(Summary Report)
Environmental Risk Study
For
City of Chester, Pennsylvania
Conducted by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Region III
in conjunction with the
Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Resources
June, 1995
-------
***************
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency wishes to
acknowledge the cooperation and support efforts of the
Pennsylvania Department Qf Environmental Resources(PADER), the
PADER Region I Office, the Pennsylvania Department of Health,
Bureau of Epidemiology, the Delaware County Commissioners,
Chester City Council, Mayor Barbara Bohannori-Shepard, Chester
Citizens Concerned for Quality Living, Public Interest Law Center
of Philadelphia, Delaware Valley Toxics Coalition, and Pacific
Environmental Services Inc.
***************************************
This report is a condensed version of the Chester Risk
Study, Technical Support Document written by staff at the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency Region III Office in
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and which is currently undergoing a
scientific peer review as required by Agency policy.
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) policy for
releasing technical studies of the type outlined in this summary
document is that they must clear the peer review process prior to
release to the public. The interim draft report summary presented
here is being made available to the public for a dual purpose:
1.) in order to begin the follow up and mitigation process
necessary to better define and subsequently reduce the risks to
human health in the City of Chester, Pennsylvania.
2.) to provide general guidance as a "model protocol"
jrelated to methods of performing aggregated risk studies at other
locations. It is generally accepted that cumulative risk studies
are needed to provide technical information and a framework for
decision-making related to proposed and/or current sources of
pollution.
****************************************
-------
Environmental Risk Study for the Citv of Chester.Pennsylvania
The Chester Risk Assessment Project was part of an
initiative by the United States Environmental Protection Agency
(USEPA) Region III and agencies of the Commonwealth of
Pennsylvania to study environmental risks, health, and regulatory
issues in the Chester, Pennsylvania area.
Study Conclusions and Reco™np_ndati cms
CONCLUSIONS
1 - Blood lead levels in the children of Chester is unacc
-------
5 - While fugitive dust emissions have not shown to be a
significant component of risk in the City, a program to minimize
fugitive emissions from dirt piles and streets should be
instituted to alleviate this nuisance.
6 - While noise and odor levels were not shown to be a
significant component of risk in the City, a noise and odor
monitoring program should be instituted in areas most likely to
suffer from these nuisances. If significant levels are found, a
noise and/or odor reduction program should be implemented in
those areas.
Study Method and Procedures
Background
The City of Chester is located approximately 15 miles
southwest of Philadelphia along the Delaware River. According to
the 1990 United States Census, 41,856 persons reside in Chester,
which has an area of 4.8 square miles. Surrounding communities
also examined in development of this report include Eddystone,
Trainer, Marcus Hook, and Linwood. Major surface transportation
routes transect Chester including Interstate 95, and US Route 13,
which parallels Interstate 95 to the east. US Route 322 bisects
Chester from northwest to southeast.
Drinking water for the City of Chester is supplied by the
Chester Water Authority (CWA) and Philadelphia Suburban Water
Company (PSWC).
Large sources of surface water in the City of Chestelr
include Chester Creek and the Delaware River. All streams in the
Chester vicinity ultimately drain into the Delaware River in a
branching pattern. The Delaware River is a protected waterway
for the maintenance and propagation of fish species that are
indigenous to a warm-water habitat.
The hydrogeologic conditions that exist beneath the study
area are highly dynamic in nature. Water levels are influenced
by tides and high rates of infiltration from storms.
Methodology
A key element in the project scope called for environmental
risks to be quantitated wherever possible, and supplemented with
qualitative information.
Chemical data were gathered from existing sources. The
scope of this project did not include collection of new data
specifically designed for a Chester risk assessment. Instead the
2
-------
workgroup performed an examination of available data which
yielded the following observations:
• The data had been collected for different programs and
different agencies. These data were not originally designed to
support a quantitative risk assessment of the Chester area.
• The databases were of varying quality, and certain
chemicals and media had not been tested. However, with the
limited data available, it was possible for many data sets to be
used to generate estimated risks.
Modeling of air data from point sources preceded the air
risk assessment, such that point source air risks are based on
projected data rather than data actually collected in the field.
The lead (Pb) data, area sources of volatile organic compound
(VOC) emissions, Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)
site information, and Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) data did not
involve the types of environmental data conducive to quantitative
risk assessment.
In a risk assessment, the hazards posed by chemicals
detected by chemical analysis are. evaluated. Potential risks may
exist when chemicals are present in the air, water and soils and
sensitive receptors(i.e.humans,wildlife, and plantlife) are
present which have access to the chemicals. This constitutes a
complete exposure pathway.
To evaluate risks, several steps are taken. First, the data
are assessed for usability and comparability. Data may then
undergo statistical manipulations for use in the quantitative
risk assessment. An initial screening step occurs during data
evaluation for the purpose of narrowing down the list of
chemicals that are quantitatively assessed. Using conservative
assumptions, the chemical concentrations that would correspond to
the lower end of the target screening risk range1 are
calculated. These concentrations are called risk-based
concentrations(RBCs), and are compared to the site data during
the data evaluation stage to rule out chemicals that will not
contribute significantly to risks at the site.
Exposure pathways are then determined. The receptors that
1 target screening risk range: within the EPA Superfund program defines
acceptable cancer risks as those which do not exceed the established range of
1E-06 to 1E-04. This range corresponds to an additional cancer risk of 1 in
one million(1E-06) to 1 in 10,000(1E-04) from exposure to a given chemical.
The lower, more conservative — and more protective — end of this range is
1E-06.
For non-cancer-causing chemicals, the ratio between the calculated potential
dose and the dose known to be safe should not exceed one.
3
-------
may be exposed are also chosen. Both current and future land
uses must be considered. Using site-specific or default
assumptions, estimated exposure doses are calculated for each
receptor.
Once the amount of exposure each receptor receives has been
calculated, that amount or dose is compared with values designed
to assess the safety or toxicity of a chemical. This step, which
is called risk characterization, helps the risk assessor
determine the likelihood of adverse effects occurring for that
exposure scenario.
Finally, the uncertainty of the risk analysis is described,
either quantitatively, qualitatively, or both. This step helps
give a more complete picture of environmental risks, and helps
risk managers weigh their options in addressing potential
hazards.
The data were examined in order to determine chemicals of
potential concern (COPCs). COPCs are defined as those substances
that are potentially related to the risk source being studied and
whose data are of sufficient quality for use in the risk
assessment. It is appropriate to select COPCs for each medium of
concern.
Data were often screened using RBCs. RBCs were used to
determine whether, if included in the risk assessment, the
chemical would be likely to contribute significantly to the risk.
UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS
Uncertainty associated with the assessment of risk may be
associated with exposure estimation, toxicity assessment, and in
risk characterization. The policy of the USEPA is to be
protective of human health and the environment. In accordance
with this policy, exposure estimates and the parameters used in
the characterization of the exposures are of a conservative
nature whenever possible. These conservative parameters are
designed to ensure that all estimates are protective and that all
sensitive subpopulations are considered. Some of these exposure
parameters may be overestimates of the actual exposures
experienced by receptors.
Study Findings
Children's Blood Lead Investigation
Historically, inorganic lead has been released to the
environment by many human activities such as mining# smelting,
use of leaded gasoline, and manufacturing of batteries, plastics,
4
-------
and chemicals. Lead is not volatile, so it usually moves through
the air as fine dust which deposits and contaminates soil within
a few miles of its source. People can be exposed to lead in air,
food, drinking water (and beverages), soil and dust, and across
the placenta before birth.
Important toxic effects of lead include anemia,
hypertension, and damage to the kidneys, testicles, and nervous
system. Small children are most sensitive to toxic effects of
lead because they suffer significant losses in motor skills and
cognitive ability at lead doses which do not affect adults. EPA
considers children with blood lead levels of 10 or more
micrograms of lead per deciliter of blood to be at risk of
irreversible damage to the nervous system.
Chester officials provided records of over 10,000 blood lead
measurements for children, which EPA entered into a computer
database. Age and gender were not reported(although all were
reported to be seven years or younger at the time of the test),
nor was information available about how the children were chosen
for blood lead sampling. Lead concentration data for air, tap
water, soil, dust, and food were not available. This limited
database allowed EPA to compare blood lead levels in Chester with
those in similar Eastern cities, but did not support conclusions
about sources of lead exposure.
Average blood lead levels in Chester between 1989 and 1993
(Figure 4-16) were higher than 1990 averages in Boston,
Baltimore, or Cincinnati. However, blood lead in Chester
decreased significantly during this five-year period, so that in
1992 and 1993 Chester blood lead levels were similar to those in-
Baltimore. With the limited database it was not possible to tell
if the decline in blood lead was real or artificial (caused by
sampling different groups of children or by medically treating
children with high blood lead levels).
EPA compared the Chester blood lead observations with
predictions from a computer model that predicts blood lead.
Because lead levels in Chester's air, water, soil, and food were
not available, EPA used national averages to make the
predictions. To match the Chester blood lead data it was
necessary to add 130 micrograms of lead intake per day to the
national averages.
EPA determined the average blood lead level for each
residence by combining multiple measurements from the same child
and from siblings. A map of blood lead levels in Chester was
prepared. The map showed no noticeable patterns of blood lead;
there appears to be no part of Chester where blood lead is higher
or lower than the others.
Overall, EPA's analysis of blood lead suggests that:
5
-------
1. Recent measurements of Chester children blood lead levels
are similar to those in similar Eastern U.S. cities.
2. Children in Chester receive lead exposures which are
substantially higher than the U.S. average.
3. It is not possible with the limited data available to tell
the source of the children's excess lead exposure.
4. The problem of high blood lead appears to be city-wide
rather than confined to specific neighborhoods.
AIR
Modeled Air Concentrations
As was previously noted, no new data was gathered for this
study. The recent years air data that existed was often developed
for specific purposes,e.g. compliance monitoring of permitted
emission parameters, or was presented in format which was not
compatible for risk calculation purposes. This presented a
pattern of data gaps in an important medium of concern, air.
It was decided that sufficient information existed regarding
the industry types, geographical locations, arid production
capabilities, and that meteorologic data combined with actual or
generic emission levels could be utilized in a computer modeled
simulation of speciated ambient air quality.
Estimated air concentrations for 699 chemicals were provided
for approximately 1400 locations in Chester City. Of the
pollutants assessed, 640 are gaseous in nature, while 59 exist as
particulate matter2.
Although emission contributions from many sources were
modeled, only the total concentration of each pollutant at each
location was considered in risk calculations. Of the 699
chemicals evaluated, 122 have toxicity values in the form of
reference dose(RfDs) or cancer slope factors(CSFs). Five of the
modeled chemicals are criteria pollutants, and are regulated
under the authority of the Clean Air Act via the National Ambient
Air Quality Standards (NAAQS).
For chemicals with reference doses (RfDs) or cancer slope
factors (CSFs), modeling results were screened using RBCs as
described above to identify chemicals of potential concern
(COPCs). Accordingly, inhalation under a standard residential
exposure scenario was considered. In instances where both an RfD
and a CSF exist for a given COPC, only the most sensitive
2 small solid particles like dust which move with air currents
6
-------
endpoint (cancer or non-cancer) was evaluated.
Estimated criteria pollutant concentrations were compared to
the NAAQS. (This approach for evaluating potential threats is
similar to the methodology employed for assessing non-cancer
threats posed by chemicals with RfDs.)
For gasoline and diesel, carcinogenic risks were assessed
based upon respective unit risks for.these compounds, as
determined by a recent USEPA investigation (USEPA, 1993c).
For the criteria pollutants, predicted concentrations at
each grid location were compared to NAAQSs.
Individual Risks
At various locations in Chester, several chemicals were
predicted to exist in air at concentrations of potential concern.
Chromium VI was determined to contribute the most to
carcinogenic3 risk at any given location, while hydrogen
chloride presents the greatest non-cancer threat. A summary of
the highest individual risks in Chester City is presented in
Table 4-32 for carcinogenic COPCs, and in Table 4-33 for COPCs
with non-cancer endpoints.
None of the predicted concentrations of criteria pollutants
in Chester exceeded NAAQSs, as illustrated in Table 4-34.
Cumulative Risks
Cumulative carcinogenic risks and non-cancer threats are
predicted to exceed levels considered safe at several locations
in Chester City. The range of aggregate carcinogenic risks in
Chester as a result of inhalation is estimated to be 1.1E-5 to
6.6E-54. For non-cancer endpoints, the range of Hazard
indices(HI) is predicted to be 1.0 to 3.8. The risks are also
displayed on Figures 4-29, 4-30, 4-31, 4-32, 4-33, and 4-34.
Cumulative values for the criteria pollutants were estimated to
range from 0.6 to 1.6. This is illustrated on Fig. 4-35.
It is possible to discuss the culpability of various sources
of air pollution to these risks. As outlined in the section on
3 cancer causing
* 1.1E-05 is a scientific notation used in risk characterization to
express an excess cancer risk in the general population of 1.1 persons out of
100,000 would be expected to incur(not die from cancer but incur a cancer) a
cancer above and beyond the normal incidence of cancer.
7
-------
air quality modeling, a large number of sources was modeled, the
sources vary dramatically in their contribution to both
carcinogenic risk and noncarcinogenic hazards.
Point sources accounted for roughly 40 percent of
environmental carcinogenic risk in Chester and more than half of
the sub-chronic risk. Delcora and Sun each contribute roughly
one quarter of the long-term cancer risk. Delcora and P.Q. Inc.
emit chromium and arsenic, Delcora emits those and other heavy
metals, and Sun emits many organic species. DuPont and
Westinghouse account for approximately 80 percent of the rion-
cancer risk.
Area Source Emissions
County-wide estimated emissions were available for area
sources of air contaminants. These data were not conducive to
the performance of a quantitative risk assessment because of the
difficulty in identifying individual chemicals and separating the
Chester area out from the county. However, a qualitative/semi-
quantitative assessment follows.
Sources of toxic air releases which are small when evaluated
individually, but are significant when combined with other
facilities of similar type in a given geographic area are termed
area sources. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are of
particular concern because some are classified by USEPA as
probable or possible human carcinogens. Also, they
photochemically combine with oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and carbon
monoxide (CO) in the presence of sunlight to form ozone, which
causes respiratory problems and plant damage.
Information about area sources comes from two sources of
data. Information about the location, industry type, and number
of employees is available through Dun and Bradstreet.
Information about the amount of VOCs released per employee per
year is available in USEPA, 1991d. Combining these two databases
gives an estimate of VOC emissions per facility per year.
A list of facilities with Standard Industrial Classification
(SIC) codes between 4000 and 9999 (which include businesses such
as transportation services, gasoline service stations, automobile
repair shops, and dry cleaners), and within the study area was
retrieved from the Dun and Bradstreet (D&B) data base.
[Facilities with SIC codes between 2000 and 3999 (manufacturing)
are reported in the TRI data base and are evaluated in the Air
Toxics Modeling portion of the study].
A grid system was established for the study area, with each
grid square approximately one square kilometer (or about 1/2 mile
by 1/2 mile), and the sum of the estimated emissions for each
8
-------
facility within a given grid square was calculated. The values
for the grid system were assigned colors from red to green, with
grey indicating no facilities.
Fig. 4-36 shows the estimated emissions for all the grid
squares in the study area. Fig. 4-37 highlights the top 9 (15%)
grid squares, which represent estimated annual releases of VOCs
of over 40,000 pounds. Fig. 4-38 shows the minority distribution
of the study area with the 9 high squares indicated in cross-
hatching. This indicates that grid squares 6, 7, and 8 are in an
area with a very high percentage of minority population,
indicating that the potential for impact to the minority
community is greatest in these areas.
There are several limitations to the approach used to
estimate the VOC emissions for the area sources. First, the D&B
data base does not contain every facility in the study area that
releases VOCs. In addition, the estimates of VOC releases are
based on studies of "typical" facilities and are not actual
measures of the releases from the facilities in the study area.
The actual type and amount of VOC releases is not available. The
estimates are not identified for the specific SIC codes that were
identified in the .D&B database, so that approximate values were
used instead of SIC code-specific ones.
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ISSUES
A study of the existing public health status of the
community and a specific epidemiological study to try to
establish cause-and-effect links between environmental risks and
health effects were beyond the scope of the environmental risk
project. However, the state health department, as a ^preliminary
exercise, looked at the mortality rate for certain diseases in
the city as compared to the state and county. This exercise may
be found in Appendix III. This may give useful information
regarding the existing health of the community, although it
cannot be used to establish causes of the health conditions.
Surface Water. Sediment. Fish Tissue
;Three main data sources were used for surface water,
sediment, and fish tissue data: the STORET database, CERCLIS
files, and the National Study of Chemical Residues in Fish.
The CERCLIS database was described previously. Five CERCLIS
sites in the Chester study area had surface water and/or sediment
data. These sites underwent data quality review in accordance
with the Quality Assurance Plans under which the work was
authorized.
The National Study of Chemical Residues in Fish was
9
-------
performed by USEPA to study fish tissue contamination nationwide
(USEPA, 1992b). This study began as an outgrowth of the National
Dioxin Study, which found notable concentrations of dioxins in
fish tissue. It involved the collection of fish tissue from over
300 stations nationwide.
One station from this study was located within the Chester
study area, and these fish tissue results were used for the
Chester risk assessment. Analytical, data were obtained in
accordance with the analytical procedures and quality assurance
plans cited in the national study.
Table 4-23 presents the risks associated with direct contact
with surface water at each location. It can be seen that the
Hazard Indices for each location are less than 1, indicating that
significant adverse non-cancer health effects due to contact with
surface water at the reported concentrations are not expected.
Estimated cancer risks are at or below 1E-6 for all locations
except the Delaware County Incinerator Landfill #1 (3.9E-5). The
cancer risk at this site was based on arsenic and beryllium in a
drainage ditch water sample taken adjacent to the landfills. The
water sample was reported as "greenish brown" and is likely to
have contained high amounts of suspended solids. The feasibility
of people actually swimming in a drainage ditch depends upon its
depth and width, seasons of flow, and may also depend upon its
aesthetic appeal.
Table 4-24 presents the risks associated with direct contact
with sediment at each location. It can be seen that the Hazard
Indices for each location are less than 1, indicating that
significant adverse non-cancer health effects due to contact with
sediment at the reported concentrations are not expected.
Estimated cancer risks were all below 1E-5.
It is likely that most of the general population of Chester
does not consume locally-caught fish. However, subpopulations
may exist consisting of occasional fishers or possibly even
subsistence fishers. Subsistence fishers could have risks higher
than those quantitated herein.
Drinking Water
This study investigated the drinking water quality of both
private and public well users in the City of Chester and
surrounding municipalities including Marcus Hook Borough, Trainer
Borough, Chester City, Chester Township, Linwood, Upland Borough
and Eddystone Borough. The potability of the groundwater in the
study area and potential risk to private well users was evaluated
by qualitative assessment of the existing monitoring well data
from Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and
Liabilities Information System (CERCLIS) and Resource
10
-------
Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) sites. Environmental equity
issues that would require further study were identified where
appropriate with respect to the data obtained to date.
Private Well Investigation
The U.S.Department of Census data obtained in 1990 involved
a random door-to-door survey of the housing units (both vacant
and occupied) in the study area (see.Table 4-1). An assessment
of the data indicated that less than 1% of the housing units in
the study area may obtain their drinking water source from
private wells. The Chester Water Authority and Health
Departments are not aware of any residential properties using
local groundwater for drinking or bathing purposes. The local
health department indicated that the entire population of Chester
is connected to a public water supply(PWS). However, the health
department did acknowledge that verification that none existed
would be quite difficult. Based on U.S. Census data there are an
estimated 61 private wells in the study area, of which
approximately 31 are believed to be dug wells and approximately
30 are believed to be drilled wells. The data are
extrapolations, from a smaller sample size, of the actual figures
that would have been obtained from a complete count (USDOC,
1990). Therefore, the exact number of private wells in the study
area is largely unknown.
Efforts to obtain locational information for any of the 61
private wells identified on the census tract (Figure 4-2) have
been hampered primarily because of those regulations which
protect census participants individual rights to privacy. It
should be noted that information retrieval from the census tract
is limited to a scale of census blocks which are a geographic
area of about 200 people.
Public Water Supply
Drinking water quality from public water sources in the
study area was investigated because greater than 99% of the
population is expected to obtain their drinking water from a
public supply. The study area is served by the Chester Water
Authority except for Eddystone, which is served by the
Philadelphia Suburban Water Company. It should be noted that
Philadelphia Suburban Water Company purchases water for Eddystone
from the Chester Water Authority. This water undergoes no
additional treatment; therefore, the actual source of drinking
water for Eddystone is the Chester Water Authority.
Tables 4-3, 4-4, and 4-5 summarize risks for the 1-year and
30-year exposure scenarios for the PWSs.
TOXIC RELEASE INVENTORY fTRH
11
-------
The TRI database contains information about' chemical
releases from industrial manufacturers and processors (primary
Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) codes 20-39) to the
environment. Since 1987, facilities meeting established
thresholds have been required to report release data according to
section 313 of the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know
Act of 1986 (EPCRA).
Region III has developed a method for evaluating these
releases in terms of their relative toxicity. This method is
documented in the Chemical Indexing System for the Toxic Chemical
Release Inventory Part Is Chronic Index (USEPA, 1993d). The
Chemical Indexing analysis provided in the present report
displays the 1992 TRI data in terms of the Chronic Index
(toxicity-weighted releases) and Residual Mass (non-weighted
releases) for Region III, highlighting TRI facilities in Delaware
County, Pennsylvania.
The Regional maps (Figures 4-26, 4-27, and 4-28) show TRI
releases in terms of the Chronic Index, including non-
carcinogenic and/or carcinogenic index dose. Those releases
which do not have an associated toxicity factor are combined
according to the amount of the release and are termed Residual
Mass. The resultant Chronic Indices and Residual Mass values are
summed for each facility and for each 8 x 8 mile geographic grid
area in Region III. Combining the facility Chronic Indices
within a geographic grid gives an indication of the potential for
cumulative hazard from TRI facilities within a given geographic
area.
In Delaware County, 28 facilities were subject to TRI
reporting under EPCRA for the reporting year (RY) 1992. A
summarized priority listing of these facilities is included in
Table 4-27 and a complete listing is provided in Tables 4-28 and
4-29. Table 4-27 shows a quantitative summary of the facilities
which ranked in the top 90th percentile - 95% confidence of the
28 facilities subject to reporting under EPCRA. Table 4-27 shows
the top six TRI facilities in the Chronic Index and Residual Mass
ranking.
It has not been determined whether these releases were
continuous for the entire year or if they reflect one-time
accidental releases or spills. In addition, the proximity of
these releases relative to potentially exposed populations has
not been established. The determination of a potential health
threat of the volumes released depends on the proximity of the
stack to residential areas, the surrounding terrain and the
meteorological conditions. Furthermore, should it be determined
that additional analysis is required at any site listed in this
report, documentation which identifies these release as
continuous or intermittent should be obtained prior to the
12
-------
analysis.
OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS
One of the study objectives was to be responsive to
environmental concerns raised by the citizens in the study area.
Some of these were issues for which USEPA had no available
database and could therefore not assess with quantitative risk
assessment. These issues included odors and noise and are
addressed below.
Odors
Odor is a very difficult sensory phenomenon to describe
objectively. Many attempts and subsequently many descriptors
have been utilized in trying to describe the human olfactory
system and especially its variability, thresholds and the time
duration aspect of the sensation.
It is key to understand that many odors may be perceived at
concentrations as low as 1 part per billion (e.g. ammonia
ethylacrylate, isopropylmercaptan), while still others can be
detected as low as 1 part per trillion (e.g. n-butyric acid).
The mere ability to sense an odor does not necessarily mean that
it is harmful at threshold levels. On the other hand, some
chemicals which are potentially harmful at low concentrations may
not be perceived by most humans at levels which, are significantly
harmful. This certainly exacerbates individual fears and adds to
stress associated with the perceived odors which people
encounter.
A major source of concern in the Chester neighborhoods are
the odors which seem to emanate from the large industries along
the Delaware River coastline. It may be that individual small
industrial or commercial operations could be sources of these
emissions.
Although the incidence of odor complaints has been one of
the greatest concerns in Chester, the pervasiveness of odor could
not be addressed quantitatively in the environmental risk
assessment. This does not diminish the importance of odors to
residents, nor is it meant to ignore or screen them out of the
assessment. There were virtually no data available at the onset
of the study related to odors.
For purposes of this report, odors are being considered only
as a source of further investigation. They are a nuisance which
may add to the overall stress of residing in an urbanized
environment.
Noise
13
-------
Many residents of Chester have complained that environmental
noise diminishes the quality of life they experience in a home
setting. They cite numerous sources of the noise and have
requested help from the industrial community and the
environmental agencies in reducing noise to acceptable, non-
intrusive levels. Some of the sources identified include:
• truck traffic passing through residential areas
• industrial operating equipment
• aircraft over-flights
• music sources, such as car radios, home hi-fi
• train pass-by
As part of the Chester Risk Project, USEPA staff reviewed
applicable environmental noise studies performed in the Chester
area and performed a literature search for any applicable
mitigation measures. This limited search found a Pre-Operational
Noise Monitoring Study (Westinghouse, 1991) and a subsequent
Noise Report Summary (Westinghouse, 1993).
In the study, environmental noise monitoring was performed
at seven locations. This was considered to be background noise
monitoring, at facility site locations, prior to final
construction and operation of the Delaware County Resource
Recovery facility. A total of three continuous 24-hour time
periods were sampled including one weekend day and two weekdays.
An additional four locations were sampled in the residential
community in February 1991 in areas adjacent to the Resource
Recovery facility.
Although there was some variability in the measured noise
data due to short-duration transient events, the levels measured
in and around the facility and in the residential neighborhoods
are typical of urban residential settings and would be considered
generally acceptable.
A noise control ordinance for the city of Chester,
Pennsylvania was passed on January 14, 1993. This ordinance
applies to vehicles, appliances and equipment, and includes many
of the "nuisance" type of unwanted sounds. The ordinance
includes subjective aspects of noise as well as objective
criteria limits for motorized vehicles and property line limits
depending on land use zoning.
14
-------
APPENDIX I
TABLES
-------
CHESTER RISK PROJECT
TABLE 4-1
U.S. CENSUS OF POPULATION AND HOUSING - 8TF- 3A SAMPLE COUNT DATA (1990)*
SUMMARY
*ot*l
Housing
uttit&ir
Vacant
•. fiotlaiag
Onita
: ptifeiid;-,/:
Drilled w«|U
' Dug.; Well
other
•
Marcus Hook Borough
1055
990
65
1055
0
0
0
Trainer Borough
912
871
41
902
7
3
0
Chester City
16,512
14,538
1,975
16,445
18
22
26
Chester Township CDP
1,879
1,778
101
1,868
5
6
0
Linwood
1,190
1,123
67
1,190
0
0
0
Upland Borough
1,224
1,187
37
1,224
0
0
0
Eddystone Borough
1,071
993
78
1,065
0
0
6
-------
CHESTER RISK PROJECT
TABLE 4-3
RISK SUMMARY
CHESTER WATER AUTHORITY
CANCEffetSK NON-CANCER RISK
TOTAL RISK FROM ALL SOURCES (1989-ED-
TOTALttSK FROM ALL SOURCES (1990-ED-
TOTAL RISK WITHOUT FLUORIDE (1991 -ED-
TOTAL RISK FROM ALL SOURCES (1992-ED-
TOTAL RISK WITHOUT FLUORIDE (1993-ED-
TOTAL RISK WITHOUT FLUORIDE (1993-ED-
TOTAL RISK FROM ALL SOURCES
TOTAL RISK FROM ALL SOURCES
TOTAL RISK WITHOUT FLUORIDE
TOTAL RISK FROM ALL SOURCES
TOTAL RISK WITHOUT FLUORIDE
TOTAL RISK WITHOUT FLUORIDE
ItiHAtAnON ADULT
TOTAL RISK FROM ALL SOURCES
TOTAL RISK FROM ALL SOURCES
TOTAL RISK FROM ALL SOURCES
TOTAL RISK FROM ALL SOURCES
TOTAL RISK FROM ALL SOURCES
TOTAL RISK FROM ALL SOURCES
DERMALCHILD
TOTAL RISK FROM
TOTAL RISK FROM
TOTAL RISK FROM
TOTAL RISK FROM
TOTAL RISK FROM
TOTAL RISK FROM
TOTAL RTSk*
ALL SOURCES
ALL SOURCES
ALL SOURCES
ALL SOURCES
ALL SOURCES
ALL SOURCES
(1989—ED-
(1990—ED-
(1991—ED-
(1992—ED-
(1993—ED-
(1993—ED-
(1989—ED-
(1990-ED-
(1991-ED-
(1992-ED-
(1993—ED-
(1993-ED-
(1989-ED-
(1990—ED-
(1991 —ED-
(1992—ED-
(1993—ED-
(1993-ED-
1 YEAR)
1 YEAR)
1 YEAR)
1 YEAR)
1 YEAR)
30 YEARS)
1 YEAR)
1 YEAR)
1 YEAR)
1 YEAR)
1 YEAR)
30 YEARS)
1 YEAR)
1 YEAR)
1 YEAR)
1 YEAR)
1 YEAR)
30 YEARS)
1 YEAR)
1 YEAR)
1 YEAR)
1 YEAR)
1 YEAR)
30 YEARS)
1.34E—07
2.13E-07
1.86E—07
1.98E—07
1.78E-07
427E-06
3.12E—07
456E-07
4.3SE—07
4.62E—07
4.15E—07
2.49E—06
2£4E-06
2.90E-06
3.12E-06
3.32E-06
2.64E-06
6.33E—05
7.41 E-08
1.00E—07
1.03E-07
1.10E—07
1.32E-07
7.95E—07
3J5E-01
229E-01
2.14E—01
2.27E-01
2J39E-01
239E—01
9.21E—01
5.33E-01
4.99E-01
5.31 E—01
5.57E-01
5.57E-01
O.OOE+OO
4.47E-02
O.OOE+OO
O.OOE+OO
O.OOE+OO
O.OOE+OO
8.51 E-02
1.13E—01
1.18E—01
1.26E-01
1.06E—01
1.06E—01
1989 (1 YEAR)
ADULT
2.37E—06
3.95E-01
1990 (1 YEAR)
ADULT
3.11E-06
2.74E—01
1991 (1 YEAR)
ADULT
3 30E—06
2.14E-01
1992 (1 YEAR)
ADULT
3.51 E-06
227E-01
1993 (1 YEAR)
ADULT
2.82H—06
2.39E-01
1989 (1 YEAR)
CHILD
3.86E—07
1.01E+00
1990 (1 YEAR)
CHILD
5.96E—07
6.46E-01
1991 (1 YEAR)
CHILD
5.38E—07
6.17E-01
1992 (1 YEAR)
CHILD
5.72E-07
6.57E-01
1993 (1 YEAR)
CHILD
5.48E—07
6.63E—01
"Total Risk without Fluoride
1993 (30 YEARS)
7.09E—05
9.02E—01
-------
CHESTER RISK PROJECT
TABLE 4—4
RISK SUMMARY
PHILADELPHIA SUBURBAN WATER COMPANY
I^NKlftQMTER ADULT
CANCER RISK NON-CANCER RISK
TOTAL FVSK FROM ALL SOURCES
TOTAL RISK FROM ALL SOURCES
TOTAL RISK FROM ALL SOURCES
TOTAL RISK FROM ALL SOURCES
TOTAL RISK FROM ALL SOURCES
TOTAL RISK FROM ALL SOURCES
ITONklNGm
TOTAL RISK FROM ALL SOURCES
TOTAL RISK FROM ALL SOURCES
TOTAL RISK FROM ALL SOURCES
TOTAL RISK FROM ALL SOURCES
TOTAL RISK FROM ALL SOURCES
TOTAL RISK FROM ALL SOURCES
INHALATION ADULT
(1989—ED-
(1990—ED-
(1991 —ED-
(1992—ED-
(1993—ED-
(1993—ED-
(1989—ED-
(1990—ED-
(1991-ED-
(1992—ED-
(1993—ED-
(1993—ED-
1 YEAR)
1 YEAR)
1 YEAR)
1 YEAR)
1 YEAR)
30 YEARS)
1 YEAR)
1 YEAR)
1 YEAR)
1 YEAR)
1 YEAR)
30 YEARS)
1.13E-07
1.51E-07
9.72E—08
8.69E-08
2.34E—07
5.62E—06
2.65E-07
3.52E-07
2.27E—07
2.03E—07
5.46E-07
3.28E-06
1.30E-01
1.73E-01
1.12E-01
9.97E-02
2.68E-01
2.68E—01
3.04E-01
4.03E-01
2.60E-01
2.33E-01
6.26E-01
626E-01
TOTAL RISK FROM
TOTAL RISK FROM
TOTAL RISK FROM
TOTAL RISK FROM
TOTAL RISK FROM
TOTAL RISK FROM
DERMALCHlLD
TOTAL RISK FROM
TOTAL RISK FROM
TOTAL RISK FROM
TOTAL RISK FROM
TOTAL RISK FROM
TOTAL RISK FROM
TOTAL RISK-
ALL SOURCES
ALL SOURCES
ALL SOURCES
ALL SOURCES
ALL SOURCES
ALL SOURCES
ALL SOURCES
ALL SOURCES
ALL SOURCES
ALL SOURCES
ALL SOURCES
ALL SOURCES
(1989—ED-
(1990—ED-
(1991—ED-
(1992-ED-
(1993—ED-
(1993—ED-
(1989—ED-
(1990—ED-
(1991—ED-
(1992—ED-
(1993—ED-
(1993—ED-
1 YEAR)
1 YEAR)
1 YEAR)
1 YEAR)
1 YEAR)
30 YEARS)
1 YEAR)
1 YEAR)
1 YEAR)
1 YEAR)
1 YEAR)
30 YEARS)
1.90E-06
2.52E-06
1.63E—06
1.46E—06
3.92E-06
9.41 E-05
6J29E—08
8.35E—08
5.39 E-08
4.82E—08
1 JOE-07
7.78E—07
O.OOE+OO
Q.00E+00
0.00E+00
O.OOE+OO
0.00E+00
O.OOE+OO
721E-02
9.58E-02
6.18E-02
5.53E—02
1.49E-01
1.49E—01
1989 (1
1990(1
1991 (1
1992(1
1993 (1
1989 (1
1990 (1
1991 (1
1992 (1
1993(1
YEAR)
YEAR)
YEAR)
YEAR)
YEAR)
YEAR)
YEAR)
YEAR)
YEAR)
YEAR)
ADULT
ADULT
ADULT
ADULT
ADULT
CHILD
CHILD
CHILD
CHILD
CHILD
2.01 E-06
2.67E—06
1.73E—06
1.54E—06
4.15E—06
328E-07
4.35E—07
2.81 E-07
2.51 E—07
6.76E—07
1.30E-01
1.73E-01
1.12F-01
9.97E-02
2.68E-01
3.76E-01
4.99E-01
322E-01
2.88E-01
7.75E-01
1993 (30 YEARS)
•Note fluoride is not added to the finished water
1.04E—04
1.04E+00
-------
CHESTER RISK PROJECT
TABLE 4-5
RISK SUMMARY
PHILADELPHIA WATER DEPARTMENT
•CANC^WSK: NON-CANCg&mSK
Total Risk without Fluoride
Total Risk without Fluoride
Total Risk without Fluoride
Total Risk without Fluoride
Total Risk without Fluoride
Total Risk without Fluoride
Total Risk without Fluoride
Total Risk without Fluoride
Total Risk without Fluoride
Total Risk without Fluoride
Total Risk without Fluoride
Total Risk without Fluoride
iNHAmllON ADUtt:
-ED-
(1990-ED-
(1991—ED-
(1992-ED-
(1993—ED-
(1993-ED-
(1989—ED-
(1990—ED-
(1991—ED-
(1992—ED-
(1993—ED-
(1993-ED-
1 YEAR)
1 YEAR)
1 YEAR)
1 YEAR)
1 YEAR)
30 YEARS)
1 YEAR)
1 YEAR)
1 YEAR)
1 YEAR)
1 YEAR)
30 YEARS)
1.63E—07
1.96E-07
1.97E-07
1.41E—07
2.14E-07
5.14E-06
3.ME-07
4.58E-07
4.60E—07
3.28E-07
S.OOE—07
3.0GE—06
1.87E-01
2.15E-01
22QE-01
1.61E—01
2.40E—01
2.40E-01
4.37E—01
5.03E-01
5.14E—01
3.77E—01
S.6GE—01
5.60E—01
Total Risk from All
Total Risk from All
Total Risk from All
Total Risk from All
Total Risk from All
Total Risk from All
DERMAL CHILD
Total Risk from All
Total Risk from All
Total Risk from All
Total Risk from All
Total Risk from All
Total Risk from All
TOTAL RISK*
Sources (1989-ED- 1 Year)
Sources (1990-ED-1 Year)
Sources (1991 -ED- 1 Year)
Sources (1992-ED- 1 Year)
Sources (1993-ED- 1 Year)
Sources (1993-ED- 30 Year)
Sources (1989-ED- 1 Year)
Sources (1990-ED- 1 Year)
Sources (1991 -ED-1 Year)
Sources (1992-ED- 1 Year)
Sources (1993-ED- 1 Year)
Sources (1993-ED- 30 Year)
2.73E—06
2.87E—06
3.0SE—06
2.35E-06
3.34E—06
8.0GE—05
9.04E—08
9.77E—08
1.03E—07
7.8QE—08
1.12E—07
6.73E-07
0.0GE+00
2.92E-02
1.75E—02
0.00E+00
1.75E—02
1.75E—02
1.04E-01
1.11E-01
1.17E-01
8.95E—02
128E-01
128E-01
1989 (1
1990(1
1S91 (1
1992 (1
1993(1
1989 (1
1990(1
1991 (1
1992 (1
1993(1
YEAR)
YEAR)
YEAR)
YEAR)
YEAR)
YEAR)
YEAR)
YEAR)
YEAR)
YEAR)
ADULT
ADULT
ADULT
ADULT
ADULT
CHILD
CHILD
CHILD
CHILD
CHILD
2.89E—06
3.06E-06
3-24£-06
2.49E—06
3.55E-06
4.71E—07
5.55E—07
5.62E—07
4.06E—07
6.12E—07
1.87E-01
2.45E—01
2.38E —01
¦•.61E-01
2.57E—01
5.40E—01
6.14c—01
651E-01
4.66E—01
6.BSE-01
•Total Risk without Fluoride
1993 (30 YEARS)
8.89E—05
9.45E—01
-------
CHESTER RISK PROJECT
TABLE 4-23
SURFACE WATER RISKS
STATION
CHEMICAL OF CONCERN
CHILD ADULT I
HAZARD HAZARD CANCER
INDEX INDEX RISK I
VERMICUUTE DUMP (Ds)
VERMICUUTE DUMP (US)
Aluminum
0.00015 . 0.000038 N/A
Chromium
0.00038 0.00011 N/A
Barium
0.00027 0.000068 N/A
Cadmium
0.00051 0.00023 N/A
Nickel
0.00013 0.00003 N/A
Manganese
0.015 0.0038 N/A
Zinc
0.00019 0.000056 N/A
Arsenic
0.0025 0.00065 2.3E-07
Selenium
0.00075 0.00019 N/A
Mercurv
0.0081 0.0023 N/A
TOTAL
0.026 0.0075 2.3E-07I
Aluminum
0.00014 0.000035 N/A
Chromium
0.00044 0.00012 N/A
Barium
0.00025 0.000064 N/A
Cadmium
0.00045 0.0002 N/A
Copper
0.000098 0.000027 N/A
Nickel
0.00013 0.000029 N/A
Manganese
0.014 0.0036 N/A
Zinc
0.00013 0.000037 N/A
Vanadium
0.00035 0.000088 N/A
Arsenic
0.0057 0.0015 5.2E-07
Selenium
0.00072 0.00017 N/A
Mercurv
0.014 0.0052 N/A
TOTAL
0.036 0.011 5.2E-07
WQN0162
Manaanese
0.6727 0.17 N/A
toTAL
0.67 0.17 N/A
MONROE CHEMICAL
Arsenic
0.014 0.0036 1.3E-06I
TOTAL
0.014 0.0036 1.3E-06
DELAWARE COUNTY
INCINERATOR LAND-
RLL #1
Arsenic
0.044 0.011 4.0E-06
BerylGum
0.0061 0.0032 3.5E—05
Manaanese
0.28 0.0703 N/A
TOTAL
0.33 0.085 3.9E-05
422120
Free cyanide
0.0004 0.0001 N/A
Total cyanide
0.00044 0.00011 N/A
Cadmium
0.05 0.023 N/A
Chromium
0.0038 0.0011 N/A
Copper
0.00036 0.0001 N/A
Zinc
0.000071 0.00002 N/A
TOTAL*
0.055 0.024 N/A
422086
I •
Cadmium
0.07 0.032 N/A
Chromium
0.0055 0.0016 N/A
Copper
0.00044 0.00012 N/A
Zinc
0.00066 0.00019 . N/A
Mercurv
0.0022 0.00079 N/A
TOTAL
0.079 0.035 N/A
WQN0172
Chromium
0.0002 0.00006 N/A
Copw
0.00043 0.0O012 N/A
Manganese
0.0049 0.0012 N/A
Niukbl
0.00042 0.000095 N/A
Zinc
0.000044 0.000013 N/A
Aluminum
0.00007 0.000017 N/A
TOTAL
0.0061 0.0015 N/A
WQN0156
Chromium
0.00021 0.00006 N/A
Manqanese
0.0023 0.00058 N/A
Nickel
0.00043 0.000095 N/A
Zinc
0.0028 0.0006 N/A
Aluminum
0.000065 0.000016 N/A
TOTAL
0.0058 0.0014 N/A
•INCLUDES TOTAL, NOT PRE
E. CYANIDE
-------
CHESTER RISK PROJECT
TABLE 4-24
SEDIMENT RISKS
CHILD
ADULT
STATION
CHEMICAL OF CONCERN
HAZARD
HAZARD ,
CANCER
INDEX
INDEX
RISK
MONROE CHEMICAL-POND SED
Antimony
0.024
0.0025
N/A
Arsenic
0.0013
0.00014
8.2E-08
Beryllium
0.000015
0.000001
4.0E-08
Cadmium
0.0087
0.0028
N/A
Chromium
0.0022
0.00024
N/A
Silver
0.0037
0.0004
N/A
TOTAL
0.040
0.0061
1.2E-07I
MONROE CHEMICAL-US SED
Benzo[b]fluoranthene
N/a
N/A
4.6E-09
Arsenic
0.0185
0.002
1.2E-06
Beryllium
0.000046
0.000004
1.2E-07
Vanadium
0.0052
0.00056
N/A
MONROE CHEMICAL-DS SED
TOTAL
0.024
0.0026
1.3E-06I
Arsenic
0.0068
0.00073
4.4E-07
Antimony
0.014
0.0015
N/A
Beryllium
0.000035
0.000003
9.4E-08
Chromium
0.012
0.0013
N/A
Manganese
0.011
0.0012
N/A
Nickel
0.0026
0.00028
N/A
Vanadium
0.0032
0.00035
N/A
TOTAL
0.050
0.0054
5.3E-07I
EAST 10TH STREET
Benz[a]anthracene
N/A
N/A
1.3E-07
Benzo[b]fluoranthene
N/A
N/A
2.0E-07
Benzo[a]pyrene
N/A
N/A
7.8E-07
lndeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene
N/A
N/A
8.0E-08
Dibenzfa.hlanthracene
N/A
N/A
2.5E-07
TOTAL
N/A
N/A
1.4E-06I
DELAWARE COUNTY
INCINERATOR LAND-
FILL #1
Arsenic
0.01
0.0011
6.6E-07
Beryllium
0.00009
0.000009
2.4E-07
Cadmium
0.0065
0.0021
N/A
Chromium
0.0056
0.0006
N/A
Vanadium
0.0024
0.00026
N/A
Benz[a]anthracene
N/A
N/A
3.9E-08
Benzo[b]fluoranthene
N/A
N/A
5.0E-08
Benzo[a]pyrene
N/A
N/A
6.2E-07
Dibenzfa.hlanthracene
N/A
N/A
5.3E-08
TOTAL
0.025
0.0041
1.7E-06!
ABM WADE
Arsenic
0.14
0.015
9.0E-06
TOTAL
0.14
0.015
9.0E-06
422115
Antimony
0.0064
0.00068
N/A
TOTAL
0.0064
0.00068
N/A I
-------
CHESTER RISK PROJECT
TABLE 4-27
Miwn County. PA. TO FadMas
Chronle indaac aid Raaidual Man Ranking
Ran
k
Company Nama
aty
\
TO Catagory
Chanriai and baua of Conoam
6
Epaflon Paula.
ii
Air fugitive. Air
atHk
BPiyNnVf I^DPyNMa VQMVI9
S
Boafaig Dafanaa ft Spaea
Group
RMoy
Part
Air alack
Vots(flaa iribtlm: voluma
4
Foamaz LP.
r 1J a ¦ i
GBBfim
•
AlrfagMwa
PtehlBwroathana: toxicity |
3
Scott Papar
•—'
Air fbgWva. Air
WNIUVQRIU wIMiy |
Adda1 voluma. acuta tosddty |
2
Wltoo Corp.
T—
AlrfugMva. Alr
2-Matfiosyathand: voluma and |
ftiiMiy |
1
Sun RaflntaQ ft Marfcatfng
ii
Air fugttfva. Air
n.|.i., -t „ |
Dnym wjbok vwna( g
Dam ana and HBE; vohana, I
lUUUly |
IMnnlfibdHi not npiwiM nWn iM. Ttao n
pupoaaa and mat faa nrAjM «(d< A
* pravUM a rough aafln
lata of poMW hand far acnantag |
eontakadlnttMrapart. |
-------
CHESTER RISK PROJECT
TABLE 4-28
TRI TRANSFERS:
TRI TOTALS:
1992 TRI FOR REGION III
POTW
POTW
Off sit*
Offaite
Total Releasee
Total
Total Releasee
Total
DELAWARE CO., PA
Traniltra
Chronic
Transfers
Chronic
and Tranolera
Chronic
and Transfer*
Chronic IndM
Chemical Nam*
Facility ID#
(IbMl
Index
llb/wrl
Index
llh/Wrt
Index
tome
Sums
TRICHLOROETHYLENE
100138NQHL INDUS
0
0
18850
16884454
34800
34468370
ACETONE
1B0138NQHLINDUS
0
0
28000
8141683
81000
14161252
METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE
19013BNQKJNDUS
0
0
2550
904227
43800
15531438
261760
61820924
SULFURIC ACID
100138CTFM1600E
0
0
0
0
0
0
TOLUENEDIISOCYANATE (MIXED I8C100138CTFM1600E
0
0
750
0
888
0
DICHLOROMETHANE
1S013SCTFM1600E
0
0
0
0
33643
30705173
34448
397951/3
HYDROCHLORIC ACID
10O13SCTTPFRONT
0
0
•
0
83000
0
SULFURIC ACID
10013SCTTPFRONT
•
0
770
0
110770
0
BUTYL BENZYL PHTHALATE
I0013SCTTPFRQNT
10000
•88407
10
888
78310
8764858
CHLOROFORM .
10013SCTTPFRONT
MO
1348808
0
0
14800
38084734
264880
43729683
SULFURIC ACID
10013WTCCR3300W
4
0
0
0
4
0
METHANOL
10O13WTCCR33OOW
6700
397581
•
0
383008
0338M0
2-METHOXYETHANOL
I0013WTCCR3300W
30120
?
1
•
0
0
518778
0058081883
773889
9085410832
CHLORINE
10061 SNRFNQREEh
•
0
0
0
0
0
CRE60I. (MIXED ISOMERS)
100616NRFNQREEK
0
0
0
0
9
0
ETHYLENE GLYCOL
lOOGlSNRFNQREEh
0
0
0
0
•
0
PHENOL
10061 SNRFNQREEf
44000
1800108
0
1300106
8ULFURIC ACID
1006lSNRFNQREEh
0
0
•
0
0
0
1,3-BUTADlENE
10061SNRFNQREEK
•
0
•
0
130
0
CYCLOHEXANE
10061 SNRFNQREEh
0
0
0
0
3850
0
1.2.4-TR1METHYLBENZENE
l0061SNRFNQREEf
0
0
8
0
4800
0
AMMONIA
l00616NRFNQREEf
130000
0
0
0
129300
0
PROPYLENE
IQOeiSNRFNQREEh
0
0
0
0
45000
0
ETHYLENE
10061 SNRFNQREEh
. 0
0
0
0
40000
0
ZINC COMPOUNDS
10061 SNRFNQREEh
7900
411430
730
43143
•300
400538
METHANOL
100616NRFNQREEK
7(000
38M881
0
0
02000
3036078
XYLENE (MIXED ISOMER8)
100618NRFNQREEh
29000
357084
0
0
88780,
530338
ETHYLBENZENE
10061 SNRFNGREEf
MOO
4064*8
0
0
8030
1067343
TOLUENE
10061 SNRFNQREEh
HMO
5584832
0
0
101800
0024540
CHROMIUM COMPOUNDS
100616NRFNQREEh
0400
23132200
480
1737534
11100
30670600
ANTIMONY. COMPOUNDS
10061SNRFNQREEh
460
20369433
10880
483807653
117(0
820817025
¦METHYL TERT-BUTYL ETHER
10061 SNRFNQREEh
.6000
24467310
0
0
31100.
74820353
BENZENE
100616NRFNQREEh
20000
140108751
0
0
83800
431387041
ETHYLENE OXIDE
19061 SNRFNQREEf
0
0
0
0
110400 16770050332
988926
17853002133
-------
CHESTER RISK PROJECT
TABLE 4-28
TRI TRANSFERS:
TRI TOTALS:
1
1982 TRI FOR REGION III
POTW
POTW
Off site
Olfelto
Total Releaaea
Total
Total Releases
Total
DELAWARE CO., PA
Transfers
Chronic
Transfers
Chronic
and Transfers
Chronie
and Transfers
Chronic Inoex
Chemical Nam*
Facility IDS
flhMl
Index
(Ihfrrl
Index
(Ih/vrl
Sums
XYLENE (MIXED ISOMERS)
19014ZNTHP200CO
0
SCO
4412
26290
213706
TOLUENE
18014ZNTHP200CO
0
800
44126
20750
1919491
47000
2072187
ETHYLENE GLYCOL
19032MZRCH1B30C
0
2000
17730
2000
17710
DIETHANOLAMINE
10032MZRCH1630C
0
727
0
791
0
DIETHYL SULFATE
19032MZRCH1830C
0
0
0
214
0
GLYCOL ETHERS
19032MZRCH1830C
•770
130191272
•779
120101772
11900
240772601
CHLOROMETHANE
19032MZRCH1830C
0
0
0
SN
496676
BENZYL CHLORIDE
1B032MZRCH1830C
0
0
0
211
4261020
17309
246608229
DECABROMOOIPH^NYL OXIDE
19013TRSCQ600WF
0
KM
8118983
COM
10617069
6000
10637965
XYLENE (MIXED ISOMER8)
100GOJLfffiS300EB
0
4000
>6460
2026S
212047
TOLUENE
10060JLNB8300EB
0
12102
1092143
98964
9764269
129130
8907112
HYDROCHLORIC ACID
19032THBLL1640D
0
0
0
790
0
HYDROQB) FLUORIDE
1B032THBLL1640D
0
0
0
790
0
PHOSPHORIC ACID
19032THBLL164CO
0
0
0
790
0
GLYCOL ETHERS
19032THBLL164CO
250
0
0
1000
17720041
3260
17720941
1,1.1 -TRICHLOROETHANE
18016TLDYN4THTO
0
0
0
111299
21917162
111268
21917182
DIETHANOLAMINE
1906IBPLCMPOSTF
0
0
0
0
0
NICKEL
10061 BPLCMPOSTF
0
0
0
0
0
PHOSPHORIC ACID
1906IBPLCMPO8TF
0
0
0
0
0
SULFURIC ACID
19061BPLCMPOSTF
0
0
0
0
0
1,2,4-TRIMETHYLBENZENE
18061BPLCMPO8TP
0
e
0
9
0
CYCLOHEXANE
19061 BPLCMPOSTF
0
0
0
419
0
HYDROGEN FLUORIDE
1Q061BPLCMPOSTF
0
0
0
•49
0
ETHYLENE
10061 BPLCMPOSTF
0
0
0
1267
0
PROPYLENE
10061 BPLCMPOSTF
0
0
0
4491
0
AMMONIA
19061BPLCMPOSTF
0
0
0
•4911
0
METHANOL
18061BPLCMPOSTF
0
0
0
290
10281
XYLENE (MIXED ISOMERS)
19061 BPLCMPOSTF
0
0
0
4S99
41141
ETHYLBENZENE
1B061BPLCMPOSTF
0
0
0
Ml
109119
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE
19061BPLCMPOSTF
0
0
0
49.
291174
TOLUENE
10061BPLCMPOSTF
0
0
0
4888
411408
U-DICHLOROETHANE
19061BPLCMPOSTF
0
0
0
in
1417722
NAPHTHALENE
10061BPLCMPOSTF
0
0
0
CM
2960900
METHYL TERT-BUTYL ETHER
10061BPLCMP08TF
0
0
0
29S2
10974117
BENZENE
10O61BPLCMPOSTF
0
0 .
0
1099
19721261
108803
31S706S5
SULFURIC ACID
100138NGHL INDUS
0
7<0
0
1000
0
METHYL ETHYL KETONE
19013BN OH. INDUS
0
16990
409091
40900
1209616
TOLUENE
10013BNGHLINDUS
0
12990
1112904
70990
6254217
page 11
-------
CHESTER RISK PROJECT
TABLE 4-28 tri transfers: \tri totals:
'1802 TRI FOR REGION III
DELAWARE CO., PA
Chtmica Nam*
Facility ID#
POTW
Tranotaro
m*r)
POTW
Chronic
Index
Off site
Transfers
(IhArr)
ill
Total R*Ihmi
and Transfers
HbMi
Total
Chronic
Total Raloasas
and Transfer*
Sums
Total
Chronic Index
Sums
CHROMIUM
NICKEL
10O13PNNSY1OO8E
10013PNNSY1008E
0 o
0 0
•¦ISO
11880
0
10330041
1(180
11880
0
10210041
29700
10239041
SULFURIC ACID
AMMONIA
10013NRTHM1200W
10013NRTHM1200W
0 0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
1700
0
0
1700
0
PHOSPHORIC ACID
AMMONIA
10331CNCRDCONC)
10331CNCRDCONQ
0 0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
5049
0
0
S04S
0
ETHYLENE
PROPYLENE
10061PSLNPBLUEB
10061PSLNPBLUEB
0 0
• 0
0
•
0
0
•100
•1100
0
0
70200
0
CHROMIUM COMPOUNDS
18013THPQCFRONT
0 0
147810
S21110840
147818
831187178
147536
523167378
FORMALDEHYDE
100G0HYDRL620CO
• 0
0
0
•10
84874
610
64074
NAPHTHALENE
BUTYL QENZYL PHTHALATE
19061CNQLMRIDQE
10061CNQLMRIDQE
0 0
1 ,441
7400
52100
32800)01
4918(80
7410
82(10
32844710
4M38S1
90020
37508577
FREON 1(3
1.1.1-TRICHLOROETHANE
ISOMMCONDOCRO;
10014MCQNDOCROI
0 0
0 0
0
•too
0
1301000
780
71Q0
443
1106(98
7080
1399139
COPPER COMPOUNDS
10O13HRCST661E0
0 0
0
0
10*
365217
103
366231
1,1,1 -TRICHLOROETHANE
ACETONE
10016RBNDS2RACE
I0016RBNDS2RACE
0 0
a e
0
low
0
1400671
1100
21*00
21(600
17020(0
22488
4008779
XYLENE (MIXED IBOMERS)
TOLUENE
10023SNTR Y237MI
100238NTRY237MI
0 0
0 0
1541S
•807
116891
762122
10818
14(07
171177
1102005
34232
1476062
METHANOL
10014CSTMC8CR02
0 0
0
0
1(620
580001
. 16628
686081
DIBUTYL PHTHALATE
METHYL METHACRYLATE
10020S8CHM48POV
10020S8CHM48POV
0 0
• 0
•00
3200
108180
700100
800
•1(8
106180
1M6114
•70S
1472693
TOLUENE
10014NTRNTI1CRO
• 0
4201
172417
18770
1108804
16779
1398804
1,1,1-TRICHLOROETHANE
10018LTTNSM ARPL
• 0
•080
1685845
1UOO
2710201
13900
2738291
NICKEL
TOLUENE
1.1.1-TRICHLOROETHANE
100188CHNNPENNJ
100188CHNNPENNJ
10018BCHNNPENNJ
8 4412
0 0
0 0
0
0
SIM
0
0
•17700
8
1009
11400
4432
08827
2248703
12407
2339052
N-BUTYL ALCOHOL
10014ZNTHP200CO
• 0
0
o
0
0
-------
CHESTER RISK PROJECT
TABLE 4-28 tri releases-.
1992 TRI FOR REGION III
Air Nonpoint Air NonPoint
Air Point
Air Point
Water
Water
Land
Land
Onsite Total Onsite Total
Onsite Total
Onsite Total
DELAWARE CO., PA
Relesses
Chronic
Releases.
Chronic
Releases Chronic
Releases Chronic
Releases
Chronic
Releases
Chronic Index
Chemical Nam*
Facility ID*
(Ihfrr)
Index
flhferl
Index
(Ifa/irrt
Index
(lb/tort
Index
(IbArrl
Index
Sums
Sums
TRICHLOROETHYLENE
1 SOI 38NGHLINDUS
390
24(662
8400
8355053
0
0
8850
8f01714
ACETONE
19013BNGHL INDUS
12000
2127591
7091977
0
0
52000
9218S6tf
METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE
10013BNQHL INDUS
290
88850
41000
14538552
0
0
41250
14C27202
184400
383087S5
SULFURIC ACID
10013SCTFM1&00E
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
TOLUENEDIISOCYANATE (MIXED ISC10O13SCTFM16OOE
8
0
181
0
0
0
158
0
dichlorometMane
19013SCTFM1600E
tttTl
30783309
10
11884
0
0
33542
39795179
33698
39796173
HYDROCHLORIC ACID
18013SCTTPFRONT
0
0
0
0
0
83000
U
SULFURIC ACID
19013SCTTPFRONT
0
0
110000
0
0
0
110000
0
BUTYL BENZYL PHTHALATE
19013SCTTPFRONT
7300
647143
59000
5230333
0
0
08300
6*77476
CHLOROFORM
19013SC7TPFRONT
woo
16991792
7500
18732123
0
0
14300
35715915
243600
41693391
SULFURIC ACID
1901 SWTCCR3300W
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-
METHANOL
19013WTCCR3300W
207SM
7381436
40707
1729981
0
0
256388
0091417
2-METHOXYETHANOL
10013WTCCR3300W
152094
6242605949
138565 2456748318
0
0
480658
8(89155264
747045
8708446682
CHLORINE
19061 SNRFNGREEf
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
CRESQL (MIXED ISOMERS)
19061SNRFNGREEfi
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
ETHYLENE GLYCOL
19061 SNRFNGREEf
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
PHENOL
19061 SNRFNGREEH
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
SULFURIC ACID
ISOeiSNRFNQREEh
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.3-8UTADIENE
19061 SNRFNGREEh
120
0
0
0
0
0
120
0
CYCLOHEXANE
10061SNRFNGREEF
1(00
0
950
0
0
0
2550
0
1,2,4-TRIMETHYLBENZENE
19061 SNRFNQREEf
4900
0
88
0
0
0
4898
0
AMMONIA
10061 SNRFNGREEf
•300,
0
0
0
0
0
8100
6
PROPYLENE
190616NRFNGREEF
tTQflO
0
12000
0
0
0
45000
0
ETHYLENE
19061 SNRFNQREEh
•ffiflftft
0
0
0
0
0
46000
0
ZINC COMPOUNDS
100616NRFNGREE*
0
0
270
15957
0
0
270
15957
METHANOL
ie061SNRFNQREEh
5700
202121
1100
39006
0
0
6800
711127
XYLENE (MIXED ISOMERS)
19061 SNRFNGflEEC
29000
257084
1700
15070
0
0
30700
172155
ETHYLBENZENE
19061 SNRFNQREEh
MOO
511898
220
39006
0
0
3220
8/0904
TOLUENE
10061SNRFNQREEf
21000
2748141
7800
691488
0
0
38900
3439609
CHROMIUM COMPOUNDS
19061 SNRFNGREEt*
0
0
1300
4609785
. 0
0
1300
4609785
ANTIMONY COMPOUNDS
19061SNRFNQREEK
0
0
400
17728941
0
0
400
17729941
METHYL TERT-BUTYL ETHER
19061 SNRFNGREEIi
4800
17020744
9400
33332290
0
0
14200
50353033
BENZENE
19061 SNRFNQREEh
51000
262225734
3900
20052566
0
0
84800
282278280
ETHYLENE OXIDE
19061 SNRFNGREEf
110000
18710185920
400
80764312
0
o|
110400
1(770950232
368956
17130461033
pageB
-------
CHESTER RISK PROJECT -
TABLE 4-28. m releases:
1982 TRI FOR REGION III
Air Nonpoint Air NonPolnl
Air Point
Air Point
Water
Water
Land
Land
Onoita Total Onalta Total
Onsite Total
Onsila Total
DELAWARE CO., PA
Roloaoos
Chronic
Roloaoos
Chronic
Rolsaom
Chronio
Roloaoao Chronio
Rolaaooo '
Chronic
Roloaoco
Chronic Indox
Facility ID*
flhfrr)
flhfrrl
Indox
(IhArrt
(IMifl
llbtal
Indos.
Sumo
Sums
XYLENE (MIXED ISOMERS)
10014ZNTHP200CO
ISO
2210
25500
226057
0
0
0
20750
220273
TOLUENE
19014ZNTHP200CO
HO
32162
10000
1772904
0
0
0
20250
17BS157
48000
2033430
ETHYLENE GLYCOL
loo&MzncHteaoc
•
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
DIETHANOLAMINE
19032MZRCH1830C
57
0
0
0
0
0
0
57
0
DIETHYL SULFATE
19032MZRCH1830C
834
0
0
0
0
0
0
234
0
GLYCOL ETHERS
19032MZRCH1B30C
22
300090
0
0
0
0
0
22
309090
CHLOROMETHANE
10032M2RCH1B30C
5
3010
570
452057
0
0
0
983
496076
BENZYL CHLORIDE
19032UZRCHI830C
811
4201020
0
0
0
0
0
111
4261020
1107
6107956
DECABROMODIPHENYL OXIDE
(S013TRSCQBOOWF
3000
9318802
0
0
0
0
0
3000
5319002
3000
6318982
XYLENE (MIXED ISOMERS)
19060JLNBS300EB
10770
160470
3407
30012
0
0
0
22200
107307
TOLUENE
100p0JLNBS300EB
73007
0470270
13556
1201047
0
0
0
00542
7671023
1081108
7860310
HYDROCHLORIC ACID
19032THBLL16400
280
0
290
0
0
290
0
750
0
HYDROGEN FLUORIDE
10032THBLL16400
990
0
290
0
0
too
0
790
0
PHOSPHORIC ACID
10032THBLL16400
MO
0
290
0
0
290
0
790
0
GLYCOL ETHERS
19032THBLL16400
too
4432460
290
4432405
0
250
4432405
750
13207456
3000
13297466
1,1,1-TRICHLOROETHANE
19016TLDYN4THTO
22291
4303432
tffHM
17533730
0
0
0
111295
2101.'162
111366
21917162
DIETHANOLAMINE
10061BPLCMPOSTF
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
NICKEL
10061BPLCMP08TF
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
PHOSPHORIC ACID
10061BPLCMP08TF
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
SULFURIC ACID
19061BP L CM POST F
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,2,4-TRIMETHYLBENZENE
19061BPLCM POST F
0
0
5
0
0
0
0
5
0
CYCLOHEXANE
19061BPLCMPO8TF
302
0
31
0
0
0
.0
415
0
HYDROGBI FLUORIDE
19061 BPLCM POSTF
049
0
0
0
0
0
0
045
0
ETHYLENE
19061 BPLCM P08TF
114
0
1193
0
0
0
0
1207
0
PROPYLENE
19061BPLCM POSTF
1107
0
3200
0
0
0'
e
4483
0
AMMONIA
19061 BPLCM POSTF
70
0
17400
0
00078
0
0
0
84531
0
METHANOL
19061BPLCM POSTF
0
0
200
10203
0
0
0
200
1-J203
XYLENE (MIXED ISOMERS)
19061BPLCM POSTF
4400
30050
403
4202
0
0
0
4000
41341
ETHYLBENZENE
19061BPL CM POSTF
001
103011
12
2120
0
0
0
503
109130
TETRACHLOflOETHYLENE
10O61BPLCMPO8TF
49
201174
0
0
0
0
0
45
201374
TOLUENE
19061 BPLCM POSTF
4400
300901
403
42016
0
0
0
4080
433400
1,2-DtCHLOROETHANE
19061 BPLCM POSTF
IN
1437722
0
0
0
0
0
133
1437722
NAPHTHALENE
19061 BPLCM POSTF
600
2000000
0
0
0
0
0
000
2060000
METHYL TERT-BUTYL ETHER
19061BPLCM POSTF
n
127(50
2040
10440401
0
0
0
2002
10S74137
BENZENE
19061BPLCM POSTF
M44
13004600
414
2128980
0
0
0
3058
15721261
10WI93
31679566
SULFURIC AC|P
10013BNGHLINDUS
' 0
0
280
0
0
0
0
250
0
METHYL ETHYL KETONE
190138NQK8. INDUS
290
7307
24000
700108
0
0
0
24250
71*3585
TOLUENE
19013BNQHL INDUS
1000
00890
57000
0
0
0
Btfrtft
614.603
page a
-------
CHESTER RISK PROJECT
TABLE 4-28 tri releases:
1882 TRI FOR REGION III
DELAWARE CO., PA
Chemical Name
Facility ID#
Air Nan point Air NonPoint
Releases Chronic
(lb/wr) Index
Air Point
Releases
(Ib/ifrt
Air Point
Chronic
Index
Water Water
Releases Chronic
(IbArrl Index
Land Land
Releases Chronic
(IbAtrl Index
Onslte Total Onsite Total
Releases Chronic
(Ibfrrt Index
Onslte Total
Releases
Sums
Onsite Total
Chronic Index
Sums
CHROMIUM
19013PNNSY100BE
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
NICKEL
19013PNNSY100BE
•
0
0
0
0
0
• 0
0
c
0
0
SULFURIC ACID
19013NRTHM1200W
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
AMMONIA
10013NRTHM1200W
0
0
1700
0
•
0
0 0
1700
0
1700
0
PHOSPHORIC ACID
19331CNCRDCONQ
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
AMMONIA
10331CNCROCONO
sou
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
5045
0
6045
0
ETHYLENE
10061PSLNPBLUEB
•700
0
>400
0
0
0
0 0
9100
0
PROPYLENE
19061PSLNPBLUEB
uooo
0
•100
0
0
0
0 0
61100
0
70200
0
CHROMIUM COMPOUNDS
19013THPQCFRONT
0
0
s
17710
0
0
0 0
5
17710
5
17730
FORMALDEHYDE
1S0S0HYDRL620CO
71
MIS
541
47959
0
0
e o
•10
54874
610
54874
NAPHTHALENE
19061CNGLMRIDGE
s
22162
5
22162
0
0
0 0
10
14129
BUTYL BENZYL PHTHALATE
19061CNGLMRIDGE
260
221(2
250
22162
5
443
0 0
SOS
44766
SIS
88083
FREON 113
leOMMCQNDOCRO;
7S0
441
0
0
0
0
0 0
750
441
1,1,1-TRICHLOROETHANE
t9014MCQND8CRO;
780
147750
250
49250
0
0
0 0
1>X)0
1«69ft»
1750
187443
COPPER COMPOUNDS
19013HRCST 651E9
0
0
101
165217
0
0
0 0
101
145237
103
365237
1,1,1 -TRICHLOROETHANE
19016RBNDS2 RACE
1100
316699
0
0
0
0 0
1100
216696
acetone
10016RBNDS2RACE
1700
101409
0
0
0
0
0 0
1700
111409
2800
518108
XYLENE (MIXED ISOMERS)
10O23SNTR Y237M1
0
0
4100
16146
0
0
0 0
4100
U346
TOLUENE
. 19023SNTR Y237MI
0
0
•100
540761
0
0
0 0
6100
540761
10200
S77110
METHANOL
19014CSTMC8CRO2
•34
29574
15694
556S07
0
0
0 0
16S2S
636081
16528
586081
DIBUTYL PHTHALATE
19029SSCHM46POV
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
METHYL METHACRYLATE
1B029SSCHM48POV
aoco
. 696008
5
. 1108
0
0
0 0
2865
657116
2065
657116
TOLUENE
19014NTRNT11CRO
11578
1026186
0
0
0
0
0 0
11578
1026388
11678
1026366
1.1.1-TRICHLOROETHANE
19018LTTNSMARPL
2150
462948
1500
689498
0
0
0 0
6850
1152446
S850
1152446
NICKEL
19016BCHNNPENNJ
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
TOLUENE
190168CHNNPENNJ
0
0
1002
88827
0
0
0 0
1002
H8827
1,1,1 -TRICHLOROETHANE
1901BBCHNNPECMJ
0
0
•264
1626001
0
0
0 0
•264
16--6001
8266
1716830
N-BUTYL ALCOHOL
19014ZNTHP200CO
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
page 7
-------
CHESTER RISK PROJECT
TABLE 4-28 toxicity data.-
1992 TRI FOR REGION 111
R afar one* Confidanca
Rcfaranoc
Cancer Waight
RfD
CPF
DELAWARE CO., PA
Dos* Statamant
Dosa
Potancy of
Indax
Indax
Facility ID#
(RID)
Status
rCPF) Evldanca
Dosa
TRICHLOROETHYLENE
10013BNGHLINDUS
0
0.011 c-b2
0
1.2477726
ACETONE .
10013BNQHL INDUS
0.1 tow
Iris
0
7
0
METHYL ISOSUTYL KETONE
190138NGHL INDUS
0.06
HEAST
0
3.6
0
SULFURIC ACID
19013SCTFM1600E
0
0
0
0
TOLUENEDIISOCYANATE (MIXED ISC10O13SCTFM15GOE
0
0
0
0
DICHLOROMETHANE
1S013SCTFM1600E
0.06 medium
Iris
0.0076 B2
4.2
1.3030366
HYDROCHLORIC ACID
100138CTTPFRONT
0
0
0
0
SULFURIC ACID
10O138CTTPFRONT
0
0
0
0
BUTYL BENZYL PHTHALATE
10013SCTTPFRONT
0.2 low
Iris
0 C
14
0
CHLOROFORM
19013SCTTPFRONT
0.01 medium
tr*
_ 0.0061 B2
0.7
1.7127488
SULFURIC ACID
10013WTCCR3300W
0
0
0
0
METHANOL
19013WTCCfl3300W
0.6 medium
Iris
0
35
0
2-METHOXYETHANOL
10013WTCCR3300W
0.001 na
HEAST
0
0.07
0
CHLORINE
10061 SNRFNQREEh
0
0
- 0
0
CRE60L (MIXED IS0MER8)
10081SNRFNGREE*
0
0
0
0
ETHYLENE GLYCOL
10061SNRFNGREEK
2 IDgti
Iris
0
140
0
PHENOL
10061SNRFNGREEK
0.6 low
Iris
0
42
0
SULFURIC ACID
10061SNRFNQREB
0
0
0
0
1,3-BUTADIENE
100618NRFNQREB
0
0
0
0
CYCLOHEXANE .
10061SNRFNQREEF
0
0
0
0
1,2.4-TRIMETHYLBENZENE
100616NRFNQREEh
0
0
0
0
AMMONIA
100618NRFNGREEF
0
0
0
0
PROPYLENE
100618NRFNQREEh
0
0
0
0
ETHYLENE
' 10061SNRFNGREEK
0
0
0
0
ZINC COMPOUNDS
10061SNRFNQREEK
0.3 medium
Iris
0
21
0
METHANOL
10061SNRFNGREEh
0.6 medium
Ids
0
36
0
XYLENE (MIXED ISOMERS)
10061SNRFNQREEh
2 medium
Iris
0
140
0
ETHYLBENZENE
10061SNRFNQREEK
0.1 low
Iris
0
7
0
TOLUENE
100618NRFNQREEF
0.2 medium
Irjs
0
14
0
CHROMIUM COMPOUNDS
100616NHFNQREEf
0.006 low
Iris
0
0.36
0
ANTIMONY COMPOUNDS
10061SNRFNQREEK
0.0004 low
Iris
0
0.028
0
METHYL TERT-BUTYL ETHER
10061SNRFNQREEh
0.006 na
0
0.36
0
BENZENE
10061 BNRFNQREEf
0
0.029 A
0
0.2413704
ETHYLENE OXIDE
lOOeiSNRFNQREEf
0
1.02 B1
0
0.0081600
-------
CHESTER RISK PROJECT
TABLE 4-28 toxicity data:
1QS2 TRI FOR REGION III
Refer arte* Confidence
Reference
Cancer Weight
RID
CPF
DELAWARE CO., PA
Dose Statement
Doss
Potency of
Index
Index
Chemical Name
FacilitvIM
mim
Status
fCPFl Evidence
Dos*
Dose
XYLENE (MIXED ISOMERS)
10014ZNTHP200CO
2 medium
Iris
0
140
0
TOLUENE
10014ZNTHP200CO
0.2 medium
Iris
0
14
0
ETHYLENE GLYCOL
10032MZRCH1S30C
2 high
Iris
0
140
0
DIETHANOLAMINE
10032MZRCH1830C
0
0
0
0
DIETHYL SULFATE
10032MZRCH1830C
0
0
0
0
GLYCOL ETHERS
1B032MZRCH1830C
0.001 na
HEAST
0
0.07
0
CHLOROMETHANE
19032UZRCH103OC
0
0.013 C
0
1.6037112
BENZYL CHLORIDE
10032MZRCH1830C
0
0.17 B2
0
0.0614674
DECABROMODIPHENYL OXIDE
l9013TRgCQ800WF
0.01 low
If Is
0
0.7
0
XYLENE (MIXED ISOMERS)
1B0SOJLNBS30OEB
2 medium
Iris
0
140
0
TOLUENE
I0060JLNBS300EB
0.2 medium
Iris
0
14
0
HYDROCHLORIC ACID
10032THBLL16400
0
0
0
0
HYDROGEN FLUORIDE
10032THBLL16400
0
0
0
0
PHOSPHORIC ACID
10032THBLL1640D
0
0
0
0
GLYCOL ETHERS
10032THBLL1640D
0.001 na
HEAST
0
0.07
0
1.1.1 -TRICHLOROETHANE
10O16TLDYN4THTO
0.00 na
w/d horn Iris and heast
0
6.3
0
DIETHANOLAMINE
10061BPLCMPOSTF
0
0
0
0
NICKEL
10061BPLCM POST F
0.02 medfejm
Iris
0
1.4
0
PHOSPHORIC ACID
10061BPLCMPOSTF
0
0
0
0
SULFURIC ACID
10061BPLCMPOSTF
0
0
0
0
1,2,4-TRIMETH YLBENZENE
10061 BPLCM POSTF
0
0
0
0
CYCLOHEXANE
10061BPLCMPOSTF
0
0
0
0
HYDROGEN FLUORIDE
10061 BPLCM P08TF
0
0
0
0
ETHYLENE
10061BPLCM POSTF
0
0
0
0
PROPYLENE
10061BPLCM POSTF
0
0
0
0
AMMONIA
10061 BPLCM P08TF
0
0
0
0
METHANOL
10061 BPLCM POSTF
0.S medium
Iris
0
35.
0
XYLENE (MIXED ISOMERS)
10061 BPLCM POSTF
2 medium
Iris
0
140
0
ETHYLBENZENE
10061BPtCM POSTF
0.1 low
Iris
0
7
0
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE
10061BPLCM POSTF
0.01 medium
Iris
0.052 C-b2
0.7
0.2630510
TOLUENE
10061BPLCM POSTF
0.2 medium
Iris
0
14
0
U-OICHLOROETHANE
10061 BPLCM POSTF
0
0.001 B2
0
0.1148106
NAPHTHALENE
10061BPLCM POSTF
0.004 na
ECAO: Risk Assessment 2/02
0
0.28
.0
METHYL TERT-BUTYL ETHER
10061BPLCM POSTF
0.006 na
0
0.35
0
BENZENE
18061BPLCM POSTF
0
0.020 A
0
0.2413704
SULFURIC ACID
190138NQHLINDUS
0
0
0
0
METHYL ETHYL KETONE
100138NGH. INDUS
0.6 low
Iris
0
42
0
TOLUENE
190138NGHLINDUS
0.2 medium
Ills
0
14
0
page 6
-------
CHESTER RISK PROJECT
TABLE 4-28 toxicity data:
1M2TRIF0R REGION III
DELAWARE CO., PA
Chemical Nam*
Facility ID#
Reference Confidence
Dos* Statement
(RID)
Reference
Oom
Status
Cancer Wright
Potency of
-------
CHESTER RISK PROJECT
TABLE 4-28
1092 TRI FOR REGION III
DELAWARE CO., PA SIC
-------
CHESTER RISK PROJECT
TABLE 4-28
1M2 TBI FOR REGION III
DELAWARE CO., PA
' Nflfflt Facility ID* Facility Nam. Strut Addr—
XYLENE (MIXED ISOMERS)
TOLUENE
19014ZNTHP200CO ZENITH PROOUCT8 CORP.
19014ZNTHP200CO ZENITH PRODUCTS CORP.
200 COMMERCE DR.
200 COMMERCE DR.
ETHYLENE GLYCOL
DIETHANOLAMINE"
DIETHYL SULFATE
GLYCOL ETHERS
CHLOROMETHANE
BENZYL CHLORIDE
19032MZRCH1830C PPG IND. INC.
10032MZRCH1830C PPQ IND. INC.
1B03SMZRCH1B30C PPQ IND. INC.
19032MZRCH1830C PPQ IND. INC.
19032MZRCH1830C PPQ IND. INC.
10032MZRCH1830C PPQ IND. INC.
1830 COLUMBIA AVE.
1830 COLUMBIA AVE.
1830 COLUMBIA AVE.
1830 COLUMBIA AVE.
1830 COLUMBIA AVE.
1830 COLUMBIA AVE.
DECABROMODIPHENYL OXIDE
10O13TR8CQ6OOWF TR8 ACQUISITION CORP.
800 W. FRONT 8T.
XYLENE (MIXED I60MERS)
TOLUENE
19050JLNBS300EB JULIAN B. SLEVIN CO. INC.
19050JUeS300EB JULIAN B. 8LEVIN CO. INC.
300 E. BALTIMORE AVE
300 E. BALTIMORE AVE.
HYDROCHLORIC ACID
HYDROG0J FLUORIDE
PHOSPHORIC ACID
GLYCOL ETHERS
19032THSLL1640D BULLEN COMPANIES
19032THBLL16400 BULLEN COMPANIES
1B032TH8LL1640D BULLEN COMPANIES
10032THBLL16400 BULLEN COMPANIES
1840 DEL MAR DR.
1640DELMARDR.
1640DELMAR DR.
1640 DELMAR OR.
1,1,1-TRICHLOROETHANE
10016TLDYN4THTO TELEDYNE PACKAGING
4TH A TOWNSEND ST8.
DIETHANOLAMINE
19081BPLCMPO8TRBP EXPLORATION A OIL
INC.
POST RD.
NICKEL
10O61BPLCMPOSTRBP EXPLORATION A OIL
INCi
POST RD.
PHOSPHORIC ACID
10061BPLCMPOSTRBP EXPLORATION A OIL
INC.
POST RD.
SULFURIC ACID
10081BPLCMPOSTRBP EXPLORATION A OIL
INC.
P08TRD.
1,2,4-TRIMETHYLBENZENE
19081BPLCMPO8TRBP EXPLORATION ft OIL
INC.
POSTRD.
CYCLOHEXANE
10061BPLCMPOSTRBP EXPLORATION A OH.
INC.
POST RD.
HYDROGEN FLUORIDE
1B081BPLCMPOSTRBP EXPLORATION A OB.
INC.
POSTRD.
ETHYLENE
10O8IBPLCMPOSTRBP EXPLORATION A OIL
INC.
POST RD.
PROPYLENE
19081BPLCMPO8TRBP EXPLORATION A OIL
INC.
POSTRD.
AMMONIA
10061BPLCMPOSTR BP EXPLORATION i OIL
INC.
POST RD.
METHANOL
10O81BPLCMPOSTRBP EXPLORATION A OIL
INC.
POSTRD.
XYLENE (MIXED ISOMER8)
19061BPLCMPOSTR BP EXPLORATION A OIL
INC.
POST RD.
ETHYLBENZENE
19061BPLCMPOSTRBP EXPLORATION & OIL
INC.
POSTRD.
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE
19081BPLCMPO8TRBP EXPLORATION & OIL
INC.
POST RD.
TOLUENE
19061 BPLCMPOSTR BP EXPLORATION & OIL
INC.
POSTRD.
U-DtCHLOROETHANE
19061 BPLCMPOSTR BP EXPLORATION & OIL
INC.
POSTRD.
NAPHTHALENE
10061BPLCMPOSTR BP EXPLORATION & OIL
INC.
POSTRD.
METHYL TERT-BUTYL ETHER
19061BPLCMPOSTR BP EXPLORATION A OIL
INC.
POSTRD.
BENZENE
10O61BPLCMPO8TRBP EXPLORATION A OIL
INC..
POST RD.
SULFURIC ACID
METHYL ETHYL KETONE
TOLUENE
19013BNGHL INDUS BOEING DEFENSE A SPACE GROUP STEWART AVE. A INDUSTRIAL HWY.
190138NGHL INDUS BOEING DEFENSE A SPACE GROUP STEWART AVE. A INDUSTRIAL HWY
19013BNGHL INDUS BOEING DEFEN8E « SPACE GROUP 8TEWART AVE. i INDUSTRIAL HWY.
Citv
Countv
10014
ASTON
DELAWARE
306215
-760016 2614
10014
ASTON
DELAWARE
396216
-750016 2614
10032
FOLCROFT
DELAWARE
305319
-761637 2843
10032
FOLCROFT
DELAWARE
396319
-761637 2843
10032
FOLCROFT
DELAWARE
306319
-7S1637 2843
10032
FOLCROFT
DELAWARE
396310
-7S1637 2843
10032
FOLCROFT
DELAWARE
395319
-761637 2843
10032
FOLCROFT
DELAWARE
396U10
-761637 2643
10013
CHESTER
DELAWARE
306000
-762230 2952
10060
LANSOOWNE
DELAWARE
396600
-761900 2609
10060
LANSDOWNE
03-AWARE
396600
-761900 2699
10032
FOLCROFT
DELAWARE
396343
-761640 2B42
10032
FOLCROFT
DELAWARE
396343
-761640 2842
10032
FOLCROFT
DELAWARE
306343
-761640 2842
10032
FOLCROFT
DELAWARE
306343
-761640 2642
10018
CHESTER
DELAWARE
306030
-762160 3499
10081
TRAINER
DELAWARE
394900
-762400 2911
10081
TRAINER
DELAWARE
394900
-762400 2911
10061
TRAINER
DELAWARE
394000
-762400 2911
19061
TRAINER
DELAWARE
394(40
-762400 2911
10081
TRAINER
DELAWARE
394000
-762400 2911
10061
TRAINER
DELAWARE
394000
-762400 2911
10061
TRAINER
DELAWARE
394600
-762400 2911
10061
TRAINER
DELAWARE
394600
-762400 2911
10061
TR/UNER
DELAWARE
394000
-762400 2011
10061
TF:AINER
DELAWARE
394600
-762400 2011
10081
TRAINER
DELAWARE
394600
-762400 2011
10061
TRAINER
DELAWARE
394900
-762400 2011
10061
TRAINER
DELAWARE
394900
-752400 2011
19061
TRAINER
DELAWARE
394900
-762400 2011
10081
TRAINER
DELAWARE
394900
-762400 2911
10081
TRAINER
DELAWARE
394900
-752400 2911
10061
TRAINER
DELAWARE
394000
-762400 2011
10061
TRAINER
DELAWARE
394900
-762400 2911
10061
TRAINER
DELAWARE
394900
-762400 2911
10103
ridley Park
DELAWARE
396261
-761932 3721
10103
RIDLEY PARK
DELAWARE
396261
•761932 3721
10103
HIDLEY PARK
DELAWARE
396£SI
-761932 3721
-------
CHESTER RISK PROJECT
TABLE 4-32
MAXIMUM CARCINOGENIC RISKS IN AIR
CHEMICAL
MAXIMUM
PREDICTED
CONCENTRATION
(ug/m5)
RISK-BASED
LEVEL
(ug/m5)
CARCINOGENIC
RISK*
chromium VI
0.0047
0.00015
3E-05
benzene
2.8
0.22
1E-05
gasoline
0.19
5.10E-05
(ug/m5) "1**
9E-06
1,3-butadiene
0.044
0.0064
7E-06
cadmium
0.0067
0.00099
7E-06
arsenic
0.0022
0.00041
5E-06
diesel
0.24
1.70E-05
(ug/m5)'1**
4E-06
crotonaldehyde
0.012
0.0033
3E-06
acrylonitrile
0.042
0.026
2E-06
formaldehyde
0.30
0.14
2E-06
vinyl chloride
0.025
0.021
IE—06
"Value represents the maximum carcinogenic risk posed by an
individual chemical at a specific location.
**Value represents the unit risk for this compound.
-------
CHESTER KI6X PROJECT
TABLB 4-33
MXXIXUIC MOM-CAHCBIt THREATS ZN AXR
CHEKXCAL
MAXIMUM
PREDICTED
CONCENTRATION
(ug/a3)
RISK-BASED
LEVEL
(ug/a1)
HAZARD
QUOTIENT*
hydrogen chloride
17
7.3
2.4
acrolein
0.33
0.021
.1.6
2 °nethoxyathano1
19
21
0.9
nercury (inorganic)
0.061
0.31
0.2
*Valu« represents th« naxiaun non-cancer threat, ae predicted by
the Hazard Quotient, posed by an individual eheaical at a
specific location.
-------
CfcESTER RISK PROJECT
TABLB 4-34
XAlXXUM RATIO 07 PREDICTED CONCENTRATIONS
or CRITERIA POLLUTANTS TO
NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS
CHEMICAL
MAXIMUM
PREDICTED
CONCENTRATION
(ug/m5)
NATIONAL
AMBIENT AIR
QUALITY
STANDARD
(ug/m*) *
RATIO**
carbon monoxide (1 hour)
1960
40,000
in
o
•
o
carbon monoxide (8 hours)
675
10,000
0.07
lead (quarter)
0.11***
1.5
0.08
nitrogen dioxide (annual)
32
100
0.3
ozone (1 hour)
*•**
235
— ¦
FM-10 (24 hours)
70
150
0.5
PM-10 (annual)
14
50
0.3
sulfur dioxide (3 hours)
372
1300
0.3
sulfur dioxide (24 hours)
170
365
0.5
sulfur dioxide (annual)
41
80
0.5
*Please refer to Table 4-31 for a detailed explanation of each
standard.
**Value represents the ratio between the maximum predicted
concentration and the National Ambient Air Quality Standard.
***The modeled concentration for lead represents an annual
average level, rather than a quarterly concentration. Although
the annual average leyel was compared to the quarterly standard
for lead, inaccuracies related to such a comparison are
insignificant in the context of this study.
****Ozone vaa not evaluated in the air modeling exercise.
-------
CHESTER COUNTY RISK PROJECT
TABLE 4-29
SUMMARY RANKING FOR
TOTAL ONSITE RELEASES
Facility Nam*
City
Total Onaita
Total Onaita
Total Onaita
Raaidual Maaa
Chronic Indox
Chronic Index and Residual Maas
Sums
Relative Hazard
Relative Hazard
28
PENNSYLVANIA MACHINE WORK
ASTON
0
0
0
27
OQCOttP
CHESTS'
8
1*730
17730
26
HYOROL CHEMICAL CO.
YEADON
•1S
S4874
54874
25
CONGOLEUM CORP.
MARCUS HOOK
SIS
80093
89093
24
MCGEE INDUSTRIES INC.
ASTON
1750
197443
197443
23
HARCAST CO. INC.
CHESTER
103
365237
385237
22
ORB IND. NC.
UPLAND
2800
518108
518108
21
SENTRY PANT TECH.
DARBY
10200
577110
577110
20
CUSTOM COMPOUNDING INC.
ASTON
16S28
886081
586081
Id
ESSCHEMCO.
ESSINGTON
2088
657118
657116
18
NORTH AMERICA SILICA
CHESTER
1700
0
885414
17
INTERNATIONAL ENVELOPE CO.
ASTON
11S78
1028388
1026386
16
CUFTON PRECISION - N.
CUFTON HEK3HTS
S880
11S2446
1152446
15
BUCHAN IND.
CLIFTON HEIGHTS
9266
1718830
1716830
14
ZENITH PR00UCTS CORP.
ASTON
48000
2023430
2023430
13
CONCORD BEVBtAQE CO.
CONCORDVILLE
S04S
0
2568245
12
PPG IND. WC. ,
FOLCROFT
1107
610795S
5107955
11
TRS ACQUISITION CORP.
CHESTS)
3000
5318982
5318982
10
JULIAN a SLEVtN CO. INC.
LANSOOWNE
108808
7869310
7869310
0
BULLS* COMPANIES
FOLCROFT
3000
13297456
13297456
8
TELEDYNE PACKAGING
CHESTER
1112SS
21917162
21917162
7
BP EXPLORATION & OIL NC.
TRAINER
108893
31S79S6S
31579585
6
EPSILON PROOS. CO.
MARCUS HOOK
70200
0
35736527
S
BOEING DEFENSE & SPACE GRC
RIDLEY PARK
184400
38308755
38308755
4
FOAMEXLP.
EDOYSTCNE
33898
3979S173
39795173
. 3
SCOTT PAPER CO.
CHESTER
243800
41693391
41593391
2
wrrcocoRp.
TRAMER
747045
8708448682
8708446682
1
8LM REFINING « MARKETING C£
MARCUS HOOK
388956
17130481033
17130481033
KEY
^ ¦ m
uretr iuuiuc
0MM0I
eanfktene* limit
laofli amctnM» 8J% eonlUmwa
a
6
-------
APPENDIX II
REFERENCES
-------
REFERENCES V. 0.2
Amdur, M.O., Doull, J. and Klaassen, C.D., Editors, 1993.
Casarett and Doull's Toxicology, The Basic Science of Poisons.
Fourth Edition. McGraw-Hill, Inc., NY.
BP Oil Groundwater Quality Data. February 1994.
Calabrese, E.J., Gilbert, C.E., and H. Pastides, (Editors),
1989. Safe Drinking Water Act: Amendments, Regulations and
Standards. Lewis Publishers, Chelsea.
Doull,'J., C.D. Klaassen, and M.O. Amdur, 1986. Casarett and
Doull's Toxicology: The Basic Science of Poisons. Third Edition.
MacMillan Publishing Company, New York.
Energy and Natural Resources (ENR), 1988. A Total Exposure and
Risk Assessment for Drinking Water Contaminated with Volatile
Organic Compounds. ILENR/RE-AQ-87/22. November.
Foster, S.A. and P.C. Chrostowski, 1987. Inhalation Exposures to
Volatile Organic Contaminants in the Shower. ICF Clement
Associates, Washington, D.c. For Presentation at the 80th_Animal_
Meeting of APCA (The Association Dedicated to Air Pollution
Control and Hazardous Waste Management), New York, June 21-26.
Gross, 1994. Personal Communication: June 1994. Carol Ann
Gross. U.S. EPA. Region 3. Water Division.
Hall, G.M, 1934. 3rd printing, 1973. Ground Water in
Southeastern Pennsylvania. 255p., 7 pis., geol. map, scale
1:380,160.
Hawley, Gessner G. 1981. The Condensed Chemical Dictionary.
Tenth Edition. Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., New York.
Howard, P.H., 1989. Handbook of Environmental Fate and Exposure
Data for Organic Chemicals. Volume 1. Lewis Publishers,
Chelsea.
Layton, D.W., et al, 1987. Deriving allowable daily intakes for
systemic toxicants lacking chronic toxicity data. Regulatory
Toxicology and Pharmacology 7:96-112.
Lewis, Richard J., Sr., 1992. Sax's Dangerous Properties of
Industrial Materials. Eighth Edition. Van Nostrand Reinhold
Co., New York.
National Toxicology Program (NTP) Report #TR-267.
Olson, E.D., 1993. Natural Resources Defense Council. Think
Before You Drink. The Failure of the Nation's Drinking Water
System to Protect Public Health. September.
-------
Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Resources (PADER), April
1994. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania 1994 Water Quality
Assessment; 305(b) Report. Bureau of Water Quality Management.
PECO RCRA Facility Investigation Work Plan. April 1994.
Rice, 1993. Personal communication: March 1993. Eugene Rice,
Ph.D. USEPA Headquarters. Microbiological Treatment Branch.
Rundell, 1994. Personal Communication: October 1994. Bruce
Rundell. U.S. EPA. Region 3. Hydrogeologist, Superfund Branch,
Technical Support Section.
Sax, N.I. and R.J. Lewis, Sr., 1989. Dangerous Properties of
Industrial Materials. Seventh Edition. Van Nostrand Reinhold
Co., New York.
Sittig, M., 1985. Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and
Carcinogens. Second Edition. Noyes Publications, Park Ridge,
New Jersey.
Sittig, Marshall, 1991. Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous
Chemicals and Carcinogens. Third Edition. Noyes Publications,
Park Ridge, New Jersey.
States 305(b) Water Quality Reports. 1989-1991. Delaware,
District of Columbia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia and West
Virginia.
Sun Oil Refinery Work Plan. September 1993.
United States Department of Commerce (USDOC), 1990. Economic and
Statistics Administration. Bureau of the Census. Summary Tape
File 3 on CD-ROM.
United :rates Drinking Water Standards Division (USDWD), 1991.
Final Draft for the Drinking Water Criteria Document on Radon.
Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water. Office of Water.
ICAIR Program No. 1524. June 14, 1991.
United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), 1986a.
Superfund Public Health Evaluation Manual. EPA 540/1-86/060.
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response, Washingtpn, D.C.
USEPA, 1986b. Pesticides in Ground Water: Background Document.
EPA 440/6-86-002. May.
USEPA, 1989a. Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund. Volume I:
Human Health Evaluation Manual. Interim Final. Office of
Emergency and Remedial Response, Washington, D.C. December.
USEPA, 1989b. Exposure Factors Handbook. Office of Health and
Environmental Assessment, Washington, D.C. EPA/600/8-89/043.
May.
-------
USEPA, 1989c. Health Effects Assessment Summary Tables (HEAST).
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response, Washington, D.C.
USEPA, 1989d. Surface Water Treatment Rule. 54 Federal
Register. June 29.
USEPA, 1990a. Health Effects Assessment Summary Tables (HEAST).
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response, Washington, D.C.
USEPA, 1990b. Drinking Water Quantification of Toxicologic
Effects for Methyl Tertiary-Butyl Ether- (MTBE). Environmental
Criteria and Assessment Office, Cincinnati, OH, prepared for
Office of Drinking Water, ECAO-CIN-D023.
USEPA, 1990c. RCRA .Orientation Manual. EPA 530-SW-90-036.
USEPA, 1991a. Human Health Evaluation Manual, Supplemental
Guidance: Standard Default Exposure Factors. Office of Emergency
and Remedial Response, Washington, D.C. OSWER Directive 9285.6-
03. March.
USEPA, 1991b. Lead and Copper Rule. 56 Federal Register 26460-
26564. June 7.
USEPA, 1991c. National Primary Drinking Water Regulations;
Radionuclides; Proposed Rule. Part II. 56 Federal Register
33050-33127. July 18.
USEPA, 199ld. Procedures for the Preparation of Emission
Inventories for Carbon Monoxide and Precursors of Ozone. Volume
I: General Guidance for Stationary Sources. EPA 450/4-91-016.
May 1991.
USEPA, 1991e. RCRA Prioritization System Scoring Summary. July.
USEPA, 1992a. Dermal Exposure Assessment: Principles and
Applications. Interim Report. Office of Health and
Environmental Assesment, Washington, D.C. EPA/600/8-91/011/B.
January.
USEPA, 1992b. National Study of Chemical Residues in Fish.
Office of Science and Technology, Washington, D.C. EPA 823-R-92-
008. September.
USEPA, 1993a. Total Coliform Rule. Learner's Guide for Public
Water Supply System Regulatory and Health Officials.
USEPA, 1993b. Health. Effects Assessment Summary Tables. (HEAST) ,
Annual Update. Office of Emergency and Remedial Response,
Washington, D.C. EPA/540-9-93/058. March.
USEPA, 1993c. Motor Vehicle-Related Air Toxics Study. EPA 420-
R-93-005. April.
-------
USEPA, 1993d. Chemical Indexing System for the Toxic Chemical
Release Inventory Part I: Chronic Index. EPA/903/R-93/002.
USEPA, 1994a. Health Effects Assessment Summary Tables (HEAST).
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response, Washington, D.C.
USEPA, 1994b. Region III Risk-Based Concentration Table, First
Quarter 1994.
USEPA, 1994c. Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS)
Database.
USEPA, 1994d. Drinking Water Regulations and Health Advisories.
Office.of Water. May.
USEPA, 1994e. National Primary Drinking Water Regulations;
Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts. 59 Federal Register
34320-34325. July 29.
USEPA, 1994f. Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic Model for
Lead in Children. Office of Emergency and Remedial Response,
Washington, D.C.
USEPA, 1994g. Comprehensive Environmental Response,
Compensation, and Liability Information System (CERCLIS)
Database.
USEPA, 1994h. STORET Database, Retrievals 4/13/94, 5/10/94, and
5/25/94. Research Triangle Park, N.C.
United States Geological Survey (USGS), 1989. Selected Ground-
Water Data, Chester County, PA. Open-file Report 87-217.
USGS, 1992. Are Fertilizers and Pesticides in the Grouhd Water?
A Case Study of the Delmarva Peninsula, Delaware, Maryland, and
Virginia, circular 1080.
USGS, 1993. Pesticides in Shallow Ground Water in the Delmarva
Peninsula. Unpublished Draft Report, March.
Versar, Inc. for United States Environmental Protection Agency.
1979. Water-Related Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants. Monitoring
and Data Support Division, Washington, D.C. EPA 440/4-79-029.
Verschueren, K. 1983. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic
Chemicals. Second Edition. Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., New York.
Weber, 1993. Personal Communication: March 1993. Pete Weber.
U.S. EPA. Region 3. Maryland Program Manager for Ground Water
Protection, Water Management Division.
Westinghouse Electric Corporation, 1991. Delaware County
Resource Recovery Facility, Pre—Operational Noise Monitoring
proposed by Roy F. Weston, Inc., and Analysis and Computing, Inc.
-------
February.
Westinghouse Electric Corporation, 1993. Delaware County
Resource Recovery Facility, Noise Report Summary. October.
-------
APPENDIX III
EPIDEMIOLOGIC INFORMATION
-------
Aqg-*diusted Incidence and mortality rataa for
Citv. Delaware County and adjacent eontii-ine.
The enclosed tables describe the cancer experience for
residents of Chester City, Delaware County and adjacent
counties. Tha five cancer sites listed for males and females
represent about 62 and 58 percent of the total cancer risk,
respectively.
The elevated cancer risk among males for "all sites
combined" in Chester City is characteristic of rates seen
among black males (549.3, Chester City compared to 523.2 per
100,000 Pennsylvania black males). The rate was 25 percent
greater than for all males in the state (549.3 compared to
439.3 per 100,000).
A significant proportion of the male cancers were lung
and prostate. Together they represented 49 percent of the
total cancer risk in the community. The most significant
cause of lung cancer cancer is cigarette smoking which
accounts for about 90 percent of all cases. There is no
known environmental cause of prostate cancer.
Similarly, the cancer risk for "all sites combined"
among females in Chester City is characteristic of rates
seen among black females (353.0, Chester City compared to
360.3 per 100,000 Pennsylvania black females). The rate was
5 percent lower than for all females in the state (353.0
compared to 372.6 per 100,000). Lung and breast cancers
account for 44 percent of the total cancer risk among
females. There is no known environmental cause of breast
cancer.
The death rates reflect the incidence rate and the
survival by individual cancers. The total cancer death rate
in the state for black males was 344 per 100,000 similar to
the rate for Chester City males (348 per 100,000). While
the death rate for females was 198.1 and 187.1 per 100,000
for Chester City females and Pennsylvania black females,
respectively.
-------
Age-adjusted cancer mortality rates for Chester
City, Delaware and adjacent counties, and
Pennsylvania by sex, 1989-93
Cheater Cltj
Delaware Co.
Montgomery Co.
Cheater Co.
Philadelphia C.
! Pennsylvania
MALES
All SlUa
340.0
231.0
201.6
214.0
294.0
226.8
Lung, trachea, ate
127.6
79.8
62.7
68.3
101.9
75.6
Colon-rectum
27.4
27.0
25.7
23.0
32.0
26.8
Piroetate
47.7
25.5
23.7
29.6
30.7
24.7
Non-Hodgldn'a Uym.
8.4
7.0
7.7
6.6
7.9
7.9
Leukemia
12.2
7.8
B.i
8.0
8.8
8.3
FEMALES
All Sltee
198.1
157.0
141.9
153.0
177.0
147.7
Lung, trachea
48.6
35.6
28.5
28.2
39.9
29.2
Colon-rectum
16.3
18.2
17.8
18.7
20.6
26,8
Breaat
42.7
33.2
30.7
30.1
34.1
29.6
Non-Hodgldn'a Ljm.
4.8
4.7
4.8
6.6
4.8
5.3
Leukemia
4.8
5.7
4.1
4.9
5.0
5.1
age-adjusted to the 1070 US standard pop.
rates per 100,000 population.
Source; PA Depat. of Health.
-------
Age-adjusted cancer incidence rates for Chester
City, Delaware and adjacent counties, and
Pennsylvania by sex. 1907-91
Chester City
Delaware Co.
Montgomery. Co.
Cheater Co.
Philadelphia C.
Pennsylvania •
MALES
All Site.
U9.2
433.0
432.2
409.4
51319
439.3
Lunf. traohea, ato
150.7
66.1
72.4
79.1
111.6
04.7
Colon/Reatura
55.5
66.3
65.6
67.6
72.4
69.1
Prostate
122.1
99.9
106.0
97.3
100.0
95.1
Kidney/Bladder
43.)
42.2
45.1
37.4
42.0
44.5
l^mpheniM
M.4
15.2
15.6
12.5
16.1
15.1
Uukamlu
12.7
6.0
10.3
7.5
0.9
10.1
FEMALES
All Silo.
3)3.0
366.6
372.7
370.3
305.7
372:6
Lung. traohea. eto
52.2
41.5
36.7
33.1
40.5
35.3
Coloo/Raotum
41.9
44.4
47.0
51.3
47.0
47.3
Bra Ml
103.1
124.2
. 131.9
125.3
119.1
117.2
Kidney/Bladder
10.6
13.0
12.6
12.4
14.4
H.I
l^npbomM
3.9
5.7
10.3
9.0
9.9
6.5
UulnmlM
4.1
9.3
6.3
5.2
5.3
10.0
age-adjusted to the 1970 US standard pop.
rate9 per 100,000 population.
Source; PA Depl. of Health.
-------
Distribution of selected cancers diagnosed among
residents of Chester City from 1987-1991
MALES
lung--138
prostate —123
leukemias--12
lymphomas--14
bladder ic kidney—42
colon At rectum—49
Cases = 378
72.6% of the total*
~ 521 total cancers among male residents.
Source; PA Dept. of Health
-------
Distribution of selected cancers diagnosed among
residents of Chester City from 1987-1991
FEMALES
breast
Cases = 292
60.1% of the total*
* 486 total cancers among female residents.
Source. PA Dei ... ucuilh
-------
Ratio of Cancer Incidence Rates for Selected
Populations to Pennsylvania, 1987-1991
ALL CANCERS COMBINED
Cheater City
Delaware Co.
Philadelphia Co.
|x\| Montgomery Co.
2 Chester Co.
Males
Females
Source; PA Depat. of Health.
-------
Ratio of Cancer Incidence Rates for Selected
Populations to Pennsylvania, 1907-1991
LUNG, TRACHEA, BRONCHUS
Chester City
Delaware Co.
Philadelphia Co.
Montgomery Co.
/ Cheater Co.
Male9
Females
Source; PA Depat. of Health.
-------
Ratio of Cancer Incidence Rates for Selected
Populations to Pennsylvania, 1987-1991
COLON-RECTUM
Chester City
Delaware Co.
Philadelphia Co.
Montgomery Co.
-y .
/^ Chester Co.
Hales
Females
Source; PA Dept. of Health.
-------
Ratio of Cancer Incidence Rates for Selected
Populations to Pennsylvania, 1987-1991
BREAST
Chester City
Delaware Co.
Philadelphia Co.
|x\| Montgomery Co.
^ Chester Co.
Females
Source; PA Dept. of Health.
-------
Ratio of Cancer Incidence Rates for Selected
Populations to Pennsylvania, 1987-1991
KIDNEY/BLADDER
Chester City
Delaware Co.
Philadelphia Co.
Montgomery Co.
Chester Co.
Males
Females
Source; PA Dept. of Health.
-------
Ratio of Cancer Incidence Rates for Selected
Populations to Pennsylvania, 1987-1991
PROSTATE
Chester City
Delaware Co.
Philadelphia Co.
Montgomery Co.
/ Chester Co.
Male9
Source; PA Dept. of Health.
-------
Ratio of Cancer Incidence Rates for Selected
Populations to Pennsylvania, 1987-1991
NON-HODGKIN'S LYMPHOMAS
Chester City
Delaware Co.
Philadelphia Co.
[^\j Montgomery Co.
0
Chester Co.
Male9
Females
o'ourci . Dept. of Health.
-------
Ratio of Cancer Incidence Rates for Selected
Populations to Pennsylvania, 1987-1991
LEUKEMIAS
Cheater City
Delaware Co.
Philadelphia Co.
1M Montgomery Co.
Chester Co.
Males
Females
Source; PA Dept. of Health.
-------
These ratios were calculated to provide an epidemiologic picture of
the disease burden of the City of Chester compared to other
Pennsylvania cities. The actual number of deaths in these selected
cities' populations vere compared with a calculated number of
deaths for each city. These calculated deaths are the number of
deaths expected from each city's population if that population had
the same mortality rate as some standard population. For this
exercise's purpose, the mortality rates of the whole Commonwealth
were used as the standard. By multiplying each city's population
by the Commonveath's rates for each cause of death, the expected
number for each cause of death was obtained. This expected number
was then divided into the actual number for each cause of death per
city and multiplied by 100%. A number greater than 100% reflects
an excess in actual deaths over expected deaths. A number less
than 100% reflects less actual than expected deaths. And a ratio
equal to 100% reflects no difference between the actual and
expected deaths. For example, the 170% ratio for deaths from
hypertension in the city of Chester means that there were 70% more
deaths from hypertension in Chester than in the Commonwealth as a
whole. These ratios are only estimates that cannot account for the
muiltitude of factors that contribute to a particular population's
mortality rate. Thus, caution should be used in interpreting these
ratios. Specifically, one cannot determine a cause and effect
relationship from any of these ratios. However, they do provide a
valuable way of relatively quickly assessing and comparing disease
burdens. For example, the ratio of 244% for deaths from liver
disease in the city of Chester is red warning flag strongly
indicating further investigation into this cause of death in this
municipality.
-------
Mortality Ratios (1992 Mortality Rates)
Chstr Lncstr Nrrstvn Phila Pbrgh
Blood Pressure 170% 109% 122% 179% 149%
Heart Attack 83% 86% 88% 86% m%
Stroke 149% 96% 113% 105% 116%
Emphysema 129% 145% 124% 91% 136%
Diabetes 84% 161% 100%' 108% 108%
Liver Disease 244% 175% 163% 157% 134%
Pnuemonia-Flu 159% 89% 87% 94% 133%
Kidney Disease 88% 79% 119% 123% 135%
-------
Ratio of Cancer Incidence Rates for Selected
Populations to Pennsylvania, 1987-1991
LEUKEMIAS
Chester City
Delaware Co.
Philadelphia Co.
Montgomery Co.
/j Chester Co.
Male9
Females
Source; PA Dept. of Health.
-------
These ratios were calculated to-provide an epidemiologic picture of
the disease burden of the City of Chester compared to other
Pennsylvania cities. The actual number of deaths in these selected
cities' papulations were compared with a calculated number of
deaths for each city. These calculated deaths are the number of
deaths expected from each city's population if that population had
the same mortality rate as some standard population. For this
exercise's purpose, the mortality rates of the whole Commonwealth
were used as the standard. By multiplying each city's population
by the Commonweath's rates for each cause of death, the expected
number for each cause of death was obtained. .This expected number
was then divided into the actual number for each cause of death per
city and multiplied by 100%. A number greater than 100% reflects
an excess in actual deaths over expected deaths. A number less
than 100% reflects less actual than expected deaths. And a ratio
equal to 100% reflects no difference between the actual and
expected deaths. For. example, the 170% ratio for deaths from
hypertension in the city of Chester means that there were 70% more
deaths from hypertension in Chester than in the Commonwealth as a
whole. These ratios are only estimates that cannot account for the
muiltitude of factors that contribute to a particular population's
mortality rate. Thus, caution should be used in interpreting these
ratios. Specifically, one cannot determine a cause and effect
relationship from any of these ratios. However, they do provide a
valuable way of relatively quickly assessing and comparing disease
burdens. For example, the ratio of 244% for deaths from liver
disease in the city of Chester is red warning flag strongly
indicating further investigation into this cause of death in this
municipality.
-------
Mortality Ratios (1992 Mortality Rates)
Chstr Lncstr Nrrstvn Phila Pbrgh
Blood Pressure 170% 109% 122% 179% 149%
/ '
Heart Attack 83% 86% 88% 86% 111% .
stroke 149% 96% 113% 105% 116%
Emphysema 129% 1,45% 124% 91% 136%
Diabetes 84% 161% 100% 108% 108%
Liver Disease 244% 175% 163% 157% 134%
Pnuemonia-Flu 159% 89% 87% 94% 133%
Kidney Disease 88% 79% 119% 123% 135%
------- |