EPA-420-R-03-101
feiERG
Eastern Research Group, Inc.

Mobile Source
Observation Data (MSOD)
Database Update Phase III
Final Report
Revision 1
Prepared for:
U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency
*
August 31, 2003

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%ERG
w w wv . -e r £ ( o rn
ERG No.: 0136.03.008,00]
EPA Contract No.: 68-C-OO-112
Work Assignment No.: 3-08
Mobile Source Observation Data (MSOD) Database Update
Final Report
Revision 1
EPA Contract No. 68-C-OO-112
Work Assignment No. 3-08
Prepared for:
Kitty Walsh
Project Officer
Carl Scarbro
Work Assignment Manager
Prepared by:
Boonsiri Ltmsakul
Eastern Research Group
5608 Parkcrest Drive, Suite 100
Austin, TX 78731-4947
August 31, 2003
5608 Paiteicst Drive, Suite 100, Auslin, XX 737JI 4917 • Phone (SI?) *107 >820 • [ ,\x (512) 119 0089
Arlins'-on. VA ' AufeliQ, JX • Bostogn, MA • Ch.mtiily, VA • Chif.igo, )l. • Lexington, KA • MoMisviljc, NC • Nashiw, NH • S.ioamonto, CA
! ¦ |u.il Ofif"* lunil, L	h .!') in:i;d or Hi'1 I 'll"''1

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Table of Contents
1.0 Introduction 	1
2.0 Special Studies	2
2.1	Overview	2
2.2	California Air Resources Board	-.10
2.2.1	California Air Resources Board (CARB) 16th Vehicle Surveillance
Program	10
2.2.2	California Air Resources Board (C ARB) Development of Unified
Correction Cycles (UCC) in 1996	11
2.3	Coordinating Research Council (CRC)	13
2.3.1	CRC Project E-47 Sulfur Reversibility Program	13
2.3.2	CRC Project E-55 Heavy-duty Vehicle Chassis Dynamometer Testing
14I-5
2.3.3	CRC Auto'Oil Air Quality Improvement Research Program	16
2.4	Environment Canada	18
2.5	New York Instrument Protocol Assessment	J930
2.6	North Carolina University	21
2.7	University of California CE-CERT		22
2.7.1	Comprehensive Modal Emissions Model	2223
2.7.2	CE-CERT Emission of Ammonia for Light-Duty Vehicle	24
2.7.3	CE-CERT Heavy Duty Diesel Emissions	2526
2.8	University of Texas			26
2.9	West Virginia University	28
3.0 Inspection and Maintenance Programs	3034-
3.1	Overview	3034-
3.2	Arizona Car Care	30^+
3.3	British Columbia AirCare	3J32
3.4	Colorado Air Care	3233
4.0 Conclusions 	34^
Please note that the appendices are available in electronic format only.
Appendix A: MSOD Field List
Appendix B: California Air Resources Board Data Preparation and Correction Programs
Appendix C: Coordinating Research Council Data Preparation and Correction Programs
Appendix E: Environment Canada Data Preparation and Correction Programs
Appendix F: New York Instrumentation Protocol Assessment Year 4 Data Preparation and
Correction Programs
Appendix G: North Carolina State University Data Preparation and Correction Programs
Appendix H: University of California CE-CERT Data Preparation and Correction Programs
Appendix I: University of Texas Data Preparation and Correction Programs
Appendix J: West Virginia University Data Preparation and Correction Programs
Appendix K: SQL Code for Correcting Humidity Error in I/M datasets
3

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List of Tables
Table 2-1: Population of Special Studies	3
Table 2-2: Special Study - Required Additional Data	4
Table 2-3: Special Study - Required Supporting Document	5
Table 2-4: Special Study - Required Investigation and Correction	6
Table 2-5: New fields Added to MSOD Import Tables	7
Table 2-6. Additional Reference Values - Measurement Types	8
Table 2-7: Additional Reference Values- Driving Schedules	9
Table 2-8: Population of Special Studies for Ltime in Table	10
Table 3-1: Coverage of I/M Datasets	303+ |
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1.0 Introduction
The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is in the process of creating a
new mobile source emissions modeling system entitled the Multi-Scale Motor Vehicle and
Equipment Emission System (MOVES). This new model will generate emissions factors in units
of grams per second. This is a marked difference from previous models, such as MOBILE6,
which were based on factors in grams per mile. Much of the new factor development will be
based on the vehicle testing information contained within EPA's Mobile Source Observation
Database (MSOD).
The process of acquiring emission tests of special studies and I/M programs to populate
them into the MSOD database consists of 3 steps.
1.	EPA issues a list of the potential data sources to ERG.
2.	ERG contacts the data sources for any available data. After receiving the raw
emissions data from the data sources, ERG will process the data into an MSOD loadable format
and submit the data to EPA.
3.	EPA staff will then perform the last step of quality assurance and load the data
into the MSOD database. Any errors observed in the last phase of the process will be submitted
to ERG for investigation and correction.
This report documents the third phase of the project which addressed the missing data,
missing supporting documents, the correction of the vehicle-testing data that was submitted
under WA No. 3-06, and submission of additional tables. For documentation on data collected in
the first and second phase, the reader should refer to ERG Final Report Revision 1 submitted on
December 08,2002 and April 14,2003. Any missing data or missing supporting documents that
do not exist or are unavailable are documented and discussed. Over the course of this project it
became necessary to make minor modifications to the MSOD input table format. ERG had prior
approval from EPA before any changes were made and each of these changes is discussed in full
in this report.
1

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2.0	Special Studies
2.1	Overview
In the past twelve months, ERG has contacted several labs throughout the United States
and Canada that perform vehicle emissions testing for a variety of different purposes and studies.
While many of the studies were confidential, there was still a wide range of data that could be
made available for public release. All publicly available data that contained second-by-second
emissions testing was examined for possible inclusion into the MSOD. ERG then produced
large amounts of data to be loaded into the MSOD. Primary quality assurance was applied to all
of the previously submitted data. Table 2-1 shows a summary of the data received from the
special studies. Once the data has passed the primary QA check, the data will be submitted to
EPA for a more detailed QA check. Results from the EPA QA check were provided to ERG for
further investigation to resolve any data errors and/or acquire any additional information.
In this work assignment, ERG worked with EPA to address the missing data, missing
supporting documents, the correction of the vehicle-testing data that was submitted under WA
No. 3-06, and submittal of additional tables. Table 2-2 through Table 2-4 represent a list of the
missing data, missing supporting documents, and data error issues. Details of the acquired
missing data, missing supporting documents and data corrections will be described as follows.
In order to capture as much of this data as possible, it was necessary to add additional
fields onto the MSOD input tables. All additions were agreed upon by EPA and ERG staff
before any changes were made. These additions are outlined in Table 2.5.
Many of the fields in the MSOD are restricted to contain only those values that appear
within a reference table for that particular field. These reference tables are intended to be
expanded, as needed, when new data is added to the MSOD. Many additions were made to take
into account the wide variety of data being added in this, The additional reference values appear
in Table 2.6 and Table 2.7.
2

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Table 2-1: Population of Special Studies
Source Description
No. of Tests
No. of Vehicles
California Air Resources Board (UCC96)
51
42
University of California CE-CERT (NCHRP)
878
344
University of California CE-CERT (NH3)
54
39
Coordinating Research Council (CRC_S_LDV1]
510
12
North Carolina State University
787
7
Coordinating Research Council (AQIRP)
4,696
85
California Air Resources Board (N20)
64
41
University of California CE-CERT (HDD)
312
8
Coordinating Research Council (E55)
701
25
Environment Canada
71
4
New York IPA
24,889
9,942
West Virginia University
2,350
462
Texas Department of Transportation
126
10
Grand Total
35,489
11,021
3

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Table 2-2: Special Study - Required Additional Data
CRC
Coordinating Research Council (CRC)
study in 2002 on Heavy-duty Vehicle
Chassis Dynamometer Testing for
Emissions Inventory. /E55 59
WVU conversion algorithm
from dynamometer hp to
speed.
Temperature, humidity,
barometric pressure and
distance for bag in level.
Ralph D. Nine
(304)293-3111 ext.2463
Ralp.Nine@mail.wvu.edu
CRC
Coordinating Research Council (CRC)
Auto/Oil Air Quality Improvement
Research Program (early 1990's)/AQIRP.
Test Weight for dyniob_in
table
Robert Gorse
(734) 429-3700
rgorsel234@aol.com
CARB
California Air Resources Board (CARB)
development of Unified Correction cycles
(UCC) in 1996/ UCC96.
Temperature, humidity,
barometric pressure and fuel
economy for bag_in and
iynob in level.
Mark Carlock
macrlock@arb.ca.gov
CARB
California Air Resources Board (CARB)
16th Vehicle Surveillance Program with
N20 bag data.
Dynamometer coefficient for
dynobin table
Mark Carlock
macrlock@arb.c a.gov
CE-CERT
University of California Riverside College
of Engineering Center for Environmental
Research and Technology (CE-CERT)
Emissions of Ammonia fro Light-duty
vehicles/' NH3
Temperature, humidity,
barometric pressure and fuel
jcoriomy for bag_in level.
Second by second emission
of THC and NOx for time_in
table
Dr. Matthew Barth
(909) 781-5782
barth@cert.ucr.edu
CE-CERT
University of California Riverside College
of Engineering Center for Environmental
Research and Technology (CE-CERT)
N'CHRP 25-11 Comprehensive Modal
Emission Model and Vehicle Emissions
Database, Version 2,02.
Fuel economy for dynobin
and bag_in tables
Dr. Matthew Barth
(909) 781-5782
barth@cert.ucr.edu
NYIPA/
NYIPA2002
The New York State
Instrumentation/Protocol Assessment Study
which compares the standard IM240 test
procedure and instrumentation with the New
York Transient Emissions Short Test
(NYTEST)
Dynamometer Coefficients
Celia Shih
(518) 402-8337
cxshih@gw.dec.state.ny.us
WVU 1-
WVU_4
West Virginia University testing of Heavy
Puty Vehicles Using Their Portable
Dynamometer (1-4).
Test weight, road_hp, dyno
coefficients for dynob_in
table
Ralph D. Nine
(304) 293-3111 ext.2463
Ralp.Nine@mail.wvu.edu
EnvtTonnennent
Canada (EC)
Environment Canada's study on the Effects
of Aged Catalysts and Cold Ambient
Temperatures on Nitrous Oxide Emissions.
Test weight for dynob in
table
Second by second
measurement of speed for
time in table
Mr, Peter Barton
(613)990-3723
Barton.peter@etc.ec .qc.ca
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Table 2-3: Special Study - Required Supporting Document
J \ J < • .
Data Source '
WVU 1 - WVU_4
'J ' "" V-fV -V V' ^
Study ¦' ' f
West Virginia University testing of
Heavy Duty Vehicles Using Their
Portable Dynamometer (1-4).
« ^ Contact Perspij. <
Ralph D. Nine
(304) 293-3111 ext.2463
Ralp.Nine@mail.wvu.edu
Definition of all test
procedures and all
schedule procedures
using in WVU study.
CRC
Coordinating Research Council
(CRC) study in 2002 on Heavy-duty
Vehicle Chassis Dynamometer
Testing for Emissions Inventory.
/E55 59
Ralph D. Nine
(304) 293-3111 ext.2463
Ralp.Nine@mail.wvu.edu
Definition of test
procedure and schedule
for CARBI, CARBR,
CARBC, CARBT and
AC508
CRC
Coordinating Research Council
(CRC) Auto/Oil Air Quality
Improvement Research Program
(early 1990's) / AQIRP.
Robert Gorse
(734) 429-3700
rgorsel234@aol.com
Definition of test
procedure and schedule
for FTP4S
CARB
California Air Resources Board
(CARB) development of Unified
Correction cycles (UCC) in 1996/
UCC96.
Mark Carlock
macrlock@arb.ca.gov
Definition of test
procedure and schedule
for UCC**.
CARB
California Air Resources Board
(CARB) 16th Vehicle Surveillance
Program with N20 bag data.
Mark Carlock
macrlock@arb.ca.gov
Definition of test
procedure for
EC, MUC and LA92
CE-CERT
University of California Riverside
College of Engineering Center for
Environmental Research and
Technology (CE-CERT) NCHRP
25-11 Comprehensive Modal
Emission Model and Vehicle
Emissions Database, Version 2.02.
Dr. Matthew Barth
(909) 781-5782
Darth@cert.ucr.edu
Definition of test
procedure for FTPCC
Texas Department of
Transportation (TxDOT)
Truck study - new fuels/power/FE
Sandeep Kishan
(512) 407-1830
sandeep.kishan@erg.com
Definition of test
Procedure
SADT, TADT, GRADA
and LOADE
5

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Table 2-4: Special Study - Required Investigation and Correction
. . DaUSour^^,
WVU 1 - WVU_4
West Virginia University testing of Heavy
Duty Vehicles Using Their Portable
Dynamometer (1-4)
**1" itMni iv t %
Resolve all negative emissions in time_in table.
NYIPA/ NYIPA2002
The New York State
Instrumentation/Protocol Assessment Study
which compares the standard IM240 test
procedure and instrumentation with the New
York Transient Emissions Short Test
(NYTEST)
Resolve errors of humidity and barometers from
dynob_in and bagin table.
CRCE55
Coordinating Research Council (CRC)
study in 2002 on Heavy-duty Vehicle
Chassis Dynamometer Testing for
Emissions Inventory. /E55 59
Confirmation on idle tests for the records that
appear to have missing emissions in bag level.
Update time in table with recently reported speed.
CRCSLDV1
Coordinating Research Council (CRC)
study in 1997 to determine the effects of
sulfur levels in fuel on vehicles.
Resolve the incorrect test phase in time in table.
CRC_AQIRP
Coordinating Research Council (CRC)
Auto/Oil Air Quality Improvement
Research Program (early 1990's) / AQIRP.
Resolve on primary key violations and update of test
weight in dynobjn table
CECERT_NCHRP
University of California Riverside College
of Engineering Center for Environmental
Research and Technology (CE-CERT)
NCHRP 25-11 Comprehensive Modal
Emission Model and Vehicle Emissions
Database. Version 2.02.
Resolve the over upper bound or under lower bound
conflict for humidity, in dynob_in table and time in
timejn table
Resolve the wide range of dynosec in time in table
for FTP, US06 and MEC test cycles.
CECERTNH3
Environnement Canada (EC)
TXDOT_UT
ncsu_tarf
CARB_N20
CARBUCC96
-
University of California Riverside College
of Engineering Center for Environmental
Research and Technology (CE-CERT)
Emissions of Ammonia fro Light-duty
vehicles.
1994 N20 Emissions from Light Duty
Vehicles - Phase I
Texas Department of Transportation and the
University of Texas study in 2002-03 on the
use of new fuels in heavy-duty diesel
vehicles
North Carolina State University conducted
an experiment to determine the emission
savings that could be achieved through
better traffic management
California Air Resources Board (CARB)
16th Vehicle Surveillance Program with
N20 bag data.
California Air Resources Board (CARB)
Development of Unified Correction cycles
(UCC) in 1996
Resolve on primary key violations and update of
ambient conditions
Resolve errors of humidity and barometer s from
dynob_in and bag_in table.
Resolve on primary key violations.
Resolve the incorrect test phase in timejn table and
over upper bound or under lower bound conflict for
tumidity in dynobjn table.
Add additional variables in timejn table
Update dynobjn table with reported test weight
Update test_proc and schedjd with proper name
and recalculate emission in dynobjn and bagjn
tables.
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Table 2-5: New fields Added to MSOD Import Tables
WA ID
Table
Name
Type
Description
Units
NYIPA
DYNOB IN
Epa ref
Character()
EPA Reference Number

CECERT NCHRP, CARB UCC96
SCHED PT
Sched ph
Number(3)
Schedule Phase

CECERT NCHRP
SCHED PT
Sched ph nm
Character 15)
Schedule Phase Name

TXDOT UT, ETC N20,
CARB UCC96
LTIME IN
DF
Number()
Dilution Factor

WVU2-WVU4
LTIME IN
Tot hp
NumberO
Total Power
hp
WVU2-WVU4, CRCE55
LTIME IN
Torql
NumberO
Hub1 Torque
FtLb
WVU2-WVU4, CRCE55
LTIME IN
Torq2
Number()
Hub2 Torque
FtLb
WVU2-WVU4, CRCE55
LTIME IN
Powerl
NumberO
Hub1 Power
hfi	
hp
WVU2-WVU4, CRCE55
LTIME IN
Power2
NumberO
Hub2 Power
WVU2-WVU4, CRCE55
LTIME IN
Espeedl
NumberO
Hub1 Speed
rpm
WVU2-WVU4, CRCE55
LTIME IN
Espeed2
NumberO
Hub2 Speed
rpm
CRCE55
LTIME IN
Palsp
NumberO
PA1 Speed
RPM
CRCE55
LTIME IN
Paltq
NumberO
PA1TQ
FtLb
CRCE55
LTIME IN
Pa2sp
NumberO
PA2Speed
RPM
CRCE55
LTIME IN
Pa2tq
NumberO
PA2TQ
FtLb
CRCE55
LTIME IN
Espeed
NumberO
Engine Speed
ADC
CRCE55
LTIME IN
Cytempl
NumberO
CycloneT emperature 1
DegF
CRCE55
LTIME IN
Cytemp2
NumberO
CycloneTemperature2
DegF
CRCE55
LTIME IN
Cytemp3
NumberO
CycloneTemperature3
DegF
CRCE55
LTIME IN
Drytemp
NumberO
DryBulb Temperature
DegF
CRCE55
LTIME IN
Exhtemp
NumberO
Exhaust Temperature
DegF
CRCE55
LTIME IN
Flftemp
NumberO
Filter Face Temperature
DegF
CRCE55
LTIME IN
Pmfback
NumberO
PM Feed Back
SCFM
CRCE55
LTIME IN
Sptemp
NumberO
Sample Plane Temperature
DegF
CRCE55
LTIME IN
VenPress
NumberO
Venturi Pressure
psf
CRCE55
LTIME IN
Ventemp
NumberO
Venturi Temperature
DegC
CRCE55
LTIME IN
Wettemp
NumberO
WetBulb Temperature
DegF
CRCE55
LTIME IN
Pmconc
NumberO
Teom Mass Concentration
mg/m3
7

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Table 2-6. Additional Reference Values - Measurement Types
WA ID
Meas id
Description
Units
ETC_N20, TXDOT UT,
CARBJJCC96, CRC_S_LDV1
CO_BKG_PPM
Ambient Concentration of CO in ppm
PPm
ETC N20, TXDOT UT,
CARBJJCC96, CRC_S_LDV1
C02_BKG_%
Ambient Concentration of C02 in percent
percent
ETC N20, TXDOT UT,
CARB_UCC96, CRC_S_LDV1
NO_BKG_PPM
Ambient Concentration of NO in ppm
ppm
ETC N20
N02 BKGPPM
Ambient Concentration of N02 in ppm
ppm
ETC N20
N20 BKGPPM
Ambient Concentration of N20 in ppm
ppm
ETC_N20
DIL_N20
Total N20 in ppm by volume as
measured after mixed with dilution air
ppm
ETC_N20
DIL_N02
Total N02 in ppm by volume as
measured after mixed with dilution air
ppm
ETC_N20
DIL_NO
Total NO in ppm by volume as measured
after mixed with dilution air
ppm
TXDOT UT, CARB UCC96,
CRC_S_LDV1
NOx_BKG_PPM
Ambient Concentration of NOx in ppm
ppm
TXDOT UT, CARB UCC96,
CRC_S_LDV1
HC_BKG_PPM
Ambient Concentration of HC in ppm
ppm
CRC S LDV1
CH4 BKG PPM
Ambient Concentration of CH4 in ppm
ppm
8

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Table 2-7: Additional Reference Values- Driving Schedules
WA ID
ID
Name
CARB UCC96
UCC15
Unified Correction Cycle 15
CARB UCC96
UCC20
Unified Correction Cycle 20
CARB UCC96
UCC25
Unified Correction Cycle 25
CARB UCC96
UCC30
Unified Correction Cycle 30
CARB UCC96
UCC35
Unified Correction Cycle 35
CARB UCC96
UCC40
Unified Correction Cycle 40
CARB UCC96
UCC45
Unified Correction Cycle 45
CARB UCC96
UCC50
Unified Correction Cycle 50
CARB UCC96
UCC55
Unified Correction Cycle 55
CECERT NCHRP
MECV5
Modal Emission Cycle test created by CE-CERT Version5
CECERT NCHRP
MECV6
Modal Emission Cycle test created by CE-CERT Version6
CECERT NCHRP
SMECV6
Special Modal Emission Cycle test created by CE-CERT Version6 (no AC Hill)
CECERT NCHRP
MECV7
Modal Emission Cycle test created by CE-CERT Version7
CECERT NCHRP
SMECV7
Special Modal Emission Cycle test created by CE-CERT Version7 (no AC Hill)
CRC AQIRP
FTPR5
FTP with fourth bag of EPA REP05
CRC E55 59
AC5080
Acceleration 50 km/r and 80 km/hr
CRC E55 59
CARB-C
Creep Portion of CARB HHDDT cycle
CRC E55 59
CARB-T
Transient Portion of CARB HHDDT cycle
CRC E55 59
CARB-R
Cruise Portion of CARB HHDDT cycle
TXDOT UT
SADT
Single Axle Dump Truck Cycle developed by ERG
TXDOT UT
TADT
Tandem Axle Dump Truck Cycle developed by ERG
TXDOT UT
GRADA
Telescoping Boom Excavator Cycle developed by ERG
TXDOT UT
LOADE
Wheeled Loader Cycle developed by ERG
WVU1-WVU4
KERN
KERN Cycle
WVU1-WVU4
NYBUS
New York Bus
WVU1-WVU4
CBD

WVU1-WVU4
TESTD
Test D
WVU1-WVU4
14C
Modified CBD
WVU1-WVU4
14R
Modified and routized CBD
WVU1-WVU4
2-5MIL
Routinized WVU-5P run 2 times
WVU1-WVU4
2CHSVR
Routinized CSHVC run 2 times
WVU1-WVU4
2TESTD
Double Test D with Warmup (TEST D2W)
WVU1-WVU4
3CBD
CBD run 3 times
WVU1-WVU4
5MILE
Routinized WVU-5P
WVU1-WVU4
ALT1

WVU1-WVU4
ALT2

WVU1-WVU4
ART

WVU1-WVU4
CARB-C
Creep Portion of CARB HHDDT cycle
WVU1-WVU4
CARB-R
Creep Portion of CARB HHDDT cycle
WVU1-WVU4
CARB-T
Transient Portion of CARB HHDDT cycle
WVU1-WVU4
CBD-RT
Routinized CBD
WVU1-WVU4
CSCYC

WVU1-WVU4
CSHVR
Routinized CSHVC
WVU1-WVU4
DRT
Test D Route
WVU1-WVU4
NYCC
New York Composite Cycle (NY-Comp)
9

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WA ID
ID
Name
WVU1-WVU4
NYGT2
Double length New York Garbage Truck Cycle
WVU1-WVU4
NYGTC3
NYGTC run 3 times
WVU1-WVU4
NYTRK
New York Truck Cycle
WVU1-WVU4
OCRTC2
OCRTC run 2 times
WVU1-WVU4
VFAC
Viking Freight Adhoc Cycle (VIKING W)
Additional Table
In phase one and two, we processed and imported data collected by several labs for the
MSOD. However, in addition to tailpipe emissions in mass, the data also included tailpipe
emission in concentration, which did not conform to the standard MSOD dynamometer test
tables and were, therefore, originally left out of the database. Upon further consideration, EPA
determined that the tailpipe emission concentration data should be loaded into a newly design
dynamometer test table and related to tailpipe emissions in mass by test ID (CTRTSTID).
Once the data was reviewed and determined to be desirable for importation into the
MSOD, it had to be formatted and processed to match the MSOD data structure and
methodology. As with the tailpipe emission mass data, several modifications were made to the
emission concentration data for proper population into the newly designed MSOD table. The
primary modifications are discussed below.
Table 2-8: Population of Special Studies for Ltimejn Table
Source Description
No.of Tests
No.of Vehicles
California Air Resources Board (UCC96)
51
42
Coordinating Research Council (CRC S LDV1)
510
12
Coordinating Research Council (E55)
701
25
Environment Canada
71
4
West Virginia University
2,350
462
Texas Department of Transportation
126
10
Grand Total
3,809
555
2.2 California Air Resources Board
2.2.1 California Air Resources Board (CARB) 16th Vehicle Surveillance Program
(CARB_N20)
As part of its 16th Surveillance Program, the California Air Resources Board (CARB)
collected N2O bag data. There are 64 emission tests, which were performed on 41 unique
vehicles for CARB N20 study. For details on the study, a summary, and vehicle information,
the reader should refer to the final report for phase two. THC, NOX, CO, and C02 were
measured by standard instrumentation. N20 was measured by FTIR
10

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Missing Data:
Second by second emission data.
Test weight for Dynobin table.
Data source was contacted and confirmed that there was no second by second emission
values for 16th Surveillance Program.
Test weight was submitted with the raw data in the beginning. Due to our technical
problem, the test weights were not populated out properly. The Dynob in table was update with
test weight in this phase of the project.
Missing Supporting Document:
None
Data Errors:
None
Additional Table:
None
The complete programs used to read in and modify the data can be found in Appendix B.
Contact:
Mark Carlock
California Air Resources Board
mcarlock@arb.ca.gov
2.2.2 California Air Resources Board (CARB) Development of Unified Correction
Cycles (UCC) in 1996 (CARB.UCC96)
As part of the CARB development of the Emission Factor (EMFAC) model, adjustments
to EPA's Unified Cycle (UC) were made. These adjustments, entitled Unified Correction Cycles
(UCC), are based off of route specific driving data representative of driving within the Los
Angeles area in 1992. CARB then updated the UCC's in 1996 to account for changes in driving
patterns. After developing 8 new driving cycles, they conducted an emissions testing program to
generate new factors for their EMFAC model.
11

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For this emissions testing program, they recruited approximately 81 vehicles from the
general fleet population and tested them using the 8 new UCCs, an FTP test, and a UC test. Only
a portion of the testing data was available for inclusion into the MSOD. Each vehicle's fuel tank
was emptied and refilled with Phase I summertime gasoline fuel prior to preconditioning and
testing. Second by second data was collected for the UCC and UC tests only. For details on the
CARB Development of Unified Correction cycles (UCC) in 1996 study, a summary, and vehicle
information, the reader should refer to the final report for phase one.
Missing Data:
Ambient conditions and fuel economy Dynobin table
Data source was contacted and confirmed that ambient conditions and fuel economy are
not available for this study.
Missing Supporting Document:
Drive schedule and test procedure
Data source was contacted and submitted drive schedule and test procedure to ERG.
All test schedules were populated and submitted to EPA in Sched_pt table.
Data Errors:
After receiving the correct titles for COLD and UNIFIED cycles from data source, ERG
reprocessed Dynob in, Bagin, and Time_in tables with the correct titles (COLD as FTP and
UNIFIED as LA92) and recalculated values for Bag in table.
Additional Table:
Ltime_in
The primary modifications and available fields are discussed below.
•	The ctr_tst_id were assigned to be the same values as in the timein table.
•	Following variables were filled with measured values from the raw data.
Dynosec - Elapse time on dynamometer test in second
Cvs_flow - Constant volume sample in standard cubic feet per
second
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Dil
the
- Total hydrocarbon in ppm by volume after mixed
with dilution air
Dil
CO
- Carbon monoxide in ppm by volume after mixed
with dilution air
Dil.
co2
- Carbon dioxide in percent by volume after mixed
with dilution air
Dil.
nox
- Nitrogen oxide in percent by volume after mixed
with dilution air
Df

- Dilution Factor
• Back ground concentration of measured pollutants at the beginning of each test
were populated into the tmeas_in table.
The complete programs used to read in and modify the data can be found in Appendix B.
Contact:
Jeff Long
Phone: (626)450-6140
California Air Resources Board; Analysis Section
9528 Telstar Ave.
El Monte, CA 91731 USA
E-mail: jlong@arb.ca.gov
2.3 Coordinating Research Council (CRC)
2.3.1 CRC Project E-47 Sulfur Reversibility Program (CRC_S_LDV1)
The Coordinating Research Council (CRC) conducted a study in 1997 to determine the
effects of sulfur levels in fuel on vehicles. They used approximately 12 vehicles. Each vehicle
was first tested with approximately 10,000 miles on the odometer. The catalysts were then
rapidly aged to the equivalent of over 100,000 miles and retested. To investigate the effects of
sulfur, they varied the amount of sulfur in two base fuels by adding the Auto/Oil 3-component
sulfur mixture. They used Federal RFG base fuel with 40, 100, 150, 330, and 600 ppm sulfur as
well as California Phase 2 RFG with 40 and 150 ppm sulfur. For details on the CRC Project E-
47 Sulfur Reversibility Program study, a summary, and vehicle information, the reader should
refer to the final report for phase one.
Missing Data:
None
Missing Supporting Document:
None
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Data Errors:
After discovering the uncorrected test phase in Timein table, the SAS program was
edited to overcome these errors. The update Time in table was submitted to EPA with proper
values for the test phase.
Additional Table:
Ltime_in
The primary modifications and available fields are discussed below.
•	The ctr tst id were assigned to be the same values as in the time_in table.
•	Following variables were filled with measured values from the raw data.
Dynosec	- Elapse time on dynamometer test in second
Lab_baro	- Barometric pressure for each second in inch of mercury
Tp_vol	- Tailpipe volume in standard cubic feet per second
Dil vol	- Dilution air in standard cubic feet per second
Tp thc	- Total hydrocarbon in ppm by volume as measured at tailpipe
Tp co	- Carbon monoxide in ppm by volume as measured at tailpipe
Tp_co2	- Carbon dioxide in percent by volume as measured at tailpipe
Dil_co2	- Carbon dioxide in percent by volume after mixed with dilution
air
Tpnox	- Nitrogen oxide in percent by volume as measured at tailpipe
• Background concentrations of measured pollutants before testing was startedwere
populated into the tmeas in table.
The complete programs used to read in and modify the data can be found in Appendix C.
Contacts:
Mr. Brent Bailey.
Phone: 678-795-0506
Coordinating Research Council
E-mail: bkbailey@crcao.com
2.3.2 CRC Project E-55 Heavy-duty Vehicle Chassis Dynamometer Testing
(CRC_E55)
The Coordinating Research Council organized a study through West Virginia University
(WVU) entitled "Heavy-Duty Vehicle Chassis Dynamometer Testing for Emission Inventory."
The goal of this project was to quantify regulated emissions and certain unregulated species from
heavy heavy-duty diesel trucks (HHDDT) in the State of California. There is some doubt that
14

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engine certification data is sufficient to accurately estimate the inventory of nitrous oxides (NOx)
and particulate matter (PM) in the environment due to these heavy-duty vehicles. Therefore,
WVU used a transportable chassis dynamometer to test 25 heavy-duty diesel trucks with the
Urban Driving Dynamometer Schedule, the AC50/80 cycle, and the CARB HHDDT cycle, in
both loaded and unloaded situations. For details on the CRC Project E-55 Heavy-duty Vehicle
Chassis Dynamometer Testing, a summary, and vehicle information, the reader should refer to
the final report for phase two.
Missing Data:
Measured speeds of second by second testing are missing.
Data source was contacted and re-submitted raw data with measured speed values. ERG
updated the Time_in table with measured speed values.
Missing Supporting Document:
All schedule points are missing.
Data source was contacted and submitted schedule points for all available test schedules.
Data Errors:
Primary key violations for Dynobin, Time_in and Bag_in tables.
The error was caused by a technical problem in the SAS program. The SAS code has
been modified to correct this error. The updated tables of Dynob in, Time_in, Rmeas_in,
Bmeas in, Bag_in and Tmeas_in were created and submitted to EPA
Additional Table:
Ltimein
The primary modifications and available fields are discussed below.
•	The ctr_tst_id were assigned to be the same values as in the time_in table.
•	Following variables were filled with measured values from the raw data.
Dynosec	- Elapse time on dynamometer test in second
Torql	-Hub 1 torque inFtLb
Torq2	-Hub2 torque in FtLb
Power 1	-Hubl power in hp
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Power2	-Hub2 power in hp
Espeedl	-Hub 1 speed inrpm
Espeed2	-Hub2 speed in rpm
Pa 1 sp	-PA 1 speed in rpm
Paltq	-PA1 torque in FtLb
Pa2sp	-PA2 speed in rpm
Pa2tq	-PA2 torque in FtLb
Espeed	-Engine speed in ADC
Cytempl	-Cyclone temperature 1 in Fahrenheit
Cytemp2	-Cyclone temperature2 in Fahrenheit
Cytemp3	-Cyclone temperature3 in Fahrenheit
Drytemp	-Drybulb temperature in Fahrenheit
Exhtemp	-Exhaust temperature in Fahrenheit
Flftemp	-Filter face temperature in Fahrenheit
Pmfback	-PM feedback in SCFM
Sptemp	-Sample plane temperature in Fahrenheit
VenPress	-Venturi pressure in pound per square foot
Ventemp	-Venturi temperature in degree Celsius
Wettemp	-Wetbulb temperature in Fahrenheit
Pmconc	-Teom mass concentration in mg/m3
The complete programs used to read in and modify the data can be found in Appendix C.
Contacts:
Ralph Nine
Program Coordinator
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
Morgantown, WV 26506-6106
Phone: (304) 293-3111 ext. 2463
E-mail: Ralph.Nine@mail.wvu.edu
2.3.3 CRC Auto/Oil Air Quality Improvement Research Program (CRC_AQIRP)
The Auto/Oil Air Quality Improvement Research Program (AQIRP) was conducted in
two stages and was a major effort intended to assess the air quality effects of using reformulated
gasolines and alternative fuels in light-duty motor vehicles. The program involved the
collaboration of Ford, General Motors, Chrysler and fourteen oil companies. In Phase 1,28 fuels
and 53 vehicles were tested. In Phase II, testing was extended to an additional 71 fuels and 32
vehicles. Most of the tests were included in the data we received; however, outliers were
separated from the bulk of the data and we did not include them. All tests conducted used FTP
with emissions data being collected every second. Unfortunately, for most of the tests only bag
and modal data was retained for public release. Given its time and resource constraints and the
fact that the study is ten years old, ERG conducted a thorough search to try to locate the missing
16

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second by second data but was unsuccessful. For the Offcycle subset of tests, the only subset
where second by second data was retained, the tests also included an extended test procedure
with a fourth bag. In addition to the standard emissions data, measurements for over 150 species
were taken from the exhaust and have been included in the data to be loaded into the MSOD. For
details on the CRC Auto/Oil Air Quality Improvement Research Program study, a summary, and
vehicle information, the reader should refer to the final report for phase two.
Missing Data:
Test weight for Dynob_in table.
Test weight was submitted with the raw data in the beginning. Due to a technical
problem, the test weights were not populated properly. The Dynob_in table was updated with test
weight in this phase of the project.
Missing Supporting Document:
None
Data Errors:
Primary key violations for Dynob_in, Time_in and Bag_in tables.
The error was caused by unknown tests that were submitted on second by second
emission measurements without any test summary. Another cause of error was duplicated
records in the raw data. The SAS code has been modified to overcome these violations by
removing all unknown tests and duplicated records. The update tables of Dynob in, Time_in,
Rmeas Jn, Bmeas in, Bag_in and Tmeas_in were created and submitted to EPA.
Additional Table:
None
The complete programs used to read in and modify the data can be found in Appendix C.
Contacts:
Robert Gorse
E-mail Address(es): rgorse 1234@aol.com
Phone: 734-429-3700
Retired from FORD
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2.4 Environment Canada (ETC_N20)
The Environmental Technology Centre (ETC) at Environment Canada has been
conducting a wide range of vehicle testing for many years on both heavy- and light-duty vehicles
and has been collecting second by second data during the vast majority of thesetests. For phase
two of the MSOD project, we were able to obtain a portion of the data generated during
Environment Canada's study on the "Effects of Aged Catalysts and Cold Ambient Temperatures
on Nitrous Oxide Emissions." The study tested 10 "in-use" vehicles and 4 new vehicles, but at
this time only data from the new vehicles has been made available to ERG. The tests conducted
were FTP and in some cases IM240 with second by second emissions data being captured for
CO, C02, NO, N02, and N20. Summer and winter grade unleaded fuels were used for all tests
depending on the test temperature. For details on the study, a summary, and vehicle information,
the reader should refer to the final report for phase two. All second by second data was
measured using FTIR.
Missing Data:
None
Missing Supporting Document:
None
Data Errors:
Humidity and temperature are out of bounds in Dynob_in and Bag in tables.
Primary key violations for Dynob_in, Time_in and Bag_in tables.
Extreme fuel economy values, emission summary for 3 tests in Dynob in and Bag_in
tables
Humidity and temperature errors were caused by an inconsistency in the raw data format.
Additional SAS code has been developed to re-read raw data in and export them out in an
MSOD loadable format.
Primary key problem was caused by a technical problem in the SAS program. The SAS
code has been modified to correct this error. The updated tables of Dynob_in, Time_in,
Rmeas_in, Bmeas_in, Bag_in and Tmeas_in were created and submitted to EPA
18

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After verifying the raw data, it is shown that these extreme values existed in the original
data. Data source has been contacted for this error. Due to the conversion program from the ETC
lab, the extreme values for these three tests were set to be null.
Additional Table:
Ltimein
The primary modifications and available fields are discussed below.
•	The ctr tst id were assigned to be the same values as in the time_in table.
•	Following variables were filled with measured values from the raw data.
Dynosec - Elapse time on dynamometer test in second
Cvs flow - Constant volume sample in standard cubic feet per second
Dil co	- Carbon monoxide in ppm by volume after mixed with dilution air
Dil_co2 - Carbon dioxide in percent by volume after mixed with dilution
air
Df	- Dilution Factor
Dil_n2o -Total N20 in ppm by volume as measured after mixed with
dilution air (rmeasin)
Dil_no2 -Total N02 in ppm by volume as measured after mixed with
dilution air (rmeas_in)
Dil no	-Total NO in ppm by volume as measured after mixed with
dilution air (rmeas in)
•	Background concentrations of measured pollutants before the start of each bag
were populated into the bmeas_in table.
The complete programs used to read in and modify the data can be found in Appendix E.
Contacts:
Mr. Peter Barton.
Phone: (613)990-3723
Emissions Research and Measurement Division
Environment Canada
E-mail: Barton.peter@etc.ec.qc.ca
2.5 New York Instrument Protocol Assessment (NYIPA, NYIPA2002)
New York State runs a decentralized inspection and maintenance (I/M) program that does
not use the EPA standard IM240 protocol, but instead uses a New York Transient Emissions
Short Test (NYTEST) testing program and equipment. To support this substitution in testing
programs, New York has been performing a comparison study between the NYTEST and the
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IM240 emissions test. This study is entitled Evaluation of Simultaneous Emissions Test Data
Derived From the NYTEST Instrumentation/Protocol Assessment Pilot Study. The study is
referred to as the IP A. This study began as a pilot study in 1998 and has been carried on yearly
ever since. In phase one of the MSOD project we populated data from the pilot study through the
2001 year study. In phase two we included the recently available 2002 year study.
During the IPA study, vehicles are simultaneously tested using both the NYTEST and
IM240 equipment. The composite results are then analyzed for equivalency. All tests were
performed by TESTCOM contractors at one testing facility. The vehicles used during the testing
were recruited from the general vehicle fleet population and followed the distribution of fleet
age. Tank fuel (gasoline) was used for all vehicles. Second by second data has been made
available for all years of the IPA program for the IM240 testing. For details on the New York
Instrument Protocol Assessment program and summary and vehicle information, the reader
should refer to the final report for phase two. Only the data measured with the standard I/M240
instrumentation was reported to EPA.
Missing Data:
Missing dynamometer coefficient
Data source was contacted and confirmed that dynamometer coefficients are not available
for this study. However, data source provided ERG with EPA reference number instead which
can be used to look up the dynamometer setting on ESLT. The EPA reference numbers were
updated in the Dynobjn table as EPA_REF filed.
Missing Supporting Document:
None
Data Errors:
Humidity and barometric pressure are out of bounds in Dynobjn and Bag_in tables.
Humidity errors were caused by an incorrect conversion equation from relative humidity
to be absolute humidity in the unit of grain of water per pound of dry air. The SAS code has been
modified to correct this problem and export the data to an MSOD loadable format.
Barometric pressure errors were caused by an incorrect conversion. Raw data were
reported in the unit of inch of mercury while the data format identified the unit as kPa. The SAS
code has been modified to correct and export the data to an MSOD loadable format.
20

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Additional Table:
None
The complete program used to read in and modify the data can be found in Appendix F.
Contacts:
Celia Shih, (518) 402-8337
Data Analysis Section, Bureau of Enhanced I/M
Division of Air Resources, NYSDEC
2nd Fl, 625 Broadway Albany, NY 12233-3257
cxshih@gw.dec. state .ny .us
2.6 North Carolina University (NCSU_TRAF)
In 2001, Dr. Christopher Frey from the Department of Civil Engineering at North
Carolina State University headed a team to investigate the emissions reductions that could be
achieved through improvement in traffic management. They used the portable exhaust gas
analyzer, OEM-2100™ from Clean Air Technologies International, Inc., to collect on-road
vehicle emissions. This instrumentation was attached to a small number of vehicles that were
then repeatedly driven on predefined routes.
Two main sites were used for this study; Chapel Hill Road and Walnut Street in North
Carolina. A small number of drivers were used to ensure repeatability in the driving behavior.
Regular unleaded gasoline was used for all vehicle runs and no further fuel information is
available from the study. For details on the study and summary and vehicle information, the
reader should refer to the final report for phase one.
Missing Data:
Exhaust flow
Exhaust flow was submitted with the raw data. However, due to different terminology
that was used, it resulted in none-exporting of exhaust flow. After discussions with the EPA
project manager, the correct variable was determined. The SAS code has been modified and this
additional data was exported to the Ttimejn table.
Missing Supporting Document:
None
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Data Errors:
Humidity values are out of bounds in the Ttime_in table.
Humidity errors were caused by an incorrect conversion equation from relative humidity
to be absolute humidity in the unit of grain of water per pound of dry air. The SAS code has
been modified to correct this problem and the data was exported to the MSOD loadable format.
Additional Table:
None
The complete programs used to read in and modify the data can be found in Appendix G.
Contacts:
H. Christopher Frey
Associate Professor
Department of Civil Engineering
North Carolina State University
Raleigh, NC 27695-7908
Telephone: (919)515-1155
E-mail: frey@eos.ncsu.edu
2.7 University of California CE-CERT
Researchers at the University of California College of Engineering-Center for
Environmental Research and Technology (CECERT) have been conducting a variety of vehicle
test programs for several years.
2.7.1 Comprehensive Modal Emissions Model (NCHRP)
In August 1995, the CECERT at the University of California-Riverside, along with
researchers from the University of Michigan and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, began
a four-year research project to develop a Comprehensive Modal Emissions Model (CMEM),
sponsored by the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP, Project 25-11).
The overall objective of the research project was to develop and verify a modal emissions model
that accurately reflects light-duty vehicle (LDV, i.e., cars and small trucks) emissions produced
as a function of the vehicle's operating mode. The model is comprehensive in the sense that it is
able to predict emissions for a wide variety of LDVs in various states of condition (e.g., properly
functioning, deteriorated, malfunctioning). The model is now complete and capable of predicting
second-by-second tailpipe emissions and fuel consumption for a wide range of
22

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vehicle/technology categories. In creating CMEM, over 350 vehicles were extensively tested on
a chassis dynamometer, where second-by-second measurements were made of both engine-out
and tailpipe emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), oxides of nitrogen (NOx),
and carbon dioxide (C02).
The vehicles used in this study were typically tested with three test cycles: 3-bag FTP,
US06 cycle (bag 4 of the supplemental FTP), and a second by second emissions cycle developed
by CECERT entitled the Modal Emission Cycle (MEC). The MEC was designed to cover a
range of driving modes including steady-state cruise, accelerations, decelerations, and idle. All
vehicles were recruited out of the general vehicle population and whatever gasoline they had in
their tanks was used during testing. For details on the NCHRP study and summary and vehicle
information, the reader should refer to the final report for phase one.
Missing Data:
Missing fuel economy and Dynamometer Setting
Data source was contacted and confirmed that fuel economy is not available for this
study. However, data source suggested ERG calculate the data from the carbon balance method.
After consulting the EPA project manager, we decided not to calculate these data, because there
were no reported fuel properties for the test program.
Data source was contacted and confirmed that dynamometer coefficients are not available
for this study.
Missing Supporting Document:
MEC schedule point is missing.
Data source was contacted and submitted MEC schedule point.
Data Errors:
Humidity values are out of bounds in Dynobjn and Bagjn tables.
Dynosecs are out of bound for a few tests.
Humidity errors were caused by an incorrect conversion equation from relative humidity
to be absolute humidity in the unit of grain of water per pound of dry air. The SAS code has
been modified to correct this problem and export the data to an MSOD loadable format.
23

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After contacting the data source for the out of bound dynosecs in the Time in table, we
were informed that the data were out of bounds because some of the tests were terminated before
the cycle was completed. Any test with an incomplete cycle was added a prefix of "I" in front of
the original values in the test_proc for the Dynob in table.
Additional Table:
None
The complete programs used to read in and modify the data can be found in Appendix H.
Contacts:
Dr. Matthew Barth
Director of Transportation Systems & Vehicle Technology Research Laboratory
Phone: 909-781-5782
E-mail: barth@cert.ucr.edu
2.7.2 CE-CERT Emission of Ammonia for Light-Duty Vehicle (CECERT_NH3)
In 2001, CE-CERT conducted a study to examine the factors that influence ammonia
emissions from light-duty cars and trucks. During this study they tested 39 vehicles on the FTP
driving cycle. All of these tests were performed with whatever gasoline was in the vehicle tank
at the time that the vehicle was procured. During each test they recorded the standard exhaust
measurements along with utilizing Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to measure the
ammonia emissions. They also performed additional testing on five vehicles using the US06, the
New York City Cycle (NYCC), and a high-speed freeway cycle in order to determine the effects
of driving patterns on ammonia emissions. Finally, two vehicles were tested using gasoline with
30 and then 330 ppmw sulfur levels to investigate the effects of fuel sulfur levels. For details on
the study and summary and vehicle information, the reader should refer to the final report for
phase one.
Missing Data:
Missing ambient conditions, THC, and NOx for second by second emissions.
Data source was contacted and re-submitted raw data with ambient values. ERG updated
the Dynob_in and Bag_in tables with the ambient conditions.
Data source was contacted and confirmed that second by second emissions for THC and
NOx are not available for this study.
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Missing Supporting Document:
FWY schedule point is missing.
Data source was contacted and submitted FWY schedule point.
Data Errors:
None
Additional Table:
None
The complete programs used to read in and modify the data can be found in Appendix H.
Contacts:
Dr. Matthew Barth
Director of Transportation Systems & Vehicle Technology Research Laboratory
Phone: 909-781-5782
E-mail: barth@cert.ucr.edu
2.7.3 CE-CERT Heavy Duty Diesel Emissions (CECERT_HDD)
The CE-CERT Heavy Duty Diesel Truck study is an on-going study and has been
released to EPA and ERG under condition that it remains confidential. The emissions data that
ERG was able to procure is on-road tests of 8 vehicles throughout southern California. All
vehicles were tested with diesel fuel. For details on the study and summary and vehicle
information, the reader should refer to the final report for phase one.
Missing Data:
None
Missing Supporting Document:
None
Data Errors:
None
25

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Additional Table:
None
Contacts:
Dr. Matthew Barth
Director of Transportation Systems & Vehicle Technology Research Laboratory
Phone: 909-781-5782
E-mail: barth@cert.ucr.edu
2.8 University of Texas (TXDOT_UT)
The University of Texas at Austin conducted a study for the Texas Department of
Transportation (TxDOT) on the use of new fuels in heavy-duty diesel vehicles. The primary
purpose of the study was to evaluate new fuels with regard to changes in emissions, maximum
power, and fuel economy. Second-by-second activity data was collected on two single axle dump
trucks (four weeks total), two tandem axle dump trucks (four weeks total), a telescoping boom
excavator (one week), and a wheeled loader (one week) during their normal work activity. The
activity data was used to build chassis dynamometer test cycles for the single axle and tandem
axle dump trucks and to build engine dynamometer test cycles for the excavator and loader. The
chassis and engine test cycles were then used to generate second-by-second HC, CO, and NOx
emissions data for eight dump trucks and for two diesel engines, respectively. The fuels used
during the testing included two low sulfur diesel fuels, a high sulfur diesel fuel, and PuriNOx
diesel fuel.
For details on the study and summary and vehicle information, the reader should refer to
the final report for phase two.
Missing Data:
Twenty tests (from 126) have missing CO and C02 values for Time_in table
Data source was contacted and confirmed that CO and C02 values are not available for
these 20 tests.
Missing Supporting Document:
All schedule points are missing.
Data source was contacted and submitted schedule points for all available test schedules.
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Data Errors:
Humidity values are out of bounds in Dynob_in and Bag in tables.
Test phase and start time of Time in table were not properly assigned.
Humidity errors were caused by an incorrect conversion equation from relative humidity
to be absolute humidity in the unit of grain of water per pound of dry air. The SAS code has
been modified to correct this problem and export the data to an MSOD loadable format.
The SAS code has been edited to export the proper test phase and dynosec for the
Timejn table.
Additional Table:
Ltimein
The primary modifications and available fields are discussed below.
•	The ctr tst id were assigned to be the same values as in the timejn table.
•	Following variables were filled with measured values from the raw data.
Dynosec - Elapse time on dynamometer test in second
Cvs_flow - Constant volume sample in standard cubic feet per second
Dil_thc - Total hydrocarbon in ppm by volume after mixed with dilution
air
Dil co	- Carbon monoxide in ppm by volume after mixed with dilution air
Dil_co2 - Carbon dioxide in percent by volume after mixed with dilution
air
Dil nox - Nitrogen oxide in percent by volume after mixed with dilution air
Df	- Dilution Factor
• Back ground concentration of measured pollutants at the beginning of each test
were populated into tmeas_in table.
The complete programs used to read in and modify the data can be found in Appendix I.
Contacts:
Sandeep Kishan
Vice President, ERG
phone: 512-407-1830
email: sandeep.kishan@erg.com
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2.9 West Virginia University (WVIM - WVU_4)
In 1992, West Virginia University (WVU) developed two transportable chassis
dynamometer laboratories for testing heavy-duty vehicles. Each dynamometer is set up on a flat-
bed trailer and is designed to allow a heavy-duty truck or bus to be driven onto it and tested. The
rollers of the dynamometer are free rotating and are not used to absorb any load. Instead, power
is taken directly from the drive wheels through an adapter coupled to a flywheel, which simulates
inertial load, and eddy current power absorbers, which simulate road load. The exhaust gas is
ducted to a dilution tunnel and from there sample pipes bring the exhaust into the analyzers.
WVU has used this equipment to conduct numerous studies for both private and public
organizations. In phase one and two, EPA was able to procure some of the test data from 13
different test sites. However, this still does not constitute all the data that WVU has collected so
that WVU remains a source for possible future collection. It should also be noted here that while
all data has been received according to test site, WVU has been unable to suggest how each site
may be associated with a specific test report. For details on the study and summary and vehicle
information, the reader should refer to the final report for phase one and phase two.
Missing Data:
Test weight, Road hp and Dyno coefficients for Dynob_in table
Test weight was submitted with the raw data. Due to a technical problem, the test weights
were not populated out properly. The Dynob_in table was updated with test weight in this phase
of the project.
Data source was contacted and confirmed that Road_hp and Dyno coefficients are not
available for this study.
Missing Supporting Document:
All schedule points are missing.
Data source was contacted and submitted schedule points for all available test schedules.
Data Errors:
EPA discovered negative emissions in one of the WVU datasets and requested that ERG
populate all WVU with raw values.
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The SAS code has been modified to export these values. The update tables of Time in
were created and submitted to EPA
Additional Table:
Ltimein
The primary modifications and available fields are discussed below.
•	The ctr tst id were assigned to be the same values as in time_in table.
•	Following variables were filled with measured values from the raw data.
Dynosec
- Elapse time on dynamometer test in second
Tothp
-Total power in hp unit
Torql
-Hubl torque in FtLb
Torq2
-Hub2 torque in FtLb
Power 1
-Hubl power in hp
Power2
-Hub2 power in hp
Espeedl
-Hubl speed in rpm
Espeed2
-Hub2 speed in rpm
The complete program used to read in and modify the data can be found in Appendix J.
Contacts:
Ralph Nine
Program Coordinator
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
Morgantown, WV 26506-6106
Phone: (304) 293-3111 ext. 2463
E-mail: Ralph.Nine@mail.wvu.edu
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3.0	Inspection and Maintenance Programs
3.1	Overview
Test data from three inspection and maintenance (I/M) programs were highlighted for
collection and inclusion into the MSOD. The selected programs were the Arizona Car Care
program (AZIM 0201), British Columbia AirCare program (BCIM0101), and the Colorado
Air Care program (CO IM 9901). All three programs use centralized testing facilities operated
by a primary contractor with tests administered by trained technicians. Each program allows
clean vehicles to "fast pass" the emissions test when their emissions drop below a pre-
determined fast pass level for that portion of the test and the test is ended. Table3.1 presents a
summary of the number of tests and vehicles by each I/M program. For details of the programs,
the reader should refer to the final report for phase one.
Since all three I/M programs consisted of more than 5 million tests, EPA is in the process
of modifying the loading table to handle this I/M data. For this work assignment, only one error
was discovered; an out of bounds value for humidity in Dynob in and Bag in tables.
Table 3-1: Coverage of I/M Datasets
Program
Start Date
End Date
Number of Tests
Arizona
January 1, 2002
June 30, 2002
317,192
Colorado
January 1, 1999
September 1, 2002
4,366,275
British Columbia
January 1, 2001
June 3, 2002
532,792
Grand Total


5,216,259
3.2 Arizona Car Care (AZ_IM_YYMM)
Arizona has been conducting an enhanced vehicle-testing program in Phoenix since 1995.
As part of this program, most light duty gasoline vehicles, model years 1981 through 1995,
undergo an IM147 test on a biennial basis. Arizona has provided the results of all IM147 tests
performed from January through June 2002 for inclusion into the EPA MSOD. For details on the
study and summary and vehicle information, the reader should refer to the final report for phase
one.
Missing Data:
None
Missing Supporting Document:
None
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Data Errors:
Humidity values are out of bounds in the Dynob_in and Bag_in table.
Humidity errors were caused by an incorrect conversion equation from relative humidity
to be absolute humidity in the unit of grain of water per pound of dry air. The SQL code has
been written for EPA to correct this data before loading it into the MSOD format.
Additional Table:
None
The complete program used to read in and modify the data can be found in Appendix K.
Contacts:
John Walls
Arizona Department of Environmental Quality
Phone: 602-207-7027
E-mail: walls.john@ev.state.az.us
3.3 British Columbia AirCare (BC_IM_YYMM)
A vehicle inspection and maintenance (I/M) program entitled "AirCare" was started in
British Columbia, Canada, in 1992. This program originally used centralized testing facilities to
perform ASM 2525/idle test procedures. In 2000, the program was reviewed and modified into
AirCare II. In the new program, IM240 tests were used for vehicle model years over 1991. Data
from the AirCare from January 2001 through June 2002 program has been made available for
inclusion into EPA's MSOD. For details on the study and summary and vehicle information, the
reader should refer to the final report for phase one.
Missing Data:
None
Missing Supporting Document:
None
Data Errors:
Humidity values are out of bounds in the Dynob_in and Bag_in table.
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Humidity errors were caused by an incorrect conversion equation from relative humidity
to be absolute humidity in the unit of grain of water per pound of dry air. The SQL code has
been written for EPA to correct this data before loading it into the MSOD format.
Additional Table:
None
The complete program used to read in and modify the data can be found in Appendix K.
Contacts:
Mr. David Gourley
The Greater Vancouver Transportation Authority, also known as "TransLink"
Phone: 604-453-5170
E-mail: dave_gourley@translink.bc.ca
3.4 Colorado Air Care (CO_IM_YYMM)
Colorado's inspection and maintenance (I/M) program, titled "Air Care," was started in
January of 1995. All 1982 and newer vehicles in Denver and surrounding effected areas are
required to have an IM240 emissions test every two years at one of the 15 Air Care testing
stations. The test facilities are operated by Envirotest Systems Corp., a subsidiary of
Environmental Systems Products, Inc. (ESP). Vehicles older then 1982 are only required to pass
an idle emissions test annually and can be taken to any Envirotest Air Care center or to any
licensed independent testing center. For details on the study and summary and vehicle
information, the reader should refer to the final report for phase one.
Missing Data:
None
Missing Supporting Document:
None
Data Errors:
Humidity values are out of bounds in the Dynob_in and Bag_in table.
Humidity errors were caused by an incorrect conversion equation from relative humidity
to be absolute humidity in the unit of grain of water per pound of dry air. The SQL code has
been written for EPA to correct this data before loading it into MSOD format.
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Additional Table:
None
The complete program used to read in and modify the data can be found in Appendix K.
Contacts:
Mr. James Sidebottom
Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment
Phone: 303-692-3149
E-mail: James.Sidebottom@state.co.us
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4.0 Conclusions
The MSOD update project began in August, 2002 and has been on-going. This work
assignment was assigned to address the missing data, missing supporting documents, the
correction of the vehicle-testing data that was submitted under WA No. 3-06, and submittal of
additional tables. ERG acquired data from thirteen special studies and three inspection and
maintenance (I/M) programs for a total number of tests that were provided to EPA of over 5.25
million. During these three phases there were many obstacles that were encountered while
processing this information. Some obstacles may have been preventable while some may have
been unavoidable. The obstacles are listed below.
•	Once the data was processed and submitted to EPA, EPA ran the submitted data
through a QA program. Any errors found were communicated to ERG for
investigation and correction. In phase one and two of this project, we waited until
the end of each phase and submitted all data together to EPA. This submittal
process was not practical enough since some data contained errors and it was only
discovered after the project ended. In phase three of this project, any new or
corrected data were submitted to EPA as soon as it was completed. Processing
data in this manner allowed EPA enough time to perform QA on the data and for
ERG to verify and correct any data errors.
•	Schedule point table was designed for housing data on the time base basis while
many of the test cycles for heavy-duty vehicle are route base.
•	The length of schedule point was limited to 5 characters long, some special
studies developed many schedule points of their own and it was challenging to
modify their names to be only 5 characters long.
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