Priority Wetland Listing
for
New England
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Region I
October 1986
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PRIORITY WETLAND LISTING FOR NEW ENGLAND
U.S. EWIRONENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
REGION I
OCTOBER 1936
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CONTENTS
I. Introduction p. i
II. State- by- State Listing p. 1
A. Connecticut p. 1
B. Maine p. 37
C. Massachusetts p. 56
D. New Hampshire p. 77
E. Rhode Island p. 91
F. Venront p. 107
III. Appendix I: Copy of Regional Information Request Letter p. A-l
Appendix II: Cbpies of Responses to Regional Letter p. A-9
IV.
Index
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I. Introduction
The Environmental Protection Agency has begun a national effort to identify priority
wetlands and waterbodies across the country. EPA will use its regulatory author-
ities to protect these areas more vigorously and consistently. This list, compiled
by Region I ot EPA, identifies wetlands and other aquatic resources that we consider
to be high quality or which are vulnerable to environmental degradation.
New England's wetlands are an irreplacable natural resource. Comprising but a
small portion at the total land area they are essential to the survival ot our fish
and wildlife populations, and are increasingly being recognized as important in
maintaining water quality through the uptake or control of sediments, nutrients and
pollutants. Wetlands often act as natural flood storage areas and, along the coast,
provide a buffer against storm damage and erosion. Biologically, wetlands are among
the most productive and diverse ecosystems on earth. Two-thirds of the commercial
fish species harvested on the Atlantic coast depend on coastal estuaries and wetlands
for food and spawning grounds; many freshwater fish depend on inland lakes and
wetlands. Wetlands also provide habitat and food for furbearers such as muskrat,
otter, mink, racoon and beaver.
Despite their value and relative scarcity, our wetlands continue to be destroyed
at an alarming rate and wetland protection continues to be controversial. The U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service estimates that we lose ever 300,000 acres of wetlands per
year throughout the nation. While New England's wetlands continue to shrink, they
are not disappearing as rapidly as those in other regions for several reasons: our
states have strong laws protecting wetlands, New England has fewer wetlands left to
sacrifice, and our population often is more environmentally aware than elsewhere.
Nevertheless, each year proposals surface to fill wetlands for highways, shopping
malls and agriculture. Historical losses occurred mainly in coastal wetlands but
now much more development pressure is felt in freshwater areas. While considerable
attention through the years has been focused on chemical water pollution arid water
quality standards, this is only one aspect of the nr>re general problem of wetlands
protection. Undoubtedly, the most critical problem associated with wetlands deteri-
oration is loss of habitat. Direct habitat loss usually results from dredging and
tilling operations, indirect loss may occur trcm changes in the wetland hydrology
or isolation ot an area from the full ecosystem.
Perhaps the very nature ot wetlands engenders much of the controversy about their
protection. Transitioned, between water and land, they exhibit both "wet" and "dry"
characteristics. Scientists note their connection to the regional surface and
groundwater systems and their importance to fish and wildlife; both the benefits of
wetlands and the impacts associated with their destruction extend beyond their bor-
ders. Developers, however, point to the "dry" characteristics of wetlands when
attempting to "improve" their land and exercise their property rights. This inherent
clash between resource conservation and development pressures has produced a colorful
legislative and judicial history and an intensity of feeling unusual even anong envi-
ronmental programs.
The 404 permit program, enacted as part of the 1972 Federal Water Pollution Control
Act and amended during reauthorization of the Clean Water Act of 1977, regulates
the discharge of dredged or fill material into waters of the United States. Perhaps
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originally conceived as a subset of the larger 402 NPDES permit program, 404 evolved
tram an emphasis on water quality issues into the primary federal program protecting
wetlands. The increasing role ot 404 in wetlands protection in the late 1970's and
early lyBU's was mandated by several important court decisions and by our rapidly
expanding knowledge about wetland values and losses. Most types of development or
construction in the nation's waters involve some discharge of material and thus
require a 404 permit. Marinas, highways, residential and industrial development
dams, bulkheads, and stream relocation typically fall under the purview of the
program. "Waters of the United States" reaches to the extent permissible under the
Commerce Clause of the U.S. Constitution and includes rivers, lakes, streams, ponds
and wetlands (swamps, marshes, sloughs, bogs, fens, etc.). Section 404 is not a
comprehensive wetlands protection law, however, as excavation and drainage—major
causes of wetland loss—are not regulated under the program; §404, like the rest of
the Clean Water Act, is concerned only with the discharge of pollutants, specifically
dredged or fill material.
EPA and the Corps share program responsibilities under Section 404. The Corps
administers the program on a day-to-day basis and retains final authority to issue,
deny or modify permits. EPA writes and interprets the 404(b)(1) Guidelines, the
regulations which the Corps must apply in their evaluation of permit applications
EPA and the Cbrps have parallel authority to enforce against unauthorized discharges
and violations of permit conditions.
EPA has several other authorities with which to provide additional protection to
priority resources identified in this document. Under §404(c) ot the Clean Water
Act, EPA may prohibit or restrict dredge or fill discharges into waters of the
United States, includiny wetlands. Although comDnly thought of as our "veto"
authority over Corps permits, 404(c) can be used to designate areas in advance of
any discharge. tPA can also initiate a planning process called "Advanced Identifi-
cation ot sites" (AIS), described in section 230.80 of the EPA 404(b)(1) Guidelines.
AIS allows UPA and the Corps, in cooperation with state and local authorities, to
identity sites as being unsuitable (or suitable) tor the discharge of dredged or
till material. Again, this mechanism can be used prior to the receipt of permit
applications by the Corps of Engineers. Unlike 404(c), an AIS designation does not
prohibit or restrict work in a given area, but provides an advance indication of
whether a permit application is likely to be approved or denied. Hence, AIS does not
involve any formal regulatory action; its chief value is for internal program manage-
ment and public education. Both authorities can protect valuable resources while
reducing the controversy that now often surrounds major 404 permit applications,
since developers should be aware of these designations before committing resources
to a project. We normally expect to select potential AIS and 404(c) sites from our
priority list although a site need not appear here in order to receive protection
under 404(c) or AIS.
The New England List
This list was first developed in 1985 and updated in 1986. At both times Region I,
EPA sent letters to federal, state, and local agencies as well as private groups
known to be known to be involved with wetland protection in New England. Appendices
I and II contain respectively a copy of the regional form letter and copies of the
responses received. Not surprisingly, the level of detail and the organization of
the replies varied among the respondents. Ihis reflected the different perceptions
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people have about what constitute a "priority" wetland and the many ways in which a
priority list could be organized. Some respondents felt that our 1985 list was
either too broad, including areas that were not both valuable and vulnerable or too
narrow, omitting seme important sites.
The environmental value and degree of vulnerability of the wetland resources were
the criteria used to develop the list. Any area which we know to be both important
envirortnentally and threatened in some way were automatically included on the list.
However, such cases are relatively rare. More frequently, we know of areas that bear
watching because they are envirormentally important or areas which are potentially
threatened but not necessarily of high value. For instance, we have listed Hartford
County in Connecticut based on our experience that a number of envirormentally dam-
aging projects have been (or will be) proposed there. Of course, not all wetlands
in the County are of high value or threatened, but to discriminate further is too
time-consuming at this point.
This list, then, is not a priority ranking of sites distilled from a comprehensive
inventory of all of New England's wetlands. To construct such a catalogue would
indeed be an enormous, perhaps impossible, task requiring expertise and manpower
far beyond the level of Region I EPA. Rather, this list identifies known or sus-
pected "troublespots" in New England. No doubt there are areas not appearing on
the list which ought to; we simply cannot know everything happening in the region
at any one time, much less accurately predict future trends. In general, value is
easier to establish than vulnerability. Clearly, these areas that are both valuable
and vulnerable deserve immediate attention. We believe it is prudent in some cases
to include areas based on their known environmental values since threats may manifest
themselves in the future. We have not, however, included areas which we already
know are afforded adequate protection such as wildlife refuges or state parks, even
though they often contain wetlands of exceptional value.
We found it difficult to develop a rigid format which could both adequately present
our own conceptions of what constituted priority areas and yet remain manageable.
To balance the competing needs for flexibility and an ordered approach, we adopted
a two-tiered approach for the list: a general category for generic items of concern
and broadly defined geographical regions; and a specific category for entire or partial
river or lake systems, or particular wetlands of concern. For instance, we listed
wetlands which overlie EPA designated sole-source aquifers in the general category.
Listing by a county or town basis is another example of a general item. Areas
appearing under the specific wetland category should be self explanatory. M^>s of
the listed areas are provided where appropriate, items are presented, in alpha-
betical order by category, on a state-by-state basis. Note that while this document
has for the sake of convenience been called a "wetland" priority list, it may include
any aquatic areas of concern (e.g., mudflats, lakes, streams, etc.) and is not
restricted to vegetated wetlands. For ease of locating any particular item, an
index is provided in Section III.
That an area does not appear on the list in no way implies that it should receive
less than full protection under the section 404 regulatory program. Similarly,
listed areas are not guaranteed to receive further EPA attention. However, con-
sidering that special protection beyond existing regulatory programs cannot be
given to all wetlands, it is logical to identity candidate areas on which we can
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focus our efforts. A listing of such areas may help to prevent the unfortunate
situation where a developer commits resources to a project unaware that the area
in question may be considered valuable by EPA. Our goal is to protect valuable
resources while reducing the controversy that often surrounds major 404 permit
decisions. In addition, we will attempt to utilize our 404 authorities in a manner
whicti accomplishes several environmental goals at once. We believe there is con-
siderable potential, for instance, to use the AIS anj 404(c) authorities to preserve
wetlands that naturally protect drinking water supplies and provide waterfcwl habi-
tat at the same time. In addition to using the list for predesignation work, it
would be logical to focus our enforcement efforts on these areas of high concern.
The list itself will be subject to modification through time. Areas will be added
as appropriate and same of the broader listinys may be refined or narrowed to nore
specific areas of concern. Other areas may be dropped entirely if they are afforded
sufficient protection under EPA's authority or by some other mechanism. We antic-
ipate next updating the list in 1988.
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STATE- BY- STATE LISTING
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CONNECTICUT
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GENERAL LISTING
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H
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Sail Meadow NWR
CONNECTICUT
Scnlo Aflprox. 1:731,077
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Priority Vfotrrboly/Wetland Listing
Name:
Coastal Marshes ident; if icd lx; 1-VJS in the Concept Plan for Preservat ion of PI nek fXick
Geographic Limits;
Ouinnipiac Meadows (BOO acres)
Norwalk Islands (300 acres)
Lordship Area (220 acres)
Resource Values:
Ouinnipiac Meadows- wintering black ducks
Norwalk Islands- wintering black ducks, diving ducks, wading bird nesting on uplarris
Lordship Area- least tern nesting, wintering black ducks
Kncwn/Potential Ouinnipiac Meadows- possibly threatened
Threats to Resource: Norwalk Islands- possibly threatened
Lordship Area- possibly threatened
Oomnents:
FWS (realty) uses three categories of threat: highly threatened
possibly threatened
mostly protected
These areas are by no means a FWS priority list of wetlands for New England, but rather coastal
wetlands important to wintering black ducks, a FWS National Species of Special Flrphasis.
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Priority Vteterbody/Vtetland Listing
Name: Inland waterbodies and wetlands
Geographic Limits: Hartford County; Northern Middlesex County
Resource Values; Warmwater fisheries; waterfowl flyway; water quality maintenance; aesthetics; flood storage.
Known/Potential Many proposed highway construction and stream channelization projects; serious cumulative
Threats to Resource: impacts.
Ccmnents: This area is a likely canlidate for AIS or 404(c) designation.
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Priority Watortxxly/Vtetland Listing
Name: Special Aquatic Sites in Coanhal Middlesex County
Geographic Limits: Tbwns or Branfond, Guilford, Clinton, anti Wosthrook
Resource Values: These towns are situated in meandering river systems with adjacent w?tlands. Hie estuarlne
habitats are healthy and the existing water quality is good. Important for fish and wildlife
concerns, storm protection, and recreation.
Known/Potential Most of the available shoreline without tidal wetlands has been utilized. Therefore, further
Threats to Resource: development pressure may affect wetland areas.
Comments:
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Priority Waterbaly/Wetland Listing
Name; Special Aquatic Sites within the Immediate Watersheds of Surface Drinking Water Impoundments
Geographic Limits; Variable. Approximately 800 such impoundments (539 community supplies; 341 non-community
supplies) exist in New England.
Resource Values: Wfetlanrls in thes? areas will often he important in maintenance of water quality. Likewise,
work in these wetlands has the potential to seriously impact water supplies.
Known/Potential Difficult to predict. Threats to these wetlands are uncommon, hut are potentially serious.
Threats to Resource; Highway projects, as well as industrial and conmercial development seem to he most common.
Comments: Work in these areas should automatically trigger careful RPA review and full coordination with
the Water Supply Branch. Special G:>nditions will likely apply to any permitted projects.
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Priority Waterbody/Vetland Listing
Name: Wetlands identified as imjrjrtant on st ate breedincj and bird censuses
Ceographic Limits: Variable.
Resource Values: These wetlands have been identified as important for brooding birds.
Known/Potential Variable and site-specific; Any 404 regulated vwrk in these areas would require close scrutiny.
Threats to Resource:
Corments: These censuses are in various stages of publication. Further information about particular
species is available from the Pish and Wildlife Service.
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Priority Watorboly/Wot la rtl Listing
Name: Watlands Overlying Areas with Groundwater Classification GAA (Potable Groundvcitfer Supplies)
Geographic Limits; Shown on Conncticut's Water Quality Classification Mapping
Resource Values; Maintenance of water quality in groundwater rechanje or disdiarfjo.
Known/Potentia 1 Land um; iiave potential to affect tlie potable w.Aer quality,
llireats to Resource:
Conwents:
Water Duality Clar.si li cat ion Maps are available to the public on a county basis at 1:50,000
scale in in Lite Connecticut l^pirt hkmiI of lOnvi ro»*iiontal Protection's Puhl i cat ion Sale.s.
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SPECIFIC LISTING
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Priori ty Watorba 1 y/WetInrri Listing
Name: Ash Crook
Geographic Limits: Ttown of Fairfield
Resource Values: Shiall, but nevertheless significant, island of unditched high marsh located at the
mouth of Ash Creek esturary.
Known/Potent iaI Unknown.
Threats to Resource:
Cannents: Identified by the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection as a high quality
tidal wetland.
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Priority Waterbody/Vtetlanri Listing
Name: Bauer Rsnd and vicinity
Geographic Limits: Tbwn c£ Salisbury
Resource Values: Diverse calcareous wetland.
Known/Potential Vfaber quality deterioration.
Threats to Resource:
Ccnrnents: This area is partially owned by The Nature Conservancy.
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Priority Watnrbaiy/Wetlarri Listing
Name: Benton Hill Fen
Geographic Limits; Ttawn of Sharon
Resource Values: Diverse calcareous wetland and fen.
Known/Potential Ibtential for water quality deterioration.
Threats to Resource:
Ccuroents: This area is partially owned by The Nature Consorvancy.
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Priority Wntorboly/Wetland Listing
Nnmo: Bra»lford Mountain Swomp
Geographic Limits; Litchfield Gounty, east: of Bradford Mountain
Resource Values: High altitude swamp dominated by small hardwsods and shrubs with heavy sphagnum ground cover;
breeding record for Great Blue Heron.
Known/Potential Various development proposals have surfaced over the years.
Threats to Resource:
Comments; Northern portion of the swamp is owned by the state of Connecticut.
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Priority Watnrbcrly/Vtetlanrii Listing
Name:
Bride Brook Estuary
Geographic Liwits: Ttown of East Lyme
Values: Extensive and unusual tidal wetland ecosystem; rare birds,
Kncwn/Ebtential Unknown.
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to Resource:
Identified by the Connecticut Department of Envirormental Protection as a high quality
tidal wetland.
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Priority Wnt orbaly/Wot Innrl T.int:iiy]
Nome: Coginchaug River
Geographic Limits: "Ibwns of Middlofield an! Middletnwn
Resource Values; High value wetlands for wildlife.
Known/Potentia1 Susceptible tD residential and industrial develqpment; illegal discharges of waste material.
Threats to Resource:
Comnents:
-12-
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FIGUF.E III • 1. RIVERS INCLUDED IN THE PROPOSED ACTION.
- 19 -
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Priority Waterbody/Wetland Listing
Name:
Connecticut River
Geographic Limits:
The river prqser aril special aquatic sites within the floortplain
Resource Values:
New England's largest river; warm and cold water fisheries; flood storage; anadromous fish;
shellfish in the lower reaches; recreation. Major role in FWS Atlantic .Salmon restoration
plan. Largest population of shad in the northeast. Habitat for several species of federally
proposed threatened invertebrates and one enbenic vetch. Also numerous plants, animals, and
natural communities of state and regional significance; tidal vretlands- an assemblage of poly-
haline, mesohaline, oligohaline and fresh tidal wetlands.
Known/Potential
Threats to Resource:
Highly variable, ranging from agriculture activity to road and bridge projects to commercial
developments. Waters-dependent activities such as marinas and hydrcpower also generate
environmental concerns. Proposed diversion of water from the river for use in the Boston
area.
Comnents:
-13-
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Priority Witerbody/Wetlarrl Listing
Name: East Rivr
Geoqraphic Limits; Tbwn of Madison
Resource Values: Extensive, mostly polyhaline tidal wetlands dominated by high marsh vegetation.
Known/Fbtentia1 Unknown.
Threats to Resource:
Ctomnents: Identified hy the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection as a high quality
tidal wetland.
-14-
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Priority Vtot«-;rt>a1y/Vlctlfm1 Listing
Name: Farmi] 1 River
Geographic Limits; Tbwn of Stratforri
Resource Values: Oligohaline tidal wetlarri? this is the only such example on the Housatonic River;
rare plants.
Known/Potent ia1 Unknown.
Threats to Resource:
Garments: Identifier! by the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection as a high qunl
tidal watland.
-15-
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Priority Vtaterbody/Wetland Listiirj
Name: Famiincjton Riv»>r
Geographic Limits; Tbwn of. Windsor
Resource Values: Good quality, diverse floodplain forest and alluvial marsh.
Known/Potentia1 Agricultural expansion; roads; landfills.
Threats to Resource:
Gomnents:
-16-
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Priorihy Watc'rbcriyAtetl.Trrl Listing
Name: Great Meadows
Gc?ographic Limits: Tbwn of Stratfonl
Resource Values: Largest expanse of coastal wetlarrls in Connecticut; habitat for shorebirds and other wild life;
habitat for several Connecticut Species of Special Gonoern.
Known/Potential Encroachment fran piecemeal development for industrial use; major historical loss and
Threats to Resourcet cumulative impact.
Gonments:
Che major wetlani fill (Stratfotd Land ard Improvement Company) has already been permitted;
another (Francis D'addario) pending.
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Priority Vtoterbaly/Wotlnnd Listing
Nan*1: Hammond r,ett Mo mhos
Geographic Limits: Tbwns of Clinton arid Madison
Resource Values: Extensive polyhaline marsh dominated by high marsh vegetation; rare birds; area designated
as a state natural area.
Known/Potent ial Unknown.
Threats to Resource:
Cements: Identified by the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection as a high quality
tidal wetland.
-18-
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Priority Watorbody/Wo11 n rrl Listing
Name: Housatonic River
Geographic Limits: Lower Housatonic River in Stratford, including adjacent wetlands
Resource Values: Anadromous fish; shellfish; manmalian wildlife.
Known/Potentia1 Ongoing in-river sand and gravel mining operations.
Threats to Resource:
Comments: These mining operations not only change the substrate but may alter the hydrology of the
overall system with adverse impacts on the biota.
-19-
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Priority Waterboly/Wetland Listing
Name: Little Nariracjansett Bay
Geographic Limits; "Ibwn of Stonington
Resource Values; Extremely productive bay Cor shellfish ar».1 finfish; extensive eelgrass beds; high
water quality.
Known/Potentia1 Unknown.
Threats to Resource:
Caiments: Identifier! by the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection as a high cjunlity
tidal wetland.
-20-
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Priority Watorbody/Wetland Listing
Name: Mat.tabesset Rivor
Geographic Limits; Ibwns of Middletown and Cromwell
Resource Values: High value watlands for wildlife.
Known/Potentia1 Susceptible to industrial development; landfill.
Threats to Resource:
Cbnments:
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Priority Watorbody/Wetland Listing
Name: Menunkeb^suck River
Geographic Limits; "towns of Westbrook and Clinton
Resource Values: Oligo- to polyhaline tidal wetlands; rare plants.
Known/Potential Uhkncwn.
Threats to Resource:
Cannents: Identified by the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection as a high quality
tidal wetland.
-22-
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Priority Watod>aly/Wetlanri Listing
Nome: Mianus River
Geographic Limits: Tidal marshes, intertidal flats arid shallows on the west side of" tlv=» river, south of 1-95
and the east side north of 1-95,
Resource Values: Feeding and nursery habitat for shorebirds; anadrannus fish passage for sea-run brown trout and
smelt; potential for local water quality renovation; open space and aesthetic values.
Known/Potentia 1 Rast development has resulted in major cumulative impacts, but small pockets of healthy marsh
Threats to Resource: remain. There will likely be pressure to fill what little remains.
Cbninents:
-23-
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Priority Watorbor]y/Wotlarrl Listing
Name: Moore Rrook a rrl vicinity
Geographic Limits: Tbwn oE Salisbury
Resource Values: Diverse calcareous wstland.
Known/Potential Rjtential for water quality deterioration.
Threats to Resource:
Comments: This area is partially owned by The Nature Conservancy.
-24-
-------
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Priority Watorb(xly/Vfc11a n 1 T A sting
Name: Mystic River
Geographic Limits; Tbwns of Groton and Stoning ton
Resource Values; Anadramous fish; waterfowl habitat; shellfish; winter flounder; recreational use;
water quality.
Known/Potential Industrial and commercial development; high demand for residential development.
Threats to Resource:
Corments: This area is zoned for lew density residential but there is potential for high density housing
due to a nearby naval base.
-25-
-------
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Priority Walerbody/Wetland Listing
Nome:
New Haven Harbor
Geographic Limits: Tidal mud flats in New Haven and West Haven
Resource Values:
Resting area for shorebirds and waterfowl; wintering black duck and scaup; fisheries;
maintenance of water quality; shellfish industry; recreation; aesthetics.
Known/Potential
Threats to Resource:
Unknown, liowever, any activities that might affect water quality or sedimentation could
impact the invertebrate life forms of the mud flats.
Comments:
-26-
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Priority Wab^rbaly/Wetlarrl Listing
Name: Oyster/Pick Rivers
Geographic Limits; Tbwn of Old Snybrook
Resource Values: Extensive polyhaline tidal wetland rkminatcsi !y high marsh vegetation.
Known/Potential Unknown.
Threats to Resource:
Ccnments: Identified by the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection as a high quality
tidal wetland•
-27-
-------
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Priority Rit.orbody/Wotlnril Li st itvj
Nome: Pataguarr-.et.t River Kstuary
Geographic Limits: Tbwn of East Lyme
Resource Values; Very high quality tidal wetland system with limited disturbance; research; rare plants
and animals.
Known/Potent ia 1 Unknown.
Threats to Resource:
Comments: Identifier) by tilie Connecticut Deportment of Rnvironnentnl Protection as a high quality
tidal wetland.
-2R-
-------
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Priority Wahorbaly/Wetlnnrl Listing
Name: Pine Crock
Geographic Limits: lower Pine Creek in Town of Fairfield
Resource Values: Important estuarine and saltrnarsh habitat for fish, shellfish and birds; storm flood
protection.
Known/Potentia 1 Rsssible development of a marina and gplf course hy the Tbwn of Fairfield.
Threats to Resource:
Crmnents:
-29-
-------
DEPARjMENi OF i HE INiilRIOR
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
t 2*4*2 3D* c t rc l- s
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Priority fofaterbodyAfotland Listing
Nome: R}bbi ns Swani|»
Geographic Limits: Litchfield County, about 2 miles south of Canaan
Resource Values: Hie most extensive northern vdiite cedar swamp in the state; many Connecticut Species of
Special Concern, as well as one species on the federal endangered and threatened plant list.
Known/Potentia 1 This area has already been cut over and may suffer from further disturbance.
Threats to Resource:
Comments:
-30-
-------
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Priority Waterbaly/Wetl.irvl Listing
Name: Rjcky Hill/GlastonburyA^tliersf injrl Meadows
Geographic Limits: Glastonbury
Resource Values: Diverse floodplain forest and alluvial marsh.
Known/Potential Agricultural expansion.
Threats to Resource:
Comnents: This area was recomne riled by the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection as a
priority area.
-31-
-------
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isaoo ftn
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Priority Waterboly/Wetland Listing
Name: Sauyatuck Rivc?r
Geographic Limits; Lower Saugutuck River in Town of Westjmrt
Resource Values: Diverse, healthy estuarine habitat; fish and wildlife value; shellfish; aesthetics; storm/flood
protection.
Known/Potentia 1 Existing and prcposed coninercial and residential development.
Threats to Resource:
Coimients:
-32-
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Priority Watnrbotly/Wotl..1 r«1 T Astir*]
Name: Squabble Brook and vicinity
Geographic Limits: Tbwn of North Canaan
Resource Values: Diverse calcareous seepage swamp.
Known/Potentia1 Agricultural expansion; draining.
Threats to Resource:
Comments:
This laril is partially owned liy The Nature Con.setvancy.
-------
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Priority WLiterbody/Vfetland T.isti
Name: Still Rivor
Geographic Limits; Ttwns of Danhury, New Milforr] and RrookField
Resource Values? High value wetland for wildlife and waterfowl.
Known/Potentia 1 Residential and industrial envelopment.
Threats to Resource:
Comments:
-34-
-------
» f,
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Priority Wo to trba ty/Wo t:1 r»1 Listirrj
Namo: Slicker Brook ar* 1 related wetlands
Geographic Limits: Tbwn of Salisbury
Resource Values: Diverse calcareous wetland arri fen; one of the best sites in the state.
Known/Potential Unknown.
Threats to Resource:
Comments:
-35-
-------
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Priority Vfaterbody/Vfetlard Listing
Name: Thames River
Geographic Limits; The Thames, Shetucket, and Quinebaug Rivers and their tributaries
Resource Values; Warm and cold water fisheries- encanpasses the major domestic trout fishery in Eastern
Connecticut; anadranous fisheries; marine fisheries within the estuary; high potential for
Anerican shad and Atlantic salmon restoration.
Known/Potential Commercial, industrial, and residential development; hydrcpower, especially "small hydro";
Threats to Resource: cogeneration.
Cements: "A Preliminary Plan for the Restoration of Anadrcnous Fisheries in the Thames River Basin"
has been produced by the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection, Bureau of
Fisheries.
-36-
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-------
GENERAL LISTING
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Scale 1:1,000,000
3-3
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Priority Water!>o 1 |y/ Tot in the Conc ept: IM.in Tor rvervM vat ion of tUack IXjck^interirv)
Habitat
Geographic Limits;
Resource Values:
Knavn/Potent ial
Threats to Resource:
lower Wells Marsh (400 acres)
tipper Wells Marsh (tHO acres)
Mousnm River Marsh (103 acres)
Goose Rocks Marsh (311 acres)
Little River Marsh (172 acres)
Goose fa re Brook Marsh (acres)
Spurwink Marsh (200 acres)
I jo wo r Wells Marsh- Wintering black duck, least tern nesting (adjacent upland)
llpper Wells Marsh- Wintering black cluck
Mousam River Marsh- Winterirrj black duck
Gonse Rocks Marsh- Wintering black duck, In as t torn ner.ti rr| (adjacent upland)
Little River Marsh- Wintering black fluck
GooseCare Brook Marsh- Wintering black duck
Spurwink Marsh- Wintering black duck
lower Wei Is Marsh- possibly threatened- second liome development
Upper Wells Marsh- possibly threatened- second hone development
Mousam River Marsh- possibly threatened- second home development
Goose Pocks Marsh- possibly threatened- second home dovelot»nent
Little River Marsli- possibly threatened- secoirl lioine development
Goosefare Bnxjk Marsh- highly threatened- contaminants
Spurwink Marsh- possibly threatened- second liome development
Cormients: FWS (realty) uses three catetpries of threat: highly threatened
possibly threatened
mostly protected
These areas are by no means a FWS priority list of wetlands for New England, Kit rather coastal
wetlands important to wintering black ducks, a FWS National Species of Special Rnphasis.
-37-
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Priority Wati^rlindy/Wetland r.i.st irrj
Nanrj: Coastal Raised lruvls
Geographic Limits: Maine Coastal 7,one
Resource Values; Unccrrmon peatland typo worldwide with unique and rare flora and fauna.
Known/Potential feat development- mining for fuel and agriculture.
Threats to Resource:
Ccmnents: Examples:
Jonesport North Unit (Jonenport)
Kelly Hoint Fteatlands (Jonesport)
Carrying Place Gove (Fubec)
-38-
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3-3
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Priority Waterboly/Wetlard bistinq
Name: Eelgrass (Zostera morinn) lv;-dr.
State(s): Ma ino
Geographic Limits: Goastal zone; Moan Low Wator to 10 foni. contour
Resource Values: Primary productivity, natural cover and sediment stabilization
Known/Potential Pred
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Priority Waterbody/Vtetland Listinq
Name:
Estuaries td^ntif ied as Iroinrtant to 11n* Preservation and f '.nhano wol of Anadrr*mus Fjsh
Resources
Geographic Limits:
Watershoraugh River complex, Saco
River, Presumpscot River, Royal River estuary, Kennebec/Androscoggin estuary, Sheepscot River
estuary, Oamariscotta River, St. George River estuary, T>;nohr;eot River estuary, Union River
estuary, Narrayauyus and Pleasant River esttiaries, Machias and East Machias River estuaries,
Denny's River estuary, Aroostook River, and St. Croix River estuary
These rivers were identified by Maine nX'jiartment
and Wildlife .Service.
of Environmental Protection and/or U.S. Fish
-AO-
-------
Priority Uiterb'ityA*M:land l.istinq
Special /\piatic Sites within the Tnwliate Wit^rshcds of SutTnee lyinkiriM Water Tin|ioun<1irvnl
Geoqraphic Limits: Variable. Approxirnately RRO such .impoundments (539 community supplies; 341 non-cr»nmuni ty
supplies) exist in New England.
Resource Values: Wbtlarrls in these areas will often be important in maintenance of water quality. Likewise,
work in these wetlands has the potential to seriously impact water supplies.
Known/Potential Difficult ho predict. Threats to these wetlanls are uncommon, but are potentially serious.
Threats to Resource: Highway projects, as well as industrial and comnercial development seom to be in<^l cannon.
Canwents: Wbrk in these arenas sliould automatically trigger careful RPA review and full coordination with
the W&ter .Supply Branch. Special Conditions will likely apply to any permitted projects.
-41-
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Scale 1:1,000,000
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Priority Waterbody/Vtetland Listing
Name: Tidal/froshwater transition 7.onos
Geographic Limits: Maine coastal zone
Resource Values: These relatively rare and poorly understood systems may be very important for uncommon wildlife
species and play important roles in stabilizing the local physical and hydrological environment
These areas are also important for nesting wintering bald eagles and provide habitat for many
rare plants.
Known/Potential First and second home development. Maine State laws are protective of tidal wetlands, but they
Threats to Resources have no comprehensive inland vretland protection. Consequently, the temptation exists to develop
right to the edge of tidal influence and eliminate the important transition zone.
Garments: Specific examples of this type of area include:
Merrymeeting Bay
Machias Bay/ East River estuary
Cohs Cook Bey
Lubec Flats/ West Oxxldy Head
-42-
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Pr inr i ty Wato rboly/We tlan\ \A st i rn
(lame; Wat lands identified as important on state breedi nr.j and bird censuses
Geographic Limits: Variable.
Resource Values: These wetlands have been identified as important Tor breeding hi p1s.
Known/Potential Variable and site-specific; Any 404 regulated work in these areas would require close scrutiny.
Threats to Resource:
Comments: These censuses are in various stages oE publication. Further information about particular
species is available fran the Fish and Wildlife Service.
-43-
-------
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-------
Priority W&terbody/Wetland Listing
Name: Wetlands Included on Maine's List of "Rcologically Significant That lands"
Geographic Limits; Those areas identified by the Natural Resources Council.
Resource Values: Fish and wildlife habitat; aesthetics.
Kncwn/Potential Iteat mining.
Threats to Resource:
Comments: Psatlands included are: Wells Heath, Rand Pond, Saco Heath, Kimball Pond, tovewell Pond, Great
Sidney Bog, Kanokolus Bog, Caribou Bog, Sunkhaze Bog, Passadumkeag Bog, Bog near Greenville
Junction, Great Heath, Vfest Jonesport Heath, Meddybemps Heath, Thousand Acre Heath, Smith Brook
Deadwater, Mattawamkeag River, Little Crystal Fen, Marble Fen, Ellis Bog, Rig Ten Complex,
Salmon Brook Lake Bog, Ordiard Bog, and Cress Lake Fen.
-44-
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SPECIFIC LISTING
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Priority VfalortHily/Vfetlcml Listing
Namo: Alton TVvj
Geographic Limits; JtenobRcol. County; Otono, Wainn
Resource Values: Extensive open heath community; aesthetics.
Known/Pbtential Bisected by 1-95; i»tential for secondary impacts, although no immediate threats are reported.
Threats to Resource:
Garments:
-45-
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Priority Hi to rba ly /We hi a rri Listing
Nan*;:
Chetm rvrj
Geographic Limits: Tbwn of Bradley
Resource Values:
Pristine fully fanned "raised" boy with values for fish and wildlife; acstlieti.cs; rare
community type.
Known/Potential Proposed "wet harvesting" of peat could destroy mist of this bog.
Threats to Resource:
Continents:
This hog received a high rating in "Kval.uati.on oF Maine Peatlands for Their Unigtm and
Exemplary Qualities" prepared for the Maine Department of Environmental Protection.
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rie Point'/
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tYioriVy WilerUily/Vfetlarrt Listing
Name: fXinstan/ScarboroiKjh Rivor
Geographic Limits; lower Scarborough River arxl adjacent wetlarrls
Resource Values: Important fisheries and shellfish habitat (Anerican shad, rivor herrinq, eastern oyster);
nursery area for anadronous fish? productive saltmarshes; fcx-xl web support; aesthetics; rare
plant species.
Known/Potential Residential ofcvelrpimnt.
Threats to Resource:
Cements:
-47-
-------
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Priority Vfot^rboly/Wolrlaiid Li r,\_iivj
Nairn: Olil Orchard Poa GUpjmrt; identified ar> a
prior thy area by Ma inn HP. P.
Known/Potent. ia_l Second Ikot; and cortlaninium prqvjsals; a great deal of dovclqwmnt in adjacent lamia.
Threats to Resource:
Ccnrnents: The Stato of Maine is presently doing a study of throats to this area.
-48-
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Priority Waterbody/Wetland Listing
Name: Orono Bog/Caribou !V>j
Geographic Limits: Ftenobscot County, I mile south of Orono
Resource Values: Research; educational study; aesthetics; diverse vegetative canmnni ty; rare plant secies.
Known/Potential Secondary development from nearby highway, timber harvesting, residential development.
Threats to Resource:
torments: This bog received a high value in "Evaluation of Maine Pontlands Tor tlieir Unique and fixemplnry
Qualities" prepared for the Maine Department of F.nvironnental Protection.
-49-
-------
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Priority Waterboriy/Wetland Listing
Name: Penobscot River
Geographic Limits; Vtest branch of the Penobscot, Piscataquis County
Resource Values: Recreation; fishery; aesthetics; identified by FWS as a key river in their Atlantic Salmon
restoration program.
Known/Potential Great Northern Paper Company had proposed to construct a dam for a hydroelectric generator at
Threats to Resource: Amberjackus Falls (Big "A" dam). This proposal has been withdrawn? no future projects have
been announced at this time.
Consents: this stretch of river contains some of the best Whitewater canoeing and rafting in the eastern
United States.
-50-
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Priority Wab• rboly/We 1:1 arrl Listing
Name: Saco I!c>alh
Geographic Limits: York County- York, Maine
Resource Values: One of the most southerly raisntl hogs in Maine; contains Atlantic White Cedar, a raro species
in Maine; research; education; aesthetics.
Kncwn/Potentia.1 Peat mining; 435 acres oE commercial quality peat.
Threats to Resource:
Commentsi Hie previous owner trial to mine the peat. Another mining proposal is currently active.
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Priority Wat^rbaty/ttotlani Listing
Name: Sunkhaze lVxj
Geographic Limits: Mjacont to the Runkhnzo River, in tin? Town of Milfonl
Reaaygee Values! fully fanned "raided" bog with valuea ft?r ebth atirl wiHlift?* «u-!sth*»kles?
" =- — eofiiflMhity type*
Krewti/Eetential Peei*iiid "wet t\at=vesfelit3,! of mat enulri »*»gtrqy most fif this hcti,
"fljgeatg to Peaeureei
e&m@fihsi 1tii§ hey ireeeived a high value in "Rwfiluatlnn of Maine fleafeUiifte Top Thuir Hnitum anri Rxomplfi^
" ==¦— Oualiti^i" prepared for the Maine fv?tiflt-bnr»nt of F.nvmintwtital l^ol octinn.
-52-
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Priority Waterbcdy/Vtetlanrl Listing
Name: Lake UmKiijog
Geographic Limits: Hie lake arid its watershed
Resource Values: Little development; outstanding wildlife hahitat.
Known/Potential Proposed hydro development; twice targeted for deatomaceous earth dredging.
Threats to Resource:
Corrroents:
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-------
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Priority Watodxxly/Wetland Listing
Narno: W^tlandr, bordering the Radio! Carson Nat ionnl Wildlife Refuge
Geographic Limits: Net lards aid aquatic sites adjacent to or in the vicinity of the refuge
Resource Values; Buffer zones; wildl.ifo habitat; water quality maintenance; aesthetics.
Known/Potentia 1 Major piecemeal filling has occurred up to ard sometimes over tlie refuge boundary, primarily
Threats to Resource; for residential development.
Comments: A 1982 rqxsrt by the Concord Field office of the FWS documents the filling activity, most of
vdiich is illegal, occurring in this area. The AIS process has Ivon initiated for this area.
-54-
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Priority Watorbody/Vfetland Listing
Nome: York Rivor
Geographic Limits: Tbwn of: York
Resource Values: Oysters and clams are harvested in the lower estuary; rainbow smelt nursery area.
Known/Potential Marsh headwaters are relatively unprotected from fill and contamination resulting from
Threats to Resource: the extensive building pressure in York County.
Comnents:
-55-
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-------
GENERAL LISTING
-------
KSW HAMPSHIRE
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Priority Wnb'rb'dy/Wotl.ml !,i st ing
Name: Coastal marshes id>»nt i Fied by IW in I lie Concept Plan Tor Preservation of Mind; hick Wintering
[inhitnt
Geographic Limits: Salisbury Marshes (2.400 acres)
Essex Marskis an! Merrimack River Tidal Flats ("3000 acres)
Duxbury Marshes and Bay (750 acres)
Barns! able1 Marshes (5300 acros)
Orleans Hay (950 acres- mostly estuarine flat and marsh)
Resource Values: Salislxjry Marslies- wintering black rlnck
Essex Marshes and Merrimack River Tidal Flats- wintering black find:; coninjn tern riesl ing
Duxbury Marshes and Bay- wintering black duck; other dabbling ducks; wadi ng birds, nesting
Barnstable Marshes- wintering black duck; camion, roseate and arctic tern nesthvj
Orleans Bay- wintering black duck; coninon and least, tern
Known/Potential Salisbury Marslies- possibly threatened- illegal filling, development
llireats to~Resource: Essex Marshes and Merrimack River Tidal Flats- possibly threatene<1- filling
Huxbury Marshes and Bay- possibly threatened
Barnstable Marshes- possibly threatened
Orleans Bay- possibly threatened
Conments: FWS (realty) uses three categories of threat: highly threatened
possibly threatened
mostly protected
These areas are by no means a FWS priority list of wetlands for New England, but rather coastal
wetlands important to wintering black ducks, a FWS National Species of Special FVnphasi s.
-56-
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Priority Wotorboly/XVetLml Listing
Name: Coastal Plain I~>i v 1:" 1 > >n* Q*i«nnnily
Geographic Limits: Plymouth ami Caj/>o Cc*l
Resource Values; Over 20 species of rare plants; many r^jional nrr.l s
-------
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Priority Waterbody/We tlanri Listing
Name: Special fr^uatic Sites Overlying Sole Source Aquifer Areas
Geographic Limits: Cape Cod; Nantucket Island
Resource Values: Recharge/discharge; water quality maintenance; many of these wetlands also have important
values for wildlife and recreation.
Known/Potential Residential develcpment, particularly the construction of vacation and retirement homes. New
Threats to Resource: roadway construction on Cape Cod is also a concern.
Comments: The actual potential for adverse impacts to the aquifer varies on a site-specific hasis and
must be analyzed in each case.
-58-
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TTiority Waterbaly/Wetl.ml T.isl.irrj
Name: S|Y?cinl /\i|uat.ir Sites wil.hin Hie Imnvtliate V.'il<->rshods of Surface Drinking Wat,jr Tin|"»">iitn 1m*"•nlzr-",
Geographic Limits: Variable. Approximat:ely BHD nuch impoundments (539 community supplies; 341 non-c«nmunity
supplier) exist in New Fngland.
Resource Values: Wetlands in these areas will often t»e important in maintenance of water gml Lty. Likewise,
work in these wetlands has the potential to seriously impact water supplies.
Known/Potential Difficult to predict. Threats to these wetlands are uncowion, but are potential ly serious.
Threats to Resource: Highway projects, as well as industrial and cotiinorcial development seem to be most canmon.
Camients: Work in these areeas should automatically trigger careful FPA review ar»i full coordination with
the Water Supply Branch. Special Cbnditions will likely apply to any permitted projects.
-59-
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Priority Wal<-¦ r()r11 tla n> 1 rir>tir*i
Nome: Wetlands adj acent ho and b"tv*vn l?ou1,rs I 23 and 49S
Geographic Limits: Hie crescent shaped area ere 1cr, arri 24 in eastern Massachusetts
Resource Values: Water quality maintenance; flood control; urhan oasis eEEect; aesthetics.
Known/Potentia.l This area has been subject to explosive growth (luring tbr? past docade resulting in severe
Threats to Resource; pressure on the remaining wetland systems- Local control is patchwork and inconsistent in
quality.
Comments; threats may diminish if local protection eCforts increase.
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Priority Waterbody/VJetland Listing
Name: Wetlands identified as important on state breeding anil bird censuses
Geographic Limits: Variable.
Resource Values: These wetlands have Ixjen identified as important for breeding birds.
Known/Potential Variable and site-specific; Any 404 regulated work in these areas would require close scrutiny.
Threats to Resource:
Comments: Hv^se censuses are in various stages of publication. Furtlier information about particular
species is avai lable from the P'ij'ii and Wild Life Service.
-61-
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SPECIFIC LISTING
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Priority Wolert>a ly/We11 nr»1 Listing
Name: ftel U» Tsl° Mtit.1i
Geographic Limits: Boston, Rove re, and Winthrop
Pesource Values: One of the last relatively large salt marshes in Boston Harbor.
Known/Potential Numerous private properties which ahut the marsh system can result in activities that are
irTreats to Resource: relatively small but, nevertheless, create cumulative adverse impacts over a long period of
time.
Consents: A portion of this .system is in public ownership.
-62-
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Priority Wfttorhorty/Wetland Listing
Nanr>; Ruz 7a rd' s Hay
Geographic Limits; Vfetlarri systems surrounding the hay
Resource Values; Variety of coastal wetland systems; fisheries.
Known/Potential Increasing development pressure (mostly residential), especially in tidal flats aixl subneryed
Ihreats to Resource: tidal lands.
Contents: The hay is currently the focus of a federal-state-local planning prnjram to develop an
Environmental Master Plan for the bay.
-63-
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Prim ily Wrih>rlnxly/WoH(ml Listing
Name: Cod 1.1 l o Piver
Geographic Limits: Within Towns of: flol. brook, Randolph, ,1 r» 1 Braintree
Resource Values: Water quality maintenance; flood control; waterfowl; so™ > wannv/al osed in the watershed (e.g. housing,
Threats to Resource; light industry).
Comments: Baird and MaGuire, a hazardous waste si te of tlie NPL exists in th" headwaters.
-64-
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Priority VJaterbnty/Wetlanrt List:iixj
Name:
Conqamnn'l fakes ami rv>j
Geographic Limits:
Hampden County; Soul lv/ick, Massachusetts
Resource Values:
Lakes an? still good shape, but area is being rapidly developed. The hog between South rtwl
and Spencer Fond is a fine lew land bog. The area we r lies the Great Rrook acquirer which is
used for water supply for the region.
Known/Potential
Threats to Resource:
Encroachment frcin garbage dump and solid waste disposal; pressure from residential development;
inadequate erosion control structures result in excessive runoff from agricultural ami
industrial areas.
Corrments:
-65-
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- 19 -
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Priority Uitei-holy/Wetl.ml I,isl.ing
Nmno:
Geographic Limits;
Resource Values:
Kncwn/Potent ial
Threats to Resource:
Comments:
Connecticut Rivr
Hie river prrper and spocial. agnatic sites within tlr* flood pin in
New England's largest river? warm ami cold water fisheries; flood storage; anndr
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Priority Waterlmdy/Wetl ind listing
Name: Essex River
Geographic Limits: Tbwn of Essex, including adjacent wetlands and direct tributary systems
Resource Values: Soft shell clans; anadromous ale wife and smelt; productive sal ll.inarsh habitat.
Known/Potential Development pressure from residential ami "doekeminium" proposals; mosquito control projects.
Ihreats to Resource:
Comments: The area is theoretically protected under tlx? Massachusetts Area of Critical Environmental
Concern program.
-67-
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Priority Wa to rbody/Wetland Listing
Norm?: French Riwr
Geographic Limits: Tbwn of Oxford
Resource Values: Flood storage; waterfowl; water quality maintenance.
Known/Potentia1 Significant municipal and industrial discharges within the watershed.
Threats to Resource:
Comments:
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Priority Wot<*d><*ly/Wetlar*1 Li si;i iyj
Name: Groat Od,ir Swamp
Geographic Limits: Ibwn of Middleborouyh
Resource Values: Flood control; low-flow modulation; water quality maintenance; fislieries; wildlife,
Known/Potential Cumberland Farms, Inc. has converted several thousand acres of this wetland to pasture for
Threats to Resource: grazing.
Comments: Cumberland Farms, Inc. has been fined $540,000 and is required to restore the area to its
original condition. If restoration is satisfactorily completed by T*x:eml>;r 31, 19H6, $390,000
of the fine will be waived.
-69-
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Priority Waterbody/Vfetlanil Listing
Name: Ilnckatnocl: Hwainp
Olographic Limits: Bristol County, 3-4 miles north of Taunton
Resource Values; Extensive cedar swamp; aesthetics; Fi.^h and wildlife habitat; rare community type; flood
control; water supply.
Known/Potential Ehcroachments around (.1*3 perimeter Cor industrial and residential development. Also
Threats to Resource; secontlary impacts from nearby highways.
Conments;
-70-
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Priority Wito|-!h ily/W;>tl in 1 f.i rvj
Name: f loar>i c K* i vo r
Geographic Limits: Chesire Reservoir to tl*> Vonmnl: Rtatf* lino
Resource Values: Cited by both Massachusetts Department of: Inland Fisheries and WildliEo and the MnssacHisotts
Division of Wetlanls Regulation as a valuable river/wetlancl syst<->m.
Known/Potent ia 1 Unknown.
Threats to Resource:
Crunwjnts:
-71-
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Priority Watert)oly/VJotlar»1 LintiiYj
Name: Housatonic River
Geographic Limits: Frcm Dalton, W\ to the Connecticut River
Resource Values: High fish and wildlife value.
Known/Potential Vtetlarris could he adversely a erected during qie ratio nr. to clean up PCM contamination in thi s
Threats to Resource: stretch of the rivor and the ad jacent w^tlandr;.
Corments:
-72-
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. >- ' •¦••»•.-*!> _ ><^r-ip"wich jreenville
's:...-\ \ (
-- • v «• >___ • ^Hirnnnac* .
'AmN^C" «. Merrimack *V 2/i.
^-.-1. rC:X - v /v 5;^;—_'~ "
' '.'' ',2 s -i- —• T'norrts-rFBrrv • , >
Uiilforaj ..i.;.' M -1 \l1+. -i3 5j,:" ', /x. r^T; , \ /
I =fr i ¦.» 'W-
^ East ^«ovr:i 3 ^ ve>imack: ¦ V \\ Wt^crtanj ¦' l\/r>*'
(s .-.¦!'¦¦'• .} »«,•! ' f. ».::•>»<>_,>•-. I. T^. '' *'
-------
Priority Witorboly/WoH.m) Listing
Name: Morrimac'. Rivt
Orographic Limits: The roach Fran fowl ], MA to Frankli n, Nil, including ad jacent w>'l 1 .mis and di n-i tributaries
Resource Values: Waterfowl; f ish^rios; Flan] storage and protection; anadromous fish; identified by WIS as a key
river in their Atlantic Salmon restoration program.
Known/Potentia 1 General resutential/ industrial development pressure; hydropower develq>inent.
Threats to Resource:
Conrnents: Protection of the river system is new fragmented.
-73-
-------
o
•
V /
^ Oak Island
$'£
>./<
/
/
-------
Priority Write rholy/Vfetland Listing
Nome:
Saugus, P^vere and Pine Rivers sail in 1it*.! i i nr l.i h li nq Seaplane basin
Geographic Limits;
Tbwns of Saugus and Revere, including adjacent wetlanls nn1 rliroct tributary systems.
Resource Values:
Valuable saltwater marshes compcr>ed of altineflora and pntens in and around Boston urban
setting. Significant shellfish resources; anadrnmous fish; winter flounder; nesting for
migratory waterfowl; soawrm fishery.
K nown/Poten t i a1
'Ihreats to Resource:
Commercial, industrial, and residential development; placement of tinstabilized highway fill for
1-95; the construction of the highway was later canceled. The State of Massachusetts is
investigating alternatives for tin? removal of this fill; creation of federal navigation
channel; expansion of marina facilities.
Oonments:
-74-
-------
-------
Priorihy Wnt<»rbody/Wetl. m 1 Li r,l inq
Name: .Scheiv>b Brook ry ttroo!; r,yr.t<>m
Geographic Limits: Sheffield, W\
Resource Values: Over 25 species of rare plants and animals; one of the top calcareous wstlands in the state;
unique habitat type.
Known/Potential This area was once considered for a pump storaqe facility which would have inundated the
Threats to Resource: system; sooond hone development.
Conments:
-------
fw?;:; ;' 5VNS ^ ^ '
, • i . 1 - /. —y <~P- - _^=»
•r~ m) \ ...v- // y-
ZrCTO
i ^ :".'^n 1
- '—* I ' 'S-~
^"-^',nv a« "SN/Vs,«
:Vr; a. Cf'
TT ' 1V-W\\ I " '-.V* ^
r.jti V '^V£ - ^
-L'_! f',;5.«i\ ==--•" T-^s. /' ":
w • a .! t , i \\ •-• D y • r- .* •
-------
Pr idri ty Woto rboly/Wetln 111 Listing
Name: Swcodens Swainp
Geographic Limits: Seven Mile Rivet" waterslvd in At l IHioro, Mass^husetts
Resource Values; Flood storage; water quality maintenance; low flow modulation; bird and small mammal habitat.
Known/Potential Proposed sflopping mall would have destroyed 30 acres of this 50 aero red nviple swamp.
Threats to Resource:
Conments: On May 13, 1986, RPA exercised its 404(c) authority to prohibit n^.o of this site for a shoppi nq
mall.
-76-
-------
-------
GENERAL LISTING
-------
Priority Waterboty/Wctlnnd Listing
Name: Special Aquatic Sites within the Immediate Watersheds of Surface Hrinkinq Water Tm|x;>iindineni-«s
Geographic Limits; Variable. Approximately 800 such impoundments (539 community supplies; 34] non-ennmuni ty
supplies) exist in New England.
Resource Values: Wetlands in these areas will often be important in maintenance of water quality. Likewise,
work in these wetlands has the potential to seriously impact water supplies.
Known/Potential Difficult to predict. Threats to these wetlands are unccmnon, but are potentially serious.
Threats to Resource: Highway projects, as wall as industrial and canrnsrcial development seem to be most common.
Camientss Wbrk in these areeas should automatically trigger careful EPA review and full coordination with
the Water Supply Branch. Special Conditions will likely apply to any permitted projects.
-77-
-------
>s i^'sr' 1
• rJ
'irfflr
~7/^
*«• V *•
\ Xr / ,
// */ •'
»i > '/
¦A
RYE mxfi
ifntf. J--TLAXT1C
— 0CZAJ1
/ N 0 R T
#N*" V&safc
¦y^
: r;w
¦• ..rv^:;^-..r. . V&
=7. •__\jj.'S*.
^,\SPt n"u '/l^r
•Js^=r-'> >5^ V If \\ __K. l~~'-
^UiiiJrt^s "^^Sl
' Jc^nT^i^.yts. /]v4;;'#f":r
^ /«/ ' .. —- • -/' i ,*\:. f* *7~v' 1 V. " v/f-—•¦•• •*"
^* — » ' / ¦ v^T^Ss* | / -~->-r' I/.
!
ATLANTIC
CC£.-LY
-------
Priority WaterbatyAJetl.ml T.istinrj
Name: Tidal w?t Kinds in Hampton, Ryo, ami Mulh Hampton
r<>oqr<"iphic T.innts: 7V>wns of Hampton, North Hampton, artl Rye
Resource Values: Productivity; fish and wildlife hahitat; flood web support; aesthetics.
Known/Potent ial Considerable? piocetnoal destruction for residential ar>1 comnorci al development.
Ilireats to Resource:
Coiments: Much unauthorized fill activity has taken place in this area.
-78-
-------
' iJitobtii v',
I UitOOtliVi 1 • I,
/ > : ' A
I' i / SkuLo
/' i South Danhury ^
/ \ Fait Ahdover/*~vJ * <
K Wilmoto \ \ 7' ^ 1 1
West Andover^ AnloVjit-^ Frar
. rikin-. ' ^•"'fT'lace /"v
[1 u 'Wilinut flat * /n
NewloniJOM * y ^
Hat S|»iIni'.litrlil
iiiaitth.mi0
It City
until Cotnish
Ctoydon Fl*»t
Georges > r—•« /
Mills ' .
L L I V A1 N
li NewportU-
; iiiftoixji
Mi;» b»iry o§outhSu'l
t>unapce l
remonu/k
' Bloc i
• Newport
olleyvillu
Mt Sun
lebtfrnn
Unity
^Goshen
Unity
l.»rnpblcr
t ast
Itmpster
t*st Washington
WiiLhiiii*tiMi ,\
last Ai^leat!
*Mailow
Cente^
IhllJboto
t.
Stoddard
Uilsiiiii
Sullivan
»ili i i«>i 11 on
Ironworks
, ' Salisbury Hfeiehtso Sjlisbur
ettlandin£
v i iNorth Sutloit )' \ i'
JN I 1 ///.U /. ¦! tilt I •' v j
I, ' k ' '
1' 41 • f k ' 1 iPy
' ) ' V .vtfrlister V\.
M . E R R I. M \A 3 K
,eil°" tW.tinf-r i' 'VI '
Mill*. I 'O
X' Order y
lr Uanisteair
M Bnthslf.ul /'Stratford j'
/ • Sooth 0.jinslt-.uJ \
IMl^h.-ltK'; \ / ( *"\\
Wat
•. .Melv/in Mills
Contort nok
iltsburo I \
Villon
ioto Upper VilUi
Hopkintonu
, . > — .Norlh i , (li).-
'» lHilbJ>n|o Ch/jse1' Wcore /V ( Dunh^rt
l-l VtllMlle .fc,,,! "Ctllto
¦r. J
«'Dcciif»u
U ,v' i / ' South
, , I
Munsonviili
" r_
^ntrim, >,
vFast , i-Nelson
SU"'T , i 1 I HuncoJKfr
A', I I
/ ; Haiii<,vitleij .¦»
i* Keene
/ \ ' «i»•<»•
Kl- \ 1 ^ Dol.hn
M I f«Murlt>orout;h ^ j
jJBennin^ton
( "< fiianccutown n
ecnfield
Wmnjsqoauv i
ornton*'!
ichinere
A|lon R.
UfldioiH
Franklii
(iilm.intiM) 1
Ctinl«Nbury i- ,
North vl'ic-lx^h'''' ! «
,Short
Liow
f.OHlfl
Sum iHik
I IOOkSt?t\
UIIUI0
/ ^ L/ i
( /aV |ii»w
i, \
n.ivi ... I
Alton! _
i' »i i r\
111 HOI I
^Ni'W Durham
Miltoi
tFdfinini'.lori^
Rocfiester
t'Duvisvillo
Center,
\ Shaflord
« .'DM I »
Hopkintofi *v\fSi|i
1
« . ' ¦ i i / ,
Tpsorii' 'J, Oos'vvhh/ *
:<»rn> , IS / ,
. [ f.'.om 'Nor|iIWII
I Northwood |
West Nottingham' >
\ i'Oi'inliftd * \
• 'P^eflield Cvnlei -
i !
\i Nottiiit',h \ > r I-
L.iut Uamngtdn" UOVer|"1/ ' |
* \
purham ij f, .
. Weate
' , ' V 1
Uptown
f ''Bvan Inland i
/ j fc ast C.india W • '
fj '{ 1^pp,nP'r, ^I'P^e
Hoi}Ksi>n Raynidri^ ) <
Brentwoo i CorntAb
narkpt ^PORTSMQUTH^/* ^*Cdi,tle
Grasmeie (/ -i ¦ .jSout^i
T "^^-4 >jSi-y«»rxinco
. /l _ \ jT- -p-,^AuLurn r ^ _
I'ni-'rjIyilt.A^i * ]}'. l> / ^ ) l/.i-.-sh/•« .h/« /,<*/.<¦ |jemont\
u—*sjv j
^ t PoytiACorncr
Newliclds , i GryL'ulai)d
Stralh.un I <. Wjllii\SjnUs
H HytT (-Rve N lUach
j
~T— *
W Ryt:'
'ttroAlwond
'-'Clicshain
\'
Nfew Boston/. MANCH^STERi X 1 / \ ^
1 .. # R O C K I N G k 'A M. /
V.\- "J J v>- ^ L ] Kn.^ioq, , / Hampton/,
" tF"
\ I'- '
Hudlor(l< >
HI 1\LS BO ROUGH \
\ \ t
H V R E
hwuM/tyV MoHdilitoi:k Mln
Vn J'65 •
"IdSt V,
Swjn/c/v'-
|"-Wos| Hele«l*.rouUh . /. . \ ."w«.«d» \
||Vcst H^mpslOiid > k UanVill^ ("V,
t Deny " ( -'x oiiniith Ovili, "
iast Kingston
Hdmi»U>n KaMs •
Pt-lcr h< r^»ti(^h
l^iclir^iiMid
LV-i ) I
„ 'JvtlWI-,./v,...; \ \
i*oi»d h J 1 -n
^ \ < Fitiwilh.tiii, j-y* up*l|»*V«
; Wi- I ftinriA:
) .OtV •
Wilton Ccntci •
West Wilton j 1'
•' I einple
'Shjroo
opt South t. y(idchoroii(^h
\\ ^Au.herbl' JCh V
V A^Wilh.n .
^ MiU<»fd ' I lir y
\'
¦iSerry
fc HHinpst^ad
/>/,,.,/ ! |j Hdinpsti j J°
I orijoldeny ^ ¦
f'oncni.ih
Sooth Murriiii.u (T
\ Ihp.nK.ns J) |lUlil |(| N / j
' 4 1 li«-pot -!*'"« "• r* Atkm^
\ (j«inn|,»e LakK ' K-i k
.V"111" \ /
11 t i i> * -V, 'Salem
v r.i... « a. L«..li \ r>
\
New
« Cil<7M»vNlc*
^ V V ^oitl| Hi'lh.iiii |
i |Dt" l' *( I ^N^--yA!-^7fjuW"^°n 1 ?\
"$r TTl"—"X: "1' j -S ,
| "" " —--Vr—' f
H U S E T \ T . -' S
Newl
rlaistow
^ ^ Wf?st\jHe
N >Rye Ueach
Hampton
i/l ittie
, Liojrs Mead
1,
W
-11
\
Soabrook t ? / i./
^nfl^fcJvwi
X A
, i Hampton
•' 'Beach
-------
Priori l.y Wil'M hotly/W^M-ml T,ist i iy]
Nome: Id in 1:". iti«l v:•il;crt>>(li ps of r«nil.hf\T;t t-!> *w II imp ;hi n-
(Wxiraphic Limits: SouHr»nr.l'nrn Mt-w II:nti| >sh i rr> (Hi 1 Isbonjti'jh, Morriinnck, l?orl;i ivjhfiin, SI rnfTop 1, nt* I Sullivan
Count ins).
Resource Values: Fish cirri wildlife; final control; writer quali l.y nviint^ivince; r<~>rn vilion.
Known/Potential Inrtust ri a l/rer? i a I itevr?1njTn*?nt. Hi Is aro;i is oxiwrienoi ny rap Ml growth ns Ixjrlroom
'threats to Resource: communit.ies for Boston an1 Conconl continue lo expanl.
Coimionts:
-79-
-------
Priority Waterbody/Wetland Listing
Name; Wetlands identified as important on state breeding and bird censuses
Geographic Limits: Variable. Cascade Marsh, New London, NH is an example of this. This marsh provides nesting
area for pie-billed grebes and long rails
Resource Values; These wetlands have been identified as important for breeding birds.
Known/Potential Variable and site-specific; Any 404 regulated work in these areas would require close scrutiny.
Threats to Resource:
Garments: These censuses are in various stages of publication. Further information about particular
species is available from the Fish and Wildlife Service.
-80-
-------
SPECIFIC LISTING
-------
CiNAD;
CiNASA
i. jl ; i
rS ^ v.\v -sa,j ,. gvr-^^rr^
W rtS \ .\jf\I J><*1 -V~
) WiO< ¦ | X U- ii /5
/?*( flA ^7"
' / (' !>¦ ' - ¦ ' ^ t
- / ¦ :2V *
A 1} nU
t;> I \V^ u- >¦ U -'
'( l v^jt ,
Wr V: ^-\. jr /, foj
VK <>i
' *¦' L ?• \ • 'r L,-'j- • " '
r/'w-.; -J f" K* Y 'U^~ <¦"¦
2 ' 4 / \i . -'JL—-—'"" \ .
>T v _V \ v t y"~ . ' u,
•*wr*rt j
>
v
FIGURE lit.'.. RIVERS INCLUDED IN THE PROPOSED ACTION.
-------
Priorily Wot:erb<-ily/Wot1 airl f.i nl irrj
Name:
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-------
Pr in ri fy Wn It* H ><> ly/Wo 11 n n 1 T,i p. t; i nrj
N.imo: Copps FV>n<1 and Copps Flwl
Geographic Limits: Hiftonlioro, NM
Resource Values: Identifind by the New Hampshire Fish and Game PGpartment as a priority area. High quality
habitat for fish and wildlife.
Kncxvn/Potentia 1 Encroachment from residential development:
Threats to Resource:
Carmen ts:
-82-
-------
vV'S (""'••-v/-* ••
. 'H x- * v:.
"'if v:.:v-<
a/.°v0j HI
1 $
KViy" Conmlory;:.;^ ,
1 ¦•¦•;' /.•; {• • /. ..•£•' y - '¦¦¦'
I ¦••-* .J: <' -;('. ^
/ * ' /- -l *f} S i}^ A ( 1
V u i\ ¦ •$*:'/! ./¦?/\\ i > \/\ r
.r;v°^>W '.r v1"^- /-' / ./ -rV Y1
•¦ t-i>c»{ 11. c> i„ ^ .J. ;, ) - .v,,,!, j,- , 1/ . '/* ,f / •> } .1
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-------
Priority Wal.orboly/Vtfe11. n r* 1 Listing
Name: F.xeter River
Geographic Limits: Watershed oE the river
Resource Values: Anadromous fish resources.
Known/Potent ia1 Hydro level cpment.
Threats to Resource:
COmnents:
-83-
-------
otl >'o in mv
342 (DOVER Wf.STP
.MO
W
FALLS
64
0O
69
ROA
6*
O \ \
>\V;.
I/O?
•ft
-------
Priority Wa (< * rl»t ly,A^^t- I n rri Li st itrj
Nnim: Lamprey reiwr
Geographic Limits; Watershed of th? river
Resource Values: Anadromoiis fish including alewife, Coho salmon, and American shad.
Kncwn/Potential I lydro lovo 1 r pme n t.
Threats to Resource:
Comments:
-R4-
-------
.. East
Topshar
S win .s jU-r
baits'
River
. Benton
J J No*th Haverhill
f^ewbury +
cEast Corinth
South N«wbufy".v
Lincoln
OR
East Haverht
North'
Woodstock
Hav.erh
South
Conntn .
G E
Woodstock
Bradford^- u
GlencUff
Albany
- Piermonl
Vershire
Waterville Valley
^Avest Thornton
* Ea/on Cept5'
Woialancet • J- ,",ad's
. ¦•o*'". Silver Lane 4 .
•^Warren
R A
Carf Mtn
\l ¦¦¦ i ^
Va.rlee y^Orford ^ ^
-st Fair'ee
Post Mills 0:
afford
J Choccua
Wentworth
Stinson:
Lake
iWhite'ace
OrfordvjHe
( North Thetford
^ Z Lyme
age
West Campton"\7 \ ^
,£ Beebe
— si / River '
Blair;/*
Rjmney
Vest Oss.P*
No'tf"
Whittle:
*t*ord Center
> Strafford 'c
Th^tfgrd
Sandwich
£outh
T a mv< C'tr
Center Sandwich
Westt
Rumney
Rumney" ; Qumcy
0 e £> -1
West Plymou*
Piymouth"\\ V
olderness
• Lyme Center
Livermore
Falls
Sandwich
-ion V;Hael^
Mouitcnbcf
Pompanoosuc
Hanove
enter
..~tonbof0
enter Hartor
\
Groton:
. : East Hebron
anover
Etna
Heoron-
!f - '.V Center Harder
Canaan
Cent*
-Tuttinooro
L"',.- M". ,;,4 c. Wereditn
.Orange
W Canaa"
Bridgewater
Lebanon u" En^.eid
Meredith
Alexandria.
Center-
New Hampton
Bristol-C/"
; Enfield Center
Grafton Cente'i Gra.rton,
Hil! Cente
Danour
Springfiii:
East"5
V Plainneld
/V.
- '.GlcnCale . _ , -£*'¦
Plainfield
; Meriden
^Corntsh Flat
- Grantham
N Sanbornton '• ' \ ^
^ ¦> __ ~ ,Gilford
B E L K N A P -./
Laconia ¦(
-Gaza
; Cornish C.ty Croy(joIV
C South Cornish
r Soutn Danb-j'y ^
/\. East Andover/"
WilmotO \ I
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/»¦ - . West An
Georges./f—— J
_ Fl . Mills- 1 EUips
Croydon Flat \ " '-.Mimot Flat
Ne* L'jr.30^
Franklin
Potte74"race
v ^_Belmont -
Ncrlhfieha. GiUnanton
ryXlaremon :/.B,odset,La^„sutIon
r Newport
Sutton;
5ULL1V AN /
^ North Newport*;.^ Sunaoee.,- |
Kelleyviile
r*.h Charlestown
c Goshen
CUn.ty East
Unity
\ Bradford
Lempster
: ::w"
East
Lempster
cworth
t Acworth
arlestown
-sgdon
Ne^Durv cSouth Sutton '=Webste>
R A r- r-> * e<*«vven^
E. R R I, M
. Winnisquam-
S^iahorntor
Lochmere
kTilton
Salisbury Heights; Salisbyrv
¦ watenoo- : wamer
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Atlstead
Center
o DavisviUe.
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Epso"i* . Gosv.
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Sullivan .
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Sullivan
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Harrisv
-------
Priority Wafcet+xxty/tfefclnnd Listing
Name: Merrimack River
Geographic Limits: The reach from Lowell, MA to Franklin, NH, including adjacent: wetlands and direct tributaries
Resource Values; Waterfowl; fisheries; flood storage and protection; anadromous fish; identified by FWS as a key
river in their Atlantic Salmon restoration program.
Known/Potential General residential/ industrial development pressure; hydropower development.
Threats to Resource:
Conments: Protection of the river system is new fragmented.
-85-
-------
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Priority Waterbody/Wetlanl r,i r,t iiyj
Name:
N^rth Mill. T\)ik1
Geographic Limits: Tributary to the Piscatogua River ivvir Portsmouth
Resource Values:
Diversity of estuarinc habitats; valuable Cor fish, shellfish, and wading birds; anadromous
fish including Atlantic salmon, shortnose sturgeon, smelt, and shod.
Known/Potential
Threats to Resource:
Strong development pressure from, among others, the New Hampshire POrt Authority and thp City
of Portsmouth In fill intertidal coves for fastlarri creation. Prrposn 1 to build dam was
recently denied by the Army Corps of Engineers because of salt marsh habitat. There is also a
problem with silting duo to erosion.
Comments:
-86-
-------
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Priority Waterbody/Wetlanrt Listing
Name: Pi scataqua River, Croat Bay an<1 Li.tt.lo Ray estuaries
Geographic Limits: Ti<1al wetlanrls associated with these estuaries (Rockingham arri StraFfottl Counties)
Resource Values: Oie of the largest estuaries in the country; anadromous Pish.
Known/Potential Industrial and residential growth pressures.
Threats to Resource:
Comments:
-87-
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Priority Walorboly/^etland Listing
Name: Sugar Rivr
Geographic Limits: Hie watershed in Sullivan, Merrimack, and Grafton Counties, including adjacent wetlands and
their direct tributaries
Resource Values: Fisheries; waterfowl; water quality maintenance; recreational value.
Known/Potential The SCS has proposed a complex of nine dams in the watershed ostensibly for flood control and
Threats to Resource: recreation.
Garments: SCS reportedly has dropped six of the dams from consideration.
-88-
-------
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Priority WabnrbodyAfetland Listing
Name: Lake Umlyujog
Geographic Limits: Carrbridyo and Coos County
Resource Values: Little development; outstanding wildlife habitat.
Known/Potential Proposed hydro development; twice targeted for deatomaceous earth dredging.
Threats to Resource:
Comments:
-89-
-------
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-------
Priority WaterbodyAfetland Listing
Name; Lake Winnipesauke area wetlands
Geographic Limits: Wetlands in the vicinity of Lake Winnipesauke, Belknap County
Resource Values: Water quality maintenance; aesthetics; fisheries.
Known/Potential Second home development is the primary threat.
Threats to Resource:
Ccmnents:
-------
RHODE ISLAND vjf
-------
GENERAL LISTING
-------
» P
)
m
7*
7 HH1-2
Truitoo Pond NWR
RI-3-2
Rt-3-3
RHODE ISLAND
Scale Appro*. 1:452,57 1
Block I&land NWR
«r m
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E-2
-------
Priority Unt-Mboly/Wetlaiid Listing
Name:
Onostnl mi i-she?:? i tit mi!, i f i ex I by I'M". an 1 i'I Coaslal >un-er. Managi ¦n»-nt f'min«:i I as import ant. Tor
tlie Preservation of Klaok IXick
('.eograph i c Li mUis:
Pettasguamscut.l. Itind (200 acres)
Card lV>nd (100 acres)
Quonoclvmtaug and Winnapaug r\5nds (30 acres nivl B0 acres)
Great Cr^ek Salt Marsh
Colonel Willie Cove
shetri(M (i cove
Mill CroH;
Resource Values:
Pe ttasqmmscutt Ponl- winteriir) black duck
Card Rjnd- wintering black duck, canvasback, and redhead duck
Puonodiontaug anl Winnapaug Portis- wintering black duck and canvasback
Great Creek Salt Marsh- black duck and canvasback
Colonel Wi Hie Cove;- black duck ai»1 canvasl>ack
Sheffield Cove- black duck and canvas I>ick
Mill Creek- black duck ami canvasback
Known/Potent i a1
Threats to Resource:
I^ttasquamscutt ft>nd- possibly threatened
Card rtond- possibly threatened
Quonochontaug and Winnapaug Rsnds- possibly threatened
Comments: FWS (realty) uses three categories of threat: highly threatened
possibly threatened
mostly protected
These areas are by no m?ans a FWS priority list of wetlands for New England, but rather coastal
wetlands important to wintering black ducks, a FWS National Species of Special Rnphasis.
-91-
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IX
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KViS.ul Suit r*k .... B-3 *
Lllir., STATUES (
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City M.iM f>fc. c«>» *»™ r •• I
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Wot^lville
, • \V'*v^ >^Vti s"",mho" (iruZ'z^t,
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., M tiK-JL.. itt r I" ¦ 1*1 Vi . L • 'chnrlostown'T /< o.«n (f^ 1 l\' r. i. ,y>"\
fs sp t p/nrn\ :\- \. Y> . '?$?*' ¦ "¦n/i; W:,^ «:?•Jrr:t4
• ^ 4 \jt<¦¦-¦< r ¦.['¦ ¦ V;
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4 ' ' k 1 ,i
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MOIf
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V'C \")l ^nu'^^/U
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Priority Witorbridy/Wctlanl Listing
Name: Giast a 1 S,i 1t Pi >n
Geographic Limits: South coast of Rhode Islanrl with spnci al attention to Porter; Pond, Cards rond, iv>int Judith
Fbnd, Ninigret FV>nd, and ("Viicksand Ibnd. Also Groat Salt Fbnd, Harbor FOnd, and Shipcove Rind
on Block Island.
Resource Values: Fish spawning; shellfish; shorebirds; high recreational and aesthetic value.
Known/Potential A major increase in residential development including the necessary infrastructure is possible.
Threats to Resource: Significant degradation of water qual i ty will result from large-scale development.
Comments: Rhode Island has recognized the value of these areas in a special area management plan.
-92-
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Priority Via terbody/Wetland Listing
Name: Special Aquatic Sites within the Immediate Watersheds of Surface Drinking Water Impoundments
Geographic Limits: Variable. Approximatey OfK) such iin^xxindinents (539 community supplies; 341 non-cominunity
supplies) exist in Now Rrojland.
Resource Values: W?tlan1s in tlt^se areas will often he important in maintenance of water quality. Likewise,
work in these wetlands has Hie potential to seriously impact water supplies.
Known/Potential Difficult, to predict. Threats to these wetlanls are uncomron, hul are potentially serious.
Threats to Resource: Highway projects, as well as industrial and connrjrcial development seem to be most camron.
Ccwnments: Wbrk in tl«se areeas slnuld automatically trigcpr careful KPA review i»l full coordination with
the WliLer Supply Hranch. Special Conditions will likely apply Lo my permitted projects.
-93-
-------
Priority Woterbody/Wetland Listing
Name: Special Ar|imtic Sites Overlying Sole Sotirce /V|ui Per Ar<\ns
Geographic Limits; Block Island
Resource Values: Rechntge/«1ischarrje; water quality maintenance; many of those wetlanls also have important
values for wildlife and recreation.
Known/Potential Residential rtevelcpment, particularly the construction of vacation and retirement l>*ncs.
Threats to Resource:
Carments: The actual potential for adverse impacts to the aquifer varies on a site-specific tosis and
must be analyzed in each case.
-94-
-------
Priority Waterbody/Wetland Listing
Name: Wetlands identified as iininrtant on state breeding ami bird censuses
Geographic Limits: Variable.
Resource Values: These wetlands have been identified as important Eor breeding birds.
Known/Potential Variable and site-specific; Any 404 regulated work in these areas would require close scrutiny.
Threats to Resource:
Cements: These censuses are in various stages oF publication. Further inFormation about particular
species is; available from t:ho Fish arid Wildlife Service.
-05-
-------
SPECIFIC LISTING
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Priority Wotorlxxly/Atfel;! .i r *1 List i i v j
Norm: Groonwieh I'oy
Geographic Limits; coastal wetlanls, especially Mary's Crook Syr; bin
Resource Values: Important to shellfish management area productivety; larval PirJi dovolopmont.
Known/PDtential Wetlands encroached upon by commercial marina nnd private residential development.
Tiirciats to Resource:
Corments:
-9G-
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Priority tZiti'rlirTly/WpH.iiil f.ir.l iiv)
f-Vm*"': 100 >Vt.v ('«<\/o/ l•-n rii>|lon "iv v."' Is
C.ooqraphic I.imits: fVjrriiv-|!on ,-»nr1 Sr?e!;onk
Rosoutrce Values: Import.™ I t;o «l»-1 I Pish inan«>.pinonL nreios.
Known/I\Jtontial Prinnril y rosii+Mit. ial dovolopiynl:.
Threats to Resource:
Cmroents: This nroo is impact>">1 hy rtjvelrpnnnl: in lioth Massaehu'-ot;t.s aril Rluvlo Island.
-97-
-------
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Priority Waterbody/Vfefclarrl Listing
Name: Kickcmuit Rivor
Geographic Limits: Tbwns of Bristol and Warren
Resource Values: Anadromous resource; includes extensive salt marsh areas.
Kncwn/Potentia 1 Primarily residential development.
Threats to Resource:
Corwnents:
-98-
-------
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Priority WalerfxKly/Vtetl,ir»l r.istiiyj
Name: Lonsdale Marshes
Geographic Limits: Providence County in Contra! Falls
Resource Values: Open floolplain on the Rlackstone River, grass and sedge marsh of high value for waterfowl and
muskrats.
Known/Potentia 1 Serious past encroachments have reduced -the .system to muyhly 2r> acres. Pressure from a
Threats to Resource: variety of existing ant! proposed developments.
Catments:
-99-
-------
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Priority WaterlxTdy/Vfet 1 -tit 1 I.i st iiy]
Name: Uiwr
Oooqrapliic Limits; Within Towns oC Foster and Coventry
Resource Values: An intact, relatively undeveloped system; beaver rind trout pepnl.it ions.
Known/Potential No known Immediate threats, ljut tlie area is not a f Top led any s|*x:ia1 protection.
Threats to Resource:
Confronts:
-100-
-------
-.1 r %'4
r
TH
-------
Priority Watorboly/Wot.lar» 1 Listing
Name: Pa lire? r Rivor
Geographic Limits: Ibwns of Rarrington and Warren
Resource Values: An unspoiled system where such areas are scarce; excellent diversity of community typos;
anadromous fish; rare plants and animals; Atlantic Salmon restoration.
Known/Potential Regulation hy both Rhode Island arri Connecticut; marina develnpment; caimr?rcial and industrial
Threats to Resource: discharges may affect water quality.
Comments:
-101-
-------
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-------
Priority Wot'odioly/Wel.l.irrl Listing
isfcwne: Pawcatuck/Hxxl River Syst em
Geographic Limits: Floalpl^in wetlante
Resource Values: Anartrnnour. fi Rh; klenti fi ol by FWS as a key river in tteir Atlantic Salmon ms ho ration program;
~ watmv*ihf?r fishery? re-creation.
Kir>vn/Potential Piecanaal orcPTflclimcntR upon 1b? florylplain and shoreline.
Threats to Pcsourco:
Commentsi This system is on I:he Nationwide TUvors Inventory.
-102-
-------
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Priority WntorlKjly/VJotl.'trrl T,isti.»vj
Nrwne: Pnwtuxrl Hivor
Geographic Limits: Sou111 branch of tb> Pwtuxet Ui \"M'
Resource Values; Lacrje ex panses of valuable freshwater wetlanls, includi irj rV>) with
Threats to Resource: major ini)v-icts t;o wild Li fro ond recreation.
Ccmnents: Ibis is currently H »> larrjest prrpou^! loss of wetlorrls in the r<>q ion.
-103-
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Priority W'itorl>a1y/Wet1an1 Listing
Name: T\»ttagu<»nscott R i v> ?r
Geographic Limits: Within Towns of North Kingston, South Ki ngslon, ond Narragansott
Resource Values: Anadromous fish, especially alowife; winter Cloumler spawning ha hi tat; striped bass hahitat?
eastern oyster; rare plant species.
Known/Potential Changes in zoning regulations and FPA funded sower projects may lead to increased pressure fron
Threats to Resource: residential development; failure of existing septic systems is also a potential, throat.
Comments: This area is classified by the RI Department of Environmental Management as a Shellfish
Management area. It is also presently in draft stages for a special, area management plan
by the Coastal Resources Management Council.
-104-
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I '• 11 •»AMfnol 0
o
u
I .fill
Ci^cW f
Hock ' .j.Round
Woch e
\ lat r
No< 1«
-------
Priority Watorbaly/Wj'tlarrl List iirj
Name: Potowomut River
Geographic Limits: Warwick and North Kingston
Resource Values: Potential anadramous arrl waterfowl resource; low intensity use estuary includes a goorl
proportion of salt marsh.
Known/Potential Residential risvelopment.
Ihreats to Resource:
Comments:
-105-
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Priority Waterbody/Wetland Listing
Name: Potts Raj
Geographic Limits: Washinjton arrl Kent Counties near Fast Greenwich
Resource Values: 'typical southern New England bog.
Known/Potential Highway construction and a rapidly developing area.
Threats to Resource:
Comments:
-106-
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-------
GENERAL LISTING
-------
Priority Waterbody/Wetlard Listing
Name: Special Aquatic Sites within the Immediate Watersheds 'if Surface Drinking Witor Tm|ioundnr!ntR
Geographic Limits: Variable. Approxiinately RTO such impoundments (539 cnnimin ity supplies; 34] non-cnmmunity
supplies) exist in New England.
Resource Values: Wetlands in the93 areas will often be important in maintenance of water quality. Likewise,
work in these wetlands has the potential to seriously impact water supplies.
Known/Potential Difficult to predict. Threats to these wetlands are uncomnon, but are potentially serious.
Threats to Resource: Highway projects, as well as industrial and commercial development seem to be most common.
Conments: Wbtk in these areas should automatically trigger careful EPA review and full coordination with
the Water Supply Branch. Special Conditions will likely apply to any permitted projects.
-107-
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Priority Wnb»rlvxly/Wetl ar»1 Listing
Name: Vtetlands identiCiotl ns important on state broiling ai*1 bird a>nsur.'>R
Geographic Limits: Varietole.
Resource Values: "These wetlands have been identified as important for breeding birds.
Known/Potential Variable and site-specific; Any 404 regulated wrk in these areas would require close scrutiny.
Threats to Resource:
Conments: These censuses are in various stages of publication. Further information about particular
species is available from the Fish and Wildlife Service.
-108-
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Ul
V,
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Sl^oreham, ,.7 1
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Bethel
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East
Barnard
North Pomfret 0
Or- Pomfret
« T.ibt
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Mention stM,f|l|iriMJ
Center
Pro< tor
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y J\J | I I Hndi'.ewaler/ Bridgewdtor
\ 11Soiitti Pimfret P I L I
0 HartfordHi ,jf J .
\ Queihte., White^p.
I 1 Rivrr^' I fhanon ^ ETrtfield
West Woo«lstock Woodsl6f.k
} «fPlympufh —_
s' Plymouth Union
Windsor.'
^ j ^ Reading
libilTt yTyson'i ^ J
1 f,elchville,l j/ .. r
(• ' ^3/50 •AscutucJ
1 II
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t Whitcsville f .
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Arlington/ .. , A , , ^
ortt> Claremlon
N Shiewcbuty
Clareudon
Shiewshfiry
UCuttiuoViltti
Mount
Watlinuford I , Heoldv.ll
i-Belmont / G-
Tarttelville r:
^^Mount 1
Tabor I
Gassetts
~~ir~—
North Oorset
¦Wuston F.e,,s^vi|le
Simonsviller-
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nndonderry
South Londonderry
% Wiriifh.iin
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^ N M3rtlanjji.>y,r~?^
South Woodstock
Hartland four Coiniirs v
Hartland^.,
:: t
i| Un^>inoncJsviHe
r W Canaan
Orange
Canaan
, 0 infield Cunttf
Eabt^J
A' . Piaintield
teru Graljon
Grafton C
u Meriden
ainlield
Spiin{:field
«>Cornisli Flat 1
Grantham'
t Aiulover'v
^Teyl\ S U L LI V AN 7,
; . J \ 1 Nortti Newport1.*-^ Sonjpet*tJ , [ 1
„ ( \ f XCIaremonL^M ' , I nto
r>P«rkinsviHe 1 I j . ro V #
> T ^ ^ Jf> 'fNewport '<
*7 Kblluyville wl;' ,/V j*"'
N Springfield ^
i./North Charlestown .
f, oGoshe
Springfield" . 1/ .Unity fast
J Ut
^ i Charlesto
^Chester Depot
Chester
Unity
V.
Elkins F>'
'' Wilnmt
New IonJon
Stihsl
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North Sutt.M
/
.utlon >
v bury i,Suulh Sutto
M
Waleilr-o
» Melvm M
Rorkincham \ I r.
wn
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South Acwnftti
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Win>Hi
-------
Priority Wntort~>oly/Wo1:1. a r» 1 Listing
Name: of Rutland aivl V7i ni Coiinl i<»r:
CV'nqrnphic Limits: Goun 1/ 1 i nor,
Resource Values: Water qmI i ty nointenance; f lo*l storage; f ir>h arrl wildlife use; recreation.
Known/Potential Major impacts are from ro.K)w>rk, shoppiixj mall «levelo|)iiionts, aijrinilture, '""'<1 expansion or ski
Threats to Resource: areas anl spinoff velq>m"ni s.
Conwnts:
-] 09-
-------
SPECIFIC LISTING
-------
Priority Watorbody/Wotlaril Listing
Name: Ab!x?y Pond
Geographic Limits; Ripton, Addison County
Resource Values: Classified as a significant natural area by the Vermont Nature Conservancy ami an
area in need of protection by the \fennont Natural Resources Council.
Known/Potential Rjtential for pondsir)re development, although no proposals at this time.
Threats to Resource:
Comments:
-110-
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' i/VMK
' !< vT.\Tt \
J^SK \
Piattsburr^m
>;>-
¦
c~. Oo-5»»«
E J
V
V-
hU-TCSn Fr.Cf#
-------
Priority Waterbody/Vfetland Listing
Name: Lake Champlain
Geographic Limits: Vfetlards bordering the eastern shore of the lake (Chitterrien, Franklin and /Nddison Counties)
Resource Values: Flood storage; nutrient control; aesthetics; water quality maintenance; fish and wildlife
habitat; some invertebrate species unique to Vermont.
Known/Potential Burlington, \fermont is one of the fastest growing areas in the United States. New road
Threats to Resource: construction, commercial development, home building, and marina development are all threats
to the resource.
torments:
-111-
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Priority Ritorbcdy/Vletlanrl Listing
Name: Chickoriirj IWj
Geographic Limits; Calais, Washington County
Resource Values: Classified as a significant natural area by the Vermont Nature Conservancy and
area in need of protection by the Vermont Natural Resources Council.
Known/Potential Timber harvesting.
Threats to Resource:
Comnents: Part of this bog is owned by the Nature Conservancy.
-112-
-------
Coates Island
School No 4
Cem
Eayside
Elakey Sch
Shipman Hill
Pine
Island
'Oq
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>/
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Priority Wntorbaly/Wot1ar»1 f.istiirj
Name: Colchester rv^j
Geographic Limits; Colchester, Chittenien County
Resource Values; Classified as a significant natural area by the Vermont Nature Conservancy and an
area in need of protection by the Vermont Natural Resources Council.
Known/Potential None known at this time.
Threats to Resource;
Gcmnents;
-113-
-------
^ M
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FiGUP.c III -1. RIVERS INCLUDED IN THE PROPOSED ACTION.
-------
Priority Hil',rl>f'ily/,.J^H.ml l.isl in|
Name:
Olographic Limits:
Resource Values:
Knavn/Potential
Threats to Resource:
Comnents:
CX>nilral: ion
plan, farr|est jxpnlation of sha northeast. Ifahi tat Tor >v"ra 1 species; of federally
proposed threabMKxl inverl.dnvilos atd orv onhcnic vetch. Also nuiir>rous plants, animals, and
natural eonmunities of: stale and regional si<|ni ficance.
Hiqhly vari^le, rartji.uj rr«»n |xwr also ipnoralo
environmental concerns.
-114-
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?Yiori ty tor;lx^iy/Wetl.ml Listing
Name: Cornwa] 1 Swarn| >
Geographic Limits: Addison County, Cornwall, Vermont
Resource Values: Vast swamp dominated by red maple and seasonally flooded flatlands bordering Otter Crook;
flood storage; recharge/discharge functions; fish and wildlife. Provides habitat for one
federally proposed endangered plant species. Also numerous other plant species of state and
regional significance.
Known/Potential Timbering and agriculture.
Threats to Resource:
Corrments:
-115-
-------
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Priority VJalorbaly/WnU .ml T ,i st inq
Name: Dead Crot^k Marsh
Geographic Limits: Addison, Panton, Addison County
Resource Values: Classified as a significant natural area by the Vermnnt Nature Conservancy and an
area in need of protection by the Vermont Natural Resources Council.
Known/Potential Potential for marsh shoreline development.
Threats to Resource:
Conments:
-116-
-------
Priority Wa to rbaly/Wetl and Listing
Name: Dorset Marsh
Geographic Limits: Dorset, Rennington County
Resource Values: Classified as a significant natural area by the Vermont Nature Conservancy and an
area in need of protection by the \fermont Natural Resources Council.
Known/Potentia1 Creation of fastland for second homes.
Threats to Resource:
Garments:
-117-
-------
Beadle3
Cove,J JJ;
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Priority VJnl:r>rl>o1y/l\Jol l.vnl Li si iir]
Name: Pi.f: i«> 1 * 1 i '>nd IV >|
Geographic Limits: Wallingfonl, Rutlar»1 County
Resource Values: Classifier! as a significant natural area by the Vermont Nature Conservancy and an
area in need of protection by the Vermont Natural Resources Council .
Known/Potential Timber harvesting.
Threats to Resource:
Comments:
-119-
-------
Priority Waterbody/Wetland Listing
Name: Franklin Bog
Geographic Limits: Franklin, Franklin County
Resource Values: Classified as a significant natural area by the Vermont Nature Conservancy arid an
area in need of protection by the Vermont Natural Resources Council.
Known/Potential Timber harvesting.
Threats to Resource:
Coinnents:
-120-
-------
Priority WriterlHTdy/Wot1.;ml r.i stiiyj
Name: Intervals
Geographic Limits: Burlington, Chittenien County
Resource Values: Classified as a significant natural area by the Vermont Nature Conservancy and an
area in need of protection by the Vermont Natural Resources Council.
Known/Potential Landfill leaching; housing developments.
Threats to Resource:
Comnents:
-121-
-------
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Priority Wntorboly/Wotlnnd Listing
Nan**: long l\>nd Swamp
Geographic Limits: Grecnrslioro, Orleans County
Resource Values: Classi Ei«ii as a signiFicant natural area by the Vermont Nature Conservancy and an
area in need of protection by the Vermont Natural Resources Council.
Known/Potentia 1 Timber harvesting; shoreline dovclrpmont.
Threats to Resource:
Comments:
-122-
-------
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Priorily Wat<1 rb' wal "r;I> vi lyinrj wil.hin tlio Unity*! Flvilys inoliHi iyj dir-cl t r i!>nt ar ion an I
adjacent vntl/indR. (Orleans County)
Resource Values: Cold wo'vr fislx'ry; ro;nvii.ion; nosHi >l.ics; wi Mli. fy kilutnl.
Known/Potential Agriculture; rmiiJcnM.il dr>voIo|)fnnnt; water qua I i ty d«H| radar ion.
Threats to Resource:
Corm»onts:
-1 21-
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Priori 1 y n xly/lfM 1 ,ml !,i r,l iiy|
Nan*--: Mi'-sirvju'U Mur.h
Geographic Limits: Swanbon, Highyate, Franklin County
Resource Values: Classified as a significant natural area by the Vermont Nature Conservancy and an
area in neol of protection by the Vermont Natural Resources Council.
Known/Potentia 1 None known at this time.
Threats to Resource:
Oorments:
-124-
-------
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HYDE PARK. VT.
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1953
AMS 6473 II SEMES V/IJ
-------
Priority WTtnrt»oly/Vfc-?tlar»i Listing
Name: Molly Hog
Geographic Limits: Morristown, Lamoille County
Resource Values: Classifiol as a significant natural area by tb? Vermont Nature Consc?rvancy and on
area in need of protection by the Vermont Natural Resources CounHl.
Known/Potential Housing envelopments; timber harvesting.
Threats to Resource:
Corrments:
-125-
-------
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Priority Walorbaly/W-.M:larrl Listing
Nome: rV;ai~h,iMi Iv¦*|
Geographic Limits: Ffeachain, Giledonin County
Resource Values: Classi fi.erl as a significant natural area by the Vermont Nature C»nsnrvaney and an
area in need of7 protection by the Vermont Natural Resources Council.
Known/Potentia1 None known at this time.
Threats to Resource:
Ccnrnonts:
-126-
-------
Priori ':y Wat^rboly/Wotland List ir>q
Name: Ftownal P«xj
Geographic Limits; ftownal, Fv»nnimjhon County
Resource Values: Classified as a significant natural area by the Vermont Nature Conservancy and an
area in need of protection by the \fcnmnt Natural Resources Council .
Known/Potential Nbne knaffl at this time.
Threats to Resource:
Comments:
-127-
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Geographic Limits: I«ic«s?b*r, Solislmry, ftin rouuiy
Resource Values; Class ifi."jr.vancy and wn
area in n<-- Vcnn >nl- Natural Rorsiurces Cotiiv > 1 .
Known/Potential Potential. Tor I. iml»>r h u:vo *,t i ivj.
Threats to Resource:
Comments:
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' ' ..'!'¦' / * , r [ : l/v '1,1:1!if '¦ '•
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-------
Priority Watertxxly/Vtetlanri Listing
Name: SarKllnr m.t rsh
Geographic Limits: Milton, Chittenden County
Resource Values: Classified as a significant natural area by the Vermont Nature Conservancy and an
area in need of protection by the \fermont Natural Resources Council.
Known/Potential None knewn at this time.
Threats to Resource:
Garments:
-129-
-------
Priority Waterbody/Wetland Listing
Name: Scanton Bog
Geographic Limits: BranIon, Rutland County
Resource Values; Classified as a significant natural area by the Vermont Nature Conservancy ami an
area in need of protection by the Vermont Natural Resources Council.
Known/Potential Water level alterations fran darnminq.
Threats to Resource:
Conrnents:
— 130-
-------
Priority Wcitnrboty/Wctlanrl Listing
Name: Vernon Blrtck Ckirn Swamp
Geographic Limits: \fernon, Windham County
Resource Values: Classified as a significant natural area by the Vermont Nature Conservancy and an
— area in need of protection by the Vermont Natural Resources Council.
Known/Potential Timber harvesting.
Threats to Resource:
Corwnents:
-131-
-------
friorily l\tit<>rlxidy/Wotlnn1 Listing
Nnnni: West Rutland Marsh
Geographic Limits: West Rutland, Rutland County
Resource Values; Classified as a significant natural area by the Vermont Nature Conservancy and an
area in need of protection by the Vermont Natural Resources Council.
Known/Potential Industrial development.
IVireats to Resource:
Comments:
-132-
-------
APPENDIX I
COPY OF REGIONAL INFORMATION REQUEST LETTER
-------
[ADDRESS]
Dear [NAME]:
The Environmental Protection Agency is revising and updating its
List of Priority Wetlands for New England (copy attached). This
list, first compiled in May, 1985, identifies wetlands and other
waterbodies that we believe are of high value or which are in danger
of environmental degradation. As such it identifies areas that may
benefit from additional protection beyond what is provided by cur-
rent state and federal regulatory programs. Those areas that are
not currently on the list still receive full protection under the
existing laws. This list was compiled after consultation with many
knowledgeable people in New England.
However, the present list is by no means complete. There are
probably areas that should be included that are not. There may
also be areas that are listed as priority wetlands/waterbodies that
should not be because they are already adequately protected by some
other means or, unfortunately, have already been degraded or
destroyed.
EPA has several authorities wi th which to provide additional protec-
tion to priority resources. Under 5404(c) of the Clean Water Act,
EPA may prohibit or restrict dredge or fill discharges into waters
of the United States, including wetlands. Although 404(c) is
commonly thought of as our "veto" authority over Corps permits, it
is important to note that it can be used to designate areas in
advance of any discharge. In addition, EPA can initiate a planning
process called "Advanced Identification of Disposal Sites" (AIS).
This procedure, described in Section 230.80 of the EPA 404(b)(1)
Guidelines, allows EPA and the Corps, in cooperation with state and
local authorities to identify sites as being unsuitable (or
suitable) for the discharge of dredged or fill material. Again,
this mechanism can be used prior to the receipt of permit applica-
A-l
-------
tions by the Corps of Engineers. Unlike 404(c) an AIS designation
does not prohibit or restrict work in a given area, but provides an
advance indication of whether a permit application is likely to be
approved or denied. Both authorities can protect valuable re-
sources while reducing the controversy that now often surrounds
major 404 permit applications since developers should be aware of
these designations before committing resources to a project. Both
of these approaches are excellent planning tools which mesh well with
state and local wetland protection efforts. In cases where re-
sources are threatened by illegal dredge and fill work, EPA could
develop a strategy to improve our enforcement presence in the area.
Your assistance in updating this list of priority wetlands and
waterbodies is essential. Because you are more familiar with the
wetland resources in your area, we request that you review the
existing list for accuracy and completeness, and suggest any needed
changes. We would like to know the present status of the wetlands
and waterbodies on the list. Should any of the entries be deleted?
Which should be accorded further protection through AIS or 404(c)?
Are there wetlands or other waterbodies in your area that are not
on the list that should be? It is important that you include your
reason for any suggested changes.
We would appreciate your response by August 10, 1986 as we must
provide headquarters with an updated list by August 15, 1986. If
you have any questions, please contact either Para Shields
(617-223-0766) or Tom Addison (617-2 23-0 721). Thank you for your
assistance.
Si ncerely ,
David A. Fierra
Director, Water Management Division
Attachment
cc: J. Meagher, OFA (A-104)
G. Peck, OFA (A-104)
A-2
-------
Mr. Michael A. Aurelia
72 Oak Ridge Street
Greenwich, CT 06830
Mr. J.A. Davis Banks
Preserve the Wetlands, Inc.
P.O. Bdx 8, Rov;=tton Station
Norwalk, CT 06853
Mr. Dennis Cunningham, Director cc: Rick Huntley
Kater Resources Unit Maria Butts
Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection
165 Capitol Avenue
Hartford, CT 06115
!Mr. Dennis P. DeCarli
Deputy Commissioner
Preservation and Conservation Division
Department of Environmental Protection
State Office Building
Hartford, CT 06106
Mr. Michael Ludwig
¦National "ari.ne Fisheries Service
212 Rogers Avenue
Milford, CT 06460
•Rea King McO.rty
Heritage Lend Preservation Trust, Inc.
Box 596
Torrington, CT 06790
Ms. Nancy I-'urray
Natural Resources Center
165 Capitol Avenue, Room 553
Hartford, CT 06106
Dr. John R=iger
""Connecticut Audubon Society
2325 Burr Street
Fairfield, CT 06430
Mr. John F. Reilly III
Connecticut Wildlife Federation
27 Washington Street
Middle town, CT 06457
Mr. Art Rogue
Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection
Planning and Coordination/ Coastal Management
71 Capitol Avenue
Hartford, CT 06106
A-3
-------
Ms, Suzanne C. VJilkins
Land Trust Service Bureau
Box MMM, Wesleyan Station
Middletown, CT 06457
Dr. Barry L. Wulff
Natural Resources of Connecticut, Inc.
234 Main Street
P.O. Box 72
Danbury, CT 06810
Spercer Apollonio, Commissioner
Department of Marine Resources
State Office Building
Augusta, ME 04333
Mr. Teco Brown, Director
Division of Licensing and Review
Bureau of Land Quality Control
Maine Department of Environmental Protection
State House, Station 17
Augusta, ME 04333
Mr. Charles Hewett
Maine Audubon Society
Gilsling Farm
118 U.S. Route Cne
Falmouth, ME 04105
Glenn H. Manuel, Canmissioner
Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife
284 State Street
Augusta, ME 04333
Mr. Eon Witherill
Maine Department of Environmental Protection
Bureau of land Quality Control
State House, Station 17
Augusta, ME 04333
Mr. Harold E. Woodsom
Maine Coast Heritage Trust
P.O. Box 426
Northeast Harbor, ME 04662
Mr. Gordon Abbott, Jr.
Trustees of Reservations
224 Adams St.
Milton, MA 02186
-------
Dr. Henry Art, Chairman
Department of Biology
Williams College
Williamstown, MA 01267
Lincoln, MA 01773
Mr. Gsr&rd A. Bertrand
Massachusetts Audubon Society
SOUuh Great rCad
Lincoln, *•". 01773
Ms. Lois Bruinooge, Director
Massachusetts Association of Conservation Commissions
Lincoln-Filene Center
Tufts University
Medford, MA 02115
Ms. Priseilia Chapman
Sierra Club
New England Chapter
3 Joy Street
Boston, MA 02108
Mr. Gary Clayton, Acting Director
Division of Watlands and Waterways Regulation
Department of Enviromental Quality Engineering
One Winter Street
Boston, MA 02108
Mr. Philip G. Coates, Director
Division of Marine Fisheries
State Office Rjilaing
100 Cambridge Street
Boston, MA 02202
Mr. Richard Crcnin, Director
Division of Fisheries and Wildlife
State Office Building
100 Cambridge Street
Boston, MA 02202
Mr. Richard Dslaney, Director cc: Mike Penny
Massachusetts Coastal Zone Management
100 Cambridge Street
Bostonf Ma 02203
Mr. Paul Kress
Massachusetts Wildlife Federation
295 East Riding Drive
Carlisle, MA 01741
A-5
-------
Dr. Aimlee D. Laderman
P.O. Box 689
Woods Hole, MA 02543
Mr. Howard Larsen, Regional Director
Fish and Wildlife Service, Region V
U.S. Department of the Interior
One Gateway Center, Suite 700
Newtcn Corner, MA 02153
Amherst, MA 01003
Dr. Joseph S. Larson
Environmental Institute
University of Massachusetts
Amherst, MA 01003
Mr. William F. Lawless, Chief cc: Mike Sheehan, Walt ham COE
Regulatory Branch A1 Laraway, VT COE
Operations Division
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
New England Division
424 Trapelo Ftoad
Waltham, MA 02254
Mr. Chris Mantzaris
National Marine Fisheries Service
Federal Building, 14 Elm Street
Gloucester, MA 01930
Dr. Norton Nickerson
Department of Biology
Barnum Hall
Tufts University
Medford, MA 02155
Ms. Arleen O'Donnell
Massachusetts Audubon Society
Lincoln, MA 01773
Ms. Jenny Oemland
New England Rivers Center
3 Joy Street
Boston, MA 02108
Mr. Dennis E. Vtolkoff
The Nature Conservancy
294 V7ashington Street
Boston, MA 02108
Dr. Alan P. Annan
U.S. Soil Conservation Service
Federal Building
Durham, NH 03824
A—6
-------
Mr. Charles E. Barry, Exucutive Director
Fish c.r.~ G3~e Dspartnent
34 Bride- Street
Conccro:r-i 03301
•:r. Lesley Corey, Jr.
Audubon Society of New Hampshire
P.O. Bex 5283
3 Silk Fam ?.oai
Concord, \"H 02331
Ms. Jans Doughty
Seacoast Anti-Pollution League
5 Market Street
Portsrouth, NH 03301
Mr Alan Crabtree, Executive Director
Fish and Gans Department
34 Bridge Street
Concord, KH C33C1
Mr. Eelbert Downing, Chairman
New Hampshire Wetlands Board
State of Hampshire
37 Pleasant Street
Concord, N'H 03301
Dr. Martin !'ichener
126 Pitches Spring Road
Hoi lis, \:K 03049
Ms. Marjorie Swope
New Hampshire Association of Conservation Commissions
54 Portsmouth Street
Concord, NH 03301
Mr. Michael Annannmo
Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management
38 State Street
Providence, FI 02908
Mr. Victor Bell
Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management
38 State Street
Providence, RI 02908
Mr. John M. Cronan, Chief
Division of Fish and Wildlife
Washington County Government Center
Tower Hill 'toad
Wakefield, RI 02879
A-7
-------
Mr. Alfred L. Hawkes
Audubon Society of Rhode Island
40 Bowen Street
Providence, RI 02903
Mr. Peter Janaros, Chief
Division of Land Resources
Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management
38 State Street
Providence, RI 02908
Mr. Jchn Lyons, Chairman
Coastal Resources Management Council
State of Rhode Island
60 Davis Street
Providence, RI 02908-5080
Dr. E.B. Henson
102 Adams Street
Burlington, VT 05401
Mr. Stephen B. Syz
Water Resources Planner
Agency of Environmental Conservation
Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering
Montpelier, VT 05602
Norman E. Wright, Commissioner
Fish and Wildlife Department
State Office Building
Montpelier, VT 05602
A-3
-------
APPENDIX II
COPIES OF RESPONSES TO REGIONAL LETTER
-------
STATE OF CONNECTICUT
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
NATURAL HESOLT.CES CENTEP.
165 Cspitol Aver.ue, Eoon 553
Hertford, Connecticut CCjOS
Connecticut Natural Diversity Data Base
?:r Shields
US-I?A
J7.I rederal EuiidinC
21£t Floor
Eos ten, MA 02203
July 17, 1986
Lci-r Ms. Shields,
The following is in response to your re quest for infornation
cr. three areas in Connecticut, 1) Stratfore-Great Meadows, 2)
Car.aa r.-F;cbbins Swanp- and 3) Norfolk-Bradford Nountain Swanp.
The Data Ease contains extant and historic locations of
Federally endancered and threatened species, CT "Species of
Concern", critical habitats, end Natural Area Inventory
.wi.. Cur information is the compilation of recent ar.d historic
dz-s. from nuseun collections, literature sources, field
; i•. Li. ati or.s and research projects. Lata on endantered or
threatened species or Species of Special Concern is very
sensitive and not meant for general public lrnowledce.
In 1972, the CT Forest and Pari: Association, Inc. prepared a
1'itural Areas Inventory of 459 sites. These were noninated as
cirnificant areas for one or nore of the following reasons:
r-edc-ic, biologic, hydrolocic, archecloric, aesthetic,
cultural or research/educational aspects. A site receives no
lizal ctatus or protection fron inclusion on the Inventory.
The Stratford Great Meadows Natural Area is a sicnificant
b:.rJ.ofic area. It is one of the last renaininn extensive salt
;.:b-itr.ts in the- rtcte. Salt r-archec arc cor.c idared a
critical habitat in Connecticut as Lore than 50« of our coastal
r.arc hlands have been destroyed through development since the turn
cC the century. The Great Keadovre also provide habitat for a
nur.ber of CT Species of Special Concern. These ere listed below.
' : r-.rzr iz lor.^icruc.r-Unland Sandpioer-Obeerved redularly in narsh
frc_ 18C2-E4.
Ixobr^chus exilic-Least Eittern-Confirced nesting in 1985.
Atr.r or ni sa r.ari tira-Seas ide Sparrow-interectinc , habitat licited
.ir. CT. A " I. L c record irc'.ic. tc.r possible breedinr.
-------
?C- ~ 1 lyr.bus podicens-Pied-billed Grebe-Confirmed nesting in 19E5.
C-'l 1 inula chloropus-Common Moorhen-1975 nesting record, no
additional inforcation.
Sterna antillarun-Least Tern- The terns use the tidal flats and
marsh as feeding areas adjacent to their nesting grounds on
Long Beach, Bridgeport.
Robbins Swamp Natural Area is also a highly significant area
biologically and ecologically. The area is a dense hardwood
svanp that includes a calcareous seepage swamp and a calcareous
fen. It is nearly impenetrable in most areas. Robbins Swamp is
the largest inland wetland in the state and has a great diversity
cf flora and fauna. Tae Nature Ccr.servancy owns a segment cf the
and the State also owns scne scattered parcels. A r_r.ber
of CT Species of Special Concern are found here as well.
i.itella nuda-Lesser Kiterwort-Collected in 1382.
C:. rex oli.^ocarra-Sedge. historically collected in 1952, only
collection from this town.
I u "'a occidental is -Atlantic V.'hi-ce Cedar- Collected first. in 1=02,
IS25 L 1932. Observed a~ain in 1SS5.
C:"r>ri"pediuc rerinae-Showy Ladies'-s1ipper- This orchid was
collected many times historically and relocated in 1S32.
Carex castanea-Sec?e-Collected in 1909, 1934 and 1932.
b.?irous oendulus-A Bulrush-Collected in 1909, relocated in 19£2.
Petasites palcatus var . friPidus-Palnate-leaved Sweet Coltsfoot-
Observed in 19S2, again in 19S4 "abundant".
r:.rd_~ ine dcj"l" :sil-?,.,rrle Cre?s-A few plants observed in 19S3 .
Schisachne puruurascens-False Melic Grass-Observed in 1SS4.
f'-ercus nacrocar?a-£ur Oak-Observed in 1934.
Trc 11 ius la::us ssp. lr ::ug -Spreading Globe Flower-Cn the Federal
Erdar.gered and Threatened Plant list as a category 3C.
Collected in lie -. , 1SE2, 1SS4 and observed a~ain in 1935.
Crttus co.^nati?s-Slir.y Sculpin-Specimen taken in 1968 fron
Kollenbeck River, no additional information available.
-------
The sweep at the base of Bradford Mountain has a 1976
record for the Great Blue Heron, (Ardea herodias) . The
i-^r.Lern half of the swamp is state-owned. No other information
is available for the site. Since it is not labelled on the
•».:tv;r£.phic sheet, I have enclosed a cap of this swanp in order
to verify that it is the site you are interested in.
ThE.nk you for contacting the Data Base, I hope this inforna-
tion is helpful and if you have any questions or we may be of
further assistance do not hesitate to call.
Sincerely,
/'uV^> —
/)
Me£--n Rollins
Data Handler
-------
STATE OF CONNECTICUT
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
COASTAL AREA MANAGEMENT PROGRAM
August 19, 1SS6
;:r. David A. Fierra
Director, Water Management Div.
Ir.vircr.mental Protection Agency
F.sjricn 1
J.F. Kennedy Federal Building
Boston, MA 02203
Dear Mr. Fierra ,
Thank you for an opportunity to review and comment upon your
"List of Priority Wetlands." Copies of your correspondance and
the wetland listings were circulated to all units in the
Department of Environmental Protection with wetland planning,
r.ar.agement or regulatory functions for review and comment.
Cedents received from these units are attached and contained in
appendices A through E. As you can judge from the comments, the
criteria used to determine a wetlands of high value is variable.
In the time alloted, it was not possible to develop uniform
criteria anc ciscuss these further amongst the units. Therefore
I choose to transmit to the comments as they were received from
various units.
I anticipate that the new wetland listings of high value
vstlands will contain a mix of wetland of high and low value and-
sve-n favorite backyard wetlands. To minimize this problem, EPA
f.;.c*id carefully critique nominated wetlands and assure they megt
certain minimum requirements. In order to develop a complete and
accurate list of wetlands of high value for Connecticut, EPA
i.-.cuid consider convening a wetland workshop in Connecticut ..J.
/.ttencees should include staff from DEP, scientists from the
acz:Der.ic institutions and other wetland experts located in
Connecticut. A workshop would allow for discussion amongst the
:¦" :-=s for the purpose of deciding which wetlands are in fact
Y.'ith respect to threatened wetlands, there is a general
concensus in DEP that there are no tidal wetlands that are
threatened as a result of new proposals because of the strength
the tical wetlands act. No major or significant alterations
of tical wetland have occurred in Connecticut since 1969. In
rc:"iering the annotations for most of the wetland sites in
Connecticut pertaining to threat, it is clear that most of the
recorded threats are not real or minor. EPA should carefully
critique the information provided to them by commentors before
an arcs s.s threatened or for the reasons provided.
gh value.
1( 5 Capitol Avenue • Hartford. Connecticut 0M06
.v",..'— Offi-n. ; L»:;>nncr
-------
Mr. Fierra
2
August 19, 1986
The EPA rust be more careful in screening the information
provided to them if the resulting list is to be useful and
contain accurate information.
Again, thank you for the opportunity to review ana commen
en this initiative. If you have any comments regarding the
attachments, please give me a call at 203-566-7404.
Sincerely,
Run nozsa
Ecologist
RR/rr
Enclosures
-------
COMMENTS REGARDING THE 'LIST OF PRIORI TV •¦'E7LANDS'
The first EPA's initiative generated a listing of wetland
s;*.es in May 19S5 that were knovn to be threatened. Threat
::.ceec is a relative tera. Although there have been numerous
projects proposed that would have destroyed valuable tidal
vet lands areas for example, the strength of the Tidal Wetland Act
has precluded all but minor activities with acceptable impacts.
For the most part then, no tidal wetland is threatened by
activities that would be considered significant. Parallel
authority exists at the federal level which usually results in
the same level of protection for tidal wetlands and coastal water
habitats. For comments regarding the states inland wetland
program, see comments compiled by the Water Resources Unit
(appendix E).
Each wetland recorded in the list of priority wetlands are
accompanied by a statement pertaining to 'Known/potential threats
to resources." For the most part, these statements are not
correct and are misleading. Here are some examples for
Connect icut:
1. Special Aquatic Sites in Coastal Middlesex County. New and
significant marina development and expansion are not likely
since most of the available shoreline without tidal wetland
has been utilized. There is no condominium development in
v.rtlar.ds or aquatic habitats by virtue of the Tidal Wetlands
Act, the Coastal Management Act and Section 404 of CWA. I
knor cf no ccnsicer&ble unauthorized activities in this area.
2. Norwalk Islands. First, I see no connection with the
designation of Chimon's Island as a wildlife refuge and
increased property value. In recent years there have been a
number of development proposals for these islands (which by
the way are principally upland and not subject to 404
jurisdiction); the lack of adequate groundwater supplies,
r.eeci for on-site septic systems, absence of bridges and the
flood hazard nature of certain islands severely limit the
amount of development that could occur in the Norwalk
Islands.
3. Housatonic River. The mining activities in this River are
relatively minor and benign. This is perhaps one of the most
turbid tidal rivers in the state but the source of this
turbidity is not clear. PCB's are a general problem
throughout the river although I can not attest to the
significance of the problem.
4. Morris Creek. Here too the state and federal permit programs
have been and will be effective in curtailing destruction of
valuable and productive wetlands. The area that will be
filled by the Industrial Parkis primarily an old COE dredged
c is pc-i-a 1 arec that, v/as nev-r properly cev.aterea. Today it is
ftiil vet and si:r>orts a monoculture of Phragmites, nearly 80
-------
acres in extent. V.'hile this area right technically be
classified as wetland, it possesses very few of the important
wetland functions.
5*. Mystic River. I know of no industrial development on this
river. Residential development would be located on upland
habitat and would not affect the quality of the aquatic
habitats in this River.
6. Pine Creek. The mentioned proposals would require state ana
federal permits. The threat is a potential but not a real
one.
7. Saugatuck River. Ineffective state protection is an
incorrect statement. Permitted projects have allowed for
minor alteration of degraded wetlands for acceptable
activities. Wetland restoration has also been the
requirement for a number a projects. However compensation
has never been used to purchase the ability to destroy
wetland.
S. Great Meadows. Most of the development is confined to
wetland areas that were diked ana filled prior to 1950 or so.
No major wetland fill permits have been issued for this area
since the passage of the tidal wetlands act.
"A should carefully review the ir.i :-r.-;-.tion that t.-.ey are
receiving from commentors and verify the accuracy of these
st iterr.ents.
Rather than establish a list of threatened areas which is a
difficult or impossible task, EPA should consider the use the
Connecticut Geological and Natural History Survey's "Natural
Diversity Database" for information when reviewing a project.
See enclosed brochure regarding this program.
Ir. addition to threatened areas, EPA is requesting information
regarding areas of high value. Unless EPA applies carefully
constructed criteria to the areas nominated as a result of this
request, many backyard and ho-hum wetlands will be incorporated
ir.tc the final list. Although EPA should consider the addition
or .AD—L££&J{icie listing icr a 11 11c~al v:e11ands in Connecticut,
below is a list of Tfigh value"1 tidal wetland areas iiv6:u
statewide perspective.
TIDAL Y.'ETLAXD AREAS OF 'HIGH VALUE'
1. Little Narragansett Bay, Stonington. Extremely productive
bay for shellfish, finfish and extensive eelgrass beds. High
water quality. 1300 acres
-------
ci ?t 'J r: l r. :¦c-, sc-vertl detail*? s i e r. t i £ i c studies have been
c~r:c'ur:c: the estuary and ti::al vetZi-nds ;Connecticut
CoIlege .>; rare plants arc animals present '242 acres)
Sric.e Ercol: Esiuary, East Lyr.~. Extensive and unusual tidal
vet lar.c ecosystem, rare birds present
%
Corr.rCTicu: River Estuary ana Jresr: Tical ?.iver(see attached
L-ti-erl. An area of ir.xers~i.te ar.c nsticncl sigcifiotace;
supports Cc r.r.ecticut' s most important ar.adrcmous fisheries;
restored filer quality and fish ladders have alloved for
restoration of Atlantic Salmon; Sturgeon are in or may be in
the River; tidal wetlands - an assemblage of polyhaline,
mesohaline, oligohaline and fresh tidal vetlar.ds that are
outstanding - such an ecosystem is found nowhere else in the
northeast north of the Chesapeake Bay (the Hudson River
supports a limited example of these); area supports a
multitude of rare plants and animals
Threat: The most serious threat is the proposed diversion of
vater lrc~ the River for use in the 3oston area. Diversion
in spring and summer could change the position of average
water levels vhich- in turn cculd adversely affect the
zonation of vegetation on the tical wetlands. ?.'ore
i ".y o. ~ -y , z.iv rr £ -t- o u _ a —Ut -i t..= c—t T.-ater v.ecge to
nov e upstream and destroy prime freshwater tidal vet lanes and
replace these ».'ith brackish vetlands, perhaps dominated by
W w o •
Listed below are outstanding wetland areas;
a. Great and Upper Island, 01c Lyme. Poly and mesohaline
tical vetlend; one of the largest tidal vetland
ecosystems in Connecticut; supports several rare plants
and animals. Principal threat is the increase in
Phragmites for no apparent reason. 1350 acres.
b. Ragged Rock Creek. Mesohaline tical wetland dominated by
Tybha an^ustiiclia. Probably contains several rare
species. 400 acres
c. Hyde Point. Mesohaline tidal vetland, probably contains
several rare species. 110 acres
d. Lores Cove, Lyme and Old Lyme, Oligo- to mesohaline
tidal marshes ana it supports outstanding aquatic beds,
several rare plants occur here. 650 acres
e. Great Meadov (North Cove), Essex. Outstanding
oligohaline tidal wetland; rare plants. 425 acres
-------
f. Selden Neck, Lyme. Outstanding freshwater tidal wetiar.a,
rare plants. 400 acres
g. Pratt and Post Coves. Outstanding freshwater tical
wetland, rare plants. 135 acres
h. Deep River. Freshwater tidal wetland. 70 acres
i. Chester Creek, Chester. Freshwater tidal wetland. 130
acres .
j. Whalebone Cove, Lyme. Freshwater tidal wetland. 110
acres
k. Chapman Pond, E. Hadaam. Outstanding freshwater tidal
wetland; rare plants; concentration for finfish during
the cooler months. 415 acres
1. Salmon River, Hadaam/E. Haddam. Freshwater tidal
wetland; rare plants. 415 acres
m. Pecausett Meadows, Portland. Freshwater tidal wetlands.
n. Mattabasset River, Cromwell. Freshwater tidal wetlands.
Impacts include encroachment by a landfill. 400 acres.
Oyster River/Back Rivers, 01c Savbrcok. Extensive pclyr.aline
tidal wetland dominated by high marsh vegetation. 510 acres
Menur.ketesuck River, Westbrook/Clintor.. Oligo- to polyhaline
tidal wetlands; rare plants. <350 acres
Hammonassett Marshes, Clinton/Madison. Extensive polyhaline
marsh dominated by high marsh vegetation; rare birds; area
designated as a state natural area. 500 acres
East River, Madison. Extensive mostly polyhaline tidal
wetlands dominated by high marsh vegetation. 1040 acres
vrheeler Wildlife Management Area, Milford. One of the mcst
important tidal wetlands in the state; extensive low marsh
habitat and a multitude of meandering tidal creeks and tidal
pools - area has not been ditched for mosquito control
purposes; outstanding wildlife usage especially by
waterfowl, shorebirds and other marshbirds. 800 acres
Farmill River, Stratford. Oligohalir.e tidal wetland, this is
the only such e::ample on the Kousatonic River; rare plants.
Great Meadows, Stratford. Outstanding polyhaline tidal
wetland composed primarily of unditched high marsh. It is
for all practical purposes the only unditched high marsh in
-------
of the. nurr.fcer of meandering creeks and tidal pools. Tide
urates on Lcrcship Boulevard have reduced tical flows to
wot lands located north of this road - these in turn have
rraded ir.to a marsh type dominated by Pr.ragr.it-:-s. 680
As:.- Creek, fair field. Small tut nevertheless significant
island of unditched high marsh located at the mouth of the
Ash Creek estuary.
Threatened Vet lands
Connecticut River Tidal Wetlands. The single greatest threat
to these wetlands ana the estuary as whole are proposal by
Massachusetts to divert water out of the river for water
supply purposes. This could not only change the position of
halinitv boundaries but might also affect the water table
position in certain wetlands.
Yfetland threatened by tidal flow restrictions. These include
primarily areas that lie upstream of tide gates.
a. Burrough of Stonington wetlands
b. Latimer Point wetland, Stonington
c. Pequotsepos Brook, Stonington?
d. Palmer Cove?
e. Cold Spring Erook, Old Saybrook
f. Hammock River, Clinton - tical flushing is gradually being
restored' by Vector Control
c. Sluice Creek, Guilford
::. Indian Cove, Guilford
Leetes Island, Guilford
j. Gigamesue Creek, Branford?
k. Sybil Creek, Branford
I. Carolina Creek, East Haven
. Morris Creek, East Haven
n. Little River, Kew Haven
o. Vest River, Kew Haven
p. Old Field Creek, Vest Haven
c.. Cove River, Vest Haven
r. Great Creel:, Milforc - being restored by the State of
Connecticut
s. Great Meadows, Stratford (airport property)
t. Gorhar. Pond
-------
;om:.:ents prepare:
CONNECT ICUT
STORY SURVEY
GEOLOGICAL AND NATURAL
Natural
Rf-sources Ce:
1 '35 Cap
z.
zol Avenue
Roo~ 5 5
t~*\
kJ
Hartfor
Cl
, CT 06106
2C3-53S
—
2540
-------
r.-vrrr.SMED listings
expar.s icr,.
Rocky Hill/Glastonbury/V'ethersf ield !*'eadrws. Diversity flood
plain fcrest and alluvial r.arsh. Threatened by agricultural
expansion.
Keener Ccve. Glas tcnbury, East Hertford. Diverse flood plain
forest end freshwater ticel r.arsh er.d cove.
De = d Kc,n' s Swarr.p & Vicinity Rocky Hill. Diverse flood plain
forest and alluvial marsh. Important bird breeding habitat.
House tonic River (Specific Sites!
Housatcnic Valley Flood Plain. Canaan, Salisbury. Diverse flood
da in forest and beck water slcughs. Threatened bv
agricultural e-xcar.sion.
ARE A V>* IDE LISTINGS
Calcareous v.'etlar.ds of Litchfield County (specific sites)
Squabble Brook anc vicinity. N. Canaan. Diverse calcareous
seepage swarr.p. Threatened by agricultural expansion and
draining. Partially owned oy The Nature Conservancy.
;:::re Brook and vicinity. Salisbury. Diverse calcareous
wetland. Threatened by water quality deterioreticn.
Partially owned by The Nature Conservancy.
Bauer Pond end Vicinity. Salisbury. Diverse calcareous wetland.
Threatened by water quality deterioration. Partially owned
by The Nature Conservancy.
Benton Hill Fen. Sharon. Diverse calcareous wetland and fen.
Threatened by water quality deterioration. Partially owned
by The Nature Conservancy.
Sucker Brook. Salisbury. Diverse calcareous wetland and fen.
One of the best sites in CT.
Bobbins Swamp. Canaan, Salisbury. Very larce, diverse
calcareous wetland and fen. Mostly in State ownership.
Needs to be consolidated.
-------
Hertford County WetUr.cs ^Specific Sites-
"anitook Lake oogs. Suffield. Tr.rester.ee by filling and
ceteric-r a ticr. cf watsr c - a 1 i t v.
Ccr.csrr.cnd Lake cogs. Suffield. One cf the best level begs in
Connecticut. Threatened by residential development.
Shaker Pond kettle wetlands. Enfield. Threatened by residential
development end deterioration cf water cualitv.
-------
-------
:,\'TAL
Or::;- "STA" :'-v
i:ecs "c. E.-r.c'c-t-.
- = -::'crc C>,' Cc',C;
STATE O? CONNsCM'JT
¦ S'i C's St"se ? - ¦ r . ¦
ice D:.
0".: it-: .'C.'
F-c
£ A
*D - i *' - .
V ¦? 1
:*o.
n r- t>
EPA List c: Prioritv Vetlsrcs
In addition to the areas listed, I would add:
1) New Haven Harbor - this area is one of the most
ir.oortar. t wi:. tering areas i r. Connecticut for black
c .. u & u a - .
j - i — .
i = :s .,fev: naven
and V.'es; Haven are usee et er. s i ve 1 v b
v." a t e r quality or secir. er. ration
1 r. vertebrate life :or-s of
2 ) Watershed .'River £ y s t e ~ =
r eecmg cucks
t -i s h t .affect
c i r. r a c t the
6 ... U C I .eCS •
,ue :c v:i i
.. — c. - c
v:r. : susce:-
tible tc industrial development, landfill
Cogir.chau; River; Midclefield, Middletovn: suscep-
tible to residential and industrial development
i 11. . it r i ^ &r. 3 u ry » ^ r c c z * £ . c ? .«c'* .*»11 r o rc » rci
idential and industrial development. Field surveys
river in Ne v Milforc to be
shev: that the section c
of hit'r.est value
* s
.err: v: _
1 > V ;'
PM/ck
: c we c r e :rvs
-------
:;\::.;e:;75 prepared by the ei'eeau ct fisheries
.1 ,-.ver.u(
0-31 Co
-------
BUREAU OF ?:
MEMORANDUM
Da t e ¦
To: jfrrre «•, isr:er. i".v.
Fron: Pc'nert. A. Jcr.es. D:r;c::r
Subject: EPA list of Priority V.'st is.r.z:
*
A
v*
e
V
i
ew
f t
he subj
e
ct
list
C.
S
r c
c u
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c
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2^
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t
hat
the Th
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r
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ec. Pre
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6a s
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Fo
low
ing is
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c
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cl
usi or.
;
Tha~ e s r,iver
State(s):
Connecticut
c Linits: Tne Thanes, Shezj,cket sr.
their tributaries.
^ ^ j i r*
arc
cv.t./Potent ial
* r e a t s t c
•Ci£l
C c rr.... 61 v — c_ j
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W — > — w ^ w j .ij w. Wj,»riC.
hycrc"; ccgereration.
¦ sri.-ei
-------
coz.\"7s prepared by the water resources unit
i~5 Capitol Avenue
Roc-. 107
Ki-rT:cvi, CT 0?10c
2C2-5,J-3-7 220
-------
rorgt- V.'isker, Coastal Geologist
¦ / i /' o 'J
Plan. S. Co 3rd./C.A't, 71 Capitol Ave., Hartford, CT
Perils Cunr.i r.gharc, Assistant Director 5G6-7220
V.'ater Resources Unit, 165 Capitol Avenue, Hartford, CT
E?.:.'S "Priority Wetlands Listing for New England
This is in reply to your recent request for information to
update "EPA's "Priority Wetlands Listing for New England." My
comments are being offered to assist EPA prioritize and direct
its wetland protection efforts in Connecticut to areas of
Statewide or regional importance. Although I agree that CV.'A
Section 404(c) and CFR 23C.80 404(d)(1) fill prohibitions or
restrictions for specific sites provide valuable wetland ana
v..iter resource protection tools, I am not prepared to reccmmenc
specific wetland sites at this time.
Con
nerv
* ^
£
ut has comprehens
ive wetl
3.
nc and vat
e r res
o u r o e
c i r. s ~ r v s.
no protection lav.
q o: j -
J",
at ail
wet la
r.ds and
surface
waters
of the State are
covered
by State a
nd /'or
local
regulation.
T
he cornerstone of
Connect
icut's wetl
and pr
ogram is
t h e I n 1 a
r_ci
v; e
-
land and '.'."aterccu
r s e s Act
which prov
ides f
or
r o t
en
of
regulatory author
ity ever
inland wet
lanes
to towns.
7- date,
a 1
I
U
ut 15 of Connecti
uct's tc
ns have lo
cal ag
encies.
:i.- regu
— 2l t
es
the wetlands in t
hese 15
owns and a
11 em ut
s to
ivide
tec
w ~
cal assistance an
C t T cl " n ^
n
g to the r
est.
The scope
of DEP's
re
Z U
1
atory programs co
n c e r n i n g
404 wetlan
as is
described
ir. the e
r.cl os
c-
d parr.ph let tit lea
n
P.
esources V
* t ~
g u 1 a t o r y
Prjgrams
? 6
rrr.
1
t Index." As ar.
overseer
of Connect
icut's
'**•' s. t e r
rc-scurce
s ,
b
dieve cur wetlar.
z
ectively p
rotect
t- cy the
State la
\v s
c
cribed in th<=- Ir.d
ex .
However, the level of protection provided by municipal
wetland agencies varies widely from town to town based upon
e::tent of local development pressures, technical skills of local
agency merr.ebers, presence or absence of local agency professional
st:-.ff, and political climate. ch mere effort is needed ir.
providing technical assistance and training for municipal
refculators to improve the technical ana administrative quality of
decision-making. The reason I raise this need here is that it's
t.:cse wetlands in towns with untrained wr-t lane regulatory
agencies that need additional protection. Your thoughts on EPA's
role in our technical training efforts for municipal wetland
ctficials would be welcomed.
My sections's comner.ts and suggestions for priority listings
:or Connecticut are as follows:
General Listing
-------
c
j .
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V' * 7
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-
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ble
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as
shown o
n
Connect
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tf.c y.a
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7 i
1 to f
-
ect pet a
r_ ^
r
V,' L
- v
C U
a 1 i t y .
Y.
ater cu
a _
i t y
clas
C- Ck w
1
on maps
3.r
e
3. Y
1 -L
£. b I €r X O Z
publi c
or.
c.
C
cunt
v basis
at 1:50,
00
0
S C
ale
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om DE?
' £
?ubli ca
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ales
(2 Go)
5
56-772£;.
Aid: rivers and streams ar.d "heir contiguous wetlands
which support important ar.adro~.ous fisheries.
I-eveiopment car. cetroy essential breeding ar.d nursery
habitat or obstruct migration of juveniles and adults.
The enclosed list was developed by the DIP Bureau of
Fisheries.
c. Add: rivers and streams stocked with fish by DEP.
Resource value - maintenance of water quality ana
habitat, aesthetics. In order to protect the State's
investment and the fish stock, work needs to be
controlled to avoid instream disturbance during the
stocking and the intensive spring time fishing period.
Tr.e attached list of stocked streams is taken from tne
Bureau of Fisheries Annual Report.
Acc: wetlands adjacent to landfills. Resource value -
maintenance of water quality. These wetlands are
threatened as a result of a need to expand sanitary and
bulkv water landfills.
A~eawide Listings
a. Add: freshwater tidal wetlands. Resource value - unique
wildlife and fisheries habitats, high recreational value
ar.d aesthetics. Important f res:.water tidal wetlands are
located along the Connecticut River and its tributaries
frem the Farmmgton River to its confluence with Long
Island Sound. Important vegetated tidal wetlands have
been mapped by DEP as shown on the enclosed Map index.
t. Add: coastal marshes and ir.tertidal flats in, and
tributary to, New Haven harbor located in V.'est Haven,
East Haven and New Haven. Resource values - resting anc
feeding areas for shorebirds ar.d waterfowl, fisheries,
maintenance of water quality, shellfish industry,
recreation, aesthetics. Development pressures ?.re
increasing.
c. Delete: page G reference to a perceived threat to water
resources in Hartford County ana the Northern portion of
Middlesex County. Yfhile these areas are experiencing
high development pressures, so are other regions of
Connecticut. It is sugg-?:* •:d that the watershed wherein
projects ~?A is i nt^rcstva in are located be listen
-------
in order to irovicie direction and purpose. If a highway
project is a concern, then list the project.
Watershed Listings
a. V.'ater quality sensitive watersheds. The following river
. systems and others as nay be identified in DEP's V.'ater
Quality Management Flan are water quality limited cr are
in need of additional attention to ensure that further
degradation does not occur. These systems are
experiencing heavy development pressure ana loss of
wetland area may diminish the ability of wetlands to
renovate surface flows or otherwise maintain water
quality. Loss of instream habitat may effect water
quality, fisheries and recreation amenities. A
deterioration of water quality may necessitate issuance
of State orders to upgrade treatment facilities. The
number preceding each river are taken from a map titled
"Natural Drainage Basins in Connecticut" dated 1SS1.
6900 N'augatuck River; Torrmgten to its confluence with
the Housatcnic River.
7300 N'orwalk River; Ricgefield to its confluence with
Long Island sound
6600 Still River; Danbury to its confluence with the
Housatcnic River
4303 Still River; V.'msted to its confluence with Sandy
Brook
4500 Hockar.um River; Headwaters to Connecticut River
5200 Ouinnipiac River; Headwaters to confluence with New
Haven Harbor
4315 Pequabuck River; Headwaters tcccnfluer.ce with
Farming ton River
7401 Five Vile River; Headwaters to confluence with Long
T c 1 *"] ^ ^ "' **"'
3100 V.'illimanti c River
3SOO Shetucket River
3300 French River; Headwaters in Massachusetts to
confluence with Ouir.ebaug River
3700 Quinebaug River
6800 Pomeraug River in Southbury
cj2'o 1 — ignt Mi 1 e niver ; r. eaowaters m sristor. to
confluence with Quinnipiac River in Southington
b. The following watersheds are highly urbanized and
subjected to severe flooding hazards to life ar.d
property. Additional attention to pres-yve the flood
storage function of '.vet lands is needed i;
decisions.
7300 Norwalk River
5112 Farm River
7411 B v r a m R i v er
-------
X
/
Maine Audubon Society
Gilslana Farm • 1 IS U.S. Route One • Fa!mou:h. Maine 04 1C5 • 781-2330
T*C laponstbli'
-------
A. ixerra
Pars 1'vo
August 13, 19S6
I've enclosed a list of "ecologically significant peatlar.ds" pr2-ared by
Lissa V.'idoff for the Natural Resources Council. The importance of the areas
listed is recognized among the state's peatland experts. Please note that
this list includes pestlancs only, it does not include other types c-f fresh-
water wetlands. Nor does it focus on their wildlife values. The Maine
Dep-rtr.ent of Inland Fisheries and l.'ildlife should be contacted for this
ir.f or-ation.
I'd also like to recommend that the East Branch of the Penobscot River
anc the Rapid River be added to the list.
The AIS concept is an extremely important one—one that will undoubtablv
save development and conservation interests a great deal of money. Its
iz.portar.ee should be made clear to all who review the priority list and
EPA staff should at a r.ir.ir.uT. make sure that the prelininary list of priority
wetlands be directed to all appropriate individuals and agencies before
crafting the final versicn.
Please let ~e know if you have any questions or. the list I've provided.
I would appreciate a copy of the updated list. Thank you.
Sincerely,
//.
Janet McMahon
Land Steward
JM.'cl
Enclosure
r.rr.rwtrr-
; • }••* ' «. ** • i!
i i U W- ' I « « ^ toM I I \
AUG 18 VsSo
V'firp j'm1 'rc.'CT rMMri"!'
-------
2
6
7
8
10
11
J.E
1 S
2D
/ J-
23
24
r -r.c rC T:C
Ss.cc Heath*
^ 1 -. c *
loveveii Pond
Great Sidney Beg
Kanokclus Bog
Caribou Bee ^
... v -
cur.:'.r.£ze Xeaccvs Beg
?£S££cunikeag Bogs
reg -?r. Greenville Jet.
Great Heath (part)*
Jonespcrt Heath
I'.ecdyberr.ps Heath
Thousand Acre Heath
.'•'.attavarr.k eag River
Srith Brook Deacvater
little Crystal Fen*
Marble Fen
Ellis Boc
Big Ten Complex
£ a Iron Brook La!-: e Boc *
Orchard Bog
Cress Lake Fen
-* c r k — £ a n £ c r c
York - Saco
Oxford - Fryeburg
Ke.nn. - Augusta, Sidney
Waldo - Unity
?eno. - Olc Town, Bangor,
Hudson, Glenburn
:cr
-------
;e>C-:-OVC ;e'Cncp ^ ARE* CCDE (207)
2BS-2261
STATE Or miine
DEPARTMENT OF MARINE RESOURCES
STATE house — STATION 2 1
AUGUS'i VA!\E 0*232
.ugust 13, 1986
lavid Fierra, Director
vster "anagerent Division
5. Environmental Protection Agency
J.F. Kennedy Federal 3uilding
Easier., yASS 02203
Zear Mr. Fierra:
-iere, in response to yo-or letter of July, 1566, regarding revisions to
tr.e ll=t of Priority Wetlands for New England, are a number of suggested
additions; they include five (5) Specific Wetlands, sixteen (16) Watersheds
(although it is generally the lower watersheds that have our primary concern),
and one (1) General Category addition.
Four (4) Specific Wetlands of the tidal Kennebec River estuary -
Tnreats to each of these is general development; mere specific threats
"-'•=nneb~c River - freshwater tidal section from Chops Point (outlet of
rr, "meeting Bay) to Augusta, including Kerrymeeting Bay and the tidal
sections of its tributaries: the Eastern, Abagadasset, Cathance, and
Ar.droscoggin Rivers.
a. Unique habitat
1) !Co ether river system in the State of Maine contair.s anywhere
near the amount of tidal freshwater habitat.
2) Important spanning and nursery habitat for all ten native anadromous
fish species except striped bass, h restoration program for
striped bass, shad, and alev.'ives is underway.
-------
CRITICAL/II-?0?.TA!7? V'^TLA'OS ARE--.5
pcr sho.iti;ose atlaj.tic stjrgix::?
¦ ) y.id-estuary/3ath Regicr. - feeding area for shortness sturgeon, especially
wetlands area around Wir.r.e gar.ee Creek ana Pleasant. Cove i Sasanca River ;¦;
also all other areas cf tidal flats with abundant aquatic vegetation.
2) Main River - South Gardiner to Augusta
a. Shortness sturgeon and Atlantic sturgeon srav.-r._ng habitat
i) Exact locations not known. Large concentrations of shortness
sturgeon in spav.-ni.ng condition have been found in South Gardiner
and Gardiner.
ii) Ripe Atlantic sturgeon have also been captured in South Gardiner
and Gardiner region.
3) Tidal Section of Androscoggin River
a. Important shortness sturgeon spawning site, especially near head-cf-
tic® •
b. Threats: housing development; highway bypass
4) yjerryrrreeting Bay
a. Feeding area for shortness sturgeon
b. Threats: housing development - large subdivision on Ercwns Point
(Abagadasset Point) m Ecv.deinha.-
Specific Vfetland - York River (hsadwaters freshwater marsh) -
Cclifc™. bacterial levels in the York River have been reduced to levels
that pertr.it shellfish harvest; oysters and clans are cultivated and harvested
in the lower estuary. Considerable effort has been race to recover the
lev.-tr portions cf the rivsr, hut th.e marsh headwaters are relatively ur.protsct
fror, fill and contajtination resulting frcr. extensive building pressure
ir. York Count'.". *!-D7Z: the estuary v.-as identified below as a rainbow sr-elt
General Category -
Eel grass - Zostera carina - beds
Area vice
!>Vaine
-------
Srso^pscot River estuary - an important nursery and/cr :c-cdir.g area fcr
rainbow srel~, shortness svurs-;< r , arc sr.riped
bass. Also, this estuary is an important area
for juvenile sea herring and a spawning area
for croundfish. Ths- Sh=~prcot River also supports
the southerr-cst self-sustaini nrv native population
cf anadrCTGUs Atlantic salrcn.
Darariscotta River - s: sports rhe largest population of anadrorrcus alewives
on the .Xaine coast and is an irporr.aM recreational
fisher^- for striped bass.
St. George River estuary - sip:crts the second largest copulation of anadromo-
alev.'ives or. the teine coast. A large winter
2;.a spring recreational fishery for rainbow
smelt occurs frcn US Route 1 upstream to Warren
Village. This river also supports an important
striped bass recreational fishery.
Penobscot River estuary - The third largest alewife run in the state occurs
in the Or]and River. The largest anadrorrous
Atlantic salmon run in Maine passes through this
estuary to freshwater spawning grounds and ocean
feeding areas. A very large rainbow srrelt fishery
occurs- in the estuary- frcst Bangor zc Winter :ort.
Rainbow smelt nursery areas occur frcn Banger
to Sears Island; American shad, river herring,
and Atlantic sturgeon are dependent on this estuary
as a nursery area. One shortnose sturgeon was
captured in lever west Fer.ecscot Bay (I'trthporfc}
in the rric-lSTC's.
Union River estuary - This area contains river herring and rainbow srelt
as well as a hatchery sustained spcrt fishery for
Atlantic salmon.
Narraguagus and Pleasant Rivers estuaries - Atlantic salrron, rainbow srrelt,
African shad and river herring
are irrportant resources in
this area.
Machias and East Kachias Rivers estuaries - important areas for Atlantic
salrrcr., rainbow srelt. fc-erican
shad and river herring.
Denr.ys River estuary - sane cements as provided on the Narraguagus/Pleasant
Rivers.
St. Croix River estuary - This area has the potential to support the largest
river herring run in Maine. Atlantic salnon,
American shad ar.d rainbcv>- sr>eit are also important
resources.
-------
tO I fa '
rv.y listed separately and placed as a V.atershed; however, in rar.y
cases it is the lower watershed that is primarily utilized as a nursery
area. The upper portions are utilized tc varying degrees depending upon
species and it is trie quality cf the upper pcrtions that contributes to
the ruality of the lower portions.
./ Yrr": ?lver estuary - rainbow sire It nursery
Piscataqua River - rainbow srrelt, alewife, blueback herring, Aierican shad
- :: .-.- ^--./Scarborough River. complex - Aner.can shad, river herring
^ s=co River - African shad, river herring; very inportant striped bass
recreational fishery in this area
rrcrurpscct River - African shad, river herring, rainbow srelt
' Royal River estuary - American shad, river herring, rainbov.- sn>elt
• r.a.tr.£bec/Ar:dro3ccggin estuary - all anadrc-cus fish species. Critical
hrbitat, particularly from the area cf
Parker Head upstream to Augusta and Brunswick,
I^rry meeting Bay and tributaries (Eastern,
Aoagaiasset, Cathar.ee, and Muddy Rivers)
are unique freshwater areas under tidal
milum n that sunicrt diverse tcculaticr.s
cf anadrrrcus fish, such as endangered
shortness sturgeon, as well as Atlantic
sturgeon, Atlantic sairon, ATrr-rican shad,
broc.-: trcut, and striped bass. H-S is
at.terpting to restore a self-sustaining
population cf striped bass in this area
by stocking Hudson River fingerlings in
I'ierr.Treeting 3ay. The state's largest
winter recreational,''ccrrrercial hook and
line coastal rainbow srrelt fishery occurs
in the ::err\nestir.g Bay area. Thtt lower
Kennebec, from Bath downstream, is one
of the rest important recreational fishing
aieas for striped bass and bluefish on
-------
/
/ ^
-c_ /
' i.'
•*' /
-------
STATE OF f/.AINE
r r
epartm&nt or Environmental Protection
M.AIK 0--.ZI "t. Z'~li' i'jG.'S"-
*•*'. . s-w.{ :-i::• •*
KENNETH C. YOUNG, JR.
CCW.'SSfONER
1 C. r. • X a. 0 - IT cl
reefer, Water Management Division
£. Er.vironmer.tal Protection Agency
F. Kennedy Federal Building
= Mass. 02203
nave reviewed the List of Priority Wetlands which pertain to
iir.e. All wetlands listed should remain on the list with the
:£5irle exception of the West Branch of the Penobscot River
the "Eig A" dam proposal has been withdrawn.
-e additional wetland should be considered for the list:
ire, Location: Saco Heath in York County, York, Maine
sl.es: Cne of the ir.ost southerly raised bogs in Maine?
contains Atlantic White Cedar, a rare species in
V. a i n e .
Research, education, aesthetics.
— er.tiai Threats: Peat mining; 4 35 acres of commercial
quality peat.
Previous owner had attempted to mine the
peat and another mining proposal is
currently active.
¦ :,:"ALD T. WITHE?ILL, Wetlands Coordinator
^vision of Licensing & Review
ureau of Land Quality Control
-------
i he i rustees of Reservations
Cc.-:i>crv:r.£
• ear ..r. r :err£:
! a r s s r : r. d i r. c t c ycur request fcr in fcrr.aticr.. to update your
'List :f Priority V.'etl a:, ds" ir. '.'e-.: England. Although v:e do not
. a v e ::::cr:::icn regarding specific sites that require ycur
"¦ c- ere surp risec tc iir.i that r.o r.:er. ticn cf areas on
:.-r*' ? Vir far r r •• 'Isr.t^rket •..-as -ace. These islands rrovice
r ** i.
•-*i
c c: n3 b11 ?.
£
for cany r,-.re -ildlife species, particularly
s t
terns, pi
i r. E plovers ana sr.o
rt-ep^ed o\:ls. Geologists
£ r.
r 3..s r e f e
ence to unique attr
ibutes found in island
c c r.
t. -
r. - - i £ s £ r. d
these t v o i s 1 a r. c s a
re r. c c : : c e p t i o r..
.. r. i
r 7
e 2 y ,
t
he hur.ar. nrovth rat
e on each island is astounding
/ m. *
- 7
/
•"s, '"i r» \ • -< n *' c o c *• n ~ v
•• w »• . ~ V — WW- j »
ear J an: r.a^ttat destruction is
Z 'J
e s _ 1 z . 3
c.
t s'jro t h£t rr ic ri t
y e11 a n d s e:: i s t but a~ r.ct
f 41 r
i itcl to £u
~est specific areas
for lac): of necessary data. I
c - -
s " yen c c r.
*
act ~ r . ' e s 7 i f f p. e v
at the l". !! a s s . Field _ Static r.,
! ' ~
- j
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| r
. Gus 7en-David at
t h e > e 1 i !' e c k S an c t u a r v , "!; s s s .
¦ v -
• ;
r~ ^ C r> -
,
'a r t h a ' s " ire v r. r d
fcr specific information.
task arc', let r.e kr.ov if vou r.eec
lurt.^er assistar.ee.
T* r '• r. ~ + ?' o b 2 i r,r - !
r r ^ c £
RECEIVED-EPA
JUL 2S t95?&
V>ATtR US-t&TSr
ii
-------
Massachusetts
tr'iNatural Heritage
Frog ram
¦ucutv 11, 1S£S
.\r. :;iv:c A. Pierre.
Iirecicr, Utter Ktnccerent Division
'J.5. Er.vironner.ttl Protection Agency
J.F. i'.cr.recy Federal Euilding
r:£'.cr., V-l. C2203 RE: Priority fc'etlands
Deer Kr. Fierra,
I fould like to respond to your letter of this spring to Dennis
I'olkeff c; the Nature Coneervency, regarding the listing of
priority wetlands in Kev Englend.
r.s you luav know, the Kassechusetts Naturel Heritage Program was
fcrr.ed in 1976 through a cooperative effort of the Nature
Conservancy and the Commonwealth of Uassachusetts. The Progren,
now pert c£ the Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife,
is a statewide inventory of rare plants end enir.els and
£i cr, if i ctnt ecological communities. Our data base includes over
3,400 r.tpped and cor.puter ized records of these rare "elements",
tr.d is constantly being expanded through the work o£ the ctaff
bctar.iet and zoologist, and contract employees and cooperetors.
These cata on the locations, habitats, associated species,
threats, and management needs of rare species and natural
ccr.r.ur.i ties are used in a variety of research, environmental
review, and planning activities. As rare wildlife and vegetetion
zre considered valuable indicators of pristine or sensitive
habitats, es well as intrinsically valuable, we frequently
recommend areas pinpointed on our USGS topographic meps for land
acquisition or other protection measures, through town open space
planning, nominations to create or enlarge state-owned
reservations or perks, designations of critical resource areas on
r-jblically owned lands, state Area of Critical Environmental
Concern proposals, etc.
'.'e have estimated that about 40« of ell rare epecies in
'iassechusetts occur in, or depend on, wetland hebittte. On the
basis of our date, we could recommend many wetland types and
specific sites for special protection. We would like to mention
the following two es examples:
= Vrr-if* end Wr.z.i'e :c? Ciir.brsape Street, Eoston, Mass. 02202 (617) 727-9194.-3151
-------
August 11, 1S86
Kr. D.A. Fierra
Page Two
The Schenob Brook end Dry Brook system in Sheffield,
Massachusetts provides habitat for no fewer than 25 occurrences
of rare plants and animals, including several species listed es
Endangered by the Massachusetts Division of Fisheries end
Wildlife. Every year, new discoveries of state-listed species
indicate thet this area is of increasing importance end is one of
the top three calcareous wetlands in the state.
A second exar.ple of e wetlend type of greet importance is the
Coestal Plain Pondshore cor.nunity. The shores of these kettle
ponds, found in Plymouth and on Cape Cod, support over 20 species
of rare plants, many of regional and cor.e of national rarity.
Ue would be heppy to provide deteiled information on these or
other wetland types or specific sites. Please feel free to
contact me if you have any questions, or if we can be of further
assistance.
Sincerely,
fyOOJS\rjL V>U-£>Vu-<. d
Joanne Kichaud
Envircnr.entel Reviewer
-------
" r ^,r i" i'" t * nrr-*"" ^ t r\ 1' f
i h v 4 ^ W • «.U1\ A U i * U •
List of Priority V.'etlancs
i,ic.".':;sti
i * * i t
t i i » «
• • • •
^ F.ei .-lu-le S v;&" = £ river vhich flows to 2
6 f
cf V'etlar.c/SyEte-: Watershed
Specific System
A r e & »*.i q e. • •« • •
- --..u = u(_:i , Lt;..Lir.
Prir.cstcn, KA contingent to
n • • •
above sanctuary (sart that Mass. Audubon coes not..
own)
s - £ s • i. c w ^ r c ^ c. j. ^ w- y / s i»» p' p»} • «••««« •« •*•••••«•••*•«•«*••••
Flood control.....
Ecological productivity X
Wildlife habitat %
Fisheries habitat ^
F.ecreaticn/aes thetics . Y%
LCC.Cr.C&A/blOlC^^Cci^ ? s*» ^ i . . * * * * . . . * * * * * * * * * * * . * * *
Best representative eccsysterns
Threats to Resource: ];r.£.•. .S.~A-A .°.f. in.ce.t.c.n. PPP&WP?. £p. ..
. .ebout, .se.l.linc c.f.f. D.or.t.i.o.ns. .of. ,th.i,s. ,1.00. fc;es,
Ccr-.entc: . . .ZZ A?. AO?xt&&s£ %t?£. £.tA.t.e„, £p. PPfc
.thAt. £?=££... ,^d^b,o;n, s^plied. this, information
.e«s* r^i j. v*r*e^^e-» .^>i ¦ /">tl iLc«'tA^cSi u£>»
Joe Choiniere
Sanctuary Director
-------
e v: r om e !>' t a l p r c t e c t : o n
List of Priority V.'eti
!.c~t c; i = r.:tuary : . . . *% ^ ^ =* •
!> £ r~. ~ Z 1 ' ^ 1.1 £ T. C / Vi' £ t £ r! C S V 5 t 5 TTi J . . n' v v *i 7;. . *7 ^
Category of Wetland/System: Watershed
Specific System
A r e a w i d e
Geogr £ r.-ii c Lirits:
Resource Values: V.!ater quality/supply
F1 ood control
Ecological productivity
Wi 1 H1 i rp hghi
Fisheries habitat
Recreation/aesthetics
Ecological/biological rsri
Best- representative e
ihrests to Resource:
-------
.c: :~z . .
t - - r"
SVlVa,
- SS t'fcT
cy/f-e ^-& t> s>tt?it>4/a/'j
'- r^i" i />'v tty
~Jtt, j/(f //ft>,f/± a),,-/ n /t ytt-ttyj tj/if ytt/sr/tr-h
^ n' «_///<
-------
watershed Listing
Consider including all ether river systems ir. Massachusetts
which are currently, c: have beer. ir. the rest, the subject of
land management planning program? including the State Scenic
Rivers Program ana the Greenvay Planning Program. These planning
programs often ir.cluce identifying critical vetland habitats;
the results of these planning efforts should be more fully integrated
with federal regulatory activities.
Specific System Listing
Consider including Belle Isle Marsh in Boston, Revere, and
Kir.throp Massachusetts. This urban salt marsh system is one of
the last relatively large salt marshes in Boston Harbor. VThile a
portion of this system is nov in public ownership and all of the
salt marsh is protected by stringent state regulations, enforce-
ment remains a problem. Specifically, numerous private properties
v'nic'n abut the marsh system can result in activities that are
relatively small but, nevertheless, create cumulative adverse
impacts over a long period of time.
e
Cl8'
Direc
or
-------
rj\cu) CKampsfdre Association of Conscrjation Commissions
54 Portsmouth Street Concord, NH 03301 (603) 224-7867
July 3i, 1955
\'
David A. Fie~rc, Director
;.=ier Kcncoe.~ent Division
L'S EDA, legion I
CFu Fecerai Building RE: List of Priority Wetlands
Dostcn, KA 0Z2C3
Dear Kr. Fierra:
I £i7i not at all sure how the NHACC should respond to your request for
comments cn the List of Priority Wetlands you sent earlier this month. The
ccpy you sent here did not include Appendix III, which appears to contain
Region I's reaction to this federally mandated listing, so I am relying on the
statement in the introduction "...it is a list of known or suspected trouble
sdcis in our region". .That is, the suggestions for possible expansion of the
ereswide list are areas which appear threatened rather than areas of highest
intrinsic value compared to other NH wetlands or waterbodies.
Suggestions:
1. Areaw ids
- Great Bay, Little Bay and the Fiscataqua River - (Dover, Kadbury,
Durham, Newmarket, Stratham, Greenland, Newington, Portsmouth in Rockingham
and Strafford Counties) Estuarine system in high growth area (non-residential
end year-round and seasonal residential development). The NH Coastal Program
[Office of State Planning, 1 Ml Beacon St, Concord, NH 03301 (603) 271 -2'i553
has applied to extend the Program to this area and has assembled available
information on the area in support of the application.
- Southern Strafford County - add to the SE New Hampshire category now
covering Hillsborough, Rockingham and Merrimack Counties. Strafford County is
listed with Sullivan as having areas of particular concern for fish and
wildlife. 1 see no problem with that listing, but suggest that the 3 county
listing is intended to highlight the area of the state that is experiencing
the greatest growth pressures; southern Strafford County is part of this area
as well.
2. Watershed (I think, but possibly specific system)
- Lake Umbacog (Errol, with a bit in Cambridge; Coos County, NH and
i'.sine) This lake has almost no development and is an outstanding wildlife
hcDitat. The Audubon Society of NH, NH Natural Heritage Inventory, and the
Society for the Protection of NH Forests can provide documentation on species
present. The current threat is from a hydropower project in Maine which will
cause fluctuating water levels. There was a proposal to mine diatomaceous
•¦•:rtn from the bee of the lake, which was stepped, at least temporarily, by
Arrv CCE (ur.cer the P.ivers and Harbors Act, rather than 404, I believe),
is c'ifficult to ray .aether any future proposals might need 404 permits,
-------
but, unlike the areas suggested above, it has environmental and habitat values
superior to comparable water bodies in NH. (Comparable is probably the wrong
wire, since I can't thin!; of a comparable water body...) In any event, it
sreuid be listed as an important area.
3. Areas of concern which may or may not be appropriately included somewhere
on the list:
- NH lakes in general and the larger ones in particular. Winnipesaukee
appears on the watershed list (p. 39, spelled incorrectly); it was the first
ic,-;2 perceived to be threatened by the "galloping condominium" phenomenon and
still perceived as the most threatened. (One of the reasons for this is the
Winnipesaukee Basin Sewage System, whose availability allows greatly increased
development density.) However, other large lakes are beginning to perceive
similar pressures, notably Sunapee and Newfound, and tc a lesser extent (so
far) Squam and Winnisquam. Should this concern about lakes in general be
reflected somehow? If one were to include "the Lakes Region waterbodies",
La/.e Sunapee in New London, Newbury, and Sunapee would not be included.
Perhaps size might be a criteria...
On the other hand, fill is not often proposed; dredge proposals to remove
adjacent wetlands "interfering" with swimming and boating are much more
common. Even if other lakes were listed, the impacting projects would be
lively to be outside the jurisdiction of 404...
4. One final suggestion: Have you sent your list to the NH Natural Heritage
Inventory for comments? They are still at 54 Portsmouth St.. Concord, NH
03501 (503) 224-5545 but will be moving tc DRED sometime scon. I know that
trey have fcjnd seme rare mussels in the sw pcrticn cf the state and that
portions of the Connecticut River are of particular concern...
Sincerely yours,
Marjory 1*1. Swope
Executive Director
iv'5/m
-------
r
\|a:cure Conservancy
Vermont Field Office
13S Man Street
Montpelier, Vermont 05602
(802) 229-4425
August 11, 198 6
David A. Fierra
United States Environmental Protection Agency
J.F. Kennedy Federal Building
Boston, KA 02203
Dear Kr. Fierra
ire have enclosed an updated list of priority wetlands and
vatarbodies. Given the deadline of August 10 and our busy surser
z c'r.aduie, ve scrarbled to corpile this list. There are numerous
additional sites associated vith ecologically significant areas
vhich eventually should make their v:ay to this list.
Please let us know if any questions need to be answered
regarding our cost recent submission.
Karc R. Desl-leules
Coordinator, Vermont
Natural Heritage Program
KP.D/clb
Elizabeth Thompson, Botanist
Vermont Natural Heritage Program
^ 1 - ttcfc
/ / / •
National Office. ]£X N'orth Kent Street, Arlington, Virginia 222^9
-------
OF NEW HAMPSHIRE
J- * -
; * O • l
FISH AND GAME DEPARTMENT
'£ I-'ir.ECTOR
cra3TF.ee. i;;
34 Eriage Strce:
Concorc. N H~ 03301
i6'J3 271-3421
August U, 1986
David A. Fierra, Director
Water Management Division
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Region 1
J.F.K. Federal Building
Boston, Ma. 02203
Dear Mr. Fierra:
Thank you for the opportunity to revise and update the List of
Priority Wetlands for New England, specifically Kew Hampshire. The following
recor-riended changes are amendments to the April 1S85 list of priority
vet lands in Isew Hampshire, provided at your request.
In Section III A: General Listir.e please include in rivers identified
by FV.'S as Key Rivers in Their Atlantic Salcon Resotration Program, the
?er.igevasset River. In the Watershed Listing please include the Exeter
and Lamprey Rivers. Their anadror.ous runs are in possible jeopardy
iron hydro development. In the Specific Systeas listings, please include
Lake Uabagog and the Great Bay Estuary and its tidal wetlands. Lake
ledagog is in jeopardy from hydro developaent and twice has been targeted
for diatonaceous earth dredging. The Great Bay Estuary and tidal wetlands
is being subjected to industrial and residential growth pressures.
If you have any questions, you nay contact Fisheries and Wildlife
Ecclogist, William Ingham, Jr. at (603) 271-2501.
Allen F. Crabtree
Executive Director
WCl/AFC/jak
-------
co.-.?; al AESOL'RCEf v.a.\age\:ent council
August B. 1956
_Ev'i C A. r is"E
Director, V.'ster t-'.snsgement Division
United States Environmental Protection Agency
Region I
J. F. Kennedy Federal Building
Boston, Mass. 02203
Dear Mr. Fierra:
In reference to your letter received in this office July 17. I9B6. the following are
suggss'.sri inclusions based on cur staff biologist review of the material you submitted:
p. IS Cssstsl Ponds
-Aci coastal pcr.ds_of clock Island (Town of New Shoreham), not presently under
any state rftsrrsgernent plan: __ , ^ . 1
1. Great Salt Pond ^7? vr> 'JX CO—n. v\
2. Hsrbar Pond 4
w. .rims r-ond Y
M. V.'ash Pond
5. Sachem Pcnd
E. Trustom's Pond (S.K.]
7. Round Pond [Tiv.)
B. Shipcove Pond [Tiv.)
o. 17 V/aterfcwl Habitat
Possible inclusions for black duck and canvasback habitat are:
1. Great Creek Salt Marsh [Jamestown]
2. Col. Wiliie Cove [Westerly)
3. Sheffield Cove [Jamestown)
4. Mill Creek [North Kingstown)
Ada:
Coastal Wetlands in Greenwich Bay - particularly Mary's Creek System - Important
to shellfish management area productivity/larval fish development. Threatened
by Development.
100 Acre Cove/Barrington River Wetlands - Important to shellfish management area/
larval fish/threatened avian species.
-------
L-'^vid A. Fierra
Director, Water Management Division
August B. I9B6
Pegs Two
p. -I Wccd/Pawcatuck Watershed [X-Ref. to p.4]
Note: Resource value includes RIDEM Fish G Wildlife management for Atlantic
salmon restoration, only watercourse in R.I. for this.
Regulation of activity on the Pawcatuck River is both R.I. [east shores) and CT
[west shores].
Threats to resource include marina development and water quality, particularly
commercial and industrial discharges.
p. Pettaquamscutt Watershed
Note: Resources include eastern oyster [RIDEM Shellfish Mgt. Area!
Threats to resource include failure of existing septic systems, particularly east
shores. Mettatuxet area.
Under comments, this watershed is presently in draft stages for a special area
management plan by DRMC and has been subject to a development moratorium
since Sept. ISS5.
Possible inclusions under Watershed category:
1. Kickemuit River [towns Bristol and Warren]—ansdramous resource, potential
for state management: includes rather extensive salt marsh areas: resource threat
predominantly residential development.
2. Potowomut River [towns Warwick and N. Kingstown)—potential anadramous
and waterfowl resource: low intensity u=e estuary includes a cscd proportion of
salt marsh.
\
T'-.ank you far the opportunity to comment on this matter.
Sincerely yours.
Grover J. Fugate. Executive Director
Coastal Resources Management Council
GJF/jv
\. V
p \ *-
-------
Tlie University of Vermont
. -z =: s.'.:iN3
."I'. VE=:/0'.".i-:i ::h - S A
: s .X
August 6, i?S6
A. Fierra, lirector
V.'ater V.zr.ageaent Division
V. S. Zr.virrr.r.entsi Protection Agency, Region I
7. Kennedy Federal Bldg.
Srstcn, Massachusetts 02203
Zear rlt- Fierra:
Ycur letter concerning List of Priority Wetlands arrived in late July
just pricr to ay being away for two weeks. Since ay return I contacted Dr.
Carl Fagel of the Veroont Department of Vater Resources, who is actively
engaged in wetland endeavors for Veraont. Dr. Pagel icplied that the Agency
has been so busy trying to protect wetlands in Veraont that they haven't
been able to concentrate on an inventory.
However, in looking over the inventory you sent to oe I can add these
cc—er.ts about sone wetlands in Veracr.t I an faailiar with.
L. All of the riverlike or deltaic wetlands bordering the eastern shore
of Lake Cheap la in should be giver, priority status. They are
significant with respect to flood storage, nutrient control,
aesthetics and wildlife habitat. Scr.e harbor aquatic invertebrate
sptcies unique to Yeramt. Kar.y of these border wetlands were well
studied in 197-6—1977 through funding froa the I.J.C. investigating the
possible iapact of proposed lake level regulation. These could be
individually documented given acre tiae and funding.
F-
... .r.ere are scae "behind dune saaller wetlands along the Chaaplairt
shore whese status is questionable. I have been, and aa studying two
of these. Their significance aay not be cirectiy proportional to
their size.
3. The wetland adjacent to Snelburne Pond should be included in the
priority list. Aaor.g other v?tues it is of archeological interest.
-V - «-
- --c— A*th tne"present tiae fraae 1 aa not able to subs.it nore
input. I certainly support the efforts of the EPA to protect the
endangered wetlands.
EEK/rdg
30JG 8 ISoo
P • . r r '.
Sincerely,
' * y
E. "Ber.nette Her.scn
Professor of Zoology
r-:>.
, i ¦" : ' I L-; ' .
1 * — w — I • ^ L+
-------
State of Vermont
AGENCY OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION
DEPARTMENT OF HiH AND WILDLIFE
~ 111 V t;'. S;:ce\
Essex Tc:.. VT 05*52
D 255 N. Miir. Street
E.rre, VT 05641
'.ac:
CepE'irncr: c r c •
S:::e Ger : t ::
Nitu'Si P'Sio-p:t:
: - r • e
¦::: Pr'*:. n£:'e;; c
e S C' ¦ CCi E. . * C " """ i ~c — r
^r-se-.'St'Cn Ccunt'
U g U S t C ,
N. . VT Of i£t
;sc:, £-c-::;5
Z r.FD 1. F-.-.:s:*oro Aciscrr.v
?i::s:'c:c. VT C;T£j
'SC2: 4f;-2300
C -
Z :ec Poniir.i Sirec:
S:. »ohn:bury. VT C5£ 19
(tor, 74fc-E7E7
C !
Director
V," ater !•' a r. a g e m. e r. t Division
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
F: e g i c n 1
J.F. Kennedy Federal Building
Eost&n. , MA 02 2 03
Dear Mr. Fierre:
7hr. r. 1: ycu for ycjr recer. t letter t; the Verr.cn t Fish and Wildlife
D i •; i r t - c r: t c onctrnini;' the current update of the List cf Priority
V e 11 a r d s for New England. Please note that we have a new
Ccr.r.issioner, Steve E. Vright, for whom this response is being
p r^irec.
In reviewing the materials relative to Vermont, (excerpts
extracted and enclosed separately) I fcund that several of our
-est important wetland areas and river systems for wildlife and
fisheries were not included. Attached is a list of additional
wetland systems, primarily rivers and lakeside marshes, which
shculc be added to the E.P.A. listing for Vermont. Their locations
are shewn on Figure III-1 of your report (attached).
Please let me know if I can be of additional assistance.
Sincerely,
Thomas R. Myers
State Waterfowl Biologist
cc: Benjamin V. Day, Director of V.'ildlife
Carl Pagel, State Wetlands Coordinator
RE
¦pr,/--.
w-i v Li,'
^ 7
PA
iv
:::;i t:rm
-------
E.P.A. LIST OF PRIORITY WETLANDS FOR NEW ENGLAND
Additional listings of important wildlife and fisheries related
wetlands for Vermont .
1. Lake Chanplain-lakeside ir.arshes and river delta wetlands
along eastern shore of Lake Champlair. .
2. Lake .Champ 1 a in-1he "Narrows". Riverine type wetlands
comprising southern portion of Lake Char.plain
from Benson Landing, south.
3. Missisauoi River-river and adjacent wetlands
^. Lamoille River-river and adjacent wetlands
5. Vinooski River-river and adjacent wetlands
6. Little Ctter Creek-river and adjacent wetlands
7. Otter Creek-river and adjacent wetlands
8. East Creek-river and adjacent wetlands
9. Lake Memphrenagog-lakeside marshes, especially those of
South Bay.
10. Lake Memphremagog-Elack, Barton and Clyde Rivers
11. White River and its tributaries(anadranous salmon restora-
tion program) .
-------
.1 »• - u
State of Vermont
I •
%:
*.
agency of environmental conservation
¦ 4
Dec?
D>rt
3
Montpclier, Vermont 05f
Department of Water Regoui
and
.. es.,.c 2n; Kecss'.ion Environmental Enginee
e<~.\ c F.*:cj'Cps & Eiv,:rcn,nen:s: Engineering
Nsiu'a' P?Swt"C£5 Cr^st'W'g!ion, CoJ^C
S'-cTfe Gf-:.c? :*
July 2 E , ISS6
Kr. David /v. Fierra, Director
Kater Management Division
U.S. rnvircnrental Protection Agency
J. F. Kennedy Federal Building
BcEtcn, Massachusetts C2203
Dear Mr. Pierre:
Thank you for your letter concerning the question of
designating important wetlands under 404(c) and Section 230.80 of
the :?r. 404(b)(1) guidelines.
As I an sure you are aware, the Verr.cnt General Assembly
this year enacted a law for the protection of wetlands. Under
that lav the VTater Resources Board is to devise a process by
vhich to designate those wetlands which are so significant that
they rerit protection by the state. The Department is presently
verging on policies and rules vith the Water Resources Board with
the goal of designating wetlands for public consideration.
In view of this on-going process we would prefer leaving
tine for the Eoard and the public to cake their preferences known
about which wetlands they consider to be significant, rather than
fcr the Department to prejudge this process. Uhen the
designation process is complete this inforration nay further your
work*on advanced identification of important wetlands.
It is also our feeling that sites should not be designated
pursuant to the process vhich you describe without an opportunity
for the public in the area of concern to formally corment on your
proposals. If you feel it is necessary to designate sites in
Vermont in advance of actions by the Water Resources Board we
vrill assist you in identifying parties vho should be contacted as
part of a public hearing notification process.
Thank you for the opportunity to coaaent on your work.
S^ncer^y,
Davtcf'L. Clough, Director
V.'ater Quality Division
DLC/£BS/vjb
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State of Vermont
AGENCY OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION
Montpelier, Vermont 05602
DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND VILDLlFt
Cfr- sis- enc V.:'S,:,e
= " —c-: :¦ -c"ts:s, and F-c:'ei\.cr.
C'cCr'irr-t.-*, c' Victc*' Resources & env.rorrrierv.5' Enzine*rinc
£*£*.£ GfrCiO^S'
Na:ur«. Co-serveiion Council
A'jgust 11, 1986
.'•.r. Devic I.. Fierra, Director
Ks;er !'.anaceaent Division
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Region 1
J.F.K. Federal Building
Eoston, MA E22C3
Dear Kr. Fierra:
I as responding to your request for assistance from the
S-ate of Vermont in"revising your List of Priority Wetlands.
Ycu should also have received a reply from our State Waterfowl
Eiclccist, Thoaas Myers-.
Kr. Nyers has added Vermont's most important wetlands to
vcur list. Certainly there are other valuable wetlands in
Vermont, but I am hesitant to add to the list for two reasons.
First, I am uncertain of just what constitutes a "priority
vetle.no." Your mailing provides some guidance but the selection
is stiil quite subjective. I am not sure how far to go.
Secondly, a listing of this nature can not be completed
hastily. Your material only recently reached my desk. To do a
thcrc-ugh job I would want enough time to solicit reviews and
comments from each of our District Fisheries Biologists.
v;or>;ing within the time available, I feel Mr. Myers' list is
reasonably complete.
Should a more in-cepth effort be needed in the future, I
would be happy to participate, given a little more time and
ccttil. In the interim, I trust that Kr. Kyers' revision is
t-iiicient.
Sincerely,
Rooerick K
Asst. Director of Fisheries
,,— , A 6 L^S^J
Rooerick Kentworth \
* ». / 11 g/3 7
c.*. Cflcl !, St etc- i.'ct lends Coordinator
mrjf.oiS Jcnmtjury
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L'OSX
Abbey Pond, VT (p. 110)
Alz^n Bop, MI (p. 4 5)
an^iro-oj- fish, ME (o. 40)
Creo':, CT (p. *) *
Bsc'.; River, CT (p. 27)
Barrinrton River, RI (p. 97)
Bruer For-:, CT (p. 8)
Ssli-B Isle Marsh, MA (p. 62)
Benton Hill Fen, CT (p. 9)
biiris r-::. 5, 4 3, 61, BO, 95, 108)
Bradford Mountain S*'amp, CT (p. 10)
Bride Brook Estuary, CT (p. 11)
Buzzard's Fay, MA "(p. 63)
Cavibcu Bog, ;Z (p. 49)
Lake Champlain, VT (p. Ill)
Cnero Bog, VZ (p. 46)
Cnickerir.g Bog, VT (p. 112)
Coastal Plain Pond shore Community, MA (p. 57)
Cochato River, MA (p. 64)
Cccinc'nau? River, CT (p. 12)
Colchester Boo, vt (p. 113)
Ccngar"cnd La'-.es and Bog, MA (p. 65)
Connecticut River, CT,MA,NH,VT(pp.l3,66,81,114)
Ccpps Pon.i ani Copps Pond Marsh, NH (p. 82)
Cornwall S.:amp, vr (p. 115)
Dea3 Creek Marsh, VT (p. 116)
Dorset Marsh, VT (p. 117)
drinking «".ter (pp. 4, 41, 59, 77, 93, 107)
Dry Brook, MA (p. 75)
ducks (pp. 1, 37, 56, 91)
Dun-tan River, ME (p. 47)
East Creek Marsh, VT (p. 118)
East River, CT (p. 14)
Eelgrass beds, ME (p. 39)
Essex River, MA (p. 67)
Exeter River, NH (p. 83)
FarTnill River, CT (p. 15)
Farmington River, CT (p. 16)
Fifield Pond Bog, VT (p. 119)
French River, MA (p. 68)
Franklin Bog, VT (p. 120)
Glastonbury, CT (p. 31)
Gr»?at Bay Estuary, NH (p. 87)
Great Cedar Swamp, MA (p. 69)
Great Meadows, CT (p. 17)
Greenwich Bay, RI (p» 96)
groundwater,CT (p. 6)
Haroror.35S3tt Marshes, CT (p. 18)
Ha Tipton, I'JH (p. 78)
Hartford County, CT (p. 2)
Hockamock Swamp, MA (p. 70)
Hoosic River, MA (p. 71)
Housa tonic River, CT, MA (pp. 19, 72)
Hundred Acre Cove, NH (p. 97)
impoundments (pp. 4,41,59,77,93,107)
Intervale, VT (p. 121)
Kickemuit River, RI (p. 98)
Lamprey River, NH (p. 84)
Little Bay Estuary, NH (p. 87)
Little Narragansett Bay, CT (p. 20)
Long Pond S.-.'=rp, VT (p. 122)
Lonsdale Marshes, RI (p. 99)
Mattabessatt-River, CT (p. 21)
Lake Memphrernegog, VT (p. 123)
Menunketesuck River, CT (p. 22)
Merrimack River, MA, NH (pp. 73, 85)
Mianus River, CT (p. 23)
Middlesex County, CT (p. 2, 3)
Missisguoi Marsh, VT (p. 124)
Mystic River, CT (p. 25)
Molly Bog, VI (p. 125)
Moore Brook, CT (p. 24)
Moosup River, RI (p. 100)
New Hampshire, southeast (p. 79)
New Haven Harbor, CT (p. 26)
North Hampton, NH (p. 78)
North Mill Porri, NH (p. 86)
Old Orchard Beach, ME (p. 48)
Orono Bog, MS (p. 49)
Oyster River, CT (p. 27)
Palmer River, RI (p. 101)
Pataguansett River Estuary, CT (p. 28)
Pawcatuck River, RI (p. 102)
Pawtuxet River, RI (p. 103)
Baacham Bog, VT (p. 126)
peatlands, ME (pp. 38, 44)
Penobscot River, ME (p. 50)
Pettaquomscott River, RI (p. 104)
Pine Creek, CT (p. 29)
Pine River, MA (p. 74)
Piscata^ua River, NH (p. 87)
Potoworr,ut River, RI (p. 105)
Potts Bog, RI (p. 106)
Pownal Bog, VT (p. 127)
Rachel Carson NNR, ME (p. 54)
Revere River, MA (p. 74)
Robbins Swamp, CT (p. 30)
Rocky Hill, CT (p. 31)
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Route 128, MA (p. 60)
Route 495, MA (p. 60)
Rutland County, VT (p. 109)
Rye, NH (p. 78)
Saco Heath, ME (p. 51)
Salisbury Swamp, VT (p. 128)
Salt Ponds, RI (p. 92)
Sandbar Marsh, VT (p. 129)
Saugus River, MA (p. 74)
Saugatuck River, CT (p. 32)
Scanton Bog, VT (p. 130)
Scarborough River, ME (p. 47)
Schenob Brook, MA (p. 75)
Seaplane Basin, MA (p. 74)
sole-source aquifers, MA, RI (pp. 58, 94)
Squabble Brook, CT (p. 33)
Still River, CT (p. 34)
Sucker Brook, CT (p. 35)
Sugar River, NH (p. 88)
Sunkhaze Bog, ME (p. 52)
Sweedens Swamp, MA (p. 76)
Thar.es River, CT (p. 36)
tidal/freshwater transition zones, ME (p. 42)
Lake Umbagog, ME, NH (pp. 53, 89)
Vernon Black Gum Swamp, VT (p. 131)
West Rutland Marsh, VT (p. 132)
V.7ethersfield Meadows, CT (p. 31)
Windsor County, VT (p. 109)
Lake Winnipesauke, NH (p. 90)
\food River, RI (p. 102)
York River, ME (p. 55)
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