The Spatial and Source Type Distribution of Emissions of Selected Toxic
Volatile Organic Compounds in the United States in 1990
William G. Benjey*
Atmospheric Sciences Modeling Division
Air Resources Laboratory
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
ABSTRACT
An improved interim toxic emission inventory for the purpose of screening-level
regional dispersion and deposition modeling is estimated from a 1990 interim emission
inventory of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) for the United States. The VOC emission
inventory was derived by updating portions of the 1985 National Acid Precipitation
Assessment Program emission inventory. The most current emission factors and speciation
profiles available in late 1992 are used to derive emission estimates for specific toxic
compounds. Emission factors are used in preference to speciation where possible. The
annual anthropogenic emissions, principal contributing source types, and spatial distributions
for four selected toxic VOCs, including acrylonitrile, benzene, perchloroethylene, and
trichloroethylene, are presented for the United States. The resulting emission estimates are
an improvement over an earlier application of this approach, despite necessary heavy reliance
on general and default speciation profiles. Emission totals generally exceed national
estimates based on partial or top-down inventory approaches by one to two orders of
magnitude. The source type and geographical concentrations of toxic VOCs, as well as
further emission data needs are discussed. For each toxic compound examined, annual
emissions for dominant point, area, and mobile source categories are presented, with the
emphasis on demonstrating any distinct geographic patterns. In general, point source toxic
emissions are coincident with urban concentrations and chemical industry concentrations.
INTRODUCTION
The requirements of Title III of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 19901 have
created a need for a variety of toxic air emission data, including numerous studies and
regulatory activities for specified toxic substances. Title in also requires that the transport
and deposition of toxic substances into the "Great Waters" (the Great Lakes, Lake
Champlain, Chesapeake Bay, and other specified coastal waters) of the United States be
investigated. This requires detailed toxic emission inventories for all sources on at least a
national scale. Such an inventory based on traditional facility reporting does not exist.
To address the need for regional or national toxic emission inventories, EPA
examined existing toxic emission inventory data in the absence of any single inventory with
information suitable for regional air quality modeling, and began compilation of an estimated
* On assignment to the Atmospheric Research and Assessment Laboratory, U. S.
Environmental Protection Agency

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national interim toxic annual emission inventory.2,3 The initial compilation effort focused
on 26 compounds of interest in the Great Lakes area. Because of limited emission factors
and activity data for toxic emissions, the emission estimates were based on speciation4 of the
base year 1985 total suspended particulate (TSP) and volatile organic compound (VOC)
inventories gathered for the National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program (NAPAP).5
The results were generally two or more orders of magnitude larger than existing toxic
emission estimates, such as the emissions estimates prepared for the Province of Ontario.6
This was due in part to old data used in NAPAP, in some cases dating to the 1970s; and to
uniform application of speciation profiles of different quality to sources with variable
characteristics. An effort to improve the interim toxic emission inventory is underway. This
paper has three-objectives with respect to the improvement effort. The first objective is to
summarize the procedure for expansion and improvement of the interim toxic emission
inventory using updated base inventories, the most current chemical and source-type-specific
emission factors, and updated speciation profiles. The second objective is to examine the
basis of the toxic emission estimates using four examples. Finally, the geographical
distribution of the example toxic emissions are presented as examples of the magnitude and
spatial variability of toxic emissions.
METHODOLOGY
The updated interim annual toxic emission inventory uses the 1990 EPA interim
national emission inventory7 as the basis for VOC-related toxic emissions. Because the-1990
inventory does not address particulate matter, the updated toxic emission inventory will use
the 1985 NAPAP inventory for particulate-related toxic emissions. The 1990 interim
inventory will be improved as 1990 emission data from the states are completed under the
State Implementation Program for ozone precursor pollutants. There is generally insufficient
information at this time to perform temporal allocation of the estimated emissions to
seasonal, daily, or hourly values. Sixty compounds, including the 26 previously addressed,
were tentatively selected for the updated toxic emission inventory, based on a draft ranking
of Agency program needs and compound toxicity. Current information was examined to
extract emission factors for each toxic pollutant-emission source category pair. Where there
was no emission factor information, the best available speciation profile information was
determined for speciation profile-emission source category pairs. Although the information
available is improved from 1991, in most instances it was necessary to use a default profile.
The default profiles are average representations of all profiles currently available, and
although improved, are of low quality when applied to specific sources. Emission estimates
attributable to default profiles were tracked to help define uncertainty in the interim toxic
emission inventory. The estimated annual emissions of each toxic compound were calculated
by following similar, but slightly different procedures for point, area and mobile sources.
Point Sources
To estimate point source emissions, it was necessary to determine if an emission
factor existed for each compound-source type combination. If so, emissions were estimated
by multiplying the emission factor with the corresponding activity data for each source. If
not, available information was investigated to determine if a source type-speciation profile
pair was available for the toxic compound. If so, the speciation factor in the profile for the
toxic compound was multiplied against the total VOC or TSP for the source, as appropriate.

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If there was neither an emission factor nor directly applicable speciation profile, a general
default profile was used.
Area Sources
Because of a lack of appropriate emission factors and area source activity data, area
source emissions were estimated by speciation. If a source type-speciation profile pair was
available that included the toxic compound, the speciation weight factor was multiplied with
the VOC emission for the source. If no directly applicable source type-speciation profile wa
available, a speciation weight factor from a general default profile was used.
Mobile Sources
Mobile source emissions for criteria pollutants are calculated for specific vehicle
types, road use, and environmental conditions. This procedure is not available for direct
determination of toxic emissions. Consequently, mobile source emissions were estimated by
speciation. Speciation profiles specific to vehicle exhaust and portions of evaporative loss
were used where available. If the specific profiles were not applicable, more general profile
linked to mobile source types were used. In the absence of either kind of emission profile, ;
general default speciation profile was used.
BASIS OF INFORMATION
This paper presents example preliminary emission estimates for each state for the
VOC-based toxic compounds acrylonitrile, benzene, perchloroethylene and trichloroethylene
(Table 1). These compounds were selected because of their common use. Benzene is a
constituent of fuels, while perchloroethylene and trichloroethylene are solvents often used in
degreasing. Emission estimates for these examples are based on the VOC emissions in the
1990 EPA interim emission inventory. In each case, the point source emissions were
estimated using a combination of emission factors and speciation. The results are of the
same order of magnitude as the previous version of the interim toxic emission inventory.
Decreases and increases varied from none to a factor of eight, reflecting changes in emissior
factors and speciation profiles. The fraction of estimated emissions for point, area, and
mobile sources for each compound derived from emission factors, speciation with source-
type-specific profiles, and general default profiles is given in Tables 2 and 3.
Despite substantial new information, the frequency of use of general default speciatioi
profiles ranges between 90 and 100 percent of all sources for most toxic emissions. Benzent
is an exception because more emission factors are available. The emission estimates in this
paper for acrylonitrile and benzene are more than two orders of magnitude larger than
emission estimates by the 1991 Toxic Chemical Release Inventory System (TRIS).8 The
trichloroethylene emission estimates are one order of magnitude larger than the TRIS
estimate. The differences are attributable to several factors. The TRIS does not include are;
or mobile sources in estimating emissions, or many non-manufacturing point sources.
Because area sources are extremely important for emissions of three of the four toxic air
pollutants addressed in this paper, it is to be expected that the emission estimates will be
larger than the TRIS estimates. There is evidence that, even when only point sources from <.
reported facility-level inventory are compared to TRIS, TRIS emissions are at least an order
of magnitude too low.9 Limited measured emission data makes it difficult to quantify the
accuracy of the estimates presented in this paper. The estimates may be somewhat high,

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despite the use of new emission factors and profiles, because of the continued need to use
generalized speciation or default profiles for many source categories. Application of
averaged speciation profiles to many small sources tends to increase the total emissions.
Small sources can not be ignored in a comprehensive inventory. However, use of averaged
or default speciation profiles tends to overestimate emissions because all existing speciation
profiles are not complete (which may inflate the relative percentage weight of compounds
that are in the profile), and averaged profiles are probably not applicable to some of the
sources. Tables 2 and 3 illustrate the heavy reliance on speciation profiles, both in terms of
the number of sources addressed and in terms of the amount of emissions. The basis for
estimating overall emissions will improve as more air toxic emission factors are developed
and used. In the meantime, estimates made using the approach described here provide a first
order working estimate of toxic emissions from all sources and the means by which
screening-level dispersion and deposition modeling can begin.
DISTRIBUTION OF EMISSIONS
As expected, the geographical distribution of emissions reflects population,
manufacturing, and petrochemical industry concentrations. States with large chemical
industries generally have the greatest point source emissions of the selected toxic compounds
(Table 4). Benzene emissions are a factor of two to three larger than emissions of the other
three chemicals because of the prevalence of benzene in fuels and chemical processes.
Emissions from area sources (Table 5) and mobile sources (Table 6) reflect the relative
populations and concomitant economic activity levels of the states, consistent with estimates
of VOC for area and point sources.
Mobile and area sources of vehicle exhaust and evaporative loss, fuel transport and
storage, degreasing, and cleaning are the predominant emission sources of acrylonitrile,
benzene, and perchloroethylene (Table 7). Trichloroethylene emissions are principally from
point sources of cleaning, degreasing and adhesive application. The manufacture of these
compounds is also an important emission source. The locations of the dominant source types
are consistent with the geographical distribution of the emissions mentioned previously.
CONCLUSIONS
This paper presents an estimation procedure and resulting national and state estimates
of annual anthropogenic emissions of four example toxic compounds from the 60 compounds
for which emission estimates are being prepared. Although heavily dependent upon default
speciation profiles, these emission estimates represent an improved first order, possibly large
estimate for a regional dispersion modeling inventory including most sources. The TRIS
estimates are by definition less than the total emissions of any given toxic air emission. The
uncertainty in the emission estimates provides an accuracy limitation on regional dispersion
modeling efforts, and limits modeling results to relative transport and deposition patterns
demonstrating ranges of quantitative results.
DISCLAIMER
This paper has been reviewed in accordance with the U. S. Environmental Protection
Agency's peer and administrative review policies and approved for presentation and
publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute
endorsement or recommendation for use.

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REFERENCES
1.	United States Code; Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990, Public Law 99-499; Washington,
D.C.; 1990.
2.	Benjey, W.G.; "Status and Needs for Toxic Emission Inventories for Regional Dispersion and
Deposition Modeling," in Proceedings of the EPA/AWMA International Specialty Conference
on Emission Inventory Issues in the 1990's\ Air and Waste Management Association:
Pittsburgh, PA. 1991; pp. 221-231.
3.	Benjey, W.G. and Coventry, D.H.; "Geographical Distribution and Source Type Analysis of
. Toxic Metal .Emissions," in Proceedings of the 1992 U.S. EPA/A&WMA International
Symposium on Measurement of Toxic and Related Air Pollutants, VIP-25; Air and Waste
Management Association: Pittsburgh, PA, 1992; pp. 1029-1034.
4.	Radian Corporation; Volatile Organic Compound (VOC)/Particulate Matter (PM) Speciation
Data System Documentation and User's Guide, EPA Contract No. 68-02-4286, WA No. 115;
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, 1990; 59 pp.
5. Saeger, M., Langstaff, J., Walters, R., Modica, L., Zimmerman, Pratt, D., Dulleba,_D. and
Werner, A.S.; The 1985 NAPAP Emissions Inventory (Version 2): Development of the Annual
Data and Modeler's Tapes, EPA-600/7-89-012a; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency:
Research Triangle Park, 1989; 692 pp.
6. Johnson, N.D., Scholtz, M.T., Cassaday, V., Davidson, K., and Ord, DMOE Toxic
Chemical Emission Inventory for Ontario and Eastern North America, Report No. P.92-T61-
5429/OG, Ontario Ministry of the Environment: Rexdale, Ontario, 1992, 402 pp.
7. Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards; Regional Interim Emission Inventories (1987-
1991): Volume I: Development Methodologies, EPA-454/R-93-021a; U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency: Research Triangle Park, 1993; 109 pp.
8.	Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics; 1991 Toxics Release Inventory: Public Data.
Release, EPA 745-R-93-003; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency: Washington, D.C.,
1993; 363 pp.
9.	Marty, M.A., Alexseff, G.V., and Collins, J.F.; "Air Emissions and Associated Cancer Risks
of Selected Carcinogens in California," in Proceedings of the International Specialty
Conference on the Emission Inventory: Perception and Reality, Air and Waste Management
Association: Pittsburgh, PA. (in press).

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Table 1. Selected annual state total toxic volatile organic compound emissions (tons per year)
based on 1990 interim emissions inventory.
State
Aciylo-

nitrile
AL
3589
AZ
1539
AR
1381
CA
11349
CO
1317 ~
CT
1168
DE
678
DC
144
FL
5121
GA
3813
ID
1017
IL
6135
IN
3697
LA
1370
KS
1380
KY
2143
LA
4221
ME
537
MD
1692
MA
2374
MI
4493
MN
2335
MS
1863
MO
3114
MT
796
NE
764
NV
485
NH
435
NJ
3551
NM
813
NY
7305
NC
4787
ND
457
OH
5893
OK
1723
OR
1582
PA
5871
RI
418
SC
4103
SD
537
TN
3673
TX
34088
UT
794
VT
246
VA
4726
WA
2726
WV
3873
W1
2838
WY
360
TOTAL
159314
Perchloro-
Trichloro-
ethylene
ethylene
3909
2666
1796
1141
1620
1027
13921
25527
1580
' 2830
1335
829
813
499
173
106
6165
5466
4055
2817
1227
754
8196
62270
1202
10896
1608
1492
1645
1177
2566
1525
4086
39333
645
397
1980
1231 *
2867
52725
5577
4309
2807
2115
2422
1992
3991
5614
958
588
928
592
537
360
531
11860
3734
2541
978
601
7002
4376
5498
4668
540
336
6214
4231
2441
4771
1901
1179
5956
4450
519
299
2739
3308
648
399
4290
4977
24840 .
14811
932
580
296
211
4247
2887
3213
2008
1976
36872
3956
18329
431
265
165956
354237
Benzene
17949
8242
8003
64284
7547
6473
3694
832
27836
20966
5285
39443
20898
7116
7811
12898
26191
3295
9395
13237
26395
13541
9948
16422
4911
4061
2802
2552
21472
4979
35116
26046
2478
28352
9818
8711
31186
2451
19668
2815
21993
144786
4602
1468
19056
15965
22866
15736
2624
834216

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Table 2. Frequency of emission estimation method use.
Acrvlonitrile
Emission factors
Number of times used
Percent of total
Specified emission profiles
Number of times used
Percent of total
Default profile
Number of times used
Percent of total
Total number of sources
Benzene
Emission factors
Number of times used
Percent of total
Specified emission profiles
Number of times used
Percent of total
Default profile
Number of times used
Percent of total
Total number of sources
Perchloroethvlene
Emission factors
Number of times used
Percent of total
Specified emission profiles
Number of times used
Percent of total
Default profile
Number of times used
Percent of total
Total number of sources
Trichloroethvlene
Emission factors
Number of times used
Percent of total
Specified emission profiles
Number of times used
Percent of total
Default profile
Number of times used
Percent of total
Total number of sources
Point sources
7
0.1
4275
9.0
41132
90.9
45414
122
0.3
27242
60.0
18050
39.7
45414
77
0.2
916
2.0
44421
97.8
45414
230
1.0
853
2.0
44331
97.0
45419
Area sources
0
0
618
0.3
207692
99.7
208310
0
0
5660
3.0
202650
97.0
208310
0
0
1886
1.0
206424
99.0
208310
0
0
0
0
208310
100.0
45419
Mobile sources
0
0
0
0
187744
100.0
187744
0
0
187744
100.0
0
0
187744
0
0
0
0
187744
100.0
187744
0
0
0
0
187744
100.0
45419

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Table 3. Estimation basis of emission amounts (tons per year).
Point sources
profiles
i profiles
Acrvlonitrile
Emission factors
Amount due to emission factors
Percent of total
Specified emission
"Amount due to
Percent of total
Default profile
Amount due to
Percent of total
Total amount
Benzene
Emission factors
Amount due to
Percent of total
Specified emission
Amount due to
Percent of total
Default profile
Amount due to
Percent of total
Total amount
Perchloroethvlene
Emission factors
Amount due to
Percent of total
Specified emission
Amount due to
Percent of total
Default profile
Amount due to
Percent of total
Total amount
Trichloroethvlene
Emission factors
Amount due to
Percent of total
Specified emission
Amount due to
Percent of total
Default profile
Amount due to
Percent of total
Total amount
53
0.1
"27603 -
58.0
default profile 19583
41.9
47240 .
emission factors 2313
1.0
profiles
profiles	150488
70.0
default profile 61602
29.0
214403
emission factors 3776
9.0
profiles
profiles	9830
23.0
default profile 29207
97.8
42813
emission factors 246023
91.0
profiles
profiles	7287
3.0
default profile 17857
6.0
271167
Area sources
0
0
1.131
4.0
'0160
96.0
72897
0
0
84198
24.0
264303
76.0
348501
0
0
1940
3.0
73921
99.0
75861
0
0
0
0
53749
100.0
53749
Mobile sources
0
0
0
0
39315
100.0
39315
0
0
272965
100.0
0
0
272965
0
0
0
0
47450
100.0
47450
0
0
0
0
29148
100.0
29148

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Table 4. Annual estimated point source emissions of selected toxic volatile organic
compounds (tons per year) based on the 1990 interim emissions inventory.
State
Acrylo-

nitrile
AL
1285
AZ
13
AR
238
CA
. ..720
CO
35
CT
85
DE
78
DC
4
FL
130
GA
292
ID
4
IL
2081
IN
940
IA
99
KS
177
KY
599
LA
999
ME
32
MD
175
MA
347
MI
606
MN
335
MS
342
MO
867
MT
35
NE
27
NV
4
NH
28
NJ
672
NM
47
NY
2355
NC
1299
ND
11
OH
1511
OK
144
OR
257
PA
1236
RI
69
SC
177
SD
45
TN
1273
TX
23060
UT
63
VT
6
VA
2095
WA
314
WV
1220
WI
711
WY
98
TOTAL
47240
Perchloro-
Trichloro-
ethylene
ethylene
1489
962
16
10
269
182
1673
17687
42
1607
57
27
93
57
5
3
156
1770
347
213
5
3
3429
59286
2515
8860
79
551
211
289
732
384
998
36971
39
24.
167
109
438
51225
1050
1432
405
637
631
873
1300
3952
42
26
42
47
4
3
41
11558
644
416
57
35
1105
714
1367
2089
11
7
1250
995
632
3609
312
198
882
1033
101
42
214
398
55
34
1428
3203
14690
6672
65
40
7
33
1092
940
339
228
748
34906
1421
16756
118
72
42812
271167
Benzene
6077
274
2247
.. 3168
167
399
461
21
1189
2069
97
15092
5231
336
1029
4071
7985
317
670
1478
3330
1943
1737
3977
735
110
14
157
5718
361
6497
8029
63
2982
560
1394
4815
465
949
227
9110
87164
245
37
4614
1836
10496
3430
1030
214403

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Table 5. Annual estimated area source emissions of selected volatile organic compounds (tons
per year) based on the 1990 interim emission inventory.
State
Acrylo-
Benzene
Perchloro-
Trichloro-

nitrile

ethylene
ethylene
AL
1394
6398
1322
1030
AZ
858
4017
974
636
AR
732
3193
856
541
CA
6402
32305
7146
4706
CO
793
3745
948
587
CT
694
3235
809
514
DE
489
2420
586
360
DC
82
396
98
60
FL
2731
12807
3282
2021
GA
2189
10171
2100
1616
ID
828
3862
999
614
IL
2532
13009
2930
1855
IN
1761
8310
1951
1298
IA
841
3723
1010
622
KS
785
3783
930
578
KY
942
4604
1107
694
LA
2424
13238
2125
1770
ME
289
1300
346
213
ME
837
3925
992
618"
MA
1271
6062
1516
939
MI
2279
10736
2586
1685
MN
1277
6012
1529
942
MS
1031
5278
1200
756
MO
1323
5857
1576
977
MT
604
2974
726
446
NE
485
2116
581
358
NV
280
1296
291
208
NH
234
1082
282
174
NJ
1943
9144
1960
1431
NM
403
1911
483
297
NY
3040
14179
3591
2246
NC
2261
10177
2650
1669
ND
318
1453
374
234
OH
2715
13343
2952
2000
OK
966
5109
1069
707
OR
866
4042
1035
640
PA
3024
14633
3130
2223
RI
224
1045
267
165
SC
3264
14744
1725
2419
SD
352
1552
424
261
TN
1487
7051
1760
1097
TX
7846
37744
6310
5780
UT
428
2135
501
315
VT
135
612
162
100
VA
1682
7779
2010
1243
WA
1578
8059
1867
1161
WV
2386
10529
906
1768
WI
1302
5993
1540
962
WY
153
758
182
112
TOTAL
72760
347847
75696
53648

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Table 6. Annual estimated mobile source emissions of selected volatile organic compounds
(tons per year) based on 1990 interim emissions inventory.
State
Acrylo-
Benzene
Perchloro-
Trichloro-

litrile

ethylene
ethylene
AL
910
5474
1098 '
674
AZ
668
3951
806
495
AR
411
2563
495
304
CA
mi
28811
5102
3134
CO
489
3635
590
363
CT
389
2839
469
288
DE
111
813
134
82
DC
58
415
70
43
FL
2260
13840
2727
1675
GA
1332
8726
1608
988
ID
185
1326
223
137
IL
1522
11342
1837
1129
IN .
996
7357
1202
738
IA
430
3057
519
319
KS
418
2999
504
310
KY
602
4223
727
447
LA
798
4968
963
592
ME
216
1678
260
160
MD
680
4800
821
504 .
MA
756
5697
913
561
MI
1608
12329
1941
1192
MN
723
5586
873
536
MS
490
2933
591
363
MO
924
6588
1115
685
MT
157
1202
190
117
NE
252
1835
305
187
NV
201
1492
242
149
NH
173
1313
208
128
NJ
936
6610
1130
694
NM
363
2707
438
269
NY
1910
14440
2306
1416
NC
1227
7840
1481
910
ND
128
962
155
95
OH
1667
12027
2012
1236
OK
613
4149
740
455
OR
459
3275
554
341
PA
1611
11738
1944
1194
RI
125
941
151
92
sc
662
3975
800
491
SD
140
1036
169
104
TN
913
5832
1102
677
TX
3182
19878
3840
2359
UT
303
2222
366
225
VT
105
819
127
78
VA
949
6663
1145
704
WA
834
6070
1007
619
WV
267
1841
322
198
WI
825
6313
995
611
WY
109
836
131
81
TOTAL
39314
271966
47448
29149

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Table 7. Source category codes* associated with the greater portion of emissions from
selected toxic volatile organic compounds.
Percent of Estimated Annual Total Emissions in the United States
ACRVT.ONTTRTT.F. BENZENE PERCHLOROETHYLENE TRICHLOROETHYLEN
SCC
j/k.
SCC
%
SCC
%
SCC
&
30
11
30
14
30
13
40100306
23
109
7
28
6
95
8
40200701
21
95
7
95
6
28
6
30101801
17
30125405
6
109
6
39
5
40100205
8
28
5
34
5
40100203
5
30
4
39
4
39
4
34
4
109
2
34
4
30199999
4
54
3
95
2
30190099
3
104
3
93
3
28
2
30101899
3
32
3
78
3
39
1
54
3
54
2
103
2
34
1
Subtotal
53

53

52

81
Others
47

47

48

19
Total
100

100

100

100
Percent of total emissions by general source group
Point
30

26

26

77
Area
46

42

46

15
Mobile
24

32

28

8
* Source Category Code (SCC Code) key. Two
codes are point sources.
28	- Lgt. duty gas vehicles, rural roads
32	- Lgt. duty gas. trucks, rural roads
39	- Off-highway gasoline vehicles
78	- Degreasing
95	- Misc. nonindustrial solvent use
104	- Fugitive emiss., petrol.refmeries
30100801 - Chloro-alkali production
30101899 - Misc. general plastics production
30190099 - Waste gas flares
40100203 - Perchloroethylene degreasing
40100306 - Trichloroethylene cleaning
three-digit codes are area or mobile sources, seven-digit
30	- Lgt. duty gas vehicles, urban roads
34	- Lgt. duty gas trucks, urban roads
54	- Gasoline marketing
93	- Misc. industrial manufacturing
103	- Bulk terminals and plants
109	- Hazard, waste treatment and storage
30101801	- Polyvinyl chloride production
30125405	- Aciylonitrile production
30199999	- Misc. chemical manufacturing
40100205	- Trichloroethylene degreasing
40200701	- General adhesive application

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KEY WORDS
emission inventory
emission factors
acrylonitrile
benzene
perchloroethylene
trichloroethylene

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