SCIENCE
to the Power of
Regional Laboratory System
Annual Report
Fiscal Tear 2000
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TABLE OF CONTENTS I Regional Laboratory System Annual Report - FY2000
4 Executive Summary I
4 Mission Statement 2
4 Introduction 3
4 Analytical Support 4
~ Field Analytical Support 6
4 Criminal Program Support 7
4 Centers of Applied Science 8
4 Special Studies 9
4 Technical Support 12
4 Quality Systems 14
4 Partnerships 16
4 Training 18
4 Outreach 19
4 Environmental Management 20
4 Health and Safety 21
4 Facilities Management 22
4 Future Challenges 24
4 Appendix: Centers of Applied Science Annual Report 26
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY r
Regional Laboratory Syitcm Annual Report • FY2000
At its inception, the Agency recognized the critical need for analytical information to support regional
and Agency decisions, and established laboratories in each of the ten regions. Since then, the regional
laboratories have evolved into an interdependent network - the Regional Laboratory System. Each
regional laboratory provides analytical and technical support to virtually all media programs, the
Criminal Investigation Division and many Headquarters programs. Spanning a wide range of activities
from pH analyses to interpreting and defending complex analytical and technical data during criminal
prosecutions, the regional laboratories support the Comprehensive Environmental Response,
Compensation and Liability Act (Superfund), the Clean Water Act, the Safe Drinking Water Act, the
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, the Toxic Substances Control Act, and the Clean Air Act, to
name the most prominent. Core analytical functions common to all regional laboratories are
supplemented in each region by specialized expertise required to support specific regional issues and
initiatives, expertise that often represents the best knowledge of the discipline in the Agency.
The regional laboratories performed approximately 95,000 analyses during FY2000. The analytical
capacity of the laboratories is enhanced by the presence of ESAT, a dedicated Superfund contractor.
Accordingly, the Superfund program was the largest user of analytical services accounting for slightly
more than 53% of the total analytical throughput.
In addition to traditional laboratory analytical support to these programs, the regional laboratories also
provided valuable training, technical and analytical assistance to state, tribal and other public
laboratories and programs. In a continuing effort to find better and more efficient ways to provide the
environmental data foundation on which Agency decisions are based, regional labs developed new
analytical methods and provided assistance to Headquarters programs as they also attempt to improve
the state-of-the-art in laboratory science. Increasing the capability and capacity of state, local and
tribal laboratories is a continuing emphasis for all regional laboratories.
Quality assurance was a particularly prominent feature of FY2000. Each regional laboratory received
at least two major audits evaluating their quality management program and quality assurance practices.
Some laboratories also received drinking water certification audits from EPA ¦ Cincinnati. While all
audits yielded findings that will help improve operations, all laboratories were generally characterized as
well staffed, well equipped and well managed.
Each regional laboratory is a complex facility requiring investment in and attention to an abundance of
other considerations such as health and safety, pollution prevention, environmental compliance, data
management, energy conservation, and facility modifications and replacement to name a few. For this
investment, the region and the entire Agency has a powerful tool with which to provide assistance to
states and tribes and a particular proficiency for applying laboratory science to the issues confronting
their region. Most importantly, the regional laboratory system provides an invaluable capability for
dialogue with the environment that enables regional programs to determine the need for action and
evaluate the effectiveness of actions taken. It is a vital niche uniquely the province of the regional
laboratory.
The Annual Report is detailed. If time is limited, a general understanding of the activities that represent
the work of the regional laboratories can be derived from reading the introductory paragraph in each
section.
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The focus of the regional laboratories is on the application of science policies and methods in support of
regulatory and monitoring programs and special projects. This is done through direct implementation,
partnerships with state, local and tribal governments, private industry, the academic community, EPA
program offices, ORD and the public. The regional laboratories are crucial to advancing the Agency's
science agenda and have embraced the following to achieve this goal:
To integrate laboratory activities with those of field and quality assurance partners into a
comprehensive, holistic, multi-media approach to solving ecosystem-based environmental problems.
To provide scientific data of known quality to support Agency decisions through partnerships with
regional and national media program offices, state, local and tribal governments, academia, the
private sector and the public.
To maintain a fully equipped laboratory to produce physical, chemical and biological data of known
quality to be used for environmental decision-making at all levels of government.
To maintain and enhance a technically and scientifically skilled, dedicated an diverse staff through
the excellence of our recruitment, career development, training, management and leadership.
To advance the Agency's science agenda at the point where decisions are made.
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I \' < f\( ll)( ;( "1 IC )K I
Reruns.! ratory System Annual Report - ! \ 2(K)(>
The 1 ionai laboratories were created at the inception of the Environmental Protection Agency in
1970. Originally a part of the Surveillance and Analysis (SSA) Divisions in the ten regional offices, the
S mom provided the regions with the technical support necessary to carry out environmental
control programs mandated by federal legislation. Specifically, the SSA Divisions were responsible for
the collection, analysis and evaluation of environmental data; surveillance and enforcement activities;
pollution source inventories; ambient monitoring activities; and analytical laboratory support. The
regional laboratories, established to furnish analytical support, also provided advice and assistance to
state and local agencies concerning analytical techniques, methodology and quality control
In 1981» as a result of Agency wide restructuring, the S§A divisions were renamed the Environmental
Services Divisions (ESDs). The ESDs continued to provide laboratory, field investigation and
monitoring, quality assurance, data analysis, emergency response and pesticide sampling support. The
regional administrators also had the option of placing responsibility for environmental assessments and
State/EPA agreements with the ESDs.
During the 1990's, as part of the National Performance Review, all government departments and
agencies examined how they did business, what changes were needed to reflect the needs of the next
generation, and how to make government more efficient arid responsive. EPA reviewed the
organizational structures of many of its program and regional offices. Changes at the national level
included the creation of a new Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assistance, and the realignment
and functional reorganization of the Office of Research and Development (ORD).
All ten regions also were reorganized to reflect the new streamlined, risk- and ecosystem-based
approaches to environmental protection. The effects of reorganization on regional laboratories varied.
Sortie regions created new Science or Ecosystem Protection Divisions that perform the core functions of
the traditional ESDs - field sampling and investigations, analytical support, and quality assurance of
data - as well as other functions. Other regions placed these functions under their Management
Divisions or Enforcement Divisions. Regardless of organizational structure, each of the ten regions
endorsed the need for a strong regional laboratory capability.
The regional laboratories continue to offer a full range of routine and special chemical and biological
testing in support of regional and national programs including air, water, pesticides, toxics, hazardous
waste, ambient monitoring, compliance monitoring, criminal and civil enforcement and special projects.
Other core functions include expert witness testimony; training to program staff and other
organizations; audits of other laboratories; policy guidance and technical support to federal, state and
local laboratories; and benchmarks for environmental laboratories in areas such as analysis, pollution
prevention and environmental compliance. In addition, all regional laboratories conduct applied
research for regional initiatives, support national program laboratory initiatives, ensure the quality of
laboratory data generated in support of Agency programs, and provide technical support and transfer
to internal and external organizations.
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\ 1% < \ 1 1 I 1 C . \ I I I I ^ ) 1\ I
The regional laboratories exist primarily to supply quality analytical data to regional programs in
support of a broad range of regional initiatives from routine monitoring to criminal enforcement.
When reviewing the graphs that follow, these points should be considered:
* -iperfurici appears to dominate the work of the laboratories. Complementing EPA staff at the
regional laboratories are Environmental Services Assistant Team contractors devoted almost exclusively
to the analysis of Superfund samples.
* hunting analyses does not accurately capture the level of effort necessary to provide the wide
range of analytical capability represented by the regional laboratories. Some analyses, such as a
conductivity measurement, may take only a few minutes. Others, such as herbicides in an oily matrix,
may take urs to complete.
The chart below shows the percentage of analyses by media program. The chart on the following page
shows the number of analyses performed by regional laboratories by program, Neither chart includes
analyses performed for quality assurance purposes, generally about 30% of the analytical effort.
ICR A.
4.8%
Air A
2.5% V<
Pesticides
0.0%
_ TSCA
ilili
Water...
30,3%
Superfund
52.5%
Great Lakes] LUST
6.3% i.g%
Total: 94680
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ANALYSES BY PROGRAM - FISCAL YEAR 2000
Regional Laboratories
Pesticides -
LUST-y 1720
RCRA
Water
Superfund
Great Lakes
Air-H 2401
TSCA-W1027
o
10
20 30 40
Thousands of Analyses
50
60
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FIELD ANALYTICAL SUPPORT g Regional laboratory System Annual Report - F\2000
The benefits of moving laboratory analysis to the field are clear. Quicker turnaround time for sample
processing, real-time interaction between the analyst and the field staff for problem resolution and data
interpretation and faster environmental decisions at the site. This service has particular relevance to
Superfund cleanups and removals. Field analytical methodologies have expanded over the years from
simple field tests to an impressive array of capabilities including GC/MS for VOAs; GC parameters
including PAHs, PCP, TPH-D, BTEX; chlorinated volatiles; freons; dinoseb; PCBs; chlorinated pesticides;
EDB and DBCP; hexavalent chrome; metals by AA and XRF; asbestos by optical microscopy; various
immunoassay test kits for specific compounds or classes of compounds; and general probe type
parameters such as pH, DO and turbidity. Sampling capability includes soil, sediment and water for
surface samples and sub surface samples by direct push rod techniques.
~ This last year, to resolve vulnerabilities in the non-Superfund CAFO enforcement program, staff at a
regional laboratory transformed a very old and unsuitable field laboratory originally designed to
process fish samples to the rigorous specifications of a mobile microbiology laboratory. The mobile
laboratory traveled to six geographic locations throughout the Northwest supporting numerous
CAFO inspections. The mobile microbiology laboratory was also used in support of the BEACH
program. Tests performed in the mobile lab included total and fecal coliform, £ coliand
enterococcihy several different techniques. Because of the success of these efforts, a new mobile
laboratory is being purchased.
~ One regional Field Analytical Service Team (FAST) provided support for 31 individual surveys in
2000 offering rapid screening and survey analysis for VOAs, PCBs, bulk asbestos and metals. FAST
support has been an extremely effective tool in supporting ongoing Superfund investigations aiding
in the rapid identification and delineation of contamination. The soil gas survey around homes in
the vicinity of the former Raymark manufacturing facility in Stratford, Connecticut is an excellent
example of the utility of this service. The FAST team was able to identify specific VOAs in soil gas
known to be associated with the nearby Superfund site triggering a more in depth investigation of
soil gas and indoor air in nearby homes.
~ One field investigations team developed a passive vapor monitoring capability. This capability in
concert with field analysis offers the ability to rapidly locate subsurface geological features
associated with enhanced migration of contaminated plumes. This capability was employed at
Brunswick Naval Air Station in Brunswick, ME to locate points where 1,1,1 -Trichloroethane from a
former fuel depot was thought to be entering tidal creeks, wetlands, and salt marshes.
~ A mobile microbiology laboratory was retrofitted to support metals toxicity studies in birds and
mamilla. The laboratory was further upgraded to provide on-site flow-through aquatic toxicity
studies to support FY 2001 Superfund program needs.
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CRIMINAL PROGRAM SUPPORT | K.« u,i
The mission of the EPA Criminal Investigation Division is to investigate the most significant and
egregious violations of environmental laws under the purview of EPA. Each region supports the
Criminal Enforcement Program by providing, among other things, analytical support to program
activities. The laboratories analyze samples from sources such as un-permitted discharges, illegally
stored hazardous waste, and illegal dumping. These data are then used by the Criminal Investigation
Division and Assistant U.S. Attorneys (AUSA) for prosecution. Regional laboratory staff may provide
expert testimony in these cases or provide technical training to criminal investigators and AUSAs
related to the intricacies of the analytical methods used. Regional laboratories frequently interact with
the National Enforcement Investigations Center for guidance on analytical methodologies to better
support the criminal enforcement program.
~ One regional laboratory provided analytical support and expert witness testimony regarding
the public health risks associated with illegal discharge of concentrated animal feeding operation
wastes into waters of the United States.
~ An investigation was conducted in the Everglades National Park to determine the environmental
damage to park wetlands resulting from the illegal dumping of domestic garbage into wetlands
areas of the park.
~ An alleged conspiracy by individuals in Louisville, KY to steal Freon from two facilities was
investigated by criminal investigators. Cylinders were seized and tested positive for Freon resulting
in the arrest of several individuals. Cases are pending.
~ Several cases involving the illegal disposal of paint wastes and solvents were investigated and
supported by regional laboratories. Cases are pending.
~ The regional laboratory assisted in the investigation of illegal disposal of contaminated walnut shells
used for sand blasting. Laboratory analysis in this difficult matrix provided the factual supportable
evidence for the case. More importantly, CID had access to a knowledgeable and local chemist to
support the data and discuss analytical methodology.
~ EPA lacks methods to comprehensively characterize waste under RCRA. For example, methods do
not exist for ignitability through I) friction, 2) absorption of moisture or 3) spontaneous chemical
changes. Nor do methods exist to classify a material for reactivity based on I) violent chemical
changes without detonating, 2) violent reaction with water, 3) generation of toxic gases,
4) explosion when subjected to a strong initiating force, 5) explosion if heated under confinement or
6) capacity to detonate under ambient conditions. The Laboratory has developed some
methodologies and has modified other tests to improve the suite of methods addressing the RCRA
characteristics of reactivity and ignitability. The goal is to publish methods that capture likely
reactivity and ignitability scenarios.
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CENTERS OF APPLIED SCIENCE JT Regional Laboratory System Annual Report - FY2000
In addition to common core laboratory functions, the regional laboratories have developed specific
expertise in response to regional program needs. In many cases, this expertise represents the best
knowledge of the discipline in the Agency, and perhaps the country. Each Center of Applied Science
(CAS) project must have an annual work plan describing applied research and development activities,
communications, documentation and training activities. Further, the sponsoring laboratory must
contribute to the CAS annual report.
CAS projects currently underway include:
Environmental Chemistry
"w" Scanning Electron Microscopy
~
Hydride Generation
Dioxin
~
PCB Congeners (2 projects)
"ft Explosives
~
Arsenic Speciation
~ Endocrine Disruptors
~
Fish Tissue Extraction/Cleanup
~ Primary Lead Intervention
~
Passive Vapor Monitoring
"ft Xray Diffractometry
Environmental Microbiology
~ Polymerase Chain Reaction t? Giardia and Cryptosporidium
Analytical Pollution Prevention
"ft Abbreviated Microwave Extraction iX Microextractions with Large Volume
iX Solventless Extractions Injections
Ambient Air Monitoring
iX Polar Hydrocarbon Compounds (2 projects)
Environmental Biology
"ft Benthic Invertebrate Taxonomy
The Regional Laboratory 2000 CAS Annual Report is included as an Appendix to this report.
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SPECIAL STUDIES I
Regional L«il>oratnrv ^vstein Annua 1 Rcporl ¦ R\>00()
Each regional laboratory has initiated, or has been asked to develop specialized expertise in response to
specific regional needs that will improve a laboratory or management capability. These "special
studies" may be as rigorous as development of a new analytical method or as routine as adaptation of
an existing method for use on a different matrix. They may involve extensive review of technical
documents or expedited review of analytical data from a high profile site.
Examples of special studies conducted during FY 2000 include:
~ In support of a proposed Superfund field investigation the regional laboratory ran a correlation
study to evaluate the suitability of Enzyme Immunoassay Test Kits manufactured by CAPE
Technology for generating rapid screening data for future investigations at suspected Dioxin/Furan
contaminated sites.
~ A new sediment grain size method was developed for application in sediment characterization. The
method utilizes settling and decanting techniques to determine the percent sand, silt, and clay in a
sediment sample. This new method is more efficient and is as accurate as existing benchmark
procedures for grain size determinations.
~ Regional laboratories have been working in conjunction with ORD in development of a modified
sediment toxicity test using amphipods. The proposed modification involved reducing the volume of
test material and shortening the exposure time of test organisms.
~ A procedure was developed to effectively remove ammonia interference in sediment toxicity tests.
The behavior of ammonia in sediments during laboratory testing was characterized and a procedure
to manage ammonia was proposed and published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal.
~ Automation of oil and grease analysis by utilizing an automated solid phase extractor system
increased productivity and prevented the release of damaging chlorofluorocarbon emissions from
Freon, required in the method it replaced.
~ A Performance Based Measurement System (PBMS) pilot study compared two similar Chemical
Oxygen Demand methods. If techniques for statistically evaluating and comparing DQOs and
MQOs are successful, PBMS will be an excellent framework for evaluating faster, safer, more
effective or less expensive methods for comparable data.
~ A regional laboratory is working on a NASA-funded project combining satellite remote sensing,
habitat mapping and an inventory of biodiversity off Andros Island, Bahamas. The objective is to
determine how well shallow water habitat classifications, identified and mapped using remote
sensing, reflect real differences in resident biological diversity.
~ Nonylphenol and alkylphenol ethoxylates are ubiquitous in municipal and industrial effluents,
sediments, surface and ground waters. Three regional laboratories are working with ORD to
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develop gas and liquid chromatography methods for detecting these toxic and endocrine disrupting
compounds.
~ Concerned about air pollution from a large petrochemical complex at Lake Caclasieu, LA, a citizens
group requested EPA assistance. The regional laboratory provided air monitoring equipment and
analytical support to help the group evaluate air quality impacts.
~ The United States • Mexico Border Neural Tube Defect (NTD) Study is investigating the interaction
of chemical and biological risk factors in the etiology of NTD births near the Texas ¦ Mexico border.
The regional laboratory is assisting the University of Texas School of Public Health in this study by
performing metals analysis on hair samples from the mothers of affected children
~ A regional laboratory received a Federal Executive Board award for work in the development of a
method to test for Quinclorac in air samples
~ In collaboration with the Water Division and the US/Mexico Border Team, the regional laboratory
carried out the second phase of a comprehensive study of the Advanced Integrated Wastewater
Pond System. The study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of this treatment technology
for use in new treatment systems being planned for the Border area.
~ A regional laboratory is collaborating with USGS and Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary
(MBNMS) to conduct a benthic infaunal community analysis of intermediate depths within the
5,322 square mile Sanctuary. The objective of this study is to characterize benthic communities
throughout the MBNMS and to match biological differences with underlying physical and chemical
stressors.
~ In conjunction with RTP and Cincinnati, a regional laboratory is involved in a year long study to
compare water quality before and after the installation of additional treatment of Seattle drinking
water. Among other analytes, the laboratory is evaluating the use of heterotrophic plate count,
Cryptosporidium and Giardia as indicators of the effect of the change in water treatment.
~ Six recreational waters in Washington State were evaluated for microbial contamination as part of
the national BEACH Program. This study was done in conjunction with the Washington State
Department of Health.
~ Based on a fish tissue project completed last year, a laboratory representative presented a paper on
the analysis of metals in fish tissue at EPA's Annual Conference on Pollutants in the Environment.
The work was also published in the July/August issue of "Atomic Spectroscopy."
~ Method development and field trials of using flow-through biosensor technology for the detection of
TNT and RDX continues. This technology shows great promise for continuously monitoring ground
water at contaminated defense sites. Improvements in both methodology and instrumentation have
made this technique more reliable. The lack of a ready source of antibodies is becoming a concern.
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~ Working with Anthony Veltri of Oregon State University, a laboratory has been participating in a
pilot program to assess and measure life-cycle costs of chemicals used in the many analytical
processes at the laboratory. The objective of the project is to provide managers with accessible,
timely, objective, measurable and reliable information with which to make cost effective chemical
management decisions.
~ Carbaryl is sprayed by air on portions of the Willapa Bay tideflats to control invertebrates which
interfere with oyster production. The traditional method for detecting carbaryl allowing detection
at the low parts per trillion level in sea water has been modified to provide better assessments of risk
to neighboring human populations from overspray and other exposure pathways.
~ The Office Director for the Air Program requested that laboratory management conducted
extensive review of the delivery of technical support to the Air Program. Twenty five individuals in
the Regional Air Program, Office of Environmental Assessment and Headquarters were interviewed
for the project. Conclusions based on the interviews resulted in recommendations that will improve
technical aspects of the program.
~ An evaluation of the comparability of various e. a?//methods used to test recreational waters for
microbial contamination was conducted to assist state and local government agencies in method
selection.
~ The 1996 SARA Title III Section 3 I 3 reports for facilities located in Hamilton County, Tennessee
indicated that more than three million pounds of chemicals are released into the air by stack or
fugitive emissions each year. In response to local citizen concerns, a year long air toxics study
evaluating human exposure risks from metals, acidic aerosols for HCL and HF, and volatile organic
chemicals was conducted.
~ In the environment, toxaphene weathers or degrades to its constituent compounds or congeners
some of which may have environmental or health significance. A method for detecting toxaphene
congeners was developed and used in a Florida community where toxaphene was a concern. It was
also used to evaluate a mysterious mortality in another area of the state. This capability will assist a
national effort to develop risk levels for these congeners.
~ Phase II of a comprehensive multi-year study of the Florida Everglades was completed. Phase II is
part of a larger restoration project comparing the risks due to mercury contamination with risks due
to hydroperiod modification, habitat alteration, nutrient enrichment and exotic species
introduction. The study required ultra-low level analysis of mercury in water, fish and other media
as well as low level nutrients and sulfates analysis.
~ The hexavalent chromium method was modified to eliminate an unnecessary and time-consuming
step, improving laboratory efficiency and timely reporting of data. This modification will benefit all
environmental laboratories tasked with analyzing for this toxic form of chromium.
~ One regional laboratory completed programming and field testing of field/laboratory bar coding
system to streamline sample tracking.
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TECHNICAL SUPPORT |
Regional Laboratory System Annual Report - 2000
Integral to their functions, regional laboratories provide an essential service in the area of technical
support. In this context, technical support encompasses the spectrum of diverse areas relating to the
operations of the laboratory. These include, but are not limited to, quality systems; analytical
methodology; data quality and/or interpretation; analytical instrumentation; proficiency testing;
audits; analytical data records management; health and safety; environmental compliance; pollution
prevention; and facility design and management. Support is provided to a multitude of EPA customers
from regional and national programs to other EPA laboratories and entities; customers from other
Federal agencies, state and tribal agencies and laboratories; the regulated community; industry; service
and non-profit organizations; academia; and the general public. Some of the noteworthy examples of
technical support performed by the various regional laboratories over the last fiscal year are as follows:
~ Provided expert witness testimony in support of enforcement proceedings. In one instance, a
municipality contended that analytical data indicating violations of the Clean Water Act were
inaccurate due to laboratory errors. With the assistance of expert testimony relating to the
analytical results, the violations were upheld and the municipality was found liable.
~ Provided support to EPA's Office of the Inspector General and Criminal Investigations Division on
matters relating to laboratory fraud. Specifically, mechanisms in which laboratories could
manipulate data to produce fraudulent results were described in detail as a means of preparing
investigators in detecting fraudulent practices.
~ Participated in public meetings in support of regional programs and on national technical
workgroups, such as the Superfund Field and Analytical Services Teaming Advisory Committee
(FASTAC), Contract Laboratory Program (CLP), Regional Project Officers (RPOs)/Regional Sample
Control Coordinators (RSCCs), Office of Solid Waste Organic Methods Work Group, and Standing
Committees for the National Environmental Laboratories Accreditation Committee (NELAC).
~ Provided assistance to EPA's Office of International Activities on laboratory design and equipment
for the Government of Thailand's Pollution Control Department. Consultation was also provided to
scientists in Honduras and Nicaragua on metals analysis.
~ Provided support to EPA Headquarters in developing future challenge scenarios facing the Agency
(i.e., potential chemicals in the environment) as part of a strategic planning effort.
~ Provided technical consultation to regional programs in planning and implementing projects
involving the collection and analysis of environmental samples.
~ Provided lor the overview, tracking and validation of data packages generated through the
Contract Laboratory Program (CLP). Also, performed audits of CLP laboratories to ensure
laboratories were in compliance with contract requirements.
~ Performed method and data reviews of data generated for regional programs by external sources to
evaluate the reliability of the data.
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~ Provided review and evaluation of data (both chemical and biological) submitted by private
companies interested in acquiring dredging permits through the Army Corps of Engineers as part of
the New York/New Jersey Harbor Dredging Program. The data must conform to very specific
QA/QC guidelines to ensure dredged material is accurately classified.
~ Mediated disputes between state and private laboratories on analytical results.
~ Coordinated and processed Alternate Test Procedure (ATP) applications and disseminated
information relating to this process authorized by Clean Water Act and Safe Drinking Water Act
regulations.
~ Conducted performance audit inspections of laboratories performing analyses for National Pollutant
Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permits as a means of enhancing the reliability of permittee
reported data.
~ Participated in or performed on-site evaluations of state primacy laboratories for certification under
the Safe Drinking Water Act for the analysis of chemical, radiochemical and microbiological
parameters for public water supplies.
~ Provided technical experts for conducting Technical Systems Audits of all of the EPA regional
laboratories as part of the audit program established by the Regional Science and Technology
Directors.
~ Participated in methods development, review and validation for EPA National Program Offices.
it Conducted peer reviews of the following analytical methods:
Method 528, Detection of Phenols in Drinking Water
Method 1605, Detection of Aeromonashydrophila \x\ Drinking Water
Method 6300, Compound Identification by X-Ray Diffraction Analysis
it Participated in validation studies for EPA Method 1638, Determination of Trace Elements in
Ambient Waters by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry, for the Office of
Water.
it Assisted in the revision of EPA Method 8000 and other methods and documentation for
inclusion in SW 846.
~ Provided technical assistance to state, tribal and local governments, private entities, and the public
relating to analytical methodology and their use. Also, responded to numerous inquiries originating
via telephone, Internet, e-mail and FOIA requests, and distributed a multitude of information
relating to analytical methods to a wide spectrum of customers.
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QUALITY SYSTEMS I
Regional Laboratory System Annual Report - I^Y2000
Producing data of known and documented quality is essential to any credible laboratory operation.
The regional laboratories try to go farther and produce excellent data that can withstand the harshest
scrutiny. While sample and instrument limitations occasionally prevent universal success, striving to
generate the best data possible has always been an ethic fundamental to the regional laboratory system.
As good as we try to be, improvement is always possible and the discipline of quality assurance
continues to evolve as we develop more techniques to ensure a higher quality product.
Quality does not come without a price. Approximately 30% of the analytical capability of the regional
laboratories are devoted to insuring the quality of the remaining 70% of the data that support Agency
decisions. Further, the regional laboratory community audits and is audited to insure that quality
systems are developed and used. This commitment to quality insures that the data that provide the
foundation for decisions affecting public health and our environment are sound and scientifically
defensible.
Quality Systems Verification
During CY2000 the regional laboratories underwent two extensive audits: A Management Systems
Audit and a Technical Systems Audit. The Management Systems Audit, conducted by each region's
Office of Quality Assurance, reviewed their laboratory's quality management program to determine its
effectiveness and the level of implementation. The Technical Systems Audit evaluated each laboratory's
ability to produce data of known quality.
The audits involved exhaustive examinations of the laboratory's quality management plans, methods,
standard operating procedures, instrumentation and related documentation, quality control/quality
assurance practices, data management and the staff. The Technical Systems Audits were conducted by
teams of laboratory staff from other regions and other programs considered experts in their respective
analytical or quality assurance areas. Additionally, many of the regional laboratories also underwent
the Drinking Water Certification audits conducted by NERL-Cincinnati. Although each of the regional
laboratories had findings, several of which were common, overall the data being produced was of good
and well-documented quality. Each laboratory has developed or is developing a corrective action plan
to address their findings.
In spite of a major resource drain as laboratory staff were diverted to prepare for and participate in
audits of their own and other laboratories, regional laboratory personnel continued to provide
analytical and other necessary support to the mission of the Agency.
Quality System Oversight
Regional laboratories audit state and tribal laboratories for Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA)
certification at least every three years. They also provide audit support for the quality requirements of
other EPA programs, conduct performance audit inspections, serve as referee laboratories, provide
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program or specific technical assistance in Quality Assurance, and review performance testing (PT)
data, providing advice and assistance for corrective action plans when necessary.
NELAP
The "National Environmental Laboratory Accreditation Conference" (NELAC) is sponsored by EPA as a
voluntary association of State and federal officials. The purpose of the organization is to foster the
generation of environmental laboratory data of known and documented quality in a cost-effective
manner through the development of nationally accepted standards for environmental laboratory
accreditation. NELAC encompasses all fields of testing associated with compliance with EPA
regulations. The program will be administered by State and federal accrediting authorities in a uniform,
consistent fashion nationwide.
During CY 2000, the Agency prepared its application for NELAC accreditation. This application will
soon be reviewed by a team of laboratory experts from state organizations. Once the Agency receives
accreditation, each regional laboratory will be applying for accreditation under various fields of testing.
Recently, the Regional Science and Technology Directors agreed that all the regional laboratories would
apply for drinking water accreditation. There are some regional laboratories that intend to apply for
accreditation under other fields of testing in the future, such as those used in the CWA and RCRA
programs. As the only regional laboratory with a RCRA TSD permit, the Region 7 laboratory is
required by the State of Kansas to become NELAP accredited. The Region 7 laboratory will apply for
NELAP accreditation in 2001.
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PARTNERSHIPS I
Regional laboratory System Annual Report • 2000
A prominent function of regional laboratories is providing assistance to state, tribal and local
laboratories as well as other federal agencies to improve the capability, capacity, and quality of their
laboratories and environmental programs. Assistance typically includes direct analytical support;
technical assistance in the areas of analysis, quality assurance and method development; pollution
prevention; hazardous waste management; health and safety and program management. Some of the
assistance provided in FY 2000 is detailed below:
~ Microbiological analysis was provided to the State of New Jersey as part of the National Shellfish
Sanitation Program.
~ Quality assurance split sample analysis of water quality chemistry analytes was provided as part of
New Jersey's Ambient Surface Water Network Monitoring Program.
~ Dissolved oxygen and microbiological analyses was provided for inner NY/NJ harbor stations and
coastal stations as part of NJ's Tidal Surface Water Monitoring and Assessment Program.
~ Air monitoring and analysis support was provided to a citizens group in Lake Caclasieu, LA.
~ A study to determine the effectiveness of the installation of additional treatment for Seattle drinking
water is currently underway.
~ Six recreational beaches were evaluated for microbial contamination for the State of Washington
Department of Health as part of the national BEACH program.
~ Peer reviews of technical documents and methods were provided for EPA, other federal agencies,
state, tribal and local entities.
~ Assistance was furnished to various tribes to establish certified drinking water laboratories at remote
reservation locations.
~ Technical assistance and drinking water on-site evaluations for all I 3 state and commercial
laboratories in the non-primacy state of Wyoming were provided.
~ Quality assurance audits were conducted at several state and tribal laboratories.
~ Technical training to colleagues within the state and federal sector, the private sector and the
international community was furnished. Specifically, the Puerto Rico Environmental Quality Board;
the US Fish and Wildlife Service, the Bureau of Land Management; Native American tribal
communities; various colleges and universities; state environmental and health programs; the
Ministry ol the Environment, Madrid Spain; the Department Eaux et Environment, Institut Pasteur
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de Lille, France; the Republic of Kazakhstan, and the Pollution Control Department, Bangkok,
Thailand.
~ Coordinated and hosted meetings of state laboratory directors, state QA certification officers and
laboratory staff.
~ Provided laboratory space and services for the entire Washington Department of Ecology
laboratory function.
~ Technical assistance was provided to a volunteer community group to establish an effective
monitoring program. The laboratory provided supplies, training and assistance in producing
effective sampling plans and quality assurance project plans.
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TRAINING I
Regional Laboratory Sy«ten» Annual Report • FY2000
With modern facilities, well trained and experienced staff and current technologies, regional laboratories
are valuable sources of capability and knowledge. Regional laboratory staff are frequently called upon
to provide training and consultation to EPA colleagues, and laboratory staff in federal, state, tribal,
local and private laboratories. Training may amount to simple briefings and poster presentations,
serving as adjunct faculty at local area colleges, lecturers in a variety of workshop and academic
settings or hands-on training at the regional laboratory or at the laboratory requesting the assistance.
Some examples of these activities performed in FY 2000:
~ Technical training was provided to professional colleagues in the state and federal sector, the private
sector, and the international community. This included hosting visiting scientists as well as
traveling to locations to provide lectures and seminars. Some specific examples of this activity
include: the Puerto Rico Environmental Quality Board; the US Fish and Wildlife Service, the Bureau
of Land Management; Native American tribal communities; various colleges and universities; state
environmental and health programs; the Ministry of the Environment, Madrid Spain; the
Department Eaux et Environment, Institut Pasteur de Lille, France; the Republic of Kazakhstan, and
the Pollution Control Department, Bangkok, Thailand.
~ Regional laboratories coordinated annual meetings of state laboratory directors, state QA
certification officers and laboratory staff to discuss issues concerning environmental laboratories
and laboratory certification. Technical presentations included experiences and guidance on
analytical methodology, emerging technology and common issues such as lab accreditation and
environmental management for laboratories.
~ Some laboratories provided lecturers at local colleges, universities, and high schools concerning a
variety of topics related to the environment, analytical chemistry and analytical data.
~ Training was furnished to peers and colleagues on such topics as: laboratory data integrity;
advanced laboratory methods (implementation of specific EPA methodologies); quality
assurance/quality control; and drinking water certification.
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OUTREACH T
Retfion.il laboratory System Annual Keporl • f"Y2()()()
Each regional laboratory reaches out in many ways to those individuals and organizations that we
serve. These efforts help provide information about the basic mission of the Agency, the laboratory, the
role of good science within the Agency and in decision-making in general, and the fundamental
importance of protecting and preserving the environment.
Outreach activities in FY 2000 included:
~ Serving as judges in local and state science fairs.
~ Sponsoring environmental contests and special Earth Day activities.
~ Providing science demonstrations at local schools and other organizations.
~ Conducting laboratory tours, demonstrations of laboratory operations, and lectures for high school
and college students, peers and colleagues, and private citizens.
~ Forming continuing partnerships with local area schools, mentoring students at all levels, and
working cooperatively with students on science projects.
~ Providing seminars to the public on special topics and participating in public meetings to share
information concerning laboratory data.
~ Serving as active participants in professional organizations that include regional, national, and the
international community. This effort often includes making special presentations and providing key
leadership to these organizations. Among the organizations benefitting from EPA participation are
AOAC, ACS, and the Greater Boston Mass Spectroscopy Discussion Group.
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ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT I Regional Laboratory System Annual Report - I"*Y20G0
EPA's regional laboratories are full service environmental laboratories that must comply with the same
environmental laws EPA is charged with enforcing. Each regional laboratory must address issues of
hazardous waste storage and disposal, maintenance of Emergency Response Plans, Chemical Hygiene
Plans, Hazardous Materials Inventories and employee training requirements for hazardous materials
handlers. Each regional laboratory also has an ongoing commitment to pursue energy savings
opportunities and to develop and implement strategies to reduce solvent use and laboratory waste.
Accordingly, the regional laboratories implement recycling programs that variously include glass,
paper, cardboard, plastic, aluminum and batteries. Several regional laboratories operate in-house
solvent recycling units to reuse solvent and reduce waste disposal. In addition, the regional laboratories
continue to implement equipment and method changes that reduce chemical usage such as switching to
accelerated solvent extractors that reduce per sample solvent use from 500 ml to 40 ml. Some
highlights in FY 2000 related to environmental management and pollution prevention include:
~ Region III occupied its new, energy-efficient, state-of-the-art laboratory facility at the Environmental
Science Center in Ft. Meade, MD, and will be establishing and implementing an Environmental
Management System (EMS) that conforms to ISO 14001, the international standard for EMS.
~ Three solar photovoltaic (PV) arrays totaling 2100 watts have been installed and hooked up at the
Region 10 Laboratory. This PV system will return power to the grid whenever PV electrical supply
exceeds laboratory needs.
~ Some regions are paying a power surcharge which funds the construction of a wind turbines sized to
offset their laboratory's entire power demand.
~ The Region I Laboratory, now under construction and to be commissioned in the spring of '01, has
been designed literally from the ground up to be a model of efficiency. Incorporating numerous
energy efficiency and environmental features, the building will be powered with 100% wind power
and is projected to achieve a silver rating from the U.S. Green Building Council's Leadership in
Energy and Environmental Design program.
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HEALTH & SAFETY I
Regional laboratory System Animal Keport - i"Y2()00
The health of laboratory staff is the most important laboratory management imperative. The extensive
use of glassware, solvents (some of which are suspected carcinogens), compressed gases and potential
exposure to contaminated environmental samples all conspire to make laboratories inherently more
risky than office environments. All of EPA's regional laboratories have invested heavily in their health
and safety programs and have an excellent safety record as proof of these efforts. The following are
highlights from our health and safety activities for the last year:
~ Two regional laboratories underwent comprehensive safety, health, fire protection, security and
security audits by Headquarters. The few findings identified were quickly resolved.
~ Two regional laboratories underwent Environmental Management Reviews in preparation for
beginning work toward development of a facility Environmental Management System (EMS). The
review revealed that one laboratory had excellent EMS practices but will be required to enhance
documentation and measurement systems to achieve certification.
~ Training on several aspects of health and safety is continually provided to laboratory employees:
All Regional Laboratories provided an annual refresher health S safety training course for
laboratory personnel.
~ Twenty-four hour health and safety training was offered for new employees working in the
laboratories. Some are using the Safety Health and Environmental Management Division
(SHEMD) computer based training CD-ROM enabling this valuable training to be provided on a
timely basis.
~ Training on a new Automatic External Defibrillator (AED) was conducted in one regional
laboratory.
~ Many laboratory employees attended fire extinguisher training classes, some through their local
fire districts.
~ The Laboratories' Safety, Health and Environmental Management Committees met throughout the
year, some as often as once a month. These committees also conducted inspections of their
respective laboratories, some as often as monthly.
~ Medical monitoring was provided for those laboratory personnel who work with, or who have a
potential exposure to, toxic materials.
~ All regional laboratories maintained Chemical Hygiene and Occupant Emergency Plans.
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The EPA regional laboratories comprise a varied array of facility types - from converted World War I
buildings to recent architectural designs engaging energy efficiencies and alternative fuel sources. Some
of the facilities are U.S. Government owned; however, most are operated under lease agreements
through the General Services Administration. These facilities house the core laboratory functions and
additional disciplines, and often other program activities of the region. Facilities management involves
not only the day-to-day oversight activities for proper maintenance, but also the planning, budgeting,
and implementation of needed modifications, such as building expansions and upgrades of servicing
equipment. At times, the regions are engaged in planning of new laboratories. Because of this
infrastructure, the regional laboratories are able to provide outstanding support to regional and
national programs. The following are some of the facility highlights for FY 2000:
Many of the regional laboratories are engaged in renovations.
~ Design of Phase I of the Region 10 Laboratory Modernization Project was completed and bids were
solicited. Phase I provides for the construction of a new 7,000 ft3 metals/microbiology wing and a
3,400 ft2 mechanical room expansion. Due to budget limitations, the complexity of laboratory
construction and rigorous program demands that require ambitious engineering solutions, not all
laboratory modules will be fully outfitted during Phase I. Funds to complete the wing and begin
overhauling the existing wings are anticipated in FY2002.
~ Region 10 laboratory staff coordinated and provided oversight for rerouting primary water and
sewer lines serving the laboratory in preparation for remediation of the Superfund site.
~ The Region 9 Laboratory investigated the possibility of energy retrofits that would significantly
reduce energy consumption and make the laboratory more efficient. The projects researched
include consolidating the fume hoods, replacing the oversized boiler with two smaller units,
installing a co-generation unit and upgrading the building control system. Implementation of these
retrofits are contingent on future funding.
~ Phase I was initiated for renovation for a new suite of biology laboratories in Region 5. Other
phases over the next three year will complete the project for this and the administrative area.
~ Modifications were completed in the Region 6 Laboratory for (I) new Inductively Coupled Plasma
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy instrument; (2) provision of emergency power to Battery Room
exhaust fan; and (3) exhaust duct work in the Hazardous Storage Room
Facilities management requires the development, updating, and review of certain plans:
~ A Continuity of Operations Plan was developed for the Region 10 Laboratory in the event of
natural disaster or other event that could compromise the ability of the Laboratory to function.
~ During FY2000, an update of the Master Plan for the Region 2 Environmental Center was
completed. This involved meetings with members of the facilities staff from EPA Headquarters and
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its contractor with members of the Region's management and facilities staff. The outcome was the
agreement on a new updated Master Plan. Once funding is secured, implementation of the Master
Plan will begin.
~ Representing EPA as the land owner, Region 10 staff reviewed the Beaver Creek Restoration Plan
and provided comments to the Corps of Engineers. The Beaver Creek restoration effort is in
mitigation of the loss of seasonal wetlands that will occur when the Superfund site adjacent to the
laboratory site is remediated.
Planning for new facilities is underway in two regions.
~ During 2000, the laboratory team in Region I was fully engaged in the review of final plans for
construction of a new regional laboratory facility now scheduled to be completed in May, 2001.
The new 40,000 square foot facility will provide Region I with a state-of-the-art environmental
science facility including a metals clean room, a containment laboratory, environmental chambers,
and an aquatic sediment toxicity testing laboratory which will add significantly to the existing
regional capability.
~ The Region 7 Laboratory worked with the General Services Administration, EPA Headquarters, and
Regional personnel on a selection process for a contract to design and build new regional
laboratory. Laboratory staff contributed key insights to the design process for new laboratory.
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"^^™^icjjio!nl^a!)or!»To^^Syaicn^\iuu!a^Kepor^^Y200(^™
Each regional laboratory is a center of applied scientific support that meets the unique needs of its
geographical region, states and tribes. Since all ten organizations are environmental analytical
laboratories, they share some common needs and must address some common challenges as well as
individual challenges in both the short and long term. The following represent a summary of those needs
and challenges identified by the regional laboratories separated into common and unique issues.
Common challenges:
~ Complete new and renovated laboratory facilities while continuing to provide analytical support to
clients.
~ Meet increasing demands for scientific support with static or decreasing staff, while providing for an
adequate mix of scientific skills in a time of accelerated staff turnover due to retirements of senior
scientists.
~ Maximize productivity and minimize costs through full utilization of new technologies such as
Laboratory Information Management Systems (LIMS) and the cross training of staff.
~ Address the resources needed for National Environmental Laboratory Accreditation Program
(NELAP) application, audits and implementation.
~ Improve and expand capacity building, partnering and scientific support to states and tribes.
~ Expand participation in the environmental laboratory community through scientific papers and
workgroups.
~ Develop low detection limits for selected analytical methods to meet program needs such as
pesticides for TMDL efforts.
~ Assist ORD in field testing recently developed methods.
Unique challenges:
~ Develop analytical capabilities in diverse and specialized areas such as fish and plant tissue, PCB
congeners in various matrices, immunoassay detection of pesticides and analysis of endocrine
disrupting compounds such as alkylphenols.
~ Expand and develop the uses of specialized instrumentation such as mobile analytical units for field
gas chromatography, x-ray refraction and air toxics as well as scanning electron microscopy and
energy dispersive x-ray detector instrumentation for speciation of PM 2.5/PM 10 particulates.
~ More emphasis on the development and utilization of molecular techniques as a screening tool for
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rapid identification of pathogens in drinking water.
~ Effect the migration of microorganism testing from convenient, surrogate organisms to organisms
associated with human illnesses. For example, current tests for fecal coliform and E. coli in
environmental waters will change to testing for Enterococci.
~ Develop the capability to speciate metals in waters and soils in order to differentiate the more toxic
forms.
~ Improve mobile laboratory testing capabilities.
~ Provide indoor air quality monitoring of fungal spore culturing identification capabilities.
~ Validate and implement a method for the analysis of ambient waters for specific pesticides
associated with mosquito spraying (Sumithrin, Piperonyl Butoxide and Resmethrin) to control the
spread of the West Nile virus. The pesticides of concern are based on the pesticide products that
will be used for the spraying this summer.
~ Implement PCB congeners via high resolution GC/MS (Method 1668) for ambient water and
sediment quality determinations.
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APPENDIX
CENTERS OF APPLIED SCIENCE
Annual Report
Fiscal Year 2000
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CENTERS OF APPLIED SCIENCE
At its inception, the Agency recognized the critical need for analytical information to support regional
and Agency decisions, and established laboratories in each of the ten regions. Since then, the regional
laboratories have evolved into an interdependent network • the Regional Laboratory System. Each
regional laboratory is now comprised of core functions common to all regional laboratories and
specialized expertise developed to support the geographic-specific issues of the region.
Through its comprehensive core analytical capability each region assesses the condition of the
environment to determine the need for action and to evaluate its effectiveness. The suite of chemical
and biological tests included in the core capability is used to support ambient monitoring, compliance
monitoring, criminal and civil enforcement and special projects. Other core functions include expert
witness testimony, training to program staff and other organizations, audits of other laboratories,
policy guidance and technical support to other federal, state and local laboratories. The regional
laboratories also serve as benchmarks for other environmental laboratories in areas such as analysis,
pollution prevention and environmental compliance.
Each regional laboratory has also developed specialized expertise in response to specific regional needs.
These capabilities, collectively called the Centers of Applied Science (CAS), have broad application and
frequently constitute the best knowledge of the subject in the country. Through these CAS, the
regional laboratories are committed to advancing the state-of-the-art and sharing that information
through training and other appropriate forums. Regional laboratories have developed work plans for
projects in the different Center disciplines and will be reporting on work plan progress annually.
Because development work is unpredictable and is frequently displaced by the more traditional work of
the region, schedules reflected in work plans are only tentative.
Relevant GPRA goals are identified in each work plan. Nearly all work represented in this report is
associated with at least one media program goal. Additionally, all work in this report supports:
Goal 8: Sound Science, Improved Understanding of Environmental Risk, and Greater
Innovation to Address Environmental Problems
Objective 804: By 2006, develop and verify improved tools, methodologies, and technologies
for modeling, measuring, characterizing, preventing, controlling, and cleaning up
contaminants associated with high priority human health and environmental problems.
Subobjective 80401: By 2006, develop and verify improved tools, methodologies, and
technologies for modeling, measuring, characterizing, preventing, controlling, and cleaning up
contaminants associated with high priority human health and environmental problems.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Centers of Applied Science • Annual Repot; FY 2000
Reports
Page
Environmental Chemistry
Scanning Electron Microscopy
Hydride Generation
Toxaphene Congeners
Dioxin
PCB Congeners
PCB Congeners
Explosives
Arsenic Speciation
Endocrine Disruptors
Fish Tissue Extraction, Cleanup and Analysis
X-ray Diffraction
Primary Lead Intervention Research and Support
Passive Vapor Diffusion Monitoring
Environmental Microbiology 6
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Giardia/Cryptosporidium
Analytical Pollution Prevention 7
Abbreviated Microwave Extraction
Microextractions with Large Volume Injection
Solventless Extraction Techniques
Ambient Air Monitoring 9
Polar Hydrocarbon Compounds
Polar Hydrocarbon Compounds
Source Apportionment
Environmental Biology
Benthic Invertebrate Taxonomy
10
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Work Plans Appendix
Environmental Chemistry
Scanning Electron Microscopy A
Hydride Generation B
Dioxin C
PCB Congeners D
PCB Congeners E
Explosives F
Arsenic Speciation G
Endocrine Disrupters H
Fish Tissue Extraction, Cleanup and Analysis I
X-ray Diffraction J
Primary Lead Intervention Research and Support K
Passive Vapor Diffusion Monitoring L
Environmental Microbiology
Polymerase Chain Reaction M
Giardia and Cryptosporidium N
Analytical Pollution Prevention
Abbreviated Microwave Extraction O
Microextractions with Large Volume Injection P
Solventless Extraction Techniques Q
Ambient Air Monitoring
Polar Hydrocarbon Compounds R
Polar Hydrocarbon Compounds S
Environmental Biology
Benthic Invertebrate Taxonomy T
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ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY Wttm
Centers of Applied Sc**k.v • Atiruol Report FY 2000
Status of Work Plans
Scanning Electron Microscopy (Region 9): Laboratory staff have been trained on the operation of both
the Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and the Energy Dispersive X-ray Detector
(EDX). Investigation has begun on a variety of sample media, preparation techniques and SEM sample
chamber environments that will provide optimal conditions for ambient air particle analysis. In
FY2000, a microbalance for filter weighing and a Sputter/Carbon Coater for sample preparation were
acquired. The laboratory also purchased a CCD camera for sample chamber observation and a Peltier
cooled stage that will eliminate charging effects previously observed with particle filter samples. In
FY2001, the CCD camera and the cooled stage will be installed and staff will be trained on their use.
Development of methodology related to observation of hydrated samples will begin immediately
subsequent to installation and training.
Hydride Generation (Region 10) - Methodology developed by a Region 10 chemist in Cincinnati is
being adapted to Regional instrumentation. Required equipment modifications have been made and
the membrane has been selected and ordered. The hydride method is being developed to analyze
arsenic in seawater. Initially, it was hoped that the method could be adapted to other difficult elements
such as selenium. Given the difficulty of adapting the hydride method to selenium, no clear program
need to be able to detect selenium in seawater and the promise of new technology, DRC-ICP/MS, it is
unlikely that the hydride method will be adapted to selenium.
Toxaphene Congeners (Region 4) - Instrumentation has been installed and necessary supplies have been
procured. GC analysis conditions to separate 18 of 22 congeners have been determined. The
reference congeners have been, and continue to be, used as a guide for the identification of (degraded)
toxaphene and as a standard for the analysis of the congeners in biological tissue, soil, and water.
Work that remains: I) Develop conditions and column selections to resolve the 4 remaining congeners
and 2) Conduct a complete validation study to analyze and quantitate the congeners as separate
entities. Currently, risk assessment and toxicological data are defined using the toxaphene mixture and
not individual congeners. Lack of a current practical application for congener analysis and competing
analytical demands have resulted in a decision to suspend further developmental work for the
foreseeable future.
Dioxin and Furans (Region 7) • Extraction technique for fish and shellfish were improved and tested on
corn oil, triolein and crab hepatopancreas. Appropriate laboratory standard operating procedures
were developed. Support continued to Region 7, other regions and headquarters on special projects
involving trace level detection of dioxin and furans. The purchase of a new High Resolution Mass
Spectrometer will enhance capability and capacity through higher sensitivity, lower detection limits
and the installation of an autosampler.
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PCB Congeners (Region 2) • Method for the cleanup and analysis of approximately 100 PCB
congeners in sediment samples by GC/ECD has been developed and peer reviewed. A new GC/MS-
MS with a negative chemical ionization sample introduction system was installed in 2000. A method
for the determination of PCB Congeners in sediment samples using this instrument will be developed in
2001. This new method will enable the determination of approximately 100 PCB congeners at
detection levels equivalent to those produced using the GC/ECD technique, but with mass spectral
identification.
PCB Congeners (Region 10) • The laboratory experimental plan has been developed. PCB congeners
and appropriate columns were acquired. Retention time tables for 158 congeners have been
completed. MDLs in soil have been determined and preliminary samples are being evaluated.
Explosives (Region 3) • An SOP for analysis of nitroaromatics, nitramines and nitroglycerine in soil and
aqueous samples has been prepared and is undergoing peer review. The SOP includes both the salting-
out and solid phase extraction (SPE) method for aqueous samples and a spectral matching method for a
photodiode array detector in lieu of dual column confirmation. Chromatographic separation of
Method 83BOA analytes as been improved by modifying solvent gradients and using a new column,
allowing more efficient separation of previously coeluting analytes. IDG have been completed for
solid and aqueous matrices for SW846 Methods 8330A and 8332. The IDC for Method 8330A via
solid phase extraction is currently in review.
Arsenic Speciation (Region 10) • NERL procedures have been tailored to regional laboratory equipment
and facility. CRM has been analyzed to verify method performance. Method will be optimized based
on CRM and split samples will be run with NERL to determine precision and accuracy.
Endocrine Disruptors (Region 5) • A work plan was developed that includes development of SOPs for
alkylphenols in water and sediment, synthesis of some alkylpenol ethoxylates and carboxylates for use
as standards, and gaining experience in performing analyses on water and sediment. QA criteria for
soil/sediment and water were completed and analysis of environmental samples is underway. A source
of EDC standards has been established and standards have been acquired. Region 5 and Region 3 will
be partnering with ORD through a Regional Methods Initiative on Alkylphenol Ethoxylates to fully
accomplish the elements in the performance plan.
Fish Tissue Extraction (Region 10): An extraction procedure used to isolate and measure guaiacols in
pulp and paper wastewater in conjunction with Jordi Gel column clean up techniques was adapted to
overcome difficulties associated with the analyses of many acidic and some neutral analytes in fish
tissue. Detection limits for most of these analytes have been substantially improved through these
adaptations. Work associated with GC/MS analysis for PAH and neutral analytes is being assembled
for publication. A detailed experimental plan has been developed for further refinement of the analysis
of PCBs and pesticides using GC/AED.
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X-ray Diffraction (Region 10): A mineralogy laboratory has been established with an X-ray
diffractometer, magnetic separation apparatus and polarizing light microscope. A qualitative XRD
method has been developed and applied to the identification of compounds for the purpose of assessing
metals mobility. A variety of materials examined so far include mine tailings, waste rock, smelter slag,
treatment sludge, air filters and abandoned drums. Development of a quantitative XRD method and a
scanning electron microscopy capability are planned.
Primary Lead Intervention Research and Support (Region I): A handbook for the public is being
prepared to help homeowners evaluate their risk to lead exposure and identify sources of assistance in
remediating lead contamination. The Region is working with several federal, state and local agencies in
assessing and resolving contamination issues at specific home sites.
Passive Vapor Diffusion Monitoring (Region I): An SOP for passive vapor monitoring is nearly
complete. The technique will be used to monitor two Superfund sites in FY 1001.
Training
Fish Tissue Extraction •
Two Region 2 scientists spent 3 weeks at Manchester learning techniques for the preparation
and analysis of fish tissue for pesticides and PCBs.
Information Transfer
Scanning Electron Microscopy -
An oral presentation on the SEM project was made at the annual meeting of the Regional
Laboratories' Technical Information Group which included scientists from all ten regional
laboratories.
Toxaphene Congener Analysis -
A poster presentation entitled "Toxaphene Congener Analysis by GC/ECD" was given at a
Science Days conference held in Atlanta, GA in April of 1000.
The method was presented to representatives of the Georgia Environmental Protection Division
and the private sector. The technique is to be used at a project within Region 4.
Dioxin and Furans •
An oral presentation entitled "Hexachloroxanthene Analysis with TCDD" was delivered at the
2000 International Dioxin Symposium held in Monterey, CA on August 13-17, 2000.
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PCB Congeners -
A paper was presented at the Pacific Northwest Section, AOAC International 2001 summer
meeting entitled, "PCB Congener Separation and Analysis by GC/ECD (micro)."
Endocrine Disruptors -
Data on sediment from the North Branch of the Chicago River, analyzed for n-nonylphenol,
octylphenol, and the nonylphenol mono- and di-ethyoxylates using the draft regional method,
was presented to alkylphenol investigators from USGS Boulder, CO; USDA, Bethesda, MD;
and Metropolitan Sewer District of Chicago. Data on other river systems and fish tissue were
also discussed.
Contacts
Scanning Electron Microscopy - Barbara Bates (R9) - (5 10) 4 I 2-2325
Isa Chamberlain (RIO) - (360) 87 1-8706
Katie Adams (RIO)- (360) 87 1-8748
Lavon Revells (R4) - (706) 355-8840
Jeffrey Archer (R7) - (913)551 -5099
Terry Crone (R7) - (913)551-5154
Fred Elsen (R2) - (732) 321-6659
Bob Rieck (RIO)- (360) 871-8719
Dr. Jennifer L. Gundersen (R3) - (410) 305-2835
Hydride Generation -
Toxaphene Congeners -
Dioxin and Furans -
PCB Congeners -
Explosives •
Arsenic Speciation -
Endocrine Disruptors -
Fish Tissue Extraction -
Isa Chamberlain (RIO) -
Katie Adams (RIO) -
Babu Paruchuri (R5) -
Dr. Larry Zintek (R5) -
Gerald Dodo (RIO)-
Peggy Knight (RIO) -
Bob Rieck (RIO) -
Steve Reimer (RIO) -
Randy Cummings (RIO)
(360) 871-8706
(360) 871-8748
(312) 353-3646
(312) 886-3894
(360) 871-8728
(360)871-8713
(360) 871-8719
(360) 871-8718
- (360)871-8707
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X-ray Diffraction - David Frank (RIO) - (360) 87 I -8708
Primary Lead Intervention • Paul Carroll (RI) - (7 81) 860-4306
Research and Support
Passive Vapor Diffusion - Scott Clifford (testing) -(781) 860-463 I
Monitoring Jerry Keefe (sampling) -(781) 860-43 7 6
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MICROBIOLOGY , " ... ^
Ccrt-m o! Applied Science • A.nni«! Report FY 3000
Status of Work Plans
Polymerase Chain Reaction (Region 10) - Efforts to evaluate current methodologies for Cyc/ospora
cayetanensis and their application to the drinking water matrix were not possible due to the inability to
acquire a sufficient quantity of the parasite to develop and evaluate the test. Eimeria tene/la, an
organism of comparable size and activity, has been acquired and will be used for development and
evaluation of the test with modification for Cyc/ospora to follow.
Giardia and Cryptosporidium (Region 2) - The capability for Giardia and Cryptosporidium analysis by
Method I 623 has been established and routine monitoring is underway. This CAS project has been
completed.
Contacts
Polymerase Chain Reaction - Stephanie Harris (RIO)- (360) 871-871 I
Giardia and Cryptosporidium • Irwin Katz (R2) - (732) 321 -6725
Stephanie Harris (RIO) • (360) 87 1-87 I I
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ANALYTICAL POLLUTION PREVENTION mmmmmtimmmmm
Cen-m of Applied Scitwc ¦ Annua! Repon FY 2000
Status of Work Plan
Abbreviated Microwave Extraction (AMAE) (Region 6) - The purchase of a microwave with new
features (such as magnetic stirring and new vessel design) was completed in FY2000. Installation
occurred in October 2000. Consequently, development with the new equipment was moved to
FY200I.
Microextraction with Large Volume Injection (LVI) (Region 6) - Three totally new LVI inlets and one
LVI inlet upgrade were purchased in FY2000. This allowed the laboratory to compare four separate
state-of-the-art designs in Large Volume Injection techniques. Collaborative work is continuing on
improving these designs with all companies involved. Papers were presented at the 2000 Pittsburgh
Conference and the 2000 Waste Testing and Quality Assurance Symposium. An article was published
in Environmental Testing § Analysis. Focus on coupling microextraction techniques with LVI is
planned for FY200I.
Solventless Extraction Techniques (Region 6) • This project started in FY2000 as a collaborative
project with Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) combining hot water extractions with solventless
phase-coated extractions. Region 6 laboratory is focusing on the solventless solid phase extraction and
LANL is pursuing the hot water extraction development. Equipment has been purchased and installed
to evaluate phase-coated extractions and preliminary evaluations have begun.
Information Transfer
Microextraction with Large Volume Injection -
An article was published in Environmental Testing § Analysis, Jan/Feb issue 2000, Volume 9,
Number I, page I 7-20, on "Large Volume Injections", as part of a larger article on "Advances
in Chromatography."
A paper was presented at the 2000 Pittsburgh Conference entitled "Comparison of Techniques
for Injecting Large Volumes into Gas Chromatographs Using PTV Inlet, COC Inlet and
Precolumn Inlet," #101.
A paper was presented at the 2000 Waste Testing and Quality Assurance Symposium entitled
"Comparison of Four Large Volume Injection Techniques."
-7-
-------
Contacts
Abbreviated Microwave Extraction
Microextraction with •
Large Volume Injection
Solventless Extraction Techniques
David Spencer (R6) - (281)983-2125
Meredith Clarage (R6) - (28 I) 983-2129
Diane Gregg (R6) - (281) 983-2120
Rick McMillin (R6) - (281) 983-2107
Diane Gregg (R6) - (281)983-2120
Rick McMillin (R6) -(281) 983-2107
Barbara Schuppener (R6) - (281) 983-21 17
Diane Gregg (R6) - (281) 983-2120
Rick McMillin (R6) - (281) 983-2107
-8-
-------
AMBIENT AIR MONITORING!
o) Applied Science Anou;-! Report FV J000
Status of Work Plans:
Polar Hydrocarbon Compounds (Region 2) - Standards have been acquired. Standard operating
procedures and the QA plan for method development will be completed in FY200I.
Polar Hydrocarbon Compounds (Region I) - Standards have been purchased. TO-15 will be optimized
in FY200I.
Source Apportionment (Region 10) - The instrument supplier has not been able to deliver a working
instrument. A substantial reduction in project priority, loss of critical personnel and instrument
difficulties have postponed this project for the foreseeable future.
Contacts:
Polar Hydrocarbon Compounds - Avi Teitz (R2) -
Dan Boudreau (RI) (testing) -
Pete Kahn (RI) (sampling) -
Source Apportionment - Michael Johnston (RIO) -
(732) 906-6160
(780)860-4340
(780) 860-4392
(360) 871-8701
-9-
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY H
Status of Work Plans
Marine and Estuarine Benthic Invertebrate Taxonomy (Region 3) - Two electronic
bibliographic databases, Zoological Record published by BIOSIS and a bibliography dealing with
polychaete worms published by the Smithsonian Institution, have been acquired. SOPs addressing the
removal and identification of benthic invertebrates have been completed and distributed via website.
Training in the identification of oligochaete worms was obtained at a two day workshop associated
with the annual meeting of the New England Association of Environmental Biologists.
Training:
Marine and Estuarine Benthic Invertebrate Taxonomy
Provided two half-day training sessions for biologists from the Maryland Department of the
Environment.
Contacts
Marine and Estuarine Benthic - Dr. David Russell (R3) -(410) 305-2656.
Invertebrate Taxonomy
-10-
-------
WORK PLAN FOR ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY
Fine Particulate Speciation by Scanning Electron Microscopy
Goal I: Clean Air
Objective 101: By 2010, improve air quality for Americans living in areas that do not meet the National Ambient Air Quality Standard
(NAAQS) for ozone and particulate matter (PM).
Subobjective 5: By 2001, provide measurements, modeling, source emissions, and control information for PM by species and size to guide risk
assessment and PM risk management options; and by 2003, develop a biologically plausible, quantitative health risk model for particulate
matter based on epidemiological, toxicological, and mechanistic studies.
Regional Goal: By FY 2001, develop methodology for quantitative and qualitative analysis of fine particulate matter using Scanning Electron
Microscopy coupled with energy dispersive x-ray analysis.
Projection Description: On July I 8, 1997, EPA revised the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for particulate matter (PM) by
adding new standards for PM3 5 (particles with an aerodynamic diameters lower than 2.5 micrometers) and adjusting the form of the PM,0
(particles with an aerodynamic diameters lower than 10 micrometers) 24-hour standard. PM2 5 chemical speciation is included in the
monitoring requirements. While core PM2 5 speciation sites will follow an established analysis program, EPA encourages the use of alternative
speciation approaches for non-routine speciation sites and for "Super Sites" which will be established to conduct special detailed chemical and
physical characterization studies. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) under the control
of image analysis software is a powerful tool that can provide very detailed information on individual particles. In order to support non-
routine speciation sites and research-level "Super Sites", the Region 9 Laboratory is currently developing the capability to do quantitative and
qualitative analysis of fine particulate matter using Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled with energy dispersive x-ray analysis. In addition to
providing chemical speciation of individual particles, this technique will provide information on particle morphology, particle size and
distribution.
asX Urxiatcfi: January 10. 2001
Appendix A
-------
FY 2000 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year 2)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
FTE
Funds
Funds
Collaborators
Projected
Expended
Projected
Expended
By 2002, develop
1. Establish a functioning
1. Procure and install
.45
.5
$261,500
$300,497
methodology for
SEM laboratory
SEM/EDX system:
quantitative and
December 1999
qualitative
analysis of fine
2. Become proficient in
2. Staff trained by
.5
.75
$2000
$0
particulate matter
SEM/EDS operation
manufacturer and current
using SEM
methods evaluated:
coupled with
March 2000
energy dispersive
x-ray analysis
-------
FY 2001 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year 3)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
FTE
Funds
Funds
Collaborators
Projected
Expended
Projected
Expended
By 2002,
3. Develop
3. SOP drafted, reviewed
1.0
$10,000
3. (ORD)
develop
methodology for particle
and finalized:
AREAL and
methodology for
sample preparation
June 2001
(OA) OAQPS
quantitative and
qualitative
4. Develop procedures
4. SOP drafted, reviewed
1.0
$10,000
4. (ORD)
analysis of fine
for qualitative and
and finalized:
AREAL and
particulate
quantitative particulate
September 2001
(OA) OAQPS
matter using
analysis
SEM coupled
with energy
dispersive x-ray
analysis
-------
FY 2002 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year 4)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
FTE
Funds
Funds
Collaborators
Projected
Expended
Projected
Expended
By 2002,
5. Develop procedures
5. Procedures adopted:
1.0
$500
5. (ORD)
develop
for evaluating qualitative
February 2002
AREAL and
methodology for
and quantitative analysis
(OA) OAQPS
quantitative and
qualitative
6. Capability
6. Begin accepting
1 +
$1,000
analysis of fine
operational
samples for analysis on a
particulate
limited basis: April 2002
matter using
SEM coupled
with energy
dispersive x-ray
analysis
-------
WORK PLAN FOR ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY
Metals Detection by Hydride Generation
Goal 2: Clean and Safe Water
Objective 201: By 2005, protect human health so that 95 percent of the population served by community water systems will receive water
that meets drinking water standards, consumption of contaminated fish and shellfish will be reduced, and exposure to microbial and other
forms of contamination in waters used for recreation will be reduced.
Subobjective 20105: By 2005, consumption of contaminated fish and shellfish will be reduced and the percentage of waters attaining the
designated uses protecting the consumption of fish and shellfish will increase.
Discussion: Many of the available EPA methods for trace metals determination do not meet regional needs. Arsenic levels in seawater must be
accurately measured to determine the source of arsenic burdens in the tissue of fish and shellfish. This information will allow better
understanding of arsenic pathways in the marine environment and more accurate ecosystem and human health risk assessments.
Regional Subobjective 20105RI: To assess the potential contaminant exposures and risks from fish and shellfish consumption. Identify levels
of contaminants in fish and shellfish in the Pacific Northwest and Alaska. Project includes development of sampling and analytical methods,
completion of exposure analyses, evaluation of cumulative risk, and the conduct of case studies-
Project Description: Arsenic is one of the metals of greatest concern in the environment due to its toxicity. However, it is also one of the most
difficult to analyze in a seawater matrix, because the most sensitive method of analysis (ICP-MS) is unable to accurately measure arsenic in
samples containing high levels of chloride ions. This notorious interference can be circumvented using hydride techniques. With these
techniques, the arsenic present in a sample converts to arsine gas, which is swept away from the chloride-containing sample. Once free of the
matrix, arsenic can be measured without interference at trace levels. In Region 10, with the proximity of Puget Sound and the Pacific Ocean,
the ability to analyze arsenic in seawater is of particular concern. Implementation of the method also supports the initiative of the Chemical
Exposure Research Branch of NERL, to propagate measurement methods for coastal and estuarine waters. Once the hydride generation is
established for arsenic in seawaters, similar methods may be possible for other elements plagued by interferences such as selenium, which are
also capable of forming hydrides. In addition, it may be possible to use the technique on other difficult, highly-interfering matrices such as
soils.
-------
FY 2000 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year I)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
Projected
FTE
Expended
Funds
Projected
Funds
Expended
Collaborators
By 2003, have in
operation in Region 10
and available for export
to other interested
laboratories, a hydride
generation method for
determining arsenic and
selenium in seawater
samples.
1. Develop the work
plan
1. Work plan
completed: May
2000
-------
FY 2001 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year 2)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
FTE
Funds
Funds
Collaborators
Projected
Expended
Projected
Expended
By 2003, have in
2. Establish the hydride
2. Select and
.04
$300
2. NERL-
operation in Region 10
generation system
procure membrane.
Cincinnati
and available for export
Complete installation
to other interested
of components:
laboratories, a hydride
December 2000
generation method for
determining arsenic and
3. Tune system for
3. Optimize
.02
selenium in seawater
arsenic
chemistry for arsenic
samples.
determination:
April 2001
4. Test the method
4. Perform analyses
.03
on reference
materials to validate
the method:
June 2001
-------
WORK PLAN FOR ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY
Analysis of Dioxin and Furans in Aquatic Tissue
Goal 2: Clean and Safe Water
Objective 01: By 2005, protect human health so that 95% of the population served by community water systems will receive water that
meets drinking water standards, consumption of contaminated fish and shellfish will be reduced, and exposure to microbial and other forms of
contamination in waters used for recreation will be reduced.
Subobjective 05: By 2005, consumption of contaminated fish and shellfish will be reduced and the percentage of waters attaining the
designated uses protecting the consumption of fish and shellfish will increase.
Description: Participate in ongoing stream survey in the Midwest monitoring PCDD/PCDFs in fish tissue. These data along with historical
fish data will help indicate trends in the Midwest. This total study should aid in modeling, controlling and cleaning up environmental
problems.
Goal 5: Better Waste Management, Restoration of Contaminated Waste Sites, and Emergency Response
Objective 01: By 2005, EPA and its partners will reduce or control the risks to human health and the environment
Subobjective 02: By 2005, EPA and its partners will reduce the risks that Superfund sites pose to public health and the environment
Description: Help emergency response teams in the identification of potentially responsible parties by helping identify possible marker
compounds. To protect human health by continual monitoring and providing data for risk assessment purposes.
Dioxin contamination continues to be a concern for the agency in virtually all matrices. Specific concerns in Region 7 have prompted the
regional laboratory to develop capabilities for the extraction and analysis of trace levels of dioxins and furans in several matrices. Additional
work is in progress to improve the current extraction and cleanup techniques along with adding additional matrices to the list of capabilities.
-------
FY 2000 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year 2)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
Projected
FTE
Expended
Funds
Projected
Funds
Expended
Collaborators
By 2003, have in
operation in Region
7 and available for
export to other
interested
laboratories methods
improved methods
for the detection of
dioxin and furans in
aquatic tissue.
1. Improve extraction
technique for
dioxins/furans in fish
tissue and shell fish.
2. Demonstrate the
performance of the
method.
3. Extract and analyze
tissue from Region 1 (Fish
from Regional Ambient
Fish Tissue Monitoring
Program)
1. Improved
techniques in place:
March 2000
2. Initial precision and
recovery studies
complete for corn oil,
triolein, and crab
hepatopancrease:
July 2000
3. Final Report sent:
April 2000
-------
FY 2001 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year 3)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
RE
Projected
FTE
Expended
Funds
Projected
Funds
Expended
Collaborators
By 2003, have in
operation in Region
7 and available for
export to other
interested
laboratories methods
improved methods
for the detection of
dioxin and furans in
aquatic tissue.
4. Report summarizing
various extraction
techniques in different
aquatic tissues.
5. Extract and analyze
tissue from Region 2 (Blue
Crab in San Juan Bay).
6. Comprehensive report
on aquatic tissue
extraction and analysis
methods.
7. Enhance capabilities to
detect dioxin and furans
through procurement of
new instrumentation
4. EPA Region 7
Laboratory Tissue
Extraction Method
approved:
October 2000
5. Analysis completed
and results provided to
participating regions:
October 2000
6. Presentation of
aquatic tissue dioxin /
furan method at a
professional
conference: 2001
7. Install, receive
training on and make
operational a new
High Resolution Mass
Spectrometer: 2001
-------
WORK PLAN FOR ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY
PCB Congeners
Goal 02: Clean and Safe Water
Objective 201: By 2005, protect human health so that 95 percent of the population served by community water systems will receive water
that meets drinking water standards, consumption of contaminated fish and shellfish will be reduced, and exposure to microbial and other
forms of contamination in waters used for recreation will be reduced.
Subobjective 20105: By 2005, consumption of contaminated fish and shellfish will be reduced and the percentage of waters attaining the
designated uses protecting the consumption of fish and shellfish will increase.
Objective 202: By 2005, conserve and enhance the ecological health of the nation's (state, interstate £ Tribal) waters and aquatic ecosystems
-- rivers and streams, lakes, wetlands, estuaries, coastal areas, oceans, and ground waters-so that 75% of waters support healthy aquatic
communities.
Subobjective 20201: By 2005, restore and protect watersheds so that 7 5% of waters support healthy watersheds as shown by
comprehensive assessment of the nation's watersheds.
Description: There is an increasing need throughout the country to assess the concentration of PCB Congeners in sediment matrices (from
lakes, streams, and estuaries). The Region 2 Laboratory has developed a method to analyze a representative subset of the most
environmentally significant congeners (approximately 20). There is a need to expand the method to include a more comprehensive list of
approximately 100 congeners. In addition, there is a need to improve the sensitivity of the method in order to properly detect at levels
normally found in the environment for many of these congeners. This will be accomplished by using improved extract cleanup procedures as
well as new instrument technology.
,*st U-xiatoxJ: Decanber 2000 Appends*
-------
FY 1999 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year I)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
FTE
Funds
Funds
Collaborators
Projected
Expended
Projected
Expended
By FY 2002, develop
1. Develop a work plan
1. Work plan
.01
the capability to detect
for the cleanup and
developed: April 1999
PCB congeners in
analysis of PCB
sediment and soil
congeners by GC/ECD
2. Develop method for
2. Method developed,
.6
use in Region 2
validation report
laboratory
complete:
September 1999
-------
FY 2000 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year 2)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
Projected
FTE
Expended
Funds
Projected
Funds
Expended
Collaborators
By FY 2002, develop
3. Analytical method
3. Internal peer review
.01
the capability to detect
accepted for use in
complete:
PCB congeners in
Region 2
December 1999
sediment and soil
(continued)
4. Install new Gas
Chromatograph Mass
Spectrometer-Mass
Spectrometer
(GC/MS-MS) with a
chemical ionization
sample introduction
system
4. Installation:
January 2000
0
oss Urxiafed: Dec^-ber 1 v, 2000 Appendix 0
-------
FY 2001 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year 3)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
RE
Projected
FTE
Expended
Funds
Projected
Funds
Expended
Collaborators
By FY 2002, develop
the capability to detect
PCB congeners in
sediment and soil
(continued)
5. Develop a work
plan for the
measurement of PCB
Congeners in
soil/sediment using
GC/MS-MS with a
negative chemical
ionization sample
introduction system
5. Work plan developed:
April 2001
0.01
-------
FY 2002 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year 3)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
FTE
Funds
Funds
Collaborators
Projected
Expended
Projected
Expended
By FY 2002, develop
6. Develop the
6. Method developed:
0.6
the capability to detect
GC/MS-MS
December 2001
PCB congeners in
analytical method
sediment and soil
(continued)
7. Validate the
7. Method validation
.05
GC/MS-MS
report complete:
analytical method.
January 2002
8. Analytical method
8. Internal peer review
.05
accepted for use in
complete: March 2002
Region 2
-------
WORK PLAN FOR ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY
Coplanar PCB Congener Separation and Analysis
Goal 2: Clean and Safe Water
Objective 201: By 2005, protect human health so that 95 percent of the population served by community water systems will receive water
that meets drinking water standards, consumption of contaminated fish and shellfish will be reduced, and exposure to microbial and other
forms of contamination in waters used for recreation will be reduced.
Subobjective 20105: By 2005, consumption of contaminated fish and shellfish will be reduced and the percentage of waters attaining the
designated uses protecting the consumption of fish and shellfish will increase.
Regional Subobjective 20I05RI: To assess the potential contaminant exposures and risks from fish and shellfish consumption. Identify levels
of contaminants in fish and shellfish in the Pacific Northwest and Alaska. Project includes development of sampling and analytical methods,
completion of exposure analyses, evaluation of cumulative risk, and the conduct of case studies...
Description: PCB analysis has traditionally been performed by Arochlor, the grouping of PCB congeners by PCB product description. As our
understanding of how PCBs are configured and their effect on human physiology has grown, it has become clear that more accurate risk
assessments require individual PCB congener determinations. Some PCB congeners, especially those with a chemical configuration similar to
dioxin, are of particular concern. The regional laboratory is developing a separation technique to isolate and concentrate the coplanar PCB
congeners of special interest to enable their detection and quantification using instrumentation currently in the laboratory. The study will
target the I 5 PCB congeners on the World Health Organization list as well as the 20 congeners in the EPA Congener Calibration Standard.
-------
FY 1999 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year I)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
FTE
Funds
Funds
Collaborators
Projected
Expended
Projected
Expended
By 12/31/99,
1. Conduct literature
1. Literature search
.1
.1
complete initial and
search
completed:
follow up experimental
February 1, 1999
laboratory work and
prepare an article for
2.Order PCB congener
2. Supplies received:
.1
.1
$4550
publication describing
standards, capillary
January 15,1999.
the extraction and
columns
clean up of tissue and
soil extracts for
3. Identify information
3. Finalize laboratory
.1
.1
analyses of Coplanar
needed to complete
experimental plan:
PCB Cogeners.
project and develop an
February 1, 1999
experimental plan
4. Develop congener
4. Retention time tables
.7
.5
retention time tables
complete:
on Tracor GC
February 28, 1999
5. Evaluate Florisil
5. Florisil elution
.7
.7
Elution pattern for
pattern for congeners
congeners
completed:
April 1, 1999
-------
FY 2000 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year 2)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
Projected
FTE
Expended
Funds
Projected
Funds
Expended
Collaborators
By 6/3 1 /00, complete
6. Develop retention
6. Retention time tables
.3
.3
initial and follow up
time tables for
completed:
experimental laboratory
Hewlett-Packard GC
January 1 5, 2000
work and prepare an
article for publication
7. Repeat Florisil
7. Florisil elution
.2
.2
describing the
elution pattern
pattern analysis
extraction and clean up
analysis with H-P GC
completed:
of tissue and soil
February 29, 2000
extracts for analyses of
Coplanar PCB
8. Determine congener
8. Congener MDLs
.5
.5
Congeners.
MDLs in soil
completed:
March 1 5, 2000
U
-------
FY 2001 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year 3)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
Projected
FTE
Expended
Funds
Projected
Funds
Expended
Collaborators
By 6/3 1 /00, complete
initial and follow up
experimental laboratory
work and prepare an
article for publication
describing the
extraction and clean up
of tissue and soil
extracts for analyses of
Coplanar PCB
Congeners
9. Extract 21 sediment
samples by Soxhlet
and compare congener
values with those
previously determined
by the Ecology lab
10. Prepare method
for distribution article
for SW-846
9. Congener
comparison completed:
January 31, 2001
10. Method submitted
to SW-846 organics
committee:
March 31, 2001
1
.8
9.
Washington
State
Department
of Ecology
-------
WORK PLAN FOR ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY
Explosives Analysis by HPLC and LC/MS
GOAL 5: America's wastes will be stored, treated and disposed of in ways that prevent harm to people and to the natural environment. EPA
will work to clean up previously polluted sites and restore them to uses appropriate for surrounding communities, and respond to and prevent
waste-related or industrial accidents.
Objective 501: By 2005, EPA and its partners will reduce or control the risks to human health and the environment at over 375,000
contaminated Superfund, RCRA, UST and brownfield sites. (Total comprises 1,200 NPL and 480 non-NPL sites; 2,475 RCRA facilities;
370,000 LUST cleanups initiated or completed; and 1,500 brownfield properties).
Subobjective 50104: By 2005, EPA will have in place all Interagency Agreements (lAGs) at current Federal Facility National Priority List
(NPL) sites.
Project Description: Region III has numerous Department of Defense sites dating from pre-World War I to the present. Many of these sites
manufactured, stored, used or disposed of ammunition and other ordnance. Accordingly, many of these sites are contaminated with explosives
waste and require cleanup. This capability is specifically intended to assist states in the assessment and cleanup of abandoned explosives waste
dumps, mostly at these former or operational DOD sites.
Updated: .bnuary 3, 200 =
AvfKX'rkiiX t
-------
FY 2001 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year 2)
Subobjective
Goal /Action
Performance Measures
FTE
FTE
Funds
Funds
Collaborators
Projected
Expended
Projected
Expended
By 2002.
1. Explore various
1. Compare solid-phase
.3
$3,500
develop the
extraction techniques
extraction (SPE) with
capability to
salting out techniques for
detect and
aqueous extraction:
quantify
April 2001
nitroaromatic
and nitramine
2. Establish HPLC and
2. Complete Method
.3
$2,000
explosives in soil
LC/MS capability for
Detection Limit studies on
and water using
Methods 8330 and
all new instruments:
HPLC and
8332 on all new
May 2001
LC/MS
instruments
3. Finalize the SOP
3. Finalize the SOP
.3
3. OASQA
including peer review:
June 2001
-------
FY 2002 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year 3)
Subobjective
Goal/Act ion
Performance Measures
FTE
Projected
FTE
Expended
Funds
Projected
Funds
Expended
Collaborators
By 2002.
develop the
capability to
detect and
quantify
nitroaromatic
and nitramine
explosives in soil
and water using
HPLC and
LC/MS
4. Explore the
application to other
organic compounds of
concern not readily
separated by gas
chromatographic
methods
4. Consult with other
regions and develop a
work plan for new
analytes:
December 2001
.1
-------
WORK PLAN FOR ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY
Arsenic Speciation
Goal 2: Clean and Safe Water
Objective 201: By 2005, protect human health so that 95 percent of the population served by community water systems will receive water
that meets drinking water standards, consumption of contaminated fish and shellfish will be reduced, and exposure to microbial and other
forms of contamination in waters used for recreation will be reduced.
Subobjective 20105: By 2005, consumption of contaminated fish and shellfish will be reduced and the percentage of waters attaining the
designated uses protecting the consumption of fish and shellfish will increase.
Discussion: Some culture-groups consume substantially more seafood than current human exposure models accommodate. Existing analytical
methods for some pollutants do not achieve the detection limits or specificity required for credible risk assessments.
Regional Subobjective 20I05RI: To assess the potential contaminant exposures and risks from fish and shellfish consumption. Identify levels
of contaminants in fish and shellfish in the Pacific Northwest and Alaska. Project includes development of sampling and analytical methods,
completion of exposure analyses, evaluation of cumulative risk, and the conduct of case studies...
Project Description: Currently approved methods for the determination of arsenic do not distinguish among the several species of arsenic that
are typically present in the environment, but rather measure the total amount of arsenic present. The drawback to this approach is that the
different arsenic species have different levels of toxicity. Inorganic forms (As III and As V) are highly toxic, while organic forms (monomethyl
arsenic, dimethyl arsenic) are more benign. Seafood generally contains high levels of arsenic. However, designing a risk model based on the
total arsenic content is not practical because in many cases the arsenic is present in the less toxic organic forms. Region 10 has a particular
interest in establishing the arsenic levels and species in seafood because the per capita consumption of seafood in the region is higher than the
national average. In addition, some local populations may consume seafood of different varieties and from different sources than the norm.
For this reason, the Region 10 laboratory has been collaborating with NERL-Cincinnati to develop and implement extraction methods for
various seafoods, as well as an IC-ICP-MS technique which can determine the arsenic species in the extracts. When the methods are in place,
they will be used to analyze representative, locally obtained fish, shellfish and seaweed to provide data on which risk assessment models can be
based.
-------
FY 2000 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year I)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
Projected
FTE
Expended
Funds
Projected
Funds
Expended
Collaborators
By 2002, have in
operation in Region 10
and available for export
to other interested
laboratories, a method
for determining arsenic
species at trace levels in
fin fish and shellfish.
1. Develop a working
method for fin fish
1. Tailor NERL
procedures to
Manchester
equipment and
facility: September
2000
.015
1. NERL-
Cincinnati
-------
FY 2001 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year 2)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
FTE
Funds
Funds
Collaborators
Projected
Expended
Projected
Expended
By 2002, have in
2. Test the method
2. Analyze CRM to
.025
2. NERL -
operation in Region 10
insure method
Cincinnati,
and available for export
performs: October
Roseanne
to other interested
2000
Lorenzana •
laboratories, a method
Region 10
for determining arsenic
species at trace levels in
3. Adust the method
3. Optimize
.05
$400
fin fish and shellfish.
based on CRM
separation and
evaluation
measurement
parameters: January
2001
4. Determine precision
4. Analyze split
.3
and accuracy of fin fish
samples in
method
conjunction with
NERL- Cincinnati:
May 2001
5. Establish extraction
5. Modify fin fish
.05
5. NERL-
methods for shellfish
method for shellfish:
Cincinnati
September 2001
-------
WORK PLAN FOR ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY
Endocrine Disrupting Compound Analysis
Goal 5: Better Waste Management, Restoration of Contaminated Waste Sites, and Emergency Response
Objective 501: Reduce or Control Risks to Human Health
Sub-objective 50102: Respond to Superfund Hazardous Waste Sites
Project Description: The occurrence of potential endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) in the environment is of growing concern. An
important source of EDG is treated municipal and domestic wastewater. Municipal wastewater is a complex mixture of natural and synthetic
organic chemicals. These compounds include hormones, plasticizers and degradation products of nonionic surfactants. An important group of
nonionic surfactants are alkylphenol polyethoxylates (APEOs), which consist of an alkylphenol moiety with I - 100 ethylene oxides with most
cleaning products having 9-10 ethoxylate units. When APEO surfactants are discharged into the environment, they undergo biodegradation
during wastewater treatment to produce short chain APEOs (I - 4 EO units), alkylphenol ethoxycarboxylic acids (APEC) and alkylphenols.
The most common surfactant formulations use nonylphenol and octylphenol. Method validation studies are needed on the potential EDG in
water, soil and tissue matrices using existing analytical instruments, such as gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The target
compounds of interest for this work plan are bisphenol A, octylphenol, and isomers of nonylphenol (NP), nonylphenol monoethoxylate,
nonylphenol diethoxylate, and nonylphenol monoethoxy and diethoxy carboxylic acids.
-------
FY 2000 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year I)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
FTE
Funds
Funds
Collaborators
Projected
Expended
Projected
Expended
By 2002, implement
1. Establish best
1. Conditions established:
.05
.05
a validated method
instrument conditions
May 2000
for the extraction,
for detecting selected
cleanup and analysis
EDCs
of selected endocrine
disrupting
2. Apply developed
2. Started August 2000
.5
.7
$10,000
compounds in
SOPs to real-world
and will be ongoing.
various matrices by
samples
GC/MS. Begin
acute and chronic
3. Establish QA
3. Spiked lab blank soil
.2
.1
toxicity studies using
Criteria for
used to determine MDLs
pure EDCs
Soil/Sediment
and PSA: September
method
2000
-------
FY 2001 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year 2)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
Projected
FTE
Expended
Funds
Projected
Funds
Expended
Collaborators
By 2002, implement
a validated method
for the extraction,
cleanup and analysis
of selected endocrine
disrupting
compounds in
various matrices by
GC/MS. Begin
acute and chronic
toxicity studies using
pure EDCs.
4. Establish sources of
non commercially
available EDCs and
acquire standards
5. Establish QA Criteria
for water method
6.Develop SOP for
water and soil for EDG
7. Develop SOP and
QA criteria for NP
carboxylates in water
4. Standard synthesized,
characterized and
available:
November 2000
5. MDLs and PSA
established:
January 2001
6. SOP for water and
soil finalized:
March 2001
7. Repeat steps 1, 2, 4
& 5 - completed: June
2001
.05
.2
.1
.25
.05
.1
$46,000
4. Aldrich &
Cambridge
Isotope Lab,
Environment
Canada,
USGS, USDA
-------
FY 2002 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year3)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
FTE
Funds
Funds
Collaborators
Projected
Expended
Projected
Expended
By 2002, implement
8. Plan and perform
8. Begin toxicity studies:
.75
a validated method
toxicity studies
October 2001
for the extraction,
cleanup and analysis
9. Develop method
9. Repeat steps 1, 2, 4 S 5
.25
of selected endocrine
for large volume
- completed:
disrupting
water samples for
December 2001
compounds in
some EDCs
various matrices by
GC/MS. Begin
10. Develop method
10. Repeat steps 1, 2, 4 §
1.0
acute and chronic
for some EDCs in fish
5 - completed:
toxicity studies using
tissue
June 2002
pure EDCs.
-------
WORK PLAN FOR ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY
Fish Tissue Extraction, Clean Up and Analyses of Semi-Volatile Organic Compounds
Goal 2: Clean and Safe Water.
Objective 201: By 2005, protect human health so that 95 percent of the population served by community water systems will receive water
that meets drinking water standards, consumption of contaminated fish and shellfish will be reduced, and exposure to microbial and other
forms of contamination in waters used for recreation will be reduced.
Subobjective 20105: By 2005, consumption of contaminated fish and shellfish will be reduced and the percentage of waters attaining the
designated uses protecting the consumption of fish and shellfish will increase.
Description: Available EPA methods for extraction and clean up for the analyses of semi-volatile organic compounds do not meet regional
needs. Semi-volatile Organic compounds must be accurately measured to determine the total organic compound burden of fish and shellfish.
This information will allow better understanding of organic compound pathways in the aquatic environment and more accurate ecosystem and
human health risk assessments.
Regional Subobjective 20I05RI: To assess the potential contaminant exposures and risks from fish and shellfish consumption. Identify levels
of contaminants in fish and shellfish in the Pacific Northwest and Alaska. Project includes development of sampling and analytical methods,
completion of exposure analyses, evaluation of cumulative risk, and the conduct of case studies.
Project Description: Several semi-volatile organic compounds are of concern in the environment due to their toxicity. However, it is extremely
difficult to analyze many of these analytes in a tissue matrix because of the type and degree of interferences present. Most naturally occurring
interferences, including amines and fats, should be removed using extraordinary clean up techniques. Once free of matrix interferences, almost
organic targets are measurable at trace levels. In Region 10 with its many lakes and rivers as well as the Pacific Ocean and Puget Sound,
nearly all of which support fish and/or shellfish life, the ability to analyze organic compounds in tissue is a particular concern.
.»wt Updated: December I 2000
Appendix I
-------
FY 1998 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year I)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
Projected
FTE
Expended
Funds
Projected
Funds
Expended
Collaborators
By 3/30/01, complete
initial and follow up
experimental laboratory
work and prepare an
article for publication
describing the extraction
and clean up of tissue
extracts for analyses of
esoteric semi-volatile
organic compounds
1. Conduct literature
search
2. Identify
information needed to
complete project and
develop an
experimental plan
1. Complete literature
search by Feb 1,
1998
2. Finalize laboratory
experimental Plan by
March 3 1,1998
.1
.1
.1
.1
-------
FY 1999 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year 2}
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
FTE
Funds
Funds
Collaborators
Projected
Expended
Projected
Expended
By 3/30/01, complete
3. Conduct
3. Complete
.5
.5
initial and follow up
laboratory
laboratory work:
experimental laboratory
experiments using
December 31, 1998
work and prepare an
CRITFC fish samples
article for publication
describing the extraction
4. Review existing
4. Complete review
.1
.1
and clean up of tissue
experimental data
of experimental data:
extracts for analyses of
February 28, 1999
esoteric semi-volatile
organic compounds
5. Prepare draft of
5. Complete draft
.2
.2
article for publication
article: June 1, 1999
-------
FY 2000 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year 3)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
FTE
Funds
Funds
Collaborators
Projected
Expended
Projected
Expended
By 3/30/01, complete
6. Review existing
6. Complete review
.05
.05
initial and follow up
experimental data
by August 1 8, 2000
experimental laboratory
and previous
work and prepare an
publication draft
article for publication
describing the extraction
7. Update literature
7. Complete
.05
.05
and clean up of tissue
search
literature search by
extracts for analyses of
September 1 5, 2000
esoteric semi-volatile
organic compounds
-------
FY 2001 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year 4) ^
Subobjective
Goal/Act ion
Performance Measures
FTE
FTE
Funds
Funds
Collaborators
Projected
Expended
Projected
Expended
By 3/30/01, complete
8. Identify
8. Finalize
.05
.05
initial and follow up
information gaps and
laboratory
experimental laboratory
develop an
experimental Plan by
work and prepare an
experimental plan to
October 2, 2000
article for publication
supply this
describing the extraction
information
and clean up of tissue
extracts for analyses of
9. Conduct
9. Complete
.3
esoteric semi-volatile
laboratory
laboratory work by
organic compounds
experiments identified
February 28, 2001
in item 3 above
10. Prepare final
10. Submit article
.1
draft of article and
for publication by
submit to scientific
March 30, 2001
journal
-------
WORK PLAN FOR MINERALOGY
X-ray Diffractometry
Goal 5: Better Waste Management, Restoration of Contaminated Waste Sites, and Emergency Response
Objective 501: Reduce or Control Risks to Human Health - By 2005, EPA and its partners will reduce or control the risks to human health
and the environment at over 375,000 contaminated Superfund, RCRA, UST and brownfield sites. (Total comprises 1,200 NPL and 480 non-
NPL sites; 2,475 RCRA facilities; 370,000 LUST cleanups initiated or completed; and 1,500 brownfield properties).
Subobjective 50102: Respond to Superfund Hazardous Waste Sites - By 2005, EPA and its partners will reduce the risks that Superfund sites
pose to public health and the environment by: I) completing construction at a total of 1,200 National Priorities List (NPL) sites; 2) conducting
2,400 additional removal actions; 3) determining if Superfund cleanup is needed at 85% of the sites entered into the Superfund site data base
(CERCLIS); 4) maximizing Potentially Responsible Party participation in conducting/funding response actions; 5) meeting statutory deadlines
for Federal facility activities.
Goal 2: Clean and Safe Water
Objective 202: Conserve and Enhance Nation's Waters - By 2005, conserve and enhance the ecological health of the nation's (state,
interstate & Tribal) waters and aquatic ecosystems - rivers and streams, lakes, wetlands, estuaries, coastal areas, oceans, and ground waters-
so that 75% of waters support healthy aquatic communities.
Subobjective 20201: Restore and Protect Watersheds - By 2005, restore and protect watersheds so that 75% of waters support healthy
watersheds as shown by comprehensive assessment of the nation's watersheds.
Project Description: Knowing the mobility of metal-bearing contaminants in the environment is essential to identifying the public health and
environmental risks associated with a contaminated site. The particular compound in which a toxic metal occurs and the compounds which
make up the surrounding matrix are critical factors in assessing metal mobility. Regional laboratories are adept at identifying element specific
contamination in traditional environmental matrices. However, they are not good at evaluating the interaction of the compound the element
is in with the surrounding matrix. Compound identification is an important complement to chemical analysis for evaluating the mobility of
,*>f Updated: January I I» 2001
Appendix J
-------
metal-bearing contaminants in the environment and bioavailability of the element to organisms. A qualitative method of compound
identification by X-ray diffraction (XRD) has been developed and, coupled with chemical analysis, has been valuable in determining fate and
transport of compounds in the environment. This information is important to the selection of remedies at several Superfund sites and to the
assessment of water quality impacts from proposed or operating mineral resource facilities. Development of a quantitative XRD method would
improve the ability to characterize samples and predict metal mobility. Acquisition of an analytical scanning electron microscope with the
capability of chemical analysis by energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence (SEM/EDS) would allow imaging and chemical analysis of individual
particles in bulk specimens that were also analyzed for compound identification by XRD. Such a combination of tools would better allow
combined characterization of elemental content, compound identification, and morphological and chemical texture, all of which improve the
ability to predict the mobility of metals in the environment and improve remedy selection at contaminated sites.
-------
FY 2000 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year I)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
FTE
Funds
Funds
Collaborators
Projected
Expended
Projected
Expended
By 2002, have in
1. Acquire training in
1. Training
.15
.15
$600
$360
1.
Region 10 a capability
SEM/EDS analysis
completed at
travel
travel
NERL/RTP
to perform quantitative
NERL/RTP lab -
SEM/EDS
XRD analysis, and an
December 1999
laboratory
improved capability for
combined mineralogical,
2. Assemble a problem
2a. Abstract for
$350
$350
2a.
chemical, and textural
set of reference samples
paper on mine
material
material
Zabowski,
analysis.
analyzed internally by
waste:
University of
XRD, ICP, AA and
December 1999
Washington
externally by SEM/EDS
for purpose of
2b. EPA memo on
.3
.3
2b.
developing and
preliminary set of
NERL/RTP
demonstrating combined
analyses completed:
SEM/EDS
mineralogical /chem ical
January 2000
laboratory
analysis
-------
FY 2001 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year 2)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
RE
Funds
Funds
Collaborators
Projected
Expended
Projected
Expended
By 2002, have in
3. Acquire hardware for
3. Procure portable
.02
$45,000
3. Vendor,
Region 10 a capability
sequential XRD/XRF
XRF: May 2001
RIO Field
to perform
method development
Analytical
quantitative XRD
analysis, improve the
4. Develop sequential
4. Method
.1
4. RIO Field
capability for
XRD/XRF method
developed:
Analytical
combined
September 2001
Facility-Dodo
mineralogical,
chemical, and textural
5. Revise qualitative
5. XRD-QL revision
.2
5. NEIC
analysis, (continued)
XRD-QL method per
complete:
review
peer review
September 2001
6. Set-up remote
6. Remote
.05
6. NERL/RTP
SEM/EDS capability to
SEM/EDS capability
SEM/EDS
further develop
demonstrated:
laboratory
combined analysis
September 2001
7. Acquire training in
7. Rietveld training
.1
$4000
7.vendor
Rietveld method of
completed:
quantitative XRD
September 2001
.kj Urxiatcd:
Appendix J
-------
FY 2002 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year 3)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
FTE
Funds
Funds
Collaborators
Projected
Expended
Projected
Expended
By 2002, have in
8. Develop method for
8. Procedure sent for
.05
8. OEA-QA
Region 10 a capability
combined
review: Operators
unit, NEIC
to perform
XRD/XRF/SEM/EDJ
trained: February
quantitative XRD
analysis
2002
analysis, improve the
capability for
9. Develop quantitative
9. Draft XRD-QT
.2
combined
XRD-QT method
method - May 2002
mineralogical.
10. Acquire Scanning
chemical, and textural
10. Instrument
.1
$ 150,000
10. Vendor
analysis, (continued)
Electron Microscope
installation: May
2002
1 1. Acquire sample
1 1. Sample
.02
$3,000
1 1. Vendor
polishing and other
preparation
preparation materials
materials purchased:
May 2002
12. Acquire reference
12. Reference
.02
$3,000
1 2. Vendor
samples
samples purchased:
May 2002
13. Review and revision
13. Review and
.1
13. NEIC
of XRD-QT method
revision complete -
September 2002
-------
WORK PLAN FOR ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY
Primary Lead Intervention Research and Support
Goal 7: Americans' Right to Know About their Environment
Objective 701: By 2005, EPA will improve the ability of the American public to participate in the protection of human health and the
environment by increasing the quality and quantity of general environmental education, outreach and data availability programs especially in
disproportionally impacted and disadvantaged communities.
Subobjective 70102: By 2005, via the Internet and improved technology, the Agency will provide the public with increased access to
integrated, comprehensive environmental data.
Discussion: Over the past few decades, blood lead levels in children have declined dramatically. However, lead poisoning remains a serious
environmental health threat for children today. The legacy of lead-based paint and leaded gasoline will be with us for many years to come.
Without further action, large numbers of young children, particularly in older, urban neighborhoods, will continue to be exposed to lead in
amounts that could impair their ability to learn and reach their full potential.
Regional Strategic Objective* Healthy Communities 0102: To improve the environmental health of communities, particularly for children,
through enhanced Pb outreach and Education.
Project Description: Wide spread lead contamination in New England, with its prevalence of old homes and centuries-long history of lead-
based paint, is of particular concern. The Region I lab has used X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) to determine the levels of metals contamination in
residential soils. Based on elevated lead levels, a pilot project utilizing XRF and primary intervention measures has been established to reduce
risk to children from Pb contaminated residential soils. This pilot project has already lead to the initiation of several technical transfer projects
in other regions, an interagency funded research project to evaluate efficacy of low level yard intervention, and the development of a technical
handbook on the lead safe yard project. It is expected that with completion of the project, the Agency will have a practical template for
remediating contaminated residential soil sites.
-------
FY 1998-2000 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year I -3)
Subobjective
Goal /Action
Performance Measures
FTE
FTE
Funds
Funds
Collaborators
Projected
Expended
Projected
Expended
By 2002, develop a tested
1. Completed initial
1. Completed
1. Boston U,
comprehensive low cost
EMPACT Pilot Lead Safe
outreach, testing,
Bowdoin
template for evaluating
Yard Project at 25
mapping and primary
Street Health
and remediating Pb
residences in Bowdoin
intervention of Pb
Dept., Garden
contaminated residential
Street Community
contaminated
Futures
soils to reduce risk to inner
residential soils:
city children.
December 1998
2. Completed Tool Box
2. Available to public:
2. Boston U.
Fall 1999
3. Prepared and submitted
3. Two papers
3. Boston U.
technical papers to
submitted for
professional journal
publication in Journal
of Urban Health, New
York Academy of
Medicine:
January 2000.
4. Completed Phase II Pilot
4. Completed
4. Boston U .,
Lead Safe Yard Project at
outreach, testing,
DGL,
20 residences in Bowdoin
mapping, and primary
Bowdoin
Street Community
intervention of Pb
Street Health
contaminated
Dept.
residential soils:
May 2000
-------
FY 2001 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year 4)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
Projected
FTE
Expended
Funds
Projected
Funds
Expended
Collaborators
By 2002, develop a tested,
5. Publish handbook
5. Handbook available
.05
.9
SI80K
$ 160K
5. ORD
comprehensive, low cost
"Lead Safe Yards -
to public:
template for evaluating
Developing and
CDROM/hardcopy -
and remediating Pb
Implementing a
April 2001
contaminated residential
Monitoring. Assessment
Rl Web page: March
soils to reduce risk to inner
and Outreach Program for
2001
city children.
Your Community"
6. Complete Phase III
6. Signed construction
.1
.1
$ 175K
5I30K
6. Boston U.,
EM PACT. Finish two Phase
forms from 20
DSNI, DGL
II properties (DGL)
properties: June 2001
7. Complete data
7. All dust, soil and
.2
.03
S1 OK
$5K
7. Natl Center
collection for efficacy
wipe data for 54
for Pb Safe
study.
properties collected:
December 2001
Housing,
HUD
8. Provide technical
8. Training for
.05
8. Region 2
assistance to new projects.
Providence, Rl and
Syracuse, NY project
teams completed:
June 2001
and Syracuse
Team,
Providence
Team
9. Submit RARE proposal
9. Complete and
.01
9. ORD
to Regional Science
submit RARE proposal
/NERL-
Council
for garden soil study:
January 2001
Cincinnati,
Food Project
-------
FY 2002 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year 5)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
FTE
Funds
Funds
Collaborators
Projected
Expended
Projected
Expended
By 2002, develop a
10. Complete low level
10. Final report
.2
.2
$ 1 80K
$ 180K
10. National
tested comprehensive
intervention research
drafted:
Center for
low cost template for
study
February 2002
Pb Safe
evaluating and
Housing,
remediating Pb
HUD
contaminated residential
soils to reduce risk to
1 1. Continue support for
1 1. Projects running
.05
.05
$ I0K
$ 1 OK
1 1. Region 2
inner city children.
technical transfer
smoothly
and Syracuse
projects
Team,
Providence
Team
12. ORD
12. Initiate RARE study
1 2. Study begins:
.2
$ 125K
/NERL-
(if awarded)
Cincinnati,
Food Project
Appendix K
-------
WORK PLAN FOR ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY
Passive Vapor Diffusion Monitoring
Goal 5: Better Waste Management, Restoration of Contaminated Waste Sites, and Emergency Response
Objective 501: By 2005, EPA and its partners will reduce or control the risk to human health and the environment at contaminated
Superfund, RCRA, UST and Brownfield sites.
Subobjective 50102: By 2005, EPA and its partners will reduce the risks that Superfund sites pose to the public.
Discussion: Many water bodies in New England are impacted by volatile organic contaminated groundwater intrusions. To determine the
health and ecological impacts of these intrusions, it is important to locate fracture zones that transport groundwater contaminated with
volatile organic compounds into surface water, delineate the extent of contamination, and define concentration gradients within the
contamination plume. To help define these transport zones, EPA-NE and USGS have developed and employed passive vapor diffusion samplers.
Regional Strategic Objective 0501/03: Complete Superfund NPL and removal cleanups using efficient cost effective monitoring and
assessment tools.
Project Description: Passive vapor diffusion monitors provide a low cost simple technique to locate volatile organic plume discharges into
rivers, lakes, water supplies, and tidal areas in New England. Passive vapor diffusion samplers consist of an uncapped VOA vial located inside
a polyethylene bag, and operate on the principal that volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the groundwater/surface water interface will
partition and diffuse through the semipermeable membrane (polyethylene bag) until concentrations in the air inside the vapor diffusion
samplers reach equilibrium with concentrations of VOG in the environment outside the sampler. Samplers are placed into the water body
bottom sediment about 6-12 inches deep, with the VOA vial mouth pointed down, and left to equilibrate over a one to two week time period.
Samplers can then be retrieved, capped, and rapidly analyzed using gas chromatography. Typically 100-200 diffusion samplers are placed
in the study area to get a clear picture of where contamination plumes are located. Placement can be done by statistically gridding the area or
by probing the sediments to find temperature variation that indicate ground water up-welling.
-------
FY 2001 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year I)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
Projected
FTE
Expended
Funds
Projected
Funds
Expended
Collaborators
During calendar year
1. Develop Vapor
1. SOP for Vapor
0.1
0.1
N/A
N/A
1. USGS,
2001, develop SOP for
Diffusion Sampling
Diffusion Sampling
Gannett
vapor diffusion sampling
capability
completed:
Fleming
and complete vapor
March 2001
diffusion sampling at 2
major superfund sites
2. Establish
2. Data packages
0.3
0.2
$1 5-20k
S 5k
2. USGS
within New England.
project/sampling plans
and GIS maps
Provide technical
for proposed superfund
completed for two
assistance to site
sites.
sampling programs:
managers and hydro-
Spring/Summer
geologist implementing
2001
remedial investigations.
3. Technical Assistance.
3. Offer training to
other NE state
agencies and tribes
through Superfund
Office, run trial
presentation with
OSCs:
September 2001
0.05
0.02
$5-10k
$ 1 k
3. USGS,
OSRR
Lasl luxated: January 9. .200:
i
-------
FY 2002 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year 2)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
Projected
FTE
Expended
Funds
Projected
Funds
Expended
Collaborators
During calendar year
2001, develop SOP for
vapor diffusion sampling
and complete vapor
diffusion sampling at 2
major superfund sites
within New England.
Provide technical
assistance to site
managers and hydro-
geologist implementing
remedial investigations
4. Establish a definitive
relationship between
vapor concentration in
samples and actual pore
water concentrations,
over varying
temperatures.
5. Coauthor technical
paper with USGS. Draft
title of paper
"Compilation of Field
Testing of Polyethylene-
Membrane Samplers for
Characterization of
VOAs in Sediments"
4. Establish
relationships
through laboratory
experimentation:
October 2001
5. Publish Joint
USGS/USEPA
Investigations
Report: December
2001
5. USGS
-------
WORK PLAN FOR MICROBIOLOGY
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Goal 2: Clean and Safe Water
Objective 01: By 2005, protect human health so that 95% of the population served by community water systems will receive water that
meets drinking water standards, consumption of contaminated fish and shellfish will be reduced, and exposure to microbial and other forms of
contamination in waters used for recreation will be reduced.
Subobjective 07: By 2003 provide a stronger scientific basis for future implementation of the Safe Drinking Water Act.
Regional Objective ROI: Center of Applied Science - Microbiology - Develop analytical methods that allow the accurate identification and
quantification of microbial contaminants.
Description: Current methods for the detection of microbial contaminants in drinking water, where they exist at all, are inefficient and difficult
to perform. To adequately protect public health, new methods are needed to insure that microbial contaminants can be easily identified and
quantified.
Regional Subobjective ROI 01: By 2002, Develop polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as an analytical tool for the detection of microbial
contaminants in drinking water.
Description: Current techniques for the detection of protozoan parasites require several steps, each of which decreases the recovery efficiency
of the analytical process. PCR is based on enzymatic amplification of detectable levels of target nucleic acid sequences that may be present in
the environment in low numbers. By reducing the number of steps necessary to process the sample and employing a technique that can
identify minute amounts of DNA within the sample, our ability to detect target organisms in environmental samples should markedly improve.
Further, PCR coupled with ribotyping and other genetic fingerprinting techniques has the capability for high sensitivity detection and
differentiation of specific species and strains of both bacterial indicators and viruses in the water environment. In addition to the collaborating
laboratories mentioned within, work would be coordinated with the Office of Research and Development and the Office of Water where
appropriate.
-------
FY 1999 PERFORMANCE PLAN
ROIOI (YEAR I)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
FTE
Funds
Funds
Collaborators
Projected
Expended
Projected
Expended
By 2002, have in
1. Establish clean room
1. Established:
.25
$25,000
$16,500
operation in Region 10
and amplification areas
December 1998
and available for export
to other interested
2. Evaluate current
2. Evaluation
.5
$10,000
2. US FDA
laboratories PCR
Cycbspora
complete: June
Lab, Bothell,
methods for the
cayetanensis PCR
1999
WA; U of
detection of several
methodologies and their
(Completed August
Arizona,
drinking water
applicability to the
1999)
Tucson
microbial contaminants
drinking water matrix
such as Cycbspora
cayetanensis,
Cryptosporidium
parvum, Microsporidia,
Toxoplasma gonii and
Giardia famblia
-------
FY 2001 PERFORMANCE PLAN
ROIOI (YEAR 2)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
FTE
Funds
Funds
Collaborators
Projected
Expended
Projected
Expended
By 2002, have in
3. Modify "best use"
3. Surrogate method
.2
$5,000
operation in Region
method to achieve
using Eimeria tenella
to
10 and available for
highest recovery
available for reagent
10,000
export to other
efficiency in reagent
waters:
interested
water
February 2001
laboratories PCR
methods for the
detection of several
4. Test the method
4. Round robin
.25
$10,000
4. US FDA;
drinking water
testing using
U of Arizona;
microbial
surrogate reagent
8-10 round
contaminants such as
water complete;
robin labs (fed,
Cycbspora
report sent to
state, utility S
cayetanensis,
participants:
private)
Cryptosporidium
April 2001
parvum,
Microsporidia,
5. Modify method for
5. Method for
.2
$5,000
Toxoplasma gonii and
recovery of Cycbspora
Cycbspora available
to
Giardia lamblia
cayetanensis
for reagent waters:
10,000
June 2001
6. Round robin testing
6. Round robin
.2
$10,000
6. US FDA;
using modified method
testing complete;
U of Arizona;
report sent to
8-10 round
participants:
robin labs (fed,
September 2001
state, utility &
private)
-------
FY 2002 PERFORMANCE PLAN
ROIOI (YEARS)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
FTE
Funds
Funds
Collaborators
Projected
Expended
Projected
Expended
By 2002, have in
7. Publication of
7. Method sent to
.1
7. Method
operation in Region 10
method
NTIS or EPA for
sent to NTIS
and available for export
publication:
or EPA for
to other interested
December 2001
publication.
laboratories PCR
methods for the
8. Test and optimize
8. Optimization
.1
$10,000
8. Round
detection of several
method performance
complete, method
robin labs
drinking water microbial
for finished drinking
available for finished
contaminants such as
waters.
waters: April 2002
Cyc/ospora
Round robin testing
cayetanensis,
Cryptosporidium
9. Test and optimize
9. Optimization
.2
$10,000
9. Round
parvum, Microsporidia,
method performance
complete, method
robin labs
Toxoplasma gonii and
for source waters.
available for source
Giardia lamblia
Round robin testing
waters: June 2002
-------
FY 2003 PERFORMANCE PLAN
ROIOI (YEAR4)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance
FTE
FTE
Funds
Funds
Collaborators
Measures
Projected
Expended
Projected
Expended
By 2002, have in
10. Evaluate and
10. Collection
.5
$40,000
10. Other
operation in Region 10
incorporate new or
techniques
to
interested
and available for export
established techniques of
evaluation complete,
$50,000
and qualified
to other interested
collection into the
report distributed to
laboratories.
laboratories PCR
method. Vortex flow
participating
methods for the
filtration, continuous
laboratories:
detection of several
gradient centrifugation
drinking water
and flow cytometry are
microbial contaminants
among those that will be
such as Cycbspora
examined
cayetanensis,
Cryptosporidium
1 1. Evaluate and
1 1. Separation
.5
$40,000
1 1. Other
parvum, Microsporidia,
incorporate new or
techniques
to
interested
Toxoplasma gonii and
established techniques of
evaluation complete
$50,000
and qualified
Giardia lamblia
separation into the
method.
Immunomagnetic
separation and flow
cytometry with stains
are among those that
will be examined
report distributed to
participating
laboratories:
laboratories
Appends •< M
-------
FY 2004 PERFORMANCE PLAN
ROIOI (YEAR 5)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
FTE
Funds
Funds
Collaborators
Projected
Expended
Projected
Expended
By 2002, have in
12. Incorporate
1 2. Method
.5
12. Other
operation in Region 10
detection for other
modified for the
interested
and available for export
pathogenic organisms
detection of multiple
and qualified
to other interested
into PCR methodology.
organisms,
laboratories
laboratories PCR
Evaluate
distributed to
methods for the
Cryptosporidium
laboratories
detection of several
parvum, Toxoplasma
participating in the
drinking water microbial
gondii, Giardia lamblia
round robin:
contaminants such as
and Microsporidia for
Cydospora
applicability to the
cayetanensis,
method
Cryptosporidium
parvum, Microsporidia,
IB. Conduct round
13. Round robin
.5
1 3. Other
Toxoplasma gonii and
robin testing of the
testing complete and
interested
Giardia lamblia
method
report sent to
and qualified
participating
laboratories
laboratories:
14. Publication of
14. Method sent to
.2
14. Method
method
NTIS or EPA for
sent to NTIS
publication:
or EPA for
publication
<55? Updated: January JOOi
Appendix M
-------
FY 2005 PERFORMANCE PLAN
ROIOI (YEAR6)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
Projected
FTE
Expended
Funds
Projected
Funds
Expended
Collaborators
By 2002, have in
operation in Region 10
and available for export
to other interested
laboratories PCR
methods for the
detection of several
drinking water microbial
contaminants such as
Cycbspora
cayetanensis,
Cryptosporidium
parvum, Microsporidia,
Toxoplasma gonii and
Giardia lamblia
15. Using micro or
nano-filtration, evaluate
the use of PCR for
detecting enteroviruses
and bacterial pathogens
1 5. Report on
utility of method for
detecting
enteroviruses and
bacterial pathogens:
.5
1 5. Other
interested
and qualified
laboratories
-------
WORK PLAN FOR MICROBIOLOGY
Giardia and Cryptosporidium
Goal 2: Clean and Safe Water
Objective 01: By 2005, protect human health so that 95% of the population served by community water systems will receive water that
meets drinking water standards, consumption of contaminated fish and shellfish will be reduced, and exposure to microbial and other forms of
contamination in waters used for recreation will be reduced.
Subobjective 07: By 2003 provide a stronger scientific basis for future implementation of the Safe Drinking Water Act.
Regional Objective ROI: Center of Applied Science - Microbiology • Develop analytical methods that allow the accurate identification and
quantification of microbial contaminants.
Description: Current methods for the detection of microbial contaminants in water and drinking water, where they exist at all, are inefficient
and difficult to perform. To adequately protect public health, new methods are needed to insure that microbial contaminants can be easily
identified and quantified.
Regional Subobjective R020I: During FY99, Implement EPA Method 1623: Cryptosporidiumparvum, and Giardia lamblia Testing in Water
by Filtration Immuno-Magnetic Staining, Fluorescent Antibody Analysis to Support EPA's Surface Water Treatment Rule.
Description: EPA Region 2 plans to conduct a surveillance monitoring program, including analysis of the pathogens Giardia and
Cryptosporidium, to document New York City's continued compliance with the avoidance criteria of the EPA's Surface Water Treatment Rule
(SWTR), in the source water from the Catskill/Delaware reservoir system and the New York City's distribution system.
-------
FY 1999 PERFORMANCE PLAN
R020I (YEAR I)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
FTE
Funds
Funds
Collaborators
Projected
Expended
Projected
Expended
By FY 2000,
1. Establish instrument
1. Fluorescent DIC
.1
$60,000
implement Method
capability for
microscope with
1623 for the
Cryptosporidium/Giardi
imaging system
analysis of the
a detection
acquired:
pathogens Giardia
April 1999
and
Cryptosporidium
2. Training of personnel
2. Training of
.1
$500
2. NYCDE
and monitor
personnel and
selected drinking
observation of NYCDE
water systems
completed:
April 1999
3. Finish writing SOPs,
3. SOPs completed,
.1
Run through method
analyze blanks and
using blanks and spiked
spiked samples,
samples and perform
perform method on
method on actual
environmental
samples from the
samples: May 1999
Kensico Reservoir
4. Perform routine
4. Monitor the
0.25
monitoring of Kenisco
reservoir: monthly
Reservoir
-------
FY 2000 PERFORMANCE PLAN
R020I (YEAR 2)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
Projected
FTE
Expended
Funds
Projected
Funds
Expended
Collaborators
By FY 2000,
5. Demonstrate
5. Initial
.1
implement Method
proficiency in Method
Demonstration of
1623 for the
1623
Proficiency completed:
analysis of the
October 1999
pathogens Giardia
and
6. Enroll in the Method
6. Enrolled:
<.l
Cryptosporidium
1623 Certification
November 1999
and monitor selected
Program
drinking water
systems
7. Monitor
Catskill/Del aware
Reservoir system and the
NYC Distribution System
for public health
7. Monitor
throughout FY2000:
Monthly
.25
-------
WORK PLAN FOR ANALYTICAL POLLUTION PREVENTION
Abbreviated Microwave Extraction
Goal 4: Preventing Pollution and Reducing Risk in Communities, Homes, Workplaces and Ecosystems
Objective 05: By 2005, reduce by 25% (from 1992 levels) the quantity of toxic pollutants release, disposed of, treated, or combusted for
energy recovery. Half of this reduction will be achieved through pollution prevention practices.
Subobjective 01: By 2005 EPA will achieve adoption of P2 principles as the basis for sustainable development by: increasing the integration
of P2 into state environmental regulatory and other mainstream environmental programs; facilitation practices that advance eco-efficiency in
business practices and decision making; increasing the adoption of prevention concepts to educate the public and the nation's students;
expanding the use of environmentally preferable products by the federal government to stimulate demand and production capacity in the
private sector for products which minimize environmental impact; integrating P2 into EPA's regulatory, enforcement and compliance
programs; and providing information to states, businesses and other consumers to assist them in making prevention oriented decisions.
Description: Laboratory waste is generated as a result of chemical reagents added to the sample in the analytical process and residue from the
sample itself. Of particular concern is organic waste produced in the extraction phase where the compounds of interest are removed from the
initial sample. This waste is often hazardous with an attendant threat of exposure to the analyst. Exposure and disposal of this waste is of
concern to the facility and the public in general as to current and future health concerns this may cause. The regional laboratory is exploring
new methods and instrumentation that reduce or eliminate the quantity or toxicity of waste in the extraction phase. Other benefits of these
new techniques include automation and productivity increases. With these new techniques extractions may be performed in minutes instead of
days. In some cases sample volume is reduced by a factor of 100, which improves safety and ease of shipment. The cost benefits are also
notable through reduction in labor costs, reagent cost, and equipment needs due to scaling of extractions.
Abbreviated microwave extraction will reduce solvent usage by reducing or eliminating the concentration step in current extraction
procedures. The ultimate goal of this project is complete acceptance of the technique as equivalent to currently accepted practices.
3$t uDdi-uxf
-------
FY 1999 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(YEAR I)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
Projected
FTE
Expended
Funds
Projected
Funds
Expended
Collaborators
Have in operation
in Region 6 and
available for export
to other interested
laboratories an
abbreviated
microwave
extraction
technique.
1. Continue evaluation
of AMAE vs. other soil
methods.
2. Write paper outlining
method used for AMAE.
1. Present comparison
studies at LTIG:
April 1999
2. Present new study
at WTQA:
July 1999
.2
.1
.2
.1
$1500
$1500
1. CEM
Corporation
-------
FY 2001 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year i)
Subobjective
Goal /Action
Performance Measures
FTE
Projected
FTE
Expended
Funds
Projected
Funds
Expended
Collaborators
Have in operation in
Region 6 and
available for export
to other interested
laboratories and
abbreviated
microwave extraction
technique.
3. Purchase equipment
for AMAE (newer
model).
4. Learn and evaluate
the new design
3. Equipment installed:
October 2000
4. None
.2
$25,000
$20,818
microwave
5. Finalize the method
5. Final method
available for review:
September 2001
-------
FY 2002 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year 4)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
RE
Projected
FTE
Expended
Funds
Projected
Funds
Expended
Collaborators
Have in operation in
Region 6 and
available for export
to other interested
laboratories and
abbreviated
microwave extraction
technique.
6. Submit method as a
modification or as a new
method
7. Test the method
6. Method accepted
by RCRA Workgroup
for evaluation:
July/August 2002
Meeting
7. Round robin
testing initiated:
September 2002
.2
.1
6. RCRA
Workgroup
7. Other
interested and
qualified labs
-------
FY 2003 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year 5)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
Projected
FTE
Expended
Funds
Projected
Funds
Expended
Collaborators
Have in operation in
Region 6 and
available for export
to other interested
laboratories and
abbreviated
microwave extraction
technique.
8. Round robin testing
completed
9. Make method
available to the
laboratory community
8. Final report
prepared: During
2003
9. Paper submitted
for publication:
During 2003
.1
.1
8. Other
interested and
qualified labs
-------
WORK PLAN FOR ANALYTICAL POLLUTION PREVENTION
Micro-Extractions with Large Volume Injection
Goal 4: Preventing Pollution and Reducing Risk in Communities, Homes, Workplaces and Ecosystems
Objective 05: By 2005, reduce by 25% (from 1992 levels) the quantity of toxic pollutants release, disposed of, treated, or combusted for
energy recovery. Half of this reduction will be achieved through pollution prevention practices.
Subobjective 01: By 2005 EPA will achieve adoption of P2 principles as the basis for sustainable development by: increasing the integration
of P2 into state environmental regulatory and other mainstream environmental programs; facilitation practices that advance eco-efficiency in
business practices and decision making; increasing the adoption of prevention concepts to educate the public and the nation's students;
expanding the use of environmentally preferable products by the federal government to stimulate demand and production capacity in the
private sector for products which minimize environmental impact; integrating P2 into EPA's regulatory, enforcement and compliance
programs; and providing information to states, businesses and other consumers to assist them in making prevention oriented decisions.
Description: Laboratory waste is generated as a result of chemical reagents added to the sample in the analytical process and residue from the
sample itself. Of particular concern is organic waste produced in the extraction phase where the compounds of interest are removed from the
initial sample. This waste is often hazardous with an attendant threat of exposure to the analyst. Exposure and disposal of this waste is of
concern to the facility and the public in general as to current and future health concerns this may cause. The regional laboratory is exploring
new methods and instrumentation that reduce or eliminate the quantity or toxicity of waste in the extraction phase. Other benefits of these
new techniques include automation and productivity increases. With these new techniques extractions may be performed in minutes instead of
days. In some cases sample volume is reduced by a factor of 100, which improves safety and ease of shipment. The cost benefits are also
notable through reduction in labor costs, reagent cost, and equipment needs due to scaling of extractions.
Application of micro-extraction techniques coupled with large volume injection to GC/MS will reduce sample size requirements and trim the
volume of solvent needed for analysis. Another potential application of this technique is the direct injection of water samples into an analytical
instrument eliminating laboratory generated hazardous waste. The goal of this effort is complete acceptance of this technique as equivalent to
current practices and a viable alternative to less environmentally-friendly environmental methods.
-------
FY 1999 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(YEAR 3)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
Projected
FTE
Expended
Funds
Projected
Funds
Expended
Collaborators
Have in operation
in Region 6 and
available for export
to other interested
laboratories a
technique for
micro-extraction
coupled with large
volume injection
(LVI) for GC/MS
analysis
1. Continue evaluation
of LVI techniques (PTV
and pre-column)
1. Evaluation of HP
autosampler complete:
September 1999
.1
1. HP Inc;
Gerstel, Inc
La:*! undaU'd: DvwSer t\ 2000
Appendix Y
-------
FY 2000 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year 4)
Subobjective
Goal /Action
Performance Measures
FTE
FTE
Funds
Funds
Collaborators
Projected
Expended
Projected
Expended
Have in operation
2. Acquire COC-SVE
2. COC-SVE equipment
$3000
$3000
in Region 6 and
equipment
purchased and
available for export
installed: November
to other interested
1999
laboratories a
technique for
3. Learn and evaluate
3. Evaluation
..05
.05
3. Agilent
micro-extraction
COC-SVE techniques
complete: March 2000
coupled with large
volume injection
4. Evaluate and
4. Report comparing
.15
.15
4. Agilent,
(LVI) for GC/MS
compare LVI techniques
LVI techniques
Gerstel, Apex
analysis
completed and
presented at PITTCON:
March 2000
5. Evaluate ATAS
5. Purchase, install and
.05
.05
$15,000
$15,000
5. ATAS
Optic II LVI
evaluate ATAS LVI:
August 2000
6. Evaluate JAS UNIS
6. Purchase, install and
.05
.05
$3,000
$3,015
6. JAS
LVI
evaluate JAS LVI:
August 2000
7. Evaluate Apex
7. Purchase, install and
.03
.03
$3,000
$3,505
7. Apex
ProSep XT upgrate
evaluate Apex XT
upgrade: August 2000
8. Compare LVI
8. Report prepared and
.015
.015
techniques
presented at WTQA:
August 2000
-------
FY 2001 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year 5)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
FTE
Funds
Funds
Collaborators
Projected
Expended
Projected
Expended
Have in operation
9. Acquire automated
9. Purchase and install
$25,000
$20,608
9. Varian
in Region 6 and
solid phase extraction
automated SPE
available for export
(SPE) equipment
equipment: November
to other interested
2000
laboratories a
technique for
10. Evaluate micro-
10. Report on
.1
micro-extraction
extraction techniques
comparison of micro-
coupled with large
extraction techniques
volume injection
completed: September
(LVI)for GC/MS
2001
analysis
1 1. Evaluation shared
1 1. Paper submitted
.1
with laboratory
for presentation at
community
Pittcon:
September 2001
Ml. u}\ined: Dtvtw&er (\ 2000
Appendix F
-------
FY 2002 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year 6)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
RE
FTE
Funds
Funds
Collaborators
Projected
Expended
Projected
Expended
Have in operation
12. Combine best micro-
1 2. Draft complete:
.02
in Region 6 and
extraction methods and
March 2002
available for export
best LVI techniques into
to other interested
a single method (ME-LVI)
laboratories a
technique for
13. Share findings with
13. Present paper
.05
micro-extraction
the laboratory
describing the new
coupled with large
community
method at PITTCON
volume injection
2002: March 2002
(LVI) for GC/MS
analysis
14. Evaluate the new
14. Prepare and
.15
ME-LVI method by
present a report at
comparison to standard
WTQA Conference:
techniques
August 2002
-------
FY 2003 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year 7)
Subobjective
FY02 Goal/Action
FY02 Performance
FTE
FTE
Funds
Funds
Collaborators
Measures
Projected
Expended
Projected
Expended
Have in operation
1 5. Optimize the
1 5. Based on method
.05
in Region 6 and
method
usage and feedback
available for export
from conference
to other interested
participants, make
laboratories a
final modifications to
technique for
the method: August
micro-extraction
2003
coupled with large
volume injection
1 6. Make the method
16. Submit the
(LVI)for GC/MS
available to the
method for inclusion in
analysis
environmental testing
SW-846: August
community
2003
17. Test the method
1 7. Perform round
1 7. Interested
robin testing of the
and qualified
method: September
laboratories
2003
.a*t updated: December 6, 2000
-------
FY 2004 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year 8)
Subobjective
FY02 Goal/Action
FY02 Performance
Measures
FTE
Projected
FTE
Expended
Funds
Projected
Funds
Expended
Collaborators
Have in operation
in Region 6 and
available for export
to other interested
laboratories a
technique for
micro-extraction
coupled with large
volume injection
(LVI)for GC/MS
analysis
18. Method accepted
18. Accepted for
publication in
SW-846:
-------
WORK PLAN FOR ANALYTICAL POLLUTION PREVENTION
Solventless Extraction Techniques
Goal 04: Preventing Pollution and Reducing Risk in Communities, Homes, Workplaces and Ecosystems
Objective 05: By 2005, reduce by 25% (from 1992 levels) the quantity of toxic pollutants release, disposed of, treated, or combusted for
energy recovery. Half of this reduction will be achieved through pollution prevention practices.
Subobjective 01: By 2005 EPA will achieve adoption of P2 principles as the basis for sustainable development by: increasing the integration
of P2 into state environmental regulatory and other mainstream environmental programs; facilitation practices that advance eco-efficiency in
business practices and decision making; increasing the adoption of prevention concepts to educate the public and the nation's students;
expanding the use of environmentally preferable products by the federal government to stimulate demand and production capacity in the
private sector for products which minimize environmental impact; integrating P2 into EPA's regulatory, enforcement and compliance
programs; and providing information to states, businesses and other consumers to assist them in making prevention oriented decisions.
Description: Laboratory waste is generated as a result of chemical reagents added to the sample in the analytical process and residue from the
sample itself. Of particular concern is organic waste produced in the extraction phase where the compounds of interest are removed from the
initial sample. This waste is often hazardous with an attendant threat of exposure to the analyst. Exposure and disposal of this waste is of
concern to the facility and the public in general as to current and future health concerns this may cause. The regional laboratory is exploring
new methods and instrumentation that reduce or eliminate the quantity or toxicity of waste in the extraction phase. These pollution
prevention benefits are stated as agency goals under the Government Performance Results Act (GPRA). Other benefits of these new techniques
include automation and productivity increases. With these new techniques extractions may be performed in minutes instead of days. In some
cases sample volume is reduced by a factor of 100, which improves safety and ease of shipment. The cost benefits are also notable through
reduction in labor costs, reagent cost, and equipment needs due to scaling of extractions.
This effort intends to completely eliminate the use of hazardous solvent in organic extraction. The project currently focuses on the use of
phase-coated materials to extract analytes from liquid media and then transfer them into a chromatographic system via thermal desorption.
Future projects may include direct thermal desorption of solids and direct injection of liquids.
^si updated: 6- 2000
Appendix 0
-------
FY 2000 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(YEAR I)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
Projected
FTE
Expended
Funds
Projected
Funds
Expended
Collaborators
Have in operation in
Region 6 and
available for export
to other interested
laboratories
extraction techniques
that would eliminate
the use of solvent
1. Acquire a Gerstel
Desportion unit
1. Gerstel
Desorportion unit
purchased and
installed:
December 1 999
$14,000
$13,669
upfhted:
\><:t
Appendsx u
-------
FY 2001 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year 2)
Subobjective
Goal /Action
Performance Measures
FTE
Projected
FTE
Expended
Funds
Projected
Funds
Expended
Collaborators
Have in operation in
Region 6 and
available for export
to other interested
laboratories
extraction techniques
that would eliminate
the use of solvent
2. Evaluate Hot Water
Extraction technique
3. Evaluate Gerstel
Solventless extraction
2. Hot Water
Extraction evaluation
report complete:
September 2001
3. Paper on results
submitted to
PITTCON:
September 2001
.05
.1
2. Los Alamos
National
Laboratory
3. Gerstel Inc.
-------
FY 2002 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year 3)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
Projected
FTE
Expended
Funds
Projected
Funds
Expended
Collaborators
Have in operation in
Region 6 and
available for export
to other interested
laboratories
extraction techniques
that would eliminate
the use of solvent
4. Evaluation of water
matrix complete
4. Paper presented at
Pittcon:
March 2002
.1
-------
FY 2003 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year 4)
Subobjective
Goal /Action
Performance Measures
FTE
Projected
FTE
Expended
Funds
Projected
Funds
Expended
Collaborators
Have in operation in
Region 6 and
available for export
to other interested
laboratories
extraction techniques
that would eliminate
the use of solvent
5. Investigate solventless
extractions in other
matrices
6. Initiation of formal
acceptance of method
5. Investigation
complete. Paper
accepted at Pittcon:
March 2003
6. Method submitted
to SW-846 organics
workgroup for review:
August 2003
.1
.02
6. RCRA
Organic
methods work
group
UsXi.'i:^!' UCXC'MWT O- AW
Appendix 0
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FY 2004 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year 5)
Subcbjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
Projected
FTE
Expended
Funds
Projected
Funds
Expended
Collaborators
Have in operation
in Region 6 and
available for export
to other interested
laboratories
extraction
techniques that
would eliminate the
use of solvent
7. Test the method
8. Method accepted for
publication in 5W-846
7. Round robin testing
complete, report
generated: June 2004
8. Method published
in SW-S46:
September 2004
7. Other
interested and
qualified
laboratories
uvib: cd: Osczmbet o- }000
s=di
X' S.-9S
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WORK PLAN FOR AIR MONITORING
Polar Hydrocarbon Compounds
Goal I: Clean Air
Objective 102: By 2010, reduce air toxic emissions by 7 5 percent from 1993 levels to significantly reduce the risk to Americans of cancer
and other serious adverse health effects caused by airborne toxics.
Subobjective 10202: By 2010, develop improved air toxics information (i.e., monitoring networks, inventories) to support the quantitative
evaluation, characterization, and tracking of risk-based indicators.
Regional Subobjective R020I: By 2001, develop an ambient air method to characterize >80% of the volatile organics typically found in
ambient air samples.
ProjectDescription: Current techniques for ambient air analysis do not provide a complete characterization of the sample. This is because I)
The target list for the existing methods (PAMS and TO-14/15) share little overlap, and therefore analysis is incomplete, and 2) Polar
hydrocarbons, which typically make up 30% of the volatile organics in ambient air, are not reported by either the PAMS or TO-14/15
methods. By developing a new method, >80% of the organics in ambient air can be identified and quantified, thus providing accurate and
complete ambient air analyses for use in environmental compliance, trends analysis, modeling, and risk assessment.
-------
FY 2001 PERFORMANCE PLAN
R0I02(YEAR I)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
Projected
FTE
Expended
Funds
Projected
Funds
Expended
Collaborators
By 200 f, develop an
analytical method for
characterizing polar
Hydrocarbon
compounds in ambient
air samples
1. Acquire standards
2. Develop the
analytical method
1. Purchase standards:
January 2001
2. 50Ps and QA plan
completed:
August 2001
.05
.2
$2000
$1000
-------
FY 2002 PERFORMANCE PLAN
R0I02 (YEAR 2)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
FTE
Funds
Funds
Collaborators
Projected
Expended
Projected
Expended
By 2001, develop an
i. Test the method on
3. Analyze samples
.1
$1000
analytical method for
real-world samples
and adjust the
characterizing polar
method as
hydrocarbon
necessary:
compounds in ambient
November 2001
air samples
4. Distribute and
4. Train chemists.
.15
$1500
4. ORD,
validate the method
initiate round robin
National
testing: January
Center for
2002
Atmospheric
Research
(NCAR),
interested
laboratories
5. Method validated
5. Round robin
.1
testing report
completed:
June 2002
6. Method published
6. Method
.1
submitted for
publication:
September 2002
-------
WORK PLAN FOR AMBIENT AIR MONITORING
Air Toxics Method for Low Level Polar Hydrocarbon Compounds
Goal I: Clean Air: The air in every American community will be safe and healthy to breathe.
Objective 102: By 2010, reduce air toxic emissions by 75 percent from 1993 levels to significantly reduce the risk Americans face from
cancer and other serious adverse health effects caused by airborne toxics.
Subobjective 10202: By 2010, develop improved air toxics information to support quantitative evaluation, characterization and tracking of
risk based indicators. Develop the technical tools needed to fully implement strategies and programs to reduce toxic exposure risks.
Discussion: Current methodologies for ambient air analysis are limited by both the range of compounds they address as well as the detection
limits that the methods can achieve. In order to address the developing interest in air toxics, methods need to be modified/developed to
expand current analytical capability.
Regional Subobjective R0201: Reduce ambient levels of and exposure to air toxics
Project Description: During 2001, optimize an ambient air method to do low level analysis volatile organics typically found in ambient air
samples. The instrumentation most commonly used for TO-1 5 analysis, quadrapole MS, is not capable of attaining the level of sensitivity
needed for analysis of ambient samples of low level polar hydrocarbon compounds. The current target lists for TO-14 /1 5 do not include polar
compounds seen in ambient samples. By optimizing current TO-15 methodology for ion trap MS enabling quantitation into the part per
trillion range and expanding the target list to include polar compounds we will be better able to supports efforts of the states in the region in
establishing an effective air toxics monitoring network.
-------
FY 2001 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(YEAR I)
Subobjeetive
Goat/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
FTE
Funds
Funds
Collaborators
Projected
Expended
Projected
Expended
By 2002, optimize
1. Acquire standards
1. Purchase standards:
TO-i 5 for low level
January 2001
and polar compound
analysis.
2. Optimize TO-1 5
2. Prepare draft SOP:
June 2001
3. Coordinate with R2
3. Visit R2 for
3.R2
to evaluate method for
coordination meeting:
application on a
By June 2001
quadrupole vs an ion
trap MS
4. Test the method on
4. Analyze test
4. Maine
real-world samples by
samples, adjust the
DEP and
doing split sample
method as necessary
Rhode Island
analysis with ME and Rl
and finalize the SOP:
DOH
Summer 2001
-------
FY 2002 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(YEAR 2)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
Projected
FTE
Expended
Funds
Projected
Funds
Expended
Collaborators
By 2002, optimize TO-
1 5 for low level and
polar compound
analysis.
5. Distribute and
validate the method
6. Method validated
5. Train chemists,
initiate round robin
testing: January
2002
6. Round robin
testing report
completed:
June 2002
5. R2, ME
DEP, Rl DOH
-------
WORK PLAN FOR ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY
Marine/Estuarine Bertthic Invertebrate Taxonomy
Goal 2: Clean and Safe Water
Objective 02: By 2005, conserve and enhance the ecological health of the nation's (state, interstate and tribal) waters and aquatic
ecosystems - rivers and streams, lakes, wetlands, estuaries, coastal areas, oceans and ground waters - so that 7 5% of waters will support
healthy aquatic communities.
SubobjectiveOI: By 2005, restore and protect watersheds so that 75% of waters support healthy watersheds as shown by comprehensive
assessment of the nation's watersheds
Subobjective 03: By 2003, provide means to identify, assess and manage aquatic stressors, including contaminated sediments.
Project Description: The processing of benthic samples and identification of benthic invertebrates is an essential part of monitoring the health
of Mid-Atlantic estuaries and coastal waters. A need exists for standardized protocols. The Region, working with the Office of Science and
Technology (OST), is developing SOPs for removing and identifying invertebrates from estuarine and marine benthic sample. Details such as
mesh size and necessary level of taxonomy will be included. With standardized protocols, information from coastal waters throughout the
region can be compared and trends tracked to determine if pollution control strategies are working. On going projects include: I) Biological
assessments near waste water outfalls off Bethany Beach, DE, and Ocean Gty, MD. 2) QC of estuarine invertebrate identifications done by
the Maryland Department of the Environment, Dredging Assessment Division. 3) Inventory of coral reef biodiversity in NASA-funded project
to map (with satellite remote sensing) the coral reef at Andros Island, Bahamas, identify discrete reef habitats, and biodiversity associated with
those habitats.
as* Kkxhted: Dumber S 2000 .Appealfx
-------
FY 2000 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year I)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
Projected
FTE
Expended
Funds
Projected
Funds
Expended
Collaborators
By 2002, develop
standardized taxonomic
protocols for marine
invertebrate organisms
and make them available
for national application.
1. Finalize draft
protocols: a) Removal of
Invertebrates from
Estuarine and Benthic
samples and b)
Identification of
Estuarine and Marine
Benthic Invertebrates
2. Transfer and test
protocols
1. Peer review
complete:
July 2000
2. Train Maryland
Department of the
Environment and
perform periodic QC
checks of their IDs:
September 2000
.1
.1
.1
.2
2. MDE
-------
FY 2001 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year 2)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
Projected
FTE
Expended
Funds
Projected
Funds
Expended
Collaborators
By 2002, develop
standardized taxonomic
protocols for marine
invertebrate organisms
and make them available
for national application.
3. Distribution of
protocols
4. Transfer and apply
knowledge to
bioassessments
Protocols distributed
to regions, states,
and other interested
parties: June 2001
4a.. Train MD
Dept. of the Env.
biologists and
perform QC checks
of their Chesapeake.
Bay IDs:
September 2001
4 b. Complete
taxonomic analysis
of NASA/Bahamas
coral reef
biodiversity
assessment samples:
September 2001
.1
.2
.3
4a. MDE
4b. NASA,
American
Museum of
Natural History
Center for
Biodiversity and
Conservation
ssi UrxifiU^i: DoconUvr
-V-,. -%r>
^ V. Vs.
¦j:
-------
FY 2002 PERFORMANCE PLAN
(Year 3)
Subobjective
Goal/Action
Performance Measures
FTE
Projected
FTE
Expended
Funds
Projected
Funds
Expended
Collaborators
Support estuarine and
coastal bioassessments
5. Continue to transfer
and apply knowledge to
bioassessments
6. Draft manuscript for
publication of OST
Bethany Beach/Ocean
City data in a peer
reviewed journal
5. Complete
taxonomic analysis
of Bethany Beach
and Ocean City
samples for OST
project: June 2002
6. Draft complete:
September 2002
.3
.2
mi Updated: Dtfcemivr 15, 2000
Appendix
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