United States Office of Mobile Source Air Pollution Control EPA 460/3-89-003
Environmental Protection Emission Control Technology Division September 1989
Agency 2565 Plymouth Road
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105
Air
<>EPA Simulation of High Altitude
Effects on Heavy-Duty Diesel
Emissions
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EPA 460/3-89-003
Simulation of High Altitude Effects on
Heavy-Duty Diesel Emissions
by
David M. Human
Terry L. Ullman
Southwest Research Institute
6220 Culebra Road
San Antonio, Texas 78228-0510
Contract No. 68-03-4044
Work Assignment 1-8
EPA Project Officer: Craig A. Harvey
Technical Project Monitor: Thomas M. Baines
Prepared for
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Office of Mobile Source Air Pollution Control
Emission Control Technology Division
2565 Plymouth Road
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105
September 1989
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This report is issued by the Environmental Protection Agency to report technical data of interest to a
limited number of readers. Copies are available free of charge to Federal employees, current
contractors and grantees, and nonprofit organizations - in limited quantities - from the Library Services
Office, Environmental Protection Agency, 2565 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105.
This report was furnished to the Environmental Protection Agency by Southwest Research Institute,
6220 Culebra Road, P.O. Drawer 28510, San Antonio, Texas, in fulfillment of Woik Assignment 1-
8 of Contract No. 68-03-4044. The contents of this report are reproduced herein as received from
Southwest Research Institute. The opinions, findings, and conclusions expressed are those of the author
and not necessarily those of the Environmental Protection Agency. Mention of company or product
names is not to be considered as an endorsement by the Environmental Protection Agency.
Publication No. 460/3-89-003
ii
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FOREWORD
The project on which this report is based was initiated by Work Assignment No. 1-8 of EPA
Contract 68-03-4044, received by SwRI on October 31, 1988. The contract was for "Fuels and
Emissions Characterization." Work Assignment No. 1-8 of that contract was specifically for
"Simulation of High Altitude Effects on Heavy-Duty Diesel Emissions (continuation)." The work was
identified within SwRI as Project No. 08-1567-008.
The Project Officer and the Technical Project Monitor for EPA during the Work Assignment
were Mr. Craig A. Harvey and Mr. Thomas M. Baines, respectively. SwRI Project Director was Mr.
Charles T. Hare, and SwRI Project Manager was Mr. Terry L. Ullman. The SwRI Task Leader and
principal investigator for Woik Assignment No. 1-8 was Mr. David M. Human. Technical supervisor
was Mr. Ernest M. Krueger. Mr. Ullman was responsible for implementing the design of the High
Altitude Simulation CVS concept initiated by EPA, and Mr. James R. Boylan was responsible for the
fabrication of the unit and contributions to its design.
tti
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ABSTRACT
Exhaust emissions from heavy-duty diesel engines operating at high altitude are of concern.
EPA and Colorado Department of Health sponsored this project to characterize regulated and selected
unregulated emissions from a naturally-aspirated Caterpillar 3208 and a turbocharged Cummins NTC-
350 diesel engine at both "low" and simulated "high" altitude conditions (=6000 ft). Emissions testing
was performed over cold- and hot-start transient cycles as well as selected steady-state modes.
Additionally, the turbocharged engine was operated with mechanically variable and fixed retarded fuel
injection timing to represent "normal" and "malfunction" conditions, respectively.
High altitude operation generally reduced NOx emissions approximately 10 percent for both
engines. Average composite transient emissions of HC, CO, particulate matter, and aldehydes measured
at high altitude for the naturally-aspirated engine were 2 to 4 times the levels noted for low altitude
conditions. The same emission constituents from the turbocharged engine at high altitude with
"normal" timing were 1.2 to 2 times the low altitude levels, but were 2 to 4 times the low altitude
levels with "malfunction" timing.
iv
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
FOREWORD iii
ABSTRACT iv
LIST OF FIGURES vi
LIST OF TABLES vii
I. INTRODUCTION 1
II. SUMMARY 2
III. TEST PLAN AND DESCRIPTION OF CVS, ENGINES, 5
AND PROCEDURES
A. Test Plan 5
B. High Altitude Simulation CVS 5
C. Description of Engines 7
D. Test Procedures 11
E. Quality Assurance 15
IV. RESULTS 17
A. Emission Results from the Caterpillar 3208 17
B. Emission Results from the Cummins NTC-350 24
REFERENCES 33
APPENDICES
A. SEGMENT BY SEGMENT TRANSIENT AND STEADY-
STATE REGULATED EMISSION RESULTS FROM
CATERPILLAR 3208
B. TRANSIENT AND STEADY-STATE ALDEHYDE
RESULTS FROM CATERPILLAR 3208
C. SEGMENT BY SEGMENT TRANSIENT AND STEADY-
STATE REGULATED EMISSION RESULTS FROM
CUMMINS NTC-350
D. TRANSIENT AND STEADY-STATE ALDEHYDE
RESULTS FROM CUMMINS NTC-350
v
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure Page
1 High Altitude Simulation CVS with Control Cart 6
2 Side View of High Altitude CVS Showing Heated 6
Sample Probe for Gaseous Emissions and 90 mm
Double Dilution Particulate Collection System
3 Caterpillar 3208 in Transient Test Cell with 10
Intake and Exhaust Systems Connected to High
Altitude Simulation CVS
4 Cummins NTC-350 in Transient Test Cell with 10
Intake and Exhaust Systems Connected to High
Altitude Simulation CVS
5 Example of Torque and Speed Commands for a 13
250 HP Diesel EPA Transient Cycle
6 Torque Map - Caterpillar 3208 18
7 Torque Map - Cummins NTC-350 25
VI
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1
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3
4
5
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7
8
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12
13
14
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17
Page
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4
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9
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32
LIST OF TABLES
Average Composite Transient Emission Results
From High Altitude Simulation on Caterpillar 3208
Average Composite Transient Emission Results From
High Altitude Simulation on Cummins NTC-350 with
Fixed Retarded Timing (Malfunction)
Reference Information for Caterpillar 3208
Reference Information for Cummins NTC-350
Diesel Emissions Fuel Specifications Quality Assurance
Completeness of Emission Measurements
Cold-Start Transient Emission Results from High
Altitude Simulation on Caterpillar 3208
Hot-Start Transient Emission Results from High
Altitude Simulation on Caterpillar 3208
Composite Transient Emission Results from High
Altitude Simulation on Caterpillar 3208
Smoke Results from High Altitude Simulation on
Caterpillar 3208
Steady-State Emission Results from High Altitude
Simulation on Caterpillar 3208
Hot-Start Transient and Idle Emission Results from High
Altitude Simulation on Cummins NTC-350 with Variable
Timing Operating Normally
Cold-Start Transient Emission Results from High Altitude
Simulation on Cummins NTC-350 with Fixed Retarded Timing
Hot-Start Transient Emission Results from High Altitude
Simulation on Cummins NTC-350 with Fixed Retarded Timing
Composite Transient Emission Results from High Altitude
Simulation on Cummins NTC-350 with Fixed Retarded Timing
Smoke Test Results from High Altitude Simulation on
Cummins NTC-350 with Fixed Retarded Timing
Steady-State Emission Results from High Altitude
Simulation on Cummins NTC-350 with Fixed Retarded
Timing
vii
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I. INTRODUCTION
Heavy-duty diesel engines are believed to be significant contributors to ambient air pollution
at high altitude locations such as the Denver, Colorado area. The Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA) and the Colorado Department of Health (CDH) have collected a large amount of light-duty
vehicle emissions data at high altitude using the test facilities of CDH. However, no high altitude
facilities are available to fully characterize heavy-duty diesel emissions using the EPA transient
emissions test procedure and the smoke test procedure. Some way to characterize emissions at high
and low altitude using comparable methods was needed to help determine strategies to reduce high
altitude heavy-duty diesel emissions.
One way to accomplish this emissions characterization would be to construct a full heavy-duty
transient test facility in Denver, but the cost and lead-time for an operational facility is of concern.
Another option, presented here, was to construct equipment to simulate high altitude conditions at an
existing test facility. In addition to the cost and lead-time advantages of this approach, there is also
the elimination of indeterminate high altitude lab to low altitude lab correlation differences that could
overshadow any altitude-related emission changes that the test program would identify.
This report describes the high altitude simulation CVS and the procedures which were used to
validate the proper operation of the system. The procedures utilized to measure regulated and
unregulated emissions also are described in this report. Results obtained during high and low altitude
transient and steady-state emission testing of a naturally aspirated and a turbocharged heavy-duty diesel
engine are presented.
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II. SUMMARY
Both regulated and unregulated emissions from two heavy-duty diesel engines were shown to
be substantially affected by changes in altitude. A high altitude simulation CVS, developed in this
program, allowed emissions from two engines to be measured at both "low" altitude and simulated
"high" altitude at a single emissions testing location. For the purposes of this report, high altitude
corresponds to approximately 1800 meters (6000 feet) above sea level or a nominal barometric pressure
of 610 millimeters (24 inches) Hg. Low altitude corresponds to the local elevation at Southwest
Research Institute of approximately 240 meters (800 feet) above sea level with an average observed
barometric pressure of 740 millimeters (29 inches) Hg.
A naturally aspirated Caterpillar 3208 and a turbocharged Cummins NTC-350 were tested using
the high altitude simulation CVS to measure both transient and steady-state emissions. For transient
test work, a "fiill rack" torque-map from idle to above rated speed is required. During the map,
observed full rack torque output for low engine operating speeds at high altitude conditions was
significantly lower than the torque observed at low altitude for both naturally aspirated and
turbocharged engines.
The turbocharged Cummins NTC-350 engine produced 15 to 30 percent less torque at high
altitude than at low altitude conditions at speeds less than 1200 rpm. The bulk of this reduction in
low speed torque output may be due to different response of an aneroid system within the governor
at high altitude. However, a portion of the torque reduction in the low speed range of operation, where
the turbocharger typically provides low levels of boost, is attributed to reduced utilization of the fuel
at high altitude. After the turbocharger became effective, between intermediate and rated speeds, the
engine delivered "full rack" torque at high altitude conditions equal to that observed at low altitude.
The full rack torque for the naturally aspirated Caterpillar 3208 at high altitude was approximately 12
percent lower than at low altitude conditions over most of the engine speed range.
Regulated emissions of total hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), oxides of nitrogen
(NOx), and total particulate matter (PM) were determined for EPA transient tests*-1)* and two steady-
state conditions at both high and low altitude. The steady-state modes for both the naturally aspirated
and turbocharged engines were curb idle speed with zero load and intermediate speed with 50 percent
load. Unregulated emissions of aldehydes, the volatile fraction of PM, and brake specific fuel
consumption (BSFC) also were determined. Regulated smoke opacity factors were determined for the
EPA smoke testA2) The EPA transient test command cycle used for both high and low altitude tests
of a selected engine was the same and was generated using the low altitude engine performance map.
This strategy assumes that the engines were to perform this same amount of work at high altitude as
normally performed at low altitude. The high altitude performance map was taken for comparative
purposes.
The Cummins NTC-350 utilized mechanical variable timing (MVT) of fuel injection to adjust
timing to an advanced position at loads less than 25 percent and to a retarded position at loads greater
than 25 percent. A "malfunction" mode of operation was simulated by disabling the MVT to a fixed
retarded timing setting. Results from brief reference tests indicated that the emissions from the
Cummins NTC-350 with fixed retarded timing were affected by high altitude substantially more than
with the MVT operating normally.
~
Numbers in parentheses designate references at the end of this report.
2
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Average composite transient emission and smoke test results for the Caterpillar 3208 and for
the Cummins NTC-350 are given Tables 1 and 2, respectively. Average composite transient emissions
of HC, CO, PM, and total aldehydes measured at high altitude for the naturally aspirated Caterpillar
3208 and for the turbocharged Cummins NTC-350 in a "malfunction" configuration were 2 to 4 times
the levels noted for low altitude conditions (with the MVT operating normally, hot-start high altitude
CO and PM emissions were 2 and 1.5 times the low altitude levels, respectively, as shown later in
Table 12). Composite transient NO„ levels for both engines decreased approximately 10 percent from
low altitude to high altitude. Volatile percentages of PM increased 7 percent for the Caterpillar 3208,
and increased 70 percent for the "malfunction" configuration of the Cummins NTC-350 at high
altitude. Average smoke levels from EPA smoke tests increased 92 percent for the Caterpillar 3208
and 36 percent for the Cummins NTC-350 from low altitude to high altitude conditions. At high
altitude, greater increases in HC, CO, and smoke emission levels were noted for the Caterpillar 3208
than for the Cummins NTC-350 in "malfunction" configuration. However, for PM and total aldehydes,
greater increases were noted for the Cummins NTC-350 in "malfunction" configuration than for the
Caterpillar 3208 at high altitude. Relative to low altitude, high altitude composite transient BSFC was
15 percent higher for the Caterpillar 3208, and it was 3 percent higher for the Cummins NTC-350 in
the "malfunction" configuration.
Steady-state conditions of idle and intermediate speed produced altitude-dependent emission
trends similar to those noted for transient testing; however, individual emission constituents were
sometimes more or less sensitive to the high altitude conditions. Even though the Cummins engine
was tested in a "malfunction" configuration, its emissions were generally less sensitive to the effects
of high altitude than the Caterpillar 3208. Much of the reduced emission sensitivity of the Cummins
NTC-350 was attributed to use of a turbocharger.
3
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TABLE 1. AVERAGE COMPOSITE TRANSIENT EMISSION RESULTS
FROM HIGH ALTITUDE SIMULATION ON CATERPILLAR 3208
TEST DESCRIPTION
HC
CO
NOx
PM
ALDEHYDES
BSFC
VOLATILES
Smoke, % Opacity
g/kw-hr (g/hp-hr)
kg/kw-hr (Ib/hp-hr)
%of PM
"A"
"B"
"C"
Low Altitude Average
1.21 (0.90)
7.36 (5.48)
12.9 (9.63)
0.83 (0.63)
0.33 (0.25)
0.305 (0.503)
27
19
23
25
High Altitude Average
5.04 (3.76)
28.0 (20.9)
11.5 (8.59)
1.8(1.3)
0.84 (0.62)
0.350 (0.575)
29
36
37
56
TABLE 2. AVERAGE COMPOSITE TRANSIENT EMISSION RESULTS
FROM HIGH ALTITUDE SIMULATION ON CUMMINS NTC-350 (a)
WITH FIXED RETARDED TIMING (MALFUNCTION)
TEST DESCRIPTION
HC
CO
NOx
PM
ALDEHYDES
BSFC
VOLATILES
Smoke, %Q
pacity
-----—--——-— *—g/
kw-hr (g/hp-hr)
kg/kw-hr (Ib/hp-hr)
% of PM
"A"
"B"
"C"
Low Altitude Average
3.52 (2.63)
5.88 (4.38)
5.11 (3.81)
1.2 (0.92)
0.45 (0.34)
0.281 (0.462)
17
32
7.6
40
High Altitude Average
10.5 (7.84)
11.6(8.66)
4.61 (3.44)
3.1 (2.3)
1.2 (0.88)
0.290 (0.478)
29
39
10
59
(a) Hot-start transient and idle emission results lor the Cummins NTC-350 with variable timing operating normally can be found in Table 12.
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III. TEST PLAN AND DESCRIPTION OF CVS, ENGINES, AND PROCEDURES
The objective of this assignment was to design, develop, and validate a constant volume
sampler (CVS) to simulate high altitude conditions during operation of a diesel engine on the Federal
transient cycle. This section describes the test plan and high altitude simulation CVS. Included in this
section are descriptions of the two test engines along with test procedures used to acquire high and low
altitude results. In addition, a Quality Assurance segment that addresses the precision, accuracy, and
completeness of the test program is contained in this section.
A. Test Plan
Task 1 of the test plan involved the design, development, and validation of a high altitude
simulation CVS. The system was envisioned to be capable of providing reduced atmospheric pressure
to both the intake and exhaust of a test engine, thus simulating high altitude. The reduced pressure
was to be equivalent to atmospheric pressure normally occurring at approximately 1800 meters (6000
feet) of altitude above sea level.
Task 2 involved transient and steady-state emission testing at (simulated) high and low altitude
conditions. A medium-duty naturally aspirated diesel engine and a heavy-duty turbocharged diesel
engine were each to be tested for emissions, at both high and low altitude conditions, over EPA
transient tests and steady-state conditions including idle and intermediate speed with 50 percent load.
Federal smoke tests were also to be conducted on both engines at high and low altitude conditions.
Total hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), and oxides of nitrogen
(NOx) emissions were to be measured segment by segment for transient testing. Total particulate
matter (PM) was to be determined using sample filters acquired during both cold-start and hot-start
cycles that make up the complete EPA transient test. Additional filters were to be taken for potential
analysis of nitrate, sulfate, and carbon by EPA. Individual and total aldehyde emissions were to be
determined for cold-start and hot-start cycles of the EPA transient test. In addition, all of these exhaust
emissions were to be measured at high and low altitude conditions for two steady-state modes
consisting of curb idle and intermediate speed with 50 percent load.
B. High Altitude Simulation CVS
A special CVS unit was constructed to simulate high altitude operation of internal combustion
engines for the purpose of exhaust emissions measurement during transient testing. Figure 1 shows
the high altitude simulation CVS and the control unit which collects data and gaseous samples. A side
view of the CVS shows the heated sample probe and 90 millimeter particulate collection system in
Figure 2. The CVS was constructed such that engine intake air is taken from the CVS, and engine
exhaust is returned to the CVS, in an area which can be maintained at low pressure relative to local
or ambient atmospheric pressure. During high altitude simulations, the main dilution tunnel pressure
was maintained at approximately 81 KPa absolute (24 inches Hg) to simulate 1800 meters (6000 feet)
above sea level. Maximum pressure variation observed in the tunnel was within 2 KPa (0.6 inches
Hg) of nominal during transient testing. The CVS system is capable of maintaining tunnel pressures
which simulate altitudes ranging from local to 3050 meters (10,000 feet) above sea level for selected
engine test cycles or conditions.
This special CVS used a 610 millimeter (24 inch) diameter main dilution tunnel constructed
of stainless steel. Total flow capacity of this positive-displacement CVS was set for a nominal flow
of 57 SCMM (2000 SCFM). The flow rate can be adjusted to meet restricted dilution requirements
of different engine sizes, and is controlled by positive-displacement pump (PDP) drive ratio and limited
by electrical power requirements. PDP inlet air temperature stability over transient operation was
provided by a large tube and fin heat exchanger. Dilute exhaust samples were taken 1.37 meters (54
5
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FIGURE 1. HIGH ALTITUDE SIMULATION CVS WITH CONTROL UNIT
FIGURE 2. SIDE VIEW OF HIGH ALTITUDE CVS SHOWING
HEATED SAMPLE PROBE FOR GASEOUS EMISSIONS AND 90 mm
DOUBLE DILUTION PARTICULATE COLLECTION SYSTEM
6
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inches) downstream of the exhaust entry into the CVS. Exhaust and dilution air were mixed in a very
short distance within the dilution tunnel by using a series of orifice plates. Good mixing was
confirmed by performing stratification checks using propane.
CVS dilution air, which also served as engine intake air during altitude simulation, was filtered
using an MSA Dustfoe filter to reduce background particulate contamination. Temperature of the
dilution air was controlled by a fin and tube heat exchanger located immediately downstream of the
dilution air filter. No special treatment of intake air humidity was performed, so engine intake air
water vapor ranged from 7 to 19 grams/kilogram of air (50 to 130 grains/pound of air). A controlled
pressure drop was made to occur after the dilution air heat exchanger using a series of perforated
plates. Adjustment of perforated plate alignment was used to achieve the desired atmospheric pressure
drop. Engine inlet depression and exhaust backpressure were set using in-line dampers to provide
the desired restrictions relative to CVS atmospheric pressure. Because engine intake air was removed
from the CVS and exhaust gases were returned to the CVS, there was concern that unintentional mixing
of exhaust gases with inlet air might occur. A special baffle was incorporated to isolate the exhaust
and intake air streams. The lack of diesel soot on the entry of the engine intake air duct confirmed
that there was no exhaust gas recirculation within CVS during testing.
Proportional dilute exhaust samples were withdrawn from the main dilution tunnel for gaseous
and particulate emission determinations. The dilute gaseous sample stream was taken from the tunnel
using a heated 190°C (375°F) sample train including a heated filter to remove particulate contamination.
After filtration, the gaseous sample was pumped to a heated vent tube, bringing the sample to
atmospheric pressure so that samples for HC, CO, CC^, NO„, and other gaseous constituents could be
measured in a manner consistent with EPA protocols for neavy-duty diesel emission measurement.
Particulate measurements were made using a double dilution technique. A proportional dilute exhaust
sample was taken from the main tunnel and diluted further in a small secondary tunnel before it was
passed through two 90 millimeter (3.5 inch) diameter filters in series. The particulate system
accumulated the particulate sample on the filters at whatever pressure was set by the CVS operation;
therefore, some particulate aerosols that may be pressure-temperature sensitive were allowed to react
as they would for either high or low altitude.
C. Description of Engines
Two EPA-supplied diesel engines were used in this test work. Reference information for the
Caterpillar 3208 and the Cummins NTC-350 is given in Tables 3 and 4, respectively. The Caterpillar
3208 is a 1980 model year, medium-duty, naturally aspirated, 10.4 liter displacement, V-8 diesel engine
rated at 160 kilowatts (210 horsepower) at 2800 rpm. Figure 3 shows the Caterpillar 3208 mounted
in the transient capable test cell and fitted with intake and exhaust pipes routed to the high altitude
CVS. Emission testing was performed with the engine in a "stock" configuration. As required for
naturally aspirated engines, blow-by gases are returned to the intake manifold. This engine uses a
regulator valve to control crankcase pressure, and it is located between one valve cover and the intake
manifold. The rubber blow-by tubing which connects the regulator valve to the intake manifold was
reinforced to withstand increased manifold vacuum at simulated high altitude conditions. The regulator
valve released crankcase pressure at 1.25 KPa (5 inches water) above atmospheric pressure. During
high altitude simulation, the regulator valve was not referenced to simulated reduced atmospheric
pressure; therefore, the crankcase did not experience the simulated altitude. A potential increase in oil
sump ventilation due to increased pressure differential across the crankshaft seals was prevented by
avoiding crankcase pressures below atmospheric.
The Cummins NTC-350 is a 1984 model year, heavy-duty, turbocharged, 14.0 liter
displacement, in-line 6 cylinder diesel engine rated at 260 kilowatts (350 horsepower) at 2100 rpm.
Figure 4 shows the Cummins NTC-350 mounted in the transient capable test cell and fitted with intake
and exhaust pipes routed to the high altitude CVS. Mechanical variable timing (MVT) of fuel injection
is utilized on this engine. The MVT system retards fuel injection at loads greater than approximately
7
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TABLE 3. OBSERVED TEST PARAMETERS FOR CATERPILLAR 3208
Test Parameter Observed
Intake restriction (Transient Cycle)
Exhaust restriction (Transient Cycle)
Intake restriction (Federal Smoke)
Exhaust restriction (Federal Smoke)
Rated engine speed
Rated engine horsepower
Fuel rate at rated speed and load
Fuel temperature at rated speed and load
Peak torque speed
Peak torque
Fuel rate at peak torque speed
High idle (governed)
Low idle (curb idle)
Water outlet temperature
Cranking speed
Engine oil, SAE rating
Engine coolant type
15 in. H2O
2.2 in. Hg
15 in. H20
2.2 in. Hg
2800 rpm
200 hp
83.8 lb/hr
98 min. 102 max. °F
1680 rpm
444 ft-lb
53.1 lb/hr
3028 rpm
628 ipm
190°F
300 ipm
30 wt.
H2O + Rust Inhibitor
8
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TABLE 4. OBSERVED TEST PARAMETERS FOR CUMMINS NTC-350
Test Parameter
Observed
Intake restriction (Transient Cycle)
20 in. H20
Exhaust restriction (Transient Cycle)
2 in. Hg
Intake restriction (Federal Smoke)
20 in. H20
Exhaust restriction (Federal Smoke)
2 in. Hg
Rated engine speed
2100 rpm
Rated engine horsepower
343 hp
Fuel rate at rated speed and load
136.5 lb/hr
Fuel temperature at rated speed and load
98 min. 102 max. °F
Peak torque speed
1300 rpm
Peak torque
1084 ft-lb
Fuel rate at peak torque speed
97 lb/hr
High idle (governed)
2352 rpm
Low idle (curb idle)
690 rpm
Water outlet temperature
185°F
Cranking speed
300 rpm
Pressure drop across intercooler
6 in. H20
Air temperature after intercooler
190°F
Engine oil, SAE rating
30 wt.
Engine coolant type
H20 + Rust Inhibitor
9
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FIGURE 3. CATERPILLAR 3208 IN TRANSIENT TEST CELL
WITH INTAKE AND EXHAUST SYSTEMS CONNECTED
TO HIGH ALTITUDE SIMULATION CVS
FIGURE 4. CUMMINS NTC-350 IN TRANSIENT TEST CELL
WITH INTAKE AND EXHAUST SYSTEMS CONNECTED TO
HIGH ALTITUDE SIMULATION CVS
10
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25 percent. For test purposes, the MVT was fixed in the retarded timing position to examine a worst
case malfunction of the device. Blow-by from the turbocharged Cummins NTC-350 is normally vented
to atmosphere and is not included as part of the engine exhaust emissions. The engine uses an air-
fuel control system to restrict fuel flow until sufficient boost pressure is achieved. The system is
referenced to atmospheric pressure through the normally vented crankcase. For tests at high altitude,
the blow-by vent tube was connected to a point downstream from the sample zone of the CVS to bring
the crankcase to approximately the same pressure presented to both intake and exhaust systems.
Pressure within the crankcase was maintained at simulated altitude since the blow-by vent was the only
unsealed opening in the crankcase. Blow-by flow was monitored using an orifice flow meter and was
found to be nominally 0.15 SCMM (5 SCFM).
D. Test Procedures
Transient testing was performed using procedures described in the U.S. Code of Federal
Regulations (CFR) 40, Part 86, Subpart N. Emissions reference D-2 diesel fuel coded EM-834-F was
used during the high altitude simulation project. Results of the fuel analyses performed by the refiner
and SwRI are given in Table 5. The engine was operated through a variable engine speed and load
schedule that makes up the transient cycle, requiring rapid dynamometer control capable of loading the
engine one moment and motoring it the next. The transient cycle is described by 1199 one second
torque and speed conditions based on engine performance. The test cycle is composed of four
segments as described below.
Segment Time, sec
New York Non-Freeway (NYNF) 297
Los Angeles Non-Freeway (LANF) 300
Los Angeles Freeway (LAF) 305
New York Non-Freeway (NYNF) 297
The resultant speed and torque commands for a 190 kilowatt (250-horsepower) diesel engine
are shown graphically in Figure 5 as an example. A "Transient Test" consists of a cold-start and a
hot-start transient cycle. The same engine control cycle is used in both cases. Prior to the cold-start,
the engine was operated over a "prep" cycle, then allowed to stand overnight in an ambient soak
temperature of 20 to 30°C (68 to 86°F). The cold-start transient cycle emission test began when the
engine was cranked for cold start-up. On completion of this cycle, emission sampling was discontinued
and the engine was shut down and allowed to stand for 20 minutes. After this hot soak period, the
hot-start transient cycle emission test began with engine cranking. After completion of both cold-start
and hot-start cycles, transient composite emissions in grams per kilowatt-hour (grams per horsepower-
hour) were computed according the following formula: [(1/7 x cold-start mass) + (6/7 x hot-start mass)]
/[(1/7 x cold-start work) + (6/7 x hot-start work)] = Composite transient emission value.
The engine to be tested was mounted on the test stand and its flywheel connected to the
dynamometer with a drive shaft torquemeter. Exhaust and intake systems were connected between the
engine and high altitude simulation CVS unit. During low altitude testing, the engine intake air system
was disconnected from the CVS and the tunnel dilution air inlet restrictor was adjusted to create
minimal restriction. For high altitude simulation, the engine intake was connected to the CVS and the
inlet restrictor of dilution air was adjusted to produce 17 KPa (70 inches of H^O) differential vacuum
in the tunnel with respect to local atmospheric pressure. At 17 KPa (70 inches H9O), the CVS
simulated an altitude of 1800 meters (6000 feet) elevation or a 610 millimeter (24 inch) Hg barometer.
The engines were torque-mapped at low altitude conditions and a transient command cycle was
generated. This transient command cycle was used for both low and high altitude tests. This strategy
assumes the engines were to perform the same amount of work at high altitude as normally performed
11
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DEPARTMENT OF EMISSIONS RESEARCH
r&t
TABLE 5.
DIESEL EMISSIONS FUEL SPECIFICATIONS
QUALITY ASSURANCE
2-D X SUPPLIER Phillips 66
LOT NO. K-146 SwRI CODE
EM-834-F
CFR Specification®
Supplier
SwRI
Item
ASTM
Type 1-D
Type 2-D
Analyses
Analyses
Cetane
D613
48-54
42-50
45.5
44.0
Distillation range:
IBP °F
D86
330-390
340-400
367
366
10% Point, °F
D86
370-430
400-460
426
410
50% Point, °F
D86
410-480
470-540
505
499
90% Point, °F
D86
460-520
550-610
582
583
EP, °F
D86
500-560
580-660
651
644
Gravity, API
D287
40-44
33-37
34.9
34.9
Total Sulfur, %
D129 or
0.05-0.20
0.2-0.5
0.28
0.262
D2622
Hydrocarbon Composition:
8b
27*>
Aromatics, %
D1319
33.1
35.8
Paraffins, Naphthenes,
D1319
c
c
66.9
64.2
Olefins
Flashpoint, °F (min.)
D93
120
130
159
160
Viscosity, Centistokes
D445
1.6-2.0
2.0-3.2
2.4
2.43
aDiesel fuel specifications as in CFR 86.113-82(b)(2) for light-duty diesel vehicles
and CFR 86.1313-84(b)(2) for heavy-duty diesel engines.
^Minimum
c Remainder
Supplier Analyses SwRI Analyses
Date 11/28/83 by Ilary Fernandez
Date
12/5/83
12
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NYNF
297 sec.
LAF
305 sec.
LANF
300 sec.
NYNF
297 sec.
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700
600
500
400
300
200
100
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2500 r
2000
1500
1000
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$ 500 L-
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700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
-100
-200
-300
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
J
1200
400
300
200
100
0
1100 1000 900 300 700 600 500
Time, Seconds
FIGURE 5. EXAMPLE OF TORQUE AND SPEED COMMANDS FOR A 250 HP DIESEL EPA TRANSIENT CYCLE
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at low altitude. An engine torque-map was determined at high altitude for the purpose of performance
comparison only.
During both transient and steady-state emissions testing, the use of a constant volume sampler
(CVS) permitted dilution of the raw exhaust with air while metering the flow of the diluted mixture.
Proportional samples of diluted exhaust were collected in sample bags to provide integrated values for
carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO7). Brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) was
determined by the "carbon balance" method. Total hydrocarbons (HC) and oxides of nitrogen (NOx)
were measured continuously from a proportional sample of the dilute mixture and were integrated
electronically over the test period. A double dilution tunnel permitted an initially diluted proportional
sample to be diluted further, then filtered by two 90 millimeter diameter fluorocarbon coated glass fiber
filters for the measurement of diesel particulate matter (PM).
Attempts to collect additional particulate samples from the main dilution tunnel were made for
detailed analysis of the particulate by EPA. Two 47 millimeter diameter Fluoropore filters were
intended for use in sulfate and nitrate analysis and one 47 millimeter diameter quartz fiber filter was
intended for use in carbon analysis. During transient testing, it was observed that the pressure drop
for all three 47 millimeter filters would increase, indicating that the filters were heavily loaded with
PM during the first half of the transient cycle, causing loss of proportional flow control through the
filters. During the midpoint of the LAF portion of the transient cycle, dilute exhaust temperatures in
the main dilution tunnel increased substantially, and the pressure drop across the filter decreased
indicating that the PM collected may have revolatilized. The change was substantial enough to allow
proportional flow to be regained and maintained for the remainder of the cycle. Therefore, although
analysis of these additional particulate filters may be useful for gross comparisons, they are likely not
representative of the "total particulate" collected using the double dilution technique.
Aldehydes and ketones were determined using the 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH)
method.^' Proportional dilute exhaust samples were taken from the CVS dilution tunnel using a
heated Teflon sample line and filter maintained at 190°C (375°F). A portion of the total sample
transferred to atmospheric pressure was bubbled through glass impinger traps containing a solution of
DNPH and hydrochloric acid kept near 0°C (32°F). The aldehydes formed their respective
phenylhydrazone derivatives (precipitates). These derivatives were removed by filtration, and
subsequently extracted with pentane and evaporated in a vacuum oven. The remaining dried extract,
which contains the phenylhydrazone derivatives, was dissolved in a specific volume of methanol with
anthracene internal standard. A portion of this dissolved extract was injected into a liquid
chromatograph and analyzed using an ultraviolet detector to separate formaldehyde, acetaldehyde,
acrolein, acetone, propionaldehyde, crotonaldehyde, isobutyraldehyde, methylethylketone, benzaldehyde,
and hexanaldehyde. The emission rates of these individual species were summed to yield total
aldehyde emissions.
Vacuum volatilization was used to determine the mass percentage of volatiles in the total PM
collected on the 90 millimeter filters. The filters were weighed prior to volatilization in a vacuum
oven, then re-weighed after 2 hours in the oven at 225°C (437°F). The difference in weight (corrected
for background volatiles associated with the filter) was then divided by the total particulate loading to
result in volatile percentage of total PM.
Smoke measurements were performed using an in-line light extinction smokemeter while the
engine was operated over the Federal smoke cycle. Light path ventilation was maintained using
compressed air which was regulated with a critical flow orifice. The smoke cycle includes two full-
rack accelerations in engine speed, a closed-rack deceleration, and a full-rack lug down deceleration
in engine speed. The smoke results are essentially averaged from three runs of the smoke cycle, and
calculated results are expressed in the form of "A", "B", and "C" factors corresponding to acceleration,
lug, and peak smoke values.
14
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E. Quality Assurance
Validation of the high altitude simulation CVS was accomplished using techniques described
in the CFR for calibration and validation of typical heavy-duty CVS systems. Adequate mixing of
engine exhaust and dilution air was verified by injecting propane into the operating CVS while
continuously measuring HC concentrations at various locations within the "sample zone" plane.
Measured HC concentrations were within 2 percent of the nominal level when monitored in one inch
intervals in both horizontal and vertical traverses across the diameter of the CVS. Propane recovery
checks were periodically conducted on the CVS at both atmospheric and simulated high altitude
conditions to assure system integrity and accuracy. Calibrations and span checks of gaseous emission
analyzers were periodically performed using gases that are traceable to the National Bureau of
Standards (NBS). The torque meter was calibrated using NBS traceable weights. Statistical precision
of the test procedure cannot be calculated because less than three data points were obtained for any
one operating condition.
Part of the validation of the high altitude simulation CVS included preliminary hot-start
transient test runs on the Caterpillar 3208 engine. Regulated emissions were measured in back-to-
back tests utilizing a conventional CVS and the high altitude simulation CVS operated at low altitude
conditions. These emission values from runs made with both CVS systems compared reasonably well
with each other and to EPA-supplied values. These early results were useful in building confidence
in the accuracy of the high altitude CVS mixing and sampling system strategies.
Completeness of the emission measurements (number of useable data points relative to number
of requested data points) made during this program is given in Table 6. The reported data represent
an overall completeness of 96 percent. With the exception of total particulate and aldehydes, all other
emissions were 100 percent complete.
15
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TABLE 6. COMPLETENESS OF EMISSION MEASUREMENTS
Completeness, useable data provided/data requested
Caterpillar 3208 Cummins NTC-350
Transient Steady-state Transient Steady-state
Emission cold-start hot-start idle 50% load cold-start hot-start idle 50% load
Measurement
* LA
HA
LA
HA
LA
HA
LA
HA
LA
HA
LA
HA
LA
HA
LA
HA
Total HC
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
212
2/2
CO
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
212
212
C02
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
212
2/2
212
2/2
NOx
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
212
2/2
212
2/2
Particulate Matter (PM)
1/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
212
212
2/2
212
2/2
2/2
2/2
Volatile Percent of PM
1/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
212
212
2/2
212
2/2
212
212
Aldehydes
2/2
1/2
2/2
1/2
2/2
1/2
2/2
1/2
2/2
212
2/2
1/2
2/2
212
212
212
Sulfate filter
212
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
212
2/2
212
2/2
2/2
212
212
212
212
Nitrate filter
2/2
2/2
212
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
212
2/2
212
2/2
2/2
2/2
212
212
2/2
Carbon filter
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
212
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
2/2
212
212
2/2
* LA = Low altitude HA = High altitude
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IV. RESULTS
This section describes the results obtained from emission measurements conducted on a
Caterpillar 3208 and a Cummins NTC-350 at simulated high and low altitude. Regulated transient
emissions along with aldehydes and volatile percentage of the total particulate are discussed following
a brief comparison of engine performance at high and low altitude conditions. Federal smoke test
results are presented, followed by steady-state emissions data.
A. Emission Results from the Caterpillar 3208
Torque maps of the Caterpillar 3208 at both high and low altitude show that torque output was
approximately 12 percent lower at high altitude conditions than at low altitude for the complete range
of engine speeds. Figure 6 presents both high and low altitude torque maps for the Caterpillar 3208.
The low altitude torque map was used to derive the transient test cycle used for both high and low
altitude transient emission tests.
Regulated emissions of HC, CO, NO„, and PM, as well as unregulated emissions of total
aldehydes and percent volatiles are summarized for cold-start and hot-start transient tests in Tables 7
and 8, respectively. The NO^ value for the cold-start at high altitude, Run 2, was estimated from
"sample bag" NO^ concentration because the continuous NOx analyzer output was found to be
erroneous after testing on the engine was completed. To estimate the continuous NOx concentration,
the bag reading was multiplied by 1.07 to adjust for the difference between continuous and bag NOx
values. The adjustment was calculated from noting the differences between continuous and bag NOx
values for other runs on this engine. For cold-start transient operation, high altitude caused substantial
increases in all emissions except NOx and percent volatiles, and BSFC increased by about 25 percent.
For hot-start transient operation, the same trends were noted, but aldehyde and HC emission levels were
not as high at high altitude as the levels noted for cold-start operation.
Composite transient emission results from high and low altitude tests are summarized in Table
9. Average composite transient HC and CO emissions at high altitude were almost four times the
levels measured at low altitude. Average high altitude emissions of total particulate matter (PM) were
double those for low altitude. Total aldehydes with high altitude operation were 2.5 times the low
altitude composite transient emissions. Composite transient emission of NOx at low altitude decreased
11 percent with high altitude operation. Low altitude composite transient BSFC increased 14 percent
at high altitude. The percent of volatile PM for the Caterpillar 3208 was approximately the same under
high and low altitude conditions.
As expected, smoke emissions increased dramatically at high altitude for the naturally aspirated
Cateipillar 3208. This particular engine exceeded the EPA standard of 15 percent opacity for the "B"
factor, even at low altitude conditions. The "B" factor, along with the other factors, increased to
extremely high levels of smoke opacity at high altitude. Federal Smoke Test results are given in Table
10. Average smoke values for acceleration, lug, and peak increased between 61 and 124 percent during
high altitude operation with respect to low altitude operation.
Two steady-state modes were selected for emissions evaluation at both high and low altitude.
Idle emissions were taken during a 15 minute test with the dynamometer adjusted to approximately zero
torque at curb idle. Intermediate speed mode emissions were measured during 15 minutes at 1680 rpm
engine speed and 290 newton meters (215 foot-pounds) of torque. Steady-state emission results for
the Caterpillar 3208 are presented in Table 11.
17
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TORQUE (FT-LB)
500
450
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
2800
3000
600
1400
1600
2000
2400
2600
800
1200
1800
2200
1000
ENGINE SPEED (RPM)
HIGH ALTITUDE —b LOW ALTITUDE
FIGURE 6. TORQUE MAP - CATERPILLAR 3208
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TABLE 7. COLD-START TRANSIENT EMISSION RESULTS
FROM HIGH ALTITUDE SIMULATION ON CATERPILLAR 3208
TEST DESCRIPTION
HC CO
NOx
PM ALDEHYDES
VOLATILES
BSFC
g/kw-hr (g/hp-hr)
%of PM
kg/kw-hr (to/hp-hr)
Low Altitude - Run 1
1.71 (1.28)
9.19 (6.85)
13.1 (9.76)
a
0.46 (0.34)
a
0.310(0.509)
Low Altitude - Run 2
1.58 (1.18)
9.54 (7.12)
13.2 (9.86)
0.89 (0.67)
0.48 (0.36)
26
0.280 (0.460)
Low Altitude Average
1.65 (1.23)
9.37 (6.99)
13.2 (9.81)
0.89 (0.67)
0.47 (0.35)
26
0.295 (0.485)
High Altitude - Run 1
5.37 (4.01)
29.0 (21.6)
11.8 (8.80)
2.1 (1.5)
1.9 (1.4)
28
0.376 (0.618)
High Altitude - Run 2
6.44 (4.80)
23.7(17.7)
b
10.8 (8.08)
1.6(1.2)
c
29
0.363 (0.597)
High Altitude Average
5.91 (4.41)
26.4 (19.7)
11.3 (8.44)
1.8 (1.4)
1.9 (1.4)
29
0.370 (0.608)
a Particulate sampling system failure
b (Bag NOx)(1.07) used due to continuous analyzer malfunction
c Aldehyde sampling failure
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TABLE 8. HOT-START TRANSIENT EMISSION RESULTS
FROM HIGH ALTITUDE SIMULATION ON CATERPILLAR 3208
TEST DESCRIPTION
HC CO
NOx
PM ALDEHYDES
VOLATILES
BSFC
j/kw-hr (g/hp-t
%Of PM
kg/kw-hr (Ib/hp-hr)
"J
Low Altitude - Run 1
1.18(0.88)
6.98 (5.20)
12.8 (9.56)
0.78 (0.58)
0.30 (0.22)
36
0.307 (0.505)
Low Altitude - Run 2
1.08 (0.80)
7.05 (5.25)
12.9 (9.63)
0.82 (0.62)
0.31 (0.23)
27
0.307 (0.505)
Low Altitude Average
1.13(0.84)
7.02 (5.23)
12.9(9.60)
0.80 (0.60)
0.31 (0.23)
32
0.307 (0.505)
High Altitude - Run 1
4.35 (3.24)
35.2 (26.2)
11.2 (8.38)
1.8 (1.3)
0.66 (0.49)
31
0.373 (0.613)
High Altitude - Run 2
5.44 (4.06)
21.4(16.0)
11.9 (8.84)
1.8 (1.3)
a
27
0.320 (0.525)
High Altitude Average
4.90 (3.65)
28.3 (21.1)
11.6(8.61)
1.8 (1.3)
0.66 (0.49)
29
0.347 (0.569)
a Aldehyde sampling failure
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TABLE 9. COMPOSITE TRANSIENT EMISSION RESULTS
FROM HIGH ALTITUDE SIMULATION ON CATERPILLAR 3208
TEST DESCRIPTION
HC
CO
NOx
PM
ALDEHYDES
VOLATILES
BSFC
3/kw-hr (g/hp-hr)
%of PM
kg/kw-hr (Ib/hp-hr)
Low Attitude - Run 1
1.26 (0.94)
7.30 (5.44)
12.9 (9.59)
a
0.32 (0.24)
a
0.307 (0.506)
Low Altitude - Run 2
1.15(0.85)
7.41 (5.52)
13.0 (9.66)
0.83 (0.63)
0.33 (0.25)
27
0.303 (0.499)
Low Attitude Average
1.21 (0.90)
7.36 (5.48)
12.9 (9.63)
0.83 (0.63)
0.33 (0.25)
27
0.305 (0.503)
High Altitude - Run 1
4.50 (3.35)
34.3 (25.6)
11.3 (8.44)
1.8(1.3)
0.84 (0.62)
31
0.373 (0.614)
High Altitude - Run 2
5.58 (4.17)
21.8 (16.2)
11.7(8.73)
1.7(1.3)
b
27
0.326 (0.535)
High Altitude Average
5.04 (3.76)
28.0 (20.9)
11.5 (8.59)
1.8(1.3)
0.84 (0.62)
29
0.350 (0.575)
a Particulate sampling failure during cold-start
b Aldehyde sampling failure
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TABLE 10. SMOKE TEST RESULTS
FROM HIGH ALTITUDE SIMULATION ON CATERPILLAR 3208
Smoke Factor, %Q
pacity
"A"
"B"
"C"
EPA Standards
20
15
50
Low Altitude - Run 1
19
22
24
Low Altitude - Run 2
19
24
26
Low Altitude Average
19
23
25
High Altitude - Run 1
39
39
59
High Altitude - Run 2
33
34
53
High Altitude Average
36
37
56
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TABLE 11. STEADY-STATE EMISSION RESULTS
FROM HIGH ALTITUDE SIMULATION ON CATERPILLAR 3208
IDLE MODE
TEST DESCRIPTION
HC CO
NOx PM
ALDEHYDES
VOLATILES
FUEL
n/hr (g/hr)
%Of PM
kg/hr (to/hr)
Low Altitude - Run 1
Low Altitude - Run 2
20.9
23.1
69.9
77.1
80.8
81.6
5.4
4.9
CO CO
tj1 in
43
33
2.82
3.01
Low Altitude Average
22.0
735
81.2
5.2
5.1
38
2.92
High Altitude - Run 1
High Altitude - Run 2
37.0
43.0
116
106
65.2
76.2
7.6
9.4
5.7
a
33
40
2.74
2.97
High Altitude Average
40.0
111
70.7
8.5
5.7
37
2.86
INTERMEDIATE MODE
TEST DESCRIPTION
HC CO NOx
PM
ALDEHYDES
VOLATILES
BSFC
g/kw-hr (g/hp-hr)
% of PM
kg/kw-hr (Ih/hp-hr)
Low Altitude - Run 1
Low Altitude - Run 2
0.69 (0.51)
0.71 (0.53)
2.34 (1.75)
2.27 (1.69)
13.5(10.1)
14.3(10.6)
0.33 (0.25)
0.33 (0.25)
0.11 (0.08)
0.11 (0.08)
64
61
0.256 (0.420)
0.257 (0.422)
Low Altitude Average
0.70 (0.52)
2.31 (1.72)
13.9 (10.4)
0.33 (0.25)
0.11 (0.08)
63
0.257 (0.421)
High Altitude - Run 1
High Altitude - Run 2
1.14(0.85)
1.43 (1.07)
2.68 (2.00)
2.43 (1.81)
15.8(11.8)
14.8 (11.1)
0.96 (0.72)
0.69 (0.51)
0.16(0.12)
a
72
77
0.267 (0.439)
0.258 (0.425)
High Altitude Average
1.29 (0.96)
2.56 (1.91)
15.3 (11.4)
0.83 (0.62)
0.16(0.12)
75
0.263 (0.432)
a Aldehyde sampling failure
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Idle emissions of HC, CO, and PM generally increased between 50 and 90 percent at high
altitude. Similar to transient test results, emissions of NOx during idle tests decreased slightly at high
altitude. Low altitude and high altitude total aldehydes and percent volatiles at idle were about the
same.
High altitude operation at intermediate speed mode increased HC, CO, PM, and total aldehyde
emissions by 84, 11, 152, and 45 percent, respectively. Percent volatiles also increased slightly at high
altitude. Curiously, for the Caterpillar 3208, the intermediate speed mode was the only condition
examined in which NO emission levels increased at high altitude. The NO emission instrument and
calibration were checked, and no problems were identified. The cause for higher levels of NOx at high
altitude is puzzling, and may be attributable to unique characteristics of the engine and test condition.
Further examination of NO„ emissions for conditions near this intermediate speed mode would be
helpful to identify where aria why the shift in NOx emissions with altitude takes place.
Detailed data for transient and steady-state emissions of HC, CO, NO , PM, and BSFC from
the Caterpillar 3208 are located in Appendix A. Data for individual aldehydes measured during
transient and steady state tests are located in Appendix B.
B. Emission Results from the Cummins NTC-350
Torque maps of the Cummins NTC-350 at both high and low altitude show that torque is
approximately 15 to 30 percent lower at high altitude conditions than at low altitude for engine speeds
less than 1200 rpm. Both high and low altitude torque maps for the Cummins NTC-350 are given in
Figure 7 for reference. Between intermediate and rated speeds, the torque at high altitude conditions
was equal to the torque at low altitude. During the mapping procedure, the MVT switches to fully
retarded position; therefore, the torque map data are the same for either "malfunction" or normal
operation of the MVT system.
One hot-start transient emission test was run at both high and low altitude with the MVT
operating properly for reference purposes. In addition, one idle steady state emission test was run at
each altitude condition with the variable timing operational. The variable timing system retards
injection timing at loads greater than 25 percent, therefore, the intermediate speed with 50 percent load
steady-state test results are representative of both "malfunction" and normal MVT operation and were
grouped with the "malfunction" configuration runs. Hot-start transient and idle emission results with
variable timing operating properly are given in Table 12.
Hot-start emission levels for the Cummins NTC-350 with normally operating MVT were in
general agreement with levels expected from this engine when tested at low altitude. With high altitude
operation, hot-start transient emissions of HC, CO, PM, percent volatiles, and total aldehydes all
increased, while NO„ emissions decreased somewhat. These changes were directionally similar to the
changes in regulatea emissions for the naturally aspirated Caterpillar 3208 at high altitude, but they
were not as large for the turbocharged Cummins NTC-350. Idle emissions of HC, total aldehydes, and
CO increased slightly with altitude, but surprisingly, idle NOx emissions increased and PM emissions
decreased with altitude.
Cold-start and hot-start transient emissions from the Cummins NTC-350 with fixed retarded
timing for the "malfunction" configuration are presented in Tables 13 and 14. Hot-start emissions for
the normal configuration were grossly affected by using the fixed retarded timing malfunction. Low
altitude HC, CO, PM, and total aldehydes generally doubled, while NOx emissions decreased by 26
percent with the malfunction. High altitude severely aggravated "malfunction" configuration hot-start
emissions further, causing HC, CO, PM, and total aldehydes to increase by factors of 2 to 3 times over
low altitude hot-start levels. Percent volatiles of the hot-start PM emissions also were substantially
increased with the "malfunction" and with high altitude. Hot-start transient NOx emission levels for
the "malfunction" configuration decreased slightly at high altitude. Except for NOx emissions, all
24
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TORQUE (FT-LB)
1200
1100
1000
900
800
700
600
500
400
600
800
1200
1000
1400
1600
1800
2200
2000
ENGINE SPEED (RPM)
HIGH ALTITUDE LOW ALTITUDE
FIGURE 7. TORQUE MAP - CUMMINS NTC-350
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TABLE 12. HOT-START TRANSIENT AND IDLE EMISSION RESULTS
FROM HIGH ALTITUDE SIMULATION ON CUMMINS NTC-350
WITH VARIABLE TIMING OPERATING NORMALLY
HOT-START TRANSIENT EMISSION RESULTS
TEST DESCRIPTION
HC CO
NOx PM
ALDEHYDES
VOLATILES
BSFC
g/kw-hr (g/hp-hr)
%ofPM
kg/kw-hr (Ib/hp-hf)
Low Attitude
High Altitude
1.28(0.95)
1.53 (1.14)
3.18(2.37)
6.00 (4.47)
6.99(5.21)
6.48 (4.83)
0.63 (0.47)
0.92 (0.68)
0.16(0.12)
0.26 (0.19)
6
12
0.268 (0.440)
0.272 (0.448)
IDLE EMISSION RESULTS
TEST DESCRIPTION
HC
CO | NOx PM
ALDEHYDES
VOLATILES
FUEL
g/hr (g/hr)
%of PM
kg/hr (Ih/hr)
Low Altitude
High Altitude
63.3
64.1
39.3
44.1
55.2
66.1
8.7
7.5
7.4
6.7
a
<5
a
<5
1.65 (3.64)
1.92(4.24)
a Low particulate loadings for this condition limit resolution to 5 %
-------
TABLE 13. COLD-START TRANSIENT EMISSION RESULTS
FROM HIGH ALTITUDE SIMULATION ON CUMMINS NTC-350
WITH FIXED RETARDED TIMING
TEST DESCRIPTION
HC
CO
NOx
PM
ALDEHYDES
VOLATfLES
BSFC
-g/kw-hr (g/hp-hr)
%of PM
kg/kw-hr (Ib/hp-hr)
Low Altitude - Run 1
7.06 (5.28)
6.14(4.58)
4.70 (3.50)
1.8(1.3)
0.51 (0.38)
33
0.297 (0.489)
Low Attitude - Run 2
8.01 (5.97)
6.51 (4.85)
4.92 (3.67)
1.9(1.4)
0.57 (0.43)
31
0.298 (0.489)
Low Altitude Average
7.55 (5.63)
6.33 (4.72)
4.81 (3.59)
1.8 (1.4)
0.54(0.41)
32
0.298 (0.489)
High Altitude - Run 1
15.0(11.2)
12.4 (9.2)
4.59 (3.42)
3.9 (2.9)
0.92 (0.69)
38
0.314(0.517)
High Altitude - Run 2
15.1 (11.3)
12.1 (9.03)
4.69 (3.50)
3.8 (2.8)
0.93 (0.69)
32
0.318(0.523)
High Altitude Average
15.0(11.2)
12.2(9.13)
4.64 (3.46)
3.9 (2.9)
0.93 (0.69)
35
0.316 (0.520)
-------
TABLE 14. HOT-START TRANSIENT EMISSION RESULTS
FROM HIGH ALTITUDE SIMULATION ON CUMMINS NTC-350
WITH FIXED RETARDED TIMING
TEST DESCRIPTION
HC
CO
NOx
PM
ALDEHYDES
VOLATILES
BSFC
— g/kw-hr (g/hp-hr)
%of PM
kg/kw-hr (tb/hp-hr)
Low Altitude - Run 1
2.87 (2.14)
5.75 (4.29)
5.07 (3.78)
1.1 (0.85)
0.44 (0.33)
18
0.277 (0.456)
Low Altitude - Run 2
2.82 (2.10)
5.85 (4.36)
5.25 (3.92)
1.1 (0.83)
0.42 (0.31)
11
0.278 (0.457)
Low Altitude Average
2.85 (2.12)
5.80 (4.33)
5.16(3.85)
1.1 (0.84)
0.43 (0.32)
15
0.278 (0.457)
High Altitude - Run 1
8.83 (6.59)
11.2 (8.39)
4.55 (3.39)
2.7 (2.0)
1.2 (0.91)
24
0.282 (0.463)
High Altitude - Run 2
10.7 (7.99)
11.8 (8.78)
4.66 (3.48)
3.1 (2.3)
a
31
0.290 (0.477)
High Altitude Average
9.78 (7.29)
11.5 (8.59)
4.61 (3.44)
2.9 (2.2)
1.2(0.91)
28
0.286 (0.470)
a Aldehyde sampling failure
-------
emission levels were higher for cold-start than for hot-start at low altitude. At high altitude, all
emissions except NOx for both cold-start and hot-start transient operation of the Cummins NTC-350
in the "malfunction" configuration were substantially increased, and BSFC also increased.
Composite transient emission results for the Cummins NTC-350 with MVT set to the fixed
retarded timing position for the "malfunction" configuration and using high and low altitude conditions
are summarized in Table 15. Average composite transient HC emissions at high altitude were triple
the levels measured at low altitude. Average high altitude emissions of CO doubled, while PM and
total aldehydes were both about 2.5 times the low altitude emission levels. The composite transient
emission level of NOx decreased by about 10 percent from low to high altitude. High altitude
increased composite transient BSFC by 3 percent. The composite transient high altitude percentage of
volatile PM was approximately 70 percent greater than the low altitude percentage of volatile PM.
Smoke test results are given in Table 16. In the "malfunction" configuration at low altitude,
the "A" smoke factor averaged 32 percent opacity, well above the limit of 20 set by EPA. It is
interesting to note that even though the "A" factor limit was exceeded in the "malfunction"
configuration, the "B" and "C" factors for smoke were still below the EPA limits. It should be noted
that the "B" factor, or lugging mode, takes place during established full-rack engine operation, where
the Cummins NTC-350 MVT would normally operate in the full retarded position regardless of the
presence of a malfunctioning MVT. Similarly, "A" and "C" smoke factors are determined during full-
rack operation; however, these engine operations are preceded by idle or light load operation that would
normally be run in an advanced timing position with a normally operating MVT system. At high
altitude, all three smoke factors deteriorated, especially the "A" and "C" factors.
Steady-state emission results for the Cummins NTC-350 in the "malfunction" configuration are
presented in Table 17. Curb idle emissions were taken over a 15 minute test period with the
dynamometer adjusted to approximately zero torque. Retard of timing at idle caused HC and total
aldehyde emissions to increase by a factor of 5, CO by a factor of 4, and PM by a factor of 6, while
NOx levels were reduced by about 50 percent and fuel usage increased by almost 40 percent. At high
altitude, "malfunction" configuration idle emissions of HC, CO, PM, and total aldehydes were
dramatically increased while NOx emissions decreased. "Malfunction" idle emissions of HC, PM, and
total aldehyde were all 3 to 4 times greater at high altitude compared to low altitude. Percent volatiles
of idle PM increased substantially with "malfunction" and remained high at high altitude. Emissions
of CO increased 76 percent and NOx decreased 27 percent for the idle mode at high altitude compared
to low altitude.
Intermediate-speed mode emissions were measured during 15 minutes at 1300 rpm and 730
newton meters (540 foot-pounds) of torque. High altitude operation for the intermediate speed mode
increased PM and CO emissions 72 and 128 percent, respectively. Percent volatiles of PM for the
intermediate speed mode increased at high altitude to almost 3 times the low altitude levels. At the
intermediate speed condition, high altitude HC, NOx, and total aldehyde emissions were generally equal
to those obtained at low altitude.
Detailed data for transient and steady-state emissions of HC, CO, NOx, PM, and BSFC are
located in Appendix C. Data for individual aldehydes measured during transient and steady state tests
are located in Appendix D.
29
-------
TABLE 15. COMPOSITE TRANSIENT EMISSION RESULTS
FROM HIGH ALTITUDE SIMULATION ON CUMMINS NTC-350
WITH FIXED RETARDED TIMING
TEST DESCRIPTION
HC
CO NOx PM
ALDEHYDES
VOLATILES
BSFC
g/kw-hr (g/hp-hr)
%of PM
kg/kw-hr (Ib/hp-hr)
Low Altitude - Run 1
3.47 (2.59)
5.81 (4.33)
5.02 (3.74)
1.2 (0.92)
0.45 (0.34)
20
0.280 (0.461)
Low Altitude - Run 2
3.57 (2.66)
5.94 (4.43)
5.20 (3.88)
1.2 (0.91)
0.44 (0.33)
14
0.281 (0.462)
Low Altitude Average
3.52 (2.63)
5.88 (4.38)
5.11 (3.81)
1.2 (0.92)
0.45 (0.34)
17
0.281 (0.462)
High Altitude - Run 1
9.70 (7.23)
11.4 (8.50)
4.55 (3.40)
2.9 (2.1)
1.2 (0.88)
26
0.286 (0.471)
High Altitude - Run 2
11.3 (8.45)
11.8 (8.81)
4.67 (3.48)
3.2 (2.4)
a
31
0.294 (0.484)
High Altitude Average
10.5 (7.84)
11.6(8.66)
4.61 (3.44)
3.1 (2.3)
1.2 (0.88)
29
0.290 (0.478)
a Aldehyde sampling failure during hot-start
-------
TABLE 16. SMOKE TEST RESULTS
FROM HIGH ALTITUDE SIMULATION ON CUMMINS NTC-350
WITH FIXED RETARDED TIMING
Smoke Factor, % Q
parity
"A"
"B"
"C"
EPA Standards
20
15
50
Low Altitude - Run 1
32
7.6
39
Low Altitude - Run 2
32
7.6
40
Low Altitude Average
32
7.6
40
High Altitude - Run 1
42
10
62
High Altitude - Run 2
36
9.7
56
High Altitude Average
39
10
59
-------
TABLE 17. STEADY-STATE EMISSION RESULTS
FROM HIGH ALTITUDE SIMULATION ON CUMMINS NTC-350
WITH FIXED RETARDED TIMING
IDLE MODE
TEST DESCRIPTION
HC CO | NOx PM ALDEHYDES
VOLATILES
FUEL
n/hr (g/hr)
%Of PM
kg/hr (to/hr)
Low Altitude - Run 1
Low Altitude - Run 2
299
292
160
163
29.8
24.2
44
56
28
44
50
48
2.53 (5.56)
2.02 (4.48)
Low Altitude Average
296
162
27.0
50
36
49
2.28 (5.02)
High Altitude - Run 1
High Altitude - Run 2
624
1240
224
346
16.0
23.6
170
290
98
120
56
28
1.98 (4.36)
3.32 (7.32)
High Altitude Average
1030
285
19.8
230
110
42
2.65 (5.84)
INTERMEDIATE MODE
TEST DESCRIPTION
HC
CO NOx PM ALDEHYDES
VOLATILES
BSFC
g/kw-hr (g/hp-hr)
%of PM
kg/kw-hr (Ib/hp-hr)
Low Altitude - Run 1
Low Altitude - Run 2
0.52 (0.38)
0.44 (0.33)
3.12(2.33)
2.77 (2.06)
5.17(3.86)
4.51 (3.36)
0.84 (0.63)
0.95 (0.71)
0.03 (0.02)
0.04 (0.03)
4
6
0.245 (0.403)
0.241 (0.397)
Low Altitude Average
0.48 (0.36)
2.95 (2.20)
4.84(3.61)
0.90 (0.67)
0.04 (0.03)
5
0.243 (0.400)
High Altitude - Run 1
High Altitude - Run 2
0.44 (0.33)
0.42 (0.31)
6.88 (5.13)
6.60 (4.92)
4.85 (3.61)
4.52 (3.37)
1.5(1.1)
1.6(1.2)
0.07 (0.05)
0.07 (0.05)
14
13
0.247 (0.406)
0.235 (0.386)
High Altitude Average
0.43 (0.32)
6.74 (5.03)
4.69 (3.49)
1.6 (1.2)
0.07 (0.05)
14
0.241 (0.396)
-------
REFERENCES
1. Code of Federal Regulations 40, Part 86, Subpart N, "Emissions Regulations for New Gasoline
- and Diesel-Fueled Heavy-Duty Engines; Gaseous Exhaust Test Procedures," July 1, 1988.
2. Code of Federal Regulations 40, Part 86, Subpart I, "Emissions Regulations for New Diesel-
Fueled Heavy-Duty Engines; Smoke Exhaust Test Procedures," July 1, 1988.
3. Smith, L.R., "Characterization of Exhaust Emissions from Alcohol-Fueled Vehicles," Final
Report to CRC, CAPE-30-81, May 1985.
33
-------
APPENDIX A
SEGMENT BY SEGMENT TRANSIENT AND STEADY-STATE
REGULATED EMISSION RESULTS FROM CATERPILLAR 3208
-------
TABLE A-l. LOW ALTITUDE COLD-START TRANSIENT EMISSION
RESULTS FOR THE CATERPILLAR 3208 - RUN 1
ENGINE NO.
ENGINE MODEL 0 CATERPIL 3208A
ENGINE 10.# HR)
9.19 (
6.85)
BSC02 G/KU HR (G/HP HR)
966. (
720.)
BSNOX G/KU HR (6/HP HR)
13.09 (
9.76)
(CONTINUOUS)
BSFC KG/KU HR (LB/HP HR)
.310 (
.509)
-------
TABLE A-2. LOW ALTITUDE HOT-START TRANSIENT EMISSION
RESULTS FOR THE CATERPILLAR 3208 - RUN 1
ENGINE NO.
ENGINE MODEL 0 CATERPIL 320BA
ENGINE 10.4 I(636. CID) V-8
CVS NO. 27
BAROMETER 734.82 MM HG(28.33 IN H6)
DRY BULB TEMP. (ENG.) 28.3 DEC C<83.0 DE6 F!
TEST NQ.LA I
DOTE 5/16/89
TIME
DYNO NO. 4
RELATIVE HLWIDITY
ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY
RUN1
DIESEL EM-834-F
BAG CART NO. 2
, ENGINE-74. PCT , CVS-flO. PCT ENG. DEM PT. 74.0 DEG F
(ENG.) 10.B GM/KB(131.5 GRAINS/LB) NOX HUMIDITY C.F. 1.1723
BAG RESULTS
806 NWffiEfi
DESCRIPTION
TIME SECONDS
TOT. BLOWER RATE SOW (SCFN)
TOT. 90MM RATE SCMM ISCFN)
TOT. c0X20 RATE SCMN (SCFM)
TOT. AUX. SAMPLE RATE SCMM (SCFM
"OTflL FLOW STD. CU. fiETRES iSCF)
NYNF
297.7
55.66 i 1365.3)
.04 (
.00 (
.00 (
¦276,* (
1.34)
.0)
.00)
5759.)
LANF
296.3
55.69 ( 1366.5)
.04 ( 1.34)
.00 ( .0)
. 00 ( .00)
.75.8 ( 3733.)
LAF
305.4
55.65 ( 1965.1)
.04 ( 1.34)
.00 1 .0)
.00 ( ,001
283.5 (10010.)
NYNF
306.1
55.99 ( 1977.1)
.04 ( 1.34)
.00 1 .0)
.00 ( .001
285.9 (10094.)
HC SAMPLE METER/RANGE/PPM
17.5/41/
17.50
24.3/41/
24.33
27.7/41/
27.66
17.9/41/
17.91
rlC BCKGRD METER/RANGE/PPM
4.6/41/
4.60
4.6/41/
4.60
4.6/41/
4.60
4.6/41/
t.oO
CO SAMPLE METER/RAN6E/PPM
33.8/12/
33.24
59.3/12/
58.63
91.5/12/
91.76
28.8/12/
28.36
CO BCKGRD METER/RANGE/PPM
.1/12/
.10
.4/12/
.41
.0/12/
.00
.0/12/
.00
C02 SAMPLE METER/RAN6E/PCT
50.7/14/
.2792
62.7/14/
.4049
34.5/14/
.3836
50.3/14/
.2755
C02 BCKGRD METER/RANGE/PCT
11.7/14/
.0388
11.8/14/
.0331
13.1/14/
.0442
12.8/14/
.0430
NOX SAMPLE METER/RANGE/PPM
12.6/43/
31.44
15.9/43/ 33.76
39.7/43/
99.24
13.3/43/
33.28
NOX BCKGRD METER/RANGE/PPM
.5/ 2/
.50
.5/ 2/
.50
1.1/ 2/
l.U
.7/ 2/
.71
DILUTION FACTOR .
HC CONCENTRATION PPM '! J'*5 '3.47 47>M
CO CONCENTRATION PPM " l;,S® 23.41 j3,4j
C02 CQNCENTmiON PCT ",'p 87-65 37.1,7
'JOX CONCENTRATION PPM ,367° •34?7 .2^
"5'S *•* ».« 31.51
HC MftSS GRAMS
CO flASS GRAMS
COc MASS GRAMS
NOX MASS GRAMS
FUEL KG (LB!
KW HR I HP HR)
2.072
10.332
1219.74
18.541
.390
1.16
.86)
1.56)
3.161
18.068
1851.39
23.459
.593 (
1.79 (
1.31)
2.40)
j>. 826
2B. 328
4889.03
59.364
1.553 (
5.41 (
3.42)
7.25)
2.211
3.144
1220.70
£0.195
.390 (
1.17 (
.86)
1.57)
BSHC G/KU HR (G/HP HR)
1.78 (
1.33)
1.77 1
1.32)
.71 (
.53)
1.89 (
1.41)
BSCO G/KU HR (G/HP HR)
8.88 (
6.62)
10.11 1
; 7.54)
5.35 1
3.99)
7.81 (
5.82)
BSC02 G/KU HR (G/HP HR)
1048.52 (
781.88)
1034.48 1
; 771.41)
904.32 (
674.35)
1042.67 <
777.52)
BSNOJ G/KU HR (G/HP HR)
15.94 (
11.89)
13.11 1
I 9.77)
11.09 (
8.27)
17.25 (
12.86)
BSFC KG/KU HR (LB/HP HR)
.335 (
.551)
.332 1
: .545)
.287 (
.472)
.333 (
.548)
TOTAL TEST RESULTS 4 BA6S
TOTAL KW HR (HP HR) 9.53(12.78)
BSHC G/KU H« (S/HP HR) 1.18 1 .88)
BSCO G/KU HR (S/HP HR) 6.98 I 5.20)
BSCQ2 G/KU HR (S/rt1 HR) 963. ! 71B.)
8SN0X G/KU HR (G/HP HR) 12.82 ( 9.56)
ESFC H6/KU HR iLB/HP HR) .307 ( ,505)
(CONTINUOUS)
(CONTINUOUS)
PARTICULATE RESULTS, TOTAL FOR 4 BAGS
«*BGTH FILTERS USED FOR PARTICULATE***
90MM PARTICULATE RATES GRAMS/TEST 7.341
G/KWHR(G/HPHR) .78 < .58)
G/K6 FUEL (6/LB FUEL) 2.38 ( 1.08)
FILTER EFF. 95.0
A-3
-------
TABLE A-3. LOW ALTITUDE STEADY-STATE IDLE MODE EMISSION
RESULTS FOR THE CATERPILLAR 3208 - RUN 1
ENGINE NO.
ENGINE MODEL 0 CftTERPIL 3208ft
ENGINE 10.4 L(636. CID) V-8
CVS NO. 11
TEST NO. LAI
DATE 5/16/89
TIME
DYNO NO. 4
RUN1
DIESEL EM-834-F
BAG CART NO. 2
BAROMETER 733.04 MM HGI28.86 IN HB)
DRY BULB TEMP. IEN6.) 32.2 DEB C190.0 DEB F)
RELATIVE HUMIDITY , EN6INE-56. PCT , CVS-58. PCT ENG. DEW PT. 72.0 DEG F
ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY (ENG.) 17.6 GM/K6(123.0 GRAINS/LB) NOX HUMIDITY C.F. 1.1427
BA6 RESULTS
BA6 NUMBER
TIME SECONDS
TOT. BLOWER RATE SCMM (SCFM)
TOT. 90W RATE SCMM (SCFN)
TOT. 20X20 RATE SCMM (SCFN)
TOT. AUX. SAMPLE RATE SCMM (SCFK)
TOTAL FLOW STD. CU. METRES(SCF)
1
900.2
55.76 ( 1968.7)
.04 ( 1.48)
.00 ( .0)
.00 ( .00)
837.2 < 29562.)
HC SAMPLE
HC BCK6RD
CO SAMPLE
CO BCKGRD
C02 SAMPLE
C02 BCKGRD
NOX SAMPLE
NOX BCKGRD
ICTER/RANGE/PPM
HETER/RflNGE/PPH
METER/RANGE/PPM
KETER/RAN6E/PPM
METER/RANGE/PCT
HETER/RANGE/PCT
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
12.6/41/ 12.60
1.8/41/ 1.80
18.5/12/ 18.32
.0/12/ .00
£5.0/14/ .0985
10.9/14/ .0357
4,6/43/ 11.60
.8/ 1/ .21
DILUTION FACTOR
HC CONCENTRATION PPM
CO CONCENTRATION PPM
CQ2 CONCENTRATION PCT
NOX CONCENTRATION PPM
131.98
10.81
17.94
.0630
11.05
HC MASS GRAMS
CO MASS GRAMS
CQ2 MASS 6RAMS
NOX MASS GRAMS
FUEL K6 (LB)
5.220
17,484
965.14
20.210
.317 (
.70)
PARTICULATE RESULTS, TOTAL FOR 1 BA6S
"~BOTH FILTERS USED FOR PARTICULATE*"
90m PARTICULATE RATES GRAMS/TEST 1.362
G/KG FUEL (G/LB FUEL) 4.30 ( 1.95)
FILTER EFF. 75.2
A-4
-------
TABLE A-4. LOW ALTITUDE STEADY-STATE INTERMEDIATE EMISSION
RESULTS FOR THE CATERPILLAR 3208 - RUN 1
ENGINE NO.
ENGINE MODEL 0 CATERPIL 320BA
ENGINE 10.* L(636. CID) V-B
CVS NO. £7
TEST NO. LA 1
DATE 5/16/89
TIME
DYNO NO. A
RUN1
DIESEL EM-834-F
BAG CART NO. £
BAROMETER 732.54 MM HG(26.64 IN HG)
DRV BULB TEMP. (ENG.) 33.3 DEB C(92.0 DEG F)
RELATIVE HUMIDITY , ENGINE-51. PCT
PCT ENG. DEW PT. 71.0 DEG F
ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY (ENG.) 17.0 GM/KGU1B.9 GRAINS/LB) NOX HUMIDITY C.F. 1.1289
BAG RESULTS
BAG NUMBER
TIME SECONDS
TOT. BLOWER RATE SCMM (SCFM)
TOT, 90HM RATE SCMM (SCFM)
TOT. 20X20 RATE SCMM (SCFM)
TOT. AUX. SAMPLE RATE SCMM (SCFM)
TOTAL FLOW STD. CU. METRES(SCF)
1
300.4
55.81
.04
.00
.00
838.2
1970.5)
1.47)
.0)
.00)
29595.)
iiC SAMPLE
nC BCKGRD
CO ShMPLE
CO BCKGRD
COd SAMPLE
C0£ BCKGRD
NOX SAMPLE
NOX BCKGRD
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PCT
METER/RANGE/PCT
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
20.8/41/ 20.81
3.0/41, 3.00
31.6/12/ 31.23
.0/12/ .00
82.2/14/ .6938
11.2/14/ .0369
39.2/43/ 93.06
.5/ 2/ .50
DILUTION FACTOR
HC CONCENTRATION PPM
CO CONCENTRATION PPM
C02 CONCENTRATION PCT
NOX CONCENTRATION PPM
19.01
17.97
30.30
.6649
94.32
Hi. MASS GRAMS
ca MASS GRAMS
CC2 MASS GRAMS
NOX MASS GRAMS
FUEL KG (LB)
rtW HR (HP HR)
B. 685
29.570
10194.4*
170.658
3.224 (
7.11)
12.61 ( 16.91)
BSHC G/KU HR (G/HP HR)
BSCO G/KU HR IE/HP HR)
BSC02 G/KW HR (G/HP HR)
BSNQX G/KW HR (G/HP HR)
BSFC KG/KW HR (LB/HP HR)
TOTAL TEST RESULTS 1 BAGS
TOTAL KW HR (HP HR)
BSHC G/KW HR (G/HP HR)
BSCO G/KW HR (G/HP HR)
BSCQ2 G/KW HR (G/HP HR)
BSNOX G/KW HR (G/HP HR)
12.61
.69
2.34
808.
13.53
16.91!
.51)
1.75)
603.)
10.09)
.69
2.34
808.45
13.53
.256
(CONTINUOUS)
(CONTINUOUS)
( .51)
( 1.75)
( 602.86)
( 10.09)
( . 420)
PARTICULATE RESULTS, TOTAL FOR 1 BAGS
~~~BOTH FILTERS USED FOR PARTICULATE*"
90HM PARTICULATE RATES
GRAMS/TEST
6/KWHR(G/HPHR>
G/KG FUEL (G/LB FUEL)
FILTER EFF.
4.204
.33 ( .25)
1.30 ( .59)
86.2
BSFC KG/KW HR (LB/HP HR) .256 1 .420)
A-5
-------
TABLE A-5. LOW ALTITUDE COLD-START TRANSIENT EMISSION
RESULTS FOR THE CATERPILLAR 3208 - RUN 2
ENGINE NO.
ENGINE MODEL 0 CATERP1L 3208A
ENGINE 10.4 L(636. CID) V-8
CVS NO. 37
TEST NO.LP 2
DATE 5/17/89
TIHE
DYNO NO. 4
RUN1
DIESEL EM-834-F
BAG CART NO. 5
BAROMETER 722.28 MM HG<28.83 IN HG)
DRY BULB TEMP. (ENG.) 26.1 DEG C(79.0 DEG F)
RELATIVE HUMIDITY , ENGINE-85. PCT , CVS-87. PCT ENG. DEW PT. 74.0 DEG F
ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY (ENG.) 18.9 6M/K6(132.0 GRAINS/LB) NOX HUMIDITY C.F. i.1740
BAG RESULTS
BAG NUMBER
DESCRIPTION
TIME SECONDS
TDT. BLOWER RATE SCNM ISCFM)
TOT. 90MM RATE SCMM (SCFM)
TOT. 20X20 RATE SCMM (SCFM)
TOT. hUX. SAMPLE RATE SCMM ISCFM)
"OTAL FLOW STD. CU. METRES(SCF)
1
NYNF
299.6
55.17
.04
,00
,00
275.7
1948.2)
1.45)
.0)
.00)
9736.)
2
IANF
297.3
55.46
.04
.00
.00
175.0
( 1958.2)
( 1.45)
( .0)
( .00)
( 9711.)
LAF
304.3
55.47 ( 1950.7)
.04 ( 1.45)
. 00 ( .0)
. 00 ( .00)
281.6 ( 9942.)
4
NYNF
312.2
55.66 ( 1965.4)
.04 ( 1.45)
.00 ( .0)
. 00 ( . 00)
289.9 (10235.)
HC 5AMPLE
hC BCKGRD
CO SAMPLE
CO BCKGRD
C02 SAMPLE
CQ2 BCKGRD
NOX SAMPLE
NOX BCKGRD
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PCT
METER/RANGE/PCT
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
21.8/42/ 43.61
3.3/42/ 6.60
88.2/12/ 88.39
.1/12/ .10
54.9/14/ .3195
11.6/14/ .0384
12.4/43/ 31.12
.3/2/ .30
18.4/42/ 36.79
3.3/42/ 6.60
76.0/12/ 75.84
.2/12/ .20
61.5/14/ .3908
12.0/14/ .0399
16.2/43/ 40.56
.5/
.50
14.4/42/ 28.75
3.3/42/ 6.60
41.7/13/ 96.64
.0/13/ .00
36.6/14/ .7894
11.8/14/ .0391
41.3/43/103.26
.6/ 2/ .60
5.4/42/ 10.88
3.3/42/ 6.60
32.0/12/ 31.48
.0/12/ .00
50.6/14/ .2783
12.0/14/ .0399
14.0/43/ 35.05
.5/ 2/
,30
DILUTION FACTOR 40.31 33.35 16.72 47.45
HC CONCENTRATION PPM 37. 18 30.39 22.55 4.42
CO CONCENTRATION PPM 85.26 72.94 92.45 30.42
C02 CONCENTRATION PCT .2821 .3521 .7526 .2392
NOX CONCENTRATION PPM 29.77 38.68 98.77 33.39
-C "ASS GRAMS
CO MASS GRAMS
C02 MASS GRAMS
NOX MASS GRAMS
FUEL KG (LB)
KU HR (HP HR)
5.911
27.368
1422.83
18.431
.466
1.19
1.03)
1.59)
4.819
23.352
1771.31
23.882
.573 (
1.79 I
1.26)
2.40)
3.661
30.302
3876.63
62.436
1.236 ( 2.72)
5.38 ( 7.22)
.739
10.267
1268.41
21.729
.404 (
1.21 (
.89)
1.62)
BSHC G/KU HR IG/HP HR)
4.93 1
3.72)
2.69
1 2.01)
.68 I
1 .51)
.61 1
.46)
BSCO G/KU HR (G/HP HR)
23.08 1
: 17.21)
13.05
1 9.73)
5.63 l
I 4.20)
8.50 1
1 6.34)
BSC02 G/KW HR IG/HP HR)
1200.03 1
: 894.86)
989.74
( 738.05)
720.03 1
1 536.93)
1049.98 I
! 782.97)
BSNOX G/KU HR (S/HP HR)
15.55 1
: 11.59)
13.34
( 9.95)
11.60 1
I 8.65)
17.99 1
! 13.41)
BSFC KS/KU HR (LB/HP HR)
.393 1
: .646)
.320
( .526)
.230 1
: .377)
.335 1
.550)
TOTAL TEST RESULTS 4 BAGS PARTICULATE RESULTS, TOTAL FOR 4 BAGS
~"BOTH FILTERS USED FOR PARTICULATE"#
TOTAL KW HR (HP HR)
9.57 (
12.83)
90m PARTICULATE RATES
GRAKS/TEST
8.419
BSHC G/KU HR (G/HP HR)
1.58 (
1.18)
(CONTINUOUS)
6/KUHft(G/HPHR)
.89 ( .67)
BSCO 6/KU HR (6/HP HR)
9.54 (
7.12)
6/K6 FUEL (6/LB FUEL)
2.61 ( 1.19)
BSC02 G/KU HR (G/HP HR)
872. (
650.)
FILTER EFF.
90.4
BSNOX G/KU HR (G/HP HR)
13.22 (
9.86)
(CONTINUOUS)
BSFC KG/KW HR (LB/HP HR)
.280 (
.460)
A-6
-------
TABLE A-6. LOW ALTITUDE HOT-START TRANSIENT EMISSION
RESULTS FOR THE CATERPILLAR 3208 - RUN 2
ENGINE NO.
ENGINE MODEL .> CflTERPIl 3208A
ENGINE 10.4 L(636. CID) V-8
CVS NO. 27
BAROMETER 733.SI MM HG(28.89 IN HG)
DRY BULB TEMP. (ENG.) £5.6 DEB C(7B.O DE6 F)
TEST NQ.Lfi 1
DATE Zi17/89
TIME
DYNO NO. t
RUN1
DIESEL EM-834-f
BAG CART ND. £
RELATIVE HUMIDITY , ENGINE-76. PCT , CVS-79. PCT ENG. DEW PT. 70.0 DEG F
ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY (ENG.) 16.4 GM/KG1114.6 GRAINS/LB) NOX HUMIDITY C.F. 1.1148
BAG RESULTS
BAG NUMBER
DESCRIPTION
TIME SECONDS
TOT. BLOWER RATE SCMM (SCFM)
TOT. 90MM RATE SCMM (SCFM)
rOT. 20X20 RATE SCMM (SCFM)
TOT. hUX. SAMPLE RATE SCMM (SCFM)
TOTAL FLOW STD. CU. METRES(SCF)
1
NYNF
£9 7.5
55.20 ( 1349.2)
.04 ( 1.43)
.00 ( .u)
. 00 ( .00)
273.3 > ;673.)
LANF
299.6
55.48 ( 1959.0)
.04 ( 1.43)
.00 ( .0)
.00 I .00)
l:77.2 ( 3790.)
J
LAF
307.0
55.44 ( 1957.5)
.04 ( 1.43)
.00
.00
283.9 i
.0)
. JO)
0024.)
4
NYNF
308.7
55.44 ( 1957.6)
.04 ( 1.43)
.00 ( .0)
.00 ! .00)
£35.5 (10080.)
HC SAMPLE METER/RANGE/PPM
HC BCKGRD METER/RANGE/PPM
CO SAMPLE METER/RANGE/PPM
CO BCKGRD METER/RANGE/PPM
COS SAMPLE METER/RANGE/PCT
C02 BCKGRD METER/RANGE/PCT
NOX SAMPLE METER/RANGE/PPM
NQX BCKGRD METER/RANGE/PPM
16.9/41/ 16.88
5.0/41/ 5.00
35.6/12/ 35.01
.0/12/ .00
53.0/14/ .3008
15.4/14/ .u535
13.3/43/ 33.27
.6/2/ . &0
14.0/41/
5.0/41/
3.97
5.00
52
.2/12/ .20
S4.0/14/ .4206
14.3/14/ .0490
16.6/43/ 41.45
. ;'/ 2/ .71
27.0/41/ 26.96
5.0/41/ 5.00
89.4/127 89.62
.5/12/ .51
94.2/14/ .9753
14.6/14/ .0502
42.4/43/105.87
1.0/ 2/ 1.01
15.1/41/ 15.11
5.0/41/ 5.00
30.4/12/ 29.92
.5/12/ .51
51.4/14/ .2057
14.4/14/ .0494
13.9/43/ 34.86
.8/ 2/ .31
DILUTION FACTOR 43.81 31.25 13.53 46.20
HC CONCENTRATION PPM 12.00 19. 13 22.33 10.22
CO CONCENTRATION PPM 33.92 58.30 85.20 28.51
CQ2 CONCENTRATION PCT .2485 .3732 .9288 .2373
SOX CONCENTRATION PPM 31.73 33.53 101.25 33.08
HC MASS GRAMS
CO MASS SRAMS
C02 MASS GRAMS
NOX MASS GRAMS
FUEL KG (LB)
KW HR (HP HR)
1.896
10.816
1245.33
18.530
.398 (
1.16 (
.88)
1.56)
3.059
18.818
1892.74
23.387
.607 (
1.79 (
1.34)
2.40)
3.655
28.156
4823.38
61.276
1.532 (
5.42 (
3.38)
7.27)
1.632
9.474
1239.35
20.134
.396 I
1.17
( 1
.37)
7)
BSHC S/KH HR (G/HP HR) 1.63 ( 1.22) 1.711 1.27) .67 ( .50) 1.44 ( 1.07)
BSCO G/KW HR (G/HP HR) 9.30 ( 6.93) 10.511 7.84) 5. 19 ( 3.87) 8.09 1 6.03)
BSC02 G/KW HR (G/HP HR) 1070.52 ( 798.29) 1057.58 I 788.64) 889.72 ( 663.46) 1058.60 ( 7B9.39)
BSNOX G/KW HR (G/HP HR) 15.93 1 11.88) 13.06 1 9.74) 11.30 ( 8.43) 17.20 1 12.82)
BSFC KG/KW HR (LB/HP HR) .342 1 .563) .339 1 .557) .283 ( .465) .338 1 .555)
TOTAL TEST RESULTS 4 BAGS PARTICULATE RESULTS, TOTAL FDR 4 BA6S
WBOTH FILTERS USED FOR PARTICULATE***
TOTAL KW HR (HP HR)
9.54 (
12.80)
90MM PARTICULATE RATES
GRftMS/TEST
7.720
BSHC G/KW HR (G/HP HR)
1.08 (
.80)
(CONTINUOUS)
G/KUHR(G/HPHR)
.82 ( .62)
BSCO G/KW HR (G/HP HR)
7.05 (
5.25)
G/KG FUEL (6/LB FUEL)
2.48 ( 1.12)
BSC02 G/KU HR (G/W» HR)
%4. (
719.)
FILTER EFF.
94.5
BSNOX G/KU HR (G/HP HR)
12.92 (
9.63)
(CONTINUOUS)
BSFC KG/KU HR (LB/HP HR)
.307 (
.505)
A-7
-------
TABLE A-7. LOW ALTITUDE STEADY-STATE IDLE MODE EMISSION
RESULTS FOR THE CATERPILLAR 3208 - RUN 2
cNGINE NO.
ENGINE MODEL 0 CATERPIL 32080
ENGINE 10.4 L(636. CID) V-fl
:vs NO. 27
TEST NO.Lfl 2.
DATE 5/17/89
TIME
DYNO NO. 4
RUN1
DIESEL EM-834-F
BAG CART NO. £
BAROMETER 732.54 MM HG<28.84 IN H6)
DRY BULB TEMP. (ENS.) £6.7 DE6 C(80.0 DEG F)
RELATIVE HUMIDITY , ENGINE-69. PCT . CVS-68. PCT ENG. DEW PT. 69.0 DEG F
ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY (ENG.) 15.8 GM/K6U10.9 GRAINS/LB) NOX HUMIDITY C.F. 1.1028
BAG RESULTS
BAG NUMBER
TIME SECONDS
TOT. BLOWER RATE SCMM (SCFM)
TOT. 90MM RATE SCMM (SCFM)
TOT. 20X20 RATE SCMM (SCFM)
TOT. ftUX. SAMPLE RATE SCMM (SCFM)
TOTAL FLOW STD. CU. METRES(SCF)
1
900.4
55.73
.04
.00
.00
837.0
( 1968.0)
( 1.44)
I .0)
( .00)
( 23556.)
iC 5AMPLE
HC BCK6RD
CO SAMPLE
CO BCKGRD
C02 SAMPLE
C02 BCKGRD
NOX SAMPLE
NOX BCKGRD
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PCT
METER/RANGE/PCT
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
13.4/41/ 13.35
1.4/41/ 1.40
20.5/12/ 20.27
.0/12/ .00
57.8/12/ .1135
29.1/12/ .0476
4.8/43/ 11.99
.5/ 1/ .13
DILUTION FACTOR
HC CONCENTRATION PPM
CO CONCENTRATION PPM
C02 CONCENTRATION PCT
NOX CONCENTRATION PPM
114.73
11.96
19.78
.0663
11.55
HC MASS GRAMS
TO I'hSS GRAMS
332 MASS GRAMS
NOX MASS GRAMS
-UEL KG (LB)
5.772
19.273
1015.88
20.393
.334 (
74)
PARTICULATE RESULTS, TOTAL FOR I BAGS
"~BOTH FILTERS USED FOR PARTICULATE"*
90W PARTICULATE RATES GRAMS/TEST 1.223
G/K8 FUEL IG/LB FUEL) 3.66 ( 1.66)
FILTER EFF. 74.9
A-8
-------
TABLE A-8. LOW ALTITUDE STEADY-STATE INTERMEDIATE EMISSION
RESULTS FOR THE CATERPILLAR 3208 - RUN 2
ENGINE NO.
EN6INE MODEL 0 CftTERPIL 3208A
ENGINE 10.4 1(636. CID) V-8
CVS NO. 27
TEST NO. LA 2
DATE 5/17/89
TIME
DYNO NO. 4
RUN1
DIESEL EM-834-F
BAG CART NO. £
BAROMETER 733.30 MM HG(28.87 IN HGi
DRV BULB TEMP. (ENG.) 28.3 DEG C(83.0 DEG F)
RELATIVE HUMIDITY , ENGINE-65. PCT , CVS-79. PCT ENG. DEW PI. 70.0 DEG F
ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY (ENG.) 16.4 GM/KG(114.7 GRAINS/LB) NOX HUMIDITY C.F. 1.1151
BAG RESULTS
BAG NUMBER
TIME SECONDS
TOT. BLOWER RATE SCMM (SCFM)
TOT. 90MM RATE SCMM (SCFM)
TOT. £0X20 RATE SCMM (SCFM)
TOT. fiUX. SAMPLE RATE SCMM (SCFM)
TOTAL FLOW SID. CU. METRES(SCF)
1
900.6
55.63 ( 1964.A!
.04
.00 (
.00 (
835.7 i
( 1.43)
.0)
.00)
29503.)
hC SAMPLE
HC BCKGRD
CO SAMPLE
CO BCKGRD
C02 SAMPLE
C02 BCKGRD
NOX SAMPLE
NOX BCKGRD
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
HETER/RANGE/PCT
METER/RANGE/PCT
METER/RANGE/PPM
HETER/RANGE/PPM
20.2/41/ 20. 18
1.7/41/ 1.70
31.1/12/ 30.60
.0/12/ .00
82.6/14/ .7075
11.9/14/ .0395
42.0/43/104.91
.2/ 3/ .50
DILUTION FACTOR
HC CONCENTRATION PPM
Cu CONCENTRATION PPM
Cu2' CONCENTRATION PCT
NOX CONCENTRATION PPM
18.81
18.57
29.41
.6701
101.04
HC MASS GRAMS
CO MASS GRAMS
CQ2 MASS 6RAMS
NOX MASS GRAMS
FUEL KG (LB)
KW HR (HP HR)
8.951
2B.609
10244.16
180.064
3.240 (
12.62 (
7.14)
16.92)
BSHC 6/KW HR (B/HP HR)
BSCO G/KW HR (G/HP HR)
BSC02 6/KW HR (B/HP HR)
BSNOX 6/KW HR (G/HP HR)
BSFC KG/KW HR (LB/HP HR)
.71
2.27
1.69)
811.92 ( 605.45)
14.27 ( 10.64)
.257 ( . 422)
TOTAL TEST RESULTS 1 BAGS
TOTAL KW HR (HP HR) 12.62 ( 16.921
BSHC G/KW HR (G/HP HR) .71 ( .53) (CONTINUOUS)
BSCO G/KW HR (G/HP HR) 2.27 I 1.69)
BSC02 G/KW HR (G/HP HR) 812. ! 605.)
BSNOX G/KW HR (G/HP HR) 14.27 ( 10.64) (CONTINUOUS)
BSFC K6/KW HR (LB/HP HR) .257 ( .422)
PARTICULATE RESULTS, TOTAL FOR 1 BAGS
"~BOTH FILTERS USED FOR PARTICULATE***
9QMM PARTICULATE RATES
SRftMS/TEST
S/KWHR(6/H"HR)
G/KG FUEL (G/LB FUEL)
FILTER EFF.
4.220
.33 ( .25)
1.30 ( .59)
94.5
A-9
-------
TABLE A-9. HIGH ALTITUDE COLD-START TRANSIENT EMISSION
RESULTS FOR THE CATERPILLAR 3208 - RUN 1
ENGINE NO.
ENGINE MODEL 0 CATERPIL 3208A
ENGINE 10.4 L(636. C1D) V-8
CVS NO. 27
TEST NO. HA 1
DATE 5/25/69
TIME
DYNO NO. 4
RUN1
DIESEL EM-634-f
BA6 CART NO. £
BAROMETER 735.08 MM HG(28.94 IN HG)
DRV BULB TEMP. (ENG.) 26.7 DEG C(B0.0 DEG F)
RELATIVE HUMIDITY , EN6INE-74. PCT , CVS-59. PCT ENG. DEW PT. 71.0 DEG F
ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY (ENG.) 16.9 6M/K6(118.5 GRfllNS/LG) NOX HUMIDITY C.F. 1.1275
BAG RESULTS
BAG NUMBER
DESCRIPTION
TIME SECONDS
TOT. BLOWER RATE SCMM (SCFM)
TOT. 90MM RATE SCMM (SCFM)
T0T. £0X£0 RATE SCMM (SCFM)
~CT. AUX. SAMPLE RATE SCUM (SCFM)
TCThL FLOW STD. CU. METRES(BCFj
j 11
.02
.00
.00
£65. i
1
NYNF
2%. 2
72 ( 2038.2)
( .75)
i .0)
I .00)
i 10066.;
2
LANF
299.7
56.78 ( 2005.0)
. (>£ ( . 75)
.00 ( .0)
.00 ( .00)
£83.8 (10019.)
4
LAF
305.3
56.56 ( 1997.0)
.02 i .75)
.00 ( .0)
.00 t .00)
dB7.'i (10166.)
4
NYNF
311.3
56.02 ( 1977.9)
.02 ( .75)
.00 i .0)
. 00 . 001
290.3 (10267. .¦
HZ SAMPLE
HC bckgrd
CO SAMPLE
CO BCKGRD
C02 SAMPLE
C02 BCKGRD
NOX SAMPLE
NOX BCKGRD
METER/RANGE/PPM
NETER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RAN6E/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
MtTER/RANGE/PCT
METER/RANGE/PCT
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
56.0/42/111.84
3.8/42/ 7.60
50.5/14/224.62
.2/14/ .81
82.5/13/ .3379
16.0/13/ .0364
8.8/43/ £1.99
1.4/ 1/ .37
51.2/42/102.37
3.8/42/ 7.60
73.7/13/177.26
.1/13/ .23
95.6/13/ .4433
16.2/13/ .0369
12.1/43/ 30.26
.2/ 2/ .20
£7.8/42/ 55.62
2.8/42/ 7.60
64.4/14/298.27
.1/14/ .40
56.8/ 1/1.0419
2.2/ 1/ .0388
39.2/43/ 97.97
.5/ 2/ .50
£7.0/42/ 53.99
3.8/42/ 7.60
48.5/13/113.14
.0/13/ .00
73.1/13/ .2752
16.0/13/ .0364
11.5/43/ 28.79
.2/ 2/ .20
DILUTION FACTOR
HC CONCENTRATION PPM
CO CONCENTRATION PPM
CQ2 CONCENTRATION PCT
NOX CONCENTRATION PPM
36.12
*****
218.08
.3025
21.03
28.47
95.05
172.13
.4077
29. £1
12.45
48.64
2B6.19
1.0062
94.17
45.95
46.56
110.37
.23%
27.82
HC MASS GRAMS
CO MASS GRAMS
C02 MASS GRAMS
NOX MASS GRAMS
FUEL KG (LB)
KW HR (HP HR)
17.171
72.377
1577.84
12.926
.546 (
.97 (
1.21)
1.30)
15.551
56.861
2116.14
17.869
.708 (
1.65 (
1.56)
2.21)
8.074
95.924
5299.75
58.458
1.720 (
5.29 (
3.79)
7.09)
7.807
37.358
1274.51
17.438
.426 (
1.14 (
.94)
1.53)
BSHC G/KW HR (6/HP HR)
BSCO G/KW HR (G/HP HR)
BSC02 G/KW HR (6/HP HR)
BSNOX G/KW HR (6/HP HR)
BSFC KG/KW HR (LB/HP HR)
17.71 ( 13.21) 9.44 ( 7.04) 1.53 ( 1.14) 6.84 ( 5.10)
74.66 ( 55.67 ) 34.50 ( 25.73) 18.14 ( 13.53) 32.74 ( 24.42)
1627.63 (1213.72) 1284.07 ( 957.53) 1002.41 ( 747.50) 1117.09 I 833.02)
13.33 ( 9.94) 10.84 ( 8.09) 11.06 ( 8.25) 15.28 ( 11.40)
.566 ( .930) .430 ( .706) .325 ( .535) .374 ( .614)
TOTAL TEST RESULTS 4 BAGS
TOTAL KW HR (HP HR) 9.05
BSHC G/KU HR (G/HP HR) 5.37
BSCO S/KW HR (G/HP HR) 29.02
BSC02 G/KW HR (G/HP HR) 1135.
BSNOX G/KW HR (G/HP HR) 11.80
BSFC KG/KW HR (LB/HP HR) .376
12.13)
4.01)
21.64)
847.)
8.80)
.618)
(CONTINUOUS)
(CONTINUOUS)
PARTICULATE RESULTS, TOTAL FOR 4 BAGS
"~BOTH FILTERS USED FOR PARTICULATE"*
90MM PARTICULATE RATES GRAMS/TEST
G/KHHR(6/HPHR)
G/KG FUEL (6/LB FUEL)
FILTER EFF.
A-10
18.724
2.07 ( 1.54)
5.50 ! 2.50)
93.0
-------
TABLE A-1Q. HIGH ALTITUDE HOT-START TRANSIENT EMISSION
RESULTS FOR THE CATERPILLAR 3208 - RUN 1
ENGINE NO.
ENGINE MODEL o CATERPIL 3208A
ENGINE 10.A L(636. CID) V-6
CVS NO. 27
TEST NO. HA 1
DATE 5/25/89
TINE
DYNO NO. 4
RUN 1
DIESEL EM-834-f
BAG CART NO. 2
BAROMETER 760.22 MM HG(29.93 IN HG)
DRY BULB TEMP. IEN6.) 27.2 DEB CI81.0 DEB F)
RELATIVE HUMIDITY , ENGINE-62. PCT , CVS-53. PCT ENG. DEW PT. 66.8 DEG F
ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY (ENG.) 14.1 GM/K6( 98.8 BRAINS/LB) NOX HUMIDITY C.F. 1.0658
BAG RESULTS
BAG NUMBER
DESCRIPTION
TIME SECONDS
TOT. BLOWER RATE SCMM (SCFM)
TOT. 90MM RATE SCMM (SCFM)
TOT. £0X20 RATE SCMM (SCFM)
TOT. AUX. SAMPLE RATE SCMM (SCFM)
TOTAL FLOW STD. Co. METRES(SCFi
1
NYNF
2%. 7
57.32
.02
.00
.00
£B2.5
2023.9)
.69)
.0)
.00)
10012..
c
LANF
300.2
56.51
.02
.00
.00
1995.5)
.69)
.0)
.00)
282.9 i 9988.)
3
LAF
301.6
56.02 ( 1977.9)
.02 ( .69)
.00 ( .0)
.00 i .00)
£81.7 i 9946. i
4
NYNF
311.0
56.47 ( 1994.1)
.02 ( .69 i
.00 ( .01
.00 \ .00)
£92.6 (lu340. /
HC SAMPLE
HC BCKGRD
CO SAMPLE
CO BCKGRD
C02 SAMPLE
C02 BCKGRD
NOX SAMPLE
NOX BCX6RD
MET E R/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RAN6E/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PCT
METER/RANGE/PCT
METER/RANGE/PPM
NETER/RANGE/PPM
30.9/42/ 61.70
2.2/42/ 4.40
69.9/13/167.27
.3/13/ .69
52.6/14/ .2970
10.9/14/ .0357
11.2/43/ £8.02
.3/ 2/ . 30
42.9/42/ 85.71
2.2/42/ 4.40
62.1/14/285.69
.1/14/ .40
65.3/14/ .4368
11.0/14/ .0361
13.6/42/ 33.93
.3/ 2/ .30
28.6/42/ 57.26
2.2/42/ 4.40
83.1/14/404.90
.3/14/ 1.21
60.5/ 1/1.1111
2.3/ 1/ .0406
38.2/43/ 95.59
.5/ 2/ .50
28.1/42/ 56.18
2.2/42/ 4.40
65.8/13/156.62
.2/13/ .46
74.8/13/ .2859
16.2/13/ .0369
11.3/43/ 28.24
.2/ 2/ .20
DILUTION FACTOR
HC CONCENTRATION PPM
CO CONCENTRATION PPM
C02 CONCENTRATION PCT
NOX CONCENTRATION PPM
41.94
57.40
162.79
.2621
27.04
28.32
81.47
278.00
. 4020
/ &
11.59
53.24
388.19
1.0740
92.07
43.68
il.f
152.63
.2496
£7.35
HC MASS GRAMS
CO MASS GRAMS
COS MASS GRAMS
NOX MASS GRAMS
FUEL KG (LB)
KU HR (HP HR)
9.335
53.735
1359.54
15.628
.463 (
1.15 (
1.02)
1.54)
13.289
91.549
2080.09
18.891
.712 (
1.72 (
1.57)
2.30)
8.648
127.302
5534.81
52.862
1.809 (
5.22 (
3.99)
7.00)
8.760
52.035
1338.31
16.326
.455 (
1.14 (
1.00)
1.53)
BSHC 6/KW HR CG/HP HR)
BSCO G/KW HR (S/HP HR)
BSCG2 G/KU HR (G/HP HR)
BSNOX G/KW HR (6/HP HR)
BSFC KG/KW HR (LB/HP HR)
8.17 ( 6.09)
46.79 ( 34.89)
1183.88 ( 882.82)
13.61 ( 10.15)
.403 ( .663)
7.75 ( 5.78)
53.38 ( 39.80)
1212.80 ( 904.39)
11.01 ( 8.21)
.415 ( .682)
1.66 ( 1.24)
24.39 ( IB.19)
1060.33 ( 790.69)
10.13 ( 7.55)
.347 ( .570)
7.68 ( 5.73)
45.61 ( 34.01)
1173.01 ( 874.71)
14.31 ( 10.67)
.399 ( .655)
TOTAL TEST RESULTS 4 BAGS
TOTAL KU HR (HP HR)
BSHC 6/KW HR (6/HP HR)
BSCO 6/KU HR (6/HP HR)
BSC02 G/KU HR (G/HP HR)
BSNOX G/KU HR (6/HP HR)
BSFC KG/KU HR (LB/HP HR)
9.22 ( 12.37)
4.35 ( 3.24)
35.19 ( 26.24)
1118. ( 834.)
11.24 ( 8.38)
.373 i .613)
(CONTINUOUS)
(CONTINUOUS)
PARTICULATE RESULTS, TOTAL FOR 4 BA6S
»**BOTH FILTERS USED FOR PARTICULATE***
90WI PARTICULATE RATES GRAMS/TEST
S/KWHR(6/HPHR)
6/K6 FUEL (6/LB FUEL)
FILTER EFF.
A-11
16.250
1.76 ( 1.31)
4.73 ( 2.14)
93.6
-------
TABLE A-ll. HIGH ALTITUDE STEADY-STATE IDLE MODE EMISSION
RESULTS FOR THE CATERPILLAR 3208 - RUN 1
ENGINE NO.
EN6INE MODEL 0 CATERPIL 3206A
ENGINE 10.4 LI636. CID) V-8
CVS NO. 27
TEST NO. HA 1
DATE 5/24/89
TIME
DYNO NO. 4
RUN1
DIESa EM-834-f
BAG CART NO. 2
BAROMETER 735.33 MM HG128.95 IN H6)
DRY BULB TEMP. (ENS.) 27.fi DEG C182.0 DE6 F)
RELATIVE HUMIDITY , EN6INE-63. PCT , CVS-54. PCT ENG. DEW PT. 68.0 DEG F
ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY (ENG.) 15.2 6M/KG(106.6 GRAINS/LB) NDX HUMIDITY C.F. 1.0895
BAG RESULTS
BAG NUMBER
TINE SECONDS
TOT. BLOWER RATE SCMM (SCFM)
TOT. 90MM RATE SOW (SCFM)
TOT. 20X20 RATE SCMM (SCFM)
TOT. AUX. SAMPLE RATE SCUM (SCFM)
TOTAL FLOW STD. CU. METRES(SCF)
1
900.0
57.89 ( 2044.0)
.02
.00
.00
868.7
.74)
.0)
.00)
30674.)
HC SAMPLE
HC BCK6RD
CO SAMPLE
CO BCKGRD
C02 SAMPLE
C02 BCKGRD
NQX SAMPLE
NQX BCKGRD
METER/RANGE/PPN
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RAN6E/PPM
METER/RANGE/PCT
METER/RANGE/PCT
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
23.9/41/ 23.91
1109
£9.8/12/ 29.33
.0/12/ .00
23.6/14/ .0913
10.7/14/ .0350
3.8/43/ 9.40
.6/ 1/ .16
DILUTION FACTOR
HC CONCENTRATION PPM
CO CONCENTRATION PPM
C02 CONCENTRATION PCT
NOX CONCENTRATION PPM
HC MASS GRAMS
CO MASS 6RAMS
C02 MASS GRAMS
NQX MASS GRAMS
FUEL KG (LB)
138.78
10.11
28,77
.0566
9.01
29.033
898.70
16.306
.302 (
%
7-4
Jrtitt-
.66)
PARTICULATE RESULTS, TOTAL FOR 1 BAGS
mBOTH FILTERS USED FOR PARTICULATE***
90m PARTICULATE RATES GRAMS/TEST 1.886
6/K6 FUEL (G/LB FUEL) 6.25 ( 2.84)
FILTER EFF. 73.0
A-12
-------
TABLE A-12. HIGH ALTITUDE STEADY-STATE INTERMEDIATE EMISSION
RESULTS FOR THE CATERPILLAR 3208 - RUN 1
ENGINE NO.
ENSI ft MODEL 0 CATERPIL 3208A
ENGINE 10.4 L (636. CID) V-B
CVS NO. 27
TEST NO. HA 1
DATE 5/24/89
TIME
DYNO NO. 4
RUN1
DIESa EM-834-f
BAG CART NO. 2
BAROMETER 735.84 MM HG128.97 IN H6>
DRY BULB TEMP. (ENG.) 27.8 DEG C(82.0 DEG F)
RELATIVE HUMIDITY , ENGINE-67. PCT , CVS-52. PCT ENG. DEW PT. 70.0 DE6 F
ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY (ENG.) 16.3 GM/KGU14.3 BRAINS/LB) NQX HUMIDITY C.F. 1.1138
BAG RESULTS
BAG NUMBER
TIME SECONDS
TOT. BLOWER RATE SC»I (SCFM)
TOT. 90MM RATE SCMM (SCFM)
TOT. 20X20 RATE SCMM (SCFM)
TOT. AUX. SAMPLE RATE SOW (SCFM)
TOTAL FLOW STD. CU. METREStSCF)
900.0
59.35
.03
.00
.00
890.7
2095.7)
.88)
.0)
.00)
31452.)
HC SAMPLE
HC BCK6RD
CO SAMPLE
CO BCKGRD
C02 SAMPLE
C02 BCKGRD
NQX SA*>LE
NOX BCKGRD
METER/RANGE/PPM
HETER/RANGE/PPM
ICTER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PCT
METER/RANGE/PCT
ICTER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
33.4/41/ 33.36
6.3/41/ 6.30
33.3/12/ 32.75
.0/12/ .00
80.6/14/ .6698
11.2/14/ .0369
42.6/43/106.58
.5/ 3/ 1.25
DILUTION FACTOR
HC CONCENTRATION PPM
CO CONCENTRATION PPM
COS CONCENTRATION PCT
NOX CONCENTRATION PPN
19.B1
27.38
31.78
.6348
102.04
HC MASS BRAMS
CO MASS GRAMS
C02 MASS GRAMS
NQX MASS GRAMS
FUEL KB (LB)
KU HR (HP HR)
14.062
32.951
10344.13
193.591
3.278
12.28
7.23)
16.47)
BSHC 6/KU HR (G/HP HR)
BSCO fi/KH HR (G/HP HR)
BSC02 6/KU HR (G/HP HR)
BSNOX 6/KU HR (6/H> HR)
BSFC K6/KU HR (LB/HP HR)
TOTAL TEST RESULTS 1 BAGS
TOTAL KU HR (HP HR)
BSHC 6/KU HR (6/HP HR)
BSCO 6/KU HR (G/HP HR)
BSCQ2 6/KU HR (G/HP HR)
BSNOX G/KU HR (6/HP HR)
12.2B (
1.14 (
2.68 (
842. (
15.76 (
16.47)
.85)
2.00)
628.)
11.75)
1.14
2.68
.85)
2.00)
842.24 ( 628.06)
15.76 ( 11.75)
.267 ( .439)
PARTICULATE RESULTS, TOTAL FOR 1 BAGS
««BQTH FILTERS USED FOR PARTICULATE"*
90MM PARTICULATE RATES
(CONTINUOUS)
(CONTINUOUS)
6RAHS/TEST
6/KWHR(B/HPHR)
6/K6 FUEL (G/LB FUEL)
FILTER EFF.
11.823
.96 ( .72)
3.61 ( 1.64)
92.7
BSFC K6/KU HR (LB/HP HR) .267 ( .439)
A-13
-------
TABLE A-13. HIGH ALTITUDE COLD-START TRANSIENT EMISSION
RESULTS FOR THE CATERPILLAR 3208 - RUN 2
ENGINE NO.
ENGINE MODEL 0 CATERPIL 3206ft
ENGINE 10.4 L1636. CID) V-8
CVS NO. 27
BAROCTER 737.62 MM H6(29.04 IN H6)
DRY BULB TEMP. (ENG.) 27.2 DE6 CIB1.0 DE6 F)
TEST NO. HA 2
DATE 5/26/89
THE
DYNO NO. 4
RUN1
DIESEL EM-834-f
BA6 CART NO. 2
RELATIVE HUMIDITY , EN6INE-63. PCT , CVS-51. PCT ENG. DEH PT. 67.0 DEG F
ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY (ENG.) 14.7 GM/K6(102.6 GRAINS/LB) NOX HUMIDITY C.F. 1.0773
BAG RESULTS
BA6 NUMBER
DESCRIPTION
TIME SECONDS
TOT. BLOWER RATE SCW (SCFM)
TOT. 90W RATE SCW (SCFM)
TOT. 20X20 RATE SOU (SCFM)
TOT. AUX. SAMPLE RATE SCNM (SCFM)
TOTAL FLOU STD. CU. METRES(SCF)
1
NYlf
2%.0
58.06 ( 2050.0)
.02 ( .76)
.00 ( .0)
. 00 ( .00)
286.5 ( 10117.)
2
LANF
301.2
57.13 ( 2017.3)
.02 ( .76)
.00 ( .0)
.00 ( .00)
286.9 (10131.)
3
LAF
304.9
57.02 ( 2013.2)
.02 ( .76)
.00 ( .0)
.00 ( .00)
289.8 (10234.)
4
NYNF
311.3
56.99 ( 2012.2)
.02 ( .76)
.00 ( .0)
.00 ( .00)
295.8 (10444.)
HC SAWLE
HC BCKGRD
CO SAMPLE
CO BCKGRD
C02 SAWLE
C02 BCKGRD
NOX SAWLE
NOX BCKGRD
*TER/RflNGE/PPM
METER/RflNGE/PPM
PETER/RflNGE/PPM
METER/RflNGE/PPM
METER/RflNGE/PCT
METER/RflNGE/PCT
METER/RflNGE/PPM
METER/RflNGE/PPM
60.4/42/120.77
5.2/42/ 10.39
65.1/13/154.82
.0/13/ .00
81.2/13/ .3287
15.8/13/ .0359
91.5/ 1/ 22.86
.0/ 1/ .00
58.8/42/117.53
5.2/42/ 10.39
67.0/13/159.73
.2/13/ .46
65.8/14/ .4431
10.9/14/ .0357
29.1/ 2/ 29.15
.2/ 2/ .20
40.8/42/ 81.56
5.2/42/ 10.39
58.3/14/265.25
.0/14/ .00
96.4/14/1.0385
11.0/14/ .0361
83.0/ 2/ 82.99
.5/ 2/ .50
40.0/42/
5.2/42/
41.6/13/
.0/13/
70.8/13/
16.1/13/
23.8/ 2/
.1/ 2/
79.88
10.39
96.40
.00
.2612
.0366
23.86
.10
DILUTION FACTOR
HC CONCENTRATION PPM
CO CONCENTRATION PPM
C02 CONCENTRATION PCT
NOX CONCENTRATION PPM
37.65
28.48
151.27
.2938
22.86
155.27
.4087
28.95
12.50
72.00
255.53
1.0052
82.53
48.10
69.71
94.31
.2253
23.76
HC MASS 6RAMS
CO MASS GRAMS
COS MASS 6RAMS
NOX MASS 6RAMS
FUEL K6 (LB)
KW HR (HP HR)
18.281
50.457
1539.82
13.492
.527
1.16
1.16)
1.55)
17.786
51.864
2144.98
17.115
.717 (
1.72 (
1.58)
2.30)
12.033
86.224
5330.18
49.277
1.728 (
5.29 (
3.61)
7.10)
11.888
32.475
1219.14
14.479
(
.411
1.16 (
.91)
1.55)
BSHC 6/KU HR (G/rt> HR)
15.82
( 11.79)
10.37 (
7.73)
2.27 (
1.69)
10.29 (
7.67)
BSCO 6/KU HR (G/HP HR)
43.65
( 32.55)
30.24 (
22.55)
16.29 (
12.14)
28.10 (
20.95)
BSC02 G/KW HR (6/HP HR)
1332.21
( 993.43)
1250.64 (
932.60)
1006.75 (
750.73)
1054.77 (
786.55)
BSNOX 6/KU HR (6/HP HR)
11.67
( 8.70)
9.98 (
7.44)
9.31 (
6.94)
12.53 (
9.34)
BSFC K6/KU HR (LB/HP HR)
.456
( .749)
.418 (
.687)
.326 (
.537)
.355 (
.584)
TOTAL TEST RESULTS 4 BAGS
TOTAL KM HR (HP HR) 9.32 ( 12.50)
BSHC 6/KU HR (6/K* HR) 6.44 ( 4.80)
BSCO 6/KUHR (6/hP HR) 23.71 ( 17.68)
BSC02 6/KH HR (6/HP HR) 1098. ( 819.)
BSNOX 6/KU HR (G/HP HR) 10.12 ( 7.55)
BSFC K6/KU HR (LB/HP HR) .363 ( .597)
(CONTINUOUS)
PARTICULATE RESULTS, TOTAL FOR 4 BA6S
***BOTH FILTERS USED FOR PARTICULATE***
90M PARTICULATE RATES 6RAMS/TEST
G/KUHR(G/HPHR)
6/K6 FUEL (6/LB FUEL)
FILTER EFF.
A-14
14.430
1.55 ( 1.15)
4.27 ( 1.93)
91.5
-------
TABLE A-14. HIGH ALTITUDE HOT-START TRANSIENT EMISSION
RESULTS FOR THE CATERPILLAR 3208 - RUN 2
ENGINE no.
ENGINE MODEL 0 CfiTERPIL 3208A
ENGINE 10.4 L(636. CID) V-8
CVS NO. 2.1
TEST NO. HA 2.
DATE 5/26/89
TIME
DYNO NO. 4
RUN1
DIESEL EN-834-f
BA6 CART NO. 2
BAROMETER 737.3& MM H6129.03 IN HG)
DRY BULB TEMP. (EN6.) 30.0 DEB C(86.0 DES F)
RELATIVE HUMIDITY , EN6INE-56. PCT , CVS-46. PCT ENG. DEW PT. 68.5 DE6 F
ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY (ENG.) 15.5 GM/KG(108.2 GRAINS/LB) NOX HUMIDITY C.F. 1.0945
BAG RESULTS
BAG NUMBER
1
2
3
4
DESCRIPTION
NYNF
uvr
LflF
NYNF
TINE SECONDS
297.0
300.1
304.9
311.4
TOT. BLOWER RATE SDH (SCFM)
57.99 ( 2047.7)
56.95 ( 2010.8)
56.97 ( 2011.6)
56.60 < 1998.5)
TOT. 90MM RATE SCftt (SCFH)
.02 ( .73)
.02 ( .73)
.02 ( .73)
.02 ( .73)
TOT. 20K20 RATE SOW (SCFH)
.00 1 .0)
.00 ( .0)
.00 ( .0)
.00 ( .0)
TOT. flUX. SAMPLE RATE SCMM
(SCFM)
.00 ( .00)
.00 ( .00)
.00 ( .00)
.00 ( .00)
TOTAL FLOW STD. CU. METRES(SCF)
287.2 i 10140.)
284.9 (10061.)
289.6 (10226.)
293.9 (10376.)
HC SAMPLE METER/RAN6E/W
39.3/42/ 78.59
50.9/42/101.76
41.8/42/ 83.54
40.2/42/ BO. 32
HC BCKGRD METER/RANGE/PW
5.0/42/ 9.99
5.0/42/ 9.99
5.0/42/ 9.99
5.0/42/ 9.99
CO SAMPLE METER/RANGE/PP*
48.3/13/112.65
69.0/13/164.92
93.0/13/229.75
45.4/13/105.58
CO BCKGRD ICTER/RANGE/PPM
.0/13/ .00
.1/13/ .23
¦ 1/13/ .23
.3/13/ .69
COS SAMPLE ttTER/RANGE/PCT
73.9/13/ .2802
73.9/13/ .2802
95.5/14/1.0120
50.1/14/ .2737
COS BCKGRD METER/RAN6E/PCT
15.8/13/ .0359
15.9/13/ .0361
11.0/14/ .0361
10.9/14/ .0357
NOX SAWLE ICTER/RANGE/PPW
11.4/43/ 28.46
14.2/43/ 35.38
38.7/43/ 96.68
11.6/43/ 29.01
NOX BCKGRD fETER/RANGE/PPM
.0/ 2/ .00
.1/2/ .10
.5/ 2/ .50
.1/2/ .10
DILUTION FACTOR
44.80
43.72
12.85
45.88
HC CONCENTRATION PPM
68.82
91.99
74.33
70.54
CO CONCENTRATION PP*
110.38
161.39
221.68
102.81
C02 CONCENTRATION PCT
.2451
.2449
.9787
.2388
NOX CONCENTRATION PPtt
27.72
34.34
92.99
28.14
HC MASS GRAMS
11.395
15.114
12.412
11.953
CO MASS GRAMS
36.901
53.535
74.740
35.170
C02 MASS GRAMS
1287.73
1276.56
5185.43
1283.54
NOX MASS GRAMS
16.661
20.481
56.366
17.309
FUEL KG (LB)
.434 ( .96)
.442 ( .98)
1.676 ( 3.70)
.432 ( .95)
KU HR (HP HR)
1.16 ( 1.56)
1.74 ( 2.34)
5.29 ( 7.09)
1.15 ( 1.54)
BSHC 6/KW HR (6/HP HR)
9.80 ( 7.30)
B.66 ( 6.46)
2.35 ( 1.75)
10.41 ( 7.76)
BSCO G/KW HR (6/HP HR)
31.72 ( 23.65)
30.68 ( 22.88)
14.14 ( 10.54)
30.63 ( 22.84)
BSC02 G/KW HR (B/HP HR)
1106.97 ( 825.47)
731.58 ( 545.54)
980.79 ( 731.37)
1117.70 ( 833.47)
BSNOX G/KW HR IG/K> HR)
14.32 ( 10.68)
11.74 ( 8.75)
10.66 I 7.95)
15.07 ( 11.24)
BSFC K6/KW HR (LB/HP HR)
.373 ( .613)
.254 ( .417)
.317 ( .522)
.376 ( .619)
TQTtt. TEST RESULTS 4 BAGS
PARTICULATE RESULTS, TOTAL FOR 4 BAGS
~"BOTH FILTERS USED FOR PARTICULATE***
TOTAL KW HR (HP HR)
9.34 (
12.53)
90m PARTICULATE RATES BRflMS/TEST
16.568
BSHC 6/KW HR (G/W> HR)
5.44 (
4.06)
(CONTINUOUS)
6/KUHR
-------
TABLE A-15. HIGH ALTITUDE STEADY-STATE IDLE MODE EMISSION
RESULTS FOR THE CATERPILLAR 3208 - RUN 2
EN6INE NO.
ENGINE MODEL 0 CATERPIL 3208A
ENGINE 10.A L(636. CID) V-B
CVS NO. 27
TEST NO. HA 2.
DATE 5/26/89
Tilt
DYNO NO. 4
RUN1
DIESEL E*-B34-F
BAG CART NO. 2
BAROMETER 737.11 m H6(29.02 IN HG)
DRY BULB TEMP. (ENG.) 31.1 DEG C(8fl.O DEG F)
RELATIVE HUMIDITY , ENGINE-47. PCT , CVS-37. PCT ENG. DEU PT. 65.0 DEG F
ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY (ENG.) 13.7 6M/K6( 95.6 GRAINS/LB) NOX HUMIDITY C.F. 1.0566
BAG RESULTS
BA6 NUMBER
TIME SECONDS
TOT. BLUER RATE SCW (SCFM)
TOT. 90W RATE SO* (SCFM)
TOT. 20X20 RATE SCMM (SCFM)
TOT. AUX. SAMPLE RATE SCMM (SCFM)
TOTAL FLOW STD. CU. >CTRES(SCF>
1
901.8
57. 47 ( 2029.2)
.02 ( .80)
.00 ( .0)
.00 ( .00)
864.1 ( 30511.)
HC SAMPLE
HC BCK6RD
CO SAMPLE
CO BCK6RD
COS SAMPLE
C02 BCK6RD
NOX SWPLE
NOX BCK6RD
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
PETER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PCT
METER/RANGE/PCT
IETER/RANGE/PPM
HETER/RANGE/PPM
26.0/41/ 25.95
A.A/41/ A.AO
27.2/12/ 26.80
.0/12/ .00
24.8/14/ .0974
10.7/14/ .0350
A.5/A3/ 11.30
.5/ 1/ .13
DILUTION FACTOR
HC CONCENTRATION PPM
CO CONCENTRATION PPM
C02 CONCENTRATION PCT
NOX CONCENTRATION PPM
130.51
21.59
26.42
.0627
10.91
HC MASS GRAMS
CO MASS GRAMS V
COS MASS GRAMS
NOX MASS GRAMS
FUEL KG (LB)
10.755
26.560
991.44
19.051
.335 (
.74)
PARTICULATE RESULTS, TOTAL FOR 1 BAGS
•"BOTH FILTERS USED FOR PARTICULATE"*
90MM PARTICULATE RATES 6RAMS/TEST 2.344
6/K6 FUEL (G/LB FUEL) 6.99 (3.17)
FILTER EFF. 70.2
A-16
-------
TABLE A-16. HIGH ALTITUDE STEADY-STATE INTERMEDIATE EMISSION
RESULTS FOR THE CATERPILLAR 3208 - RUN 2
ENGINE NO.
ENGINE MODEL 0 CATERP1L 3208ft
ENGINE 10.4 L(636. CID) V-8
CVS NO. 27
TEST NO.HA- 2
DATE 5/26/89
TIME
DYNO NO. 4
RUN1
DIESEL EM-834-F
BAG CART NO. 2
BAROMETER 736.65 MM HG(29.0l IN HS)
DRV BULB TEMP. (ENG.) 30.6 DEG C187.0 D€G Fl
RELATIVE HUMIDITY , ENG1NE-46. PCT , CVS-34. PCT ENG. DEW PT. 64.0 DEG F
ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY (ENG.) 13.2 BM/K6C 32.3 GRAINS/LB) NO* HUMIDITY C.F. 1.0471
BflG RESULTS
BAG NUMBER
TIME SECONDS
TOT. BLOWER RATE SOW (SCFM)
TOT. 90W RATE SOU (SCFH)
TOT. 20X20 RATE SCMM (SCFH)
TOT. AUX. SAMPLE RATE SOW (SCFM)
TOTAL FLOW STD. CU. METRES(SCF)
1
900.5
56.88 ( 2006.5)
.02 ( .79)
.00 ( .0)
.00 l .00)
054.0 ( 30156.J
HC SAMPLE
HC BCK6RD
CO SAMPLE
CO BCK6RD
C02 SAMPLE
COS BCKGRD
NOX SAMPLE
NOX BCKGRD
METER/RANGE/PPM
ICTER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PCT
KETER/RANGE/PCT
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
45.6/41/ 45.57
6.0/41/ 8.00
33.2/12/ 32.66
.0/12/ .00
62.3/14/ .7133
10.3/14/ .0357
46.6/43/116.39
.1/3/ .25
DILUTION FACTOR
HC CONCENTRATION PPM
CO CONCENTRATION PPM
COS CONCENTRATION PCT
NOX CONCENTRATION PPM
18.58
38.00
31.85
.6795
112.97
HC MASS GRAMS
CO #£S 6RAMS
C0£ MASS GRAMS
NOX MASS GRAMS
FUEL KG (LB)
KW HR (HP HR)
18.713
31.668
10616.37
193.204
3.368 ( 7.43)
13.04 ( 17.49)
BSHC G/KW HR (G/HP HR)
BSCO G/KW HR IB/HP HR)
BSC02 G/KW HR <6/K> HR)
BSNOX G/KW HR (G/HP HR)
BSFC K6/KW HR (LB/HP HR)
1.43 (
2.43 (
1.07)
1.81)
814.00 ( 607.00)
14.81 ( 11.05)
.258 ( .425)
TOTAL TEST RESULTS 1 BAGS
TQTAL KW HR (1* Hfl) 13.04
BSHC 6/KW HR (G/HP HR) 1.43
BSCO G/KW HR (G/HP HR) 2.43
BSC02 6/KW HR (G/HP HR) 814.
BSNOX S/KW HR (G/H5 HR) 14.81
( 17.49)
( 1.07)
( 1.81)
( 607.)
< 11.05)
(CONTINUOUS)
(CONTINUOUS)
PARTICULATE RESULTS, TOTAL FOR 1 BAGS
WBOTH FILTERS USED FOR PARTICULATE"*
90NM PARTICULATE RATES
BRARS/TEST
S/KWHR(G/HPHR)
S/KG FUEL (G/LB FUEL)
FILTER EFF.
6.943
.69 ( .51)
2.66 ( 1.20)
87.2
BSFC KG/KW HR (LB/HP HR) .258 ( .425)
A-17
-------
APPENDIX B
TRANSIENT AND STEADY-STATE ALDEHYDE
RESULTS FROM CATERPILLAR 3208
-------
TABLE B-l. LOW ALTITUDE ALDEHYDE EMISSION RESULTS8 FOR THE
CATERPILLAR 3208 - RUN 1
Cold-Start Emissions
Aldehyde
mg/test
mg/hD-hr
Formaldehyde
1,890
147
Acetaldehyde
872
68
Acrolein
474
37
Acetone
156
12
Propionaldehyde
222
17
Crotonaldehyde
108
8
Isobutyraldehyde + MEK
325
25
Benzaldehyde
147
11
Hexanaldehyde
131
10
Total Aldehydes
4,330
335
Hot-Start Emissions
Aldehyde
mg/test
mg/ho-hr
Formaldehyde
1,260
104
Acetaldehyde
488
43
Acrolein
307
24
Acetone
61
5
Propionaldehyde
113
9
Crotonaldehyde
61
5
Isobutyraldehyde + MEK
209
16
Benzaldehyde
74
6
Hexanaldehyde
49
4
Total Aldehydes
2,620
216
Idle Emissions
Aldehyde
mg/test
mg/hr
Formaldehyde
533
2,130
Acetaldehyde
216
865
Acrolein
157
630
Acetone
21
85
Propionaldehyde
54
216
Crotonaldehyde
22
90
Isobutyraldehyde + MEK
95
380
Benzaldehyde
27
109
Hexanaldehyde
12
H
Total Aldehydes
1,140
4,580
1680 RPM at 50% Load
Aldehyde
mg/test
mg/hD-hr
Formaldehyde
650
39
Acetaldehyde
271
16
Acrolein
116
7
Acetone
25
2
Propionaldehyde
73
4
Crotonaldehyde
34
2
Isobutyraldehyde + MEK
123
7
Benzaldehyde
43
3
Hexanaldehyde
35
2
Total Aldehydes
1,370
82
aValues are generally considered usable to only two significant figures.
B-2
-------
TABLE B-2. LOW ALTITUDE ALDEHYDE EMISSION RESULTS8 FOR THE
CATERPILLAR 3208 • RUN 2
Cold-Start Emissions
Aldehyde mg/test mg/hp-hr
Formaldehyde 1,990 155
Acctaldchyde 826 64
Acrolein 179 14
Acetone 580 45
Propionaldehyde 195 15
Crotonaldehyde 117 9
Isobutyraldchydc + MEK 402 31
Bcnzaldchyde 232 18
Hexanaldehyde 43 4
Total Aldehydes 4,560 355
Hot-Start Emissions
Aldehyde mg/test mg/hp-hr
Formaldehyde 1,330 104
Acctaldchyde 514 40
Acrolein 119 9
Acetone 338 26
Propionaldehyde 122 10
Crotonaldehyde 66 5
Isobutyraldehyde + MEK 255 20
Ben/aldehyde 172 13
Hexanaldehyde 44 4
Total Aldehydes 2,960 231
Idle Emissions
Aldehyde mg/test mg/hr
Formaldehyde 670 2,680
Acctaldchyde 247 987
Acrolein 48 192
Acetone 144 575
Propionaldehyde 52 208
Crotonaldehyde 24 97
Isobutyraldehyde + MEK 135 538
Bcnzaldchyde 52 207
Hexanaldehyde 34 135
Total Aldehydes 1,410 5,620
1680 RPM at 50% Load
Aldehyde mg/test mg/hp-hr
Formaldehyde 626 37
Acctaldchyde 226 13
Acrolein 37 2
Acetone 136 8
Propionaldehyde 47 3
Crotonaldehyde 30 2
Isobutyraldehyde + MEK 126 8
Benzaldehyde 45 3
Hexanaldehyde 37 2
Total Aldehydes 1,310 78
Values are generally considered usable to only two significant figures.
B-3
-------
TABLE B-3. HIGH ALTITUDE ALDEHYDE EMISSION RESULTS8 FOR THE
CATERPILLAR 3208 - RUN 1
Cold-Start Emissions
Aldehyde
me/test
me/hD-hr
Formaldehyde
6,830
571
Acetaldchyde
2,750
230
Acrolein
1,730
145
Acetone
828
69
Propionaldehyde
986
82
Crotonaldehyde
498
42
Isobutyraldehyde + MEK
1,330
111
Benzaldehyde
866
72
Hexanaldehyde
1,160
97
Total Aldehydes
17,000
1,420
Hot-Start Emissions
Aldehvde
me/test
me/hD-hr
Formaldehyde
2,690
213
Acetaldchyde
1,040
82
Acrolein
671
53
Acetone
246
19
Propionaldehyde
322
25
Crotonaldehyde
191
15
Isobutyraldehyde + MEK
525
42
Benzaldehyde
339
27
Hexanaldehyde
201
16
Total Aldehydes
6,230
492
Idle Emissions
Aldehyde
mg/test
me/hr
Formaldehyde
652
2,6107
Acetaldchyde
264
1,060
Acrolein
188
751
Acetone
52
208
Propionaldehyde
71
285
Crotonaldehyde
41
163
Isobutyraldehyde + MEK
7
260
Benzaldehyde
54
217
Hexanaldehyde
21
123
Total Aldehydes
1,360
5,680
1680 RPM at 50% Load
Aldehvde
mg/test
me/hD-hr
Formaldehyde
876
53
Acetaldehyde
351
21
Acrolein
233
14
Acetone
66
4
Propionaldehyde
108
7
Crotonaldehyde
50
3
Isobutyraldehyde + MEK
157
10
Benzaldehyde
60
3
Hexanaldehyde
49
3
Total Aldehydes
1,950
119
aValues are generally considered usable to only two significant figures.
B-4
-------
TABLE B-4. HIGH ALTITUDE ALDEHYDE EMISSION RESULTS8 FOR THE
CATERPILLAR 3208 - RUN 2
Aldehyde
Formaldehyde
Acetaldchyde
Acrolein
Acetone
Propionaldehyde
Crotonaldehyde
Isobutyraldehyde + MEK
Ben/aldehyde
Hexanaldehyde
Total Aldehydes
Aldehyde
Formaldehyde
Acetaldchyde
Acrolein
Acetone
Propionaldehyde
Crotonaldehyde
Isobutyraldehyde + MEK
Ben/aldehyde
Hexanaldehyde
Total Aldehydes
Aldehyde
Formaldehyde
Acetaldchyde
Acrolein
Acetone
Propionaldehyde
Crotonaldehyde
Isobutyraldehyde + MEK
Bcnzaldehyde
Hexanaldehyde
Total Aldehydes
Cold-Start Emissions
mg/test
mgfrp-hr
Aldehyde Sampling Failure
Hot-Start Emissions
mg/test
mg/hp-hr
Aldehyde Sampling Failure
Idle Emissions
mg/test
mg/hr
Aldehyde Sampling Failure
Aldehyde
Formaldehyde
Acetaldchyde
Acrolein
Acetone
Propionaldehyde
Crotonaldehyde
Isobutyraldehyde + MEK
Benzaidehyde
Hexanaldehyde
Total Aldehydes
1680 RPM at 50% Load
mg/test
mg/hp-hr
Aldehyde Sampling Failure
aValues are generally considered usable to only two significant figures.
B-5
-------
APPENDIX C
SEGMENT BY SEGMENT TRANSIENT AND STEADY-STATE
REGULATED EMISSION RESULTS FROM CUMMINS NTC-350
-------
TABLE C-l. LOW ALTITUDE COLD-START TRANSIENT EMISSION RESULTS
FOR THE CUMMINS NTC-350 WITH FIXED RETARDED TIMING - RUN 1
EMGINE NO.
ENGINE MODEL 34 CUWINS NTC 350
ENGINE 14.0 L(355. CID) 1-6
CVS NO. 27
TEST NO.Lfl-1
DATE 6/ 9/89
TINE
DYNO NO. 4
RUN1
DIESEL EM-834-F
BAG CART NO. £
BAROMETER 737.62 MM H6(29.04 IN HG)
DRY BULB TEMP. (ENG.) 27.8 DEB C(82.0 DEB F)
RELATIVE HUMIDITY , ENGINE-41. PCT , CVS-51. PCT ENG. DEW PT. 56.3 DEB F
ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY (EN6.) 10.0 6M/K6< 69.7 GRfllNS/LB) NOX HUMIDITY C.F. .9865
BAG RESULTS
BAG NUMBER
DESCRIPTION
TIME SECONDS
¦OT. BLOWER RATE SCW
~0T. 90M* RATE SCMM (SCFM)
*GT. 20X20 RATE SCMM (SCFM)
*:T. AUX. SAMPLE RATE SCMM (SCFM)
TOTAL FLOW STD. CU. METRES(SCF)
1
NYNF
296.2
53.14
.03
.00
.00
262.5
1876.3)
.91)
.0)
.00)
9267.)
LANF
300.2
52.99 ( 1871.1)
.03 ( .91)
.00 ( .0)
.00 ( .00)
265.3 ( 9366.)
LAF
304.7
52.73
.03
.00
.00
267.9
1861.9)
.91)
.0)
.00)
9460.)
4
NYMF
306.1
52.66 ( 1859.5)
( .91)
.0)
.00)
.03
.00 (
.00 (
268.8 ( 9491.)
MC SAMPLE METER/RANGE/PPM
95.7/43/
382.69
65.1/43/ 260.56
21.6/43/ 86.20
24.7/43/ 98.79
-iC BCKGRD METER/RANGE/PPM
1.2/43/
4.80
1.2/43/ 4.80
1.2/43/ 4.80
1.2/43/ 4.80
CO SAMPLE METER/RANGE/PPM
41.7/13/
96.64
43.4/13/100.74
81.7/12/ 81.72
84.0/12/ 84.09
CO BCKGRD METER/RANGE/PPM
.0/13/
.00
.8/13/ 1.83
1.6/12/ 1.62
1.6/12/ 1.62
C02 SAMPLE METER/RANGE/PCT
75.4/14/
.5806
84.5/14/ .7452
91.8/ 1/1.7058
68.6/14/ .4801
C02 BCKGRD METER/RANGE/PCT
16.6/14/
.0586
17.9/14/ .0643
4.2/ 1/ .0743
15.6/14/ .0544
NOX SAMPLE METER/RAN6E/PPM
8.3/43/
20.78
12.1/43/ 30.33
39.0/43/ 97.57
9.2/43/ 23.05
NOX BCKGRD METER/RANGE/PPM
1.9/ 1/
.50
.7/ 2/ .71
1.9/ 2/ 1.91
2.9/ 1/ .76
DILUTION FACTOR 21.33 17. 16 7.78 26.90
HC CONCENTRATION PPM 378. 12 256.04 82.02 94.17
CO CONCENTRATION PPM 93.95 95.92 76.29 80.38
C02 CONCENTRATION PCT .5248 .6847 1.6411 .4277
'I0X CONCENTRATION PPM 19.79 28.88 92.50 21.77
HC fASS GRAMS
CO MASS GRAMS
C02 MASS GRANS
NOX MASS GRAMS
RJEL KG (LB)
KW HR (HP HR)
57.222
28.707
2519.55
9.800
.863 ( 1.90)
2.18 ( 2.93)
39.160
29.621
3322.56
14.453
.097 ( 2.42)
3.32 ( 4.45)
12.670
23.794
8043.38
46.754
2.550 ( 5.62)
9.78 ( 13.12)
14.595
2S. 152
2103.33
11.039
.687
2.18
1.52)
2.93)
BSHC G/KW HR (G/H> HR)
BSCO G/KW HR (6/HP HR)
BSC02 G/KW HR (G/HP HR)
BSNOX G/KW HR (6/W> HR)
BSFC KG/KW HR (LB/HP HR)
26.19 1
1 19.53)
11.80 i
I 8.80)
1.30 i
[ .97)
6.68 i
I 4.98)
13.14 i
1 9.80)
8.93 '
1 6.66)
2.43 i
1 1.81)
11.51 i
I 8.58)
1153.16 I
1 859.91)
1001.26 i
1 746.64)
822.13 I
[ 613.06)
962.67 i
[ 717.06)
4.49 l
1 3.34)
4.36 i
1 3.25)
4.78 i
I 3.56)
5.05 I
I 3.77)
.395 l
1 .649)
.331 i
( .544)
.261 i
[ .429)
.315 I
[ .517)
TOTAL TEST RESULTS 4 BA6S PARTICULATE RESULTS, TOTAL FOR 4 BA6S
***BOTH FILTERS USED FOR PARTICULATE***
TOTAL KW HR (HP HR)
17.47
( 23.43)
90m PARTICULATE RATES
6RAMS/TEST
31.077
BSHC G/KW HR (G/HP HR)
7.08
( 5.28)
(CONTINUOUS)
6/KUHR(S/HPHR)
1.78 ( 1.33)
BSCO G/KW HR (G/K> HR)
6.14
( 4.58)
6/K6 FUEL (6/LB FUEL)
5.98 ( 2.71)
BSCQ2 G/KW HR (G/HP HR)
915.
( 682.)
C-2
FILTER EFF.
92.2
BSNOX G/KW HR (6/H> HR)
4.70
( 3.50)
(CONTINUOUS)
BSFC KG/KU HR HR)
.297
( .489)
-------
TABLE C-2. LOW ALTITUDE HOT-START TRANSIENT EMISSION RESULTS
FOR THE CUMMINS NTC-350 WITH FIXED RETARDED TIMING - RUN 1
ENGINE NO.
ENGINE MODEL 34 CUHINS NIC 350
ENGINE 14.0 LIB55. CID) 1-6
:vs NO.
BAROMETER 737.56 MM HG(29.03 IN H6)
DRV PULB TEMP. (ENG.) 30.6 DEB CI87.0 DEB F)
TEST N0.UM
DATE 6/ 9/89
TIME
OYNO NO. 4
RUN1
DIESEL EM-834-F
BAG CART NO. 2
RELATIVE HUMIDITY , ENGINE-45. PCT , CVS-47. PCT ENG. DEU PT. 63.0 DEE F
ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY (EN6.) IE.7 6M/KB( 89.0 BRAINS/LB) NOX HUMIDITY C.F. 1.0377
BAG RESULTS
BAG NUMBER
DESCRIPTION
TIME SECONDS
TOT. BLOWER RATE SO* (SCFM)
TOT. 90W RATE SCW (SCFM)
TOT. 20X20 RATE SO* (SCFM)
*0T. hUX. SAMPLE RATE SCMM (SCFM)
-:thl ™_qw std. cu. netres
1
NYhF
297.1
53.16 ( 1877.0)
.03 (
.00 (
.00 (
263.4 (
1.16)
.0)
.00)
3300.)
LANF
300.2
52.92 ( 1868.6)
.03 ( 1.16)
.00 ( .0)
. 00 I .00)
264.3 ( 3355.)
3
LAF
304.8
52.73 ( 1861.8)
.03 ( 1.16)
.00
.00
£68.0
.0)
.00)
3464.)
4
305.9
52.80 < 1864.5)
.03 ( 1.16)
.00 ( .0)
.00 < .00)
269.4 ( 9512.)
HC SAMPLE METER/RANBE/PPM
54.7/42/
109.28
44.9/42/
89.64
22. 1/42/ 64.21
39.4/42/ 78.75
HC BCKGRD ICTER/RANGE/PPM
1.9/42/
3.80
1.9/42/
3.80
1.3/42/ Z. 80
1.9/42/ 3.80
CO SAMPLE METER/RAN6E/PPM
32.1/12/
32.36
93.9/12/
94.18
75.6/12/ 75.43
77.5/12/ 77.39
CO BCKGRD METER/RANGE/PPM
1.5/12/
1.52
1.4/12/
1.42
.8/12/ .81
.9/12/ .91
C02 SAMPLE METER/RANGE/PCT
70.0/14/
.4995
83.6/14/
.7271
89.9/ 1/1.6689
67.8/14/ .4693
C02 BCKGRD METER/RANGE/PCT
16.6/14/
.0586
21.1/14/
.0790
5.0/ 1/ .0885
16.9/14/ .0599
NOX SAMPLE METER/RAN6E/PPM
8.6/43/
21.44
13.2/43/
32.37
39. 1/43/ 97.66
9.2/43/ 23.06
NOX BCKGRD WETER/RAN6E/PPN
1.8/ 1/
.48
.7/ 2/
.71
1.0/ 2/ 1.01
1.2/ 1/ .32
DILUTION FACTOR
HC CONCENTRATION PPM
CO CONCENTRATION PPM
CG2 CONCENTRATION PCT
¦;0X CONCENTRATION PPM
25.80
105.63
98.62
.4431
20. 46
17.98
86.06
90.10
.6525
31.42
7.%
60.83
71.15
1.5915
33.51
27.65
75.09
74.63
.4115
22.19
HC 10SS GRAMS
CO MASS GRAMS
C02 MASS 6RAMS
m MASS GRAMS
rUEL KG (LB)
KW HR (HP HR)
16.041
27.173
2135.17
10.693
.700 (
2.17 (
1.54)
2.91)
13.147
27.791
3162.55
16.522
1.020 I 2.25)
3.35 ( 4.49)
9.410
22.199
7803.37
49.632
2.471 (
9.78 (
5.45)
13.12)
11.664
23.405
2028.10
11.865
.660 (
2.18 (
1.46)
2.93)
BSHC G/KU HR (G/HP HR)
8SC0 G/KU HR (G/HP HR)
BSC02 G/KU HR (G/HP HR)
SSNOX G/KU HR (B/HP HR)
BSFC KG/KU HR (LB/HP HR)
7.39 (
12.52 (
5.51)
9.34)
983.96 ( 733.74)
4.93 ( 3.67)
.323 < .530)
3.93
8.30
944.56
4.93
.305
( 2.93)
( 6.19)
( 704.35)
I 3.68)
( .501)
.36 ( .72)
2.27 ( 1.69)
797.60 ( 594.77)
5.07 ( 3.78)
.253 ( .415)
5.34 ( 3.98)
10.71 < 7.99)
928.23 ( 692.18)
5.43 ( 4.05)
.302 < .497)
TOTAL TEST RESULTS 4 BAGS
TOTAL KU HR (HP HR) 17.49
BSHC G/KU HR (G/HP HR) 2.87
0SCO 6/KW HR (G/HP HR) 5.75
8SC02 6/KU HR (6/HP HR) 865.
SSNOX 6/KU HR (6/HP HR) 5.07
BSFC KG/KU HR (LB/HP HR) .277 (
23.45)
2.14)
4.29)
645.)
3.78)
.4561
PARTICULATE RESULTS, TOTAL FOR 4 BAGS
WBOTH FILTERS USED FOR PARTICULATE***
30KM PARTICULATE RATES GRAMS/TEST 19.839
(CONTIGUOUS) S/KUHR(6/HPHR) 1.13 < .85)
6/K6 FUEL (G/LB FUEL) 4.09 ( 1.85)
FILTER EFF. 93.0
(CONTINUOUS) C-3
-------
TABLE C-3. LOW ALTITUDE STEADY-STATE IDLE MODE EMISSION RESULTS
FOR THE CUMMINS NTC-350 WITH FIXED RETARDED TIMING - RUN 1
ENGINE NO.
ENGINE MODEL 84 CUMMINS NTC 350
ENGINE 14.0 L(855. CID) 1-6
CVS NO. £7
BAROMETER 735.08 MM HGI28.94 IN HG)
DRV BULB TEMP. (ENG.) 42.2 DEB C(«hh DEB F)
TEST N0.LA-1-SS
DATE 6/ 8/89
TIME
DYNO NO. 4
RUM
DIESEL EM-834-F
BAB CART NO. 2
RELATIVE HUMIDITY , ENGINE-14. PCT , CVS-26. PCT ENG. DEU PT. Afl.O DEB F
ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY (ENG.) 7.3 GM/K6< 51.3 SRAINS/LB) NOX HUMIDITY C.F. .9420
BOG RESULTS
BAG NUMBER
TIME SECONDS
TOT. BLOWER RATE SCMM (SCFM)
TOT. 90MM RATE SCMM (SCFM)
"OT. 20X20 RATE SCMM (SCFM)
*3T. AUX. SAMPLE RATE SOW (SCFM)
~CTAL FLOW STD. CU. METRES(SCF)
1
900.1
52.95 ( 1869.6)
.04 ( 1.43)
.00 ( .0)
. 00 ( .00)
'34.9 ( 28069.)
iC SAMPLE
•C BCK6RD
10 SAMPLE
:3 PCKGRD
C02 SAMPLE
COS BCKBRD
NOX SAMPLE
MOX BCKGRD
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PCT
METER/RANGE/PCT
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
85. 1/42/ 170. 11
3.5/42/ 7.00
44.4/12/ 43.70
.1/12/
78.5/12/
34.4/12/
2.2/43/
.8/ 1/
.10
1752
0582
5.52
.21
DILUTION FACTOR
HC CONCENTRATION PPM
CD CONCENTRATION PPM
CCS CONCENTRATION PCT
.OX CONCENTRATION PPM
68.19
163.22
43.09
.1178
5.21
-C MASS GRAMS
CO MASS GRAMS
C32 MASS GRAMS
¦JQX MASS GRAMS
rUEL KG (LB)
74.814
39.875
1713.57
7.460
.633 ( 1.39)
PARTICULATE RESULTS, TOTAL FOR 1 BAGS
"~BOTH FILTERS USED FOR PARTICULATE***
90MN PARTICULATE RATES 6RAMS/TEST 11.075
6/K6 FUEL (G/LB FUEL) 17.51 ( 7.94)
FILTER EFF. 83.6
C-4
-------
TABLE C-4. LOW ALTITUDE STEADY-STATE INTERMEDIATE EMISSION RESULTS
FOR THE CUMMINS NTC-350 WITH FIXED RETARDED TIMING - RUN 1
ENGINE NO.
ENGINE MODEL 34 CUMMINS NTC 350
ENGINE 14.0 L(855. CID) 1-6
CVS NO. 27
TEST NO.UH-SS
DATE 6/ 0/89
TIME
DYNO NO. 4
RUN1
DIESEL EM-834-f
BA6 CART NO. £
BAROMETER 734.62 m H6(28.93 IN HG)
DRY BULB TEW1. (EN6.) 42.2 DEB C(*«* DEG F)
RELATIVE HUMIDITY , EN6INE-15. PCT , CVS-25. PCT ENG. DEW PT. 50.0 DEG F
ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY (ENG.) 7.9 GM/K6( 55.4 6RAINS/LB) NOX HUMIDITY C.F. .9514
BAG RESULTS
BA6 NUMBER
TIME SECONDS
TOT. BLOUER RATE SCMM (SCFM)
TOT. 30NM RATE SOW (SCFM)
TOT. 20X20 RATE SCMM (SCFM)
T0T. hUX. SAMPLE RATE SCMM (SCFM)
'OTAL FLOW STD. CU. METRES(SCF)
899.8
52.52
.04
.00
.00
"88.2
1854.6)
1.32)
.0)
.00)
17833.)
riC SAMPLE
HC BCKGRD
C3 SAMPLE
CO BCK6RD
C02 SAMPLE
COS BCKGRD
SOX SAMPLE
NOX BCKGRD
METER/RANGE/PPM
ICTER/RANGE/PPK
METER/RANGE/PPK
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PCT
~ETER/RANGE/PCT
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
17.8/42/ 35.57
4.3/42/ 8.59
36.4/12/ 86.55
.2/12/ .20
74.1/ 1/1.3668
3.2/ 1/ . 0565
36.7/43/ 91.76
.6/ 2/ .60
DILUTION FACTOR
HC CONCENTRATION PPM
CO CONCENTRATION PPM
C02 CONCENTRATION PCT
NOX CONCENTRATION PPM
9.72
27.86
83.39
1.3161
38.50
iC MASS GRAMS
"0 MASS GftfWS
C02 MASS 6RAMS
'JOX MASS GRAMS
-UEL KG (LB)
KW HR (HP HR)
12.662
76.520
18978.75
126.926
6.010 ( 13.25)
24.54 ( 32.91)
BSHC G/KU HR (G/HP HR)
BSCO G/KW HR (G/HP HR)
BSC02 B/KU HR (G/HP HR)
BSNOX G/KU HR (6/«> HR)
BSFC KG/KU HR (LB/HP HR)
.52 (
3.12 (
.38)
2.33)
773.35 ( 576.69)
5.17 ( 3.86)
.245 ( .403)
TOTAL TEST RESULTS 1 BA6S
TOTAL KM HR (HP HR) 24.54 ( 32.91)
BSHC G/KW HR (6/HP HR) .52 ( .38) (CONTINUOUS)
BSCO G/KU HR (G/H> HR) 3.12 1 2.33)
BSC02 G/KW HR (6/W> HR) 773. ( 577.)
BSNOX G/KU HR (G/W> HR) 5.17 ( 3.86) (CONTINUOUS)
3SFC KG/KW HR (LB/hP HR) .245 ( .403)
PARTICULATE RESULTS, TOTAL FOR 1 BAGS
*«B0TH FILTERS USED FOR PARTICULATE***
90W PARTICULATE RATES
C-5
GRAMS/TEST
6/KUHR(6/HPHR)
G/KG FUEL (G/LB FUEL)
FILTER EFF.
20.718
.84 ( .63)
3.45 ( 1.56)
90.5
-------
TABLE C-5. LOW ALTITUDE COLD-START TRANSIENT EMISSION RESULTS
FOR THE CUMMINS NTC-350 WITH FIXED RETARDED TIMING - RUN 2
ENGINE NO.
ENGINE MODEL 34 CUMINS NTC 350
ENGINE 14.0 L(855. CID) 1-6
CVS NO. £7
TEST N0.LA-2
DATE 6/12/89
TIK
DYNO NO. 4
RUN1
DIESEL EM-834-F
BftG CART NO. 2
BAROMETER 738.38 MM H6<29.07 IN H6)
DRY BULB TEW>. (EN6.) 30.0 DEB C186.0 DEB F)
RELATIVE HUMIDITY , ENGINE-57. PCT , CVS-54. PCT ENG. DEW PT. 68.9 DEB F
ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY (ENG.) 15.7 GM/KGU09.6 6RAINS/LB) NOX HUMIDITY C.F. 1.0968
BAG RESULTS
BAG NUMBER
DESCRIPTION
TIME SECONDS
TOT. BLOWER RATE SCffl (SCFM)
TOT. 90MM RATE SCMM (SCFM)
T0T. 20X20 RATE SCMM (SCFM)
*3T. hUX. SAMPLE RATE SCMM (SCFM)
*GTAL P.OW STD. CU. METRES(SCF)
1
NYhF
296.8
52.56 ( 1855.7)
.03
.00
.00
£60.1
1.18)
.0)
.00)
3186.)
2
LANF
300.2
52.28 ( 1846.2)
.03 ( 1.18)
.00 ( .0)
.oo ( .oo)
261.8 ( 3243.)
3
LAF
305.4
51.46 ( 1817.0)
.03 ( 1.18)
.00 ( .0)
. 00 ( .00)
262.1 ( 9255.)
4
NYNF
306.9
51.78 ( 1828.5)
.03 ( 1.18)
.00 (
.00 (
264.2 (
.0)
.00)
9328.)
HC SAMPLE
4C BCK6RD
0) SAMPLE
CO BCK6RD
C02 SAMPLE
C02 BCXGRD
NOX SflWLE
NOX BCKGRD
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PCT
METER/RANGE/PCT
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
62.9/44/ 501.42
.9/44/ 7.05
41.7/13/ 96.64
.4/13/ .91
75.4/14/ .5806
11.8/14/ .0391
8.2/43/ 20.37
1.6/ 1/ .42
37.8/44/ 302.22
.9/44/ 7.05
50.1/13/117.07
.6/13/ 1.37
83.7/14/ .7291
12.3/14/ .0411
11.9/43/ 29.73
.3/ 2/ .30
9.9/44/ 78.41
.3/44/ 7.05
39.7/13/ 91.85
.3/13/ .69
93. 1/ 1/1.7312
2.4/ 1/ .0423
37.4/43/ 93.46
1.0/ 2/ 1.01
10.6/44/ 84.31
.9m/ 7.05
38.4/13/ 88.74
.4/13/ .91
68.0/14/ .4720
11.7/14/ .0388
8.9/43/ 22.36
1.5/ 1/ .40
DILUTION FACTOR
20.93
17.39
7.67
27.40
NC CONCENTRATION PPM
494.71
295.58
72.28
77.51
ZO CONCENTRATION PPM
93.01
112.09
86.58
85.51
:32 CONCENTRATION PCT
.5434
.6904
1.6944
.4346
NOX CONCENTRATION PPM
'.3.36
28.52
88.80
£1.33
HC MASS GROHS
74.206
44.613
10.323
11.807
CO MASS SRAMS
28.166
34.159
26.418
26.299
C02 MASS GRAMS
2585.82
3306.08
8124.08
2100.56
NOX MASS GRAMS
10.584
15.687
48.903
11.840
FUEL KG (LB)
.900 ( 1.98)
1.100 ( 2.42)
2.575 (
5.68)
.684 ( 1.51)
KU HR (HP HR)
2.18 ( 2.92)
3.35 ( 4.49)
9.90 ( :
13.28)
2.24 ( 3.01)
BSHC G/KW HR (G/HP HR)
34.08 ( 25.41)
13.32 ( 3.94)
1.10 (
.82)
5.26 ( 3.92)
BSCO 6/KW HR (6/K> HR)
12.94 ( 9.65)
10.20 ( 7.61)
2.67 (
1.99)
11.72 ( 8.74)
BSC02 G/KW HR (G/HP HR)
1187.55 ( 885.56)
987.42 ( 736.32)
820.37 ( 611.75)
335.84 ( 697.86)
BSNOX G/KW HR (6/HP HR)
4.86 ( 3.62)
4.69 ( 3.49)
4.94 (
3.68)
5.27 ( 3.93)
SSFC KG/KW HR (LB/HP HR)
.413 ( .680)
.328 ( .540)
.260 (
.427)
.305 ( .501)
TAL TEST RESULTS 4 BA6S
PARTICULATE RESULTS, TOTAL FOR 4 BAGS
"~BOTH FILTERS USED FOR PARTICULATE***
TOTAL KW HR (HP HR)
17.67 i
I 23.70)
90MM PARTICULATE RATES GRAMS/TEST
32.812
BSHC G/KW HR (G/HP HR)
8.01 1
( 5.97)
(CONTINUOUS)
G/KUHRI6/WHR)
1.86 ( 1.38)
BSCO G/KU HR (G/HP HR)
6.51 I
[ 4.85)
G/K6 FUEL (G/LB
FUEL)
6.24 ( 2.83)
BSC02 G/KW HR (G/HP HR)
912. 1
: 680.)
FILTER EFF.
32.0
BSNOX G/KW HR (G/HP HR)
4.92 i
[ 3.67)
(CONTINUOUS) C-6
SSFC KG/KW HR (LB/FP HR)
.298 I
; .489)
-------
TABLE C-6. LOW ALTITUDE HOT-START TRANSIENT EMISSION RESULTS
FOR THE CUMMINS NTC-350 WITH FIXED RETARDED TIMING - RUN 2
ENGINE NO.
ENGINE MODEL 84 CUMMINS NTC 350
ENGINE 14.0 1(855. CID) 1-6
:vs no. ci
BAROMETER 738.12 MM HG129.06 IN HG)
DRY BULB TEMP. (ENG.) 35.0 DE6 C(95.0 DEB F)
TEST NO. UK
DATE 6/12/89
TIME
DYNO NO. 4
RUN1
DIESEL EM-834-F
BA6 CART NO. 2
RELATIVE HUMIDITY , ENGINE-44. PCT , CVS-48. PCT ENG. DEU PT. 69.5 DEB F
ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY (ENG.) 16.0 6M/K6U11.9 GRAINS/LB) NOX HUMIDITY C.F. 1.1063
BAG RESULTS
BftG NUMBER
DESCRIPTION
'IME SECONDS
TOT. BLOWER RATE SCW (SCFM)
*0T. 30MM RATE SCMM (SCFM)
T3T. cOX20 RATE SCMM (SCFM)
-JT. hUX. SAMPLE RATE SCMM (SCFM)
:tal flow std. cu. metresiscfj
1
NY»F
2%. 4
.03
.00
.00
239.2
1851.9)
1.12)
.0)
.00)
9154.)
2
LANF
300.4
52.33 ( 1847.8)
.03 ( 1.12)
( .0)
( .00)
.00
.00
262.2 ! 9257.1
3
LAF
304.9
51.97 ( 1835.1)
.03 ( 1.12)
( .0)
( .00)
9331.)
.00
.00
164.3
4
NYNF
305.8
51.90 ( 1832.5)
.03 ( 1.12)
.00 < .0)
.00 ( .00)
264.7 ( 9345.)
HC SAMPLE
HC BCKGRD
CO SAMPLE
CO BCKGRD
C02 SAMPLE
COS BCKGRD
NOX SAMPLE
NOX BCKGRD
METER/RAN6E/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PCT
METER/RAN6E/PCT
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
56.9/42/ 113.71
3.4/42/ 6.80
40.6/13/ 94.00
.1/13/ .23
68.4/14/ .4774
11.3/14/ .0372
8.3/43/ 20.77
1.6/ 1/ .42
45.2/42/ 90.35
3.4/42/ 6.80
40.5/13/ 93.76
.1/13/ .23
81.5/14/ .6865
11.6/14/ .0384
13.0/43/ 32.47
.6/ 2/ .60
33.0/42/ 65.89
3.4/42/ 6.80
78.1/12/ 78.01
.2/12/ .20
89.8/ 1/1.6670
2.4/ 1/ .0423
38.6/43/ 96.45
.7/ 2/ .71
39.6/42/ 79.06
3.4/42/ 6.80
78.0/12/ 77.90
.2/12/ .20
65.9/14/ .4444
11.4/14/ .0376
8.9/43/ 22.25
1.6/ 1/ .42
DILUTION FACTOR
hC CONCENTRATION PPM
CO CONCENTRATION PPM
:32 CONCENTRATION PCT
¦•~X CONCENTRATION PPM
26.91
107.17
91.46
.4415
19.74
19.02
83.91
90.85
.6501
30.87
7.97
59.95
74.11
1.6299
91.89
29.13
72.50
75.83
.4081
21.18
HC *ASS GRAMS
CO MASS 6RAMS
C02 MASS GRAMS
NOX MASS GRAMS
FUEL KG (LB)
KM HR (HP HR)
16.020
27.602
2093.%
10.826
.687 (
2.15 (
1.51)
2.88)
12.684
27.726
3118.05
17.119
1.005 (
3.33 (
2.22)
4.47)
9.134
22.801
7879.85
51.374
2.495 (
5.50)
9.72 ( 13.03)
11.064
23.364
1975.88
11.859
.643 (
2.16 (
1.42)
2.90)
BSHC G/KW HR (G/HP HR)
BSCO G/KW HR (6/M> HR)
BSC02 G/KW HR (G/HP HR)
BSNOX G/KW HR (6/W> HR)
BSFC KG/KU HR (LB/HP HR)
TOTAL TEST RESULTS 4 BAGS
TOTAL KW HR (HP HR)
BSHC G/KU HR (G/H> HR)
BSCO G/KU HR (S/HP HR)
BSC02 G/KU HR (G/HP HR)
BSNOX G/KW HR (G/HP HR)
BSFC KG/KW HR (LB/W> HR)
17.36
2.82
5.85
win
000.
5.25
.278 (
23.28)
2.10)
4.36)
647.)
3.92)
.457)
7.46
12.85
975.02
5.04
.320
(CONTINUOUS)
(CONTINUOUS)
5.56)
9.58)
727.07)
3.76)
.526)
3.81
8.32
935.43
5.14
.302
( 2.84)
( 6.20)
( 697.55)
( 3.83)
( .496)
.94 ( .70)
2.35 ( 1.75)
810.98 ( 604.75)
5.29 ( 3.94)
.257 ( .422)
PARTICULATE RESULTS, TOTAL FOR 4 BAGS
~"BOTH FILTERS USED FOR PARTICULATE"*
90MM PARTICULATE RATES GRAMS/TEST
6/KUHR(6/WHR)
G/KG FUEL (G/LB FUEL)
FILTER EFF.
C-7
5.12 ( 3.82)
10.80 ( 8.06)
913.69 ( 681.34)
5.48 ( 4.09)
.297 ( .489)
19.283
1.11 ( .83)
3.99 ( 1.81)
95.8
-------
TABLE C-7. LOW ALTITUDE STEADY-STATE IDLE MODE EMISSION RESULTS
FOR THE CUMMINS NTC-350 WITH FIXED RETARDED TIMING - RUN 2
ENGINE NO.
ENGINE MODEL 84 CUMINS NTC 350
ENGINE 14.0 L(855. CID) 1-6
CVS NO. 27
TEST NO.LA-2-SS
DATE 6/ 9/89
TIME
DYNO NO. 4
RUN1
DIESEL EM-834-F
BAG CART NO. 2
BAROMETER 737.36 MM HG(29.03 IN HB)
DRY BULB TEMP. (ENG.) 31.1 DEB CIS8.0 DEB F)
RELATIVE HUMIDITY , EN6INE-31. PCT , CVS-51. PCT ENG. DEW PT. 54.0 DEB F
ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY (ENG.) 9.2 GM/KG( 64.1 6RAINS/LB) NOX HUMIDITY C.F. .9724
BAG RESULTS
BAG NUMBER
TIME SECONDS
TOT. BLCWER RATE SCUM (SCFK)
TOT. 90MM RATE SDH (SCFM)
TOT. 20X20 RATE SOW (SCFM)
T0T. hUX. SAMPLE RATE SCNM (SCFM)
'OTAL FLOW STD. CU. METRES(SCF)
1
900.
53.23 (
.04 (
.00 (
.00 (
799.3 (
3
1879.5)
1.44)
.0)
.00)
28223.)
HC SAMPLE
HC BCKBRD
CO SAMPLE
CO BCKBRD
C02 SAMPLE
COS BCKBRD
NOX SAMPLE
NOX BCKBRD
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RAN6E/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPN
METER/RAN6E/PPM
METER/RANBE/PCT
METER/RANGE/PCT
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RAN6E/PPN
82.5/42/ 164.83
3.2/42/ 6.40
46.5/12/ 45.79
1.1/12/ 1.12
64.6/12/ .1323
26.7/12/ .0430
1.8/43/ 4.44
1.0/ 1/ .26
DILUTION FACTOR
HC CONCENTRATION PPM
CO CONCENTRATION PPM
:0£ CONCENTRATION PCT
NOX CONCENTRATION PPM
87.41
158.51
43.84
.0899
4.07
< *ASS GRAMS
CO CASS GRAMS
COS MASS GRAMS
NOX MASS GRAMS
FUEL KS (LB)
73.055
40.790
1314.06
6.052
.506 ( 1.12)
PARTICULATE RESULTS, TOTAL FOR 1 BAGS
«*BOTH FILTERS USED FOR PARTICULATE"*
90* PARTICULATE RATES GRAMS/TEST 13.996
B/KB FUEL (6/LB FUEL) 27.67 (12.55)
FILTER EFF. 81.2
C-8
-------
TABLE C-8. LOW ALTITUDE STEADY-STATE INTERMEDIATE EMISSION RESULTS
FOR THE CUMMINS NTC-350 WITH FIXED RETARDED TIMING - RUN 2
ENGINE NO.
ENGINE 10DEL 84 CUMINS NTC 350
ENGINE 14.0 L(855. CID) 1-6
:vs NO. d
BAROMETER 737.36 MH HGI29.03 IN H6)
DRV BULB TEMP. (ENG.) 31.1 DEG C(Bfl.O DEG F)
TEST NO.Lft-2-SS
DATE 6/ 9/89
TIME
DYNO NO. 4
RUN1
DIESEL EW-834-f
BAG CART NO. 2
RELATIVE HUMIDITY , ENGINE-29. PCT , CVS-49. PCT ENG. DEW PT. S2.0 DEG F
OBSOLUTE HUMIDITY (ENG.) 8.5 GM/KG( 59.5 GRAINS/LB) NOX HUMIDITY C.F. .9612
BAG RESULTS
PAG NUMBER
TIME SECONDS
¦OT. BLOWER RATE SOW (SCFW)
'3T. 30MN RATE SCMA (SCFM)
'jT. J.CX£0 RATE SOW (SCFM)
'jT. hUX. SAMPLE RATE SO* (SCFM)
:thL :: jw std. :u. metres (sen
1
300.2
52.23 ( 1844.3)
.02 (
.00 (
.00 1
"33.3 !
.74)
.0)
.00)
£7681.)
-c :h«ple meter/range/ppm
HC BCKGRD METER/RANGE/PPM
D SAMPLE METER/RANGE/PPM
:: ?CKGRD METER/RAN6E/PPM
C02 SAMPLE METER/RANGE/PCT
COS BCKGRD METER/RANGE/PCT
•JOX SAMPLE METER/RANGE/PPM
NOX BCKGRD METER/RANGE/PPM
15.1/42/ 30.25
3.5/42/ 7.00
79.2/12/ 79. 14
1.5/12/ 1.52
73.4/ 1/1.3536
3.0/ 1/ .0530
32.2/43/ 30.61
1.0/ 2/ 1.01
DILUTION FACTOR
iC CONCENTRATION PPM
:G CHNCENTRATIQN PPM
;D2 CONCENTRATION PCT
•.OX CCNCENTRATION PPN
3.B2
23.%
74.48
1.3060
76.85
•C ^SSS GRAMS
CO ^ASS GRAMS
_'Jc MASS 3RAMS
NGX MASS GRAMS
-UEL KG (LB)
KU HR (HP HR)
10.832
67.375
18730.59
110.749
5.926 ( 13.06)
24.55 ( 32.92)
ESHC G/KW HR (G/HP HR)
BSCQ G/KU HR (G/HP HR)
3SC02 G/KU HR (G/HP HR)
SSNOX G/KU HR (G/HP HR)
BSFC KG/KU HR (LB/HP HR)
TOTAL TEST RESULTS 1 BAGS
TOTAL KU HR (HP HR) 24.55 ( 32.92)
BSHC S/KU HR (G/HP HR) .44 ( .33)
3SC0 G/KU HR (G/HP HR) . 2.77 ( 2.06)
BSC02 6/KH HR (G/HP HR) 763. ( 569.)
3SN0X G/KW HR (G/HP HR) 4.51 ( 3.36)
3SFC KG/KU HR (LB/H5 HR) .241 ( .337)
.44 (
2.77 (
(CONTINUOUS)
(CONTINUOUS)
.33)
2.06)
763.01 ( 568.97)
4.51 ( 3.36)
.241 ( .397)
PARTICULATE RESULTS, TOTAL FOR 1 8A6S
~~~BOTH FILTERS USED FOR PARTICULATE*"
90W PARTICULATE RATES
GRAMS/TEST
G/KWHR(6/HPHR)
G/KG FUEL (G/LB FUEL)
FILTER EFF.
23.227
.95 < .71)
3.92 ( 1.78)
97.1
C-9
-------
TABLE C-9. HIGH ALTITUDE COLD-START TRANSIENT EMISSION RESULTS
FOR THE CUMMINS NTC-350 WITH FIXED RETARDED TIMING - RUN 1
cNGINE Nu.
ENGINE MODEL S4 CUMMINS NTC 350
ENGINE 14.0 L(855. CID) 1-6
CVS NO. 27
itsi nu.rn-i
DATE 6/13/09
THE
DYNO NO. 4
RUN1
DIESEL EM-834-F
BAG CART NO. 2
BAROMETER 737.62 I* H6I29.04 IN H6)
DRY BULB TEMP. (ENG.) 29.4 DEB C185.0 DEG F)
RELATIVE HUMIDITY , EN6INE-53. PCT , CVS-54. PCT ENG. DEW PT. 66.0 DEG F
ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY (ENG.) 14.1 SM/K6< 99.0 GRAINS/LB) NOX HUMIDITY C.F. 1.0666
BAG RESULTS
BAG NUMBER
DESCRIPTION
TIME SECONDS
TOT. BLOWER RATE SOW (SCFM)
TOT. 30MM RATE SCMM (SCFM)
TOT. 20X20 RATE SCMM (SCFM)
*0T. hUX. SAMPLE SATE SCMM (SCFM)
"GTAL FLOW STD. CU. METRES(SCF)
1
NYNF
296.1
51.06 ( 1802.8)
.02 (
.58)
.00 (
.0)
.00 (
.00)
252.0 (
3899.)
2
LANF
304.0
50.67
.02
.00
.00
256.8
1789.1)
.58)
.0)
.00)
9068.)
3
LAF
301.1
50.00 ( 1765.7)
.02 ( .58)
.00 ( .0)
.00 ( .00)
251.0 ( 8864.)
4
NYNF
305.9
49.65 ( 1753.2)
.02 ( .58)
.00 ( .0)
.00 ( .00)
253.2 ( 8942.)
HC SAMPLE
HC BCKGRD
CO SAMPLE
CO BCKGRD
C02 SAMPLE
C02 BCKGRD
NOX SAMPLE
NOX BCKGRD
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
CTER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RAN6E/PCT
METER/RANGE/PCT
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
31.4/44/ 734.02
1.0/44/ 7.84
84.2/13/205.47
.4/13/ .31
76.2/14/ .5936
11.7/14/ .0388
8.9/43/ 22. 12
1.7/ 1/ .45
66.7/44/ 531.33
1.0/44/ 7.84
82.3/13/200.30
.6/13/ 1.37
84.6/14/ .7473
13.0/14/ .0438
10.9/43/ 27.23
.2/ 2/ .20
16.9/44/ 134.33
1.0/44/ 7.34
68.4/13/163.36
.5/13/ 1.14
95.3/ 1/1. 7743
2.5/ 1/ .0441
35.5/43/ 88.82
.7/ 2/ .71
47.0/44/ 375.61
1.0/44/ 7.84
73.2/13/175.94
.4/13/ .91
69.2/14/ .4883
11.7/14/ .0388
8.4/43/ 20.94
.9/ 1/ .24
DILUTION FACTOR
HC CONCENTRATION PPM
:0 CONCENTRATION PPM
C02 CONCENTRATION PCT
(OX CONCENTRATION PPM
19.51
726.58
198.68
.5568
21.05
16.35
523.97
192.66
.7062
26.21
7.43
127.59
153.36
1.7361
84.66
24.68
368.09
170.36
.4511
£0.13
HC WASS GRAMS
CO MASS 6RAMS
C02 MASS GRAMS
MOX MASS GRAMS
FUEL KG (LB)
KW HR (HP HR)
105.593
58.297
£567.36
10.824
.341
2.03
2.07)
2.72)
77.585
57.5%
3317.47
13.730
1.148 ( £.53)
3.21 ( 4.30)
18.468
44.992
7972,51
43.345
2.544 I 5.61)
9.71 ( 13.02)
53.747
50.221
2089.89
10.3%
.735 (
2.13 (
1.62)
2.85)
BSHC G/KU HR (G/HP HR)
52.06 i
I 38.82)
24.20 1
: 18.04)
1.90
: i.42)
25.29 I
I 18.86)
BSCO G/KW HR (G/HP HR)
28.74
( 21.43)
17.% i
1 13.39)
4.63
( 3.46)
23.63 i
I 17.62)
BSC02 G/KW HR (G/HP HR)
1265.77 l
I 943.88)
1034.60 I
: 771.50)
821.15 i
1 612.33)
983.37 1
! 733.30)
BSNOX G/KW HR (G/HP HR)
5.34 i
( 3.98)
4.28 l
! 3.19)
4.46
( 3.33)
4.89 i
1 3.65)
BSFC KG/KW HR (LB/HP HR)
.464 '
I .762)
.358 I
.588)
.262
( .431)
.346 I
i .568)
TOTAL TEST RESULTS 4 BAGS
TOTAL KU HR (HP HR) 17.07(22.89)
BSHC G/KW HR (6/HP HR) 14.% ( 11.16)
BSCO G/KU HR (G/hP HR) 12.37 ( 9.22)
3SC02 S/KW HR (G/HP HR) 934. ( 697.)
BSNOX 6/KW HR (G/HP HR) 4.59 ( 3.42)
5SFC KG/KW HR (LB/HP HR) .314 1 .517)
(CONTINUOUS)
(CONTINUOUS)
PARTICULATE RESULTS, TOTAL FOR 4 BA6S
~«BOTH FILTERS USED FOR PARTICULATE***
90W PARTICULATE RATES GRAMS/TEST 66.970
S/KUHR (G/HPHR) 3.92 ( 2.93)
6/KG FUEL (G/LB FUEL) 12.48 < 5.66)
FILTER EFF. 95.8
C-10
-------
TABLE C-10. HIGH ALTITUDE HOT-START TRANSIENT EMISSION RESULTS
FOR THE CUMMINS NTC-350 WITH FIXED RETARDED TIMING - RUN 1
ENGINE hu.
ENGINE MODEL 84 CUMMINS NTC 350
ENGINE 14.0 LI855. CID) 1-6
CVS NO. 27
BAROMETER 737.11 MM HG(29.02 IN HG)
DRY BULB TEMP. (ENG.) 29.4 DEB CI85.0 DEB F)
BAG RESULTS
BAG NUMBER
DESCRIPTION
TIME SECONDS
TOT. BLOWER RATE SCMH (SCFM)
TOT. 90MM RATE SCMM (SCFM)
TOT. 20X20 RATE SCW (SCFM)
-QT. flUX. SAMPLE RATE SCMM (SCFM)
-:tsl flou std. cu. metresiscf)
HC SAMPLE
HC BCKGRD
:o sample
CO BCKGRD
C02 SAMPLE
C02 BCKGRD
NOX SAMPLE
NOX BCKGRD
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
(CTER/RflNGE/PCT
METER/RANGE/PCT
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
TEST NO.HA-1
DATE 6/13/89
Tilt
DYNO NO. 4
RUN I
DIESEL EM-834-f
BAG CART NO. 2
RELATIVE HUMIDITY , ENGINE-55. PCT , CVS-49. PCT ENG. DEM PT. 67.0 DEB F
ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY (ENG.) 14.7 GM/KGU02.7 GRAINS/LB) NOX HLHIDITY C.F. 1.0775
1
NYNF
2%. 7
50.91 ( 1797.7)
.02 ( .61)
.00 ( .0)
.00 ( .00)
251.8 I 3893.)
94.2/43/ 276.81
.8/43/ 3.20
79.5/13/192.74
.0/13/ .00
68.5/14/ .4787
11.1/14/ .0365
7.4/43/ 18.44
.7/ 1/ .19
2
LANF
300.1
50.63 ( 1787.6)
.02 (
.00 (
.00 (
5C7 7 '
.61)
.0)
.00)
3944.)
72.2/43/ £88.66
.8/43/ 3.20
79.2/13/191.93
.1/13/ .23
82.4/14/ .7036
11.3/14/ .0372
11.5/43/ 28.67
.0/ 2/ .00
3
LAF
305.1
50.02 (
.02 (
.00 (
. 00 (
254.4 i
1766.2)
.61)
.0)
.00)
8984.)
25.1/43/ 100.25
. 8/43/ 3.20
58.4/13/137.74
.0/13/ .00
89.9/ 1/1.6689
2.4/ 1/ .0423
35.4/43/ 88.48
.3/ 2/ .30
4
NYNF
306.3
49.98 ( 1764.7)
.02 ( .61)
.00 ( .0)
.00 ( .00)
255.2 ( 9012.)
73.3/43/ 293.35
.8/43/ 3.20
66.6/13/156.69
.0/13/ .00
67.6/14/ .4666
11.1/14/ .0365
8.3/43/ 20.68
.1/ 1/ .03
DILUTION FACTOR
HC CONCENTRATION PPM
CO CONCENTRATION PPM
CQ2 CONCENTRATION PCT
MOX CONCENTRATION PPM
25.04
373.74
187.90
.4437
17.76
17.84
285.64
186.07
.6685
27.82
7.92
97.45
131.14
1.6319
34.83
26.20
290.27
154.75
.4315
20.09
iC -IASS GRAMS
CD MASS GRAMS
C02 MASS GRAMS
NOX MASS GRAMS
FUEL KG (LB)
KU HR (HP HR)
54.273
55.092
2044.24
9.216
.723 (
2.10 (
1.59)
2.82)
41.721
54.872
3097.66
14.523
1.041 (
3.28 (
2.30)
4.40)
14.297
38.843
75%. 03
44.474
2.419 ( 5.33)
9.72 ( 13.04)
42.719
45.981
2014.86
10.568
.698 (
2.21 (
1.54)
2.97)
BSHC G/KU HR (G/HP HR)
BSCO G/KU HR (S/HP HR)
BSCOE G/KU HR (G/HP HR)
BSNOX G/KU HR (G/HP HR)
BSFC KG/KW HR (LB/W> HR)
25.81
26.20
972.12
4.38
.344
( 19.25)
( 19.54)
( 724.91)
( 3.27)
( .566)
12.72 ( 9.48)
16.72 ( 12.47)
944. 10 ( 704.01)
4.43 ( 3.30)
.317 ( .522)
1.47 ( 1.10)
3.99 ( 2.98)
781.17 ( 582.52)
4.57 ( 3.41)
.249 ( .409)
19.29 ( 14.38)
20.76 ( 15.48)
909.76 ( 67B.41)
4.77 ( 3.56)
.315 ( .518)
TOTAL TEST RESULTS 4 BA6S
PARTICULATE RESULTS, TOTAL FOR 4 BAGS
"~BOTH FILTERS USED FOR PARTICULATE***
TOTAL KU HR (HP HR)
17.32
( 23.23)
90W PARTICULATE RATES
GRAMS/TEST
46.769
3SHC G/KU HR (6/tP HR)
8.83
( 6.59)
(CONTINUOUS)
G/KUHR <6/HPHR>
2.70 I 2.01)
BSCO G/KU HR (B/W> HR)
11.24
( 8.39)
G/KG FUEL (G/LB FUEL)
9.58 C 4.34)
BSC02 G/KU HR (G/HP HR)
852.
( 635.)
FILTER EFF.
96.2
BSNOX G/KU HR (6/HP HR)
4.55
( 3.39)
(CONTINUOUS)
BSFC KG/KU HR (LB/HP HR)
.28£
< .463)
C-ll
-------
TABLE C-ll. HIGH ALTITUDE STEADY-STATE IDLE MODE EMISSION RESULTS
FOR THE CUMMINS NTC-350 WITH FIXED RETARDED TIMING - RUN 1
cNGI hit :«u.
ENGINE MODEL 34 CUMMINS NTC 350
ENGINE 14.0 L(355. CID) 1-6
CVS NO. £7
itsi nu.mh-i-ss
DATE 6/13/89
nit
DYNO NO. 4
RuNl
DIESEL EM-834-f
BflG CART NO. 2
BAROMETER 736.85 MM H6I29.01 IN H6)
CRY BULB TEMP. (ENG.) 29.4 DEB C(B5.0 DE6 F)
RELATIVE HUMIDITY , ENGINE-55. PCT , CVS-45. PCT ENG. DEW PT. 67.2 DEB F
ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY (ENG.) 14.8 GM/KGU03.4 6RAINS/LB) NOX HUMIDITY C.F. 1.0798
SAG RESULTS
BAG NUMBER
TIME SECONDS
TOT. BLOWER RATE SCMM (SCFM)
TOT. RATE SCMM (SCFM)
TOT. 20X20 RATE SOU (SCFM)
TOT. AUX. SAMPLE RATE SCMM (SCFM)
T0TAL FLOW STD. CU. METRES(SCF)
1
mo
51.24 ( 1809.2)
.04 (
.00 (
.00 (
769.2 «
1.48)
.0)
.00)
£7160.;
"C SAMPLE
iC BCKGRD
:: SAMPLE
10 ECKGRD
:C2 SAMPLE
C02 BCK6RD
NOX SAMPLE
NOX BCKGRD
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RAN6E/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PCT
METER/RAN6E/PCT
METER/RAN6E/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
53.6/44/ 474. %
i. 3/44/ 10.20
64.0/12/ 63.49
.0/12/ .00
50.3/12/ .0942
22.8/12/ .0358
1.1/43/ 2.72
.5/ 1/ .13
DILUTION FACTOR
HC CONCENTRATION PPM
CO CONCENTRATION PPM
J02 CONCENTRATION PCT
•(OX CONCENTRATION PPN
90.58
464.87
62.45
.0588
2.52
¦C "HSS GRAMS
CO MASS GRAMS
C02 MASS GRAMS
NOX MASS GRAMS
'DEL KG (LB)
206.135
55.922
627.92
4.008
.494 (
,09)
PARTICULATE RESULTS, TOTAL FOR 1 BAGS
~MBOTH FILTERS USED FOR PARTICULATE***
90MM PARTICULATE RATES GRAMS/TEST 41.399
G/KG FUEL (G/LB Fl£L) 83.85 (38.03)
FILTER EFF. 92.7
C-12
-------
TABLE C-12. HIGH ALTITUDE STEADY-STATE INTERMEDIATE EMISSION RESULTS
FOR THE CUMMINS NTC-350 WITH FIXED RETARDED TIMING - RUN 1
i*j.
EN6INE MODEL 34 CUMMINS NTC 350
ENGINE 14.0 L(B55. CID) 1-6
CVS NO. 27
TEST NO.HA-l-SS
DATE 6/13/89
TIME
DYNO NO. 4
RUN!
DIESEL EM-834-F
BA6 CART NO. 2
BAROMETER 736.35 MM H6(28.99 IN HG>
DRY BULB TEMP. (ENG.) 28.3 DEB C(83.0 DEB F)
RELATIVE HUMIDITY , EN6INE-57. PCT , CVS-41. PCT ENG. DEM PT. 66.2 DEB F
ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY (ENG.) 14.3 6M/KGC 99.9 GRAINS/LB) NOX HUMIDITY C.F. 1.0698
BAG RESULTS
BA6 NUMBER
TIME SECONDS
TOT. BLOWER RATE SDH (SCFM)
*0T. 90MM RATE SOU (SCFM)
T0T. 20X20 RATE SCMM (SCFM)
*0T. AUX. SAMPLE RATE SCMM (SCFM)
'3TAL FLOW STD. CU. !€TRES HR)
BSC02 G/KW HR (G/HP HR)
BSNOX G/KW HR (G/HP HR)
BSFC KG/KW HR (LB/HP HR)
.44 (
6.88 (
.33)
5.13)
774.45 ( 577.51)
4.85 ( 3.61)
.247 ( .406)
TOTAL TEST RESULTS 1 BAGS
TOTAL KW HR (HP HR) 24.54 ( 32.91)
BSHC S/KW HR (G/HP HR) .44 ( .33)
BSCO 6/KW HR (6/KP HR) 6.88 ( 5.13)
BSC02 G/KW HR (G/HP HR) 774. ( 578.)
BSNOX G/KU HR (G/HP HR) 4.85 ( 3.61)
BSFC K6/KW HR (LB/HP HR) . 247 ( .406)
(CONTINUOUS)
(CONTINUOUS)
PARTICULATE RESULTS, TOTAL FOR 1 BAGS
~~•BOTH FILTERS USED FOR PARTICULATE"*
90m PARTICULATE RATES GRAMS/TEST
G/KUHR(G/HPHR)
6/K6 FUEL (G/LB FUEL)
FILTER EFF.
C-13
37.658
1.53 ( 1.14)
6.21 ( 2.82)
97.2
-------
TABLE C-13. HIGH ALTITUDE COLD-START TRANSIENT EMISSION RESULTS
FOR THE CUMMINS NTC-350 WITH FIXED RETARDED TIMING - RUN 2
ENGINE MO.
£NGINE v<0DEL 34 CUMMINS NTC 350
ENGINE 14.0 L(B55. CID) 1-6
CVS NO. £7
TEST NO.HA-2
DATE 6/1A/89
TIME
DYNO NO. 4
RUN1
DIESEL EM-834-f
BA6 CART NO. £
BAROMETER 739.29 MM H6I29.11 IN HG)
DRY BULB TEHP. (ENG.) 26.1 DEG C(79.0 DEB F)
RELATIVE HUMIDITY . ENGINE-63. PCT , CVS-61. PCT ENG. DEW PT. 65.5 DEG F
ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY (ENG.) 13.9 GK/KGI 97.0 GRAINS/LB) NOX HUMIDITY C.F. 1.0607
BAG RESULTS
BAG NUMBER
DESCRIPTION
TIME SECONDS
*DT. BLOWER RATE SCUM (SCFM)
"OT. SOHM RATE SOW (SCFM)
*0T. £0X20 RATE SCIW (SCFM)
3T. AUX. SAMPLE RATE SCM1 (SCFM)
_;PL FLOW STD. Lj. METRES(SCF)
NYNF
296.9
52.35
.02
.00
.'JO
.cq 3
1848.5)
.71)
.0)
.00)
?151.;
LAfF
300.4
.82 (
.02 (
.00 (
.-0 (
1865.0)
.71)
.0)
.CO)
£64.5 ( 3341.,
LAF
300.4
51.60 ( 1821.9)
.02 ( .71)
.00 ( .0)
. oO I .00)
L58.4 ' 3125.:
4
NYNF
305.9
51.20 ( 1807.8)
.02 ( .71)
.00 ( .0)
.00 ( .00)
£61.1 ( 9220.)
HC SAMPLE
-£ BCKGRD
CO SAMPLE
£3 FCKGRD
C02 SAMPLE
COS BCKGRD
NOX SAMPLE
NOX BCKGRD
METER/RANK/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PCT
METER/RANGE/PCT
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
92. 1/44/ 739.86
1.7/44/ 13.34
38.4/13/216.99
7.2/13/ 16.43
76.5/14/ . 5905
21.6/14/ .0814
9.1/43/ 22.67
5.7 / 1/ 1.49
65.4/44/ 520.92
1.7/44/ 13.34
77.7/13/187.91
5.0/13/ 11.42
34.8/14/ .7514
£1.4/14/ .0804
12. 1/43/ 30. 19
1.6/ 2/ 1.61
17.5/44/ 139.3c
1.7/44/ 13.34
67.6/13/161.28
4.2/13/ 9.59
97, c/ 1/1.8117
5.8/ 1/ . 1028
35.2/43/ 88.07
3.3/ 2/ 3.32
43.1/44 / 344.23
1.7/44/ 13.34
72.5/13/174.10
2.6/13/ 5.94
70.4/14/ .5051
19.0/14/ .0692
8.9/43/ 22.24
1.6/ 2/ 1.61
DILUTION FACTOR
--C CONCENTRATION PPM
CO CONCENTRATION PCM
_C£ CONCENTRATION PCT
'.OK CONCENTRATION PPM
19.32
727.21
194.93
.3213
-0.63
16.31
508.39
170.98
.6759
£7.81
7.28
127.31
144.37
:.,"23o
31. £0
24.08
331.44
163.39
.4388
20.10
HC .^ASS GRAMS
CO MASS GRAMS
COS MASS GRAMS
NOX MASS uRAMS
FUEL KG (LB)
KU HR (HP HR)
108.667
58.810
2471.54
10.847
.914 ( 2.01)
1.92 ( 2.57)
77. 549
52.656
3270.95
14.924
1.131 I
3.20 (
2.49)
4.29)
2,
'9.046
43. 435
8146.33
«2.882
599 (
9.66 ;
5. M)
12.96)
49.903
49.669
20%. 06
10.648
.733 (
2.12 (
1.62)
2.84)
i?SHC G/KU HR (G/HP HR)
56.70 i
: 42.28)
24.24 l
: 18.08)
1,37
( 1.47)
23.56
( 17.57)
BSCO G/KW HR (G/HP HR)
30.69 '
I 22.88)
16.4b i
I 12.27)
*.49
( 3.35)
23.45
( 17.49)
3SC02 G/KU HR (G/rt5 HR)
1289.65 1
: 961.69)
1022.47 1
: 762.46)
842.94
( 628.58)
989.74
( 738.05)
BSNOX G/KU HR (G/HP HR)
5.66 i
: 4.22)
4.67 i
1 3.48)
4.44
( 3.31)
5.03
( 3.75)
SSFC KG/KU HR (LB/HP HR)
.477 i
.784)
.353 1
! .581)
.269
( .442)
. 346
( .569)
TOTAL TEST RESULTS 4 BAGS
TOTAL KP HR !H> HR) 16.90 ( 22.66)
BSHC G/KU HR (G/H> HR) 15.10 ( 11.26) (CONTINUOUS)
3SC0 G/KU HR (G/HP HR) 12.11 ( 9.03)
3SC02 G/KW HR (G/HP HR) 946. ( 705.)
rSNQX G/KU HR (G/W> HR) 4.69 ( 3.50) (CONTINUOUS)
5SFC .-'G/KU HR (LB/HP HR) .318 ( .523)
PARTICULATE RESULTS, TOTAL FOR 4 BAGS
"~BOTH FILTERS USED FOR PARTICULATE*"
90MM PARTICULATE RATES 6RAMS/TEST 64.001
6/KUHR (6/HPHR) 3.79 ( 2.82)
G/KG FUEL (G/LB FUEL) 11.91 < 5.40)
FILTER EFF. 52.5
C-14
-------
TABLE C-14. HIGH ALTITUDE HOT-START TRANSIENT EMISSION RESULTS
FOR THE CUMMINS NTC-350 WITH FIXED RETARDED TIMING - RUN 2
EN6INE MO.
ENGINE 10DEL 34 CUMMINS NTC 350
ENGINE 14.0 L(855. CID) 1-6
CVS NO. 17
TEST NO.Hft-2
DATE 6/14/09
Tift
DYNO NO. 4
RUNI
DIESEL EM-834-F
BAG CART NO. 2
BAROMETER 733.39 MM H6I29.11 IN H6>
DRY BULB TEMP. (ENG.) 26.7 DEB ClflO.O DEB F)
RELATIVE HUMIDITY , ENGINE-57. PCT , CVS-55. PCT ENG. DEW PT. 63.5 DEB F
ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY (ENG.) 12.9 6M/KG( 90.3 GRAINS/LB) NOX HUMIDITY C.F. 1.0415
BAG RESULTS
BA6 NUMBER
DESCRIPTION
TIME SECONDS
TOT. BLOUER RATE SOW (SCFH)
"0T. %MM RATE SCMM (SCFM)
TOT. 10X20 RATE SOU (SCFM)
'OT. SUX. SAMPLE RATE SCMM (SCFM)
¦ 3TflL FLOW STD. CU. METRES tSCF)
1
NYNF
2%. a
51.36
.02
.'00
.00
254. e
1813.5)
.69)
.0)
.00)
3974.
2
LANF
306.0
50.39 ( 1779.3)
.02
.00
..0
157.;
( .69)
( .0)
( .00)
( 9078.)
3
LAF
299.7
50.33 ( 1777.1)
.02 (
.00 (
.00 <
151.5 (
.69)
.0)
.00)
aaflo.)
4
NYfF
305.6
49.82 I 1759.0)
.02 ( .69)
.00 ( .0)
.00 ( .00)
153.8 ( 8963.)
HC SAMPLE
KC BCXGRD
CO SAMPLE
CO BCKGRD
C02 SAMPLE
C02 BCKGRD
NOX SAMPLE
MOX BCKGRD
METER/RANGE/PPM
l"ETER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPH
METER/RANGE/PPM
~ETER/RANGE/PCT
METER/RANGE/PCT
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPH
72.2/44/ 575.24
1.6/44/ 12.55
87.4/13/214.23
1.7/13/ 3.88
70.4/14/ .5051
13.8/14/ .0470
8.1/43/ 20. 13
1.7/ 1/ .45
28.0/44/ 303.64
1.6/44/ 12.55
31.1/13/197.05
1.3/13/ 5.25
83.5/14/ .7251
16.0/14/ .0561
12.2/43/ 30.47
.5/ 1/ .50
13.3/44/ 105.31
1.6/44/ 12.55
52.0/13/146.87
2.1/13/ 4.80
93.0/ 1/1.7292
4.8/ 1/ .0849
37.9/43/ 94.64
2.2/ 2/ 1.22
39.4/44/ 315.31
1.6/44/ 12.55
39.0/13/164.92
2.0/13/ 4.57
69.9/14/ .4981
17.1/14/ .0608
9.0/43/ 22.61
1.0/ 2/ 1.01
DILUTION FACTOR
HC CONCENTRATION PPM
CO CONCENTRATION PPM
C02 CONCENTRATION PCT
JOX CONCENTRATION PPM
22.97
563.23
204.71
.4602
19.20
17.30
291.81
185.95
. a723
19.17
7.64
94.40
135.29
1.6554
39.23
24.56
303.27
156.12
.4398
11.08
-£ MASS GRAMS
CO MASS GRAMS
C02 MASS GRAMS
NOX MASS GRAMS
FUEL KG (LB)
KW HR (HP HR)
32.541
60.570
2139.67
9.719
.784 (
2.08 (
1.73)
2.79)
*3.260
55.657
3162.05
14.937
,064 ( 2.34)
3.25 ( 4.36)
13.688
39.610
7615.98
*4.722
1.425 ( 5.35)
9.67 ! 12.97)
44.386
46.133
2042.05
10.660
.708 ( 1.56)
2.16 ( 2.89)
BSHC G/'KW HR (G/HP HR)
BSCO G/KU HR (G/HP HR)
BSC02 G/KU HR (G/HP HR)
BSNOX G/KU HR (G/HP HR)
BSFC KG/KU HR (LB/HP HR)
39.67 ( 29.58)
29.11 ( 21.71)
1028.44 ( 766.91)
4.67 ( 3.48)
.377 ( .620)
13.31 ( 9.92)
17.12 ( 12.77)
972.56 < 725.24)
4.59 ( 3.43)
.327 ( .538)
1.42 ( 1.06)
4.10 ( 3.05)
787.45 ( 587.20)
4.62 ( 3.45)
.251 ( .412)
20.60 ( 15.36)
21.41 ( 15.96)
947.56 ( 706.59)
4.95 ( 3.69)
.329 ( .540)
TOTAL TEST RESULTS 4 BAGS
TOTAL KU HR (HP HR)
BSHC G/KU HR (G/H> HR)
BSCO G/KU HR (G/rt> HR)
3SC02 G/KU HR (G/HP HR)
BSNOX G/KU HR (G/HP HR)
PARTICULATE RESULTS, TOTAL FOR 4 BA6S
"~BOTH FILTERS USED FOR PARTICULATE"*
17.16 ( 23.01) 90MH PARTICULATE RATES GRAMS/TEST 53.740
10.72 ( 7.99) (CONTINUOUS) B/KUHR(G/K>HR) 3.13 ( 2.34)
11.77 ( 8.78) G/K6 FUEL (6/LB FUEL) 10.79 ( 4.89)
372. ( 650.) FILTER EFF. 92.0
4.66 ( 3.48) (CONTINUOUS) C-15
BSFC KG/KU HR (LB/HP HR) .290 1 .477)
-------
TABLE C-15. HIGH ALTITUDE STEADY-STATE IDLE MODE EMISSION RESULTS
FOR THE CUMMINS NTC-350 WITH FIXED RETARDED TIMING - RUN 2
ENGINE NO.
ENGINE 10DEL 34 CUWINS NTC 350
ENGINE 14.0 L (855. CID) 1-6
CVS NO. .17
TEST NO.HA-2
DATE 6/1A/89
TIME
DYNO NO. 4
RUN1
DIESEL EN-834-f
BAG CART NO. 2
BAROMETER 739.1* MM HG(29.10 IN HG)
DRY BULB TEMP. (ENG.) £6.7 DEE CIBO.O DEE F)
RELATIVE HUMIDITY , ENGINE-61. PCT , CVS-58. PCT ENG. DEW PT. 65.5 DEG F
ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY [ENG.) 13.9 GM/KG( 97.1 GRAINS/LB) NOX HUMIDITY C.F. 1.0608
BAG RESULTS
BAG NUMBER
~IME SECONDS
mo
*0T. BLOUER RATE SCMM (SCFM)
50.90
1797. 1)
'OT. 30MM RATE SCMM (SCFM)
,02
. 73)
"IT. £0X20 RATE SCMM (SCFM)
.00
.0)
¦OT. MIX. SAMPLE RATE SCMM (SCFM)
.00
.00)
"hl FLOU STD. CJ. METRES (SCF)
063. 7
Co9bfl.
-AMPLE METER/RANGE/PPM
-C BCKGRD METER/RANGE/PPM
co sample ieter/range/ppm
:: eCKBRD METER/RftNGE/PPM
"0£ SAMPLE METER/RANGE/PCT
COS BCK6RD METER/RAN6E/PCT
NOX SAMPLE METER/RANGE/PPM
SOX BCKGRD METER/RANGE/PPM
39.9/4i/ 720.31
2.3/44/ 13.06
44.7/13/103.83
¦.9/13/ 1.34
77.1/12/ .1706
36.7/12/ .0630
1.8/43/ 1.40
1.9/ 1/ .50
EiLUTICN FACTOR
-C CONCENTRATION PPM
C CONCENTRATION PPM
"OE CONCENTRATION PCT
MIX CONCENTRATION PPM
53.00
703. 19
97.41
. 1088
2.81
-0 "ASS GRAMS
CO -OSS GRAMS
COO MASS GRAMS
TO -ASS GRAMS
"JEL .-;S »L3)
309.672
86.612
1519.59
5.8%
.830 ( 1.83)
PARTICULATE RESULTS, TOTAL FOR 1 BAGS
"~BOTH FILTERS USED FOR PARTICULATE«*
30MM PARTICULATE RATES GRAMS/TEST 72.655
G/KG FUEL (6/LB FUEL) 87.58 (39.72)
FILTER EFF. 91.3
C-16
-------
TABLE C-16. HIGH ALTITUDE STEADY-STATE INTERMEDIATE EMISSION RESULTS
FOR THE CUMMINS NTC-350 WITH FIXED RETARDED TIMING - RUN 2
ENGINE NO.
ENGINE MODEL 34 CUMMINS NTC 350
ENGINE 14.0 L(B55. CID) 1-6
CVS NO. 27
TEST NO.Hft-8
DATE 6/14/89
TIK
DYNO NO. 4
RUN1
DIESEL EM-834-F
BAG CART NO. 2
BAROMETER 738.89 MM HG(29.09 IN HB)
DRY BULB TEMP. (ENG.) 27.S DEG C(82.0 DEG F)
RELATIVE HUMIDITY , ENGINE-61. PCT , CVS-54. PCT ENG. DEU PT. 67.0 DEB F
ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY (ENG.) 14.6 GM/KGU0S.4 GRAINS/LB) NOX HUMIDITY C.F. 1.0767
BAG RESULTS
BA6 NUMBER
TIME SECONDS
TOT. BLOWER RATE SOW (SCFM)
TOT. 90MM RATE SCUM (SCFM)
TOT. 20X20 RATE SCW (SCFM)
TOT. AUX. SAWLE RATE SCMM (SCFM)
"3TAL "wQW STD. CU. METRES(SCFJ
1
300.2
50.57 (
.01 (
.00 (
.00 <
'59.0 (
1785.7)
.51)
.0)
. oo>
26799.)
-£ EAMPLE
-C 3CKGRD
:a SAMPLE
CO ECK3RD
COS SAMPLE
COS BCXGRD
NOX SAMPLE
NOX ECK6RD
METER/RANGE/PPN
IOER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PCT
METER/RANGE/PCT
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
•3.2/43/ 32.99
2.5/43/ 10.00
82.0/13/199.49
2.1/13/ 4.80
75.5/ 1/1.3933
4.3/ 1/ .0760
30.6/43/ 76.53
1.8/ 2/ 1.31
DILUTION FACTOR
'¦€ CONCENTRATION PPM
CO CONCENTRATION PPM
COS CONCENTRATION PCT
NOX CONCENTRATION PPM
9.47
23.94
186.47
1.3S53
-C MASS GRAMS
CO ufiSS GRAMS
CC2 MASS GRAMS
NOX MASS GRAMS
FUEL KG (LB)
HW HR (HP HR)
10.479
164.761
18401.71
112.823
5.870 ( 12.94)
24.97 ( 33.49)
BSHC G/KW HR (G/HP HR)
5SC0 G/KU HR (G/HP HR)
BSC02 G/KW HR (G/HP HR)
BSNOX G/KU HR (G/HP HR)
BSFC KG/KU HR (LB/HP HR)
.42 (
6.60 (
.31)
4.93)
736.85 ( 549.47)
4.52 ( 3.37)
.235 (
.386)
TOTAL TEST RESULTS 1 BAGS
TOTAL KW HR (HP HR) 24.97
BSHC G/KW HR (G/HP HR> .42
BSCO G/KU HR (G/hP HR) 6.60
BSC02 B/KU HR (G/HP HR) 737.
3SNQX G/KU HR (G/HP HR) 4.52
33.49)
.31)
4.92)
549.)
3.37)
(CONTINUOUS)
(CONTINUOUS)
PARTICULATE RESULTS, TOTAL FOR 1 BAGS
"~BOTH FILTERS USED FOR PARTICULATE*"
90*1 PARTICULATE RATES
GRAMS/TEST
G/KWHR(G/HPHR)
S/KB FUEL (G/LB FUEL)
FILTER EFF.
39.071
1.56 ( 1.17)
6.66 ( 3.02)
97.5
3SFC KG/KU HR (LB/HP HR) .235 ( .386)
C-17
-------
TABLE C-17. LOW ALTITUDE HOT-START TRANSIENT EMISSION RESULTS
FOR THE CUMMINS NTC-350 WITH VARIABLE TIMING OPERATING NORMALLY
ENGINE NO.
ENGINE MODEL 84 CUMMINS NTC 350
ENGIte 14.0 L(855. CID) 1-6
CVS NO. 27
BAROMETER 743.20 M HG<29.26 IN HG>
DRY BILB TEMP. (ENG.) 30.6 DEB C(07.O DEG F)
TEST NO.LA-3
DATE 6/16/89
TINE
DM) NO. 4
RUN1
DIESEL EM-834-F
BflG CART NO. 2
RELATIVE HUMIDITY , ENGINE-31. PCT , CVS-41. PCT ENG. DEW PT. 53.0 DEG F
ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY (ENG.) 8.7 GM/KGl 61.2 GRAINS/LB) NOX HUMIDITY C.F. .9655
BAG RESULTS
BAG NUMBER
TIME SECONDS
TOT. BLOWER RATE SCMM (SCFX)
TOT. 30m RATE SO* (SCFM)
TOT. 20X20 RATE SOW (SCFM)
TOT. AUX. SAMPLE RATE SO* (SCFM)
"3TAL FLOW STD. CU. METRES(SCF)
1207.6
52.31 ( 1647.1)
.03 ( 1.20)
.00 ( .0)
.00 ( .00)
1053.5 ( 37200.)
HC SAMPLE
HC BCKSRD
CO SACPLE
CO BCKGRD
COS SAMPLE
C02 BCKGRD
NOX SAMPLE
NOX BCKGRD
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PCT
tETER/RAN6E/PCT
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
42.9/41/ 42.83
7.1/41/ 7.10
47.6/12/ 46.89
1.0/12/ 1.01
37. 1/14/ .8004
14.7/14/ .0506
25.8/43/ 64.44
1.3/ 2/ 1.31
DILUTION FACTOR
HC CONCENTRATION PPM
CO CONCENTRATION PPM
C02 CONCENTRATION PCT
NOX CONCENTRATION PPM
16.56
36.17
44.61
.7528
61.83
HC MASS 6RAMS
CO MASS GRAMS
C02 MASS GRAMS
SOX MASS GRAMS
FUEL KG (LB)
KW HR (HP HR)
21.970
54.716
14508.51
120.274
4.605 ( 10.15)
17.20 ( 23.07)
BSHC S/KW HR (G/HP HR)
3SC0 G/KW HR (G/HP HR)
BSC02 G/KW HR (G/HP HR)
BSNOX 6/KW HR (G/HP HR)
BSFC KG/KU HR (LB/HP HR)
1.28 (
3.18 (
843.36 (
6.99 (
.268 (
.95)
2.37)
628.89)
5.21)
.440)
TOTAL TEST RESULTS 1 BAGS
TOTAL KW HR HR) 17.20
BSHC G/KW HR (G/HP HR) 1.28
BSCO G/KW HR (G/HP HR) 3.18
BSC02 G/KW HR (G/HP HR) 843.
BSNOX G/KW HR (G/HP HR) 6.99
23.07)
.95)
2.37)
629.)
5.21)
(CONTINUOUS)
(CONTINUOUS)
PARTICULATE RESULTS, TOTAL FOR 1 BAGS
wBOTH FILTERS USED FOR PARTICULATE***
90MM PARTICULATE RATES
GRAMS/TEST
6/KUHR(6/HPHR)
6/K6 FUEL 16/LB FUEL)
FILTER EFF.
10.819
.63 ( .47)
2.35 ( 1.07)
96.4
SSFC KG/KW HR (LB/HP HR) .268 ( .440)
C-18
-------
TABLE C-18. LOW ALTITUDE STEADY-STATE IDLE MODE EMISSION RESULTS
FOR THE CUMMINS NTC-350 WITH VARIABLE TIMING OPERATING NORMALLY
ENGINE NO.
EN6INE MODEL 84 CUWINS NTC 350
ENGINE 14.0 1(855. CID) 1-6
CVS NO. 27
TEST NO.Hft-3
DATE 6/16/89
TIME
DYNO NO. 4
RUN1
DIESa EM-834-F
GAG CART NO. 2
BAROMETER 742.95 MM HG<29.25 IN H6)
DRY BULB TEW. (EN6.) £8.3 DEB C(B3.0 DE6 F)
RELATIVE HUMIDITY , ENGIfc-30. PCT , CVS-39. PCT EN6. DEH PT. 54.5 DEB F
ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY (ENG.) 9.3 GM/K6( 64.8 GRAINS/LB) NOX HUMIDITY C.F. .9741
BAG RESULTS
BAG NUMBER
TIME SECONDS
TOT. BLOWER RATE SOW (SCFM)
TOT. 30MM RATE SO* (SCFM)
TOT. 20X20 RATE SOU (SCFM)
"QT. hUX. SAMPLE RATE SOW (SCFM)
TOTAL FLOW STD. CU. METRES(SCF)
1
900.0
52.55 ( 1B55.4)
.05 ( 1.63)
.00 ( .0)
. 00 ( .00)
788.9 ( £7856.)
:4C
SAMPLE
METER/RANGE/PPM
*2.4/41/
h2. 33
HC
BCKGRD
METER/RAN6E/PPM
7.7/41/
7.70
CO
SAMPLE
METER/RANGE/PPM
11.6/12/
11.57
CO
BCKGRD
METER/RANGE/PPM
.7/12/
.71
C02
SAMPLE
METER/RANGE/PCT
61.9/12/
.1247
C02
BCKGRD
METER/RANGE/PCT
24.3/12/
.0385
NOX
SAMPLE
METER/RANGE/PPM
3.9/43/
9.80
NOX
BCKGRD
METER/RANGE/PPM
1.0/ 1/
.£6
DILUTION FACTOR
HC CONCENTRATION PPM
CO CONCENTRATION PPM
C02 CONCENTRATION PCT
NOX CONCENTRATION PPM
103.02
34.77
10.70
.0866
9.38
HC MASS GRAMS
CO MASS GRAMS
COS MASS GRAMS
NOX MASS GRAMS
FUEL KG (LB)
15.817
9.828
1249.46
13.792
.413 (
.91)
PARTICULATE RESULTS, TOTAL FOR 1 BAGS
"~BOTH FILTERS USED FOR PARTICULATE***
90W PARTICULATE RATES GRAMS/TEST 2.168
G/KB FUEL (6/LB FUEL) 5.25 ( 2.38)
FILTER EFF. 83.5
C-19
-------
TABLE C-19. HIGH ALTITUDE HOT-START TRANSIENT EMISSION RESULTS
FOR THE CUMMINS NTC-350 WITH VARIABLE TIMING OPERATING NORMALLY
ENGINE NO.
ENGINE MODEL S4 CUWINS NTC 350
ENGINE 14.0 L(855. CID) 1-6
CVS NO. 27
TEST N0.HA-3
DATE 6/15/89
TINE
DYND NO. 4
RUN1
DIESEL EM-834-F
BAB CART NO. 2
BAROMETER 741.43 m H6(29.19 IN HG)
DRV BULB TEMP. (ENG.) 26.9 0E6 C(84.0 DE6 F)
RELATIVE HUMIDITY , ENGINE-36. PCT , CVS-31. PCT ENG. DEW PT. 54.0 DEB F
ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY (ENG.) 9.1 6N/K6( 63.7 BRAINS/LB) NOX HUMIDITY C.F. .9715
BAG RESULTS
BA6 NUMBER
TIME SECONDS
TOT. BLOUER RATE SOU (SCFM)
TOT. 30m RATE SOU (SCFM)
TOT. 20X20 RATE SOU (SCFM)
TOT. AUX. SAMPLE RATE SOU (SCFM)
TOTAL FLOW STD. CU. METRES(SCF)
1
1206.7
51.61 ( 1822.4)
.03 ( 1.04)
.00 ( .0)
.00 ( .00)
1040.3 ( 36734.)
rIC SAMPLE
HC BCK6RD
CO SAMPLE
CO BCK6RD
C02 SAMPLE
COS BCK6RD
NOX SAMPLE
NOX BCKSRD
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
fCTER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PCT
METER/RAN6E/PCT
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RflNGE/PPM
53.5/41/ 53.50
10.7/41/ 10.69
87.2/12/ 87.37
.8/12/ .81
87.9/14/ .8182
16.7/14/ .0590
23.6/43/ 58.99
.7I 2/ .71
DILUTION FACTOR
HC CONCENTRATION PPM
CO CONCENTRATION PPM
C02 CONCENTRATION PCT
NOX CONCENTRATION PPM
16.11
43.47
84.35
.7628
57.08
HC "IASS GRAMS
CO MASS GRAMS
C02 MASS GRAMS
NOX MASS GRAMS
FUEL KG (LB)
KU HR (HP HR)
26.075
102.163
14517.39
110.329
4.635 ( 10.22)
17.02 ( 22.83)
BSHC 6/KU HR (G/HP HR)
BSCO G/KU HR (6/HP HR)
BSC02 6/KU HR (G/HP HR)
BSNOX G/KU HR <6/HP HR)
BSFC KS/KU HR (LB/HP HR)
1.53 (
6.00 (
1.14)
4.47)
852.74 ( 635.89)
6.48 ( 4.83)
.272 ( .448)
TOTAL TEST RESULTS 1 BA6S
TOTAL KU HR HR)
BSHC G/KU HR <6/W> HR)
BSCO G/KU HR (6/HP HR)
BSC02 G/KU HR (6/HP HR)
BSNOX B/KU HR (6/HP HR)
17.02 ( 22.83)
1.53 ( 1.14) (CONTINUOUS)
6.00 ( 4.47)
853. ( 636.)
6.48 ( 4.83) (CONTINUOUS)
BSFC K6/KU HR (LB/HP HR) .272 ( .448)
PARTICULATE RESULTS, TOTAL FOR 1 BAGS
tMBOTH FILTERS USED FOR PARTICULATE***
90MH PARTICULATE RATES 6RANS/TEST
G/KUHR(G/WHR)
6/K6 FUEL (6/LB FUEL)
FILTER EFF.
C-20
15.614
.92 ( .68)
3.37 ( 1.33)
96.8
-------
TABLE C-20. HIGH ALTITUDE STEADY-STATE IDLE MODE EMISSION RESULTS
FOR THE CUMMINS NTC-350 WITH VARIABLE TIMING OPERATING NORMALLY
ENGINE NO.
EN6INE MODEL 84 CUMMINS NTC 350
ENGINE 14.0 L (855- CID) 1-6
CVS NO. 27
TEST NO.Hfl-3
DATE 6/15/89
TIME
DYNO NO. 4
RUN1
DIESEL EM-634-F
BflG CART NO. 2
BAROPCTER 741.43 m H6(29.19 IN HG)
DRY BULB TEMP. (ENG.) 27.8 DEB CCQ2.0 DEB F)
RELATIVE HUMIDITY , ENGINE-46. PCT , CVS-37. PCT ENG. DEW PT. 59.0 DEB F
ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY (ENG.) 10.9 GM/K6( 76.6 GRAINS/LB) NOX HUMIDITY C.F. 1.0041
BflG RESULTS
BA6 NUMBER
TIME SECONDS
TOT. BLOWER RATE SCMM (SCFM)
TOT. 90MM RATE SOW (SOTO
TOT. 20X20 RATE SCMN (SCFM)
TOT. flUX. SAMPLE RATE SCW (SCFM)
TOTAL FLOW STD. CU. METRES(SCF)
1
899.9
51.44 ( 1816.5)
.03 ( 1.20)
.00 ( .0)
.00 ( .00)
772.1 ( £7262.)
HC SAMPLE
HC BCK6RD
CO SAMPLE
CO BCK6RD
cos s/mi
C02 BCKGRD
NOX SAMPLE
NOX BCKGRD
NETER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RAN6E/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
METER/RANGE/PPM
NETER/RANGE/PCT
METER/RANGE/PCT
METER/RANGE/PPM
ICTER/RANGE/PPM
46.0/41/ 45.96
10.1/41/ 10.09
12.6/12/ 12.55
.1/12/ .10
72.4/12/ . J 556
31.3/12/ .0531
4.7/43/ 11.72
1.4/ 1/ .37
DILUTION FACTOR
HC CONCENTRATION PPM
CO CONCENTRATION PPM
C02 CONCENTRATION PCT
NOX CONCENTRATION PPM
82. TO
35.99
12.27
.1032
11.15
HC MASS GRAMS
CO MASS GRAMS
C02 MASS GRAMS
NOX MASS GRAMS
FUEL KG (LB)
16.023
11.025
1457.33
16.532
.479 ( 1.06)
PARTICULATE RESULTS, TOTAL FOR 1 BA6S
*«B0TH FILTERS USED FOR PARTICULATE***
90W PARTICULATE RATES BRAMS/TEST 1.874
5/K6 FUEL (6/LB FUEL) 3.91 ( 1.77)
FILTER EFF. 77.4
C-21
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APPENDIX D
TRANSIENT AND STEADY-STATE ALDEHYDE
RESULTS FROM CUMMINS NTC-350
-------
TABLE D-l. LOW ALTITUDE ALDEHYDE EMISSION RESULTS3 FOR THE
CUMMINS NTC-350 • RUN 1 WITH FIXED RETARDED TIMING
Cold-Start Emissions
Aldehyde
me/test
mg/hp-hr
Formaldehyde
3,350
143
Acetaldehyde
1,470
63
Acrolein
874
37
Acetone
397
17
Propionaldehyde
580
25
Crotonaldehyde
254
11
Isobutyraldehyde + MEK
1,130
48
Benzaldehyde
504
22
Hexanaldehyde
423
18
Total Aldehydes
8,980
384
Hot-Start Emissions
Aldehyde
me/test
me/hD-hr
Formaldehyde
2,780
119
Acetaldehyde
1,170
50
Acrolein
889
38
Acetone
260
11
Propionaldehyde
457
20
Crotonaldehyde
218
9
Isobutyraldehyde + MEK
958
41
Benzaldehyde
454
19
Hexanaldehyde
536
23
Total Aldehydes
7,720
330
Idle Emissions
Aldehyde
mg/test
mg/hr
Formaldehyde
2,700
11,100
Acetaldehyde
1,210
4,850
Acrolein
734
2,940
Acetone
303
1,210
Propionaldehyde
455
1,820
Crotonaldehyde
199
795
Isobutyraldehyde + MEK
792
3,170
Benzaldehyde
436
1,740
Hexanaldehyde
314
1.260
Total Aldehydes
7,140
28,900
1300 RPM at 50% Load
Aldehyde
mg/test
m^o-hr
Formaldehyde
324
10
Acetaldehyde
99
3
Acrolein
69
2
Acetone
0
0
Propionaldehyde
32
1
Crotonaldehyde
14
0
Isobutyraldehyde + MEK
54
2
Benzaldehyde
21
1
Hexanaldehyde
18
1
Total Aldehydes
631
20
aValues are generally considered usable to only two significant figures.
D-2
-------
TABLE D-2. LOW ALTITUDE ALDEHYDE EMISSION RESULTS8 FOR THE
CUMMINS NTC-350 ¦ RUN 2 WITH FIXED RETARDED TIMING
Cold-Start Emissions
Aldehyde
mg/test
mg/hp-hr
Formaldehyde
3,710
157
Acetaldehyde
1,550
65
Acrolein
838
35
Acetone
617
26
Propionaldehyde
640
27
Crotonaldehyde
310
13
Isobutyraldehyde + MEK
1,120
47
Benzaldehyde
532
22
Hcxanaldehyde
629
35
Total Aldehydes
10,100
427
Hot-Start Emissions
Aldehyde
me/test
me/hD-hr
Formaldehyde
2,510
108
Acetaldehyde
1,190
51
Acrolein
623
27
Acetone
514
22
Propionaldehyde
440
19
Crotonaldehyde
228
10
Isobutyraldehyde + MEK
744
32
Benzaldehyde
359
15
Hexanaldehyde
638
22
Total Aldehydes
7,250
311
Idle Emissions
Aldehyde
mg/test
me/hr
Formaldehyde
4,310
17,200
Acetaldehyde
1,920
7,690
Acrolein
1,170
4,700
Acetone
511
2,040
Propionaldehyde
737
2,950
Crotonaldehyde
259
1,040
Isobutyraldehyde + MEK
1,240
4,960
Benzaldehyde
432
1,730
Hexanaldehyde
485
1.940
Total Aldehydes
11,100
44,300
1300 RPM at 50% Load
Aldehyde
ma/test
mj^D-hr
Formaldehyde
439
13
Acetaldehyde
154
5
Acrolein
181
6
Acetone
14
0
Propionaldehyde
56
2
Crotonaldehyde
30
1
Isobutyraldehyde + MEK
95
3
Benzaldehyde
47
2
Hexanaldehyde
32
I
Total Aldehydes
1,050
33
aValues are generally considered usable to only two significant figures.
D-3
-------
TABLE D-3. HIGH ALTITUDE ALDEHYDE EMISSION RESULTS8 FOR THE
CUMMINS NTC-350 - RUN 1 WITH FIXED RETARDED TIMING
Cold-Start Emissions
Aldehvde
me/test
mg/ho-hr
Formaldehyde
6,540
286
Acetaldehyde
2,860
125
Acrolein
1,590
70
Acetone
531
23
Propionaldehyde
1,080
47
Crotonaldehyde
337
15
Isobutyraldehyde + MEK
1,530
67
Benzaldehyde
557
24
Hexanaldehyde
717
11
Total Aldehydes
15,700
688
Hot-Start Emissions
Aldehyde
mg/test
mg/hD-hr
Formaldehyde
7,580
327
Acetaldehyde
3,470
149
Acrolein
2,070
89
Acetone
641
28
Propionaldehyde
1,480
64
Crotonaldehyde
666
29
Isobutyraldehyde + MEK
2,410
104
Benzaldehyde
1,200
52
Hexanaldehyde
1,630
70
Total Aldehydes
21,100
912
Idle Emissions
Aldehvde
mg/test
mg/hr
Formaldehyde
8,830
35,300
Acetaldehyde
4,290
17,200
Acrolein
2,390
9,570
Acetone
526
2,130
Propionaldehyde
1,860
7,420
Crotonaldehyde
803
3,210
Isobutyraldehyde + MEK
2,760
11,100
Benzaldehyde
1,410
5,630
Hexanaldehyde
1,760
7,040
Total Aldehydes
24,600
98,600
1300 RPM at 50% Load
Aldehyde
mg/test
mg/hp-hr
Formaldehyde
711
22
Acetaldehyde
234
7
Acrolein
250
8
Acetone
0
0
Propionaldehyde
74
2
Crotonaldehyde
44
2
Isobutyraldehyde + MEK
152
5
Benzaldehyde
105
3
Hexanaldehyde
40
I
Total Aldehydes
1,610
50
aValues arc generally considered usable to only two significant figures.
D-4
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TABLE D-4. HIGH ALTITUDE ALDEHYDE EMISSION RESULTS8 FOR THE
CUMMINS NTC-350 ¦ RUN 2 WITH FIXED RETARDED TIMING
Cold-Start Emissions
Aldehyde
mg/test
mg/hD-hr
Formaldehyde
6,590
291
Acetaldehyde
2,900
128
Acrolein
1,520
67
Acetone
589
26
Propionaldehyde
1,020
45
Crotonaldehyde
340
15
Isobutyraldehyde + MEK
1,380
61
Benzaldehyde
476
21
Hexanaldehyde
906
40
Total Aldehydes
15,700
694
Hot-Start Emissions
Aldehyde me/test mg/hp-hr
Formaldehyde
Acetaldehyde
Acrolein
Acetone
Propionaldehyde Aldehyde Sample Failure
Crotonaldehyde
Isobutyraldehyde + MEK
Benzaldehyde
Hexanaldehyde
Total Aldehydes
Idle Emissions
Aldehyde mg/test mg/hr
Formaldehyde 13,500 54,100
Acclaldchyde 3,740 15,000
Acrolein 4,120 16,500
Acetone 0 0
Propionaldehyde 1,360 5,440
Crotonaldehyde 878 3510
Isobutyraldehyde + MEK 2,540 10,100
Benzaldehyde 1,610 6,440
Hexanaldehyde 1.560 6,230
Total Aldehydes 29,300 117,000
1300 RPM at 50% Load
Aldehyde mg/test mg/hp-hr
Formaldehyde 717 21
Acetaldehyde 263 8
Acrolein 321 10
Acetone 0 0
Propionaldehyde 75 2
Crotonaldehyde 45 1
Isobutyraldehyde + MEK 146 4
Benzaldehyde 99 3
Hexanaldehyde 75 2
Total Aldehydes 1,740 51
Values are generally considered usable to only two significant figures.
D-5
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TABLE D-5. HIGH ALTITUDE ALDEHYDE EMISSION RESULTS8 FOR THE
CUMMINS NTC-350 - RUN 3 WITH VARIABLE TIMING OPERATING NORMALLY
Hot-Start Emissions
Aldehyde
me/test
mE/hD-hr
Formaldehyde
1,740
76
Acetaldehyde
714
31
Acrolein
707
31
Acetone
130
6
Propionaldehyde
205
9
Crotonaldehyde
93
4
Isobutyraldehyde + MEK
494
22
Benzaldehyde
130
6
Hexanaldehyde
129
6
Total Aldehydes
4,340
191
Idle Emissions
Aldehyde
mg/test
mg/hr
Formaldehyde
717
2,870
Acetaldehyde
302
1,210
Acrolein
28
no
Acetone
90
360
Propionaldehyde
101
403
Crotonaldehyde
47
189
Isobutyraldehyde + MEK
213
851
Benzaldehyde
91
362
Hexanaldehyde
1A
296
Total Aldehydes
1,660
6,650
aValues are generally considered usable to only two significant figures.
D-6
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TABLE D-6. LOW ALTITUDE ALDEHYDE EMISSION RESULTS3 FOR THE
CUMMINS NTC-350 - RUN 3 WITH VARIABLE TIMING OPERATING NORMALLY
Hot-Start Emissions
Aldehyde me/test mg/hp-hr
Formaldehyde 1,180 51
Acetaldehyde 454 20
Acrolein 331 14
Acetone 157 7
Propionaldehyde 114 5
Crotonaldehyde 62 3
Isobutyraldehyde + MEK 304 13
Benzaldehyde 96 4
Hexanaldehyde 94 4
Total Aldehydes 2,790 121
Idle Emissions
Aldehyde mg/test me/hr
Formaldehyde 671 2,680
Acetaldehyde 285 1,140
Acrolein 321 1,290
Acetone 86 344
Propionaldehyde 78 310
Crotonaldehyde 34 138
Isobutyraldehyde + MEK 200 799
Benzaldehyde 122 490
Hexanaldehyde 45 181
Total Aldehydes 1,840 7,370
aValues are generally considered usable to only two significant figures.
D-7
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TECHNICAL REPORT DATA
(Phase read Inuruetions on the reverse before completing)
1. REPORT NO. I 2.
460/3-89-003 |
3. RECIPIENT'S ACCESSIOWNO.
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
SIMULATION OF HIOll ALTITUDE EFFECTS ON HEAVY-DUTY
DIESEL EMISSIONS
5. REPORT DATE
September L989
6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE
7. AUTHOR(S)
David M. Human
Terry L. tillman
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NO.
Work Assignment 1-8
9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS
Southwest Research institute
P.O. Drawer 28310
San Antonio, Texas 78223-0510
10. PROGRAM ELEMENT NO.
11. CONTRACT/GRANT NO.
68-03-4044
12. SPONSORING AGENCV NAME AND ADDRESS
Environmental Protection Agency
2565 Plymouth Road
Ann Arbor, Michigan 481.03
13, TYPE OF REPORT AND PERIOD COVERED
FINAL (10-31-88 to 9-30-89)
14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE
15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
16. ABSTRACT
Exhaust emissions from heavy-duty diesel engines operating at high altitude are of concern.
EPA and Colorado Department of Health sponsored this project to characterize regulated and selected
unregulated emissions from a naturally-aspirated Caterpillar 3208 and a turbocharged Cummins NTC-
350 diesel engine at both "low" and simulated "high" altitude conditions (=6000 ft). Emissions testing
was performed over cold- and hot-start transient cycles as well as selected steady-state modes.
Additionally, the turbocharged engine was operated with mechanically variable and fixed retarded fuel
injection timing to represent "normal" and "malfunction" conditions, respectively.
High altitude operation generally reduced NOx emissions approximately 10 percent for both
engines. Average composite transient emissions of HC, CO, particulate matter, and aldehydes measured
at high altitude for the naturally-aspirated engine were 2 to 4 times the levels noted for low altitude
conditions. The same emission constituents from the turbocharged engine at high altitude with
normal timing were 1.2 to 2 times the low altitude levels, but were 2 to 4 times the low altitude
levels with "malfunction" timing.
17. KEY WORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
a. DESCRIPTORS
b. IDENTIFIERS/OPEN ENDED TERMS
c. COSATI l-ield/Gioup
Exhaust Emissions
Heavy-Duty Diesel Emissions
Diesel Emissions
High AJtiLude Emissions
High Altitude
Emiss ions
Diesel Engines
18. DISTRIBOTION STATEMENT
Keleast Unlimited
19. SECURITY CLASS (This Report)
I'nc lassisied
21. NO. OF PAGES
92
20. SECURITY CLASS (This page)
Unciassi fied
22. PRICE
EPA Form 2220-1 (9-73)
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