EPA-420-R-87-101
SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE
POST OFFICE DRAWER 28510 6220 CULEBRA ROAD SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS. USA 78284 (512) 684-5111 TELEX 244846
September 30, 1987
TO: Mr. Craig A. Harvey, Project Officer
Emission Control Technology Division
Environmental Protection Agency
2565 Plymouth Road
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105
FROM: E. Robert Fanick and Charles T. Hare
Department of Emissions Research
Southwest Research Institute
6220 Culebra Road
San Antonio, Texas 78284
SUBJECT: Final Data Report for Work Assignment No. B-9, Contract 68-03-3353,
"Catalyst Evaluation," SwRI Project 08-1193-009
This work assignment is intended to evaluate the condition of catalysts
removed from in-use vehicles. The catalysts were removed by EPA from 1983 and
1984 Model Year In-Use Technology Assessment (IUTA) vehicles. Forty-five
catalysts were analyzed under this Work Assignment. Eleven catalyst samples were
from Work assignment No. 8 and five catalyst samples were analyzed for MOD from
previous Work Assignments. The catalysts represented monolith technology only.
Catalysts used by several different manufacturers were included in the evaluation.
The catalysts were either three-way or three-way plus oxidation catalysts, with
single or dual biscuits. In addition to catalysts, oxygen sensors were also evaluated
in this Work Assignment.
This letter report, along with the included data, is intended to be the fined
report of the results from the catalyst evaluation testing. It includes all the results
from the laboratory analyses by whole converter X-ray, BET surface area, X-ray
fluorescence (XRF), proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE), scanning electron
microscope (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Oxygen sensors were evaluated for
leakage rate, cold light-off, voltage response, voltage output, surface area, and
electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA). Only a brief discussion of the
analytical procedure, and no discussion of the trends observed in the evaluation of
each catalyst, is included. A list of the converters evaluated in the program is
presented in Table 1. A detailed description of the laboratory analytical procedures
is presented in the final reports for Work Assignments No. 10 and 17 of Contract
68-03-3162, with the exception of PIXE and ESCA.
L LABORATORY ANALYSIS
The laboratory analysis of the catalyst samples consisted of whole converter
X-ray, BET surface area, XRF, PIXE, SEM, and XRD. The catalyst samples were
examined as follows:
SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS
DALLAS, TEXAS DETROIT. MICHIGAN HOUSTON, TEXAS WASHINGTON, DC
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2
TABLE 1. LIST OF CATALYSTS FOR EVALUATION
Converter
Number
Manufacturer
Engine Family
Type of Catalyst
219/0199*
Chrysler
BCR1.7V2HJ1
Dual biscuit 3W-Ox
A87/0131*
Chrysler
BCR1.7V2HJ1
Dual biscuit 3W-Ox
A87/0228*
Chrysler
BCR1.7V2HJ1
Dual biscuit 3W-Ox
A87/0345*
Chrysler
BCR1.7V2HJ1
Dual biscuit 3W-Ox
A87/0479*
Chrysler
BCR1.7V2HJ1
Dual biscuit 3W-Ox
A221/0198**
Chrysler
DCR2.2V2HAC3
Dual biscuit 3W-OX
A221/0310**
Chrysler
DCR2.2V2HAC3
Dual biscuit 3W-OX
A249/0486-1
Chrysler
ECR5.2V2HAP9
Single biscuit 3W
A249/0486-2
Chrysler
ECR5.2V2HAP9
Single biscuit 3W
A249/0486-3
Chrysler
ECR5.2V2HAP9
Dual biscuit 3W-OX
A280/0004L
Chrysler
ECR2.2V2HAC4
Dual biscuit 3W-OX
A280/0005L**
Chrysler
ECR2.2V2HAC4
Dual biscuit 3W-OX
A280/0006L
Chrysler
ECR2.2V2HAC4
Dual biscuit 3W-OX
A317/0196
Chrysler
ECR2.2V5FAA8
Dual biscuit 3W-OX
A317/1115
Chrysler
ECR2.2V5FAA8
Dual biscuit 3W-OX
A317/1151
Chrysler
ECR2.2V5FAA8
Dual biscuit 3W-OX
A337/0151
Chrysler
ECR2.2V5FAAX
Dual biscuit 3W-OX
A337/0227
Chrysler
ECR2.2V5F AAX
Dual biscuit 3W-OX
A240/0007**
Ford
DFM1.6V2GDK6
Dual biscuit 3W-OX
A240/0270* *
Ford
DFM1.6V2GDK6
Dual biscuit 3W-OX
A279/0002L
Ford
EFM1.6V2GDK7
Dual biscuit 3W-OX
A279/0003L
Ford
EFM1.6V2GDK7
Dual biscuit 3W-OX
A279/0004L
Ford
EFM1.6V2GDK7
Dual biscuit 3W-OX
A316/0460-1
Ford
EFM3.8V5HHF7
Single biscuit 3W
A316/0460-2
Ford
EFM3.8V5HHF7
Single biscuit 3W
A316/0460-3
Ford
EFM3.8V5HHF7
Single biscuit OX
A316/0665-1
Ford
EFM3.8V5HHF7
Single biscuit 3W
A316/0665-2
Ford
EFM3.8V5HHF7
Single biscuit 3W
A316/0665-3
Ford
EFM3.8V5HHF7
Single biscuit OX
A338/0124-1
Ford
GFM3.8V5HHF9
Single biscuit 3W
A338/0124-2
Ford
GFM3.8V5HHF9
Single biscuit 3W
A338/0124-3
Ford
GFM3.8V5HHF9
Single biscuit OX
A338/0136-1
Ford
GFM3.8V5HHF9
Single biscuit 3W
A338/0136-2
Ford
GFM3.8V5HHF9
Single biscuit 3W
A338/0136-3
Ford
GFM3.8V5HHF9
Single biscuit OX
A220/0400* *
GM
D4G3.8V2NEA3
Dual biscuit 3W-OX
A230/0649**
GM
D1G2.0V2XAJ4
Dual biscuit 3W
A230/0734**
GM
D1G2.0V2XAJ4
Dual biscuit 3W
A246/0092**
GM
D1G3.8V2NDA4
Dual biscuit 3W-OX
A334/0677
GM
E6G4.1V5NKA7
Dual biscuit 3W-OX
A254/0031
Toyota
DTY2.4V5FBB2
Dual biscuit 3W
A254/0037**
Toyota
DTY2.4V5FBB2
Dual biscuit 3W-OX
A254/0191**
Toyota
DTY2.4V5FBB2
Dual biscuit 3W-OX
A254/0275
Toyota
DTY2.4V5FBB2
Dual biscuit 3W
A306/0156
Volvo
EVV2.3V5FLH9
Single biscuit 3W
A306/0192
Volvo
EVV2.3V5FLH9
Single biscuit 3W
~Samples for MOD
**Samples from Work Assignment No. 8
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3
1. Only whole converters were examined by whole converter X-ray
radiographs.
2. The whole converters were visually inspected, weighed with and without
any heat shields, and then carefully cut to expose the catalyst material.
All catalyst samples were visually inspected and weighed.
3. Each converter was disassembled in a manner to expose the catalyst
material with a minimum of disturbance.
a. In step one, the catalyst was sectioned into quarter pieces. The
upstream biscuit of the catalytic converter was sectioned as
pictured in Figure 1. Each quarter has a length "L" the same as the
length of the original uncut biscuit, but a height and width half of
the original height and width (1/2H and 1/2W).
b. In step two, one of the quarter sections (lower left) was further
sectioned into three pieces as shown in Figure 1. The front piece
had a length of 0.5 inch, the rear piece had a length of 0.5 inch,
and the middle piece had a length of "L - 1.0 inches." From the
center of the middle piece, a 0.5-inch sample was taken. Each of
these three 0.5-inch samples underwent surface area analysis. A
cube with 0.5-inch sides was cut from the front face and selected
samples of the rear face from the upper right quarter. These
samples were submitted for SEM analysis. The remainder of this
quarter was submitted in its entirety for (XRD) analysis. Samples
were scraped from an area no larger than 0.25 cubic inches along
the center line of the catalyst. One sample each was taken 1 inch
from the front and rear faces, and the third sample was taken at
the midpoint of the length of the substrate and 0.5 inch from the
outside surface.
c. Two of the quarter sections shown in Figure 1 (Upper left and
lower right) were not subjected to any immediate analysis when a
whole catalyst was supplied. These samples were kept as
additional material for future analysis. Partial catalyst samples
were sectioned starting with step two.
d. The downstream biscuit was sectioned by cutting the substrate into
quarters similar to the upstream substrate. One sample each was
taken 0.5 inch from the front face and the rear face of the upper
right quarter as shown in Figure 2. Each of these two pieces
underwent BET surface area analysis. The remaining middle
section was submitted for XRD. The XRD samples from the B
biscuit were scraped from an area not larger than 0.25 cubic inch
along the center line and 1.0 inch from the front face. This was
the only sample for XRD from the B biscuit. The entire quarter
section, positioned diagonally from the section used for BET
surface area analysis (lower left), was used for PIXE analysis. The
remaining two quarter sections (upper left and lower right) from
the four whole converters, when provided, did not undergo analysis
at this time, but were saved for future work.
-------
Rear Face
LL3
Note: Middle section
for BET. Entire
section for PIXE.
Lower Left
PIXE & BET
Lower Right*
FIGURE 1- SAMPLE SECTIONS AND SAMPLE LOCATION FOR UPSTREAM (A) BISCUIT
^Sample location for XRD and SEM shown
on lower right quarter for clarity.
Actual sample location from upper
right quarter.
£>¦
-------
Rear Face
FIGURE Z. SAMPLE SECTIONS AND SAMPLE LOCATIONS FOR DOWNSTREAM (B) BISCUIT en
^Sample location for XRD shown on
lower right quarter for clarity.
Actual sample location from upper
right quarter.
-------
6
All of the catalyst samples were handled in this manner. The flow schematic of a
typical sample is presented in Figure 3.
A. Sample Identification
For the purpose of identifying the converters analyzed in this program, each
converter was designated with the seven or eight digit EPA identification code.
After the converters were opened, the upstream biscuit was labeled "A," and the
downstream biscuit was labeled "B." Each quarter section from the A biscuit was
designated according to its location within the can (UL-upper left, UR-upper right,
LL-lower left, LR-lower right). The samples for BET surface area and PIXE were
also designated with respect to their locations in the biscuit. The location along
the length of the quarter section was labeled 1, 2, or 3, respectively, for the
upstream, middle, or downstream position. The exception to this rule was for the B
biscuit; no middle sample was taken for the BET surface area analysis. In this case,
"2" indicated the downstream location. The labeling designations are listed in Table
2. The term "biscuit" is used to refer to each individual piece of ceramic
honeycomb material in a converter.
B. Whole Catalyst X-Ray
Seventeen of the converters were examined by whole catalyst X-ray. The
radiographs taken in this work assignment are included in Appendix A. Converters
A317/0196, A317/1115, A316/0665-3, A306/0156, and A306/0192 had been fitted
with couplings for placing thermocouples in the ceramic bed. The couplings were
visible on the film but the holes drilled in the ceramic material were not visible.
The upstream biscuit of converter A279/0004L showed evidence of melting on the
inlet side. Converter A334/0677 showed evidence of a severe crack in the upstream
biscuit. The radiograph was exceptionally dark for the upstream biscuit, with a
triangular region of higher density material for the downstream biscuit. Additional
observations upon opening the case will reveal additional details.
C. / Sample Weighing
The weights of the various samples were determined in several stages. All of
the whole converters were weighed whole, and each biscuit was weighed after
opening. All of the partial samples were weighed, but these weights are only a
determination of the amount of sample received. In order to do additional
calculations on these converters, the weights of the biscuits before the samples
were taken must be known or estimated. All of the weights are presented m Table
3.
D. Visual Inspection
Each whole converter and biscuit was inspected for visual signs of overheating
or damage. Catalyst A279/0004L was severely melted. A large void had developed
about two inches from the front face. The melted portion was not visible from the
external surface of the biscuit. This was the only visible example of melting in this
work assignment. Several samples had developed cracks. They were: A334/0677-A
& -B, A279/0003L-B, A280/0004L-A, and A316/0665-1 & -2. Catalysts A306/0156,
A306/0192, A317/0196, A317/1115, and A316/0665-3 had been drilled in an effort to
place thermocouples into the center of the biscuit. All of the catalysts showed
typical signs of usage (dark front faces with rust on outer surfaces).
-------
Photograph
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TABLE 2. LABELING PROCEDURE CODE
Code Description
A Upstream biscuit
B Downstream biscuit
UL Upper left portion of biscuit
UR Upper right portion of biscuit
LL Lower left portion of biscuit
LR Lower right portion of biscuit
1 Upstream piece of section
2 Middle piece of section or downstream
when no middle piece taken
3 Downstream piece of section
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9
TABLE 3.
CONVERTER WEIGHT
Converter
Whole
Biscuit Weights, g
Number
Converter, lbs.c
Upstream (A)
Downstream (B)
A249/0486-la»b
6.60
197.6/216.5
A249/0486-2a
6.78
176.4/205.7
A249/0486-3a
12.59
194.2/197.6
334.6/321.5
A280/0004L
9.72/9.22
1113.0
470.8
A280/0006L
10.00/9.48
1138.8
474.8
A317/0196
9.89
639.7
605.7
A317/1115
9.74
620.1
585.6
A317/1151
9.71
655.9
607.6
A337/0151
9.71
729.1
724.1
A337/0227
9.34
667.9
665.5
A279/0002L
9.63/8.02
413.6
547.9
A279/0003L
9.53/7.91
389.0
545.0
A279/0004L
9.63/8.02
402.6
544.2
A316/0460-1
98.7/101.4
A316/0460-2
114.9/118.3
A316/0460-3
179.0/187.2
A316/0665-1
7.60/6.80
422.3
A316/0665-2
4.79/3.93
438.9
A316/0665-3
7.51
691.9
A338/0124-1
89.7/93.1
A338/0124-2
88.2/91.9
A338/0124-1
164.9/165.9
A338/0136-1
93.1/88.9
A338/0136-2
94.4/94.2
A338/0136-3
163.0/171.5
A334/0677
11.56
1121.3
697.5
A339/0221d
11.70/9.80
A254/0031
202.5/204.3
205.9/195.8
A254/0275
203.4/201.6
203.3/203.5
A306/0156
7.57
957.2
A306/0192
7.50
919.1
aWhole converter weights from a previous work assignment. Partial sample weights
from this work assignment. Biscuit weights not available.
^Weights with slash marks indicate that partial samples were received. First listed
weight is for lower left portion, and second weight is for upper right portion.
cWhole converter weights with and without heat shields
^Sent back to EPA
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10
E. Specific Surface Area
The specific surface areas of the whole lengths of all biscuits were measured
with a Micromeritics Flowsorb II dynamic surface area analyzer using the multipoint
analysis technique. This analysis was conducted "in-house" during this Work.
Assignment. The advantages for "in-house" analysis include a stricter control of the
analytical procedures and ease of repeating questionable samples. Losses in surface
area are due to thermal degradation and/or plugging of the sub-microscopic pores
with metals and other deposits. A loss in the active surface area results in the
reduction of contact between exhaust gases and the catalyst material. A low
surface area generally indicates converter overheating. Conversely, a normal
surface area does not necessarily indicate a normal catalyst, because the deposits
can increase the apparent surface area while covering the surface and preventing
contact with the exhaust gases. In this work assignment, the surface area of 0.5
inch pieces from the front, middle, and rear of the upstream biscuit and the surface
area from the front and rear pieces of the downstream biscuit were analyzed. These
large wedges were sealed in glass sample tubes and analyzed whole. Upon
completion of the analysis of the LL1 piece, the sample was ground to a coarse
powder (approximately 50 mesh). This sample was also analyzed for surface area.
The results for the specific surface areas are presented in Table 4. The plots for the
BET equation versus the relative pressure for each converter are included m
Appendix B.
Nineteen samples were analyzed for MOD. These samples originated m
previous work assignments. The samples were taken from the 50 mesh powder used
to prepare the samples for PIXE and XRF. The results from these powder samples
are included in Table 5. In general, the surface areas for the powder samples were
higher than the unground strips. The plots for the BET equation versus the relative
pressure for each sample are included in Appendix C.
F. X-Ray Diffraction
X-ray diffraction analysis of the samples was used to determine the crystal
structure of the alumina. Gamma-alumina and several other very similar alumina
structures are the original crystal structures used in the alumina washcoat. When a
catalyst containing these types of alumina is overheated (temperatures greater than
1000°C), the crystal structure changes to the alpha-alumina form. This conversion
in crystal structure can trap the active metals and change the active surface area of
the catalyst. The Debye-Scherrer powder X-ray diffraction technique was used to
determine the alumina crystal structure. This technique is well suited for the
analysis of monolith catalysts because of the small quantities of sample required. In
the case of monolith catalysts, the alumina is deposited as a thin wash-coat on the
surface of the ceramic substrate. The alumina can be scraped off carefully and
analyzed by subjecting to a collimated X-ray beam. The X-rays are diffracted by
the various crystalline compounds within the sample. Each crystalline compound has
a characteristic diffraction pattern. Amorphous compounds do not result in a
discernable diffraction pattern. These patterns are compared to known compounds
in a Powder Data File for identification. Table 6 lists the alumina crystal structure
of each sample and any other crystalline compounds observed in the samples.
G. Proton Induced X-Ray Emission
Proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE) was used to determine the
concentrations of noble metals and the accumulation of poisons. This technique
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TABLE 4. CATALYST SPECIFIC SURFACE AREA
Specific Surface Area, m^/g
Front Biscuit(A)
Rear Biscuit(B)
Total Surface
Area for Whole
Biscuit,
Biscuit No.
LL1
LL2
LL3
Powder
UR1
UR2
Front
Rear
A221/0198
7.02±0.12
5.3710.60
6.3510.16
9.2010.66
6.4610.23
5.45+0.03
6800
2600
A249/0486-1
8.74±0.67
5.69+0.15
7.6210.50
11.35+0.12
6100
A249/0486-2
7.061,0.11
4.97+0.14
6.09+0.34
10.07+0.25
4600
A249/0486-3
10.0410.48
8.17^0.24
9.68+0.08
12.8410.42
2.8210.10
7300
A280/0004L
5.98+0.01
3.57+0.07
4.57+0.30
8.95+0.25
8.03+0.15
6.59+0.23
5200
3400
A280/0006L
7.69+0.06
7.55+0.48
7.14+0.03
9.74+0.33
6.77+0.30
8.54+0.02
8500
3600
A317/0196
10.05+0.04
7.60+0.06
9.67+0.04
11.04+0.11
12.07+0.52
11.18+0.19
5800
7000
A317/1115
10.57+0.08
10.3ll0.62
4.74+0.01
14.5610.32
9.99+0.37
11.37+0.66
5300
6300
A337/0151
13.2410.11
9.6210.04
10.71+0.03
10.8310.12
9.1610.03
7.07±0.02
8200
5900
A279/0002L
13.95+0.79
19.23+0.03
16.27+0.14
17.62+0.66
7.93+0.06
6.79+0.46
6800
4000
A279/0003L
10.98+0.13
16.74+0.24
13.54+0.01
13.83l0.21
9.55+0.19
7.27+0.07
5400
4600
A279/0004L
10.50+0.24
1.17+0.01
8.86+0.32
17.20+0.46
4.37+0.00
5.3610.09
2800
2600
A316/0460-1
11.68f0.23
ll.98l0.06
8.4410.12
16.1310.42
4300
A316/0460-2
11.4010.76
12.0010.27
11.1710.26
12.02l0.29
5400
A316/0460-3
2.5010.03
4.8310.08
2.5410.05
4.2210.28
2400
A316/0665-1
4.97+0.26
7.32+0.14
8.64+0.10
6.8810.14
--
--
2900
A316/0665-2
6.80+0.04
6.60+0.36
7.48*0.07
8.2410.24
3100
A316/0665-3
8.8610.27
10.5710.29
8.4310.18
12.6610.72
6400
A338/0124-1
8.5810.05
12.1210.37
10.7610.33
10.5410.14
3800
A338/0124-2
9.1010.26
12.0710.12
11.7810.17
12.8610.39
4000
A338/0124-3
8.8410.24
9-4910.15
11.7910.44
11.3110.10
6600
A338/0136-1
17.84+0.08
6500*
A338/0136-2
12.65+0.38
4800*
A338/0136-3
12.84+0.30
8600*
A230/0734
11.55+0.58
0.43+0.02
3.24+0.29
14.90+0.89
3.93+0.20
5.78+0.18
3900
2900
A334/0677
8.44+0.00
5.60+0.27
6.33+0.07
12.84+0.15
5.50+0.06
7.54+0.08
7500
4500
A254/0031
6.9710.03
9-7610.49
10.3810.32
9.5110.10
7.5210.12
9-8210.48
7400
7000
A306/0156
12.57+0.00
14.76+0.02
11.03+0.12
16.06+0.44
--
12200
A306/0192
8.18+0.19
7500*
~Total surface area for whole biscuit based on powder sample data
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12
TABLE 5. SPECIFIC SURFACE AREA FOR MOD SAMPLES
Biscuit
Number
Bulk
Strips*
Powder
Sample
Percent
Difference
219/0199-1-A
1.5
7.71 10.24
80.5
219/0199-1-B
4.1
8.00 10.24
48.8
219/0199-2-A
3.2
4.6410.12
31.0
219/0199-2-B
5.2
5.8810.38
11.6
A87/0131-1-A
3.4 (3.6)
7.42 10.23
54.2
A87/0131-1-B
8.4
9.64 10.40
12.9
A87/0131-2-A
2.4 (2.5)
3.80 10.12
36.8
A87/0131-2-B
2.5
3.58 10.23
30.2
A87/0228-1-B
0.3
0.65 10.01
53.8
A87/0228-2-A
1.8 (1.1)
2.45 10.08
26.5
A87/0228-2-B
1.9
1.43 10.03
32.9
A87/0345-1-A
3.0 (2.0)
2.60 10.14
-15.4
A87/0345-1-B
1.3
4.01 10.20
67.6
A87/0345-2-A
1.6 (1.2)
3.27 10.14
51.1
A87/0345-2-B
1.2
4.46 10.11
73.1
A87/0479-1-A
1.3 (4.1)
5.3110.20
75.5
A87/0479-1-B
3.6
6.5010.35
44.6
A87/0479-2-A
3.3 (3.3)
2.6210.02
-26.0
A87/0479-2-B
2.8
3.7710.10
25.7
* - value in parenthesis for front face sample
219/0199 from Work Assignment No. 9> EPA Contract 68-03-3192
A87/0131 from Work Assignment No. 31, EPA Contract 68-03-3162
A87/0228 from Work Assignment No. 21, EPA Contract 68-03-3162
A87/0345 from Work Assignment No. 21, EPA Contract 68-03-3162
A87/0479 from Work Assignment No. 26, EPA Contract 68-03-3162
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TABLE 6. ALUMINA CRYSTAL STRUCTURE AND OTHER CRYSTALLINE STRUCTURE FOUND
Biscuit Number
A249/0486-1
A249/0486-2
A249/0486-3-A
A249/0486-3-B
A280/0004L-A
A280/0004L-B
A280/0006L-A
A280/0006L-B
A317/0196-A
A317/0196-B
A317/1115-A
A317/1115-B
A317/1151-A
A317/1151-B
Front Face, UR1
mostly theta alumina with CeC>2
mostly theta alumina with Ce02
mostly gamma/delta alumina with
CeO^ and possible Ni Al^ O4
mostly gamma/delta alumina
mostly theta alumina with CeO^
or ZnS and possible AIPO4
mostly theta alumina
mostly theta alumina with CeO^
or ZnS
mostly gamma alumina
mostly gamma/theta alumina with
CeO^ or ZnS, possible AIPO4
mostly intermediate alumina with
Ce02
mostly gamma/theta alumina with
Ce02 and (Al, Fe) (P03)3
mostly gamma/theta alumina with
Ce02
mostly gamma/theta alumina with
Ce02 and AIPO4
mostly gamma/theta alumina with
Ce02
Middle Outer Edge, UR2
mostly theta alumina with Ce02
mostly theta alumina with Ce02
mostly gamma/delta alumina with
Ce02 and possible Ni AI2 O4
mostly theta alumina with Ce02
Rear Face, UR3
mostly theta alumina with CeO2
mostly theta alumina with Ce02
mostly gamma/delta alumina with
Ce02 and possible Ni AI2 O4
mostly theta alumina with Ce02
mostly theta alumina with Ce02 mostly theta alumina with Ce02
mostly gamma/theta alumina with
Ce02
mostly gamma/theta alumina with
Ce02
mostly gamma/theta alumina with
Ce02
mostly gamma/theta alumina with
Ce02
mostly gamma/theta alumina with
Ce02
mostly gamma/theta alumina with
Ce02
-------
TABLE 6. (CONT'D) ALUMINA CRYSTAL STRUCTURE AND OTHER CRYSTALLINE STRUCTURE FOUND
Biscuit Number
A337/0151-A
A337/0151-B
A337/0227-A
A337/0227-B
A279/0002L-A
A279/0002L-B
A279/0003L-A
A279/0003L-B
A279/0004L-A
A279/0004L-B
Front Face, UR1
mostly alpha with some gamma/
theta alumina and Ce02
mostly alpha with some gamma/
theta alumina and CeO^
mostly alpha with some gamma/
theta alumina and Ce02
mostly alpha with some gamma/
theta alumina and Ce02
mostly gamma alumina with NiO
and CeO^ or ZnS, possible
N1AI2O4, metallic Ni, and
AIPO4
mostly gamma alumina with CeO^
mostly gamma alumina with NiO
and CeO^ or ZnS, possible
NiAl204 and AIPO4
mostly gamma alumina with Ce02
mostly theta with some alpha
alumina, possible NiO
mostly alpha with trace of
theta alumina and Ce02
Middle Outer Edge, UR2
mostly alpha with some gamma/
theta alumina and Ce02
mostly alpha with some gamma/
theta alumina and Ce02
mostly gamma alumina with NiO
and Ce02, possible NiAl204
NiA1204
mostly gamma alumina with NiO
Ce02, possible NiAl204
mostly alpha with trace of theta
alumina, possible NiO, metallic
Ni and AIPO4
Rear Face, UR3
mostly alpha with some gamma/
theta alumina and Ce02
mostly alpha with some gamma/
theta alumina and Ce02
mostly gamma alumina with NiO
and Ce02, possible NiAl£04
and metallic nickel
mostly gamma alumina with NiO
and Ce02, possible
NiAl204
mostly alpha with possible trace
of theta alumina, possible NiO,
metallic Ni, and AIPO4
A316/0460-1
50% alpha and 50% theta alumina
with Ce02 or ZnS, and NiO
50% alpha and 50% theta alumina
with CeO^ and NiO
50% alpha and 50% theta alumina ^
with Ce02 and NiO ^
-------
TABLE 6. (CONT'D) ALUMINA CRYSTAL STRUCTURE AND OTHER CRYSTALLINE STRUCTURE FOUND
Biscuit Number
A316/0460-2
A316/0460-3
A316/0665-1
A316/0665-2
A316/0665-3
A338/0124-1
A338/0124-2
A338/0124-3
A338/0136-1
A338/0136-2
Front Face, UR1
mostly alpha alumina with Ce02
or ZnS and NiO, possible trace
of theta alumina
mostly theta alumina with CeO^
or ZnS
mostly alpha alumina with Ce02
and NiAl^O^ possible trace of
Zn(P03)£
mostly alpha alumina with CeO^
and NiAl204, possible AIPO4
and ZnlPOj)^
mostly theta alumina with CeO^
mostly alpha alumina with
possible trace of theta alumina,
NiO and NiAl204
mostly alpha alumina with
possible trace of theta alumina,
NiO and NiA1^04
mostly theta alumina with Ce02
and possible trace of NiAl204
mostly alpha alumina with CeO^
and NiO, possible trace of theta
alumina and N1AI2O4
mostly alpha alumina with Ce02
and NiO, possible trace of theta
alumina and NiA1^04
Middle Outer Edge, UR2
50% alpha and 50% theta alumina
with Ce02 and NiO
mostly theta alumina with Ce02
mostly alpha alumina with Ce02
and N1AI2O4 possible trace of
Zn(P03)2
mostly alpha alumina with Ce02
and NiAl204
mostly theta alumina with Ce02
mostly alpha alumina with
possible trace of theta alumina,
NiO, and N1AI2O4
mostly alpha alumina with
possible trace of theta alumina,
NiO, and NiAl204
mostly theta alumina with Ce02
and possible trace of N1AI2O4
mostly alpha alumina with Ce02
and NiO, possible trace of theta
alumina and NiAl204
mostly alpha alumina with Ce02
and NiO, possible trace of theta
alumina and N1AI2O4
Rear Face, UR3
50% alpha and 50% theta alumina
with Ce02 and NiO
mostly theta alumina with Ce02
mostly alpha alumina with Ce02
and NiAl204,
mostly alpha alumina with Ce02
and NiAl204, possible Zn(P03)2
mostly theta alumina with Ce02
mostly alpha alumina with
possible trace of theta alumina,
NiO, and N1AI2O4
mostly alpha alumina with
possible trace of theta alumina,
NiO, and NiAl204
mostly theta alumina with Ce02
and possible trace of NiAl204
mostly alpha alumina with Ce02
and NiO, possible trace of theta
alumina and NiAl204
mostly alpha alumina with Ce02
and NiO, possible trace of theta
alumina and NiAl204
-------
TABLE 6. (CONT'D) ALUMINA CRYSTAL STRUCTURE AND OTHER CRYSTALLINE STRUCTURE FOUND
Biscuit Number
A338/0136-3
A334/0677-A
A334/0677-B
A254/0031-A
A254/0031-B
A254/027 5-A
A254/0275-B
A306/0156
A306/0192
Front Face, UR1
mostly alpha alumina with Ce02
and NiO, possible trace of theta
alumina and NiA1^04
no alumina, mostly PbS04
Middle Outer Edge, UR2
mostly alpha alumina with Ce02
and NiO, possible trace of theta
alumina and NiAl;>04
intermediate alumina, mostly
PbS04
Rear Face, UR3
intermediate alumina, mostly PbS04
mostly gamma/theta alumina with
Ce02 or ZnS
mostly gamma/theta alumina with
CeO^ and possible trace of
alpha alumina
mostly gamma/theta alumina with
CeO^ or ZnS and possible trace
of alpha alumina
mostly gamma/theta alumina with
Ce02 and possible trace of
alpha alumina
mostly gamma alumina with Ce02
or ZnS
mostly theta alumina with Ce02
mostly gamma/theta alumina with
Ce02, possible trace of
alpha alumina
mostly gamma/theta alumina with
Ce02, possible trace of alpha
alumina
mostly alpha alumina with Ce02
and NiO, possible trace of theta
alumina and N1AI2O4
intermediate alumina, mostly
PbS04
mostly gamma/theta alumina with
Ce02> possible trace of alpha
alumina
mostly gamma/theta alumina with
Ce02, possible trace of alpha
alumina
mostly gamma alumina with Ce02 mostly gamma alumina with Ce02
mostly theta alumina with CeO2
mostly theta alumina with Ce02
-------
17
utilized protons to "knock" electrons from the inner orbital shells. The electron
removal causes the element to fluoresce X-rays at characteristic wavelengths.
These fluoresced X-rays are detected, and they represent the quantity of each
element present in the sample.
The elements of concern were phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), calcium (Ca),
manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), rhodium (Rh),
and nickel (Ni). The elements P, S, Ca, Mn, Zn, and Pb are poisons or contaminants.
They are derived from engine wear, dirt deposits, oil, fuel, and other sources. The
noble metals cure Pt, Pd, and Rh, and they perform the function of "cleaning up" the
exhaust. Nickel was found in some converters, and is reportedly present to enhance
the catalytic activity. Aluminum (Al), silicon (Si), and magnesium (Mg) are major
constituents of the support material, and were not quantitatively determined. The
minor constituents such as sodium (Na), potassium (K), titanium (Ti), iron (Fe),
cerium (Ce), and barium (Ba) were also not quantified. The elements Na, K, and Ti
are present in small amounts from the clays used to make the cordierite ceramic.
Titanium is also probably present in the converters as a whitening agent for the
ceramic substrate. Cerium was added to inhibit the conversion of gamma-alumina
with a higher surface area to alpha alumina with a lower surface area at the
elevated temperatures experienced within the converters, and also to increase the
catalytic activity of the converter when present m concentrations of one percent or
more. Iron was probably from the engine, as a wear product, the exhaust system
due to rust, or as an impurity in the ceramic substrate. Barium was also found in
some of the samples.
The samples were prepared by grinding the entire pieces to a coarse powder
(approximately 50 mesh). Approximately 10 grams of the coarse powder were taken
and ground in its entirety to a very fine powder (400 mesh). The analysis was
conducted by Dr. Sene Bauman, Element Analysis Corporation. Matrix corrections
and data analysis were performed at Elemental Analysis Corporation and reviewed
by SwRI.
The weight percentages of each element are included in Table 7. Where the
concentration of an element was at the detection limit of the analytical procedure,
the word "trace" was used, and an asterisk (*) was used to identify those elements
with concentrations below the detection limit. Table 7 also includes the other
elements found in each sample which were not quantified.
H. Scanning Electron Microscopy
Samples from the front face of each converter and a sample from the rear
face of one converter for each engine family were examined by SEM. Each sample
was mounted on an aluminum stud and coated with a thin layer of carbon, followed
by a thin layer of gold. The purpose of this coating is to ground the sample and
reduce the effects of surface charging which decrease the surface resolution. A
spectrum and the surface topography was recorded for each sample at 2500X and a
voltage of 24 KeV. The twelve converters from Work Assignment No. 8 and several
samples with silicon-to-aluminum ratios greater than 2 were also evaluated at a
voltage of 30 KeV. The surface concentrations for silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, lead,
calcium, manganese, and zinc from the spectra were normalized to the aluminum
concentration. The results cure presented in Table 8. The actual spectra and the
representation of the surface are included in Appendix D.
-------
TABLE 7. ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS OF NOBLE METALS AND POISONS BY PIXE
Biscuit Sample Weight Percent of Element
Number
Location
P
S
Ca
Mn
Ni
Zn
Rh
Pd
Pt
Pb
Others
AZZ1/0198-A
LL1
LL2
LL3
1.3310.05
0.1610.05
*
0.1710.03
0.1510.0Z
0.2410.02
0.1210.01
0.0610.01
0.0910.0Z
0.0110.002
trace
O.OllO 0004
trace
0.0110.0003
0.2410.001
o.ozlo.oooz
0.0410.0004
0.0110.003
O.OllO.OOZ
0.0110.003
*
*
~
0.0910.01
0.0710.OOZ
0.1010.003
0.4510.003
0.0410.001
o.ozlo.ooi
Na,Mg,Al,K,Ti,Fe,Ce
Na,Mg,Al,Si,K,Ti,Fe,Ce
Na,Mg,Al,Sl,K,Ti,Fe,Ce
A249/0486-1
LL1
LLZ
LL3
0.6010.04
0.1010.04
trace
0.0610.03
*
*
0.0910.01
0.0710.01
0.0610.02
0.0310.00Z
0.0110.001
trace
0.0110.0004
trace
trace
0.1310.0005
0.0Z10.000Z
o.oilo.oooz
0.0110 005
o.ozlo.ooz
0.0210.003
*
*
*
0.1510.005
0.1510.003
0.1410.002
0.2010.002
0.0710.001
0.0310.001
Na,Mg,AI,Sl,K,Tl,Fe,Ce
N a,Mgp Al,Sl,K,Ti,Fe,Ce
Na,Mg,AI,SifKtTi,Fe,Ce
A249/0486-2
LL1
LLZ
LL3
0.9910.04
0.5310.04
0.1310.04
0.1010.03
0.0610.0Z
0.0810.02
o.ulo.oi
0.0910.01
0.0710.01
0.0610.003
0.0210.003
trace
0.0310.0004
0 0110.0004
0.0110.0003
0.2610.001
0.0810.0004
O.OZ1O.OO03
0.0310.005
0.0910.005
0.0310.004
*
~
*
0.2210.01
0.5910.005
0.2410.003
0.6710.003
O.Z 110.003
0.0510.002
Na.Mg.Al.Si.K.Ti.Fe.Ce
Na,Mg,Al,Sl,KtTl,Fe,Ce
Na,Mg,Al,Si,K,Ti,Fe,Ce
AZ49/0486-3-A
LL1
LLZ
LL3
0.Z010.04
*
0.5710.03
0.3210.02
0.3 210.02
0.1310.01
0.1010.01
0.1410.01
0.0110.003
0.0110 002
0.0110.002
0.0110.0004
0.0110.0003
O.OllO.0003
0.1010.0005
0.0310.0003
0.0310.0003
0 0610.005
0.0510.003
0.0510.003
*
*
*
0.3610.005
0.3110.003
0.3310.003
0.3210.003
0.0710.002
0.0410.00Z
Na,Mg,Al,Si,K,Tl,Fe,Ce
Na,Mg,Al>Si,K,Ti,Fe1Ce
Na,Mg,AlfSitK,TitFe,Ce
A249/0486-3-B
LL
0 Z810.0Z
0 0810.01
O.OllO 001
trace
o.oilo.oooz
0.4910.0005
0.0110.001
Na.Mg.Al.Sl.K.Tl.Fe
A280/0004L-A
LL1
LLZ
LL3
1 5510.05
0.2310.05
0.1Z10.05
0.0910.04
0.0410.0Z
0.0910.03
0 zzlo.oz
0.0810.01
0.0810.0Z
0.0Z10 003
0.0110.001
*
0.0110.0005
trace
trace
0.4310.001
0.0510.0003
0.0410.0003
0.0110.004
O.OllO.OOZ
0.0110.003
*
*
*
o.ioio.oi
0.0810.003
0.1410.003
0.6810.003
0.0510.001
0.0310.001
Na.Mg.Al.Si.K.TI.Fe.Ce
Na,Mg,AltSi,K,Ti,Fe,Ce
NajMg.Al.Si.K.Ti.Fe.Ce
A280/0004L-B
LL
0.0710 05
0.1210.0Z
0 0810.01
O.OllO.0005
trace
0.0510.0003
*
0.17+0.005
0.1410.001
Na.Mg.Al.Sl.K.Tl.Fe.Ce
A280/0006L-A
LL1
LL2
LL3
2.0310.04
0.Z910.05
0.1010.05
0.Z410.04
0.0710.02
0.1610.02
o.zolo.oz
0.0510 01
0 0610.02
0.0310.004
0.01I0.001
*
O.OZlO.0005
0 OllO.OOOZ
trace
1
0.5210.001
0.0410.0003
0.0410.0004
o.oilo.oos
O.OllO.OOZ
0.0110.003
*
*
*
0.1410.01
0.0610.003
0.0810.003
0.5010.003
0.0410.001
o.ozlo.ooz
N a,Mg, Al,St,K,Tl,Fe,Ce
N a,Mg, Al,Sl,KtTI,Fe,Ce
Na.Mg.Al.Si.K.Tl.Fe.Ce
A280/0006L-B
LL
0.0910.05
0.1810.03
0.0810.01
O.OllO.001
trace
0.0510.0002
*
0.1710 003
trace
0.1410.001
Na,Mg,Al,Si,K,Ti,Fe,Ce
A317/019f>-A
LL1
LLZ
LL3
1.2210.05
0.Z610.O5
0.2310.05
0.1710.03
0.1010.03
0.Zll0.03
0.Z610.01
0.0910.01
0.1010.01
0.0410.003
0 01I0.001
O.OllO.OOZ
0.0110.0004
O.OllO.0002
0.0110.0003
0.4410.001
0 0210.0002
0.0510.0004
0.0Z10 005
0 01I0.001
0 0110.003
*
*
~
0.1210.01
0.0410.002
0.1110.003
0.5010.003
0.0610.001
0.0910.00Z
Na,Mg,Al,Si,K,Tl,Fe,Ce
Na,Mg,Al,Si,K,TI,Fe(Ce
Na,MgtAlrSitKlTilFe,Ce
A317/0196-B
LL
0.1510 05
0.2010.04
o.iolo.oz
trace
trace
0.0310.0003
0.0110.003
0.1010.002
0.0510.00Z
Na,Mg, Al,SitTi,F e,Ba,Ce
A317/1115-A
LL1
LLZ
LL3
1.8010.04
1.0910.04
0.Z510.04
0.2010.03
0.1810.03
0.1310.0Z
o.zolo 01
o.ulo oz
0.0810.01
0.1810.003
0.0810.004
0.0310.002
O.OZ10.0004
0.0110.0004
trace
0.8Z10.01
0.1910.001
0.0610.0003
0.Olio.01)4
0.0310.005
O.OZlO 003
*
~
«
0.1610.01
0.1710.01
0 1Z10.003
0.7110.003
0.2810.003
0.1210.002
Na.Mg.Al.Si.K.Ti.Fe.Ce
Na,Mg,Al,Si,K,Ti,Fe,Ba,Ce
Na,Mg,Al,Si(K,Tl,Fe,Ba,Ce
A317/1115-B
LL
0.1010.05
0.0910.03
0.0610 01
O.OllO.OOZ
trace
O.OZlO.0002
O.OllO.OOZ
*
0.0610.002
0.0610.001
Na.Mg.Al.Sl.K.Tl.Fe.Ce
A317/U51-A
LL1
LLZ
LL3
1.Z910.O4
Z.4110.03
0.3Z10.04
0.1710.02
0.3910.03
0 2410.02
o.ulo.oi
0 1110.02
0.0810.01
0.0210.003
0 0210.003
*
O.OllO 0004
0.0110.0004
U.OliO.0003
0.3710.001
0.2910.001
0 0310.0004
O.OllO 004
0.0510 004
0 Olio 003
trace
trace
«
o.ioio.oi
0.Z81O.O1
0.1010.003
0.3110 003
0.3110.004
0 0410.002
Na.Mg.Al.Si.K.Ti.Fe.Ce
Na.Mg.Al.Si.K.Ti.Fe.Ce
Na,Mg,Al,Si,K,Ti,Fe
A317/1151-B
LL
O.Z110.05
0 0210.03
0.0810.01
trace
trace
0.0310 0003
0 oilo ooz
*
0.0810.002
0.0410.001
Na^Mg.Al.Si.TipFe.Ce
A337/0I51-A
LL1
LLZ
LL3
0 0710.05
0.2010.04
0.3010.03
0.3110.02
0 6610.02
0 4710.02
0.0510.01
0.0610 OZ
0 0810 OZ
*
*
0 01 tO.003
0.0110.0003
O.OZlO.0004
0 0110.0003
0 OllO.OOOZ
0.0510.0005
0.0910.0004
0 oiio.002
0.0310.004
0 ozlo ooz
*
*
*
0 0810.002
0 2 110.004
0 1310.004
0.0110.001
0.0710 002
0.0910.002
N a,Mg,AltSi,K,Tt,FerBa,Ce
Na,Mg,Al,Si,K,Ti,Fe,Ba,Ce
Na,Mg, AllSi>K,TilFepBa,Ce
A337/0151-B
LL
0.0710 05
0 4510.03
0 05l0 OZ
*
0 Olio 0003
0 OllO.OOOZ
o.oiio ooj
*
0 0910.00Z
0.0110.001
Na.Mg.Al.S^T^Fe.BajCe
-------
TABLE 7 (CONT'D). ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS OF NOBLE METALS AND POISONS BY PIXE
Weight Percent of Element
Number
Location
P
S
Ca
Mn
Ni
Zn
Rh
Pd
Pt
Pb
Others
A337/0227-A
LLl
LL2
LL3
0.3610.04
0.17+0.04
0.0910.05
0.3610.02
0.3410.02
0.3110.02
0.0610.01
0.0410.01
0.0410 02
trace
*
*
0.0110.0003
0.0110.0003
0.0110.0003
0.0810.0004
0.0210.0003
0.0110.0002
0.0210.003
0.0210.003
0.0210.002
*
*
*
0.1310.003
0.1210.002
0.1210.002
0.0810.002
0.0310.001
0.0210.001
Na,Mg,Al,Sl,K,Tl,Fe,Ba,Ce
Na,Mg,A),Si,K,Ti,Fc,Ba,Cc
Na,Mg,Al,SI,K,Tl,Fe,Ba,Ce
A337/0227-B
LL
0.0710.05
0.3110.03
0 0510.02
*
0 Olio.0002
0.0110.0002
0.0210.002
*
0.1010.002
O.OllO.OOl
Na,Mg,Al,SI,K,Ti,Fe,Ba,Ce
A279/0002L-A
LLl
LL2
LL3
1.5610.05
0.4210.04
0.2110.04
0.4610.03
0.2410.02
0.3310.02
0.0810.01
0.0510 01
0.05+0.01
o.llio.003
0.0210.002
0.0210.003
1.7410.001
1.2810.001
2.0110.001
0.3010.001
0.0410.001
0.0310.001
0.0210.005
0.0110.003
0.0210.01
*
trace
*
0.0910.01
0.0810.004
0.1010.005
0.2910.004
0.0510.002
0.0510.0003
Na,Mg,Al,Sl,K,TI,Fe,Ba,Ce
Na,Mg,Al,Si,K,Tl,Fe,Ba.Ce
Na,Mg,Al,Sl,K,Tl,Fe,Ba,Ce
A279/0002L-B
LL
0.1110.04
0.2110.02
0.0410.01
0.0210.001
0.0210.0002
0.0310.0002
*
O.OSlO.002
0.0710.002
0.0210.001
Na.Mg.Al.SI.K.Tl.Fe.Ce
A279/0003L-A
LLl
LL2
LL3
1.4010.05
1.0110.03
0.2410.05
0.2710.03
0.7910.02
0.4310.03
0.1110 01
0.0710 01
0 0610.01
0.3610.003
0.2310.01
0.0610 003
1.1810.001
4.8310.002
1.9610.001
0.2610.001
0.1410.003
0.0310.001
0 0210.004
0.0510.01
0.0210.01
*
0.0210.004
*
0.0810.01
0.2410.01
0.1210.005
0.5010.005
0.2310.005
0.1810.004
Na>Mg>A.l,St,K,Tl,Fe,Ba,Ce
Na,Mg,AlISl,K,Tl,Fe,Ba,Ce
Na,Mg,AI,Si,K,Ti,F e,Ba,Ce
A279/0003L-B
LL
0.1010.04
0.2110.03
0.0710.01
0.0610.002
0.0310.0003
0.0410.0003
0.07+0.003
0.1010.003
0.0910.001
Na,Mg,AI,Si,K,TitFe,Ce
A279/0004L-A
LLl
LL2
LL3
0 9610.05
0.2510.04
0.1510 04
0.2910.03
0.1310.02
0.2510.02
0.0610.01
0.0310.01
0.0210.01
0.0310.002
0.0110.003
trace
1.2110.001
i eoio.ooi
1 6110.001
0.1710.001
0.0110.001
0.0110.001
0.0210.005
0.0210.004
0 0210.004
*
*
0.0810.01
0.0910.003
0.0910.003
0.4310.004
0.0310.002
0.0110.002
Na.Mg.Al.Sl.K.Ti.Fe.Ba.Ce
Na,Mg,Al,SI,K,TI,Fe,Ba,Ce
Na,MgfAl,Si,K,Ti,Fe,Ba,Ce
A279/0004L-B
LL
~
0.0810.02
0.0410 01
trace
0.0210.0002
0.0210.0002
*
0.03t0.002
0.0410.003
0.0310.001
Na,Mg,Al,Si,K,Tl,Fe,Ce
A316/0460-1
LLl
LL2
LL3
l.ooio.os
0.9010.04
0.4310.03
0.1810.03
0.2810.02
0.2710.01
0.0910.01
0.0710.01
0 0510.01
0.0210.003
0.0110.004
0.0110 002
1.6910.001
2.3010.001
1.2710.001
0.3310.001
0.0610.001
0.0410.001
0.0210.01
0.0310.01
0.0210.004
trace
trace
o.ioio.oi
o.nio.oi
0.1010.004
0.4210.004
0.1310.005
0.0610.002
Na,Mg,AI,SlfK,Ti,Fe,Ba,Ce
Na,Mg,AI,Si,K,Ti,Fe,Ba,Ce
Na,Mg,AI,Sl.K,TI,Fe,Ba,Ce
A316/0460-2
LLl
LL2
LL3
1.0710.04
0 5810.04
0 2110.04
0.1510.03
0.2010.02
0.3210.02
0.0510.01
0.0410.01
0.0510.01
0.0310.003
0.0110.003
trace
1.5610.001
1.8010 001
2 1410 001
0.2610.001
0.0410.001
0.0310.001
0.0310.01
0.0210.005
0.0310.005
*
*
0.0110.004
o.ioio.oi
0.1010.005
0.1210.005
0.4810.005
0.0910.003
0.0410.002
Na,Mg,Al,Si,K,Tl,Fe,Ba,Ce
NatMg,Al,Si,K,Tf,Fe,Ba,Ce
Na,Mg,Al,Si,K,Tt,Fe,Ba,Ce
A316/0460-3
LLl
LL2
LL3
0.5610.04
0.1810.04
0.0410.04
0.5610.03
0.2210.02
0.0710.03
0.1510.01
0 0510.01
0 0510.01
0.0310.001
O.OllO.OOl
0.0110.001
0.03*0.0003
0.0210.0003
0.0110.0002
0.2410.0003
0 0410.0003
0.0310.0002
*
*
*
0.0510 003
0.0610.003
0.0310 002
0.0810.005
0.0910.003
0.0510.002
0.2310.002
0.0410.001
0.0210.001
Na,Mg,Al,Si,K,TI,Fe,Ce
Na,Mg,Al,Si,K,Tl,Fe,Ce
Na,Mg,Al,Si,K,TI,Fe,Ce
A316/0665-I
LLl
LL2
LL3
1.3710.04
0 7110.03
0.1510.002
0.1010.02
0.2010.02
0.1610.02
0.0910.01
0.0510.01
0 0410.01
0.0510 003
0 0210.005
0 0110.004
1.5410 001
4 2210.002
2.3310.001
0.2810 001
0.0910.002
O.0110.002
0.0210.005
0.0310.01
0.0210.01
*
0.0110.003
0.0110.005
0.0910.01
0.1610.01
0.1210.01
0.2310.004
0.0310.003
0.0210.002
Na,Mg,Al,Si,K,Tt,Fe,Ba,Ce
Na1Mg,Al,Si,K,Ti,Fe,Ba,Ce
Na.Mg.Al.Si.K.TI.Fe.Ba.Ce
A316/0665-2
LLl
LL2
LL3
1.2610.03
0.8610.03
0 1910.03
0.1110.02
0.1710.02
0.1610.02
0 0910.01
0.0710 01
0 0610.01
0.0710.003
0.0310.005
0.0110 004
1.3210.001
3.4910 001
2.3810.001
0.3810 001
0.1010.002
0.0410 001
0 0210 004
0.0310.01
0 0310.01
trace
0 01t0.004
0.0910.01
0.1510.01
0.13i0.005
0.3610.004
0.0410 003
0.0110.002
NapMg,Al,Sl,K,Ti,Fe,Ba,Ce
Ha.Mg.Al.Si.K.Tl.Fe.Ba.Ce
Na,Mg,A],SitK,Ti,Fe,Ba,Ce
A316/0665-3
LLl
LL2
LL3
0.3910 04
0.1810.03
*
0.2010.02
0.2010.02
trace
o.ioio.oi
0 1210.01
0.0810 01
0 0310.002
0 0110.002
0 0110 001
0 0410.0004
0.0510 0003
0.0210 0002
0 2210.001
0.1210 0004
0.0410 0002
0 0110 003
*
*
0 0510 004
0 1110 001
0.0410 002
o loio.oi
0 2110 004
0 0710.002
0.1710 002
0.2410.002
0.0510.001
Na,Mg,AI,SI,K,TI,Fe,Ce
Na,Mg,Al,SI,K,TI,Fe,Ce
N a,Mg,Al,Sl,K,Tl,Fe,Ce
A338/0124-L
LLl
LL2
LL3
0 7610.04
0.3610.04
0 0910.05
o.nlo.03
0.3110.03
0.2910.02
0.0610 01
0.0410.02
0.0310.01
0 0210.002
*
0.9310.001
2.7510.001
1 5310.001
0.0610 001
0.0210 001
trace
0.0210.004
0 0310-01
0 02t0 004
*
*
*
0.0710.005
0 1410.005
0 0810.003
0.1010.002
0.0310 003
0 0110.002
NapMg,AI,Si,K,Tl,Fe,Ba,Ce
Na,MgtAI,Sl,TitFe,Ba,Ce
Na.Mg.AI.Sl.K.TI.Fe.Ba^e
-------
TABLE 7 (CONT'D). ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS OF NOBLE METALS AND POISONS BY PIXE
Biscuit
Sample
Weight Percent of Element
Number
Location
P
S
Ca
Mn
Ni
Zn
Rh
Pd
Pt
Pb
Others
A338/0124-2
LL1
LL2
LL3
0 99+0.04
0 3310.03
0.0910.04
0.2110.03
0.3610.02
0.2810.03
0.0710.02
0.0410.02
0.0410.02
0.0210 003
«
1.4010.001
4.0210.002
1.5810.001
0.1310.001
0.0510.002
0.0210.001
0.0110.01
0.0310.01
0.0210.005
*
*
0.0910.01
0.1910.01
0.0810.004
0.0910.002
0.0310.003
0.0110.002
NaIMg,AI,SifK,Ti,Fe
Na,Mg,AI,S),KtTi,Fe,Ba,Ce
NatMg,AlpSif K,T)(FetBa(Ce
A338/0124-3
LL1
LL2
LL3
0.19+0.05
0.11*0.05
0.06+0.03
0.2910.03
0.3410.02
o.iolo.oi
0.1010.02
0.0610.02
0.0310.01
0.0110.001
+
trace
0.0710.0003
0.0310.0003
0.0210.002
0.0610.0003
0.0210.0003
0.0110.0002
trace
0.0110 003
trace
0.0310.002
0.0610.004
0.0610.001
0.0710.003
0.1810.003
O.I 110.001
0.0610.001
0.0510.001
0.0110.001
Na^g.Al.SipK/T^Fe.Ce
Na,Mg,Al,Si,K,TifFe,Ba,Ce
Na.Mfi, Al,Si,K,Ti,Fe,Ce
A230/0734-A
LLI
LLZ
LL3
1.44+0.04
0.52+0.04
0.1210.04
0.1810.03
0.0910.02
0.1310.02
0.1610.02
0.0910.01
0.0810.02
0.02+0.002
0.0110.003
*
0.0210.0004
0.0110.0005
0.0110.0005
0.2910.001
0.0610.001
0.0210.0005
0.0 HO 004
0.0210.005
0 0110.004
0.0510.003
0.0610.01
0.0610.01
O.lllO.Ol
0.1410.005
0.1310.003
0.3910.003
0.0610.002
0.0110.002
Na,Mg,Al,Si,K,Ti,Fe,Ce
Na,Mg,Al,Si,K,Ti,Fe,Ce
Na,Mg,Al,Si,K,Tl,Fe,Ce
A 230/0734-B
LL
0.1410.04
0.1710.02
0.1010.02
*
0.0110.0004
0.0310.0004
0.0310.001
0.0910.004
0.2010.003
0.0110.002
Na,Mg, Al,Si,Ti,Fe,Ce
A 254/0031-A
LLI
LL2
LL3
2.3710.05
0.9310.04
0.1510.05
0.5510.04
2.2010.03
1.5410.03
0.1710.02
0.0810.02
0.0810.02
0.1210.01
*
0.0210.001
trace
trace
0.4910.001
0 0910.001
0.0410.001
0.0410.01
0 0510.01
0.0310.01
*
*
*
0.3110.01
0.5210.01
0.3210.01
1.8410.01
0.5510.01
0.1110.003
Mg,Al,SifK,Ti(Fe,Ba,Ce
Na,Mg,AI,SiPK,Fe,Ba,Ce
Na,Mg,Al,Si,K,Fe,Ba,Ce
A254/0031-B
LL
*
0.9010.04
0.0610.02
0.2110.001
trace
0.0110.0003
0.0110.003
0.1510.002
0.0310.01
Na,Mg,AI,Sl,K,Ti,Ba,Ce
A254/Q275-A
LLI
LL2
LL3
2.4910.05
0.6010.05
0.1310.05
0.7810.04
1.3510.03
1.8110.03
0.1310.02
0.0810.02
0.0810.02
*
*
*
O.OllO.OOl
trace
trace
0.3310.001
0.0510.0005
0.0410.0005
0.0310.01
0.0210.004
0.0310.005
~
trace
trace
0.2510.01
0 2610.005
0.2610.004
1.3910.005
0.2710.003
0.0910.002
Na,Mg,AI,Si,K,Ti,Ba,Ce
Na,Mg,A),Si,K,Tt,FefBa,Ce
Na,MgtAI,SI,K,Fe»Ba,Ce
A254/0275-B
LL
0.1310.05
1.8710.03
0.0810.02
trace
0.0210.0004
0.0310.005
*
0.2010.004
0.0510.002
Na,Mg,Al,Ti,Fe,Ba,Ce
A306/0166
LLI
LL2
LL3
1.15+0.04
0.4110.04
0.1310.04
0.1710.03
0.2510.03
0.0910.03
0 1010.01
0.0510.02
0.0410 01
0.0410.002
0.0110.002
trace
0.6910.001
1.0810.001
0.5610.0005
0.2710.001
trace
0.0210 0005
0.0410 004
0 0610.004
0 0310.004
*
*
*
0.1910.01
0.3010.004
0.1510.003
0.6510.004
0.1110.003
0.0410.002
NBtMg,AllSi,K^TitFe,Ce
Na,Mg,AI,Si,K,Ti,Fe,Ce
Na,Mg,AI,Si,K,Ti,Fe,Ce
A306/0192
LLI
LL2
LL3
0.7 210.03
0.2210.04
0.10+0 04
0.1510.03
0.3310.03
0.1210.02
0.1210 01
0.1310.02
0.0610.02
0.0310.003
*
*
0.1210.0005
0.3510.001
0.1310.0005
0.1510.001
0.0310.001
0.0110.0004
0.0310.004
O.lllO.Ol
0.0310.005
*
trace
*
0.1810.01
0.5610.01
0.1710.003
0.4910.003
0.1210.004
0.0210.002
Na,Mg,AI,Si,K,T],F e,Ce
Na,Mg,Al,St,K,Ti,Fe,Ba,Ce
Na,Mg,Al,Si,KtTi,Fe,Ce
A338/0136-1
LLI
LL2
LL3
0.2610.04
0.1110 04
0.09+0.04
0.2710.02
0.4510.03
0.1910.02
0.0610.01
0.0310.01
0 0410.01
0 0110.003
*
*
1.7410.001
4.0410.002
1.0110.001
0.0410.001
0 0110.002
trace
0.0310.003
0.0410.01
0 0110.004
*
0 0110.004
*
0.1210.005
0.2210.005
0.0810.002
0.0510.002
0.0310.003
O.OllO.OOl
Na,Mg,A),Si,K,Tl,Fe,Ba,Ce
Na,Mg,AI,Si,Ti,Fe,Ba,Ce
Na,Mg,AI,Si,K,Ti,Fe,Ba,Ce
A338/0136-2
LLI
LL2
LL3
0.3710.03
0.1510.03
0.0710.03
0.2110.02
0.4110.02
0.2710.02
0.0510.01
0.0410.02
0 0410.01
0 0110.02
«
*
1.4510.001
4.0210.002
2.1010.001
0 0610.001
0.0210.02
0.0110.001
0 0210.003
0.0510.01
0.021D.004
*
trace
*
0.1010.003
0.2110.01
0 1210 003
0.0510.001
0.0210.004
0.0110.002
Na,Mg,Al,SitK,Ti,Fe»Ba,Ce
Na,Mg,A),Si,Tt,Fe,Ba,Ce
NaiMg,Al,SitK,Ti,Fe,Ba,Ce
A338/0136-3
LLI
LL2
LL3
0.0910 04
*
0.2310.02
0.2210 03
0.0410 02
0 0710.01
0 0510.01
0 0410.01
0 0110.001
*
trace
0.0510.0002
0.0410.0003
0.0110.0002
0.0310.0003
0.0110.0003
trace
trace
*
*
0.0810.002
O.lllO.OOl
0.0210 003
0.1510.002
0.2210.002
0.0410 001
0.0510.001
0 0210.001
trace
Na,Mg,Al,Si,K,Ti,Fe,Ce
Na,Mg,Al,Si,Ti,Fe,Ce
NatMg,AlfSi,KfTl,Fe,Ce
A334/0677-A
LLI
LLZ
LL3
1 0510.05
0.2210.04
0 1310.03
3 9610.15
0 6610 08
0 5310.07
0.1110.02
0 0510.01
0 0610.01
0.2710.01
0 0910 004
0 0810 004
1.7610.004
1.6110.002
1 4 110 002
0.3810 003
0.0710.002
0.0510 002
*
0.0310 02
0 02±0 02
0.0710.04
0.0810 02
0 0bl0.02
0 2210 03
o.isio.oi
0 I5l0 01
29.1310.01
14.83l0.01
12 42l0 02
Mg,Al,Si,Ce,Ti,Fe,Ba,Ce
Na.Mg^l.Si/TI.Fe^a^e
^atMgtAI,SifTlfFelBalCe
A334/0677-B
LL
0 1910.05
1.4810 08
0 0810.01
0 11 to 001
tracp
0.0610.001
¦»
0 0810 01
0 UlO 01
7.3810.01
Na,Mg, Al,Si,K,TirCe
-------
TABLE 8. SURFACE ATOMIC PERCENT RATIOS OF ELEMENTS
NORMALIZED TO ALUMINUM
Biscuit Normalized Atomic Ratios
Number
P
S
Ca
Mn
Pb
Si
Zn
A221/0198
1.69
0.19
0.09
0.02
0.19
2.05
0.31
A221/0198**
1.51
0.06
0.02
0.18
1.98
0.19
A221/0310
1.28
0.18
0.05
0.03
0.52
2.89
0.44
A221/0310**
1.68
0.03
0.03
0.57
2.63
0.42
A249/0486-1
0.81
0.00
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.10
0.07
A249/0486-2
3.03
0.00
0.20
0.29
0.85
3.36
0.83
A249/0486-3
0.58
0.47
0.17
0.00
0.13
0.14
0.09
A280/0004L
2.06
0.00
0.47
0.05
0.38
3.69
0.24
A280/0005L
3.70
0.00
1.11
0.38
0.16
4.21
1.86
A280/0005L**
3.29
0.88
0.30
0.09
3.02
1.36
A280/0006L
1.62
0.00
0.21
0.07
0.04
2.59
0.27
A317/0196
8.32
0.00
1.15
0.36
1.25
4.43
6.10
A317/1115
3.08
0.00
0.42
0.39
0.41
3.43
1.56
A317/1151
13.78
5.95
0.64
2.59
5.58
11.12
A317/1151*
0.50
0.04
0.09
0.01
0.03
0.08
0.06
A337/0151
0.62
0.04
0.12
0.03
0.15
1.09
0.36
A337/0227
0.58
0.06
0.07
0.02
0.13
0.95
0.29
A337/0227*
0.02
0.03
0.01
0.02
A240/0007
0.92
0.00
0.03
0.04
0.14
0.12
0.22
A240/0007**
0.89
0.00
0.02
0.03
0.12
0.10
0.17
A240/0270
0.97
0.00
0.02
0.06
0.09
0.52
0.28
A240/0270**
0.90
0.00
0.02
0.04
0.08
0.47
0.19
A279/0002L
1.62
0.06
0.14
0.16
0.17
0.31
0.54
A279/0002L*
0.41
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.04
A279/0003L
5.67
0.54
2.44
0.92
1.06
1.94
A279/0004L
0.20
0.02
0.005
0.06
A316/0460-1
1.03
0.00
0.09
0.04
0.28
2.29
0.44
A316/0460-1**
0.71
0.00
0.06
0.02
0.19
1.75
0.26
A316/0460-2
10.09
0.00
1.14
0.99
4.10
25.68
9.19
A316/0460-2**
9.65
0.00
0.67
0.45
2.98
20.92
5.77
A316/0460-3
0.77
0.59
0.25
0.01
0.06
0.63
0.10
A316/0665-1
1.38
0.08
0.09
0.13
0.49
0.44
-------
TABLE 8 (CONT'D). SURFACE ATOMIC PERCENT RATIOS OF ELEMENTS
NORMALIZED TO ALUMINUM
Biscuit Normalized Atomic Ratios
Number
P
S
Ca
Mn
Pb
Si
Zn
A316/0665-2
4.06
0.00
0.31
0.32
0.52
2.24
1.33
A316/0665-2**
2.62
0.00
0.20
0.18
0.36
1.55
0.89
A316/0665-3
0.41
0.03
0.06
0.00
0.01
0.07
0.07
A338/0124-1
1.01
0.00
0.09
0.06
0.15
1.46
0.48
A338/0124-2
0.80
0.00
0.10
0.07
0.22
1.67
0.26
A338/0124-3
0.06
0.05
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.07
0.02
A338/0136-1
0.38
0.01
0.06
0.01
0.03
0.22
0.06
A338/0136-2
0.41
0.00
0.05
0.01
0.02
0.30
0.07
A338/0136-3
0.07
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.06
0.01
A220/0400
1.75
0.08
0.08
0.04
0.84
2.26
0.48
A220/0400**
1.72
0.00
0.07
0.04
0.67
1.93
0.36
A230/0649
0.07
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.06
0.01
A230/0649**
0.09
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.08
0.00
A230/0734
0.79
0.00
0.09
0.01
0.08
0.32
0.17
A230/0734**
0.72
0.07
0.01
0.07
0.27
0.16
A246/0092
0.72
0.00
0.03
0.02
0.07
0.13
0.05
A246/0092**
0.71
0.00
0.02
0.02
0.07
0.20
0.06
A246/0092*
0.05
0.05
0.004
0.09
A246/0092**
0.08
0.03
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.13
0.00
A334/0677
8.53
0.00
1.52
18.86
0.98
1.57
A334/0677*
0.08
0.00
0.03
0.65
0.37
A254/0031
16.44
3.12
0.40
7.37
0.22
10.39
A254/0031*
0.20
0.05
0.01
0.00
0.02
0.02
0.01
A254/0037
0.19
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.02
A254/0037**
0.16
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
A254/0191
3.45
0.26
0.21
0.26
1.55
1.01
1.66
A254/0191**
3.43
0.26
0.21
0.26
1.53
1.01
1.64
A254/0275
11.99
0.36
1.25
0.00
3.08
0.24
3.63
A306/0156
1.86
0.61
0.63
0.09
0.04
0.23
0.56
A306/0156*
0.12
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.05
0.01
A306/0192
2.47
0.00
0.42
0.17
0.61
0.24
0.72
*Rear Face of A biscuit for comparison within each engine family.
** Ratios at 30 keV
-------
23
I. Oxygen Sensors
In addition to catalyst evaluations, oxygen sensors were also examined m this
work assignment. A total of 5 oxygen sensors were evaluated. A list of oxygen
sensors evaluated is presented in Table 9, and a list of evaluations and test
parameters is included in Table 10. All "on-engine" tests were compared to a new
Ford sensor, which served as a reference.
A leak-down rate chamber was prepared to determine the leakage rate of each
of the sensors. The internal volume of the chamber was measured at 3220 ml. A
pressure transducer, mounted on one end, was connected to a strip chart recorder.
The chamber was pressurized to an internal pressure of 10"Hg, and the leakage rate
was determined after 15 minutes. The leakage rate for each sensor is reported in
Table 11.
Cold "light-off" times for all the oxygen sensors were determined using
exhaust gas from an engine mounted on a dynamometer test stand. The sensors
initially started at room temperature and were heated by the exhaust gases to
approximately 370°C. The times for the sensors to begin to respond and the exhaust
temperatures are presented in Table 12.
The response times of all the sensors were determined at 370°C and 590°C.
The response times were measured following an instantaneous switch from a rich to
a lean air/fuel ratio and again from lean to rich. The response times for each sensor
are recorded in Table 13.
The voltage outputs at various air/fuel ratios with an exhaust temperature of
590°C were also determined. These data are presented in Table 14. The air/fuel
ratio was slowly changed from rich to lean in a stepwise manner. The voltage
output of each sensor was recorded as a function of the air/fuel ratio. These data
can be used to determine the air/fuel ratio at which the sensor will send a signal to
the fuel system for a change from rich to lean and conversely.
The specific surface area of each sensor tip was determined with the same
technique used for the catalyst samples. The results are included m Table 15. One
important note is that the results for surface areas of sensor tips using the
multipoint technique are about 4 to 6 times greater than with the singlepoint
technique which was used in previous work assignments. The cause of the lower
single point values is the result of a negative peak which follows the desorption
peak. The negative peak is probably due to the larger thermal mass of the sensor
tips. The area under the negative peak was not accounted for in the singlepoint
analysis in the previous work assignments and resulted m lower reported values. The
plots for the BET equation versus the relative pressure for each sensor tip are
included in Appendix E.
The exterior surfaces of the oxygen sensor tips were examined with ESCA.
This is a quantitative technique capable of determining the concentration of all
elements except hydrogen and helium above about 0.1 atom percent in the sample.
The depth of penetration is about 100 angstroms into the sample. Typical elements
detected are carbon (C), oxygen (O), aluminum (Al), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca),
silicon (Si), chlorine (CI), sulfur (S), phosphorous (P), lead (Pb), nitrogen (N), zinc
(Zn), sodium (Na), chromium (Cr), and iron (Fe). The sensor tip consists of a
yttrium-impregnated zirconium dioxide ceramic with a thin platinum coating
-------
24
TABLE 9. LIST OF OXYGEN SENSORS FOR EVALUATION
Sensor
Engine
Number
Make
F amily
Comments
A317/0196
Chrysler
ECR2.2V5FAA8
A317/1151
Chrysler
ECR2.2V5FAA8
ceramic tip broken
A316/0205
Ford
EFM3.8V5HHF7
electrical lead cut
A334/1502
GM
E6G4.1V5NKA7
A310/0298
-------
25
TABLE 10. Oz SENSOR EVALUATION
1. Leak-Down Check
a. Prepare leak-down chamber
b. Attach 02 sensor
c. Pressurize with air to 10" Hg
d. Monitor the leak-down rate on a strip chart recorder
2. Engine Evaluation
a. Light-Off
(1) Mount O2 sensor onto exhaust generator (370°C)
(2) Warm engine to set temperature and switch exhaust to sensor
(3) Determine "light-off" time by recording the sensor voltage
b. Voltage Output
(1) Monitor voltage output on strip chart as A/F ratio stepwise
changes from 14 to 16 at 370°C
(2) Repeat at another exhaust temperature (590°C)
c. Repsonse Time
(1) Measure response time for instananeous shifts in A/F ratio
from 14 to 16 and then 16 to 14 (change from 300 millivolts to
600 millivolts) at 370°C.
(2) Repeat at another exhaust temperature (590°C).
3. Laboratory Analysis
a. Disassemble
b. Conduct surface area analysis
c. Submit for ESCA of exterior metals and poisons
-------
26
TABLE 11. LEAKAGE RATE FOR OXYGEN SENSORS
Sensor
Number
Temperature. °F
Pressure,
"Hg
Leakage Rate
SCIM*
Initial
Final
Initial
Final
A317/0196
78
77
9.70
9.44
0.11
A317/1151
75
75
10.18
0.00
66
A316/0205
77
77
9-91
9.87
0.01
A310/0298
77
77
10.03
9.98
0.02
A334/1502
77
77
10.18
10.15
0.01
*SCIM - Standard cubic inches per minute
-------
27
TABLE 12. 02 SENSOR EVALUATION - LIGHT-OFF TIMES AT 370°C
Sensor
A/F
Final
Temperature, °F
Light-Off Tim
es, Sec.
Number
Ratio
Voltage, mV
Initial*
Final**
Initial*
Final* *
A310/0298
13.62
700
601
702
35
364
A316/0205
13.72
770
554
676
18
236
A317/0196
13.62
353
582
694
25
424
A317/1157
13.62
c
550
18
A334/1502
13.72
710
558
671
20
218
Referencea
13.72
910
550
670
18
211
Reference^5
13.62
910
572
680
22
205
~Initial temperature is temperature where sensor begins to respond.
Initial time is time when sensor begins to respond.
**Final temperature is temperature where sensor reached 90% of final response.
Fined time is time to reach 90% of final response
aTest with sensors A316/0205, A317/1157, and A334/1502
^Test with sensors A310/0298 and A317/0196
cAchieved a maximum voltage of 280 mV and then stopped working at 435 seconds
-------
TABLE 13. Oz SENSOR EVALUATION - RESPONSE TIME AT 370°C
Response Time to Maximum Response Time for
Response, sec. 600-200 mV, sec.Voltages
T est
1
Test 2
Test 1
Test 2
Limiting
Sensor
Number
Rich
to Lean
Lean
to Rich
Rich
to Lean
Lean
to Rich
Rich
to Lean
Lean
to Rich
Rich
to Lean
Lean
to Rich
Voltages,
Rich
, mV
Leai
Response
Time at 370°C
A310/0298
154
72
170
74
24
36
21
38
864
40
A316/0205
4
2
3
1
0.5
1
0.2
0.5
737
72
A317/0196
50
1
45
1
3
0.2
2
0.2
651
115
A317/1157
--
A334/1502
1
2
2
2
0.5
1
0.2
0.8
670
28
Reference la
13
1
8
1
1
0.2
1
0.2
927
73
Reference 2^
17
0.5
15
1
1
0.2
1
0.2
917
29
Response Time at 590°C
A310/0298
65
98
69
104
10
48
10
47
602
37
A316/0205
5
2
5
2
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
885
42
A317/0196
5
2
5
3
NA
NA
NA
NA
79
12
A317/1157
A334/1502
0.8
1
1
2
0.2
1
0.2
1
663
0
Reference la
18
3
15
2
1
1
1
1
942
70
Reference 2b
12
2
12
1
0.2
1
0.2
1
958
60
aTest 1 with sensors A316/0205, A317/1157, A334/1502,
bTest 2 with sensors A310/0298, A317/0196
no response
was recorded for A317/1157
-------
TABLE 14. 02 SENSOR EVALUATION - VOLTAGE OUTPUT VERSUS
AIR/FUEL RATIO AT 590°C
A/F
Voltage Output, mV
Ratio
A310/0298
A317/1157
A317/0196
Referencea
14.00
570
150
73
960
14.16
540
130
84
950
14.37
260
125
75
875
14.60
63
108
35
600
14.80
23
68
23
400
15.00
17
68
17
240
15.10
15
72
16
200
15.20
15
74
15
135
15.29
11
75
14
130
15.40
10
70
16
97
15.49
8
67
15
85
15.59
8
62
15
80
15.78
7
90
15
84
15.92
7
75
15
70
16.02
8
60
15
70
15.69
9
40
15
80
14.94
10
*
20
210
14.70
17
23
480
14.49
20
6
600
14.29
90
16
80
850
14.07
600
"¦
78
950
A/F
Voltage Output,
mV
Ratio
AA316/0205
A334/1502
Reference
14.02
900
745
960
13.97
885
620
953
14.12
875
635
945
14.23
870
622
940
14.32
865
615
935
14.39
845
620
933
14.51
800
610
923
14.68
600
600
800
14.57
550
600
680
14.80
160
300
520
14.88
80
170
310
15.04
70
120
210
15.13
60
60
120
15.23
60
40
105
15.34
58
35
90
15.43
57
35
93
15.61
53
35
90
15.51
55
38
90
15.69
50
33
85
15.78
50
32
87
16.04
45
30
80
15.94
46
28
82
~negative
voltage
aTests compared to sensors A310/0298, A317/1157, and A317/0196
-------
TABLE 15. SPECIFIC SURFACE AREA OF OXYGEN SENSORS
Sensor
Number
Specific Surface
Area, m^/g
Surface Area,
A317/0196
0.9510.02
3.9
A317/1151
2.0910.14
6.8
A316/0Z05
2.9810.08
8.2
A334/1502
0.9210.02
3.9
A310/0298
1.7210.08
4.8
-------
31
covered by an exterior spinel coating. The spmel coating is composed of
magnesium, aluminum, and oxygen. The exteriors of the sensor tips contained many
of the same elements that are found in the catalysts as poisons. No data are
available at this time. The results will be compiled and submitted m a subsequent
communication.
IL QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CORRELATION
The quality assurance plan for this work assignment is covered under sections
1 and 2D-11D of the Quality Assurance Plan for Contract 68-03-3353 "Emission
Characterization and Control Studies for ECTD." This document discusses in detail
project organization, responsibility, objectives, procedures, sample custody, control
checks, preventive maintenance, and other aspects of the program to assure the
accuracy and precision of the results presented in this report. A listing of precision,
accuracy, and completeness is presented in Table 16. All measurements are
representative of the catalyst properties and conditions being measured.
The Micromeritics Flowsorb II dynamic surface area analyzer was set up to
analyze the catalyst samples "m-house." Two NBS Standard Reference Materials
and seven standards from Duke Scientific Corporation were used to establish the
instrument operating range and linearity, as well as confidence in the analytical
procedure. In this work assignment, the surface areas were determined with a
multipoint technique. A curve was established for the various gas concentrations to
determine the calibration setting for the instrument (Figure 4). The standards were
analyzed using this technique, and the results are given in Table 17. A plot of the
BET equation versus the relative pressure for the standards was presented in the
final report for Work Assignment No. 8. In general, the standards repeated within
the published confidence limits for the entire range of standards (0.62 m^/g to 265
m2/g).
m. SUMMARY
In summary, a total of 45 catalysts and catalyst samples were examined by
whole converter X-ray, X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, PIXE, BET surface
area analysis, and SEM. This letter report is a compilation of all of the data
available at the time of submittal, and is intended to serve as the final report of the
results for the program. Any data not included with this report will be reported as
information becomes available. Blanks were left in the Tables to indicate the
absence of data. Every effort has been made to provide a complete report, but
insufficient time was provided to complete all of the analyses. We hope that the
results from these catalyst and oxygen sensor evaluations will help to answer some
of the EPA questions about relationships concerning the condition of these items.
Please contact us if there are additional questions, or if we can be of further
assistance.
Prepared by: Reviewed by:
£. (jj I'lcuCmT-
E. Robert Fanick Charles T. Hare
Research Scientist Director
Department of Emissions Research Department of Emissions Research
-------
32
TABLE 16. PRECISION, ACCURACY, AND COMPLETENESS OBJECTIVES
Analytical Precision Coeff. Completeness
Procedures
of Variation, %
Accuracy
%
Whole catalyst X-ray
NAa
0.0Zb
2-2TC
95
X-ray fluorescence
1-3
±15%
95
X-ray diffraction
5
15%
95
BET surface area
7
13%
95
PIXE
±5
±5%
95
aNA = not applicable
^geometric unsharpness
csensitivity
/
-------
33
PAGE
CONVERTER SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
f. -t- +. + .
Equation for Line
7 = A + BX + CX2
Where:
A = 83.4527
B = 0.649277
C = 0.051388
r2 = 0.999711
N= 4
CQR= .3929
MEAN
X 12.425
y ioa.ao
4.50 7.50 10.5- 13.5 18.5 19.5 22.5
8.00 9.00 12.0 15.0 13.0 21.0 24.0
Carrier Gas Concentration, % Nitrogen
ST.0EV. REGRESSION LINE RES.HS.
8.1288 X= .45073*Y-33.543 1.3978
17.907 Y= 2.1874«X+ 74.322 S.7824
VARIABLE
1 P/PO
VERSUS VARIABLE 2 X/V
SYMBOLS
FIGURE 4. CALIBRATION KNOB SETTING FOR BET INSTRUMENT
-------
34
TABLE 17. QUALITY ASSURANCE OF SURFACE AREA STANDARDS
Standard
Composition
Standard Surface
Area, m^/g
Measured Surface
Area, m^/g
Percent
Difference
Zinc oxide
0.62±0.04
0.61
-1.6
Alpha alumina
0.78 NBS
0.73
-6.4
Alumina
1.3910.12
1.38
-0.7
Alumina
3.0410.25
3.21
5.6
Titanium dioxide
7.0510.7
6.97
-1.1
Alumina
14.010.6
14.00
0.0
Graphitized Carbon
Black
71.3 NBS
73.13
2.6
Alumina
81.416.2
82.37
1.2
Alumina
265111
220.5
Average
-16.8
-1.916.5
-------
APPENDIX A
WHOLE CATALYST X-RAY RADIOGRAPHS
-------
INLET
SWRi
7 887
A2800004L
OUTLET
Figure A-l. X-Ray Radiograph of A280/0004L
A-2
-------
INLET
frU>5
OUTLET
Figure A-2. X-Ray Radiograph of A280/0006L
A-3
-------
INLET
OUTLET
Figure A-3. X-Ray Radiograph of A317/0196
A-4
-------
INLET
OUTLET
Figure A-4. X-Ray Radiograph of A317/1115
A-5
-------
INLET
OUTLET
Figure A-5. X-Ray Radiograph of A317/1151
A-6
-------
INLET
OUTLET
Figure A-6. X-Ray Radiograph of A337/0151
A-7
-------
INLET
OUTLET
Figure A-7. X-Ray Radiograph of A337/0227
A-8
-------
INLET
eooowiv
OUTLET
Figure A-8. X-Ray Radiograph of A279/0002L
-------
INLET
irfoonon
OUTLET
Figure A-9. X-Ray Radiograph of A279/0003L
A-10
-------
INLET
OUTLET
Figure A-10. X-Ray Radiograph of A279/0004L
A-ll
-------
INLET
OUTLET
Figure A-ll. X-Ray Radiograph of A316/0665-1
A-12
-------
INLET
OUTLET
Figure A-12. X-Ray Radiograph of A316/0665-2
A-13
-------
INLET
Mil ill 11
irs;
>,* fl ' 7 ¦* %m. *
I H
lIlMtMlflHi
i S990 91 e*
OUTLET
Figure A-13. X-Ray Radiograph of A316/0665-3
A-14
-------
INLET
£3340677
/A
OUTLET
Figure A-14. X-Ray Radiograph of A334/0677
A-15
-------
INLET
OUTLET
Figure A-15 X-Ray Radiograph of A339/0221
A-16
-------
INLET
SWRL *
7 8 87
, 1 <
OUTLET
Figure A-16. X-Ray Radiograph of A306/0156
A-17
-------
INLET
OUTLET
Figure A-17. X-Ray Radiograph of A306/0192
A-18
-------
APPENDIX B
BET EQUATION VERSUS RELATIVE PRESSURE
FOR CATALYST SAMPLES
-------
MCRONERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlwSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 7/13/87
SAMPLE I.D.: A221/0198-A LL-1
SAMPLE WEIGHT: 24.7300 g
WL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 utZ
STOLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 aHg
SATURATION PRESSU1E: 775 Brig
EXPERIMENTAL DATA VOL AD9IRBED X=P/Po Y=X/[(1-X)V]
(*)
-------
HICROERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATE
FlmSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 7/22^87
SAMPLE I.D.: A221/0198-A UL-2
ADSGRBATEs Nitrogen
SAMPLE HEIGHT: 26.3200 g
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 aHg
POL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 ntZ
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 nHg
SAWLE TEKOATUREs 0.00 C
EXPERIKNTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po
Y=x/[(i-*)v:
(» (V0U
(o^3/g AT STP)
5.000 26.83
1.02
0.0490
0.05056
3.860 33.10
1.26
0.0869
0.07566
12.100 33.22
1.26
0.1187
0.10667
BET SURFACE AREA:
5.37 +/-
0.60 trt/g
SLOPE:
0.8011 +/-
0.0895
INTERCEPT:
0.0097 +/-
0.0080
C:
83.93
Vi:
1.23 a*3/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9938
0.10667-
(l-X)V
K=P/Po
Figure B-2. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A221/0198-A-LL2
B-3
-------
HICROERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FloNSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATEs 7/20/87
SAMPLE 1.0.: A221/0198-A LL-3
AOSORBATE: Nitrogen
SAMPLE HEIGHT: 24.4600 g
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE
: 760 atig
K0L CROSS-SECTItM. AREA: 0.162 raT2
SATURATION PRESSURE
775 tnHg
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po Y=X/C(1-X)V]
(*) (V0U
(cT3/g AT STP)
3.000 32.93
1.3S
0.0490
0.03830
8.860 36.89
1.51
0.0869
0.06309
12.100 38.39
1.57
0.1187
0.08578
BET SURFACE AREA:
6.35 +/-
0.16 «r2/g
SUPS:
0.6811 ~/-
0.0169
INItHLLPI:
0.0046 +/-
0.0015
C:
149.34
V«:
1.46 arN5/g
CORRELATION CCEFFICIENT 0.9997
0.08578-1
1
* |
1
Y=
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
0.13
Figure B-3. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A221/0198-A-LL3
B-4
-------
MICRQERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FloNSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE; 7/23/87
SAMPLE I.D.: A221/0198-A LL-1
SAMPLE HEIGHT: 1.3603 g
HOL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 rart
SMRE TEMOATURE: 0.00 C
AOSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 artg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 aHg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED
X=P/Po
Y=x/c(i-x;
(*>
(VOL)
(ca^3/g AT STP)
5.000
2.06
1.51
0.0490
0.03405
8.860
2.32
1.71
0.0869
0.05579
12.100
2.49
1.83
0.1187
0.07355
22.000
3.35
2.46
0.2157
0.11170
BET SURFACE AREA:
9.20 +/-
0.66 1*2/9
SLOPE:
0.4581 *(-
0.0337
INTERCEPT:
0.0149 +/-
0.0045
C:
31.71
Vh:
2.11 0*3/9
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9946
0.11170-
(l-X)V
X=9/Po
Figure B-4. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A221/0198-A-LL1 (Powder)
B-5
-------
MCROICRITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FIohSoH) 2300
BET SUIffflE AIEA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 7/23/87
SA»LE I.D.: A221/0198-B Ufi-1
SAJPLE HEIGHT: 24.3600 g
KQL CROSS-SECTIOWL AREA: 0.162 r»*2
SAWLE TEHOATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 nHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 mHg
EXPERIICNTflL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)
ft)
(VOL)
(arag AT STP)
5.000
34.19
1.40
0.0490
0.03674
8.860
36.53
1.50
0.0869
0.06345
12.100
39.39
1.62
0.1187
0.08326
BET SURFACE AREA:
6.46 +/-
0.23 oT2/g
SLOPE:
0.6694 +/-
0.0235
INTERCEPT:
0.0043 +/-
0.0021
C:
155.05
Vr:
1.48 crt/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9994
0.08326-
X=P/Po
0.13
Figure B-5. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A221/0198-B-UR1
B-6
-------
HICROHERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/21/87
SAHPLE I.D.: A221/0198-B (UR-2 1/2 EAR FAK) ADSORBATE; Nitrogen
SAMPLE WEIGHT: 23.0200 g BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 anHg
ML. CROSS-SECTIONAL AIEA: 0.162 nsA2 SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 maHg
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po Y=X/C(1-X)V]
IX) (VfflJ (ctf\3/g AT STP)
5.000 23.79 1.03 0.0490 0.04989
8.860 27.59 1.20 0.0869 0.07939
14.900 31.17 1.35 0.1461 0.12638
BET SJiFACE AEA: 5.45 +/- 0.03 m^g
SLOPE: 0.7883 ~/- 0.0038
INTERCEPT: 0.0111 +/- 0.0004
C: 71.95
Va: 1.25 aT3/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 1.0000
0.12638-
X=P/Po
Figure B-6. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A221/Q198-B-UR2
B-7
-------
MICROfCRITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 7/27/87
SAMPLE I.D.: A249/0486-1-A LL-1
SAMPLE HEIGHT: 19.5300 g
HOL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 ra*2
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
AOSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 aHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 oaHg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
{*) (VOL)
VOL ADSORBED
(oT3/g AT STP)
X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
5.000
8.860
12.100
35.21
37.57
41.89
1.80
1.92
2.14
0.0490
0.0869
0.1187
0.02860
0.04946
0.06277
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
8.74 +/-
0.4927 +/-
0.0051 +/-
96.92
2.01 o^3/g
0.67 ^2/g
0.0378
0.0034
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9971
0.06277-
X=P/Po
0.13
Figure B-7. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A249/0486-1-LL1
B-8
-------
MICROCYTICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FloitSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/3/S7
SAMPLE I.D.: A249/0486-1-A
LL-2
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
SAWLE WEIGHT: 17.3400 g
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 uHg
ML CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA:
0.162 rm*2
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 ndg
SAWLE TEWERATURE: 0.00
C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED
X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V3
(<) (VOL}
(cf^/g AT STP)
5=000 22.13
1.28
0.0490
0.04040
8.860 24.25
1.40
0.0869
0.06804
12.100 24.96
1.44
0.1187
0.09353
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Vk:
5.69 +/-
0.7621 +/-
0.0027 +/-
287.86
1.31 0^3/g
0.15 n*2/g
0.0206
0.0018
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9996
0.09353-
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
0.13
Figure B-8. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A249/0486-1-LL2
B-9
-------
NICRCfCRITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FloMSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 7/29/07
SflWLE I.D.: A249/0486-1-A LL-3
SflffLE WEIGHT: 19.2900 g
BOL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 nT2
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 nHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 nHg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)
(*) (VOL)
(c**3/g AT STP)
5.000 30.2B
1.57
0.0490
0.03285
8.860 32.53
1.69
0.0869
0.05642
12.100 36.03
1.87
0.1187
0.07208
BET SURFACE AREA:
7.62 +/-
0.50 a*2/g
SLOPE:
0.5654 +/-
0.0372
INILHllPT:
0.0058 +/-
0.0033
C:
98.36
Va:
1.75 ar*3/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9978
0.07208-
X=P/Po
0.13
Figure B-9. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A249/0486-1-LL3
B-10
-------
HICRQERITICS INSTRKOT CORPORftTION
FloHSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 877/87
SAMPLE I.D.: A249/0486-1-A LL-1
SAMPLE HEIGHT: 1.2688 g
ML. CROSS-ffiCTICWfiL AREA: 0.162 nrt
SAMPLE TEWERATURE: 0.00 C
ADS3RBATE: Nitrogen
BARQCTRIC PRESSURE: 760 «Hg
SATURATION P&SSUK: 775 u*4g
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED
X=P/Po
Y=x/t(i-x;
(X)
(VQJ
(c^3/g AT STP)
5.000
2.58
2.03
0.0490
0.02536
8.860
2.99
2.36
0.0869
0.04038
12.100
3.32
2.62
0.1187
0.05145
22.000
3.95
3.11
0.2157
0.08836
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
V«J
11.35 ~/-
0.3765 +/-
0.0071 */-
53.88
2.61 oT3/g
0.12 v*2/g
0.0Q39
0.0005
ajRREWTIW COEFFICIENT 0.9999
0.08836-
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
0.23
Figure B-10. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A249/0486-1-LL1 (Powder)
B-ll
-------
HICROfERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlonSorb 2200
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 7/24/87
SAMPLE I.O.: A249/0486-2-A LL-1
SAMPLE WEIGHT: 17.5900 g
HOL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 nt2
SAffLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 oHg
SATURATICN PRESSUE: 775 soHg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)
(«
(VOL)
(0*3/9 AT STP)
5.000
26.78
1.52
0.0490
0.03387
8.860
29.06
1.65
0.0869
0.05760
12.100
30.97
1.76
0.1187
0.07647
BET SUFACE AREA:
7.06 +/-
0.11 8*2/g
SLOPE:
0.6123 +/-
0.0094
INTERCEPT:
0.0040 +/-
0.0008
C:
153.51
Vi:
1.62 art/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9999
0.07647
X=P/Po
0.13
Figure B-ll. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A249/0486-2-LL1
B-12
-------
MICBOKRITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/4/87
SAMPLE I.D.: A249/0486-2-A 11-2
SAMPLE HEIGHT: 15.9700 g
HOL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 m*2
SAMPLE TEWERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 mtfg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 rtg
EXPERIItNTAL DATA
(X) (VOL)
5.000 15.50
8.860 17.40
12.100 18.98
VOL ADSORBED
(cs*3/g AT STP)
0.97
1.09
1.19
X=P/Po
0.0490
0.0869
0.1187
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
0.05312
0.08733
0.11328
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Vi:
4.97 +/-
0.8653 +/-
0.0112 */-
78.58
1.14 arN3/g
0.14 i^g
0.0248
0.0022
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9996
0.11328-
Y=
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
0.13
Figure B-12. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A249/0486-2-LL2
B-13
-------
HICRONERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FloHSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/26/87
SAMPLE I.D.: A249/0486-2-A (LL-3J
SAPfLE (EIGHT: 14.7800 g
ML CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162
SfWLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 nHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 rnHg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
It) (VOL)
VOL ADSORBED
(cT3/g AT STP)
X=P/Po
Y=X/C(1-X)V]
5.000
8.860
14.900
18.61
19.73
22.98
1.26
1.33
1.55
0.0490
0.0869
0.1461
0.04095
0.07128
0.11006
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Vi:
6.09 +/-
0.7068 +/-
0.0076 +/-
93.43
1.40 art/g
0.34 irtJ g
0.03%
0.0040
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9984
0.11006-
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
0.16
Figure B-13.
Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A249/0486-2-LL3
B-14
-------
HICRKRITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlonSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/28/87
SAMPLE I.D.: A249/0486-2A
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
SfWLE HEIGHT: 1.5905 g
BARBETRIC PRESSURE: 760 tMq
MQL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 ntZ
SATURATICM PRESSURE: 775 aHg
SAMPLE TEWERflTURE: 0.00 C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
<%) (VOL)
(19*3/g AT STP)
5.000 3.20
2.06
0.0490
0.02500
8.860 3.47
2.18
0.0869
0.04361
14.900 4.00
2.51
0.1461
0.06804
22.000 4.S2
2.84
0.2157
0.09680
BET SURFACE AREA:
10.07 +/-
0.25 i*2/g
SLOPE:
0.4269 +/-
0.0105
INTERCEPT:
0.0052 +/-
0.0015
C:
32.46
Vk:
2.31 cT3/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9994
0.03680-
X
Y=
(l-X)V
0
0 X=P/Po 0.23
Figure B-14. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A249/0486-2-LL1 (Powder)
B-15
-------
HICROMERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/18/87
SAMPLE I. D.: A249/0486-3-A (U.-1)
SAMPLE WEIGHT: 30.7000 g
NOL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 rart
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 rasHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 fflnHg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
(*) (VOL)
VOL ADSORBED
(ctfNJ/g AT STP)
X=P/Po
Y=X/C(1-X)V]
5.000
8.860
14.900
69.89
78.58
81.57
2.28
2.56
2.66
0.0490
0.0869
0.1461
0.02265
0.03717
0.06440
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Vn:
10.04 +/-
0.4327 +/-
0.0007 +/-
593.53
2.31 (^3/9
0.48 ar^/g
0.0205
0.0021
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9989
0.06440-
Y=
(l-X)V
Figure B-15. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A249/0486-3-A-LL1
B-16
-------
MICR0OITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 7/23/87
SAMPLE I.D.: A249/048&-3-A
LL-2
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
SAUtE HEIGHT: 30.8600 g
BAROMETRIC PRESSU&: 760 mUq
ML CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA:
0.162 mT2
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 ortg
SAW>1£ TEffERATURE: 0.00
C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED
X=p/Po
Y=X/[(1X)V]
(« (V0U
(ra^J/g AT STP)
5.000 53.59
1.74
0.0490
0.02969
8.860 58.03
1.88
0.0869
0.05060
12.100 62.53
2.03
0.1187
0.06644
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Vi:
8.17 +/-
0.5286 +/-
0.0041 +/-
131.45
1.88 ar^/g
0.24 D"2/g
0.0154
0.0014
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9996
0.06644-
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
0.12
Figure B-16. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A249/0486-3-A-LL2
B-17
-------
HICR0HER1TICS INSTRUOT CORPORATION
FIonSoHi 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/5/87
SAMPLE 1.0.: A249/046&-3-A
LL-3
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
SAJPLE HEIGHT: 31.0300 g
BAROXETRIC PRESSURE: 760 aHg
ML. CR0SS-SECTICB4AL AREA:
0.162 rtf-2
SATURATHW PRESSURE: 775 urtg
SAWLE TEWERATURE: 0.00 C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
(*> (VOL)
(ca^/g AT STP)
5.000 72.25
2.33
0.0490
0.02214
8.860 75.80
2.44
0.0869
0.03895
12.100 78.13
2.52
0.1187
0.05347
BET SURFACE AREA:
9.68 +/-
0.08 0*2/g
SLOPE:
0.4497 +/-
0.0037
INTERCEPT:
0.0000 +/-
0.0003
C:
18243.18
Va:
2.22 cT3/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 1.0000
0.05347-
X
(l-X)V
0-
0 X=P/Po 0.13
Figure B-17. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A249/0486-3-A-LL3
B-18
-------
MICROMERITICS IfBTRUCNT CORPORATION
Flo*Sorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/21/87
SAMPLE I.D.: A249/0486-3-A
(LL-1)
ADSORBATE:
1 Nitrogen
SAMPLE HEI6HT: 1.7212 g
BARQCTRIC PFE5SURE:
760 maHg
M0L. CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA:
0.162 raA2
SATURATION PRESSURE:
775 anHg
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po Y=X/C(1-X)V]
(ft) (VOL)
(01*3/9 AT STP)
5.000 4.48
2.60
0.0490
0.01981
8.860 4.84
2.81
0.0869
0.03384
14.900 5.39
3.13
0.1461
0.05464
22.000 6.26
3.64
0.2157
0.07564
BET SUIffACE PISA:
12.84 +/-
0.42 n^g
SLOPE:
0.3348 +/-
0.0110
INTERCEPT:
0.0043 */-
0.0015
C:
78.65
Vis
2.95 01*3/3
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9989
0.07564-
X
<1-X)V
0-
0 X=P/Po 0.23
Figure B-18. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A249/0486-3-A-LL1 (Powder)
B-19
t
*
>
*
t-
-------
MICROKRITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlcwSorb 2300
BET SUIfrftCE AREA ANALYSIS
fEPORT DATE: 9/22/87
SftfPLE I.D.: A249/0486-3 UB-1
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
SAMPLE WEIGHT: 23.6700 g
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 aanHg
N0L CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 nnr"2
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 uaHg
SfWLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
EXPERIKNTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED
X=P/Po
M/C(1-X)V]
(%) (VOL)
(ar3/g AT STP)
5.000 IB. 59
0.65
0.0490
0.07952
8.860 20.52
0.72
0.0869
0.13294
14.900 21.48
0.75
0.1461
0.22840
BET SURFACE AREA:
2.82 +/- 0.
10 tf^g
SLOPE:
1.5404 +/- 0.0541
INTERCEPT:
0.0021 +/- 0.0055
C:
721.29
Vi:
0.65 art/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9994
0.22840-1
1
1
1
1
* 1
1
1
1
i
1
1
1
1
X 1
»
1
1
1
1
1
Y= I
1
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
0.16
Figure B-19. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A249/0486-3-B-UR1
B-20
-------
NICROMERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FloaSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
(EPORT DATE: 9/22/87
SAMPLE I.O.: (1249/0486-3-0 (Uft-2)
SAMPLE HEIGHT: 29.6200 g
MOL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 noA2
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
AOSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 mHg
SATURATION PIESSURE: 775 osHg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
(%) (VOL)
VOL ADSORBED
(ca^/g AT STP)
X=P/Po
y=x/c(i-xjv]
5.000
8.860
14.900
33.09
35.30
37.75
1.12
1.19
1.27
0.0490
0.0869
0.1461
0.04615
0.07984
0.13427
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Va:
4.78 +/-
0.9086 +/-
0.0013 +/-
680.83
1.10 a^/g
0.04 0^2/g
0.0078
0.0008
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 1.0000
0.13427-
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
0.16
Figure B-20. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter AZ49/0486-3-B-UR2
B-21
-------
MICROMERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlONSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/18/87
SAMPLE I.D.: A280/0004 L-A (LL-1)
SflHPLE HEIGHT: 28.6500 g
ML. CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 r»*2
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
flDSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 nnHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 osnHg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
(X) (VOL)
5.000
8.100
14.300
36.85
39.91
44.47
VOL ADSORBED
(or3/g AT STP)
1.29
1.39
1.55
X=P/Po
0.0490
0.0794
0.1461
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
0.04009
0.06194
0.11024
BET aJIFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Va:
5.98 +/- 0.01 B*2/g
0.7229 +/- 0.0015
0.0046 +/- 0.0002
158.48
1.37 ci^/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 1.0000
0.11024-
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
Figure B-21. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A280/0004L-A-LL1
B-22
-------
MICROMERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FloMSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
EPORT DATE: 8/10/87
SAWIE I.D.: A2SO/OOOAL-A (LL-2)
SAMPLE HEI6HT: 25.0000 g
ML. CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 rsfZ
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 amHg
SATURATION PRESSJRE: 775 snHg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
(*) (VOL)
VOL ADSORBED
(co^/g AT STP)
X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
5.000
8.860
12.100
21.AO
22.08
23.21
0.86
0.88
0.33
0.0490
0.0869
0.1187
0.06023
0.10774
0.14502
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Va:
3.57 +/- 0.07 111*2/9
1.2189 +/- 0.0233
0.0009 +/- 0.0021
1358.39
0.82 caA3/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9998
0.14502-
Y=
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
0.13
Figure B-22. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A280/0004L-A-LL2
B-23
-------
MICROMERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/19/87
SAMPLE I.D.: A280/0004L-4 LL-3
SAHPLE WEIGHT: 29.4100 g
MOL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 nsf2
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE
SATURATION PRESSURE
Nitrogen
760 oniHg
775 mnHg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
(*) (VOL)
VOL ADSORBED
(cn^/g AT STP)
X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
5.000
8.860
14.300
26.98
32.40
34.20
0.92
1.10
1.16
0.0490
0.0869
0.1461
0.05620
0.08637
0.14715
BET SURFACE AI£A:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Va:
4.57 +/- 0.30 0*2/g
0.9447 +/- 0.0620
0.0078 +/- 0.0063
122.65
1.05 cii^/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9979
0.14715-
Y=
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
0.16
Figure B-23. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A280/0004L-A-LL3
B-24
-------
NICROHERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FLoaSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/20/07
SAKPLE I.D.: A2BO/OC04L-A (LL-1)
ADSORBATE:
i Nitrogen
SAHPLE WEIGHT: 1.65% g
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE:
i 760 csaHg
ML CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162
SATURATION PRESSURE:
: 775 mHg
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po M/[(1-X)V]
(W (VOL)
(ctf^/g AT STP)
5.000 2.34
1.41
0.0490
0.03657
8.660 2.77
1.67
0.0B69
0.05701
14.900 3.47
2.09
0.1461
0.08164
22.000 3.92
2.36
0.2157
0.11646
BET SURFACE AREA:
8.95 +/-
0.25 tT2/g
SLOPE:
0.4721 +/-
0.0135
INTERCEPT:
0.0142 +/-
0.0019
C:
34.20
Vb:
2.% o»*3/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9992
0.11646-
X
-------
MICROMERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/20/87
SAMPLE I.D.i A280/0004L-B (UR-1)
SAMPLE HEIGHT: 24.5100 g
MGL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 na^
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSDRBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRES9JRE: 760 onHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 raoHg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
(X) (VOL)
VOL ADSORBED
(ctrt/g AT STP)
X=P/Po
Y=X/C(1-X)V]
5.000
8.860
14.900
46.47
51.00
53.33
1.96
2.08
2.18
0.0490
0.0869
0.1461
0.02607
0.04573
0.07864
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Vn:
8.03 +/-
0.5428 +/-
-0.0009 +/-
-617.79
1.85 o"3/g
0.15 0*2/g
0.0098
0.0010
CORRELATION COEFICIENT 0.9998
0.07864-
Y=
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
0.16
Figure B-25. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter AZ80/0004L-B-UR1
B-26
-------
MCROKRITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SUIFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 0/19/87
SAMPLE I.O.: A2B0/0004L-B UR-2
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
SAffLE HEIGHT: 24.7700 g
BAROICTRIC PRESSURE: 760 noHg
ML CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 nrt
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 mrtg
SAMPLE TEWERA1URE: 0.00 C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED
X=P/Po
Y=X/C(1-X)VI
(X) (VOL)
(ar^/g AT STP)
5.000 35.63
1.44
0.0490
0.03584
8.860 40.15
1.62
0.0869
0.05870
14.900 42.63
1.72
0.1461
0.09943
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Va:
6.59 +/-
0.6578 +/-
0.0028 +/-
234.49
1.51 c«rN3/g
0.23 u^g
0.0226
0.0023
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9994
0.09943-
Y=
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
0.16
Figure B-26. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A280/0004L-B-UR2
B-27
-------
MICROOITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FloitSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/11/87
SAMPLE I.D.: A230/0006L-A LL-1
SAWLE HEIGHT: 29.9800 g
ML. CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 w*2
SAPRE TEWERATURE: 0.00 C
AOSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 ratig
SATURATION PRESSURE: 77S mHq
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
(X) (VOU
VOL ADSORBED
{(**3/9 AT STP)
X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
5.000 52.87
8.860 56.66
12.100 58.89
1.76
1.89
1.96
0.0490
0.0869
0.1187
0.02924
0.05035
0.06854
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Vis
7.69 +/-
0.5643 +/-
0.0015 +/-
379.21
1.77 0*3/9
0.06 8*2/9
0.0043
0.0004
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 1.0000
0.06854-
Y=
U-XJV
X=P/Po
0.13
Figure B-27. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A280/0006L-A-LL1
B-28
-------
MICROKERITICS INSTRIKNT C0fS>0RflTI(M
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/5/87
SAMPLE I.D.: A280/0006L-A Li-2
SAMPLE WEIGHT: 27.4400 g
MOL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 raT2
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 oHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 mHg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
(« (VOL)
VOL ADSORBED
(ar*3/g AT STP)
X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
5.000
8.860
12.100
40.25
44.40
49.53
1.47
1.62
1.81
0.0490
0.0869
0.1187
0.03515
0.05881
0.07459
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Vi:
7.55 */-
0.5683 +/-
0.0080 +/-
72.39
1.74 art/g
0.48 r"~2Jq
0.0366
0.0033
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9979
0.07459-
Y=
(l-X)V
I=P/Po
0.13
Figure B-28. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A280/0006L-A-LL2
B-29
-------
MICROMERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlovtSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/10/87
SAPRf I.D.: A280/0006L-A LL-3
SAMPLE HEIGHT: 30.5500 g
SOL. CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 nft
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE
SATURATION PRESSURE
Nitrogen
760 iraiHg
775
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
<%> (VOL)
VOL ADSORBED
(cnr*"3/g AT STP)
X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
5.000
8.860
12.100
48.82
52.77
55.17
1.60
1.73
1.81
0.0490
0.0869
0.1187
0.0X26
0.05509
0.07455
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Vo:
7.14 +/-
0.6072 +/-
0.0024 +/-
249.79
1.64 ctf^/g
0.03 (8*2/g
0.0027
0.0002
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 1.0000
0.07455-
Y=
(l-X)V
Figure B-29. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A280/0006L-A-LL3
B-30
-------
NICROfERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPGRflTIIBi
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/12/87
SfWLE 1.0.: A280/0006L-A LL-1 100 NE5H
SAMPLE HEIGHT: 1.4993 g
KL. CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 ntZ
SAMPLE TEHCRATURE: 0.00 C
flOSORBATE
BAROCTRIC PRESSURE
SATURATION PRESSURE
Nitrogen
760 mHg
775 uHg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED
X=P/Po
Y=x/t(i-x:
(%>
(VOL)
(o^J/g AT STP)
5.000
2.67
1.78
0.0490
0.02896
8.860
2.94
1.96
0.0869
0.04653
12.100
3.23
2.15
0.1187
0.06250
22.000
4.01
2.67
0.2157
0.10287
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Va:
9.74 +/-
0.4379 +/-
0.0092 +/-
48.48
2.24 afVq
0.33 i*2/g
0.0152
0.0020
CORRELATION (^EFFICIENT 0.9988
0.10287-
Y=
<1-X)V
X=P/Po
0.23
Figure B-30. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A280/0006L-A-LL1 (Powder)
B-31
-------
NICROfOITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlmSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
fEPORT DATE: 8/21/07
SAMPLE I.D.: A2B0/0006L-B (UR-U
aWJE KEI6HT: 24.2700 g
KOL. CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 ntZ
S/mi TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 oaaHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 mnHg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
(X) (VOL)
VOL ADSORBED
(cn^/g AT STP)
X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)VJ
5.000
8.860
14.900
27.14
34.31
38.89
1.12
1.41
1.60
0.0490
0.0869
0.1461
0.04611
0.06731
0.10679
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Va:
6.77 +/- 0.30 ta*2/q
0.62B7 +/- 0.0288
0.0143 +/- 0.0029
44.98
1.56 art/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9990
0.10679-
X=P/Po
0.16
Figure B-31. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A280/0006L-B-UR1
B-32
-------
MICROeiTICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlonSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
IMPORT DATE: 8/21/87
SAMPLE I.D.: A280/0006L-B
(UR-2)
ASSORBATE: Nitrogen
SAMPLE UEI6HT: 27.7300 g
BAROMETRIC PRE5SURE: 760 tnHg
M0L CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA:
0.162 nft
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 mHg
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00
C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po
Y=X/C(1X)V3
(*) (VOL)
(oi^/g AT STP)
5.000 54.45
1.%
0.0490
0.02626
8.860 57.86
2.09
0.0869
0.04560
14.900 62.72
2.26
0.1461
0.07566
BET SURFACE AREA:
8.54 +/-
0.02 nr2/g
SLOPE:
0.5087 +/-
0.0012
INTERCEPT:
0.0014 +/-
0.0001
C:
377.78
Vi:
1.96 08*3/9
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 1.0000
0.07566-
X
(l-X)V
0-
0 X=P/Po 0.16
Figure B-32. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A280/0006L-B-UR2
»
*
*
+
B-33
-------
MICROMERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FloMSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
RETORT DATE: 8/17/87
SWPLE 1.0.: A317/0196-A (LL-1)
SAffLE HEIGHT: 19.0300 9
KQL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 niT2
SAMPLE TEMPERATUIE: 0.00 C
ADS0R6ATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSUK: 760 nonHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 moHg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
(*) (VOL)
VOL ADSORBED
(art/g AT STP)
X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
5.000
8.860
12.100
34.84
40.68
44.31
1.83
2.14
2.33
0.0490
0.0869
0.1187
0.02816
0.04451
0.05782
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Va:
10.04 +/-
0.4262 +/-
0.0073 +/-
59.10
2.31 af^/g
0.09 111*2/9
0.0037
0.0003
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 1.0000
0.05782-
Y=
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
0.13
Figure B-33.
Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A317/0196-A-LL1
B-34
-------
MICROHERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/17/07
SfWLE 1.0.: A317/0196-A LL-2
SAMPLE UEIGHT: 17.4200 g
MOL. CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 raft
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 snHg
SATURATION PRESaJRE: 775 mnHg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
(*) (VOL)
VOL ADS1RKD
(cT3/g AT STP)
X=P/Po
Y=X/C(1X)V3
5.000
8.600
12.100
27.85
30.52
32.66
1.60
1.75
1.87
0.0490
0.0843
0.1187
0.03225
0.05257
0.07181
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Va:
7.60 '+/- 0.06 m^g
0.5582 */- 0.0043
0.0045 +/- 0.0004
127.94
1.75 art/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 1.0000
0.07181
Y=
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
0.13
Figure B-34. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A317/0196-A-LL2
B-35
-------
HICROMERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FloMSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
(SPORT DATE: 8/17/8788898
SAMPLE I.D.: A317/0196-A (LL-3)
SAMPLE HEIGHT: 21.0000 g
HQL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 raT2
SAPRE TEHPERATUIE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PIESSURE: 760 raflg
SATURATION PIESSURE: 775 fnmHg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
(*) (VOL)
VOL ADSORBED
(cnj^J/g AT STP)
X=P/Po
Y=X/[ (1X) V]
5.000
8.860
14.900
46.53
49.45
53.75
2.22
2.35
2.56
0.0490
0.0869
0.1461
0.02327
0.04041
0.06686
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Vm:
9.67 +/-
0.4487 +/-
0.0013 +/-
339.51
2.22 0^3/g
0.04 nA2/g
0.0017
0.0002
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 1.0000
BET IEPOHT DATE: 8/17/8788898-
0.06686-1
Y=
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
0.16
Figure B-35. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A317/0196-A-LL3
B-36
-------
HICRQERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 3/19/87
Stmi I.O.: A317/0169-A (LL-1) 100 IGSH
SAMPLE HEIGHT: 1.4337 g
ML CROSS-SECTIONAL AREAi 0.162 nrt
SAMPLE TEWERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 n*1g
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 oaHg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED
X=P/Po
Y=x/t(i-x:
(X)
(VOL)
(oT3/g AT STP)
5.000
3.10
2.16
0.0490
0.02385
8.860
3.45
2.41
0.0869
0.03954
14.900
3.95
2.76
0.1461
0.06211
22.000
4.43
3.09
0.2157
0.08903
BET SURFACE AREA:
11.04 +/-
0.11 a^2/g
SLOPE:
0.3893 +/-
0.0039
INTERCEPT:
0.0052 +/-
0.0005
C:
76.06
Va:
2.53 ar^/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9999
0.08903-
X=P/Po
0.23
Figure B-36. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A317/0196-A-LL1 (Powder)
B-37
-------
WICROMERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SUIffACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/17/87
SWLE 1.0.: A317/0196-B (UR-1)
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
SflffLE WEIGHT: 14.9100 g
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 nsHg
M0L CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 ntZ
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 snHg
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
(*) (VOL)
(csrt/g AT STP)
5.000 38.04
2.55
0.0490
0.02021
8.860 43.80
2.94
0.0869
0.03239
14.900 46.54
3.12
0.1461
0.05482
BET SURFACE AREA:
12.07 +/-
0.52 0*2/g
SLOPE:
0.3585 +/-
0.0154
INTERCEPT:
0.0021 +/-
0.0016
C:
171.14
Va:
2.77 CH^/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9991
0.05462-
X
(l-X)V
0-
0 X=P/Po 0.16
Figure B-37. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A317/0196-B-UR1
*
*
*
+
B-38
-------
MICRQBERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FloNSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/18/87
SAMPLE I.O.: A317/0196B (UR-2)
SfWLE 1CIGHT: 17.4500 g
ML. CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 mT2
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADHRBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 aHq
SATURATION P&SSURE: 775 naHg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
(*) (VOL)
VOL ADSORBED
(ar*3/g AT STP)
X=P/Po
YsX/[(l-X)V]
5.000
8.600
14.900
44.99
48.54
51.82
2.58
2.78
2.97
0.0490
0.0643
0.1461
0.02000
0.03311
0.05762
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Va:
11.18 +/-
0.3886 +/-
0.0007 +/-
548.87
2.57 a^3/g
0.19 s^g
0.0066
0.0007
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9999
0.05762-
(1-XJV
X=P/Po
Figure B-38. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A317/0196-B-UR2
B-39
-------
NICROHERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlouSorb 2300
BET SURFACE A&A ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/13/87
SfiWLE 1.0.: fl317/1115-fflJ_L-l
SAMPLE WEIGHT: 18.7700 g
M0L CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 nT2
SAWLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE
BARORETRIC PRESSURE
SATURATION PRESSURE
Nitrogen
760 mHg
775 nmHg
EXPERIMENTS. DATA
(%) (VOL)
WL ADSORBED
(WNS/g AT STP)
X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)VJ
5.000 49.32
8.860 51.08
12.100 52.35
2.64
2.72
2.79
0.0490
0.0869
0.1187
0.01954
0.03497
0.04827
BET SURFACE AIEA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Vi:
10.57 +/-
0.4125 +/-
-0.0007 +/-
-556.17
2.43 cT3/g
0.08 0*2/g
0.00$
0.0003
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 1.0000
0.04827
(l-K)V
X=P/Po
0.13
Figure B-39. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A317/1115-A-LL1
B-40
-------
MICROHERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlonSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/17/87
SAW>1£ I.D.: A317/1115A (LL-jU
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
SfWLE UEIGHT: 18.7700 o
BAROETRIC PASSURE: 760 trnHg
NOL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 mTZ
SATURATION PRESSJRE: 775 taHg
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
EXPERIHENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
(*) (VOL)
(csT3/g AT STP)
5.000 40.34
2.18
0.0490
0.02364
8.860 42.73
2.28
0.0869
0.04174
14.900 49.75
2.65
0.1461
0.06456
BET SUI7AE AIEA:
10.31 */-
0.62 oT2/g
SLOPE:
0.4183 ~/-
0.0251
INTERCEPT:
0.0040 +/-
0.0025
C:
105.94
Vi;
2.37 c^3/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9982
0.06456-
X
(l-X)V
0-
0 X=P/Po 0.16
Figure B-40. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A317/1115-A-LL2
~
~
»
t-
B-41
-------
NICRDERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FloMSorb 2300
BET SJIFfiCE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/14/87
SAMPLE I.D.: A317/1115-A (LL-3)
SAMPLE WEIGHT: 19.0400 g
HOL. CROSS-SEETIim A!£A: 0.162 no*2
SfifRE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 mtHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 nHg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
(*) (VOL)
VOL ADSORBED
(cm^/g AT STP)
X=P/Po
Y=X/C<1-X)V]
5.000
8.860
12.100
21.25
22.41
23.28
1.12
1.18
1.22
0.0490
0.0869
0.1187
0.04620
0.08084
0.11011
BET SURFACE AI£A:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Vi:
4.74 +/- 0.01 m^g
0.9179 ~/- 0.0013
0.0012 +/- 0.0001
791.64
1.09 ctf\3/g
CORRELATION COEFICIENT 1.0000
0.11011-
X=P/Po
0.13
Figure B-41. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A317/1115-A-LL3
B-42
-------
MICROERITICS IFSTRUMENT COIPIRATICW
FlOMSorb 2200
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/21/87
SAMPLE I.D.: A317/1115-A (11-1)
SAMPLE UEIGHT: 1.6470 g
HOL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162
SflMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBflTE: Nitrogen
BAROffiTRIC PESajf^: 760 mrtg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 raoHg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
(%) (VOL)
VOL ADSORBED
(cn^/g AT STP)
X=P/Po
Y=X/E(1-X)V]
5.000
a. 860
14.900
22.000
5.43
6.26
6.75
2.97
3.30
3.80
4.10
0.0490
0.0869
0.1461
0.2157
0.01737
0.02886
0.04502
0.06712
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Va:
14.56 +/-
0.2962 ~/-
0.0027 +/-
109.37
3.35 ca^J/g
0.32 trt/q
0.0066
0.0009
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9995
0.06712-
Y=
(l-X)V
X=4>/Po
0.23
Figure B-42. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A317/1115-A-LL1 (Powder)
B-43
-------
NICR04ERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE flFEfl ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/14/87
SAMPLE I.O.: A317/1115-B (UR-1)
SAMPLE HEIGHT: 16.8100 g
HQL CROSS-SECTIONflL AREA: 0.162 ntl
SAffLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSJRBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 taoHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 nntig
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
(X) (VOL)
VOL ADSORBED
(art/g AT STP)
X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V3
5.000
8.860
12.100
39.46
42.65
43.25
2.35
2.54
2.57
0.0490
0.0869
0.1187
0.02196
0.03750
0.05233
BET SURFACE AIKA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
V«:
9.99 +/-
0.4353 +/-
0.0003 +/-
1329.14
2.30 0^3/g
0.37 o^g
0.0160
0.0014
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9993
0.05233-
Y=
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
0.13
Figure B-43.
Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A317/1115-B-UR1
B-44
-------
HICRQHERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FloMSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AIEA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: B/14/B7
SAMPLE 1.0.: A317/1115-B (UR-2)
SAMPLE HEIGHT: 18.7400 g
ML. CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 nT2
SAWLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 raHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 smHg
EXPERIKNTAL DATA
(%) (VOL)
W. ADSORBED
(c^/g AT STP)
X=P/Po
Y=X/C(1X)V3
5.000
8.860
12.100
49.83
50.73
54.96
2.66
2.71
2.93
0.0490
0.0869
0.1187
0.01939
0.03515
0.04591
BET SiRFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Vi:
11.37 +/-
0.3820 +/-
0.0011 +/-
357.87
2.61 M*3/g
0.66
0.0222
0.0020
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9983
0.04591-
X=P/Po
0.13
Figure B-44. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A317/1115-B-UR2
B-45
-------
HICROHERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
Flo*Sorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/1/87
SAMPLE 1.0.: A37/0151-A LL-1
SAMPLE WEIGHT: 17.3500 g
ML CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 nfl
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ACERBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 7S0 oanHg
SATURATE PfSSSUfE: 775 nHg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
(W (VOL)
5.000
8.860
14.900
50.77
55.48
60.14
VtL ADSORBED
(c^J/g AT STP)
2.93
3.20
3.47
X=P/Po
0.0490
0.0869
0.1461
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
0.01762
0.02976
0.04937
KT SURFACE flfEA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Vi:
13.24 +/- 0.11 0*2/g
0.3274 +/- 0.0028
0.0015 +/- 0.0003
223.38
3.04 ort/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 1.0000
0.04937-
X=P/Po
0.16
Figure B-45. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A337/0151-A-LL1
B-46
-------
NICRQERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
Flo*Sorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/1/07
SAM>LE I.D.: A337/01S1-A (LL-2)
SAMPLE HEIGHT: 23.3000 g
ML CROSS-SECTIONAL AISA: 0.162 mT2
SAffLE TEWERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BARQCTRIC PISSSUIE: 760 mHq
SATURATION PIESSURE: 775 imHg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po Y=X/CC1-X)V1
<*> (VOL) (cs^/g AT STP)
5.000 46.14 1.98 0.0490 0.02604
8.860 51.72 2.22 0.0869 0.042B7
14.900 57.32 2.46 0.1461 0.06956
BET SJRFACE AREA: 9.62 +/- 0.04 oTZJq
SLOPE: 0.4485 ~/- 0.0017
INTERCEPT: 0.0040 +/- 0.0002
C: 113,38
Vi: 2.21 ci^/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 1.0000
0.06956-
Y=
(t-X)V
0-t ~
0 X^/Po 0.16
Figure B-46. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A337/0151-A-LL2
B-47
-------
HICRQCRITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlmSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/23/87
SAMPLE I.D.: R337-0151-A (LL-3)
SAMPLE WEIGHT: 23.0100 g
ML. CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 m*Z
SA»l£ TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 mHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 ortg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
<*) (VOL)
VOL ADSORBED
-------
MICROMERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FIonSoH) 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/2/67
SflffLE I.O.: A337/0151-A (LL-1) 100 IESH
SAffLE WEIGHT: 1.6758 g
POL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 rart
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 rtg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 irtg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
(*) (VOU
5.000
8.860
14.900
22.000
3.40
3.92
4.43
5.05
VOL ADSORBED
(af^/g AT STP)
2.03
2.34
2.64
3.01
X=P/Po
0.0490
0.0869
0.1461
0.2157
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
0.02541
0.04068
0.06473
0.09129
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Vh:
10.83 +/-
0.3957 +/-
0.0063 +/-
63.98
2.49 ar^/g
0.12 r2/g
0.0044
0.0006
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9999
0.09129-
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
0.23
Figure B-48. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A337/0151-A-LL1 (Powder)
B-49
-------
MICROHERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlONSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA WttLYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/1/07
SAMPLE I.D.: A337/0151-B UJR-1)
ADS0RBATE: Nitrogen
SAMPLE UEI6HT: 21.5900 g
BAROMETRIC PIESSURE: 760 aHq
HQL CROSS-SECTIONS. AREA: 0.162 nt2
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 taflg
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po
Y=X/C(1-X)V]
(X) (VOL)
(ar^/g AT STP)
5.000 50.72
2.35
0.0490
0.02195
8.B60 51.19
2.37
0.0869
0.04013
14.900 54.14
2.51
0.1461
0.06824
BET SURFACE AREA:
9.16 +/-
0.03 0*2/ g
SLOPE:
0.4766 +/-
0.0015
INTERCEPT:
-0.0014 +/-
0.0002
C:
347.42
Vi:
2.10 ci^S/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 1.0000
0.0682V
X
(l-X)V
-------
MICROERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlouSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AKA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/1/87
SAMPLE I.Do: A337/0151-B (UR-2)
SAMPLE UEIGHT: 20.9600 g
MOL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 ntZ
SflffLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
AOSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSUfE: 760 nMg
SATURATION PRESSUIE: 775 ffltig
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po
Y=X/C(1X]
(«) (V0U
(0^3/9 AT STP)
5.000 35.15
1.68
0.0490
0.03075
8.660 37.01
1.77
0.0869
0.05389
14.900 39.64
1.89
0.1461
0.09048
BET SURFACE AREA:
7.07 */-
0.02 oT2/g
SUPE:
0.6155 */-
0.0018
INTERCEPT:
0.0005 +/-
0.0002
C:
1217.54
Vi:
1.62 ar*3/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 1.0000
0.09046-
(l-K)V
X=P/Po
Figure B-50. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A337/0151-B-UR2
B-51
-------
NICROJOITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlottSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AI£A ANflLYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/25/87
SAMPLE I.D.: A279/0002-A (LL-1)
SAMPLE WEIGHT: 13.2000 g
K0L CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162
SAMPLE TEH>ERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROfETRIC PRESSURE: 760 mHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 mHg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
[%) (VOL)
VOL ADSORBED
(cffl"3/g AT STP)
X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
5.000
8.860
14.900
40.57
41.75
47.99
3.07
3.16
3.64
0.0490
0.0869
0.1461
0.01678
0.03008
0.04707
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Vn:
13.95 +/- 0.79 in^/g
0.3098 +/- 0.0175
0.0022 +/- 0.0018
142.74
3.21 01*3/9
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9984
0.04707-
X=P/Po
0.16
Figure B-51. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A279/0002L-A-LL1
B-5Z
-------
MICR0ERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FloaSorb 2200
BET SJRFACE AfEA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/24/87
SA0LE 1.0.: A279/0002L-A LL-2
SflffLE UEIQ-IT: 14.8200 g
ML. CROSS-aCTIQNflL AfEA; 0.162 ntZ
SAWLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSCRBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 mHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 rmHg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
it) (VOL)
VOL ADSORBED
(cnT3/g AT STP)
Xs?/Po
Y=X/C(1-X)V1
5.000
8.860
14.300
57.20
64.50
72.24
3.86
4.35
4.87
0.0490
0.0869
0.1461
0.01336
0.02186
0.03511
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Vh:
IS.23 +/- 0.03 1*2/g
0.2240 +/- 0.0004
0.0024 +/- 0.0000
94.79
4.42 cs*3/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 1,0000
0.03511-
X=P/Po
0.16
Figure B-52. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A279/0002L-A-LL2
B-53
-------
MICROffiRITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlwSorb 2300
BET 9JRFACE Alffi} ANALYSIS
KPORT DATE: 3/24/87
SAMPLE I.D.j A279/0003.-A (LL-3)
SAMPLE WEIGHT: 15.0000 g
AOL. CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 naA2
SflWLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 amHg
SATURATION PFESSURE: 775 raaHg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
<%) (VOL)
VOL ADSORBED
(caf3/g AT STP)
X=P/Po
M/[(1-X)V]
5.000
8.660
14. %0
56.29
60.39
64.77
3.75
4.03
4.32
0.0490
0.0869
0.1461
0.01374
0.02363
0.03363
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Vo:
16.27 +/-
0.2670 +/-
0.0006 +/-
469.66
3.74 ca^J/g
0.14 ra^2/g
0.0023
0.0002
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 1.0000
0.03963-
₯=
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
0.16
Figure B-53. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A279/0002L-A-LL3
B-54
-------
MICROMERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FloitSorb 2300
BET SUJfrfiCE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 0/25/87
SfWLE I.O.: fl279/000a.-fl LL-1
ADS0RBATE:
i Nitrogen
SAfPLE HEIGHT: 1.5596 g
BAROMETRIC PRESSJffii
; 760 raHg
HGL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 ntZ
SATURATION PRESSURE:
: 775 raHg
SfWLE TEMPERATURE:
0.00 C
EXPERIfENTAL DATA
WL ADSORBED X=P/Po Y=X/C(1-X)V3
(»
(VOL)
(cr^/g AT STP)
5.000
5.63
3.61
0.0490
0.01426
8.860
6.15
3.94
0.0869
0.02413
14.900
6.69
4.29
0.1461
0.03989
22.000
7.83
5.02
0.2157
0.05479
BET SURFACE AREA:
17.62 +/-
0.66 n*2/g
SLOPE:
0.2442 */-
0.0092
INTERCEPT:
0.0029 +h
0.0013
C:
85.70
Va:
4.05 cs^/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9986
0.05479-
X
Y=
(l-X)V
0-
0 X=P/Po 0.23
Figure B-54. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A279/Q002L-A-LL1 (Powder)
B-55
*
~
*
»
-------
NICRONERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/24/87
SflUPLE 1.0.: A279/0003.-B (UR-1)
SAMPLE WEIGHT: 12.0300 g
IfflL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 wTZ
SAHPLE TEWERATUfc: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 osnHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 mHg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
<*) (VOL)
WL ADSORBED
-------
NICROKERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/24/87
SAMPLE I.D.: A279/0002L-B
SAHPLE WEIGHT: 12.3800 g
KQL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 rau*2
SAHPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PfESSURE: 760 nnHg
SATURATION PRESSUffc: 775 rai^g
EXPERIICNTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)
[*>
(VOL)
(car3/g AT STP)
5.000
16.11
£.30
0.0490
0.03962
8.860
17.48
1.41
0.0869
0.06739
14.900
20.89
1.69
0.1461
0.10141
BET SURFACE
AREA:
6.79 +/-
0.46 ii^2/g
SLOPE:
0.6310 +/-
0.0430
INTERCEPT:
0.0102 +/-
0.0044
C:
63.12
Va:
1.56 01*3/3
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9977
0.10141-
(l-X)V
Figure B-56. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A279/0002L-B-UR2
B-57
-------
MICROCfilTICS INSTRUMENT COfVORflTION
FlGMSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/27/87
SAMPLE I.D.: A279/0003L-A
(LL-1)
ADS0RBATE: Nitrogen
SAWLE HEIGHT: 12.1300 g
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 nHg
ML CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA:
0.162
SATURATION PRESSIM: 775 aoHg
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00
C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
(*> (VOL)
(ca^/g AT STP)
5.000 31.91
2.63
0.0490
0.01960
8.860 33.77
2.78
0.0869
0.03418
14.900 35.77
2.95
0.1461
0.05803
BET SURFACE AREA:
o
£
1
0.13 s^g
SLOPE:
0.3964 +/-
0.0047
INTERCEPT:
0.0000 +/-
0.0005
C:
9999.99
Vi:
2.52 crt/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9999
0.05803-
X
Y=
(l-X)V
0
0 X=P/Po 0.16
Figure B-57. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A279/0003L-A-LL1
B-58
-------
NICR0JER1TICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlonSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/27/87
SAWLE I.O.: A279/0003L-A (LL-2)
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
SANPUE WEIGHT: 14.8500 g
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 orfg
N0L CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 mT2
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 o«g
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED
X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
<*) (VOL)
(art/g AT STP)
5.000 57.35
3.86
0.0490
0.01335
9.860 61.86
4.17
0.0869
0.02284
14.900 66.01
4.45
0.1461
0.03850
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Vr:
16.74 +/-
0.2535 +/-
0.0005 +/-
516.50
3.85 0^3/g
0.24 s*2/g
0.0037
0.0004
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9999
0.03850-
X=P/Po
Figure B-58. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A279/0003L-A-LL.2
B-59
-------
HICROOITICS INSmJKNT CORPORflTICW
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/11/87
SAMPLE 1.0.: A279/0003L-A
LL-3
AOSORBATE: Nitrogen
SffVLE HEIGHT: 13.0300 g
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 aoHg
HDL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA:
0.162 r*2
SATURATION PRESSURE: 773 nrtg
SAMPLE TEWERATURE: 0.00
C
EXPERIIENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
I*) (voj
(cT3/g AT STP)
5.000 37.72
2.89
0.0490
0.01781
3.860 41.45
3.18
0.0869
0.02991
12.100 43.80
3.36
0.1187
0.04005
BET SURFACE AREA:
13.54 +/-
0.01 n^g
SLOPE:
0.3194 +/-
0.0002
INIblWI:
0.0022 +/-
0.0000
C:
149.32
Vi:
3.11
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 1.0000
0.04005-
X
Y=
(l-X)V
0-
0 X=P/Po 0.13
Figure B-59. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A279/0003L-A-LL3
B-60
*
«
»
-------
NICROGITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/31/07
SAMPLE I.D.: A279/0003L-A (LL-1) 100 ICS)
SAMPLE HEIGHT: 1.5394 g
N0L CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 w*2
SfifffLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 rtg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 trtg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED
X=P/Po
M/[(l-X;
(%)
(VOL)
{or»3/g AT STP)
5.000
4.26
2.77
0.0490
0.01863
8.860
4.73
3.07
0.0869
0.03097
14.900
5.29
3.44
0.1461
0.04980
22.000
6.01
3.90
0.2157
0.07046
BET SURFACE AREA:
13.83 +/- 0.21 tt2/g
SLOPE:
0.3109 +/- 0.0046
INTERCEPT:
0.0038 +/- 0.0006
C:
83.35
Va:
3.18 ort/g
CORRECTION COEFFICIENT 0.9998
0.07046-
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
0.23
Figure B-60. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A279/0003L-A-LL1 (Powder)
B-61
-------
MCKBCRITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FIchSoH) 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 0/28/87
SAMPLE I.D.: A279/0003L-B (UR-1)
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
SAffLE HEIGHT: 13.1700 g
BAROCTRIC PRESSURE: 760 nHg
M0L CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 nT2
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 «Hg
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
EXPERIPENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po
Y=*/CU-X)V3
(t) tva)
(ar*3/g AT STP)
5.000 28.06
2.13
0.0490
0.02420
8.860 29.71
2.26
0.0869
0.04218
14.900 32.97
2. SO
0.1461
0.06835
BET SURFACE AREA:
9.55 +/-
0.19 n*2/g
SLOPE:
0.4537 +/-
0.0089
INTERCEPT:
0.0023 +/-
0.0009
C:
201.62
Va:
2.19 cT3/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9998
0.06835-
l
(l-X)V
0 X=*>/Po 0.16
Figure B-61. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A279/0003L-B-UR1
4
*
*
B-6Z
-------
KICROHERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE.- fl/25/87
SAMPLE I.D.: A279/0003L-B (UR-2)
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
SAKPLE WEIGHT: 12.3400 g
8AR0NETRIC PRESSURE: 760 nHg
ffiL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 m*2
SATURATION PJESSUK: 775 mHg
SAW! TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
EXPERI1CNTAL DATA VOL ADSORBS
X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X>V]
(*) (VOL) ((3*3/9 «T STP)
5.000 21.65 1.73
0.0490
0.029S6
8.860 22.95 1.03
0.0869
0.05199
14.900 24.41 1.95
0.1461
0.08791
BET SURFACE
3i3P£:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Vb:
7.27 +/-
0.5986 +/-
0.0003 +/-
1924.70
1.67 c**3/g
0.07 n*2/g
0.0059
0.0006
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 1.0000
0.06791
Y=
!1-X)V
*=4>/Po
Figure B-62. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A279/0003L-B-UR2
B-63
-------
MICRQCRITICS INSTRUCNT CORPORATION
FlotfSorb 2300
GET SUffftCE AREA ANALYSIS
RETORT DATE: 3/20/87
SAMPLE I.O.: A279/0004L-A
LL-1
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
SAMPLE HEIGHT; 12.0600 g
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 nHg
H0L CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA:
0.162 ntl
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 mHg
SfWLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00
C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po
Y=X/t(l-X)VJ
W (VOL)
(c^3/g AT STP)
5.000 28.02
2.32
0.0490
0.02219
B. 860 29.68
2.46
0.0669
0.03866
14.900 33.10
2.74
0.1461
0.06235
BET SURFACE AREA:
10.50 +/-
0.24 aTZlq
SLOPE:
0.4124 +/-
0.0096
INTERCEPT:
0.0023 +/-
0.0010
C:
160.53
Vi:
2.41 a^/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9997
0.06235-
X
(l-X)V
0-
0 X=P/Po 0.16
Figure B-63. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A279/0004L-A-LL1
>
<
*
B-64
-------
MCRQeiTICS INSTRUffiNT CORPORATION
FloMSorb 2300
8£T SUIfrfiCE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/20/87
Stmi I.D.: A279/0004L-A
LL-2
ADS0RBATE: Nitrogen
SAJPLE HEIGHTi 18.3900 g
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 mHg
POL CROSS-SECTItWAL AREA:
0.162 nti
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 mHg
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00
C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po
V=X/[(1-X)V]
it) (VQU
-------
flCROMERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
Piovfiorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/11/87
SAMPLE I.D.: A279/0004L-A (LL-3)
SAMPLE HEIGHT: 10.7000 g
MOL. CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 rw*2
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: O.OO C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 ramHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 ooHg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po Y=K/C(1-0V]
(*) (VOU (cmA3/g AT STP)
5.000 2.11 2.07 0.0490 0.02*95
8.860 23.95 2.24 0.0869 0.04251
12.100 24.34 2.27 0.1187 0.05919
BET SURFACE AREA: 8.86 */- 0.32 i,i"2/g
SLOPE: 0.4908 +/- 0.0174
INTERCEPT: 0.0006 +/- 0.0016
C: 865.26
Vn: 2.04 cfl*3/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9994
X=P/Po
0.13
Figure B-65. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A279/0004L-A-LL3
B-66
-------
HICRQKERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FloNSorta 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/24/87
SAMPLE 1.0.: A279/0004L-A (LL-1)
ADS3RBATE
: Nitrogen
SAMPLE (EIGHT: 1.5278 g
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE
: 760 mHg
MOL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 *2
SATURATION PRESSURE
: 775 mHg
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE:
0.00 C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po Y=X/M-X)V]
(»
(VflJ
<01^3/9 AT STP)
5.000
5.24
3.43
0.0490
0.01503
8.860
5.74
3.76
0.0869
0.02533
14.900
6.78
4.44
0.1461
0.03856
22.000
7.34
4.80
0.2157
0.05726
BET SURFACE AREA:
17.20 +/-
0.46 a*2/g
SLOPE:
0.2502 +/-
0.0067
INTERCEPT:
0.0029 +/-
0.0009
C:
86.91
Va:
3.95 0*3/9
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9993
0.05726-
X
(l-X)V
0
0 X=P/Po 0.23
Figure B-66. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A279/0004L-A-LL1 (Powder)
f
*
*
»
B-67
-------
HICROtCRITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FloMSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/20/87
SAMPLE 1.1}.: A279/0004L-B
UR-1
AOSORBATE: Nitrogen
SAMPLE WEIGHT: 12.5000 g
BARtDCTRIC PRESSUE: 760 wHg
HDL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA:
0.162 mrt
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 mHg
SAWLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
EJPERIKNTAL DATA
VOL ADS0RBE1
D X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
(M (VOL)
(ca^/g AT STP)
5.000 11.36
0.91
0.0490
0.05673
8.860 12.62
1.01
0.0869
0.09425
14.900 14.01
1.12
0.1461
0.15268
BET ajRFACE AREA:
4.37 */-
0.00 a*Z/q
SLOPE:
0.9881 +/-
0.0010
INTERCEPT:
0.0083 +/-
0.0001
C:
119.63
V>:
1.00 c«*3/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 1.0000
0.15268-
X
(l-X)V
0-
0 X=P/Po 0.16
Figure B-67. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A279/0004L-B-UR1
»
«
*
+
B-68
-------
MICR0ER1TICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FloMSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/2/07
SAWLE I.D.: A279/004L-B (UR-2)
SAMPLE MEIGHT: 13,5300 g
MOL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 nti
SAWLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BflROKTRIC PRESSURE: 760 aHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 mtfg
EXPERIICNTAL DATA
(X) (VOL)
VOL ADSORBED
(01*3/9 AT STP)
X=P/Po
Y=X/[(I-X)V]
5.000
8.860
14.900
16.88
18.21
19.33
1.24
1.34
1.42
0.0490
0.0869
0.1461
0.04148
0.07096
0.12009
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Vi:
5.36 +/-
0.8115 +/-
0.0012 +/-
664.81
1.23 oTC/g
0.09 nT2/g
0.0137
0.0014
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9999
0.12009-
Figure B-68. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A279/0004L-B-UR2
B-69
-------
MICRDHERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FloaSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/8/07
Sfmi I.D.: A3I6/046Q-1 LL-1
SAMPLE HEIGHT: 15.2000 g
ML. CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 rstZ
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBflTE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 nsHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 773 mmHg
EXPERIMENTS. DATA
(X) (VOU
VOL ADSORBED
(cr3/g AT STP)
X=P/Po
Y=X/C(1-X)V]
5.000
8.860
14.900
43.40
45.87
47.99
2.86
3.02
3.16
0.0490
0.0869
0.1461
0.01806
0.03153
0.05420
BET SURFACE AREA:
3JPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Vn:
11.68 +/-
0.3732 +/-
-0.0005 +/-
-764.01
2.66 ca^/g
0.23 tf^/g
0.0072
0.0007
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9998
0.05420-
Y=
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
0.16
Figure B-69. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A316/0460-1-LL1
B-70
-------
NICRO0ITICS INSTRIMNT CORPORflTION
FIoMSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/10/87
SAMPLE 1.0.: A316/046Q-1 i
:a-2)
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
SAMPLE HEIGHT: 16,6000 g
BAHJCTRIC PRESSURE: 760 oHg
N0L CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA:
0.162 nn"2
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 ortq
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
EXPERIICNTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED K=P/Po
Y=X/C(1-X)V1
m (VOL)
la*3/g AT STP)
5.000 44,36
2.67
0.0490
0.01929
8.360 47.66
2.87
0.0869
0.03314
14.900 52.18
3.14
0.1461
0.05444
BET SURFACE AREA:
11.96 +/-
0.06 o*2/g
SLOPE:
0.3619 +/-
0.0018
INTERCEPT:
0.0016 +/-
0.0002
C:
226.73
Vb:
2.75 0^3/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 1.0000
0.05444-
X=P/Po
Figure B-70. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A316/0460-1-LL2
B-71
-------
HICROMERITICS INSTRUffiNT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SUffACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/11/07
SAMPLE I.D.: A316/0460-1 (LL-3)
9m£ HEIGHT: 11.7000 g
HOL CROSS-SCTIfflttL AREA: 0.162 ntl
SRffLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROCTRIC PRESSURE: 760 «Hg
SATURATION PfESSJRE: 775 nsHg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
<» (VOL)
VOL ADSORBED
(cT3/g AT STP)
X=P/Po
Y=X/C(1-X>V1
5.000
8.860
14.900
19.71
22.01
24.97
1.68
1.88
2.13
0.0490
0.0869
0.1461
0.03061
0.05058
0.08018
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
V*:
8.44 +/-
0.5097 +/-
0.0059 +/-
87.75
1.94 ar\3/g
0.12 a~Z/q
0.0076
0.0008
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9999
0.08018-
X=P/Po
0.16
Figure B-71. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A316/0460-1-LL3
B-72
-------
HICROtCRITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/15/07
SAHPLE I.D.: A316/0460-1 (LL-1)
ADSORBflTE: Nitrogen
SAIPLE HEIGHT: 1.6490 g
BAROMETRIC PRESSUIfc: 760 nsHg
ML. CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 rw"2
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 nHg
SAHPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)W
(» (VOL)
(c**3/g AT STP)
5.000 5.21
3.16
0.0490
0.01632
8.8S0 6.00
3.64
0.0669
0.02615
14.900 6.91
4.19
0.1461
0.04084
22.000 7.43
4.51
0.2157
0.06105
BET SURFACE AREA:
16.13 +/-
0.42 B*2/g
SLOPE:
0.2670 +/-
0.0070
INTEREPT:
0.0029 +/-
0.0010
C:
94,30
Vat
3.71 orNS/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT
0.9993
0.06105-
X
(1-X1V
0-
0 K=P/Po 0.23
Figure B-72. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A316/0460-1-LL1 (Powder)
B-73
-------
NICFDERITICS INSTRUCNT CORPORATION
FlonSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/10/07
SAIPLE I.D.; A316/0460-S (LL-l)
SAKPLE WEISfT: 16.0000 g
HOL CRIBS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 **2
SfWLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 aHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 nHg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
(%) (VOL)
VOL ADSORBED
(c**3/g AT STP)
I=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
5.000
3.660
14.900
36.63
38.95
46.07
2.29
2.43
2.68
0.0490
0.0869
0.1461
0.02252
0.03909
0.05943
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Va:
11.40 +/-
0.3769 +/-
0.0049 +/-
77.76
2.62 art/g
0.76 8*2/9
0.0255
0.0026
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9977
0.05343-
Y=
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
0.16
Figure B-73. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A316/046O-Z-LLl
B-74
-------
HCROCSITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlonSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AfEA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/11/87
SfWLE I.D.: A316/0460-2 (LL-2)
A0S0RBATE: Nitrogen
SAXPLE HEIGHT: 14.6000 g
BAR0HETRIC PRESSURE: 760 esHg
WDL CMJSS-SniQMAL AREA: 0.162 ntt
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 mHg
ami TEHPERAHJRE: 0.00 C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
V(L ADSORBED X=P/Po
Y=X/t(l-X)V]
«) (VOJ
(«*3/g AT STP)
5.000 35.33
2.42
0.0490
0.02131
8.860 38.99
2.57
0.0869
0.03563
14.900 44.42
3.04
0.1461
0.05624
BET 3JRFAE AREA:
12.00 +/-
0.27 afflq
SLOPE:
0.3588 ~/-
0.0082
INTERCEPT:
0.0040 +/-
0.0008
C:
90.83
Va:
2.76 0*3/9
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9997
0.05624-
X
(l-X)V
0-
0 X=P/Po 0.16
Figure B-74. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A316/0460-2-LL2
*
»
4
B-75
-------
MCRBCRITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlcwSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE; 9/11/87
SAfPLE I.D.j A316/0460-2 LL-3
SAHPLE HEIGHT: 14.9000 g
HQL CROSS-SECTICKAL AREA: 0.162 rw*2
SAWLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PfESSURE: 760 maHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 ntig
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
<*) (VOJ
VOL ADSORBED
(ort/g AT STP)
X-P/Po
Y=X/[(l-)t)V]
5.000
6.660
14.900
35.40
39.87
43.08
2.38
2.68
2.89
0.0490
0.0869
0.1461
0.02170
0.03556
0.05918
BET SURFACE AREA:
SUPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Vb:
11.17 +/-
0.3872 +/-
0.0024 +/-
161.45
2.57 a^S/g
0.26 *21 g
0.0089
0.0009
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9997
0.05918-
Y=
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
0.16
Figure B-75. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A316/0460-2-LL3
B-76
-------
HICROOITICS IMSTRUHEHT CORPORfiTIQH
FlowScrb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/15/67
SAMPLE I.D.: A316/0460-2 (LL-I)
ABSORBATE:
: Nitrogen
SAWLE WEIGHT: 1.7100 g
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE:
: 760 mHg
M0L CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 rstt
SATURATION PRESSUI&
: 775 mHg
SAWLE TEJPERATURE:
0.00 c
EXPERNENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po Y=X/[(1-X)V]
(*)
(VOL)
<01*3/9 AT STP)
5.000
3.98
2.32
0.0490
0.02226
8.860
4.%
2.67
0.0669
0.03566
14.900
5.00
2.92
0.1461
0.05852
22.000
5.78
3.38
0.2157
0.08138
GET SUifrftCE
AREA:
12. oe +/-
0.29 «T2/g
SLOPE:
0.3571 +/-
0.0087
INTERCEPT:
0.0050 +/-
0.0012
Ci
72.14
Vb:
2.76 ar*3/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9994
0.00136-
X
CHCJV
0-
0 X=P/Po 0.23
Figure B-76. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A316/0460-2-LL1 (Powder)
*
*
»
»
+
B-77
-------
NICRONERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlcwSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/9/87
SAWLE I.D.: A316/0460-3 LL-1
SAMPLE HEIGHT: 19.4000 g
MOL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 rttt.
SA»L£ TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 adg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 oaHg
EXPERIKNTAL DATA
(*) (VOL)
VOL ADSORBED
(or*3/g AT STP)
X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
5.000
a. 860
14.900
10.97
11.89
12.80
0.57
0.61
0.66
0.0490
0.0869
0.1461
0.09118
0.15525
0.25935
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Vn:
2.50 +/- 0.03 «T2/g
1.7344 +/- 0.0176
0.0055 +/- 0.0018
314.16
0.57 cnf^/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9999
0.25935-
Y=
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
0.16
Figure B-77. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A316/0460-3-LL1
B-78
-------
NICROMERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlONSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/10/87
SA»L£ I.D.: A316/0460-3 LL-2
SAMPLE WEIGHT: 15.6000 g
HGL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 ntZ
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 eoHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 ootig
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
(» (VOL)
VOL ADSORBED
(cs"3/g AT STP)
X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
5.000
8.860
14.900
16.56
18.29
19.71
1.06
1.17
1.26
0.0490
0.0869
0.1461
0.04657
0.08116
0.13544
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Vi:
4.83 ~/-
0.8%7 +/-
0.0041 +/-
220.07
1.11 0*3/9
0.08 artJq
0.0150
0.0015
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9999
0.13544-
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
0.16
Figure B-78. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A316/0460-3-LL2
B-79
-------
HICROMERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlonSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/11/87
STOLE I.D.: A316/0460-3 (LL-3)
SAMPLE WEIGHT: 17.0000 g
MOL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 naA2
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSGRBATE: Nitrogen
BAROtCTRIC PRESSURE: 760 nHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 nnHg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
(« (VOL)
VOL ADSORBED
(oT3/g AT STP)
X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
5.000
a. 860
14.900
10.37
11.06
11.60
0.61
0.65
0.68
0.0490
0.0869
0.1461
0.08453
0.14626
0.25078
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Vs:
2.54 +/-
1.7171 +/-
-0.0009 +/-
-1898.57
0.5B or^/g
0.05 11*2/g
0.0362
0.0037
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9998
0.2507B-
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
0.16
Figure B-79. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A316/0460-3-LL3
B-80
-------
H1CRQBUTICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/15/87
SAMPLE 1.0.: A316/0460-3 (LL-1)
ADSORBflTEi
: Nitrogen
SfWLE UEI6HT: 1.3272 q
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE;
i 760 utig
ML CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 nt2
SATURATION PRESSURE:
: 775 maHg
SfWL£ TEWERATURE: 0.00 C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VO. ADSORBED X=P/Po Y=X/[(1-X)V]
(%) (V0U
(CBT3/g AT STP)
5.000 1.05
0.79
0.0490
0.06517
8.860 1.12
0.84
0.0869
0.11276
14.900 1.28
0.%
0.1461
0.17743
22.000 1.56
l.lfi
0.2157
0.23404
BET SURFACE AREA:
4.22 */-
0.28 «*2/g
SLOPE:
1.0101 +/-
0.0675
INTERCEPT:
0.0217 +/-
0.0094
C:
47.65
Vl!
0.97 cs*3/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9956
0.23404-
X
(l-X)V
0-
0 X=P/Po 0.23
Figure B-80. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A316/0460-3-LL1 (Powder)
B-81
-------
MICROMERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlottSorb 2200
GET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/20/87
SAMPLE I.D.: A316/0665-1 LL-1
SAMPLE HEIGHT: 14.0000 g
WL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 m*2
SAffLE TEWERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 artg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 «Hg
EXPERIKNTAL DATA
(%) (VOL)
VOL ADSORBED
lof3/g AT STP)
X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-XJV]
5.000
8.660
14.900
15.61
17.68
18.37
1.12
1.26
1.31
0.0490
0.0851
0.1461
0.04624
0.07367
0.13041
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Vi:
4.97 +/-
0.8736 +/-
0.0018 +/-
479.36
1.14 art/g
0.26 a*2/g
0.0449
0.0046
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9987
0.13041
X=P/Po
0.16
Figure B-81. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A316/0665-1-LL1
B-82
-------
MICROERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: fl/28/87
SflffLE I.D.: A316/0665-1 (LL-2)
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
SAMPLE WEIGHT: 13.6000 g
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 oHg
NOL CROSS-5EUTIONPL AREA: 0.
162 i*n
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 nHg
SfWLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
EXPERIKENTflL DATA
VOL ADSORBS
J K=P/P0
Y=X/C(1-»V]
(*) (VOL)
(c»*3/g AT STP)
5.000 22.26
1.64
0.0490
0.03150
8.860 23.55
1.73
0.0869
0.05495
14.900 26.11
1.92
0.1461
0.08913
BET SURFACE AREA:
7.32 +/-
0.14 r2/g
SLOPE:
0.3922 +/-
0.0115
INTERCEPT:
0.0029 +/-
0.0012
C:
208.16
Vii
1.68 (*NJ/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9998
0.08913-
X
(1-X)V
0-
0 X=P/Po 0.16
Figure B-82. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A316/0665-1-LL2
B-83
-------
MCROJCRITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FloNSorfa 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 0/28/87
SfWE I.D.: A316/0665-1 LL-3
SAMPLE UEIGHT: 14.5000 g
HDL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 mT2
SWPLE TEJPERATIJRE: 0.00 C
ADSORBflTE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 ntig
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 MHg
EXPERIttNTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)
(« (VOL)
(art/g AT STP)
5.000 27.67
1.91
0.0490
0.02702
8.860 29.67
2.05
0.0869
0.04650
14.900 32.75
2.26
0.1461
0.07576
BET SURFACE AREA:
8.64 */-
0.10 itZJq
SLOPE:
0.5014 +/-
0.0056
INTERCEPT:
0.0026 +/-
0.0006
C:
191.82
Vb:
1.98 art/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9999
0.07576-
Y=
(1X)V
X=P/Po
0.16
Figure B-83. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A316/0665-1-LL3
B-84
-------
HICR0MERIT1CS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FIomSoHi 2200
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/31/B7
SW>LE I.E.: A316/0665-1 (LL-1)
100 KESH
ADSORBATE:
; Nitrogen
SfflPLE HEIGHT: 1.4353 a
BAR0JCTRIC PRESSURE:
; 760 Brig
HCL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 raTZ
SATURATION PRESSURE:
; 775 nHg
SAffLE TEWOflTURE: 0.00 C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
V(L ADSORBED X=P/Po Y=X/[(H()V]
{%) (VOL)
(o^/g AT STP)
5.000 1.69
1. IB
0.0490
0.04379
8.860 1.94
1.35
0.0869
0.07040
14.900 2.34
1.63
0.1461
0.10496
22.000 2.67
1.86
0.2157
0.14788
BET SURFACE AREA:
6.86 +/-
0.14 oT2/g
SLOPE:
0.6181 +/-
0.0131
INTERCEPT:
0.0148 +/-
0.0018
C:
42.66
Vb:
1.58 ort/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.99%
0.14788-
X
Y=
(l-X)V
0-
0 X=P/Po 0.23
Figure B-84. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A316/0665-1-LL1 (Powder)
B-85
-------
HICRtSeiTICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
(SPORT DATE: 8/31/87
SAMPLE I.D.: A316/0665-2 (LL-1)
SAMPLE HEIGHT: 15.9000 g
MOL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 mT2
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSUiE: 760 atig
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 aHg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
(tt (VOJ
VOL ADSORBED
(ar^/g AT STP)
X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V1
5.000 23.75
8.660 25.65
14.900 28.23
1.49
1.61
1.78
0,0490
0.0869
0.1461
0.03452
0.05898
0.09638
BET SURFACE Atefl: 6.80 */- 0.04 tT2Jg
SLOPE: 0.6367 +/- 0.0040
INTERCEPT: 0.0034 ~/- 0.0004
C: 186.16
Vi: 1.56 aTS/g
CORRELflTICM COEFFICIENT 1.0000
0.09638-1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
*
* I
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
X
(l-X)V
OH ~
0 X=P/Po 0.16
Figure B-85. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A316-066 5-2-LL1
B-86
-------
WCSONERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FIomSoHi 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/31/87
SAWLE I.D.: A316/0665-2 (LL-2)
SAMHJE HEIGHT: 13.7000 g
NOL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 raT2
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
AOSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 otfg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 aHg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
<« (VOL)
5.000
8.860
14.900
21.09
2161
24.15
VOL ADSORBED
(cn^/g AT STP)
1.54
1.72
1.76
M/Po
0.0490
0.0869
0.1461
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
0.03349
0.05521
0.09707
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Va:
6.60 */-
0.6395 */-
-0.0001 +/-
-9327.91
1.52 art/g
0.36 n^g
0.0359
0.0037
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9985
0.09707-
Y=
(l-X)V
lt=P/Po
Figure B-86. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A316/0665-2-LL2
B-87
-------
NICRCHERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
fEPORT DATE: 0/31/07
SAWLE I.O.: 0316/0665-2 (LL-3)
SAMPLE WEIGHT; 17.4500 g
ML CR0SS-5ECTIWAL AREA: 0.162 raT2
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
AD9JRBATE: Nitrogen
BARdETRIC PRESSURE: 760 mHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 snHg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED
X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)VJ
(%) (VOL).
(ctf"3/g AT STP)
5.000 29.76
1.71
0.0490
0.03023
0.860 31.51
1.01
0.0069
0.05269
14.900 34.47
1.90
0.1461
0.00663
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Va:
7.40 +/-
0.5802 +/-
0.0020 +/-
234.74
1.72 cB*3/g
0.07 n*2/g
0.0056
0.0006
CORRELATION INEFFICIENT 1.0000
0.08663'
X=P/Po
0.16
Figure B-87. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A316/0665-2-LL3
B-88
-------
HICRQHERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlmSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/2/87
SWLE I.O.: A316/0665-2 (LL-1) 100
SAMPLE WEIGHT: 1.8037 g
ML CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 w*2
SflWLE TEVERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BflROHETRIC PESSURE: 760 tnHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 mtig
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
(<> (VOL)
VOL ADSORBED
(ca*3/g AT STP1
X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)VJ
5.000
8.860
14.900
22.000
2.35
3.22
3.62
4.19
1.64
1.79
2.01
2.32
0.0490
0.0869
0.1461
0.2157
0.03153
0.05330
0.08526
0.11842
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Va:
8.24 +/-
0.5207 ~/-
0.0073 +/-
72.01
1.89 ca*3/g
0.24 aTZJq
0.0151
0.0021
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9992
0.11842-
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
0.23
Figure B-88. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A316/0665-2-LL1 (Powder)
B-89
-------
MICHMERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlcwSorb 2300
BET SURFRCC AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 0/31/87
SfWLE I.D.: A316/0665-3 ILL-1)
ADS0RBATE: Nitrogen
SAKHJE HEIGHT: 20.2000 g
BAROHETRIC PRESSURE: 760 urig
MIL CROSS-SECTIONAL AfEA: 0.162 r**2
SATURATION PRESSJRE: 775 nrtg
S(mi TEWERATURE: 0.00 C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
(*) (VOL)
(taT3/g AT STP)
5.000 40.72
2.02
0.0490
0.02558
8.860 42.31
2.09
0.0869
0.04543
14.300 47.20
2.34
0.1461
0.07323
BET SURFACE AJEA:
8.86 +/-
0.27 nT27g
SLOPE:
0.4890 +/-
0.0149
INTERCEPT:
0.0021 +/-
0.0015
C:
232.74
V«:
2.04 cT3/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT-0.9995
0.07323-
X
(l-X)V
0-
0 X=P/Po 0.16
Figure B-89. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A316/0665-3-LL1
B-90
i
*
*
-------
HICRQOITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORflTIQI
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/1/87
SAWLE I.D.: A316/0665-3 (LJ.-2)
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
SAMPLE HEIGHT: 21.0000 a
BAROMETRIC PfESSUiE: 760 aHg
ML. CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 ntTZ
SATURATION PRESSUIE: 775 nHg
SAWLE TDPERATURE:
0.00 C
EXPERUENTfiL DATA
VOL ADSORBED
X=P/Po
Y=X/ta-X)V3
(X)
(VOL)
(0*3/9 &T STP)
5.000
48.03
2.29
0.0490
0.02254
8.860
53.93
2.57
0.0869
0.03705
14.900
57.80
2.75
0.1461
0.06217
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
V«:
10.57 +/- 0.29 aT2/g
0.4096 ~/- 0.0110
0.0021 +/- 0.0011
197.59
2.43 c^3/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.99%
0.06217-
Y=
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
Figure B-90. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A316/0665-3-LL2
B-91
-------
HICROHERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
GET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/1/87
STOLE I.D.: 6316/0665-3 (LL-3)
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
SAMPLE WEIGHT: 16.8000 g
BAROMETRIC PRESSJRE: 760 nHg
M0L CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 w*2
SATURATION PKSSUfE: 775 nsHg
SAWLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
EXPERIICNTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
(H (VOL)
(aT3/g AT STP)
5.000 32.19
1.92
0.0490
0.02691
8.860 33.20
2.10
0.0869
0.04541
14.900 37.45
2.23
0.1461
0.07676
BET SURFACE AREA:
8.43 +/-
0.18 nT2/g
SLOPE:
0.5149 +/-
0.0109
INTERCEPT:
0.0013 +/-
0.0011
C:
400.63
Vk:
1.94 aT3/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9998
0.07676-
X
ll-HV
0-
0 X=P/Po 0.16
Figure B-91. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A316/0665-3-LL3
*
f
«
+
B-92
-------
HICRQHER1TICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlwSorb 2300
bet st/ffflCE area analysis
REPORT DATE: 9/2/87
SAfPLE I.O.: A316/0665-3 (LL-I)
100
AOSOREATEi
: Nitrogen
SAMPLE WEIGHT: 1.4843 g
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE:
i 760 ebMj
ML. CRQSS-SECTIONfiL MEO: 0.162 u*2
SATURATION PRESSURE:
: 775 «ttg
SIMPLE TEMPEPflTlIRE:
0.00 C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Pc Y=X/t(l-X)V]
(»
(VOL)
-------
HICRDERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE Rffl ANflLYSIS
RETORT DATE: 9/9/87
SfWLE I.D.: A338/01241 LL-i
SAMPLE HEIGHT: 14.1000 g
ML. CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 no*2
SfifPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBflTE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC FISSURE: 780 mHq
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 mHg
EXPERIICNTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po
Y=X/C(1-XJ
(*>
-------
HICROCRITICS INSTRUffiNT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/8/87
SAMPLE I.D.: A338/0124-1 LL-2
AOSORBATE: Nitrogen
SAMPLE WEIGHT: 13.3000 g
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 orig
N0L CROSS-SECTIONflL AREA: 0.162 rwTZ
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 mHg
SAWLE TEffERATURE: 0.00 C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VQ. ADSORBED X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
(*> (VOL)
(oT\J/g AT STP)
3.000 34.64
2.60
0.0490
0.01980
8.660 39.15
2.94
0.0869
0.03233
14.900 41.88
3.15
0.1461
0.05434
BET SURFACE AREA:
12.12 +/-
0.37 9*2/5
SLOPE:
0.3572 +/-
0.0110
INTERCEPT:
0.0019 +/-
0.0011
C:
188.66
Va:
2.7B art/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9995
0.05434-
X
(l-X)V
0-
0 X=P/Po 0.16
Figure B-94. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A338/0124-1-LL2
B-95
-------
XICRQOITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FloNSorb 2300
BET SURFRCE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/8/87
SfWL£ I.D.; A3380124-1 LL-3
SflHPLE SIGHT: 12-7000 g
NOL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 raTZ
SAfPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROKETRIC PRESSURE: 760 tnHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 a^g
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
(*) (VOL)
VOL ADSORBED
(ca^/g AT STP)
X=P/Po
Y=X/[<1X)V3
5.000
8.860
14.900
31.32
34.46
36.25
2.47
2.71
2.85
0.0490
0.0869
0.1461
0.02091
0.03507
0.05995
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Vii
10.76 +/-
0.4037 +/-
0.0007 +/-
589.89
2.47 0*3/9
0.33 81*2/9
0.0124
0.0013
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9995
0.05995-
X=P/Po
0.16
Figure B-95. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A338/0124-1-LL3
B-96
-------
HICROflERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2200
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/11/87
SfWPLE I.O.: A338/0124-1
ILL-l)
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
SAMPLE WEIOfT: 1.2642 g
BARIWETRIC PRESSURE: 760 tssHg
K3L CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA:
0.162 rart
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 mHg
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
(X) (VOL)
(ca^/g AT STP)
5.000 2.39
1.89
0.0490
0.02727
8.860 2.75
2.18
0.0869
0.04374
14.900 3.25
2.57
0.1461
0.06656
22.000 3.65
2.89
0.2157
0.09528
BET SUfFACE AREA:
10.54 +/-
0.14 n*2/g
SLOPE:
0.4051 +/-
0.0(63
INTERCEPT:
0.0070 +/-
0.0007
C:
52.90
Vn:
2.42 oT3/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9938
0.09528-
X
(l-X)V
>
0 X=P/Po 0.23
Figure B-96. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A338/0124-1-LL1 (Powder)
»
*
t
*
B-97
-------
MICROMERITICS INSTRUMENT COIPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/8/87
SAMPLE I.O.: A338/0124-2 LL-1
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
SAMPLE HEIGHT: 14.1000 g
BAROMETRIC PRESSUK
760 mHg
ML. CROSS-SECTIQNAL AREA: 0.162 nft SATURATION PRESSURE
775 faMg
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
EXPEFIKNTAL DATA
VDL ADSORBED X=P/Po Y=X/C(1-X)V]
(t) (VOL)
-------
NICROSRITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/4/87
SfWLE I.D.: A338/0124-2 (LL-2)
AOSORBATE: Nitrogen
SAMPLE HEIGHT: 13.4000 a
BAROMETRIC PIESSURE: 760 mHg
MGL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 nrt
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 ortg
SAMPLE TEWOATURE: 0.00 C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADS0RED X=P/Po
Y=X/C(1-K)V3
(%) (VOL)
(or"3/g AT STP)
5.000 35.80
2.67
0.0490
0.01930
8.860 36.40
2.87
0.0869
0.03320
14.900 42.32
3.16
0.1461
0.06418
BET SURFACE ASA:
12.07 +/-
0.12 B*2/g
SLOPE:
0.3589 +/-
0.0036
INTERCEPT:
0.0018 +/-
0.0004
C:
197.61
Va:
2.77 cT3/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 1.0000
0.05418-
K
(l-I)V
0-
0 X=P/P0 0.16
Figure B-98. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A338/0124-2-LL2
t
»
»
B-99
-------
MICROfOITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/4/87
SAH*£ I.D.: A338/0124-2 (LL-3)
SAWLE HEIGHT: 12.6000 9
NOL CROSS-SECTIONAL AIEA: 0.162 raT2
SflWLE TEWERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROffiTRIC PRESSURE: 760 onHg
SATURATION PffiSSURE: 775 omHg
EXPERIKNTAL DATA
VtL ADSORBED X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)
(*) (VOL)
(ca^3/g AT STP)
5.000 33.54
2.66
0.0490
0.01937
8.860 36.51
2.90
0.0869
0.03284
14.900 39.15
3.11
0.1461
0.05507
BET SURFACE AREA:
11.78 +/-
0.17 n*2/g
SLOPE:
0.3684 +/-
0.0053
INTERCEPT:
0.0011 +/-
0.0005
C:
328.83
Va:
2.71 ar^/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9999
0.05507-
Y=
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
Figure B-99. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A338/0124-2-LL3
B-100
-------
HICRtBCRITlCS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/9/07
SAMPLE I.D.: A33B/0124-2 LL-1
SAMPLE HEIGHT: 1.4997 g
ICL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 ntZ
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBflTE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 nHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 tsrig
EXPERIMENTS. DATA
VOL ADSORBED
X=P/Po
Y=x/td-x;
(X)
(VOL)
(01*3/9 "T STP)
5.000
3.75
2.50
0.0490
0.02062
8.860
4.23
2.82
0.0869
0.03374
14.900
4.99
3.33
0.1461
0.05143
22.000
5.36
3.57
0.2157
0.07697
BET SURFACE AREA;
3J1PE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Vb:
12.86 +/-
0.3345 +/-
0.0041 +/-
83.39
2.95(9^3/9
0.39 11*2/g
0.0101
0.0014
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9991
0.07697-
(HOV
X=P/Po
Figure B-100. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A338/0124-2-LL1 (Powder)
B-lOl
-------
HICROeiTICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FloMSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/4/07
SAMPLE I.D.: A338/0124-3 <11-1)
SAWLE WEIGHT: 15.9000 g
ML. CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 ntZ
SfWLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 aHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 nrtg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
(*> (VOL)
5.000 30.10
8.860 33.96
14.900 36.47
VOL ADSORBED
(ca^3/g AT STP)
1.89
2.14
2.29
X=P/Po
0.0490
0.0869
0.1461
Y=X/I(1-X)V]
0.02724
0.04455
0.07460
BET 9JRFACE AIEA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Vi:
8.84 +/-
0.4896 +/-
0.0028 +/-
177.96
2.03 caA3/g
0.24 111*2/g
0.0135
0.0014
CORIELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9996
0.07460-
Y=
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
0.16
Figure B-101. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A338/0124-3-LL1
B-102
-------
MICROERITICS INSTRUMENT COWORATION
FloMSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/3/87
SWLE I.O.: A338/0124-3 LL-2
AOSORBATE: Nitrogen
SAMPLE HEIGHT: 19.7000 g
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 ortg
ML CRQSS-SECTICM. AREA: 0.162 rm*2
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 nHg
SAMPLE TEffERATURE: 0.00 C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED
X=P/Po
Y=X/t(l-X)V]
(%) (VOL)
(ra*3/g AT STP)
5.000 41.56
2.11
0.0490
0.02444
8.860 45.60
2.31
0.0869
0.04111
14.900 49.05
2.49
0.1461
0.06873
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Vi:
9.49 +/-
0.4571 +/-
0.0010 +/-
256.42
2.18 cT3/g
0.15 8^2/g
0.0070
0.0007
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9999
0.06873-
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
0.16
Figure B-102. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A338/0124-3-LL2
B-103
-------
NICROOITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FloaSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/3/87
SAMPLE I.D.: A338/0124-3 (LL-3)
SfWLE HEIGHT: IB. 4000 g
ML. CROSS-SECTIGNfiL AREA: 0.162 r^2
SfWLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PESSURE: 760 raHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
(%) (VOL)
VOL ADSORBED
-------
MICROMERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
floNSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/8/87
SAMPLE 1.0.: A338/0124-3 LL-1
ADS0RBATE: Nitrogen
SAMPLE HEIGHT: 1.4449 g
BAROMETRIC PfSSSURE: 760 mHg
M0L CROSS-SECTION AREA: 0.162 raft
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 mHq
SAMPLE TEHOATURE: 0.00 C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po
Y=X/t (1-XJV3
(« (V0U
(0*3/9 AT STP)
5.000 3.49
2.42
0.0490
0.02135
8.860 3.75
2.60
0.0869
0.03666
14.900 4.21
2.91
0.1461
0.05873
22.000 4.66
3.23
0.2157
0.08530
BET SURFACE AREA:
11.31 +/-
0.10 s^g
SLOPE:
0.3819 +/-
0.0035
INTERCEPT:
0.0030 +/-
0.0005
C:
129.05
Va:
2.60 aT3/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9999
0.08530-
X
(l-X)V
0-
0 X=P/Po 0.23
Figure B-104. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A338/0124-3-LL1 (Powder)
B-105
-------
MICROHERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FloxSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/24/87
SflWLE I.D.: A338/0136-1 LL-1
ADS3RBATE: Nitrogen
SAKPLE WEIGHT: 1.4874 g
BAROHETRIC PRESSUfE: 760 raHg
HOL CROSS-SCTI0WL AREA: 0.162 wtZ
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 nHg
TEHPERATUIE: 0.00 C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBS
D X=P/Pc
Y=X/C<1X)V3
(X) (VOL)
(car3/g AT STP)
5.000 5.81
3.77
0.0490
0.01367
8.860 6.13
4.12
0.0869
0.02309
14.900 6.83
4.59
0.1461
0.03727
22.000 7.56
5.08
0.2157
0.05412
BET SURFACE AREA:
17.84 +/-
0.08 r2/g
SLOPE:
0.2422 +/-
0.0010
INTERCEPT:
0.0019 +/-
0.0001
C:
128.31
Va:
4.10 oTS/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 1.0000
0.05412-1
1
i
* I
1
r
Y=
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
Figure B-105. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A338/0136-1-LL1 (Powder)
B-106
-------
MICRONERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlowSorh 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/26/07
SAMPLE I.D.: (1330/0136-2 LL-1
(BET)
flDSORBATE: Nitrogen
SWfLE HEIGHT: 1.5174 g
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 adtg
MQL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 ntZ
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 «Hg
SAWLE TEJKRATURE: 0.00 C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED J£=P/Po
Y=X/C(1-X)V1
(*> (V0U
(a^3/g AT STP)
5.000 3.74
2.46
0.0490
0.02092
9.860 4.08
2.69
0.0869
0.03539
14.900 4.64
3.06
0.1461
0.05596
22.000 5.38
3.55
0.2157
0.07759
BET SURFACE AIEA:
12.65 ~/-
0.38 11*2/9
SUFE:
0.3389 +/-
0.0103
INTEFfcEPT:
0.0053 +/-
0.0014
C:
65.10
Vb:
,2.91 cT3/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9991
0.07759-
X
Y=
(1-13 V
0-
0 J=P/Po 0.23
Figure B-106. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A338/0136-2-LL1 (Powder)
t
*
*
*
B-L07
-------
MICROMERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FloNSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/25/87
SAMPLE I.O.: A338/0136-3 (LL-1 100 MESH)
ADS3RBATE: Nitrogen
SAWLE HEIGHT: 1.3494 g
BAROETRIC PRESSURE: 760 eaaHg
ML. CfWBS-SCTimfiL AREA: 0.162
SATURATION PRESSU&: 775 raHg
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
(*) (VOL)
(c^/g AT STP)
5.000 3.52
2.61
0.0490
0.01977
8.860 3.91
2.90
0.0869
0.03284
14.900 4.52
3.35
0.1461
0.05109
22.000 4.87
3.61
0.2157
0.07622
BET SURFACE AREA:
12.84 +/-
0.30 11*2/9
SLOPE:
0.3359 +/-
0.0078
INTERCEPT:
0.0032 +/-
0.0011
C:
106.86
Va:
2.95 cs^/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9995
0.07622-
X=P/Po
Figure B-107. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A338/0136-3-LL1 (Powder)
B-108
-------
HICROOITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlonSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE; 7/14/07
SfWLE 1.0.: A230/0734-A LL-1
AOSORBATE: Nitrogen
SfWLE HEIGHT: 19.2000 g
BARQCTRIC PfESSURE: 760 aHg
HOL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 ntZ
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 ntig
SfWLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po
Y=X/C(1-X)V3
(!) (VOL)
(ca"3/g AT STP)
5.000 50.36
2.62
0.0490
0.01966
8.860 52.26
2.72
0.0869
0.03496
12.100 56.55
2.95
0.1137
0.04571
BET SUTFACE ftfEA:
11.93 *t-
0.5B tfVq
SLOPE:
0.3751 +/-
0.0188
INTERCEPT:
0.0016 +/-
0.0017
C:
234.22
Mi:
2.65 ca^/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9987
0.04571J
1
I
» |
1
l
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
0.13
Figure B-108. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A230/0734-A-LL1
B-109
-------
NICROfOITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 7/21/87
SAMPLE 1.0.i A230/0734-A LL-2
SAWLE HEIGHT: 12.1000 g
NOL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 n^2
SAWLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
AOSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 nHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 aaHg
EXPERIKNTAL DATA
(*) (VOL)
5.000
8.860
12.100
1.00
1.11
1.23
VOL ADSORBED
-------
HICWWERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FloNSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 7/15/87
SflffLE I.D.: A230/0734-A LL-3
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
SAWLE HEIGHT: 13.0000 o
BAfHSCTRIC PRESSURE: 760 Brig
MDL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 nrt
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 nHg
SAWLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
EXPERIKMTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po
Y=X/t(l-X)Vl
(» (VOL)
(0^3/g AT STP)
5.000 8.73
0.67
0.0490
0.07678
8.860 9.22
0.71
0.0869
0.13416
12.100 10.38
0.80
0.1187
0.16894
BET SURFACE AREA:
3.24 +/-
0.29 aTSJq
SLOPE:
1.3297 +/-
0.1204
INTERCEPT:
0.0138 +/-
0.0108
C:
97.45
Vi:
0.74 art/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9359
0.16894-
X
(l-X)V
0-
0 X=P/Po 0.13
Figure B-110. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A230/0734-A-LL3
B-lll
-------
MICRCMERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlottSorb 2200
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 7/2B/B7
SAWLE I.D.: A230/0734-A LL-1
ADSORBATE
: Nitrogen
SAMPLE HEIGHT: 1.2576 g
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE
: 760 ntfg
HOL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 ntZ
SATURATION PRESSURE:
: 775 ntfg
SAMPLE TEMPERATUI& 0.00 C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po Y=X/[(1-X)V]
«) (VOL)
(cM"3/g AT STP)
5.000 3.61
2.87
0.0490
0.01796
8.860 4.05
3.22
0.0869
0.02955
12.100 4.06
3.23
0.1187
0.04170
22.000 5.24
4.17
0.2157
0.06602
BET SJRFACE AIEA:
14.90 +/-
0.89 8*2/3
SLOPE:
0.2872 +/-
0.0173
INTERCEPT:
0.0050 +/-
0.0023
C:
57.98
Vi:
3.42 caf3/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9964
0.06602-
X
(l-X)V
0-
0 X=P/Po 0.23
Figure B-lll. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A230/0734-A-LL1 (Powder)
B-112
-------
MCROKRITICS INSTRUHENT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA WALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 6/30/87
SAMPLE I.D.: A230/0734-B
(UR-1)
ADSQRBATE: Nitrogen
SAWLE WEIGHT: 15.3885 g
BAROMETRIC PKSSUIE: 760 uHg
HQL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA:
0.162 wT2
SATURATION PESSUfiE: 775 srtg
S(WLE TEHPEWITURE: 0.00 C
EXPERIIENTAL DATA
VOL ADSQREE1
) X=P/Po
Y=X/[/Po 0.13
Figure B-112. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A230/0734-B-UR1
*
t
>
+
B-113
-------
Microtomes instrument corporation
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 7/17/87
SAWLE 1.0.1 A230/0734-B UR-2
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
SAMHJE HEIGHT: 17.1000 g
BflramETRIC PRESSURE: 760 uaHg
N0L CROSS-SECTIONAL SEA: 0.162 rwTZ
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 nHg
SAWLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
(X) (VOL)
(cT3/g AT STP)
5.000 18.68
1.09
0.0490
0.04720
8.860 21.22
1.24
0.0869
0.07668
12.100 23.30
1.36
0.1187
0.09881
BET SURFACE AREA:
5.78 +/-
0.18 r2/g
SLOPE:
0.7424 +/-
0.0235
INILRCEPT:
0.0112 +/-
0.0021
C:
67.12
V«:
1.33 ca*3/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9995
0.09881-
X
(HUV
Oh
0 X=P/Po 0.13
Figure B-113. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A230/0734-B-UR2
B-114
-------
KICRQERITICS INSTRUMENT" CORPORATE
FloifSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT BATE: 8/26/87
SAMPLE 1.0.: A334/0677-A (LL-1)
SAMPLE WEIGHT: 27.9900 g
HBL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 raTZ
SAMPLE TEHPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSQRBATE: Nitrogen
BAROCTRIC PFE5SURE: 760 anHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 773 atfg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
{*> (VOJ
VOL ADSORBED
(QB*3/g AT STP)
X=P/Po
Y=X/[(l-Xm
5.000
6.860
14.900
56.28
58.98
6130
2.01
2.11
2.26
0.0490
0.0869
0.1461
0.02564
0.04516
0.07567
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Vit
8.44 +/-
0.5152 H-
0.0004 +/-
1345.25
1.94 a^/g
0.00 \fZl g
0.0002
0.0000
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 1.0000
0.07567-
Y=
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
0.16
Figure B-114. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A334/0677-A-LL1
B-115
-------
NicRotemics instrument corporation
FloMSorb 2300
BET SUffACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: a/26/87
SAMPLE 1.0.i A334/0677-A LL-2 (BET)
SAfPLE WEIGHT: 24.7400 g
NOL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 nT2
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 urnHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 rtg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
(%> (VOL)
VOL ADSORBED
(aT3/g AT STP)
X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
5.000
a. 860
14.900
29.90
31.30
35.88
1.21
1.27
1.45
0.0490
0.0869
0.1461
0.04266
0.07521
0.11799
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Vn:
5.60 +/-
0.7712 +/-
0.0061 +/-
126.98
1.29 0^3/g
0.27 ¦"Z/g
0.0372
0.0038
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9988
0.11799-
X=P/Po
0.16
Figure B-115.
Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A334/0677-A-LLZ
B-116
-------
HICROHERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/12/87
SAMPLE 1.0.: A334/0677-A LL-3
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
SAffLE HEIGHT: 19.9100 g
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 nHg
N0L CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 ntt
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 n*g
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
EXPERICNTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED
X=P/Po
Y=X/C(1-X)V]
(» (VOU
(cT3/g AT STP)
5.000 29.23
1.47
0.0490
0.03512
8.860 31.22
1.57
0.0869
0.06068
12.100 32.32
1.62
0.1187
0.08294
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Vii
6.33 +/-
0.6864 +/-
0.0013 +/-
516.44
1.45 ort/g
0.07 aT2/g
0.0072
0.0006
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9999
0.08294-
X=^/Po
0.13
Figure B-116. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A334/0677-A-LL3
B-117
-------
NICROMERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FloMSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/28/87
SAMPLE I.D.: A334/0677-A U.-I
ADSORBATE
: Nitrogen
SAfPLE WEIGHT: 1.6993 g
BAROJCTRIC PRESSURE
: 760 iaHg
ML CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 ntZ
SATURATION PRESSURE
: 775 naHg
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po Y=X/[(1-X)V]
1%) (VOL)
(cT3/g AT STP)
5.000 4.44
2.61
0.0490
0.01973
3.860 4.38
2.93
0.0869
0.03247
14.900 5.48
3.22
0.1461
0.05306
22.000 6.19
3.64
0.2157
0.07552
BET SURFACE AREA:
12.84 */-
0.15 rt/q
SLOPE:
0.3356 */-
0.0039
INTERCEPT:
0.0034 */-
0.0005
C:
98.82
Vi>
2.95 oT3/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9999
0.07552-
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
0.23
Figure B-117. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A334/0677-A-LL1 (Powder)
B-118
-------
HICRQERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlonSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: B/12/B7
SAMPLE I.D.: A334/0677-B UR-1
SAMPLE HEIGHT: 18.8300 g
ML. CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 raTZ
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROCTRIC PRESSURE: 760 ntig
SATURATION PRESSURE: 773 ntig
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
(*) (VOU
5.000 22.66
8.860 24.84
12.100 25.96
VOL ADSORBED
(ca^/g AT STP)
1.20
1.32
1.38
X=P/Po
0.0490
0.0869
0.1187
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
0.0428S
0.07213
0.09766
BET SURFACE AREA;
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT
C:
Vbs
5.50 +/-
0.7868 +/-
0.0041 *¦/-
192.34
1.26 cT3/g
0.06 a*Z/q
0.0085
0.0008
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9999
0.09766-
Y=
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
0.13
Figure B-118. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A334/0677-B-UR1
B-119
-------
flICROKERITICS INSTRUMENT COFffVRATION
FlcwSorb 2300
BET SUIFACE flFEfl ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/13/87
SfifPLE 1.0.: A334/0677-B (UR-2)
SflWJLE HEIGHT: 16.2500 g
NQL CROSS-SECTIONAL ARB): 0.162 ra*2
SflffLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBflTE
BAROMETRIC PfESSURE
SATURATION PRESSUtt
Nitrogen
760 mHg
775 unHg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
m (VOL)
VOL ADSORBED
-------
HICROHERITICS IN5RMEHT CflRPORflTIDI
FloHSorb 2300
BET SLRFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT MTE: 9/2/87
SBRE I.D. s B254/0031-S (LL-1)
flBSCRBRTE: Nitrogen
3WLE HEIGHT: 18.5100 g
BARDETRIC PffiSSURE: 760 orig
HDL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 nT2 SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 rtfa
SfWLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V1
<» (VOU
iatVq AT STP)
5.000 28.02
1.51 0.0490
0.03406
8.860 30.43
1.65 0.0869
0.05784
14.300 33.55
1.81 0.1461
0.09441
BET SURFACE AREA:
6.97 */- 0.03 tfZ/q
SLOPE:
0.6212 +/- 0.0030
INTERCEPT:
0.0037 +/- 0.0003
C: 168.87
Vis 1,60 afNJ/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 1.0000
0.09441-
X
Y=
C1-*)V
0-
0 X=P/Po 0.16
Figure B-120. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A254/0031-A-LL1
B-121
»
*
+
-------
MICflOOITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlotSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/3/87
SAMPLE 1.0.: A254/Q031-A (LL-Si
Stm£ HEIGHT: 20.7000 g
ML. CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 r
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ftESEjRBATE: Nitrogen
BftflOMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 mHg
SATURATION PfESSURE: 775 aUg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
(X) (VOL)
(«aT3/g AT STP)
5.000 44.79
2.16 0.0490
0.02383
8.860 46.21
2.23 0.0869
0.04262
14.300 52.78
2.55 0.1461
0.06711
BET SURFACE AREA:
9.76 +/- 0.49 nr^/g
SUPE:
0.4430 +/- 0.0225
1WEKSPT:
0.KS3+/- 0.0023
C:
154.97
Va:
2.24 oA3/g
CORRELATION (^EFFICIENT 0.9387
0.06711-
Y=
(l-K)V
X=P/Po
0.16
Figure B-121. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A254/Q031-A-LL2
B-122
-------
NICRQOITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FloHSorb £300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/2/07
SAMPLE 1.0.: A254/0031-A (LL-3)
SAfflJE UEIGHT: 21.6000 g
ML. CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 m*2
SflWLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROETRIC PRESSURE: 760 nHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 mHq
EXPERIKNTAL DATA
(*) (VOL)
5.000
8.860
14.900
50.10
55.70
58.98
VOL ADSORBED
tcnA3/g AT STP)
2.32
2.58
173
X=P/Po
0.0490
0.0869
0.1461
Y=X/C(1X)VI
0.02223
0.03690
0.06267
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
V*:
10.38 +/-
0.4182 +/-
0.0013 +/-
325.97
2.38 ca^3/g
0.32 ttZJq
0.0128
0.0013
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9995
0.06267-
Y=
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
0.16
Figure B-122. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A254/0031-A-LL3
B-123
-------
MICROCYTICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/8/87
SAMPLE 1.0.: A254/0031-A 11-1
ADS0RBATE
: Nitrogen
SAMPLE HEIGHT: 1.6493 g
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE
: 760 nHg
M0L CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 rw*2
SATURATION PRESSUIE
: 775 nHg
SAtffLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
EXPERIKNTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po Y=X/C(1-X)V]
(X) (VOL)
(ar\3/g AT STP)
5.000 3.08
1.87
0.0490
0.02761
8.860 3.42
2.07
0.0869
0.04589
14.900 3.93
2.38
0.1461
0.07181
22.000 4.39
2.66
0.2157
0.10335
BET SURFACE AREA:
9.51 +/-
0.10 aTZJq
SLOPE:
0.4519 +/-
0.0048
INILHCtPT:
0.0059 +/-
0.0007
C:
77.22
Va:
2.18 0^3/9
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9999
0.10335-
X
(l-X)V
0-
0 X=P/Po 0.23
Figure B-123. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A254/0031-A-LL1 (Powder)
B-124
~
*
*
f
-------
NICROMERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FloMSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/3/87
SfWLE I.O.: A254/0031-B (UR-1)
SAWLE WEIGHT: 24.3000 g
HOL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 nft
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 mHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 mHg
EXPERHECTAL DATA
(*) (VOL)
VOL ADSORBED
(ca^3/g AT STP)
X=P/Po
Y=X/C(1-K)V3
5.000
8.660
14.900
SI. 66
53.98
61.65
2.13
2.22
2.55
0.0490
0.0869
0.1461
0.02425
0.04283
0.06723
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Vat
9.82 +/-
0.4400 +/-
0.0034 +/-
129.99
2.26 cT3/g
0.48 s*2/g
0.0214
0.0022
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9988
0.06723-
Y=
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
Figure B-124. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A254/0031-B-UR1
B-125
-------
NICROMERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlottSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/2/87
SfWLE I.O.: A254/0031-B (UR-O)
SAMPLE HEIGHT: 22.8300 g
MOL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 nrt
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 raHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 caHg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
(*) (VOU
VOL ADS3RBED
(01*3/9 AT STPI
X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
5.000
8.860
14.900
41.68
42.67
46.30
1.82
1.86
2.02
0.0490
0.0869
0.1461
0.02832
0.05104
0.08460
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Vi:
7.52 +/-
0.5786 +/-
0.0003 +/-
2216.31
1.73 o'NJ/g
0.12 11*2/g
0.0092
0.0009
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9999
0.08460-
X=P/Po
Figure B-125. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A254/0031-B-UR2
B-126
-------
NICROMERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
SET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/7/87
SAMPLE I.O.: A306/0156 LL-1
SAffLE HEIGHT: 19.8100 g
MOL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 ntZ
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 wKg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 ortg
EXPERI«NTAL DATA
(%> (VOU
VOL ADSORBED
(ort/g AT STP)
X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
5.000 59.03
8.860 61.99
12.100 64.44
2.98
3.13
3.25
0.0490
0.0869
0.1187
0.01730
0.03041
0.04139
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Vbi
12.57 +/-
0.3459 +/-
0.0003 *h
1005.72
2.89 oT3/g
0.00 r2/g
0.0001
0.0000
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 1.0000
0.04139-
X=P/Po
0.13
Figure B-126. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A306/0156-LL1
B-127
-------
MICROiOITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORfiTION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SUffACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: a/10/87
SAMPLE 1.0.: A306/0156 (LL-2)
SAKPLE HEIGHT: 19.6100 g
IflJL. CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 mfl
SAMPLE TENPERflTURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE; Nitrogen
BARCMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 ramHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
(H (VOL)
5.000 63.75
8.860 69.IS
12.100 72.75
VOL ADSORBED
(01*3/9 AT STP)
3.25
3.53
3.71
X=P/Po
0.0490
0.0869
0.1187
Y=X/C(1-X!V]
0.01536
0.02698
0.03629
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Vb:
14.76 +/-
0.2934 +/-
0.0015 +/-
199.68
3.39 c«*3/g
0.02 uTS/g
0.0004
O.OOOO
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 1.0000
0.03629-
X=P/Po
Figure B-127. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A306/0156-LL2
B-1Z8
-------
HICROHERITICS IKSTRUHENT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/7/87
SAMPLE I.D.: A306/0156 LL-3
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
SAHHJE HEIGHT: 15.9500 g
BARtBCTRIC PUESSURE: 760 iaHg
iCL CWJSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.182 ntl
SATURATE PffliSSURE: 775 arig
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED
X=P/Po
Y=X/C(1-X)V3
(») (VOL)
(0*3/g AT STP)
5.000 43.20
2.71
0.0490
0.01904
8.860 45.00
2.82
0.0869
0.03373
12.100 46.13
2.89
0.1187
0.04655
BET SJRFACE AIEA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Vi:
11.03 +/-
0.3950 +/-
-0.0004 +/-
-961.75
2.53 c^3/g
0.12 aTVq
0.0045
0.0004
CORfELATIOi COEFFICIENT 0.9999
0.04655-
(t-X)V
X=P/Po
0.13
Figure B-128. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A306/0156-LL3
B-129
-------
HICRCWERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/13/87
SAWLE I.D.: A306/0156 LL-1 100 ICSH
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
SAMPLE HEIGHT: 1.2277 g
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 imHg
ML. CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 mfZ
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 rfg
SAWLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-XM
(*) (VOL)
(~1*3/9 AT STP)
5.000 3.76
3.06
0.0490T
0.01684
3.860 4.23
3.45
0.0869
0.02762
12.100 4.61
3.92
0.1187
0.03436
22.000 5.48
4.46
0.2157
0.06163
BET SURFACE AREA:
16.06 +/-
0.44 iT2/g
SLOPE:
0.2674 +/-
0.0074
INTERCEPT:
0.0037 +/-
0.0010
C:
73.61
Va:
3.69 0*3/9
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9992
0.06163-
X
(l-X)V
0
0 X=P/Po 0.23
Figure B-129. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A306/0156-LL1 (Powder)
»
*
»
4
B-130
-------
MICROfOITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FloMSorb 2300
BET SURFAE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 8/24/87
SAMPLE I.D.: A306/0192 LL-1 (BET)
SflffLE WEIGHT: 1.5590 g
HOL CROSS-SECTIONAL Af£A: 0.162 nff*2
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
AOSJRBATE: Nitrogen
BAROKTRIC PRESSURE: 750 moHg
SATURATION PffcSSURE: 775 mHg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
tt) (VOJ
VOL ADSORBED
(o^/g AT STP)
X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-)C)V]
5.000
B.860
14.900
22.000
2.36
2.62
3.07
3.52
1.51
1.68
1.97
2.26
0.0490
0.0fl69
0.1461
0.2157
0.03406
0.05662
0.08690
0.12184
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Vb:
8.18 +/-
0.5227 +/-
0.0098 +/-
54.27
1.88 ar"3/g
0.19 fZI g
0.0124
0.0017
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9994
0.12184-
K=P/Po
0.23
Figure B-130. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
Converter A306/0192-LL1 (Powder)
B-131
-------
APPENDIX C
BET EQUATION VERSUS RELATIVE PRESSURE
FOR MOD SAMPLES
-------
MICRttfOITICS INSTRUMENT COWORflTION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
f£P0RT DATE: 7/9/87
SAMPLE I.D.: 219/0199-1-A
ADS0RBATE: Nitrogen
SAMPLE WEIGHT: 1.4375 a
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 mmHg
ML. CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 raT2
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 mHg
SAtPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po
M/[(1-X)V]
(X) (VOL;
(c#A3/g AT STP)
5.000 2.17
1.51
0.0450
0.03416
8.360 2.37
1.65
0.0669
0.05771
12.100 2.52
1.75
0.1187
0.07680
22.000 3.10
2.16
0.2157
0.12756
BET SURFACE AREA:
7.71 +/-
0.24 B*2/g
SLOPE:
0.5558 +/-
0.0176
INIERCtPT:
0.0087 +/-
0.0023
C:
64.86
Vn:
1.77 01*3/9
CORffiLATION DEFICIENT 0.9990
0.12756-
X
-------
HICfUERITIG INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 7/9/87
SWPLE 1.0.: 219/0199-1-8
SWPLE «1SHT: 1.1491 g
NOL CRKS-SECTItm AREA: 9. 152 ra^S
SWPLE TEWPEJWTURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBflTE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 ussHg
SflTURATIOM PRESSURE: 775 rastfg
QPERIIfcNTftL DATA
VOL ADSORBED
X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)
(*)
(VOL)
(afNS/g AT STP)
5.000
1.56
1.36
0.0490
0.03798
3.360
1.83
1.59
0.0869
0.05975
12.100
1.37
1.71
0.1187
0.07853
22,000
2,49
2.17
0.2157
0.12695
BET SURFACE
AREA:
a.oo +/-
0.24 n*2/g
SLOPE:
0.5308 +/-
0.0159
INTERCEPT:
0.0134 +/-
0.0021
C:
40.63
Vfl!
1.84 £3*3/11
CORISLATION
CIEFFICIENT 0.9991
0.12695-
Y=
n-m
X=P/Po
Figure C-2. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
MOD sample: Converter 219/0199-1-B
C-3
-------
HICROMERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 3/24/87
SAMPLE I.D.: A219/0199-2-A
AD83RBATE: Nitrogen
SAMPLE HEIGHT: 1.4985 g
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 uiHg
M0L CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.152 nrt
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 aimHg
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V3
(» (VOL)
(cffl^/g AT STP)
5.000 1.38
0.92
0.0490
0.05599
8.860 1.48
0.99
0.0869
0.09634
14.900 1.71
1.14
0.1461
0.14995
22.000 1.95
1.30
0.2157
0.21140
BET SURFACE AREA:
4.64 +/-
0.12 m"2/g
SLOPE:
0.9250 +/-
0.0242
INTERCEPT:
0.0133 +/-
0.0034
C:
70.47
Vn:
1.07 ctfNS/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9993
0.21140-
i
(l-X)V
0-
0 X=P/Po 0.23
Figure C-3. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
MOD sample: Converter 219/0199-2-A
C-4
-------
WICROMERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
IMPORT DATE: 9/23/87
SAMPLE I.D.: 219/01S9-2B
SAMPLE WEIGHT: 1.5593 g
NOL. CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 rttTZ
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
AOSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 tmHg
SATURATION PRESSUfE: 775 eaaHg
EXPERIffiNTAL DATA VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po Y=X/[(1-X)V]
(*) (VOL) (caA3/g AT STP)
5.000 1.61 1.03 0.0490 0.04994
8.860 1.79 1.15 0.0869 0.06289
14.900 2.05 1.31 0.1461 0.13016
22.000 2.52 1.62 0.2157 0.17022
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Va:
5.88 +/-
0.7220 +/-
0.0184 +/-
40.14
1.35 ort/g
0.38 nA2/g
0.0479
0.0067
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9956
+-
0.17022-
Y=
(l-X)V
0-+-
0
+
0.23
X=P/Po
Figure C-4. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
MOD sample: Converter 219/0199-2-B
-------
MICRfflERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FloMSorb 2300
BET SURFfiCE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 7/6/87
SfiHPLE I.D.: A87/0131-1-A
ADS0RBATE: Nitrogen
SAHPLE WEIGHT: 1.1351 9
BARtWETRIC PRESSURE: 760 mHg
NOL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 r»T2
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 maHg
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VO. ADSORBED X=P/Po
Y=X/C <1X)V]
(*) (VOL)
(cflr^3/g AT STP)
5.000 1.35
1.63
0.0490
0.03164
3.860 2.18
1.92
0.0869
0.04954
12.100 2. IS
1.93
0.1187
0.0697B
22.000 2.44
2.15
0.2157
0.12797
BET SURFACE AREA:
7.42 +/-
0.23 r*2/g
SUPE:
0.5857 +/-
0.0181
INTERCEPT:
0.0009 +/-
0.0024
C:
675.62
Vo:
1.70 ca'S/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.3990
0.12737-
X
(l-X)V
0
0 X=P/Po 0.23
Figure C-5. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
MOD sample: Converter A87/0131-1-A
-------
MICRfflERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AO ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 7/6/B7
SAKPLE I.C.: 067/0131-1-8
ADS0RBATE:
: Nitrogen
SAMPLE WEIGHT: 1.0352 g
BAROfETRIC PRESSURE:
760 ne^g
JI0L CROSS-SECTItBttL AREA: 0.162 nsfZ
SATURATION PRESSURE:
1 775 raHg
SfWLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
EXPERIMENTAL WTfl
VOL ADSORBS
j x=p/Po ₯=X/[(1-X)V]
W IVjL)
(0^3/9 AT STP)
3.000 1.81
1.75
0.0490
0.02949
8.860 1.%
1.89
0.0869
0.05026
12.100 2.19
2.12
0.1187
0.06364
22.000 2.73
2.64
0.2157
0.10431
BET SURFACE AREA:
9.64 +/-
0.40 tTl/g
SUM.:
0.4414 +/-
0.0187
INTERCEPT:
0.0100 H-
0.00s
C:
45.06
Vat
2.22 at*Z/q
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9382
0.10431-
i
(1-XJV
0-
0 X=P/Po 0.23
Figure C-6. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
MOD sample: Converter A87/0131-1-B
C-7
*
*
»
*
v
-------
MICROMERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FloxSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 7/6/87
SAMPLE I.D.j A87/0131-2-A
SAMPLE HEIGHT: 1.3262 g
NOL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 no"?
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE:
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE:
SATURATION PRESSURE:
Nitrogen
760 nsHg
775 riii
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
(*> (VOL)
VOL ADSORBED
(csA3/g AT STP)
X=P/Po
Y=X/C(1X)V]
5.000
8.860
12.100
22.000
0.98
1.10
1.14
1.41
0.74
0.83
0.86
1.06
0.0490
0.0869
0.1187
0.2157
0.06977
0.11472
0.15662
0.25874
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Va:
3.80 +/-
1.1300 +/-
0.0171 +/-
67.07
0.87 CBA3/g
0.12 aA2/g
0.0371
0.0049
CORteLATION COEFFICIENT 0.9989
0.25874-
y=
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
0.23
Figure C-7. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
MOD sample: Converter A87/0131-2-A
C-8
-------
MICROCYTICS INSTRUMENT CGRPORATICN
FloMSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 7/7/37
SAMPLE I.D.: A87/0131-2-B
SAMPLE HEIGHT: 1.1824 g
HOL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 raft
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADS0RBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 uHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 raHg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
«> (Vffi.)
VOL ADSORBED
(cT3/g AT STP)
X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
5.000
a. 860
12.100
22.000
0.77
0.83
0.8S
1.16
0.65
0.70
0.75
0.98
0.0490
0.0869
0.1187
0.2157
0.07918
0.13555
0.17887
0.28040
BET SUfffACE AREA:
3JPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Va:
3.58 +/-
1.1867 +/-
0.0290 +/-
41.96
0.82 arN5/g
0.23 i^g
0.0766
0.0102
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9959
0.28040-
X=P/Po
0.23
Figure C-8. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
MOD sample: Converter A87/0131-2-B
C-9
-------
MICROCYTICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlottSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 7/6/87
SAMPLE I.D.: A87/0228-1-B
ADSJRBATE: Nitrogen
SflfPLE WEIGHT: 1.2646 g
BAROMETRIC PRESSU&: 760 ranHg
MOL. CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA:
0.162 ntt
SATURATION PIESSURE: 775 aanHg
SAMPLE TEWERATURE: 0.00
C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
(X) (VOL)
(cn^/g AT STP)
5.000 0.16
0.13
0.0490
0.40752
8.660 0.19
0.15
0.0869
0.63331
12.100 0.20
0.16
0.1187
0.85129
22.000 0.23
0.18
0.2157
1.51252
BET SURFACE AREA:
0.65 +/-
0.01 «^2/g
SLOPE:
6.6775 +/-
0.1213
INTERCEPT:
0.0660 +/-
0.0161
C:
102.13
Vn:
0.15 ca*3/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9997
1.51252-
X
(l-X)V
0
0 X=P/Po 0.23
Figure C-9. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
MOD sample: Converter A87/0228-1-B
C-10
*
*
*
»
-------
KICRWERITICS IfCTRUfSNT CORPORATION
FlcmSorb 2200
BET SURFACE ftffifl ANALYSIS
(©CRT DATE: 7/2/87
SAMPLE l.D.: A87/022B-2-A
ADS0RBATE: Nitrogen
SAHPLE HEIGHT: 1.6160 g
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 uHg
MQL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA:
0.162 rw^
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 aaHg
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00
C
EXPERIKNTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=f»/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
(J) (VOL)
(ca^3/g AT STP)
5.000 0.82
0.51
0.0490
0.10161
8.860 0.89
0.55
0.0869
0.17277
12.100 1.01
0.62
0.1187
0.21541
22.000 1.12
0.69
0.2157
0.39692
BET SURFACE AREA:
2.45 */-
0.08 1*2/9
SLOPE:
1.7624 +/-
0.0570
INTERCEPT:
0.0145 */-
0.0076
C:
122.36
Vn:
0.56 or^J/g
CORRELATION CCEFFICIENT 0.9990
0.39632-
Y=
(1-XJV
X=P/Po
Figure C-10. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
MOD sample: Converter A87/0228-2-A
C-ll
-------
MCROMERITICS INSTRUfOT CORPORATION
FloMSorb 2300
BET SUffftCE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 7/6/87
SAMPLE 1.0.s A87/022B-2-B
SA»LE UEIGHT: 1.0447 g
HOL. CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA; 0.162 rar"2
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSGRBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PIESSJRE: 760 snHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 imjHg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED
X=P/Po
Y=X/C(1-X
(X)
(VOL)
-------
WICRWERITICS INSTRUMENT COIPGRATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AIEA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 7/7/87
SflfWJE I.D.: A87/0345-1-A
SAMPLE WEIGHT: 1.4242 g
NOL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 nT2
SAW*£ TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADS3RBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 saHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 ooHg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
(%) (VOL)
VOL ADSORBED
(ctfNS/g AT STP)
X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
5.000
8.860
12.100
22.000
0.64
0.72
0.88
1.00
0.45
0.51
0.62
0.70
0.0490
0.0869
0.1187
0.2157
0.11474
0.18822
0.21789
0.39178
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Va;
2.60 +/-
1.6397 +/-
0.0354 +/-
47.37
0.60 orNS/g
0.14 ^2/g
0.0924
0.0123
CORRELATION CQEFFICIEMT 0.9968
0.39178-
Y=
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
0.23
Figure C-12. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
MOD sample: Converter A87/0345-1-A
C-13
-------
HICflOERITICS INSTHUPEHT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AKA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 7/8/87
SAHPLE I.D.s A87/0345-1-A
ADS0RBATE: Nitrogen
SfWLE HEIGHT: 1.2927 g
BAROffiTRIC PRESSURE: 760 sutHg
KOL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA:
0.162 ntZ
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 maHg
SAWLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00
C
EXPERIMEHTHL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V3
(%) (VOL)
(car*3/g AT STP)
5.000 1.03
0.80
0.0490
0.06471
8.660 1.20
0.33
0.0869
0.10250
12.100 1.36
1.05
0.1187
0.12797
22.000 1.46
1.13
0.2157
0.24357
BET SURFACE AREA:
4.01 +/-
0.20 r*2/g
SLOPE:
1.0777 +/-
0.0536
INTERCEPT:
0.0080 ~/-
0.0071
C:
136.22
Va:
0.92 M*3/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9975
0.24357-
Y=
(1-XIV
X=P/Po
Figure C-13. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
MOD sample: Converter A87/0345-1-B
C-14
-------
MICRQKRITICS INSTRUtCNT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 7/9/87
SAMPLE I.D.: A87/0345-2-A
SAWLE HEIGHT: 1.2710 g
ML. CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 rmTZ
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 780 raHg
SATURATICN PffiSSURE: 775 msHg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
V& ADSORBED
X=P/Po
Y=X/C(1-X
(X)
(VOL)
(aT3/g AT STP)
5.000
0.61
0.48
0.0490
0.10743
8.360
0.73
0.57
0.0869
0.16567
12.100
0.82
0.65
0.1187
0.20868
22.000
1.08
0.85
0.2157
0.32374
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Vn:
3.27 +/-
1.2B00 +/-
0.0509 +/-
26.15
0.75 c**3/g
0.14 11*2/q
0.0564
0.0075
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.99S1
0.32374-
X=P/Po
Figure C-14. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
MOD sample: Converter A87/0345-2-A
C-15
-------
NICROHERITICS INSTRUJENT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
(EPORT DATE: 7/0/87
SAHPLE I.D.: A87-0345-2-B
SAMPLE WEIGHT: 1.2010 g
ML CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 m*Z
SAHPLE TEWERATURE: 0.00 C
ACERBATE: Nitrogen
BAROHETRIC PRESSURE; 760 oaHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 onHg
EXPERIHENTAL DATA
it) (VOL)
VOL ADSORBED
(ca^g AT STP)
X=P/Po
r=x/c (l-x) v]
5.000
8.860
12.100
22.000
0.99
1.14
1.29
1.46
0.82
0.95
1.07
1.23
0.0490
0.0869
0.1187
0.2157
0.06255
0.10024
0.12534
0.22323
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Vb:
4.46 +/- 0.11«T2/g
0.9611 +/- 0.0240
0.0148+/- 0.0032
65.78
1.02 oA3/g
CORRELATION CEFFICIENT 0.9994
0.22323-
Y=
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
0.23
Figure C-15. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
MOD sample: Converter A87/0345-2-B
C-16
-------
WCJWERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPGHATIDN
FlcwScrb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 7/8/87
SAMPLE I.D.: A87/0479-1-A
ADSORBflTEi Nitrogen
SfWLE UEIEHTi 1.3866 9
BAROMETRIC P&SSURE: 760 tuHg
ML. CRQSS-SECTICWAL AREA: 0.16a naTZ
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 aniHg
SAMPLE TDPERA7DRE: 0.00 C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
(« (VOL)
(caT3/g AT STP1
5.000 1.47
1.06
0.0490
0.04864
e.aeo i.eo
1.15
0.0869
0.08246
12.100 1.67
1.20
0.1187
0.11179
22.000 2.07
1.49
0.2157
0.18427
BET SURFACE AREA:
5.31 +/-
0.20 «*2/g
SLOPE:
0.8080 +/-
0.0304
INTERCEPT:
0.0118 +/-
0.0040
C:
69.55
Vi:
1.22 c*"3/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9986
0.18427-
u-nv
o-
0 X=P/P0 0.23
Figure C-16. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
MOD sample: Converter A87/0479-1-A
C-17
-------
MICROMERITICS INSTRUCT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
(SPORT DATE: 7/9/87
SAMPLE I.D.: A87/0479-1-B
SAMPLE WEIGHT: 1.0156 g
«0L. CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 rar*2
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADS0RBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 uuHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 Hg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED
X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X3
(*)
(VOL)
(ar*3/g AT STP)
5.000
1.06
1.04
0.0490
0.04940
8.860
1.24
1.22
0.0869
0.07793
12.100
1.33
1.31
0.1187
0.10281
22.000
1.76
1.73
0.2157
0.15874
BET SURFACE AREA:
6.50 +/-
0.35 aTZJq
SLOPE:
0.6490 +/-
0.0363
INTERCEPT:
0.0209 +/-
0.0048
C:
32.03
Vn:
1.49 a?Vq
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9969
0.15874-
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
0.23
Figure C-17. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
MOD sample: Converter A87/0479-1-B
C-18
-------
MICROMERJTICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
Flo*Sorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/25/87
SAMPLE I.D.: A87/0479-2-A (100 MESH)
SAMPLE WEIGHT: 1.4351 g
HOL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 ranA2
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 ranflg
SATURATION PRESSURE! 775
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
(X) (VCD
VOL ADSORBED
(ctf^/g AT STP)
X=P/Po
Y=X/C(L-X)V]
5.000
8.860
14.300
22.000
0.74
0.86
0.95
1.08
0.52
0.60
0.66
0.74
0.0490
0.0869
0.1461
0.2157
0.09999
0.15878
0.25850
0.37244
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Vo:
2.62 +/-
1.6413 +/-
0.0182 +/-
91.28
0.60 cn*3/g
0.02 ff*2/g
0.0138
0.0019
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9999
0.37244'
X=P/Po
0.23
Figure C-18. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
MOD sample: Converter A87/0479-2-A
C-19
-------
MICROMERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/24/87
SAMPLE I.D.: A87-0479-2-B
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
SAMPLE HEIGHT: 1.8887 g
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 nmHg
M0L. CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA:
0.162 nraA2
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 mmHg
SAMPLE TBPERflTURE: 0.00
C
EXRERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
(%> (VOL)
(cfflA3/g AT STP)
5.000 1.39
0.74
0.0490
0.07006
8.860 1.62
0.86
0.0869
0.11093
14.900 1.85
0.98
0.1461
0.17470
22.000 1.9S
1.05
0.2157
0.26109
BET SURFACE AREA:
3.77 +/-
0.10 taA2/g
SLOPE:
1.1428 +/-
0.0302
INTERCEPT:
0.0120 +/-
0.0042
C:
96.36
Vro:
0.87 ca^J/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9993
0.26109-
K
(l-X)V
0-
0 X=P/Po 0.23
Figure C-19- Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure for
MOD sample: Covnerter A87/0479-2-B
*
~
~
t
C-20
-------
APPENDIX D
SCANNING ELECTRON MICROGRAPHS WITH SPECTRUM
-------
TN-5500 SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE FRI 18-SEP-87 11:26
Cuhsoc-: 0 . 000k©V = 0
101 R221/019S-R 24KEV
Figure D-l. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A221/0198
life4
# pi
x 2 5 0 0 2 47 V°*000 1
Figure D-2. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A221/Q198
D-2
-------
IN-5500 SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE FRI 18-SEP-87 13:25
Cursor: 0 008keV = 8
"t C
T
i
1
j
1
/ -
i
t
i
i
...
i
?
j
w
I
Q
L
i
A
\
1
u
I
t
i
i'l
j
S
J
B
H
j*1
fl
mo
r.
f
E
N
u
I- :
E
\-
is
J-;
Jr
A
-r : :
ifi! i
W'TLv-^-f
v,
r-Hr
>
.j
K,
: ' f - '- *r'
J
I
/
v'rr-:/:
1
1":
0.800 VFS = 2048 18.240
144 A221/0198-R 30KEV
Figure D-3. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A221/0198
<;£*. ,0f'
M- i
¦ ¦
**
¦*r
f - jftin
jf > ¦&*¦>»¦
».# ' *
"f >'
-
it
jit
x 2 5 9 0
1 4 O \j iv» <
3 0k V
» 0 0 0 3
Figure D-4. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 30 KeV
for Converter A221/0198
D-3
-------
TN-5500 SOUTHWEST RESERRCH INSTITUTE FRI 18-SEP-87 16:16
CuhsoM 0 .000KeV = 0
198 R221/0310-R 24KEV
Figure D-5. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A221/0310
Figure D-6. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A221/0310
D-4
-------
TN-55Q0 SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE FRI IS-SEP-87 16:33
Cursor: 0.000keV = 0
0.000
112
V'FS = 2048
R221/0310-R 30KEV
Figure D-7. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A221/0310
10.240
Figure D-8. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 30 KeV
for Converter A221/0310
D-5
-------
IN-5500 SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE FRI 18-SEP-87 15:42
Cursor-: 2 010ke'v' = 1552
0.000 VFS = 204S 10.24-0
108 0249/0486-1-A 24KEV
Figure D-9. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter AZ49/0486-1
C C
A A
yr_
Figure D-10. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A249/0486-1
D-6
-------
Figure D-12. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A249/0486-2
D-7
-------
TN-5500 SOUTHWEST RESERRCH INSTITUTE FRI 18-SEP-87 '13:47
Cut- soh s 0 .000keV - 0
143 R249/0486-3-R 24KEV
Figure D-13. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A249/0486-3
Figure D-14. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A249/0486-3
D-8
-------
TN-5500 SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE FRI 21-RUG-87 13:59
Cuhsoh : 0 . 000Ke'v" = 0
0.000 VFS = 4096 10.240
i R2S0/0004L -fl 24KEV
Figure D-15. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A280/0004L
C M
E h
Figure D-16. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A280/0004L
D-9
-------
TN-5500 SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE TUE 22-SEP-87 13:23
Cursor: 0.000keV = 0
I
P
-
Figure D-18. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A280/0005L
D-10
-------
TN-w<5v:'-«3 bC*J T HWE5T
Cursor-! 0 000KeV =
RESERRCH INSTITUTE
0
TUE 22-SEP-87 13:36
Figure D-20. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 30 KeV
for Converter A280/0005L
D-ll
-------
TN-5500 SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE FRI 21-AUG-S7 14:51
Cuf-sor: 0.000KeV = 0
i=r
i
p
r"
L
1
f
i
%
=i
1 :
C M
F
2
B
J
-s
jiilL
_
r
: V'!
B E
R
' - n,-*-- y^ V
E N"
E
Vf4-rv_.-:
N
I
N
ill
lr--w ,/ IV..
1
i
:V
0.000 VFS = 2048 18.240
72 R280/0086L-R 24KEV
Figure D-21. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A280/0006L
Figure D-22. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A280/0006L
D-12
-------
TN-5500 SOUTHWEST RESERRCH INSTITUTE TUE 22-SEP-87 16:3S
Cursoh: 0.000KeV = 0
139 R317/0196-R 24KEV
Figure D-23. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A317/0196
Figure D-24. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A317/0196
D-13
-------
TN-5500 SOUTHWEST RESERRCH INSTITUTE TUE 22-SEP-87 15:47
Cursor: 0.000keV = 0
0.000 VPS = 204S 10 240
155 R317/1115-R 24KEV
Figure D-25. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A317/1115
Figure D-26. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A317/1115
D-14
-------
TN-5500 SOUTHWEST SEARCH INSTITUTE
Curse: - 3 000KeV - 0
FRI '£'5 -SEP -87 10:46
s ! ! : : i
! \
, ! ; j : 1,1
>1
ZM
...NG,
f. >'
in
:
: I, :
j i
c
H
1 i !
ilui..p ; !!.
j .
ii
ft g
f!i s
www ImL../!
M
r
cr
Li
-V > '-j.
J
V
R
U
J
m
0.000
149
= 2048'
10.240
R317/1151-ft 24KEV
Figure D-27. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A317/1151
> i?. f
"
/
X2500
24k V
1 O yt rft
«00 1 1
Figure D-28. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A317/1151
D-15
-------
IN-5500 SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE FRI 25-SEP-87 15:03
Cuhsoh! 0.000KeV = 0
i j
i 1 1 i ! ! 1 i
j
P
R i ! 1 t
J i i i
!
r i t j \
I 1
1 i | I I 1
i j
1 I
!
IM i
i G ;
ij ;
: j H ! ! 1
Pi I C; !
IB A i E: C
: L ! A c I E M .. F
! ,
!
I
y
-j ¦ ¦
\h I n H A; A c
I ! /' A ..
N J
: 1
^ 1 /
\l
; : . . T'.'l'1.'. .-_i Ji ¦ -> i S
3.000 VFS r 4096 10 r.'40
182 R317/1151-R-R 24KEV
Figure D-29. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A317/1151-Rear Face
Figure D-30. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A317/1151-Rear Face
D-16
-------
TN-5500 SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Cuf so!"-' 0 . 000KeV = 0
THE 22-SEP-87 17:03
0.000 VFS = 2048 10 240
136 A337/0151-A 24KEV
Figure D-31. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A337/0151
Figure D-32. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A337/0151
D-17
-------
IN-5500 SOUTHWEST RESERRCH INSTITUTE FRI 25-SER-37 16:12
Cursor: 0.000KeV = 0
Figure D-33. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A337/0227
Figure D-34. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A337/0227
D-18
-------
TN-55G0 SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE FRI 25-SEP-87 11:16
C - - 0 000ke V = 0
H
r
i
i
i
»
i
i
1
1
M j
i
i
i
f
1
t F
H
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1
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!
p
B Ej C
/;
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:'*W
L
ft
U
0.000 VFS = 4096 10.240
95 R337/0227-R-R 24KEV
Figure D-35. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A337/0227-Rear Face
rii '( *>
m :*» * ».m i A*
¦ *. . »4
i v
> /*v ~
- /.
- f .
."V.
** w
X2506
24k V
lOy m
#00 1 2
Figure D-36. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A337/0227-Rear Face
D-19
-------
TN-550C SOUTHWEST RESERRCH INSTITUTE
Cursor: 0.000keV = 0
TUE 01-SEP-S7 14!51
pf!
i
Jfn
iX _l
1
i
i
1
I
(
1
|: i
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1 ¦ :
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A
-r- w': rr :
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1:
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0.000 VFS = 2048 10.^40
133 R240/0007-R 24KEV
Figure D-37. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A240/0007
Figure D-38. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A240/0007
D-20
-------
IN-5500 SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE MON 21-SEP-87 11:20
Cursor: 0 000KeV = 0
135 fi240/0007-fi 30KEV
Figure D-39. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A240/0007A
M0&
mfc:
v ' >*"'¦
f; '¦ - ' "*
"
x2 50 0 3 0 k V
# 0 0 0 5
Figure D-40. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 30 KeV
for Converter A240/0007
D-21
-------
TN-5500 SOUTHWEST RESERRCH INSTITUTE FRI 11-SEP-87 17:02
Cursor-: 0.000keV = 0
152 R240/0270-H £4KEV
Figure D-41. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A240/0270
Figure D-42. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A240/0270
D-22
-------
TN-550B SOUTHWEST RESERRCH INSTITUTE
Cuhsor: ?. 000keV = 0
HON 21-SEP-87 16
R
P
F
I
7T
h
J!
Ill
V.
C"
R
F
E
"N"
I
J
N
N
JL.
,^'v
fl
Vw-. -yf
V,
0.000
142
VFS = 2048 10.240
R240/0270-R 30KEV
Figure D-43. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A240/0270
1 r
W*'
u LT fr'' v
M(MA
"f
*
# ,
/
>
* ' '
M
**¦ " -
Mm > .T
JP* " » *
i "¦* ¦
x 2 5 0 0
i
3 0k'
¦(
« 0 0 0 8
Figure D-44. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 30 KeV
for Converter A240/0270
D-23
-------
TN-5500 SOUTHWEST RESERRCH INSTITUTE FRI 21-RUG-87 14:32
Cursor-: 0.000keV = 0
P
R
1
\
I
n
l| 1
c
R
M
N
N
z
N
R
yA\ \ |
HliV
: : : : r»:*rn.
¦mA
-¦'fK
E
I
X
--v
If
1
1
J,
p
0,000 VFS = 8192 10.240
229 R279/0002Lfl 24KEV
Figure D-45. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A279/0002L
Figure D-46. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A279/0002L
D-24
-------
TN-5500 SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE TUE 18-RUG-87 14:20
Cuhsoh! 0.000keV = 0
=1
F
R
_u
r,1
1.1
SP
lB
c
H
6
R C
3HS
BCB M
N
I
"7
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"RER""N"
' 'M
N
h
N N
I
tK
-*Mi
%f-u.
0.000 VFS = 4096 10.240
164 R273/0002L-R-R 24KEV
Figure D-47. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter 279/0002L-Rear Face
Figure D-48. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A279/0002L-Rear Face
D-25
-------
TN-5500 SOUTHWEST RESERRCH INSTITUTE WED 26-RUG-87 14:27
Jut' soh ! 0 . 000ke'v' = 0
Figure D-50. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A279/0003L
D-26
-------
TN-5500 SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE THU 27-RUG-87 14:27
Cursor: 0.000keV = 0
:
i
'
1
i
j
j
L
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; i
t
i
I
I 1
i i
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t
i J
f in
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0.000 VFS = 4096 10.240
109 Rci79/'0004Lfl j;'4KEV
Figure D-51. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A279/0004L
Figure D-52. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A279/0004L
D-27
-------
TN-5500 SOUTr -El'T RESEARCH
Cursor: 0 000Rev - 0
STITUTE
HON 28-SEP-87 16:3"
A i
:
i'l :
f! : fl
u
JU
!1 ! I
il i!
K l
000
30
/FS = 204-8
H316/0460-1 24KEV
Figure D-53. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A316/0460-1
Figure D-54. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A316/0460-1
D-28
-------
IN-3500 SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Cursor: 0.000keV = 0
MOW 28-SEP-87 17:09
0.000 VPS = 2048 10.240
80 R316/0460-1 30 KEV
Figure D-55. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A316/0460-1
Figure D-56. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 30 KeV
for Converter A316/0460-1
D-29
-------
TN-5500 SOUTH;JEST RESERRCH
C= : 0 3©0k »V = 0
!E"
: M l:
2G Ji
N J :
I >y. :
ir'- ¦ ¦ \ ¦
'l
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in
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i *
:
M
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0.000 VFS = 2048
H S i 0 A-t>l2)cz. zz. 4 f"\ En v*
Figure D-57. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A316/0360-2
10 24.0
Figure D-58. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A316/0460-2
D-30
-------
TN-550C SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE TiJE 29-SEP-87 09:28
Cursor: 0.000! ev - 3
Figure D-60. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 30 KeV
for Converter A316/0460-2
D-31
-------
TN-5500 SOUTHWEST RESERRCH INSTITUTE
Cu^soh: 0.000keV = 0
TUE 23--5EF
03:51
: : u
is
1 I
H
|
i 1 M
: : : i
: : 1
i j]
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; 1
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f
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.Jill
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jl\ i
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liu i
0.000 VPS = 2048 10.240
102 R316/0460-C 24KEV
Figure D-61. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A316/0460-3
Figure D-62. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24KeV
for Converter A316/0460-3
D-32
-------
TN-5500 SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE FRI 25-SEP-87 16:39
Cursor-: 0.000keV = 0
Figure D-64. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A316/0665-1
D-33
-------
TN-5500 SOUTHWEST PESEPRCH INSTITUTE MCN 28-SEP-87 11:18
Curso-: 0.000keV » 0
I
I
: :
i
1 i ! 1 : ; i i
ii
i 1 ; : = : ; ; I j
11
II 1 1 i i 1 1 I
I 1
1
¦H
IU
1,
0,03
H
L
l
;s.l
n
C :
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: ! : .
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. ' K--iA
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til : U .
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z
Ukl
IV A;
* ¦ V.
0.000 VFS = -'048 10 >'40
134 R316/0665-2 24KEV
Figure D-65. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A316/0665-2
Figure D-66. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A316/0665-2
D-34
-------
TN-5500 SOUTHWEST RESEflR'-!! INSTITUTE MOW 28-SEP-87 13:12
I-uf-soh" 0. 033Ke^ = 0
Figure D-68. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 30 KeV
for Converter A316/0665-2
D-35
-------
TIM-5500 SOUTHWEST RESERRCH INSTITUTE MON 28-SEP-87 03:06
Cuhsof-: 0 000keV = 0
H
F
fl
>! 1
k
El
c
M ;
?G '
P
C""
R
C h
mo
F
R
f
4
: : V:
... f
' '(
r
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R n
wJ h
A
E "
N'
I
.-»wV
i
i
J
0.000 VFS = 2348 10.24Q
132 R316/0665-3 24KEV
Figure D-69. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A316/0665-3
Figure D-70. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A316/0665-3
D-36
-------
"N-5500 SOUTHWEST REEEhRCH INSTITUTE MON 28-SEP-37 14:14
Cursor-: 0 .000 KeV = 0
s ;
t !
f i
It ;
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11
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f
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=j
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F
N
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/
1
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aH ,,
E
-y-j'-V.,.
I
.A,
-J
!
L
A.
0.000 VFS = 2048 10.240
IIS R338/0124-1 24KEV
Figure D-71. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A338/0124-1
Figure D-72. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A338/0124-1
D-37
-------
"N-5500 SOUTHWES RESEARCH IKS' "LITE 'rsM 28-SEP-S? 14:54
Cursor: 0.G28keV = 3
Figure D-74. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A338/0124-2
D-38
-------
TN-5500 SOUTHWEST RESERRCH INSTITUTE MON 28-SEP-37 15:59
Cursor: 0.000keV = 0
L
s j
!
i i
! !
-j
!
n
m
i
m i
G
is
i :
H
h\r
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F N
R
1 !
: I
/v
IdVmi
1 E : I
\ j
N
......A
0.000 VFS = 2043 10.24S
30 R338/0124-3 24KEV
Figure D-75. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A338/0124-3
Figure D-76. Scanning Electron Micrograph at XZ500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A338/0124-3
D-39
-------
"4-5500 SOUTHWEST RESEARCH
::uf-5or: 0.000keV = 2
mSTI"
H
H
li :;i
: 4
i
j \ ji :|
5 I: if
i if
if- h:!
¦ ! I: : l
j ! i I i«
E 5 ji ! ; <
j Hi >
r
B"
R
oil
)\m 1 if'tilF
fv] F
'K I f
,r/ --
N
T
J.X
rl
\
f [ \ i i
VPS = 2048 10.240
90 0338/0136-1 *i4KhV
Figure D-77. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A338/0136-1
**¦ v
¦&
-
A- - ¦ *
|00
24 k
Figure D-78. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A338/0136-1
D-40
-------
TNI-5500 SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Cut"-soh : 0 . 000KeV = 0
TUE 29-SEP-87
13:05
R
i L !
j
1
j ;
I
: i
i |
: H
il
f)
i
: 1
i
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t
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i::
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i
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i
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F
I
H
LI
1
i\ H
A.
h U N
E j
,'fv_._.
Wl-r*: : Vr*
-A
000
v'FS = 2048
240
ii4KEV
Figure D-79. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A338/0136-2
Figure D-80. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A338/0136-2
D-41
-------
Figure D-81. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A338/0136-3
Figure D-82. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A338/0136-3
D-42
-------
¦ HNEb I RLbEHRCr
'00 k ev = 0
:/" r
"p
y. \ I
rt-
¦" fc.
H :
B C
H
" 1 V:>v'rvrr/lVr-r- >-
M
I S
""K !'
rtr,*v\*».. v., j
|,A
N
V.,
rtfls
a
L
0.000 VFS = 204S
179 R220/0400ft 24KEV
Figure D-83. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A220/0400
10.240
¦jk
. >
*V
<%.
i
. A
L'' < ' v
-------
TNI-5500 SOUTHWEST RESERRCH INSTITUTE MON 21-SEP-S7 14:02
Cursor: 0.000keV = 0
c
M
B"
R
0.000 VFS = 2048 10.240
157 R220/0400-R 30KEV
Figure D-85. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A220/0400
Figure D-86. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 30 KeV
for Converter A220/0400
D-44
-------
TN-5500 SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE HON 14-SEP-87 10:56
Cursor-: 0.000keV = 0
f
H
R
U
!
M :
h
C
mo
; C C
F
E
R
L-i :
**.: :
..
; B
: h>T?r
M
j"E E
cr
i
E
f
]
i
j ZN
1
! 1
mJk
0.000 VFS = 1024 10.240
29 R230/0649-R 24KEV
Figure D-87. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A230/0649
Figure D-88. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A230/0649
D-45
-------
TN-5500 SOUTHWEST RESERRCH INSTITUTE MON 21-SEP-37 16:32
Cursor: 0.000keV = 0
p
L
i
1
|
H
i
u
A
I
!
4
b
: : W
i
! B
c
c
E
I :
E C
"i\h ?vr
F
E
H
11
:
/:
rf: 1
:
M
ju
rT-n-Ti :
A
'"i; ;Si-
A
--rY-r': : : rr*v
;i
0.000 VFS = 2048 10 240
95 R230/0649-R 30KEV
Figure D-89. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A230/0649
Figure D-90. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 30 KeV
for Converter A230/0649
D-46
-------
IN-5500 SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE TUE 22-SEP-87 14:32
Curse-: 0 . 000KeV = 0
! C r
1
i
f,
: l
: '
i 1
it
.
S 1
i
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I
H
:
: ?
f. . .
u
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I
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1
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i :
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p
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I: j E
Ll.LU
N
R
(J
n y)\
i< : :
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ftrr w
VrVl-yi/:
-j\ Kn-r,
A
-¦n-s* : . ". -j
A
,,J k
1
-r-r|
0 000 VFS = 2048 10.240
132 R230/0734-R 24KEV
Figure D-91. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A230/0734
Figure D-92. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A230/0734
D-47
-------
TN-5500 SOUTHWEST RESERRCH INSTITUTE
Cur sot-: 0 . 000keV = 0
TUE 22-SEP-S7 14:46
R
L
" R j
i
|
!r
:
|V
... 1 : i
V\
1 M
p ! c
mi .i
f
M ! 1
T! *i : 1 '
\ (1 ! ?
M i:
i
\ 1 /
1
'
^ i
E
M
N
E
\
fl
¦ r
M
_-f .
w
: Vr'N.'":"1
\
: m i A
0.000 VFS = 2048 10.2^0
131 He'30/0734-R O0KEV
Figure D-93. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A230/0734
Figure D-94. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 30 KeV
for Converter A230/0734
D-48
-------
TN-5500 SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE FRI 11-SEP-87 10:48
Cuhsoh: 0.000KeV = 0
R
L
PR
u
I
I
.A.
jilt
R
|
k
C
R
B cl
r e;
M
F
E
N
I
N Z
T N
u
JII
i 11! i
~>'y~ 'v/Nnr
N
...A.,
0.000 VFS = 2048 10.240
105 R24S/0092-fl i^4KE V
Figure D-95. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A246/0092
Figure D-96. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A246/0092
D-49
-------
TN-5500 SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE MON 21-SEP-37 14:58
CuhschJ 0 008keV = 0
F
L
I
F
1
H
j;
S
Ifli1 rs
=¦
B
E
H
c
N
R
J\
j.
v
n
t
/n
M
N
F
E
;k
N Z
I N
A
A
J' :
rSl/.
.J'
V
i? A .
. A
1 y. I
:::::: pn
.» ¦
r«rr
1
0.000 VFS = 2043 10.240
116 R246/0032-R 30KEV
Figure D-97. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A246/0092
Figure D-98. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 30 KeV
for Converter A246/0092
D-50
-------
TN-5500 SOUTHWEST RESERRCH INSTITUTE THU 27-RUG-87 16:55
Cuhsoh* 0 000KeV ~ 0
r
\
Li
| ;
i 1 :
|
! ¦
I
?
1
1 ;
H
i
i
{
;
f :
|
\
I i
!J
it
i
i
|
l :::
1
It f ¦'
iij
1
i!
*! -. :
; h'H
; T U c
; \ ; H...
B C"
R E
p
E
T
R
U
j! ]V^T?4'T »~-rr'rr"
i f\
1 "fTS"! '/TKv-rj
.A
A
V
jr:
0 000 VFS = 4096 10.240
187 R246/0092-R-R 24KEV
Figure D-99. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A246/0092-Rear Face
Figure D-100. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A246/0092-Rear Face
D-51
-------
TN-5500 SOUTHWEST RESERRCH INSTITUTE MON 21-SEP-87 11:07
Cursor: 0.000KeV = 0
:R
: U
IS
:
s If
I P :
jfifC
1 c
Pi
1 E
t
mo
c
E
N
I
R
U
j\
W
y\
¦Jh^r
:-r P:ry,-.»ry
rJh,
0.000 VFS = 40y6 10.240
138 0246/0092-R-R 30KEV
Figure D-101. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A246/0092-Rear Face
Figure D-102. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 30 KeV
for Converter A246/0092-Rear Face
D-52
-------
TN-5500 SOUTHWEST RESERRCH INSTITUTE
Cuf soh: 0 000K eV = 0
NED 26-RUG-37 13:28
F
E
1
R
y~:!
},j
sl
!
F
i
ji
R]
L
^
M
!
J
: H
: B
M
N
R
P U
J
! L
y>TL.-;_i'.y :
"N
r V:*'
B
H. '{
V
0.000 V'FS = 2048 10.240
98 R334/0677-fi 24KEV
Figure D-103. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A334/0677
Figure D-104. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A334/0677
D-53
-------
TN-5w00 SOUTHWEST RESERRCH INSTITUTE -PI 21 - RUG-97' 15:49
C'-jt-soh : 0 . 000eV = S
95 R334/0677-R-R 24KEV
Figure D-105. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A334/0677-Rear Face
Figure D-106. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A334/0677-Rear Face
D-54
-------
"N-55C3 EXTHWES- RESEARCH INSTITUTE FRI 25-SEP-87 17:11
r ¦
i
i
| :
'
!
.
1
i
!
i
Ih
p 1 i i ! !
i
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0.000 VFS = 2048 10.24-0
142 A254/0031-fl 24KEV
Figure D-107. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A254/0031
Figure D-108. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A254/0031
D-55
-------
TN-5500 bOUTHNEST RESERRCH INSTITUTE
Cuhsoh: 0.0130k eV = 0
HON 28-SEP-87 10:54
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R254/0031-R-R 24KEV
Figure D-109. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A254/0031-Rear Face
Figure D-110. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A254/0031-Rear Face
D-56
-------
TN-5500 SOUTHWEST RESEARCH; If'".' T- ' ; jN p\ -SEP-87 15:48
Cuhso^: 0.000KeV = 0
0.000 VFS = 2048 10.240
86 R254/0037-R 24KEV
Figure D-lll. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A254/0037
Figure D-112. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A254/0037
D-57
-------
TN-5500 SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Cursor: 0.000keV = 0
MON
21-SEP-87
15:53
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0.000 VFS = 4096 10.240
153 0254/0037-fl 30KEV
Figure D-113. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A254/0037
Figure D-114. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 30 KeV
for Converter A254/0037
D-58
-------
TN-5500 SOUTHWEST RESERRCH INSTITUTE
Cut-so J": 0. 000keV = 0
MON 21-SEP-87 14:46
185 R254/0191 24KEV
Figure D-115. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A254/0191
Figure D-116. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A254/0191
D-59
-------
TN-5500 SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Cuhsor¦ 0.000K0V - 0
MON 21 -SEP -87 14 :38
0.000 VFS = 2048 10.240
155 FI254/0191 30KEV
Figure D-117. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A254/0191
Figure D-118. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 30 KeV
for Converter A254/0191
D-60
-------
TN-5500 SOUTHWEST RESERRCH INSTITUTE MON 28-SEP-87 09:46
Cuf-soF-: 0.000KeV = 0
P
Figure D-120. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A254/0275
D-61
-------
TN-5500 SOUTHWEST RESERRCH INSTITUTE FRI 21-RUG-87 16:22
Cursor: 0.800KeV = 0
1
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171 Rli06/ 0156 -R 24KEV
Figure D-121. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A306/0156
Figure D-122. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A306/0156
D-62
-------
IN-5500 SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE NED 26-AUG-87 13:26
Cur-so!" : 0 . 000KeV = 0
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-------
TN-5500 SOUTHWEST RESERRCH INSTITUTE
Cursor: 0.000KeV = 0
TUE 29-SEP-87 15:2=
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R306/0192 24KEV
Figure D-125. SEM/EDX Spectrum of Converter A306/0192
Figure D-126. Scanning Electron Micrograph at X2500 and 24 KeV
for Converter A306/0192
D-64
-------
APPENDIX E
BET EQUATION VERSUS RELATIVE PRESSURE FOR
OXYGEN SENSORS
-------
MICRQSRITICS INSTRUJENT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFRCE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE! 9/21/87
SflfPLE I.D.: A317/0196
ADS1R6ATE: Nitrogen
SAMPLE WEIGHT: 4.0736 g
BAROJETRIC PIESajIfc: 760 «Hg
NOL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 nnA2
SATURATION PRESSJRE: 775 nrtg
SA*Pl£ TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po
YSX/[(1-X)V]
(*) (VOL)
(cm^S/g AT STP)
5.000 0.12
0.03
0.0490
1.75030
8.860 0.21
0.05
0.0869
1.84578
22.000 0.50
0.12
0.2157
2.24122
BET SURFACE AREA:
0.95 +/-
0.02 B*2/g
SLOPE:
2.9765 +/-
0.1007
INTERCEPT:
1.5969 +/-
0.0138
C:
2.86
Va:
0.22 0*3/9
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9394
2.24122-
X
(l-X)V
0-
0 X=P/Po 0.23
Figure E-l. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure
for Oxygen Sensor A317/0196
E-2
-------
HICRDOITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FloxSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/21/87
SAMPLE I.D.: A317/U57
SAffLE HEIGHT: 3.2500 g
KQL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 nrt.
SAWLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROBETRIC PRESSURE: 760 nHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 imHg
EXPERI«NTAL DATA
(%) (VOL)
VOL ADSORBED
(cT3/g AT STP)
X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
3.860
14.900
22.000
0.41
0.65
0.95
0.13
0.20
0.29
0.0869
0.1461
0.2157
0.75426
0.85560
0.94110
BET SJHFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Va:
2.09 +/-
1.4436 +/-
0.6344 +/-
3.28
0.48 ar^/g
0.14 iTZ/g
0.1382
0.0219
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9954
0.94110-
Y=
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
0.23
Figure E-2. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure
for Oxygen Sensor A317/1157
E-3
-------
MICROMERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlottSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/16/87
SAfVLE I.D.: A316/0205
ADS0RBATE: Nitrogen
SAffLE HEIGHT: 2.7660 g
BARQCTRIC PRESSURE: 760 onHg
MQL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 rta*2
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 mHg
SAMPLE TEMPERATURE: 0.00 C
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
(X) (VOL)
(car^3/g AT STP)
5.000 0.39
0.14
0.0490
0.36568
8.860 0.63
0.23
0.0869
0.41776
14.900 0.98
0.35
0.1461
0.48298
22.000 1.36
0.49
0.2157
0.55949
BET SURFACE AREA:
2.98 +/-
0.08 11*2/9
3JPE:
1.1495 +/-
0.0368
INTERCEPT:
0.3134 +/-
0.0051
C:
4.67
Vn:
0.68 ctr^/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9930
0.55949-
» X
(l-X)V
0-
0 X=P/Po 0.23
Figure E-3. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure
for Oxygen Sensor A316/0205
E-4
-------
MCRONERITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FIonSoHi 2300
ET SURFACE AIEA ANALYSIS
REPORT OflTE: 9/16/87
SRWLE l.D.: 0334/1502
SAMPLE HEIGHT: 4.0128 g
NOL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 raft
SfWLE TEWERATURE: 0.00 C
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
8AR0KETRIC PRESSURE: 7fi0 aiHg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 eaHg
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
VOL ADSORBED
X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X:
(%)
(VOL)
(CM*3/g AT STP)
5.000
0.15
0.04
0.0490
1.37934
8.860
0.25
0.06
0.0869
1.52731
14.900
0.40
0.10
0.1461
1.71667
22.000
0.57
0.14
0.2157
1.93664
BET SURFACE AREA:
0.96 +/- 0.02 nA2/g
SLOPE:
3.3097 +/- 0.0990
INTERCEPT:
1.2281 +/- 0.0138
C:
3.69
Va:
0.22 csA3/g
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9991
1.93664-
Y=
(l-X)V
X=P/Po
0.23
Figure E-4. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure
for Oxygen Sensor A334/1502
E-5
-------
MICROOITICS INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
FlowSorb 2300
BET SURFACE AREA ANALYSIS
REPORT DATE: 9/16/87
SAMPLE I.D.: A310/0298
SAffLE HEIGHT: 2.7919 g
ROL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA: 0.162 mrt
SWWi TEMPERATUIE: 0.00 C'
ADSORBATE: Nitrogen
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 760 «Hg
SATURATION PRESSURE: 775 nsHg
EXPERIKNTAL DATA
<*> (VOL)
VOL ADSORBED
(cnT3/g AT STP)
X=P/Po
Y=X/[(1-X)V]
8.860
14.900
22.000
0.41
0.61
0.84
0. IS
0.22
0.30
0.0869
0.1461
0.2157
0.64794
0.78319
0.91432
BET SURFACE AREA:
SLOPE:
INTERCEPT:
C:
Va:
1.72 */-
2.0619 +/-
0.4734 +/-
5.36
0.39 01*3/9
0.08 11*2/9
0.1146
0.0182
CORRELATION COEFFICIENT 0.9985
0.91432-
X=P/Po
0.23
Figure E-5. Plot of BET equation versus relative pressure
for Oxygen Sensor A310/0298
E-6
------- |