1475.2
1341.1
1414.3
1426.5
1365.5
1304.5
1414.3
1511.8
1670.3
1914.1
1962.9
1828.8
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
354
354
149
149
208
208
207
207
84
84
87
87
149
149
195
195
85
85
85
85
140
140
999
999
816
755
694
621
658
816
719
719
634
560
353
182
.0
.0
.0
. 0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
. 0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.7
.7
.9
.9
.9
.8
.4
.9
.3
.3
.0
.8
.6
.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
305. 0
305. 0
217. 0
217.0
140.0
140.0
219.0
219.0
50.0
50. 0
82,
82,
122.
122,
104,
104,
85,
85,
195.0
195.0
146.0
146.0
1475.2
1475.2
1341.1
1414.3
1426.5
1365.5
1304.5
1341.1
1511.8
1670.3
1914.1
1962.9
1828.8
1828.8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
30.0
30.0
30.0
30.0
30.0
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
-------
20.964040E-05
0.00
353.6
1828.8
195.1
1731.3
30.0
20.192808E-04
0.00
585.2
1950.7
414.5
1731.3
30.0
20.192808E-04
0.00
609.6
1938.5
487.7
1743 .5
30.0
20.192808E-04
0.00
621.8
1926.3
560.8
1743 .5
30.0
20.250650E-03
0. 00
816.9
1341.1
560.8
1170.4
30.0
20.250650E-03
0.00
560.8
1170.4
438.9
1146.0
30.0
20.250650E-03
0.00
438.9
1146.0
402.3
1109.5
30.0
20.250650E-03
0.00
402.3
1109.5
317.0
1158.2
30.0
20.OOOOOOE+OO
0. 00
402.3
1109.5
512.1
841.2
30.0
20.OOOOOOE+OO
0.00
512.1
841.2
573.0
792.5
30.0
20.000000E+00
0.00
512.1
841.2
256.0
1036.3
30.0
20.OOOOOOE+OO
0.00
512.1
841.2
463.3
804.7
30.0
20.OOOOOOE+OO
0. 00
463.3
804.7
85.3
1036.3
30.0
20.OOOOOOE+OO
0.00
85.3
1036.3
61.0
963.2
3 0. 0
20.OOOOOOE+OO
0.00
61.0
963.2
597.4
182.9
30.0
20.OOOOOOE+OO
0. 00
207.3
755.9
426.7
573.0
30.0
1.50
7.3
2
1200.0
291.2
1.19
354.4
1
1400.0
290.9
0.61
340.9
1
1400.0
290.4
3.14
13.5
5
10000.0
290.0
4. 66
16.0
5
10000.0
289.9
5.54
12.6
5
10000.0
290.1
6.08
13.3
5
10000.0
290.3
7. 04
11.4
4
400.0
291.6
7.57
12.6
4
400.0
293 .5
6.34
18.7
4 "
400.0
295.3
4.41
29.6
3
800.0
297.1
2.19
52.9
1
1400.0
298.9
1.84
56.2
1
1400.0
300.9
2.28
32.8
1
1400.0
302.4
2.57
198.4
1
1400.0
303.2
3.15
186.4
1
1400.0
303.2
2.12
218.4
1
1400.0
304.1
3.34
193.5
1
1400.0
303.9
4.35
228.5
2
1200.0
302.8
4.55
240.5
4
400. 0
301.1
3.28
270.5
1
1400.0
298.9
2.20
277.8
1
1400.0
297.4
2.23
297.0
4
400.0
296.2
1.56
339.9
1
1400.0
295.3
-------
FUGITIVE DUST MODEL (FOM)
VERSION 1.0
JANUARY, 1988
RUN TITLE:
VALIDATION STUDY OF FOM MOOEL PM10 CASE NO. 20
INPUT FILE WME: PM10F20.1N
OUTPUT FILE NAME: PM10F20.0UT
PLOT OUTPUT WRITTEN TO FILE NAME: PM10F2Q.DAT
CON/OEP SWITCH 1-CONCEN, 2-OEPO
(€T OPTION SWITCH, 1-CARDS, 2-PREPP£)CESSED
PLOT FILE OUTPUT, 1-NO, 2-YES
MET DATA PRINT SWITCH, 1^0, 2-YES
POST-PROCESSOR OUTPUT, l^JO, 2-YES
DEP. VEL./GRAV. SETL. VEL., 1-DEFAULT, 2-USER
PRINT 1-HOUR AVERAGE CCNCEN, 1-NO, 2-YES 1
PRINT 3-HOUR AVERAGE CCNCEN, 1^0, 2-YES 1
PRINT 8-HOUR AVERAGE CCNCEN, 1-NO, 2-YES 1
PRINT 24-HOUR AVERAGE CONCEN, 1-NO, 2-YES 2
PRINT LONG-TERM AVERAGE CONCEN, 1-NO, 2-YES 1
NUMBER OF SOURCES PROCESSED 56
NUM3ER OF RECEPTORS PROCESSED 5
NUMBER OF PARTICLE SIZE CLASSES 3
NUMBER OF HOURS OF MET DATA PROCESSED 24
LENGTH IN MINUTES OF 1-HOUR OF MET OATA 60.
ROUGHNESS LENGTH IN CM 1.00
SCALING FACTOR FOR SOURCE AND RECPTORS 1.0000
PARTICLE DENSITY IN G/Or-3 2.50
GENERAL PARTICLE S12E CLASS INFORMATION
PARTICLE
SIZE
CLASS
1
2
3
CHAR.
DIA.
(CM)
0.0001250
0.0003750
0.0007500
GRAV.
SETTLING
VELOCITY
CM/SEC)
0.00013
0.00110
0.00432
DEPOSITION
VELOCITY
(M/SEC)
FRACTION
IN EACH
SIZE
CLASS
0.0262
0.0678
0.1704
COMPUTED HOURLY BY FOM
-------
RECEPTOR COORDINATES (X,Y,Z)
C 622., 1103., 0.) c 824., 3191., 0.) ( 1344., 1939., 0.)
C 1554., 183., 0.) ( 61., 2365., 0.) (
-------
SOURCE
INFORMATION
ENTERED EMIS.
RATE (G/SEC,
G/SEC/M OR
TYPE G/SEC/M**2)
TOTAL
biissicn uirc
RATE SPEED
(G/SEC) FAC.
X1
CM)
Y1
CM)
X2
CM)
Y2 HEIGHT WIDTH
CM) CM) CM)
1
0.001669500
0.00167
0.000
610.
1363.
0.
0.
0.00
0.00
I
0.021200000
0.02120
1.000
610.
1363.
0.
0.
0.00
0.00
1
0.037100000
0.03710
1.000
549.
1426.
0.
0.
0.00
0.00
1
0.003180000
0.00318
1.000
488.
1451.
0.
0.
0.00
0.00
3
0.000011286
1.21856
0.000
1055.
1512.
354.
305.
0.00
0.00
3
0.000000003
0.00036
3.000
1055.
1512.
354.
305.
0.00
0.00
3
0.000011286
0.36491
0.000
1203.
1256.
149.
217.
0.00
0.00
3
0.000000003
0.00011
3.000
1203.
1256.
149.
217.
0.00
0.00
3
0.000000101
0.00294
0.000
237.
1789.
208.
140.
0.00
0.00
3
0.000000003
0.00010
3.000
237.
1789.
208.
140.
0.00
0.00
3
0.000000195
0.00882
0.000
513.
1780.
207.
219.
0.00
0.00
3
0.000000003
0.00015
3.000
513.
1780.
207.
219.
0.00
0.00
3
0.000121500
0.51030
0.000
683.
1353.
84.
50.
0.00
0.00
3
0.000000003
0.00001
3.000
683.
1353.
84.
50.
0.00
0.00
3
0.000003792
0.02705
0.000
318.
1158.
87.
82.
0.00
0.00
3
0.000000003
0.00002
3.000
318.
1158.
87.
82.
0.00
0.00
3
0.000003792
0.06893
0.000
549.
795.
149.
122.
0.00
0.00
3
0.000000003
0.00006
3.000
549.
795.
149.
122.
0.00
0.00
3
. 0.000003792
0.07690
0.000
195.
1075.
195.
104.
0.00
0.00
3
0.000000003
0.00007
3.000
195.
1075.
195.
104.
0.00
0.00
3
0.000003792
0.02740
0.000
402.
597.
85.
85.
0.00
0.00
3
0.000000003
0.00002
3.000
402.
597.
85.
85.
0.00
0.00
3
0.000003792
0.06285
0.000
299.
634.
85.
195.
0.00
0.00
3
0.000000003
0.00006
3.000
299.
<34.
85.
195.
0.00
0.00
3
0.000003792
0.07750
0.000
610.
207.
140.
146.
0.00
0.00
3
0.000000003
0.00007
3.000
610.
207.
140.
146.
0.00
0.00
2
0.000198317
0.03627
0.000
1000.
1658.
1000.
1475.
0.00
30.00
2
0.000198317
0.02901
0.000
1146.
1475.
1000.
1475.
o.oo
30.00
2
0.000396434
0.08992
0.000
1000.
1475.
817.
1341.
0.00
30.00
2
0.000104667
0.00997
0.000
817.
1341.
756.
1414.
0.00
30.00
2
0.000027544
0.00171
0.000
756.
1414.
695.
1427.
0.00
30.00
2
0.000027544
0.00262
0.000
695.
1427.
(VI
1366.
0.00
30.00
2
0.000050268
0.00358
0.000
622.
1366.
658.
1305.
0.00
30.00
2
0.000041316
0.00672
0.000
658.
1305.
817.
1341.
0.00
30.00
2
0.000077123
0.00803
0.000
756.
1414.
719.
1512.
0.00
30.00
2
0.000077123
0.01222
0.000
719.
1512.
719.
1670.
0.00
30.00
2
0.000077123
0.01992
0.000
719.
1670.
634.
1914.
0.00
30.00
2
0.000077123
0.00678
0.000
634.
1914.
561.
1963.
0.00
30.00
2
0.000019281
0.00476
0.000
561.
1963.
354.
1829.
0.00
30.00
2
0.000009640
0.00165
0.000
354.
1829.
183.
1829.
0.00
30.00
2
0.000009640
0.00179
0.000
354.
1829.
195.
1731.
0.00
30.00
2
0.000019281
0.00536
0.000
585.
1951.
415.
1731.
0.00
30.00
2
0.000019281
0.00443
0.000
610.
1939.
488.
1744.
0.00
30.00
2
0.000019281
0.00372
0.000
622.
1926.
561.
1744.
0.00
30.00
2
0.000250650
0.07714
0.000
817.
1341.
561.
1170.
0.00
30.00
-------
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
0.000250650
0.03116
0.000
561.
1170.
439.
1146.
0.00
30.00
0.000250650
0.01296
0.000
439.
1146.
402.
1110.
0.00
30.00
0.000250650
0.02462
0.000
402.
1110.
317.
1158.
0.00
30.00
0.000000000
0.00000
0.000
402.
1110.
512.
841.
0.00
30.00
0.000000000
0.00000
0.000
512.
841.
573.
793.
0.00
30.00
0.000000000
0.00000
0.000
512.
841.
256.
1036.
0.00
30.00
0.000000000
0.00000
0.000
512.
841.
463.
805.
0.00
30.00
0.000000000
0.00000
0.000
463.
805.
85.
1036.
0.00
30.00
0.000000000
0.00000
0.000
85.
1036.
61.
963.
0.00
30.00
0.000000000
0.00000
0.000
61.
963.
597.
183.
0.00
30.00
0.000000000
0.00000
0.000
207.
756.
427.
573.
0.00
30.00
-------
24 HOUR AVERAGE FCR HOUR ENDING 24
CONCENTRATIONS IN MICROGRAMS/M"^
( 422., 1103., 5.883^ ( B24., 3191., 0.043] C 1344., 1939., 0.768)
( 1554., 183., 0.214) C fil., 23-55., 0.008) (
-------
APPENDIX C
FORTRAN COMPUTER CODE
-------
PROGRAM FDM
CC
CC FDM - Fugitive Dust Model
CC User's Instructions:
CC
CC Card 1 Title Card
CC Col Format Information
CC 1-80 A80 Title
CC
CC Card 2 Switches
CC Col Format Information
CC 2 II Concentration/Deposition Switch. If -1 then
CC model computes concentration. If - 2 then
CC model computes deposition. Default is 1.
CC
CC 4 II Met. Option Switch. If - 1 then met. data is
CC read from cards (format shown below). If - 2
CC then met is read from pre-processed
CC meteorological file. If - 3 then
CC meteorological data is read as a STAR
CC contained later in this input file. Note that
CC the selection of the STAR option makes many of
CC the later options not applicable. Default is
CC 1.
CC
CC 6 II Plotter Output Switch. If - 1 then no plotter
CC file is made. If - 2 then a plotter file name
CC is asked for and the model writes a file with
CC a formatted output of x, y, concen. for every
CC averaging time requested to be analyzed.
CC Default is 1.
CC
CC 8 II Print Output Switch. If - 1 then
CC meteorological data are not printed. If - 2
CC then meteorological data are printed. Default
CC is 1.
CC
CC 10 II Post Processor Switch. If - 1 then no post
CC processor file is written. If - 2, then a
CC post processor file is written which can be
CC processed with the POSTZ program to develop
CC High-5 tables, scale sources, or other
CC operations. The user should see the POSTZ
CC User's Guide for further information. This
CC option is not available and this switch is
CC ignored when the met. option switch - 3.
CC Default is 1.
CC
CC 12 II Deposition Parameters Option Switch. If - 1
CC then the model will compute deposition
CC velocity and gravitational settling velocity
CC automatically on an hour by hour basis. If -
C - 1
-------
CC 2 then the User will enter single values of
CC the deposition velocity and gravitational
CC velocity for each particle size class to be
CC used for all hours. Default is 1.
CC
CC 14 II 1-Hour Switch. If - 1 then 1-hour average
CC concentrations are not printed, If - 2 then
CC 1-hour average concentrations are printed.
CC This option is not available and this switch
CC is ignored when the met. option switch - 3.
CC Default is 1.
CC
CC 16 II 3-Hour Switch. If - 1 then 3-hour average
CC concentrations are not printed. If - 2 then
CC 3-hour average concentrations are printed.
CC This option is not available and this switch
CC is ignored when the met. option switch - 3.
CC Default is 1.
CC
CC 18 II 8-Hour Switch. If - 1 then 8-hour average
CC concentrations are not printed. If - 2 then
CC 8-hour average concentrations are printed.
CC This option is not available and this switch
CC is ignored when the met. option switch - 3.
CC Default is 1.
CC
CC 20 II 24-Hour Switch. If - 1 then 24-hour average
CC concentrations are not printed. If - 2 then
CC 24-hour average concentrations are printed.
CC This option is not available and this switch
CC is ignored when the met. option switch - 3.
CC Default is 1.
CC
CC 22 II Long-term Switch. If - 1 then average
CC concentrations over the entire meteorological
CC data base provided are not printed. If - 2
CC then such long term average concentrations are
CC printed. This option is not available and
CC this switch is ignored when the met. option
CC switch - 3. Default is 1.
CC
CC Card 3 STAR Data (These Cards are only read if Met. Option Switch - 3)
CC Col Format Information
CC 1-60 6F10.0 A total of 96 cards are read here with the
CC information being the frequency of winds for
CC each combination of wind speed class, wind
CC direction class and atmospheric stability
CC class. Each card contains six values
CC corresponding to the six possible wind speed
CC classes. The order of the cards is 16 cards
CC for the 16 possible wind direction classes for
CC the first stability class, followed by the
C - 2
-------
CC next 16 cards for the second stability class,
CC followed by 16 cards for each subsequent
CC stability class up to the final (sixth)
CC stability class. The wind direction cards are
CC ordered with north being first, north-
CC northeast being second and proceeding
CC clockwise until north-northwest is entered.
CC Stabilities start with Turner Class A, and
CC proceed to Turner Class F. The sum of all 576
CC values entered here should be.1.0.
CC
CC Card 4 Mixing Heights for each Stability Class when using a STAR (This
CC Card is only read if Met. Option Switch - 3)
CC Col Format Information
CC 1-60 6F10.0 Six values are read here to indicate the
CC characteristic mixing height to be used with
CC each stability class when using a STAR for
CC input meteorological data. Mixing heights
CC should be entered in meters above ground.
CC
CC Card 5 Characteristic Wind speeds for each wind speed class when using a
CC STAR (This Card is only read if Met. Option Switch - 3)
CC Col Format Information
CC 1-60 6F10.0 Six values are read here to indicate the
CC characteristic wind speed to be used by the
CC model for each of the wind speed classes when
CC running with meteorological data entered in
CC the form of a STAR. Wind speed values should
CC be entered in meters per second.
CC Card 6 Integer Parameters
CC Col Format Information
CC 1-5 15 Number of Sources
CC
CC 6-10 15 Number of Receptors
CC
CC 11-15 15 Number of Particle Size Classes, with a
CC maximum of 20 allowed. Note that in order to
CC compute any deposition values or to compute
CC any concentrations which have deposition
CC accounted for, this parameter must be set to
CC some value other than 0.
CC
CC 16-20 15 Number of Hours of Meteorological data to be
CC processed in this run.
CC
CC Card 7 Real Parameters
CC Col Format Information
CC 1-10 F10.0 ATIM - the length of time in one unit of
CC meteorological data entry in minutes.
CC Generally, this is entered as 60.
CC
CC 11-20 F10.0 Surface Roughness Height in cm.
C - 3
-------
cc
CC 21-30 F10.0 SCAL - a scaling factor for all entries
CC involving distance. The model assumes all
CC entries for coordinates or dimensions are in
CC meters. If the user desires to enter some
CC other units, he may enter a conversion factor
CC here such that when the units he has entered
CC are multiplied by SCAL the result will be in
CC meters.
CC
CC 31-40 F10.0 PD - the density of the particulate matter in
CC grams per cubic meter. Typical values range
CC from 1.0 to 3.0 depending on the type of
CC material which comprises the particulate
CC matter.
CC
CC Card 8 Meteorological Data Selection Switches. These cards are entered
CC only if a sequentially pre-processed meteorological data set is
CC being used (Met. Option Switch - 2). The switches allow the user
CC to select a certain portion of the sequential data set for
CC processing and skip the rest.
CC Col Format Information
CC 1-80 8011 A series of l's or zero's is used to determine
CC if a particular day from the sequentially pre-
CC processed meteorological data set is to be
CC processed in this run. The first number
CC entered corresponds to day 1, etc. A total of
CC 366 values (4 and 1/2 cards) is needed to
CC enter all 366 values. If a 1 is entered the
CC day is to be processed, if a zero is entered
CC the day is to be skipped.
CC
CC Card 9 Characteristic Particle Diameters (not entered if the Number of
CC Particle Size Classes is 0)
CC Col Format Information
CC 1-10 8F10.0 The average or typical diameter for each
CC particle size class is entered here in
CC micrometers (urn or meters X 10-6). A total of
CC 20 particle size classes can be specified and
CC a characteristic diameter must be specified
CC for each particle size class used. 8 values
CC can be placed on each card here. Use as many
CC cards as necessary to provide the number of
CC particle size classes specified, but do not
CC include any blank cards.
CC
CC Card 10 General Particle Size Distribution (not entered if the Number of
CC Particle Size Classes is 0)
CC Col Format Information
CC 1-10 8F10.0 The fraction of the emissions which are
CC contained in each particle size class are
CC entered here. A total of 20 particle size
C - 4
-------
cc
cc
cc
cc
cc
cc
cc
cc
cc
cc
cc
cc
cc
cc
cc
CC Card 11 Gravitational Seeding Velocities. This card is only entered if
CC the number of particle size classes is greater then zero and the
CC deposition parameters options switch is set to 2. Otherwise, the
CC model computes gravitational settling velocities automatically.
CC This option is only used if the user has some reason to use
CC specialized gravitational settling velocities.
CC Col Format Information
CC 1-10 8F10.0 The gravitational settling velocities in m/sec
CC are entered here. A total of 20 particle size
CC classes can be specified and a gravitational
CC settling velocity must be specified for each
CC particle size class used. 8 values can be
CC placed on each card here. Use as many cards
CC as necessary to provide the number of particle
CC size classes specified, but do not include any
CC blank cards.
CC
CC Card 12 Deposition Velocities. This card is only entered if the number of
CC particle size classes is greater then zero and the deposition
CC parameters options switch is set to 2. Otherwise, the model
CC computes deposition velocities automatically. This option is only
CC used if the user has some reason to use specialized deposition
CC velocities.
CC Col Format Information
CC 1-10 8F10.0 The deposition velocities in m/sec are entered
CC here. A total of 20 particle size classes can
CC be specified and a deposition velocity must be
CC specified for each particle size class used.
CC 8 values can be placed on each card here. Use
CC as many cards as necessary to provide the
CC number of particle size classes specified, but
CC do not include any blank cards.
CC
CC Card 13 Receptors
CC Col Format Information
CC 1-10 F10.0 X-Coordinate of receptors in meters, or in
CC units which will be converted to meters when
C - 5
classes can be specified and a fraction must
be specified for each particle size class
used. 8 values can be placed on each card
here. Use as many cards as necessary to
provide the number of particle size classes
specified, but do not include any blank cards.
This card refers to a general particle size
distribution which is used for all sources
here unless over-ridden by a specific switch
entered on each source card. When over-ridden
on the source cards which follow, the user may
specify a specific size distribution to use
for a specific source, or may have the model
assume no deposition for a specific source.
-------
CC multiplied by SCAL entered above.
CC 11-20 F10.0 Y-Coordinate (units as above)
CC 21-30 F10.0 Z-Coordinate
CC
CC Each receptor is entered on a single card. A
CC total of 200 receptors may be specified.
CC
CC Card 14 Source Information
CC Col Format Information
CC 2 II Type of source. 1 - point source, 2 - line
CC source, and 3 - area source.
CC 3 II Particle size override switch. If this switch
CC is left blank or set to 0, the model uses the
CC particle size distribution specified in card
CC 10 to apply to this source. If, however, this
CC value is set to 1, the model reads a second
CC card (or as many cards as necessary), after
CC card 14 to specify the particle size
CC distribution for this source. If this value
CC is set to 2, the model assumes no deposition
CC for this source.
CC 3-15 F12.0 Emission rate. For point sources, the units
CC are grams per second (g/sec). For line
CC sources the units are grams per meter per
CC second (g/m-sec). For area sources the units
CC are grams per square meter per second (g/m^
CC -sec). Note if this source is a wind-speed
CC dependant source, the emission rate entered
CC here is the proporitonality constant of the
CC wind speed dependant espression of the form:
CC E - Qouw where E is the emission rate, Qq is
CC the proportionality constant, u is the wind
CC speed in m/sec and w is the wind speed
CC dependance factor.
CC 16-20 F5.0 Wind speed dependance factor. See the note
CC under emissions above. If the source is not a
CC function of wind speed, leave this column
CC blank and enter the emission rate in columns
CC 3-15 as above.
CC 21-30 F10.0 X-coordinate. For point sources, this is the
CC x-coordinate of the source. For line sources,
CC this is the x-coordinate of one end of the
CC line source. For area sources, this is the x-
CC coordinate of the center of the area source.
CC In all cases the values are in meters, or in
CC units which will be converted to meters when
CC the computer multiplies by the value entered
CC for SCAL above.
CC 31-40 F10.0 Y-coordinate. For point sources, this is the
CC y-coordinate of the source. For line sources
CC this is the y-coordinate for one end of the
CC line source (the same end as the above x-
C - 6
-------
CC coordinate). For area sources, this is the y-
CC coordinate of the center of the area source.
CC In all cases the values are in meters, or in
CC units which will be converted to meters when
CC the computer multiplies by the value entered
CC for SCAL above.
CC 41-50 F10.0 2nd X-coordinate. For point sources, this
CC column is not used. For line sources, this is
CC the x-coordinate for the other end of the line
CC source. For area sources, this is the x-
CC dimension of the area source. In all cases
CC the values are in meters, or in units which
CC will be converted to meters when the computer
CC multiplies by the value entered for SCAL
CC above.
CC 51-60 F10.0 2nd Y-coordinate. For point sources, this
CC column is not used. For line sources, this is
CC the y-coordinate for the other end of the line
CC source. For area sources, this is the y-
CC dimension of the area source. In all cases
CC the values are in meters, or in units which
CC will be converted to meters when the computer
CC multiplies by the value entered for SCAL
CC above.
CC 61-70 F10.0 Height of emission. The release height for
CC the emissions from this source in meters, or
CC in units which will be converted to meters
CC when the computer multiplies by the value
CC entered for SCAL above. There is no plume
CC rise in FDM, thus for a source with plume
CC rise, the plume rise must be computed manually
CC and added to the stack height and entered
CC here.
CC 71-80 F10.0 Source width. This parameter applies only to
CC line sources, and refers to the width of the
CC line source in meters, or in units which will
CC be converted to meters when the computer
CC multiplies by the value entered for SCAL
CC above.
CC
CC Card 14A Optional Particle Size data for Source
CC If the particle size switch in column 3 of the
CC source card is set to 1, then this card (or
CC group of cards) is read, otherwise, this card
CC (or cards) is not read and should not be
CC included. This card (or cards) specifies the
CC particle size distribution for this source
CC only and follows the exact same format as Card
CC 10.
CC Col Format Information
CC 1-10 8F10.0 The fraction of the emissions which are
CC contained in each particle size class are
C - 7
-------
CC entered here. A total of 20 particle size
CC classes can be specified and a fraction must
CC be specified for each particle size class
CC used. 8 values can be placed on each card
CC here. Use as many cards as necessary to
CC provide the number of particle size classes
CC specified, but do not include any blank cards.
CC
CC Card 15 Meteorological data
CC Meteorological data are entered only if the
CC met option switch is set to 1. If
CC meteorological data are Co be entered here,
CC each hour of data is entered on a separate
CC card. Note that none of the meteorological
CC values are affected by the specification of
CC SCAL above.
CC Col Format Information
CC 1-10 . F10..0 Wind speed in m/sec.
CC 11-20 F10.0 Wind direction -- the direction in degrees
CC from north from which the wind is coming.
CC 25 II Stability class, where 6 values are possible
CC and reflect Turner classes A-F, and 1-A, 2-B,
CC 3-C, 4—D, 5—E and 6-F.
CC 31-40 F10.0 Mixing Height in meters.
CC 41-50 F10.0 Ambient Temperature in degrees Kelvin.
CC
CC
CHARACTER*40 FINAME,FINAM1
CHARACTER*80 TITLE
CHARACTERS TITTAP(20) , DUMCHR
REAL MIXH
INTEGER CLAS
LOGICAL IFLAGW
COMMON/CONAV/C(200)
C0MM0N/C0NCEN/ XR(200),YR(200),ZR(200)
COMMON/MET/ BRG,U,MIXH
COMMON/ANNUAL/AMIX(6),ROSE(6,16,6),UCLAS(6),CDSWA(2,20,100),
1 V1A(20,6,6),VSA(20,6,6),I0FF(100),WSD(100)
COMMON/PARAM/DEG,RAD,ATIM,SZ10,DREF,XVEC,YVEC,VI(20),VS(20),NPS,
1 NR,PY1,PY2,CDSW(2,20,100),ICDSW,IPLTOP,IL
DIMENSION KST(24),SPEED(24),TEMP(24),AFV(24),AFVR(24),HLH(2,24)
DIMENSION XLl(lOO),XL2(100),Q(100),ITYP(100),DIA(20),CUNN(20),
* YL1(100),VD(20),C3(200),C8(200),FRAC(20),
* YL2(100),HL(100),WL(100),AZ(6),AY1(6),VG(20),
* AY2(6),C24(200),CANN(200),WD(24),ISCAN(366),C1(200),
* CS(200),VG1(20),VD1(20),SNDF(16),CSDF(16)
DATA AZ/1112.,556.,353.,219.,124.,56./
DATA AY1/0.46,0.29,0.18,0.11,0.087,0.057/
DATA AY2/1831.,1155.,717.,438.,346.,227./
DATA C3/200*0./,C8/200*0./,C24/200*0./,CANN/200*0./,DAY/1./
DATA I3CT/0/,I8CT/0/,I24CT/0/,NU/0/,DUMMY/0./,ISCAN/366*1/
DATA DUMCHR/* '/,ZREF/10./,Cl/200*0./
C - 8
-------
DATA SNDF/O.,0.38268,0.70711,0.92388,1.0,0.92388,0.70711,
X 0.38268,0.,-0.38268,-0.70711,-0.92388,-1.0,-0.92388,
X -0.70711,-0.38268/,
X CSDF/1.0,0.92388,0.70711,0.38268,0.,-0.38268,-0.70711,
X -0.92388,-1.0,-0.92388,-0.70711,-0.38268,0.,0.38268,
X 0.70711,0.92388/
DO 1 1-1,100
1 IOFF(I)—0.
IFLAGW - .TRUE.
C**** CALL UNDER0(IFLAGW)
CALL DISP
WRITE(*,2012)
2012 F0RMAT(1X,'A[[37m')
WRITE(*,2000)
2000 FORMAT(IX,'A[[22;58HInput/Output Files')
WRITE(*,2001)
2001 FORMAT(IX,'A[[17;9HName of Input File?..')
READ(*,2002) FINAM1
OPEN(5,FILE-FINAM1)
2002 FORMAT(A20)
WRITE(*,2003)
2003 F0RMAT(1X,,A[[17;9H ')
WRITE(*,2010) FINAM1
2010 F0RMAT(1X,,A[[17;58H',A20)
WRITE(*,2004)
2004 FORMAT(IX,,A[[17;9HName of Output File?..')
READ(*,2002) FINAME
OPEN(6,FILE-FINAME)
WRITE(*,2003)
WRITE(*,2011) FINAME
2011 F0RMAT(1X,,A[[19;58H',A20)
WRITE(*,2005)
2005 F0RMAT(1X,,A[[22;58H ')
WRITE(*,2006)
2006 FORMAT(IX,'A[[22;58HReading Inputs')
575 PI-3.1415926
RAD-PI/180.
DEG-180./PI
DREF-ALOG(10000.)
WRITE(6,250)
250 FORMAT(1H1,//,20X,'FUGITIVE DUST MODEL (FDM)',/20X,'VERSION 1.0',
*/20X,'JANUARY, 1988')
10 READ (5,100,END-9999) TITLE
100 FORMAT(A80)
WRITE(6,251) TITLE
251 FORMAT(//,5X,'RUN TITLE:',/,10X,A80/)
WRITE (6,260) FINAM1
260 FORMAT(10X,'INPUT FILE NAME: ',A20)
WRITE(6,261) FINAME
261 FORMAT(10X,'OUTPUT FILE NAME: ',A20)
READ (5,120,END-9999) ICDSW,IMETOP,IPLTOP,IPRTOP,IPOST,IDEPOP,I1HR
*,I3HR,I8HR,I24HR,IANN
C - 9
-------
120 F0RMAT(11I2)
IF(ICDSW.LT.l) ICDSW-1
IF(ICDSW.GT.2) ICDSW-2
IF(IMETOP.LT.2) GOTO 21
IF(IMETOP.GT.2) THEN
IPOST-1
GOTO 29
END IF
WRITE(*,2026)
2026 FORMAT(IX,'A[[17;9HName of Met. File?..')
READ(*,2002) FINAME
OPEN(2,FILE-FINAME,FORM-'UNFORMATTED')
WRITE(*,2003)
WRITE(6,262) FINAME
262 FORMAT(10X,'MET DATA READ FROM FILE NAME: ',A20)
GOTO 21
29 DO 70 1-1,6
DO 70 J-1,16
READ(5,1020) (ROSE(K,J,I),K-1,6)
1020 FORMAT(6F10.0)
70 CONTINUE
READ(5,1020) (AMIX(I),1-1,6)
READ(5,1020) (UCLAS(I),1-1,6)
21 IF(IPLTOP.LT.2) GOTO 20
WRITE(*,2025)
2025 FORMAT(IX,,A[[17;9HName of Plot File?..')
READ(*,2002) FINAME
OPEN(1,FILE-FINAME)
WRITE(6,263) FINAME
263 FORMAT(10X,'PLOT OUTPUT WRITTEN TO FILE NAME: ',A20)
WRITE(*,2003)
20 IF(IPOST.LT.2) GOTO 60
WRITE(*,2027)
2027 F0RMAT(1X,'A[[17;9HName of Output Tape?..')
READ(*,2002) FINAME
OPEN(3,FILE-FINAME,FORM-'UNFORMATTED')
WRITE(6,264) FINAME
264 FORMAT(10X,'POST-PROCESSOR OUTPUT WRITTEN TO FILE NAME: ',A20)
WRITE(*,2003)
60 READ (5,110) NS,NR,NPS1,NM
110 FORMAT(4I5)
IF(IMETOP.GT.2) NM-576
READ (5,111) ATIM,ZO,SCAL,PD
111 FORMAT (4F10.0)
IF(ATIM.EQ.O.) ATIM-60.
IF(Z0.EQ.O.) Z0-1.0
IF(SCAL.EQ.0.) SCAL-1.0
IF (IMETOP.NE.2) GOTO 34
READ(5,124) (ISCAN(I),1-1,366)
124 FORMAT(8011)
ITMET-0
DO 41 1-1,366
C - 10
-------
ITMET-1TMET+1S CAN(I)
41 CONTINUE
NM-ITMET*24
34 WRITE(6,252) ICDSW,IMETOP,IPLTOP,IPRTOP,IPOST,IDEPOP,IIHR,I3HR,
*I8HR,I24HR,IANN.NS,NR,NPS1,NM,ATIM,ZO,SCAL.PD
252 FORMAT(//,10X,'CON/DEP SWITCH 1-CONCEN, 2-DEPO',19X,II,/,
* 10X,'MET OPTION SWITCH, 1-CARDS, 2-PREPROCESSED',8X,II,
* /,10X,'PLOT FILE OUTPUT, 1-NO, 2-YES',21X,II,/,
* 10X,'MET DATA PRINT SWITCH, 1-NO, 2-YES',16X,II,/,
* 10X,'POST-PROCESSOR OUTPUT, 1-NO, 2-YES',16X,II,/,
* 10X,'DEP. VEL./GRAV. SETL. VEL., 1-DEFAULT, 2-USER',5X,
*U,/.
* 10X,'PRINT 1-HOUR AVERAGE CONCEN, 1-NO, 2-YES',10X,II,/,
* 10X,'PRINT 3-HOUR AVERAGE CONCEN, 1-NO, 2-YES',10X,II,/,
* 10X,'PRINT 8-HOUR AVERAGE CONCEN, 1-NO, 2-YES',10X,II,/,
* 10X,'PRINT 24-HOUR AVERAGE CONCEN, 1-NO, 2-YES',9X,II,/,
* 10X,'PRINT LONG-TERM AVERAGE CONCEN, 1-NO, 2-YES',7X,II,
* /,10X,'NUMBER OF SOURCES PROCESSED',20X,14,/,
* 10X,'NUMBER OF RECEPTORS PROCESSED',18X,14,/,
* 10X,'NUMBER OF PARTICLE SIZE CLASSES',16X,14,/,
* 10X,'NUMBER OF HOURS OF MET DATA PROCESSED',10X,I4,/,
* 10X,'LENGTH IN MINUTES OF 1-HOUR OF MET DATA',6X,F6.0,/,
* 10X,'ROUGHNESS LENGTH IN CM',20X,F9.2,/,
* 10X,'SCALING FACTOR FOR SOURCE AND RECPTORS',3X,F10.4,/,
* 10X,'PARTICLE DENSITY IN G/CM**3',15X,F9.2)
WRITE(*,2015)
2015 FORMAT(IX,'A[[17;9HW111 Process:')
WRITE(*,2016) NM
2016 FORMAT(IX,'A[[18;llHNumber of Met Cond...',14)
WRITE(*,2017) NS
2017 FORMAT(IX,'A[[19;llHNumber of Sources ',14)
WRITE(*,2018) NR
2018 F0RMAT(1X,'A[[20;llHNumber of Receptors..',14)
IF(IMETOP.NE.2) GOTO 42
WRITE(6,125) (ISCAN(I),1-1,366)
125 FORMAT(/10X,'PREPROCESSED METEOROLOGICAL DATA SELECTION SWITCHES',
*/10X,8011,/,10X,8011,/,10X,8011,/,10X,8011,/,10X,4611)
42 IF(NPSl.LE.O) GOTO 30
NPS-NPS1
READ(5,121) (DIA(I),I—1,NPS)
121 FORMAT(8F10.0)
READ(5,121) (FRAC(I),I-l.NPS)
IF(IDEPOP.LT.2) GOTO 35
READ(5,121) (VG(I),I—1,NPS)
READ(5,121) (VD(I),I-1,NPS)
GOTO 36
35 DO 37 I-l.NPS
DIA(I)-DIA(I)*.0001
CUNN(I)- 1.0+.00001306/DIA(I)*(1.257+.4*EXP(-84227*DIA(I)))
VG(I)-DIA(I)*DIA(I)*3011.*
-------
DO 270 I-l.NPS
IF(FRAC(I).NE.O.) ITEST-1
270 CONTINUE
IF(ITEST.EQ.O) THEN
WRITE(6,271)
271 FORMAT(10X,'*****ERROR*****',/,
*'***** PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION SET TO 0*****')
STOP
ENDIF
WRITE(6,254)
254 FORMAT(//,10X,'GENERAL PARTICLE SIZE CLASS INFORMATION',//,
*10X,' GRAV. FRACTION',/,
*10X,' PARTICLE CHAR. SETTLING DEPOSITION IN EACH',/,
*10X,' SIZE DIA. VELOCITY VELOCITY SIZE',/,
*10X,' CLASS (CM) (M/SEC) (M/SEC) CLASS',/,
*10X,' ')
IF(IDEP0P.GE.2) WRITE(6,255)(I,DIA(I),VG(I),VD(I),FRAC(I),1-1,NPS)
255 FORMAT(10X,19,2X.F10.7,2X,F8.5,2X,F10.4,2X,F8.4)
IF(IDEPOP.LT.2) THEN
WRITE(6,272) (I,DIA(I),VG(I),FRAC(I),1-1,NPS)
272 FORMAT(10X,I9,2X,F10.7,2X,F8.5,2X,' **',2X,F8.4)
WRITE(6,273)
273 FORMAT (10X, ' ',/,10X,'** COMPUTED HOURLY BY FDM')
ENDIF
DO 576 J-l.NS
DO 576 I-l.NPS
CDSWA(1,I,J)—FRAC(I)
CDSWA(2,I,J)-FRAC(I)
576 CONTINUE
GOTO 40
30 NPS-1
IDEPOP-2
DO 577 J-l.NS
CDSWA(1,1,J)—1.0
CDSWA(2,l,J)-0.
FRAC(1)—1.
VG(1)-0.
VD(l)-0.
577 CONTINUE
40 DO 1000 I-l.NR
READ (5,130) XR(I),YR(I),ZR(I)
130 FORMAT(3F10.0)
XR(I)-SCAL*XR(I)
YR(I)-SCAL*YR(I)
ZR(I)-SCAL*ZR(I)
1000 CONTINUE
WRITE(6,256)
256 FORMAT(1H1,//,10X,'RECEPTOR COORDINATES (X,Y,Z)'/)
WRITE(6,257) (XR(I),YR(I),ZR(I),1-l.NR)
257 FORMAT(3('(',F7.0,',',F7.0,',',F4.0,')',2X))
IF(IPOST.LT.2) GOTO 61
NHOURS-24
C - 12
-------
IF(NM.LT.24) NHOURS-24
NDAYS—NM/24+.99
WRITE(3) NS , NU, NU, NU, NR,NHOURS,NDAYS,NU
READ(TITLE,1010) (TITTAP(I),1-1,20)
1010 FORMAT(20A4)
VRITE(3) (NU.I-1,20),(TITTAP(J),J-1,20),(DUMCHR.K-l,9)
WRITE(3) (XR(I),1-1,MR),(YR(J),J-1,NR)
WRITE<3) (DUMMY,I-1,NR)
WRITE<3) (DUMMY,1-1,11)
WRITE(3) (I,1-1,NS),(NU.I-l.NS),((DUMMY,J-l,9),I-l.NS),(NU,I-l.NS)
*,((DUMMY,J-1,20),1-1,NS),(NU,I-1,NS)
61 WRITE(6,258)
258 FORMAT(1H1,//,10X,'SOURCE INFORMATION',,
*10X,' ENTERED EMIS. TOTAL
* ' »/>
*10X,' RATE (G/SEC,' EMISSION
*
*10X,' G/SEC/M OR RATE
* Y2 HEIGHT WIDTH',/,
*10X,'TYPE G/SEC/M**2) (G/SEC)
* (M) (M) (M)',/,
*10X,'
* ')
DO 1050 I-l.NS
READ (5,122) ITYP(I),K,Q(I),WSD(I) ,XL1(I),YL1(I),X12
-------
123 FORMAT(10X,'****THIS SOURCE HAS NO DEPOSITION')
ENDIF
IF(K.EQ.l) THEN
READ(5,121) (FRAC(K),K-1,NPS)
WRITE(6,265)
265 FORMAT(10X,'****SOURCE RE-SIZED, SIZE DISTRIBUTION BY CLASS IS:')
WRITE(6,126) (FRAC(K),K-1,NPS)
126 FORMAT(10X,6F7.4)
DO 31 J-l.NPS
CDSWA(1,J,I)—FRAC(I)
CDSWA(2,J,I)—FRAC(I)
31 CONTINUE
ENDIF
1050 CONTINUE
IF(IMETOP.GT.2) GOTO 300
METCNT-0
IF (IMETOP.LT.2) GOTO 24
READ(2) ID,IYEAR,IDM,IYEAR
24 DO 9000 IM-l.NM
IF(IMETOP.LT.2) GOTO 22
METCNT-METCNT+1
IF (IM.NE.1.AND.METCNT.LE.24) GOTO 23
METCNT-1
33 READ(2) IYEAR,IMO,DAY,KST,SPEED,TEMP,AFV,AFVR,HLH
IDAY-DAY
IF(ISCAN(IDAY).NE.l) GOTO 33
23 CLAS-KST(METCNT)
U-SPEED (METCNT)
MIXH-HLH(1.METCNT)
TA-TEMP(METCNT)
BRG-AFVR(METCNT)+180.
IF(BRG.GT.360.) BRG—BRG-360.
WD(METCNT)-BRG
GOTO 25
22 READ (5,190) U,BRG,CLAS,MIXH,TA
190 FORMAT(2F10.0,15,5X,2F10.0)
METCNT-METCNT+1
IF (METCNT.GT.24) DAY-DAY+1.
IF (METCNT.GT.24) METCNT-1
SPEED(METCNT)-U
TEMP(METCNT)-TA
KST(METCNT)-CLAS
HLH(1,METCNT)-MIXH
AFVR(METCNT)-BRG+180.
WD (METCNT)-BRG
IF(AFVR(METCNT).GT.360.) AFVR(METCNT)-AFVR(METCNT)-360.
25 BRG-BRG+180.
IF (BRG.GE.360.) BRG-BRG-360.
IF(IDEPOP.LT.2) CALL VCAL(ZREF,Z0.TA.CLAS,NPS,U,VG,VD,CUNN,DIA)
DO 39 I-l.NPS
DO 39 J-l.NS
CDSW(2,I,J)-CDSWA(2,I,J)*VD(I)
C - 14
-------
CDSW(1,I,J)-CDSWA(1,I,J)
IF(IOFF(J).EQ.1) CDSW(2,I,J)-0.
39 CONTINUE
XVEC-C0S(RAD*(450.-BRG))
YVEC-SIN(RAD*(450.-BRG))
AFAC-(ATIM/3.0)**.2
SY1-ALOG(AY1(CLAS)*((ZO/3.)**.2)*AFAC)
SYIO-ALOG(AY2(CLAS)*((ZO/3.)**.07)*AFAC)
PY1—EXP(SYl)
PY2-(SY10-SY1)/DREF
S ZIO-ALOG(AZ(CLAS)*((ZO/IO.)**.07)*AFAC)
IF(IPOST.LT.2) GOTO 62
HOUR-METCNT*100.
IP0ST1-4*NS
WRITE(3) DUMMY,U,(DUMMY,1-1,10),HOUR,(DUMMY,1-1,IPOST1)
62 DO 720 J-l.NR
C(J)-0.
720 CONTINUE
DO 8000 IL-l.NS
WRITE (*,2014) IM,IL
2014 FORMAT(IX,'A[[22;55HMET -',14,' SOURCE -',13)
WSD1-U**WSD(IL)
DO 4000 1-1,20
V1(I)«VD(I)-VG(I)/2.
VS(I)-VG(I)
IF(IOFF(IL).EQ.1) THEN
VS(I)-0.
Vl(I)-0.
END IF
4000 CONTINUE
GO T0(4100,4200,4300),ITYP(IL)
4100 CALL POINT(CS,XL1(IL),YL1(IL),CLAS,HL(IL),Q(IL))
CONTINUE
GOTO 8002
4200 CALL LINE(CS,XL1(IL),YL1(IL),XL2(IL),YL2(IL),WL(IL),HL(IL),Q(IL))
GOTO 8002
4300 CALL AREA(CS,XL1(IL),YLl(IL),XL2(IL),YL2(IL),Q(IL),HL(IL))
8002 DO 8003 I-1,NR
CS(I)-CS(I)*WSD1
8003 CONTINUE
IF(IPOST.GE.2) WRITE(3) (CS(I),1-1,NR)
DO 8001 I-l.NR
C(I)-C(I)+CS(I)
CS(I)-0.
8001 CONTINUE
8000 CONTINUE
IF(I1HR.LT.2) GOTO 50
CALL C0NAV(C1,1,IM,1)
50 IF(I3HR.LT.2) GOTO 51
I3CT-I3CT+1
CALL CONAV(C3,3,IM,I3CT)
51 IF(I8HR.LT.2) GOTO 52
15
-------
I8CT-I8CT+1
CALL C0NAV(C8,8,IM,I8CT)
52 IF(I24HR.LT.2) GOTO 53
I24CT—I24CT+1
CALL C0NAV(C24,24,IM,I24CT)
53 IF(IANN.LT.2) GOTO 54
IDUM-IM
CALL CONAV(CANN,NM,IM,IDUM)
54 IF(IPRTOP.NE.2) GOTO 9000
IF(METCNT.EQ.24.0R.IM.EQ.NM) THEN
WRITE(6,27) DAY,IM-23,IM
27 FORMAT(1H1,//,' METEOROLOGICAL DATA FOR DAY',F5.0,' (HOUR
*S ',14,' TO ',14,')',//,
*' WIND WIND STABILITY MIXING AMBIENT',/,
*' SPEED DIRECTION CLASS HEIGHT TEMP.',/,
*' (M/SEC) (DEGREES) (TURNER) (M) (DEG. K)',/,
*' >)
WRITE(6,28) (SPEED(I),WD(I),KST(I),HLH(1,I),TEMP(I),I-l.METCNT)
28 FORMAT(F10.2,3X,F9.0,3X,19,3X,F7.0,3X,F9.1)
DO 26 1-1,24
SPEED(I)-999.
AFVR(I)—999.
KST(I)-9
HLH(1,1)-999.
TEMP(I)—999.9
26 CONTINUE
ENDIF
9000 CONTINUE
GOTO 9999
300 TA—293.
DO 310 IS-1,6
DO 310 IU-1,6
IF(IDEPOP.LT.2) THEN
CALL VCAL(ZREF,ZO,TA,IS,NPS,UCLAS(IU),VG1,VD1,CUNN,DIA)
ENDIF
DO 320 I-l.NPS
IF(IDEPOP.LT.2) THEN
VSA(I,IU,IS)—VG1(I)
V1A(I,IU,IS)-VDl(I)-VGl(I)/2.
ENDIF
IF(IDEPOP.GE.2) THEN
VSA(I,IU,IS)—VG(I)
V1A(I,IU,IS)—VD(I)-VG(I)/2
ENDIF
320 CONTINUE
310 CONTINUE
DO 330 IL^l.NS
DO 340 IR-l.NR
WRITE (*,2019) IL.IR
2019 FORMAT(IX,'A[[23;55HSOURCE -',13,' RECP -',13)
GOTO(400,401,402) ITYP(IL)
400 Xl-XLl(IL)-XR(IR)
C - 16
-------
Yl-YLl(IL)-YR(IR)
IF(X1.EQ.O..AND.Y1.EQ.0.) GOTO 340
R1-(X1*X1+Y1*Y1)**0.5
ARG-Y1/R1
THETA—ACOS(ARG)
IF(X1.LT.0.> THETA-6.2831853-THETA
IW-THETA/0.392699+1.5
XVIRT-0.
CALL PTCAL( C, R1,XVIRT,2R(IR),IR,IW,HL(IL),Q(IL))
GOTO 340
401 CALL LINEA(C,XLl(IL) ,YLl(IL) ,XL2(IL) ,YL2(IL) , IR,XR(IR) ,YR(XR) ,
*ZR(IR),HL(IL),Q(IL),SNDF,CSDF)
GOTO 340
402 CALL AREAA(C,XLl(IL) ,YL1(1L) ,XL2(IL) ,YL2(IL), IR.XR(IR) ,YR(IR),
*ZR(IR),HL(IL),Q(IL),SNDF,CSDF)
340 CONTINUE
330 CONTINUE
IF(ICDSW.EQ.l) THEN
WRITE(6,1100)
1100 FORMAT(1H1,/,10X,'AVERAGE CONCENTRATIONS IN KICROGRAMS/K**3',/,
*10X,'FOR STATISTICAL WIND ROSE',/)
ENDIF
IF(ICDSW.EQ.2) THEN
WRITE(6,1101)
1101 FORMAT(1H1,/,10X,'AVERAGE DEPOSITION IN MICROGRAMS/M**2/SEC',/,
*1QX,'FOR STATISTICAL WIND ROSE',/)
ENDIF
WRITE(6,1102) (XR(I),YR(I),C(I),1-1,NR)
1102 F0RMAT(3(' (',F7.0,',',F7.0,',',F10.3,') '))
IF(IPLTOP.LT.2) GOTO 9999
DO 360 I-l.NR
WRITE(1,1103) XR(I),YR(I),C(I)
1103 FORMAT(3F15.5)
360 CONTINUE
9999 WRITE(*,2013)
2013 F0RMAT(1X,'A[[2J')
STOP
END
C - 17
-------
SUBROUTINE VCAL(ZREF,ZO,TA,IS,NPS,U,VG,VD,CUNN,DIA)
DIMENSION VG(20),VD(20),DIA(20),CUNN(20)
CALL KCAL(ZREF,ZO,TA,IS,U,USTAR,ZOL)
IF(ZOL.GT.O.) SSH—5.*ZOL
IF(ZOL.EQ,0.) SSH—0.
IF(ZOL.LT.0.) THEN
SSH-EXP(.598+.39*ALOG(-ZOL)-0.09*(ALOG(-ZOL))**2)
ENDIF
RA-2.857/USTAR*(ALOG(ZREF/ZO)-SSH)
DO 1 1-1;NPS
SC-1.7 3E12*DIA(I)/CUNN(I)/TA
ST-VG(I)*USTAR*USTAR/.1776
IF(ST.LT..1) ST-.l
Ql—3/ST
IF(Q1 .LT. -10.) Ql—10.
RD-1./(SC**(-.6667)+10**(Ql))/USTAR
VD(I)-1./(RA+RD+RA*RD*VG(I))+VG(I)
1 CONTINUE
RETURN
END
SUBROUTINE KCAL(ZREF,ZO,TA,IS,U,USTAR,ZOL)
DIMENSION DTDZ(6)
DATA DTDZ/4*0.,0.02,0.035/
B-9.81*ZREF*ZREF*DTDZ(IS)/TA/U/U
Al—ALOG(ZREF/ZO)
IF(B.LT.O.) GOTO 1
XH-0.05
X-0.15
FH-XH/((A1+.33333)/l.33333)**2-B
10 IF(X.EQ.0.2) X-0.19999999
IF(X.LT.0.2) GOTO 12
XTEST—Al/5/(l-Al)
IF(X.GE.XTEST)X-XTEST-.0001
12 F-X/(A1*(1.-5*X)+5*X)**2-B
PH-1./(1.-5*X)
PS—5*X*PH
IF(ABS(F).LT.0.0001) GOTO 100
IF(X.EQ.XH) GOTO 100
SL-(F-FH)/(X-XH)
BINT-F-SL*X
XNEW— BINT/SL
IF(ABS((XNEW-X)/XNEW).LT.0.0001) GOTO 100
XH-X
FH-F
X-XNEW
GOTO 10
1 XH-0.
FH--B
X— . 05
20 IF(X.GE..06667) X-.06666
IF(X.EQ.0.) X-0.0001
PH-1.0/(1.0 -15*X)**. 25
C - 18
-------
ZETA-(1.0-15*X)**.25
ZETAO-(l.O-15*X*Z0/ZREF)**.25
ARG1-ALOG((ZETA-1.0)*(ZETA0+1.0)/((ZETA+1.0)*(ZETAO-1.0)))
ARG2-2.0*(ATAN(ZETA)-ATAN(ZETAO))
PS-Al-ARG1-ARG2
F-X/((A1-PS)/PH)**2-B
IF(ABS(F).LT..0001) GOTO 100
SL-(F-FH)/(X-XH)
BINT-F-SL*X
XNEW—BINT/SL
IF(ABS((XNEW-X)/XNEW).LT.0.0001) GOTO 100
XH-X
FH-F
X-XNEW
GOTO 20
100 IF(X.LT.O.) ZOL-X
IF(X.GE.O.) ZOL-X/(1.0-5*X)
USTAR-0.35*U/(Al-PS)
IF(ZOL.LT.0.) PHH-0.74/(1.-9*ZOL)**.5
IF(ZOL.GE.O.) PHH-.74+5*ZOL
EDDY-.35*USTAR*ZREF/PHH
RETURN
END
C - 19
-------
SUBROUTINE LINE(C,XL1,YL1,XL2,YL2,W,H,Q1)
REAL NE,LIM,KZ,LB,INC,MIXH
REAL*8 HYP,SIDE,FAC2,PD, A,B, L, D,
* XPRI,YPRI,APRI,BPRI,LPRI,DPRI,XD,YD,
* LL,INTG(6)
COMMON/CONCEN/ XR(200),YR(200),ZR(200)
COMMON/MET/ BRG,U,MIXH
COMMON/PARAM/DEG,RAD,ATIM,SZIO,DREF,XVEC,YVEC,VI(20),VS(20),NPS,
1 NR,PY1.PY2,CDSW(2,20,100),ICDSW,IPLTOP,IL
DIMENSION Y(6),WT(5),C(200)
DATA WT/0.25,0.75,1.,0.75,0.25/
880 W2-W/2.
LL-SQRT((XL1-XL2)**2+(YLl-YL2)**2)
XD-XL2-XL1
YD-YL2-YL1
LB-DEG*( ACOS( ABS(XD)/LL))
IF (XD.GT.O. .AND.
* YD.GE.O.) LB-90.-LB
IF (XD.GE.O. .AND.
* YD.LT.O.) LB-90.+LB
IF (XD.LT.O. .AND.
* YD.LE.O.) LB-270.-LB
IF (XD.LE.O. .AND.
* YD.GT.O.) LB-270,+LB
PHI-ABS(BRG-LB)
IF (PHI.LE.90.) GO TO 7600
IF (PHI.GE.270.)"GO TO 5000
PHI-ABS(PHI-180.)
GO TO 7600
5000 PHI-ABS(PHI-360.)
7600 IF (PHI.LT.20.) GO TO 7630
IF (PHI.LT.50.) GO TO 7620
IF (PHI.LT.70.) GO TO 7610
BASE-4.
GO TO 7650
7610 BASE-2.
GO TO 7650
7620 BASE-1.5
GO TO 7650
7630 BASE-1.1
7650 PHI—RAD*(PHI)
IF (PHI.GT.1.5706) PHI-1.5706
IF (PHI.LT.0.00017) PHI-0.00017
DSTR-1.
7800 TR-DSTR*W2/U
SGZ1-ALOG((1.8+0.11*TR)*(ATIM/30.)**0.2)
PZ2-(SZ10-SGZ1)/(DREF-ALOG(W2))
PZ1-EXP((SZ10+SGZ1-PZ2*(DREF+ALOG(W2)))/2.)
DO 6000 IR-l.NR
A—(XR(IR)-XL1)**2+(YR(IR)-YL1)**2
B—(XR(IR)-XL2)**2+(YR(IR)-YL2)**2
L-(B-A-LL**2)/(2.*LL)
C - 20
-------
IF (A.GT.L**2) D- SQRT(A-L**2)
IF (A.LE.L**2) D-0.
UWL-LL+L
DWL-L
XPRI-XR(IR)+D*XVEC
YPRI-YR(IR)+D*YVEC
APRI-(XPRI-XL1)**2+(YPRI-YL1)**2
BPRI-(XPRI-XL2)**2+(YPRI-YL2)**2
LPRI-(BPRI-APRI-LL**2)/(2.*LL)
IF ((APRI-LPRI**2).GT..001) DPRI-SQRT(APRI-LPRI**2)
IF ((APRI-LPRI**2).LT..001) DPRI-0.
IF (DPRI.LT.D) D—D
IF (LPRI-L) 5725,5735,5735
5725 TEMP-UWL
UWL— DWL
DWL—TEMP
5735 CONTINUE
5750 Z-ZR(IR)
3050 SGN-1.
3060 NE-0.
STP-1.
FINI-1.
IF (SGN.EQ.l. .AND.
* UWL.LE.O. .AND.
* DWL.LT.O.) SGN—1.
3080 IF (SGN.EQ.-l. .AND.
* UWL.GT.O. .AND.
* DWL.GE.O.) GO TO 6000
ED 1-0.
ED2-SGN*W
3110 IF (SGN.EQ.-l.) GO TO 3160
IF (EDI.LE.DWL .AND. ED2.LE.DWL) GO TO 3770
IF (EDI.GT.DWL .AND. ED2.LT.UWL) GO TO 3250
IF (ED1.LE.DWL) ED1-DWL
IF (ED2.LT.UWL) GO TO 3250
ED2-UWL
SGN—1.
NE— 1.
GO TO 3250
3160 IF (EDI.GE.UWL .AND. ED2.GE.UWL) GO TO 3770
IF (EDI.LT.UWL .AND. ED2.GT.DWL) GO TO 3250
IF (EDI.GE.UWL) ED1-UWL
IF (ED2.GT.DWL) GO TO 3250
ED2-DWL
FINI-0,
3250 EL2-ABS(ED2-EDl)/2.
ECLD—(EDl+ED2)/2.
ELL2-W2/COS(PHI)+(EL2-W2*TAN(PHI))*SIN(PHI)
IF (PHI.GE.ATAN(W2/EL2)) CSL2-W2/SIN(PHI)
IF (PHI.LT.ATAN(W2/EL2)) CSL2-EL2/COS(PHI)
EM2-ABS((EL2-W2/TAN(PHI))*SIN(PHI))
EN2-(ELL2-EM2)/2.
C - 21
-------
QE-Q1*CSL2/W2
FET-(ECLD+D*TAN(PHI))*COS(PHI)
HYP—ECLD**2+D**2
SIDE-FET**2
IF (SIDE.GT.HYP) YE-O.
IF (SIDE.LE.HYP) YE- SQRT(HYP-SIDE)
IF (FET.LE.-CSL2) GO TO 3830
IF (FET.GE.CSL2) GO TO 3320
QE-QE*(FET+CSL2)/(2.*CSL2)
FET—(CSL2+FET)/2.
3320 SGZ—PZ1*FET**PZ2
KZ-SGZ**2*U/(2.*FET)
SGY—PY1*FET**PY2
FAC1-0.399/(SGZ*U)
Y(1)-YE+ELL2
Y(2)-Y(1)-EN2
Y(3)-Y(2)-EN2
Y(4)-Y(3)-2*EM2
Y(5)-Y(4)-EN2
Y(6)-Y(5)-EN2
DO 3480 1-1,6
LIM—ABS(Y(I)/SGY)
T-I./(1.+0.2 3164*LIM)
ARG—LIM**2/(-2.)
IF (LIM.GT.5.) INTG(I)-0.
IF (LIM.LE.5.) INTG(I)-0.3989*EXP(ARG)*(0.3194*T-0.3566*T**2+
* 1.7815*T**3-1.8213*T**4+1.3303*T**5)
3480 CONTINUE
FAC2-0.
DO 3530 1-1,5
IF ((SIGN(1.,Y(I))).EQ.(SIGN(1.,Y(I+1))))
* PD- ABS(INTG(1+1)-INTG(I))
IF ((SIGN(1.,Y(I))).NE.(SIGN(1.,Y(I+1))))
* PD—1.-INTG(I)-INTG(1+1)
FAC2—FAC2+PD*QE*WT(I)
3530 CONTINUE
FACT—FAC1*FAC2
3580 FAC3-0.
DO 3560 ID—l.NPS
IF (Vl(ID).EQ.O.) GO TO 3670
ARG-V1(ID)*SGZ/(KZ*SQRT(2.))+(Z+H)/(SGZ*SQRT(2.))
CALL DEPO(ARG,EFRC)
FAC3—(1.414214)*V1(ID)*SGZ/KZ*EXP(-.5*(Z+H/SGZ)**2)*EFRC
3670 CONTINUE
IF (VS(ID).EQ.O.) GO TO 3710
FAC4-EXP(-VS(ID)*(Z-H)/(2.*KZ)-(VS(ID)*SGZ/KZ)**2/8.)
FACT—FACT*FAC4
3710 FAC5-0.
CNT-0.
3720 EXLS-0.
3730 ARG1--0.5*((Z+H+2.*CNT*MIXH)/SGZ)**2
IF (ARG1.LT.-44.) EXP1-0.
C - 22
-------
IF (ARG1.GE.-44.) EXPl-EXP(ARGL)
ARG2--0.5*((Z-H+2.*CNT*MIXH)/SGZ)**2
IF (ARG2.LT.-44.) EXP2-0.
IF (ARG2.GE.-44.) EXP2-EXP(ARG2)
FAC5—FAC5+EXP1+EXP2
IF (MIXH.GE.1000.) GO TO 3760
IF ((EXP1+EXP2+EXLS).EQ.O. .AND. CNT.LE.O.) GO TO 3760
3740 IF (CNT.GT.O.) GO TO 3750
CNT-ABS(CNT)+1.
GO TO 3720
3750 CNT—l.*CNT
EXLS-EXP1+EXP2
GO TO 3730
3760 INC-FACT*(FAC5-FAC3)*CDSW(ICDSW,ID,IL)
C(IR)-C(IR)+INC
3560 CONTINUE
3770 IF (FINI.EQ.O.) GO TO 6000
NE-NE+1.
STP-BASE**NE
IF (NE.EQ.O.) GO TO 3080
EDI-ED2
ED2-ED2+SGN*STP*W
GO TO 3110
3830 IF (SGN.EQ.l.) GO TO 3770
6000 CONTINUE
RETURN
END
C - 23
-------
SUBROUTINE DEPO(ARG,CERF)
DATA P/.47047/,Al/.34802/,A2/.09588/,A3/.74786/
X—ARG
IF(ARG.GE.l.O) GO TO 1
T-l.0/(1.0+P*X)
FCN-A1*T-A2*T**2+A3*T**3
CERF-FCN*1.77245
RETURN
1 1-10
VAL-2.0*X
3 ITEST-I/2.0+0.5
ITEST—ITEST*2
IF(ITEST.EQ.I) GO TO 2
VAL?-X*2.0+1*1.0/VAL
I-I-l
IF(I.EQ.O) GO TO 4
GO TO 3
2 VAL-X+I*1.0/VAL
I-I-l
GO TO 3
4 VAL-2.0/VAL
CERF-VAL
RETURN
END
C - 24
-------
SUBROUTINE AREA(C,XS,YS,XDIM,YDIM,Q,H)
COMMON/PARAM/DEG,RAD,ATIM,SZ10,DREF,XVEC,YVEC,VI< 20),VS(20),NPS,
1 NR,PY1,PY2,CDSW(2,20,100),ICDSW,IPLTOP,IL
DIMENSION X(4),Y(4),XX(4),YY(4),XA(5),YA(5),XB(5),YB(5),C(200)
X(l)—XS-XDIM/2
X(2)-X(l)
X (3)-XS+XDIM/2
X(4)-X(3)
Y(l)—YS-YDIM/2
Y(2)—YS+YDIM/2
Y(3)-Y(2)
Y(4)-Y(l)
DO 1 1-1,4
XX(I)-X(I)*XVEC+Y(I)*YVEC
YY(I)-Y(I)*XVEC-X(I)*YVEC
1 CONTINUE
DO 2 1-1,4
X(I)-XX(I)
Y(I)-YY(I)
2 CONTINUE
DO 3 1-1,4
K-I+l
DO 3 J-K,4
IF(X(I).LT.X(J)) GOTO 3
HOLD—X(J)
X(J)-X(I)
X(I)-HOLD
HOLD—Y(J)
Y(J)-Y(I)
Y(I)-HOLD
3 CONTINUE
XLEN-X(4)-X(l)
DX-XLEN/5
DX2-DX/2
X1-X(1)+DX2
IF(X(1).EQ.X(2)) GOTO 10
SL12«(Y(2)-Y(l))/(X(2)-X(l))
SL13-(Y(3)-Y(l))/(X(3)-X(l))
SL42—(Y(4)-Y(2))/(X(4)-X(2))
SL43—(Y(4)-Y(3))/
-------
XA(I)-X1*XVEC-Y2*YVEC
YA(I)-Y2*XVEC+X1*YVEC
XB(I)-Xl*XVEC-Y3*YVEC
YB(I)-Y3*XVEC+X1*YVEC
X1-X1+DX
4 CONTINUE
GOTO 20
10 DY1—Y(l)-Y(2)
DY-ABS(DYl)
TL-5*DY
DO 11 1-1,5
Y2-Y(l)
Y3-Y(2)
XA
-------
SUBROUTINE POINT(C,XS,YS,1ST,H,Q)
REAL MIXH
COMMON/CONCEN/ XR(200),YR(200),ZR(200)
COMMON/MET/ BRG,U,MIXH
COMMON/PARAM/DEG,RAD,ATIM,SZ10,DREF,XVEC,YVEC,VI(20),VS(20), NPS ,
1 NR,PY1,PY2,CDSW(2,20,100),ICDSW.IPLTOP.IL
DIMENSION SASIGZ(38),SBSIGZ(38),SC(6),SD(6),XDIS(10,6),INDSGZ(6),
*C(200)
DATA SASIGZ / 122.8,
X 158.08,170.22,179.52,217.41,258.89,346.75,2*453.85,
1 90.673,98.483,109.3,61.141,34.459,32.093,32.093,33.504,36.65,
X 44.053,24.26,
2 23.331,21.628,21.628,22.534,24.703,26.97,35.42,47.618,
3 15.209,14.457,13.953,13.953,14.823,16.187,17.836,22.651,27.074,
4 34.219 /
DATA SBSIGZ /.9447,
X 1.0542,1.0932.1.1262,1.2644.1.4094,1.7283.2*2.1166,
1 .93198,.98332,1.0971,.91465,.86974,.81066,.64403,.60486,.56589,
X .51179,.8366,
2 .81956,.75660,.63077,.57154,.50527,.46713,.37615,.29592,
3 .81558,.78407,.68465,.63227,.54503,.46490,.41507,.32681,.27436,
4 .21716 /
DATA SC,SD / 24.1667,18.333,12.5,8.333,6.25,4.1667,2.5334,1.8096,
1 1.0857,.72382,.54287,.36191 /
DATA XDIS/.l,.15,.2,.25,.3,.4,.5,3.11,1.E20,0., .2,.4,1.E20,7*0.,
1 l.E20,9*0., .'3,1. ,3. ,10. ,30. ,1.E20,4*0. , .1, .3.1. ,2. ,4. ,10. ,
2 20.,40..1.E20.0., .2,.7,1.,2.,3.,7.,15.,30.,60.,1.E20/
DATA INDSGZ /0,9,12,13,19,28/.TWOPI/6.283185/
CSANG--XVEC
SNANG--YVEC
DO 1 IR-l.NR
XI—XS-XR(IR)
Yl-YS-YR(IR)
X-X1*CSANG+Y1*SNANG
Y-Y1*CSANG-X1*SNANG
IF (X.LE.O) GOTO 1
10 IF(IST .NE. 3) GOTO 20
IXDIST - 13
GOTO 80
20 I - 1
30 IF(X/1000.-XDIS(I,1ST) .LE. 0.0) GOTO 40
I - I + 1
GOTO 30
40 IXDIST - INDSGZ(1ST) + I
80 SZ - SASIGZ(IXDIST)*(X/1000.)**SBSIGZ(IXDIST)
IF(SZ.GT.5000.) SZ-5000.
TH«-0.017453293*(SC(IST) - SD(1ST)*ALOG(X/1000. ))
SY-.46511628*X*TAN(TH)
HT-H
IF(H.GT.MIXH) HT-MIXH
IF(ZR(IR).GT.MIXH) GO TO 1
1-1
C - 27
-------
GALL D1ST(ZR(IR) ,X,HT,SZ,U,ZFACT,KR)
100 K-I*2
ZH-K*MIXH-ZR(IR)
CALL DIST(ZH,X,HT,SZ,U,SUM.KR)
IF(KR.EQ.l) GOTO 900
ZFACT—ZFACT+SUM
ZH-K*MIXH+ZR(IR)
CALL DISTCZH.X.HT.SZ.U^UM.KR)
IF(KR.EQ.l) GOTO 900
ZFACT-ZFACT+SUM
I-I+l
IF(I.GT.IO) GOTO 900
GO TO 100
900 YARG— 0. 5*Y*Y/SY/SY
IF (YARG.LT.-25.) GOTO 901
YFACT—EXP(YARG)
C(IR)—Q/TWOPI/SY/SZ/U*YFACT*ZFACT
GOTO 1
901 C(IR)-0.
1 CONTINUE
RETURN
END
C - 28
-------
SUBROUTINE DIST(Z,X,H,SIGZ,U,SUH,KR)
COMMON/PARAM/DEG,RAD,ATIM,S Z10,DREF,XVEC,YVEC,VI(20),VS(20), NPS ,
1 NR,PY1,PY2,CDSW(2,20,100),ICDSW,IPLTOP,IL
DATA S2/1.414214/
KR-0
SUM—0.
DO 10 IPS-l.NPS
GAM—VI(IPS )*S 2*X/SIGZ/U + (Z+H)/S2/SIGZ
IF(GAM.GT.1000.) GO TO 10
BET-X/S2/SIGZ/U
Al—VS(IPS)*(Z-H)*S2*BET/SIGZ-VS(IPS)*VS(IPS)*BET*BET
A2—(Z-H)*(Z-H)/2/SIGZ/SIGZ
A3—(Z+H)*(Z+H)/2/SIGZ/SIGZ
CALL DEPO(GAM,CERF)
IF (A2.LT.-20.) GO TO 1
IF(A3.LT.-20.) GO TO 2
Tl-EXP(A2)+EXP(A3)-4*V1(IPS)*BET*EXP(A3)*CERF
GO TO 4
1 IF(A3.LT.'-20.) GO TO 11
Tl-EXP(A3)-4*V1(IPS)*BET*EXP(A3)*CERF
GO TO 4
2 Tl-EXP(A2)
4 IF(A1.LT.-20.) GO TO 10
T2—EXP(Al)
IF(T1.LT..0001) KR-1
SUM-SUM+T1*T2*CDSW(ICDSW,IPS,IL)
10 CONTINUE
IF(SUM.EQ.O.) GOTO 11
RETURN
11 KR-1
SUM—0.
RETURN
END
C - 29
-------
SUBROUTINE DISP
CHARACTER*1 SIDE,TOP,ULCOR,LLCOR,URCOR,LRCOR,SOLID
SIDE—CHAR(186)
TOP—CHAR(205)
ULCOR-CHAR(201)
LLCOR—CHAR(200)
URCOR-CHAR(187)
LRCOR-CHAR(188)
SOLID-CHAR(219)
WRITE(*,199)
199 F0RMAT(1X,'A[[2J')
WRITE(*,120)
120 FORMAT(' A[[32m')
WRITE(*,100) ULCOR,(TOP,1-1,40),URCOR,ULCOR,(TOP,J-l,28),URCOR
100 FORMAT(2X,42A1,6X,3 OAl)
WRITE(*,101) (SIDE,1-1,4)
101 FORMAT(2X,Al,40X,Al,6X,A1,28X,A1)
WRITE(*,102) SIDE,(SOLID,1-1,23),(SIDE,J-1,3)
102 FORMAT(2X,Al,3X,9A1,3X,8A1,4X,3A1,3X,3A1,4X,Al,6X,Al,28X,Al)
WRITE(*,103) SIDE,(SOLID,1-1,17),(SIDE,J-1,3)
103 FORMAT(2X, Al, 3X, 3A1, 9X, 3Al, 3X, 3A1, 3X, 4A1, IX, 4A1, 4X, Al, 6X, Al, 2X,
1 'IBM PC/XT/AT Version 1.0',2X,A1)
WRITE(*,104) SIDE,(SOLID,1-1,18),(SIDE.J-1,3)
104 FORMAT(2X,Al,3X,3A1,9X,3A1,3X,3A1,3X,9A1,4X,Al,6X,Al,2 8X,
1 Al)
WRITE(*,105) SIDE,(SOLID,1-1,19),(SIDE.J-1,3)
105 FORMAT (2X.Al.3X, 6A1, 6X, 3A1,3X,3A1,3X,3A1,IX,Al,IX, 3A1,
14X,Al,6X.A1,6X,'A[[31m',
l'TRC Environmental', 'A[[32m',5X,A1)
WRITE(*,106) SIDE,(SOLID,1-1,15).(SIDE,J-l,3)
106 FORMAT(2X,Al,3X,3Al,9X,3Al,3X,3Al,3X,3Al,3X,3Al,4X,
1A1,6X,A1,6X,
1'A[[31m','Consultants, Inc.','A[[32m',5X,A1)
WRITE(*,107) SIDE,(SOLID,1-1,15),(SIDE,J-l,3)
107 FORMAT(2X,Al,3X,3A1,9X,3A1,3X,3Al,3X,3Al,3X,3Al,4X,
1A1,6X,Al,28X,Al)
WRITE(*,108) SIDE,(SOLID,1-1,17),(SIDE,J-l,3)
108 FORMAT(2X,Al,3X,3A1,9X,8A1,4X,3A1,3X,3A1,4X,Al,6X,Al,28X,Al)
WRITE(*,101) (SIDE,1-1,4)
WRITE(*,100) LLCOR,(TOP,1-1,40),LRCOR,LLCOR,(TOP,J-l,28),LRCOR
WRITE(*,109)
109 FORMAT(' ')
WRITE(*,100) ULCOR,(TOP,1-1,40),URCOR,ULCOR,(TOP,J-l,28),URCOR
WRITE(*,110) (SIDE,1-1,4)
110 FORMAT(2X.A1,'Input Board:28X.A1,6X.A1,'Status Board:',15X.A1)
WRITE(*,101) (SIDE,1-1,4)
WRITE(*,111) (SIDE,1-1,4)
111 FORMAT(2X,A1,40X,A1,6X,A1,4X,'Input File:',13X,Al)
WRITE(*,101) (SIDE,1-1,4)
WRITE(*,112) (SIDE,1-1,4)
112 FORMAT(2X,Al,40X,Al,6X,Al,4X,'Output File:',12X,Al)
WRITE(*,101) (SIDE,1-1,4)
C - 30
-------
WRITE(*,101) (SIDE,1-1,4)
WRITE(*,113) (SIDE,1-1,4)
113 FORMAT(2X,Al,40X,Al,6X,Al,4X,'Currently Processing:',3X,A1)
WRITE(*,101) (SIDE,1-1,4)
WRITE(*,100) LLCOR,(TOP,1-1,40),LRCOR,LLCOR,(TOP,J-l,28),LRC0R
RETURN
END
C - 31
-------
SUBROUTINE CONAV(CAV,N,IM,ICT)
COMMON/CONAV/C(200)
COMMON/CONCEN/ XR(200),YR(200),ZR(200)
COMMON/PARAM/DEG,RAD,ATIM,S Z10,DREF,XVEC,YVEC,VI(20),VS(20),NPS,
1 NR,PY1,PY2,CDSW(2,20,100),ICDSW,IPLTOP,IL
DIMENSION CAV<200)
DO 1 I-l.NR
CAV(I)—CAV(I)+C(I)/N
1 CONTINUE
IF(ICT.LT.N) GOTO 999
IF(ICDSW.EQ.l) THEN
WRITE(6,1000) N,IM
1000 FORMAT(1H1,/,10X,15,' HOUR AVERAGE FOR HOUR ENDING ',15,/.
*20X,'CONCENTRATIONS IN MICROGRAMS/M**3',/)
ENDIF
IF(ICDSW.EQ.2) THEN
WRITE(6,1003) N, IM
1003 FORMAT(1H1,/,10X,I5,' HOUR AVERAGE FOR HOUR ENDING ',15,/,
*20X,'DEPOSITION IN MICR0GRAMS/M**2/SEC',/)
ENDIF
WRITE(6,1001) (XR(I),YR(I),CAV(I),I«1,NR)
1001 FORMAT(3(' ('pF7.0,',',F7.0,',',F10.3,') '))
IF(IPLTOP.LT.2) GOTO 3
DO 4 I—1,NR
WRITE(1,1002) XR(I),YR(I),CAV(I)
1002 FORMAT(3F15.5)
4 CONTINUE
ICT-0
3 DO 2 I-l.NR
CAV(I)—0.
2 CONTINUE
999 RETURN
END
C - 32
-------
SUBROUTINE PTCAL(C,X,SYO,Z,IR,IW,H,Q)
REAL MIXH
COMMON/ANNUAL/ AMIX( 6),ROSE(6,16,6),UCLAS(6),CDSWA(2,20,100),
1 V1A(20,6,6),VSA(20,6,6),IOFF(100),WSD(100)
COMMON/PARAM/DEG,RAD,ATIM,SZ10,DREF,XVEC,YVEC,VI(20),VS(20),NPS,
1 NR,FY1,PY2,CDSW(2,20,100),ICDSW,IPLTOP,IL
DIMENSION SASIGZ(38),SBSIGZ(38),XDIS(10,6),INDSGZ(6),
*C(200),PS(6),QS(6)
DATA SASIGZ / 122.8,
X 158.08,170.22,179.52,217.41,258.89,346.75,2*453.85,
1 90.673,98.483,109.3,61.141,34.459,32.093,32.093,33.504,36.65,
X 44.053,24.26,
2 23.331,21.628,21.628,22.534,24.703,26.97,35.42,47.618,
3 15.209,14.457,13.953,13.953,14.823,16.187,17.836,22.651,27.074,
4 34.219 /
DATA SBSIGZ /.9447,
X 1.0542,1.0932,1.1262,1.2644,1.4094,1.7283,2*2.1166,
1 .93198,.98332,1.0971,.91465,.86974,.81066,.64403,.60486,.56589,
X .51179,.8366,
2 " .81956,.75660,.63077,.57154,.50527,.46713,.37615,.29592,
3 .81558,.78407,.68465,.63227,.54503,.46490,.41507,.32681,.27436,
4 .21716 /
DATA XDIS/.l,.15,.2,.25,.3,.4,.5,3.11,1.E20,0., .2,.4,1.E20,7*0.,
1 l.E20,9*0., .3,1.,3.,10.,30.,1.E20,4*0., .1,.3,1.,2.,4.,10.,
2 20.,40..1.E20.0., .2,.7,1.,2.,3.,7.,15.,30.,60.,1.E20/
DATA INDSGZ /0.9,12,13,19,28/,PS/209.14,154.46,103.26,68.26,51.06,
1 33.92/,QS/1.124,1.109,1.091,1.088,1.086,1.088/
XY-0.
DO 2 1ST—1,6
MIXH-AMIX(IST)
IF(SY0.EQ.0.) GOTO 10
XY—(SYO/PS(1ST))**QS(IST)*1000.
XV-XY+X
10 IF(IST .NE. 3) GOTO 20
IXDIST - 13
GOTO 80
20 I - 1
30 IF(X/1000.-XDIS(I,1ST) .LE. O.O) GOTO 40
I - I + 1
GOTO 30
40 IXDIST - INDSGZ(IST) + I
80 SZ - SASIGZ(IXDIST)*(X/1000.)**SBSIGZ(IXDIST)
IF(SZ.GT.5000.) SZ-5000.
HT-H
IF(H.GT.MIXH) HT-MIXH
IF(Z.GT.MIXH) GO TO 2
DO 3 ru-i,5
U-UCLAS(IU)
IF(ROSE(IU,IV,1ST).EQ.O.) GOTO 3
DO 90 I-l.NPS
VS(I)-VSA(I,IU,1ST)
V1(I)«V1A(I,IU,1ST)
C - 33
-------
CDSW(1,I,IL)-CDSWA(1,I,IL)
CDSW(2,I,IL)-CDSWA(2,I,IL)*(V1(I)+VS(I)/2)
IF(IOFF(IL).EQ.l) THEN
CDSW(2,I,IL)-0.
VS(I)-0.
Vl(I)-0.
ENDIF
90 CONTINUE
1-1
CALL DIST(Z,X,HT,SZ,U,ZFACT.KR)
100 K—1*2
ZH—K*MIXH-Z
CALL DISTCZH.X.HT.SZ.U.SUM.KR)
IF(KR.EQ.l) GOTO 900
ZFACT-ZFACT+SUM
ZH-K*MIXH+Z
CALL DIST(ZH,X,HTISZ,U,SUM,KR)
IF(KR.EQ.l) GOTO 900
ZFACT-ZFACT+SUM
I-I+l
IF(I.GT.IO) GOTO 900
GO TO 100
900 C(IR)-C(IR)+1.0028*Q*U**WSD(IL)*ZFACT/XV/U/SZ*ROSE(IU,IW,1ST)
3 CONTINUE
2 CONTINUE
RETURN
END
C - 34
-------
SUBROUTINE AREAACC.XS.YS.XDIM.YDIM.IR.XR.YR.ZR.H.Q.SNDF.CSDF)
COMMON/PARAM/DEG,RAD,ATIH,SZIO,DREF,XVEC,YVEC,VI(20),VS(20),NPS,
1 NR,PY1,PY2,CDSW(2,20,100),ICDSW,IPLTOP,IL
COMMON/ANNUAL/ AMIX(6),ROSE(6,16,6),UCLAS(6),CDSWA(2,20,100),
1 V1A(20,6,6),VSA(20,6,6).IOFF(IOO),WSD(100)
DIMENSION X(4),Y(4),XX(4),YY(4),XA(5),YA(5),XB(5),YB(5),C(200),
*SNDF(16),CSDF(16),XXX(4),YYY(4)
XXX(1)-XS-XDIM/2-XR
XXX (2)-XXX(1)
XXX( 3)-XS+XDIM/2-XR
XXX(4)-XXX(3)
YYY(1)-YS-YDIM/2-YR
YYY(2)-YS+YDIM/2-YR
YYY(3)-YYY(2)
YYY(4)—YYY(l)
DO 100 IW-1,16
SND—SNDF(IW)
CSD-CSDF(IW)
DO 1 1-1,4
XX(I)-YYY(I)*CSD+XXX(I)*SND
YY(I)-YYY(I)*SND-XXX(I)*CSD
1 CONTINUE
IF(XX(1).LE.O..AND.XX(2).LE.O.,AND.XX(3).LE.O..AND.XX(4).LE.O.)
* GOTO 100
DO 2 1-1,4
X(I)-XX(I)
Y(I)-YY(I)
2 CONTINUE
DO 3 1-1,4
K-I+l
DO 3 J-K,4
IF(X(I).LT.X(J)) GOTO 3
HOLD—X(J)
X(J)-X(I)
X(I)—HOLD
HOLD-Y(J)
Y(J)-Y(I)
Y(I)—HOLD
3 CONTINUE
XLEN—X(4)-X(l)
DX-XLEN/5
DX2-DX/2
XI—X(1)+DX2
IF(X(1).EQ.X(2)) GOTO 10
SL12—(Y(2)-Y(l))/(X(2)-X(l))
SL13-(Y(3) -Y(l) )/(X( 3) -X(l))
SL42-(Y(4)-Y(2))/(X(4)-X(2))
SL43-(Y(4)*Y(3))/(X(4)-X(3))
TL-0.
DO 4 1-1,5
IF(X1.GT.X(2)) GOTO 5
Y2—Y(1)+(X1-X(1))*SL12
C - 35
-------
Y3-Y(1)+(X1-X(1))*SL13
GOTO 6
5 Y2-Y(4)-(X(4)-X1)*SL42
IF(X1.GT.X(3)) GOTO 7
Y3-Y(1)+(X1-X(1))*SL13
GOTO 6
7 Y3-Y(4)-(X(4)-X1)*SL43
6 TL-TL+ABS(Y3-Y2)
XA(I)-X1
YA(I)-Y2
XB(I)-X1
YB(I)-Y3
X1-X1+DX
4 CONTINUE
GOTO 20
10 DY1—Y(1)-Y(2)
DY-ABS(DYl)
TL-5*DY
DO 11 1-1,5
Y2-Y(l)
Y3-Y(2)
XA(I)-X1
YA(I)-Y2
XB(I)-X1
YB(I)-Y3
Xl-Xl+DX
11 CONTINUE
20 Q1-Q*XDIM*YDIM/TL
DO 30 1-1,5
IF(XA(I).LE.O.) GOTO 30
IF(YA(I).GE.YB(I)) GOTO 13
YHOLD-YA(I)
YA(I)—YB(I)
YB(I)-YHOLD
13 TEST-.19891237*XA(I)
TESTN—TEST
IF(YA(I).LT.TESTN) GOTO 30
IF(YB(I).GT.TEST) GOTO 30
IF(YA(I).GT.TEST) YA(I)-TEST
IF(YB(I).LT.TESTN) YB(I)-TESTN
DY-YA(I)-YB(I)
Q2—Q1*DY
DAREA-DY*DX
SYO-SQRT(DAREA)/4.3
CALL PTCAL(C,XA(I),SY0,ZR,IR,IW,H,Q2)
30 CONTINUE
100 CONTINUE
RETURN
END
C - 36
-------
SUBROUTINE LINEA(C,XL1,YL1,XL2,YL2,IR,XR,YR,ZR,H,Q,SNDF,CSDF)
COMMON/ANNUAL/ AMIX(6),ROSE(6,16,6),UCLAS(6),CDSWA(2,20,100),
1 V1A(20,6,6),VSA(20,6,6),IOFF(IOO),WSD(100)
DIMENSION SNDF(16),CSDF(16),C(200)
XMIN-1.0
BETA-0.1989124
N-5
XX1-XL1- XR
YY1-YL1-YR
XX2-XL2-XR
YY2-YL2-YR
DO 9 IW—1,16
SND-SNDF(IW)
CSD—CSDF(IW)
XI—YY1*CSD+XX1*SND
Y1-YY1*SND-XX1*CSD
X2-YY2*CSD+XX2*SND
Y2-YY2*SND-XX2*CSD
DX-X2-X1
IF(DX.GE.O.)GO TO 1
DX—DX
X0-X2
X2-X1
X1-X0
Y0-Y2
Y2-Y1
Y1-Y0
1 DY-Y2-Y1
IF(DY) 2,3,4
2 DY—DY
Yl—Y1
Y2—Y2
4 XI-(X1*Y2-Y1*X2)/DY
IF(ABS(DX).LT.1.) GO TO 5
SL-DY/DX
XA-SL*XI
XB-l.E+20
IF(SL.NE.BETA) XB-XA/(SL-BETA)
XA-XA/(SL+BETA)
6 YA—BETA*XA
YB-BETA*XB
GO TO 7
5 XA-X1
XB—XI
GO TO 6
3 XB-Y1/BETA
XA—XB
YA-Y1
YB-Y1
7 IF(XB.GT.O.)GO TO 8
IF(XA.LE.O.) GO TO 9
IF(X2.LE.XA) GO TO 9
C - 37
-------
IF(Xl.GT.XA) GO TO 10
XI—XA
Yl-YA
GO TO 10
8 IF(XA.GT.0.) GO TO 11
IF(X2.LE.XB) GO TO 9
IF(Xl.GE.XB) GO TO 10
Xl-XB
Yl-YB
GO TO 10
11 IF(Y2.LE.YA.OR.Y1.GE.YB) GO TO 9
IF(DX.NE.0.) GO TO 12
IF(Yl.LT.YA) Yl-YA
IF(Y2.GT.YB) Y2-YB
GO TO 10
12 IF(Xl.GE.XA) GO TO 13
XI—XA
Yl-YA
13 IF(X2.LE.XB) GO TO 10
X2-XB
Y2-YB
10 DX—(X2-X1)/N
DY-(Y2-Y1)/N
DL-SQRT ( DX*DX+DY*DY)
Q1-Q*DL
X-X1+0.5*DX
Y-Y1+0.5*DY
DO 14 I—1,N
XP-X
IF(XP.LT.XMIN) XP-XMIN
SYO-DL/4.3
CALL PTCAL(C,XP,SYO,ZR,IR,IW,H,Ql)
X-X+DX
Y-Y+DY
14 CONTINUE
9 CONTINUE
RETURN
END
C - 38
-------
inn - )0i
REPORT DOCUMENTATION
PAGE
1. REPORT NO.
EPA-910/9-88-202
J. Raclpianf* AccmiIm Na.
4. TKta and SuMltia
Si Rtport Data
June 1988
USER'S GUIDE FOR THE FUGITIVE DUST MODEL (FDM
7. Autlwrta)
•. Parfomttnt Organisation Ran
Kirk D. Winges
1 Parfonninc Onanteatfan Nama and Add rata
TRC Environmental Consultants, Inc.
21907 64th Ave. W, Suite 230
Mountlake Terrace, WA 98043
10. Proiact/Taak/Worfc Unit No.
11. ContraettC) or QnnMIB Na.
11 AwailaMUty
M> Claaa (TMa Aavort)
Unclassified
laawrity Claaa (TMa Pa«a)
Unclassified
ll.Na.al
106
22. Prtea
(SMANSM09.1*
272 (4-H)
(fanwarty NTIfr-31)
laf<
-------
|