United States Office of Air Quality EPA-450/4-80-007
Environmental Protection Planning and Standards April 1980
Agency Research Triangle Park NC 27711
&ERA Engineering Reference
Manual for Coding NEDS
and EIS/P&R Forms
Volume I: Introduction
-------
EPA-450/4-80-007
Engineering Reference Manual for
Coding NEDS and EIS/P&R Forms
Volume I: Introduction
National Air Data Branch
Monitoring and Data Analysis Division
U S ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Office of Air, Noise, and Radiation
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
April 1980
-------
This report is issued by the Environmental Protection Agency to report technical data of
interest to a limited number of readers. Copies are available - in limited quantities - from
the Library Services Office (MD-35), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research
Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711; or, for a fee, from the National Technical Infor-
mation Service, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, Virginia 22161.
Publication No. EPA-450/4-80-007
ii
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ENGINEERING REFERENCE MANUAL FOR
CODING NEDS AND EIS/P&R FORMS
Volume I: Introduction
National Air Data Branch
Monitoring and Data Analysis Division
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Office of Air, Noise, and Radiation
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
April 1980
-------
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
1. INTRODUCTION 1-1
2. ELEMENTS OF THE MANUAL 2-1
Source Classification Codes 2-1
Process Compendiums 2-2
Updating and Expanding the Manual 2-12
3. CODING INSTRUCTIONS 3-1
Definition of a Point Source 3-2
Coding NEDS Forms 3-2
Coding EIS/P&R Forms 3-14
4. ORGANIZATION OF THE SCC LIST 4-1
i*
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Portions of this manual were prepared under contract by PEDCo-
Environmental, Inc. (Contract Nos. 68-02-1899 and 68-02-2600),
Engineering-Science, Inc. (Contract 68-02-2584) and Pacific Environ-
mental Services, Inc. (Contract 68-02-1890, Task Order 3). Their
assistance is gratefully acknowledged. Arch MacQueen and Chuck Mann
served as EPA Project Officers for the development of this manual.
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SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) maintains
computerized systems for receiving, storing, analyzing, and
reporting information on sources of air pollution throughout the
nation. Pollution sources are classified in two basic cate-
gories: 1) "point" sources, such as industrial plants and simi-
lar facilities that generate substantial quantities of pollut-
ants, and 2) "area" sources, such as motor vehicles and resi-
dences, which are individually rather small sources and are so
numerous that they must be considered collectively in an inventory
of pollutant emissions. This manual deals only with point
sources and with two data systems that report point source infor-
mation: the National Emissions Data System (NEDS), and the
Emission Inventory Subsystem/Permits and Registration (EIS/P&R)
of EPA's Comprehensive Data Handling System.
These data systems provide nationwide estimates of pollutant
emissions. The data are useful in evaluating the effectiveness
of pollution control measures and in planning programs for
improving air quality. It is essential, therefore, that the
information entered into the data systems is both accurate and
complete. The purpose of this manual is to assist the coders of
NEDS and EIS/P&R forms in preparing point source data for entry
into the systems.
1-1
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SECTION 2
ELEMENTS OF THE MANUAL
This manual is presented in multiple volumes to facilitate day-to-day
use. Volume I consists of introductory material together with supple-
mentary coding instructions (Section 3), and a brief description of the
organization of Source Classification Codes (SCC's, Section 4). Volumes
II and III consist of compendiums of information concerning some of the
major pollutant-emitting processes. Additional volumes covering other
processes may be developed in the future. The SCC's and process
compendiums are described briefly below.
SOURCE CLASSIFICATION CODES
A facility or plant that constitutes a point source of emissions
usually involves several distinct physical operations, such as mixing
and grinding, and chemical operations, such as incineration and oxidation.
In this manual the term "process" can denote either the total group of
operations at a plant (as in the term "sulfuric acid manufacturing process")
or a single operation in the overall process (as in the term "oxidation
process"). In the interests of clarity, the term "step" is sometimes used
for the latter purpose, e.g. "the concentration step in the sulfuric acid
manufacturing process." Where it is appropriate, the term "operation" is
also used to denote a single phase of the overall process, e.g. "the
loading operation in the coal cleaning process."
2-1
-------
On the NEDS and EIS/P&R forms, each of these separate oper-
ations or processes is identified by an eight-digit code called
the Source Classification Code. The SCC's are given in a master
list, the AEROS Manual, Volume V, that is continually updated by
the EPAJ Any user/coder of the EPA data systems can propose
an addition to the SCC list for use in identifying some phase
of process operations not yet included in the master list.
Section 3.1.3 of the AEROS Manual, Volume II, provides guide-
?
lines for proposing new SCC's.
The SCC list is divided into two parts. Part I includes processes
common to many industries, such as boilers and solid waste disposal
facilities. Part II includes SCCs for specific industries. Part II is
arranged in order according to Standard Industrial Classification {SIC}.
PROCESS COMPENDIUMS
NEDS forms are prepared by a great many persons at diverse
r
levels of technical competence and experience. A coder may be
unfamiliar with the industrial or other process for which the
forms must be prepared. A major portion of this manual consists
of compendiums of information about specific processes. Each
compendium presents a brief process description with a process
flow diagram, lists the points in the process at which pollutants
are emitted, and describes the control measures usually applied
by process operators to reduce or eliminate emissions. Each
2-2
-------
process compendium gives specific guidance for coding of process
and emissions data on NEDS and EIS/P&R forms and shows examples
of forms with some of the entries precoded. The compendium also
provides a glossary of technical terms commonly used in the
process or industry and a list of references to pertinent techni-
cal literature.
Referring to a process compendium will aid the coder in
determining whether the permit form or other report submitted by
the process operator is complete. If it is not, he should con-
tact the responsible plant official to obtain all information
that is needed to provide a full description of the plant's
operations for coding of NEDS forms.
Omission of information from emissions reports can seriously
limit the effectiveness of the data systems. The following
example is presented to emphasize the importance of thorough
reporting and to illustrate how the coder can use a process
compendium to evaluate the information submitted by a process
operator. Figure 2-1 shows an emissions report as it was sub-
mitted to a local agency by a foundry operator (the name, of
course, is changed). The report form is in six sections, each
dealing with a different aspect of process operation. Relying on
this form as submitted, the coder could enter into the data
system information on only one point of emission at the foundry,
the cupola. A process flow diagram developed solely on this
basis would appear as shown in Figure 2-2.
2-3
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Date Report MAY *. Ml ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
AIR POLLUTANT EMISSIONS REPORT
SECTION I - GENERAL INFORMATION
roRM ^rrnovED
OMB MMBER 136 R7A
For Official Vi* Only.
Dilf K«lu*a«d.
LTM Grid Coordinates .
SIC So
Sou 'r* ID _
Fiant, ins*'tution, or citnbl.^htncnl name
Joi+*J "i)o<£ fboPVtiY Co,
riant, institution, or establishment address .
Person lo cont.ict reg.irJing tins report
M.nlint; address E Q ~P> /
Bo*. I
(bt/CTl oi Bui Sutolxr)
ft . K 0<=
CivCit->vftri
P/HCi
V-±Jioo
(CHJ)
Telephone
(Zip)
(It si c t^rt/hri
Omo
(Jj«t or l>os SuaLicr) car- ini
Land area at plant location*. _acres LdcIosc a sketch of lajout if tliere is more than one building
Plant location (j;i\c nearest cross st-eets, describe by landmarks or enclose a map. engineering drawing, or sketch)
U->p)
_fcet \>elov\ mean sea )c\el
A ~5T, V FlE-S'i
AOe.
D Air pollutants of the t\pe indicated in the instructions for the completion of this report, i e ,
are not emitted at tins plant, institution or establishment. Therefore, no other Sections of the report need be completed.
(Signed) (Title)
Please return all sections of this report to:.
Figure 2-1. Form submitted by an operator of a gray iron foundry-
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mt, n,n„t s,,b„„„d environmental protection agency
AIR POLLUTANT EMISSIONS REPORT
SECTION II - FUEL COMBUSTION FOR GENERATION OF IIEAT, STEAM, AND POWER
JD/f-M DcxT (^OO/JbZ y C.O.
Plant, institution, or establishment name
Normal opcrnting^cbedulc f<*r fuel u<=c Hours per (I iy *^**** D.n S per neck W rrl.* ppr \ y.ir %7Wnwr% per \car
Dales of annually occumng shutdowns of opt r-.tmns RST 7*U^O UJ£.£MS /c/Additional operating inform ition enclosed [j.
?ource ».*
Code
Number of
Combust on
Sources^*
(Uoilcrs)
?I70 Of
I'nit (Input)"
lCBTU/hr.
Type of I'nit d.«
Inst ill.ition
D.itec
l'cricnt Evress
Air I set) In
Combustion
(Design)«
Tower Output .
Megawatts «.l
Xl-a
/- Co Pol a
2 7o»j Cc*£Jhh,
US'J
s~6°° C-Frt
-
a List a "-cpjrate code number to represent c ich source (c p, , II-j, 1I-1>, 11-c, etc ), tben enter the same code number and the required data on the continuation of
this Sution on l'.ige 3, and in Sections V nnd VI.
b Multiple sources idiv be grouped if units are similar in size and type, burn the same fuel, or are vented to the same stack.
c N.imcplate data are .sufficient (give rated or maximum capacity, whicbe^r is greater).
d Iland-fircd. underfeed, o-xcrfeed, tra\elmg-grate or spreader stoker; cyclone furnace, pulverized, T\et or dry bottom with or without fij ash reinjectior., rotary or
gun t\pc oil burner, etc.
e. List separately future equipment and expected date of installation.
f. Power generation only.
Figure 2-1 (continued). Form submitted by an operator of a gray iron foundry.
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TW Report MAV 8,19 7j ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
AIR POLLUTANT EMISSIONS REPORT
SECTION III - COMBUSTIBLE SOLID AND LIQUID WASTES DISPOSAL
_l(?l+^ DoX>rtLc {If Jicposnl of solid .ind liquid v. l^Ics is partly or \\holh on site, complete remainder of this page and
Section* IV, V and VI, otherwise, ekip lo Section IV )
Normal on-site combustion operating «ihcdu1c Iluiirs per day Dnjs per \>eck Weeks per rinnrv, per \ear.
Seasonal .ind/or peak operation period (^ptcifj ) _
Hate* nf .iiimmll\ i>rcurrin[» Omldnw in; t>f r»ppr:il inn*. \drhtinna1 npprMirij* inform.itinn r.irlnv, rl ~
Source
Code«
Waste Material
Mitliod of Di^pocal'!
In'-L.jllntion
Date
llourh Burning
Kate. ll>s
Auxiliary Fuel
Utctl*
Percent E\cc.s
\ir l>d hi Com-
bust ion (Design)
Future Disposal'
Tj pc<>
Amount
l'er
Ycjr«
Percent
Combust-
ible
A \ criige
Maximum
.
a List a vejMr.ite code number to reprice nt i.uh source (t g , Ill-a, 111-b, III-c. etc), then enter required data on this page and for the same code number sources
in Section \ jud VI.
b Rubbivb, parbiszc, mixed g.irba^c arid rubbish, v.aMc piper, wood chips or sawdust, etc.
c. Tons, pounds, or g.iUous/\car
d. Open burning dump, incinerator, single chamber, etc (See instructions for example* and use appropriate identiScation numbers; other non-listed methods, specify.)
c Indicate thither auxiliary fuel is used in incinerators and pit burning, and the amount.
f Estimated increase or decrease in coiuhushble solid and liquid wastes disposal rate for the five jears after the calendar >ear for *lncb this report is completed.
If increase is due to new equipment, please list this equipment separately.
Figure 2—1 (continued). Form submitted by an operator of a gray iron foundry.
-------
na,c Report MM B.mj ENVIRONMENTAL PRO'l ^CTION AGENCY
AIR POLLUTANT EMISSIONS REPORT
SECTION IV - PROCESS, OPERATIONS EMISSIONS
r<»RM \?vnovri>
OMU N'T. MBLR IS6 RH
\IR POLLUTANT EMISSIONS REPORT
Plant. institution, or eMabliOimcnt n.inie*.
Jc>fM ~Qoff pDO/O&fl.r' Co
Normal openting M'liedulc 3 . f TTnnr- per day -f O per «eek_ MrcLs per\c.ir 87^ H..nr* per \e.ir.
Seasonal .ind/or pe ik operation period Ato*)?
D.iIcf cf amirilh urci.rriiig Omtdon n» of o|icntn>ns F'r?ST ~T~uJd oF Aililitinn.j) ppirilin:: ni'orjiitimi rm li^ed Q
to
I
-J
cn.irre
C op< r*»l»
I'roilnrl^c »f IVon'^'Li ot OpT I'miis
I nl rn ml lent
0 j 11 r.itiun
Onl>-
\m r ice
Ilours^ weekb
puliirr. In-
cit i«c or
Di nc 15c in
Process
lt.ite
T\ pe
Qu.intilj
T\ pe
V\ cr.i»c'
Qu.intiU
\niiti.il
Ai cr.ixei
llnurh Proiess P.'ilt, lbs
Hourly Troce" Ilalp, '.In;
L)cm<;ii
M.j\nuijin
Design
M:iv:7nuin
iVc
CuPOL*
/95 V
SS
/QOOO
Jo 770
fJo*s£~
PiA*J*J£D
IV a
CUPOLA
/UV
P,(-
o
S 70
boo
CUPOL./V
J9sY
Cof.
Isu? y~j
3Y30
36°°
//*
Q.UPOLfi
l9si
l/fltiT*
9
¦ 37S +CWS
55-7
9°o
j Li«.t a *< p r.lr ciue m.nmtr to rti>rc«;<.nI i^eh *ourcc (o p , lV-.». IV-b, IV-c, etc ) then cnlrr required data on this page md for tlie catnc code number sources
ij. N < I ujn^ \ and \ I
b IN J iilt • ] >Ic nn\ be uroi pod it Minilir in and l>pc
c Sulfuric icuI-cmi1 ict, aluminum smrltins-< ruc.b'c furn.ire, reimut nnnufactunnji-drx process, etc (See instruction for example? and u*e appropriate identifica-
tion Piimlirrs other non-l'skd processes .nul opLriliont, spcr»f\.)
d Tlic jiollut jrl« to Ik1 co\ciearl) emissions raa\ be olilamtd
j Estimated percent increase or decrease hi process rate on a total plant basis for the 6\e \ears after the calendar jear for nluch this report is completed If in-
crease is due to new equipment, please list this equipment separately.
Figure 2-1 (continued). Form submitted by an operator of a gray iron foundry.
-------
_ , , . HaV $ M71/ ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY form Arrno\ED
Date ISeport bubmitled J I / ' • f * - omb m \iacn vs&-im
AIR POLLUTANT EMISSIONS REPORT
SECTION V - AIR CLEANING EQUIPMENT
m . . n i . hoe: R>Jut>a.Y Co
Plant, institution, or establishment n.-iroe I
Source
Codes
7\ fie of \tr
Cleaning Lquipmontfe <¦
Jii-i tlion
Date*
lit'l IK»\ edr d
UtTii ira j •
InUt Gas
Temperature,
op
Inlcl C.»s
I i'»u H itc,i
CJ\M
K\it Gas
l'rcsvure,
rsi
Dcupn
I'crcent
Oper.it nig
1'trccnt
V'-o,
Veurnsl
Oct. mi
ffiArtc uiAT*-
J3.00' p
S~3, &*>o c Fti
1
-
a I.Kl code runul>crs tiirce^jio'idnig io t.icb eioitsion"; source reported in Sections II, III, and IV.
Ii Wet <* rubber, cl> ct rost j!ic precipitator, filjnc filter, etc (See instructions for examples and use appropriate identification numbers, oilier non-luted type, specify.)
c. Tkasc list future <(|»ipnicnt scp.iralcly.
d Thr pollutants to be coicred m this survey arc specified in the nccornpanj ing instructions,
e Gi\e efficiency in terms of pollutant remoi ed.
I. At actual Bon condition*
Figure 2-1 (continued) . Form submitted by an operator of a gray iron foundry.
-------
Date Report Submitted ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY R„
AIR POLLUTANT EMISSIONS REPORT
SECTION VI - STACK AND POLLUTANT EMISSIONS DATA
Plant, institution, or establishment name >jQ/f"Q *1^£>6" fou A-) fc>£ C.Q
STACK D VTA
ESTIMATE Or rOLLL'TVNT EMISSION'S.
Source
Code»
Height
Uio\c
Grade
ft
Inside
Di under
at Top,
ft.
l\il Gas
Vclncit} ,!¦
ft /sec
12\it Gjs
Tenipcr.iturc.b
°F
K\it G.is TIow
Kale. ( 1"M«
Pollutants
Quantity
Tons Per Year
I.bs IV: Hour
Ail-rage
Maximum
An c rage
Maximum
V'T-a
}0O
S.o
//litncuiATr
SulF"£ P">iLiC>S
]}f0A.DC\RBofiJ5
a List code numbers corresponding to each cmnjioni source reported in Sections II, III, and IV.
b V.ilues «lioiild b<_ representative of avrr.ipe flo« conditions for hours of opir.ition
c. At actual flow conditions
d Tlic pollutants to be co\crcd in this survcj are specified in the accompanying instructions.
e Give slack test data if available (indicate stack sampling method used), otherwise, specify basis used If unknown, please do not complete these columns.
Figure 1-1 (continued). Form submitted by an operator of a gray iron foundry.
-------
9.6 lb/h PARTICULATE
H20 1740 lb/h CO
Cb—^
VENTURI
SCRUBBER
11.5 tons/h PRODUCT
tzp—
Figure 2-2. Process flow/emissions diagram developed
from information reported in Figure 2-1.
Because the report submitted by the foundry gives no infor-
mation on quantities of emissions, the values shown on the pro-
cess flow diagram are calculated from the reported process rate
by the use of an emission factor and an assumed value for effi-
ciency of the venturi scrubber. Consulting the process compendium
for a gray iron foundry, the coder will find that it describes
emissions from the cupola and other operations such as the core
oven, pouring, shakeout, grinding, and combustion of in-process
fuel. The compendium presents a much more detailed process flow
diagram of typical foundry operations, as shown in Figure 2-3.
With this understanding of typical foundry operations and their
points of emission, the coder can contact the foundry operators
regarding their emissions report and request the specific informa-
tion needed to complete it.
2-10
12 tons/h METAL
CHANGED
-------
H20 PART.,CO
r—cb *
METAL-
PART. (FUMES)
GASES
PART.
PART
CASTING TO
¦ SHIPPING
CASTING
SHAKEOUT
CASTING
GRINDING
SAND
o
PART
PART.
SAND
PREPARATION
a.
MOLD
SET CORES
IN HOLDS
MOLDER
PREPARED
SAND
LT)
CORE SAND & BINDER
PART., HC,
PRODUCTS OF
COMBUSTION
MIXER
FUEL
CORES
CORE
OVEN
CORE
MAKER
Figure 2-3. Operations in a typical foundry.
-------
UPDATING AND EXPANDING THE MANUAL
Preparation of process compendiums is a continuing process, and it
is expected that additional compendiums will be issued periodically in
sets. In addition, there will be need for updating of certain process
descriptions as new process and control technologies are introduced.
All volumes of this manual are presented in loose-leaf binders to facil-
itate the insertion of current materials as they are issued. Any com-
ments or suggestions regarding this manual should be directed to:
NEDS Project Manager
Requests & Information Section
National Air Data Branch (MD-14)
U.S. EPA
Research Triangle Park, N.C. 27711.
Phone: 919-541-5395 (FTS 629-5395).
2-12
-------
REFERENCES
1. AEROS Manual Series Volume V: AEROS Maraal of Codes. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park,
North Carolina. Publication No. EPA-450/2-76-005. April
1976.
2. AEROS Manual Series Volume II: AEROS User's Manual. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park,
North Carolina. Publication No. EPA-450/2-76-029. December
2, 1976.
2-13
-------
SECTION 3
CODING INSTRUCTIONS
The coding instructions presented here supplement those in the Guide for
Compiling a Comprehensive Emission Inventory, (APTD-1135), in AEROS Volume
II, and in the EIS/P&R guide. These instructions present practical so-
lutions to many of the coitmon problems encountered in preparing input
data on industrial processes.
In coding of NEDS or EIS/P&R forms, the following references should
be readily available:
* Guide for Compiling a Comprehensive Emission Inventory,
APTD-1135, March 1973.
* AEROS Manual Series, Volume II, EPA-450/2-76-029, December 1976,
(plus updates).
* AEROS Manual Series, Volume V, EPA-450/2-76-005, April 1976.
{plus updates)
* Comprehensive Data Handling System (CDHS), Emissions Inventory
Subsystem Program Documentation and Users Guide, EPA-450/3-74-045.a,
February 1975.
* Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors, AP-42, Third
Edition, August 1977. (plus supplements).
* Standard Industrial Classification Manual, 1972.
U.S. Gov't Printing Office Stock No. 4101-0066.
B USGS Topographic Quadrangle Maps, 7.5' series with UTM
grid tick markings. (If 7.5' series is not available,
15' series may be used.)
M
-------
DEFINITION OF A POINT SOURCE
A production, commercial, or storage facility may discharge pol-
lutants to the atmosphere through stacks or vents or from unconfined
areas. When emissions of criteria pollutants from a facility are
significant, the facility is referred to as a point source. EPA
regulations, as set forth in the Federal Register (Vol. 44, No. 92,
May 10, 1979) prescribe that States shall report to EPA in NEDS format-
on all facilities annually emitting more that 90.7 metric tons (100 tons)
of particulates, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, or hydrocarbons or
more than 907 metric tons (1000 tons) of carbon monoxide. Point sources
may also include sources, regardless of emissions, that are included in
a comprehensive permit or registration system already maintained by an
agency.
Emissions and process data for a point source are coded on one or
more NEDS forms. In the following discussion, the words facility,
plant, establishment, and point source are used synonymously.
CODING NEDS FORMS
All operations at the plant should be depicted in a process
flow diagram. An example of such a flow diagram is given in
Figure 3-1. The facility reporting the data usually can provide
a flow diagram. If an adequate diagram is not available, the
coder should first become fami 1 iar w.ith the general process, then
develop a diagram based on the information furnished in the
3-2
-------
LEGEND:
COAL
HANDLING
- EMISSION POINT
- FUGITIVE EMISSIONS
PULVERIZER
MIXING
BIN
LARRY i
CAR !
2H ton/h
OVENS
COKE
UNLOADING
QUENCH
150 ton/h
Figure 3-1. Typical process flow diagram.
-------
plant's report. The diagram helps in identifying the operations,
discharge points or stacks, and control devices. For ready refer-
ence, a diagram may be drawn on the back of one of the NEDS
forms. Where a large plant has many points of pollutant dis-
charge, several diagrams depicting different portions of the
process flow may be convenient.
The NEDS form identifies an activity at a point source and
presents process data, emissions data, and stack data pertaining
to that activity. The activity is referred to as an emission
point or source. An emission point does not necessarily repre-
sent a single process vessel or operation and the stack associ-
ated with it. Depending on the magnitude of emissions and the
arrangement of process vessels or operations, an emission point
may represent an operation, a group of operations, or even a part
of an operation. For example, a power plant with one large
boiler and two relatively small boilers may be coded on two NEDS
forms: one representing the large boiler and the other repre-
senting the two smaller boilers.
Sometimes an emission point that may be one of several
emission points at the point source is also loosely referred to
as a point source. In this discussion, however, the term "point
source" refers exclusively to a facility.
Definition of Coding Terms
As with any computerized system, inputs for the NEDS system
must be prepared in a specified format. The NEDS Point Source
form, shown in Figure 3-2, is used to prepare inputs for the
system. 3_4
-------
u>
U1
ALL CARDS
CARD TWO
ML
I.«.! zzz 1
firiiii«|»it »l.|i{ii|»[uT.)
11111111 ' '
CARD ONE
CARD THREE
CARD FOUR
CARD FIVE
CARD SIX
CARD SEVEN
lid ill
BATIORAI EMISSIONS OATA SYSTEM (RIDS)
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
OFFICE OF JIR PROGRAMS
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ACTION
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Figure 3-2. NEDS form depicting identification, control action,
and data fields.
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Figure 3-3. A typical computer card.
-------
Two key terms used frequently in coding instructions are
"card" and "field." These are defined as follows:
Card - See Figure 3-3. A computer card is punched on a key-
punch machine to prepare inputs that a computer can "read."
The card has columns numbered 1 through 80. When a card is
keypunched, each of these columns represents a character -
alphabetical, numerical, mathematical, or other - or it may
be left blank. Only specified characters can be used.
Typically, cards are prepared from forp-s designed to fill in
80 characters in 80 boxes arranged in a horizontal line.
This line is referred to as a card, and the boxes are
referred to as columns.
Field - A field is a column or a group of columns designated
to represent a particular parameter. The parameter the
field represents is labeled on the NEDS form; there are some
blank fields also. No entries are to be made in columns
that have no data parameter description on the form.
In some fields, only numeric entries are allowed. Numeric
entries may be integers or numbers with a decimal point. Where
numbers with a decimal point are used, the decimal point is
indicated by a preprinted triangle in the field (see Figure 2-1).
When filling in such a field, the entry is positioned on the
field so that the decimal point falls on the triangle. The
columns right of the decimal point must be filled out completely.
For example, numbers 352, 352.8, 352.8729 and 0.5 should be
entered as shown in Figure 3-4.
Hourly
fi/aximunn Design
Rate
33
3<
35
3S
3/
38
39
3
5
2
L°
0
0
3
5
2
8
0
0
3
5
2
8
7
3
0
5
0
0
Figure 3-4. Integar and decimal entries in a
field with preprinted decimal point.
3-7
-------
Integer entries must be right-justified, i.e. the entry is
positioned flush with the right end of the field. An example is
shown in Figure 3-5
so2
25
26
27
28
29
30
3!
3
5
2
Figure 3-5. Entry in an integar f:ald.
Aeros Vol. II gives detailed coding instructions. The following
is a brief description of the NEDS form, included here to pre-
pare the coder for a more detailed discussion of items not fully
covered in AEPOS Vol.11 or other references.
The NEDS form includes seven rows of information, labeled 1
through 7 on the right side of the form. Rows 1 through 5
consist of information for a single computer card; Rows 6 and 7
provide data for five and four cards, respectively. Each row
has several information fields consisting of one or more columns.
Note that Columns 1 through 13 are common for all the cards on
the form. Since the fields on each card in Rows 6 and 7 are
identical, the terms "rows" and "cards" are used interchange-
ably; for example, Row 7 may be referred to as Card 7.
The information fields on the coding form are of three
categories: identifying fields, input action code fields, and
data fields. Figure 3-2 depicts these categories. The identi-
fying fields designate the plant, geographical location, date of
record, emission point, and process and indicate whether the
emission point discharges through a common stack (shared with
3-8
-------
other emission points). Columns used for the identification
fields are listed below. None of these columns may be left
blank. Thus, the plant ID's are 0001, 0002, and so on.
Card No. Columns (inclusive)
No blanks allowed
1 1 to 13 + 14 _o 21
2 1 to 13 + 14 to 17 + 56 to 59
3 1 to 13 + 14 to 17
4 1 to 13 + 14 to 17
5 1 to 13 + 14 to 17
6 1 to 13 + 14 to 17 + 18 to 25
1 1 to 13 + 14 to 17 + 18 to 25
There is one exception to the specification of no blanks in
the identifying fields: the City Code on Card 1, Columns 14-17.
If the point source is outside the city limits, or if the city
is not listed in SAROAD Station Coding Table, AEROS Manual
Volume V, leave Columns 14-17 blank.
Each card has one input action field, Column 78. Columns
79 and 80 are prefilled on the form. Depending on whether in-
formation is added to the system, or information already in the
system is changed or deleted, A, C, or D is entered in Column
78. No blanks are allowed in these columns.
Fields having no labels must be left blank. The remaining
fields are data fields. Some data fields are code fields, i.e.
there are prescribed codes for these fields and only a prescribed
code may be used; codes are found in AEROS, Volume V. For
example, the Source field (Card 6, Column 71) indicates whether
the activity unit is a boiler, incinerator, other combustion
3-9
-------
unit, or other process. Specific supplemental procedures for
some fields are described below.
Card 1
Only one Card 1 needs to be filled out for a plant (point
source). Columns 1 through 13 are common to all cards on the
NEDS form; they identify the plant and must be filled out on all
forms.
State, county and AQCR codes must be obtained from AEROS Volume
A selected number of independent cities may be treated as county equi
alents for coding purposes. These are identified in AEROS Volume V,
Section 2.6.
Card 2
Emission points in a plant are numbered sequentially 01, 02,
and so on. Stack data for each point are reported on Card 2.
Any operation emitting 5 tons or more per year of any of
the criteria pollutants should be reported on a separate coding
form. Operations emitting less than 5 tons of any criteria pol-
lutant may be grouped into one effective source and reported on one
coding form. Within a facility, an operation that emits less than
1 ton per year of any pollutant and that cannot be combined with
like small sources normally is not reported on a coding
form. Guidelines for combining sources are presented in the AEROS
Manual, Volume II. The determination of whether to group or not
to group operations requires exercise of judgement. When the
3-10
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combined operations do not discharge through a common stack, data
for a representative stack can be determined by use of the
formula in the AEROS Manual, Volume II.
Card 3
In estimation of control efficiencies, engineering knowledge
of control systems performance will indicate whether a given
control device significantly reduces the emissions of more than
one pollutant. For example, a power plant boiler may be equipped
with two control devices: an electrostatic precipitator to
remove particulates and a packed-bed scrubber, following the
precipitator, to remove sulfur dioxide. Although the scrubber
does remove some particulates, its efficiency in this removal is
essentially zero.
If is the fractional efficiency of the primary control
device and E2 the efficiency of the secondary device in series,
the combined fractional efficiency, E, of these two devices can
be calculated as follows:
E = 1 - (1 - Ej_) (1 - E2)
Card 4
The emission factor represents an average rate of emissions
of a pollutant as a result of an activity. For example, when
several similar pulverized-coal-fired boilers are tested for
particulate emissions, an average rate of emission for this type
of boiler can be calculated. Although emissions factors have
been developed for many processes (sources), many other emission
factors are still being developed. Where factors are not pro-
3-11
-------
vided, emission rates may be estimated by use of emission factors
for similar processes. For example, emissions from a natural-
gas-fired space heater may be calculated from the emission
factors given for a small natural-gas-fired boiler. The estima-
tion code in such cases is 4.
Card 5
In calculation of allowable emissions, the applicable
regulations must be followed carefully. Many state regulations
pertaining to fuel firing are based on the total heat input at an
installation. In such a case, allowable emissions per unit heat
input for a power plant having four boilers, each rated at 250
million Btu/hr, will be calculated on the basis of 1000 million
Btu/hr as the heat input and not 250 million Btu/hr. Similarly,
regulations pertaining to some noncombustion processes may be
based on the total capacity of similar process units at the plant
and not on the capacity of individual units.
Some regulations may be based on a specific condition of
exhaust gases. For example, carbon monoxide regulations may be
based on 12 percent carbon dioxide in the exhaust gases. Allow-
able emissions under such regulations should be calculated care-
fully.
Card 6
Columns 1 through 13 identify the plant; columns 14 and 15
on Cards 2 to 7 identify the emission point; and columns 18
through 25 on Card 6 (and 7), the SCC field, identify the
process. A NEDS form reports data for only one emission point,
3-12
-------
and one or more SCC's may be required to describe the emission
point. More information on SCC's is given in Section 4.
A maximum of 10 SCC's may be recorded for any emission point.
All of these must be unique; that is duplication of the same SCC
for a specific emission point is not allowed. Since only 5 card
6's are printed on a NEDS form, if more than 5 card 6's are
required use an additional NEDS form with the same plant and
point identifiers. Cross out cards 1-5 on the form if neces-
sary, to clearly indicate that only card 6's are to be key-
punched.
By convention, SCCs representing inprocess fuel use (390-SCCs)
have no emissions associated with them. These SCCs can be used only
with another associated process SCC at the same emission point.
The operating rate and maximum design rate fields require
careful attention. The maximum rate indicates the capacity for
which the equipment is designed or the maximum rate at which the
equipment may be operated. In normal operation, the equipment
may function at, say, 60 percent of the maximum capacity. Where
accurate data on normal hourly operating rate and normal opera-
ting schedule are available, the annual operating rate may be
estimated.
Data on average heat content of the fuel are sometimes used
when specific values are not available. The following are typi-
cal values for gaseous and liquid fuels:
Fuel
Heat value
Natural gas
Coke-oven gas
1000 Btu/ft
550 Btu/ft
3
3-13
-------
Fuel (continued)
Distillate oil
Residual oil
Heat value (continued)
140 x 106/Btu/1000 gal
150 x 106/Btu/1000 gal
Card 7
When comments are being written for a particular process,
(SCC), the SCC field must be filled out. An SCC code can be used
only once. 12 additional space is required, one additional Card
7 without SCC may be used for the emission point.
CODING EIS/P&R FORMS
Coding of EIS/P&R forms is very similar to coding of NEDS
forms. Detailed coding instructions are provided in the Com-
prehensive Data Handling System, Users Guide (Reference 4).
The EIS/P&R form contains more fields than the NEDS form.
Two of the additional fields are those for the Basic Equipment
Code (BEC) and the Pollutant ID. The BEC's are listed in the Air
Pollution Manual of Coding, PHS No. 1756 (Reference 6).
Pollutant codes for the five criteria pollutants are:
11101 - Particulate
42401 - Sulfur oxides
42602 - Nitrogen oxides
43101 - Hydrocarbons
42101 - Carbon monoxide
These are the only codes that identify the five criteria pollu-
tants in NEDS. When an agency wishes to use other pollutant
codes in EIS/P&R, these must be used in addition to, rather than
in place of, the ones listed above.
3-14
-------
REFERENCES
1. AEROS Manual Series Volume II: AEROS User's Manual. U.S.
Environment^ Protection Agency, Research TrianHe Park,
North Carolina. Publication No. EP/^-450/2-76-029.
December 2, 1976.
2. AEROS Manual Series Volume V: AEROS Manual of Codes. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park,
North Carolina. Publication No. EPA-450/2-76-005. April
1976.
3. Comprehensive Data Handling System (CDHS), Emissions Inven-
tory Subsystem User's Guide. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
EPA-450/3-74-045-a. February 1975.
4. Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors, Third Edition,
Includes Supplements 1-7. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Publication No. AP-42.
August 1977.
5. Standard Industrial Classification Manual, 1972. U.S.
Office of Management and Budget, Office of Statistical
Standards. Washington, D.C. 1972.
6. Air Pollution Manual of Coding. U.S. Dept. of Health,
Education, and Welfare. PHS Publication No. 1756. 1968.
3-15
-------
SECTION 4
ORGANIZATION OF THE SCC LIST
A brief description of the organizatioi of SCC codes is pre-
sented here. The SCC is divided into four levels of identifica-
tion: Levels I, II, III, and IV, consisting of one, two, three,
and two digits, respectively. Level I identifies the category
of the process as follows:
Code No. Process Category
1 - External combustion sources - identifying differ-
ent types of boilers and space heaters.
2 - Internal combustion sources - identifying turbines
and reciprocating engines.
3 - Industrial processes - all processes other than
evaporation sources and combustion sources for
generation of steam and power or disposal of
solid waste.
4 - Evaporation sources - including surface coating
operations, petroleum storage and marketing
facilities, and printing presses.
5 - Solid waste disposal by incineration of wastes.
6 - Miscellaneous - at this time, only nonemitting
Federal sources are grouped in this classifica-
tion .
The second level of identification signifies the major
industry group. Industrial processes are subdivided into chemi-
cal manufacturing, food/agricultural, primary metals, and so on.
The third level, depending on the process category and the
4-1
-------
industry group, indicates the major product, raw material, fuel, or
equipment, The fourth level of classification identifies different
operations at the point source. As an example, the classification of
the SCC for a gray iron cupola is as follows:
LEVELS
J
II
04
1
INDUSTRIAL PROCESS
SECONDARY METALS
III
003
J
IV
01
CUPOLA
GRAY IRON
The SCC listing as given in AEROS Volume V, Section 3.7 is divided
into two parts. Part I includes SCC's common to a wide variety of
industrial activities (except for electric utility boilers, SIC 4911, and
municipal refuse disposal, SIC 4953, which relate to specific SIC cate-
gories). Part I covers all processes related to fuel combustion, solid
J
waste disposal, and general use of organic solvents in degreasing and
surface coating operations. Part II identified SCC's relating to specific
industrial processes. Part II is arranged in order according to SIC.
The major group is indicated at the top of each page. Specific SIC's and
SCC's are indicated in order by SIC. In some cases, an SCC or set of
SCC's may be commonly associated with more than one SIC. In these cases,
multiple SIC codes are indicated with the source category name.
The SIC Manual includes alphabetic indexes of manufacturing and non-
manufacturing industries. These indexes may be used as auxilliary guides
in identifying proper SIC, and then in locating appropriate SCCs in the SCC
4-2
-------
listing. In cases where a process occurs in a number of industries with
different SICs, the SCCs appear in the listing under the SIC which most
commonly or most properly includes the process. Processes which occur both
in manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries as defined in the SIC
Manual, are generally included in the SCC listing under the appropriate
manufacturing industry SIC (SICs 20-39),
When the term "General" appears for an SCC process description, this
implies definition of a specific process in overall terms, that is without
regard to individual stack or other sources of emissions that may exist
within the process. Such SCC's provide identification of processes as a
simplified "black box" rather than a complex assortment of related emissions
sources. Normally, general SCC's are replaced by more specific SCC's when
more detailed information about the process is known. Accurate representation
of control equipment that may be applicable to only part of a process is
difficult if a general SCC is specified. General and specific SCC's should
not be used together to represent the same process, since this may cause
emissions to be duplicately calculated.
The term "Other/Not Classified" for an SCC process description implies
that this code should be used to represent process activities that may exist,
but for which no specific SCC's have been defined. Normally, other/not
classified SCC's end with -99. A comment, using either NEDS card 6 or card 7
SCC comment cards, should be specified to identify the process activity.
Only other/not classified SCC's that appear in the listing should be used.
Specification of improper other/not classified SCC's will cause data to be
rejected in the NEDS edit process.
4-^3
-------
Each SCC defines specific units for NEDS annual operating rate and
hourly maximum design rate fields. Data entered in these fields must be
in the defined SCC units.
Each SCC also includes a set of emission factors. Where flags 'S1 or
'A' indicating fuel sulfur or ash content are specified, the appropriate
sulfur or ash value from source data is accesse 1 as part of the emission
factor, i.e. "17A"indicates 17 times ash content is used as the emission
factor. The units of the emission factors are all expressed in pounds per
unit of process activity as defined by the SCC. In NEDS, the emission
factors will be accessed by the emission calculation program to calculate
emissions whenever the emissions estimation method code is 3 or blank.
Other estimation method codes cause emissions estimates supplied by the
user to be used in place of computer calculated emissions or cause emis-
sions to be calculated as zero. An emission factor value of zero implies
no emissions and emissions will always be calculated as zero regardless
of what emission estimation method code is indicated. An emission factor
value of blank implies that emissions are unknown. If an estimation
method of 3 or blank is indicated, and the emission factor is blank, emis-
sions will be calculated as 'ero.
4-4
-------
TECHNICAL REPORT DATA
(Please read Instructions on the reverse before completing)
REPORT NO 2
-IPA-450/4-80-007
3 RECIPIENT'S ACCESSIO!*NO
¦. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
Engineering Reference Manual for Coding NEDS and
EIS/P&R Forms: Volume I
6 REPORT DATE
April 1980
6 PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE
7 AUTHOR(S)
National Air Data Branch
8 PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NO
9 PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Air Quality Planning & Standards
Monitoring and Data Analysis Division
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
10 PROGRAM ELEMENT NO
11 CONTRACT/GRANT NO
12 SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Air, Noise and Radiation
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
13 TYPE OF REPORT AND PERIOD COVERED
14 SPONSORING AGENCY CODE
15 SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
Associated Volumes II and III include compendia of process background information
and data coding procedures.
16 ABSTRACT ~—
This manual provides specific engineering guidance and background information
for the evaluation and reporting of source/emissions data in NEDS or EIS/P&R format.
The manual is designed to assist coders of NEDS and EIS/P&R data who may not be
familiar with a wide variety of industrial processes.
Volume I is an introduction to the compendiums of process information given in
other volumes. It summarizes the purpose and organization of the manual. It also
presents general coding instructions to supplement those given in other NEDS and
EIS/P&R technical references, and presents general guidance regarding the use of
NEDS Source Classification Codes (SCCs).
Volumes II and III include compendiums of process information for specific
industrial processes.
17 KEY WORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
a DESCRIPTORS
b identifiers/open ended terms
0 COSATI Held/Group
NEDS
CDHS
EIS/P&R
Point Sources
Air Pollutants
Emi ssions
Codinq Forms
DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT
Release Uril imi ted
19 SECURITY CLASS (This Report)
Unclassified
21 NO OF PAGES
20 SECURITY CLASS (This page)
Unclassi fied
22 PRICE
EPA Form 22J0-I (9-73)
-------
INSTRUCTIONS
1. REPORT NUMBER
Insert the EPA report number as it appears on the cover of the publication.
2. LEAVE BLANK
3. RECIPIENTS ACCESSION NUMBER
Reserved for use by each report recipient
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
Title should indicate clearly and briefly the subject coverage of the report, and be displayed prominently Set subtitle, if used, in smaller
type or otherwise subordinate it to main title When a report is prepared in more than one volume, repeat the primary title, add volume
number and include subtitle for the specific title
6. REPORT DATE
Each report shall carry a date indicating at least month and year. Indicate the basis on which it was selected (e g , date of issue, date of
approval, date of preparation, etc ).
6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE
Leave blank
7. AUTHOR(S)
Give name(s) in conventional order (John R Doe, J Robert Doe, etc ) List author's affiliation if it differs from the performing organi-
zation
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER
Insert if performing organization wishes to assign this number
9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS
Give name, street, city, state, and ZIP code. List no more than two levels of an organizational hirearchy.
10. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER
Use the program element number under which the report was prepared. Subordinate numbers may be included in parentheses.
11. CONTRACT/GRANT NUMBER
Insert contract or grant number under which report was prepared.
12. SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS
Include ZIP code.
13. TYPE OF REPORT AND PERIOD COVERED
Indicate interim final, etc , and if applicable, dates covered.
14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE
Leave blank
15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
Enter information not included elsewhere but useful, such as Prepared in cooperation with, Translation of, Presented at conference of,
To be published m, Supersedes, Supplements, etc
IB. ABSTRACT
Include a brief (200 words or less) factual summary of the most significant information contained in the report. If the report contains a
significant bibliography or literature survey, mention it here
17. KEY WORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
(a) DESCRIPTORS - Select from the Thesaurus of Engineering and Scientific Terms the proper authorized terms that identify the major
concept of the research and are sufficiently specific and precise to be used as index entries for cataloging.
(b) IDENTIFIERS AND OPEN-ENDED TERMS - Use identifiers for project names, code names, equipment designators, etc Use open-
ended terms written in descriptor form for those subjects for which no descriptor exists
(c) COSATI FIELD GROUP - Field and group assignments are to be taken from the 1965 COSATI Subject Category List Since the ma-
jority of documents are multidisciplinary in nature, the Primary Field/Group assignment(s) will be specific discipline, area of human
endeavor, or type of physical object The application(s) will be cross-referenced with secondary Field/Group assignments that will follow
the primary posting(s)
18. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT
Denote releasabihty to the public or limitation for reasons other than security for example "Release Unlimited." Cite any availability to
the public, with address and price.
19. &20. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION
DO NOT submit classified reports to the National Technical Information service
21. NUMBER OF PAGES
Insert the total number of pages, including this one and unnumbered pages, but exclude distribution list, if any.
22. PRICE
Insert the price set by the National Technical Information Service or the Government Printing Office, if known
EPA Form 2220-1 (9-73) (Reverw)
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