United States Environmental Protection Agency' Information Resources Management (PM-211D) EPA 220-N-92-001 Issue Number 19 July 1992 INFO ACCESS Library Network Communications Building Partnerships - Off to a Good Start by Jonda Byrd, IMSD •jjFOR h EPA is delighted to forge this partnership with NO A A. - Dalva Balkus, Information Management and Services Division The idea for the EPA/NOAA meeting was bom January 1991 in Cincinnati at the EPA Librarians Meeting. Janice Beattie, Chief of NOAA's Regional Libraries Branch, was there to speak about the NOAA Central Library and NOAA libraries around the nation. The EPA librarians realized, as they listened to Janice's presentation, that it would be very productive and enlightening to meet with the NOAA librarians. After all, the disciplines of the two agencies overlap, the information needs of their clients are similar, and the subject orientation of the libraries'collections are also similar. They decided that it would be interesting to share their concerns, ideas, and information about products and services; face-to-face networking is always fruitful. So we started talking about the possibilities of such a meeting right then and there. Planning the Meeting Of course, the talk in Cincinnati about a future meeting was very preliminary. The actual planning for the 1992 meeting started in April 1991. One of the early decisions was that the theme of the meeting would be "building partnerships for information access," a favorite topic of information professionals in both agencies. We met several times to select speakers and plan the agenda for the meeting. Our primary goal was to get the two library networks together, to initiate a dialogue and facilitate networking among the members. In other words, to build a partnership between the two networks. We hoped the speakers would provide insight into the future of information and the evolving role of the information professional. Several of them outlined the challenges that lie ahead and provided ideas on how to meet these challenges. The technology demonstrations served a similar Continued on page 2 Building Partnerships for Information Access Proceedings of the EPA/NOAA Librarians Meeting, April 28-30,1992 Bethesda, Maryland @ Printed on Recycled Paper ------- /fr""" ';iir u.":U. > INFu'*'S®M/: ¦'•'.ill. 1 s «!" S< N '/V < <• ¦. % v ^ July 1992 issue Welcome to the Meeting p. 3 Librarians as Leaders p. 4 Librarians as Managers p.5 Patricia Klinck &VALS p. 6-7 National Institutes for the Environment p. 8-9 Public Access to Information p. 9 Sarah Kadec & The Future p. 10-11 NOAA LINC p. 12 Access to EPA & NOAA Pubs p. 16 V Good Start from page 1 purpose: they introduced us to sources of information and complemented the discussions on access to and delivery of the information. These are two important issues that must be addressed by information professionals in the furure. In This Issue ... The articles in this issue comprise the proceedings of the meeting; they are summaries or abbreviated versions of remarks made by speakers. We did not have the room to print the full text of every session, but in most cases, those who are interested in a specific session can request a more complete version. In addition to the sessions represented in the following pages, there was a panel discussion about "building partnerships with clients." Four librarians, two each from NOAA and EPA, talked about their experiences with agency clients. In a way these were case studies of the various information needs and services within the agencies; the librarians involved worked with agency staff to develop information support needed for various agency projects. There was also a break out session on "ideas to improve information networking," in which participants were asked to outline the things they would need to build the ideal environment for sharing information. What Next? Of course the most critical part of a partnership effort such as this is the time immediately following the initial meeting. The April meeting seemed to be a success, but will the dialogue continue? Was enough interest generated to sustain the new partnership? We have received suggestions from librarians in both agencies that this group meet regularly every few years, and we are looking into this possibility. & Much is known, unfortunately in different heads. - Werner Kollat Much information is available, unfortunately in different information systems. - Brand Niemann CNFOACCESS, a forum to provide information and report on progress in information management) across the Agency, is produced by the Information Access Branch (IAB) of the Information Management and Services Division (IMSD), Washington, DC, under the direction of Jonda Byrd, National Library Network Program Manager. Please send comments and suggestions to: Mary Hoffman (contractor), Network Coordinator, PM-211B, EPA Headquarters Library, 401 M Street, SW, Washington, DC 20460. ^Telephone: (202) 260-7762. Electronic mail: Hoffman. Mary. ^ INFO ACCESS pJ^J lULY 1992 ------- Dr. Bruce Parker, an investigator at NOAA's Global Sea Level Program, and Brand Niemann, Irom EPA's Center for Environmental Statistics, presented enthusiastic welcoming talks to open the second day of the EPA/NOAA Librarians Meeting. Both are agency researchers who use information on a daily basis and support information providers in their efforts to make information widely accessible and easy to use. Working with Environmental Statistics Brand Niemann spoke about his efforts to bridge the information gap in environmental statistics through his work in the Center for Environmental Statistics. He stated that the environment is the only major area that does not have a federal bureau or center for statistics, and traditionally it has been difficult for the average person to obtain and understand environmental statistical information. Staff at the Center for Environmental Statistics are developing guides to environmental statistics across the Federal Government, including electronic mechanisms to facilitate the description, analysis, and use of the information. One of the Center's latest projects, the Guide to Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government, is a tool for locating and obtaining information. The Guide is a referral to the those who work with environmental data. It is a quick reference to help policy analysts and decision-makers find policy-relevant environmental statistics, publications, and data experts. In this product, the Center can provide information and sample statistics from about 70 of the best government programs in one place, with the name of the expert to contact for more details. Librarians and information providers are the Center's first-line client and partner in information Scientists Welcome EPA and NOAA Librarians to the Meeting Presenting the welcoming address: Brand Niemann, Center for Environmental Statistics, EPA and Dr. Bruce Parker. Global Sea Level Program, NOAA dissemination and feedback. Center products will be available as documents, on diskettes, CD-ROMS, and online to facilitate the widest possible access. The Center is standardizing search and dissemination mechanisms to make it easier for users to access the information. It is also working to make its products available through electronic networks to thousands of researchers and scientists outside the agency. Calculating Sea Level Rise Dr. Bruce Parker is another individual accustomed to working with information and information providers. His work in the Global Sea Level Program requires him to work with a lot of different types of data sets dealing with sea level. There are three sections in the Program, Satellite Alimetry, which studies data such as sea surface topography; In Situ Research, which works with data collected in various locations; and Geodetic Measurement, which deals with land movement. Dr. Parker explained that sea level rise is probably the most highly publicized aspect of global sea level research. He noted that it is difficult to project what will happen to sea level in the future, because it has been difficult to figure out what has happened in the past. There are a number of research stations collecting data, but they are located primarily in the northen hemisphere, and primarily in developed countries, so it is difficult to calculate a global average. There are also numerous factors that complicate the calculation of sea level rise; glaciers retreating, sinking land masses, water expansion due to an increase in water temperature, and a variety of meteorological conditions. In his investigation of the causes of sea level rise, Dr. Parker has become an enthusiastic user of the NOAA Central Library. The library provides quick access to several of the data sets collected by the agency and related organizations. It covers a broad range of data, with several historical collections, and up-to-date information on climate. Dr. Parker is a regular user of information in CD-ROM format; the library has the Comprehensive Ocean and Atmospheric Dataset (COADS), River Discharge Data (from the U.S. Geological Survey), and World Weather Disk available for research. Researchers are now going to the library for data - not just for information. They will still go to the library for information, and Dr. Parker emphasized that journals are still the most important source of up-to-date scientific research. Information Partners Both speakers were enthusiastic in discussing their use of information to support their work, and were generous in their praise of information providers such as librarians. This is a good illustration JULY 1992 3 INFOACCESS ------- Librarians... ... 3S Leaders within the Organization Excerpts from a presentation by Daiva Balkus, Director, Information Management and Services Division (IMSD), EPA Information has to be provided in a useful form for the client. Both EPA and NOAA recognize that the information and data you are managing has no organizational or bureaucratic identity. To the user of your information - your scientists, policymakers, students, the public - the only thing that matters about that information is its accessibility and credibility. You librarians are starting to break down boundaries that are coming down in a lot of other areas in our society, particularly in the information world. The breakdown of the walls surrounding libraries started with interlibrary loan and the comprehensive online library catalogs that we all now manage. We have progressed into an age where clients can walk into your facility and obtain information and data that goes beyond what your library had ten to twenty years ago. Your clients can access electronic databases produced by the news media that are almost real time, and log into databases and clearinghouses from other agencies and non-profit organizations. This access has made walls crumble further. What does this mean to us who manage information centers and libraries? One of the things it means is that in our agency employees will not always have to come to us for information. One of our senior managers at EPA has a vision that in a couple of years every EPA employee will have on his desktop every tool that he needs to do his job, and that includes access to all the library holdings, to commercial databases, to clearinghouses, agency databases, and hotlines. In other words, everything that that person needs to do his job. So what does that mean to us, and what is it that will make people continue to come to us for information? One of the things that has already started to happen is that librarian's skills and the things they have to offer people will change in a fundamental way. All of you now have electronic experience that people twenty years ago did not have. That experience will become the basic skill of all information providers, no longer something that is an ancillary skill, but something that is absolutely essential. Part of that electronic skill will be the judgment about what kind of information sources and providers are credible. Those are important judgments. There is too much information out there for us to just pull it together and throw it back at our clients. The filtering and judgment that librarians bring to the provision of information are critical. Everyone is talking about how critical communication skills are going to be to the librarian of the future. One of Matthew Lesko's theories is that the best information in the country is available in the heads of government experts, and can only be accessed by picking up the phone and calling them. You simply have to know where to go and how to talk to them. The filtering of the information is just as important as the presentation of information. The way you communicate the information back to the client is absolutely essential to how they incorporate it and whether or not they can use it. Information has to be provided in a useful form for the client. So how can librarians become leaders within their organizations? Librarians are going to have to shape the vision of the future library. Part of this means keeping up to date with what various futurists - library futurists and electronic futurists - are saying. Part of it is starting to plan where your facility and your information capability needs to go, and what makes sense for your agency. To plan it, to figure out what it is going to cost, to figure out what that vision is, and then to market it is the tremendous challenge that we are all facing. I am absolutely convinced that we are going to have to do it together - and starting right away. Or the library as we know it will be eroded by small Continued on page 13 I INFOACCESS JULY 1992 ------- ... as Organizational Managers A summary of a presentation by Janice Beattie, Chief, Regional Libraries Branch, NOAA Library Network Coordinator Types of Management There are five basic types of management in the library: collection, personnel, resources, time, self. The first type, Collection Management, is where information specialists excell. This includes everything that relates to library and information services, from information retrieval to document delivery. It involves creating an environment that is conducive to use of the information. This is our professional life. The second type, Personnel Management, has to do with staffing, work performance, appraisals, carrying out EEO standards, etc. Communication is the keyword in personnel management. As information specialists most of us do a good job with this type of management. Without Time Management we would go in circles. We must prioritize our work, make the famous "list" and stick to it. There are many techniques of time management. Pick one and use it - you will need it to accomplish your goals and plans. There are many articles on time management in the literature, and it is always good to review them to see if you can manage your time better. Time management will help us once we learn that we can't do it all. Resource Management, the fourth type, involves our handling of upper management to get what we need to accomplish our goals. When we work with upper management we have to remember we are trading in our professional selves to become salespeople and marketers. If upper management understand the benefits of our service, we will get the resources we want or need to run a good library or information center. As information specialists and librarians, we must remember that the professional functions we perform are support sen/ices. The effects of our services are not measurable by quantitative or monetary means. The only way to evaluate the effects of our services is by value judgements, which are necessarily subjective. By the nature of this it is often difficult to get higher levels of management to understand our services. It is important that we get them to understand. Working Toward the Agency's Mission Because of its size, a special library is flexible, geared to expediency, and capable of responding to rapid change to support a clientele with individualized and changing requirements. Because the library services are typically support sen/ices, and in order to perform effectively, it is crucial that we know the concepts, the thinking, and vocabulary of those who manage our agency. We must show our managers that we are mission-essential. If we cannot prove that we are essential to the mission of our lab or agency, we will cease to be needed. We will become expendable, especially at budget time. We must be able to identify benefits to the programs we serve. We must be able to project the library's resources and show the benefits and the needs of the new technology that we have worked so hard to implement. And while we must make effective use of our funds, we must also demonstrate the efficient use of our funds to management. Efficiency is the key. Management looks at costs and at benefits, and if we can't sell ourselves, we will never have the resources to be able to perform to our maximum potential. Playing the Budget & Planning Game We have to know the budget process. There are many guides to budgeting. Find one. Follow it. There are spreadsheets that are available off the shelf. Take a look and see how your agency presents its budget. Present your budget in the same manner so that when your management looks at it they fully understand what you are saying. Use your network connections. Talk to your colleagues. Is there a library that always seems to get what it wants? Find out how the staff got its management to understand its needs. Know when your operating budgets are being planned. Make sure you are in the loop. Review the objectives and goals of the lab or center and see how you fit in. Management has its own vocabulary. Learn it, so that when you go before them with your plans, they will understand what you are saying. You may think that it is a highly guarded secret when management does its strategic or budget planning for operations. Find out when it is being done. Know your organization. Getting the Job Done I guess you might say we need to be 'know-it-alls." Know people. Know technology. Know paper sources. Know procurement. Know travel. We have to recognize that the management side of our jobs will take more time. We must learn how our organizations make their decisions and what their goals are. If not, we will always be playing catch-up. Remember that we are not in an adversarial role with our managers - we are all part of a team. Often it is necessary to educate management so we can obtain the resources necessary to meet our joint objectives. * JULY 1992 s INFOACCESS ------- Challenge, Choice & Opportunity: Emerging Library and Information Cooperation Excerpts from a presentation by Patricia Kiinck, Vermont State Librarian In both the public and private sector, information infrastructures are being put in place that will drastically change the way that traditional library services, emerging information services, and government services are delivered to and accessed by the citizenry. The train has left the station, and how can we, the library community, cooperate and share our resources to catch up, keep up, and meet the reading ¦ and Information challenges of the next decade? As I stand here I am very clearly reminded that technology has certainly changed the world order. Ten years ago, if anyone told you that the State Librarian from the most rural state in the country would be talking about technology before a national conference of Federal information experts, there would have been eyes rolling all over the room. So why me? I guess it's safe to say in cooperation and network- ing, we've been there and it can and does work. How did it all begin? In Vermont it was very clear in the early 1980's that information technology was significantly changing the world - except in Vermont. From local towns to the statehouses nationwide we knew that technology was changing the way we would be delivering government services to our citizenry. The writing was on the wall that access to information was going to be the difference between the have and the have-nots. Our mission was to insure that all Vermonters regardless of location, isolation, age, economic status, education or special need have the same access to information as the most sophisticated urban or suburban user. About Vermont Vermont is the most rural state in the country and has no county or middle level government and therefore has only very small town libraries and the State Library system to provide a rural population with information access. Over 90% of the 210 existing public libraries are in towns with populations of less than 2,000 and are staffed by part- time personnel with no formal library training or volunteers. Vermont terrain and climate often make travel to the major library collections difficult. Small colleges, public and private, as well as rural school and small public libraries also need access to major research collections and national information sources to support both research and individual needs. Small rural libraries lack the tax base to provide the financial and human resources to make the transition to new technologies and INFOACCESS formats for information. However, they treasure their local control and autonomy. In Vermont, technical development, leadership, and training in the library and information area had to come from a State agency which has no regulatory power. Developing the Vermont Automated Library System (VALS) To meet the challenge the VALS team chose an operating systems that most closely met its financial, personnel, and operational requirements, but that also had the ability to provide a "turn-key" environment, freeing the staff to continue their roles as information providers. The team settled on the ATLAS software developed by Data Research Associates which operates on Digital Equipment hardware. The system consists of local bibliographic databases (i.e. six online library catalogs) which are directly linked with dedicated telephone lines and dial access lines, allowing remote users to query all the online catalogs to determine location and status of materials with a single local telephone call. Any standard microcomputer with telecommunications software emulating a VT100 will work. By 1988 all public libraries had toll free access to the network. As of spring 1992,90 public libraries, 60 school libraries, and 24 academic/ other libraries use the system regularly. Activities of the network include the online catalog of five major library collections, electronic mail for intercommunication and Continued on page 7 ]ULY 1992 ------- Challenges from page 6 interlibrary loan, circulation and reservation of materials, automated cataloging links to national bibliographic databases (OCLC and others), automated services to visually and physically handicapped persons as well as Vermont government information in full text databases. This statewide linked network as revised in FY86 was finally implemented in a multi-vendor environment. The transparent links between major collections have been in place since early 1989. In 1990 a public library database of holdings in 100 libraries was made available and access from the home to locate materials was implemented. The design allows microcomputer access to the major library collections in the state for all libraries (public, school, academic and special). It also gives the State network the capability to link to networks nationwide via the ISO/OSI computer to computer protocol and forms the basis for electronic document delivery. To ease access, telecommunications costs for local libraries accessing the online catalog were, and are today, assumed at the State level. To facilitate local library use of the system the Department of Libraries developed in FY89 a Challenge Grant Program with State and private funds to aid rural libraries in purchasing the necessary computer equipment and software. Awarded for Innovation VALS is innovative on several levels and was one of the ten 1988 recipients of the Ford Foundation- Harvard/Kennedy School of Government Innovations in State and Local Government Awards. In a state with extremely limited information resources, it brings together the major public and private academic and state library resources and makes them available upon demand to rural libraries and individuals without limitation either in level, location or format of material or by the age, economic status, location, or special needs of the user. The ultimate dream is to follow this first step to make all public state government data available at the local level, and provide the requested material in the format most convenient to the user, no matter how isolated he or she might be. The policy has been and will continue to be to provide access to the automated system to public libraries at no cost (to them) and to share the costs of access to each other's systems with the major linked institutions. Direct access to the general public from businesses or homes is offered for the cost of a long distance phone call. No user access fees are charged. VALS has also been able to provide access to information beyond that originally anticipated by housing data compiled but not readily accessible at other institutions (newspaper indexes) and other branches and departments of State government (Supreme Court opinions, legislative bills/laws, Secretary of State corporation files, the State's open bid system, Human Services I & R system, etc.). The costs of doing this require a small investment in off-the- shelf software and storage costs, yet access and visibility has been dramatically increased. It has resulted in the decision that VALS has been designated as the public's access point for State government information in all areas. Coordinating VALS The VALS networking component and its ongoing operation is coordinated by the Department of Libraries using the Vermont Interlibrary Loan Code and the American Library Association Guidelines. Each local automated system, however, is controlled by the individual institution or jurisdiction involved. The links and access are coordinated under a signed letter of understanding with the Department of Libraries established as a statewide coordinator. A Technical Advisory Committee of ten was established to develop the links and guidelines as well as work with the vendor to develop software for statewide interlibrary loan. This group recommends policy that ultimately is submitted to th« Vermont Board of Libraries for adoption. ... a statewkle network that meets the information needs of Vermont citizens within existing political structures. In Conclusion - It Works! The network design is complex but meets the needs of local Vermont institutions and jurisdictions to control and govern their own systems and collections but has the advantage of making their materials available statewide in the Vermont Resources Sharing Network, replacing a manual system built on 50 years of cooperation. Most importantly, the local user continues to have access to all available materials and information statewide. Prior to 1984 no Vermont library was automated. The VALS partnership seized the opportunity to set the playing field and for all practical purposes determined how the information and resource sharing would be structured and accessed in Vermont well into the 21st century. It's not perfect but it has the flexibility to expand and to change - and most important, it works. This is an abbreviated version of Ms. Klinck's talk. If you are interested in obtaining a full text version of her remarks, contact Mary Hoffman (contractor), Network Coordinator, at (202) 260-7762; Email: JULY 1992 2 INFOACCESS ------- A Proposal for a National Institutes for the Environment A summary of a presentation by David Blockstein, Executive Director for the Committee for a National Institutes for the Environment Committee for the National Institutes for the Environment (CNIE) The CNIE is a grass roots organization that has grown out of the scientific community. The idea is to engage the public to determine the need for information about the environment. The ultimate goal is to reach a consensus about what we need in terms of environmental information, and then present the information to Congress. The CNIE is the brainchild of two academic ecologists, Steve Hubbell from Princeton University, and Henry Howe from the University of Illinois- Chicago. Their proposal describes an agency charged with developing a scientific basis for understanding the environment and compiling knowledge relevant to public policy. The effort is about two and a half years old; it began in 1987. In 1990 Hubbell and Howe testified before Congress, and convinced the House and Senate to authorize the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) to study the idea. Less than a year later money was appropriated for the NAS to evaluate the state of environmental research and training in the U.S. The CNIE expects to review the study results and present a proposal to Congress during 1993. NIE Model The National Institutes for the Environment (NIE) would provide leadership and cohesion fornational research and training efforts on environmental problems. The following are the key features of the NIE concept: Scientific autonomy [Non- regulatory science funding agency]. NIE's mission would be science and the collection and dissemination of information. Mission orientation. NIE- sponsored research would seek to understand fundamental environmental processes, as well as the interactions of people and the environment. Focus on Core Problems. NIE-sponsored research would be organized around core environmental problems, such as deforestation, sustainable development, and pollution prevention. Collaborative Approach. The NIE would promote an integral approach to problem-solving through multidisciplinary funding. NIE Wirier Range of Research. The NIE would broaden the U.S. environmental research and training agenda to address a wider range of environmental problems. Nongovernmental Research and Training. One of NIE's primary aims would be to build the capacity of the nation's colleges and universities to conduct research and train the next generation of environmental scientists and professionals. Accessible and Accurate Data. The NIE would create a National Library of the Environment to support scientists, the public, and policy makers. The NIE would be the only U.S. agency with the primary objective of sponsoring mission-oriented fundamental and applied 1NFOACCESS We have not inherited the earth from our ancestors, we a re borrowing it from our children. - Native American adage environmental research, education, and training. The NIE model includes extramural research institutions focusing on human environment, basic research, ecosystem management, environmental change, sustainable resources, and pollution prevention. These would be supported by intramural support centers including a national library, office of environmental education, environmental assessments, and fellowships & grants. A National Library for the Environment (NLE) The National Library for the Environment would be part of the National Institutes for the Environment, providing access to an NIE-sponsored data collection and maintaining linkages with other Federal, state, and private organizations that maintain information about the environment. The NLE would manage information about the environment and translate it in a useful way for the various user groups. The proposed NLE would consist of ~A collection of publications, reports, and audiovisual materials. ~An online information retrieval system providing access to printed materials, databases, and other environmental information products. ~Standards and policy providing data accessibility and reliability. ~A staff of information managers to develop standards and accessibility. ~Grant support for development of environmental information services. Continued on page 9 JULY 1992 ------- NIE from page 8 Who would the NLE serve? Researchers, resource managers, policy makers, educators, and the public. It would connect with the various sources of information, government research laboratories, government libraries, and various users. It would provide information services, products, communication links, expertise and analysis, and the development of new technologies. How would existing NOAA, EPA, and Department of the Interior libraries fit in with NLE? The NLE would be an access point for the combined information resources of available in those libraries. Drafting the Proposal Bruce Gritton, Database Administrator at the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute is heading the group working to develop the NLE proposal. The group headed by Gritton prepared a revised proposal for discussion by a more diverse group at CNIE's National Conference in late May. After this meeting the proposal will then be revised again and included in the overall Needs Statement for the NIE which will be prepared over the summer for public presentation in the fall. Individuals wishing to participate in the development of the proposal for the National Library for the Environment should contact Bruce Gritton at (408) 647-3733; Fax (408) 649-8587; or write to MBARI, 160 Central Avenue, Pacific Grove, CA 93950. If you would like more information about the Committee for the National Institutes for the Environment, you can reach the Committee at (202) 628-4303; Fax (202) 628-4311; or write to CNIE, 730 11th Street, NW, Washington, DC 20001-4521. On Bitnet - AIBS@GWUVM. On Internet - AIBS@GWUVM.GWU.EDU. * Public Access to Information A discussion led by Brigid Rapp, Chief, EPA Information Access Branch Public expectations for EPA and public concern about the environment are very high. State, local and Federal governments are all having to learn to do more for the public with fewer resources available to them. At EPA, the Information Access Branch (IAB) in the Office of Information Resources Management is charged with developing the agency's Public Access Program. The Program is concerned with finding ways for EPA to get information out to the public, and to enable information brokers such as the public librarians to help convey environmental information to their constituencies. The EPA Library Network is often the first point of access for the public. Within the Network there are Regional libraries with a broad mandate to serve a lot of different user groups and Laboratory libraries whose primary clients are EPA scientists, but who face the same demands as every other library from the public and other users. Even though the EPA libraries have their special niches, they are also available to a much broader user group. When discussing the public access issue, information providers ask some of the following questions: Do we want to become better at what we are doing? Do we want to become better traditional librarians - those who fill the role of supporting the mission of the organization by providing information upon request? Or do we want to define a very different role for ourselves as librarians? Do we want to become the systems designers, and the spokespeople for information users, or the people that help facilitate training other people to use systems? It is hoped that participants will use the meeting to network with colleagues and begin to discuss ideas for delivering information to the public.The preceding remarks resulted in a group discussion of the following issues: ~ Agency staff want to have information available from their desks; information providers will have to figure out how to make that a reality. ~ Information providers will have to figure out a way to educate their clients in the agency and the public. ~ Librarians should be involved in project teams from the beginning. ~ The role of librarians is evolving. They must become information access trainers, to help people take advantage of opportunities. For example, researchers and scientists assume they know all sources of information in the field, but information providers can educate them further. ~ As information technology evolves, librarians will need to know more, especially about advances in technology and its applications. * JULY 1992 9 INFOACCESS ------- The Changing Role of Librarians Sarah Kadec, Kadec Information Management Company Can you imagine that we used to have books that never talked to each other? - Marvin Minsk, from The Age of Intelligent Machines We as librarians tend to serve the special clientele in the organizations we serve, meeting their special needs with services and collections. As they become even more specialized, we will have to learn how to deal with their subsets of research and work with them. In some instances we will be their only link to the broader field, or to other subsets. The idea of joining EPA and NOAA in a meeting like this is very important - you are building bridges that you will need to have in place many years from now. This is going to help you individually, but it is going to help the agencies and the libraries even more. During times of increasing demands and decreasing budgets, libraries will have to form more partnerships for sharing resources. What can we do to get ready for the future? Here are a few things we can do to prepare ourselves and our libraries. Develop more cost effective, productive means of carrying out library and information center activities. That relates to the fact that libraries will not be storehouses any more. It means that we will have more access to online journals, CD-ROM collections, etc. that will be purchased in library sharing arrangements. We will have to do more joint sharing and joint buying of collections. We should be willing to pay money for copyright or the use of something. Users may have to pay for information from the library; many times users recognize the value of the information more than librarians. Help individual users build their own collections and their own databases. They will use the library even more once they have their own access. The more information they see the more they will want to use it. They will not be able to keep up with all the databases any more than they can keep up with the information in their own field. The librarian will be that conduit. «~ Make more use of electronic books; librarians will need to work with publishers to achieve this. The publishing of electronic books and journals is something that librarians need to concentrate on. Build more sharing arrangements with other libraries in the same or related fields. Share what you collect and make use of fax and computer downloading to move information quickly from one library to another. Remind yourselves that no library in the future is going to stand alone. •o- Work towards centralized cataloging and storage of little used materials. Build systems which permit searching of books, not just the book itself, but also report indexes, tables of contents, book indexes, and so forth. Online catalogs should have a lot more than what we call "physical collections" in them. •* Investigate new imaging systems to open up a whole new world of information. Look at each of the media and match up the information best suited to that media. Not all of the media will be good for all of the information. Investigate how we can effectively use the technology to store and deliver the information the users really want. -» Ownership of information as we know it today, in terms of our collections, is going to die. It will be replaced by what we find and what we can deliver. We have to think about this in terms of storage as well as the retrieval. There are a lot of alternative methods for storing large volumes of information. You can almost store the same amount of information in CD-ROM towers as in off-site storage facilities. Users could get access by simply dialing into the system. Conduct a survey of user needs. Many libraries have dropped user surveys because users resent being asking questions and because of the time that they take. Libraries should find other ways to do surveys, for example, with electronic mail or bulletin board systems. Once we know what information the users need, then we need to know how they use it. That will help us learn how to present it to them. Continued on page 11 INFOACCESS 10 JULY 1992 ------- Changing Role from page 10 -> Integrate more of the information activities in our organizations, if not organizationally, then through linked computer access to the information. Keep in mind that the users need information, they don't need types of materials. Until we recognize that, we will continue to make mistakes buying and storing and cataloging a lot of information that people do not want. They need informa- tion to the extent that they can get it through one entry point, and that might be a menu on their screen at their desk that gets them to a world of information. •» Librarians should be leaders in developing gateway systems to all the information sources within their own agency (i.e. dockets, hotlines, clearinghouses, public affairs offices, etc.), including access to records management systems. That is where a lot of information resides on the history and background of the organization. Librarians have a lot of expertise to offer to records managers, and this is a good time to start sharing it. Be creative, innovative, future-oriented, and expect and welcome change. These have always been characteristics of special librarians but they are more necessary today than ever before. We have to be sure that the people we hire have those qualities. As we move through all the restructuring that is going to take place, the librarians with these qualities will come out way ahead. New organizational structuring will probably be in more of a matrix formation, with highly skilled individuals that will become regular users of the libraries. •» Learn how to bring seemingly unrelated sources of information together; support the integration needs of decision makers for highly specialized information. Learn to be the true integrators of information and information resources in the agency. Be concerned about the quality of information that is being integrated. We must prevent "information toxicity," by differentiating between valuable and value-added information, and recognize what information is extraneous and excessive. We must work to reduce the information overload. •» Focus on specialization through targeted specialized products and services to the users; special collections (not necessarily physical); and specialized information summaries based on a synthesis of available information. •» Learn to support immediate crisis needs by participating in agency programs.We have to start working more closely with data processing staff in the agency on their development o1 data integration efforts. Librarians are the professionals who know the most about how to pull information together. ¦» Take over new initiatives, whether or not they seem to fit the library's traditional functions; forexample, public access. Position yourself to serve on project teams and committees and so forth. Use your subject specialities. Stay ahead of any of the programs the agency has in place. Start knocking the walls of the library down and go outside of the library structure; move the library service to the users. Serve as consultants and work with publishers on designing new publications. •» Train users to search online databases and help them determine those most useful to their needs. Help to establish vehicles for their use. •» Develop new techniques for moving information to the users. Move aggresively to leam and use new technologies. Join Internet and make your catalog available through the networks. Make access simple and easy to achieve. •» Work with your telecommunications staff to develop quick & easy access mechanisms to outside networks. Look at computer systems, database mapping systems, and so forth, and figure out how to get those in place. Consider asking the National Science Foundation for support to do some of these things. •» Spend more time carving out the library's niche in the information world. Develop ways to support people who work at home or at remote locations. People working at home are going to need 24-hour support from the library and information center. Distant access will become part of the future. ¦» Serve as the agency's central point for public access. This article contains excerpts from Ms. Kadec's remarks. Anyone interested in obtaining a full-text version of her presentation can contact Mary Hoffman (contractor), Network Coordinator, at (202) 260-7762; email: Hoffman.Mary. # JULY 1992 11 INFOACCESS ------- NOAA History of NOAA NOAA is a relatively young agency, formed in 1970 from the Coastal and Geodetic Survey, National Weather Bureau, Office of Sea Grants, and other offices. The constituent agencies and offices had their own libraries, their own way of doing things, their own classification schemes for their collections, and their own idiosyncracies. When the Union Catalog was created from the different collections, the idiosyncracies remained and persist in the catalog even today. The separate collections were maintained for several years. Several of the NOAA libraries in the DC area closed in the early 1980s and everything was combined in the NOAA Central Library. If you look in the catalog today you can still find some of the old records that have different codes. The NOAA Central Library is planning to move within the next year to a central location in Silver Spring. One of the results of that will be that there will be a consolidation of some of these different types of material. Automation at NOAA Central Library - Moving Towards NOAA LINC In the mid 1970s the Central Library started using OCLC to create MARC records; before that there was no automation. Today NOAA's catalog still contains numerous non- MARC records, and NOAA is increasing the rate of retroconversion. At some point everything will be in MARC format. In the early 1980s the Central Library developed an in-house system called NALIS on a Excerpts from a presentation by Stanley Elswick, Database Management Librarian, NOAA Central Library minicomputer in the library. It was a union catalog with holdings from 22 NOAA libraries. At its conception it was a pretty good product with a number of modules: cataloging, public access for information retrieval, and an authority file. But the system was never fully developed. Unfortunately as time went on the library spent a lot of money to maintain the system. So the library made a decision to convert to the Intelligent Catalog. When NALIS finally died in 1989, the library has already converted to the Intelligent Catalog. That's where it is today. The library added the EPA records last fall, and a dial-up version is available for anyone unable to access a NOAA library in person. Putting NOAA LINC together NOAA LINC is an interesting mix of data and technology. Today the catalog contains about 200,000 records, representing the holdings of 22 NOAA libraries and 28 EPA libraries. The way that the catalog was created is complicated. OCLC tapes containing new NOAA and EPA records are uploaded monthly. Some non-OCLC records are also being added to the database, for example, foreign meteorological records. There are non-OCLC records produced on Bibliofile Cataloging, a bibliographic product from The Library Corporation (TLC). There are also records being produced though MITINET, original cataloging software. A data hierarchy that has been pre- established by the union is imposed on all records. NOAA LINC Enhancements The Library Corporation (TLC) did a major rework in January to clean up the catalog and make it more efficient, and give the librarians a better result out in the field. Both EPA and NOAA did a face-lift on the displays. TLC is working with the NOAA Central Library in Rockville to produce a local MARC file which will be used to barcode their collection and set up a circulation system. The Intelligent Catalog is a very sophisticated system with numerous capabilities.Several new features will be available starting Fall 1992: ~NOAA LINC will be available in High Sierra format [compatible with Local Area Networks (LANs)] ~TLC can provide periodical indexes in the same format as TLC's Intelligent Catalog. ~TLC is testing a 3-disk system to accomodate large public access catalogs. ~TLC is in the process of reintroducing an acquisitions system. ~A circulation system that can be individualized and customized based on a library's needs is currently available from TLC. Systems with automated barcode capability are also available. TLC can provide CIRC LINC - a link between the circulation system and the public access catalog. TLC is interested in providing tools for information management. They will be putting a lot of emphasis on developing tools to help information managers. A survey will be conducted to collect feedback about NOAA and EPA expectations and needs relating to NOAA LINC. Stanley Elswick will be the NOAA contact: Jonda Byrd will be the EPA contact. $ NOTE: The Library Corporation maintains a Library Support Number: 800-624-0559. ft is available from 8 am to 8 pm [Eastern time] daily. INFOACCESS 12 JULY 1992 ------- The evaluation forms from the EPA/NOAA librarians' meeting were filled with positive comments. Most attendees found the sessions very informative, interesting and well organized, noting their delight at the chance to share common experiences, problems, and potential solutions with their colleagues. They specifically complimented organizers for the "great agenda," "excellent speakers," and "great hotel accomodations." Some noted that the EPA and NOAA participants did not mix very much at first, but there seemed to be more discussion across Agency lines as the meeting continued. Several individuals suggested that an organized cocktail party or dinner would have been a good way to break the ice and get people talking to one another. As it was, the meeting took a first step in the direction of establishing a dialogue between EPA and NOAA information providers, allowing them to begin sharing ideas and information. What part of the meeting was most Informative or beneficial? Most attendees rated the technology demonstrations and the informal networking with colleagues as the most beneficial and informative parts of the meeting. Several mentioned Patricia Klinck's talk about the Vermont Automated Library System, and Sarah Kadec's Evaluating the Meeting - What Did We Get Out of It? talk about the role of librarians in the future as the most thought- provoking. Several others mentioned how much they enjoyed the enthusiastic words of welcome from Dr. Bruce Parker [NOAA's Global Sea Level Program] and Brand Niemann [EPA's Center for Environmental Statistics]. What part(s) of the meeting could have been better? The thing mentioned most often was the wish that there had been more time allotted for the technology demonstrations. Evidently some attendees felt they were rushed through this session. Several persons said that the overhead and slide presentations were not effective for those sitting at the back of the room. A few felt that the group could have had a very effective brainstorming session immediately following Sarah Kadec's talk on the role of information professionals in the future. A few others commented that the panel on building partnerships with the client could have been better focused. What suggestions do you have for future meetings? The participants came up with a number of good suggestions for those who will be planning future meetings. They asked that organizers solicit pre-conference agenda suggestions next time. In regard to the meeting packet, they asked that a few things be added: biographical information on the speakers, a list of articles or books or projects to which meeting speakers contributed, and an annotated list of attendees for better networking. In addition, they asked that organizers plan more discussion sessions. Another suggestion was that organizers plan for longer lunches, to allow time for networking, or for a brown bag lunch with a speaker. The meeting was a success on several levels. Some connections were made between the information professionals of the two agencies, others that existed before the meeting were strengthened. As early as the next week, librarians from one agency contacted librarians from the other to followup on informal discussions that occurred during the meeting. Organizers also learned lessons about the things that worked, and those that did not; these lessons will be applied during the planning of the next meeting. & Librarians as Leaders from page 4 budget cuts a little bit at a time. In doing all of these things, in pushing the information capabilities to your managers, in designing facilities, in designing budgets, in selling and making presentations, you are going to be working against the image of what people think a librarian is and should be. And why you think it is your job to do this. We have started to think at EPA about what our future is in the library business. We have 28 libraries across the country, a large Headquarters facility, and we have recognized, in the last couple of years that we need to start working on a comprehensive vision of what that information service needs to be. I believe that you all need to be in the forefront of figuring out what that vision is. You have the knowledge and the vision. It is your future and your Agency's future, and we need to work on it together. We are looking forward to this new partner- ship with NOAA and working with all of you to plan your future and ours together. $ JULY 1992 13 INFOACCESS ------- Coming Soon.... ACCESS EPA -1992 Edition ACCESS EPA is a directory of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and other public sector environmental information resources. First published in 1991, this is the second, revised edition of the directory. ACCESS EPA is a pathfinder to many major information resources, such as clearinghouses, hotlines, records, databases, models, and documents. By providing an overview of over 300 information resources, ACCESS EPA leads to additional environmental information available through the contacts listed. Contact information and a description of services is given for every resource. Each chapter begins with a brief introduction and table of contents. In some instances supplementary material is provided at the end of the chapter. With the exception of Chapter 7, "State Environmental Libraries," each of the chapters describes EPA information. Included in this publication is a list of acronyms that apper throughout ACCESS EPA, A State information index, and a name/title/subject index. There is information for everyone interested in the environment: citizens, consumers, householders; scientists; federal state, local, and tribal governments; business people; students and researchers. What's New In the 1992 Edition? There are over 60 new entries in the 1992 edition of ACCESS EPA. The new "EPA Scientific Models" chapter will be of special interest to the scientific and research community. Also new are a list of Regional contacts, a list of Headquarters Records Management Program contacts, 10 new clearinghouses, and 11 new entries in the documents/referral section called "Public Information Tools." Around th The remaining 240 entries were updated with revised phone numbers and contact information. The 1992 edition has added over 80 new acronyms, and four additional pages of indexing terms. The revised edition of ACCESS EPA will be available in early September. ACCESS EPA (EPA 220/B/92/014) may be ordered from the National Technical Information Service (PB92-147438) and the Government Printing Office. Once again ACCESS EPA will be available to the public through the EPA Library Network and the Federal Depository Library System. If you would like additional information contact Ann Dugan (contractor) at (202) 260- 2049. * Ann Dugan (contractor), Public Access Librarian. RCRA Information Center Open House Over 100 persons visited the Open House sponsored by the RCRA Information Center (RIC) on June 10,1992. Visitors, including Don Clay, Assistant Administrator, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response (OSWER), were welcomed to the Open House by Jeff Denit, Deputy Director of the Office of Solid Waste. They were then treated to demonstrations of the RCRA Docket System (RCRADS), the Cleanup Information Bulletin Board (CLU-IN), EPA/NOAA LINC (Library Information Network Catalog), and the EPA Publications and Information Center (EPIC) PIC A limited number of the following new publications are available at the Public Information Center (PIC) this month. If you are interested in obtaining copies of any of these titles, call the Public Information Center at (202) 260-7751. +Air Quality Atlas. Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, May 1992. EPA 400-K-92-002. ~ Building a Shared Vision for Environmental Education. A Conference sponsored by the Fee* Task Force on Environmental Education. Office of Communications, Education, and Public Affairs (OCEPA), April 1992. EPA 171-R-92-021. ~ Citizen's Guide to Understanding Innovative Treatment Technologies. Technology Innovation Office, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response, March 1992. EPA 542-F-92-011. ~ Citizen's Guide for Environment Issues: A Handbook for Cultivating Dialogue. U.S. EPA and National Institute for Chemical Studies, September 1990. ~ Cooling Our Communities: A Guidebook on Tree Planting and Light-Colored Surfacing, [brochure and order form] Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation (OPPE), January 1992. EPA 230-F-92-001. INFOACCESS 14 JULY 1992 ------- \ library Network / List ~ Endangered Species Update. Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Winter 1992. EPA 21T-3049. ~ Enforcement Accomplishments Report: FY 1991. Office of Enforcement, April 1992. EPA 300-R-92-008. ~ Getting at the Source: Strategies for Reducing Municipal Solid Waste. E^Btive Summary. U.S. EPA, Vfl^WWildlife Fund, and The Conservation Foundation, 1991. ~<4 Guide to Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government. Center for Environmental Statistics, OPPE, April 1992. EPA 230-R-92-003. ~ Ready to Respond: EPA's Radiological Emergency Preparedness and Response Program. Office of Air and Radiation (OAR), February 1992. EPA 520-1-91-027. ~ Reducing Radon Risks. OAR, October 1991. EPA 520-1-89-027. ~ Securing Our Legacy: An EPA Progress Report 1989-1991. OCEPA, April 1992. EPA 175-R-92-001. $ online ordering system. RIC staff distributed packets of information, provided demonstrations of systems and databases, and conducted tours of the non-public area of the facility. "RIC - a storehouse of information" Representatives from four OSWER-sponsored hotlines joined RIC staff in presenting information at the open house: the RCRA/ Superfund Hotline, the Methods Information Communication Exchange (MICE), the Solid Waste Information Clearinghouse (SWICH), and the Recycled Products Information Clearinghouse (RPIC). Join us in congratulating Kathy Bruneske (contractor), RIC Program Director, and her staff, for a very successful open house! Promoting the Network at Summer Conferences The Information Access Branch is maintaining a high profile this summer while participating in a number of conferences. They are promoting greater public access to environmental information through information tools developed by the Information Management and Services Division. During the week of May 18, Jonda Byrd participated at the First National Tribal Conference on Environmental Management held in Cherokee, NQ,.SJie coordinated an information access exhibit that displayed several EPA'information tools and products, including ACCESS EPA, Public Access to the Online Library System (OLS), and the Information Systems Inventory. Several conference speakers commented on the booth during their sessions, suggesting that participants visit the booth to pick up a copy of ACCESS EPA, over 300 copies were distributed to participating tribal representatives. Next Brigid Rapp, Suzanne Annand, and Jonda conducted a workshop on access to EPA information for 55 University of Michigan librarians, faculty and researchers at the University campus in Ann Arbor, Michigan during the first week in June. Several Michigan public librarians, who are participating in the statewide M-Link program, also attended the workshop. In the week following the Michigan meeting, Jonda travelled to the Special Libraries Association (SLA) Conference in San Francisco to coordinate an exhibit featuring ACCESS EPA and the Online Library System (OLS). Approximately 900 attendees visited the booth, many of them commenting on how pleased they were that EPA was there and that they appreciated EPA's recent efforts in making environmental information more accessible. Special librarians also had the opportunity to participate in OLS demonstrations offered at an Open House sponsored by the EPA Region 9 library during the week of the conference.# Jonda Byrd, IMSD JULY 1992 15 INFOACCESS ------- US EPA . , ^ ffhWjca' Ubra^ F CDA Wktoct Rifio Room 3340 Access to Agency 1301 Constitution Ave NW Publications Washington DC 20004Summary of a presentation by Jonda Byrd, 202-566-0556 EPA Library Network Program Manager NOAA Publications Marine Fisheries Publications Call Nancy Peacock at (206) 526-6107 at the National Marine Fisheries Scientific Office for assistance in obtaining publications such as the Fisheries Bulletin, Marine Fisheries Review, and Marine Fisheries Technology. The publications are also available from the Superintendent of Documents at the Government Printing Office (GPO) and the National Technical Information Sen/ice (NTIS). Weather Publications These would include titles such as Weather Sen/ice Technical Reports, Technical Memorandum. Betty Petersen at the National Meteorological Center can help you with your search for this type of publication; her number is (301) 763-8266. These documents are available through NTIS. National Environmental Satellite Data Information Service (NESDIS) Publications Nancy Emerson is a good source of information about NESDIS publications; her phone number is (301) 763- 8204. NESDIS produces technical publications such as NOAA Technical Reports, Reprints and Memoranda. These are also available from NTIS. National Ocean Service Aeronautical charting publications are produced by NOAA's National Ocean Service. You can contact Nelson Garber at (301) 443-8761 for information about that type of publication. General NOAA Publications Contact Jerry Stafe for assistance in identifying NOAA publications for the general public at (202) 377-8090. NOAA is very good about submitting this type of publication to NTIS for distribution. FPA Publications There are a number of sources for EPA publications. One of these is ACCESS EPA. The first section of the book, "Public Information Tools," tells you how to get various types of information from EPA, and includes contacts and phone numbers. This source is updated annually; it contains the most up-to-date information on contacts. The "Public Information Tools" section lists several sources for EPA publications, including: Center for Environmental Research Information (CERI) 26 W. Martin Luther King Boulevard, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268 (513)569-7562 CERI produces several Office of Research and Development (ORD) publications. ORD's Technical Transfer publication includes a form by which you can request copies of publications or be added to the mailing list. The ORD Locator is a reference tool which lists the research going on in the agency, and the researchers. Public Information Center (PIC) 401 M Street, SW, PM-211B, Washington, DC 20460 (202)260-2080 Pt^ distributes non-technical, consumer-oriented information to the public. They distribute a variety of publications for EPA program offices. National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Springfield, VA 22161 (703) 487-4650 Not all EPA publications are available from NTIS, but a good number of the scientific and technical publications are sent there for distribution to the public. There is a new initiative at EPA that should help us identify EPA publications in the future; the EPA Publications and Information Center (EPIC). They distribute publications for various EPA program offices. They are working with each AAship within the agency to obtain their documents so they can distribute them. Their goal is to become the main point of contact for the EPA program office publications. EPIC'S phone number is (513) 569-7980. Clean Lakes publications are available Irom the Terrene Institute, 1000 Connecticut Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20036. Contact Steve Livengood at (202) 833-8317. The EPA Regional Libraries distribute publications produced by EPA Regional Offices. Solid Waste Information and publications are available from the RCRA Docket Information Center at the EPA Headquarters building, 401 M Street, SW, Washington, DC 20460. Call the docket at (202) 260-9327. There are many more sources of publications at NOAA and EPA, and one way to discover them is through information networking. # INFOACCESS JULY 1992 ------- |