THE CHARACTERIZATION OF PARTICULATE AND OTHER
UNREGULATED POLLUTANTS FROM PRODUCTION AND
PROTOTYPE FUTURE VEHICLE CONTROL DEVICES
Prepared for: Mr. Anthony Ashby, Environmental
Protection Agency, 2565 Plymouth Road,
Ann Arbor, Michigan
Prepared by: Joseph C. Valenta and Michael J. Baldwin,
Dow Chemical USA, Midland, Michigan
January 29, 1975

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Pa9e
I. INTRODUCTION 		1
II. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES	2
III. ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES	9
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 		34
APPENDIX	35

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I. INTRODUCTION
This report summarizes the experimental procedures used,
and the data generated during the course of an investigation
of the exhaust emissions from several government furnished
vehicles. The work was performed by members of the
Functional Fluids R&D group of the Ag-Organics Department,
Dow Chemical USA under the terms of E.P.A. Contract #68-01-0480.
Each test vehicle was operated at 60 m.p.h. steady state
and under the conditions of the 23 minute Federal test
procedure (hot start) and the 41 minute Federal test pro-
cedure (cold start). Vehicle exhaust was monitored to
determine levels of emitted particulate matter including
mass-size distribution concentrations of particulate
associated trace metals, benzo-a-pyrene, sulfure and sulfate,
and levels of gaseous CO, NOx, unburned hydrocarbons,
ammonia and aldehydes.
All data generated is presented in the Appendix to this
report in the form that it was originally given to EPA at
the completion of each vehicle test series.
No attempt is made to draw conclusions from this study
because of the variety of different vehicles tested. It
is anticipated, however, that the data generated will be
of value to EPA in determining an overall emission profile
for the vehicles studied.

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II. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES
1. Chassis Dynamometer Procedures
A Clayton CT-200-0 chassis dynamometer with a variable
inertia flywheel assembly was used in all tests conducted
under this program. A Chelsa direct-drive Model PLDUP-200A
fan was located in front of the test vehicle, and operated
at 1750 rpm providing 18,750 scfm air flow.
The following summary indicates specific procedures employed
to prepare the vehicle for test runs:
A.	General Vehicle Inspection
Exhaust System:
a)	Inspected for holes or cracks, dents, and collapse
b)	Inspected for leaking joints
Engine, checked
a)	All fluid levels
b)	All coolant hoses
c)	Air pump fan, power steering, and belts
d)	Check heat riser (if applicable) for fullness of
operation
e)	Check automatic choke operation and adjustment
f)	Recheck all scope patterns for normal appearance
B.	Instrumentation and Equipment Installation
Thermocouples - installed thermocouples in
a)	Engine oil - dipstick
b)	Coolant - upper radiator hose - engine out
c)	Carb air - air filter element

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Vacuum and RPM monitors
a)	Attached tackometer to ignition coil
b)	Installed throttle cable {if running under cruise
mode)
Wheels
a)	Removed rear wheels
b)	Installed test tires and wheel assemblies to insure
safe operation
C.	Procedure for Cold, Hot Starts, and Engine Temperature
Stabilization
Cold Start
a)	The vehicle was placed on the dynamometer rolls
and the inertia weights set for the test vehicle.
b)	The vehicle was allowed at least a 12-hour soak
period.
c)	The vehicle tailpipe was connected to dilution tube.
d)	The vehicle was started and the individual test
begun.
Hot Start
The hot start procedure was the same as for the cold
start except that the vehicle was warmed up and allowed
to sit for 10 minutes before starting.
D.	The following data was collected at each load condition:
a)	Load
b)	Ambient air temperature
c)	Carburetor air temperature
d)	Coolant temperature
e)	Oil temperature
f)	Barometer reading
g)	Wet and dry bulb temperature

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E . Vehicle Test. Mode
For each test vehicle/ exhaust emission measurements were
conducted under the following test conditions:
a)	60 m.p.h. steady state - 2 hour test run
b)	41 minute Federal test procedure (cold start)
c)	23 minute Federal test procedure (hot start)
2. Particulate Collection
Exhaust particles were collected after air dilution of the
exhaust in the large dilution tube described below. The
entire exhaust stream was fed into the dilution tube for
all tests conducted.
A. Dilution Tube (see Figure 1)
Air dilution and cooling of the exhaust was accomplished
by a dilution tube 16 inches in diameter and 27 feet in
length constructed of extruded polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
pipe in several sections with butt joints which were taped
during assembly prior to each run (Figure 1). The diluent
air coming into the tube was filtered by means of a Dri-Pak.
Series 1100 Class II PIN 114-110 020 untreated cotton filter
assembly. This filter assembly was 24" x 24" and had 36
filter socks which extended to 36 inches in length. This
filter will pass particles 0.3 u in size and smaller. Pres-
sure drop at 6 00 cfm flow rate is minimal. The flow rate of
dilution air in the tunnel was set at 550 cfm for all tests.
Exhaust was delivered to the tube via a tailpipe extension
which was brought into the bottom of the tube downstream
of the filter assembly. The extension was bent 90 degrees
inside the tube, thus allowing the introduction of the
exhaust stream parallel to the tube axis. Within the
dilution tube, along the perpendicular plane of the end
of the exhaust extension was a mixing baffle which has an
8-inch center hole and was attached to the inside diameter
of the tube. The baffle presented a restriction to the
incoming dilution air in the same plane as the end of the
exhaust extension and performed three essential functions.

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Figure 1
Flow Oiqqrom for Engine Exhqust
A i r
out
Exhaust P ipe

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a)	Provided a turbulent mixing zone of exhaust gas and
dilution air.
b)	Eliminated engine exhaust pulsations in the tube.
c)	Caused the tube to perform as a constant volume device
over a wide range of engine exhaust output volumes.
B. Sampling Devices
The particulate sampling zone for particles smaller than
15p was located at the exhaust end of the dilution tube.
Four isokinetic sample probe elbows were located in the
exhaust-air stream. One probe was connected to an Andersen
Impact Sampler Model 0203, a filter assembly, and a vacuum
pump, in that sequence. The probes were 0.754 inch ID stain-
less steel tubes which were located as shown in Figure 1.
A mercury manometer was connected between the dilution tube
probe and the exhaust side of the filter assembly, to mea-
sure the pressure drop across the filter. A flow meter was
used to monitor and regulate the flow through the Andersen
Sampler during the course of each run. Two sample probes
were both connected to 1 cfm Millipore filter holder (142
mm) _fitted with Gelman Type A glass fiber filter pads and
vacuum pumps. The fourth filter was a 47 mm, 1 cfm glass
fiber.
Prior to use, all the filters were stored in an instrument
room which is temperature- and humidity-controlled. The
filters were placed on the tray of the Mettler Analytical
Balance, allowed to reach equilibrium, and then weighed out
to 0.1 milligram (mg).
After the test, the filters were removed from the holders
and again allowed to reach equilibrium, noted by no further
change in weight, and then weighed to 0.1 mg. This was done
in the same room in which the papers were stored. The

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Millipore filter pads used were 142 mm Type AAWP 0.8y. The
fiber filter pads used were Gelman 0.3y Type A.
Andersen Sampler Model 0203 with a back-up 142 mm Millipore
filter was used as the basic particle collection device for
determining mass size distribution. Sample probes sized
to deliver an isokinetic sample from the dilution tube were
connected to the Andersen Sampler through which a proportional
sample was drawn at 1 cfm. The	cut-off values for the
Andersen stages are listed in Table 1. The D^q value is
the size at which 50% of those particles are collected,
while the remaining 50% pass on through to be collected on
the next stage.
Preweighed glass collection plates were used in this study.
Back-up filters were either Millipore Type AAWP 0.8y or
Gelman 0.3y Type A 14 2 mm diameter. Gelman glass fiber
filters were routinely used while the Millipore filters
were used for special analytical applications. Particulate
larger than 15y was evident as gravimetric fallout in the
dilution tube, but was not weighed or analyzed in this
study.
TABLE 1
D50 VALUE - ANDERSEN MODEL 02 03
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
Stage 4
Stage 5
Stage 6

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C. Condensate Collection
Exhaust gas condensate was collected for aldehyde and NH^
analyses. A tap was placed into the raw exhaust gas stream,
as close to the tailpipe of the vehicle as practical (about
12 inches). Raw exhaust was drawn through a three-stage cold
trap at the rate of 1 cfm. The cold trap consisted of
three flasks connected in series containing 40 grams each
of DI water, immersed in an ice water bath. The exhaust gas
flow bubbled through the water in the flasks. Condensate was
collected for 41 minutes during a Modified Federal Cycle Cold
Start, and for 23 minutes during a Federal Cycle Hot Start.
Sampling was terminated at ~25 minutes during steady-state
runs.
The condensate from the exhaust gas was analyzed for ppm of
HCHO and NH^. It was felt desirable to express this analysis
in volume percent to compare to the other components analyzed
in the exhaust gas. The procedure for this calculation is
as follows:
The "Ideal Gas Law" was used:	PV = n RT
v = n RT
P
The total liters of exhaust that was put through the con-
denser was known, the liters of the aldehyde can be calculated
from the formula above, so the volume percent can be calculated.
This volume percent is reported as volume parts per million
in the exhaust.

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III. ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES
Collected exhaust particles were analyzed for both physcial
and chemical character. Detailed descriptions of the specific
analytical procedures employed follow. Table 2 is a summary
of the techniques used on the exhaust emissions.
TABLE
ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES
o2, n2, CO, co2
Total Hydrocarbons
Oxides of Nitrogen
C, H
Benzo-a-pyrene
Trace Metals
Aldehydes
nh3
CO
S04
s
FOR EXHAUST SPECIES
Fisher Gas Partitioner
Beckman Model 109A Flame
Ionization Detector
Beckman UV and IR Analyzer
Pyrolysis
Chromatograph, Fluorescence
Emission Spectroscopy,
Atomic Absorption
Polarography
Steam Distillation, Titration
Analysis was also measured
using 2 different Beckman
Infrared Analyzers. A 0-3000
ppm Model 315 and 0-28 0 ppm
Model 315B.
Two Chemeluminescent Analyzers
were used, a Prototype built
by EPA, Raleigh, N.C. and
a Model A Thermoelectron.
X-ray Fluorescence &
Turbidometric Method
Induced Electron Emission
Method

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2. Exhaust Gases
Engine exhaust gases were analyzed routinely several times
during sampling runs. Schematically, exhaust gas sample
points were shown earlier in Figure 1. The engine exhaust
gas was analyzed for oxygen, nitrogen,,carbon monoxide,
carbon dioxide, and total unburned hydrocarbons. These
analyses were done by gas chromatography, chemical absorption,
and a total hydrocarbon analyzer. Data reduction was via
an IBM 1800 computer through a Bell Telephone ASR 33 Teletype
interface.
A. Hydrocarbons, CO, CC^, Nitrogen and Oxygen
Total unburned hydrocarbons were obtained from a Beckman
Model 109A FID Total Hydrocarbon Analyzer. A Fisher Gas
Partitioner was used for the analysis of oxygen, nitrogen,
carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide. The partition column
consisted of a 6-foot section containing hexamethyl phos-
phoramide and a 6 1/2-foot section containing 13x molecular
sieves in series.
The output of the gas chromatograph was coupled with a
Hewlett-Packard Model 3370A Digital Intergrator which has
an ASCII coded output to drive an ASR 33 Teletype and punch
paper tape.
Sampling
A Neptune Dyna-Pump was used to draw the sample from the
exhaust pipe sampling point through 1/4" OD stainless steel
tubing and transfer it to the total hydrocarbon analyzer
and the gas sampling valve of the gas chromatograph through
1/8" OD stainless steel tubing. A manifold system was pro-
vided to allow the operator to calibrate the equipment with
the appropriate standards.

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Standardization
A gas mixture containing known concentrations of oxygen,
nitrogen, argon, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and
n-hexane was used as a reference standard for the total
hydrocarbon analyzer and the Fisher Gas Partitioner.
Operation
The operator typed the proper computer code and program num-
ber on the teletypewriter, injected the reference standard,
and pressed the integrator start button. As the peaks emerged,
the time and area information was encoded and stored on punched
paper tape. Each succeeding exhaust gas was identified along
with the total hydrocarbon level, and run in the same manner
as the standard. When the series was finished, the punched
tape was sent to the computer by teletype over regular tele-
phone lines.
Data Reduction
A typical output format for the gas analysis is shown in
Figure 2. Identification of the components in the standard
was based upon each peak size in descending order. Estimated
retention time was the updated time of each peak in the
standard. Retention time windows were 4 seconds plus 2
percent of the retention time. Actual percent was a direct
ratio of the area counts in the unknown sample to the area
counts in the standard times the volume percent in the
standard. The total percent actual is normally 97-98 per-
cent since water is removed from the saturated sample after
the sampling valve.
A correction for the unresolved argon in oxygen was made
based upon response factors and the amount of argon found
in a number of exhaust gas samples by mass spectroscopy.

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The actual percent was normalized to 100 percent in the
next column on a moisture free basis, and an Exhaust Gas
Analysis report was issued (Figure 2). The air-to-fuel
ratio was calculated from this analysis, the total hydro-
carbon content, and the percent carbon in the fuel.
B. Oxides of Nitrogen
Equipment
a.	Prototype built by EPA of Research Triangle Park, N.C.
b.	Model A Thermo Electron Unit.
Calibrating Gases
a.	Zero air nitric oxide, 51 ppm and 208 ppm.
b.	These standard gases were purchased from Scott Research
Inc.
c.	Nitrogen was used as zero calibrating gas.
Procedure
a. Before making N0-N02 measurements the instrument was
warmed up. Flow through the loop was balanced according to
the operating procedures described in a report "A Method for
Analysis of Oxides of Nitrogen (NO, N02) in Auto Exhaust"
by John Sigsby, Frank Black, Tom Bellar, and Don Klosterman
of EPA.
The instrument was calibrated as described in the above
report. The zero standardizing was done using zero air and
the up-scale calibration was done using a series of cali-
brating gases with varying levels of NO.
After calibration, the auto exhaust gases were passed through
the analyzer at the same flow rate as used during standardi-
zation. The NO and NO values were read from a digital
x	*
read out meter and recorded.

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FIGURE 2
G. C. ANALYSIS - TECHNICAL DATA -	11-13-73 114
GOV RUN 0279C N0V 13 1973 FINAL
ENG STD 2HRS SS 60MPH HS 0GA472 FUEL ADD WITH C0NV SAT
HC 5. PPM
PEAK	TIME	PCT. VOL.	COMPOUND
N0.
ACT.
EST.
ACTUAL
NORM.
IDENTIFICATION
1
42.
42.
0.000
0.000
COMPOSITE
2
92.
93.
8.892
8.950
CARBON DIOXIDE
3
130.
130.
8.037
8.089
OXYGEN



0.900
0.905
ARGON
4
163.
163.
81.518
82.053
NITROGEN

• • • •
290.

.....
CARBON MONOXIDE
99.347 099.999 TOTALS
0.653	BALANCE BY DIFFERENCE
0.653	TOTAL CONTAMINATION LEVEL
EXHAUST GAS ANALYSIS	11-13-73
GOV RUN 0279C NOV 13 1973 FINAL
ENG STD 2HRS SS 60MPH HS 0GA472 FUEL ADD WITH CONV SAT
HC 5. PPM
TIME
PERCENT
IDENTIFICATION
130.
0.9
ARGON
163.
82.1
NITROGEN
130.
8.1
OXYGEN
0.
0.03
CARBON MONOXIDE
93.	9*0 CARBON DIOXIDE
100.0 TOTAL
FRACTION CARBON IN FUEL 0.8625
TOTAL HYDROCARBON CONTENT 5. PPM.
AIR/FUEL RATIO 23.5

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b. As in the prior procedure, the Thermal Electron Model A
analyzer was standardized as prescribed by the manufacturer.
After calibration, the exhaust gases were passed through at
the same flow as used during the standardization and the
values in ppm of NO and NO were read from the indicating
X
meter and recorded.
3. Exhaust Particles
The collection and classification techniques employed allowed
the calculation of mass emission rates in grams/mile of
exhaust particulate. Additionally, cumulative mass distri-
bution data can be calculated. The specific techniques for
chemical analysis of particulate matter follow:
A. Carbon and Hydrogen
The percentage of carbon and hydrogen in the particulate
was determined by pyrolysis and collection of the combustion
products. An entire 142 mm glass fiber filter containing
the particulate was placed in a large platinum boat. The
boat was then transferred to a combustion tube, and the
sample was combusted at 1100°C for 3/4 hour. Carbon dioxide
i
and water were absorbed in micro absorption tubes and weighed
in the conventional manner. The C and H values were then
calculated from the increase in weight using the given weight
of the particulate.
In general, this technique is quite accurate for carbon and
hydrogen analysis. However, the small sample sizes generated
in a 23-minute cycle make it difficult to obtain precise
results. The inherent inaccuracy of weighings (even using
a 5-place balance) plus the large blank size make the results
of a small sample only meaningful in a gross comparative
sense.

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B. Benzo-g-pyrene
Samples of exhaust particulate were collected on Gelman
142 mm glass fiber filter pads in a Millipore filter holder
operating at 1 cfm. The samples on the glass filter pads
were analyzed for benzo-a-pyrene in the following manner.
When available a sample of at least 10 mg (on either one or
two filter papers) was used for analysis. The filters were
folded and rolled with the particulates toward the inside
of the roll and tied with copper wire. The rolls were
Soxhlet extracted for at least 6 hours (with siphoning four
to six times per hour) with 7 5 ml of benzene. The extracts
were evaporated under a stream of filtered air at room
temperature to approximately 3 ml. This concentrate was
filtered through a M-fritted glass filter into a tared vial.
The flask and filter were washed three times with approxi-
mately 2 ml of benzene for each wash. The combined filtrates
were evaporated to dryness at room temperature with a stream
of filtered air.
The .residues obtained from both sample and blank filters
were weighed and the difference between them designated
"benzene soluble weight" for each sample. The residue was
dissolved in 0.2 ml of methylene chloride and a 10-40 yl
aliquot was spotted in 2 yl increments on a pre-conditioned
Alumina TLC plate along with a known standard of benzo-a-
pyrene in methylene chloride. The TLC plates were condi-
tioned by heating at 120°C for 1.5 hours and desiccating
overnight in a 45 percent relative humidity chamber (satu-
rated aqueous zinc nitrate). The TLC plate was developed in
an unsaturated tank containing 20 ml of ethyl ether in 200 ml
of n-pentane to a height of 15 cm (approximately 45 minutes).

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The benzo-a-pyrene spots were identified by comparison of
's with that of the standard spot under an ultraviolet
lamp. The spots, marked with a pencil, were circumscribed
with a #15 cork borer and scraped from the plate into vials.
All TLC work was performed as much as possible in a dimly
lighted area to avoid decomposition of the benzo-a-pyrene.
Five ml of 5 percent acetone in n-pentane was added to the
alumina in the vial and it was agitated for 15 minutes on a
mechanical shaker. The slurry was filtered through a F
sintered glass filter into a vial, washing the alumina four
times with approximately 2 ml of 5 percent acetone in n-pentane
with a 45-second soak period between each wash. The com-
bined filtrates were evaporated to dryness at room temperature
using a stream of filtered air. The benzo-a-pyrene residue
was taken up in 2.0 ml of concentrated sulfuric acid. This
solution was evacuated for five minutes to remove trapped
air bubbles and its fluorescence was measured in a one-cm
cell at 54 0 nm while exciting at 470 nm on an Amino-Bowman
Spectrophotofluorometer using a #4 slit arrangement and a
sensitivity of 30.
Standard and blanks were carried through the entire TLC
procedure. The blanks were subtracted from all fluorescence
readings and the net fluorescence values for each sample
were used to calculate the amount of benzo-a-pyrene present.
Throughout all steps in the procedure the samples were
refrigerated when not actually being processed and exposure
of the samples to light was kept at a minimum.
C. Trace Metals
Emission spectrometry (ES) and x-ray fluorescence were used
for determination of metals in the particulate. Trace metals
were determined by ES on Millipore filters while lead was
determined as a percent of the particulate collected on
the 142 mm, 1 cfm fiberglass filter.

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Emission Spectrometry
a.	Principle
Organic matter in the sample was destroyed by wet ashing in
sulfuric, nitric and perchloric acids. The resulting solu-
tion was taken to dryness and the resi.due taken up in a
spectroscopic buffer solution containing the internal refer-
ence element, palladium. A portion of the solution was dried
on pure graphite electrodes. The electrodes thus prepared
were excited in an a.c. arc discharge and the spectrum is
photographed. The intensity ratios of selected lines were
determined photometrically and the concentration of each
element read from an analytical curve relating intensity
ratio to concentration.
b.	Apparatus
1.	Excitation - Excitation was obtained by the use of a
2400 volt a.c. arc discharge, Jarrel-Ash Custom Varisource
or equivalent.
2.	Spectrograph - Baird 3 meter grating spectrograph.
Reciprocal dispersion was 5.55 A/mm in the first order.
3.	Developing equipment - Jarrel-Ash Company. Plates were
developed in a thermostatically controlled developing machine,
washed and dried over heat in a stream of air.
4.	Densitometer - Spectral lines were measured with a non-
recording projection-type densitometer. Densitometer Com-
parator, Baird Associates Inc.
5.	Calculating equipment - A calculating board was employed
to convert densitometer readings to log intensity ratios.
Jarrel-Ash Company.

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6. Wet ashing equipment - A micro Kjeldahl digestion rack
was used for wet ashing the organic solvents.
c.	Reagents and Materials
1.	Distilled nitric and perchloric ac.ids. Perchloric acid
is an intense oxidizing agent. Organic matter should not
be heated in perchloric acid unless in the presence of sul-
furic or nitric acid.
2.	Sodium nitrate, reagent grade (NaNO^)•
3.	Palladium diamine nitrite, PdtNH^^ (NC^^-
4.	Water soluble salts of the elements Al, Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg,
Mn, Ni, Pb, Sn, and Zn.
5.	Electrodes, high purity graphite, 1/4" diameter by
3/4" length. Ultra Carbon Corporation.
6.	Photographic plates - Eastman Spectrum Analysis No. 3.
7.	Kjeldahl flasks, 10-ml.
d.	Calibration
1.	0.2182 gm of palladium diamine nitrite Pd(NH^)22
were dissolved in water. Ten ml of concentrated reagent
grade nitric acid were added and the mixture diluted to
volume with water in a 100 ml volumetric flask. This solu-
tion contains 1 mg Pd per ml.
2.	A buffer solution was prepared by dissolving 20 gm of
sodium nitrate in water. 5.0 ml of the palladium solution
above and 7.5 ml of concentrated reagent grade nitric acid
were added and the whole diluted to 100 ml.

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3.	A stock solution containing 0.01% (0.1 mg/ml) each of
the elements Al, Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sn, and Zn was
prepared. Two aliquots of this solution were diluted ten-
fold and one hundred-fold to provide 0.001% and 0.0001%
solutions.
4.	Standard additions of the impurity elements were made
to Kjeldahl flasks as shown in Table 3.
5.	0.5 ml of concentrated reagent grade sulfuric acid was
added to the Kjeldahl flasks and the solution evaporated
to dryness. After cooling, 1 ml of concentrated nitric acid
was added and the mixture was evaporated to dryness again.
The residue was taken up in 5 ml of buffer solution, warming,
if necessary, to put the salts into solution.
6.	The end of the 3/4" graphite electrodes was polished
on filter paper and placed in a stainless steel drying tray.
A drop of kerosene was placed on the top of each electrode
to seal the porosity and the electrode allowed to dry. One
pair of electrodes was prepared for each of the standard
addition solutions by pipetting 0.03 ml of the solution onto
the end of each electrode. The electrodes were dried slowly
over micro burners in a gas drying oven and stored in a
desiccator until run.
7.	The samples were excited in water-cooled electrode
holders using the following conditions:
a)	Current, 4.0 amps, a.c. arc.
b)	Spectral region, 2150-3550A.
c)	Slit width, 50 p.
d)	Electrode gap, 2 mm.

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e)	Pre-burn period, 10 seconds.
f)	Exposure period, 90 seconds.
8.	The emulsion was calibrated by use of a stepped filter
or by other recommended methods described in the "Recommended
Practice of Photographic Photometry in Spectrochemical Ana-
lysis" A.S.T.M. designation: E116, Methods for Emission
Spectrochemical Analysis, (1964).
9.	The emulsion was processed according to the following
conditons.
a)	Developer (D19, 20.5°C), 3 1/2 minutes.
b)	Stop bath (SB-4), 1 minute.
c)	Fixing bath (Kodak Rapid Fixer), 2 minutes.
d)	Washing, 3 minutes.
e)	Drying, in a stream of warm air.
10.	The relevant analytical line pairs were selected from
Table 4. The relative transmittances of the internal stand-
ard line and each analytical line were measured with a
densitometer. The transmittance measurements of the analyti-
cal line pairs were converted to intensity ratios by the use
of an emulsion calibration curve and a calculating board.
11.	Analytical curves were constructed by plotting concen-
tration as a function of intensity ratio on log-log graph
paper. For best results, the average of at least four
determinations recorded on two plates were plotted.
e. Procedure
The available sample was weighed directly into a Kjeldahl
flask. Wet oxidation was carried out with nitric and per-
chloric acid only. Extreme caution was exercised in the use

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TABLE 3
Concentration ml of Standard Addition Impurity Solution
Blank
0.00001%
0.5 ml
0.0001% solution
0.000025%
1.25 ml
0.0001%
0.00005%
0.25 ml
0.003,%
0.0001%
0.5 ml
0.001%
0.00025%
1.25 ml
0.001%
0.0005%
2.5 ml
0.001%
0.00075%
0.375 ml
0.01%
0.001%
0.5 ml
0.01%
0.0025%
1.25 ml
0.01%
0.005%
2.5 ml
0.01%
0.01%
5.0 ml
0.01%
TABLE 4
ANALYTICAL LINE PAIRS

Analytical
Internal Standard
Concentration
Element
Line A
Line A
Range %
A1
3092.71
3027.91 Pd
0.000025-0.0010
Ca
3179.33
II
0.00025-0.010
Cu
3273.96
II
0.00001-0.00025
Fe
3021.07
II
0.0001-0.010
Fe
3020 .64
It
0.000025-0.0050
'Mg
2802 .69
11
0.000025-0.0010
Mg
2779 .83
11
0.0005-0.010
Mn
2933 .03
II
0.0005-0.010
Mn
2794 .82
II
0.00001-0.0010
Ni
3414 .77
II
0.000025-0.0010
Ni
3037 .94
11
0.0005-0.010
Pb
2873.32
¦1
0.0010-0.010
Pb
2833 .07
It
0.00005-0.0050
Sn
3175 .02
ir
0.00005-0 .0050
Sn
2863 .33
ii
0.00075-0.010
Zn
3345 .02
Background
0.0001-0.010

-------
-22-
of this technique. Concentrated nitric acid was added
dropwise, a few tenths ml at a time, to the hot mixture to
aid in oxidation. A few drops of concentrated perchloric
acid may be added to the hot solution after most of the free
carbon has been destroyed, to hasten complete oxidation.
When the solution became water clear, it was evaporated to
dryness. After cooling, 0.5 ml of nitric acid was added
and the mixture evaporated to dryness. The addition of 0.5
ml of nitric acid was repeated and the solution evaporated
to dryness again. The inorganic residue was dissolved in
dilute nitric acid and the volume adjusted to a known concen-
tration, usually 10 mg/ml. If the original sample size was
below 30 mg, a less concentrated solution was usually made
up. Aliquots of this solution were taken to dryness and
then the buffer solution (d2) added in an amount to give a
dilution factor of lOOx. One sample was analyzed by the
direct reader while a second was examined photographically.
Some samples had to be run at factors larger than lOOx in
order to get the concentration for some elements to fall
within the range of the analytical curves. By varying the
sample to buffer ratio any number of concentration or
dilution factors could be achieved. A blank of the acids
used was carried through in the same manner as the sample.
f.	Calculations
The intensity ratios were converted to concentration by
use of the analytical curve.
g.	Precision and Accuracy
Representative precision and accuracy of the method are
given in Table 5. Each of the twelve samples A^,	A^,
B^,	B3'	C2' C3' di' D2' °3' was analyze(^ by means
of duplicate excitation.

-------
TABLE 5
REPRESENTATIVE PRECISION AND ACCURACY OF EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY
Sample
% Al
% Ca
% Cu
% Fe
% Mg
% Mn
% Ni
% Pb
% Sn
% Zn
A1
0.000044
0.00043
0.000048
0.00043
0.00049
0.00046
0.00047
0.00056
0.00052
0.00040
1
0.000052
0.00050
0.000054
0.00055
0.00052
0.00057
0.00055
0.00059
0.00059
0.00045
A2
0.000045
0.00043
0.000046
0.00044
0.00047
0.00051
0.00045
0.00050
0.00053
0.00054

0.000052
0.00037
0.000047
0.00043
0.00050
0.00050
0.00051
0.00051
0.00050
0.00040

0.00004
0.00043
0.000050
0.00046
0 .00053
0.00049
0.00047
0.00052
0.00050
0.00052

0.000052
0.00050
0.000048
0.00046
0.00049
0.00046
0.00048
0.00053
0.00046
0.00012
B1
0.00012
0.00105
0.00012
0.0010
0.00105
0.0010
0.0010
0.00105
0.0011
0.00094
X
0.000097
0.00003
'0.00010
0.00094
0.00095
0.0012
0.00096
0.00098
0.00094
0 .0012
B2
0.000097
0.00096
0.000099
0.00090
0.00092
0.0011
0.0010
0.0010
0.00105
0.00125
£
0.000094
0.00088
0.000095
0.00105
0.00091
0.00066
0.00105
0.00105
0 .00105
0.0010
B3
0.000082
0.00085
0.000095
0.0010
0.0010
0.00086
0.0010
0.0010
0.00099
0.00096
J
0.00011
0.00074
0.000096
0.0010
0.00090
0.00092
0.00105
0.0010
0 .0010
0 .00115
C1
0.00023
0.0023
0.00023
0.0025
0.0023
0.00265
0 .00245
0.00235
0 .00255
0.0014

0.00030
0.0018
0.00028
0.0030
0.0023
0.00195
0.00265
0.00255
0.0027
0.00215
C2
0.00020
0.00225
0.00023
0.0023
0.0023
0.00265
0.0023
0.00245
0.00215
0.00225

0.00023
0.00233
0.00025
0.00235
0.0024
0.00275
0.00245
0.0026
0.0023
0.0030
C3
0.00024
0.0025
0.00026
0.00275
0.0023
0.00245
0.0026
0.0025
0.0025
0.0030

0.00028
0.00275
0.00028
0.00285
0.0024
0.0025
0.00255
0.00245
0.00265
0.0020
D1
0.00074
0.0070
—
0.0035
0.0057
0.0059
0.0065
0.0058
0.0064
0.0058
X
0.00084
0.0084
—
0.0063
0.0051
0.0058
0.0058
0.0045
0.0059
0.0050
D2
0.00059
0.0049
—
0.0057
0.0048
0.0045
0.0056
0.0045
0.0053
0.0050
£
0.00063
0.0057
—
0.0059
0.0047
0.0048
0.0057
0.0048
0.0057
0 .0060

0.0059
0.0048
—
0.0050
0.0045
0.0047
0.0050
0.0043
0 .0054
0.0037
J
0.00053
0.0060
—
0.0055
0.0055
0.0054
0 .0055
0.0049
0 .0049
0 .0041
A, , .
and A^
contain 0
.00005% of
Al and Cu, and 0
.0005% of
each other element
•

"i'
B2, and B3
contain 0
.0001% of
Al and Cu,
and 0.
0010% of each other
element.


c1(
C2/ and C^
contain 0
.00025% of
Al and Cu and 0.
0025% of each other
element.



D2/ and
contain 0
.0005% of
Al and Cu
and 0.0050% of each other ¦
element.


u>
I

-------
-24-
Induced Electron Emissions
The samples were analyzed for sulfur using IEE (Induced
Electron Emission, also known as ESCA "Electron Spectro-
scopy for Chemical Analysis"). In this method of analysis,
the sample was irradiated with x-rays, which produce photo-
electrons, the energies of which are dependent on the
elements present and the valence states of the elements.
The electrons are energy analyzed and counted.
The electron spectrons were measured using a Varian IEE-15
spectrometer. The region of the electron spectrum con-
taining the sulfur 2p line (binding energies from 159 e.v.
to 179 e.v.) was scanned for a total of 1000 seconds (100
ten second scans), using an x-ray power of 1 KW and an
analyzer voltage of 100V, for maximum sensitivity.
Standard Sample Handling: A piece .75" by 1.18" was cut
from the center of each filter and mounted on a 3/8"
diameter by 3/4" long aluminum cylinder with double-stick
scotch tape.

-------
-25-
X-Ray Fluorescence
The samples were received on filter discs measuring 3.5 cm
in diameter. Weight of the samples ranged from 25 mg to
0.3 mg. Due to the small mass of sample on the discs,
data measurements and interpretation was approached with
the idea that each element of interest present on the discs
was as an infinitely thin sample. An infinitely thin sample
is a sample containing the element of interest only on the
surface of the bulk material and having a mass/area concen-
tration less than the experimental relationship of 0.1/p/p
(regult in g/cm ); p/p being the total mass absorption co-
efficient of the sample with respect to the element of
interest. Usually y/p is the mass absorption of the major
element present in the bulk matrice; carbon in the case of
the filter disc, unless large amounts of some metal are
present on the filter disc. Having an infinitely thin
sample, direct comparison may be made on the amount of sur-
face mass "without taking in account matrices effects, greatly
simplifying the data interpretation.
The samples were analyzed by wavelength dispersive x-ray
fludrescence, using a Norelco Philips spectrometer and
associated electronics, at an operating voltage of 50 kilo-
volts and current of 20 milliamps. A tungsten x-ray tube,
LiF crystal, and Nal scintillation detector were used for
the Pt, Pd, Ni, Cu analysis, while a chromium x-ray tube,
EDDT crystal (ethylene diamine d-tartrate) crystal, and
proportional flow counter was used for the sulfur analysis.
For each element analyzed, the radiation was scanned
and measured. Net peak heights for each element were com-
pared with known infinitely thin standards of Pt, S, Ni,
Cu and Pd. In the case where the samples turned out not
to infinitely thin, infinitely thick standards were used
for the comparison with corrections made for sample size
and matrice.

-------
-26-
Turbidimetric Determination of Inorganic Sulfate
a.	Scope
The method is applicable to the determination of 1 to 10
mg of Na^SO^j. See Note 10(a) for types of samples which
can be analyzed.
b.	Principle
An acid solution of the sample is treated with a barium
chloride-gelatin solution and the resulting turbidity is
measured on a spectrophotometer.
c.	Interferences
The interferences would be those which cause a turbidity
in the solution that could not be filtered prior to adding
the gelatin mixture, by highly colored solutions and those
which would normally be encountered in gravimetric analysis.
d.	Safety Precautions
Use caution when handling concentrated acids and wear
appropriate safety equipment.
e.	Apparatus
Klett-Summerson colorimeter equipped with a No. 40 filter
and a 4-cm cell, or a Dow Diagnostest colorimeter equipped
with a 420 nm filter and a digital read-out concentration
meter.
f.	Reagents
1.	Hydrochloric acid (1:1) . Carefully mix equal volumes
of concentrated hydrochloric acid and distilled water.
2.	Barium chloride-gelatin mixture. Heat about 9 00 ml
of distilled water to boiling and transfer the beaker to
a steam bath. Add 25 grams of purified calfskin gelatin

-------
-27-
to the beaker and heat and stir until the gelatin is
dissolved- Add 100 grams of reagent grade barium chloride
dihydrate to the beaXer and dissolve. Cool and dilute to
1000 ml. Add 3 crystals of Thymol as a preservative. See
Note 10 (b) -
3. Sodiu^i sulfate solution/ 1 ml = 1 mg Na^sO^ • Dissolve
1.000 gram of anhydrous sodium sulfate in water and dilute
to 1 liter.
g.	Preparation of Calibration Curve
1.	Transfer 0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0, and 10.10 ml
of sodium sulfate standard solution (1 ml = 1 mg Na^SO^)
into lOO^ml volumetric flasks, add 1.0 ml of 1 to 1 hydro-
chloric acid solution, dilute to about 50 mis, add 2.0 ml
of barium chloride-gelatin solution and dilute to volume.
Mix well and let stand for 5 minutes.
2.	Sera the instrument on distilled water and obtain
readings on the blank and standard solutions. Subtract the
blank solution reading from the others and plot the readings
vs. concentration on graph paper. see Note 10(c).
h.	Procedure
1. Pipet a clear solution of the sample which contains
from 2.0 to 10 mg of sodium sulfate into a 100-ml volumetric
flask. see Notes 10(e), (f), and (g). Add 1 drop of
phenolphthalein solution, neutralize with 1 to 1 hydrochloric
acid solution and add 1 ml in excess. Dilute to about 50
mis, add 2.0 mis of barium chloride-gelatin solution and
dilute to volume. Mix well and let stand for 5 minutes.
See Note 10(d). prepare a blank usinq 1 ml of 1 to 1 hydro-
chloric acid and 2.0 ml of barium chloride-gelatin solution
in 100 ml.

-------
-28-
2. Zero the instrument on distilled water and read the
blank and sample solutions. Subtract the blank reading
from the sample reading and obtain the mg of sodium sulfate
from the calibration curve.
i. Calculation
% Na2S04 =	mg Na2S04
10 x grams of sample
j. Notes
1.	Samples that have been analyzed successfully are brine,
salt samples, 10% caustic samples, aqueous samples, and
Dowfax type materials after extraction.
2.	The gelatin solution is stable for at least three
months.
3.	The curve is reproducible but should be checked occasion-
ally. A new curve should be prepared for each new batch of
gela,tin.
4.	The solutions are stable for at least 30 minutes.
5. For greatest accuracy in determining low amounts of
sulfate in high amounts of other salts, standards should be
prepared from solutions containing equal amounts of these
salts.
6. Acidity appears to be very important in determining low
amounts (1 mg and less) of sodium sulfate. Therefore,
neutralize with 1 to 1 hydrochloric acid to phenolphthalein
and add only one or two drops in excess before adding the
barium chloride-gelatin mixture.

-------
-29-
7. Not more than 5 grams of 50% sodium hydroxide should
be used for analysis. 2.5 grams of 100% or 73% caustic
may be used. Prepare a curve with an equivalent amount
of ACS reagent grade caustic.
k. Precision and Accuracy
The method can be expected to yield results which are
accurate to within 1 to 2 percent relative error. Samples
analyzed gravimetrically and turbidimetrically agreed to
within 1%. Duplicate samples agreed to within 1%.
D. Condensate Analyses
Condensate was collected from the raw exhaust as described
earlier. The condensate was analyzed for aldehydes and
NH^ using the procedures outlined below.
Aldehydes
The analytical method for the determination of carbonyl
compounds in automotive exhaust emissions employed polaro-
graphic techniques. Samples for analysis were collected
from, undiluted exhaust effluent using ice-water cooled
cold traps and via a sample probe welded into the engine
or vehicle exhaust system.
The theory for the polarographic analysis of auto exhaust
condensate is described in detail in an EPA Report APTD 1567
dated March 1973 and is not included in this report. Since
that time a portable hanging drop polarograph was developed
by J. D. McLean and J. F. Holland of Dow Chemical Co. and
was used for all determinations covered in this report.
The procedure for the aldehyde measurements was as follows:

-------
-30-
Procedure
For a typical sample analysis, 0.1 ml of exhaust condensate
was pipetted into a clean, dry 10-ml volumetric flask. Five
ml of pH 4 buffer acetate and 1 ml of aqueous hydrazine
solution were added and then enough DI water was added to
make 10 ml. The preceeding mixture was shaken well and then
transferred to a clean, dry polarographic cell and deaerated
with oxygen-free nitrogen for 5 min. The nitrogen sparger
was lifted above the liquid level in the cell and a nitrogen
blanket was maintained over the sample during scanning. The
electrodes were inspected for trapped air which was removed.
A mercury drop was hung by turning the micrometer knob of
the hanging drop electrode. The first droplet was always
discarded and a new drop formed using a prescribed number of
micrometer units. The number of units for droplet formation
was kept constant. The polarograph was turned on and the
up-scale deflections shown on the digital read-out meter
were recorded. This measurement was made 3 times for each
sample with a fresh mercury drop.
The cell was lowered and 0.1 ml of HCHO (known concentration)
was 'added. The cell was again deaerated as before and a
mercury droplet was formed as before and 3 scans were made.
To correct for the effect of the reagents alone, a blank
was always run to establish the meter up-scale deflection.
These values were substracted from the values obtained
during the scanning of the condensate sample which were
then used for calculation.

-------
-31-
Calculation: (Standard 11.98 g/10 ml)
Sample 38
35	) Ave. of 3 = 34.6 units
36
Sample + HCHO 58 ^
60 / Ave. of 3 = 59.0 units
59 J
or 59.0 - 34.6 units = 24.4 units
Std. 11.9 _ (34.6 - reagent blank) _ ppm Aldehyde
24.4	.1 ml
Table 6 shows a comparison of results obtained from the
portable polarograph and the laboratory polarograph. As
can be seen the results are very comparable.
TABLE 6
COMPARISON OF RESULTS FROM A DIFFERENTIAL PULSE
LABORATORY POLAROGRAPH AND THE PORTABLE POLAROGRAPH
Sample
Laboratory*,
ppm, as HCHO
Portable**,
ppm as HCHO
19IX
17

17

192X
20

22

193X
24

25

194X
71

77

195X
26

29

196X
170

140

CD600-2-50L
170

180

CD600-2-54L
12

15

CD600-2-56L
22

24

CD600-2-57H
93

100

CD600-2-60L
7
.3
7
.8
~Single determination
**Average of duplicate determinations

-------
-32-
b. Ammonia
Ammonia is present in the exhaust gas condensate and is
analyzed in the following manner.
A 5-10 cc aliquot of condensate is added to a 50 percent
potassium hydroxide solution. This mixture is then steam
distilled into an excess of 0.010 N hydrochloric acid.
The excess acid is determined by adding potassium iodide
and iodate and titrating the liberated iodine with 0.010 N
sodium thiosulfate.
This technique is capable of determining ammonia as low
as 0.3 ppm. Figure 3 is a sketch of the apparatus used
for the determination.
The analytical procedures given herein have been adapted
from literature sources or developed upon the basis of
experimental data which are believed to be reliable. In
the hands of a qualified analyst they are expected to
yield results of sufficient accuracy for their intended
purposes. However, The Dow Chemical Company makes no
representation or warranty whatsoever concerning the pro-
cedures or results to be obtained and assumes no liability
in connection with their use. Users are cautioned to
confirm the suitability of the methods by appropriate
tests.

-------
Tuts
Length 36"
Pinch
Tube to
sH>
vacuated
Jacket
Not Over 3 mm
From Bottom
Electric
Heater
FIGURE 3
APPARATUS FOR DETERMINATION OF NH-

-------
-34-
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The authors wish to acknowledge James E. Gentel and 0. J.
Manary for their significant contributions made in carrying
out this study.

-------
APPENDIX

-------
CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER
VEHICLE TEST REPORT #1
Vehicle: Honda Prototype
Test Conditions: Weather: Cloudy and Cold.
Barametric pressure
Room Temperature
Wet Bulb
Dry Bulb
29.76
84°F.
55°F.
80°F.
Relative Humidity 15%
Procedures:
One federal cycle cold start, 2 hot starts, and 1 60 mph
steady state run.
Comments:
Andersen mass size distributions were not done on the hot
starts. No gaseous analyses were done on the federal cyle
runs due to equipment limitations at the time the runs were
made. Special precautions were taken to prevent overheating
of the car, such as additional fans on the exhaust system,
extra insulation between floor and exhaust, and ice blocks
to keep the trunk floor cool.
Signed:
Date:

-------
CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER TEST
CAR NUMBER:
VEHICLE TYPE
FUEL:
CONVERTER:
None
Honda Prototype Car
Lead Free
NO
Grams per 1.61 km (1 mile)
Vehi cl e
Test
No.
Car
Miles
Test
Miles
232
A
None
232
B
None
232
C
None
232
D
None
Test Mode
FC 1975
60 mph
FC HS
FC HS
Andersen
Sampler
.0826
.0050
Fol1ow-up
glass
Filter
.2174
.0180
Andersen +
Fi1ter
.3000
.0230
Glass Filter
142 mm
(Avq. of two) 4 cfm
.0348
. U130
.0267
.0200
.0261
.0114
.0108
.0083
Vehicle
Test
No.
232 A
232 B
232 C
232	D

-------
EXHAUST GAS ANALYSIS
Run
No.
% by Volume
CO.
0,
N.
CO
Parts Per Million
H.C.
NO.
NO
NO.
Exhaust
Condensate
PPM
HCHO
PPM
NH-
232	A
232	B
232	C
232	D
13.6
2.7
82.8
.03
47
750
1.7
64.5
3.5
9.0

-------
ANALYSIS OF EXHAUST PARTICULATE
Trace Metals on Mi 111pore Filter (%)
Vehi cl e
Test
No.
Fe
Ni
Cu
A1
Ca
Mq
Mn
Cr
Sn
Zn
Ti
Rb
*C
%H
%H
%S0,
PPM
BAP
232 A
232 B
232 C
232 D
.2
.23
.04
.046
.2
.186
.08
.09
1.3
1.4
S
3
.28
.27
C. 04
K .04
C. 04
>£.09
<04
<.04
.2
.23
o c
.12
1.3
71.b
9.4
4.8
1.7

4

-------
Kx PROBABILITY	46 8043
VC X 2 LOO CYCLES uot i» u • >. .
KCUFPEL « CSSKR CO
om COS 0.1 0 2 0.5 1 2	S	10	20 SO 40 50 60 70 80	90 95	98 99	99.8 99 9	99 99

-------
K.S- PROBABILITY	46 8043
C X 2 LOO CYCLES kadi in u «.«.
K8UPFKL A (Stilt CO
	I			 % Total in Particles of Diameter 
-------
CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER
VEHICLE TEST REPORT #2
Vehicle: 1973 Opel Diesel
Test Conditions: Weather: Clear and Cold.
Room Temperature
Wet Bulb
Dry Bulb
85°F Relative Humidity: 5.0%
55°F
87°F
Procedures:
One federal cycle (1975) Cold Start, two federal cycle
hot starts, one 2 hours 60 mph steady state.
Comments:
These runs were made before collection of samples for
sulfate analyses were agreed on. No gaseous analyses on
diesel samples are possible because the diesel exhaust fouls
the equipment. Nitrogen was not tested for in the particulate.
S1gned:
Date:
-------
CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER TEST
CAR NUMBER:
VEHICLE TYPE: Opel Diesel, 1973
FUEL: Diesel Fuel
CONVERTER: none
Grams per 1.61 km (1 mile)
Vehi cl e
Tes t
No.
234	A
235	B
235 C
235 D
Car
Mi 1 es
4679
Kilomet
Test
Miles
srs
Test Mode
FC 1975
FC HS
FC HS
60 mph ss
Andersen
Sampler
.0879
.1333
.1333
.0277
Fol1ow-up
glass
Filter
.1783
.2533
.2667
.1786
Andersen +
Fi1ter
.2652
.3866
.4000
.2013
	 Net Gms
Glass Filter Millipore Millipore
142 mm	142 mm
(Avq. of two)
.4343
.3467
.3600
.2042
.2565
.1268
.1400
.2042
4 CFM
.3804
.2933
.3150
.1740
-------
EXHAUST GAS ANALYSIS
% by Volume
Vehicle
Test
CO,
0,
N,
CO
Parts Per Million
H.C
NO,
NO
NO.
Exhaust
Condensate
PPM
HCHO
PPM
NH,
235	A
235	B
235	C
235	D
No gaseous analj
ses on D
iesel Cc.rs
17.8
40.0
18.5
19.4
49.1
38.9
-------
ANALYSIS OF EXHAUST PARTICULATE
Trace Metals on Millipore Filter (%)
Vehi cle
Test
No .
Fe
Ni
Cu
A1
Ca
Mq
Mn
Cr
Sn
Zn
Ti
P.b
%Z
4H
%N
%S0
PPM
BAP
9.4
9.4
3.8
235	A
235	B
235	C
235	D
tube
sweepings
.6
.7
.07
50
<.01
.05
4.01
.18
.1
.3
.05
.25
.1
.3
.02
2.0
1.4
.3
.02
3.0
.2
.6
.04
1.8
.01
.03
<.01
.6
^ .1
4. .1
^.1
.35
Z.l
4.1
^.1
<.1
4 .1
4.1
4.1
<.1
A.l
^.l
<•1
.4
.03
4.2
.02
1.6
14.48
77.08
69.91
2.76
5.61
2.74
-------
k*e r,c
PROBABILITY	46 8043
LOO CYCLES hkoi inbii •
KEUPreL ft CSSCR CO
99 99
to
C
o
s-
u
-------
PROBABILITY
°C X 2 LOG CYCLES mot mult .
46 8043
mk
KCUFFEL » ESSER CO
2 0 1 0 OS 0 01
w
c
O
J-
u
fc.

-------
CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER
VEHICLE TEST REPORT #3
Vehicle: Peugeot - 4 SPd Transmission
Diesel Fuel #2 Ait^co
Date 6/13/73
Test Conditions: Dilution	velocity 420 ft/min = 550 cfm
Barmometric press 29.47	29.50
wet bulb temp. °F 67.0	61.0
dry bulb temp. °F 71.0	82.0
room temp. °F 71.0	82.0 RH-21-25%
Procedures:
Modified Federal Cycle Cold start - 43 min.
Federal cycle hot start - 23 min. 2 runs
1 hour steady state 60 mph hot start
Comments:
Dilution tube and all connecting pipe, etc. was all washed
Clean before run,,tube was dissmantled and fallout was swept
and weighed. .2185 gms were collected which was approximately
1/4 of that which was present.
Si gned:
Date: 7 ^
-------
CHASSIS
CAR NUMBER:
VEHICLE TYPE: Peugeot
FUEL: Diesel fuel, #2 Amoco
CONVERTER: none
Vehicle
Test
No.
252 A
252 B
252 C
252 D
Car
Miles*
6141
6159
6171
6183
Test
Miles*
18
12
12
127
Test Mode**
MFCCS
FC HS
FC HS
1 hr. ss
Andersen
Sampler
.17217
02671
«* Mileage Col = lometers
**MFCCS = modif^-d fed. cycle
FC HS = Fed. cycle hot starl
SS = 60 mph steady state
hot start
DYNAMOMETER TEST
Grams per 1.61 km (1 mile)
Fol1ow-up
gl e ss
Fi1ter
.33478
.37399
.40333
.12244
Net Gms
Andersen +
Fi1ter
.50695
.14915
Glass Filter Millipore Millipore
142 mm	142 nun 47mm
(Avq. of two)	4 CFM
.54043
.38621
.42044
.15843
.43999
.31533
.21999
.14173
.0104
.0071
.0072
.0130
-------
EXHAUST GAS ANALYSIS
Run
No .
CO,
% by Volume
0,
CO
Parts Per Million
H.C.
NO,
NO
NO.
Exhaust
Condensate
PPM
HCHO
PPM
NH,
252	A
252	B
252	C
252 D
602.47
585.55
294.43
253.89
11.08
12.50
4.83
7.28
-------
ANALYSIS OF EXHAUST PARTICULATE
Trace Metals on Millipore Filter (%)
Vehicle
Test
No.
Fe
Mi
Cu
M
Ca
M9
Mn
Cr
Sri
Zn
Ti
Rb
%Z

*N
*S0„
PPM
BAP
252 A
.3
^ .1
.1
<•1
.6
.3
.4

<.1
.3
<.1
<.3
58.06
3.07
0.45

26.0
252 B
.3
<.1
.1
c.l
1.1
.3
.4
<•1
c.l
.5
(-1
£. 3
49.11
2.28
none or
51.0














trace


252 C
.3
c .1
.1
<. 1
1.7
.5
.3
<;.i
<.1
1.0
^.l
<.3
46.38
6.01
0.35

36.0
252 D
.05
<.01
.03
<.01
.3
.06
.06
<.01
^.01
.2
;.01
.03
39.98
4.40
1.01

23.0
-------
K-E
PROBABILITY	46 8043
X 2 LOO CYCLES »oi <¦ u a » •
KKUPPEL & KSftER CO
0 0$ 0 1
-------
K*E
PROBABILITY	46 8043
X 2 LOO CYCLES ..of mil,.
keupfel a esscn co
99 99
in
c
o
t-
o
(-
01
+J
ai
E

u
¦r-
•»->
i.
(O
o.
0 OS 0 1 0 2 0 5 1
99 8 99 9
99 99
-------
CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER
VEHICLE TEST REPORT # 4
Date of test: 7-11-73
Vehicle: RX2 Mazda D1527
Test Conditions: Clear - Mild to cool
Bar.	29.50	29.46
Wet Bulb	60.0°F	56°F
Dry Bulb	82.0°F	67°F
PrS^du5W&iditY	29%	4 5%
Modified Fed. Cycle Cold Start
Fed. Cycle Hot Start (2)
2 hrs. SS 60 MPH HS
Comments:
This vehicle is equipped with a thermal reactor and a reactor
by-pass pipe, both the exhaust and by-pass pipe were connected
to the dilution tube inlet pipe. During the 60 MPH SS-HS
it was noted that the by-pass valve opened after about 10
min. on stream. It also has air pump and EGR.
Signed:	
C .*Date:	/3 !
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT
CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER TEST
CAR NUMBER: RXZ Mazda D1527
VEHICLE TYPE:
FUEL:
CONVERTER:
Grams per 1.61 km (1 mile) .. . _
	c	4	L	Net Gms
Vehicle
Test
No.
Car
Miles
Test
Miles
Test Mode
Andersen
Sampler
Fol1ow-up
glass
Filter
Andersen +
Filter
Glass Filter Millipore Millipore
142 mm 142 mm 47mm
(Avq. of two) 4 CFM
259 A
1115.0
11.5
Mod. Fed C.S.
.12434
.04304
.16738
.83695
.09565
.0011
259 B
1126.5
120.0
60 MPH SS HS
.010759
.01484
.021243
.018367
.012615
.0020
259 C
1148.0
7.5
FC HS
—
—
—
.092887
.15400
.0007
259 D

7.5
FC HS



.114887
.17600
.0008
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT if 4
EXHAUST GAS ANALYSIS
Vehi cle
Test
No.
CO.
% by Volume
N,
CO
Parts Per Million
H.C.
NO-
NO
NO - N
Exhaust
Condensate
PPM
HCHO
PPM
NH,
259	A
259	B
259	C
259	D
11.2
9.7
11.8
11.5
4.6
6.1
3.6
4.1
82.8
81.9
83.0
82.8
0.47
1.56
0.53
0.67
390
630
125
330
156
467
107
128
202
513
160
159
924.55
2341.60
645.42
8.8
32.9
45.0
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT
ANALYSIS OF EXHAUST PARTICULATE
Trace Metals on Milltpore Filter (%)
Glass Fiber Filters
Vehi cle
Test
No.
Fe
Ni
Cu
A1
Ca
Mq
Mr)
Cr
Sn
Zn
Ti
Wx
%so1
i
%z
¦ %\i
%K
PPM
BAP
259 A
1. 2
<0.1
.2
.3
2.7
.7
.1
.2
<0.1
<0.3
<0.1
<0.3

26.39
15.39
5.59
310
259 B
0.3
<0.1
.08
.1
1.7
1.1
<0.05
<0.1
<0.1
<0.3
<0.1
<0 • 3

40.33
7.17
2.45
5030
259 C
0.5
<0.1
.07 -
.1
2.8
.6
.05
.1
<0.1
<0.3
<0.1
<0.3

20.71
15.47
4.60
72
259 D
0.4
<0.1
.04
.1
2.2
.5
<0.05
<0.1
<0.1
<0.3
<0.1
<0.3

40.75
17.11
4.64
98












AA





259
259 B
259 C
259 D











L.O
D. 3
3.7
D. 6





-------
K.V* PROBABILITY	46 8043
Cm X 2 LOO CYCLES haoc in u t a
KEUFFEL ft essen CO
-------
K»E
PROBABILITY	46 8043
X 2 LOO CYCLES ..of i. „ , » .
KeuppeL a esscR co
99 99
2 0.1 0 05 0 01
0 05 0 1 0 2
99 99
-------
CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER
VEHICLE TEST REPORT # 5
Date of test: 7-18-73
Vehicle: EPA William's Gas Turbine
Test Conditions:
Barometer	29.60
Wet Bulb	65.0°F
Dry Bulb	71.5°F
Rel. Humidity	49%
Procedures:
Modified Fed. Cold Start 41 Min.
Federal Cycle Hot Start 23 Min- (2)
1 Hr. SS 50 MPH Hot Start
Comments:
Only 1/2 engine exhaust was used. A 5" SS flexible tube was
used to couple exhaust pipe to exhaust inlet to dilution tube.
There was a possibility of exhaust leakage in the exhaust adapter
which was installed by the EPA people upon arrival. The fuel tank
had to be vented using a 20'1/4" rubber tube due to excess heating
of fuel tank with" exhaust adapters. Steady state run was made at
50 MPH for only 1 hr. due to the fuel tank heating problem.
Had fire department stand by during entire testing period.
NOTE: Could not maintain a 4 CFM flow through the millipore
47MM filtet for the duration of each test.
Signed:
(r
Oate:^CW f*>
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT #
CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER TEST
CAR NUMBER: Prototype
VEHICLE TYPE: Williams Gas Turbine
FUEL: Indolene 0
CONVERTER: no
EPA
Grams per 1.61 km (1 mile)
e h i c 1 e
Test
No.
260 A
260 B
260 C
260 D
Car
Miles
Test
Mi 1 es
11.5
7.5
7.5
50.0
Test Mode
MFCCS
FCHS
FCHS
50 MPH SS
Andersen
Sampler
.26296
.06545
Fol1ow-up
glass
Filter
.48835
.16858
Andersen +
Filter
.75131
23403
- Net Gms
Glass Filter Millipore Millipore
47mm
4 CFM
142 mm	142 mm
(Avq. of two)
.68243	.67617
.7488	.2880
.4707	.2688
.22312	.13882
.0042
.0037
.0027
.0061
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT #5
EXHAUST GAS ANALYSIS
Vehi cle
Test
No.
% by Volume
CO,
0.
N,
CO
Parts Per Mi 11ion
H.C.
NO,
NO
NV Nx
Exhaust
Condensate
PPM
HCHO
PPM
NH,
260 A
260	B
260 C
260	D
2.4
2.3
2.3
2.4
17.6
17. 7
17.7
17.8
79.1
79.1
79.0
79.0
03
03
03
03
10
15
15
10
14/7
13
17
26
17/8
16
19
30
349.05
375.91
80.53
15.14
18.15
28.20
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT §
ANALYSIS OF EXHAUST PARTICULATE
Trace Metals on Milltpore Filter (%)
Vehi cle
Test
No.
260 A	0.3
260 B	0.5
260 C	0.5
260 D	<0.1
260 A
260 B
260 C
260 D
TUBE SWEEPII
Magnetic
Non Mag.
Fe
30
20
Ni
2.0
4.0
*A\ = h
Cu
2
2
:omic
A1
0.4 .06 < .1 1.1
0.7 .12 0.2 3.4
0.6 .07 0.2 3.6
0.3 .08 <0.1 0.7
AA*
<0.6
<0.6
<1.2
<0.3
YGS FOR ALL 4 TI STS I
1
1
Ca
5
5
Absorption
Mq
0.2
0.6
0.7
<0.1
BOVE
.5
.5
Mn
<.05
<.05
<.05
<.05
.4
.5
Cr
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
3
6
Sn
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
Zn
0.3
0.8
1.1
<0.3
2
2
kO.l
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
Ti
.3
.4
<0.3
<0.3
<0.3
<0.3
Rfx
Glass Fiber Filters
%SO,
%C
58.89
54.27
59.73
65.24

10.47
8.92
7.52
11.48

PPM
BAP
2-. 06
0.93
trace
2.45
340
115
100
226
-------
WE
PROBABILITY	46 8043
X 2 LOO CYCLES Haor in u i a
kcufpel a essen co
99 99
99 9 99 8
0 OS 0 1 0
99 99
-------
PROBABILITY	46 8043
X 2 LOO CYCLES »»o( i« u « « .
0.2 0 1 0 05
105 0
99 8 99 9
99 99
-------
CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER
VEHICLE TEST REPORT # 6
Date of test:
7/26/73 & 7/27/73
Vehicle:
Yellow Mazda Rx3
Test Conditions:

Barometer
Wet Bulb
Dry Bulb
21.12
68.0°F
76.0°F
66%
29.20
68°F
80°F
54%
Mod. Federal Cycle Cold Start 41 min
Fed. Cycle Hot Start 23 min (2)
2 Hrs Steady State 60 MPH Hot Start
Comments:
This vehicle is equiped with a thermal reactor which has a
reactor by-pass. Both the exhaust pipe and by-pass pipe were
connected to the dilution tube inlet. During SS 60 MPH it
was noted that the by-pass opened after about 10 minutes on
stream time. The vehicle also has air pump and EGR.
Signed
Date:
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT
CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER TEST
CAR NUMBER:
VEHICLE TYPE:
FUEL:
CONVERTER:
MAZDA RX3 YELLOW COUPE
L
INDOCENE NON LEAD
THERMAL REACTOR-AIR PUMP AND EGR
Grams per 1.61 km (1 mile)
Vehi cl e
Test
No.
261A
261B
261C
261D
Car
Miles
1026.3
1037.8
1045.3
1052.8
* Could
Test
Miles
11.5
7.5
7.5
120
not ma: ntain a 4CFM
Test Mode
MFCCS
FCHS
FCHS
60 MPH SS
Flow for duration of tes
Andersen
Sampler
.105217
.008477
Foilow-up
glass
Filter
.105217
.015895
Andersen +
Filter
.210434
.024372
	 Net Gms
Glass Filter Millipore Millipore
142 mm	142 mm 47mm
(Avq. of two) 	 4 CFM
.117173	.176956 .0014*
.09777	.17599 .0008
.09285	.168667 .0008
.018721	.013069 .0016*
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT # 6
EXHAUST GAS ANALYSIS
Vehi cle
Test
No.
CO.
% by Volume
N.
CO
Parts Per Million
H.C.
NO,
NO
NV Nx
Exhaust
Condensate
PPM
HCHO
PPM
NH,
261A
261B
11.5
5.55
_!U95l
	261C_
261D
J 2 .1 0
3.95
12.90
3.50.
10.90
.1G...55.
5.0
5 ,.0__
83.15
.43
80.45
.20
~83.15~
"47 ~
R3.35
.17
82.50
.71
	82 ..35_
.1.. 125	
170
195
.95 "
_ 75_
465
570__
23 min
LO rain +
505 sec„
Start
finish.
108
114
T3T
JL30_
652
.713
118
123
141
.139	
513
.550	
381.55
253.43
9.32
9.04
1541.^33.
89.37.	
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT
ANALYSIS OF EXHAUST PARTICULATE
Trace Metals on Milltpore Filter (3»)
Glass Fiber Filters
Veh icle
Test
No.
Fe
II
Cu
A1
Ca
Ha.
Mn
Cr
Sn
Zn
Ti
Rb.
%SO,
%C


SN
PPM
BAP
261A
261B
261C
2 6 ID
261A*
261B
261C
261D
TUBE sw:
.3
.3
.2
.5
03
.04
.02
.01
.03
.08
.08
.2 •
,03
.06
.04
,05
.5
1.3
1.5
1.6
.05
.2
.2
.8
1
02
.005
.01
<	.01
<	.02
<	.02
.08
<.01
<	.02
<	.02
.03
<	.01
<	.02
<	.02
.4
<	.01
<	.02
<	.02
<	.01
.1
.06
.06
2.8
2.9
4.5
4.3
1.7
22.71
8.95
16.36
33.91
4.12
2.99
4.38
3.61
5.43
5. 25
5.18
3.83
38
<	40
<	40
250
EPIN
17
<;s
.2
.09
.9
.7
.2
.6
< .05
15
.1
Pb by
ATOM EC AB;30RPT::0N
-------
K.W" PROBABILITY
X 2 LOO CYCLES
46 8043
MAOr in u it
KSUPPEL ft ES9ER CO
99 99
TEST #
0 2 0 1 0 OS 0.01
0 OS 0 1 0 2 0 3 1
99.8 99 9
-------
K*E
PROBABILITY	48 8043
X 2 LOG CYCLES »oi in u t •
KEUFFEL ft ES8ER CO

TEST # 0
2 1 OS 0 2 0 1 0 05 0 01
> OS 0 1
99 8 99 9
99 99
-------
CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER
VEHICLE TEST REPORT # 7
Date of test: 8/14/73 & 8/15/73
Vehicle:
72 EPA FORD with Durability Catalyst
Vehicle No. 24A51
Test Conditions:
AM	PM
Procedures:
Barometer
Wet Bulb
Dry Bulb
RelHumidity
rorpnnrAQ• J
29.34 29.36
65°F	69.5
75°F	82.5
58%	60%
Modified Federal Cycle Cold Start 41 min.
Federal Cycle Hot Start 23 min. (2)
2 Hrs. Steady State 6 0 MPH Hot Start
Comments:
The vehicle was driven up from Ann Arbor without the Catalytic
Converters in the exhaust system. These were installed by
Dow the night before and were not warmed up in any manner prior
to test run.
Date:
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT
CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER TEST
CAR NUMBER:
VEHICLE TYPE
FUEL:
CONVERTER:
24A51 - EPA
72 FORD 351 CID
INDOLENE NON LEAD
DURABILITY CATALYST
Grams per 1.61 km (1 mile)
Vehicle
Test
No.
262A
262B
262C
262D
Car
Miles
Test
Miles
58,448.$ 11.5
7.5
7.5
120.0
Test Mode
MFCCS
FCHS
FCHS
SS 60 MPH
Andersen
Samp!er
.11000
.01274
Fol1ow-up
glass
Fi1ter
.05261
.020467
Andersen
Filter
.16261
.033207
	 Net Gms
Glass Filter Millipore Millipore
142 mm	142 mm 47mm
(Avq. of two)	4
.08131
.05622
.05867
.033209
.13391
.14667
. U8067
.013129
CFM
.0009
. U005
.0005
.0027
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT if
ANALYSIS OF EXHAUST PARTICULATE
Trace Metals on Mi "11 ipore Filter (Si)
Glass Fiber Filters
Vehi cle
Test
No.
Fe
Ni
Cu
A1
Ca
i
Mq
i
Mn
Cr
Sn
Zn
Ti

%so,

J£K
*N
"PPM
BAP
262A
262B
262C
262D
.5
.5
.4
.2
.1
<.1
<.1
<.1
.1
.2
.2
.1 "
<.1
.2
.1
<.1
1.5
2.5
3.6
1.3
.5
.5
.7
.3
<.05
<.05
<.05
< .05
<.1
< .1
<.1
<.l
c.l
« .1
'.1
<.1
<.3
.4
.3
<.3
<.l
<.l
<.l
<.l
2.2
5.9
5.9
0.5

<0.1
8.2
11.91
0.92
5.14
3.42
6.27
5.97
l.bl
2.74
*2.51
2.42
150
34
270
52
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT #7
EXHAUST GAS ANALYSIS
Vehi cle
Test
No.
CO,
262A
262B
262C
2 6 2D
Final

8.9
11.5
11.9
12.6
13.3
% by Volume
N,
8.2
4.. 3
3.6
3.1
2.0
82.0
83.2
83.4
83.4
83.7
CO
0.03
0.03
0.12
0.03
0.03
Parts Per Million
H.C.
45
60
50
7
5
NO
J.
23 min/
41 min
NO
135/
112
151
155
258
271
NV Nx
152/
131
167
168
151
154
Exhaust
Condensate
PPM
HCHO
14.67
9.11
3.10
PPM
NH,
3.37
1.63
0.88
-------
K*I
46 8043
U 1 A.
KSUPPEL a CSSER CO
PROBABILITY
X 2 LOO CYCLES mtx
99 99
ont 0 05 01 02 OS 1
99 8 99 9
99 99
-------
HWE
PROBABILITY	46 8043
X 2 LOO CYCLES imoi inn .
KCUFFCL a ESSER CO
99 99
2 0 1 0 05 0 01
(/>
C
o
s-
u
i-

E
m
¦r-
a
a;
o
t.
<0
a.
8 99 9
99 99
-------
CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER
VEHICLE TEST REPORT # q
Date of test: 8/15/73 & 8/16/73
Vehicle:	72 EPA FOrd with SLAVE CATALYST VEHICLE NO. 24 A51
Test Conditions:
Barometer
Wet Bulb
Dry Bulb
Rel. Humidity
Procedures:
8/15/73
29.49
66°F
84°F
46%
8/16/73
29.54
58°F
69°F
55%
Modified Federal Cycle Cold Start 41 min.
Federal Cycle Hot Start 23 min. (2)
2 Hrs. Steady State 6 0 MPH Hot Start
Comments:
At the conclusion of Test #7 upon cooling the Durability
Catalytic Converter was removed and the slave Catalytic
Converters were installed. These were not warmed up in any
manner prior to test run.
Signed:
Date:
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT
CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER TEST
CAR NUMBER:
VEHICLE TYPE
FUEL:
CONVERTER:
24A51 EPA
72 FORD 351 CID
INDOLENE NON LEAD
SLAVE CATALYST
Vehi cle
Test
No.
263A
263B
263C
263D
* Coulc not reir
Car
Miles
58,598
ove filter paper froir
Test
Miles
120
11.5
7.5
7.5
Test Mode
SS 60 MPH
MFCCS
FCHS
FCHS
Andersen
Sampler
.07897
.03826
Grams per 1.61 km (1 mile)
filter holder in one pi
Fo11ow-up
glass
Filter
.01993
.13869
ece,
Andersen
Fi1ter
.09890
.17695
	 Net Gms
Glass Filter Millipore Millipore
1 42 mm
(Avq. of two)
.03347
.07413
.05867
.03667
142 mm
.02219
.13869
.11733
.0440
47mm
4 CFM
.0008
.0004
.0004
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT # 8
EXHAUST GAS ANALYSIS
Vehicle
Test
No.
CO,
% by Volume
N.
CO
H.C.
Parts Per Million
NO.
NO
N°x- N
274
194
287
196
146
158
205
212
175
	191.
177	
	196
Exhaust
Condensate
PPM
HCHO
PPM
NH,
263A
263B
263C
263D
0.03
0,03
0.03
.0.03,
0.03
.0.03
7.0
_5.0 _
60.0
.. 45.. 0_
„30	
_ 30	
Start
. Final....
23 min
,_41_ min.
26.29
74.04
33.30^
0.74
2.52
.0.47.
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT §
ANALYSIS DF EXHAUST PARTICULATE
Trace Metals on Milltpore Filter (?)
Vehicle
Test
No.
Fe
Ni
Cu
AT
Ca
Mq
Mn
Cr
Sn
Zn
Ti

263A
263B
263C
263D
<.1
.6
.4
1.0
<.1
<.1
<.1
<.1
<.1
.2
.2
.4-
<.1
.2
.2
.4
.2
1.9
3.3
8.0
<.1
.4
.5
1.2
<.05
<.05
<.05
<.05
<.1
<.1
<.1
.2
<.1
<.1
<.1
<.1
<.3
< .3
<.3
.5
<.1
< .1
<.1
<.1
0.3
8.5
5.9
9.5
Glass Fiber Filters

1


PPM
ISO,
95 C
%K
%H
BAP

1.25
5.79
2.33
14

<0.1
4.20
-------
PROBABILITY
46 8043
X 2, LOO CYCLES «Aor in u • i •
KEUPFEL ft KSSER CO.
/)4?
99 99
99 9 99 8
V)
C
o
i-
u
i.
0)
+J
0»
E
-------
PROBABIL,TV
46 8043
X 2 LOO CYCLES N*or hum. •
KeUFFEL ft SS9KR CO

99 99
105 0 1 0 2 0 5
8 99 9
-------
CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER
VEHICLE TEST REPORT #9
Date of test: 8/20/73 8/21/73
Vehicle: Mazda D 1527 Rx2 Silver
Test Conditions:
8/20
8/21
Jtel. Humidity
Procedures:
Barometer
Wet Bulb
Dry Bulb
29710"
68.0°F
82 .0°F
48%
29.53
57 . 0°F
67.0°F
53.0%
Modified Fed. Cycle Cold Start 41 min.
Federal Cycle Hot Start 23 min. (2)
2 Hrs. Steady State 60 11PH Hot Start
Comments:
The equipment is the same as in run #259 A, B, C & D Test #4
Signed:
Date
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT #9



EXHAUST GAS ANALYSIS


Exhaust
Vehi cle








Condensate

% by Volume

Parts Per Mi 11ion



Test







NOx- Nx
PPM
PPM
No.
co2
°2
n2
CO
H.C.
no2
NO
HCHO
nh3
264 A
18: Is


8:83
i§8

182
314
862.9
5.81
264 B
u
8:i

1:31
£38



1385.1
32.50
264 C
11.4
4.2
83.6
0.03
220

180
219
1137.2
8 . bl
264 D
11.4
4.15
83.55
0.03
270

177
208


-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT
CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER TEST
CAR NUMBER: D 1527
VEHICLE TYPE: Mazda Rx2
FUEL: No Lead Amoco Pump
CONVERTER: Thermal Reactor
Grams per 1.61 km (1 mile)
Vehi cle
Test
No.
264 A
264 B
264 C
264 D
Car
Miles
3009.0
Test
Miles
11.5
120.0
7.5
7.5
Test Mode
MFCCS
SS 60 MPH
FCHS
FCHS
Andersen
Sampler
.09087
.008766
Fol1ow-up
glass
Fi1ter
.03826
.012577
Andersen +
Fi1ter
.12913
.021343
	 Net Gms
Glass Filter Millipore Millipore
142 mm	142 mm
(Avq. of two)
.0741
.024011
.11000
.10633
.09087
.022486
.13200
.11000
47mm
4 CFM
.0010
.0059
. u007
.0007
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT *
ANALYSIS OF EXHAUST PARTICULATE
Trace Metals on Millipore Filter (%)
Vehi cle
Test
No.
Fe
Ni
Cu
A1
Ca
MS
Mn
Cr
Sn
Zn
Ti
AA
Rfa.
264 A
.5
<.1
.2
.1
2.0
.5
<.05
<.1
<.1
.3
<.1
3.1
264 B
.2
<.1
.1
<.1
.8
1.2
<.05
<.l
<.1
.6
< .1
2.7
264 C
.4
<.1
.2
.1
2.6
.6
<.05
<.1
<.1
<.3
<.1
2.0
264 D
.4
<.1
.2
.1
2.8
.7
<.05
<.1
<.1
.3
<.1
1.8
Glass Fiber Filters
%SO,
%C
v%K
1SN
PPM
BAP

67.68
14 .88
1.11
60

49.23
6 . 23
2.61
4
720

30.83
8.14
0.68
60

27.38
7.66
0-0
30
-------
K°E 5?
PROBABILITY	46 8043
LOO CYCLES nidi in o l a •
KeurreL a csscr co
99 99
2 0 1 005 0 01
V)
c
o
L.
o
w
(U
+J
<1>
E
<0
0)
u
•r—
4->
J-
-------
K*E
PROBABILITY	46 8043
X 2 LOO CYCLES am n g t I .
KEUFFELA ES«eR CO
9999
0.2 0 1 0 0S

c
o
L.
u
J-
0)
¦M
0)
E

i-
<0
a.
om 0 05 0 1 02 OS I
8 99 9
-------
CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER
VEHICLE TEST REPORT # 10
Date of test: 8/22/73
Vehicle: Pontiac 1972 GM 2477 with 1975 Hardware with
30,768.0 Miles
Test Conditions: AM	PM
Barometer	29.63	29.65
Wet Bulb	60°E	61.5°F
Dry Bulb	76°F	79.5°F
Rel. Humidity 38%	34%
Procedures:
Modified Federal Cycle Cold Start. 41 min.
Federal Cycle Hot Start 23 min.
2 Hrs Steady State 60 MPH Hot Start
Comments:
This vehicle is equipped with Catalytic converter, air pump,
EGR and Double Dyaphram Distribution which is equivalent to
hardware scheduled for 1975. Data from this vehicle can also
be found in previous contract EHS-70-101 March 1973.
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT 0
CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER TEST
CAR NUMBER:
VEHICLE TYPE:
FUEL:
CONVERTER:
Grains per 1.61 km (1 mile)
Vehi cle
Test
No.
265 A
265 B
265 C
265 D
Car
Miles
30,768
Tes t
Miles
11.5
120
7.5
7.5
Test Mode
MFCCS
SS 60 MPH
FCHS
FCHS
Andersen
Sampler
.1100
.008437
Follow-up
glass
Fi1ter
.01920
.015775
Andersen +
Filter
.12920
.024212
- Net Gras
Glass Filter Millipore Millipore
47mm
4 CFM
142 mm	142 mm
(Avq. of	two)
.04300	.04780
.018526	.014307
.02933	.07333
.03144	.06660
. 0008
.0029
.0004
.0005
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT # 10
EXHAUST GAS ANALYSIS
Vehi cle
Test
No.
CO.
% by Volume
N,
CO
Parts Per Million
H.C.
NO,
NO
NV Nx
Exhaust
Condensate
PPM
HCHO
PPM
NH-,
265 A Part .1
265 A Part 2
265 B Start
265 B Final
265 C
265 D
11.7
11.3
12.2
13.2
11.8
11.05
4.3
5.JO
3.75
2.30
3.90
5.15
83.15
82.75
83.15
83.6
83.2
82.75
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
68
80
30
20
60
65
280
445
1327
1335
275
273
342
520
1750
1435
324
356
21.41
23.30
13.27
20.7
17.35
8.49
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT
-»¦ ANALYSIS OF EXHAUST PARTICULATE
Trace Metals on Milltpore Filter {%)
Glass Fiber Filters
Vehi cle
Test
No.
Fe
Ni
Cu
A1
Ca
Mq
Mn
Cr
Sri
Zn
Ti
ft
%S0,

-%K
SN
PPM
BAP
265 A
2.2
<.1
.5
1.1
4.9
.9
<.05
.3
<.1
.5
<.1
6.8

50.60
17.82
2.87
220
265 B
,3
<.1
.2
<.1
1.0
.3
<.05
<.1
<.l
<.3
<.l
0.7

10.66
6.52
12.12
i
30
265 C
.7
<.1
.5-
.5
5.0
1.0
<.05
.2
<.l
.4
<.1
32.1

13.87
12.56
3.78
500
265 D
.8
<.1
.4
.7
4.8
1.0
<.05
.3
< .1
.3
< .1
15.6

6 .87
8.85
00.0
350
-------
K*E
PROBABILITY	46 8043
X 2 LOO CYCLES	i> u i i .
KEUFFCL a E3SER CO
99 99
V)
c
o
{-
u
L.
a;
+J
-------
KoSS PROBABILITY
X 2 LOO CYCLES
46 8043
HADf th U a A
k turret. a cs*ep co
0 05 0.1 0 2 0 5 1
8 99 9
-------
CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER
VEHICLE TEST REPORT #11
Date of test: 9/12/73	9/13/73
Vehicle: Yellow Mazda Rx3
Test Conditions:
Barometer 29.40 29.32
Wet Bulb 59.0°F 58°F
Dry Bulb 78.0°F 69°F
Rel. Humidity 30.0% 51.0%
Procedures:
Mod. Federal Cycle Coid Start 41 min.
Fed. Cycle Hot Start 23 min. (2)
2 Hrs. Steady State 60 MPH Hot Start
Comments:
This vehicle is equiped with a thermal reactor which has a
reactor by-pass. Both the exhaust pipe and by-pass pipe were
connected to the delutron tube inlet. During SS 60 MPH it was
not^d that the by-pass opened after about 10 minutes on stream
time. The vehicle also has air pump and EGR.
Signed:
Date:
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT
CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER TEST
CAR NUMBER:
VEHICLE TYPE:
FUEL:
CONVERTER:
Grams per 1.61 km (1 mile)
Vehi cl e
Test
No.
271 A
271 B
271 C
271 D
Car
Mi 1 es
3356.0
Test
Mi 1 es
11.5
120
7.5
7.5
Test Mode
MFCCS
60 riPH ss
FCHS
FCHS
Andersen
Sampler
08608
01786
Fol1ow-up
glass
Fi1ter
.04782
.01843
Andersen +
Fi1ter
.13390
.03629
	 Net Gms
Glass Filter Millipore Millipore
142 mm
(Avq. of two)
.07412
.02125
.09534
.08800
142 mm
.13391
.03123
.20534
.16867
47mra
4 CFM
.0018
.0037
. 0013
. 0013
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT #11
EXHAUST GAS ANALYSIS
Vehi cle
Test
No.
% by Volume
CO,
0.
N,
CO
Parts Per Million
H.C.
NO-
NO
NV N*
Exhaust
Condensate
PPM
PPM
HCHO
nh3
345.56
10.92
1479.8
36 .0
395.6
27.28
271 A
271 B
271 C
271 D
10.3
18: is
10.3
10. 3
6.0
5.95
6.0
82.45
0.31
150
U-M
8:83

82.55
0.275
135
82.50
0.25
145
IS!
m
142
131
m
183
162
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT i
ANALYSIS OF EXHAUST PARTICULATE
Trace Metals on Milltpore Filter (%}
Vehicle
Test
No.
Fe
Ni
Cu
A1
Ca
Mg
Mn
Cr
Sn
Zn
Ti
AA
P!tk
271 A
.62
<.1
.20
.1
1.5
.54
in
o
•
V
<.l
<.1
.4
<.1
5.5
271 B
.13
<.1
.06
<.1
.4
.50
in
o
•
V
<.1
< .1
.3
<.1
2.4
271 C
.34
<.1
.15"
<.1
1.4
.48
<.05
<.l
< .1
.3
<.l
5.8
271 D
.33
<.1
.17
<.1
1.7
.41
<.05
<.l
<.1
< .3
< .1
6.3
Glass Fiber Filters
%SO.
%C
sSSK

PPM
BAP

27 .81
1.94
1.29
70

39.84
2,37
•3.06
430

17.58
0.80
2.00
110

15.34
1.84
2.90
<30
-------
K-5 PROBABILITY	48 8043
£m X 2 LOO CYCLES	i> v i i. .
KEUFFEL » ESSER CO
nni fins 0 1 0? Q 5 1 2	5	10	20 30 40 50 60 70 80	90	95	98 99	99 8 99 9	99 99
-------
Klg PROBABILITY	46 8043
W£L X 2 LOO CYCLES imdi i> u t a .
.1 oos
>05 0
99 8 99 9
99 99
-------
Test #12
CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER
VEHICLE TEST REPORT #12
Date of test: 10/31/73
Vehicle: EPA Ford 1973 A342-25
Test Conditions:
Barometer 28.96	28.88
Wet Bulb 55.0°F	55.0°F
Dry Bulb 65.0°F	66.0°F
Rel. Humidity 52.0%	50.0%
Procedures:
Modified Federal cycle cold start 41 min.
Federal cycle hot start 23 min. (2)
60 MPH HS SS 2 hrs.
Comments:
The car was driven up from Ann Arbor by EPA people.
Upon inspection prior to test run it was found that the vac.
advance hose to the distributor was off. It was connected
for test runs here.
7 4 r
• i / / / ' n
Signed: . .L • c— * ".A 	 Date:	^
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPOR1. 12
CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER TEST
CAR NUMBER: A342-25
VEHICLE TYPE: 1973 LTD Ford (EPA)
FUEL: Non Lead
CONVERTER: Yes
Grams per 1.61 km (1 mile)
Vehi cle
Test
No.
278A
278B
278C
278D
Car
Mi 1 es
6,861
Test
Mi 1 es
11.5
120.0
7.5
7.5
Test Mode
MFCCS'
60 MPH SS
MFCHS
MFCHS
Andersen
Sampler
.12435
.006222
Fol1ow-up
glass
Filter
.27739
.01830
Andersen
Filter
.40174
.024522
	 Net Gms
Glass Filter Millipore Millipore
142 mm 142 mm 47mm
(Avq. of two) 	 4 CFM
.05978
.011346
.031775
.0268883
119565
01464
036666
021999
.0018
.0029
.0004
.0003
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT #u
EXHAUST GAS ANALYSIS
Vehicle
Test
No.
% by Volume
CO-
0,
N,
CO
Parts Per Million
H.C.
NO.
NO
NO. - N.
Exhaust
Condensate
PPM
HCHO
PPM
NH-,
278A
278B
27 8C
278D
10.0
9.75
11.95
12.15
9.8
9.8
6.5
7.0
3.8
3.85
7.1
7.1
82.45
82.35
83.30
83.15
82.2
82.2
0.255
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
46.0
23.0
19.0
20.0
15/0
19.0
220
252
247
279
1464
1834
1900
>2000
205
317
71.67
149.83
162.71
25.31
7.28
1.91
I
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT 2
ANALYSIS OF EXHAUST PARTICULATE
Trace Metals on Milltpore Pilter {%)
Vehicle
Test
No.
Fe
N1
Cu
A1
Ca
Mq
Mn
Cr
Sn
Zn
Ti
Rk
278A
278B
1.9
0.3
<.05
<.05
.2
.1
.4
.08
3.3
1.4
.4
.3
<.03
<.03
.06
< .05
<.05
<.05
.5
.2
.05
<.05
1.2
<.2
278C
278D-
2.1
<.1
.8
.9
14.0
2.4
<.05
<•3
<.1
1.2
.2
.5
Glass Fiber Filters
%so4
%C
¦%\i
%H
PPM
BAP

<0.1
<0.1
< .01
105

<0.1
<0.1
4.70
10

8.80
0.0
6.00
140
-------
TEST NO.
278A
PERCENT
PLATINUM PLADIUM
<.0535 <.1069
* BY X_RAY
BY TURBIDOMETRIC METHOD
SULFUR*
2.8329
SULFATE**
-------
probability
46 8043
X 2 LOG CYCLES »ot i> u a •
KeUFPEL ft ESiCR CO
99 99
99 9 99 8
n ns n i n 3
99 B 99 9
99 99
-------
probability	46 8043
LOO CYCLES maoc in u l k •
KEUFPEL » E3SER CO
99.99
1 OS 0 2 0.1 0 05 0 01
0 0S 0.1 0.2
40 50 60 70
99 8 99 9
-------
CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER
VEHICLE TEST REPORT # 13
Date of test: 12-20 and 12-21-73
Vehicle: Mazda RX 3
Test Conditions:	AM	PM
Barometer	29.49	29.45
Wet Bulb °F	53	52
Dry Bulb °F	73	74
Rel. Humiidtv %	22	17
Procedures:
Modified Federal Cycle Cold Start 41 min.
Federal Cycle Hot Start	23 min. (2)
2 Hrs. SS 60 MPH HS
Comments:
This vehicle is equiped with a thermal reactor and a thermal
reactor cooling exit pipe side by side at rear of car. During
our tests both of these pipes were connected to the inlet by
the dilution tube. The vehicle also has an air pump and E.G.R.
system. We were interested as to what the compositions of
each exit pipe was. Gaseous analysis of each outlet pipe was
made and. is included with this data.
Signed:
ti ¦ v.
Date
= i/ixM
7/^	
-------
VEHICLE TEST REP0R1 13
CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER TEST
CAR NUMBER:
VEHICLE TYPE: Mazda RX 3
FUEL: indolene 0 No Lead
CONVERTER: Thermal Reactor
	Grams per 1.61 km (1 mile)
Vehi cle
Tes t
No.
284	A
284 B
284	C
284	D
Car
Miles
5373.0
Tes t
Mi 1 es
11.5
120
7.5
7.5
Test Mode
MFC CS
2 hrs. SS
FCHS
FCHS
Andersen
Sampler
.05739
.004933
Fol1OW-up
glass
Filter
.13869
.020488
Andersen +
Fi1ter
.19608
.025421
Glass Filter Millipore Millipore
142 mm	142 mm 47mm
(Avq. of two)	4 CFM
.16500
.022007
.063557
.056220
.20087
.01897
.08067
.05133
.0042
.0015*
.0011
.0005
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT # 13
EXHAUST GAS ANALYSIS
Exhaust
Vehi cle

% by Volume

Parts Per Million

uuriueriba it:
Test







NOx" Nx
PPM
PPM
No.
co2
°2
n2
CO
H.C.
no2
NO
HCHO
nh3
284 A
11.65
4.0
82.9
.58
245
Part 1 *
154
220
592.94
14.03

10.45
5.0
83.1
.49
235
Part 2
258
403


284 B
10.05
6.9
81.85
.75
495
Start
463
519
1564 .1
36.50

10.35
5.0
82.60
1.13
635
Finish
519
555


284 C
11.20
4.75
82.85
0.30
180

137
198
221.95
4.48
284 D
11.45
4.40
82.95
0.27
120

150
176


284 E
10.5
5.55
82.85
.14
40.0

140
162
Exhaust
°ipe Only
284 F
6.4
12.10
80.35
.165
90.0

94
140
By-Pass
Pipe Only
Part 1
First 23
min.








Part 2
Last 505
Sec.








-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT
ANALYSIS OF EXHAUST PARTICULATE
Trace Metals on MilMpore Filter (%}
Vehicle
Test
No.
Fe
Ni
Cu
A1
Ca
Mq
Mn
Cr
Sri
Zn
Ti
Rk
284 A
.4
.05
.i
.08
.8
.4
. .02
.06
.05
.5
.05
1.0
284 B
.2
d
.i
.05
.8
1.2
II
.05
11
.5
11
1.7
284 C
.5
II
.4
•3
3.8
.9
.04
.12
ll
.6
.05
1.7
Glass Fiber Filters
T
%so4
%c


PPM
BAP

23.77
3.73
2a.5
300

27,16
3.76
1.20
190

10.82
3.11
0.0
55
-------
PROBABILITY	46 6043
"C X 2 LOO CYCLES ««oi in g l i.
KEUFF8L a Essen CO
on! 005 0 1 0 2 05 1 2	S	10	20 30 40 50 60 70 80	90 9J	98 99	99 8 99 9	99 99
-------
K.f" PROBABILITY	46 8043
QC X 2 LOO CYCLES «uo> in u i a
KEUPPCL a E99CR CO
-------
CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER
VEHICLE TEST REPORT # 14
Date of test: 1-16-74
Vehicle: 1974 Capri EPA No. 0191
AM	PM
Test Conditions:	,
Barometer	29.15	29.11
Wet Bulb °F	55.0	54
Dry Bulb °F	79.0	74
Rel. Humidity 15.0
Procedures:
Modified Federal Cycle Cold Start 41 min.
60 mph, 2 hrs., SS Hot Start
Federal Cycle Hot Start 23 Min. (2)
Comments:
This car was brought up on a trailer, put on chassis
dynamomter for 12 hrs. soak at 70°F. This vehicle was
equipped with fuel injection and stratified charge, electronic
ignition, hi performance wiring. It also had an air injection
system into the exhaust manifold, however, did not have air
pump.
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT #14
EXHAUST GAS ANALYSIS
Vehicle
Test
No.
CO-
% by Volume
N.
Parts Per Million
CO
H.C.
NO.
NO
N0X-
182
258
251
299
500
556
415
468
224
305
234
312
Exhaust
Condensate
PPM
HCHO
PPM
NH,
288A Part 1
288A Part 2
288B Start
288B Finish
288C
288D
10.6
9.6
8.2
8.3
10.7
10.8
5.75
7.2
9.2
9.0
5.7
5.6
82.75
82.2
81.65
81.8
82.7
82.7
54.0
41.2
33.9
70.2
33.9
33.9
29.0
9.0
4.0
4.0
13.0
13.0
38.86
31.46
29.42
6.53
13.67
0.43
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT 14
CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER TEST
CAR NUMBER: EPA No. 0191
VEHICLE TYPE: 1974 Capri
FUEL: No Pb indolence
CONVERTER: No, but did have thermal reactor
Grams per 1.61 km (1 mile)
Vehicle
Test
No.
288A
288B
288C
288D
Car
Miles
456.0
Test
Mi 1 es
11.5
120.0
7.5
7.5
Test Mode
MFCCS
2 HRS SS
FCHS
FCHS
Andersen
Sampler
.114783
.010623
Fol1ow-up
glass
Filter
047826
,048922
Andersen +
Fi1ter
.162609
.059545
	 Net Gms
Glass Filter Millipore Millipore
142 mm	142 mm 47mm
(Avq. of two)	4 CFM
100435
,057720
,066000
,053778
.401739
.059575
.095333
.058667
.0038
.0015*
.0044
.0009
.006
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT
ANALYSIS OF EXHAUST PARTICULATE
Trace Metals on Milltpore Filter (%}
Vehi cle
Test
No.
Fe
Ni
Cu
A,
Ca
Mq
Mn
Cr
Sn
Zn
Ti
Rk
288A
5,1
.01
.07
.39
.53
.17
.04
.02
<.01
.17
<.01
.3
2B8B
1.9
<.01
.04
.33
.36
.11
.01
.02
i—1
o
V
.06
<.01
.2
288C
1.9
< .05
.5
.69
.62
1.2
.04
.13
< .05
.36
< .05
<.2
Glass Fiber Filters
%so.
%C


PPM
BAP

17.86
4.88
1,66
35

22.03
2.77
'4.96
5

25.71
9.21
8.63
40
-------
TEST NO.
288a
288B
	PERCENT
PLATINUM PLADIUM
* BY X__FAY
BY TURBIDQMETRIC METHOD
SULFUR*
3.1842
15.2955
SULFATE**
6.57
56 .909
-------
K C probability	46 8043
£ X 2 LOO CYCLES madi id i> a i •
KEUFFEL ft ESBER CO
99 99

2 0.1 OOS 0.01
8 99 9
99 99
-------
K.«" PROBABILITY
«_ X 2 LOO CYCLES
46 8043
NASI III I) t I •
KEUPFEL » ESSER CO
99 99
1 0.5 02 0 1 0.0S 0.01

5-
<0
o.
0(11 0 05 0 1 02 05 1
99 8 99 9
99 99
-------
CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER
VEHICLE TEST REPORT # 15 and 16
Date of test: 3/5/74
Vehicle: EPA Cricket TCCS #8
#15	#16
AM	PM	AM	PM
Test Conditions:
Barometer	29.13	29.24	29.22	29.20
Wet Bulb °F	57.5	55.0	57.0	55.0
Dry Bulb °F	80.0	79.0	77.0	77.0
Relative Humidity % 20.0 19.0	24.0 20.0
Procedures:
Modified Federal Cycle Cold Start 41 Min.
(2) Federal Cycle Hot Starts 23 Min.
60 MPH HS SS , 1 Hr., 20 Min.
Comments:
This car was a prototype engine vehicle which was equipped
with fuel injection, electronic ignition, catalytic converter
Signed;	Date:
i/n/u.
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT 15 and 16
CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER TEST
CAR NUMBER:
VEHICLE TYPE: EPA Criket TCCS
FUEL: #214-38-TCCP for Run #15 and Tank #7 445 DC #71-3199 for Run #16
CONVERTER: Yes
Run #15		Grams per 1.61 km (1 mile)
Vehi cl e
Tes t
No.
Car
Miles
Test
Miles
Test Mode
Andersen
Sampler
Foilow-up
glass
Filter
Andersen +
Filter
«ec bms
Glass Filter Millipore Millipore
142 mm 142 mm 47mm
(Avq. of two) 4 CFM
294A
3410.9
11.5
MFCCS
.14347
.13391
.27738
.23674
.33000
.0080
294B
3422.4
7.5
FCHS
—
—
—
.149109
.29333
.0031
294C
3430.0
7.5
FCHS
—
--
—
.146666
.322667
.0033
294D
3437.6
80.0
60 MPH SS
.030054
.06894
.098994
.104009
.117857
.0055*
Run #16









295A
3520.3
11.5
MFCCS
.05739
.23435
29174
.26282
.30131
.0048
295B
3531.9
7.5
FCHS
—
—
—
.435111
.432667
.0044
295C
Abort
—
FCHS

—
—
—
—

295D

120.0
60 MPH SS
.010107
.063529
.073636
.071650
.068582
.0012*
.0073
*Polyca
rbonate
filter r
ledia.






-------
Run #15
EXHAUST
Vehi cle
Test
No.
co2
% by V
°2
ol ume
H2
CO
294A
Part 1
4.65
14.1
80.3
157
Part 2
4.50
14 .-25
80 .35
130

294B
4.30
14.67
80.15
87.1

294C
4.25
14.65
80.10
96.8
294D
Start
5.85
12.5
80.75
24.2
Finish
5.95
12.15
80.9
48.4
Run #16





USING d;
:esel FUE1
i



295A
—
—
—
—

295B
—
—
—
—

295D




VEHICLE TEST REPORT # 15 ar 16
GAS ANALYSIS
	Parts Per Million
c6
H.C.
NO,
NO
NO - N
x x
Exhaust
Condensate
PPM
HCHO
PPM
NH,
60.0
67.0
76.0
87.0
5.0
5.0
150
257
262
343
149
259
159
273
468
594
422
542
524 .6
612.2
1.72
2.14
181.9
1.29
805 .2
1483.7
204 .1
1.32
3.02
.57
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT i 5 and 16
ANALYSIS OF EXHAUST PARTICULATE
Trace Metals on Millipore Filter (%)
Run #15
Vehicle
Test
No.
Fe
Ni
Cu
A1
Ca
Mq
Mn
Cr
Sn
Zn
Tl
Rtx
294A
1.5
.02
.08
.22
1.2
.20
.04
.03
<.01
.08
< .01
.2
294C
0.3
< .01
.11
.09
1.2
.23
.009
.03
< .01
.08
.01
.08
294D
0.6
.02
.04
.12
0.4
.04
.008
<.01
< .01
.08
< .01
.3
#16












295A
0.2
< .01
.09
.08
0.9
.18
.006
.02
< .01
.05
.01
< .03
295B
0.1
<.01
.07
.05
0.9
. 17<
.005
.02
<.01
.04
.01
< .03
295D
0.1
<.01
.03
.06
0.3
. 05<
.005
< .01
< .01
< .03
< .01
< .03
Glass Fiber Filters
%so.
%C


PPM
BAP

31.87
0 .52
1-.17
51

29.34
0
0
100

24 .23
2.69
3.16
6

46.4
2.81
0.89
40

34.1
2.78
0
110

32.51
4.36
2.54
6
-------
	PERCENT
TEST NO.	PLATINUM PLADIUM
294A	<.25	.0375
294C	<.61 <.0303
294D	<.363 .21818
* BY X_RAY
** BY TURBIDQMETRIC METHOD
SULFUR*	SULFATE**
3.5875	7.12
2.8182	6.06
10.8364	31.63
-------
	PERCENT
TEST NO.	PLATINUM PLADIUM
295A	<.4167 .0625
295B	<.4545 .2272
295D	<1.667 .6667
* BY X_RAY
** BY TUPBIDOMETRIC METHOD
SULFUR*	SULFATE**
.8542	1.979
.5682	1.591
65.9167	9.167
-------
K.r PROBABILITY	46 6043
X 2 LOO CYCLES M«or m u « *. •
KEUFreL 6 ES9ER CO
0 01 o 05 0 1 0 2 0 5 1 2	5	10	20 30 40 50 60 70 80	90 95	98 99	99.8 99 9	99 99
-------
K«E
PROBABILITY	46 8043
X 2 LOO CYCLES moi in u l i •
KEUFFEL ft ESSER CO

0 2 0 1 0 OS
U)
c
o
l_
o
i.
a>
+j
a>
E
(O
•r—
a
at
u
•r—
4->
$-
nj
O.
) OS 0
99 8 99 9
99 99
-------
PROBABILITY
46 8043
X 2 LOO CYCLES >.oi i. u i >
KeuFFCL a essen co
99 99
005 0 I 0 2 OS 1
99.B 99 9
-------
I.T- PROBABILITY	46 8043
"C X 2 LOO CYCLES ..tx » „ , >
KEUFFEL & ESSCR CO
• 1		L]	' 		I I I II I I I I I I I	I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I M I M	I 			 M 		|	LJ	1, 1 111	i	 I
0(11 0 05 0 1 0 2 0 5 1 2	5	10	20 30 40 50 60 70 80	90	95	98 99	99 8 99 9	99 99
-------
CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER
VEHICLE TEST REPORT # 17
Date of test: 3/14/74
Vehicle: Mazda RX3	7226.0 miles
m ~ ,•,• AM	PM
Test Conditions: 			
Barometer 29.76	29.75
Wet Bulb °F 4 9	4 9
Dry Bulb °F 72	72
Relative Humidity % 12	12
Procedures:
Modified Federal Cold Start	41 Min.
Federal Cycle Hot Start	23 Min. (2)
2 Hrs. SS 60 MPH HS
Comments:
This vehicle is equipped with a thermal reactor and a thermal
reactor cooler exit pipe mounted side by side at rear of car.
During our test both of these exhaust exit pipes v;ere connected
to the inlet pipe to the dilution tube.
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPOR 17
CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER TEST
CAR NUMBER:
VEHICLE TYPE: Mazda RX3
FUEL: Indolene 0, No Pb
CONVERTER: Thermal Reactor
Grams per 1.61 km (1 mile)
Vehi cle
Test Car
No. Miles
297A
297B
297C
297D
*Polyca
Millip
7226
7237.5
7358.0
7365.5
rbonate
ore Filt
Test
Miles
11.5
120X1
7.5
7.5
Filter
r for
Test Mode
MFCCS
60 MPH SS
FCHS
FCHS
ijor 1 1/4 hrs.
/4 hrs.
Andersen
Sampler
.047826
.003102
F o11ow-up
glass
Filter
.043043
.013962
Andersen +
Fi1ter
.090869
.017064
	 Net Gms
Glass Filter Hillipore Millipore
142 mm	142 mm
(Avq. of two)
.090870
.022300
.068444
.073333
.167391
.029862
.234667
.22733
47mm
4 CFM
.0027
.0014*
.0013
.0008
.0007
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT # 17
EXHAUST GAS ANALYSIS
Vehi cle
Test
No.
% by Volume
CO,
0,
N.
CO
Parts Per Million
H.C.
NO,
NO
NV Nx
Exhaust
Condensate
PPM
HCHO
PPM
NH„
297A
297B
297C
297D
11.7
11.0
9.8
8.9
12.1
11.95
4.05
4.95
6.10
7.60
3.85
4.00
82.9
82.6
82.1
81.8
83.05
83.1
0.375
0.54
1.16
0.85
0.35
0.39
262.0
280.0
630.0
495.0
64.0
124 .0
154
282
440
494
165
161
198
330
516
548
194
194
665.7
706.1
160.9
5.74
10.26
2.14
-------
VEHICLE
TEST REPORT * ?
ANALYSIS QE EXHAUST PARTICULATE
Trace Metals on Milltpore Filter (X)
Glass Fiber Filters
Vehi cle
Test
No.
Fe
Ni
Cu
A1
' Ca
Mg
Mn
Cr
Sn
Zn
Tt
Rb.
%so1
•
%c
...
*N
PPM
BAP
297A
0.5
.03
.06
.06
1.0
.39
.03
.07
< .01
.3
< .01
0.4

33.5
2.95
-0
140
297B
0.1
.01
.06
.04
0.6
.84
.007
.03
< .01
.2
< .01
0.3

42.34
3.92
3.92
300
297C
0.2
<.01
.06
.06
1.4
.38
.01
.04
< .01
.1
.01
0.06

27.2
0.94
0
< 30
-------
	PERCENT
TEST NO.	PLATINUM PLADIUM
297A
297B
297C
* BY X_RAY
** BY TURBIDOMETRIC METHOD
SULFUR*	SULFATE**
1.4815	4.00
10.214	32.86
.7000	4.00
-------
K.W- PROBABILITY	46 8043
v£ X 2 LOO CYCLES ..5, „ a 1 t.
KEUPFELA ESSE* CO
99 99
1 OS 0 2 0.1 0.0S
I ft 9	ft «i	1
-------
K«- PROBABILITY	46 8043
£ X 2 LOO CYCLES madt in u t a •
KEUFFEL ft CSSCR CO
99 99
S 0.2 0.1 0.05 0 01
0 01 005 0 1 02 05 1
99.8 99 9
-------
CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER
VEHICLE TEST REPORT #18
Date of test: 4-18-74
Vehicle: Mazda RX3	9,069.3 Miles
AM	PM
Test Conditions:
Barometer	29.49	29.55
Wet Bulb °F	53	53
Dry Bulb °F	73	73
Rel. Humidity % 23	23
Procedures:
Modified Federal Cycle Cold Start 41 min.
Federal Cycle Hot Start 23 min. (2)
2 Hrs. SS 60 MPH HS
Comments:
This vehicle is equipped with a thermal reactor and a thermal
reactor cooler exit pipe mounted side by side at rear of the
vehicle. During our tests, both of these exhaust exit pipes
wer,e connected to the inlet pipe to the dilution tube. This
vehicle is being used as a test for mileage accumulation here
at Dow running on non lead fuel exclusively.
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT #18
EXHAUST GAS ANALYSIS
Vehi cle
Test
No.
% by Volume
CO,
0,
N,
CO
Parts Per Million
H.C.
NO.
NO
NO.
Exhaust
Condensate
PPM
HCHO
PPM
NH->
298A
298B
298C
298D
11.0
11.2
12.0
12.4
7.1
8.5
5.1
4.7
3.8
3.3
9.6
8.2
82.7
82.7
82.9
83.1
81.5
81.8
0.34
0.56
0.43
0.32
0.53
0.54
242
250
170
60
365
275
95
310
170
165
565
590
115
410
225
210
750
760
540.11
332.78
12.73
17.71
2219.B3
57.27
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT i
CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER TEST
CAR NUMBER:
VEHICLE TYPE: Mazda RX3
FUEL: Indolene No Pb
CONVERTER: Thermal Reactor
Grams per 1.61 km (1 mile)
fehi cl e
Test
No.
298A
298B
298C
298D
Car
Mi 1 es
9,069.3
Test
Miles
11.5
7.5
7.5
12.0
Test Mode
MFCCS
FCHS
FCHS
60 MPH SS
Andersen
Sampler
.052608
Fo11ow-up
glass
Fi1ter
.0027939
.081304
016097
Andersen +
Filter
.133912
0188909
	 Net Gms
Glass Filter Millipore Millipore
142 mm	142 mm
(Avq. of two)
.83695
.066000
.060744
.017295
.105217
.07333
.07333
.015754
47mm
4 CFM
.0016
.0006
.0005
.0015
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT i
^ANALYSIS OF EXHAUST PARTICULATE
Trace Metals on Millipore Filter (%)
Vehicle
Test
No.
Fe
Ni
Cu
A1
Ca
Mq
Mn
Cr
Sn
Zn
Ti
Kb.
298A
.45
<.09
.27
.09
1.81
.55
<.09
<.09
<.09
.27
<.09

298B
.60
<.2
,70
<.2
5.0
.10
<.2
<.2
<.2
<.6
<.2

298D
.22
<.04
.22
<.04
1.D9
1.13
<.04
<.04
<.04
.39
<.04

Glass Fiber Filters
%so4
%c
i

PPM
BAP

23.60
3.10
o-.o
250

22.30
0.60
0.0
300

35.12
3.79
2.29
160
-------
	PERCENT
TEST NO.	PLATINUM PLADIUM
298A
298B
298D
* BY X_RAY
** BY TURBIDOMETRIC METHOD
SULFUR*	SULFATE**
.7313	3.44
1.3833	4.67
1.8267	5.47
-------
K*E
PROBABILITY	46 8043
X 2 LOO CYCLES mil i> u • •
keufpel a essen co

0.2 0 1 0 05
0 01
V>
c
o
i_
(J
i.
o
¦M
0)
E
-------
K.«- PROBABILITY	46 8043
v£ X 2 LOQ CYCLES mm » i> i > .
KEUFFEL ft ESSEH CO
Ofll 0 05 0 1 0 2 0 5 1 2.	5	10	20 30 40 50 60 70 80	90 95	98 99	99 8 99 9	99 99
-------
CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER
VEHICLE TEST REPORT #19 & 20
Date of test: 5-1 & 5-2-74
Vehicle: gm 74 Chevrolet #83031
5-1-74
5-2-74
AM
PM
Test Conditions:
Barometer	29.50 29.65
Wet Bulb °F	54.0	53.0
Dry Bulb °F	70.0	73.0
Rel. Humidity % 33.0 22.0
Procedures:
Modified Federal Cycle Cold Start
Federal Cycle Hot Start 23 min.
2 Hrs. SS 60 MPH HS
AM
29 .50
53.0
74 .0
20.0
41 min
(2)
PM
29 .40
50.5
75.0
9.0
Repeated on
following day
Comments:
This vehicle was towed up from Ann Arbor. It was equipped
with 1975 emissions hardware. Catalylic converter, elec-
tronic iqnition and air valve carburetor.
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT 19 & 20
CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER TEST
CAR NUMBER: GM 83031
VEHICLE TYPE: 1974 Chevrolet
FUEL: Indolene 0 No Lead
CONVERTER: Bead Type
Vehicle
Test
No.
299A
299B
299C
299D
300A
300B
300C
300D
Car
Mi 1 es
3800.7
4159.4
Test
Miles
11.5
7.5
7.5
120.0
11.5
7.5
7.5
120.0
Test Mode
MFCCS
FCHS
FCHS
60 MPH SS
MFCCS
FCHS
FCHS
60 MPH SS
Andersen
Sampler
.09565
.005832
,062174
Grams per 1.61 km (1 mile)
Foilow-up
glass
Filter
005392
.004783
011299
009565
011503
Andersen +
Fi1ter
.10043
017131
071739
.016895
	 Net Gms
Glass Filter Millipore Millipore
142 mm	14 2 mm
(Avq. of two)
.009565
.007333
.007333
.006014
.011956
.012222
.017111
.007369
.014348
.014667
.014667
.003280
.019130
.02200
.029333
.012581
47mm
4 CFM
.0002
.0002
.0001
.0009
.0003
.0005
.0003
.0013
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT i & 20
ANALYSIS OF EXHAUST PARTICULATE
Trace Metals on Milltpore Filter (%)
Glass Fiber Filters
Fe
Ni
3,34
5 .00
5.78
5.50
2.75
1.02
<.34
<.50
<.11
<.25
<.68
<.06
Cu
1.7
4.0-
0.55
1.75
4.08
0.18
A1
.68
1.0
.55
.75
2.04
.12
Ca
15.6"3.00
32.0
5. 7fl
2!.
13.
12.
1.45
50
Mq
6.00
1.22
2.50
6.80
0.30
Mn
<.17
<.25
<.05
<.12
<.34
<.03
Cr
<.17
0.50
0.11
0.50
0.68
0.03
Sri
<.34
<.50
<.11
<.25
<	.68
<	.06
<1.02
1.5
1.1
1.25
2.72
.18
Zn
Ti
<.34
<	.50
<.11
<.25
<	.68
<.03

1.3
1.5
1.2
1.75
0.75
0.23
%SO,
%C
53.60
25.56
8.30
25.91
20.80
8.18

20.17
46.40
5.52
20.71
42.09
4.92

5.11
0.0
11.38
27.70
6.88
11.31
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT #19 &



EXHAUST GAS ANALYSIS


Exhaust
Vehi cle







Condensate

% by Volume

Parts Per Million



Test







NOx" Nx
PPM
PPM
No.
co2
°2
n2
CO
6 H.C.
no2
NO
HCHO
nh3

13.05
2.65
83.2
2250
89

230
310
77.75
6.14
299A
12.95
2.95
83.1
960
49

380
440


299B
13.4
2.40
83.25
600
39

250
310
59.91
3.82
299C
13.7
1.95
83.25
1600
36

330
390



13.05
2.70
83.3
3000+
4

1550
1670
32.07

299D
12.15
3.40
83.4
3000 +
46

860
930

47.78

13.0
2.55
83.3
3000 +
103

275
330

42.96
300A
12.85
3.00
83.15
400
45

410
480
97.43

300B
13.05
2.80
83.25
320
41

240
295
97.80
3.69
300C
13.00
2.85
83.25
240
25

230
285



13.65
2.00
83.40
3000+
4

1420
1540
10.86

300D
13.50
1.70
83.70
3000+
16

1090
1150

2.41
-------
Run Number
Test Mode
Filter
Sample
%covered
299A	MFCCS - 41 min.	53±5
299B	FCHS - 23 rain.	25±8
299D	SS - 60 MPH	79±2
300A	MFCCS - 41 min.,	63±4
300C	FCHS - 23 min.	<20
300D	SS - 60 MPH	60±4
IEE Analysis of Auto Exhaust Particulates
	 Sulfate 		Sulfide
BE(ev)	ggj* height ,so- BE(ev) gg|K Height % s-
168.1	340	2.1±0.4	-	<20	<.05
168	200	2.4±1•1	-	$20	£.1
169.4	3611	14.7±1.6 -	<50	<.07
168.3	362	1.9±0.2	-	$50	$.08
169.3	966	>16	-	<20
169.1	6517	35i5	-	<50	<.08
-------
Lr PROBABILITY	48 8043
i C X 2 LOO CYCLES mr in u -ft a •
KEUFFEt. ft eS9ffR CO
0 01 0 05 0 1 0 2 0.5 1 2	5	10	20 30 40 50 60 70 80	90 95	9S 99	99 8 99 9	99 99
-------
K.f" PROBABILITY	46 8043
X 2 LOG CYCLES madi i.uit
KEUFFEL 6 ES9ER CO
• 1	I			 l i l l ! I i i l i l i i l 			 i i i i i i i I i i I i I II I ¦ i ; I l i I I I ' I I 			L	11111	U	I	LJ	II 1 	1	ll
om 0 OS 0 1 0 2 0 5 1 2	5	10	20 30 40 SO 60 70 80	90 95	98 99	99 8 99 9	99 99
-------
K°S
PROBABILITY	46 8043
X 2 LOO CYCLES a.oi i. g m
K EUPPEL ft E3SER CO
1 0 05 0 01
) 05 0 1
99 99
-------
PROBABILITY
46 8043
X 2 LOO CYCLES masf m v i «
KRUFrtL a Esaen co
-------
CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER
VEHICLE TEST REPORT #21
Date of test: 5-29-74
Vehicle: Audi Fox 80 8442000011 1974
Test Conditions:
Barometer
Wet Bulb °F
Dry Bulb °F
29.18
63.0
74 .0
Rel. Humidity % 54
Procedures:
Modified Federal Cycle Cold Start 41 min.
Federal Cycle Hot Start 23 min.
Comments:
This car was brought up on a trailer. The vehicle was a
front wheel drive Audi Fox equipped with fuel injection
EGR, special spark plugs and catalytic converter. It had
a, 4 speed transmission and radial ply tires. The humidity
was very high and there was some doubt whether a reliable
test could be lnade. There was no moisture detected in the
rotameters during the test period. The humidity monitor at
the sampling zone read very high during all phases of the
tests. Due to the tight schedule for the car, it could not
be held over to run on the following day. Two representatives
ied the car and observed the
Date
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT 1
CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER TEST
CAR NUMBER: 8442000011
VEHICLE TYPE: Audi Fox 80
FUEL: Non Lead
CONVERTER: Oxidation
Grams per 1.61 km (1 mile)
Vehi cle
Test
No.
301A
301B
2076-1-61A
62A
Car
Mi 1 es
2187.9
2198.9
Test
Mi 1 es
11.5
7.5
Test Mode
MFCCS
FCHS
Andersen
Sampler
.062174
Fol1ow-up
glass
Filter
.009565
Andersen +
Filter
.071739
	 Net Gms
Glass Filter Millipore Millipore
142 mm	142 mm 47mm
(Avq. of two)	4 CFM
.021521
.024444
.028696
.036667
.0005
.0003
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT #21
Vehi cle
Test
No.
% by Volume
EXHAUST GAS ANALYSIS
Parts Per Million
CO.
0.
N.
CO
H.C
U.
NO.
NO
NV Nx
Exhaust
Condensate
PPM
HCHO
PPM
NH,
301A Part 1
Part 2
301B
13.3
13.4
13.7
2.10
2.15
1.70
83.55
83.5
83.6
1250
230
200
41.0
29.0
24.0
245
280
275
335
250
270
55.86
65.72
74 .48
23.10
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT tf
ANALYSIS OF EXHAUST PARTICULATE
Trace Metals on Millipore Filter (%)
Glass Fiber Filters
Vehicle	'
Test
No.
Fe
Ni
Cu
A1
Ca

Mn
Cr
Sn
Zn
Ti
Rb.
_%SOA
%c


PPM
BAP
301A
3
<.1
1.0
.5
9.0
2.0
<.1
.3
<.1
.7
.1
.5

5.20
1.00
12.25
160
301B
2
<.1
2.0-
.6
13.0
3.0
.1
.4
.1
.7
.1
< .3

18 .23
3.90
5.35
700
-------
Run Number
Test Mode
Filter
Sample
%covered
301A
301B
MFCCS - 41 min. 40±6
FCHS - 23 min.	>20
IEE Analysis of Auto Exhaust Particulates
Sulfate	Sulfide
BE
(ev) ggf height tsQ? BE(ev) Pg|K Height % «.=
169 .3 600	4 .8± .9 vL62	%60 .15±.08
169.4 470	>8	M.62	$50
-------
M.r PROBABILITY	46 8043
£ X 2 LOO CYCLES nidi ihm i •
? 0.1 0 05 0 01
0 OS 0 1 0 2
-------
CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER
VEHICLE TEST REPORT #22
Date of test: 9-4-74
Vehicle: Mazda RX3	14,351.0
FINAL
Test Conditions: Barometer	29.6 0
Wet Bulb °F	53.0
Dry Bulb °F	66.0
Rel. Humidity 36.0%
Procedures:
Modified Federal Cycle Cold Start	41 min.
Federal Cycle Hot Start	23 min. (2)
2 Hrs. SS 6 0JS'PH H£
Conunen ts:
This vehicle is equipped with a thermal reactor and a thermal
reactor cooler exit pipes mounted side by side at the rear of
the vehicle. During our tests, both of these pipes were
connected to the inlet pipe which is connected to the dilution
tube. This vehicle is being used in a study for the effects
of mileage accumulation on exhaust emissions.
29.64
58.0
75.0
34 .0%
Signed:
J)/LltutjT	 _ Date: /6/3//7Y
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORr 22
CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER TEST
CAR NUMBER:
VEHICLE TYPE: Mazda RX3
FUEL: no pb
14351.0
CONVERTER:
Thermal Reactor
Grams per 1.61 km (1 mile)
Vehicle
Test
No.
302A
302B
302C
302D
Car
Miles
14351.0
Tes t
Miles
11.5
120.0
7.5
7.5
Test Mode
MFCCS
60 MPH SS
FCHS
FCHS
Andersen
Sampler
.0861
.0068
Fol1ow-up
glass
Filter
.1004
.0181
Andersen +
Filter
.1865
.0249
Glass Filter Millipore
142 mm	142 mm
(Avq. of two)
.1196
.1004
.0153
.0130
.0513
.0734
.0464
.0806
- Net Gms
Millipor
47mm
4 CFM
.0031
.0013
.0005
.0007
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT # 22



EXHAUST GAS ANALYSIS


Exhaust
Vehi cle








Condensate

% by Volume

Parts Per Million



Test




C6



PPM
PPM
No.
co2
°2
n2
CO
H.C.
no2
NO
NO - N
X X
HCHO
nh3
302A
12.80
3.25
83.15
.03
250

160
310
567.9


10.85
5.30
83.10
.03
290

180
360

7.24
302B
9.35
7.05
82.80
.03
330

1000
1200
1034.2


9. 95
6.35
82.85
.03
225

1150
1320 • -

51.20
302C
12.25
3.40
83.50
.03
115

187
230
207 .0
6 .70
302D
12.65
3.10
83.05
.32
127

175
205
—












-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT 2
ANALYSIS OF EXHAUST PARTICULATE
Trace Metals on Milltpore Filter (%)
Glass Fiber Filters
Vehi cle
Test
No.
Fe
Ni
Cu
A1
Ca
Mq
Mn
Cr
Sn
Zn '
T1
Rk
%so1

*JSK
*N
PPM
BAP
302A
0.9
<0.1
,2S
.16
2.6
1.7
< .05
<0 .1
<0 .1
l.i
<0.1
1.5

18 .06
4.50
3.88
620
302B
0.8
<0.1
.15-
<0.1
1.4
1.1
< .05
<0.1
<0.1
<0.3
<0.1
0.6

24 .62
4.63
3.09
150
302C
0.7
<0.1
.45
.17
4.8
1.0
<.05
<0.1
<0.1
<0.3
<0.1
<0.3

17.80
4.35
0 .63
610
-------
Run Number Test Mode
Filter
Sample
%covered
302A	MFCCS - 41 min. ^gg
302B	SS - 60 MPH	>g?
302C	FCHS - 23 min.	>gg
IEE Analysis of Auto Exhaust Particulates
	Sulfate			Sulfide	
BE(ev) cB§k height %S04 BE(ev) gg|K Height % s=
168.6
470
1.5±0.2
^164
*100
. 1± .05
168.9
1420
4.6±0.5
*164
*230
. 2±.05
168
260
0.8±0 .2
*163
*70
. 1±.05
-------
K./C PROBABILITY	46 8043
£ X 2 LOG CYCLES H«of hum •
KCUFPEU » CSSIH CO
99 99
99 9 99 B
0.2 0.1 0 05
oni 005 o
8 99 9
-------
Lg PROBABILITY	46 8043
i £ X Z LOG CYCLES »oi i. u . a
KCUFFCL » £S«EK CO
-------
CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER
VEHICLE TEST REPORT #23, 24, and 25
Date of test:
9-12, 9-13 and 9-16
Vehicle: DuPont Pinto with Pb trap
Date
Test Conditions:
Barometer
Wet Bulb °F
Dry Buld °F
9/12
9/13
9/16
29. 30
29.40
29.60

70
80
61
60
72
49
58
74
36
Modified Federal Cycle
AMA Durability Cycle
Comments:
The vehicle was driven up from DuPont by Mr. G. W. Kunz' wh°
stayed to observe the setting up and the first day of testing.
Because of the high humidity, the tests could not be completed
while he was here. The fuel, a special lead blend, was
supplied by Ann"Arbor EPA as was the driving cycle promptor.
The dilution flow was 550 CFM at 420 F/min velocity. The
particulate was sampled at 1 CFM.
Date:
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT
3, 24, 25
CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER TEST
CAR NUMBER: pi 20
VEHICLE TYPE: Pinto 1972
FUEL: 2.2g Pb/Gal Indolene
CONVERTER: Pb Trap
Vehicle
Test Car
N c. Miles
303A
303B
304A
304B
305A
kGlass
34216.0
34226.8
34319.6
34330.3
34428.0
Fiber Fi
Test
Miles
10.8
93.0
10.7
92.7
92.4
Iter was
Test Mode
MFCCS
AMA
MFCCS
AMA
AMA
used.
Andersen
Sampler
.07638
.01419
,07710
,01186
,01429
Grams per 1.61 km (1 mile)
Fol1ow-up
Millipore
Filter
.04074*
.04081
.15421
.02017
.02559
	 Net Gms
Glass Filter Millipore Millipore
Andersen +	142 mm	142 mm 47min
Filter (Avq. of two)	4 CFM
.11712
.0550
.2313
.03203
.03988
.05601
.03312
.04883
.03263
.03184
.17314
.04081
.14906
.02669
.03571
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT §
ANALYSIS OF EXHAUST PARTICULATE
Trace Metals on Milltpore Filter (35)
Glass Fiber Filters
Vehi cle
Test
No.
Fe
Ni
Cu
AT
Ca

Mn
Cr
Sn
Zn
T1
Kb,
%so.
%C
-31K.
%H
PPM
BAP
303A
0.5
<0.05
.13
.18
1.45
.30
:o.02
:o .05
:o.05
<0.2
<0.05
1.3C

23.90
0 .45
29.43
300
303B
0.1
<0.05
. 09-
.09
.64
.15
:o.02
: o. 05
:o.05
<0.2
<0.05
5 .02

9.58
0.32
4.20
240
304A
0.2
<0.05
.16
.10
1.38
.26
:o.02
:o.05
:o.05
<0.2
<0.05
1.12

24.73
0 .56
24.20
200
304B
0.2
<0.05
.19
.12
1.62
.26
:o.02
:o.05-
:o.05
<0.2
<0 .05
5.7 £

10.42
0.83
3.43
390
305A
0.2
<0.05
.12
.18
1.15
.24
:o.02
:o.05
:o.05
<0.2
<0.05
3.4C

13.10
0.94
5.22
240
-------
K «- PROBABILITY	46 8043
£Z X 2 LOO CYCLES ..01 i> u ¦ »
KeurreL t tsiK co
-------
K-e probability	46 8043
X 2 LOO CYCLES .,di i.il> .
KEUPFEL »IStEJt CO
-------
PROBABILITY	46 8043
!¦ r£m X 2 LOG CYCLES mot in u • *
KCUFret. ft KSflCR CO
-------
PROBABILITY
46 8043
X 2 LOO CYCLES n«or n u H
keuppei. • Esacn co
99 99
99 9 99 B

99 8 99 9
-------
K.«" PROBABILITY	46 8043
iS X 2 LOO CYCLES >.3< i> u ¦ «
KeUFFEL ft CSSCR CO
Ofll 0 05 0 1 0 2 0 5 1 2	5	10	20 30 40 5 0 60 70 80	90	95	9 8 99	99.8 99 9	9 9 99
-------
DuPont Pinto with Pb Trap
Tube Flow Set to 4 20 F/Min = 55 0 CFM
9/13/74
Time
Dial
T
Readings
H
% Relative
Humidity
MFCCS - 41 Min,
1:18
1:25
1:32
1:36
Run #304A
57	13
59	8
59	40
59	33
19+
19+
21+
20+
1:50
1:55
2:00
57
58
59
55
70
50
22+
24 +
22 +
AMA
2:17
2:28
2:50
3:10
3: 16
4:10
4:30
4:42
4:50
5:10
5:20
5:29
5:40
Run 8304B
58
59
61
61
60
60
60
61
61
61
61
61
62
15
22
8
6
30
70
70
18
5
4
30
2
13
20+
20	+
19+
19	+
22 +
27+
27 +
21	+
17+
16+
29+
ie+
20	+
Barometer	2 9.40
Wet Bulb	6 0 °F
Dry Bulb	72°F
Rel. Humidity 4 9%
-------
DuPont Pinto with Pb Trap
Tube Flow Adjusted to 420'/Min = 550 CFM
MFCCS - 41 Min.	Run # 303A
9/13/74
Dial Readings	% Relative
Time	T	H	Humidity
20	62	92	32+
25	63	98	34+
30	63	85	29+
35	64	73	26+
40	64	83	30+
2:00	65	92	31+
2:10	65	90	,29 +
AMA Cycle	Run #303B
2:20	60	60	29+
2:25	65	92	31+
2:35	65	60	24+
2:45	68	40	21+
3:05	66	70	25+
3:15	68	25	20+
3:30	68	70	25+
3:50	68	7	15+
4:25	67	11	18+
4:50	68	10	18+
5:30	68	17	18+
Barometer	29.30
Wet Bulb	70°F
Dry Bulb	80°F
Rel. Humidity	61%
-------
DuPont Pinto with Pb Trap
Tube Flow Set to 420 F/Min = 550 CFM
9/16/74
Dial Readings	% Relative
Time	T	H	Humidity
AMA	Run #305A
12:58
60
31
22 +
1:10
62
2
17+
1:18
62
2
17+
1:28
64
5
18+
1:37
64
2
17+
2:10
64
1
16 +
2:43
64
1
16 +
3:03
64
1
16+
3:15
65
1
16 +
4:00
65
1
16 +
Barometer	2 9.60
Wet Bulb	58°F
Dry Bulb	74°F
Rel. Humidity	36%
-------


SAMPLE TAKEN AT 1
CFM FLOW


Run No.
Test Mode
Source
Ug Pb
Sample Weiqht
% Pb
303B
AMA
Plate" #1
~10
0.2
~5.0


2
<5
0.3
<2.0


3
<5
0.4
<1.3


4
20
0.4
5.0


5
65
0.6
11.0


6
45
0.5
9.0
304B
AMA
1
<5
0.1
<5.0


2
<5
0.2
<2.5


3
10
0.3
3.0


4
30
0.3
10 .0


5
90
0.7
13.0


6
12.5
0.4
3.0
305A
AMA
1
<10.0
0.2
<5.0


2
<10 .0
0.3
<3.3


3
<10.0
0.4
<2.0


4
20.0
0.4
5.0


5
88 .0
0.7
13.0


6
33.0
0.4
8.2
303A
MFCCS
Millipore Filter
35.0
1.7
2.0
303B
AMA
II
360.0
6.9
5.2
304A
MFCCS
11
80.0
2.9
2.8
304B
AMA
It
425.0
4.5
9.4
305A
AMA
II
320.0
6.0
5.3
Tube Sweepings at End
of All Tests


14.0
-------
ANALYTICAL DATA
Test Report #26	Date 10/31/74
Analysis per your letter of April 23, 1974
Analysis per your note of September 10, 1974
April 23, 1974 Analysis requested
18 Samples Trace metals, Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen,
Sulfur (X-ray), Sulfate (Turbidometric) Bap
September 10, 1974
4 Samples, X-ray, for Sulfur, Nickel, Copper, Platinum
and Pladium.
The,work above was done as described in the add on to
Contract 68-01-0480.
-------
VEHICLE TEST REPORT if
Analytical Data Requested April 23, 1974
ANALYSIS OF EXHAUST PARTICULATE
Trace Metals on Milltpore Filter
MICROGRAM ELEMENT PER SAMPLE
Vehicle
Test
No.
Fe
Ni
Cu
A1
Ca
Mq
Mn
Cr
Sn
Zn
Ti
Rb.
FP47-29
8
<1
6
40
3
<3
<.5
<•5
<1
<3
<1
7
FP47-39
10
<1
0.7
126
4
<3
<.5
< .5
<1
<3
<1
3
FP47-55
38
<1
L6.0"
174
2
<3
< .5
< .5
<1
4
<1
13
FP47-75
21
<1
3.0
200
4
<3
<.5
< .5
<1
4
1
5
6GA47-9
4
<1
3.0
12
18
10
< .5
<.5
<1
4
<1
<3
A47-51












A47-49












FP47-31












FP4'7-35












FP47-53












FP47-73












Glass Fiber Filters
%SO,



PPM
BAP

77.40
7.85
2.27
10
27
73
<9
<14
-------
Analytical Data Requested April 23, 1974
Sulfur
Reference
Total
FP47-33
1.0
FP47-37
•
i—i
FP47-57
25.0
FP47-79
23.0
GGA47-11
145.0
(X Ray)
Sample Wt.	ug %
2613:0	.0383
3978.0	.0352
2201.0	1.1358
1665.0	1.3814
5381	2.6947
SO^ (Turbidometric)
Reference
FP47-33
FP47-37
FP47-57
FP47-79
GGA47-11
Total S ug
23.0
34 .0
24.0
32.0
220.0
Sample Wt. ug
2613.0
3978.0
2201.0
1665.0
5381.0
%
.8802
.8547
1.0904
1.9219
4.0885
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Analytical Data Requested September 10/ 1974
X-RAY ANALYSIS
Mg		Values in Percent	
Reference	Weight	S	Pt	Pd	Cu	Ni	Fe
331-75-401	1.2	3.0 +	.3	<.07	<.03	2.0 +	.4	22.0	+	2 2.0
331-72-402	0.9	1.0 +	.1	<.09	<.04	2.0 +	.4	22.0	+	2
331-60-202	0.8	11.0 +	1	<.1	<.04	0.3 +	.06	1.0	+	.1
331-HE-201	0.4	9.0 +	.9	<.2	<.09	1.0 +	.2	8.0	+	.8
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