ECHIMOLOGY
The Bridge Between Research and Use
$3E2
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
SEPTEMBER 1976
INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC WORKS SHOW
Technology Transfer is participating as an
exhibitor at the Internal Public Works Con-
gress and Equipment Show being held Septem-
ber 25-30, 1976 in Las Vegas, Nevada.
The theme of the Technology Transfer
Exhibit being displayed at the International
Public Works Show is the new publication
"Environmental Pollution Control Alternatives:
Municipal Wastewater", which will be avail-
able free of charge at the Technology Transfer
booth.
Host region for this year's meeting is EPA's
Region IX. Mr. Paul DeFalco serves as Regional
Administrator of Region IX, with responsibil-
ity for environmental protection activities in
Arizona, California, Hawaii, Nevada, Guam,
American Samoa, and the Pacific Islands Trust
Territories.
Paul DeFalco. Jr.
Region IX Administrator
WPCF CONFERENCE
For the sixth consecutive year, EPA Tech-
nology Transfer is participating in the Annual
Conference of the Water Pollution Control
Federation. This year's meeting - the 49th
Annual WPCF Conference - is being held in
Minneapolis, Minnesota, October 3-8, 1976.
Technology Transfer will have a booth in the
exhibit area of the WPCF Conference at which
the newly printed "Environmental Pollution
Control Alternatives: Municipal Wastewater"
will be available.
Host region for this year's meeting is EPA's
Region V, which also hosted the 1973 WPCF
Annual Conference. George R. Alexander, the
Regional Administrator, will be on hand at the
opening of the Conference, which annually
attracts thousands of the nation's top pollution
control experts.
ALTERNATIVES FOR MUNICIPAL
WASTEWATER TREATMENT SUBJECT
OF NEW TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER
PUBLICATION
"Environmental Pollution Control Alterna-
tives: Municipal Wastewater" is the title of the
newest semi-technical Technology Transfer
publication. This full-color publication presents,
in one place, all the available alternative tech-

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nologies involved in the treatment of municipal
wastewater. Among the technologies covered
in this document are physical-chemical treat-
ment, nitrogen control and removal techniques,
phosphorus removal techniques, oxygen aera-
tion, carbon adsorption, sludge handling and dis-
posal technology, land treatment, and flow
equalization. For each technology, information
on treatment efficiency, power requirements,
operation and maintenance considerations,
costs, land requirements, and actual installa-
tions is presented.
This publication will be available for the first
time at the Technology Transfer booths at the
International Public Works Congress and Equip-
ment Show, September 25-30, 1976, in Las
Vegas, Nevada and at the 49th Annual Confer-
ence of the Water Pollution Control Federa-
tion, October 3-8, 1976, in Minneapolis, Minne-
sota. Copies can also be obtained by using the
order form at the back of this newsletter.
TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER NATIONAL
CONFERENCE ON NITROGEN CONTROL
Technology Transfer's first national con-
ference was on the subject of nitrogen control
and was held July 27-29, 1976 in Chicago,
Illinois. Unlike previous seminars, which were
offered on a regional basis, this conference
drew attendees from all EPA Regions. Interest
in nitrogen control continues to be high, with
attendance at this conference exceeding 300
consulting engineers, state and federal regulatory
personnel, and municipal engineers.
Each attendee received the Technology
Transfer Process Design Manual for Nitrogen
Control and supplementary handouts covering
additional nitrogen control case histories. The
conference also featured a field trip to a nitro-
gen control facility operated by the Metropoli-
tan Sanitary District of Greater Chicago.
Key presentations were made by: Gordon
Culp, Clean Water Consultants, El Dorado,
California; Donald Ehreth, U.S. EPA, Washing-
ton, D.C.; Dr. Cecil Lue-Hing, Alan Obayashi,
T.B.S. Prakasam, and David Zenz, Metropolitan
Sanitary District of Greater Chicago; Dr. Denny
Parker and Richard Stone, Brown and Caldwell
Consulting Engineers, Walnut Creek, California;
B.W. Ryan, Harris County Water Control and
Improvement District #50, Seabrook, Texas;
Dr. Clair N. Sawyer, Sun City, Arizona; and
Thomas Wilson, Greeley and Hansen, Chicago,
Illinois.
Future seminars on nitrogen control are
planned and detailed information on these can
be obtained from the appropriate Technology
Transfer Regional Chairman listed in the back of
this newsletter.
PETROLEUM FACILITIES AS POTENTIAL
SOURCES OF POLLUTION IN
SOUTHWEST KANSAS
The Environmental Photographic Interpreta-
tion Center (EPIC), an associate laboratory of
EPA's National Environmental Research Center
in Las Vegas and under the guidance of the
Assistant Administrator for Research and Devel-
opment, has recently completed a pilot study to
determine the location of oil production and
storage facilities in four southwestern counties
of Kansas. The study was initiated upon the
request of EPA's Region VII Surveillance and
Analysis Division and was intended to support
the Region's "Spill Prevention" activities under
Section 311 of the Water Pollution Control
Act.
The purpose of this study was to survey late
date overhead imagery for the location of oil
storage tanks, oil spills, and associated spill
prevention characteristics and making this data
more easily recognizable to field inspection
teams. The project area which encompasses
2,706 square miles includes the counties of
Grant, Morton, Stanton and Stevens of the state
of Kansas. Underlying this area is a large pro-
ducing gas field. In addition to the numerous
existing gas wells found throughout the project
area, oil pumping operations are taking place in
order to extract a grade of crude which can pres-
ently compete in today's higher priced oil
market. Many of these operations are considered
to be wildcat operations, which tend to ignore
pollution protection requirements.
The photographic analysis was extracted from
late 1974, high altitude, high resolution, black
and white aerial photography. In conjunction
with the utilization of this high resolution aerial
photographs, 1973, U.S. Department of Agri-
culture, ASCS photography (Example A) was
used to accumulate baseline data.
I n order to provide a beneficial product that
could be used and plus save the field inspection
teams valuable time and money, it was decided
that the format for this study would be the
presentation of a series of annotated overlays
keyed to 1:24,000 topographic maps (Example
B). Where topographic maps of this scale were
nonexistent, county road maps were utilized.
Although these county road maps did not pro-
vide terrain relief, they did furnish drainage
features, roads, railroads, and built-up areas
for necessary locational purposes. Forty-four
annotated overlays of this vast area were com-
piled in approximately six weeks for use.
Resulting from this study the following
observations were made:
1. Through the use of high altitude, high
resolution imagery this program demon-

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EXAMPLE A
EXAMPLE B
The analysis for this study was derived from a high altitude/high resolution
Photographic System. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, ASCS imagery such as the
above was used as a collateral source. Area to the right of dashed line is
shown as actual ground coverage on Example B.
strates the feasibility of detection and
location of actual or potential oil-asso-
ciated pollution sources.
2. Demonstrates a definite aid to field inves-
tigation teams in expediting their field
operations and in so doing reduces man-
hours and costs for such investigations.
Region VII has commented upon this pro-
gram by stating: "This approach for pollution
abatement certainly has promise for large scat-
tered production fields. The savings in travel
time and man-hours could be shortened signifi-
cantly during the SPCC inspection trips."
THIRD NATIONAL
WATEREUSE CONFERENCE
The Third National WateReuse Conference
was held in Cincinnati, Ohio, June 27-30, 1976.
The Conference, jointly sponsored by the
American Institute of Chemical Engineers
(AlChE) and Technology Transfer, had the
theme of "Symbiosis as a Means of Abatement
for Multi-Media Pollution." Ninety topics and
papers were presented at the gathering — each
emphasizing pollution control via cooperation

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The above illustrates a typical crude oil storage facility. This type of tank
"battery" usually serves three to six wells. The tank to the left seperates
the water from the oil. The two tanks in the center are for crude storage.
"Sludge Pits" are sometimes associated with oil field storage facilities.

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Lawrence K. Cecil, AICHE. opens the Third National	Helen Fenske, representing EPA Administrator Russell
Natereuse Conference.	Train, discusses past and future challengea to EPA at
Watereuse Conference.
among industrial, municipal, and/or agricultural
interests.
This conference is part of a continuing series
which centers around the technical and econom-
ical factors of approaching the goal of zero dis-
charge of aqueous wastes by water reuse. Copies
of the conference proceedings are available
through AlChE, 345 East 47th Street, New
York, N.Y. 10017.
TWO INDUSTRIAL SEMINARS SCHEDULED
To industrial seminars, entitled "Upgrading
Metal Fabricating, Assembly, and Coating Oper-
ations to Reduce Pollution," are scheduled for
this winter. The first seminar is to be held in
Philadelphia during November; the second is
planned for Boston in January. Each of the two
day seminars stresses the engineering and eco-
nomic considerations of multi-media pollution
control. Presentations are being prepared by
EPA officials, consultants, and industrial repre-
sentatives. A round table discussion at the end
of the second day will conclude each seminar.
The seminar dates and locations will be selected
after receiving recommendations from the
trade associations.
NEW TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER
PUBLICATION FOR AIR POLLUTION
CONTROL IN THE PULP AND
PAPER INDUSTRY
A comprehensive document covering all
aspects of air pollution control in the pulp and
paper industry has been prepared by EKONO,
Inc. for Technology Transfer and is now avail-
able for distribution.
This publication, directed towards the process
and design engineer, describes types, quantities,
and sources of emissions, presents the latest
control device alternatives, and estimates costs
for implementing the air pollution control
systems. Emphasis is placed on explanation of
chemical and physical processes which generate
emission in specific unit operations so that the
advantages and disadvantages of both internal
and external process control methods can be
understood. Actual field installations have
provided the basis for the majority of design
data.
New Source Performance Standards (NSPS)
are currently being proposed for air emissions in
the pulp and paper industry. This new Tech-
environmental
pollution
control
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nology Transfer publication enables plant
personnel to evaluate the best control tech-
nology for their specific application.
To order your copy of this publication, use
the order form at the back of this newsletter.
SIGNIFICANCE OF
NON-POINT SOURCE
POLLUTION
The importance of non-point source (NPS)
pollution can readily be appreciated by compar-
ing it with point sources of pollution. Examples
of point and non-point sources of potential
pollution follow:
Non-Point Sources
Agriculture
Cropping practices
Livestock production
Manure Disposal
Silviculture
Mine Pollution
Hydrologic Modifications
Construction Pollution
Saltwater Intrusion
Irrigation Return Flows
Land Disposal of Wastes
Subsurface Injection
Urban Runoff
Land Treatment Processes
Effluent Disposal
On-Site Disposal
(Septic Tanks)
Point Sources
Municipal Sewerage Systems
Industrial Wastes
Ninety-seven percent of the nation's area is
rural in nature and essentially all of it is a poten-
tial source of non-point source pollution to
some degree. Sediment is the greatest contribu-
tor to non-point pollution. It is estimated that
some 3 billion tons of sediment per year run off
the land into streams. Of this amount, approxi-
mately 25% originates from agricultural lands.
However, together with the sediment, 3 million
tons of nitrogen, 4.5 million tons of phos-
phorus, and 45 million tons of potassium also
run off.
In comparison, a sewered population of 160
million people with a sewage contricution of
100 gpcd, and nitrate and phosphate concen-
trations in the secondary sewage treatment
plant effluent of approximately 25 ppm and
12 ppm, respectively, contributes approximately
125,000 tons/yr of nitrogen and 25,000 tons/yr
of phosphorus. These are orders of magnitude
less than the contributions from sediment
runoff alone.
It is estimated that approximately 7.5 million
tons of sludge is produced annually from the
treatment of municipal wastes. This will increase
to about 11 million tons by 1985.
The total quantity of sludges generated
nationally from the treatment of industrial
wastewater is estimated to have been approxi-
mately 23 million tons per year in 1971. By
virture of the implementation by industry of
the treatment requirements of PL 92-500, this
value is expected to increase by more than 60
percent to 38 million tons by 1977, and to
approximately 47 million tons by 1983. The
breakdown by industry is illustrated in Table 1.
Table 1
NATIONAL GENERATION OF WASTEWATER
SLUDGE FROM THE MAJOR INDUSTRIAL
SECTORS (in 106 tons)

1971
1977
1983
Inorganic
17.07
26.02
32.00
Iron and Steel
3.47
6.85
8.03
Pulp and Paper
1.08
2.24
3.41
Meat Products
0.42
0.92
1.09
Petroleum Refining
0.69
0.85
1.02
Textiles
0.19
0.52
0.74
Organic
0.21
0.41
0.48
Plastics & Synthetics
0.14
0.24
0.32
Fruits & Vegetables
0.05
0.07
0.11
Electroplating
0.04
0.07
0.07
A further comparison between various sources
of sludges is illustrated in Figure 1.
Another comparition is between BOD dis-
charges to streams from municipal wastes and
animal feedlots. Figure 2 illustrates the contri-
butions of each. Municipal contributions will
decrease dramatically due to the construction
of sewage treatment plants. The confined animal
feeding industry is also implementing pollution
control techniques to minimize rampant runoff
into streams. It is assumed, therefore, that
relative discharges to streams will approximate
those of the municipalities. If only 0.5% to 1%
of the animal waste products are involved in
runoff to streams, the BOD loads are similar
to those from municipalities. Obviously the
significance of this source of pollution will vary
from basin to basin as well as from different
parts of the country. However, this source is
only one of the potential non-point sources as
has been noted. Add the other non-point sources
and it is rapidly realized that non-point sources
will become the major source of pollution.

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FIGURE 1. Estimated Annual production rates for
different types of Solid and Semisolid Wastes (1970-
1974) (Dry Weight in Million Tons per Year)
YEAR
FIGURE 2. Comparison of BOD Discharge to Streams from
Municpalities and Animal Feedlots.
A comparison of urban runoff with munici-
pal wastewaters is shown in Table 3. According
to this table, surface runoff has approximately
the same characteristics as secondary plant dis-
charges. However, this data is based upon aver-
age runoff considerations during a storm. Other
data indicate that almost all of the mass runoff
occurs during the first 10 minutes of a storm. In
this regard mass loadings would be more repre-
sentative of actual stormwater contributions
such as was found for Roanoke, Virginia (Figure
3).
The magnitude and importance of urban
runoff is further emphasized by considering the
impact of pollutants in the air that are deposited
during precipitation events. Rainout is not too
often considered as a source of pollution; how-
ever, Figures 4 and 5 indicate otherwise.
Construction and urbanization develop about
1,000,000 acres per year. Although construc-
tion-related activities are relatively simply con-
trolled and impact, at most, 4% as much land as
crop agriculture, the soil-disturbing activity not
only generates sediment at a much greater rate
than crop agriculture but poses a potential
serious threat to water quality in many areas.
Surface mining has to date disturbed more
than 3,000,000 acres of land and an equal
amount has been dedicated to the storage of
mineral wastes from mining activities. Surface
mining at present continues to affect about
350,000 acres of land annually. In the Northern
Appalachia coal fields alone, mine drainage
results in a discharge of more than 1,100,000
tons of acidity per day to the surface and
ground water in addition to high annual sedi-
ment loads.
What has been the effect of the aforemention-
ed and other non-point source discharges on
water quality? Up to now, only subjective
national estimates have been made by EPA
Regional Offices and states. In 1972, the
Table 3
COMPARISON OF URBAN RUNOFF WITH MUNICIPAL WASTEWATERS
Typa
bod5,
SS,
Total collformt,
Total nltrogan,
Total phoiphorut.

mg/1
mg/1
MPN/100 ml
mg/1 ai N
mg/1 a» P
Untraatad municipal
200
200
5 x 107
40
10
Traatad municipal





Primary effluant
135
80
2 x 107
35
8
Sacondary affluant
25
15
1 x 103
30
5
Combinad tawaga
115
410
5x10®
11
4
Surfaca runoff
30
630
4 x 10®
3
1

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Regional Offices estimated that approximately
35% of the Nation's waterways had water
quality standards violations and that approxi-
mately 40% of these problems were attribu-
table to non-point sources. More recently,
states have estimated that discharges from these
sources have resulted in water quality degrada-
tion and in-stream ecological damage in every
state in the Nation. Approximately 15% of the
Nation's waters are failing to meet water qual-
ity standards due to non-point sources and an-
other 35% are equally degraded by a combina-
tion of discharges from point and non-point
sources.
Examples of the approaches to be followed
in coping with the non-point source problem
include: site practices to reduce unnecessary
erosion which not only creates sediment prob-
lems in the streams, but also diminishes the
productivity of the land; reclamation of strip-
mined areas to allow a reasonable use of the land
in the post-mined phase and at the same time
prevent entry of acids, dissolved minerals,
and sediments into the waters; reasonable use
of agricultural chemicals; and improved land
development practices in connection with new
FIGURE 3. Mass Comparison of Storm Runoff with Mun
Municipal Wastewater for Roanoke, Virginia (Discharge
to Roanoke River).

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FIGURE 5. Predicated pH of precipitation over the Eastern
United States, 1966-1966.
subdivisions and housing projects. EPA's respon-
sibility in the non-point source management
effort will be to provide guidance to the states
for initiating planning and implementation of
non-point source management in order that the
1983 water quality goals of PL 92-500 may be
reached.
The basic elements of the non-point source
planning and management process in the pre-
ceding areas will generally be the following:
1.	In States where little or no evaluation of
non-point source problems has been accom-
plished, an initial assessment of the nature and
extent of non-point sources carried out through
the existing State water quality management
process will be a necessary first step. States
that have already completed this step and have
begun to implement an NPS program will want
to periodically reassess the nature of existing
non-point sources and monitor to determine
the success of control programs. States propose
planning, and ultimately, management pro-
grams through their existing State Water Quality
Management process and Section 106 program
stragety.
2.	Once a problem assessment has been com-
pleted, and NPS categories and subcategories
have been established, priorities should be set
among the NPS categories. It is expected that
priorities will vary considerably from state to
state depending on the nature of the NPS prob-
lems, the progress individual States may have
already achieved in certain areas, and available
resources. A State may choose to deal with one
category at a time or several simultaneously.
In any case, the State sets highest priority on
those categories where most water quality im-
provement can be accomplished immediately
and selects to do those first, adding additional
categories as rapidly as resources permit.
3.	Once priorities have been established, the
State drafts the definition of a significant non-
point source for those NPS categories receiving
consideration and proceeds to develop inven-
tories of all significant sources within those
categories.
4.	The state then defines its own BMP's for
the selected NOS categories and develops
regulatory programs to implement the BMP's.
Where necessary, a state will define its BMP's
and BMP compliance schedules through new
legislation and accompanying regulations.
5.	In the planning and implementation of
NPS management program, whether in desig-
nated or nondesignated areas, existing state,
local, and Federal institutions may be utilized
to monitor streams and to provide technical
assistance in the field. In those cases in which a
State delegates actual planning, implementation,
or enforcement responsibility to other state or
local agencies, the State will be responsible for
the effectiveness and coordination of such
arrangements, as well as the consistency of the
management plans prepared within the state.
Successful implementation of the NPS pro-
gram will require effective integration of the ex-
pertise and resources of other Federal agencies,
including the Soil Conservation Service, U.S.
Forest Service, U.S. Bureau of Land Manage-
ment, Department of Transportation and
Department of Housing and Urban Develop-
ment.
THIRD NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON
INDIVIDUAL ONSITE WASTEWATER
SYSTEMS
Technology Trasnfer is co-sponsoring, with
the National Sanitation Foundation, the Third
National Conference on Individual Onsite
Wastewater Systems. This year's conference
is being held November 16, 17 and 18, 1976 in
Ann Arbor, Michigan. The purpose of this series
of annual conferences is to present a compre-
hensive state-of-the-art review of the efficiency
of individual onsite wastewater systems, and
develop recommendations for related current
and future research activities.

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Additional information on this year's confer-
ence can be obtained from Dr. Nina McClelland,
National Sanitation Foundation, NSF Building,
Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48105 (Telephone 313-
769-8010).
TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER SEMINARS ON
GUIDANCE FOR IDENTIFYING AND
ASSESSING POLLUTION FROM
AGRICULTURE AND SILVICULTURE
SOURCES
The first two in a series of Technology Trans-
fer Seminars to assist statewide and areawide
water quality management agencies in comply-
ing with Section 208 of the Federal Water Pol-
lution Control Act Amendments of 1972
(PL 92-500) were recently held. The first semi-
nar was held in Atlanta, Georgia, June 14-15;
the second in Framingham, Mass., June 21-22,
1976. Approximately 130 public officials, and
individuals from planning agencies, conserva-
tion groups, and agriculture and silviculture
groups attended each seminar.
The intention of these seminars is to present
draft guidance for identifying and assessing the
extent of agriculturally and silvicu Itural ly
related non-point sources of pollution to those
parties most directly involved in the 208
process.
Essential to the development of meaningful
final guidance was the feedback received from
the seminar attendees both as regards the
clearness and usefulness of the draft guidance
and the identification of particular problems
which involved in the 208 process have encoun-
tered, In order to facilitate this interchange of
ideas, each seminar was divided into a discussion
related to the proposed guidance system, con-
sisting of formal presentations, question and
I
SHERATON-TARA
!
Lester Suttion, Technology Transfer Chairman, Region I,
welcoming attendies to Framingham, Mass. "208 Seminar"
Darwin Wright, EPA-Washington, D.C., addressing
audience at Technology Transfer "208 Seminar" in
Framingham, Mass.
answer periods, and workshops. Each attendee
received a kit of information which was des-
cribed in the formal sessions and used in the
workshops. The major portion of each seminar
addressed the particular problems identified by
the attendees relating to non-point source
identification and assessment.
Key presentations were made by: Harold
Bernard, Environmental Quality Systems, Inc.,
Rockville, Md.; David Green and Robert Singer,
U.S. EPA; Gordon Mellencamp, Chattanooga
Area Regional Council of Governments; and
Darwin Wright and Lee Mulkey, U.S. EPA Office
of Research and Development, Washington,
and Athens, Georgia, respectively.
For details about future seminars on this sub-
ject, contact the appropriate Technology Trans-
fer Chairman listed in the back of this news-
letter.
CONFERENCE ON "PLANNING
ALTERNATIVES FOR MUNICIPAL
WATER SYSTEMS'
Technology Transfer, in collaboration with
the Holcomb Research Institute, Butler Univer-
sity, is co-sponsoring this conference, which is to
be held October 10-14, 1976, at the French Lick
Sheraton Hotel in French Lick, Indiana.

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The conference is intended to bring together
professionals with a broad range of backgrounds
and responsibilities to discuss technological and
policy issues in planning of municipal water
systems. Invited speakers of national reputation,
including Francis T. Mayo, Director, Municipal
Environmental Research Laboratory, U.S. EPA,
Dr. Beatrice Willard, Co-Chairperson, Council on
Environmental Quality, and Lawrence K. Cecil,
AlChE, will make presentations on the follow-
ing:
*** Water Planning
*** Water Quality
*** Water Quantity
*** Management Alternatives
Pricing
Publicity
Improved Efficiency
Reuse
*** Public Acceptance of Alternatives
Although technical matters will necessarily be
discussed, the conference is intended to promote
the exchange of ideas among various disciplines,
including law, economics, environmental and
chemical engineering, planning and public
administration.
For further information, write or telephone:
David Holtz
Assistant Director
Holcomb Research Institute
Butler University
Indianapolis, IN 46208
317-283-9421
NEW INDUSTRIAL SEMINAR
PUBLICATION AVAILABLE
The latest industrial seminar publication, pre-
pared by JACA Corp. and entitled '"Choosing
the Optimum Financial Strategies for Pollution
Control Investments," has been printed and is
now available for distribution.
This publication is intended to alert decision
makers to the availability of and qualifications
for some of the financing incentives from
federal, state, and local governments, and to
demonstrate that it is well worth spending time
analyzing the special methods of financing pollu-
tion control expenditures and the available tax
treatments. Obtaining optimum financial and
tax benefits could save a company tens of
thousands of dollars over the life of the equip-
ment.
This publication shows the businessman the
type of financial analysis that should be ac-
corded any type of pollution control expendi-
ture in an effort to substantially reduce funds
expended and to smooth out what could de-
velop into a cash flow trauma. It also contains a
discussion of the tax and financing positions of
three hypothetical firms with different manage-
ment goals but with similar capital expenditures
for pollution control.
A separate financial analysis is presented
specifically for firms which have a choice of
wastewater treated onsite or by a municipality.
For your copy of this publication use the
order form at the back of this newsletter.
NEW TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER SEMINAR
PUBLICATION ON EROSION AND
SEDIMENT CONTROL FROM
SURFACE MINING
A new Technology Transfer publication,
entitled "Erosion and Sediment Control from
Surface Mining in the Eastern United States,"
will be distributed for the first time at the
"NCA/BCR Coal Conference and Expo III"
meeting being held October 19-21, 1976 in
Louisville, Kentucky. An anticipated 3500
persons representing government, academia,
and industry are expected to attend this
meeting.
This new publication presents an evaluation
of the effectiveness of sediment ponds in reduc-
ing suspended solids in the runoff from surface
mining activities. Nine selected sedimentation
ponds in the three eastern coal-mining States
of Pennsylvania, West Virginia, and Kentucky
were sampled under two different operating
Choosing Optimum
Financial Strategies
Pollution Control Systems
EFA Technology Transfer Seminar Publication

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conditions, a baseline and rainfall event. Their
theoretical and actual efficiencies of removal of
suspended solids were computed and compared.
This publication can also be obtained by using
the order form at the back of this newsletter.
WORKSHOP ON "CHLORINE DIOXIDE/OZONE
OXIDATION PRODUCTS OF ORGANIC
MATERIALS"
Technology Transfer, in cooperation with
EPA's Office of Water Supply and the Interna-
tional Ozone Institute, is co-sponsoring a work-
shop on the subject of chlorine dioxide/ozone
oxidation products or organic materials. This
workshop will be held at the Stouffer's Cincin-
nati Towers, Cincinnati, Ohio, November 17-19,
1976.
The workshop will bring together those work-
ing in the field to discuss the current state-of-
the-art and to determine what is known and
what is not known about this subject. The ob-
jectives are to ascertain what work has been
done, what work is being done, by whom and
where, what compounds are being sought and/or
studied, what analytical methods are being
used and what toxicological studies are being
made.
Current interest in the use of chlorine dioxide
as a means of reducing formation of halome-
thanes in water, leads us to include a session on
this oxidant material, which is being used today,
sometimes in conjunction with ozone and acti-
vated carbon.
Presentations will be made by speakers of
national and international reputation, including:
Victor Kimm and Dr. James Symons, U.S.
EPA; Yves Richard and Dr. Harteman, France;
and Dr. E. Gilbert, W. Kuhn, and Dr. H. Sont-
heimer, Karlsbruke, Germany. After the presen-
tations have been made, a round table, open
discussion will be held to define current infor-
mation gaps.
For more information, contact either D.
J.A. Cotruvo, U.S. EPA, Office of Water Supply,
Washington, D.C. (202-755-2884) or Dr. Rip
Rice, International Ozone Institute, Washington,
D.C. (202-296-8375).
EPA FORMS URBAN PLANNING
TASK FORCE
EPA's Office of Research and Development
has recently formed a six-member Urban Plan-
ning Task Force within its Municipal Environ-
mental Research Laboratory in Cincinnati.
The primary responsibility of these technical
specialists is to provide a focal point within
EPA's Office of Air, Land and Water Use to
coordinate activities and provide assistance and
technological support to the agency's 208
program.
Directed by Mr. John M. Smith, this task
force acts as liaison between EPA's OALWU
research program and the operating programs
responsible for implementing Section 208 of
PL 92-500. The immediate efforts of the task
force are devoted to summarizing and accel-
erating the delivery of pertinent research results
to the designated 208 agencies and related user
communities.
The task force has recently conducted a two-
month intensive survey of 208 planning needs
which included site visits or telephone interviews
with 25 designated 208 agencies, discussions
and meetings with EPA Regional 208 coordina-
tors, 208 contractors, and other Agency person-
nel. An interim needs survey report summarizing
the findings of the survey has been completed.
As a result of this survey, along with a com-
plete review of the OALWU related research
programs, the task force has undertaken the
preparation of an "Areawide Assessment Pro-
cedures Manual" (AAPM) which will provide the
most critically needed technological guidance
for areawide planners in a readily usable form.
The AAPM will contain seven chapters including
data base inventory and problem identification,
procedures for urban and non-urban pollutant
source and load assessment, analysis of stream
impacts, and evaluation and selection of control
alternatives. In addition to this information, the
AAPM will also contain eight separate appen-
dices including a model applicability summary,
land use data collection and analysis, monitoring
requirements, best management practices, and a
major appendix summarizing structural cost
information and methods of analysis. The
AAPM will be published in three separate vol-
umes, each being in a ring binder. Portions of
the first two volumes will have been published
by August 13 and the third volume will be
published by December 15, 1976.

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Where to Get Further Information
In order to get details on Items appearing In this publication, or any other aspects
of the Technology Transfer Program, contact your EPA Regional Technology
Transfer Committee Chairman from the list below:
REGION CHAIRMAN
I Lester Sutton
III
IV
Robert Olson
Albert Montague
Asa B. Foster, Jr.
Clifford Risley
ADDRESS
Environmental Protection Agency
John F. Kennedy Federal Buildfng
Room 2304
Boston, Massachusetts 02203
617 223-2226
(Maine, N.H., Vt., Mass., R.I., Conn.)
Environmental Protection Agency
26 Federal Plaza
New York, New York 10017
212 264-1867
(N.Y., N.J., P.R., V.I.)
Environmental Protection Agency
6th & Walnut Streets
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19106
215 597 9856
(Pa., W. Va'., Md„ Del., D.C., Va.)
Environmental Protection Agency
Suite 300
1421 Peachtree Street, N.E.
Atlanta, Georgia 30309
404 526-3454
(N.C., S.C., Ky., Tenn., Ga., Ala.,
Miss., Fla.)
Environmental Protection Agency
230 S. Dearborn St.
Chicago, Illinols 60604
312 353-8880
(Mich., Wis., Minn., III., lnd.,Ohjo)
REGION CHAIRMAN
VI
Mildred Smith
John Coakley
VIII Elmer Chenault
William Bishop
John Osborn
ADDRESS
Environmental Protection Agency
1600 Patterson Street, Suite 1100
Dallas, Texas 75201
214 749-1885
(Texas, Okla., Ark., La., N. Mex.)
Environmental Protection Agency
1735 Baltimore Avenue
Kansas City, Missouri 64108
816 374-5971
(Kansas, Nebr,, Iowa, Mo.)
Environmental Protection Agency
1860 Lincoln Street
Denver, Colorado 80203
303 837-4343
(Colo., Mont., Wyo., Utah, N.D.)
S.D.)
Environmental Protection Agency
100 California Street
San Francisco, Calif. 94111
415 556-6925
(Calif., Ariz., Nev., Hawaii)
Environmental Protection Agency
1200 6th Avenue
Seattle, Washington 98101
206 442-1296
(Wash., Ore,, Idaho, Alaska)
For the following audio-visual material, please contact your Regional Transfer Chairman. (See above)
MOTION PICTURES (16mm sound)
VIDEOTAPES
Richardson, Texas Project—Title: "Somebody around here
must be doing something good," (15 min.)
Phosphorus Removal (5 min.)
Water Quality Management, Alameda Creek, Calif .—Title:
"The Water Plan." (28'/2 min.)
The Seattle METRO Story. (28 min.)
"Breakthrough at Clear Lake" (28 min.)
Carbon Adsorption. (40 min,)
Upgrading Activated Sludge Treatment Plants.
(40 min.)

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REQUEST FOR TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER MATERIAL
The publications listed on this form are the only ones available through the Office of Technology Transfer.
Please send me the following publications at no charge. (Check appropriate boxes)
PROCESS DESIGN MANUALS
MUNICIPAL SEMINAR PUBLICATIONS
Phosphorus Removal (April 1976)	1001	[j
Carbon Adsorption (Oct. 1973)		 .1002	~
Suspended Solids Removal (Jan. 1975) ....... .1003	~
Upgrading Existing Wastewater Treatment
Plants (Oct. 1974) 		1004	EH
Sulfide Control in Sanitary Sewerage Systems
(Oct. 1974)	1005	~
Sludge Treatment and Disposal {Oct. 1974)	1006	~
Nitrogen Control (Oct. 1975)	1007	~
TECHNICAL CAPSULE REPORTS
Recycling-Zinc in Viscose Rayon Plants	2001 Q
Color Removal from Kraft Pulping
Effluent by Lime Addition . . 			 .2002 ~
Pollution Abatement in a Copper Wire Mill	2003 Q
First Interim Report on EPA Alkail S02
Scrubbing Test Facility	2004 ~
Dry Caustic Peeling of Peaches	2005 ED
Pollution Abatement in a Brewing Facility ..... .2006 ED
S02 Scrubbing and Sulfuric Acid
Production Via Magnesia Scrubbing	,2007 ED
Second I nterim Report on EPA
Alkali Scrubbing Test Facility. 		2008 |T]
Magnesium Carbonate Process for
Water Treatment 			 , . . . . , , . .2009 0
INDUSTRIAL SEMINAR PUBLICATIONS
Upgrading Poulty Processing Facilities
to Reduce Pollution (3 Vols.)	3001 CD
Upgrading Metaf Finishing Facilities
to Reduce Polfution (2 Vols.)	3002 ~
Upgrading Meat Packing Facilities
to Reduce Pollution (3 Vols.)	3003 ~
Upgrading Textile Operations
to Reduce Pollution (2 VoJs.)	3004 ~
Choosing the Optimum F inancial
Strategies for Pollution Control Investments . . .3005 ~
Erosion and Sediment Control from
Surface Mining		 , .3006 ~
Upgrading Lagoons	4001	ED
Physical-Chemical Treatment	40.02	~
Nitrification/Denitrification	4004	ED
Upgrading Existing Wastewater Treatment
Facilities—Case Histories . 		4005	CD
Flow Equalization		 ,4006	CD
Wastewater F iltration	,4007	CD
Physical-Chemical Nitrogen Removal	4008	D
Air Pollution Aspects of Sludge
Incineration	4009	CD
Land Treatment of Municipal Wastewater
Effluents (3 Vols.)			4010	CD
BROCHURES
Seattle, Washington METRO	5007	~
Wastewater Purification at Lake Tahoe.	5008	CD
Indian Creek Reservoir	5009	Q
Richardson, Texas	5010	CD
Logging Roads and Water Quality	5011	CD
Municipal Wasterwater Alternatives. . . . 		5012	EH
HANDBOOKS
Analytical Quality Control in Water
and Wastewater Laboratories (1972) ....... .6001	[H
Monitoring I ndustrial Wastewater (1973)	6002	ED
Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water
and Wastes (Rev. 1976) 			 .6003	CD
INDUSTRIAL ENVIRONMENTAL
POLLUTION CONTROL
Pulp and Paper Industry — Part l/Air	.7001	CD
If you are not currently on the mailing list for the Technology Transfer Newsletter, do you want to be added? Yes D No D
*Name	
Employer									
Street	
City 	 State 	 Zip 	
*lt is not necessary to fill in this block if your name and address on reverse are correct.
Note: Forward to Technology Transfer, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45263.
^ U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1976-675-^53/5^91 Region No. 5-M

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