908R93005
Q PDA	HAZARDOUS WASTE INCINERATORS
BOILERS AND INDUSTRIAL FURNACES
UPDATE #3
United States Environmental
Protection Agency
Region VIII	DENVER, COLORADO • OCTOBER 1993
INTRODUCTION
This is the third in a series of information updates from the
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regarding
proposed incineration activities in Region VIII. These
updates are developed with the cooperation of state
environmental agencies in Colorado, Utah, Wyoming, North
Dakota, South Dakota and Montana. The purpose of these
updates is to keep interested parties informed of possible
incineration activity in their communities.
EPA ANNOUNCES NEW WASTE COMBUSTION
STRATEGY
On May 18,1993, EPA Administrator Carol Browner issued
a Draft Strategy for Combustion of Hazardous Waste. In the
short-term, the program will include the following measures:
(1)	Site-specific risk assessments will be conducted at
incinerators and boilers and industrial furnaces (BIFs) during
the permitting process. The risk assessments will consider all
exposure pathway risks associated with combustion facility
emissions.
(2)	EPA will include dioxin emission standards in final
permits for incinerators and BIFs, when necessary to protect
human health or the environment.
(3)	New permits for incinerators or BIFs will include more
stringent controls on particulate matter (i.e., metals
emissions), when necessary to protect human health or the
environment.
(4)	EPA and the states have been directed to issue permit
decisions for existing incinerators and BIFs as soon as
possible over the next 18 months. Processing requests for
new combustion facilities will be given a low priority during
that time.
(5)	EPA will use specialized combustion inspectors to ensure
full and timely compliance with regulations, through aggres-
sive inspection and enforcement at BIFs and incinerators.
(6)	Under guidelines issued as part of the Strategy, hazardous
waste generators must commit to waste reduction programs.
Under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
(RCRA), hazardous waste generators have been required
since 1984 to put waste reduction programs in place.
(7)	Public involvement will be broadened and more
information regarding hazardous waste combustion will be
made available to the public.
(8)	A task force of EPA and state officials will be convened
Highlights of the Draft Strategy:
•	Site-specific risk assessments
•	Dioxin standards in permits
•	More stringent controls on particulates
•	Low priority for new permit applications
•	Aggressive inspections
•	Emphasis on waste reduction
•	Increased public involvement
•	Hazardous waste combustion task force
to conduct a broad evaluation of the role of hazardous waste
combustion in EPA's national hazardous waste management
strategy. The recommendations of the task force must
specifically address waste reduction.
EPA will also pursue a number of long-term actions,
including the following:
(1)	A national round table on hazardous waste source
reduction opportunities will be convened by EPA. This
group will seek to identify opportunities for reducing the
amount of waste being combusted, and will explore the
appropriate balance between hazardous waste minimization
and use of combustion as a waste management tool.
Generating and treatment industries will be asked to
participate. The round table will explore both regulatory and
non-regulatory options to encourage and/or require source
reduction. EPA will also work with the states to establish a
program in which industry is challenged to reduce the
amount of process wastes going to combustion units, by a
selected percentage and by a target year.
(2)	EPA will draw up rules which will upgrade combustion
regulations to conform to changes in technology. The
Agency will explore the feasibility of a technology-based
approach, particularly with respect to setting emission
controls on metals, dioxins and furans, acid gases, particulate
matter, and products of incomplete combustion. In addition,
EPA will continue to refine its risk assessment guidelines to
ensure that all risks are effectively addressed by national
regulations or site-specific permit conditions.
(3)	EPA will establish rules to increase public participation
at earlier stages in the permitting process for incinerators and
BIFs.
(4)	EPA will use its resources to increase research ihto ways
to determine the constituents of combustion emissions on a
continuous basis. EPA will work with the waste combustion
industry in this research effort.

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(5) EPA will continue its efforts to foster the development of
innovative technologies for the safe and effective treatment
of hazardous waste.
Copies of EPA's "Draft Combustion Strategy" and
Administrator Browner's "Statement Announcing the New
Waste Combustion Strategy" are available in the information
repositories listed on page 6.
STATUS OF HAZARDOUS WASTE INCINERATORS AND BOILERS & INDUSTRIAL FURNACES
(BIFs) IN REGION VIII
SYNTEX CHEMICALS, BOULDER, COLORADO (NON COMMERCIAL FACILITY)
Syntcx has completed closing its waste solvent boiler, which had interim status under the Boiler and Industrial Furnace
Regulations.
ASH GROVE CEMENT COMPANY, CLANCY, MONTANA
Ash Grove has proposed using non-liquid hazardous waste as a fuel supplement in its existing cement kiln. This activity
would require a permit from the State of Montana and EPA. A permit application was submitted in May 1993; it is currently
under review by the State and EPA. The outcome of this initial review will be available in October. If necessary a Notice of
Deficiency (NOD) will be issued, requesting additional information from Ash Grove.
APTUS, INC., TOOELE COUNTY, UTAH (COMMERCIAL FACILITY)
APTUS is a commercial facility that has been receiving hazardous waste, including PCBs, since January 1992. The trial burn
test was conducted in the Spring of 1992, and the trial burn report is under review by the State of Utah and EPA.
USPCI CLIVE INCINERATION FACTLI1Y, TOOELE COUNTY, UTAH (COMMERCIAL FACILITY)
Construction has been completed at USPCI and the facility is scheduled to begin receiving hazardous waste, including PCBs,
in late 1993. In August 1993, the Utah Court of Appeals dismissed a legal challenge to the facility's permit. The State of Utah
and EPA arc currently reviewing USPCI's trial burn plan. The trial burn test is scheduled for the Spring of 1994.

USPCI CUVE INClNF.lliTOR
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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF TIIE ARMY TOOELE ARMY DEPOT - SOUTH
Chemical Demilitarization Facility (CDF) (Non-commercial facility)
CDF is an incineration facility that will destroy stockpiled nerve agents stored at the Tooele Army Depot. Construction
has been completed, and systems check-out of the five separate incinerators at CDF will continue until early 1995. After check-
out, a trial burn will be conducted on each incinerator, first with non-nerve agent chemicals and then with nerve agents. Trial
burn plans will be reviewed and approved by the State of Utah and EPA prior to testing.
CHEMICAL DKMIUTARIVATiON FACILITY
Chemical Agent Munitions Disposal System (CAMPS) (Research facility)
CAMDS is a research facility currently incinerating nerve agent waste that was stored at the Tooele Army Depot. The State
of Utah issued a Research, Demonstration, and Development (RD&D) permit to the facility in May 1991. A trial burn was
conducted on one of the four incinerators at CAMDS for nerve agent VX in August 1993. Several future trial burns are
scheduled.
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY TOOELE ARMY DEPOT - NORTH
Deactivation Furnace
A permit was issued by the State of Utah for this facility on March 22, 1993. The Deactivation Furnace destroys obsolete
ammunition and propellant that is stored at the Tooele Army Depot. A trial burn test was conducted on the furnace in August
1993. A trial burn report will be submitted to the State of Utah for review and approval.
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WASTE TECH SERVICES, INC., GOLDEN, COLORADO (RESEARCH FACILITY)
A permit was issued by the State of Colorado for this facility in February 1989. The Waste Tech unit is a small fluidized
bed incinerator used for research and treatability studies.
ROCKY MOUNTAIN ARSENAL, DENVER, COLORADO (NON-COMMERCIAL FACILITY)
The submerged quench incinerator (SQI) treats liquid wastes that were stored at the Rocky Mountain Arsenal in a surface
impoundment called Basin F. The SQI is part of ongoing Superfund clean-up actions at the Arsenal. The facility began
treating Basin F waste in May 1993 and the trial burn test was conducted in June 1993. The trial burn report is being reviewed
by EPA and the State of Colorado.
PUEBLO DEPOT ACTIVITY (PDA), PUEBLO, COLORADO (NON-COMMERCIAL FACILITY)
A permit application which proposes an incineration facility that will destroy mustard blister agents stockpiled at the PDA
was submitted by the Department of the Army to the State of Colorado and EPA in June 1992. A permit must be issued by
the State of Colorado and a Certificate of Designation issued by Pueblo County before construction of such a facility can begin.
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INCINERATION BACKGROUND
About 5 million tons of liquid, semi-solid, and solid hazardous waste arc burned each year in the United States in hazardous
waste incinerators and boilers and industrial furnaces (BIFs). Common types of waste being incinerated are spent solvents,
distillation bottoms, and off-specification organic chemicals and products.
EPA's incinerator regulations were adopted under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) in 1981. In 1988,
EPA's Office of Solid Waste issued supplemental guidance that directed use of the RCRA "omnibus" permit authority to add
controls for emissions of metals, products of incomplete combustion (PICs), and hydrochloric acid (HCI) into new incinerator
permits on a case-by-case basis.
Currently, there are 184 hazardous waste incinerators in the U.S. (7 in the Region VIII states), 139 of which can operate
under final permits (7 in Region VIII) and another 15 of which are operating under interim status pending final resolution of
appeals (none in Region VIII). Fifteen commercial incinerators can accept wastes from off-site sources; two of them are in
Region VIII.
Major types of BIFs burning hazardous waste include cement kilns, lightweight aggregate kilns, and industrial and utility
boilers. Currently, there are 171 BIFs in operation (none in Region VIII), of which 35 arc commercial facilities (one
commercial facility is proposed in Region VIII, see page 2). BIFs are subject to comprehensive RCRA regulations that were
adopted in 1990. These regulations contain controls on metals, PICs, and HCI emitted from BIF facilities. At the present time,
these controls are imposed as interim status standards. No BIFs have yet received final permits, although a number of permit
applications have been filed.
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EPA Region VIII
Hazardous Waste Incinerators
and
Boilers and Industrial Furnaces
Incinerators/BIFs
(A) Aptus - Aragonite, UT
/g\ USPCI - Clive, UT
(§) Tooele Deactivation Furnace - Tooele, UT
©Chemical Agent Munitions
Disposal SySem (CAMDS) - Tooele, UT
A Chemical Demilitarization Facility
^ (CDF) - Tooele, UT
Pueblo Depot - Pueblo, CO
(G) Rocky Mountain Arsenal - Denver, CO
(fi) Waste Tech - Golden, CO
/A Ash Grove Cement Co.
V Clancy, MT
[j] Syntex Chemicals, Inc.
Boulder, CO
• Helena
.ASalt Lake
A©TCity
,^/B-^Tooeli
® (D
enver
• Pueblo
Facility Status
O EXISTING/OPERATING
^ PERMITTED • UNDER
0
CONSTRUCTION
APPLICATION SUBMITTED
~ UNDERGOING CLOSURE
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If you have technical questions or questions related to Federal regulations, you may contact:
Carl Daly
Regional Combustion Specialist
U.S. EPA, Region VIII
999 18th Street
Denver, Colorado 80202-2466
(303) 293-1500
You may also contact the following state representatives:
Colorado
Dave Waltz
Public Health Engineer
Hazardous Waste Control
Colorado Department of Health
4300 Cherry Creek Drive South
Denver, CO 80222
(303) 692-3360
North Dakota
Neil Knatterud
Acting Director
Waste Management
Department of Health
1200 Missouri Avenue
Room 302
Bismarck, ND 58520
(701) 221-5166
Utah
Scolt Anderson
Chief, Commercial/Federal Facilities Branch
Utah Department of Environmental Quality
P.O. Box 144880
Salt lake City, UT 84114-4880
(801) 538-6170
Montana
Richard Knatterud
Environmental Specialist
Department of Health and Environmental Sciences
836 Front Street
Helena, MT 59620
(406) 444-1430
South Dakota
Vonnie Kallemeyn
Natural Resources Program Scientist
Department of Environmental & Natural
Resources
Office of Waste Management
319 South Coteau
Pierre, SD 57501
(605) 773-3153
Wyoming
David Finley
Administrator
Solid and Hazardous Waste Division
Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality
Heischler Building, 122 W. 25th
Cheyenne, WY 82002
(307) 777-7938
If you would like general background information or publications on incineration of hazardous waste, contact:
Harold Dunning
Office of External Affairs
U.S. EPA Region VIII
999 18th Street
Denver, Colorado 80202-2466
(303) 294-1142
LOCATION OF REPOSITORIES
General information, background publications and these updates on incineration of hazardous waste have been placed at the following locations and are available
to the public:
Florence Public Library, Florence, CO
Ft. Collins Public Library and
Colorado State University Library, Ft. Collins, CO
Lyons Depot Library, Lyons, CO
Boulder Public Library, Boulder, CO
Burlington Public Libraiy, Burlington, CO
Stratton Public Library, Stratton, CO
U.S. EPA Library, 999 18th Street, Denver, CO
Montana State University, Bozeman, MT
Lewis & Clark County Library, Helena, MT
Three Forks Public Library, Three Forks, MT
Rapid City Public Libraiy, Rapid City, SD
Delta City Libraty, Delta, UT
Albany County Public Libraiy, Laramie, WY
Mesa County Public Libraiy,
Grand Junction, CO
Marriott Library, University of Utah,
Salt Lake City, UT
Tooele City Public Library, Tooele, UT
McClelland Libraiy and Barkman Branch Libraiy,
Pueblo, CO
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MAILING LIST
EPA maintains a mailing list of people interested in incineration
activities in Region VIII. If you did not get this Update by mail
and want your name added to that mailing list, please fill out this
form and mail it to:
Harold Dunning
Office of External Affairs (80EA)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
999 Eighteenth Street, Suite 500
Denver, CO 80202-2466
(please print or type)
NAME 	
AFFILIATION (If Any)	
ADDRESS	
CITY	 STATE	 ZIP CODE	
Please delete my name from the mailing list:	
Are you interested in a specific facility? 	No 	Yes
If yes, name/location of facility	
Note: Reuse/Recycle
Please pass this form on to someone you think would be interested in hazardous waste incineration if you do not wish to use the
form at this time.
MAIL
&EPA
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of External Affairs (80EA)
999 Eighteenth Street
Suite 500
Denver, CO 80202-2466
BULK RATE
POSTAGE & FEES PAID
U.S. EPA
G-35
US EPA REGION i/i ,.
999 I*H Street UBRARY
DE"VE« CO 80202

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