United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Administration And
Resources Management
(PM-221A)
December 1992
EP A/220/N-92-013
c/EPA CARIBBEAN
CURRENTS
Vol. 2, No. 1	
HEADQUARTERS LIBRARY
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20460
Welcome...
tQ;1he first issue of Volume two of Caribbean
Currents—the quarterly newsletter for INFOTERRA
National Focal Points in the English and French-
speaking Caribbean.
In^ftss issue we will take a look at how you can
pqs|f|re answers for your patrons before you get their
'qilegjions. If you have any experiences with
prfSStive services, or if you have any questions or
dimples you'd like to share, send them in. A
collection of National Focal Point (NFP) responses
and ideas will be a part of the next issue.
Volume 2, Number 2 will be published on March 1st
1992. Your input is valuable? The deadline for
submissions is January 15, but feel free to send in
contributions any time. Contact your Regional
Service Centre (RSC) if you have any questions or
submissions.
fr
IN THIS ISSUE


FEATURE ARTICLE:
Proactive Services	p.1
INFOTERRA IDEAS:
A Sample Bibliography on Waste
Incineration			.p.3
Bibiliographies from the RSC	p.5
TIPs Directories Available	p.6
Jump Into the Currents	p.6
AROUND THE REGION:
News from Dominica, Guyana, and
Jamaica	p.7
Upcoming Conference	p.7
INFOTERRA NFP Directory	p.8
dJ
PROACTIVE SERVICES
Getting the most from youF tlme and effort
As a part of the INFOTERRA Information Network,
each National Focal Point (NFP) provides a number
of information services to a variety of patrons. In
responding to these information needs, the NFP must
be able to access an array of information and select
those items which are best suited for the patron in
question. The process of meeting a patron's
information needs can be made much easier by
establishing proactive services and tools.
What are Proactive Services?
There are two ways that information professionals
can respond to the needs of their patrons. They can
be REACTIVE, answering each question as it comes
and then moving on to the next issue. Or they can
develop PROACTIVE tools before the questions
come in, so that some of the work that goes into
answering a request is done in advance.
REACTIVE Service:
•	meets the specific, individual needs of the
patron
•	tailors responses to the type of patron
(professional, academic, etc.)
But also...
•	requires starting from scratch with each
question
•	leaves room for inconsistency in responses
PROACTIVE Service:
•	saves time and effort
•	streamlines operations
•	lends itself to greater consistency
But can...
•	overlook specific items of interest to a given
patron
•	lead to impersonal service
The key is to combine proactive tools with a reactive
service. This way you can save time and energy
providing the responses to frequently asked
questions, and devote more time to tailoring your
answers to the individual needs of the information
client.
(continued on page 2)
Printed on Recycled Paper

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PROACTIVE SERVICES
(continued from page 1)
Information Services Tools
There are many different ways that you can make
your information service more efficient and effective.
Everyone uses some sort of proactive tools
everyday, without even thinking about it. Just having
to deal with similar questions on a regular basis
provides an internal proactive tool. Each time you
answer a question, you are better prepared to
answer a similar question.
You can extend this kind of activity, however, by
taking time to analyze your service and prepare
products to answer common questions and deal with
typical information needs. Some examples of
proactive tools are:
•	Form letters for answering simple, common
questions
•	Bibliographies of key documents on
common topics
•	Newsletters, to share information with your
patrons before they ask for it
•	Information or document packages like the
Technical Information Packages (TIPs)
•	A list of frequently requested publications
with ordering information
•	A list of contact names and phone numbers
of experts on key issues.
Designing information tools
All of these tools, which are quite different in form
and application, have certain common elements,
they are:
•	Useful
•	Pertinent
•	Current.
Usefulness: It is easy to become so involved in
designing tools that you overlook the main reasons
for creating them in the first place—to make life
easier. If you receive numerous requests for
documents and information on leachate testing, a list
of experts on this field would be very useful to have.
If you've only ever received one or two questions
about acid rain, however, it would not be an effective
use of your time to design a form letter to address
that topic. Make sure that you will actually be able to
make use of the tools you design—in the long run
they will save you time and effort.
Pertinence: The tools you create should specifically
address topics of interest. Include only the most
important documents on a bibliography, so that you
will oveiwhelm neither yourself nor your patron with
too much information. Keep lists of experts short so
that you can find the information you need when you
need it.
Currency: Make sure you check the accuracy of the
information on a regular basis. Prices of items on a
publications list may change, or the items may go out
of print. Experts may move, change phone numbers,
or retire. If the information included in your proactive
tools becomes too outdated it loses credibility, and
you will spend more time correcting errors than you
would have spent checking the information regularly.
You should review each product on a regular
schedule, at least once a year.
An Example: The Bibliography
One of the most useful tools you can have for
meeting frequent information needs is a concise
bibliography of pertinent documents. Certain topics
will be of common interest to most of your patrons
and comprise the bulk of your reference questions. If
you have compiled a brief list of the most useful
items to address these topics, you're ready to answer
these questions as soon as you get them.
You can easily build a simple bibliography using the
following steps:
•	Select your topic
•	Compile a list of documents
•	Refine it and print it
•	Use it
•	Update and revise it periodically.
Selecting a topic: Consider your frequent information
requests. Choose a topic which is frequently asked
and of clear interest to most of your users. Make
sure that you do not select a topic which is so broad
that it loses focus (like pollution) or so narrow that it
has limited appeal (like marine disposal of textile
industry wastes).
Compiling a list: Take some time to collect a list of all
the documents you think are relevant to your topic.
At this point, include anything related to your subject.
Refining the list: Once you have finished your basic
list, go through and remove the items which are less
appropriate. Remove any outdated, out of print, or
less relevant materials from the list. Don't worry if
your final list seems short. A simple, one-page
bibliography can be invaluable. It's better to keep to
the point than to be too long and lose usefulness.
Print the list in an easy-to-read, attractive format.
Make it look interesting, so that it will appeal to its
intended autience.
(continued on page 5)

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INFOTERRA IDEAS
E
The following is a sample bibliography assembled by the RSC We have recently had a number of questions
about waste incineration, and this bibliography was enormously helpful in responding to these questions
quickly and effectively. It also saved time and effort when the next batch of incineration questions came in.
Copies of this and many other bibliographies are available from the RSC.
WASTE INCINERATION BIBLIOGRAPHY
TITLE:	Air Emissions from the Incineration of Hazardous Waste.
Author:	Oppelt, E. T.
Publisher:	Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH. Risk Reduction Engineering Lab.
Year:	1990
NTIS Stock #: PB91-149641
EPA Report #: EPA/600/J-90/324
TITLE:	Assessment of Incineration as a Treatment Method for Liquid Organic Hazardous
Wastes.
Publisher:	Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation.
Year:	1985
Summary and Conclusions.
NTIS Stock #:	PB86-162740
EPA Report #:	EPA/230/02-86/002
Background Report 1. Description of Incineration Technology.
NTIS Stock #:	PB86-162757
EPA Report #:	EPA/230/02-86/003
Background Report 2. Assessment of Emerging Alternative Technologies.
NTIS Stock#:	PB86-162765
EPA Report #:	EPA/230/02-86/004
Background Report 3. Asst. of the Commercial Hazardous Waste Incineration Market.
NTIS Stock#:	PB86-162773
EPA Report #:	EPA/230/02-86/005
TITLE:	Cleaning of Municipal Waste Incinerator Flue Gas in Europe.
Author:	Brna, T. G.; Ellison, W.; Jorgensen, C.
Publisher:	Environmental Protection Agency, Air and Energy Engineering Research Lab.
Year:	1988
NTIS Stock#:	PB88-160304
EPA Report #:	EPA/600/D-88/015
TITLE:	Engineering Handbook for Hazardous Waste Incineration.
Author:	Bonner, T. A.; Cornett, C. L. ; Desai, B. O.; Fullenkamp, J. M.; Hughes, T. W.
Publisher:	Monsanto Research Corp.;Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste.
Year:	1981
NTIS Stock#:	PB81-248163
EPA Report #:	MRC-DA-1090; EPA-68-03-3025; EPA/SW-889
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WASTE INCINERATION BIBLIOGRAPHY

PAGE 2
TITLE:
Guidance Manual for Hazardous Waste Incinerator Permits.
Publisher:
MITRE Corp. ;Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency

Response.
Year:
1983
NTIS Stock #:
PB84-100577
EPA Report #:
EPA-68-01-0092; EPA/SW-966
TITLE:
Hazardous Waste Incinerator Performance Evaluations by the United States

Environmental Protection Agency.
Author:
Oberacker, D. A.
Publisher:
Environmental Protection Agency, Hazardous Waste Engineering Research Lab.
Year:
1984
NTIS Stock#:
PB85-138188
EPA Report #:
EPA/600/D-84-285
TITLE:
Incineration of Solid Waste.
Author:
Lee, C. C.; Huffman, G. L.; Stelmack, S.
Publisher:
Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH. Risk Reduction Engineering Lab.
Year:
1989
NTIS Stock #:
PB91-196238
EPA Report #:
E PA/600/J-89/531
TITLE:
Incinerator and Kiln Capacity for Hazardous Waste Treatment.
Author:
Vogel, G. A.; Goldfarb, A. S.; Zier, R. E.; Jewell, A.
Publisher:
MITRE Corp.;Environmental Protection Agency Hazardous Waste Engineering

Research Lab.
Year:
1986
NTIS Stock #:
PB87-110896
EPA Report #:
EPA-68-03-3159; EPA/600/2-86/093
TITLE:
Overview of Hazardous/Toxic Waste Incineration.
Author:
Lee, C. C.; Huffman, G. L.; Oberacker, D. A.
Publisher:
Environmental Protection Agency, Hazardous Waste Engineering Research Lab.
Year:
1986
NTIS Stock#:
PB87-166245
EPA Report #:
E PA/600/J-86/281
TITLE:
Practical Guide - Trial Burns for Hazardous Waste Incinerators.
Author:
Gorman, P.; Hathaway, R.; Wallace, D.; Trenholm, A.
Publisher:
Midwest Research Inst.; Environmental Protection Agency, Hazardous Waste

Engineering Research Lab.
Year:
1986
NTIS Stock#:
PB86-190246
EPA Report #:
EPA-68-03-3149; EPA/600/2-86/050
TITLE:
Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC) Procedures for Hazardous Waste

Incineration. Handbook.
Author:
Dux, T.; Gilford, P.; Bergman, F.; Boomer, B.; Hooton, D.
Publisher:
Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH, Center for Environmental

Research Information.
NTIS Stock#:
PB91-145979
EPA Report #:
EPA/625/6-89/023
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PROACTIVE SERVICES
(Continued from page 2)
Using your list: Once the bibliography is finished,
you're ready to use it. When you receive a question
on the topic, you can:
•	Give the bibliography to a patron
•	Use the bibliography to collect documents
to send to a requestor
•	Start with the bibliography and add other
materials to tailor a response to a more
specific question.
Be
Prepared!_
The other benefit of proactive
services: Sharing
One of the great things about a proactive tool is that
you can share it. If you have a bibliography on a
topic, let the other NFPs know. As information
professionals in the environmental arena, all the
NFPs in the Region, as well as the RSC, respond to
similar questions. A tool which is useful to you may
very well be useful to someone else as well.
Don't wait until someone asks, go ahead and share
your ideas and tools with the other NFPs. Feel free
to send anything you develop to the RSC for
inclusion in the Currents. And if you have a
question or a problem in getting your proactive
services going, ask around. Somebody else may
have already solved that problem. Share your
problems, products and successes around the
network—and everyone can benefit!
[ An example of a topical bibliography
I	is on page 3.
Bibliographies From the RSC
INFOTERRA/USA has assembled a number of short bibliographies on frequently-requested environmental
topics. (For an example, see pages 3-4.) You may find these lists helpful both in answering questions from
your patrons and in designing biblbgraphies of your own.
Currently, there are bibliographies available on:
•	The Tanning and Textiles Industries
•	Agricultural Uses of Sewage Sludge
•	Waste Incineration
•	Landfill Leachates
•	Pollution Prevention
•	Medical Wastes
•	Wastewater Testing Methods.
If any of these topics are of .interest to you, just let us know. The RSC is happy to provide copies of any or all
of these bibliographies to you.
Many of the documents included on these lists are EPA publicatbns. The RSC can provide microfiche copies
of these documents to any NFP on request. This means that the bibliographies serve both as handy
reference todls and as ordering lists for key publications. If something interests you, just ask. We're here to
work with you.
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TIPs DIRECTORIES AVAILABLE
The U.S. EPA Technical Information Packages (TIPs) have been shipped to all
their depository locations. The TEPs are designed to provide background
information on a number of significant environmental and public health
issues. The depository locations provide free public access to the Packages in
many countries around the world.
The TIPs Directory provides a complete listing of all the depositories. It
includes the name, address, telephone number, and (when available) fax
number for each location. The directories are now available for distribution.
INFOTERRA/USA, operating as the RSC for the English and French Speaking
Caribbean, has numerous copies of the Directory available for distribution. If
you would like copies to distribute from your NFP, just contact the RSC and
let us know how many you would like.


JUMP
INTO THE
CURRENTS
Have you had a particularly successful activity or project
recently? A difficult problem that you could use some help
in solving? How about an interesting publication (like a
brochure or bibliography) that makes your work easier?
Everyone can benefit from sharing these ideas.
As the Newsletter for the English and French-speaking
Caribbean, Caribbean Currents is your opportunity to
communicate with one another. We encourage you to
submit articles for publication. By sharing your ideas,
questions, promotional materials, and problems with each
other, you can make your lives easier and better serve your
patrons.
Your suggestions are also welcome as to topics for the
feature articles. Please let us know if there are topics or
concerns you would like to see addressed in the next
issues.
Send in your ideas and questions. The RSC can put them
together into the newsletter and everyone comes out ahead.
Even a small contribution may make someone else's day.
Remember that the Currents 'ฎ your regional newsletter.
Let's work together to make it a superb product.
So come on, jump into the Currents!
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AROUND THE REGION
NFP Newsnotes
from Jamaica
NFP Resource Registration Activities Intensify: Starting in early November, the Jamaican National Resources
Conservation Authority (NRCA) will intensify its source registration drive. The objectives of this exercise are
to:
•	reregister forty-one existing sources
•	register an additional twenty-five new sources.
It is expected that by mid-December a national registry of INFOTERRA sources will be produced for local use.
The most recent International Directory includes nine Jamaican sources.
NFP Welcomes New Director of Public Environmental Education: Mrs. Lawayne Jefferson recently assumed
duties as head of the NRCA's information section. This section comprises the library which serves as the
seat of NFP activities. We expect that Mrs. Jefferson's expertise will make for a more vibrant National Focal
Point.
submitted by Sharon O'Connor, INFOTERRA/Jamaica
fr

UPCOMING CONFERENCE
The Second International Conference
On Environmental Management of
Enclosed Coastal Seas, EMECS '93,
will be held in Baltimore, Maryland, USA
on 19-21 July 1993.
For more information, contact:
EMECS Secretariat
c/o University of Maryland CEES
P.O. Box 775
Cambridge, MD 21613
United States
Telephone: (410) 228-9250
^ ^
New Network Partner
A warm welcome to the new INFOTERRA NFP in
Dominica. Dominica joins us as the eighth member
of the English and French-speaking Caribbean
Region. You can contact INFOTERRA/Dominica at:
The Director
Forestry and Wildlife Division
Ministry of Agriculture
Roseau, DOMINICA
Telephone: (809) 8240, ext. 270 and 282
Welcome aboard!
Address Change
Please note the following change of address for
INFOTERRA/Guyana:
Ms. Mavis Taylor
INFOTERRA Officer
c/o UNDP
P.O. Box 10960
Georgetown
GUYANA
Fax: (592-2) 62942
7

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fr
NFP DIRECTORY
(Please notify the RSC of any changes.)
Glenn Archer
Department of Environmental Health Services
P.O. Box N-3729
Nassau, THE BAHAMAS
Telephone: (809) 322-4908 FAX: (809) 426-8959
Marguerite Blemur
Ministere de l'Agriculture et des Resources Naturelles
et du Developpement Rural
P.O. Box 1441
Port-au-Prince, HAITI
Telephone: 509-22-1867	FAX: 509-22-3599
Vemese Inniss
Administrative Officer (Environment)
Ministry of Labour, Consumer Affairs and
the Environment
Marine House, Hastings
St. Michael, 29, BARBADOS
Telephone: (809) 427-2326
FAX: (809) 426-8959
Sharon O'Connor
Natural Resources Conservation DMson
Ministiy of Tourism & the Environment
531/2 Molynes Road, P.O. Box 305
Kingston, JAMAICA
Telephone: (809) 923-5155 FAX: (809) 923-5070
Jaime Villanueva
Fisheries Department
Princess Margaret Drive
P.O. Box 148
Belize City, BELIZE
Telephone: 501-2-44552
FAX: 501-2-32983
John Husbands
Health Planner
Ministry of Health, Labour, Information
Broadcasting, and the Environment
Chausee Road
Castries, ST. LUCIA
Telephone: (809)453-1960 FAX: (809)453-1080
The Director
Forestry and Wildlife Division
Ministry of Agriculture
Roseau, DOMINICA
Telephone: (809) 8240, ext. 270 or 282
Mavis Taylor
INFOTERRA Director
c/o UNDP
P.O. Box 10960
Georgetown, GUYANA
FAX: 592-2 62942
Emma J. McNamara
INFOTERRA/USA
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Headquarters Library
Room 2904, PM-211A
401 M Street, S. W.
Washington, D. C. 20460, USA
Telephone: (202) 260-5917 FAX: (202) 260-3923


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