t	SUPERFUND
Records Of Decision
Update
From: Hazardous Site Control Division	February 20, 1987
To: EPA Regional Offices	Vol. 3, No. 1
PEPPER'S STEEL AND
ALLOYS (PSA)
REGION IV
DESCRIPTION OF REMEDY
AND USE OF LEACH TESTS
TO HELP ESTABLISH CLEAN-
UP LEVELS
Background
The 30-acre PSA site is located
on Northwest South River Drive
in Medley, Florida. Business
operations at the site have
resulted in the contamination of
soils that lie over the Biscayne
aquifer. The endangerment
assessment conducted for the
PSA site identified PCBs, lead,
and arsenic as present in soils at
the site in concentrations high
enough to pose a significant
threat to public health or the
environment.
After various alternatives to pro-
tect the aquifer from site con-
tamination were evaluated, fixa-
tion/solidification was selected
as the best alternative to clean
up the site. PCB-contaminated
soils would be excavated and
solidified; soils contaminated
with heavy metals would be
stabilized by chemical fixation.
This would be accomplished by
mixing soils with cement and fly
ash to form a solid, concrete-like
material (or monolith).
Fieldwork and Results
An extensive testing program
was conducted by EPA and
Florida Power and Light (FP&L)
to determine if the stabilized/
solidified material would retain
its structural integrity and re-
main an effective remedy. Tests
were conducted using actual
soils from the site. These soils
were "spiked" with extra con-
tamination to be sure the tests
were being conducted for the
worst possible contamination at
the site. Solidified cylindrical
samples were created that
mixed soils with fixing agents,
and these were subjected to
many tests. The fixing agent that
met all requirements was a mix-
ture of 40 percent Portland ce-
ment (Type I) and 60 percent fly
ash (Class F). The fixing agent
was mixed with the soil at a 0.5
to 1 ratio on a dry weight basis.
Leach Test
The fixing agent selected (60
percent fly ash, 40 percent ce-
ment) was designed to meet
leaching performance criteria
for lead and PCBs over a
geologic time scale (periods
greater than 100 years). The
FP&L study incorporated three
different leaching tests. Two of
those tests were used to
simulate the leaching scenario
that might occur in the Medley
area. The third (the EP Toxicity
Test) was run to comply with
EPA's request and is not con-
sidered representative of the
leaching processes that may oc-
cur at the PSA site.
Following are the three leaching
procedures used in the FP&L
study and their intended use:
1.	Modified version of the
MCC-1 Static Leach Test-
used to determine the con-
stituent concentrations as
they approached equili-
brium between the fixed
soils and leachate,
2.	Modified ANS 16.1 Multiple
Extraction Procedure —
used to measure the
fractional release of a given
component fromaspeci-
men, and
3.	EP Toxicity Test — used to
determine whether or not a
material is classified as EP
toxic under RCRA hazar-
dous waste rules (40 CFR
261).
Residual Management
The objectives of the monitoring
program for the PSA site are to:
1.	Establish baseline water-
quality data on analytes of
concern in the bedrock
aquifer, prior to remediation;
2.	Continue characterization of
the flow field below the site;
3.	Make a periodic assess-
ment of water quality for
lead and arsenic in the
bedrock aquifer; and
4.	Make a periodic assess-
ment of PCBs below the
monolith to test, the
monolith's effectiveness.
The monitoring program will be
performed in three stages:

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1.	Baseline monitoring,
2.	Remediation monitoring,
and
3.	Post-remediation data
monitoring.
The monitored parameters of
concern and field measure-
ments are:
1.	PCBs at 1.0 Mg/I detection
limit, in monolith wells only,
2.	Lead at 1.0 pg/l detection
limit,
3.	Arsenic at 1.0 jug/l detection
limit,
4.	pH measured in the field
and checked in the lab, and
5.	Specific conductance
measured in the field and
checked in the lab.
The action levels established for
the PSA remedy are:
1.	PCBs at 7 hqI\ in monolith
wells,
2.	Lead at 50 iug/l in monitoring
well series, and
3.	Arsenic at 50 ^g/l in monitor-
ing well series.
If monitoring confirms that
levels have been exceeded, then
a review will be conducted to
determine which, if any, re-
medial measures need to be
taken to address the situation. If
monitoring does not confirm
that levels have been exceeded,
monitoring for water quality in
the well in which the exceeding
of levels may have occurred will
be conducted on a quarterly
basis for 1 year. The entire
monitoring program will be re-
assessed 3 years after remedia-
tion is completed and/or if long-
term changes in ground water
flow directions are determined.
Contact:
•	Region: John Kroske
FTS 257-2643
ROD SUMMARIES
VESTAL WATER SUPPLY
WELL 1-1
REGION II
NEW YORK
(Approved 6/27/86)
Description:
•	A chemical spill in 1978 pre-
cipitated extensive testing of
selected water supply wells in
the city of Vestal, New York.
Volatile organic compounds
(VOCs) were found in two of
the water supply wells, al-
though it was determined that
the VOCs probably did not
result from the 1978 spill. The
two wells were placed on the
NPL as one site but were later
separated when it was deter-
mined that the probable
sources of contamination for
each well were different. The
concentration of total VOCs
in April 1985 was 241 ppb in
Well 1-1. The City of Vestal re-
ceived an NPDES permit to
discharge the water from Well
1-1 directly into the Sus-
quehanna River. No surface
contamination was found at
the site, although borings
showed the possibility of a
contaminant source at depths
greater than 5 feet.
Decision:
•	Construct a packed-column
air stripping system on Well
1-1; treat water to 10~6 cancer
risk for trichloroethene ex-
posure; discharge treated
water into water supply
system.
•	Conduct a supplemental re-
medial investigation/feasibil-
ity study to determine the
nature and extent of contami-
nation in suspected source
areas.
Contacts:
•	Region: Ed Als
FTS 264-0522
•	Headquarters: Bob Quinn
FTS 382-2350
(Also see "Onsite Insights")
INDUSTRIAL LANE SITE
REGION III
PENNSYLVANIA
(Approved 9/29/86)
Description:
•	The site covers approximate-
ly 2 square miles and in-
cludes a state-permitted
landfill, several existing and
historic industrial sites, relic
iron ore extraction areas, and
residences. Some industrial
operations at the site date
from 1840. The area is geo-
logically complex. Low-level
ground water contamination
was detected in 1980 in
private wells. Further studi
during the remedial in
vestigation confirmed the
existence of contamination
including tetrachloro-
ethene, trichloroethene,
1,1,1-trichloroethane, and
chloroform up to a 2x10 5
cancer risk level.
Decision:
•	Provide alternative water
supply to affected residents
by hooking up to local mu-
nicipal water supply.
•	Seal private wells on an in-
dividual basis if requested by
owner.
•	Source and areawide ground
water contamination will be
addressed by PRPs in subse-
quent operable units.
Contacts:
•	Region: Lorna Shull
FTS 597-6906
•	Headquarters: Lisa Feldt
FTS 475-8246
LIMESTONE ROAD
REGION III
MARYLAND
(Approved 9/30/86)
Description:
•	Two adjacent parcels totaling
210 acres were used for the
disposal of both clean fill and
hazardous wastes. Wastes
were put in ravines and in an
abandoned limestone quarry.
One hundred and ten tons of
sludge that contained
chromium were disposed of
at the site. Organics have also
been found at the site. The 18
nearby residences all use
ground water as a water sup-
ply. The nature of the bedrock
in the area creates the poten-
tial for the potable ground
water to become contarr*
nated.
Decision:
•	Cap site; contain soil onsite
and fence.

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•	Complete studies including a
chemical analysis of shale;
continue monitoring surface
water and shallow ground
water; conduct historical
review of geologic literature;
reevaluate background con-
trol points.
Contacts:
•	Region: Stephany Del Re
FTS 597-3161
•	Headquarters: Lisa Feldt
FTS 475-8246
DISTLER FARM
REGION IV
KENTUCKY
(Approved 8/19/86)
Description:
• This 3-acre area was dis-
covered in 1977 by EPA inves-
tigators seeking locations
used by a particular individual
for chemical waste storage
and burial. The site is farm-
land and is adjacent to a
creek. In 1978, the creek
flooded, causing the drums
stored on the surface to be
strewn across the floodplain.
Most of these were recovered,
stored onsite, and later
removed. The drums con-
tained chemicals common to
the paint and varnish industry.
Four burial sites were identi-
fied. No contamination was
found in local private wells,
although there was visible
contamination of soils and a
detectable "pool" of contami-
nants in the ground water
including chromium, lead,
common VOCs, and base-
neutrals. In February 1984,
during the Rl process, an
emergency response action
was undertaken on the four
burial sites. Following the re-
moval of 120 drums and 2,620
smaller containers, the site
was backfilled, graded, culti-
vated, and seeded.
Decision:
» Excavate remaining contami-
nated soil to background
levels; backfill; dispose of ex-
cavated soil in offsite ap-
proved landfill; grade surface
and revegetate.
•	Extract contaminated ground
water pool; temporarily store
onsite; transport to POTW. In-
ject uncontaminated water
back into aquifer. Continue
process until background
levels are reached.
Contacts:
•	Region: Nancy Redgate
FTS 257-2643
•	Headquarters: Lisa Feldt
FTS 475-8246
HIPPS ROAD
REGION IV
FLORIDA
(Approved 9/3/86)
Description:
•	A cypress swamp was filled
in with a variety of wastes.
The resulting upland area
was subdivided and sold as
lots. Three different sampl-
ing events in 1983 confirmed
the existence of a wide vari-
ety of VOCs in the underly-
ing aquifer, which was used
as drinking water. Emer-
gency bottled water was pro-
vided by the local govern-
ment, and city water lines
were extended to the af-
fected area in the same year.
Decision:
•	Close landfill site in accor-
dance with RCRA Subtitle D
and Florida Administrative
Code.
•	Relocate residents affected
by site closure with the
cooperation of FEMA.
•	Treat contaminated ground
water to a 10-® cancer risk
level. Use local POTW to
treat to meet NPDES permit
standards.
•	Implement institutional con-
trols, including fencing the
site.
Contacts:
•	Region: Kristina Teepin
FTS 257-2643
•	Headquarters: Lisa Feldt
FTS 475-8246
GENEVA INDUSTRIES
REGION VI
TEXAS
(Approved 9/18/86)
Description:
•	The site is a 13.5-acre aban-
doned refinery within a
floodplain just outside the
city limits of Houston. A vari-
ety of organic compounds
were produced at the site from
1967 to the present, including
biphenyl, PCBs, phenyl
phenol, naphtha, and fuel oils.
Other solvents and aromatic
hydrocarbons were used dur-
ing manufacturing. A planned
removal removed all offsite
soils containing greater than
50 ppm PCBs, and a cap was
installed over onsite PCB-
contaminated soils. Potable
ground water is supplied by
two aquifers in the area, one
at a 30-foot depth and the
other at a 100-foot depth. The
aquifer at the 30-foot depth is
contaminated with VOCs, as
is a small portion of the
aquifer at the 100-foot depth.
Decision:
•	Remove and dispose of sur-
face structures, excavated
soils exceeding 100 ppm
PCBs, and excavated drums
offsite at an approved RCRA
facility.
•	Construct a multilayered sur-
face cap and a slurry wall
around perimeter of site; con-
nect wall to existing underly-
ing clay layer.
•	Recover ground water con-
taminated with greater than 1
ppb TCE from both the aqui-
fers; treat with carbon adsorp-
tion and discharge into
floodplain.
Contacts:
•	Region: Don Williams
FTS 729-9742
•	Headquarters: Debby
Swichkow
FTS 382-2453

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ODESSA CHROMIUM I and II
REGION VI
TEXAS
(Approved 9/8/86)
Description:
• The Trinity Aquifer was the
only source of potable ground
water for a 500-acre area to
the north and west of the City
of Odessa, an area that in-
cludes homes and commer-
cial and industrial operations.
Two metal plating operations
— a radiator and supply busi-
ness and a manufacturer of
water coolant additives — are
the suspected sources of
chromium and metals conta-
mination in the Trinity Aquifer.
Many residents of the af-
fected area use bottled water.
The subject of two separate
focused feasibility studies
was the provision of potable
water to currently conta-
minated wells or those that
could be contaminated within
24 months.
Decision:
•	Negotiate agreements with
the City of Odessa and con-
sumers to extend city water
system to affected con-
sumers.
•	Construct an extension to
water distribution system.
Contacts:
•	Region: Paul Sieminski
FTS 729-2738
•	Headquarters: Debby
Swichkow
FTS 382-2453
SIKES DISPOSAL PITS
REGION VI
TEXAS
(Approved 9/18/86)
Description:
•	Sand pits on the site were
used during the 1960s for the
disposal of chemical wastes
and sludges from area petro-
chemical industries. One
family lives onsite, and many
other people visit areas near
the site for recreation. Two
underlying aquifers are
sources of drinking water. The
upper aquifer is contaminated
with a wide variety of or-
ganics; the lower aquifer is
not. The site floods frequen*
ly, and portions of it are within
the 10- and 50-year floodplains
of the San Jacinto River. This
is one of the oldest NPL sites.
Decision:
•	Incinerate sludges and conta-
minated soils onsite; dispose
of residue onsite.
•	Restrict use of upper aquifer
onsite, allowing it to naturally
attenuate to 10-5 risk level;
monitor lower aquifer.
•	Discharge contaminated sur-
face water to river; treat as
necessary to meet state sur-
face water criteria and other
relevant criteria.
Contacts:
•	Region: Marilyn Plitnik
FTS 729-9745
•	Headquarters: Debby
Swichkow
FTS 382-2453
ONSITE INSIGHTS _
SOIL VAPOR EXTRACTION
REGION V
An innovative technique for re-
moving VOCs from soil will be
under construction this summer
at the Verona Well Field site.
The technique, called "soil vapor
extraction," uses vacuum wells
installed in the unsaturated soil
layer (the vadose zone) to re-
move volatile contaminants
either by capture on activated
carbons or through thermal
destruction. The site is highly
contaminated, and this techni-
que was chosen as the best way
to minimize airborne con-
taminants. The soil vapor extrac-
tion system has been used suc-
cessfully at several private in-
dustry sites. At many Superfund
sites, use of this system may
necessitate supplemental air
emission control.
Contacts:
•	Region: John Tanaka
FTS 353-9081
•	Headquarters: Randy
Kaltreider
FTS 382-2448
A LINE ON RODS mm
FY '87 RODS
A ROD was signed in FY '87 for
the Gurley Pit, AR, site, prior to
the passage of SARA. This ROD
was signed on October 6, 1986.
Three RODS were signed in
Region VI during the 30-day
grandfather period after the new
Superfund legislation became
law (October 17, 1986):
Site/State	Date Signed
Bayou Sorrel, LA	11/14/86
Hardage/Criner, OK 11/14/86
Mid-South, AR	11/14/86
The ROD for the Ottati and
Goss, NH, site in Region I was
signed on January 16,1987. This
site represents the first ROD
signed under SARA.
NEW ROD COORDINATOR
Debby Swichkow ha^ assumed
Betsy Shaw's responsibilities as
coordinator of Headquarters
ROD activities, including the
preparation of the ROD Update.
Please contact Debby at FTS
382-2453 if you have any ques-
tion or suggestions.

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