HANDLING HEALTH IMPACTS Suggestions for Communities Impacted by Energy Developments .S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Energy Activities Denver, Colorado 1977 ------- 13 ^£>0-R--7-7- lit C- I What this is all about... These Suggestions were designed to help communities, especi- ally small ones, to deal with health impacts associated with energy- developments in the Rocky Mountains - Prairie Region. These are not directions for handling specific problems. They are indications of some ways that citizens can go about deciding what kinds of actions are best for their own community. They are "how-to-do" sugges- tions rather than "what-to-do" directions. Efforts were made to provide practical suggestions for communities that are already deal- ing with impacts as well as for communities that expect impacts in the future. Some of the types of assistance that a community may need are outlined, together with sources of help and how to get it. You won't find in these Suggestions a list of clearly defined "problems" and equally straightforward "solutions." The situations faced by impacted communities are just not that simple. The problems that develop must be handled in ways which are appropriate for the specific community where they occur. The technological approaches may be the same for every community but local decisions have to be made as to what is acceptable to the community, how much the citizens are willing to pay, and many other factors. Such determinations require an orderly process. The purpose of these Suggestions is to indicate some ways that this may be done. As indicated later on, a community .cannot deal with health problems in isolation. A variety of other issues -- education, recreation, law enforcement -- must be - considered at the same time. -2- ------- If you have not already done so, you will want to read the Action Handbook for Small Communities Facing Rapid Growth^". This Handbook is a "how to manage" manual for impacted communities. These Suggestions are designed to complement the portions of the Action Handbook relating to health and medical services. Another aid that you also may want to use at the outset is a slide series, with narrative, entitled "Health Effects Associated With Energy Development." This is available from the U.S. Environ- mental Protection Agency, Office of Energy Activities, Denver. These Suggestions are based on a study, extending over more than 18 months, of health impacts experienced by communities and how they were handled. From first hand accounts, direct observa- tions , and reading many reports, an effort has been made to provide a brief summary of what was done in the communities, and what worked and didn't work. Many persons requested that these Suggestions be brief and readable in one short period that might be available to busy people. Requests were made to eliminate details that could be obtained else- where -- just give an overview and sources of information. An attempt has been made to follow this sound advice. Briscoe, Mephis, Murray and Lamont. 1977. Action Handbook for Small Communities Facing Rapid Growth. Prepared for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (Contract 68-01-3579) . -3- ------- What to Expect Residents of communities impacted by energy developments are fully aware of the undesirable conditions that may occur. Rapid population growth may quickly exhaust the resources available for providing personal and government services. If the annual rate of growth is much over five percent, most small communities (less than 1,500 persons) have difficulties in providing for the newcomers; that is, unless adequate preparations for them are made in advance. As many new people move in, available housing is quickly oc- cupied. The new residents then must make temporary arrangements for housing in the community or commute to nearby towns. The tem- porary arrangements may result in tent cities, mobile home areas, trailer parks, and various types of improvised housing. If not carefully managed by the community, possibilities develop for the occurrence of unsanitary conditions that may have serious effects on the health of everyone -- initial residents and newcomers alike. A variety of personal services may also be affected. Recreational facilities soon may become overcrowded. The number of doctors and other health personnel may not be adequate to take care of the additional population. Such shortages create additional threats to health. The citizens of a community are the ..only .persons who can pre-., vent such undesirable conditions or eliminate them if they already: have developed. Let's now look at some of the ways this can be done. -4- ------- What Can Be Done Several courses of action are available to communities in dealing with health impacts: A community can do nothing and let events take care of themselves. The decision makers can deal only with emergency situations. The responsible officials can consider each issue as it is presented and make a decision on their evaluation of each individual case. Planners can be employed to advise the responsible official concerning each issue. A program can be developed to prepare plans for the community that will serve as a guide for community development and as a basis for making decisions. These various approaches, and many variations, have been used by impacted communities. Some have resulted in near disasters. All communities that have coped effectively with health impacts even- tually developed some type of organization to prepare a community health plan that serves as a basis for decisions. The most effec- tive plans were prepared with extensive citizen participation. These plans generally reflect a concensus of the community regarding needs and priority. Hence, they are better supported and more easily implemented than are plans prepared without involvement of the general public. Before making a decision not to develop a systematic plan, talk to officials in communities where impacts came so quickly that time was not available.;.for. planning. Ask them for suggestions. (See References and section on "Sources of Information and Assistance") -5- ------- How to Deal With Health Impacts Kinds of Health Impacts First, we should be specific about the things we are going to consider. Our concern is the undesirable health effects assoc- iated with energy development. There are two kinds: Effects resulting from the toxins and irritants (pollution) generated by industrial processes. Effects caused by rapid growth of communities. Industrial Pollution. The control of industrial pollution is a state-level responsibility and is carried out in accordance with Federal guidelines and enforced by both Federal and state laws and regulations. Most of the industrial developments in the Region are modern and generally employ the most advanced method for pollution control. The probability of serious health hazards from industrial sources is remote. This doesn't mean, however, that dangerous pollution might not occur under some circumstances. Monitoring programs maintained by the responsible state agencies are designed to detect such hazards and to take appropriate control measures should conditions warrant. Rapid Growth. By far the most significant health effects that communities have to handle are those associated with rapid population growth. There are two types of such effects: Impacts on community environmental services. Direct, adverse effects on health of people. The types of environmental services that are most commonly affected -6- ------- include water supply, sewage disposal, solid waste disposal, and environmental sanitation. Direct adverse effects on people include increases in rates of communicable diseases, mental illness, alco- holism, drug abuse, accidents, and other problems. The lack of adequate health and medical services has been perceived as the most important direct health effect in most communities. Approaches to Cope We already have indicated in several ways, the necessity of a systematic approach in dealing with health impacts. This will be mentioned several times more before the end of these Suggestions! Regardless of the form it takes, some type of planning organization is essential to prepare for orderly community growth that will pre- serve the values and provide the services desired by the community. Otherwise the way is open for intuitive decisions. Such decisions often are based on inadequate information and stand a good chance of being less than the best course of action. Simply reacting to emergencies, though sometimes necessary, may be equally undesirable. Appropriate planning, on the other hand, provides a means for making the best possible decision under prevailing circumstances. As far as health impacts are concerned, the planning process in- volves the following: Evaluating health problems and the needs for health services. Consideration of alternative ways to alleviate the problems defined and provide the services needed. Assessment of resources available, or attainable, in the community and determining further needs to carry out the alternative programs. -7- ------- Providing the resulting information in proper form to assist decision makers in selecting the most appropriate program—considering cost, community preferences, efficiency, and other factors. Assiting operating agencies with implementing programs selected by decision makers. Assisting responsible officials with evaluating effectiveness of both new and established programs. Recommending modification of programs to operating agencies and decision makers as changes are indicated. Preparing periodic analyses of health conditions and recommendations for dealing with health problems. The "decision makers" referred to may be a city council, county supervisors, or other legally responsible governing body. "Operating agency" may be a department of local government, a vol- unteer organization, or a contractor responsible for a specific function in the community. Examples are a local health department, a mental health center, and a child day care center. Does all this seem complicated? It really isn't. If you think about the items in the above list, you probably will conclude that many of the activities are being performed already. Some of them probably are being done without adequate data that the planning process would provide. Hence the decisions that are made may not be reliable. Any community that wants to do so can develop a planning organization that is appropriate to meet local needs. An organi- zation consisting of only one person may be adequate for some com- munities. Others may require a large staff, depending on the size of the community and the extent of the impact. Relation of Health Problems to Other Types of Impact. A1though we are considering how to deal with health-related problems in these -8- ------- Suggestions, impacted communities must deal with a wide variety of other issues. Most of the problems faced by an impacted community are interrelated. . For example, health, education, recreation, and law enforcement are all interrelated. What we say about health impacts applies as well to many other problems. Some communities that have not yet developed programs to cope with health impacts already have planners who are developing programs in related areas. It is essential that planning for health programs be related to' these efforts. Approaches to community planning are outlined in the Action Handbook. The steps outlined in the Handbook are generally appli- cable to most aspects of community planning, including planning to deal with health impacts. In these suggestions we are providing some additional details related to health issues. We also are em- phasizing some of the material in the Handbook by repeating it here. One point we wish to emphasize is the necessity for community involvement in planning. Citizens of the community must understand the necessity and purpose of planning. In some areas planning has been interpreted as an infringement on individual rights. Land use planning especially is suspect because it results in "telling a man what he can and cannot do with his own land." Most persons, how- ever, now appreciate the necessity of collective action and indi- vidual compromises to protect community values. Still, many com- munities prefer to "go it alone" and not get involved with other jurisdictions. Many small communities that do not have the nec- essary personnel and other resources to cope with impact situations have found this course to be very costly in the long run. Not only -9- ------- is money wasted but the community often has been stuck with avoid- able problems that will remain for a long time. However, the decision is up to the community. It is unlikely that any one can, or would try to., force the community to do any- thing contrary to the prevailing concensus. Those who may seem persuasive are simply pointing out the consequences of various courses that may be pursued. The Health Services Task Force The Handbook indicates how a Community Impact Committee may be organized and outlines how specific issues and problems in the community may be addressed by task forces. These Suggestions are made especially for the task force concerned with health impacts. Such a task force may consider health services exclusively, or health services may be included in the v/ork of a task force with other responsibilities. As promised in the Introduction, these Suggestions are brief. They provide a general overview of how a community may deal with health impacts. More details for operation of the Health Service Task Force are given in a compilation of formats and protocols entitled "Procedure for Evaluating Health Impacts Resulting from Energy Developments." This report is available from the Office of Energy Activities, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Denver. Specific Problems As indicated before, these Suggestions are not concerned with technical details. They are not step-by-step instructions. So, in commenting on how to deal with some problems we will only -10- ------- suggest sources of assistance or where detailed information can be obtained. With this in mind, let's consider each kind of health impact indicated earlier in this section. Industrial Pollution. We will have little further comments concerning this type of impact. Communities should be familiar with the monitoring programs mentioned previously and should be alert to changes that might result in increased risks to health. It is highly unlikely, however, that communities would need to deal individually with problems of industrial pollution. Health Impacts Resulting From Rapid Community Growth. As in- dicated before there are two kinds of these impacts. --Impacts on Community Environmental Services involve water supplies, waste water treatment, solid waste disposal, and envi- ronmental sanitation. Municipal services and matters relating to physical facilities usually will not be the direct responsibility of the Health Services Task Force. However, the Health Services Task Force will want to participate in planning these services. The adequacy of current services and plans that may be developed for additional service should be evaluated as to effectiveness in protecting the public health. In most states, the Department of Health, or a department providing the usual services of a health department, has responsi- bility for approving the design of physical facilities and opera- tions of community environmental services. Guidance should be sought from the appropriate state agency early in the planning process. It is unwise to make commitments for consultants or -11- ------- incur other expenses until the extent of assistance available from state or Federal agencies is determined. --Direct Impacts on the Health of People will be the primary concern of the Health Services Task Force and will require most of its attention. Many health problems in the community, and ways to handle them, will be apparent. Other problems that may be equally important may be less obvious. Be sure to have your Health Sys- tems Agency involved in the work of the Task Force at an early stage. This will give you an idea of what assistance is available and will suggest some ways of undertaking various tasks. The op- erating state departments that have responsibilities for specific programs also should be consulted as you undertake work on various problems. All states have offices responsible for programs in public health, mental health, alcoholism, drug abuse, and other areas related to local health problems. Look over the lists of References and "Sources of Information and Assistance" for mater- ial or contacts that may be helpful. A Special Word About Personal Health Services One of the most perplexing, often controversial, and certainly the most expensive problem that the Health Service Task Force will have to deal with is the matter of planning for personal health services. To most people, "personal health services" involve onl)r the treatment of illness or injury. The need for personal health services is perceived as a need for physicians and hospitals. Some communities have spent a great deal of money in attempts to recruit physicians and other health personnel. By far, the -12- ------- majority of such efforts have been unsuccessful. Other communi- ties have attempted to attract physicians to the area by con- structing hospitals or providing other types of medical facili- ties. This has not worked well either. Such facilities are costly to construct and maintain. Often they prove to be inappro- priate for the needs of the community and do not attract the de- sired personnel. Many have been converted to other uses and essentially all of them result in a financial burden, and the com- munity is still without the desired medical service. How then does a community arrange to obtain the needed health and medical services? In the first place, the "needs" must be defined. The instances just described--recruitment of a physician or construction of a medical facilit:y---may be among the possible ways to provide certain medical services. They may be possible answers to a problem. But an apparent inadequate number of physicians is not the real problem. The real problem is in- adequate services. Having more physicians residing and prac- ticing in the community may be a possible solution. Certainly it is not the only solution and may not even be the best. Yet, many thousands of dollars have been wasted in pursuing a perceived so- lution to an inadequately defined problem. For many communities, the most practical way to provide personal health services is by a Physicians Assistant or a Nurse Practi ioner. Public Health Nurses and Emergency Medical Technicians also can provide many of primary medical services in small communities. This may seem in- volved, but it really isn't. As suggested before, planners and others can be of great help to a community in working out such -13- ------- problems. The protest often is heard: "But I know we need a doctor, we don't have one—or we don't have enough!" The fact is, the doctors services are needed, not necessarily that he or she be in residence and work full-time in the community. Dr. Bond Bible, Director of the Department of Rural and Community Health for the American Medical Association has clearly described the situation. "It is certain that many- small communities which once had their 'own' physician will never again have one of their own. It has become clear that for some sparsely populated rural areas, solutions completely different from the traditional physician in residence must be sought. In some areas, emphasis may be needed on expanded transportation and communication capabilities, use of new allied health professionals better understanding of individ- ual health practices, and development of emergency care and self- help methods to ensure rural health coverage. Multiple communi- ties in a logical service area will need to plan together to de- velop health care systems on an area basis so that they can at- tract appropriate health manpower working in a group to provide home, clinic, and hospital care." "Today, organizing health care systems in sparsely populated areas requires multi-institutional arrangements on a geographical basis. To accomplish this will require courage and foresight on the part of community leaders and health care professionals. Some institutions may have to change their missions or actually close down. Some must be helped to expand. Ambulatory, primary care and group practice units must be built. Rescue squads must -14- ------- have trained staffs and new equipment to handle acute emergencies until they reach the appropriate hospital. No rural community can handle it alone."''' Communities should plan and develop the type of health ser- vices, both personnel and facilities, that are appropriate but not excessive to meet the needs of the area. This must be done on a regional basis so that all of the needed services are avail- able to the community but not necessarily provided in facilities physically located within the community, or by personnel that re- side in the community. Arrangements should be made, however, for "local access to emergency services and services of other types that are continuously or frequently needed. Most important, mechanisms should be developed to permit ready access to the en- tire systems of health services. This is to assure that the type and level of services required are secured promptly when needed. How does a community go about making these arrangements? Get the planner to help. They know the techniques for planning regional health services and can assist in identifying the op- tions that are available to the community. The planners cannot, however, do the job for the community. They can assist with some of the technical aspects and provide information on experi- ences in other areas. The participation of citizens of the com- munity is essential to determine local needs and preferences re- garding delivery of health services. Also, the local residents ^"Studt, W.B., Jerold G. Sorensen, and Beverly Burge. 1976. Medicine in the Intermountain West. Olympus Publishing Company. Salt Lake City. -15- ------- are in a better position to explain the advantages and disadvan- tages of the various options to others. This process is essential for developing a consensus of what the community wants and what the citizens are willing to support and pay for. Also, seek comments from communities that have used various systems for providing health services. See how the various ones worked out. Proposals should be sought from organizations that develop rural health services for rural areas and contract to op- erate them. See the "Examples of Successes and Innovations" in a following section. -16- ------- Where to Get Help Many resources are available throughout the Rocky Mountains- Prairie Region to assist communities in developing and implement- ing plans to deal with health impacts, as well as other problems related to energy developments. A list of such resources in each state, and those that are available to all the states, is included with these Suggestions. In each state a number of departments ana offices can pro- vide essentially all of the assistance needed by the communities. If information concerning these resources are not available in the community, contact with the appropriate representative should be made by letter or telephone. Often someone from the agency or office will be able to visit the community and explain what assis- tance is available. At least it is well to learn what is offered, even if the services are not requested. The following are some of the sources you may want to con- tact. Health Planning Agencies. Each state has a State Health Planning and Development Agency, although not necessarily with this title, and one or more Health Systems Agencies. These agen- cies are involved in a collaborative Federal-State-Local program concerned with planning, developing, and regulating health ser- vices. This program was recently organized, or reorganized, and some of the agencies are relatively new. Many currently are con- cerned with mandated tasks and are occupied with development of -17- ------- state or regional plans. Nevertheless, these agencies can assist communities in approaching health problems in ways that will be compatible with activities of other health planning organizations. Each community is part of a Health Service Area that is the responsibility of a specific Health Systems Agency. In some in- stances sub-area planning activities are under way. To assure the necessary relationship and support, communities should get in touch with their Health Systems Agency at an early stage. State Planning Office. The State Planning Office which is designated by various titles in different states, is the focal point of community planning in most states. As indicated before, planning to deal with health impacts should be done in concert with other aspects of community planning. Collaboration is es- sential for establishing priorities and orderly allocation of funds. In addition, many programs can be mutually supportive so that sometimes two or more related problems can be solved more satisfactorily together than they could be separately. State Offices of Community Affairs. The names vary, but most states have an office that serves as a community advocate in dealing with other state agencies and with appropriating bod- ies. Depending on the individual states, a variety of programs are available to assist individual communities. In most in- stances, help can be provided in developing an entire local plan- ning program or in assisting with specific programs or problems. In some states, the office of community affairs has regulatory responsibilities. -18- ------- Cooperative Extension Service. Agricultural extension agents have long been involved in community activities. They are excel- lent initial contacts for information on how to get started in dealing with impact problems. Most state extension services have developed materials that may be used to inform citizens of pending problems and approaches to solutions. Extension services maintain extensive contacts and serve as good sources of information con- cerning the availability of resources from other agencies. Operating Agencies. In dealing with specific problems--such as water supplies, health facilities, and mental health services-- you may wish to get in touch with the state or regional agency that has responsibilities for these types of programs. Technical assistance often is available for helping communities in defining local problems and implementing local programs. University Institutes. State universities address a variety of issues that concern impacted communities. Review the list of "Sources of Information and Assistance" for your state to find the ones that would be helpful in your work. Health Services Organizations. Two organizations in Utah have worked with impacted communities in providing medical ser- vices. They are the Health Systems Research Institute in Salt Lake City and the Utah Valley Hospital in Provo. The programs and approaches of these organizations are somewhat different. Both are involved in providing direct medical and administrative Ser- vices in a variety of situations. Specific arrangements are tail- ored to needs of the community and resources available. You may -19- ------- wish to obtain literature (see References) from both organizations and consult with them concerning the circumstances in your com- munity. Chambers of Commerce. The local Chamber of Commerce is often an important resource in developing and carrying out plans to han- dle impacts. The principal industrial and business organizations in the community usually participate in activities of the Chamber of Commerce. Many of the essential contacts and sources of sup- port can be developed when the Chamber shares leadership in com- munity planning. -20- ------- Examples of Successes and Innovations There are many outstanding examples of successes and innova- tions in dealing with health impacts in the Rocky Mountains-Prairie Region. Some representative ones are briefly described in this section. You may wish to secure information directly concerning these programs from the sources indicated in the References and the section on "Sources of Information and Assistance." Severely Impacted Communities. Rock Springs, Green River, and Gillette, Wyoming, and Colstrip, Montana are representative of the first communities to be severely impacted by energy developments. References to articles concerning these communities are listed in References. You may wish to examine these accounts for insight as to what can happen when there is not adequate information concern- ing developments soon enough to enable effective preparation to avoid impact. Also, to review the processes used to alleviate impacts. Effective Preparation in Advance of Impact. Among others, the advance preparation that is in progress at Wheatland, Wyoming and in Mercer County, North Dakota are outstanding examples of industry-community collaboration to minimize impacts. The project near Wheatland involves the construction and operation of a 1,500 megawatt generating station by six consumer-owned electric utili- ties that developed the Missouri Basin Power Project. The commun- ity was advised of the development about two years in advance of construction. An impact alleviation task force was organized -21- ------- jointly by community leaders and industry representatives soon after the announcement. Staff members of the Missouri Basin Power Project served as advisors to the Platte County Impact Alleviation Task Force from the beginning. The Task Force was provided with the most accurate information concerning population projections and other data that would affect requirements for local services. As a result, existing and anticipated problems were identified at an early stage and plans were developed for handling them. Timely implementation of these plans assured that impacts would be mini- mal. This is not to say that no problems developed, or that the task was easy. The Wheatland (Platte County) story is an inter- esting one and is worth reviewing. Developments in Mercer County have been along similar lines. There, two primary industries are involved; Basin Electric, one of the participants in the Missouri Basin Power Project, and A.N.G. Coal Gasification Company worked cooperatively with community leaders to develop the Mercer County Task Force. Both companies have full-time impact planning coordinators. Personal Health Services. The health planners can give many local illustrations of effective arrangements for personal health services in a variety of situations. For example, the Health Systems Research Institute has worked with the city of Sundance, Wyoming in staffing and operating the local hospital. This hos- pital provides services in the nearby community of Moorcroft at a mobile clinic. At Castle Dale, Utah, the Utah Valley Hospital -22- ------- has similarily assisted the community in operating a local clinic. There are many other examples--ask the health planner. Local Planning Organizations. Examples of outstanding local planning agencies are available for every state. Ask the State Planning Office for information concerning activities that are most similar to those planned for your community. The Sheridan Area Planning Office in Sheridan, Wyoming has produced a variety of excellent community reports. These reports have provided the basis for plans that have been effective in coping with impacts. Industrial Councils. Many communities are concerned with activities of several different industries. In some instances, the industries have formed a local association that serves as a focal point of contact and cooperation with the community. The Southwest Wyoming Industrial Association, with offices in Rock Springs, is an example. Wyoming Human Services Project. This university-based pro- gram has operated in Gillette and Wheatland, Wyoming. Advanced students are trained at the University of Wyoming to work in im- pacted communities for a year after graduation. Team members work in such areas as public administration, public health, men- tal health, and social services. Half of each week is spent as a regular staff member in a human services agency. The remaining time is spent with the team working on projects related to the improvement of human services within the community. This pro- gram has resulted in development and evaluation of new planning approaches and programs to deal with impacts. -23- ------- Information Systems. Impact assessment and information sys- tems have been developed in some states. These programs develop data and provide direct local assistance. The Regional Environ- mental Assessment Program (REAP) in Bismarck, North Dakota is collecting baseline data and is monitoring and cataloging a vari- ety of information useful to impacted communities. -24- ------- References General articles about the extent of impacts and public attitudes Christiansen, B. and T.H. Clack, Jr. 1976. A western perspective on energy: a plea for national energy planning. Science 194:578-584. Gilmore, John S. 1976. Boomtowns may hinder energy development. Science 119:535-540. Gilmore, John S. and Mary K. Duff. 1975. Boomtown growth manage- ment: a case study of Rock Springs-Green River, Wyoming. Westview Press. Bolder. Gold, R. L. 1974. A comparative case study of the impact of coal development on the way of life of people in the coal areas of eastern Montana and northeastern Wyoming. Institute for Social Science Research, University of Montana. Missoula. Gold, R.L. 1977. A case study of social and socioeconomic effects of thermal power plant development at Colstrip, Montana. To be published in the Journal of the Air Pollution Control Association. Ludtke, Richard L. 1977. Human impacts of energy development. A Survey Study of Dunn, McLean, Mercer and Oliver Counties in North Dakota. Social Science Research Institute, University of North Dakota. Wataha, Paul J. Presentation of Mayor Paul J. Wataha, Rock Springs, Wyoming. The 26th Annual Utah Economic Development Confer- ence. August 20, 1975. Salt Lake City. Mimeographed. Planning to minimize impact Bell, William. 1975. Data base book for Sheridan County. Sheri- dan Area Planning Agency. Big Horn Planning Advisory Board. 1977. Community development plan, Big Horn, Wyoming. Briscoe, Maphis, Murray and Lamont. 1977. Action handbook for small communities facing rapid growth. Prepared for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Denver. (Draft) -25- ------- Hclloway, Jill. Progress of the Platte County impact alleviation task force. Wheatland, Wyoming. Rapp, D.A. 1976. Western boomtowns: part I. A comparative analy- sis of state actions. Western Governors' Regional Energy Policy Office. Denver. Planning health services Call, Richard D. and Mark J. Howard. 1976. Rural health - a three-pronged approach. Clinical Medicine 83:9-13. Drumwright, Sterling. 1977. The role of the federal government in health planning for (energy) impacted communities. Mim- eographed. Health Systems Research Institute. Rural health care delivery system The new world in rural practice Community health care Query, Joy M.N. 1975. Human environment impact assessment of coal gasification in the Dunn County area of North Dakota. The health delivery system. North Dakota State University. Mim- eographed. Studt, Ward B., Jerald G. Sorensen, and Beverly Burge. 1976. Medicine in the intermountain west. Olympus Publishing Co. Salt Lake City. Uhlmann, Julie M. 1977. The delivery of human services in Wyoming boomtowns.' Manuscript. University of Wyoming, Laramie. Financing for impacted communities Briscoe, Maphis, Murray and Lamont. 1974. Oil shale tax lead time study. Prepared for regional development and land use planning subcommittee of the Governor's Committee on Oil Shale Environmental Problems. Denver. Bronden, Leonard D. et al. 1977. Financial strategies for allev- iation of socioeconomic impacts inseven western states. Western Governors' Regional Energy Policy Office. Dorow, Norbert et al. North Dakota's state and local taxes and coal development. Cooperative Extension Service. North Dakota State University. Johnson, Maxine C. and Randle V. White. 1976. Coal development, population growth, and local government finance: a handbook for local officials. Prepared for Montana Energy Advisory Council and Custer National Forest, USDA. Montana Bureau of Business and Economic Research, University of Montana. Missoula. -26- ------- Examples of community plans Clearmont City Council and Citizens of Clearmont. 1976. Clear- mont comprehensive plan. Clearmont, Montana. Dayton Town Council and the Citizens of Dayton. 1976. Dayton comprehensive plan. Dayton, Montana. Dempsey, John and Associates. 1975. Comprehensive plan update, City of Rock Springs, Wyoming. Platte County Joint Planning Office. 1976. Wheatland impact area comprehensive plan. Sheridan City Planning Commission. 1977. Community development plan, Sheridan, Wyoming. Sheridan County Planning Commission. 1977. A comprehensive plan for Sheridan County, Wyoming. Story Planning Advisory Board. 1977. Community development plan, Story, Wyoming. Slide-tape series Environmental Protection Agency. Health effects associated with energy developments. Office of Energy Activiites, Denver, Cclcrado. (Contact Mr. N.L. Hammer,. Environmental Protec- tion Agency, Office of Energy Activities, I860 Lincoln Street, Denver, Colorado 80203.) North Dakota Cooperative Extension Service. The following three sets are available: 1. Prime Farmland 2. Extension's Community Development Program 3. Coal Development and its Impact on the community of Washburn, North Dakota. (Contact Mr. Don H. Peterson, Area Resource Development Agent, County Extension Office, Washburn, North Dakota 58577.) Utah Valley Hospital. Health care for rural America', a unique pre- scription. (Contact Mr. Mark Howard, Director of Rural Health, Utah Valley Hospital, Provo, Utah 84601. Telephone 801/373-7850). -27- ------- SOURCES OF INFORMATION AND ASSISTANCE FOR COMMUNITIES IMPACTED BY ENERGY DEVELOPMENTS -28- ------- FEDERAL. REGIONAL, AND MULTISTATS AGENCIES FEDERAL U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Region VIII Office of Energy Activities 1860 Lincoln Screet Denver, Colorado 80203 Telephone. 303/837-3691 N.L. Hammer U.S. Department of the Interior Oil Shale Environmental Advisory Panel Room 690, Building 67 Denver Federal Center Denver, Colorado 80225 Henry 0. Ash Executive Director U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare Region VIII Federal Office Building 1961 Stout Street Denver, Colorado 80202 Telephone 303/837-4461 Hilary H. Conner, M.D. Regional Health Administrator Dr. Gunner Sydow, Director Division of Health Resources Development Michael Liebman, Liaison Officer National Center for Health Statistics James E. Ver Duft, Chief Health Planning Branch Ralph C. Barnes, Director Division of Prevention Dean Hungerford, Director Division of Health Service George Rold Office of Intergovernmental Affairs Federal Regional Council 1961 Stout Street Denver, Colorado 80202 Telephone 303/83/-2751 Russell W. Fitch, Representative Federal Energy Administration U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare Indian Health Service Area Offices Montana and Wyoming 2727 Central Avenue Post Office Box 2143 Billings, Montana 59103 Telphone 406/585-6452 Richard J. Anderson, Assistant Area Director Environmental Health and Engineering Programs North Dakota and South Dakota Aberdeen Area, IHS 115 - 4th Street, S.E. Aberdeen, South Dakota 57401 Telephone 605/782-7553 REGIONAL COMMISSIONS Old West Regional Commission Room 306-A Fratt Building Billings, Montana 59102 Telephone 406/245-6711 Beth Givens Information Specialist Four Corners Regional Commission 3535 East 30th Street Suite 238 Farmington, New Mexico 87401 Telephone 505/327-9626 Carl A. Larson Executive Director MULTI-STATE OFFICES Fort Union Regional Task Forces State Capitol Bismarck, North Dakota 58505 Telephone 701/224-2916 Sheila Miedema Project Coordinator PACT Health Planning Center 90 Madison Street Suite 604 Denver, Colorado 80206 Telephone 303/320-0917 H. Sterling Drunwright Associate Director for Consultation Montana Nebraska North Dakota South Dakota Arizona Colorado New Mexico Utah Montana North Dakota South Dakota Wyoming Bill F. Pearson, Chief Office of Environmental Health Utah. Navajo Area, IHS Post Office Box G Window Rock, Arizona 86515 Telephone 602/871-5851 Donald G. Myer, Assistant Area Director Enviormental Health and Engineering Programs Colorado• Federal Building and U.S. Courthouse 500 Gold Avenue, S.W. Albuquerque, New Mexico 8/101 Telephone- 505/474-2155 Perry C. Bracket*", Chief Office of Environmental Health ------- COLORADO STATE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH Colorado Department of Health 4210 East 11th Avenue Denver, Colorado 80220 Telephone. 303/388-6111 Anthony Robbins, M.D., M.P.H. Executive Director Extension 315 Thomas M. Vernon, M.D., Chief Epidemiology Section Extension 252 Robert E. Fontaine, M.D. Epidemic Intelligence Service (EIS) Officer Extension 252 Orlen J. Wiemann, Chief Milk, Food, and Drug Section Consumer Protection Extension 252 Donald J. Davids, Chief Records and Statistical Section Extension 237 (Health Information) Frank Rozich, Director Water Quality Control and Public Health Engineering Extension 325 STATE PLANNING AGENCY Division of Planning Department of Local Affairs 1313 Sherman Street, Room 520 Denver, Colorado 80203 Telephone- 303/839-2351 Philip H. Schmuck Planning Director REGIONAL PLANNING COMMISSIONS Region 1 - Sedgwick, Phillips, Yuma, Logan, Washington and Morgan Counties Northeastern Colorado Council of Governments Post Office Box 1782 Sterling, Colorado 80751 Telephone: 303/522-0040 John Harrington, Executive Director Region 2 - Larimer and Weld Counties Larimer-Weld Regional Council of Governments 201 East Fourth Street, Room 201 Loveland, Colorado 80537 Telephone: 303/667-3288 Ronald Thompson, Director Region 3 - Denver, Adams, Arapahoe, Boulder, Jefferson, Douglas, Clear Creek, and Gilpin Counties Denver Regional Council of Governments 1776 South Jackson Street, Suite 200 Denver, Colorado 80210 Telephone: 303/758-5166 Robert D. Farley, Executive Director Region 4 - El Paso, Park, and Teller Counties Pikes Peak Area Council of Governments 27 East Vermijo Avenue Colorado Springs, Colorado 80903 Telephone. 303/471-7080 Roland Gaw, Executive Director Region 5 - Lincoln, Elbert, Kit Carson, and Cheyenne Counties East Central Council of Governments Box 28 Stratton, Colorado 80836 Telephone 303/348-5562 Maryjo M. Downey, Director Region. 6 -.Crowley, Kiowa, Otero, Bent, Prowers, and. Baca Counties Lower Airkanasa? Valley Council of Governments- Bent County Courthouse Las Animas, Colorado 81054 Telephone 303/456-0692 James N. Miles, Executive Director Region 7a - Pueblo County and City of Pueblo Pueblo Area Council of Governments One City Hall Place Pueblo, Colorado 81003 Telephone. 303/545-0562 Region 7b - Huerfana and Las Animas Counties Huerfano-Las Animas Area Council of Governments Room 100 - County Court House Trinidad, Colorado 81082 Telephone 303/846-4478 Fred E Weisbrod, Executive Director Region 8 - Sauache, Mineral, Rio Grande, Alamosa, Conejos, and Costilla Counties San Luis Valley Council of Governments Adams State College, Box 28 Alamosa, Colorado 81101 Telephone. 303/589-7925 Rondall Phillips, Director Region 9 - Dolores, Montezuma, La Plata, San Juan, and Archuleta Counties San Juan Regional Commission 1911 North Main Durango, Colorado 81301 Telephone 303/259-1691 Region 10 - Gunnison, Delta, Montrose, Ouray, San Miguel, and Hindsdale Counties District 10 Regional Planning Commission 107 S. Cascade Post Office Box 341 Montrose, Colorado 81401 Telephone 303/249-9638 John J. Collier, Director Region 11 - Garfield, Moffat, Mesa, and Rio Blanco Counties Colorado West Area Council of Governments 1400 Access Road Post Office Box 351 Rifle, Colorado 81650 Telephone 303/625-1723 Steve Schmitz, Director Region 12 - Routt, Jackson, Grand, Summit, Eagle, and Pitkin Counties Northwest Colorado Council of Governments Holiday Center Building Post Office Box 739 Frisco, Colorado 80443 Telephone. 303/468-5445 ------- (COLORADO CONT'D) Lee Woolsey, Director Region 13 - Lake, Chaffee Fremont:, and Custer Counties Upper Arkansas Area Council of Governments 6th and Mason, Box 510 Canon City, Colorado 81212 Telephone: 303/2 75-8350 Frank Cervi, Director HEALTH PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY Colorado Department of Health 4210 East Eleventh Street Denver, Colorado 80220 Telephone 303/388-6111 Anthony Robbins, M.D., Director Michael K. Schonbrun, Assistant Director Office of Medical Care Regulation and Development Extension 356 HEALTH SYSTEMS AGENCIES Area I Central-Northeast Colorado Health Systems Agency, Inc 7290 Samuel Drive, Suite 316 Denver, Colorado 80222 Telephone: 303/427-8460 June H. Twinam, Executive Director Area II Southeastern Colorado Health Systems Agency, Inc Pikes Peak Center 1715 Monterey Road Colorado Springs, Corlorado 81501 Telephone- 303/475-9395 Frank Armstrong, Executive Director Area III Western Colorado Health Systems Agency, Inc. 2525 NorthSeventh Street Grand Junction, Colorado 81501 Telephone• 303/245-3590 David Meyer, Executive Director OFFICE OF ENERGY CONSERVATION Office of Energy Conservation 1313 Sherman, Rocti 718 Denver, Colorado 80203 Telephone. 303/839-2507 Buie Seawell SOURCE OF DEMOGRAPHIC DATA Colorado Department of Local Affairs Division of Planning 1313 Sherman, Room 520 Denver, Colorado 80203 Telephone- 303/829-2351 Kenneth D. Prince STATE CARTOGRAPHER Louis F. Campbell Division of Planning Department of Local Affairs 1313 Sherman Street, Room 520 Denver, Colorado 80203 Telephone- 303/839-2351 INDUSTRIAL ECONOMICS DIVISION Denver Research Institute University of Denver Denver, Colorado 80210 Telephone 303/753-3376 Dr. Alma Lantz, Research Psychologist COOPERATIVE EXTENSION SERVICE Colorado Extension Service Ft. Collins, Colorado 80523 ------- MONTANA STATE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH State Department of Health and Environmental Sciences Cogswell Building Helena, Montana 59601 Arthur C. Knight, M.D., Director Telephone. 406/449-2544 Martin D. Skinner, M.D , Chief Preventive Health Services Bureau Telephone- 406/449-2645 Harry F. Hull, M.D. Epidemic Intelligence Service (ETS) Officer Telephone- 406/449-2645 Vernon E. Sloulin, Chief Food and Consumer Safety Bureau Telephone 406/449-2408 John C. Wilson, Chief Records and Statistics Bureau Telephone• 406/449-2614 (Health Informat:on) Benjamin F. Wake, Administrator Environmental Sciences Division Telephone: 406/449-3454 DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNITY AFFAIRS Capitol Station Helena, Montana 59601 Telephone 406/449-3757 Karold A. Fryslie, Director C.R. Draper, Administrator Research and Information Systems Division Harold M. Price, Administrator Planning Division Barbara Garrett, Administrative Officer Coal Board Department of Natural Resources ana Conservation 37 South Ewing Natural Resources 3uildmg Helena, Montana 59601 Telephone 406/449-3780 John Orth, Director Robert Anderson, Administrator Energy Planning Division DISTRICT PLANNING COUNCILS District 1 - Daniels, Phillips, Roosevelt, Sheridan, and and Valley Counties High Plains Provisional Council for District One Post Office Box 836 Scobey, Montana 59203 Telephone- 406/487-5026 V.C. Tousley, Administrator District 4 - Blaine, Hill, and Liberty Counties Bear Paw Development Corporation of Northern Montana Post Office Box 1549 Hill County Courthouse Havre, Montana 59501 Tony Preite, Executive Director District 6 - Fergus, Golden Valley, Judith Basin, Musselshell, Petroleum, and Wheatland Counties Central Montana District Six Council Post Office Box 302 Roundup, Montana 59072 Telephone: 406/323-2547 Ralph Gildroy, Director District 11 - Mineral, Missoula, and Ravalli Counties District Eleven Council of Governments c/o Board of County Commissioners Missoula County Courthouse Missoula, Montana 59801 Gladys Elison, Director PLANNING DIRECTORS Barbara Keneedy Miles City City-County Planning Board Powder River County Planning Board 9 South 6th, #301 Miles City, Montana 59301 Telephone- 406/232-6339 Douglas C. Dean Richland County Planning Board Post Office Box 1011 Sidney, Montana 59720 Telephone 406/482-4340 Eldon Rice Rosebud County Planning Board Route 2 Forsyth, Montana 59237 Telephone 406/356-7551 Albion M. Hettich (Bud) Tri-County Planning Board Box 199 Circle, Montana 59215 Telephone- 406/485-2622 Jim Ashbury Dawson City-Countv Planning Board City Hall Glendive, Montana 59930 Telephone 406/365-5029 Tom Eggensperger Fallon County Planning 3oard County Courthouse Baker, Montana 59313 Telephone- 406/778-3603 HEALTH PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY State Health Planning and Resource Development Bureau 836 Front Street Helena, Montana Telephone- 406/449-3121 Wallace King, Chief HEALTH SYSTEMS AGENCY Montana Health Systems Agency 324 Fuller Avenue Helena, Montana 59601 Telephone- 406/443-5965 Ralph Gildroy, Executive Director STATE ENERGY OFFICE Energy Research and Conservation Office State Capitol Helena; Montana 59601 Telephone- 406/449-3940 Bill Christiansen, Staff Coordinator ------- (MONTANA CONT'D) BUREAU OF BUSINESS AND ECONOMIC RESEARCH School of Business Administration University of Montana Missoula, Montana 59801 Telephone: *+06/243-0211 Dr. Maxino C. Johnson, Director COOPERATIVE EXTENSION SERVICE Montana State University Bozetnan, Montana 59715 Telephone. 406/994-0211 SOURCES OF DEMOGRAPHIC INFORMATION Department of Community Affairs Capitol Station Helena, Montana 59601 Telephone 406/449-2896 C.R. Draper, Administrator Research and Information Systems Division ------- NORTH DAKOTA STATE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH North Dakota Department of Health State Capitol Bismarck, North Dakota 58505 Jonathan B. Weisbuch, M.D. State Health Officer Telephone: 701/224-2372 Willis H. Van Heuvelen, Chief Environmental Health and Engineering Telephone: 701/224-2371 Kenneth Mosser, Director Communicable Disease Control Telephone 701/224-2376 Kenneth W. Tardif, Director Environmental Sanitation and Food Protection Telephone 701/224-2360 STATE PLANNING AND RESOURCE AGENCIES State Planning Division State Capitol, Fourth Floor Bismarck, North Dakota 58505 Telephone. 701/224-2818 Austin Engle, Director Bonnie Austin Banks, Associate Planner State Board for Vocational Education State Office Building 900 East Boulevard Bismarck, North Dakota 58505 Telephone 701/224-3187 Coal Impact Information Project Cooperative Extension Service North Dakota State University Fargo, North Dakota 58102 Telephone. 701/237-7392 or 7393 Regional Environmental Assessment Program (REAP) 316 North Fifth Street, Room 521 Bismarck, North Dakota 58505 Telephone• 701/224-3700 Dr. A. William Johnson, Director Regional Environmental Impact Statement Office 1200 Missouri Avenue, Room 105 Bismarck, North Dakota 58501 Rebecca Lee Community Affaris Specialist REGIONAL PLANNING ORGANIZATIONS Region I - Divide McKenzie, and Williams Counties Williston Basin RC & D Law Enforcement Center 512 Fourth Avenue East Williston, North Dakota 58801 Telephone: 701/572-8191 Ron Kiedrowski, Executive Director Region II - Bottineau, Burke, McHenry. Mountrail, Pierce. Renville, and Ward Counties Souris Basin Planning Council Mir.ot State College Dakota Hall, Room 118 Minot, North Dakota 58701 Telephone: 701/839-6641 Mark Hinthorne, Executive Director Region III - Benson, Cavalier, Eddy, Ramsey, Rolette, and Toumer Counties North Central Planning Council Post Office Box 651 Devils Lake, North Dakota 58301 -Telephone¦ 701/662-8131 Region IV - Grand Forks, Nelson, Pembina, and Walsh Counties Red River RC & D Post Office Box 633 Grafton, North Dakota 58237 Telephone¦ 701/352-3550 Julius Wangler, Executive Director Region V - Cass, Ranson, Richland, Sergent, Steele, and Traill Counties Lake Agassiz Regional Council 319 l/£ North Fifth Street Post Office Box 428 Fargo, North Dakota 58102 Ervin Rustad, Executive Director Region VI - Barnes, Dickey, Foster, Griggs, LaMoure, Logan, Mcintosh, Stutsman, and Wells Counties South Central Dakota Regional Council 701 Third Avenue, SE Post Office Box 903 Jamestown, North Dakota 58401 Telephone. 701/252-8060 Larry Heisner, Executive Director Region VII - Burleigh, Emmons, Grant, Kidder, McLean, Mercer, Morton, Oliver, Sheridan and Sioux Counties Lewis and Clark 1805 RCD 301 Boundary Road Mandan, North Dakota Telephone- 701/663-6587 John O'Leary, Project Director Region VIII - Adams, Billings, Bowman, Dunn. Golden Valley, Hettinger, Slope, and Stark Counties Roosevelt-Custer Regional Council 19 West First Street Dickinson, North Dakota 58601 Telephone- 701/22 7-0647 Marcoe Drem, Project Coordinator HEALTH PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY State Department of Health Capitol Building Bismarck, North Dakota 58505 Telephone. 701/224-2894 Edward L. Sypnieski, Director and SHPDA Coordinator Division of Health Facilities Missouri Office Building 1200 Missouri Avenue Bismarck, North Dakota 58505 Telephone 701/224-2352 Joe Pratschner, Director Division of Health Statistics Capitol Building Bismarck, North Dakota 58505 Telephone. 701/224-2360 Rick Blari, Director ------- (NORTH DAKOTA CONT'D) HEALTH SYSTEMS AGENCIES Western North Dakota Health Systems Agency 209 North Seventh Street, Suite No. 2 Bismarck, North Dakota 58501 Telephone 701/223-8085 Barry Halm, Executive Director Agassiz Health Systems Agency 123 DeMers Avenue East Grand Forks, MN 56721 Telephone 218/773-2471 Don DeMers, Executive Director Min-Dak Health Systems Agency 811 South 16th Post Office Box 915 Moorhead, MN 56560 Telephone 218/236-2 746 Bruce T Briggs, Executive Director DISTRICT HEALTH UNITS Custer District Health Unit 210 Second Avenue Northwest Post Office Box 185 Mandan, North Dakota 58554 Telephone- 701/663-4243, Ext. 46 Frank E. Gilchrist, Area Public Health Administrator First District Health Unit 801 11th Avenue Southwest Post Office Box 1268 Minot, North Dakota 58701 Telephone. 70i/852-13~'6 O.S. Uthus, M.D., Executive Director Southwestern District Health Unit Pulver Hall, Dickinson College Post Office Box 1208 Dickinson, North Dakota 58601 Telephone 701/227-0171 John E. Fields, Area Public Health Administrator Upper Missouri District Health Unit 210 First Avenue East Post Office Box 756 Williston, North Dakota 58801 Telephone 701/572-3763 Frank L. Onufray, Area Public Health Administrator Lake Region District Health Unit Ramsey County Court House Post Office Box 844 Devils Lake, North Dakota 58301 Telephone 701/662-4931 Norman Septon, Area Public Health Administrator STATE ENERGY OFFICE Governor's Office Capitol Building Bismarck, North Dakota 58501 Telephone. 701/224-2200 Dr Charles Metzger, Energy Advisor for Governor Arthur A. Link SOURCES OF DEMOGRAPHIC INFORMATION State Board for Vocational Education State Office Building 900 East Boulevard Bismarck, North Dakota 58501 Telephone 701/224-3187 Social Science Research Institute University of North Dakota University Station Grand Forks, North Dakota 58201 Regional Environmental Assessment Prop.r/jm (RKAI'J 316 North Fifth Street,Room 521 Bismarck, North Dakota 58505 Telephone. 701/224-3700 Dr. A. William Johnson, Director COOPERATIVE EXTENSION SERVICE North Dakota State University State University Station Fargo, North Dakota 58102 Dr. Norbert A. Dorow, Economist Public Affairs North Dakota State University Pulber Hall Dickinson, North Dakota 58601 Harry Hecht, District Director County Extension Office Weshburn, North Dakota 58577 Telephone 701/462-3532 Don H. Peterson, Area Resource Development Agent SOCIAL SICENCE RESEARCH INSTITUTE University of North Dakota Grand Forks, North Dakota 58201 Dr. Richard L Ludtke, Director BUREAU OF BUSINESS AND ECONOMIC RESEARCH University of North Dakota 286 Gamble Hall Grand Forks, North Dakota 58201 INDUSTRIES ANC Coal Gasification Company 304 East Rosser Bismarck, North Dakota 58501 Telephone. 701/253-7440 John Clement Basin Electric Power Cooperative 1717 East Interstate Avenue Bismarck, North Dakota 58501 Telephone 701/223-0441 Robert L Valeu, Coordinator Impact Planning ------- SOUTH DAKOTA STATE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH Souch Dakota Stale Department of Health State Office Building #2 Pierre, Souch Dakota 57501 Edward DeAnconi, Ph.D , Secretary of Health Telephone: 605/224-3361 James D. Corning, Director Communicable Disease Control and Laboratory Services Telephone 605/224-3143 Howard Hutchings, Chief Section of Environmental Sanitation Telephone 605/224-3141 William Johnson Office of Public Health Statistics Joe Fosse Office Building Pierre, Souch Dakoca 57501 Telephone 605/224-3355 (Health Infonnalion) Sherman Folland, Ph.D., Health Economist Health Manpower and Linkage Project STATE PLANNING AND RESOURCES AGENCIES State Planning Bureau State Capitol Building Pierre, South Dakota 57501 Telephone 605/224-3661 Dan P.ucks, Commissioner Department of Environmental Protection State Office Building Pierre, South Dakota 57501 Telephone. 605/224-3351 Dr. Allyn 0. Lockner, Secretary PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT DISTRICTS District I - Brookings, Clark, Codington. Deuel, Grant, Hamlin, Kingsbury, Lake, Miner, and Moody Counties Planning and Development District I 401 1st Avenue, Northeast Watertown, South Dakota 57201 Telephone 605/886-7224 Lowell D. Richards, Director District II - Clay, Lincoln, McCook, Minnehaha. Turner, and Union Counties Planning and Development District II (South Eastern Council of Governments) 208 East 13th Sioux Falls, South Dakota ;>7102 Telephone: 605/336-1297 William B. Choate, Director District III - Aurora, Bon Homme, Brule, Charles Mix, Davison, Douglas, Gregory, Hanson, Hutchinson, Jerauld, Sanborn, and Yankton Counties Planning and Development District III Yankton County Courthouse Post Office Box 687 Yankton, South Dakota 57078 Telephone 605/665-4408 Herman Tushaus, Director District IV - Beadle, Brown, Day, Edmunds, Faulk, Hand, Marshall, McPherson, Spink, and Roberts Counties Planning and Development District IV 310 S. Lincoln Aberdeen, South Dakota 57401 Telphone. 605/229-4740 District V - Armstrong, Buffalo, Campbell, Carson, Dewey, Haakon, Hughes, Hyde, Jones, Lyman, Mellette, Perkins. Potter, Stan- ley, Sully. Todd, Tripp, Walworth, and Ziebach Counties Planning and DevelopmenC Districc V 365 1/2 S. Pierre Street Post Office Box 640 Pierre, South Dakota 57501 Telephone 605/224-1623 Dennis W. Potter, Director District VI - Bennett, Butte, Custer, Fall River. Harding, Jackson, Lawrence, Meade, Pennington, Shannon, Washabaugh, and Washington Counties Sixth District Council of Local Governments 306 East Sainc Joe Post Office Box 1586 Rapid City, South Dakota 57701 Telephone 605/342-8241 Larry Finnerty, Director HEALTH PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY Edward DeAntoni, Ph.D. Secretary of Health Department of Health State Office Building //2 Pierre, South Dakota 57501 Telephone. 605/224-3361 Donald G. Kurvink, Director Office of State Health Planning and Development Telephone 605/224-3693 HEALTH SYSTEMS AGENCY SouCh Dakoca Healch Systems Agency, Inc. 216 East Clark Street Vermillion, South Dakota 57069 Telephone. 605/624-4446 Donald Brekke, Executive Director STATE ENERGY OFFICE Office of Energy Policy State Capitol Building Pierre, South Dakota 75701 Telephone. 605/224-3603 James Van Loan, Director John Culbertson, Deputy Director BUSINESS RESEARCH BUR£AU School of Business University of South Dakota Vermillion, South Dakota 57069 COOPERATIVE EXTENSION SERVICE South Dakota State University Brookings, South Dakota 57006 SOURCE OF DEMOGRAPHIC INFORMATION Rural Sociology Department Agricultural Experiment Station South Dakota Stat*-' University Brookings, Souch Dakota 57006 William Bergan University of South Dakota Vermillion, South Dakota 57069 Larry Rehfeld, Director ------- UTAH STATE DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL SERVICES Utah State Division of Health 150 West North Temple Room 474 Salt Lake City, Utah 84103 Lyman J. Olsen, M.D., M.P H. Director of Health Telephone: 801/533-6111 Taira Fukushima, M.D., M.P.H. Deputy Director of Health Room 460 Telephone 801/533-6191 E. Arnold Isaacson, M.D., M.P.H Deputy Directoc cf Health for Community Health Services Room 440 Telephone: 801/533-6129 Alan G. Barbour, M.D., (ETS) Officer Epidemic Intelligence Service Room 426 Telephone: 801/533-6163 Mervin R. Reid, Director Bureau of Sanitation Environmental Health Services Room 430 Telephone: 801/533-6163 Lynn M. Thatcher Deputy Director of Health for Environmental Health Services Room 430 Telephone- 801/533-6121 Howard M. Hurst, Director Bureau of Environmental Health Roon; 430 Telephone 801/533-6121 John Brockert, Director Bureau of Statistical Services Room 158 Telephone: 801/533-6186 STATE PLANNING AGENCIES Office of State Planning Coordinator State Capitol Building Room 118 Salt Lake City. Utah 84114 Telephone: 801/533-5356 James Edwin Kee State Planning Coordinator Department of Community Affairs State Capitol Building Salt Lake City, Utah 34114 Telephone: 801/533-5236 Beth S Jarman Executive Director Division of Energy Conservation and Development 455 East 4th South Suite 300 Salt Lake City, Utah 34111 Telephone 533-6491 Rhead Searle, Executive Secretary Energy Conservation and Development Council MULTI-COUNTY ASSOCIATIONS OF GOVERNMENTS Bear River--Box Elder, Cache, and Rich Counties Bear River Association of Governments 160 North Main Street Room 203 Cache County Hall of Justice Logan, Utah 84321 Telephone: 752-7721 Bruce King Executive Director Wasatch Front -- Davis, Morgan Salt Lake, Tooele, and Weber Counties Wasatch Front Regional Council 424 West Center Street Bountiful, Utah 84010 Telephone 801/292-4469 Will Jeffries Executive Director Mountainland -- Summit, Utah, and Wasatch Counties Mountainland Association of Governments 160 East Center Street Provo, Utah 84601 Telephone. 801/377-2262 Homer Chandler Executive Director Six County -- Juab, Millard, Piute, Sanpete, Sevier, and Wayne Counties Six County Commissioners Organization Post Office Box 191 Richfield, Utah 84701 Telephone- 801/896-4676 Five County -- Beaver, Garfield, Iron, Kane, and Washington Counties Five County Association of Governments Post Office Box 0 St. George, Utah 84770 Telephone 801/673-3548 Rhead Bowman Executive Director Unitah Basin -- Daggett, Duchesne, and Unitah Counties Unitah Basin Association of Governments Post Office Box 1449 Roosevelt, Utah 84066 Telephone 801/722-4518 Clint Harrison Executive Director Energy Planning Council Unitah County Building Room 303 Vernal, Uriah 84078 Telephone 801/789-2300 Chuck Henderson Director Southeastern -- Carbon, Emery. Grand, and San Juan Courtles Southeastern Association of Governments Post Office Drawer A-l Price, Utah 84501 Telephone. 801/637-1396 William K Dinehart Executive Director ------- (UTAH CONT'D) HEALTH PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY Department of Social Services 150 West North Temple Room 310 Salt Lake City, Utah 84103 Telephone• 801/533-5331 Anthony W. Mitchell Director State Health Planning and Development Agency Office of Planning and Research 150 West North Temple Room 333 Salt Lake City, Utah 84103 Stewart C. Smith Assis tant Director University of Utah Medical Center Department of Family and Community Medicine 50 North Medical Drive Salt Lake City, Utah 94132 Telephone 801/581-5094 Dr. Richard F.H. Kirk Division of Family Practice Utah Valley Hospital 1034 North Fifth West Provo, Utah 84601 Telephone: 801/373-7850 Mark J. Howard Director of Rural Health HEALTH SYSTEMS AGENCY Utah Health Systems Agency 19 West South Temple 8th Floor Salt Lake City, Utah 84103 Telephone: 801/5 71-3476 Paul Bomboulian Director STATE ENERGY OFFICE Department of Natural Resources State of Utah State Capital Building Room 438 Salt Lake City, Utah 84114 Clifford R. Collins State Energy Coordinator SOURCE OF DEMOGRAPHIC INFORMATION Office of State Planning Coordinator State Capitol Building Room 118 Salt Lake City, Utah 84114 Telephone: 801/533-5245 James Edwin Kee State Planning Coordinator COOPERATIVE EXTENSION SERVICE Utah State University Logan, Utah 84322 Telephone: 801/752-0961 William F. Farnsworth Staff Development Leader INSTITUTE OF GOVERNMENT SERVICE Brigham Young University Provo, Utah 84602 Telephone- 801/374-1211 Dr. Doyle W. Buckwalrer Associate Director BUREAU OF COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT University of Utah 1141 Annex Building Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 Telephone. 801/581-6491 Dr. Richard P. Lindsay Director HEALTH SERVICES ORGANIZATIONS Health System Research Institute 715 East 3900 South Suite 205 Salt Lake City, Utah 84107 Telephone 801/261-1000 George F. Powell, Jr. ------- WYOMING STATE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH Wyoming Division of Health and Medical Services Hathaway Building, Fourth Floor Cheyenne, Wyoming 92002 Lawrence J. Cohen, M.D. Administrator Telephone- 307/777-7121 H.S. Parish, M.D., M.P.H. Assistant State Administrator for Division of Health and Medical Services Telephone 307/777-7513 Robert L. Coffman, Director Food and General Sanitation Division Telephone 307/777-7358 Jo Ann Amen, Deputy State Registrar Vital Records Services Division of Health and Medical Services Department of Health and Social Services Cheyenne, Wyoming 82002 Telephone• 307/777-7591 STATE PLANNING AND RESOURCES AGENCIES Department of Economic Planning and Development Barrett Building, Third Floor Cheyenne, Wyoming 82002 Telephone: 307/777-7284 Sherman Karcher, Director Department of Environmental Quality Water Quality Division Hathaway Building Cheyenne, Wyoming 82002 Telephone: 307/777-7781 William L. Garland, Administrator Wyoming Community Development Authority 139 West Second Casper, Wyoming 82602 Telephone: 307/265-0603 CITY-COUNTY PLANNING AGENCIES Lincoln-Uinta Association of Governments Post Office Box 389 Kemmerer, Wyoming 83101 Telephone: 307/877-3707 Richard Jentzsch, Executive Director Cheyenne-Laramie County Regional Planning Office Post Office Box 3232 Cheyenne, Wyoming 82001 Telephone: 307/635-0186 Peter L. Innis, Director of Planning Rawlins-Carbon County Regional Planning Office Box 953 Rawlins, Wyoming 92301 Telephone 307/324-5613 Herb Hogue, Director of Planning Casper-Natrona County Planning Office Intermountain Building Casper, Wyoming 83601 Telephone. 307/235-6503 Charles L. "Chuck" Davis, City-County Planner Sweetwater County Planning and Zoning Commission Post Office Box 791 Green River, Wyoming 82935 Telephone- 307/875-2611, Extension 270 Dennis Watt, Planning Director Regional Flanning Office Box 228 Basin, Wyoming 82410 Telephone. 307/568-2566 Newell Sorensen, Director of Planning Laramie-Albany County Regional Planning Office Albany County Courthouse Room 402 Laramie, Wyoming 82070 Telephone-* 307/742-3166 Nakul "Nick" Verma, City-County Planning Director Converse Area Planning Office Post Office Box 1303 Douglas, Wyoming 82633 Telephone• 307/358-4066 A1 Straessle, City-County Planner Department of Planning and Developrrent City of Gillette-Campbell County Post Office Box 540 Gillette. Wyoming 82716 Joe Racine, Director Rock Springs Planning Office Rock Springs, Wyoming 82901 Telephone 307/362-6892 Platte County Joint Planning Office Post Office Box 718 Wheatland, Wyoming 82201 Telephone 307/322-9128 David Sneesby, Planning Director Sheridan Area Planning Agency Post Office Box 652 Sheridan, Wyoming 82801 Telephone 307/672-3426 Les Jayne, Planning Director Fremont Association of Governments 191 South Fourth Lander, Wyoming 82520 Telephone 307/332-9208 Tom Curren, Executive Director Northeast Wyoming Three County Joint Powers Board Post Office Box 743 Newcastle, Wyoming 82701 Telephone• 307/746-2433 Abbie Birmingham, Director Fremont County County Courthouse Lander, Wyoming 82520 Telephone 307/332-5371 Ron Martin, Planning Director INDUSTRIAL ORGANIZATIONS Missouri Basin Power Project Post Office Box 518 Wheatland, Wyoming 82201 Telephone 307/322-9121 Tim Rafferty, Impact Coordinator Southwest Wyoming Industrial Association 638 Elias Pock Sntinps, Wyoming 82901 Telephone ' 307/382-4190 Kim Brings, Executive Director ------- (WYOMING CONT'D) HEALTH PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY Lawrence Cohen, M.D., Director Department of Health and Medical Services Hathaway Building, Fourth Floor Cheyenne, Wyoming 92002 Telephone 307/777-7121 Lawrence Bertilson, Director Comprehensive Health Planning Hathaway Building, Fourth Floor Cheyenne, Wyoming 82002 Telephone 307/777-7121 HEALTH SYSTEMS AGENCY Wyoming Health Systems Agency Post Office Box 106 Cheyenne, Wyoming 82001 Telephone- 307/634-2726 Richard M. Neibaur, Executive Director STATE ENERGY OFFICE Department of Economic Planning and Development Barrett Building, Third Floor Cheyenne, Wyoming 82002 Telephone- 307/777-7284 John Niland, Executive Director John Goodier, Chief of Mineral Division SOURCE OF DEMOGRAPHIC INFORMATION Economic Research Unit State Planning Coordinator's Office 24th and Capitol Avenue Cheyenne, Wyoming 82002 Telephone¦ 307/777-7504 Division of Business and Economic Research University of Wyoming Post Office Box 3295 Laramie, Wvoming 82071 Telephone 307/766-5141 Dr. Mike Joehnk, Director WYOMING HUMAN SERVICES PROJECT University of Wyoming Merica Hall 207 Laramie, Wyoming 82071 Telephone. 307/766-6318 Dr. Keith A. Miller, Project Director Gillette Human Services Project 202 Warren Ave. Post Office Box 1104 Cillette, Wyoming 82716 Telephone: 307/68^-4219 JoAnn Snurigar-Wzorek Community Coordinator Platte County Human Services Project 962 Gilchrist Ave Wheatland, Wyoming 82201 Telephone- 307/322-44SU HEALTH PLANNING RESOURCE CENTER Institute for Policy Research Post Office Fox 3925 University of Wyoming Laramie, WY 82071 Telephone: 307/766-5141 Dr. George Piccagli, Director COOPERATIVE EXTENSION SERVICE College of Agriculture PosL Office Box 3354 University of Wyoming Laramie, Wyoming 82071 Telephone: 307/766-3253 Josephine B. Rund, State Extension Leader Home Econonomics Sharron Kclsey, Field Director ------- |