Priority Wetland Listing
for
New England
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Region I
October 1986
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PRIORITY VETLAND LISTING FOR NEW ENGLAND
U.S. Er^IRDMTB^TAL PROTECTION AGENCY
REGION I
OCTOBER 1936
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CONTENTS
I. Introduction p. i
II. State- by- State Listing p. 1
A. Connecticut p. 1
B. Maine p. 37
C. Massachusetts P« 56
D. New Hampshire p. 77
E. Rhode Island p. 91
F. Vernont p« 107
III. Appendix I: Copy of Regional Information Request Letter p. A-l
Appendix II: Cfopies of Responses to Regional Letter p. A-9
IV.
Index
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I. Introduction
The Environmental Protection Agency has begun a national effort to identify priority
wetlands and waterbodies across the country. EPA will use its regulatory author-
ities to protect these areas more vigorously and consistently. This list, compiled
by Region I of EPA, identifies wetlands and other aquatic resources that we consider
to be high quality or which are vulnerable to environmental degradation.
New England's wetlands are an irreplacaDle natural resource. Comprising but a
small portion of the total land area they are essential to the survival of our fish
and wildlife populations, and are increasingly being recognized as important in
maintaining water quality through the uptake or control of sediments, nutrients and
pollutants. Wetlands often act as natural flood storage areas and, along the coast,
provide a buffer against storm damage and erosion. Biologically, wetlands are among
the most productive arid diverse ecosystems on earth. Two-thirds of the commercial
fish species harvested on the Atlantic coast depend on coastal estuaries and wetlands
for food and spawning grounds; many freshwater fish depend on inland lakes and
wetlands. Wetlands also provide habitat and food for furbearers such as muskrat,
otter, mink, racoon and beaver.
Despite their value arid relative scarcity, our wetlands continue to be destroyed
at an alarming rate and wetland protection continues to be controversial. The U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service estimates that we lose over 300,000 acres of wetlands per
year throughout the nation. While New England's wetlands continue to shrink, they
are not disappearing as. rapidly as those in other regions for several reasons: our
states have strong laws protecting wetlands, New England has fewer wetlands left to
sacrifice, and our population often is more environmentally aware than elsewhere.
Nevertheless, each year proposals surface to fill wetlands for highways, shopping
malls and agriculture. Historical losses occurred mainly in coastal wetlands but
now much nrore development pressure is felt in freshwater areas. While considerable
attention through the years has been focused on chemical water pollution and water
quality standards, this is only one aspect of the more general problem of wetlands
protection. Undoubtedly, the most critical problem associated with wetlands deteri-
oration is loss of habitat. Direct habitat loss usually results frcm dredging and
tilling operations. Indirect loss may occur trcm changes in the wetland hydrology
or isolation of an area from the full ecosystem.
Perhaps the very nature of wetlands engenders much of the controversy about their
protection. Transitional between water and land, they exhibit both "wet" and "dry"
characteristics. Scientists note their connection to the regional surface and
groundwater systems and their importance to fish and wildlife; both the benefits of
wetlands and the impacts associated with their destruction extend beyond their bor-
ders. Developers, however, point to the "dry" characteristics of wetlands when
attempting to "improve" their land and exercise their property rights. This inherent
clash between resource conservation and development pressures has produced a colorful
legislative and judicial history and an intensity of feeling unusual even among envi-
ronmental programs.
The 404 permit program, enacted as part of the 1972 Federal Water Pollution ^Control
Act and amended during reauthorization of the Clean Water Act of 1977, regulates
the discharge of dredged or fill material into waters of the United States. Perhaps
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originally conceived as a subset of the larger 402 NPDES permit program, 404 evolved
tram an emphasis on water quality issues into the primary federal program protecting
wetlands. The increasing role of 404 in wetlands protection in the late 1970's and
early lyBO's was mandated by several important court decisions and by our rapidly
expanding knowledge about wetland values and losses. Most types of development or
construction in the nation's waters involve some discharge of material and thus
require a 404 permit. Marinas, highways, residential and industrial development
dams, bulkheads, and stream relocation typically fall under the purview of the
program. "Waters of the United States" reaches to the extent permissible under the
Commerce Clause of the U.S. Constitution and includes rivers, lakes, streams, ponds
and wetlands (swamps, marshes, sloughs, bogs, fens, etc.). Section 404 is not a
comprehensive wetlands protection law, however, as excavation and drainage—major
causes of wetland loss—are not regulated under the program; §404, like the rest of
the Clean Vfater Act, is concerned only with the discharge of pollutants, specifically
dredged or fill material.
EPA and the Corps share program responsibilities under Section 404. The Corps
administers the program on a day-to-day basis and retains final authority to issue,
deny or modify permits. EPA writes and interprets the 404(b)(1) Guidelines, the
regulations which the Corps must apply in their evaluation of permit applications
EPA and the Corps have parallel authority to enforce against unauthorized discharges
and violations of permit conditions.
EPA has several other authorities with which to provide additional protection to
priority resources identified in this document. Under §404(c) of the Clean Water
Act, EPA may prohibit or restrict dredge or fill discharges into waters of the
United States, includiny wetlands. Although ccmmonly thought of as our "veto"
authority over Corps permits, 404(c) can be used to designate areas in advance of
any discharge. KPa can also initiate a planning process called "Advanced Identifi-
cation ot Sites" (AIS), described in Section 230.80 of the EPA 404(b)(1) Guidelines.
AIS allows h'PA and the Corps, in cooperation with state and local authorities, to
identity sites as being unsuitable (or suitable) for the discharge of dredged or
till material. Again, this mechanism can be used prior to the reoeipt of permit
applications by the Corps of Engineers. Unlike 404(c), an AIS designation does not
prohibit or restrict work in a given area, but provides ?n advance indication of
whether a permit application is likely to be approved or denied. Hence, AIS does not
involve any formal regulatory action; its chief value is for internal program manage-
ment and public education. Both authorities can protect valuable resources while
reducing the controversy that now often surrounds major 404 permit applications,
since developers should be aware of these designations before committing resources
to a project. We normally expect to select potential AIS and 404(c) sites from our
priority list although a site need not appear here in order to receive protection
under 404(c) or AIS.
The New England List
This list was first developed in 1985 and updated in 1986. At both times Region I,
EPA sent letters to federal, state, and local agencies as well as private groups
known to be known to be involved with wetland protection in New England. Appendices
I and II contain respectively a copy of the regional form letter and copies of the
responses received. Not surprisingly, the level of detail and the organization of
the replies varied among the respondents. This reflected the different perceptions
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people have about what constitute a "priority" wetland and the many ways in which a
priority list could be organized. Sate respondents felt that our 1985 list was
either too broad, including areas that were not both valuable and vulnerable or too
narrow, omitting some important sites.
The environmental value arri degree of vulnerability of the wetland resources were
the criteria used to develop the list. Any area which we know to be both important
environmentally and threatened in some way were automatically included on the list.
However, such cases are relatively rare. More frequently, we know of areas that bear
watching because they are environmentally important or areas which are potentially
threatened but not necessarily of high value. For instance, we have listed Hartford
County in Connecticut based on our experience that a number of environmentally dam-
aging projects have been (or will be) proposed there. Of course, not all wetlands
in the County are of high value or threatened, but to discriminate further is too
time-consuming at this point.
This list, then, is not a priority ranking of sites distilled from a comprehensive
inventory of all of New England's wetlands. To construct such a catalogue would
indeed be an enormous, perhaps impossible, task requiring expertise and manpower
far beyond the level of Region I EPA. Rather, this list identifies known or sus-
pected "troublespots" in New England. No doubt there are areas not appearing on
the list which ought to; we simply cannot know everything happening in the region
at any one time, much less accurately predict future trends. In general, value is
easier to establish than vulnerability. Clearly, these areas that are both valuable
and vulnerable deserve immediate attention, we believe it is prudent in some cases
to include areas based on their known environmental values since threats may manifest
themselves in the future. We have not, however, included areas which we already
know are afforded adequate protection such as wildlife refuges or state parks, even
though they often contain wetlands of exceptional value.
We found it difficult to develop a rigid format which could both adequately present
our own conceptions of what constituted priority areas and yet remain manageable.
To balance the competing needs for flexibility and an ordered approach, we adopted
a two-tiered approach for the list: a general category for generic items of concern
and broadly defined geographical regions; and a specific category for entire or partial
river or lake systems, or particular wetlands of concern. For instance, we listed
wetlands vdiich overlie EPA designated sole-source aquifers in the general category.
Listing by a county or town basis is another example of a general item. Areas
appearing under the specific wetland category should be self explanatory. Maps of
the listed areas are provided where appropriate. Items are presented, in alpha-
betical order by category, on a state-by-state basis. Note that while this document
has for the sake of convenience been called a "wetland" priority list, it may include
any aquatic areas of concern (e.g., mudflats, lakes, streams, etc.) and is not
restricted to vegetated wetlands. For ease of locating any particular item, an
index is provided in Section III.
That an area does not appear on the list in no way implies that it should receive
less than full protection under the Section 404 regulatory program.- Similarly,
listed areas are not guaranteed to receive further EPA attention. However, con-
sidering that special protection beyond existing regulatory programs cannot be
given to all wetlands it is logical to identity candidate areas on which we can
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focus our efforts. A listing of such areas may help to prevent the unfortunate
situation where a developer ccmmits resources to a project unaware that the area
in question may be considered valuable by EPA. Our goal is to protect valuable
resources while reducing the controversy that often surrounds major 404 permit
decisions. In addition, we will attempt to utilize our 404 authorities in a manner
which accomplishes several environmental goals at once. We believe there is con-
siderable potential, for instance, to use the AIS and 404(c) authorities to preserve
wetlands that naturally protect drinking water supplies and provide waterfowl habi-
tat at the same time. In addition to using the list for predesignation work, it
would be logical to focus our enforcement efforts on these areas of high concern.
The list itself will be subject to modification through time. Areas will be added
as appropriate and scne of the broader listings may be refined or narrowed to more
specific areas of concern. Otner areas may be dropped entirely if they are afforded
sufficient protection under EPA's authority or by some other mechanism. We antic-
ipate next updating the list in 1988.
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STATE- BY- STATE LISTING
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GENERAL LISTING
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H • W
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Sail Meadow NWn
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CONNECTICUT
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Priority Watorboly/Wot lard Listing
Name:
Coastal Marshes identified Ix; l-VJS in the Concept Plan for Preservation of Plack JXiqk
Geographic Limits;
Ouinnipiac Meadcws (800 acres)
Norwalk Islands (300 acres)
lordship Area (220 acres)
Resource Values:
Ouinnipiac Meadows- wintering black ducks
Norwalk Islands- wintering black ducks, diving ducks, wading bird nesting on uplands
lordship Area- least tern nesting, wintering black ducks
Kncwn/Potentia1
Threats to Resource:
Ouinnipiac Meadows- possibly threatened
forwalk Islands- possibly threatened
Lordship Area- possibly threatened
Comments:
FWS (realty) uses three categories of threat: highly threatened
possibly threatened
mostly protected
These areas are by no means a FWS priority list of wetlands for New England, but rather coastal
wetlands important to wintering black ducks, a FWS National Species of Special Fhiphasis.
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Priority Waterbody/Wetland Listing
Name: Inland waterbodies and wetlands
Geographic Limits: Hartford County; Northern Middlesex Gounty
Resource Values: Warmwater fisheries; waterfowl flyway; water quality maintenance; aesthetics; flood storage.
Known/Potential Many proposed highway construction and stream channelization projects; serious cumulative
Threats to Resource: impacts.
Comments: This area is a likely cartiidate for AIS or 404(c) designation.
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Priority Waterbody/Wetland Listing
Name: fecial Aquatic Sites in Coastal Middlesex County
Geographic Limits? Tbwns or Branford, Guilford, Clinton, and Westhrook
Resource Values: These towns are situated in meandering river systems with adjacent watlands. Hie estuarine
habitats are healthy and the existing water quality is good. Important for fish and wildlife
concerns, storm protection, and recreation.
Known/Potential Most of the available shoreline without tidal wetlands has been utilized. Therefore, further
Threats to Resource: development pressure may affect wetland areas.
Cornnents:
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Priority Waterbody/Wetlarri Listing
Name; Special Aquatic Sites within the Immediate Watersheds of Surface Drinking Water Impoundments
Geographic Limits: Variable. Approximately 880 such impoundments (539 community supplies; 341 non-ccnmunity
supplies) exist in New England.
Resource Values: Vfetlands in thess areas will often be important in maintenance of water quality. Likewise,
work in these wetlands has the potential to seriously impact water supplies.
Known/Potential Difficult to predict. Threats to these.wetlands are uncommon, but are potentially serious.
TTireats to Resource; Highway projects, as wall as industrial and commercial development seem to be most common.
Comnents: Wbrk in these areas should automatically trigger careful EPA review and full coordination with
the Water Supply Branch. Special Conditions will likely apply to any permitted projects.
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Priority Watorbcrty/Vfetland Listing
Name: Watlands identified as important on state breeding and bird censuses
Geographic Limits: Variable.
Resource Values: These wetlands have been identified as important for brooding burls.
Known/Potential Variable and site-specific; Any 404 regulated v*Drk in these areas would require close .scrutiny.
Threats to Resource:
Garments: These censuses are in various stages of publication. Farther information about particular
species is available from the Fish and Wildlife Service.
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Priority Vfcterbody/Vfetland Listing
Narre: Vfetlands Overlying Areas with Groundwater Classification CJKA (Potable Groundwater Supplies)
Geographic Limits: Shown on Conncticut's Water Quality Classification Mapping
Resource Values: Maintenance of water quality in groundwater recharge or discharge.
Known/Potential Lard uses have potential to affect tlie potable water quality.
Threats to Resource:
Comments: Water Duality Classification Maps are available to the public on a county basis at 1:50,000
scale Iron the Connecticut !\.>|virl:iiienl of Environmental. Protection's Publication Sales.
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SPECIFIC LISTING
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Priority Waterbody/Vtetland Listing
Name: Ash Crook
Geographic Limits: Tbwn of Fairfield
Resource Values: Shell, but nevertheless significant, island of unditched high marsh located at the
mouth of Ash Creek esturary-
Known/Potential Unknown.
Threats to Resource:
Cbnments: Identified by the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection as a high quality
tidal wetland.
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Priority Waterbody/VJetland Listing
Name: Bauer Bond and vicinity
Geographic Limits: Tbwn of Salisbury
Resource Values: Diverse calcareous wetland.
Known/Potential Vfeter quality deterioration.
Threats to Resource:
Continents: This area is partially owned by The Nature Conservancy.
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Priority Watorbody/Wetland Listing
Nome: Benton Hill Fen
Geographic Limits: "Ibwn of Sharon
Resource Values: Diverse calcareous watland and fen.
Known/Potential Rjtential for water quality deterioration.
Threats to Resource:
Conments: This area is partially owned by The Nature Conservancy.
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Priority Warhoiy/Wellar»1 Listing
Nnmo: Brail ford Mountain Swamp
Geographic Limits: Litchfield County, past of Bradford Mountain
Resource Values: High altitude swamp dominated by small hardwoods and shrubs with heavy sphagnum ground cover;
breeding record for Great Blue Heron.
Known/Potential Various development proposals have surfaced over the years.
Threats to Resource:
Comnents: Northern portion of the swamp is owned by the state of Connecticut.
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Priority Watoi+jaly/Vfetlaml Listing
Name: Bride Brook Estuary
Geographic Limits? Tbwn of East Lyme
Resource Values: Extensive arri unusual tidal wetland ecosystem; rare binds.
Known/Potential Unknown.
Threats to Resource:
Comnents: Identified by the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection as a high quality
tidal wetland.
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Priority Whtorlioty/Wetland Listing
Nome: Coginchaug Rivor
Geographic Limits: Tbwns of Middlefield arri Middletown
Resource Values: High value wetlands for wildlife.
Known/Potential Susceptible to residential and industrial development; illegal discharges of waste material.
Threats to Resource:
Comments:
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Priority Waterbody/Wetlanrt Listing
Name: Connecticut River
Geographic Limits; The river prcper and special aquatic sites within the floodplain
Resource Values:
New England's largest river; warm and cold water fisheries; flood storage; anadrcroous fish;
shellfish in the lower reaches; recreation. Major role in FWS Atlantic Salmon restoration
plan, largest population of shad in the northeast. Habitat for several species of federally
proposed threatened invertebrates and one enbenic vetch. Also numerous plants, animals, and
natural communities of state and regional significance; tidal watlands- an assemblage of poly-
haline, mesohaline, oligohaline and fresh tidal wetlartls.
Known/Potential
Threats to Resource:
Highly variable, ranging from agriculture activity to road and bridge projects to commercial
developments. Waters-dependent activities such as marinas and hydrcpower also generate
environmental concerns. Proposed diversion of water from the river for use in the Boston
area.
Gomnents:
-13-
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Priority Waterbody/Vfetlanrt Listing
Name: East Rivor
Geoqraphic Limits; Tbwn of Madison
Resource Values: Extensive, mostly polyhaline tidal wetlands dominated by high marsh vegetation.
Known/Potent i a1 Unknown.
Threats to Resource:
Garments: Identified by the Connecticut Repartment of. Environmental Protection as a high quality
tidal wetland.
-14-
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Priorify Waterboly/Vfctlnni Listinrj
Name: Fatmill River
Geographic Limits; "Ibwn of RtratConi
Pesource Values: Oligbhaline tidal wetland; this is the only such example on the Housatonic River;
' rare plants.
Known/Potential Unknown.
Threats to Resource:
Cbmments:
Identified by the Connecticut Department of Environnontal Protection as a high qtmlity
ti.dal watland.
-------
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Priority Woterbody/Wetland Listing
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Priority Watorbody/We tland Listing
Name: Great Meadows
Geographic Limits: Tbwn of Stratford
Resource Values: largest expanse of coastal wetlands in Connecticut; habitat for shorebirds and other wildlife;
habitat for several Connecticut Species of Special Cbncern.
Knowrv'Potential Encroachment from piecemeal development for industrial use; major historical loss and
Threats to Resource: cumulative impact.
Gonwents:
One major wetland fill (Stratford Land and Improvement Company) has already been 'permitted;
another (Francis D'addario) pending.
-------
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Priority Vteterlxxly/Wctland Listing
Nam?: Hammonasr.ett Marshes
Geographic Limits; Tbwns of Clinton and Madison
Resource Values: Extensive polyhaline marsh dominated by high marsh vegetation? rare birds; area designated
as a state natural area.
Known/Potential Unknown.
Threats to Resource:
Comments: Identified hy the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection as a high quality
tidal wetland.
-IB-
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Priority Waterbody/We11 n rrl Listing
Name: Housatonic River
Geographic Limits: Lower Housatonic River in Stratford, including adjacent wetlands
Resource Values: Anadromous fish; shellfish; mammalian wildlife.
Known/Potential Ongoing in-river sand arri gravel mining operations.
Threats to Resource:
Comments: These mining operations not only change the substrate but may alter the hydrology of the
overall system with adverse impacts on the biota.
-19-
-------
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Priority Watetboly/Wetl.'irrl Listing
Name: Little N-TCiragansett Ray
Geographic Limits; Tbwn of Stonington
Resource Values: Extremely productive bay for shellfish arr.1 finfish; extensive eolgrass beds; high
water quality.
Known/Potent ia 1 Unknown.
Threats to Resource:
Garments: Identified hy the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection as a high (jui'lity
tidal wetland.
-20-
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-------
Priority Waterbody/Wetland Listing
Name: Mattabesset River
Geographic Limits: Tbwns oE Middle town and Cranwell
Resource Values: High value watlands for wildlife.
Known/Potential Susceptible to industrial development; landfill.
Threats to Resource:
Conroents:
-------
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Priority Watorbcxly/Wetinnri Listing
Name: Mcnunket«^suck River
Geographic Limits: "towns of Westbrook and Clinton
Resource Values: Oligo- to polyhaline tidal wetlands; rare plants.
Known/Potential Uhkncwn.
Threats to Resource:
Contents: Identified by the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection as a high quality
tidal wetland.
-22-
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Priority Watorbaiy/Vfe tlarri Listing
Name: Mianus River
Geographic Limits: Tidal marshes, intertidal flats arri shallcws on the west side of tlie river, south of 1-95
and the east side north of 1-95,
Resource Values: Feeding and nursery habitat for shorehirds; anadronous fish passage for sea-run brewn trout and
smelt; potential for local water quality renovation; open space and aesthetic values.
Known/Potential Past development has resulted in major cumulative impacts, but small pockets of healthy marsh
Threats to Resource: remain. There will likely be pressure to fill what little remains.
Cortinents:
-23-
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Priority Vfaterbody/Wetlancl Listing
Name: Moore Rrook and vicinity
Geographic Limits; Tbwn of Salisbury
Resource Values: Diverse calcareous watland.
Known/Potential Potential for water quality deterioration.
Threats to Resource:
Comments: This area is partially owned by The Nature Conservancy.
-24-
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Priority Vfatertxxly/Vfetlnnl Listing
Nairn?: Mystic River
Geographic Limits; "towns of Groton arri Stoning ton
Resource Values: Anadramous fish; waterfowl habitat; shellfish; winter flounder; recreational use;
water quality.
Known/ttotential Industrial and commercial development; high demarri for residential development.
Threats to Resource:
Conments:
This area is zoned for low density residential hut there is potential for high density housing
due to a nearby naval base.
-------
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Priority Wal^rbody/toetlnrri Listing
Nome: New Haven Harbor
Geographic Limits: Tidal mud flats in New Haven and West Haven
Resource Values: Resting area for shorebirds and waterfowl; wintering black duck and scaup; fisheries;
maintenance of water quality; shellfish industry; recreation; aesthetics.
Known/Potential Unknown, liowever, any activities that might; affect water quality or sedimentation could
Threats to Resource: impact the invertebrate life forms of the mud flats.
Comments:
-26-
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Priority Wal.orboly/Wetlarrl Li sting
Name: Oyster/lMok Rivers
Geographic Limits: Tbwn of Old Say brook
Resource Values: Extensive polyhaline tidal wetland dominated ly high marsh vegetation.
Known/Potential Unknown.
Threats to Resource:
Conments: Identified by the Connecticut Heparbrent of Environmental Protection as a high quality
tidal wetland.
-27-
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Priority Vtatorhody/Vfetlnnd Listing
Name: Pataguansot.t River fetmary
Geographic Limits; Tbwn of East Lyme
Resource Values: ^ry high quality tidal wetlarti system with limited disturbance; research; rare plants
and animals.
Known/Potential Unknown.
Threats to Resource:
Caimentss Identifier! by tl*2 Connecticut Department of Fhvironnentnl Protoction as n high quality
tidal wetland.
-2R-
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Priority Vfetorbaly/Vfetl^rrl rARtinrj
Nome: Pine Crook
Geographic Limits: lower Pine Creek in Ttawn of: Fairfield
Resource Values: Important estuarine and saltmarsh habitat for fish, shellfish and birds; storm flood
protection.
Known/Potential Possible development of a marina and golf course hy the Tbwn of Fairfield.
Threats to Resource:
Comments:
-29-
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Priority Wat<;rbody/We tlarri Listing
Nome: Robbi ns Sw(mn|>
Geographic Limits; Litchfield County, about 2 miles south of Canaan
Resource Values: The most extensive northern white cedar swamp in the state; many Connecticut Species of
Special Concern, as well as one species on the federal endangered and threatened plant, list.
Known/Potential This area has already been cut over and may suffer from further disturbance.
Threats to Resource:
Garments:
-30-
-------
B r
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Priority Waterboty/Wetl.and Listing
Name: Sauyatuck Riwr
Geographic Limits; lower Saugutuck River in Town of Westport
Resource Values: Diverse, healthy estuarine habitat; fish and wildlife value; shellfish; aesthetics; storm/flood
protection.
Known/Potentia1 Existing and proposed commercial and residential development.
Threats to Resource:
Comments:
-32-
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Priority Waterboly/Wetlnnd Listing
Name: Rocky Hill/Glastonbury/Wethersf iel.fi Meadows
Geographic Limits: Glastonbury
Resource Values: Diverse floodplain forest and alluvial marsh.
Known/Potential Agricultural expansion.
Threats to Resource:
Carments: This area was recanme riled by the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection as a
priori ty area.
-31-
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Priority Watotrbci 1 y/WoI; 1.i rr) T.istirrj
Name: Squabble Prook dry] vicinity
Geographic Limits: Tbwn of: North Canaan
Resource Values: Diverse calcareous seepage swamp.
Known/Potential Agricultural expansion; draining.
"Threats to Resource:
Coiments: This larH is partially ownal ly The Nature Conservancy.
-33-
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Priority Waterl >ody/W2 tlnnd Listing
Name: Still River
Geographic Limits: "Ibwns of naribury, New Milfoil and Brookfield
Resource Values: High value vrctland for wildlife and waterfowl.
Known/Potential tesidential ani industrial development.
Threats to Resource:
Commentst
-34-
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Priority Watorbaty/Vtetlarri Listing
Namn: Slicker Brook ami related wetlands
Geographic Limits: Tbwn of .Salisbury
Resource Values: Diverse calcareous wetlarri arri fen; one of the best sites in the state.
Known/Potential Unknown.
Threats to Resource:
Comments:
-35-
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Priority Waterbody/Wetland Listing
Name:
Thames River
Geographic Limits: The Thames, Shetucket, and Ouinebaug Rivers and their tributaries
Resource Values:
Warm and cold water fisheries- encompasses the major domestic trout fishery in Eastern
Connecticut; anadrcmous fisheries; marine fisheries within the estuary; high potential for
American shad and Atlantic salmon restoration.
Known/Potential
Threats to Resource:
Oomtercial, industrial, and residential development; hydrcpower, especially "small hydro";
cogeneration.
Comments:
"A Preliminary Plan for the Restoration cf Anadrcmous Fisheries in the Thames River Basin"
has been produced by the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection, Bureau of
Fisheries.
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-------
GEIERAL LISTING
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Scale 1:1,000,000
B-3
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Priority Itotod'O'ty/Vtet'-lanrt Listing
Nam*?:
Coastal Marshes identified by H'fi in the Concept Plan for Preset'-yaI:ion of Block l\ick Wintering
Habitat
Geographic Limits:
lower Wells Marsh (400 acres)
tipper Wo I Is Marsh (IRO acres)
Mousam River Marsh (103 acres)
Goose Rocks Marsh (31 *> acres)
Little River Marsh (172 acres)
Goosefare Rrook Marsh (IP'S acres)
Spurwink Marsh (200 acron)
Resource Values:
Known/Potential
Threats to Resource:
Lower Walls Marsh- Wintering black duck, least tern nesting (adjacent upland)
Ujpper Wells Marsh- Wintering black duck
Mousam River Marsh- Wintering black duck
Goose Rocks Marsh- Wintering black duck, least tern nesting (adjacent upland)
Little River Marsh- wintering black duck
Goosefare Brook Marsh- Wintering black duck
Spurwink Marsh- Wintering black duck
Lower Wells Marsh- possibly threatonnd- second homo development
Upper Wells Marsh- possibly threatened- second hc.me develop" nent
Mousam River Marsh- possibly threatened- second home
-------
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Priority Watorlx->rly/Wcl la nd listing
No mo: Coastal R.i isfxi IVatlamls
Geographic Limits; Maine Coastal Zone
Resource Values: Uncomon peat land type worldwide with unique and rare flora and fauna.
Known/Potential Iteat development- mining for fuel and agriculture.
Threats to Resource:
Corrments: Examples:
Jonesport North Unit (Jonesport)
Kelly l*>int Fteatlands (Jonesport)
Carrying Place Cove (Uibec)
-38-
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Scale 1:1,000,000
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3-3
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Priority Watedvxly/Wetlanl Listing
Namo: Re I grans (Zqstera mo r inn)
State (s): Ma ino
Geographic Limits: Coastal zone; Moan row viator to 1R foot, contour
Resource Values: Primary productivity, natural cover and sediment stabilization
Kncwn/Potontial Drediji rvj/filling resulting in renova.1 or burial of: plants or cansi ng changes in current flew
Threats to Resource: and/or increased turbidi ty.
Ccmnents:
-39-
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Priority Waterbody/Vtetlnnd List inn
Name: Estuaries Identified as Itujrjrlant to the Preservation and llnhancewnt of Anadrenous Fish
Resources
Geographic Limits: Watersheds oE the rivers/estuaries
Resource Values: Nursery areas for anadronous fish including: rainbcw smelt, alewife, blueback herring, striped
bass, American shad, river herring, sliortnose sturgeon (endangered), Atlantic salmon, Atlanic
sturgeon, brook trout, bluefish, juvenile sea herring, groundfish
Known/Potential Hydrojxxer development; water qua lily degradation
Threats to Resource:
Conmentss Rivers include: York River eshiary, Pi sea tag ua River, f\instan/Scarf>orough River complex, Saco
River, Presuinpscot Riv^r, Royal River estuary, Kennebec/Androscoggin estuary, Sheepscot River
estuary, Oamariscotta River, St. George River estuary, Penobscot River estuary, Union River
estuary, Narragaugus and Pleasant River estuaries, Machias and East Machias River estuaries,
Denny's River estuary, Aroostook River, and St. Croix River estuary
These rivers were identified by Maine Dej-wrtment of Environmental Protection and/or U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service.
-40-
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Priority Walorh'ily/Wot 1 irii Listirv j
Name: Speei tI ^piatic Sites within the Immediate Wit-mhods of Surl-k:p !1r i nki if i Witer Tmpnuv 1m nl.?^
Geographic Limits: Variab Ig. Approximately ft BO such iwjionndinonts (539 conmunity supplier; 341 non-cr»nmuni ty
supplies) exist in Now England.
Resource Values: Wetlands in these areas will often be important in maintenance of water quality. Likewise,
work in these wetlands has the potential to seriously impact water supplies.
Known/Potential Difficult to predict. Threats to these wetlanls are uncommon, hut are potentially serious,
threats to Resource: Highway projects, as well as industrial and comnercial development seem to be wr?t commn.
Comnents: Wbrk in ttese areoas slould automatically trigqer careful EPA review and full cmnlination wit!
the Water Supply Branch. Special Conditions will likely apply to any permitted projects.
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Priority Waterbody/VJetland Listing
Name: Tidal/freshwater transition 7.onos
Geographic Limits; Maine coastal zone
Resource Values: 1he9e relatively rare and poorly understood systems may be very important for unccmnon wildlife
species and play important roles in stabilizing the local physical and hydrological environment
These areas are also important for nesting wintering bald eagles ami provide habitat for many
rare plants.
Known/Potential First and second home development. Maine State laws are protective of tidal wetlands, but they
Threats to Resource: have no comprehensive inland wetland protection. Consequently, the temptation exists to develop
right to the edge of tidal influence and eliminate the important transition zone.
Comments: Specific examples of this type of area include:
Merrymeeting Bay
Machias Bay/ East River estuary
Cobs Cook Bay
Lubec Flats/ West Ouoddy Head
-42-
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Pr io ri ty Wa to rho ly/We tla r»1 Li st irrj
Name: Watlands irtnnt i f i o<1 as important on stato brr<*i i nr) and bird censuses
Geographic Limits: Variable.
Resource Values: These wetlands have been identified as important for breeding birds.
Known/Potential Variable and site-specific; Any 404 regulated work in these areas would require close scrutiny.
Threats to Resource:
Garments: These censuses are in various stages oE publication. Further information about particular
species is available fran the Fish and Wildlife Service.
-43-
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Priority Waterbody/Wetlard Listing
Name: Wetlands Included on Maine's List of "Rcologically Significant Fteat.lands"
Geographic Limits; Those areas identified by the Natural Resources Council.
Resource Values: Fish and wildlife habitat; aesthetics.
Knom/Potential Fteat mining.
Threats to Resource:
Cements: Ffeatlands included are: Wells Heath, Sand Pond, Saco Heath, Kimball Pond, Love we 11 Pond, Great
Sidney Bog, Kanokolus Bog, Caribou Bog, Sunkhaze Bog, Passadumkeag Bog, Bog near Greenville
Junction, Great Heath, Vfest Jonesport Heath, Meddybemps Heath, Thousand Acre Heath, .Smith Brook
Iteadwater, Mattawamkeag River, Little Crystal Fen, Marble Fen, Ellis Rog, Big Ten Complex,
Salmon Brook Lake Bog, Orchard Bog, and Cross Lake Fen.
-44-
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SPECIFIC LISTING
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Priority WntorlxjIy/VJetl.ml Listing
Name: Alton FV*j
Geographic Limits: Penobscot County; Orono, Ma inn
Resource Values: Rxtensive open heath caimunity; aesthetics.
Known/Potential Bisected by 1-95; potential Cor secondary impacts, although no immediate threats are reported.
Threats to Resource:
Contnents:
-45-
-------
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Priority Hi ho rbaly/We t1 a rrl Listing
Name: Choired Rorj
Geographic Limits: Tbwn of ttradley
Resource Values: Pristine fully farmed "raised" hog with values for fish ar*1 wildlife; aestlietics; rare
community type.
Known/Potential Proposed "wet liarvesting" of peat could destrcy most, of this hoj.
Threats to Resource:
CorartentSJ This hog received a high rating in "Evaluation of Maine Peatlarris for Their Unique and
Exemplary Qualities" prepared for the Maine Department of Environmental Protection.
-46-
-------
f 03-i
ri
Pine Point'/
Ch _
Tne Point
-------
t*riority W iI.<5rN> ly/t tfeM a nd r.isliiyj
Name:
Dunstan/Scarlxjroiujh Rivor
Geographic Limits; Lower Scarborough River art! adjacent wetlands
Resource Values:
Important fisheries and shellfish habitat (American shad, rivor horrinq, eastern oyster);
nursery area for anadromous fish; productive sa.ltmarshes; food web support; aesthetics; rare
plant species.
Known/Potent ia1
Threats to Resource:
Residential drwelrpmont.
Carmen ts:
-47-
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^ -V x V •
v :vs^>
\s%i '"•
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> .'/ / , -¦ •"!» *.»N •$ »v / ,w •¦ C* •• ^ '• '-••I-—Nj.
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Priority Watorljody/Wetland Listing
Nnmo: Old Orchard Peach
Geographic Limits: Backwater roarsh areas adjacent lr» and in the* vicinity of Old Orchard .Beach
Resource Values: \fery valuable area for fish and wildlife; high productivity; food web supfiort; idonti f ied as a
priority area by Maine PT.P.
Known/Potential Second horn-; and coivloninium prqx">sals; a great deal of development in adjacent lands.
Threats" to Resource:
Ccnments: The State of Maine is presently doing a study of threats to this area.
-40-
-------
/ "Nl -'V'/ ¦>.
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Priority Watorbody/Wetlanrl Listing
Name: Orono Hog/Caribou fVxj
Geographic Limits: Ifenobscot County, 1 mile south of Orono
Resource Values: Research; educational study; aesthetics; diverse vegetative caraminity; rare plant: secies.
Known/Potential Secondary development from nearby highway, timber harvesting, residential (^vGlqwnt.
Threats to Resource:
Comments: This bog received a high value in "Evaluation of Maine Pcatlands for their Unique and Exemplary
Qualities" prepared for the Maine r>^v\rtment of Environmental Protection.
-49-
-------
1I
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-------
Priority Waterbody/Wetland Listing
Name: Itenobscot River
Geographic Limits: Wtest branch of the Penobscot, Piscataquis County
Resource Values: Recreation; fishery; aesthetics; identified by FWS as a key river in their Atlantic Salmon
restoration program.
Known/Potential Great Northern Paper Company had proposed to construct a dam for a hydroelectric generator at
Threats to Resource: Antoerjackus Falls (Big "A" dam). This proposal has been withdrawn; no future projects have
been announced at this time.
Comments: This stretch of river contains some of the best Whitewater canoeing and rafting in the eastern
United States.
-50-
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Pri.ori.ty Wi!;<¦ rtw 11 y/We11 a nd Listing
Name: Saco Hon lit
Geographic Limits: York County- York, Maine
Resource Values: One oE the most southerly raised hcgs in Maine; contains Atlantic White Cedar, a rare species
in Maine; research; education; aesthetics.
Known/POtential Iteat mining; 435 acres of commercial quality peat.
Threats to Resource:
Comments:
The previous owner tried to mine tlx? peat. Another mining proposal is currently activo.
-------
rXtc^ CJiniri. J-'unds
V-
1fitill rr
a
-------
Priority Wato»cba1y/Wetland Listing
Name: Sunkhazo
Geographic Limits: Adjacont to the Kunkhaze Rivor, in the Town of Milford
Resource Values:
Pristine fully fanned "raised" bog with values for fish and wildlife; aesthetics; rare
community type.
Known/Potential
Threats to Resource:
Prqx>sod "wet harvesting" of peat could destroy most of this hog.
Comnents:
This hog received a high value in "Evaluation of Maine Featlands for Their Unique and Exemplary
Qualities" prepared for the Maine Department of Environmental Protection.
-52-
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Priority Waterboly/lfotlanri Listing
Name: Lake Utnb.nr^g
Geographic Limits; The lake and its watershed
Resource Values: Little development; outstanding wildlife habitat.
Known/Potential Proposed hydro development; twice targeted for deatornaceous earth dredging.
Threats to Resource:
Comnents:
-53-
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© ^O«T|_AN0
fk S* 3
V x ¦ ¦
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7""' • , DIVISION
. :. - -
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.j. DIVISION
- Si.A.t «••
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division
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/' /' ^;> -MOUSAM RIVER DIVISION
-W^.fcy -/l-ppek wells division
ZpS/1LOW E R WELLS DIVISION
/^ <3 ,fOf^ "*r
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rS^.. - vN- ^^3' brave boat HARo°R
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Priority Watertxxty/Wetland Li stiixj
Name: Vtetlands Ixirdering the Rachel Carson National Wildlife Refugo
Geographic Limits; Wetlands and aquatic sites adjacent to or in the vicinity of tho refuge
Resource Values: Buffer zones; wildlife habitat; water quality maintenance; aesthetics.
Known/Potential Major piecemeal filling has occurred up to and sometimes over tlx; refuge boundary, primarily
Threats to Resource: for residential development.
Garments: A 1982 report by the Concord Field office of the FWS documents the filling activity, most of
which is illegal, occurring in this area. The AIS process has been initiated for this area.
-54-
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Priority Vfeterbody/Wetlarrl Listing
Name: York River
Geographic Limits; Ttown of York
Resource Values: Oysters and clams are harvested in the lower estuary; rainhcw smelt nursery area.
Known/Potential Marsh headwaters are relatively unprotected from fill and contamination resulting from
Threats to Resource: the extensive building pressure in York County.
Conwents:
-55-
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-------
GENERAL LISTING
-------
KEW HAMPSHIRE
^f^-WA-1-1 £l">
rkit River
¦MA- 1 -2 [I)
' . —» ¦' ' \ /'TnTRiver NWR
w V f
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M#>kam«h k: *•»
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NWR
MA-15-1
MASSACHUSETTS
Scale 1:1,000,000
D-2
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Priority Wal< 'rb
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j -*U;r~ -''Vnn
Nahant
i?A J Severe"
Y? A--- S O S T c •/
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Priority Watortxjdy/Wetland Listinq
Name: Coastal Plain Pondshore Count in i l y
Geographic Limits; Plymouth and Cajie Cod
Resource Values: Over 20 species of rare plants; many regional and of national rarity.
Known /Potent i a 1 Potential for lowered water level by < ir,e of nearby wells; recreational and dovolopnontal
Threats-to Resource: pressures.
Comments:
-57-
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t:^Lr..v^Vl£nn"
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Priority W&terbody/Vfetland Listing
Name: Special Aquatic Sites Overlying Sole Source Aquifer Areas
Geographic Limits: Cape Cod; Nantucket Island
Resource Values; Recharge/discharge; water quality maintenance; many of these wetlands also have important
values for wildlife and recreation.
Known/Potential Residential development, particularly the construction of vacation and retirement homes. New
Threats to Resource: roadway construction on Cape Cod is also a concern.
Comnents: The actual potential for adverse impacts to the aquifer varies on a site-specific-hasis and
must be analyzed in each case.
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Priority Kt to rbndy/Wetland T.isting
Name: Special Aquatic Sites wil.liin llm ljiuwidiatc Witorsheds oH Surface I>i~i n!»i r*i Wat
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IViority 'Walorlnjly/Wetl^nd Li sfcity]
Name: Vtetlands adjacent to and bet\*">en Routes 128 and 4^5
Geographic Limits: The crescent shaped area enclosed by Routes 15 (128), 495, and 24 in eastern Mass.3chur.etts
Resource Values: Water quality maintenance; flood control; urhan oasis effect; aesthetics.
Known/Potential This area has been subject to explosive grcwth during the past decade resulting in severe
Threats to Resource: pressure on the remaining wetland systems. Local control is patchwork and inconsistent in
quality.
Garments: Threats may diminish if local protection efforts increase.
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Priority Vfeterbody/Wetland Listing
Name: Wetlands identified as important on state breeding and bird censuses
Geographic Limits: Variable.
Resource Values: These wetlands have been identified as important for breeding hi Ms.
Known/Ftotential Variable and site-specific; Any 404 regulated work in these areas would require close scrutiny.
Threats to Resource:
Comments: Hv»se censuses are in various stages of publication, hurtner information about particular
species is available from the Fish and Wildlife Service.
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SPECIFIC LISTING
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'(Crescent Bench
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Priority Waterborty/Wetlanrl Listing
Name: Belle Isle Marsh
Geographic Limits; floston, Rove re, and Winthrop
Resource Values; One of the last relatively large salt marshes in Poston Harbor.
Known/Potential Numerous private properties which abut the marsh system can result in activities that are
Threats to Resource; relatively small but, nevertheless, create cumulative adverse impacts over a long [r^ricxl op
time.
Conrnents: A portion oE this system is in public ownership.
-62-
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Priori fy Waterhody/tostlnnd Listing
Ncimo: Ruzzard's Pay
Geographic Limits: Vfetland systems surrounding the hay
Resource Values: Variety op coastal wetland systems; fisheries.
Known/Potentia 1 Increasing development pressure (mostly residential), especially in tidal flats and subneryod
Threats to Resource: tidal lands.
Convnents: The hay is currently the focus of a federal-state-local planning projram to develop an
Environmental Master Plan for the bay.
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Priority WaVerlx-* ly/Wetl.in? Lir^liivi
Nnino: O )d vi t o f' i vo r
Geographic Limits: Within Towns of: FJolhrook, Randolph, nni nraintroo
Resource Values: Water quality maintenance; flood control; waterfowl; no«' wai.niwatvr f:ishorins vn 1 i_io.
Known/Potential Various non-water rtepenlent fill projects have been prrposed in thn watershed (o.q. housing,
threats to Resource; light industry).
Comments: Baird and MaGuire, a hazatrlous waste site of the NPL exists in the headwaters.
-64-
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iri i
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Priority Wal<> rbr 11 y/Wet 1 nirl Listing
Name:
Gongamnnd T^akes ami Hog
Geographic Limits: Hampden County; SouHwick, Massachusetts
Resource Values:
Lakes are still good shape, but area is being vapidly developed. The bog between South FY>nd
and Spencer Fond is a fine lowland bog. Hie area overlies the Groat Brook acquirer which is
used for water supply for the region.
Known/Potential
Threats to Resource:
fticroachment fron garbage dump and solid waste disposal; pressure Cron residential development;
inadequate erosion control structures result in excessive runoff fron agricultural and
industrial areas.
Garments:
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s
CANADA
•i«
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M * ,' V>
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A'
FIGURE lit -1- RIVERS INCLUDED IN THE PROPOSED ACT'.ON.
- 19 -
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Priority Waterboly/V\>etlan1 r,i sting
Name: Connect i t;i11; R ivr
Geographic Limits: Hie river proper and spec i al agnatic sites within th^ floor! pin in
Resource Values: New England's largest river; warm ar*1 cold water Fisheries; F 1n restoration
plan. largest population of shad in the northeast. Habitat for several species oF Federally
proposed threatened invertebrates and one enbenic vetch. Also numerous plants, anima 1 s, and
natural communities of state and regional significance.
Known/Potential Highly variable, ranging from agriculture activity to road ani bridge projects to conmercial
Threats to Resource: developments. Water-dependent activities such as marinas and hydropow?r also generate
environmental concerns.
Cnrmtents:
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Dean
Isfand
-------
Priority W< 11/ -> rl >o 1 y/\ la 111 r» 1 T.isti irj
Name: Essex Riwor
Geographic Limits: Tbwn of Essex, including adjacent wetlanis and direct tributary systems
Resource Values: Soft shell cleans; anadromous alewifo and smelt; productive saltmarsh habitat.
Known/Potential Development pressure from residential and "dockominium" proposals; mos«"|ni to control. projects.
Threats to Resource:
Comments: The area is theoretically protected under the Massachusetts Area of Critical Environmental
Concern program.
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Priority Waterbody/Wotlairl Listing
Nome: French Riwr
Geographic Limits: "Ibwn oE Oxford
Resource Values: Flood storage; waterfowl; water quality maintenance.
Known/Fbtential Significant municipal and industrial discharges within the watershed.
Threats to Resource:
Comments:
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Priority W.ntoti><11y/We11 arr 1 Listing
Name: Groat Coilir Swamp
Geographic Limits: Town of Middleborough
Resource Values: Flood control; low-flow modulation; water quality maintenance; fislieries; wildlife.
Known/Potential Cumberland Farms, Inc. has converted several thousand acres of this wetland to pasture for
Threats to Resource; grazing.
Consents: Cumberland Farms, Inc. has been fined $540,000 and is required to restore the area to its
original condition. If restoration is satisfactorily completed by December 31, 1986, $390,000
of the fine will be waived.
-69-
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Priority Watorfrnrty/Vfetlarrl Listing
Name: Hockamock Swamp
Geographic Limits; Bristol County, 3-4 miles north of Taunton
Resource Values: Extensive cedar swamp; aesthetics; fish and wildlife habitat; rare canmunity typ°; flood
control; water supply.
Known/Potential Ehcroachments around tte perimeter for -industrial and residential development. Also
Threats to Resource: secornlary impacts from nearby highways.
Cofitnents:
-70-
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-------
Priority Wal:otf>oty/R?tr.l"in1 f,ir.I:irrj
Name: Moo; i c K i v*j r
Geographic Limits: Chesire Peservoir to tb* Vermont Ptate li ne
Resource Values: Cited by both Massachusetts Departmenl: of; Inland Fisheries and Wildlife and the Massachusetts
Division of Wetlarris Regulation as a valuable river/wetlard system.
Known/Potential Unknown.
Threats to Resource:
Consents:
-71-
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Priority Wab3ri >oly/Wo 1:1 nn 1 Listinq
Name
Housatonic River
Geographic Limits;
Fran ttalton, MA to the Connecticut River
Pesource Values:
High fish and wildlife value.
Known/Potential
Threats to Resource:
Vfetlorrls could be adversely affected during qio ratio nr. to clean up PCM contatnin.it ion in this
stretch of the river and the adjacent wetlands.
Conroents:
-72-
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A'.'mr
V Salisbury -'Afi
V Hetgnrs
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( I3*er
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j:
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C tr-i
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\ West
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cwnscnd
pperoll
hburnham
-------
Priority Wot'TUily/WoH.ind Listing
Name: Merrimack Uiv%»
Olographic Limits: The reach from TowoH, MA to Franklin, NM, including adjacent well.inds and dire:) tributaries
Resource Values: Waterfowl; fisheries; Flood storage and protection; anadrcmous fish; identified by WS as a key
river in their Atlantic Salmon restoration program.
Known/Potential General residential/ industrial development pressure; hydropower development.
Threats to Resource:
Conments: Protection oE tlie river system is new fragmented.
-73-
-------
o
X >"n n
/ - y ~>S' '
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VSV
4?.*^ f
• \%
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Severe Beach
-------
Priority Witerbody/Wetland Listing
No mo: Saugus, Revere and Pine R ive rs salt rrvirsh i nc biding JVaplane Ivisin
Geographic Limits: Tbwns of Saugus airi Revere, i nclndi t>j adjacent wetlands and direct tributary systems.
Resource Values: Valuable saltwater marshes conporsed of altineflora and patens in and around Rnshon urban
setting. Significant shellfish resources; anadrcmous fish; winter flounder; nesting for
migratory waterfowl; seawonn fishery.
Known/Potential Commercial, industrial, and residential development; placement of unstabilized highway fill for
liTreats to Resource: 1-95; the construction of the highway was later canceled. Hie .State of Massachusetts is
investigating alternatives for the removal of this fill; creation of federal navigation
channel; expansion of irarina facilities.
Gonments:
-74-
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Priority Waterbody/lfetland Listing
Name: Schenob Brook <.ind Dry Brook systom
Geographic Limits: Sheffield, MA
Resource Values: Over 25 sp?cies of rare plants and animals; one of the top calcareous wstlands in the state;
unique habitat type.
Known/Potential This area was once considered for a pimp storage facility which vaxild have inundated the
Threats to Resource: system; second hone development.
Comnents:
-75-
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, •* V • ' ' // 'Mr'-*' GJ-S-*V. /" /* •V:i' " ' /.
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-------
Priority Watorboly/We tlai* 1 Listing
Name: Swcedens Swamp
Geographic Limits; Seven Mi.le River waterslvd in Attleboro, Massachusetts
Resource Values: Flood storage; water quality maintenance; low flow modulation; bird and small mamma1 habitat.
Known/Potential Proposed shopping mall would have destroyed 30 acres of this 50 aero red roplo .qwamp.
llireats to Resource:
Conments: On May 13, 1986, EPA exercised its 404(c) authority to prohibit use of this site'for a shopping
mall.
-76-
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-------
GENERAL LISTING
-------
Priority Waterboty/Vfotlnnd Lis h i rv j
Name: Special Aquatic Sites within the Immediate Watersheds of Surface Ori riki r*| Water Tmiioundments
Gc?oqraphic Limits; Variable. Approximately 800 sudi impoundments (539 conmunity supplies; 34] non-community
supplies) exist in New England.
Resource Values: Wetlands in these areas will often lie important in maintenance of water quality. Likewise,
*£>rk in these wetlands has the potential to seriously impact water supplies.
Known/Potential Difficult to predict. Threats to these wetlands are uncormon, but are potentially serious.
Threats to Resource: Highway projects, as well as industrial and commercial development seem to be most common.
Garments: Wbrk in these areeas should automatically trigger careful EPA review and full coordination with
the Water Supply Branch. Special Conditions will likely apply to any permitted projects.
-77-
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-------
Priority Waterhody/Vtetland T.istmi
Mama; Tidal vj^tlatxls in Hampton, Rye, and h Hampton
CY>oqraphic Limits: Tbwns of Hampton, North Hampton, and Rye
Resource Values: Productivity; fish and wildlife habitat; food web support; aestheti cs.
Known/Potentia 1 Consid3rahle piecetneal destruction for residential and ainmerci al development.
Ihreats to Resource:
Caiments: Much unauthorized fill activity has taken place in this area.
-78-
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CoiMisIl fKil
SlMlnj'.furlil
tiidiUham^
Georges
Mills
:»lv t
(.luydon
tl» Cornish,
?'ivEiist
Lernpster ,
^ 1 Salisbury Hfeichtso Salisbury?;
Bloc{j;ett, Landing
,, North Sn(,ton * j' V ^
/Ml ' IlltU I. ¦««!*« '' x X |
i uftowj
?' New bury
I
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last Wri4hiiu
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ullivan .
MunsonWilt
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^Greenfield ^ j;
Hedford'
Newiields
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Corn
Brentwoo
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Rye N Uaach
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0
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\
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West Han»pstear»Vill^_ *
"V oLyndebor'ftURK. \ \ ) 'V t Derry ° [ -vX - u^oulti Dytiyflle\
\ •. , ' »Mo^nt Vernon \ ^ I **// \ v X ' ^ HampsW?ad*> N \ y
11 ®o7\%>uth Ly(i(fuhoroii|^h fet ^ P' erry ^ f ^ f , . t .Hdnipsttjif, /C^o ew'?.ln
\M Me„»ndck V ^ "V.onJiiWwtv I' \ ^
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w. .1 mhpw ; :¦«.—-r—,?* it VeSfTj;'- v.'/^ •'
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I'rii >ri ty U'll'-t l>ndy,A^! l.ir>1 Listing
Nnine: IJetland:" -itmI v.'W.etlyyli ps of Sotil.hor! ;l K!'-w !l unpr.lii r"
ttoonraphic Limits: Southeastern Ni«w Hampshire (Hi 1 Ishorrjtigh, Merrimack, Roclii iY|hain, Strap fori, at* I I»i11 li van
Counh ios).
Resource Values: Fish an! wildli fe; final control; w-ntor quality nvi intenance; recreation.
Known/Potential Industrial/resiilontial ».tevRlo|w?nt. Hi is area is oxp^rienci rxj rapid growth as Imrlroom
Threats to Resource; communities for Boston an1 Concord continue to exparrl.
Comments:
-79-
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Priority Waterbody/Wetlarri Listing
Name: Wetlands identified as important on state breeding and bird censuses
Geographic Limits: Variable. Cascade Marsh, New London, NH is an example of this. This marsh provides nesting
area for pie-billed grebes and long rails
Resource Values: These wetlands have been identified as important for breeding birds.
Known/Potential Variable and site-specific; Any 404 regulated *#>rk in these areas would require close scrutiny.
Threats to Resource:
Garments: These censuses are in various stages of publication. Further information about particular
species is available from the Fish and Wildlife Service.
-80-
-------
SPECIFIC LISTING
-------
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figure nt -1 - rivers included in the proposed action.
-------
Priority Waterboly/Wetlairl Listing
Name:
Geographic Limits:
Resource Values:
Krra-/n/Potential
Threats to Resource:
Gonments:
Connectirtit Rivf• r
Iho river prqier ami special aguatic sites within the Elooclplain
New England's largest river; warm and cold water fisheries; flood storage; anadromous fish;
shellfish in ths lower reaches; recreation. Major role in FWS Atlantic Salmon restoration
plan. Largest population of shad in the northeast. Habitat for several species of federally
proposed threatened invertebrates and otv-< enbenic vetch. Also numerous plants, animals, ami
natural ccmmunities of state and regional sign ificance.
Highly variable, ranging fron agriculture activity to road an! bridije projects to commercial
developments. Water-dependent activities such as nvirinas and hydr«>[*)wt;r also generate
environmental concerns.
-81-
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Priority WntoH;oly/Wot1 nr»l Listing
Name: Ccpps FV>nd and Copps Flwl Marsh
Geographic Limits: Hiftontxjro, NH
Resource Values: Identified by the New Hampshire Fish and Game PGpartment as a priority area. High quality
habitat for fish and wildlife.
Known/Potential Encroachment from residential development.
Throats to Resource:
Ccnments:
-82-
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Priority Watnrbody/Vfet1.nrr1 Listing
Name: Exeter River
Geographic Limits: Waters lied oE the river
Resource Values: Anadronous fish resources.
Known/Potential Hydrorlevotcpment.
Tlireats to Resource:
Comments:
-83-
-------
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Priority Wat.«*rl'M*ly/Wot l.nrv1 Listing
Nn«T>?: Lamprey River
Geographic Limits: Watershed of t_l>? rivor
Resource Valuer;: Anndromons fish including alewife, Coho salmon, and American shad.
Kncwn/Potontial llydrodeveltpment.
Ihreats to Resource:
Comments:
-84-
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East
Toosham
/2 Sa'TIajIcT
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River Newbury ^
- East Corinth
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Lyme
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Woodstock
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Camotonl ^
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Priority Waterbody/lfctlnnd Listing
Name: Merrimack River
Geographic Limits; The reach fron Lowell, MA to Franklin, NH, including adjacent wetlands and direct tributaries
Resource Values: Waterfowl; fisheries; flood storage and protection; anadromous fish; identified by FWS as a key
river in their Atlantic Salmon restoration program.
Known/Rjtentia1 General residential/ industrial development pressure; hydropower development.
Threats to Resource:
Garments: Protection of the river system is new fragmented.
-85-
-------
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1 *r io t: i ty Wn t<.? rl xy iy/Wo l: 1. n r» 1 Li r,t i iyj
Name:
North Mill
Geographic Limits: Tributary to the Pi.scat.-tqiia River ivvir Portsmouth
Resource Values:
Diversity of estuarine habitats; valuable for fish, shellfish, and wading birds; anadromous
fish including Atlantic salmon, shortnose sturgeon, smelt, and shad.
Known/Potential
Threats to Resource:
Strong development pressure from, among others, the New Hampshire TV^rt Authority and the City
of Portsmouth to fill intertidal coves for fastlartf creation. Proposal to build dam was
recently denied by the Army Coq^s of Engineers because of salt marsh habitat. There is also a
problem with silting due to erosion.
Comments:
-86-
-------
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lYiority Waterhody/Wetland Listing
Name: Piscatacjua River, Groat Bay and Little Bay estuaries
Geographic Limits: Tidal wetlands associated with the so estuaries (Rockingham and Strafford founti.es)
Resource Values: One of the largest estuaries in the country; anadromous fish.
Known/Potential Industrial and residential growth pressures.
Threats to Resource:
Ccimients:
-87-
-------
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Priorily Watorba 1y/We tla nd Listiry
Name: Sugar River
Geographic Limits: The watershed in Sullivan, Merrimack, art1 Grafton Counties, including adjacent wetlands and
their direct tributaries
Resource Values: Fisheries; waterfowl; water quality maintenance; recreational value.
Known/Potential The SCS has proposed a complex of nine dams in the watershed ostensibly for flood control and
Threats to Resource: recreation.
Comments: SCS reported ly has dropped six of the dams from consideration.
-88-
-------
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Priority Watorbody/Wetlarri Listing
Name: Lake Umbayog
Geographic Limits: Cairbridge and Coor County
Resource Values: Little development; outstanding wildlife habitat.
Known/Potential Proposed hydro development; twice targeted for deatomacoous earth dredging.
Threats to Resource:
Carmen ts:
-89-
-------
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Priority Waterbody/Wetland Listing
Name; Lake Winnipesauke area wetlands
Geographic Limits: Wetlands in the vicinity of Lake Winnipesauke, Belknap County
Resource Values: Water quality maintenance; aesthetics; fisheries.
Known/Potentia1 Second home development is the primary threat.
Threats to Resource:
Garments:
-------
RHODE ISLAND
-------
GEiERAL LISTING
-------
•
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1
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NinTsret-tfWR^
N-^ *M-2
^-^^Tru»t«>® Po«<» NWR
RI-3-2
RH3-4
.oC
Rh-3-3
|SL*
K®
50^'
Block Island
RHODE ISLAND
Scale Appro*. 1:452,571
I
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E-2
-------
Priority WalrrbrTdy/Wetl and Li st.itri
Noire?:
Orvistal marshes identified by KWT» ,ml RT Coaslal R«'\s< mrces Mana< |<-h»-dI. C««in-: i I nr. impjrl anl. Tor
ths Preservation of HI nek IXick
Go«x]raphi_c Li mi ts;
Pettasquainscutt Rjnd (200 acres)
Card F*:>nd (100 ac res)
Quonochontaug and Wi nnapaug Ibnds (30 ;icres ot»• I 80 acres)
Great Creek Salt Marsh
Colonel Willie Cove
Sheffield Cove
Mill Creel;
Resource Values:
Ftettasqwmscutt Fbnd- wintering black duck
Card Fbnd- wintering black duck, canvnsback, and redhead duck
Quonochontaug atvl Winnapaug Ponis- wintering black duck and canvnsback
Great Creek Salt Marsh- black duck and canvasbnck
Colonel Wil lie Covo- black duck and c-anvnslvick
Sheffield Cove- black duck and canvas I > ick
Mill Creek- black duck aul canvasback
Known/Potential
Threats to Resource:
tettasquamscutt Fbnd- possibly threatened
Card Pond- possibly threatened
Quonochontaug and Winnapaug Fbnds- possibly threatened
Conments: FWS (realty) uses three categories of threat: highly threatened
possibly threatened
mostly protected
Those areas arc by no means a FWS priorit y list of wetlands for New England, but rather coastal
wetlarrls important to wintering black ducks, a FWS National Species of Special Rnphasis.
-91-
-------
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ji\\* 8" a I- „ r, J, rJ ... .-)' V- < V. \"'v Charlostown / ff <
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l\ I i\ *»•>«, Dunn's N tf i ^ ^-r"'v®r-- »r / • . I ^ ' V-'- * |
^vli'ill C«rw',s Jw/fiL ' ) U Ninigrft ! onJ ^ * ctwrinown
• , 1 \# / *5^ V r "IUI Sl»n I 0,M» , - "-a- ,>? V j| I Vt
/V I V—, A-^Iv' ,1 M..vcrsh.»i^>3 .\ ?4 I y . : Mwat„co,»..*A,lOHA.u
s I : , 1 I / ^ Hite Airport I / 11'. tnixlinnliiiitil (i(iii(Knonir V 4 * 'r
Cm •/.,' /j . 4< l.1isqil.imicilt
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Priority Wal.e rbndy/Wetl.ml T.isi.itv/|
Name: Coastal Si 1L rvxvlr,
Geographic Limits:
South coast of Rhode Islanl with special attention to Porter Portl, Cards Pond, ft->int Judith
Rind, Ninigret Riud, and Ojicksand liwl. Also Groat Salt Ftond, Harbor Fbnd, and Shijxjovo n.md
on Block Island.
Resource Values; Fish spawning; shellfish; shorebirds; high recreational and aesthetic value.
Known/FOtential A major increase in residential development including the necessary infrastructure is possible.
Threats to Resource; Significant degradation of water quality will result from large-scale development.
Comments;
Rhode Island has recognized the value of these areas in a special area management plan.
-92-
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Priority Waterbaly/Wetland Listing
Name: Special Aquatic Sites within the Immediate Watersheds of Surface Drinking Water Impoundments
Geographic Limits: Variable. Approxiinabd y NW) such impoundments (S39 canmunity supplies; 341 non-cominunity
supplier,) exist in New England.
Resource Values: W?tlan1s in tie so areas will often he important in maintenance of water quality. Likewise,
~ work in these wetlands has I lie potential to .seriously impact water supplies.
Known/Potential Difficult to predict. Ihreats to those wetlands are uncomron, hul are potentially serious.
Threats to Resource: Highway projects, as well as industrial and coiinv;rcial development seem to be most coninon.
Comments: Wbrk in these areeas srouin aucomatieal ly trigger careful l\PA review -mi full coonlination with
the WLiter Supply Branch. Social Conditions will likely apply to .my permitted projects.
-93-
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Priority Waterboty/Vfetl.and Listing
Name: Special Aquatic .Sites Overlyi r>j .Sole .Source /Vju i Per Anns
Geographic Limits; Block Island
Resource Values: Recharge/discharge; water quality maintenance; many of tWise wetlands also have important
values for wildlife and recreation.
Known/Potential Residential development, particularly the construction of vacation and retirement l>xnes.
Threats to Resource:
Comments: The actual potential for adverse impacts to the aquifer varies on a site-specific tasis and
must he analyzed in each case.
-94-
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Priority Waterbody/Wetland Listing
Name: Wetlands identified as iin[>ortant on state breeding and bird censuses
Geographic Limits: Variable.
Resource Values; These wetlands have been identified as important for breeding birds.
Known/Potential Variable and site-specific; Any 404 regulated work in these areas would require close scrutiny.
Threats to Resource:
Corments: These censuses are in various stages of publication. Further information about particular
species is available from the Fisli arxl Wildlife Service.
-95-
-------
SPECIFIC LISTING
-------
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/0 •" ••*••• ¦•'.'•..•jf. .flutton woods; ••• _ € • \ *, ^\\V 'f Vy J1 V\ (f) t«iji
'• -f...;:.. , A X *'?! r^-a. " r !^:l IU • ) Fjit
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V- ,•' y* ?• •/ / / 1 I1 "| vV'i , i) l:// >¦: I // I, I i y? ¦ • V Ooli »uU • > J -••;,: v. JU- -?-> /
iili1 i v>y -• \ r*-r ..-5fc:«%r .v
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Priority Vfatecboly/Wbtl.afvl iirj
Name: Greenwich IViy
Geographic Limits: coastal wetlanls, especially Mary's ('rock Ryr->t(
Resource Values: Important to shellfish management area productivity; larval Fisli development:.
Known/Potential Vfctlanris encroached upon 1-y commercial marina ni>1 private residential development.
Tlireats to Resource:
Comnents:
-96-
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rrinrily W iti>rl mly/WoM ,m 1 I.ir.l iivi
N-in>"': 100 A'-i;o <'»>v»/ I'n rii>|!on «iwr- v.">! !.«n Is
Cioogrnphic Mjni Is: TVirrinrjlon arrl SoHionk
Rnsoucoe Valuesj tmporl anl i.o slvl If ish inan«>.jornont artvi; larval fish; fchroatonod avian species.
Known/fetcntiaI Prinnril / rosirhni-.inl (lovol'^n-Mit .
Threats to Resource:
Cmnents: This nroa is imfwicl^l hy rlovol'pnnnl in l*>l:h Mnsrviohii!".ot;!-.s anl R1h*1<; Inland.
-97-
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Priority Watorboiy/Wetlanrl T.istirrj
Name: Kickemuit River
Geographic T.imits: Tbwns of Bristol and Warren
Resource Values: Anadromous resource; includes extensive salt marsh areas.
Known/Potential Primarily residential development.
Threats to Resource:
Corments:
-98-
-------
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Priority Vfaterbody/Vfetlnnd Listing
Name: Lonsdale Marshes
Geographic Limits: Previdence County in Central. Falls.
Resource Values: Open floodplain on the Rlackstone River, grass and sedge inarsli of" high value for waterfowl and
muskrats.
Known/Potential Serious psst encroachments have reduced the systern to roughly 2r> acres. Pressure Fran a
II-treats to Resource: variety of existing and propose! developments.
Comments:
-99-
-------
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Priority WaterrtxT 1 y/Wot It rrl Ustiirj
Name: rvx^up U iwr
GcograpJiic Limits: Within Towns of Foster ami Coventry
Resource Values: An intactf relatively undeveloped system; boavor rin-J trout pnpulnl. ions.
Known/Potential No known immediate threats, lxit tlvj .urea is not nf forrled any special protection.
Thrents to Resource:
Conments:
-100-
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Priority VtoterbodyAtetlarrl Listing
Name: Palmer Rivor
Geographic Limits; Tbwns of Barrington aril Warren
Resource Values: An unspoiled system where such areas are scarce; excellent diversity of community typos;
anadromous fish? rare plants and animals; Atlantic Salmon restoration.
Known/Potential Regulation hy both Rhode Islanrl arrl Connecticut; marina development? commercial and industrial
Ihreats to Resource: discharges may affect water quality.
Comments:
-101-
-------
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Priority Waterbody/Vfetlnnd Listing
Name: Pawcatuck/V*x>d River System
Geographic Limits; Flocrtplain wetlands
Resource Values: Anartronous fish; identified by FWS as a key river in their Atlantic Salmon rest-oration program;
watmwaher fishery; recreation.
Knqwn/Potential Piecemeal encroachments upon the floodplain and shoreline.
Threats to Resource:
Conments: This system is on the Nationwide Rivers Inventory.
-102-
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Priority WntnrlxjIyAJetl.ind Mating
Name: Pawtuxol 'Hvc.t
Oconr^nhic Limits: South branch of th^ PiwtuxeI: River
Resource Values: Larrje expanses of valuable freshwater wetlands, including ^> nrrl shallew marsh, wooded swamp,
and Croe Clowiny tributary streams.
Known/Pbtential The prq**"od Hjq River Reservoir project.would inundate 570 acres of high qual i ty wotlaivl with
Throats to Resource: major impicts to wild life and recreation.
Carments: Ibis is currently tin larrjest prrpoj-^l loss of wetlands in the r'tjinn.
-103-
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-------
Priority Write rlxxty/Wetlarid Listing
Name: lV>ttngii
-------
I*. it'iAofnul
Mucks Point
(In!*
.v
v O
r.nlt
Cucli
Koch* j.Round '
Nock r
W
>p Sca'abrtni
Mofir
fi-
('.¦ill <"• l< >'•-•
\ Norlli
IV.|
-------
Priority horborty/W-.?t.lr»rrl Listing
Name: F*;>towomut River
Geographic Limits; Warwick and North Kingston
Resource Values: R>tential anadrcroous and waterfowl resource; low intensity use estuary includes a good
proportion of salt marsh.
Known/Potentia1 Residential (tevelopment.
Threats to Resource:
Comments:
-105-
-------
Priority Waterbody/Wetlarri Listing
Name: Potts Roy
Geographic Limits: Washington and Kent Counties near Past Greenwich
Resource Values: Typical southern New England bog.
Known/Potential Highway construction arrl a rapidly developing area.
"Threats to Resource:
Comments:
-106-
-------
-------
GENERAL LISTING
-------
Priority Waterbaty/Vtetland Listing
Nan*;: Special /Vjuatic Sites within the Immediate Watersheds of Surface Drinking Witer Im|r>undimnl s
Geographic Limits: Variable. Approximately RTO stich impoundments (539 community supplies; 341 non-crmnun i ty
supplies) exist in New England.
Resource Values: Wetlands in thego areas will often be important in maintenance of water quality. Likewise,
work in these wetlands has the potential to seriously impact water supplies.
Known/PDtential Difficult to predict. Threats to these wetlands are uncanmon, hut are potentially serious.
Threats to Resource; Highway projects, as well as industrial and commercial development seem to be most common.
Cements: Wbrk in the9e areas should automatically trigger careful EPA review and full coordination with
the Water Supply Branch. Special Conditions will likely apply to any permitted projects.
-107-
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Priority WTtocbody/Vfetland Listing
Name: Vfctlands identified as iin[iort.anl. on state brooding air! bird uMir.ur"P.
Geographic Limits: Variable.
Resource Values: These wetlards have been identified as important for breeding birds.
Known/Ptttential Variable and site-specific; Any 404 regulated wrk in these areas would require close scrutiny.
Threats-to Resource:
Garments: These censuses are in various stages of publication. Further information abcut particular
spepies is available from the Fish and Wildlife Service.
-108-
-------
I // I .*•' \ i¦•>!¦' t
V , i - ' p Minium e j -/W
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eicester Juni .
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N Springfield ^
North 6-harlestown
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Unity
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r; Goshen^
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Arlington
^Osf AfliujMon
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Springfield"
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^ __X 1 (Charlcstown l en'P^er,
' Peru I (TmTo"nsv~ilfeV T*S V .fast
1 tfV | t | ondondeffy I A Aywortln- Lempster
,rnun,vill- | .South Londonderry Rork,.,rhum\ »ntti Cltrtihistown ^W^hingioti
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bury t, $u{fth Sittlo
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tyAicrh-o
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s. Wlntlfidin
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HondvdU: |
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tin -•*. ». ti"»nth charImsIo'
Bolton V/ . L.mcd.vn
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a.,.l.r.clt;.T..it , ^ U w ,|||„,|(
*(*llov.s Tails y" ~
eutiniiislfi T\ 4
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ifbtminster • t,\
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Sooth AIIu ms r vV
' vu... Hallows I alt\ .
N Wf^liniiish*! l>«ev»sv»ll
jonioii cj
^ t Wpi»t Towii&Ihmhi
Wi-'driniister West <*
!ti WanK/Mjro ^ . . . . , .lawJtvwt
Center i VVarcfsf>oro ^Hjnmmyville u i
l iv<-.f W.inKfinro *i \
•• • • • «-» • • A at a I %'.t \\(
Alh.u-ad
(.riiU-r
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' ll-vvc
f ast Al-.t. jil I i,
'M.irlow HilHboro
// . /. I
/alpole
Slodd.nd '
I
rhrisli.tii u
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Siirw i . Siilliviin
..;/
ilKf>oro
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»oto Upp*'1
Center
Mill'.l
Ntxfh
Hranih
I Aolrnti
-------
Priority Watorbaly/Wetlarol Listing
Name: l^l; of Rutland ami Wiinlsor Count ion
CV^oprnphic Limits: Grain ly lines
Resource Values: Water quality nointononoo? f l >nl s.
Cofmients:
Know/I^tentj^
Threats to Resource:
-10')-
-------
SPECIFIC LISTING
-------
Priority Watorbaly/Wetlaril Listing
Name: Ab!x?y Hind
Geographic Limits: Ripton, Addison County
Resource Values: Classified as a significant natural area by the Vermont Nature Conservancy and an
area in need of protect ion by the \fennont Natural Resources Council.
Known/Potential Rstential for porrishore development, although no proposals at this time.
Threats to Resource:
Comments:
-110-
-------
*' I'AUI
Piattsburrn
. i:.:vton
Sfo»t '
A, ¦¦
V +s y.
\yQ „ \ Cr»r:;3n
\ _. n"On cP~—*'/ \vx . . - .
A^Tssi^"00 ^ N\ ,<¦;¦¦ -\. .
-:"'C,.o \ ••:'^. • 't ^'f'VvV
* \<1 VLTs s / r I ^ -¦ Y-
2/.T->ese ¦• ;c
. /
*~ f - f..; —\" yse-. 5s-8«"
A"
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Do fe»r |rt>"*KI
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V I T* in ~ I '
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- f-^3 r ***°c*r
. -«m-r re*1""
•Ci-rtf — ,
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r"r^ r
i .-•:.- .It-r
-------
Priority Waterbaly/Wetlarri Listing
Name: Lake Champ la in
Geographic Limits: Wetlands bordering the eastern shore of the lake (Chittenden, Franklin and Aridison Counties)
Resource Values; Flood storage; nutrient control; aesthetics; water quality maintenance; fish and wildlife
habitat; some invertebrate species unique to Vermont.
Known/Potential Burlington, \fermont is one of the fastest growing areas in the United States. New road
Threats to Resource: construction, commercial development, heme building, and marina development are all threats
to the resource.
Comnents:
-111-
-------
Priority Waterbody/Wetland Listing
Name: Chickering Bog
Geographic Limits; Calais, Washington County
Resource Values: Classifieri as a significant natural area by the Vermont Nature Conservancy and an
area in need of protection by the \fermont Natural Resources Council.
Known/Potential Timber harvesting.
Threats to Resource:
Conments: Part o£ this bog is owned by the Nature Conservancy.
-112-
-------
/ ,»>
L L E T T S
BAY
/ A ^'-'^"coates Island
//. >r\ •; / *
kg-./ ^
' ' '*si I >
School No 4
./ 'c^?!
•..' .VBayside /
Elakey i>c.)^
w- ,#v Ytf
^NShipman Hill \ •> ,
^ *¦ Pine Island
\ rsj . -«. * ,
; I
' - I
wiw
ayerTr/? "'7
<.?.ch - i \ ¦ ¦/ • "£.¦
^ fev -'(f
'•V Thayer
-------
Priori hy Watorbaly/Wctl anl ristirnj
Name: Colchester Hrxj
Geographic Limits; Colchester, Chittealen County
Resource Values: Classified as a significant natural area by the Vermont Nature Conservancy and an
area in need of protection hy the Vermont Natural Resources Council .
Known/Pbtential None known at this time.
Threats to Resource:
Garments:
-113-
-------
/
//
Canada
r
/Ci
(Q Iv-~
jj—: vLir- s > j-'ZL .
t ^ *_ » N' - w*r:^!i. r:^
"HypS r bV^^\
^ ./rCxj, y-- ^. ~ r^-v.\
^•\
v.
\f>; jT^n\Aj iFQJ?S
,^/' v.-tTr^' ur.*iKP-^
' • r'/ *i H- . V: L .' -v-- —•* ' V > -_-- ^~- —"""i
' V t ?" f > i )P 1 i • / v*
.'/ ; -j /". ^ ii
A
FJGUF.E III -1. RlVEriS INCLUDED IN THE PROPOSED ACTION.
-------
Priority Kiterl wnly/Wel lml l.isl ir>|
Kuno: Gunned; in it Ri«'
Gcoqraphic Limits: Hie river proper and special rrjmtic sites within tW? floodplain
Resource Values: New England's largest river; won ami cold waiter fisheries? flood storage; anarlront»is fish;
shellfish in tb:> lower r«aclv»s; rwroation. Ma jor role in FWS Atlantic Salmon r«s l-n rat ion
plan, la rc jest |*Tpulation of shad in t he northeast. Habitat for several. species or federally
proposed threatened invertHnales -ireI <*10 on!icriic vetch. Also nunvrous plants, animals, and
natural canmuniti.es of stale at»] regional si1 jni f i cance.
Known/Potential Highly var iable, rar*j.i.rg fr<>n agrienli an< aet ivily to ro.nl aid brid.|-« projects ho conrnercia!
llireats toltesource: developB^nfcS. Wjter-de|iend>nt activil ies sm-h as imrinas and hydropovr also generate
environmental concerns.
Cements:
-114-
-------
/
¦Vf/
f V* ' 1
v\^
361
o
€-3,
-------
Priority Wntotrlxidy/Wetland Listing
Name: Cornwall Swamp
Geographic Limits: Addison County, Cbrnwall, \fermont
Resource Values: Vast swamp dominated by red maple and seasonally flooded flatlands bordering Otter Crook;
fltxxl storage; recharge/discharge functions; fish and wildlife. Provides habitat for one
federally proposed endangered plant species. Also numerous other plant species of state and
regional significance.
Known/Potential Timbering and agriculture.
Threats to Resource:
Comments:
-115-
-------
— ya«$ao*s
try.a/ \:- r ,J.o /?•?< y
;.:, k ;.W /¦. :'r/v -.-¦•¦ . Y"'.•;•.""•> i>; f .^v . ^.•.•-¦ >.
^,^>h•• '<•*/*";;r~r^./ R:\:V j o' v »
¦¦'.<¦¦'• jix. T. rC' Mrn Hock V * ; r\!4> I '"J* fj I I
N>^s>^r.-r-'«3 ^ ,^r. V '. .,V£ *-4'-r.'.-;&> '~ ~=2fc/ 7Bo» y.-^ // 'V •' ^ -••»* ;-SiN -.( /.i
^ r~-;.., :-^.4//ar6or ' .^^aam-Harfcor VJ:—,f\)('~\ !'"
¦£!/v|i>- KTrt'"iW5«- . * <5:--^ • ? <-d3fc=J>"1— »' Haw Ha r6or<^__>»,. , » • /- " . x.-'
Seh
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95
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V*.\Vestport
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tiarb'orfc /_ T"' >-5^-1 Vv"' •'«-» '
HarbojQ^gZjt _. , ' Yt _ ^ - /-.-^T-':3 J
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S^ton I'}
Bay
^'/-•' >r^ *¦ -v ¦
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-j-
V> ' -- - ' t" - "f-'i/V^wns
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':=- H h' '• I „\ >! ^/' i'I?"'./^!/
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^ yf ,.:"-C£^/ /
r?- c*^yL - • i /v •- ^ ^-.
_2j|;r.js. - "r\~'-—'V u
White Hay) K -t' T tl ^ ,
'-¦ r/ /{'i"/hs^ •• ->:• { f. - i\ 3
Mud" ^ -i .. bJ ':L ' -M-ri A vV '° •
Spaviding). !.'• /: f: ' "¦
Siy /,.. -- /¦' - '" ) ', Potash * y
^ Sch _
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y.~~
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Fs%-. fSt Auu lij/ »n
* V
n *..
-------
Priority VJatorboly/W^tl.ind T.istinq
Name: Ffcad Creok Marsh
Geographic Limits: Addison, Panton, Acldison County
Resource Values: Classified as a significant natural area by the Afermont Nature Conservancy and an
area in need of protection by the Vermont Natural Resources Council.
Known/Potential Potential for marsh shoreline development.
Threats to Resource:
Comients:
-116-
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Priority Watorba ly/Wetlait1 Listing
Name: Dorset Marsh
Geographic Limits; Dorset, Bennington County
Resource Values: Classified as a significant natural area by the Vermont Nature Conservancy and an
area in need of protection by the \fenront Natural Resources Council.
Known/Potential Creation of fastland for second homes.
Threats to Resource:
Comments:
-117-
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Beadles] J*
Larrab
. v • •
\ .
« 6*59
» .. * Hou jh Crr-j3i-
Sen
II / yU '-V. / ,-, „ \ "!
jfjL \ ;j'
raw
Chipmaiu
Lak«yie
bt (3*aj rile •
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v > v • ~,\ T' '¦-
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-------
Priority Wahorb
-------
A j.R E . N , D 0 , N
T'.-Vi I
I ' ;
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PVa'-"''"" ''
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Priority Waterloo Iy/Wet1.a*»i I.i si inq
Nome
FiTiold r»>iKi IVxi
Geographic Limits: Wallirrjfotrl, Rutlanl County
Resource Values: Classified as a significant natural area by the Vermont Nature Conservancy and an
area in need of protection by the Verrmnt Natural Resources Council.
Known/Potentia1 Timber harvesting.
Threats to Resource:
Comments:
-119-
-------
Priority Waterbody/Wetland Listing
Name: Franklin Bog
Geographic Limits: Franklin, Franklin County
Resource Values; Classified as a significant natural area by the Vermont Nature Conservancy and an
area in need of protection by the Vermont Natural Resources Council.
Known/Potentia1 Timber harvesting.
Threats to Resource:
Comnents:
-120-
-------
Priority WitrMrlxTdy/VJetl nr»l T.i rLii>i
Name: Intervnlo
Geographic Limits: Burlington, Chittorrien County
Resource Values: Classified as a significant natural area by the Vermont Nature Conservancy and an
area in need of protection hy the Vermont Natural Resources Council.
Known/Potential Landfill leaching; housing developments.
Threats to Resource:
Gomments:
-121-
-------
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Priority Wnl.oH>ndy/Wo tinrrl Listing
Nan**: long l\>rx! Swamp
Geographic Limits: Greensboro, Orleans County
Resource Values: Classified as a significant natural area by the Vermont Nature Conservancy and an
area in need of protection by the Vermont Natural Resources Council.
Known/Potentia 1 Timber harvesting; shoreline dovelopmont.
Threats to Resource:
Ccmnents:
-122-
-------
*') m.'.-ji,-, i.-
an 1 b rX>ok
I'— ^ \ \LJG"T
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-------
Priority Vtot<»rbctly/WoI:ll
afljacx^nt w?tlands. (Orleans County)
Resource Values: Cold water Cisliery; recreation; aesl li >tics; wi Mil h.ihitai .
Known/FtotentiaI Arjricullure; resiilential develo|>fnoni:; water quality ilixjrailaM'on.
"threats to Resource:
Comments:
-1 23-
-------
Nofth End
Ce^n
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Point
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Priority Water!* «1y/M:> tl. my! I.isl irrj
Naw: Missirv |n«u M iir.h
Geographic Limits: Swanbon, Highyate, Franklin County
Resource Values: Classified as a significant natural area by the Vermont Nature Conservancy and an
area in neorl of protection by the Vermont Natural Resources Council.
Known/Potential None known at this time.
Threats to Resource:
Garments:
-124-
-------
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-------
Priority WTl\ert>o1y/toritlanfl Listing
Name: Moll/ Poj
Geographic Limits: Morristown, Lamoille County
Resource Values: Classified as a significant natural area by tb? Vermont Nature Conservancy ami an
area in need oC protection by the Venront Natural Resources Council.
Known/Potential Housing developments; timber harvesting.
Ihreats to Resource:
Ccmnents:
-125-
-------
"12
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-------
Priority VtoteriKily/Wetlarrl Lisl-.iirj
Nome: TV>ni-lvHU IVyj
Geographic Limits; Ffeachatn, Caledonia County
Resource Values: Classified as a significant natural area by the Vermont Nature Conservancy and an
area in need of protection by the Vermont Natural Resources Council.
Knrwn/Potentia1 None known at this time.
'Ihreats to Resource:
Comments:
-126-
-------
Priori'/ Watf'rhaly/Vfctlanrl Listing
Name: Pownal rv>j
Geographic Limits: Fbwnal, Rannington County
Resource Values: Classi fried as a significant natural area by the Vermont Nature Conr,r?rvancy and an
area in need oE protection by the Nfctiront Natural Resources Council.
Known/Potential tone known at this time.
Threats to Resource:
Cormicnts:
-127-
-------
M
11 M
304
B M
CuliU-il
cfl
Briggs
Hill
\J C li B T E
Huntley I
V'V
-------
Priority WatoH>oly/Wotlarr1 T.isl.ii>i
Namnt Mature ('¦ >irv;ruancy and an
area in rn^xl of protection liy tl>« Venn>nh Natural Ror-ources Council.
Known/Potential Potential for i.imb-r Inrvesti irj.
"Ilireats to Resource:
Comment?;:
-------
'.j •['/' f tit N'i » 4 '¦ Ml
^ S -\ /v I > tJA /V 3 p 4 I | / VI HK o 4 Mt Ml
i 2"30
U;m > Or L-I.Ull -1-.1 ¦
6J7J II NIV I
I(Ut.OHWA PLAINS! ivtsr Mil ropy u 4 All '
V
m-
WILDLIFE
UKKUGK
o v
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^ \
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( WII.DI.lfE - A X t
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N<^_\
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/ • ~ / - " " ¦ - v
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I V/.S
Cljy Point ( ff" , ''"-1
' " / » » "
: Camp Norflr ft * "
• • ~ ' • ¦'¦'/>/ > t s .
I -< wi -pi
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•' ' (¦¦';.{¦ /¦/W'<
•; / •
-------
Priority Utl:erbody/We11 arri Listing
Nnmo: Sandbar Mn rsh
Geographic Limits; Milton, Chittenden County
Resource Values: Classified as a significant natural area by the Venront Nature Connervancy and
area in need of protection by the \fermont Natural Resources Council.
Known/Potential None known at this time.
Threats to Resource:
Ccmnents:
-129-
-------
Priority Watertxxly/Wetland Listing
Name: Scanhon Rog
Geographic Limits: Branlon, Rutland County
Resource Values: Classified as a significant natural area by the Vermont Nature Conservancy and an
area in need of protection by the Vermont Natural Resources Council.
Known/Potentia 1 Water level alterations fran damming.
Threats to Resource:
Comments:
— 130-
-------
Priority Watorboly/Wetlanrt Listing
Name: Vernon Rlnck Gum Swamp
Geographic Limits; \fernon, Windham County
Resource Values: Classified as a significant natural area by the Vermont Nature Conservancy and an
area in need of protection by the Vermont Natural Resources Council.
Known/Potential Timber harvesting.
Threats to Resource:
Comments:
-131-
-------
l»riority Wcilerboly/WoLlanl Listing
Name: West Rutland Marsh
(teographic Limits; West Rutland, Rutland County
Resource Values: Classified as a significant natural area by the Vermont Nature Conservancy and an
area in need of protection by the Vermont Natural Resources Council.
Known/Potentia1 Industrial development,
'llireats to Resource:
Comments:
-132-
-------
APPENDIX I
COPY OF REGIONAL ItFORffiTION REQUEST LETTER
-------
[ADDRESS]
Dear [NAME]:
The Environmental Protection Agency is revising and updating its
List of Priority Wetlands for New England (copy attached). This
list, first compiled in May, 1985, identifies wetlands and other
waterbodies that we believe are of high value or which are in danger
of environmental degradation. As such i-t identifies areas that may
benefit from additional protection beyond what is provided by cur-
rent state and federal regulatory programs. Those areas that are
not currently on the list still receive full protection under the
existing laws. This list was compiled after consultation with many
knowledgeable people in New England.
However, the present list is by no means complete. There are
probably areas that should be included that are not. There may
also be areas that are listed as priority wetlands/waterbodies that
should not be because they are already adequately protected by some
other means or, unfortunately, have already been degraded or
destroyed.
EPA has several authorities with which to provide additional protec-
tion to priority resources. Under §404(c) of the Clean Water Act,
EPA may prohibit or restrict dredge or fill discharges into waters
of the United States, including wetlands. Although 404(c) is
commonly thought of as our "veto" authority over Corps permits, it
is important to note that it can be used to designate areas in
advance of any discharge. In addition, EPA can initiate a planning
process called "Advanced Identification of Disposal Sites" (AIS).
This procedure, described in Section 230.80 of the EPA 404(b)(1)
Guidelines, allows EPA and the Corps, in cooperation with state and
local authorities to identify sites as being unsuitable (or
suitable) for the discharge of dredged or fill material. Again,
this mechanism can be used prior to the receipt of permit applica-
A-l
-------
tions by the Corps of Engineers. Unlike 404(c) an AIS designation
does not prohibit or restrict work in a given area, but provides an
advance indication of whether a permit application is likely to be
approved or denied. Both authorities can protect valuable re-
sources while reducing the controversy that now often surrounds
major 404 permit applications since developers should be aware of
these designations before committing resources to a project. Both
of these approaches are excellent planning tools which mesh well with
state and local wetland protection efforts. In cases where re-
sources are threatened by illegal dredge and fill work, EPA could
develop a strategy to improve our enforcement presence in the area.
Your assistance in updating this list of priority wetlands and
waterbodies is essential. Because you are more familiar with the
wetland resources in your area, we request that you review the
existing list for accuracy and completeness, and suggest any needed
changes. We would like to know the present status of the wetlands
and waterbodies on the list. Should any of the entries be deleted?
Which should be accorded further protection through AIS or 404(c)?
Are there wetlands or other waterbodies in your area that are not
on the list that should be? It is important that you include your
reason for any suggested changes.
We would appreciate your response by August 10, 1986 as we must
provide headquarters with an updated list by August 15, 1986. If
you have any questions, please contact either Pam Shields
(617-223-0766) or Tom Addison (617-223-0721). Thank you for your
ass istance.
Sincerely,
David A. Fierra
Director, Water Management Division
Attachment
cc: J. Meagher, OFA (A-104)
G. Peck, OFA (A-104)
A-2
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Mr. Michael A. Aurelia
72 Oa-; Ridge Street
Greenwich, CT 06830
Mr. J.A. Davis Banks
Preserve the Wetlands, Inc.
P.O. Box 8, Ro^atton Station
Norwslk, CT 06853
Mr. Dennis Cunningham, Director cc: Rick Huntley
Water Resources Unit Maria Butts
Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection
165 Capitol Avenue
Hartford, CT 06115
Mr. Dennis P. DeCarli
Deputy Commissioner
Preservation and Conservation Division
Department of Environmental Protection
State Office Building
Hartford, CT 06106
Mr. Michael Ludv/ig
National "arine Fisheries Service
212 Rogers Avenue
Milford, CT 06460
Rea King McCarty
Heritage Land Preservation Trust, Inc.
Box 596
Torrington, CT 06790
Ms. Nancy Murray
Natural Resources Center
165 Capitol Avenue, Room 553
Hartford, CT 06106
Dr. John Reiger
Connecticut Audubon Society
2325 Burr Street
Fairfield, CT 064 30
Mr. John F. Reilly III
Connecticut Wildlife Federation
27 Washington Street
Middle town, CT 064 57
Mr. Art Roque
Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection
Planning and Coordination/ Coastal Management
71 Capitol Avenue
Hartford, CT 06106
A-3
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Ms, Suzanne C. Wilkins
Land Trust Service Bureau
Box MiMM, Wesleyan Station
Middletown, CT 06457
Dr. Barry L. Wulff
Natural Resources of Connecticut, Inc.
234 Main Street
P.O. Box 72
Danbury, CT 06810
Spencer Apollonio, Ccrnmissioner
Departirent of Marine Resources
State Office Building
Augusta, ME 04333
Mr. Teco Brom, Director
Division of Licensing and Review
Bureau of Land Qjality Control
Maine Department of Environmental Protection
State House, Station 17
Augusta, ME 04333
Mr. Charles Hewett
Maine Audubon Society
Gilsling Farm
118 U.S. Route One
Falmouth, ME 04105
Glenn H. Manuel, Commissioner
Department of Inland Fisheries and YJildlife
284 State Street
Augusta, ME 04333
Mr. Don Witherill
Maine Department of Environmental Protection
.Bureau of Land Quality Control
State House, Station 17
Augusta, ME 04333
Mr. Harold E. Wbodsom
Maine Coast Heritage Trust
P.O. Box 426
Northeast Harbor, ME 04662
Mr. Gordon Abbott, Jr.
Trustees of Reservations
224 Adams St.
Milton, MA 02186
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Dr. Henry Art, Chairman
Depsrtnent of Biology
Williams College
Ki 11 i ans town, MA 01267
Lincoln, MA 01773
Mr. Gsrard A. Bertrand
Massachusetts Audubon Society
SOUuh oIT<5:c3t rOfid
Lincoln, M= 01773
Ms. Lois Bruinooge, Director
Massachusetts Association of Conservation Commissions
Lincoln-Filene Center
Tufts University
Medford, MA 02115
Ms. Priseilia Chapman
Sierra Club
New England Chapter
3 Joy Street
Boston, MA 02108
Mr. Gary Clayton, Acting Director
Division of VJat lands and VJatsrways Regulation
Department of Environmental Quality Engineering
One Winter Street
Boston, MA 02108
Mr. Philip G. Coates, Director
Division of Marine Fisheries
State Office Building
100 Cambridge Street
Boston, HA 02202
Mr. Richard Crcnin, Director
Division of Fisheries and Wildlife
State Office Building
100 Cambridge Street
Boston, MA 02202
Mr. Richard Dslaney, Director cc: Mike Penny
Massachusetts Coastal Zone Management
100 Cambridge Street
Boston, Ma 02203
Mr. Paul Kress
Massachusetts Wildlife Federation
295 East Riding Drive
Carlisle, MA 01741
A-5
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Dr. Aimlee D. Laderman
P.O. Box 689
Woods Hole, MA 02543
Mr. Howard Larsen, Regional Director
Fish and Wildlife Service, Region V
U.S. Department of the Interior
One Gateway Center, Suite 700
Newton Corner, MA 02153
Amherst, MA 01003
Dr. Joseph S. Larson
Environmental Institute
University of Massachusetts
Amherst, MA 01003
Mr. William F. Lawless, Chief cc: Mike Sheehan, Walthan COE
Regulatory Branch Al Laraway, VT COE
Operations Division
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
New England Division
424 Trapelo Road
Waltham, MA 02254
Mr. Chris Mantzaris
National Marine Fisheries Service
Federal Building, 14 Elm Street
Gloucester, MA 01930
Dr. Norton Nickerson
Department of Biology
Barnum Hall
Tufts University
Medford, MA 02155
Ms. Arleen O'Donnell
Massachusetts Audubon Society
Lincoln, MA 01773
Ms. Jenny Oemland
New England Rivers Center
3 Joy Street
Boston, MA 02108
Mr. Dennis E. Wblkoff
The Mature Conservancy
294 Washington Street
Boston, MA 02108
Dr. Alan P. Annan
U.S. Soil Conservation Service
Federal Building
Durham, NH 03824
A-6
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Mr. Charles E. Barry, Exucutive Director
Fish ?.n~ Game Department
34 h"ic.z^ Street
Concord, I2H 03301
Mr. Lesley \\ Corey, Jr.
Audubon Society of New Hampshire
P.O. Box 52BB
3 Silk Farm ?.oad
Concord, NK 03331
Ms. Jane Doughty
Seacoast Anti-Pollution League
5 Market Street
Portsmouth, NH 03801
Mr Alan Crabtree, Executive Director
Fish and Game Department
34 Bridge Street
Concord, NH 03301
Mr. Delbert Dov-ning, Chairman
New Hampshire Ketlands Board
State of Nsv Hampshire
37 Pleasant Street
Concord, NH 03301
Dr. Martin !'ichener
126 Witches Spring Road
Hoi lis, NH 03049
Ms. I'arjorie Swope
New Hampshire Association of Conservation Commissions
54 Ports-outh Street
Concord, NH 03301
Mr. Michael Annarummo
Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management
38 State Street
Providence, FI 02908
Mr. Victor Bell
Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management
38 State Street
Providence, RI 02908
Mr. John M. Cronan, Chief
Division of Fish and Wildlife
Washington County Government Center
Tower Hill Road
Wakefield, RI 02879
h-1
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Mr. Alfred L. Hawk.es
Audubon Society of Rhode Island
40 Bowen Street
Providence, RI 02903
Mr. Peter Janaros, Chief
Division of land Resources
Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management
38 State Street
Providence, RI 02908
Mr. Jc'nn Lyons, Chairman
Coastal Resources Management Council
State of Rhode Island
60 Davis Street
Providence, RI 02908-5080
Dr. E.B. Henson
102 Adams Street
Burlington, VT 05401
Mr. Stephen B. Syz
Water Resources Planner
Agency of Environmental Conservation
Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering
Montpelier, VT 05602
Norman E. Wright, Commissioner
Fish and Wildlife Department
State Office Building
Montpelier, VT 05602
^-3
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APPENDIX II
COPIES OF RESPONSES TO REGIONAL LETTER
-------
STATE OF COKKECTICUT
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
natural rrso'jF.CES CE:;Tir.
165 Cepitol Avenue, F.oor 555
Kc-rtford, Connecticut CC1C-S
Connecticut Natural Diversity L.eta B&se
?:r Shields
U £' - r A
J7II Federal Euildinn
21st Floor
Ecsten, MA 02203
July 17, 1986
D£E>r Ms. Shields,
The following is in response to your request for inforcation
cr. three areas in Connecticut, 1) Stratford-Great Meadows, 2)
C^r.ac.n-F:cbbins Swamp- and 3) Norfoll:-Eradfcrd Kountain Swacp.
The Data Ease contains extant and historic locations of
Federally endangered and threatened species, CT "Species of
Tzzz:ai Concern", critical habitats, and Natural Area Inventory
I; .-t . Cur information is the compilation of recent and historic
data fron nuseun collections, literature sources, field
i:.\ iw-.iL ttior.s mnd research projects. Lata on endangered or
threatened species or Species of Special Concern is very
sensitive and not meant for general public knowledge.
In 1972, the CT Forest and Park Association, Inc. prepared a
!"-tur&l Areas Inventory of 459 sites. These were nonineted as
cirnificant areas for one or core of the following reasons:
r=clo;ic, biologic, hydrologic, trcheolcgic, aesthetic,
cultural or research/educational aspects. A cite receives no
lujal status or protection fron inclusion on the Inventory.
The Stratford Grec-t Meadows Katur&l Area is a Eignific&nt
b:.c.j.r..<:ic area. It is cne of the last regaining extensive salt
: h: bi tc.ts in ths rte. Salt r.-rrhec ere considered a
critical habitat in Connecticut as tore than 50* of our coastal
r.ar:hlands have been destroyed through development Eince the turn
cC the century. The Great Keadovrs also provide habitat for a
nur.ber of CT Species of Special Concern. These are listed below.
:¦ •. r-rr-r it lonricri'dg-Unliind Sandpi-ser-Obcerved regularly in carsh
frcz. 1SC.2-U.
Ixobrvchus e?:ilis-LeaEt Bittern-Confirced nesting in 1985.
A~r oroi za r.ari tira-Seae ide Sparrow-interesting• habitat licited
ir. C-7. :Vic record irc.ic: tc.r pocriLle breeding.
-------
~\ vr.bus podicens-Pied—Dilxed Grs36_Coni irir.ed n e s t. i n in 19 £ » •
rllinula chloronus-Coiaaon Moorhen-1975 nesting record, no
additional information.
terna antillarun-Least Tern- The terns use the tidal flats and
marsh as feeding areas adjacent to their nesting grounds on
Long Beach, Bridgeport.
Robbins Swamp Natural Area is also a highly significant area
biologically and ecologically. The area is a dense hardwood
swamp that includes a calcareous seepage swamp and a calcareous
fen. It is nearly impenetrable in most areas. Robbins -vamp is
largest inland wetland in the state and has a great civersity
cf "flora and fauna. Tne Nature Conservancy owns a segment cf the
eva-o and the State also owns scne scattered parcels. A r,:-oer
of CT Species of"special Concern are found here as well.
.itella nuda-Lesser Kiterwort-Collected in 1S82.
C;,rex oli"ocarra-Sedge, historically collected in 1952, only
collection from this town.
Tiyj.ia oeciripntalis-Atlantic Uhi^e _ Cedar- Collected first in i:-02,
c " ^ ' i c1!' ^ <= -ved in m 1 £So .
i i - J C- x - C «- • w W — — -
C-a-itjediuE ^efinae-Shovy Ladies'-slipper- This orchid was
— collected many times historically and relocated in 1232.
Carex castanea-Sedge-Collected in 1909, 1934 and 1982.
bcirpus oendulus-A Bulrush-Collected in 1909, relocated in 1982.
Pptasite® p«1natus var. frigidus-Palmate-rleaved Sweet Coltsfoot-
Observed in 19S2, again in 19S4 "abundant".
-. ro j?Cu-ls.csii-Tvrpls Cress-A few plants observed in 1983.
gphizachne purr>urascens-False Kelic Grass-Observed in 1984.
C-ercus narrocar-'a-Eur Oak-Observed in 1934.
11 jus la::us scp. S p r e a d i n g Globe Flower-On the Federal
Hr danr. e r s o. and Titrea^ened Plant list as a category 3C.
Collected in 195-., 1S£2, 1984 and observed a~ain in 1935 .
Crttus cocnatus-Sliry Sculpin-Specimen taken in 1968 from
Kollenbeck River, no additional information available.
-------
The swamp at the base of Bradford Mountain has a 1976
i edinc record for the Great Blue Heron, (Ardea hsrodias) . The
rcr'J.em half of the swamp is state-owned. Ko other information
is available for the site. Since it is not labelled on the
¦L~pc.~rs.phic sheet, I have enclosed a map of this swamp in order
to verify that it is the site you are interested in.
Thank you for contacting the Data Base, I hope this informa-
tion is helpful and if you have any questions or we may be of
further assistance do not hesitate to call.
Sincerely
Merc-n Koiims
Data Handler
-------
STATE OF CONNECTICUT
department of environmental protection
COASTAL AREA MANAGEMENT PROGRAM
August 19, 1SS6
:r. David A. Fierra
Director, V.'ater Management Div.
Environmental Protection Agency
Region "l
J.F. Kennedy Federal Building
Boston, MA 02203
Dear Mr. Fierra,
Thank you for an opportunity to review and comment upon your
"List of Priority Wetlands." Copies of your correspondance and
the wetland listings were circulated to all units in the
Department of Environmental Protection with wetland planning,
management or regulatory functions for review and comment.
Comments received l^rom these units are attached and contained in
appendices A through E. As you can judge from the comments, the
criteria used to determine a wetlands of high value is variable.
In the time alloted, it was not possible to develop uniform
criteria ar.c discuss these further amongst the units. Therefore
I choose to transmit to the comments as they were received from
'.7.1 various units.
I anticipate that the new wetland listings of high value
vetlar.ds will contain a mix of wetland of high and low value and.
even favorite backyard wetlands. To minimize this problem, EPA
El.culd carefully critique nominated wetlands and assure they me^x.
certain minimum requirements. In order to develop a complete and
accurate list of wetlands of high value for Connecticut, EPA
iculd consider convening a wetland workshop in Connecticut ._
Attendees should include staff from DEP, scientists from the
academic institutions and other wetland experts located in
Connecticut. A workshop would allow for discussion amongst the
ttinices for the purpose of deciding which wetlands are in fact
c: high value.
Vfith respect to threatened wetlands, there is a general
concensus in DEP that there are no tidal wetlands that are
threatened as a result of new proposals because of the strength
cf the tidal wetlands act. No major or significant alterations
oi tict.1 wetland have occurred in Connecticut since 1969. In
rvievir.g the annotations for most of the wetland sites in
Connecticut pertaining to threat, it is clear that most of the
recorded threats are not real or minor. EPA should carefully
critique the information provided to them by commentors before
an arcs as threatened or for the reasons provided.
H 5 Capiio! Avenue • Hartford. Connecticut 06106
LmpUiycr
-------
Vr. Fierra'
2
August 19, 1966
The EPA must be more careful in screening the information
provided to them if the resultir.g list is to be useful and
contain accurate information.
Again, thank you for the opportunity to review and conmen
cn this initiative. If you have any comments regarding the
attachments, please give me a call at 203-563-7404.
Sincerely,
kon nozsa
Ecologist
RR/rr
Enclosures
-------
COMMENTS REGARDING THE 'LIST OF PRIORITY WETLANDS'
The first EPA's initiative generated a listing of wetland
s::es in May 1955 that vere kr.ovn to be threatened. Threat
ir.ceeci is a relative tern:. Although there have been numerous
projects proposed that would have destroyed valuable tidal
vet lands areas for example, the strength of the Tidal Wetland Act
has precluded all but minor activities with acceptable impacts.
Fcr the most part then, no tidal wetland is threatened by
activities that would be considered significant. Parallel
authority exists at the federal level v:hich usually results in
the sane level of protection for tidal wetlands and coastal water
habitats. For comments regarding the states inland wetland
program, see comments compiled by the Water Resources Unit
(appendix E).
Each wetland recorded in the list of priority wetlands are
accompanied by a statement pertaining to 'Known/potential threats
to resources.' For the most part, these statements are not
correct and are misleading. Here are some examples for
Connecticut:
1. Special Aquatic Sites in Coastal Middlesex County. New and
significant marina development and expansion are not likely
since most of the available shoreline without tidal wetland
has been utilized. There is no condominium development in
v.etlar.cs or aquatic habitats by virtue of the Tidal Wetlands
Act, the Coastal Management Act and Section 404 of CWA. I
of no con si e'er able unauthorized activities in this area.
2. Norwalk Islands. First, I see no connection with the
designation of Chinon's Island as a wildlife refuge and
increased property value. In recent years there have been a
number of development proposals for these islands (which by
the way are principally upland and not subject to 404
jurisdiction); the lack of adequate groundwater supplies,
need for on-site septic systems, absence of bridges and the
flood hazard nature of certain islands severely limit the
amount of development that could occur in the Norwalk
Islands.
3. Housatonic River. The mining activities in this River are
relatively minor and benign. This is perhaps one of the most
turbid tidal rivers in the state but the source of this
turbidity is not clear. PCB's are a general problem
throughout the river although I can not attest to the
significance of the problem.
4. Morris Creek. Here too the state and federal permit programs
have been and will be effective in curtailing destruction of
valuable arid productive wetlands. The area that will be
filled by the Industrial Parkis primarily an old COE dredged
cisr,0£:al are:: that v.as rievf-r properly cev/atereo. Today it is
-ctill wet and sv.r>orts a monoculture of Phrapnites, nearly 80
-------
acres in extent. v.'hile this area night technically be
classified as wetland, possesses very tev o: the important
wetland functions.
5: Mystic River. I know of no industrial development on this
river. Residential development would be located on upland
habitat and would not affect the quality of the aquatic
habitats in this River.
•3. Pine Creek. The mentioned proposals would require state ana
federal permits. The threat is a potential but not a real
one.
7. Saugatuck River. Ineffective state protection is an
incorrect statement. Permitted projects have allowed for
minor alteration of degraded wetlands for acceptable
activities. Wetland restoration has also been*the
requirement for a number a projects. However compensation
has never been used to purchase the ability to destroy
wet land.
S. Great Meadows. Most of the development is confined to
wetland areas that were diked and filled prior to 1950 or so.
No major wetland fill permits have been issued for this area
since the passage of the tidal wetlands act.
~ T *. Should C ~ V c - U I. — y T £ V I. £¦ ~ 1 r. I C' T .T. z i o n t h ^ w t% V £. T ~
receiving from comnentors and verify the accuracy of these
statements.
Rather than establish a list of threatened areas which is a
difficult or impossible task, EPA should consider the use the
Connecticut Geological and Natural History Survey's "Natural
Diversity Database" for information when reviewing a project.
See enclosed brochure regarding this program.
Ir. addition to threatened areas, EPA is requesting information
regarding areas of high value. Unless EPA applies carefully
as a result of this
statewide perspective.
TIDAL Y.'ETLAXD AREAS OF 'HIGH VALUE
1. Little Narragansett Bay, Stonington. Extremely productive
bay for shellfish, finfish and extensive eelgrass beds. High
water quality. 1300 acres
O
-------
River Estuary, Fist Lyre. Rc-putedly ore of the
high-st quality tidal wet lane systems irth limited
c:r:i;ric:rf- , several cetailec s" ier.niic studies have been
c-rr:cu r*.f: of the estuary and t i a a 1 vet lands \ Connect icut
Collect- .< ; rare plants ar.c animals present '3-42 acres)
Briee Erool: Estuary, East Lyre. Extensive and unusual tidal
v et lar.c ecosystem, rare birds present
*
Connecticut River Estuary and Fresh Tidal ?.iver(see attached
letter). An area of interstate and national significance;
supports Connecticut' s most important anadromous fisheries;
restored vater quality and fish ladders have allowed for
restoration of Atlantic Salr.cn; Sturgeon are in or may be in
the River; tidal wetlands - an assemblage of polyhaline,
mesohaline, oligohaline and fresh tidal wetlands that are
outstanding - such an ecosystem is found nowhere else in the
northeast north of the Chesapeake Bay (the Hudson River
supports a limited example of these); area supports a
multitude of rare plants and animals
Threat: The most serious threat is the proposed diversion of
water from the River for use in the 3oston area. Diversion
in spring and summer could change the position of average
water levels which in turn could adversely affect the
donation of vegetation on the tidal wetlands. More
importantly, diversion cculi .-.us-i tL = salt water wedge to
move upstream and destroy prime freshwater tidal wetlands ana
replace these with brackish vetlancs, perhaps dominated by
Listed below are outstanding wetland areas:
a. Great and Upper Island, Old Lyme. Poly and mesohaline
tidal wetland; one of the largest tidal wetland
ecosystems in Connecticut; supports several rare plants
ana animals. Principal threat is the increase in
Phragmites for no apparent reason. 1350 acres.
b. Ragged Rock Creek. Mesohaline tical wetland dominated by
ancustifolia. Probably contains several rare
'UaIlL
species. 400 acres
Hyde Point. Mesohaline tidal wetland, probably contains
several rare species. 110 acres
Lords Cove, Lyme and Old Lyme. Oligo- to mesohaline
tidal marshes ana it supports outstanding aquatic beds,
several rare plants occur here. 650 acres
Great Meadow (North Cove), Essex. Outstanding
oligohaline tidal wetland; rare plants. 425 acres
-------
f. Selden Neck, Lyme. Outstanding ire-shwat-r tidal wc-tiar.d,
rare plants. 400 acres
g. Pratt and Post Coves. Outstanding freshwater tidal
wetland, rare plants. 155 acres
h. Deep River. Freshwater tidal wetland. 70 acres
i. Chester Creek, Chester. Freshwater tidal wetland. 130
acres .
j . Whalebone Cove, Lyme. Freshwater tidal wetland. 110
acres
k. Chapman Pond, E. Hadaam. Outstanding freshwater tidal
wetland; rare plants; concentration for finfish during
the cooler months. 415 acres
1. .Salmon River, Hadaam/E. Haddam. Freshwater tidal
wetland; rare plants. 415 acres
in. Pecausett Meadows, Portland. Freshwater tidal wetlands.
n. Mattabasset River, Cromwell. Freshwater tidal wetlands.
Impacts include encroachment by a landfill. 400 acres.
Oyster River/Back Rivers, Old Savbrcok. Extensive pclvhaline
tidal ret 1 and dominated by high marsh vegetation. 5I0" acres
Menunketesuck River, N'estbrook/Clinton. Oligo- to polyhaline
tidal wetlands; rare plants. <350 acres
Har.rr.onassett Marshes, Clinton/Madison. Extensive polyhaline
marsh dominated by high marsh vegetation; rare birds;" area
designated as a state natural area. 500 acres
East River, Madison. Extensive mostly polyhaline tidal
wetlands dominated by nigh marsh vegetation. 1040 acres
V,"heeler Wildlife Management Area, Milford. One of the most
important tidal wetlands in the state; extensive lev; marsh
habitat and a multitude of meandering xidal creeks and tidal
pools - area has not been ditched for mosquito control
purposes; outstanding wildlife usage especially by
waterfowl, shorebirds and other marshbirds. 800 acres
Farrr.iil River, Stratford. Oligohaline tidal wetland, this is
the only such example on the Kousator.ic River; rare plants.
Great Meadows, Stratford. Outstanding polyhaline tidal
wetland composed primarily of unditched high marsh. it is
for all practical purposes the only unditched high marsh in
tne s - v. ~ e ; out st:.r.^ ir.u '•vilcil i-.o usa.te primarily as r. result
-------
of the. number of. meandering creeks and tidal pools. Tide
gates or. Lore ship Boulevard have recucc-d ticai flows to
v.-c-: lands located north of this road - these in turn have
rraded ir.to a marsh type comir.ated by Phragr.ites. 680
»¦ c
Ash- Creek, Fairfield. Small tut nevertheless significant
island of unditched high marsh located at the mouth of the
Ash Creek estuary.
Threatened Wetlands
Connecticut River Tidal Wetlands. The single greatest threat
to these wetlands ana the estuary as whole are proposal by
Massachusetts to divert water out of the river for water
supply purposes. This could not only change the position of
halinity boundaries but might also affect the water table
position in certain wetlands.
Wetland threatened by tidal flow restrictions. These include
primarily areas that lie upstream of tide gates.
a. Burrough of Stonington wetlands
b. Latimer Point wetland, Stonington
c. Pequotsepos Brook, Stonington?
d. Palmer Cove?
e. Cold Spring Brook, Old Saybrook
1. Hammock River, Clinton - tical flushing is gradually being
restored by Vector Control
z. Sluice Creek, Guilford
. Indian Cove, Guilford
Lestes Island, Guilford
j. C-iga'mcgue Creek, Branford?
>. Sybil Creek, Branford
1. Carolina Creek, East Haven
rr.. Morris Creek, East Haven
n. Little River, Kev Haven
o. West River, New Haven
p. Old Field Creek, West Haven
r P. - v e r , West Haven
r. Great Creek., Milfcrc - bei:^ restored by the State of
Connecticut
s. Great Meadows, Stratford (airport property)
t. Gorharn Pond
5
-------
3
,r,.-s r.prp:?r- by THE COaXECTICUT GEOLOGICAL AMD NATURAL
" HISTORY SURVEY
Natural Re-sources Center
1'35 Capitol Avenue
P.oorr. £5 3
Hartford, CT 061G6
2C3-566-2540
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WATERSHED LISTINGS
""i •. •- .
Connecticut River ' Specif ic ,es ¦
expansion.
Rocky Hill/Glastonbury/v.'ethersfielc Kec::v:s. Diversity flood
plain forest, and alluvial r.arsh. Threatened by agricultural
expansion.
Keener Cove. Glastonbury, East Hartford. Diverse flood plain
forest and freshwater tidal r.arsh and cove.
Dead Ken's
7 ^ r e c
Z.1551
Swar.p & Vicinity Rocky Hill. Diverse flood plain
and alluvial marsh, important bird breeding*habitat.
Housatonic River (Specific Sites)
Kousetonic Valley Flood Plain. Canaan, Salisbury. Diverse flood
olain forest and beck water slcuchs. Threatened by
agricultural e-::par.sion.
AREAKIDS LISTINGS
Calcareous Wetlands of Litchfield County (specific sites)
Squabble Brock and vicinity. N. Canaan. Diverse calcareous
seepage swar.p. Threatened by agricultural expansion end
draining. Partially owned by The Nature Conservancy.
::::re Brook and vicinity. Salisbury. Diverse calcareous
e 11 a n d . Threatened bv v.-ater quality deterioration.
Rartially owned by The Nature Conservancy.
Bauer Pond and Vicinity. Salisbury. Diverse calcareous wetland.
Threatened by water quality deterioration. Fartially owned
by The Nature Conservancy.
Benton Hill Fen. Sharon. Diverse calcareous wetland and fen.
Threatened by water quality deterioration. Partially owned
by The Nature Conservancy.
Sucker Brook. Salisbury. Diverse calcareous wetland and fen.
One of the best sites in CT.
Rcbbir.s Swamp. Canaan, Salisbury. Verv larce, diverse
calcareous wetland and fen. "Mostly" in State ownership.
Needs to be consolidated.
-------
;rd Ccjr.tv V.'etlar.cs ;5c'ecific Sizes'
Manitcck Lake bees. Suffield. Threatened by filling end
deterioration cf wcter c- a 1 i t .
Ccncer.cnd Lcke bogs. Suffield. One cf the best level begs in
Connecticut. Threatened bv residential development.
ker Pond kettle wetlands,
development end ceteriora
Enfield.
tic.n cf we
Threatened by
ter cua 1 i ty .
residential
-------
rrtr.klir. V.'iliiir e !!gr;t. Ares.
7ran>li-; CT C6254
r, -s 1 ?2 * rj "OTO
•_> ^ — — *J W
-------
:n'tal
STATE OF CONN = C*:C'JT
/•A.c ».* Dw.-c- c~c Sfist t":r. ~ - r r
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EPA List cf Prioritv I * e 11 a r. c s
- ~ 1 "3 Q
In addition to the areas listed, I would add:
1) New Haven Harbor - this area is one of the Tr.ost
Connecticut for black
iit.portar.t wintering areas ir.
c uc t-. c"c scaup. Tr. e tidal ~uc i_ a t s
i e w r. are:
and We s z Haven are used extensively by feeding ducks
anc shcrebirds. Any activities that r. i g h t . a f f e c t
water quality or secir.er.tsticn •;ulc i - p a c t the
invertebrate life forr.s of the -uc
2 ) V" a t e r s h e c . R i v e r S y s t e - s of hi; h
c*-e„,cs2c» \ s «. « L *. l; ... »\ c - -
I - ctS .
value t c wildlife:
1 e i o w r. : s u s c e p -
„ - „» ^r.cu stria- development, landfill
Cosir.cheu; River : Micclefield, Xidcletown: suscep-
tible to residential and industrial development
. e n t . Field surveys
. r. N" e w Y. i 1 f o r d tc- be
idential anc industrial cevel;
show that the section c f rive:
o r
PM/ck
c c G e c r i- e I r y s
-------
l-
PREPARED BY THE BUREAU OF
FISHERIES
Avenue
0 31C o
-------
C h. c..
BUREAU OF FISHERIES
MEMORANDUM
Subject: EPA
of
Pri
A rev
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of the subj
ect 1
ist
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s
request
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2lowing is
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Thames River
I'tcwSrsr.cc
State ( s ) : Cor.nect i cut-
Geographic Limits: Tne Thanes, Sr.evucket ar.d Cuir.ebaug Rivers ar.d
-------
COMMENTS PREPARED BY THE WATER RESOURCES US IT
1"5 Capitol Avenue
P. o c 107
HtrTicri, CI 06106
2C'.S-5i3-3-7220
-------
George iiis.'.er, Coasta~ Geo leg is* S / . j16
Plan. & Coord./CAM, 71 Car.-it.ol Ave., Hartford, CT
Denis Cunr.ir.ghan, Assistant Director 506-7220
"Water Resources Unit, 165 Capitol Avenue, Hartford, CT
IPA'S "Priority Wetlands Listing for New England
This is in reply to your recent request for information to
up date "EPA' s "Priority Wetlands Listing lor New England." My
consents are being offered to assist EPA prioritize and direct
its wetland protection efforts in Connecticut to areas of
Statewide or regional importance. Although I agree that CV.'A
Section 404(c) and CFR 23C.80 404(b)(1) fill prohibitions or
restrictions for specific sites provide valuable wetland and
water resource protection tools, I am not prepared to recommend
specific wetland sites at this time.
Connecticut has comcreher.sive wetland anc water resource
conservation and protection laws sue:-, tnat ail •= .- wetiar.es and
surface waters of the State are covered by State and/or local
regulation. The cornerstone of Connecticut's wetland program is
the Inland Wetland ana Watercourses Act which provides for
delegation of regulatory authority over inland wetlands to towns.
To date, all but 15 of Connectiuct's towns have local agencies." "
TIP regulates the wetlands in these 15 towns and attempts to
provide technical assistance and training to the rest. The scooe
of DZP's regulatory programs concerning 404 wetlands is described
in the enclosed pamphlet titlec "Water Resources Unit Regulator-/
Programs Permit Index.'1 As ar. overseer of Connecticut's water
resourcesI believe cur wetiar.es fee effectively protects;
State laws described in
T
However, the level of protection provided by municipal
wetland agencies varies widely from town to town based upon
intent of local development pressures, technical skills of local
agency neroebers, presence or absence of local agency professional
staff, and political climate. Mut-h more effort is needed in
providing technical assistance and training for municipal
regulators to improve the technical anc administrative quality of
decision-making. The reason I raise this need here is that it's
t.oose wetlands in towns with untrained wetland regulatory
agencies that need additional protection. Your thoughts on EPA's
role in our technical training efforts for municipal wetland
otficials would be welcomed.
My sections's comments and suggestions for priority listings
for Connecticut are as follows: °
General Listing
-------
Aca ">vet iar.cis ill-, grour.dv.classification GAA
(potable grouniv-ttfr supplies) as shown on Connect!cut's
V.'ater Quality Classification Mapping. Rescurces values -
1 * •* * W »• r. »** /"• £. f •" ' • • '. • ' . f * 1 • *\ • »• »• I'-f, • £ v £. r- ' Y» - f ' v>
... v* » il U »« w C ^ — * * »» «• w > ^ M a» * • ^ * W1 »at • • M •» .. • A \T W •« ^ W * ^ "
d i s c i". avgt: 1 ar.c ¦:£es ha ve t r t er. t ia 1 to ai r ect oc ta r. 1 e
»iter ouality. Water quality classification maps are
available to the public on a county basis at 1:50,000
scale from DEP's Publication Sales (203) 556-7719.
Aid: rivers and streams and their contiguous wetlands
which support important ar.adromous fisheries.
Development can cetroy essential breeding and nursery
habitat or obstruct migration of juveniles and aoults.
The enclosed list was developed by the DEP Bureau of
Fisheries.
c. Adc: rivers and streams stocked with fish by DEP.
Resource value - maintenance of water quality and
habitat, aesthetics. In order to protect the State's
investment and the fish stock, work needs to be
controlled to avoid instream disturbance during the
stocking and the intensive spring time fishing period.
Tr.e attached list of stocked streams is taken from tne
Bureau of Fisheries Annual Report.
d. Adc: wetlands adjacent to landfills. Resource value -
maintenance of water quality. These wetlands are
threatened as a result of a need to expand sanitary and
bulky water landfills.
Areawide Listings
a. Add: freshwater tidal wetlands. Resource value - unique
wildlife and fisheries habitats, high recreational value
and aesthetics. Important freshwater tidal wetlands are
located along the Connecticut River and its tributaries
frem the Farmingtcn River to its confluence with Long
Island Sound. Important vegetated tidal wetlands have
been mapped by DEP as snown on the enclosed Map index.
b. Add: coastal marshes and ir.tertidal fiats in, and
tributary to, New Haven harbor located in Y.'est Haven,
East Haven and New Haven. Resource values - resting and
feeding areas for shorebirds and waterfowl, fisheries,
maintenance ol water quality, shellfish industry,
recreation, aesthetics. Development pressures are
increasing.
Delete: page C reference to a perceived threat to water
resources in Hartford County ana the Northern portion of
Middlesex County. v;hile these areas are experiencing
high development pressures, so are other regions of
Cor.n.t-ct: cut . It is s'-jgg-" k- d that the watershed wherein
projf-cts IP A is i nterc-stt-d in are located be listed
-------
in 'order to provide direction and purpcst. If a highway
project is £ concern, then list the project.
Watershed Listings
a. V.'ater quality sensitive watersheds. The following river
systems and others as nay be identified in DE?'s V.'ater
Quality Management Flan are water quality limited or are
in need of additional attention to ensure that further
degradation does not occur. These systems are
experiencing heavy development pressure ana loss of
wetland area may diminish the ability of wetlands to
"renovate surface flows or otherwise maintain water
quality. Loss of instream habitat nay effect water
quality, fisheries and recreation amenities. A
deterioration of water quality may necessitate issuance
of State orders to upgrade treatment facilities. The
number preceding each river are taken from a map titled
"Natural Drainage Basins in Connecticut" dated 1S51.
6900 Naugatuck River; Tcrnng-on to its confluence with
the Housatonic River.
7300 N'orwalk River; Ridgefield to its confluence with
Long Island sound
6600 Still River; Danbury to its confluence with the
Housatcnic River
4303 Still River; V.'msted to its confluence with Sandy
Brook
4500 Hockanum River; Headwaters to Connecticut River
5200 Quinnipiac River; Headwaters to confluence with New-
Haven Harbor
4315 Pequabuck River; Headwaters tcccnfluer.ce with
Farming tor. River
740 3. Five Vile River; Headwaters to confluence with Long
Island Sound
3100 V.'iilimantic River
3SCO Shetucket River
3300 French River; Headwaters in Massachusetts to
confluence with Quir.ebaug River
3700 Quinebaug River
5S00 Pomeraug River in Southbury
5201 light Mile River; Headwaters in Bristor. to
confluence with Quinnipiac River in Southington
b. The following watersheds are highly urbanized and
subjected to severe flooding hazards to life and
property. Additional attention to preserve the flood
storage function of wetlands is needed m regulatory
decisions.
N'orwalk River
Farr*; River
^ rr. R i v f- r
7300
5112
7411
-------
Maine Audubon Society
Gilslanc Farm • 1 IS U.S. Route One • Falmouth, Maine 041C5 • 781-2330
The responsible: \o\'c for V.jithfni irtmmfW jr. J r,c;urz'. resources.
August 13, 19S6
£ A. Fierra
zzor, Vater Manage-ent Division
rcn-tr.ial Protection Agency
. Kennedy Federal Building
or., Massachusetts 02203
V'r 7* •
• ^ w* i o «
I vas surprised at the incompleteness and inaccuracy of the portion
he List of Priority Wetlands that pertains to Maine. Before I recommend
cicns to the list I vould like to make several suggestions.
1. The review needs to be expanded to include the appropriate
individuals and agencies. At a minimum the following should be
contacted:
Natural Resources Council, Attn: Jerry Bley
The Mature Conservancy, Attn: Lissa Vidoff
Critical Areas Program, Attn: Hank Tyler
Department of Environmental Protection, Attn: David Studor
University of Maine, Attn: Dr. Ron David
Dr. George Jacobson
Dr. Malcolm Hunter
Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife, Attn: Henry Hilton
I ar. probably in the best position to comment on wetlands for Maine
Aucubcr. because of work I've done on peatlands for the University and
the State Planning Office.
2. Emphasize the link between this list and the EPA404 (b)(1) to ensure
that the priority listing receives the careful scrutiny it deserves.
3.' Including lakes and rivers on the priority list of wetlands is
extremely misleading. The approach that has been used makes it
very easy for rivers and lakes to fall through the cracks. Other
hydrologic features should be included on separate lists to be
reviewed by individuals with the expertise required to do so.
4. Have a representative from Region I meet with key individuals in
Maine to review the next list before it is made final.
5. On a conceptual note, given the widely accepted importance of
wetlands, these ecosystems should automatically be given priority
in the AIS procedure.
-------
i_ A. Fierra
Pare Two
August 13, 19S6
I've enclosed 2 list of "eco^ojically significant peatlar.ds" prsrared by
Lissa '.'idoff for the Natural Resources Council. The importance of the areas
listed is recognized air.ong the state's peatland experts. Please note that
this list includes peatlands only. It does not include other types cf fresh-
water wetlands, i*or does it focus on their wildlife values. The Maine
Department of Inland Fisheries and V.'ildlife should be contacted for this
ir.r ormation.
I'd also like to recommend that the East Branch of the Penobscot River
anc the Rapid River be added to the list.
The AIS concept is an extremely important one—one that will undoubtablv
save development and conservation interests a great deal of money. Its
importance should be made clear to all who review the priority list and
EPA staff should at a minimum make sure that the preliminary list of priority
wetlands be directed to all appropriate individuals and agencies before
crafting the final version.
Please let me know if you have any questions on the list I've provided.
I would appreciate a copy of the updated list. Thank you.
Sincerely,
Janet McMahon
Land Steward
Enclosure
f* • * '
i \ L» w* i
rr
I | 1 M
r! v A
— • l"\
AUG 18 'is'So
-------
f - .-. > . 1
¦ 1 T>
0
6
7
8
10
11
]_ 4
15
18
¦> c
20
21
23
24
<: » i *
j> >«
. • ., • ' • . _ T'" v - '
Jrn i i c-< " °'V
- -
ECPLC
> * * • r- —• •
r>rv
CQ!--y-
—> r
f^r.c rcr.Q
Ss.cc Heath*
v i - o ~ - p *
lovevell Pond
Great Sidney Beg
Kanokolus Boa
.ar::ou Bcc
/
S-r.r.r.s.2e y.eaccws Beg
Passadurakeag B'ocs
Ec: Kr. Greenville Jet.
Great Heath (part)*
Jonesport Heath
.".eccybe-ps Heath
Thousand Acre Heath
.'•'.attavarr.k eac River
Srrith Brook Deadwater
little Crystal Fen*
Marble Fen
Ellis Boc
Bic Ten Co.nplex
Salr.on Brook Lake Boc *
Orchard Bog
Cross Lake Fen
. o r x -
C C.II- W ,
York - Saco
Oxford - Fryeburc
Oxford - Fryeburc
Kenn. - Augusta, Sidney
Waldo - Unity
?eno. - Olc Town, Bancor, Crorvo
Hudson, Glenburn
Peno — Kilford
Peno-Passadumkeag, Enfield, Lowell
Pise - Little Squaw Twp
Wash - Colur.bia (only)
Wash - Jonesport
Wash-Alexander, Keddyberrcs, Cooper
Peno - T5R1 NEPP
Peno - Drew Pit
Peno - T1R8 Wels
Aroo - Crystal
Aroo - T6R8, T5R7, T5R8, T5R7
Pise - T7R13, T6R13
Some - Big Ten tvp
Aroo - Perham
Aroo - Caswell FH
Aroo - T16R5, T17R5
-------
= C--C'VC isicstt AREA CODE <2C7l
' .. 269-2291
m " • -«>
[ i « *^"*1' ¦ U i i
i V
STATE Or MAINE
DEPARTMENT OF MARINE RESOURCES
STATE HOUSE — STATION 2 1
AUGUST A MAINE 0*2.32
ugust 13, 1986
•avid Fierra, Director
va-er Manacerent Division
5, Environmental Protection Agency
J..-, Kennedy Federal 3uilding
Eosten, M-3S 02203
-Isre, in response to your letter of July, 19S6, regarding revisions to
I^-gt of Priority Wetlands for New Enclar.d, are a number of suggested
additions; they include five (5) Specific Wetlands, sixteen (16) Watersheds
(although it is generally the lower watersheds that have our primary concern),
ar.d one (1) General Category addition.
Four (4) Specific Wetlands of the tidal Kennebec River estuary -
Threats to each of these is general development; rrcre specific threats
r.ct.'Sci.
General:
Vennsbec River - freshv.—er tidal section from Chops Point (outlet of
Marr-j-reetir.g Bay) to Augusta, including .'-'.err —eeting Bay and the tidal
sections of its tributaries: the Eastern, Abagadasset, Cathance, and
Androscoggin Rivers.
a. Unique habitat
1) :co other river system in the State of Maine contains anywhere
near the amount of tidal freshwater habitat.
2) Important spawning and nursery' habitat for all ten native anadxomous
fish species except striped bass, h restoration program for
striped bass, shad, ana alev/ives is underway.
-------
CR17IG*L/r-?CRT.~2rr ictiands A^EAS
fcr shdrtlvdse atlai.tic sturgzc^
OSC P"*V5V
1) Mid-estuarv/3ath Reel or. - feeding are?, fcr shcrtnose sour~ecn, especially
wetlands area arcana V.'ir.negance Creek and Pleasant Cove (Sasanca River;;
also ail other areas cf tidal flats with abundant a erratic vegetation.
2) Mam River - South Gardiner to Augusta
2. Shortness sturgeon arc Atlantic sturgeon spawning haoitat
i) Exact locations not known. Large ccncentraticr.s of shcrtr.cse
sturoeon in spawning condition have teen icunc in South Garciner
' and Gardiner.
ii) Ripe Atlantic sturgeon have also been captured in South Gardiner
and Gardiner region.
3) Tidal Section of Androscoggin River
a. !~rxortar.t shortness sturgem spawning site, especially near head-cf-
tide.
b. Threats: housing development; highway bypass
4) yarr^Teeting Bay
a. Fee-ding area fcr sr.crtr.cse sturgeon
b. Threats: housing development - large subdivision or. Ercwns Point
(Abagadasset Point) in Ecv.ccinha.-
Specific Wetland - York Purer (r.eacwaoers fresnwater rrarsr.) -
Cclifcnr. bacterial levels in the York River have been reduced to levels
that perrit shellfish harvest; oysters ar.d clars are cultivated and harvested
in the lower estuary. Considerable effort has been race to recover the
lev/or portions cf the river, but the rrarsh headwaters are relatively unprctec
fror, fill and contamination resulting frorr. extensive building pressure
ir. York County. "YjOTE: the estuarv was identified below* as a rainbow srelt
General Category
: Eel grass - Zostera rrarina - beds
,r.-e^or\- : Area wice
Kama
-------
Sh^spscot River estuary - an important nursery and.'cr re-eding area fcr
rsinrow srrelt, shcrtnose sturgocr, arc striped
bass. Also, tnis estuary is an important area
for juvenile sea herring and a spawning area
for groundfish. The Sheetscot River also supports
the southerr-csr self-sustsininc,. native population
of anadromous Atlantic salrcn.
Damariscotta River - supports the largest population of anadrctncus alewives
on the Maine coast and is an important, recreational
fishery for striped bass.
St. George River estuary - supports the second largest copulation of anadromou
alewives on the ivaine coast. A large winter
ard spring recreational fishery for rainbow
srrelt occurs from US Route 1 upstream to Warren
Village. This river also supports an important
striped bass recreational fishery.
Penobscot River estuary - The third largest alewife run in the state occurs
in the Or]and River. The largest anadro-rous
Atlantic salmon run in Maine passes through this
estuary to freshwater spawning grounds and ocean
feeding areas. A very large rainbow srrelt fishery
occurs in the estuary frccn Bangor to Winter :ort.
Rainbow srrelt nursery areas occur from Banger
to Sears Island; American shad, river herring,
and Atlantic sturgeon are dependent on this estuary
as a nursery area. One shortnose sturgeon was
captured in lower west Per.cbscot Bay Corthport)
in the irid-ISTG's.
Uhion River estuary - This area contains river herring and rainbow srrelt
as well as a hatchery sustained sport fishery for
Atlantic salmon.
Karraguagus and Pleasant Rivers estuaries - Atlantic salmon, rainbow smelt,
American shad and river herring
are irrportant resources in
this area.
Machias and East Machias Rivers estuaries - important areas for Atlantic
salmon, rainbow smelt, American
shad and river herring.
Dennys River estuary - sa^e cccnrents as provided on the Narraguagus/Pleasant
Rivers.
St. Croix River estuary - This area has the potential to support the largest
river herring run in Maine. Atlantic salmon,
American shad and rainbow srrelt are also important
resources.
-------
"> 81 contour
(1 c ) l'1.^ i.ne estuaries i..—jcrtar.~ tc tr.e P-£^ir,'3.ticr. ar.c ennsr.cement
Li.:. rv._ ze listed separately and placeo as a Watershed; however, in many
cases it is the lower watersnee tnat is primarily utilized as a nursery
area. The upper portions are utilized to varying decrees defending upon
species and it is the quality or tne upper portions that contributes to
the r-ali-y of the lower portions.
Ycr ¦: Fiver estuary - rainbow smelt nursery
Piscataqua River - rainbow smelt, alewife, blueback herring, American shad
' u.ar./Scarborough River ccrplex - ran shad, river hsrrina
^ Saco River - American shad, river herring; very important striped bass
recreational fishery in this area
rrcsumtsoct P-iver - American snaa, river .-erring, rainbow smelt
' -ryal River estuary - American snac, river r.erring, rainbow smelt
• i'.ai-3b'3c/Ar:dro3ccggin estuary - all ansdrcmrus fish species. Critical
n.-bitat, particularly from the area of
?ar.-;er Head upstream to A.ugusta and Brunswick,
K-errymeetmg Bay and tributaries (Eastern,
.Ar-agaiaseet, Ca thence, and Muddy Rivers)
are unique freshwater areas -under tidal
in:lu i:\re that support diverse populations
cf anadremeus fish, such, as endangered
shortncse sturgeon, as well as Atlantic
sturgeon, Atlantic salmon, African shad,
•—e.-> ..er_mu, a_e.-,'iie, ramoow smeit,
broc.'i trout, and striped bass. Dl'SR is
attempting to restore a self-sustaininc
population of srriped bass in this area
by stocking Hudson River fingerlings in
Merrymeeting Bay. The state's largest
winter r ecreational/ccrrmercial hook and
line coastal rainbow smalt fishery occurs
in tine Merrymesting Bay area. Tht< lower
Kennebec, from Bath downstream, is one
of the rest important recreational fishing
ajeas for striped bass and bluefish on
the. or.-Ft cf Maine.
-------
/
/ r
/
« _ _ . .„. . r^fm
-------
STATE Or f/,AINE
*e>
<
c rt * . _ ^ MB
Cl L'epertra&nt or Environmental Protection
MAIN 0=T!C£ Ti: I--.If i'.'G.'STt
(•'A'. tro = £i£.: -;.Si S-i; ••
KENNETH C. YOUNG, JR.
COMMISSIONER
ly 2C , ' : " 6
¦"^i r.. Fierra
re::cr, Keter Kancgeinent Division
S. Environmental Protection Agency
F. Kennedy Federal Building
stcn, Mass. 02203
nave reviewed the List of Priority Wetlands which pertain to
ir.s. All wetlands listed should remain on the list with the
skirls exception of the West Branch of the Penobscot River
that the "Eig A" darr. proposal has been withdrawn.
= additional wetland should be considered for the list:
sre, Location: Saco Heath in York County, York, Maine
il'jii: One of the most southerly raised bogs in Maine;
contains Atlantic V;hite Cedar, a rare species in
Maine.
Research, education, aesthetics.
Threats: Feat mining; 435 acres of commercial
quality peat.
Previous owner had attempted to mine the
peat ar.c another rr.ini.ng proposal i.s
currently active.
:.::.-.LD T. WITHE/ILL, Wetlands Coordinator
ivisicn of Licensing & Review
ureau of Land Quality Control
-------
i he i rustees of Reservations
Coni*ec ovls. Hedonists
r. •
- £ r. rs
/ £ ~ £ f
erc-nce to uni
cue attributes found in island
C -
r 7t. . r. i t
i £ s c r.
c these tvo i
slants are no c >:cept i0r..
J r.
i c r z v."
s:eiy,
th e hur.sn n r
ov.-th rate on each island is asrnyrsdiTi"
/ _
* ? r c r: i
7* e t c I v
— O p 0 v.* u'jc
es 7 c-r year; and r. aDitat destruction i
5
- h
r. ~ (L c *j
1" 3
r.r S'jre that
priority £ 11 a n d s e:: i s t but a m not
f' \
r " * • *' £
d tO E
u ~ 7 e s t specif
ic areas for lack of necessary data.
1
c • •
7". '.'5 5 1
y 0 u c c
r.tact ~r. ''es
Tifrrev at the U. !!ass. Fieirf.Station
1
;\r
"v:: h e
t £ r. g
!r . G u s 7. e n — D
avid at the > elix '.'.cck Sanctuary, "1'jss
•
* v r c r.
S r, c i t
V, ".artha ' s V
ir.cvr.rc tor specific information, ~~
: : Luc
1, . , ^ - V
a very ambit
ious task an(*. let me know if you need
::nc-r
s s s i s t
cr.ee.
s? /y //
v. t*- i, -v /r~
A
71 c * r*rt *"•' " h 2 1c A <
". C C 1 T t 1 £ t
RECEIVED - EPA
JUL 2S iKti
ItATtR r| • II
4f• 1 iJu :*
-------
Massachusetts
} r 'IK - Natural Heritage
1 w ;; Program
r* . " ^
•.UCUSf 11. 1SS&
r. r;tvic A. ? ierrt
: irecwcr, l>'iter Kanager.ent Division
"J.5. Er.vironr.ent.al Protection Agency
Kennedy Federal Building
c zs-zr., Y.L 02203 RE: Priority Wetlands
D&cr Kr. Fierra,
I would like to respond to your letter of this spring to Dennis
Vol keff cf the Nature Conservancy, regarding the listing of
priority wetlands in New England.
As ycu may know, the Kassechusetts Natural Heritage Program was
;erred in 1976 through a cooperative effort of the Nature
Cor.eervtncy and the Commonwealth of Kassachusetts. The Progren,
now.pert cf the Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife,
is c statewide inventory of rare plants and animals end
£ icr.if iccnt ecological communities. Our data base includes over
2,400 r.apped and computerized records of these rare "elements",
cr.d is constantly being expanded through the work of the staff
bcttr.ist end zoologist, end contract employees and cooperators.
These data on the locations, habitats, associated species,
^hreats, and r.magecent needs of rare species and natural
ccr.r.ur.ities ere used in a variety of research, environmental
review, enc planning activities. As rare wildlife end vegetation
ire considered valuable indicators cf pristine or sensitive
habitats, as well as intrinsically valuable, we frequently
recor.mend areas pinpointed on our USGS topographic maps for lend
acquisition or other protection measures, through town open space
planning, nominations to create or enlarge state-owned
reservations or perks, designations of criticel resource erees on
publically owned lends, state Area of Critical Environmental
Concern proposals, etc.
Ve have estimated that about 40« of ell rare species in
Kassechusetts occur in, or depend on, wetland habitats. On the
basis of our date, we could recommend many wetland types end
specific cites for special protection. We would like to mention
the following two as examples:
- -nr VXd'Mv IOC* C."r.".bricij~.t' Street, Boston. Mass. 02202 (617) 727-9104.-3151
-------
August, 11, 1S66
Kr. D.A. Fierre
Page Two
The Schenob Erook end Dry Brook system in Sheffield,
Ksssechusetts provides habitat for no fewer than 25 occurrences
of rare plants and animals, including several species listed as
Endangered by the Massachusetts Division of Fisheries end
Wildlife. Every year, new discoveries of state-listed species
indicate that this area is of increasing importance and is one of
the top three calcareous wetlands in the state.
A second example of e wetland type of great importance is the
Coastal Plain Pondshore community. The shores of these kettle
ponds, found in Plymouth and on Cape Cod, support'over 20 species
of rare plants, many of regional and some of nationel rcri-y.
Ue would be happy to provide detailed information on these or
other wetland types or specific sites. Please feel free to
contact me if you have any questions, or if we can be of further
assistance.
Sincerely,
loaaofu. VKU-Kvud
Joanne Ki.chaud
Environmental Reviewer
JM/J jr.
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
List of Priority V.'etlancs
« « « « •
» • » • •
C? •• — ym,
•.•¦itls.ni/WetlEr.i System: frr. vfri-?. r^fvc .:.U vY??.YC4?:? flows to I
66
cry cf \'etiar.c/SyEte~ : Watershed
Specific System....?.
Areavride
Prir.cetcn, M-. ccr.tir.cent to
above sanctuary (Dart that Kass. Audubon coes not
own)
Flood control H
Ecological productivity...... .>(
V'ildl if e habitat >i '
Fisheries habitat X
Recreation/aesthetics >V
Ecolcsieal/tiolocical rarity
Best representative ecosystems
Threats to Resource: P.f. .^Mc.e.tp.n. .c.o^.t^.u.e^. ,tp...
. .£.b.°.u.t .sel.linc .o.f.f. ppr.t.i.ons. ,o.f. .tfti.s. ,1.00. ^c-.es.
Ccr.r.o::tr : . . .c.oAt.s.c.t.eA pp. pp£
jisr.ti.aa .tha.t. ^Ssas... this, information
Ar-fs.v«rAfcij.\ £c;-;ards. us
c c. •• r \ » ~ft :
Joe Choiniere
Sanctuary Director
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION A
List of Priority V.e11sr.
Nar.e cSanctuary .. .
:" Vet,lar.d/V.'eti anc System : . .-s't^r
>ry of Wetland/System: Watershed
Specific System..
Areswide
Geogra:.-;!: Lirits:
Resource Values: Water quality/supply
Flood control
Ecological productivity
Wildlife habitat
Fisheries habitat
Recreation/aesthetics
Ecological/biological rarit
Best- representstive e
QO\'g1 n^*"C
Threats to Resource: T.ITIVi'I
-------
-_2- V.'-.v^ _
. i-
. * ;
\ 1*4-^== I
. \_i: r iTrfF &
J
S»—»'•**. .- * s
c^/&
-G~ t/< /. f Jf 6
.:he.. svlva ^
* t t st if *
August 8, 1986
_av^c .-.. : ierra
Tirectcr, Water Management Division
U.S. Ir.viron~er.tal Protection Agency
Region 1
Jrk Federal Building
•ester., MA 02203
?~£T Mr. Pierra:
This letter is in response to your July 17, 1986 correspondence
r£parcir.? revisions to EPA's list of Priority vretlar.es for Kev England.
Specifically, vcu have requested the DEC! Division of Vetlands and Water-
ways to review the existing list for accuracy and completeness, and suggest
any needed changes.
Our comments include:
1. General Listing
Consider including wetlands identified as critical habitat
for rare and endangered species. Most, if not all, New England
states have identified plant and animal species that are rare,
endangered or threatened within their respective jurisdictions.
A nur.ber of these species are dependent on vetlano habitat.
2. Areawide Listings
Consider including certain wetland systems surrounding
Buzzards Eay, Massachusetts. This area is the site of increas-
ing development pressure which can lead t'c degradation of wetland
habitat, specifically non-vegetated wetland communities, e.g.
tidal flats and submerged tidal lands. In addition, the Bay is
currently the focus of a feceral-state-local planning program
to develop an Environmental Master Plan fcr the Bay.
Consider including certain wetland systems in the
Berkshire Mountains area of Massachusetts. Khile large areas of
these western counties in Massachusetts are in public ownership
for conservation purposes, intensive real estate development
pressure is currently focused on the remaining underdeveloped,
unprotected land. These lands include wetland systems of
particularly sensitivity such as bogs and mountain stream habitats,
-------
2. watershed Listing
Consider including all ether river systems ir. Massachusetts
which are currently, :r have been ir. the rest, the subject of
land management planning programs mciucmt tr.e State Scenic
Rivers Program and the Greenway Planning Program. These planning
programs often include identifying critical vetland habitats;
the results of these planning efforts should be mere fully integrated
with federal regulatory activities.
• Specific System Listing
Consider including Belle Isle Marsh in Boston, Revere, anc
Wir.throp Massachusetts. This urban salt marsh system is one of
the last relatively large salt marshes in Boston Harbor. VThile a
' portion of this system is now in public ownership and all of the
salt narsh is protected by stringent state regulations, enforce-
ment remains a problem. Specifically, numerous private properties
which abut the marsh system can result in activities that are
relatively small but, nevertheless, create cumulative adverse
impacts over a long period of time.
G?.C
mes
-------
Cj{cr^ J-fampsfdre ^Association of Conservation Commissions
54 Portsmouth Street Concord, NH 03301 (603) 224-7867
July 31, 19B6
V
David A. Fie-ra, Director
Kanecement Division
L'S t°k, ^.ecion I
JFU Federal Building RE: List of Priority Wetlands
boston, KA C22C3
Dear Kr. Fierra:
I arc not at ell sure how the NHACC should respond to your request for
corr.ents on the List of Priority Wetlands you sent earlier this month. The
copy you sent here did not include Appendix III, which appears to contain
Region I's reaction to this federally mandated listing, so I am relying on the
statement in the introduction "...it is a list of known or suspected trouble
spots in our region". .That is, the suggestions for possible expansion of the
ereawide list are areas which appear threatened rather than areas of highest
intrinsic value compared to other NH wetlands or waterbodies.
Suggestions:
1. Areawide
- Great Eay, Little Bey and the Piscataqua River - (Dover, Kadbury,
Durham, Newmarket, Stratham, Greenland, Newington, Portsmouth in Rockingham
anc; Strafford Counties) Estuarine system in high growth area (non-residential
and year-round and seasonal residential development). The NH Coastal Program
[Office of State Planning, 2 1/2 Beacon St, Concord, NH 03301 (603) 271-2155]
has applied to extend the Program to this area and has assembled available
information on the area in support of the application.
- Southern Strafford County - add to the SE New Hampshire category now
covering Hillsborough, Rockingham and Merrimack Counties. Strafford County is
listed with Sullivan as having areas of particular concern for fish and
wildlife. I see no problem with that listing, but suggest that the 3 county
listing is intended to highlight the area of the state that is experiencing
the greatest growth pressures; southern Strafford County is part of this area
as well.
2. Watershed (1 think, but possibly specific system)
- Lake Umbagog (Errol, with a bit in Cambridge; Coos County, NH and
i'.sine) This lake has almost no development and is an outstanding wildlife
habitat. The Audubon Society of NH, NH Natural Heritage Inventory, and the
Society for the Protection of NH Forests can provide documentation on species
present. The current threat is from a hydropower project in Maine which will
cause fluctuating water levels. There was a proposal to mine diatomaceous
from the bed of the lake, which was stepped, at least temporarily, by
:--e Arrv CCE (ur.csr the r.ivers and Harbors Act, rather than 404, I believe),
i: is cifficult to say ..'.".ether any future proposals might need 404 permits,
-------
but, unlike the areas suggested above, it has environmental and habitat values
superior to comparable water bodies in KH. (Comparable is probably the wrong
wire, since I can't think of a comparable water body...) In any event, it
s.i:L-iu be listed as an important area.
3. Areas of concern which may or may not be appropriately included somewhere
on the list:
- NH lakes in general and the larger ones in particular. Winnipesaukee
appears on the watershed list (p. 39, spelled incorrectly); it was the first
is;;e perceived to be threatened by the "galloping condominium" phenomenon and
still perceived as the most threatened. (One of the reasons for this is the
Winnipesaukee Basin Sewage System, whose availability allows greatly increased
development density.) However, other large lakes are beginning to perceive
similar pressures, notably Sunapee and Newfound, and to a lesser extent (so
far) Squam and Winnisquam. Should this concern about lakes in general be
reflected somehow? If one were to include "the Lakes Region waterbodies"
Lake Sunapee in New London, Newbury, and Sunapee would not be included.
Perhaps size might be a criteria...
On the other hand, fill is not often proposed; dredge proposals to remove
adjacent wetlands "interfering" with swimming anc boating are much more
common. Even if other lakes were listed, the impacting projects would be
likely to be outside the jurisdiction of 404...
4. One final suggestion: Have you sent your list to the NH Natural Heritage
Inventory for comments? They are still at 54 Portsmouth St., Concord, NH
03301 (603) 224-9945 but will be moving to DRED sometime scon. I know that
tr.ey have fo-r.d seme rare mussels in the sw portion of the state and that
portions of the Connecticut River are of particular concern...
Sincerely yours,
Executive Director
iv'.S/m
-------
rr
\siure Conservancy
L I. I
Vermont Field Office
13S Main Street
Montpeiier, Vermont 05602
(802) 229-4425
August 11, 1986
David A. Fierra
United States Environmental Protection Agency
J.F. Kennedy Federal Building
Boston, KA 02203
Dear Kr. Fierra:
Ue have enclosed an updated list of priority wetlands and
VLtarbcdies. Given the deadline of August 10 and our busy suszier
£ w'r.ciule, ve scrarbled to cor.pile this list. There are nunerous
additional sites associated vith ecologically significant areas
vl-.ich eventually should r.ake their v:ay to this list.
Please let us know if any questions need to be answered
.regarding our r.ost recent submission.
ma 1 «v
Karc R. DesKeules
Coordinator, Vermont
Natural Heritage Program
lIF.D/clb
cr.ci.
CC: Elizabeth Thompson, Botanist
Vermont Natural Heritage Progran
AC'S 1 u
'•'¦to laiace:e,t tu'isiai;
National Office, ISM North Kent Street, Arlington. Virginia 22209
-------
OF NEW HAMPSHIRE
F CRASTREE. !"
i . . I~v Z. V_ i 01\
FISH AND GAME DEPARTMENT
34 Bridge Street
Concorc N.H 03301
i603 271-3421
August 4, 1986
Davie A. Fierra, Director
Water Management Division
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Region 1
J.F.K. Federal Building
Boston, Ma. 02203
Dear Mr. Fierra:
Thank you for the opportunity to revise and update the List of
Priority Wetlands for Kew England, specifically Kew Hampshire. The following
recommended changes are amendments to the April 1985 list cf priority
wetlands in Kew Hampshire, provided at your request.
In Section III A: General Listlr.e please include in rivers identified
by nCS as Key Rivers in Their Atlantic Salmon Resotration Program, the
?er.igevasset River. In the Watershed Listing please include the Exeter
and Lamprey Rivers. Their anadror.ous runs are in possible jeopardy
iron hydro development. In the Specific Systems listings, please include
Lake Umbageg and the Great Bay Estuary and its tidal wetlands. Lake
Umbagog is in jeopardy from hydro development and twice has been targeted
for diatomaceous earth dredging. The Great Bay Estuary and tidal wetlands
is being subjected to industrial and residential growth pressures.
If you have any questions, you may contact Fisheries and Wildlife
Ecologist, William Ingham, Jr. at (603) 271-2501.
Allen F. Crabtree
Executive Director
WCl/AFC/jak
-------
14 A * t OT .- wND AND PRO\ iDEN'CE. PLANTATION'S
^
COA57AL RESOURCE? \:A\'AGE\:i\'7 COUXCII
cl 3'cvlr c::ec•
Proviier.ce, R..i. CZ?C£
August B. 1986
.^sviC ^• r*i£rrs
Director, Water Management Division
United States Environmental Protection Agency
Reoicn I
J. F. Kennedy Federal Building
Boston. Mass. 02203 '
Dear Mr. Fisrrs:
In reference to your letter received in this office July 17. I9B6. the following ere
suggested inclusions based Dn cur staff biologist review of the material you submitted:
p. IS. Cosst3l Ponds
--zi ccEstal pcr>ds_of Block Island (Town of New Shoreham). not presently under
any state rwrrTogernent" plan: , . . . /
1. Great Salt Pond V CXM^Cv
-------
ucVid A. Fierra
Director. Water Management Divis'on
August B. I9B6
Page Two
p. !J| v.'r.r-d/Pawcatuck Watershed (X-Ref. to p.^)
Note: Resource value includes RIDEM Fish k Wildlife management for Atlantic
salmon restoration, only watercourse in R.I. for this.
Regulation of activity on the Pawcatuck River is both R.I. (east shores) and CT
(west shores).
Threats to resource include marina development and water quality, particularly
commercial and industrial discharges.
p. Pettaquamscutt Watershed
Note: Resources include eastern oyster (RIDEM Shellfish Mgt. Area).
Threats to resource include failure of existing septic systems, particularly east
shores. Mettatuxet area.
Under comments, this watershed is presently in draft stages for a special area
management plan by CRMC and has been subject to a development moratorium
since Sept. 1935.
Possible inclusions under Watershed category:
1. Kickemuit River (towns Bristol and \\'2rren]—snadramous resourcs. potential
for state management: includes rather extensive salt marsh areas: resource threat
predominantly residential development.
2. Fotowomut River [towns Warwick and N. Kingstown)—potential anadrarr.ous
and waterfowl resource: low intensity use estuary includes a good proportion of
salt marsh.
Thank you for the opportunity to comment on this matter.
Sincerely yours.
Grover J. Fugate. Executive Director
Coastal Resources Management Council
GJF/jv
^ V-
r V ^
-------
Tlie University of \ ermont
Tsvid A. Fierra, Tirector
'.later Kax.agenent Division
V. S. Environmental Protection
J. F. Kennedy Federal Eldg.
Scstcn, Massachusetts 02203
August 6, :9S6
Agency, Region I
"ear .-if- Fierra:
Your letter cor.cerr.ing List of Priority Wetlands arrived in late July
just prior to =y being avay for tvo veeks. Since ny return I contacted Dr.
Carl Fagel of the Veroont Department of Water Resources, vho is actively
engaged in vetland endeavors for Vemont. Dr. Pagel inplied that the Agency
has been so busy trying to protect vetlands in Venaont that they haven't
beer, able to concentrate on an inventory.
Kovever, in looking over the inventory you sent to Be I can add these
cc—er.ts about sor.e vetlancs in Vemcr.t I an faniliar vith.
.1. All of the riverlike or deltaic vetlancs bordering the eastern shore
of Lake Chan? la in should be giver, priority status. They are
significant vith respect to flood storage, nutrient control,
aesthetics and vilclife habitat. Scr.e harbor aquatic invertebrate
species unique to Yemrnt. y.ar.y of these border vetlancs vere veil
studied in 1976-157" through fur.cir.g from the I.J.C. investigating the
possible ir.pact of proposed If.ke level regulation. These could be
individually documented given tare tine and funding.
£T
2. There are sone "behind dune snaller vetlancs along the Chanplain
shore vbcse status is questionable. I have been, and an, studying tvo%
of these. Their significance ray net be directly proportional to
their size.
3. The vetland adjacent to Snelburr.e Fond should be included in the
priority list. Aitong other vpiues it is of archeological interest.
I regret that »j.th tne' present tine "frane I en not able vo subnit nore
•"input. I certainly support the efforts of the EPA to protect the
endangered vetlancs.
Sincerely,
EEK/rdg
8 iSoo
. - r- • f r *.
• t • • V *
E. =>ennette Kenscn
Professor of Zoology
r
r r-
>•¦• »¦ { • i \ - >
I t < ' . I 1# .
1 * — W —. | ,
-------
:
State of Vermont
Dewtmjr: c f'.1
:' •'• = '
S:::e Ge: r ;
Natural r.eioj-:t:
V. •¦ = ' *e
¦::: P*-M,enc necret: or
:• s.tsojrtCi & Erv. -c — t".i £'¦:
^cr'sf'vstic" Counc.
AGENCY OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION
DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND WILDLIFE
August 6,
111 We;: S;:ect
Essex 1::..VT 05*52
;sC2, r-£:c:-
N. Sr::-kV7 0::5C
;oc¦;,¦ ta~:z:s
KFD 1. F-.-.-.sfora Acidcmy
Fittsicri.VT 057tj
'S02; 3-^300
C = ft
~ 255 K. Miin Street
Eirre.VT 05641
fsC; 62&-245«
I '.EC ?or;iir.c Srrcc:
St.Johnrsury, VT C'5S1S
(£02) 746-E787
Mr. I a. v i c A. Fierra, Director
Water Management Division
U.S. Environments! Protection A g e r. c v
r: e g i c n 1
J.F. Kennedy Federal Building
Eos ton, MA 02 203
Deer Mr. Fierra
o 'j for
yc'jr recent letter t; the Ver-cnt Fish and Wildlife
.rr.ent concerr.inc' the current urcate of the List cf Pricritv
;. e 11 ar c s for New England. Please note that we have a new
Cc - t. i s s i oner , Steve E. Wright, for vhcri this response is being
pre; ired.
In reviewing the materials relative to Vermont, (excerpts
extracted and enclosed separately) I fcund that several of our
-est ir.pcrtar.t wetland areas and river systems for wildlife and
fisheries were not included. Attached is a list of additional
wetland systems, primarily rivers and lakeside marshes, which
should be added to the E.P.A. listing for Vermont. Their locations
are shewn on Figure III-l of your report (attached).
Please let me know if I can be of additional assistance.
Sincerely,
Thcr.as R. Myers
State Waterfowl Biologist
c: tenio3in W. Day, Director of Wildlife
Carl Pagel, State Wetlands Coordinator
prnr-t-, /T-rx
i\Lo~i w'r ;. . ' :^A
-------
E.P.A. LIST OF PRIORITY WETLANDS FOR new EKCI.AK'n
Additional listings of important wildlife and fisheries related
wetlands for Vermont .
. Lake Champlain-lakeside marshes and river delta wetlands
along eastern shore of Lake Chanplair. ,
j 2. Lake Champlain-the "Narrows". Riverine type wetlands
comprising southern portion of Lake Char.plain
from Benson Landing, south.
3. Missis q u o i River-river and adjacent wetlands
^ . Lamoille River-river and adjacent wetlands
5. Vinooski River-river and adjacent wetlands
6. Little Ctter Creek-river and adjacent wetlands
7. Otter Creek-river and adjacent wetlands
8. East Creek-r'iver and adjacent wetlands
9. Lake Memphremagog-lakeside marshes, especially those of
South Bay.
/10. Lake Memphremagog-Elack, Barton and Clyde Rivers
11. White River and its tributaries(anadramous salmon restora-
tion program).
-------
State of Vermont
AGENCY OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION
Montpelier, Vermont 05602
DEPARTMENT of fish and wildlife
c¦ V.r.c ressufces & envir
t: Conscfvenon Counci
ncr' r* =.s-
— c-.: f -c-es;s. f-a-r.i.ana Btccs:.or,
c' ressutces & cnviror.rntnia' Engineering
r.'JCUSt 11, 1986
Sr. David k. Fierra, Director
Kcter ('.enscesent Division
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Recion 1
J.F.K. Federal Building
Eoston, KA 22203
Dear Mr. Fierra:
I an responding to your request for assistance from the
State of Vermont in revising your List of Priority 'Wetlands.
Ycu should also have received a reply from our State Waterfowl
Eiolccist, Thomas Myers.
K.r. Kyers has added Vermont's most important wetlands to
your list. Certainly there are other valuable wetlands in
Verr.ont, but I am hesitant to add to the list for two reasons.
First, I am uncertain of just what constitutes a "priority
wetland." Your Railing provides some guidance but the selection
is stiil quite subjective. I am not sure how far to go.
Secondly, a listing of this nature can not be completed
hastily. Your material only recently reached my desk. To do a
thcrcuch job I would want enough ticie to solicit reviews and
comments from each of our District Fisheries Biologists.
I'orking within the time available, I feel Mr. Myers' list is
reasonably complete.
Should a more in-depth effort be "needed in the future, I
would be happy to participate, given a little more time and
detail. In the interim, I trust that Mr. Myers* revision is
c.j£iicient.
Sinc.erely, , a, ,
Roaerick Kentworth \
Asst. Director of Fisheries
*«vt lc;/37
C* r 1 1
*te »
-------
AGENCY OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION
Dcpj'sn?"
Oen-.rr-.-
Der-s'trr.e-r
C'4 ? if c~- W'f5:i*E
• ' l 8r~
C' PecOv'ces & E^k'.'fcn^fn'.s £rctneer:nc
Montpelier, Vermont 05(
Department of Water Reeoui
and
Environmental Enginee
Natural Pssof'Ci! Crufvaior
S:s»t G f-" c = •:*
^ounc.'
July 2 6, 15S€
Kr. David A. Fierrs., Director
Kater Management Division
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
J. F. Kennedy Federal 3uilding
Bos-on, Massachusetts C2203
Dear Mr. Fierra:
Thi-r.k you for "your letter concerning the question of
designating important wetlands under 404(c) and Section 230.80 of
the Z?k 404(b)(1) guidelines.
ks I am sure you are aware, "he Vermont General Assembly
this vear enacted a law for the protection of wetlands. Under
ths." lav the Water Resources Board is to devise a process by
esignite those wetlands which are so significant that
which to cet.v..
they merit protection by the state. The Department is presently
working on policies and rules with the Water Resources Board with
the goal of designating wetlands for public consideration.
In view of this on-going process we would prefer leaving
tine for the Eoard and the public to make their preferences known
about which wetlands they consider to be significant, rather than
fcr the Department to prejudge this process. Khen the
cesicr.ation process is complete this information nay further your
work"on advanced identification of important wetlands.
It is also our feeling that sites should not be designated
pursuant to the process which you describe without an opportunity
for the oublic in the area of concern to formally comment on your
proposals. If you feel it is necessary to designate sites in
Vermont in advance of actions by the Water Resources Board ve
will assist you in identifying parties who should be contacted as
part of a public hearing notification process.
Thank you for the opportunity to comment on your work.
L. Clough, Director
Kater Quality Division
DIC/£B£/vjb
~ . iCj.•» • IrthncKurvi
-------
INDEX
Pono, YT (p. 110;
Alton Boo, ME (p. 4 5)
ansiro-oj? fish, ME (p. 40)
Ash Creek, CT (p. ")
Bcscl; River, CT (p. 27)
Barrinctor. River, RI (p. 97)
Br.'.ir Pori, CT (o. 8)
5-11.3 Isle ".arsh, M-. (p. 62)
Benton Hill Fen, CT (p. 9)
biris 5, 43, 61, 80, 95, 108)
Bradford M.ojntain Sv.'s^p, CT (p. 10)
Bride Brook Estuary, CT (p. 11)
Bjzzarc's Bay, MA (p. 63)
Caribou Poo, "Z (p. 49)
Lake Cha-olain, VT (p. Ill)
Cnero Bog", *•£ (p. 46)
Cnickerir.r Boo, VT (p. 112)
Coastal Plain Pond shore Ccnvrunity, MA (p. 57)
Cochato River, MA (p. 64)
Cog inch a.!? River, CT (p. 12)
Colchester Bog, VT (p. 113)
Cc'can^id Lakes and Bog, "A (p. 65)
Connecticut River, CT,KA,NH,VT(pp.l3,66,81,114)
Ccpps Ponf. end Copps Pond Marsh, NH (p. 82)
Corn vail S'.:arp, VT (p. 115)
Dead Creek Marsh, VT (p. 116)
Dorset Marsh, VI (p. 117)
drinking >•:?,ter (pp. 4, 41, 59, 77, 93, 107)
Dry Brook, MA (o. 75)
ducks (pp. 1, 37, 56, 91)
Duv.tan River, ME (p. 47)
East Cree"; Marsh, VT (p. 118)
East River, CT (p. 14)
Eelgrass beds, ME (p. 39)
Essex River, MA (d. 67)
Exeter Ri^er, NH (p. 83)
Famill River, CT (p. 15)
Farmington River, CT (p. 16)
Fifield Pond Bog, VT (p. 119)
French River, MA (p. 68)
Franklin Bog, VT (p. 120)
Glastonbury, CT (p. 31)
Great Bay Estuary, NH (p. 87)
Great Cedar Swamp, MA (p. 69)
Great Meadov.'s, CT (p. 17)
Greenv;ich Bay, RI (p. 96)
groundwater,CT (p. 6)
Haraonassatt Marshes, CT (p. 18)
Helton, NH (p. 78)
Hartford County, CT (p. 2)
Hocka-rock Svarp, MA (p. 70)
Koosic River, MA (p. 71)
Housstonic River, CT, MA (pp. 19, 72)
Hundred Acre Cove, NH (p. 97)
jjppounlnents (pp. 4,41,59,77,93,107)
Intervale, VT (p. 121)
Kicke^jit River, RI (p. 98)
Lamprey River, NH (p. 84)
Little Bay Estuary, NH (p. 87)
Little N'arragaasett Bay, CT (p. 20)
Long Pond Sv.'a-p, VT (p. 122)
Lonsdale Marshes, RI (p. 99)
Mattabessett-River, CT (p. 21)
Lake Memphrernegog, VI (p. 123)
Menunketesuck River, CT (p. 22)
Merrimack River, MA, NH (pp. 73, 85)
Mianus River, CT (p. 23)
Middlesex County, CT (p. 2, 3)
Missisquoi Marsh, VT (p. 124)
Mystic River, CT (p. 25)
Molly Bog, VT (p. 125)
Moore Brook, CT (p. 24)
Mocsup River, RI (p. 100)
New Hanpshire, southeast (p. 79)
New Haven Harbor, CT (p. 26)
North Hampton, NH (p. 78)
North Mill Pond, NH (p. 86)
Old Orchard Reach, me (p. 48)
Qrono Bog, MS (p. 49)
Oyster River, CT (p. 27)
Palmer River, RI (p. 101)
Pataguansett River Estuary, CT (p. 28)
Pawcatuck River, RI (p. 102)
Pawtuxet River, RI (p. 103)
Peacham Bog, VT (p. 126)
peatlands, MS (pp. 38, 44)
Penobscot River, ME (p. 50)
Pettaqucmscott River, RI (p. 104)
Pine Creek, CT (p. 29)
Pine River, MA (p. 74)
Piscataqua River, NH (p. 87)
Potowcmut River, RI (p. 105)
Jbtts Rog, RI (p. 106)
Bownal Bog, VT (p. 127)
Rachel Carson NWR, ME (p. 54)
Revere River, MA (p. 74)
Robbins Swamp, CT (p. 30)
Rocky Hill, CT (p. 31)
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Route 128, MA (p. 60)
Route 495, MA (p. 60)
Rutland County, VT (p. 109)
Rye, NH (p. 78)
Saco Heath, ME (p. 51)
Salisbury Swamp, VT (p. 128)
Salt Ponds, RI (p. 92)
Sandbar Marsh, VT (p. 129)
Saugus River, MA (p. 74)
Saugatuck River, CT (p. 32)
Scanton Bog, VT (p. 130)
Scarborough River, ME (p. 47)
Schenob Brook, MA (p. 75)
Searlane Basin, MA (p. 74)
sole-source aquifers, MA, RI (pp. 58, 94)
Squabble Brook, CT (p. 33)
Still River, CT (p. 34)
SucV.^r Brook, CT (p. 35)
Sugar River, NH (p. 88)
Sunkhaze Bog, ME (p. 52)
Sweedens Swanp, MA (p. 76)
Thames River, CT (p. 36)
tidal/freshwater transition zones, ME (p. 42)
Lake Umhagog, ME, NH (pp. 53, 89)
Vernon Black Gum Swamp, VT (p. 131)
West Rutland Marsh, VT (p. 132)
V.'ethi re field Meadows, CT (p. 31)
Windsor County, VT (p. 109)
Lake 'Jinnipesauke, NH (p. 90)
lixxj ?iver, RI (p. 102)
York River, ME (p. 55)
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