Chesapeake Executive Council
Federal Workplan
Chesapeake
Bay
Program
Agreement Commitment Report
July 1988
-------
"ID
.csl
Federal Workplan
An Agreement Commitment Report from
the Chesapeake Executive Council
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Region JII Information Resourca
Center (3PM52)
841 Chestnut Street
Philadelphia, PA 19107
Annapolis, Maryland
July 1988
-------
ADOPTION STATEMENT
We, the undersigned, adopt the Federal Workplan in fulfillment of Governance Commit-
ment Number 8 of the 1987 Chesapeake Bay Agreement:
"...by July 1988, the Environmental Protection Agency, acting for the
federal government, will develop a coordinated, federal agency workplan
which identifies specific federal programs to be integrated into a
coordinated federal effort to support the restoration of the Chesapeake Bay."
The Federal Workplan describes each participating agency's Bay initiatives, the current
level of coordination, outlines a process for expanding that cooperation, and points to future
directions for agency efforts in support of the Agreement. Agencies have included projections of
potential programs and projects for the fu ture which may be the basis for coordinated, complemen-
tary budget proposals.
In adopting the Federal Workplan, we call upon the participating federal agencies to:
1. Review and revise the document annually;
2. Report to the Executive Council annually on progress in implementing the Workplan
and in improving coordination among the agencies; and
3. Work with the Implementation Committee to identify opportunities for future federal
cooperation and coordination in implementing the 1987 Chesapeake Bay Agreement.
For the Commonwealth of Virginia
For the State of Maryland
For the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
For the United States of America
For the District of Columbia
For the Chesapeake Bay Commission
iSfJ^aUly' —
-------
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Preface v
Federal Coordination 1
Environmental Protection Agency 25
Geological Survey 35
Fish & Wildlife Service 41
Soil Conservation Service 49
Army Corps of Engineers 53
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 73
Department of Defense 83
Forest Service 95
Other Federal Agencies with Programs Affecting the Chesapeake Bay .... 105
iii
-------
FIGURES AND TABLES
Figure
Title
Page
1
EPA Chesapeake Bay Program Organizational Chart
26
2
Fish & Wildlife Service Organizational Chart
42
3
Phases of the Budget Process (F&WS)
47
4
Soil Conservation Service Activities-Chesapekae Bay
50
5
Corps of Engineers Organizational Chart
54
6
CoE District Boundaries
55
7
CoE Civil Works Budget Timeline
70
8
NOAA Organization Chart
74
9
Department of Defense Organization Chart
84
Table
Title
Page
1
Federal Activities in Support of the 1987
5-24
Chesapeake Bay Agreement
2
EPA Programs Which Help Achieve Agreement Goals
28-29
3
Relationship of EPA Activities to Agreement Goals
30-31
4
Potential EPA Activities Related to Chesapeake Bay
32-33
5
Relationship of USGS Activities to Agreement Goals
38-39
6
Fish & Wildlife Service Chesapeake Bay Activities
43-44
7
Relationship of F&WS Activities to Agreement Goals
45-46
8
Potential F&WS Activities Related to the Chesapeake
48
Bay Agreement
9
CoE Chesapeake Bay Activities
57-64
10
Relationship of CoE Activities to Agreement Goals
66-69
11
Potential Corps Activities Related to Chesapeake Bay
71
12
Relationship of NOAA Activities to Agreement Goals
79-80
13
Relationship of DoD Activities to Agreement Goals
89-93
14
Relationship of Forest Service Activities to
98-103
Agreement Goals
iv
-------
PREFACE
The Governance Section of the 1987 Chesapeake Bay Agreement contains the
commitment: "by July 1988, the Environmental Protection Agency, acting for
the Federal government, will develop, a coordinated, federal agency workplan
which identifies specific Federal programs to be integrated into a
coordinated Federal effort to support the restoration of the Chesapeake Bay."
Before the Agreement was signed in December 1987, the Federal Agencies
Committee (FAC) met to begin planning Federal participation in development of
all the commitment documents due in 1988, and specifically to plan how they
would accomplish the Federal commitments: the work plan and Federal facilities
strategy. Members of the FAC are organizations which have signed memoranda
of understanding or joint resolutions with the EPA. The same agencies also
participate on the Implementation Committee.
The FAC was chosen as the group to develop the Federal work plan because:
o its purpose in part is to encourage and expand interagency
cooperation, coordination and communication;
o members are an integral part of the Chesapeake Bay Program
infrastructure, participate actively on numerous subgroups, and
through the groups formally communicate/cooperate with the states and
other Federal agencies.
o members represent the major Federal programs affecting the restoration
and protection of the Bay and its living resources.
Through EPA's national capital area group, the Environmental Roundtable, and
at Region ill federal facilities conferences, additional agencies were invited
to participate in development of the Federal Work Plan.
This Draft Federal Work Plan contains contributions from the following
agencies: Army Corps of Engineers, U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, U.S.
Geological Survey, .Soil Conservation Service, Forest Service, U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Department of Defense, and National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration.
Each agency which provided input to the Plan described its overall mission,
organization, programs important to the Bay and how those efforts support
the Agreement, future plans and method for establishing priorities for
funding.
v
-------
FEDERAL COORDINATION
INTRODUCTION
The individual Federal agencies' workplans that follow this section of the
Federal Workplan provide information concerning activities for which separate
agencies have budgeted dollars and human resources. Each agency program
description includes a matrix or list displaying the relationship of efforts
to the Agreement. Table 1, at the end of this chapter, summarizes 1988 and
near term planned Federal activities and describes how they support meeting
the goals of the 1987 Chesapeake Bay Agreement using the six sections of the
Agreement and the categories which appear in the matrices. Some of the
numerous projects and activities which are coordinated and carried out through
interagency cooperation to increase cost effectiveness and maximize results
are described following.
PROJECTS AND PROGRAMS
Examples of Federal cooperation include work in the areas of computer modeling
and geographic information systems (GIS) use and development, monitoring,
submerged aquatic vegetation studies of distribution and diversity, wetlands,
assistance with planning and implementing best management practices, pollution
reduction on federal facilities, communications, fisheries management, and
special studies.
The Geological Survey (USGS) works cooperatively with several other Federal
agencies in collecting hydrologic data and performing water resources
investigations in the Chesapeake bay drainage area. The cooperative projects
include:
1. Several districts of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (CoE) provide
funding for the Survey to collect streamflow and water quality data at
numerous sites on streams in the Bay drainage area. These data are used for
CoE project management such as dam operation, i.e. deciding how much water to
release when and at what level of the structure. Such decisions not only
affect the extent of erosion along the stream, they also affect salinity,
temperature and dissolved oxygen, so they affect the living resources
downstream of the structures. In forecasting flooding, the National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration (NQAA) also uses the data extensively.
2. In cooperation with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), USGS is
completing a GIS demonstration project in the Elizabeth River area of
Virginia. GIS tools are being used to investigate how data on land use
patterns and identified contaminant sources can be used by water resource
managers making decisions about the Elizabeth River. Plans are now being
formulated in cooperation with the Soil Conservation Service (SCS) to extend
the use of GIS tools in mapping soil characteristics in the entire drainage
basin.
3. USGS is working with several military installations in the drainage basin
to investigate site-specific problems. At Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland,
four studies are underway to identify the extent and movement of contaminants
in the local ground water system. Similar studies are underway at Boiling
Air Force Base in Maryland and the District of Columbia, and at the Defense
1
-------
General Supply Center in Richmond, Virginia. Further, data collection has
begun on an investigation to identify sources of increasing salinity in ground
water supplies in and surrounding the Indian Head Naval Ordnance Station in
Maryland.
The Fish & Wildlife Service cooperates with other Federal agencies in several
projects within the Bay drainage area:
1. With Corps of Engineers and EPA financial assistance for data collection,
the Service continues its monitoring of SAV distribution and diversity. The
surveys are conducted annually. They are planned jointly throuth the SAV
Work Group of the Monitoring Subcommittee. Reports and maps are jointly
prepared, reviewed, used and distributed. NQAA also participates on the Work
Group through its National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS).
2. The Service helped the DoD prepare a management plan for wildlife and
habitat at Fort Belvoir in Virginia.
3. The Service also helped DoD to identify wetlands of significant value to
the Bay.
4. The Service is working with EPA, the Corps of Engineers and NMFS to
develop a policy for the protection of tidal and nontidal wetlands.
5. The Service cooperates with NQAA in collecting and analyzing fishery
statistics and has a major program of tagging anfd release of hathery produced
striped bass fingerlings. NMFS provides funds and vessel time for the East
Coast tagging effort.
6. The Service with NMFS survey fish passage facilities for anadromous fish
to remove or improve blockages.
7. The Service, with CoE, USGS and the National Park Service plans and
performs annual surveys of Hydrilla in the Potomac River and establishes
appropriate harvest regimes on an annual basis.
8. The Service, with the CoE, produces educational material on SAV. The
agencies are cooperating in the development and funding of a color
identification guide to SAV.
9. The Service assists NQAA to select sites and research within the Bay area
for the Estuarine Sanctuary Program.
10. The Service also cooperates with NCAA's Environmental Effects Coimnittee
to identify priority research for its Sea Grant efforts in the Bay states.
The Soil Conservation Service has worked with the USGS on the use of GIS to
display soil characteristics, land use patterns and pollution loadings. SCS
cooperates with numerous other agencies through memoranda of understanding
which encourage coordination of efforts such as the Rural Clean Water Program,
Resource Conservation and Development Program and Watershed Protection and
Flood Prevention Program. SCS has completed soil surveys for Andrews Air
Force Base and Bloodsworth Island, and developed soil conservation plans at
Cameron Station and the Naval Academy Dairy Farm. SCS has provided a liaison
2
-------
person to the Bay Program since 1984 when EPA and SCS signed a memorandum of
understanding.
Since 1984 when EPA signed memoranda of understanding with the SCS, F&WS,
USGS, NQAA and the CoE, and a joint resolution with the DoD, the Bay Program
has been the focal point for Federal cooperation and coordination. The EPA
works with all Federal agencies involved in the Bay Program through staffing
the Implementation Committee and Federal Agencies Committee, and .chairing thee
task forces responsible for development and implentation of the Federal
Facilties Strategy and the Federal Work Plan. The Agency is working with the
Corps of Engineers in developing the Time Variable Three Dimensional Model,
with USGS on fall line monitoring and use of the GIS, with F&WS on SAV
monitoring, with SCS on watershed modeling and implementation/evaluation of
best management practices, with DoD on reducing pollution from its facilities.
Regional and Headquarters staff members work with all Federal agencies to
assist them to improve compliance with EPA laws, regulations and guidelines.
The Department of Defense has received assistance on its facilities from
SCS, F&WS (see above), EPA and the CoE. Through the Joint Resolution signed in
September 1984, EPA has been working with DoD to strengthen the NPDES permits
granted to DoD facilities, insuring that they are up to date and define
appropriate discharge levels. Further, the EPA federal facilities coordinator
in Region III provides current information on federal facilities compliance
requriements through periodic conferences and on-site visits. The Baltimore
District of the CoE prepared environmental action plans for Fort Belvoir for
the management of underground storage tanks, erosion, sedimentation and
stormwater management, and water quality monitoring. The Corps also provided
technical contract managment support to the Office of the Secretary for
Defense for the study of its 66 Bay area installations (Water Quality
Assessment of DoD Installations in the Chesapeake Bay Region). NQAA
participated with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the
Navy to coordinate a high altitude overflight of the Chesapeake Bay area in
July 1986 for the purpose of estuarine monitoring.
The Corps of Engineers works cooperatively with other Federal, state and
regional agencies in conducting water resources investigations and
administering laws for the protection and preservation of navigable waters in
the Chesapeake Bay. As part of its water resources development program, the
Corps is engaged in a major cost-shared (with the states) study of shoreline
erosion around the Bay, as well as the programs mentioned above.
The Corps is working with other Federal agencies in a number of areas within
the Bay, including: developing a policy for the protection of tidal and
nontidal wetlands with FWS, EPA and NQAA; annual surveys of Hydrilla and other
SAV in the Potomac River and executiion of joint Hyrilla management programs
with the Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments; annual provision of
funds to the USGS for collecing hydrologic data in tributaries of the Bay; and
preparation of environmental action plans and a water quality assessment for
DoD Bay installations.
The Corps regulatory program is designed to reflect both national and regional
concerns regarding the protection and utilization of important Bay resources.
Each permit action (over 5,000 in 1987) is coordinated with FWS, EPA, other
Federal agencies as approriate, and various resource agencies at the state
3
-------
level prior to the Corps' taking action.
FUTURE PROGRAMS
When developing their workplans, agencies listed potential future programs and
projects, within their mandates, which they believe could further the goals of
the Bay Agreement. The Federal Agencies Committee, which intends to continue
to function as a group under the 1987 Chesapeake Bay Agreement, will review
those lists and attempt to develop future coordinated budget proposals that
are complementary and interdependent.
Further the Committee will be working more closely with the Agreement
commitment task forces to more closely track the unfilled needs which Federal
agencies may be able to plan for and meet. The Federal Agencies Committee
will propose a process to the Implementation Committee to improve the
effectiveness of the overall Bay restoration and protection program. Task
Force Chairmen will be asked to review their documents and the related
objectives in the 1987 Agreement to analyze which necessary programs and
projects cannot be financed within the resources of the signatory
jurisdictions in the 1990s. These lists would be given to the Federal
Agencies Committee for discussion and thorough review.
Federal agency representatives would then outline which items fit directly
within their mandates or would have potential for funding because they involve
high prioirty issues. The Committee would then determine which agency or
agencies would attempt to include specific projects in their budget submittals
for 1990 and beyond.
4
-------
TABLE 1
FEDERAL ACTIVITIES IN SUPPORT OF THE 1987 CHESAPEAKE BAY AGREEMENT
LIVING RESOURCES
SAV restoration, protection and enhancement
EPA: Provide funding for FWS survey, states replanting and public
information/involvement grants, perform Federal coordination,
secretariat services for Federal Committee, and regulatory reviews.
FWS: Participate in trends assessment by conducting research on SAV
contaminant tolerance and food value, promoting prioritized nutrient
reductions in the Choptank River, protecting through regulatory review
processes and planning; produce publications and co-sponsor citizens
groundtruthing effort.
DoD: Natural resource management plans and wetlands management plans
include guidance for the protection of SAV areas; cooperative SAV
planting programs at Aberdeen Proving Grounds since 1980, and at the
Annapolis Naval Station.
NOAA: Provide funding for SAV research and restoration/enhancement
projects through NOAA's Chesapeake Bay Environmental Effects
Committee, MD and VA Sea Grant College Programs, and MD and VA
Coastal Resources Management Programs, and Habitfitt Conservation
activities of the National Marine Fisheries Service.
CoE: Implements regulatory permits program consistent with protection and
restoration of SAV beds; conducts studies and research activities
pertaining to SAV; looks for and implements dredged material disposal
actions for SAV restoration and protection where possible and
practical; monitors abundance and distribution of SAV in Potomac River
on annual basis.
FS: Coordinating Committee (CC) will develop information base for its use
and participate in Agreement work.
SCS: Promote the use of vegetation for shoreline protection.
5
-------
Soil erosion & sedimentation reduction
EPA: Provide and manage NPS implementation grants to states; staff to NPS
Subcommittee; regulatory reviews of Federal projects; Federal
coordination.
FWS: Assess turbidity problems in the Choptank River; perform shoreline
alteration study in Baltimore and Anne Arundel counties;
recommendations during routine work under Clean Water Act and F&W
Coordination Act; forest buffer pamphlet.
qq. Provides topographic maps and/ in cooperation with SCS t digitized
soils information; provides collection, analysis and interpretation of
stream sediment loads and bed materials.
DoD: Best management practices (BMPs) are written into timber sales
agreements and agricultural o-utleases and included in
installation land management plans and soil conservation plans (e.g.
stormwater detention basins constructed at Andrews AFB, experimental
shore erosion control project at Camp Peary, shore erosion and
sediment control projects at NAS Solomons Island, NRL Chesapeake
Detachment, NOS Indian Head, and NSWC Dahlgren, soil stabilization and
runoff control at Letterkenny Army Depot, Fort Belvoir, and Fort A.P.
Hill); potential problem areas are identified during staff assistance
visits and environmental audits, and plans are reviewed, upgraded and
implemented where needed.
NQAA: Conducts analyses using satellite and aircraft remote sensing
data to characterize suspended sediment in surface waters of the
Bay and tributaries; supports nonpoint source pollution research
and shoreline erosion mitigation projects through National Marine
Fisheries Service and Coastal Resource Management and Estuarine
Reserve Research Programs in MD and VA.
CoE: Conducts shoreline erosion and streambank erosion studies and
constructs erosion control projects which contribute to turbidity
reduction in the Bay (e.g. Chesapeake Bay Shoreline erosion study);
implements regulatory program consistent with sediment control
practices; constructing innovative shoreline protection demonstration
sites in Virginia and Maryland Bay waters which may have Bavwide
application in the future. J
FS: CC will participate as "Working Group" in the development of erosion
and sedimentation planning elements and provide technical assistance
in the implementation stage; provide technical and financial assist-
ance to states to control insect and disease outbreaks which threaten
to defoliate or kill standing timber, seriously impairing watershed
protection; through State forestry agencies provide wildfire protec-
tion for forested watersheds in the Region; provide technical and
nfH^ni^nri Pro9rams promoting establishment
of upland forests for erosion reduction, forest buffer strips to
filter agricultural pollutants from surface and ground water or main-
tenance of existing upland or riparian forests for the same purpose
6
-------
SCS: Provide funds and support the state soil conservation committee in
each state and local conservation district with reducing erosion and
sedimentation from agricultural lands in identified living resource
priority watersheds; promote participation in the Conservation Reserve
Program with emphasis on buffer strips; continue to evaluate grasses
and provide stock from the SCS Plant Materials Centers for
demonstration of shoreline erosion control, dune stabilization, and
other critical area plantings.
Maintain freshwater inflows
EPA: Technical staff performing research re: use of dams as BMPs;
perform regulatory review of Federal projects affecting flow.
GS: Measures and reports on network of streamr-gauging stations on Bay
tributaries and throughout the Bay basin.
DoD: Addressed in installation natural resource management plans as
appropriate.
NQAA: Regulatory review of flow diversion and dam projects by the
National Marine Fisheries Service; routine transfer of National
Weather Service rainfall data and National Ocean Service tide
level data to CBP Computer Center for modeling applications.
CoE: Conducting reallocation studies to evaluate effects of changing
storage from Susguhanna River reservoirs; allocations and freshwater
releases on water resource needs including the Chesapeake Bay;
operates Corps reservoirs to meet instream water quality targets in
major Bay tributaries.
FS: CC will encourage, support and provide technical assistance in the
Agricultural Conservation Program (ACP), Forest incentives Program
(FIP), Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) for the establishment of
upland forests or forested buffer strips to filter agricultural
pollution from surface and groundwater entering the Bay.
Restore Wildlife and Waterfowl
EPA: Living Resources Subcommittee and task groups membership and staff
support; Federal coordination; pretreatment programs and permit
activities improve habitat.
FWS: Conducts research on canvasback, black duck and old squaw; works on
the Choptank River to promote habitat restoration for waterfowl
wintering grounds; summaries of mid-winter waterfowl data over a 40
year period will be used in assessing trends and to produce a
brochure.
DoD: Addressed in installation natural resource management plans which ate
reviewed, upgraded and implemented as needed.
NQAA: Provides staff support to the Living Resources Subcommittee (LRS);
7
-------
chairs the LRS Resource Management Workgroup and the STAC Living
Resources Workgroup; supports wetland mitigation and related habitat
restoration projects through Coastal Resource Management Programs in
MD and VA; conducts regulatory permit reviews.
CoE: Conducting studies, research and dredged material disposal operations
with an eye towards habitat creation, enhancement, and restoration;
implements regulatory program consistent with protection of wetland
habitat necessary for wildlife and waterfowl.
FS: Wildlife habitat, cover and travel zones establishment or improvement
is ancillary to the watershed protection provided by the
establishment of new forested tracts, forested buffer strips or the
improvement and/or maintenance of existing forests, either in the
uplands or along the Region's streams.
SCS: Assist landowners in planning for wildlife habitat areas through the
conservation planning process within each local conservation
district; provide technical assistance in cooperation with the local
conservation district in developing waterfowl habitat.
Policy for protection of tidal and nontidal wetlands
EPA: Participating on Policy development task group; Federal coordination;
wetlands permit activities.
FWS: Produced atlas of Chesapeake Bay wetlands; studying the effectiveness
of mitigation for Chesapeake Bay wetlands; participating on policy
development task group.
NQAA: Provides staff support to Wetland Policy Workgroup; funds projects
to produce computerized inventories of wetlands in MD and VA;
funds Bay-wide tidal wetland land use characterization and ten-year
change study; conducts permit reviews.
CoE: Corps permit program regulates activities in tidal and nontidal
wetlands (In 1987, 5,000 applications were processed by Corps on
Chesapeake Bay.); institutes Floodplain Management Services Program
to help minimize development in floodplain and wetland areas.
SCS: Work with Policy task group to identify new initiatives for protection
of nontidal wetlands; support the state conservation committee in each
state and administer the wetlands provisions of the Food Security Act
of 1985 for protection and restoration of wetlands.
Fish passage; remove blockages
EPA: Participate on task group; perform Federal coordination and regulatory
reviews.
FWS: Participate on task group reviewing blockages and recommending removal
techniques.
GS: Working with Living Resources Subcommittee to modify several
8
-------
hydrologic control structures (used to gauge streams) to allow fish
passage.
DoD: Potential problem areas are identified during staff assistance visits
and environmental audits; work with the Living Resources Subcommittee
to identify potential blockages to fish migration, and work to
mitigate these impediments.
NQAA: Participates in Fish Passage Workgroup; evaluates Federal Energy
Regulatory Commission dam projects; coordinates with COE through
an MOU.
CoE: Conducts studies to develop fish passage schemes for blockages in Bay
tributaries (i.e., ongoing Rock Creek, D.C. fish passage).
SCS: Work with and support the state conservation committee, as appropri-
ate, as they identify blockages and recommend removal techniques.
Restoration of Shellfish Stocks & commercially important species
EPA: Staff support for monitoring, information transfer; pretreatment
program improves habitat and water quality conditions; prevent
degradation through NEPA.
FWS: Striped bass tagging effort on hatchery and wild stock fish to improve
migratory movements information; identification of inoperative passage
facilities to help restore anadromous fish such as shad and alewives.
NQAA: Provides staff support and funding for NQAA-sponsored state/federal
Chesapeake Bay Stock Assessment Committee (CBSAC) which compiled the
Baywide Stock Assessment Plan; supports applied research to improve
stock assessment (e.g. 1988 study to design a Bay-wide trawl survey);
transfers fisheries data to CBP Computer Center; provides Sea Grant
funding for basic and applied research such as aquaculture
development; conducts recreational fishing surveys; coordinates with
coastal states to prepare and implement fisheries management plans
and anadromous fish restoration plans; and provides funding for
shellfish restoration projects in MD and VA through the State/Federal
program.
CoE: Implements regulatory program which protects habitat for shellfish and
finfish species; conducts studies pertaining to freshwater inflows
affected by Corps projects which could beneficially impact species.
Plan for oysters, blue crab and shad
EPA: See last entry
CoE: see last entry.
NQAA: Support stock assessment for these species as part of fisheries
management planning process; CBSAC supports population dynamics
research on oysters and blue crab.
9
-------
FWS: Participate in stock assessment, species restoration and research;
ensure that federally funded or permitted programs give adequate
consideration to fish protection; develop and maintain agreements with
states and other non-federal agencies to conserve, develop and enhance
anadromous fish; adminsiter grnats in aid to states for fisheries
management; collect, develop and tranfer data for fisheries habitats.
WATER QUALITY
Reduce levels of nonpoint source loads
EPA: Provide and manage nonpoint source state implementation grants; reduce
pollutant loads through granting and enforcement provisions of the
Clean Water Act, FIFRA and the Air Quality Act.
GS: Provides information on constituent loads to the Bay from major
tributaries, selected watersheds, and other selected field sites.
DoD: DoD-wide nonpoint source management strategy issued in 1985 includes
technical information exchange, planning coordination, and compliance
review; the Military Services have issued nonpoint source policy and
BMP guidelines to their installations; potential problems are
identified during staff assistance visits and environmental audits;
impact of nonpoint source pollution is addressed in the water quality
assessment of DoD facilities in the Bay region; review, upgrade and
implement land management and natural resources management plans as
needed and implement specific erosion control projects as required.
NQAA: Transfers climate data (precipitation, air temperature, wind) to CBP
Computer Center for use in watershed models; sponsors research
dealing with nonpoint source pollution controls in estuarine reserves,
and the coastal zone and reviews permits for adequate sediment and
erosion control for construction sites.
CoE: Constructs shoreline and streambank protection projects on Chesapeake
Bay and its tributaries; conducts major shoreline erosion study of
Chesapeake By to identify sources of sediment and recommend solutions
in Federal interest; conducts dredged material disposal and dredging
operations consistent with turbidity reduction goals; constructs
military facilities and civil works practices observing acceptable
erosion control practices.
FS: CC will assemble, collate and disseminate information through
membership on Agreement groups or by providing technical assistance
for ongoing Federal Programs such as the Agricultural Conservation
Program (ACP), Forest Incentives Program (FIP) and/or Conservation
Reserve Programs (CRP) or for Bay oriented state programs; forest
pest suppression activities through State forestry organizations
insure control of insects defoliating upland and riparian forests that
either help reduce sediment production or filter excess nutrients out
of ground and surface water; the Mid-Atlantic Compact, cooperatively
supported by the Forest Service and the State forestry organizations
of Delaware, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia and West Virginia,
10
-------
provides both training and, if needed, manpower for wildfire
suppression, insuring the maintenance of optimum watershed conditions
in the Region's watersheds; Northeastern Area State and Private
Forestry, in cooperation with the six states affecting Bay waters,
administers various programs that encourage the maintenance and/or
improvement of watershed values on existing upland or riparian
forests, the conversion of excessively eroding, marginal crop land to
forests and the establishment of forested buffer strips to
filter suspended soil from surface water and nitrogen and phosphorus
from ground water and surface runoff.
SCS: Provide funds and support the state soil conservation committee in
each state and local conservation districts for reducing erosion and
sedimentation from agricultural lands in priority watersheds; develop
plans and implement resource management systems including appropriate
BMP' s on highly eroding lands to meet requirements of the Food
Security Act of 1985; continue providing technical assistance through
on-going programs to the local conservation districts for implementing
conservation practices; promote participation in the Conservation
Reserve Program for establishment of grass and/or trees; cooperate
with the State water quality agency in developing the assessment and
plan in accordance with the Clean Water Act; maintain detail of SCS
personnel to EPA Region 3 to improve communications and coordination;
continue to develop a Geographic Information System (GIS) in
cooperation with the U. S. Geological Survey to demonstrate
usefulness of GIS technology for the Bay Basin; provide a full-time
liaison for coordination with the EPA Chesapeake Bay Liaison Office
and other cooperating state and federal agencies; continue assignment
of SCS personnel to the Chesapeake Bay Liaison Office to assist EPA
with the review, update, and use of the Chesapeake Bay Computer Model
which helps identify areas for priority assistance; continue
assignment of SCS personnel to the Pennsylvania Bureau of Soil and
Water Conservation, and the Virginia Division of Soil and Water
Conservation to assist with activities such as implementation of state
cost-share programs; demonstrations watershed projects; training state
and local conservation district technical staffs; and developing
standards, specifications, and program guidelines.
Identify/control toxic discharges
EPA: Utilize monitoring grants and implementation grants to identify
problems and sources; use regulatory powers under RCRA, FIFRA, the
Pesticides Act, TSCA, the pretreatment program and the Air Quality Act
to control discharges, and use provisions of Superfund and RCRA to
reduce the problems from hazardous waste sites; participate in
development of Toxics Strategy.
FW5: A team of biologists conducts impact assessments at contaminant sites
(15 are under investigation) using various techniques, including
tissue, sediment, histopathological analyses and bioassays;
participate in development of Toxics Strategy.
GSs Provide water quality data on major tributaries.
11
-------
DoD: Abandoned hazardous waste sites are managed by the Defense
Environmental Restoration Program (DERP); the Defense Priority
Model (DPM) provides a rational, objective means of evaluating the
relative need for action at each identified site; 7 Navy CHESDIV
wastewater treatment plants are conducting biomonitoring to determine
if they are discharging any toxics; all bases have spill prevention
control and countermeasures (SPCC) plans; projects such as the major
oil spill prevention facility completed at Quantico in 1986 are
constructed as required; potential problems are identified during
staff assistance visits and environmental audits; potential impact of
toxics is addressed in the water quality assessment (Tetra Tech)
study. (Many generic and specific recommendations were identified in
the Tetra Tech study, and are currently under evaluation. Potential
actions being considered for one or more locations which would
identify and control toxic discharges include upgrading of oil/Water
separators, instituting surface water monitoring programs and effluent
toxics monitoring programs, upgrading spill prevention control plans
and protection measures, constructing conforming storage facilities;
implementing hazardous materials and hazardous wastes management
plans; testing underground storage tanks for leaks; and conducting
confirmation studies at sites identified by the DERP.)
NQAA: Provides funds for research on processes and effects of toxics through
the NQAA-sponsored Chesapeake Bay Environmental Effects Committee;
collects toxic data (sediment and tissue content) at six locations
in the Bay as part of the National Status and Trends Program; sponsors
additional toxics research through Sea Grant, Coastal Resources
Management and Estuarine Reserve Research Program funding.
FS: Training and certification of pesticide handlers and applicators
provides protection from improper application or inappropriate
chemical releases.
Minimize water pollution incidents
EPA: Agency administered provisions of the Clean Water Act reduce potential
for such incidents.
GS: Provide water quality information for major Bay tributaries and time-
of-travel information for the Potomac, Shenandoah and other selected
rivers.
DOD: Operator Maintenance and Training Assistance Program (OMTAP):
completed and distributed a guidance manual for conducting operator
training assistance at DoD wastewater treatment plants; connections
to municipal sewage systems are being made whenever feasible (e.g. at
Navy Shipyard Portsmouth, Fort Lee, Fort Belvoir); construction of an
advanced wastewater treatment plant (AWT) at Fort Meade; construction
of ship-to-shore sewage collection systems in the Norfolk area;
improvements to industrial waste pretreatment plant, Naval Air Rework
Facility (NARF) Norfolk; potential problems are identified during
staff assistance visits and environmental audits. (Many generic and
specific recommendations were identified in the Tetra Tech study, and
are currently under evaluation. Potential actions being considered
12
-------
for one or more locations are similar to those discussed in the
preceding section.)
CoE: Conduct water pollution studies for Department of Defense identifying
potential pollution sources and practices to reduce pollution from
Chesapeake Bay military facilities.
Manage sewage sludge, dredge spoil, hazardous wastes
EPA: Utilize regulatory authority under Superfund, NEPA, RCRA and the
pretreatment program, NPDES and construction grants provisions of the
Clean water Act.
GS: Provide technical information on types of geological settings and
soils.
DOD: Sludge disposal programs have been or are being established at
seven Navy activities with wastewater treatment plants; application of
sludge to forest lands is being initiated at several activities to
reduce landfill requirements and promote beneficial use of the
sludge; potential actions identified by the Tetra Tech study are being
evaluated, including improvements to wastewater treatment plant
operations and institution of BMP's to prevent migration of
contaminants from sludge lagoons.
NQAA: Conducts reviews of dredge and fill permits; coordinating with COE
on study of beneficial uses of dredge spoil; Office of Ocean and
Coastal Resource Management recently funded a study to investigate
impacts of 6 hazardous waste sites in coastal Virginia.
CoE: Seeks and implements beneficial uses of dredged material in
association with Corps navigation projects (i.e., marsh creation,
shoreline and beach nourishment); conducted pilot study for others
(e.g., D.C. government) on use of sludge for wetland development for
purposes of toxics uptake (tech assistance).
FS: Provide for an exchange of information pertaining to the disposal of
sewage sludge, livestock wastes and qualifying hazardous wastes on
specifically designed forested tracts; assist State water quality
organizations in developing BMPs for establishment of these tracts.
SCS: Provide technical assistance through the local conservation district
in stabilization of dredged spoil.
Manage ground water to protect water quality
EPA: Support pilot monitoring efforts through nonpoint source
implementation grants and national research; integrate Bay efforts
with Pesticides Office work; utilize regulatory authority to reduce
water quality impacts on ground water and the Bay from hazardous
waste sites, point source discharges and specific nonpoint sources.
GS: Provides geologic information, and information on sources, flow,
13
-------
quantity and quality of ground water systems.
DOD: Abandoned hazardous waste sites are managed by the Defense
Environmental Restoration Program (DERP); potential problems are
identified during staff assistance visits and environmental audits;
(Many generic and specific recommendations were identified in the
Tetra Tech report and are currently under evaluation. Potential
actions being considered for one or more locations which would help
protect groundwater quality include additional confirmation study
sampling and testing; implementing control and containment measures
identified in previous confirmation study recommendations; upgrading
spill prevention control plans and protection measures; and testing
underground storage tanks for leaks and removing confirmed leakers.)
CoE: Conducts study of water quality pollution at Department of Defense
installations to be used to implement strategies for surface and
groundwater protection.
SCS: Cooperates with the Agricultural Research Service, GS and universities
in funding ground water studies.
Federal facilities strategy
EPA: Chair Federal Facilities Task Group responsible for development and
implementation of the Strategy and preparation of site plans; through
Region III coordinator and Headquarters Office of Federal Facilities
efforts, provide assistance and guidance to all Federal agencies to
help them to understand and comply with EPA laws, regulations and
guidelines.
FWS: Assessed Bay sites with point and nonpoint source discharges as the
basis for developing FWS site plans.
GS: Only Bay facility is Headquarters at Reston. Determined it does not
have a negative impact on Bay water quality.
DoD: Participate with other members of the Federal Agency Committee in
developing and implementing the Federal Facilities Strategy using
the generic and specific recommendations identified in the Tetra Tech
study as the basis for DoD's input to the Strategy.
NQAA: Reviewed Bay facilities (Oxford and Norfolk) and determined there are
no impacts on Bay water quality from these facilities.
CoE: Developed Corps input to Federal strategy for Corps lands, reservoirs
which drain to Chesapeake Bay.
FS: Technical assistance in all program areas is available for all Federal
sites. Assistance is provided either through the State Forester or
state & private personnel.
SCS: Complete implementation of resource management plan at the SCS
National Plant Materials Center in Beltsville, Maryland and the SCS
Plant Materials Center in Big Flats, NY.
14
-------
Model development
EPA: Coordinate refinement of the Watershed model, development and use of
the hydrodynamic water quality model with its sediment component, and
the development of the time variable model.
GS: Provide water quality and flow information for major Bay tributaries.
DoD: DoD will work with the States as they reevaluate the 40% reduction
target and attempt to implement the most equitable and effective
reductions to point source discharges of nutrients.
NOAA: Funds a long-term research effort on oxygen depletion processes and
the influence of nutrient enrichment; research findings have already
been used in the development of the two-dimensional model.
CoE: Is cost-sharing with EPA ($1.5 million Corps) and is heading technical
effort to develop 3-D time variable hydrodynamic and water quality Bay
model to be used in 1991 to reevaluate 40% target.
SCS: Provide review for NPS loadings in watershed model; develop land use
data for watershed model use.
PUBLIC INFORMATION, EDUCATION, PARTICIPATION
Provide timely information of progress
EPA: Support grant to the Alliance for Chesapeake Bay, Inc. for information
development and dissemination; coordinate development and
distribution of Program reports and public information; provide
updates on regulatory programs; participate in special events.
DoD: The Tetra Tech study provides a detailed description of the current
status of DoD's progress and updates on the status of generic and
specific recommendations made in the study will be provided on a
regular basis; DoD's Chesapeake Bay Communications Plan notes that
DoD can best contribute to the Bay's overall public awareness program
by focusing efforts on communicating the results of the water
quality assessment to elected and regulatory officials, the Bay
scientific community, program managers at all levels within DoD, and
interested members of the general public and internal communications
to enhance the awareness of DoD's employees and their dependents with
Bay clean-up programs; specific information is also available on a
number of DoD's environmental programs; e.g. the Defense Environmental
Restoration Program (DERP), and the Operator Maintenance Training and
Assistance Program (OMTAP).
NCAA: Coordinates with EPA to report on NCAA's Bay activities in the
Chesapeake Bay Program Annual Report.
CoE: Conducts workshops, public meetings, prepares news release on Corps
Bay-related actions and public information documents (brochures,
15
-------
newsletters); participates on CBP subcommittees to represent Corps and
communicate relevance of Corps activities on Bay to Bay community.
FS: Progress reports of individual state and Federal entities comprising
the Chesapeake Bay Forestry Coordinating Committee will be collected
and issued in collected form; individual progress will be reported.
SCS: Addressed in SCS Chesapeake Bay Communication Plan.
Assure continuing public input process
EPA: Support the grant to the Alliance for Chesapeake Bay; establish and
maintain public accountability information supporting public reviews;
support staffing for the Citizens Advisory Committee, Scientific and
Technical Advisory Committee and Local Government Advisory Committee;
establish, fund and develop opportunities for public input through
Alliance grant and regulatory processes.
DoD: Addressed in DoD's Chesapeake Bay Communications Plan.
NQAA: Provides funds to Sea Grant College Programs, Coastal Resource
Management Programs (including the MD Coastal Resources Advisory
Committee), and Estuarine Reserve Research Programs in MD and VA
for public education, advisory services, publications, and outreach
activities.
CoE: Same as above.
SCS: See last entry.
Enhance education opportunities
EPA: Produce and disseminate public information; provide speakers; provide
materials to teachers, teacher trainers and groups; provide exhibits
for public events; support citizens monitoring through grant to
Alliance for Chesapeake Bay.
FWS: Produce public information for various audiences, including children;
provide exhibits; utilize refuge system for education purposes;
produce radio announcements for broadcast over 100 region stations;
coordinate SAV volunteer groundtruthing program.
DoD: Addressed in DoD's Chesapeake Bay Communications Plan.
NOAA: Supports graduate students through Sea Grant projects; supports
educational opportunities through the establishment of Est;uarine
Reserve Research Program in MD and VA; supports educational efforts
in MD and VA through the Coastal Resource Management Programs; runs
a summer class with Michigan State Univ. at the NMFS Oxford Lab.
COE: Participates in Baywide public information activities (C.B.
Appreciation Day) and other promotions displaying Corps activity and
concern on Bay.
16
-------
FS: Provide pesticide and herbicide training for states. Evaluate new
products for safety of application and use; promote wildfire
prevention through ongoing Smokey Bear fire prevention campaign;
providing information on Fire Management in urbanizing areas; develop
or adapt material pertaining to the value of protecting forested
watersheds in the Bay Region for Project Learning Tree; through
participation in ongoing Forest Service Programs, CC will promote fire
prevention and soil and water conservation, develop or adapt material
pertaining to the value of protecting forested watersheds in the Bay
Region for Project Learning Tree.
SCS: See last entry.
Provide curricula field experience to students
EPA: The document, Introduction to an Ecosystem, is used by many schools
throughout the region; Bay Program internships provided.
FWS: Fact sheets series on fish and wildlife and coloring book are used
extensively in schools; developing a Chesapeake Bay curriculum.
NQAAs Funds Sea Grant research assistantships; supports summer students
at the NMFS Oxford Lab; provides access to estuarine reserves for
researchers.
COE: utilizes "stay in school" and summer program for "biological aides" to
Corps environmental programs; many Bay related.
SCS: See last entry.
Produce/disseminate information
EPA: Develop, produce and disseminate public information throughout the Bay
region; fund Alliance for Chesapeake Bay for river basin fact sheets,
publications, releases.
FWS: Develop, produce and disseminate written material such as forest
buffer pamphlet, waterfowl trends report, wetlands atlas, fact sheets
and coloring book.
DoD: Addressed in DoD's Chesapeake Bay Communications Plan; individual
installations will be responsible for disseminating general
information on Chesapeake Bay restoration efforts to their employees
and dependents, relying on existing information which is available
from many sources; OSD's Environmental Policy Office will provide
information on the Tetra Tech study and its follow-up to the Military
Services.
toQAA: Supports the production of Sea Grant periodicals, films, and
technical reports; Estuarine Programs Office produces the quarterly
Estuarine Calendar-Bulletin, proceedings of estuary seminars, annual
estuarine projects catalog, and summaries of NCAA involvement in
estuaries throughout the country; runs NOAA exhibits at regional
17
-------
expositions, symposia, and fairs; funds public information/education
efforts of Maryland and Virginia Coastal Resource Management Programs.
FS: Provide information flow for Federal, state and local units of
government and planning entities, and technical expertise where
appropriate, for the development of stable, protected watersheds and
riparian forests, the establishment of upland forests or forested
filter strip and/or the establishment of forested waste disposal
areas; develop an information base which will enable members of the **
CC, through direct activities, to provide information on the value of
upland forests and/or forested buffer strips to remove agricultural
chemicals or selected hazardous wastes from surface and/or groundwater
reaching the Bay.
State/federal communications plan
All agencies participating in the Bay Program are involved in the development
and implementation of the Baywide Communications Plan.
EPA: Coordinates development and implementation of the Baywide Plan.
FWS: Developing a data base for multi-agency use to coordinate use of
information materials available to the public.
DoD: DoD has provided its input to the Chesapeake Bay Communication Plan.
NOAA: Contributed to the Bay-wide Communication Plan; MD and VA Sea Grant
Programs are coordinating with other Bay agencies.
CoE: Has developed Corps component of Communication plan and is in process
of implementing it to identify publics and utilize various mechanisms
for information dissemination and seeking of inputs from public.
FS: Prepare inputs to respective State and/or Federal Communications
Plans and implement technical data base and information system.
SCS: Provide support and coordinate all program activities through the
state soil conservation committee and local conservation districts.
POPULATION GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT
Provide local government finance & technical assistance
EPA; Support for the Local Government Advisory Committee and its 1988
conference for local government officials; through states, provide
nonpoint source program cost share through conservation districts.
NOAA: Coastal Resources Management Programs in MD and VA, funded by NCAA,
include assistance to local governments' coastal planning efforts.'
CJOE: Conducts studies which demonstrate technologies and solutions
available to solve water resource problems which are comparable with
growth and development and environmentally consistent with Bay needs.
18
-------
FS: Provide assistance to small towns, boroughs or cities through the
Federal Excess Property and Rural Community Fire Protection Programs.
SCS: Provide soil and water resource data for local and state planners.
Ensure government projects meet environmental standards
EPA: Technical staff reviews government sponsored projects under numerous
regulatory programs; coordinate federal facilities planning
activities.
FWS: Technical staff review and recommend actions under various Federal
laws.
NCAA: The States' Coastal Zone Management Plans require that all federally-
funded or federally permitted projects and direct federal activities
must be consistent with requirements of the plans.
COE: implements Corps and Army construction projects in compliance with EPA
standards and in exemplary fashion as model for others; requires
permit applicants to meet environmental requirements for all
construction, dredge and fill activities in Bay navigable waters
including tidal and nontidal wetlands; water quality monitoring of
Corps dredged disposal activities to ensure compliance with pertinent
environmental standards.
SCS: Technical staff review and recommend actions under various Federal
laws.
FS: Serve as clearing house for forestry elements represented in
Environmental Impact Statements developed for Bay Region activities.
Promote techniques to avoid/mitigate adverse impacts of growth
EPA: Through public information techniques, regulatory reviews, conferences
and grants, and use of modeling work to persuade others to reduce the
adverse effects of growth.
NOAA: Coastal Resource Management Programs in MD an VA, funded by NCAA,
include projects to develop and implement mitigation techniques and
have incorporated procedures to review projects with potential impacts
in the Bay area.
CoE: Conducts studies and is implementing demonstration projects of
innovative shoreline protection projects in C.B. to protect vulnerable
shorelines; in implementing regulatory program, works with permit
applicants to arrive at environmentally acceptable plans which
avoid/taitigate impact of activity.
FS: Planning assistance in Urban Forestry, real estate development siting
and recreation development available through ongoing state-federal
programs; Continue to develop fire management techniques for use' by
developers in the Urban/Wildland interface, a cooperative effort of
the United States Fire Administration, the National Fire Protection
19
-------
Association and the Forest Service; transfer data and information
developed in the Urban/Rural Initiative now in pilot stage; selection
of participating towns will be made in the fall and Request for
Proposals To Study has been provided State Foresters.
Strategy for local protection of tidal/nontidal wetlands
EPA: Participate in development of the Wetlands Policy; perform regulatory
reviews; support LGAC and CAC activities; exploring use of created
wetlands as means to reduce nutrient loads.
NQAA: Coastal Resource Management Programs in MD and VA, funded by NQAA,
include projects to assist local governments with updated and
computerized information on tidal and nontidal wetlands.
CoE: In implementing regulatory program, condition permits as necessary to
require applicant to avoid/protect/mitigate against each impacting
on tidal/nontidal wetlands.
FS: Implementation and enforcement of Bay forestry aspects of various
state "set back" or soil and water conservation programs at the state
level; assistance for private, state or federal ownerships.
SCS: Participate in development of the Wetlands Policy; cooperate with the
state soil conservation committee and local conservation districts in
providing technical assistance for creating wetlands as means to
reduce nutrient loads.
PUBLIC ACCESS
Improve Bay access
EPA: Participate in development of commitment documents; publish access
inventory; coordinate federal participation in access inventory.
FWS: Provided information on refuges in Bay region for access inventory and
guide.
DoD: DoD's lands generally have restricted access; efforts to improve
access for DoD's employees and dependents are addressed in individual
installation Natural Resource Management Plans.
NOAA: Coastal Resource Management Programs in MD and VA provide financial
assistance to the states and local governments to improve waterfront
access; Estuarine Reserve Research Program promotes limited access for
school children and researchers.
CoE: Each year, maintains Baywide about 25 Federal navigation projects
(critical to public and commercial access to main Bay and its
tributaries); studies, designs and constructs shoreline erosion and
flood control projects with added features of local access and
recreation in cooperation with local interests.
20
-------
SCS: Provide information on SCS Plant Materials Centers and provide access
as appropriate.
Improve recreational and commercial fishing opportunities
EPA: Utilize regulatory reviews under NEPA and public involvement
procedures to incorporate such opportunities.
FWS: Conducted survey at National Wildlife Refuges regarding public access
for recreational fishing; provided results to states for use in
developing guide.
DoD: Efforts to improve recreational fishing opportunities for DoD's
employees and dependents are addressed in individual installation
Natural Resource Management Plans.
NQAA: National Marine Fisheries Service conducts a national recreational
fisheries survey; Coastal Resource Management Programs in MD and VA
provide assistance for improving public access for many activities
including fishing.
CoE: Conducts Hydrilla management operations in Potomac River consistent
with and enhancing recreation and fishing opportunities; see last
entry.
Secure acreage to protect habitat/sensitive areas
EPA: Through federal facilities plans work to increase protection.
FWS: In federal facilities strategy identified refuges which are losing
valuable habitat to erosion; site specific plans will outlines methods
for reducing erosion.
NQAA: Working very closely with MD and VA to nominate and select sites for
inclusion into the National Estuarine Reserve Research System so that
the system is represented by a range of habitats found in the
Chesapeake Bay area; provides opportunity to the Maryland and Virginia
Coastal Resource Management Programs to apply for funds to purchase
lands or easements for improved public access.
CoE: Has implemented beneficial use of dredged material solutions involving
island creation, marsh creation, beach nourishment to create habitat
at over 75 locations around the Chesapeake Bay.
FS: Use the Urban Forestry Program, in conjunction with Critical Areas
Programs to protect essential wildlife habitat from development for
non-wildlife uses.
Comprehensive guide to access facilities
EPA: Participate in development and dissemination of guide; ensure full
federal, advisory committee and overall public involvement.
FWS: Contributed information on each FWS facility.
21
-------
DoD: All DoD installations with potential recreational waterfront access
will complete inventory access forms which will be compiled by the
Virginia Department of Conservation and Historic Resources (lead agent
for this commitment).
NQAA: Funding development of Bay access guide in Maryland and Virginia
through Coastal Resource Management Programs.
FS: Promote the development of Public Access Inventories for counties in
the Chesapeake Bay Region utilizing methodology developed by
Northeastern Forest Experiment Station. "Preparing Directories to
Local Outdoor Recreation Facilities".
GOVERNANCE
Coordinate Bay management activities/develop accountability mechanisms
EPA: Support through Bay Program and other grants, regulatory authorities,
secretariat and technical support to groups under the Agreement,
publications coordination, data management, modeling, publications
and public involvement; report regulatory compliance.
GS: Participates in Implementation Committee and Technical Subcommittees,
which guide Bay Program technical studies.
NCAA: Approves Maryland and Virginia Coastal Resource Management Plans and
negotiates with states on annual grants; supports the Federal/state
Chesapeake Bay Stock Assessment Committee to coordinate fisheries
stock assessment Baywide.
SCS: Implement an SCS Operational Activities Plan, which provides for a
Board of Directors for the six states with the Maryland State
Conservationist as chairman, to direct and coordinate all SCS program
activities; participate in implementation Committee and subcommittees,
which guide Bay Program activities.
FS: The Chesapeake Bay Forestry Coordinating Committee, consisting of
representatives of State forestry organizations from Delaware,
Maryland, New York, Pennsylvania, Virginia and West Virginia; USDA
Forest Service Regions 8 and 9, and Northeastern Area State & Private
Forestry; and the Chesapeake Bay Foundation, has been formed. A goal
statement and plan of work is being developed.
Track/evaluate activities which impact Bay water quality
EPA: Support monitoring, geographic information system and data
management/analysis for bay Program.
GS: Provides hydrologic data and technical assistance to the Bay Program
community in the form of interpretive studies and water-quality
information.
NQAA: Conducts climatic, hydrodynamic, fisheries, and toxics monitoring
22
-------
and assessment efforts in the Bay; data are periodically transferred
to the CBP.
CoE: Conducts study for DoD which evaluates available monitoring data for
all Bay installations; monitors (i.e., Baltimore Harbor Project)
dredging and disposal activities to understand pre and post dredging
impacts; monitors disposal operations for C&D canal; develops computer
models (3-D Bay model; 2-D model of Hampton Roads) to aid in
prediction of activities on Bay WQ.
SCS: Cooperate with each state soil conservation committee and local
conservation district in tracking and evaluating installation of
BMP's.
Develop coordinated Federal Workplan
EPA: Coordinate development and implementation of workplan.
FWS: Provided workplan for 1989 and described coordination efforts with
states and other agencies.
GS: Participates in Federal Agency Committee of the Chesapeake Bay
Program and provides information on technical activities.
NQAA: Provided sections for the Federal Work Plan; coordinates with
other Federal agencies through the Federal Agency Coordination
Committee.
CoE: Prepares Corps component to Federal Workplan representing all
Chesapeake Bay CoE Districts, including Baltimore, Norfolk and
Philadelphia.
FS: Draft has been developed; missing portions will be incorporated when
completed.
SCS: Participate in Federal Agency Committee of the Chesapeake Bay Program
and provide information on technical activities; provide information
appropriate for the implementation of the Federal workplan.
Develop and implement coordinated Bay research plan
EPA: Support funding for the Scientific & Technical Advisory Committee
(STAC) which develops the plan and process for prioritizing research
for the Bay.
FWS: Working with Maryland on oyster larvae bioassays to determine the
impact of toxic contaminants, and with Maryland, Virginia and the CoE
on submerged aquatic vegetation studies.
GS: Provides technical review of research plans, makes available
information collected by the U. S. Geological Survey.
NQAA: Participated in the development of the plan through STAC membership;
Chesapeake Bay Environmental Effects Committee, CBSAC, Coastal
23
-------
Resource Management Programs, Estuarine Reserve Research Programs, and
the MD and VA Sea Grant College Programs plan to use the research plan
for guidance in setting their 1989 research priorities.
Cooperate with the Agricultural Research Service and identify high
priority research needs and cooperate with the Scientific & Technical
Advisory Committee (STAC) on prioritizing research.
24
-------
UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
INTRODUCTION
Under Section 117 of the 1987 Water Quality Act (WQA), the USEPA was given
statutory authority to coordinate the protection and restoration of the
Chesapeake Bay. The Act calls for the Administrator to "establish and
maintain in the Environmental Protection Agency an office, division or
branch of Chesapeake Bay Programs to —
1. collect and make available, through publications and other appropriate
means, information pertaining to the environmental quality of the
Chesapeake Bay;
2. coordinate Federal and State efforts to improve the water quality
of the Bay;
3. determine the impact of sediment deposition in the Bay and identify
the sources, rates, routes, and distribution patterns of such
sediment deposition, and
4. determine the impact of natural and man-induced environmental
changes on the living resources of the Bay and the relationships
among such changes, with particular emphasis on the impact of
pollutant loadings of nutrients, chlorine, acid precipitation,
dissolved oxygen, and toxic pollutants, including organic chemicals
and heavy metals, and with special attention given to the impact of
such changes on striped bass.
The Act also provided specific authority, in Section 117, for EPA to provide
States with an up to 50 percent match in grants to implement management
mechanisms contained in an interstate plan for the restoration and protection
of the Chesapeake Bay.
In addition, the EPA Administrator signed the 1987 Chesapeake Bay Agreement,
not for the Agency, but for the Federal Government. It is therefore EPA which
is the lead Federal agency coordinating the Federal-State Chesapeake Bay
Program. It is also EPA which is party to memoranda of understanding with
other Federal Agencies who formally join the Federal-State partnership, and
it is EPA who represents the Federal agencies on the Executive Council, the
signatories to the 1987 Agreement. (See Figure 1.)
ORGANIZATION
The EPA Administrator participates in implementing the Chesapeake Bay
Agreement and, in effect, directs the involvement of personnel in the Bay
Program. The Region III Administrator has the delegated authority for the
Chesapeake Bay Program because the geographic area covered is served through
the Philadelphia Region. The Water Management Division administers all water
programs, including the Bay Program.
The Chesapeake Bay Liaison Office (CBLO) in Annapolis, Maryland is a branch of
the water Management Division. Staff members provide administrative,
technical and information support to the groups established to implement the
Agreement (Figure 1).
25
-------
FIGURE 1
ORGANIZATIONAL CHART
UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
CHESAPEAKE BAY PROGRAM
ADMINISTRATOR
I
REGION III ADMINISTRATOR
I
WATER DIVISION
I
CHESAPEAKE BAY LIAISON OFFICE
CHESAPEAKE BAY PROGRAM
ORGANIZATIONAL CHART*
IMPLEMENTATION TECHNICAL ADVISORY
CITIZENS ADVISORY
COMMITTEE
CHESAPEAKE
EXECUTIVE COUNCIL
LOCAL GOVERNMENT
ADVISORY COMMITTEE
PRINCIPALS
STAFF
COMMITTEE
SCIENTIFIC AND
COMMITTEE
COMMITTEE
f
GRIDDLE BOOK
TASK FORCES
SUBCOMMITTEES
FEDERAL
AGENCY
COMMITTEE
LIVING
RESOURCES
NONPOINT
SOURCE
MONITORING
MODELING
DATA
MANAGEMENT
EPA Chesapeake Bay Liaison Office provides support for the Program organizations.
26
-------
PROGRAMS IMPORTANT TO THE BAY
The WQA authorized up to $13 million per year for the Bay Program through
1992. Up to $10 million may be used for grants to the States; the remainder
is to support the CBLO activities which include: all technical and
administrative staff support to the Agreement structure, including support to
advisory committees; development and dissemination of publications; support
for state mainstem monitoring programs; limited research; modeling; data
management and provision for public information and involvement.
The staff of the Annapolis Office perform or ensure secretariat functions
for the Executive Council, Implementation Committee, Federal Agencies
Committee, Living Resources, Monitoring, Modeling, Nonpoint and Data
Management subcommittees and their subgroups, and participate on all task
groups which are responsible for preparation of Agreement Commitment
documents. In addition, the Scientific and Technical Advisory and Citizens
Advisory committees (STAC and CAC) are provided support through grants funded
by the CBLO. Technical and administrative support, coordination of Bay
Program publications and public sector liaison are performed by CBLO staff.
States fund their own tributary monitoring effort, but the CBLO budget
provides a portion of the funding for mainstem monitoring through grants to
the States. Funding is provided to the Fish & Wildlife Service in partial
support of its submerged aquatic vegetation surveys, to the Washington D.C.
Metropolitan Council of Governments and to the Interstate Commission on the
Potomac River Basin for work relating to the Potomac and Anacostia rivers.
Special studies such as those to investigate and determine the levels of
tributyltin in the Bay (1986) and to research the presence of toxic substances
in the microlayer (1988) are also funded through the CBLO.
The data management function, performed under contracts funded through the
CBLO budget, enables the States, Federal agencies and others to coordinate
and analyze research and monitoring data to determine the state of the Bay
and its living resources. The computer center within the CBLO is the central
repository of monitoring data for the region. Using these data and
mathematical models, the Program's capability to predict the results of
pollution reducing actions, population growth and technological improvements
has and will continue to improve.
Through a grant to the Alliance for Chesapeake Bay (formally the Citizens
Program for Chesapeake Bay, Inc.), EPA has supported public information,
education and public participation activities since 1977. Beginning in 1984,
the grant has provided support for the Executive Council's CAC and work to
establish volunteer monitoring programs. The CAC played a significant role
in the development and review of the 1987 Chesapeake Bay Agreement and will
continue to exert strong influence in the implementation of that Agreement.
A grant to the Chesapeake Research Consortium provides support for the STAC's
work, which has included development of important and influential reports in
the areas of nutrient reduction, technology assessment and research.
The CBLO has actively sought to increase the involvement of Federal agencies
in the Bay Program, including the involvement of other EPA programs. EPA
offices of Pesticides Programs and Marine and Estuarine Protection, the
Nonpoint Sources Branch, the Central Regional and Wheeling West Virginia
27
-------
laboratories have detailed staff to the Bay Program to lend their expertise
and to utilize the Bay Program as a resource to develop pilot projects and
policies with the potential for national application.
Grants to the states are funded up to 50 percent and generally support
agricultural nonpoint source control programs, though urban and other
nonpoint sources are also being addressed. Programs are built upon a
combination of technical assistance, research and demonstration, education,
financial incentives and watershed assessments to assure cost-effective
targeting of programs. The states provide funding to farmers through the soil
and water conservation districts to assist them with the installation and
maintenance of best management practices which reduce soil erosion, improve
manure management, and decrease the loadings of nutrients and chemicals to the
Bay and its tributaries. Other EPA programs which contribute to the
achievement of Chesapeake Bay Agreement goals are profiled in Table 2.
TABLE 2
EPA PROGRAMS WHICH HELP ACHIEVE CHESAPEAKE BAY AGREEMENT GOALS
1. The National Pollutants Discharge Elimination System (NPDES)
requires that permits be issued for all municipal, industrial and
federal dischargers (over 5,000). In Region III the states have
been partially delegated permitting authority. EPA receives reports
on the compliance of dischargers with their permit requirements and
has the authority to take action if the States do not fully enforce
their authority. Through NPDES, nutrient and toxic substance
loadings to the Bay and its tributaries are reduced. Region III also
reviews and approves the states' water quality standards which are
used to set permit conditions.
2. The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and
Liability Act (CERCLA - Superfund) gives EPA authority to clean
up or require clean up of uncontrolled hazardous waste sites. Under
it the States are required to track wastes from generation to
disposal. EPA investigates reports of sites, provides short term
measures to protect public health and plans, implements and oversees
clean-up. Cleaning up waste sites which affect the Bay reduces
potential for toxic substances to affect living resources.
3. Nonpoint source pollution is a national concern and major priority
for EPA. Under the WQA Section 205(j)5, states receive grants to
develop Assessment Reports which identify the sources of pollution,
and to prepare management programs to control identified sources.
4. Ground water protection is a growing challenge and is being addressed
in the Region through the ground water program, provisions of the
Drinking Water Act, the Underground Injection Control Program,
Underground Storage Tanks Program, and the Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act (RCRA). In 1987 Region III identified waste sites below
the fall line and those which significantly affect ground or surface
waters feeding the Chesapeake. In 1988 EPA is assuring that sources
to the Bay are addressed and is working with the States on RCRA permit
28
-------
applications for facilities which are land-based, in environmentally
sensitive areas, or which had reported releases. EPA is conducting
a pesticides survey in three Bay counties to determine the amount/type
of pesticides.
5. Wetlands protection through Section 404 of the Clean Water Act
requires permits to be obtained before actions are taken which could
have an adverse impact on the area being considered for development.
Region III staff conduct approximately 1000 Section 404 reviews
annually, more than half have been in the Bay drainage basin.
Enforcement actions are taken in cases where no permit has been issued
for an activity already begun.
6. Water quality planning efforts are financed in Region III through the
Continuing Planning Process which is funded through Clean Water Act
grants under Sections 106 (support for administration of water
quality programs such as NPDES, ground water and monitoring in the
states), 205(g) excess (support to NPDES and nonpoint source
programs) and 205(j) 1 & 5 (support for water quality assessments,
plan development, water quality studies and nonpoint sources). Such
planning can assist the Bay States to develop information to enable
them to set priorities for their pollution control efforts.
7. Municipal wastewater treatment plant construction and upgrading,
operator training, advanced treatment and combined sewer overflow
problem correction are financed in part tinder the Clean Water Act.
8. Under provisions of the National Environmental Policy Aqt (NEPA)
Region III staff review draft Environmental Impact Statements of
federally funded projects within the Bay States.
9. Provisions of the 1978 Pesticides Act (Federal Insecticide, Fungicide
and Rodenticide Act as amended) require registration of all
pesticides sold or distributed in the United States, registration
of all producers and also the keeping of detailed records, including
records of testing. Products are classified for general or restricted
use and are to be used and labeled accordingly. EPA may take specific
actions and impose penalties when the law is violated. EPA also
encourages use of techniques such as Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
within the Bay drainage basin.
10. Enforcement under the Clean Air Act also reduces loadings to the Bay.
Meeting Agreement Commitments
Table 3 (matrix) displays the relationship of EPA activities to the
achievement of Chesapeake Bay Agreement goals.
ESTABLISHING PRIORITIES
The EPA has procedures for priority setting within the Agency. The Chesapeake
Bay Liaison Office develops its budget for the year and submits it to the
Region which reviews it and, in turn, provides its budget to EPA Headquarters.
29
-------
TABLE 3 RELATIONSHIP OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY ACTIVITIES TO AGREEMENT GOALS
LIVING RESOURCES
WATER QUALITY
EPA Functions/Programs
1. Liaison Office
a. State NPS Grants
X
X
X
X
X
b. Monitoring Grants
X
X
"X
& Technical Stall
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
d- Secretariat
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
e. Advisory Committee
f.Modefing
X
g. Data Management
X
h. PUbfic Information
X
L PiMc Involvement
X
j. PiMcalions
X
k.Administration
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
I. Federal CoonflnaMon
X
X
X
X
X
m. noaoawh
X
X
X
X
5«r
n. Information Transfer
X
X
X
X
X
o. EPACrees-Prag. Invotvemt.
X
X
X
2. NPOES Psrmis
X
X
X
3. Wetfands Petmks
X
X
4.NEPA
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
5. Sn*tfund
X
X
6.RCRA
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
aCcnskudkmOmrts
X
X
X
X
8. 106,205j Grants
X
X
10.FFRA
X
X
11. PMMddM Ad
X
X
X
12. TSCA
X
X
13. Ground Wateri
X
14. Water Simply
X
15 AirQutfY
X
X
X
-------
TABLE 3 CONTINUED
GOVERNANCE
I.UatoonOMoa
a. Slate NPS Grants
b. Mantoring Grarte
c. Technical SMI
d. Secretarial
•. Advbay Coamftee
f. Modelng
g. Date Management
h. Pubic Information
LPiMBbwolMmert
). Pifcfcationa
I. Federal Cootdtatfcn
n. MomuMon irannor
a B»A Craw-Prog. kmolwinL
2. NPDCS Pemrito
3. WMandsPennto
A. NEPA
5. Superfund
6.RCRA
7. PMMUMM
8. Carakuctfon Grants
8.106,206} Omnia
10. RFRA
11. Peeflddes Act
12.TSCA
13.GfoundWqten
14. Water Simply
f
POPULATION GROWTH
& DEVELOPMENT
PUBLIC INFORMATION, EDUCATION,
PARTICIPATION
-------
The Office of Management and Budget, the Administration, and the Congress make
the final decisions regarding national priorities and Agency funding.
The Bay Program is unique in one aspect of its funding process because the
Implementation Committee, composed of members from the involved State and
Federal Bay Agreement participants, and advisory committee representatives has
the opportunity to review and change the CBLO budget submittal to EPA. In
addition, the Citizens Advisory Committee as a whole also reviews and comments
on the budget. A subgroup of the Implementation Committee was formed in 1987
to participate in the development and approval of the future budgets.
FUTURE PROGRAMS
EPA's national/Region III programs which relate to the Bay Program will
continue as funding permits, and will continue to focus attention on the
potential of their efforts to achieve the objectives of the Bay Program. The
CBLO will continue to provide support for the infrastructure of the Bay
Agreement (including advisory committees), monitoring, public information/
education and involvement, data management, nonpoint source control programs,
special projects and modeling. Additional efforts will be focused on
evaluating the effectiveness of nonpoint source programs, determining the
extent of the pesticides problem, biomonitoring and modeling. Though nutrient
reduction will continue to be a focus of the Bay Program, there will be
increasing emphasis on assessing the magnitude and sources of the toxic
contaminants problems of the Bay and its living resources, and devising plans
to reduce levels of contamination. Table 4 outlines potential directions
which the EPA Bay efforts may take in the future.
TABLE 4
POTENTIAL EPA ACTIVITIES BELATED TO TOE CHESAPEAKE BAY
1. Refinement of the Watershed Model
2. Financial support, with the Army Corps of Engineers for three dimensional
time variable hydrologic modeling
3. Support to the Alliance for Chesapeake Bay for information/participation
activities for the Bay Program, including staffing for the CAC and
continued citizens monitoring
5. Mainbay water quality and living resource monitoring in cooperation with
the states of Maryland and Virginia
6. Implementation grants to the signatory jurisdictions to support projects
and programs within the interstate Development Plan, particularly
emphasizing nonpoint source agricultural and urban best management
practices
7. Pesticides usage inventory
8. Biomonitoring work with the states
9. Application of the habitat requirements criteria in review and revision of
water quality standards
10. Continued support of the computer center in EPA's Liaison Office in
Annapolis
11. Working with the states to improve nonpoint source targeting through
application of GIS tool to focus on living resource habitat locations
12. Increased integration of the Chesapeake Bay Agreement objectives within
32
-------
the other programs in Region III (including wetlands, Superfund, RCRA,
NPDES permits, ground water)
13. Analysis of living resource data sets
14. Sediment/water column nutrient flux studies
15. Microlayer studies
16. Evaluation of BMP effectiveness
17. Sediment monitoring to provide a toxics data base necessary for
determining toxic risk to indigenous fish and shellfish and the people
consuming them
18. Monitoring the atmospheric deposition of nutrients and toxic contaminants
19. Staff support to the 2020 Panel and Local Government Advisory Committee
20. Support for a Local Government Conference
21. Evaluation and analysis of monitoring data and techniques to enable cost
efficient, cost effective monitoring to support Agreement strategies
22. Support to the Scientific and Technical Advisory Committee and its work
including efforts in the areas of toxics, research plan development and
implementation, technology assessment, evaluation of best management
practices
23. Support for an all-agencies Federal Agencies meeting to facilitate the
development and implementation of federal facilities plans
24. Development and signing of additional memoranda of understanding between
EPA and other Federal agencies
25. Support for Fish & Wildlife Service work in SAV monitoring
26. Support for technical workshops of the Living Resources Subcommittee
27. Publications development and dissemination
28. Technical assistance and coordination with the Department of Defense to
assist installations to develop and implement federal facilities plans
29. EPA staff participation on all Agreement Commitment Task Groups
30. Secretariat support to the Implementation Committee and its subcommittees,
work groups and task forces
31. Conduct annual conferences/Vorkshops to evaluate and update research
priorities
32. Financial support for demonstration projects of engineered wetlands
33. Studies of the chronic effects of low level concentrations of toxic
substances on the supporting food webs of living resources
34. Participation with NQAA on the CBSAC and its Chesapeake Bay Environmental
Effects Committee (Sea Grant funding priority setting)
35. Studies to determine how the Conowingo dam can be managed to improve Bay
water quality
33
-------
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
INTRODUCTION
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), of the Department of Interior, is unique
among government organizations because it has neither regulatory nor
developmental authority — its sole product is technical information which is
made available equally to all interested parties. Through the accomplishment
of its mission, USGS continues to provide technical earth science information
to the nation. The USGS effort encompasses a broad range of scientific
investigations involving hydrology, geology and mapping. Much of the
information is being collected within the drainage boundary of the Chesapeake
Bay. In addition, USGS has a number of technical efforts underway that have
been initiated as a direct result of the Bay Agreements of 1983 and 1987.
ORGANIZATION
The Geological Survey has five divisions: Administrative, Information
Systems, Geologic, National Mapping and Water Resources. The last three
divisions are active in the Chesapeake Bay restoration and protection effort.
The three divisions provide data and the expertise to interpret them.
The Geologic Division (GD) conducts a program of field and laboratory research
on environmental geology, earthquakes, mineral and energy resources,
geochemistry and geophysics, and marine geology. The National Mapping
Division (NMD) prepares topographic and other maps at various scales from
field studies, photographs and other remotely sensed data, and from other
cartographic and geographic sources. The Water Resources Division (WRD) has
principal responsibility within the federal government for providing
hydrologic information and appraising the nation's water resources.
PROGRAMS IMPORTANT TO THE BAY
A major effort of GD, as part of its coastal program, is to collect
seismic-reflection data in Chesapeake Bay. The data are being used to study
the history and evolution of the Bay and will provide information for
management and planning decisions such as those related to waste disposal,
pollution control and clean-up, dredging-spoil disposal, and the sand, gravel
and biological resources of the Bay. GD also continues its work in
delineating the stratigraphy and structure of the Maryland and Virginia
coastal plain deposits. A well-defined geologic framework is critical for a
regional assessment of the quantity of and direction of flow of ground water,
which is an important consideration in the quality of Bay water.
NMD continues its mission of producing and revising map products of all kinds.
In addition to its routine map production, NMD products include digital line
graphs and digital evaluation models of 1:24,000 and 1:100,000 scales. USGS
has been one of the leaders in researching the applications of Geographic
Information Systems (GIS) as it applies to solving earth science problems.
Under an NMD initiative, the Elizabeth River Basin (Norfolk harbor) in
Virginia was chosen as a pilot study area for demonstration of GIS as a tool
for managing and merging different data bases in order to make more informed
35
-------
management decisions. This project, in its third and final year, is a joint
effort of NMD, WRD, and GD. NMD, through its EROS Data Center, in a
cooperative effort with the U.S. Soil Conservation Service, is developing a
State General Soil Geographic Data Base (STATSGO). This is a planned national
effort in which the Chesapeake Bay drainage basin was chosen as the pilot
study. This information, in digital format, will prove useful in making
decisions regarding agricultural best management practices as soil erosion has
been identified as a factor in the decline of water quality of the Bay.
The WRD continues, as part of its mission, to collect hydrologic data,
conduct interpretive hydrologic studies and conduct basic hydrologic research,
much of which is done within the Chesapeake Bay drainage area. This work,
within Bay drainage, is being done in offices in the states of New York,
Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Maryland, Delaware, and Virginia as well as in
the Northeastern Region Research Center in Reston, Virginia.
A great deal of effort by WRD has been committed to evaluating the hydrologic
6ff©cts of implementing agricultural best management practices (BMP),
especially in Pennsylvania and Maryland. These data collection and
interpretive projects evaluate the effects of various type of BMPs such as
no-till farming, contour cropping, terracing and nutrient management on
surface water and ground water. Major constituents being monitored are flow,
nutrients, sediment, metals and in some cases pesticides. Data are being
collected before, during and after implementation of BMPs. Studies are being
done in Conestoga Creek, Pennsylvania (carbonate), small streams in York and
Adams counties, Pennsylvania (non-carbonate), and the Patuxent River, Maryland
(Piedmont and Coastal Plain). It is hoped that transfer value will be
attained by the distribution of the sites by geological province.
The WRD in Maryland is conducting a project to evaluate the effects on ground
water quality from stormwater infiltration ponds. Stormwater infiltration
ponds are used to reduce surface water runoff from urban areas such as
shopping centers and subdivisions. The water is detained in ponds and allowed
to infiltrate into the ground. Three sites have been instrumented to monitor
surface water and ground water as well as the quality of both. Sampling is
being done for a major suite of water quality parameters including nutrients,
metals, and organics. Two sites are at shopping centers, one in the Piedmont
province and one in the coastal plain. In addition, a porous pavement site is
being monitored.
The Pennsylvania District is conducting a project to determine which of the
watersheds within the Susquehanna River Basin contribute what percentages of
water quality loads. Major tributaries are systematically being monitored for
water quality loads during base flow and storm flow events.
The Maryland Office of the Mid-Atlantic District continues to collect water
quality load information at three major tributaries to the Chesapeake Bay:
Susquehanna River at Conowingo, MD., Patuxent River at Bowie, md., and
Choptank River at Greensboro, MD. In addition to the collection and
reporting of this information, USGS is also in the process of developing
better methods for estimating loads of major constituents.
The Northeastern Regional Research Group continues to pursue basic research
efforts in the Potomac Estuary. Research is being conducted in benthic
36
-------
geochemical processes, submerged aquatic macrophytes, microbiological
geochemical models and benthic biological communities.
Meeting Agreement Commitments
The USGS participates in work to achieve many of the commitments of the 1987
Chesapeake Bay Agreement either cooperatively or individually and focuses
attention specifically on those commitments associated with water quality.
The participation is primarily in the form of technical expertise and the
providing of hydrologic information. Table 5 displays the relationship of
USGS work to the Agreement.
ESTABLISHING PRIORITIES
USGS establishes priorities for funding study programs based on national
needs. Examples are the national geologic mapping program and the coastal
program of the GD. Similarly, NMD has a program for developing and updating
map products on a national basis. WRD has national programs such as the
Regional Aquifer Systems Analysis program and the National water Quality
Assessment program (NWQA), among others. These large nationwide programs
cannot be accomplished uniformly at the same time and thus must be done in
segments. This provides the opportunity to select areas for pilot studies
where there is a particular technical need or a major issue at hand. USGS has
picked the Chesapeake Bay drainage or locations within Bay drainage for
several pilot studies since the 1983 Bay Agreement. The previously mentioned
STATSGO and Elizabeth River GIS projects are examples. In addition, the
Delmarva Peninsula has been selected as one of the three pilot studies to
assess ground water quality in the nation.
WRD also has the Federal/State Cooperative Program for funding water
resources interpretive investigation. The program is based on at least a 50
percent financial contribution to the investigation by a state or local
agency. WRD then matches all/part of the state contribution and conducts the
investigation. Funding of these investigations is based on broad national
priorities such as ground water quality, stream quality or wetlands, lakes,
and estuaries. Most of the Chesapeake Bay water quality projects discussed in
the previous sections are funded under this program.
FUTURE PROGRAMS
USGS, in its support of the Chesapeake Bay Restoration effort, will continue
most of the technical efforts mentioned. Most of the projects associated with
collecting and interpreting water quality data are scheduled to continue for
several more years. In addition to ongoing efforts, the Virginia Office of
the Mid-Atlantic District will begin collecting water quality load information
the James and Rappahannock rivers beginning in July 1988.
Che Elizabeth River GIS demonstration project will end in September 1988. It
is planned that the many data bases developed by that project will be
:ransferred to the Chesapeake Bay Program computer in Annapolis, for
:ontinued use by the Bay Program. It is hoped that USGS will continue to be
involved in GIS efforts in Chesapeake Bay. This is, however, totally
37
-------
TRBLE 5 RELATIONSHIP OF ONEIH) SWTES GBOWSKM. SOHSEV MWTTIES TO MKEEMEOT S06IS
u>
CO
WATER QUALITY
LIVING RESOURCES
£
*
Geologic Division
National Mapping Division
/ V
/ »
/
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
-------
TABLE 5 Continued
u
vo
GOVERNANCE
77/,
f/f.
7
7
/
55
&
Gaoiogic Diwcion
Nafanall^wl*"™
VMh Rmoutcm Division
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
-------
USGS plans to pursue more investigations in the role of ground water and how
it affects the Chesapeake Bay from a quantity standpoint as well as a carrier
of water quality contaminants during base flow. Although not initiated
because of the Chesapeake Bay Program, WRD is starting a large, long-term
study of the Appalachian-Piedmont aquifer system. This is part of WRD's
10-year old Regional Aquifer Systems Analysis (RASA) program. A large part of
the Bay's drainage is in the Piedmont province and the increased knowledge of
this complex system would benefit the understanding of how it interacts with
the Bay. WRD would also like to study in more detail the role of the dams and
reservoirs on the lower Susquehanna River as they affect the loads of
suspended sediment into the Bay. USGS programs to carry out its mission
within Chesapeake Bay drainage in fiscal year 1988 total about $11,500,00.
This funding is derived from USGS, State and local agencies, and other Federal
agencies. In addition, about $1,400,000 more will be spent on programs that
are being conducted specifically because of the Chesapeake Bay Restoration
Program.
40
-------
U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE
INTRODUCTION
The United States Fish & Wildlife Service (Service), of the Department of the
Interior, has many responsibilities for the protection and management of the
nation's fish and wildlife and their habitats, water resource planning,
research and monitoring of problems and trends, wildlife refuge development
and management, technical assistance for water and wildlife management
projects, review of permits and licences and determination of environmental
impacts.
ORGANIZATION
The Chesapeake Bay activities of the Fish & Wildlife Service are conducted
mainly by the Annapolis Field Office (Field Office); however, as the next
section describes, numerous other groups within the Service (See Figure 2)
participate in the Bay Program.
PROGRAMS IMPORTANT TO THE BAY
The Service continues its role in the Chesapeake Bay Restoration Program,
which began with the Memorandum of understanding signed in 1984 with the
Environmental Protection Agency and continues under the new 1987 Chesapeake
Bay Agreement. Activities that link directly to the multi-agency program are
carried out by the Annapolis Field Office (Figure 2). In addition the
Service's role in the restoration of striped bass breeding stocks is being
carried out by the Service's fisheries program. Research on Bay flora and
fauna is being conducted at the Patuxent Wildlife Research Center. To meet
the goals and objectives of the Agreement, the Service continues to
concentrate on habitat-oriented measures to conserve and enhance living
resources.
To assist in nonpoint pollution reduction, the Field Office conducted an
assessment of nonpoint source (NPS) pollution and impacts within the Choptank
River. Reports discussing land uses, water quality and living resources
have been completed or will be completed during 1988. Under the point source
objective, the Field Office identified several NPDES regulated point sources
for contaminant assessments and analyses: Indianhead, MD (Navy facility) and
Chesterfield, VA (Power station). Two NPDES sites are under investigation. A
report of these investigations will be completed soon.
The Field Office has committed much of its efforts to Submerged Aquatic
Vegetation (SAV). Submerged aquatic vegetation continues to be recognized as
an important connection between water quality in shallow depths and primary
and secondary productivity and as an important food source for waterfowl.
Efforts are directed at SAV monitoring (with other agencies), research, field
guide development, transplanting, SAV/Sediment relationships, and management.
An important component in the restoration of the Bay is the information
transfer objective, without the support and understanding by the public of
the overall program, efforts to continue funding and extend support will be
41
-------
FIGURE 2 FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE ORGANIZATION CHART
Washington, DC
Headquarters
New England
Regional Office
Boston
National Wildlife
Refuges
Annapolis
Field Office
Fisheries
Program
Patuxent Wildlife
Research Center
Contaminants
Gloucester
Point
Sub-office
Federal
Projects
Chesapeake
Bay
Restoration
Permits
&
Licenses
Endangered
Species
-------
extremely difficult. The Field Office undertook a variety of activities such
as "Fact Sheets" that discussed various species, a Chesapeake Bay story book
featuring "Chessie" for schools and special events, public service
announcements, and others. These activities are intended to inform the
public of the efforts and activities in the restoration of the Bay. Table
6 outlines the budget for Service programs.
An important aspect of the restoration program is the recovery of the fishery
resources of the Bay, especially striped bass. Service personnel are
continuing to assist the striped bass recovery program in Maryland and
Virginia. Over 1.3 million juvenile striped bass raised in state and Federal
hatcheries have been released in the Bay since 1985. The tagging of juvenile
and adult striped bass continued with the release of 800,000 tagged fish in
1987. This tagging effort will assist in identifying the survival rate of
young fish and the movement of adult fish. The Service has an active
research program on migratory birds and contaminants. Table 6 outlines the
budget for Service programs.
TABLE6
U.S. FISH WILDLIFE SERVICE CHESAPEAKE BAY ACTIVITIES
Programs and activities of the Service support a wide range of Bay living
resources including fisheries, waterfowl, wetlands, and submerged aquatic
vegetation.
FY'86 FY'87 FY'88
Core Funded Program $ 980,000 $ 980,000 $ 980,000
Staff (FTE) 8 8 8
Nonpoint Source - $200,000
o Choptank River water quality assessment
o Nutrient dynamics with UM Horn Point
o Choptank 208 Plan review
o Forest Buffer Pamphlet
Point Source - $200,000
o Point Source assessment (Indianhead, Nuodex, Chesterfield,
Hopewell)
o Histopathological examinations
o Oyster larvae bioassay
Resource Trends - $200,000
o sav monitoring and research
o Waterfowl Trends report
o Wetland Atlas/Wetlands Trends
o Wetland Policy
Public Awareness - $100,000
o Fact sheets, Posters, and Brochures
o Educational displays
o Chessie Coloring Books
o Public Service Announcements
o Public School Curricula
Liaison - $230,000
o Field Office Staff involved in various workgroups and serve as chair
on the SAV workgroup and Habitat Requirement workgroup.
Fisheries - $50,000
43
-------
o Cooperative hatchery program on striped bass with Maryland and
Virginia
o Fish Passage
Research - Unknown
o Contaminants on Oldsquaw Creek
o Contaminant impact on SAV
o Canvasback survival, radio telemetry
FWS Facilities - unknown
o Federal Facilities Plan
o Refuge education
o Bay Access
The Service (Field Office) also has regulatory activities that promote Bay
restoration. Approximately $625,000 is devoted to this activity, of which 85
percent ($531,000) is Bay related. Activities such as permit, license and
Federal projects review are conducted. There is also $200,000 for
contaminants work and $100,000 for endangered species investigations.
Meeting Agreement Commitments
The Fish and Wildlife Service participates in many of the commitments
identified in the Chesapeake Bay Agreement either cooperatively or
individually, and focuses attention on commitments directly related to the
restoration of living resources. Through contact with the Fish and Wildlife
facilities in the Chesapeake Bay basin, the Field Office participates in the
coordination and development of a Federal Facilities Plan and provides
information on Fish and Wildlife Service facilities that have access to the
Bay. involvement in the overall Agreement infrastructure is extensive as the
Service is represented on almost all committees, subcommittees, work groups
and task groups developing responses to the commitments made by the
signatories in December 1987. Table 7 displays the relationship of Fish &
Wildlife programs to the achievement of Chesapeake Bay Agreement goals.
ESTABLISHING PRIORITIES
The Fish and Wildlife Service has management procedures to establish
priorities. These procedures follow well defined lines of communication from
the Field Office through the Regional Office and finally to the Washinqton
Office. Specific activities related to the Chesapeake Bay and associated
funding levels are identified through discussions at all these levels and the
budget goes through approval sequences within the Service, Department of
Interior, Office of Management & Budget, and Congress (Figure 3).
FUTURE PROGRAMS
The Service, based on the effort expended under the nonpoint source oollution
objective in the Choptank River Watershed, will encourage better
throughout the Bay in support of water quality. The Field Office ^Lc
that land use is an important aspect in the quality of water that III
Bay. A stronger focus will be directed towards use of streamside forests
wetlands and submerged aquatic vegetation as direct approaches
water quality for living resources. The Field office Slf wrsue t-ff
opportunities to develop training for agricultural personnel. Interest in
44
-------
TABLE .1 RELATIONSHIP CF FISH & WHJ3LIFE SERVICE ACTIVITIES TO AGREEMENT GOALS
LIVING RESOURCES
/////.//
WATER QUALITY
//./////
*-
U<
W
a
///
&
Chapter* ffev water qutfty
Chapter* 208 Ptenravimr.
FMMtBnbrpflinpNit
Pott Source AsMMnwnts
MBpnongnwiiMwnni
OjfilvlMbioMMjr
SAV mortaring and rooaerch
***-¦ -* * ~~ - -
imhiori ironix rapon
IMLw
HMmnKlf
Fact rtestc and Potter-Brochure
f1trfftfkip faftoKi
Pubic SarriGaAmouneamanls
«*--«-¦- «*-« --« ' »
ruoac scnooi cumaaa
Communication plan
| l.tnfc rial ¦> lt» 1 I *-— — —
naicnary program striped bass
Ffehpaaaaga
ContanfoMfe in otdaquaw
Oowlaninant Impact an SAV
Carwobackwrvjval
Mug* education
BytoBM
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
w
fi
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
iK
X
X
X
*
X
**
X
X
X
X
-------
TABLE 7 Continued
*
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
5*
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
-------
PHASES OF THE BUDGET PROCESS
10/87 1/88 4/88 7/88 10/88 1/89 4/89 7/89 10/89 1/90
1988 BUDGET
1989 BUDGET
1990 BUDGET
1991 BUDGET
m
|[TTTT]1 CONGRESSIONAL ACTION
I I • President's Budget Presented to Congress
II1111II • Agency Presentation to Appropriation Sub-Co/nm>Hee$
• Congressional Enactment of Appropriations
~ BUDGET EXECUTION
• Apportionment and Allotment of Funds
• Deferral or Recission Messages
• President's Sequestration Order
• Reports onProgram/Financial Performance
• Reports of Anti-deficiency Act Violations
BUDGET FORMULATION
• Agency Budgets Prepared
• OMB Circular A -11 Issued
• OMB Review of Agency Budget
• OMB Recommendations to President
• Agency Revisions to Budget Request
111 AUDIT AND REVIEW
• Agency Evaluation of Programs and Finances
• Inspector General Investigations of Departmental Operations
• GAO Conducts Audits; Prepares Reports
-------
wetlands will also be directed to improving water quality and the living
resources that use the wetland habitat around the Bay.
The Field Office will continue to focus efforts on SAV, waterfowl, nutrient
reduction, contaminant assessment, and striped bass production. Field Office
effort will continue to inform the public and schools through "Fact Sheets"
and other instructive material for schools. The funding level is expected to
remain at the current level. Activities will be adjusted as funding levels
change. Planned activity relative to striped bass will be a continuation of
tagging hatchery reared fish for at least two years. The tagging of coastal
adult striped bass will continue indefinitely to obtain fishing mortality
rates and a better understanding of the migratory routes of the Chesapeake Bay
striped bass. Table 8 lists areas of potential future activities which may
be undertaken by the Service in the Chesapeake Bay watershed.
TABLE 8
POTENTIAL FISH & WILDLIFE ACTIVITIES RELATED TO THE CHESAPEAKE BAY AGREEMENT
1. Promote the restoration and protection of living resources.
2. Establish separate watershed strategies linking specific water quality
criteria to SAV production.
3. Set up a permanently funded multi-agency program to monitor SAV.
4. Investigate unknown aspects of the life history of SAV.
5. Promote use of forested buffer strips through education and incentives.
6. Develop minimum sampling strategy for tributary water quality assessment.
7. Develop and encourage suitable structures for anadromous fish passage.
8. Contribute to the development and implementation of the toxic control
strategy aimed at living resources' needs.
9. Investigate priority fish and wildlife areas for biomonitoring for toxic
impacts.
10. Expand fish and wildlife research role in the Bay (waterfowl, toxics and
wetlands).
11. Include Bay restoration measures in management plans for military
installations.
12. Establish adequate contaminant standards to protect fish and wildlife
resources.
13. Establish an on-going data base for Baywide waterfowl trends.
14. Promote strong protection for non-tidal wetlands.
15. Enhance public education about living resources through innovative
techniques.
48
-------
USDA SOIL CONSERVATION SERVICE
INTRODUCTION
The Soil Conservation Service (SCS) is the technical arm of the U.S.
Department of Agriculture (USDA) which plans and carries out a national
program to protect and develop the soil, water, plant, and related natural
resources on privately owned lands. The SCS gives technical and financial
help on request to individuals, groups, organizations and units of government
to aid them in using natural resources according to their capabilities and
needs. All SCS programs are in cooperation with appropriate state
conservation committees or commissions and local conservation districts.
ORGANIZATION
The State Conservationist, under the direction of the Chief of SCS, manages
and administers the SCS programs through a line and staff organization. The
District Conservationist (DC) is the line officer responsible for providing
technical assistance at the field level for conservation districts. SCS staff
available to the DC may include soil conservationists, soil scientists,
economists, engineers, agronomists, biologists, foresters, plant materials
specialists, geologists, hydrologists, and resource planning specialists.
PROGRAMS IMPORTANT TO THE BAY
Activities of SCS in six states and the District of Columbia affect the
Chesapeake Bay through erosion control, water and nutrient management
programs. (See SCS Activities Map, Figure 4.) The six states are Delaware,
Maryland, New York, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and West Virginia. In concert
with the signing of the Memorandum of Understanding between SCS and the
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in November 1984, resources for
accelerated activities have been provided to Maryland, Pennsylvania, and
Virginia. Thirty-one positions and $1,140,000 are allocated to SCS State
Conservationists as follows: Maryland 13 positions and $470,000; Pennsylvania
13 positions and $490,000; and Virginia 5 positions and $180,000. In addition
to accelerated resources for the Chesapeake Bay Program, SCS obligated the
following for ongoing programs in direct support.of water qualityactivities
in the six states and the District of Columbia which benefit the Chesapeake
Bay watershed:
Fiscal Vear Staff Years !S!dLA
1984 1^9 $9,259,600
tg« 189 $14,730,600
Tq86 215 $17,785,000
1987 187 $9,410,000
1988 (allocated) 205 $12,500,000
The first priority clientele are farmers participating in the Food Security
Act of 1985. Fanners are provided individual assistance in developing and
applying soil and water conservation plans for their farms on highly erodible
lands. These plans may contain nutrient management systems when livestock or
poultry are part of the farm operation.
49
-------
SOIL CONSERVATION SERVICE
ACTIVITIES
OF THE
CHESAPEAKE BAY AREA
LEGEND
WATERSHEDS
AUTHORIZED FOR PLANNING
AUTHORIZED FOR CONSTRUCTION
CONSTRUCTION COMPLETED
PL S.14 AUTHORIZED FOR CONSTRUCTION
BingnarTwon
OTHER PROGRAMS
RURAL CLEAN WATER PROGRAM f*CWP
RESOURCE CONSERVATION AND DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS (RC 4 D
RURAL ABANDONED MINE PROGRAM RAMP
TARGETED AREAS
WATERSHED KEY
'•SSS
LOCATION MAP
\rr W' JSk
•x/
RC & D LOCATION WAP
RAMP (Stale Wide TotiH as of 12 il. 46
/
MARYLAND i 3 Sites Completed 1 2 Acres
PENNSYLVANIA 124 S.tes Completed 1 410 Acre-.
VIRGINIA i Site Completed. 26 Acres
(VEST VIRGINIA 24 Completed. 16/ A
RC.'WP
i..onestc«.'i He^dwuiers
B Dou&K- Plov C'ce
C Namenwid Mrl CfiuckeUick
SHIN
Alexandria
P'epjred and produced-by SCS Net**
CartographicCenter FoM Worth, Te
Hampton
rt News
.Virginia Beach
USDASCS NATIONAL CARTOGRAPHIC CENTER. FT WORTH TX l#«7
50
-------
The Soil Conservation Service recognises its responsibility in working with
users of the land to reduce soil erosion, surface water runoff, sedimentation
and ground water contamination. It further recognizes that no one agency can
do the job alone and desires to work cooperatively whenever and wherever the
opportunity exists.
Accelerated technical assistance during fiscal year 1987 in the States of
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Virginia provided an estimated reduction of 15 4
million pounds of nitrogen and 3.1 million pounds of phosphorus from enterinq
the Bay annually. Other assistance included planting of grasses from the SCS
Plant Materials Centers to demonstrate shoreline erosion control, dune
stabilization, and for other critical area plantings} cooperating with U S
Geological Survey in the development of a Geographic Information System (GIS)-
cooperating with other federal and state agencies, universities, and
environmental organizations in developing informational material and exhibits
to promote reduction of nonpoint source pollution. Further SCS is
cooperating with other agencies by providing full-time liaison for the
Chesapeake Bay, a resource conservationist detailed to the Liaison Office to
assist EPA with the review, update, and use of the Computer Model, and
numerous details to state agencies in Virginia, Pennsylvania, and Maryland
Sharing of technical expertise benefits activities such as implementation of
state cost-share programs, demonstration watershed programs, trainina state
and local conservation district technical staff, and developing standards,
specifications, and program guidelines.
Meeting Agreement Canmitments
The SCS participates in many of the Chesapeake Bay Agreement commitments at
the Chesapeake Bay Liaison Office and within the states with the appropriate
agencies and organizations. SCS, the technical assistance arm of USDA, is
committed to being an active partner in the Chesapeake Bay Program. The
elements of the Chesapeake Bay Agreement favorably impacted by SCS programs
Sif6 dS EOXXOWS*
LIVING RESOURCES:
-Erosion and Sedimentation Reduction
-Protection and Restoration of Wetlands
WATER QUALITY:
"ground water** °f N°np°int Source Loads for protection of surface and
-Reduce Levels of Toxic Discharges from Agricultural Lands
PUBLIC INFORMATION, EDUCATION, PARTICIPATION:
-Provide Timely Information on Progress
-Assure Continuing Public Input to Process
-Produce and Disseminate Information
-State/Federal Communication Plan
POPULATION GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT:
-Provide Local Government Technical Information on Soil and Water
51
-------
PUBLIC ACCESS:
-Provide Technical Assistance through the Resource Conservation and
Development Program
GOVERNANCE:
-Coordinate Bay Management Activities
-Track and Evaluate Activities which Impact Bay Water Quality
-Develop Coordinated Federal Work Plan
ESTABLISHING PRIORITIES
SCS has procedures to establish priorities within each state and with each
conservation district through memoranda of understanding. The State
Conservationist has responsibility for coordinating, as appropriate within
the state, all USDA and SCS policies. Effective October 1, 1988, the
operations responsibility for all SCS Chesapeake Bay protection and
restoration activities will be assigned to State Conservationists. A
"Charter" was established by six Bay State Conservationists, the Northeast
Assistant Chief, and the Deputy Chief for Programs to create a "Board of
Directors" initially consisting of the State Conservationists of Maryland,
Pennsylvania and Virginia, to accelerate SCS Chesapeake Bay Program
operations. The Deputy Chief for Programs will establish staff leadership
and coordination to those broader responsibilities of national liaison with
EPA and other Federal agencies concerning the Chesapeake Bay Program.
FUTURE PROGRAMS
The Food Security Act of 1985 has added a number of new initiatives that
contribute significantly to the Bay cleanup effort. These include the
Conservation Reserve Program, Conservation Compliance on highly erodible
soils, and Wetland Provisions. By 1995, all farming on highly erodible lands
will have to be in accordance with approved conservation plans if the farmer
is to be eligible for the benefits of other USDA price support, farm loan,
crop insurance, and disaster payment programs.
It is significant to note that all planned work is in cooperation with the
appropriate state conservation committee or commission and the local
conservation district. Therefore, the approach taken by SCS incorporates
priorities of each respective state in the Chesapeake Bay basin.
One of the unique aspects of SCS is its array of programs and the cooperation
with other agencies that compliments the efforts of the Chesapeake Bay
cleanup. SCS assists in developing conservation plans for implementing
Resource Management Systems (RMS). These systems include numerous
conservation practices (BMPs), under programs such as the Agricultural
Conservation Program (ACP), Rural Clean Water Program (RCWP), Clean Lakes
Program, Resource Conservation and Development Program (RC&D), Rural
Abandoned Mine Program (RAMP), Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention
Program (PL-566), and the state's Agricultural Cost-Share Program.
52
-------
UNITED STATES ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS
INTRODUCTION
The Corps of Engineers (CoE) is the Federal government's largest water
resources development agency. It has both civil and military support
functions which relate to Chesapeake Bay restoration and protection
activities. Under the Civil Works Program, the Corps is responsible for:
a. Investigating, developing and maintaining the nation's water and
related land resources;
b. Constructing and operating navigation projects;
c! Flood control and major drainage;
d. Streambank erosion protection;
e. Shore and beach restoration and protection;
f. Hurricane protection;
g. Hydroelectric power production;
h. Water supply;
i. Water quality control;
j. Fish and wildlife conservation and enhancement;
k. Outdoor recreation;
1. Emergency response activities associated with natural disasters;
m. Administering laws for the protection and preservation of navigable
waters;
n. Conducting research and development related to Civil Works planning,
design, construction, operation and maintenance and regulatory
activities, and, for the Military program,
o. Acquiring, managing and disposing real estate for Civil Works
activities;
p. Engineering and construction support for the EPA Superfund Toxic Waste
Clean-up Program;
q. Construction support for the EPA Wastewater Grants Program, and for
the Military Program (1) construction of military facilities, (2)
preparation of engineering studies, plans and designs, and (3)
acquiring, managing and disposing of military real estate.
ORGANIZATION
The Chief of Engineers, under the direction and supervision of the Secretary
of the Army, manages and administers the CoE Civil Works Program. The Corps
Program as it affects the Bay involves three districts: Baltimore, Norfolk and
Philadelphia which are under the jurisdiction of the Division Commander, North
Atlantic Division in New York City. Figure 5 is an organization Chart.
Figure 6 shows the District and Division boundaries.
53
-------
FIGURE 5
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Organizational Structure
j/i/jtfti r
^Baltimore
t District
tittitut
New York
Di stri ct
ft Norfolk
f, District
Headquarters,
U.S. Army Corps
of Engineers
(HQUSACE)
North
Atlantic
Division
Corps District
on
Chesapeake Bay
54
-------
FIGURE 6
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Boundaries on
the Chesapeake Bay
3C
77*00
CHESAPEAKE BAY
REGION
VMSHINGTCM
TlMORE -
Philadel phi a
District
Baltimore Wg&ft
District
>. ¦ y* ") ynJSSK
-ST. JLffid Offers?
i-ui£Ssv"-
- • fc?Ci Si Vi-»
k -E>\ 5,.. • \\s'i A t
-------
PROGRAMS IMPORTANT TO THE BAY
The Corps Districts execute several programs which contain specific elements
oriented toward Bay restoration and protection.
Planning: The Planning Program primarily involves the undertaking of site
specific and comprehensive water resources studies. Typical studies include
those concerning shoreline protection, tidal flooding/ water supply, water
quality, recreation, navigation, hydroelectric power, submerged aquatic
vegetation, and floodplain management. Physical and mathematical modeling, as
well as environmental support to military installations are also accomplished
as part of the Planning Program.
Operations: The Operations Program includes operation and maintenance of all
federally maintained flood control and navigation projects, administration of
all dredging and river and harbor construction work, and regulatory
activities affecting waters of the United States, including navigable waters.
Real Estate: These activities include acquisition or disposal of properties
for the civil and military program; management of Government owned lands and
facilities, and development of plans and studies concerning use or disposal
of government real estate for public use.
Public Affairs: The Corps' Public Affairs Offices disseminate information
about the Corps' programs and projects to area news media and the public. A
coordinated Corps communications plan for the Bay Districts was prepared in
fulfillment of the 1987 Bay Agreement requirement.
Engineering and Construction: Design and construction of civil works and
military (Department of Army) projects are major responsibilities of the
Corps. The Corps coordinates with EPA to ensure compliance with federal
regulations.
Research and Development: Operating Districts can request consulting services
for support of their civil and military functions from Corps laboratories
which conduct engineering and scientific investigation and studies For
example, the U.S. Army Waterways Experiment Station is developing the 3-D time
variable model of Chesapeake Bay.
Washington Aqueduct Division: This Division is responsible for the collection
purification and distribution of potable water to over 1,000,000 consumers in
the District of Columbia, Northern Virginia and to various government
installations.
A number of specific studies and activities are being conducted A broad
range of activities are underway which benefit the Bay. They are detailed in
Table 9.
56
-------
TABLE 9
U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS
CHESAPEAKE BAY PROGRAM - SPECIFIC ACTIVITIES
(Existing)
PLANNING
Item I:
Lead District:
Participating District:
Scope:
Brief Description:
Funding or Activity Level:
Initiated:
Scheduled for Completion:
Major Contribution:
Remarks:
Chesapeake Bay 3-D Model
Baltimore
Norfolk, Philadelphia
n/a
Development of numerical 3-D time variable
hydrodynamic and water quality model of
Chesapeake Bay to be used as predictive tool for
Bay decision makers.
$3.2 million
Sep 1987
Mar 1991
Tool to evaluate 40* reduction of nutrients to
the Bay in Dec 1991.
Cost shared - Corps-$1.5 million
EPA-$1.7 million
Item 2:
Lead District:
Participating District:
Scope:
Brief Description:
Funding or Activity Level:
Initiated:
Scheduled for Completion:
Major Contribution:
Remarks:
Item 3:
Lead District:
Participating District:
Scope:
Brief Description:
Funding or Activity Level:
Initiated:
Scheduled for Completion:
Chesapeake Bay & Tributaries Reallocation Study
Baltimore
n/a
Reconnaissance Study
Review of existing and potential reservoirs and
their ability to meet water resources needs
including freshwater Inflows to the Chesapeake
Bay.
$453,000
Dec 1965
Dec 1988
Maintain freshwater flow regimes for estuarlne
habitats and wildlife.
Continuation to feasibility phase or expanded
study requires additional non-Corps funding.
rhesapgake Bav Shoreline Protection Study
Baltimore
Norfolk
Feasibility Study
Evaluation of potential for Federal shoreline
protection and erosion control projects.
Includes construction and monitoring of
innovative shore protection field modeling
sites.
$3.47 million
Oct 1984
Nov 1990
57
-------
Major Contribution:
Remarks:
Conserve soil resources and reduce erosion and
sedimentation to protect Bay habitats.
Protects, enhances, restores physical systems
important to water quality and habitat. Loss of
public lands and public access. Reduces
non-point pollution.
Cost shared - Corps-$2.47 million
MD, VA-$1.485 million
Item 4:
Lead District:
Participating District:
Scope:
Brief Description:
Funding or Activity Level:
Initiated:
Scheduled for Completion:
Major Contribution:
Remarks:
Item 5:
Lead District:
Participating District:
Scope:
Brief Description:
Funding or Activity Level:
Initiated:
Scheduled for Completion:
Major Contribution:
Remarks:
Floodplain Management Services
Baltimore, Norfolk, Philadelphia
n/a
n/a
The Corps is authorized by Section 206 of the
1960 Flood Control Act to provide information,
technical assistance, and guidance upon request
to identify flood hazards and to plan wise use
of the floodplain. Each District exercises to
fullest extent implementation of Executive
Orders 11988 and 11990 during planning studies
to reduce and minimize development in flood
plains and wetland areas,
n/a
Annual Program
n/a
Protection, enhancement, and restoration of wet-
lands. Plans for and manages the adverse
environmental effects of human growth and land
development in the Chesapeake Bay watershed,
none
Potomac River Dredged Material ni8POflai
Baltimore
n/a
In-house Reconnaissance
Examination of upland/open water and beneficial
use disposal options for dredged material from
the Federally authorized channel
$38,000
Feb 1988
Sep 1988
Sf pr°tectl°n °< "vinj resource,
and their habitats.
none
Item 6:
Lead District:
Participating District:
Scope:
Brief Description:
Water Quality Assessment
Baltimore
n/a
Assessment
Identification and evaluation of DoD installations
on Chesapeake Bay to determine levels of adverse
impacts on water quality. Recommendations
provided for improvements to enhance Bay water
quality conditions.
58
-------
Funding or Activity Level:
Initiated:
Scheduled for Completion:
Major Contribution:
Remarks:
Item 7:
Lead District:
Participating District:
Scope:
Brief Description:
Funding or Activity Level:
Initiated:
Scheduled for Completion:
Major Contribution:
Remarks:
Item 8:
Lead District:
Participating Districts
Scope:
Brief Description:
Funding or Activity Level:
Initiated:
Scheduled for Completion:
Major Contribution:
Remarksi
Item 9i
Lead Districts:
Participating District:
Scope:
Brief Description:
$735,000
Aug 1985
Nov 1987 (Completed)
Identification and potential control of hazardous
wastes and toxic discharges to Bay. Provides
base information for DoD to take subsequent
remedial actions to reduce adverse impacts on Bay
living resources and water quality.
Study was undertaken by the Baltimore District
for the Department of Defense. Entirely funded
by DoD.
Wetland Development/Demonstration for Potomac/
Anacostla Rivers
Baltimore
n/a
Technical Assistance
Develop plan for demonstration projects for
wetlands creation for the purpose of toxics
uptake and fisheries enhancement.
$15,000
Jun 1987
Jul 1988
Advances knowledge on methods for toxics
mitigation and wetland, habitat, and water
quality improvement.
Conducted for District of Columbia under Section
22 - Planning Assistance to the States Program
Study of Rock Creek Anadromous Fish Passage
Baltimore
n/a
Technical Assistance
Study will develop strategies to assist anadro-
mous fish in overcoming blockages in Rock Creek
(District of Columbia) during low flow periods.
Results will be used by DC to support a request
for project funding.
$20,000 (estimated)
Apr 1988
Sep 1988
Contributes directly to fish passage commitment
and commercial species goals in Agreement.
Conducted under Section 22 - Planning Assistance
to the States Program
Authorities Program (small
Baltimore, Norfolk, Philadelphia
n/a
Planning etudies, design, and construction
Program providee Corps with authority to develop
and construct small projects needed for flood
control, navigation, streambank erosion, beach
erosion, and shoreline protection. Must meet
specific Corps eligibility criteria. Initial
request must come from non-Federal intereet.
59
-------
Funding or Activity Level:
Initiated:
Scheduled for Completion:
Major Contribution:
Remarks:
Funding limits range from $500,000 to $5
million.
Ongoing
Ongoing
Conserves soil resources and reduced sedimen-
tation. Reduction in the loss of public lands
and enhanced public assess. Reduces non-point
pollution,
n/a
OPERATIONS
Item 1:
Lead District:
Participating District:
Scope:
Brief Description:
Funding or Activity Level:
Initiated:
Scheduled for Completion:
Major Contribution:
Remarks:
Item 2:
Lead District:
Participating District:
Scope:
Brief Description:
Funding or Activity Level:
Initiated:
Scheduled for Completion:
Potomac Pr and Tributaries Hvdrllla Management
Baltimore
n/a
Annual Program
Management and control of hydrilla and other SAV
in the Potomac River above Rt. 301 bridge for
the purposes of access and navigation. Methods
of control enhance recreation opportunities.
Annual SAV aerial surveys and mapping conducted
for monitoring purposes,
n/a
Summer 1985
Ongoing
Manages SAV. Improves opportunities for
recreational and commercial fishing. Improves
and maintains access to main stem Potomac River
and Chesapeake Bay. Supportive of Chesapeake
Bay environmental monitoring.
Cost shared Corps/Virginia/Maryland/District of
Columbia
Regulatory Program
Baltimore, Norfolk, Philadelphia
n/a
Annual Program
Corps permit program regulates, by Federal law,
activities in navigable waters including tidal
and non-tidal wetlands. As part of this
activity, periodic aerial photography of the Bay
shoreline is undertaken for wetland and SAV
identification.
In 1987, Norfolk processed over 2,000 and
Baltimore 3,000 applications for work in
waterways and adjacent wetlands. Over $3.5
billion worth of projects were evaluated in the
Baltimore District alone.
Ongoing
Ongoing
60
-------
Major Contribution:
Remarks :
Regulation and protection of wetlands and their
living resources. Regulation of development in
Bay non-tidal and tidal wetlands. Regulation of
tidal wetlands which serve important role in
preserving Bay water quality. Monitoring
distribution and abundance of SAV. Public
knowledge of importance of wetlands increased
through over 5,000 pre-application site visits
in 1987 alone.
Aerial photography work coordinated jointly with
VIMS, MdDNR, USEPA, USFVS, and NOAA (1984-86).
Item 3 s
Lead District:
Participating Districts
Scope:
Brief Description:
Funding or Activity Levels
Initiated:
Scheduled for Completion:
Major Contribution:
Remarks:
Item 4:
Lead District:
Participating Districts
Scope(
Brief Description:
Funding or Activity Level:
Initiated)
Scheduled for Completion:
Major Contribution:
Navigation
Baltimore, Norfolk, Philadelphia
n/a
Annual Program
Each year approximately 25 navigation projects
are maintained to authorized channel dimensions.
These waterways are critical to allow public and
commercial access to the Chesapeake Bay and its
resources.
Variable
Ongoing
Ongoing
Public access for commercial and recreational
opportunities via channels. Land/water access
in most cases required of local sponsors in form
of public docking facilities.
For most projects, local sponsors are responsible
for Identifying disposal sites for dredged
material. Approximately 175 projects are
authorized for Federal navigation in the Bay and
its tributaries.
Beneficial Uses of Dredged Material
Baltimore, Norfolk, Philadelphia
n/a
Annual Program.
During the first level of review of dredged
material disposal options for Corps navigation
projects, beneficial uses are given first option
and are implemented if economically viable. The
dredging programs have created wetlands, least
tern habitat, improved oyster grounds, SAV beds,
beach/dune nourishment, sanitary landfill
covering, end replenishment of the littoral
zone. Over 75 projects involving beneficial
uses have been implemented around the Bay.
Variable
Ongoing
Ongoing
Protects, enhances and restores wetlands.
Restoration of living resources and their
habitats. Conserves soil resources and reducee
erosion and sedimentation to protect Bay
habitats.
61
-------
Remarks:
Item 5:
Lead District:
Participating District:
Scope:
Brief Description:
Funding or Activity Levels
Initiated:
Scheduled for Completion:
Major Contribution:
Remarks •.
Department of Army has MOA with NOAA National
Marine Fisheries Service regarding beneficial
uses of dredged material for fishery resources.
Chesapeake and Delaware Canal Maintenance and
Disposal Monitoring
Philadelphia
n/a
Annual Activity
Most of material dredged from Canal's western
approach channel is placed in Chesapeake Bay open
water disposal areas. Environmental windows for
disposal are utilized in coordination with state,
Federal agencies, and public. Effects of open
water disposal are jointly monitored by the State
of Maryland and the Philadelphia District.
Annual
Ongoing
Ongoing
The navigation project provides access for
recreation and commerce. Digested sewage sludge
was utilized in stabilization of upland disposal
areas in Delaware along the Canal proper to
encourage vegetative growth and reduce erosion.
Erosion in Canal is also controlled through bank
stabilization structures thus contributing to water
quality improvement.
Hone
PUBLIC INFORMATION
r^aaflpoafee Bav Federal Communications Plan
Baltimore
Norfolk, Philadelphia
n/a
Development of Corps of Engineers Communication
Plan to be integrated into Bay-wide
communication plan for all Federal and state
agencies. Plan to include specific target dates
for execution of public involvement activities.
liluuU' ACUV"y UV*1' "** 1988
Scheduled for^Coopl.tlori pr0Bot„ uiutoritandlng of F.d.r.l
activities on Bay and provides increased oppor-
tunities for citizen participation.
. , None
Remarks.
Item I:
Lead District:
Participating District:
Scope s
Brief Description:
62
-------
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Item 1;
Lead District'.
Participating District:
Scopes
Brief Description:
Funding or Activity Level:
Initiated:
Scheduled for Completion:
Major Contribution:
Remarks:
Item J:
Lead District:
Participating District:
Scope:
Brief Description:
Funding or Activity Level:
Initiated:
Scheduled for Completion:
Major Contribution:
Remarks:
Dredged Material Research Program (DMRP)
Baltimore, Norfolk., Philadelphia
Lead District requests and funds the Corps
Waterways Experiment Station (WES) to conduct
research on an as needed basis.
Variable
Research expertise from WES DMRP are used as
necessary in selecting and managing disposal
areas and assessing and testing for contaminants
at Corps disposal sites. Research is encouraged
and funded by CorpB Bay Districts.
Variable
n/a
n/a
Research undertaken under this program is
consistent and contributes technical and
scientific information necessary to support
management decisions regarding water quality and
living resources.
None
Dredging Operations Technical Support Program
(DOTS)
Baltimore, Norfolk, Philadelphia
Lead District requests WES to conduct research on
an as needed basis.
Variable
The WES can provide to the Corps or other state
and Federal agencies (only at District's
request) its expertise including on-site visits
up to one week. The Corps has used the program
in Chesapeake Bay to evaluate alternate
breakwater designs and various beneficial use
demonstrations.
Variable
n/a
n/a
Research undertaken under this program it
consistent with and contributes technical and
scientific Information necessary to support
management decisions regarding water quality and
living resources.
None
63
-------
Item 3:
Lead District:
Participating District:
Scope:
Brief Description:
Funding or Activity Level:
Initiated:
Scheduled for Completion:
Major Contribution:
Remarks:
Item 4:
Lead District:
Participating District:
Scope:
Brief Description:
Funding or Activity Level:
Initiated:
Scheduled for Completion:
Major Contribution:
Remarks:
Item 5:
Lead District:
Participating District:
Scope:
Brief Description:
Funding or Activity Levels
Initiated:
Scheduled for Completion:
Major Contribution:
Remarks:
Aquatic Plant Control Research Program
Baltimore, Norfolk., Philadelphia
Lead District requests and funds WES to conduct
research pertinent to aquatic plant control and
management problems in their area.
Variable
WES can provide laboratory and field research
pertaining to aquatic plant growth and
reproduction, competition, and control and
management measures.
Variable
n/a
n/a
The Aquatic Plant Control Research Program has
been used to further the understanding of the
growth and spread of hydrilla in the Potomac
River as well as provide valuable insights into
the ecological relationships for growth of
aquatic plants in this estuary.
Hone
3-D Modeling of Upper Chesapeake Bav
WES is under contract to the State of Maryland
n/a
The WES Hydraulics Laboratory has been contracted
by the Maryland Tidewater Administration to develop
a fine grid 3-D hydraulic model of the Chesapeake
Bay above the Chesapeake Bay Bridge (Maryland),
n/a
$200,000
FY 86
FY 89
Maryland plans to utilize the model to evaluate
larval transport, regulation of Conowingo Dam on the
Susquehanna River, and the effluent from Hart-
Miller Island (containment transport). Results of
the model will be useful for the Corps/EPA full Bay
3-D water quality and hydrodynamic modeling effort,
n/a
2-D Modeling in Hampton Roartu
WES under contract by Norfolk District
n/a
The WES Hydraulics Laboratory was contracted by
Norfolk District to develop a fine grid 2-D
numerical model to assess general changes in
circulation, currents, and sedimentation associated
with various expanaion geometries of Craney Island
Disposal Area,
n/a
$135,000
FY 85
FY 88
V -hl8 8tUdy WU1 provid* information
required to make management decisions regarding
alternatives least impacting water quality and
re8°UrCM of the tower Bey.
64
-------
Meeting Agreement Commitments
Table 10 summarizes various goals, objectives and commitments from the 1987
Chesapeake Bay Agreement to which the Corps ongoing activities contribute.
ESTABLISHING PRIORITIES
Execution of the continuing and future program for the Chesapeake Bay is
subject to administrative, budgetary and time constraints internal to the
Corps of Engineers as well as those imposed by the United States Congress in
establishing national priorities. National trends towards federalism,
fiscal constraint, and joint ventures and partnerships will have a major
impact on the implementation of Civil Works studies and projects in the
future Public Law 99-662, the Water Resources Development Act of 1986, for
example requires increased cost-sharing in development of water resource
projects between the Corps and its non-federal partners. The legislation also
provides for long-term opportunities in the implementation of Corps programs
in response to changing national emphasis.
The Concessional authorization and appropriation process involves multiple
actions amonq Corps Districts, Division and Headquarters, the Assistant
Sprroharv of the Army for Civil Works, and the Office of Management and
y fcnjdget process starts approximately 18 months prior to the
actual'release of funds by the OMB. Figure 7 schematically illustrates the
actual reiea HH.-ken in the budget process for authorized projects.
^t&TSVSjSS: ticause it'explains the lead tin* required before
s performed by a District. Uhlike other elements of the
new activities can be pertoraea oy Di6tricts are primarily funded on a
Amy and the '^"Therefore flexibility is limited in allocating
^loXtffis S'arfnot specifically funded by Congress.
FUTURE programs
nmr,rams can benefit the Bay in many ways beyond the
rhe Corps expertise P9^ gtudies ancj 0ther activities consistent with
continuing programs. ^ chance foe new and continued funding.
Sie1 fSTcheckHstlor^uture programs and activities to which the Corps
:ould potentially contribute.
65
-------
TABLE lo RELATIONSHIP OF ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS TO AGREEMENT GOALS
WATER QUALITY
//.////
LIVING RESOURCES
O
/Afi/f
y# i
-------
TABLE 10 Continued
o»
v)
LIVING RESOURCES
WATER QUALITY
z
£
I
&
1. Potomac Rh»r & Tributaries
ft Hi
2. Regulatory Program
3. Nsmgrton Program
(MairitBnance & Operafcm)
4 Beneficial Uses of Dredged
Maftriat Projects
& CtDCanal Maintenance &
Disposal Monitoring
6. 2-0 Modeingot Hampton
Roads Hwbor
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
-------
TABLE 10 CONTINUED
1PUBUC INFORMATION, EDUCATION, I POPULATION GROWTH I I
PARTICIPATION | & DEVELOPMENT | PUBLIC ACCESS | GOVERNANCE
$ // /$ // /$ /// / // / /ii/f ////
X X
Planning
1. Chesapeake Bay 3-D Modal
2. Chaaapaaka Bay ft
Tributaries Reallocation Study
3. Chesapeake Bay Shoreline
Erosion Study
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
4. Flood Plain Management
Service Program
X
X
5. Potomac River Dredged
Malarial Disposal Site Sbdy
X
6. Water Quality Assesment of
DoDFacHas
X
X
Demostrationf for Potomac /
Anacosba Rivers
8. Rock Creak Anadtomous
Fish Passaga Study
9. Continuing Authorities
Program
X
X
X
X
X
-------
TABLE 10 Continued
PUBLIC INFORMATION, EDUCATION,
PARTICIPATION
POPULATION GROWTH
& DEVELOPMENT
PUBLIC ACCESS
GOVERNANCE
*
cf
7.
Oparatfona
1. Potomac River & Tributaries
nycVWa RMnagOmOnl
2 Regulatory Program
a Navigation Program
(Maintenance & Operation)
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
4. Beneficial Uses of Dredged
Materia) Projects
X
X
X
5. CAD Canal Maintenance &
Disposal Monitoring
X
X
6.2-D Modeling of Hampton
W 1- « »_ -i
nOMI nftrDOr
X
X
-------
FIGURE 7
Civil Works Budget Timeline
BUDGET YEAR - 1
BUDGET YEAR - 2
BUDGET YEAR
| °| N
0
J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
0
N
D
J
F
M
A
H
J
J
A
S
0
N
D
J
F
M
Initial District
Budget Submission
0MB
Passback
Committee House/Senate
Action Conference
Continuing
Resolution
O
Budget
Guidance
Division
Budget
Submission
Budget Public
to Testimony
Congress
Budget
Passed
HQUSACE/
ASA(CW)
Budget Formulation
Division
Engineer
Testimony
Budget Limit Set
-------
TABLE 11
POTENTIAL CORPS ACTIVITIES RELATED TO TOE CHESAPEAKE BAY
1. SAV Protection and Development Planning
2. Development of Chesapeake Bay Shoreline Strategies
3. Pursue Understanding of Sea Level Rise Impacts on Chesapeake Bay
4. Sediment Transport Evaluations
5. Section 606 Streambank and Shoreline Erosion Projects (WRDA86)
6. Section 821 - Planning, Engineering and Design for Anacostia River and
Tributaries (WRDA86)
7. Database Mapping Systems for Bay Resources
8. Evaluation of Streambank Erosion Problems in the Potomac River
9. Pursue Development of Economic Evaluation Procedures and Techniques
Related to Bay Land Valuation, Population Growth and Development, and
Shoreline Property Development
10. Evaluation of Freshwater Inflows to the Chesapeake Bay
11. Pursue Wetlands Development in Association with Dredged Material Disposal
at Corps Navigation Projects
12. Regulatory Strategies for Mitigation of Selected Species
13. Monitoring/Compliance Procedures - Tidal Wetlands
14. Special Area Management Plans (Regulatory)
15. Modifications to Stream Obstructions for Anadromous Fish Passage
16. Pursue Development of Long-Term Management Strategies for Disposal of
Dredged Material
17. Evaluations for Dredged Material Disposal of Toxic Sediments
18. Toxics Monitoring for Military Installations
19. Evaluation of Bay Groundwater Resources from a Quantity and Quality
Standpoint
20. Review of BMP's at Military Construction Sites
21. Review of BMP's at Civil Works Construction Sites
22. Review of BMP's for Leased Agricultural Lands at Corps Reservoirs
23. Review of Military Master Plans for Wetlands
24. Implementation of Corps Bay Communications Plan
25. Evaluation of DoD Facilities, Lands, and Bay Access Potential
26 Review of Shoreline and Navigation Access at Federal Projects
27. Review Opportunities for Craney Island Disposal Area Recreation
Enhancement . . _ . , _ .. _ ,
28. Review of Opportunities for Aquatic Plant Control Recreation Enhancement
71
-------
NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION
INTRODUCTION
NOAA has a national mission to observe the state of the nation's
coastal and estuarine waters; to prepare and issue warnings and
forecasts; to insure the protection of life and property; to operate
environmental satellites and archives for the nation; to manage and
conserve marine and anadromous fish and other living resources; to
manage with the states the coastal zone; to promote research in
support of all of these activities; and to provide research and
services to users and managers of coastal estuarine waters and
the coastal zone.
NOAA is a division of the U.S. Department of Commerce, headed by the
Under Secretary of Commerce for Oceans and Atmosphere. There are
five major line organizations under the Office of the Under Secretary,
including the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), the National
Ocean Service (NOS), the Office of Oceans and Atmospheric Research (OAR),
the National Weather Service (NWS), and the National Environmental,
Satellite, Data, and Information Service (NESDIS). in addition, the
Office of the Chief Scientist, within the Under Secretary's Office,
contains the Estuarine Programs Office (EPO) designed to coordinate
estuarine activities across all line organizations of NOAA. Two offices
with particularly important roles in the Chesapeake Bay include the OAR
Office of Sea Grant and Extramural Programs which administers grants to
the Sea Grant College Programs in Maryland and Virginia and the NOS
Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management (OCRM) which administers
grants for the coastal zone management and estuarine reserve research
programs in Maryland and Virginia. The National Oceanographic Data
Center (NODC) maintains worldwide oceanographic data files including
current velocity, temperature, and salinity data for the Chesapeake Bay.
The NOS Office of Oceanography and Marine Assessment (OMA) includes the
Strategic Assessment Branch, which is compiling the National Estuarine
Inventory and conducts the National Status and Trends Program.
Figure 8 illustrates NQAA's organization.
ORGANIZATION
PROGRAMS IMPORTANT TO THE BAY
Chesapeake Bay Study
receives approAuuaucj-jr , — * —
>f fisheries statistics# fisheries stock assessment, oxygen depletion, and
lata management. Hie Estuarine Programs Office coordinates these efforts.
•to® NOAA Chesapeake Bay Study Plan was written in 1985 to guide the use of
¦hese funds.
73
-------
FIGURE 8 NOAA ORGANIZATION CHART
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION
ASSISTANT AOMNISTRATOn
NATIONAL OCEAN SERVICE
• OomMX
• OCM*
Aircraft
Operations
Legislative
Affairs
Public
Affairs
Administration
General
Counsel
Comptroller
Chief Scientist
Naval Deputy
ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR OCEANS
AND ATMOSPHERE.
AND DEPUTY ADMINISTRATOR
UNDER SECRETARY
FOR OCEANS AND ATMOSPHERE.
AND ADMINISTRATOR
ASSISTANT ADMMISTRATOR
NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL SATELLITE.
DATA AND ^FORMATION SERVICE
SaMles
• Satellite Operations
• SateMe Data Processing and Drtftbution
• Research and Applications
• Systems Development
Information Services
• Assessment and information Services
• National Climatic Data Center
• National Oceanograpluc Data Center
• National Geophysical Data Center
ASSISTANT ADMINISTRATOR
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE
Maforologcal CwHar
wwhat Swvct tnmg
Q*u Buoy Cam
ASSISTANT ADMINISTRATOR
NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE
Fshenes Resource Management
• fisheries Management
• Mustry Servces
• international ftsnenes
• Protected Species and Hatoti
• Enforcement
• Regans (5)
Science and Technology
• Resource tovestqatons
• Oata and Wormation Management
• Utkaton Research
• Fehenes Centers (4)
Conservation
ASSISTANT ADMINISTRATOR
OFFICE OF
OCEANC ANO ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
• Ornate and Atmospheric Research
• Sea Gram and Extiamural Pragiams
• Envvonmentai Research laboratory
-------
The Chesapeake Bay Stock Assessment Committee (CBSAC), a federal and state
organization, was set up in 1985 to develop cooperative agreements with
the four jurisdictions (Maryland, Virginia, District of Columbia, and
Pennsylvania) for addressing fisheries statistics and stock assessment
priorities. CBSAC is developing a Bay-wide fisheries stock assessment
plan by July 1988, pursuant to the Living Resources commitment in the 1987
Chesapeake Bay Agreement. A matrix and companion bibliography on the
status of stock knowledge was completed in March 1988 by CBSAC's Status
of Stocks Knowledge Work Group. A document with more detail on the
status of each major fish species in the Bay will be available in the
summer of 1988. The Data Identification and Interpretation Work Group
has completed a pilot stock assessment of white perch in the Choptank
and York Rivers. Approximately 53 percent of the NQAA Chesapeake Bay
funding has been spent on stock assessment studies, and another 9 percent
on the improvement of fisheries statistics.
EPO has worked with the National Sea Grant Program Office and the Maryland
and Virginia Sea Grant Programs to conduct cooperative research efforts
related to the problem of oxygen depletion in Chesapeake Bay. About 26
percent of NQAA Chesapeake Bay funds were used to support these projects.
A report entitled, Dissolved Oxygen: Processes and Effects, was released
in December 1987, and it includes papers summarizing research findings to
date. The Chesapeake Bay Environmental Effects Committee was set up in
1988 to direct the research priorities for this extra Sea Grant funding.
This committee includes scientific representatives from all the
jurisdictions in the Chesapeake Bay Program.
Projects related to Chesapeake Bay data management, remote sensing, and
modeling have also been conducted by NESDIS through this source of funding.
The report, Chesapeake Bay Environmental Data Directory, was also
published in December 1987. Produced in cooperation with NESDIS, it contains
descriptions of environmental data collected throughout the Chesapeake Bay
and where one can obtain the data. Three other NESDIS projects in the
last year include 1) the development of a microcomputer-based coastal
information system for displaying and analyzing environmental data, 2) the
application of a numerical circulation model of the Bay to trace the drift
of larval blue crabs at the Bay mouth, and 3) the application of AVHER
satellite data to estimate suspended sediment and chlorophyll data in
surface waters of the Bay. The proceedings of a workshop sponsored by
EPO, Remote Sensing of Estuaries, was distributed in September 1987. About
12 percent of the Chesapeake Bay funds were distributed to NESDIS for these
projects and others.
Sea Grant
Sea Grant College Programs in Maryland and Virginia
received over $2 million from NOAA in Fiscal Year (FY) 1987, in addition
to the $383,000 they received from NQAA's Chesapeake Bay funds. These
programs include program management and communications, environmental
research, seafood technology development, marine advisory services, and
educational support. The Sea Grant system supports scientific and
technical projects that are of national and regional importance, and supports
communicators and advisory specialists to convey findings to
75
-------
resource managers, elected officials, private industry, and the public.
Many of the advisory services, publications, and other outreach activities
are described in the Baywide Communications Plan. Current research topics
include larval blue crab dynamics, shellfish and finfish disease, pollutant
impacts, oyster hatchery operations, other aquaculture research, water
quality, and submerged aquatic vegetation.
Coastal Zone Management and Estuarine Research Reserves
Both Maryland and Virginia have approved coastal zone management programs and
receive funding from NOAA, through Section 306 of the Coastal Zone Management
Act (CZMA), to manage their coastal resources. In addition, NOAA has provided
funding under Section 309 of the CZMA to assist Maryland, Virginia, and
Pennsylvania to implement a Chesapeake Bay Data Management and Monitoring
Program.
Virginia's Coastal Resources Management Program is relatively young,
approved by NOAA in September 1986, whereas Maryland's was approved in 1978.
Virginia's program links existing responsibilities in fisheries management,
wetlands management, dunes management, nonpoint source pollution control,
shoreline sanitation, and air pollution; approximately one-third of
Virginia's funding is transferred to local governments and regional
planning districts to manage local coastal permitting programs. For
Fiscal Year 1987, Virginia received $1.8 million for its program.
Maryland's Coastal Resources Management Program has funded activities
related to striped bass, coastal county geographic information system
(MIPS), nontidal wetland mapping, wetland functional-value assessment
modeling, revegetation of submerged aquatic vegetation, management
of areas with significant plant and wildlife, and economic impacts of
critical area legislation. In FY 87, Maryland received $2.25 million.
Under Section 315 of the CZMA, states are provided with 50 percent
matching grants for acquiring, developing, or operating estuarine
research reserves. Maryland has received funds to develop a five-
site estuarine research reserve system throughout the Maryland Bay.
A site has been established at Monie Bay, on the Eastern Shore,
encompassing 3,348 acres of tidal creeks, salt marshes, submerged
aquatic vegetation beds, upland and swamp pine forests, and a great
blue heron rookery. It is located adjacent to the Maryland Department
of Natural Resources Deal Island Wildlife Management Area which is
administered for public recreation and waterfowl hunting. NOAA has
funded a project to examine the effects of waterfowl ponds on the
long-term productivity of marshes and ultimately fisheries productivity.
Selection of additional reserve sites in Maryland has been completed
with the exception of a middle Bay site to be nominated for consideration
later this year. The three additional sites approved by NOAA include Jug Bay
on the Patuxent River, Adkins Marsh on the Choptank River, and Otter Point
Creek in Harford County. Development of a draft Environmental impact
Statement and draft Management Plan, which precedes site designation, is in
progress. Site designation by NOAA is anticipated in the summer of 1989.
In Virginia, four sites located in Mobjack Bay and along the York
76
-------
River are being considered for inclusion in the estuarine reserve
research program. As in the Maryland estuarine reserve system,
the Virginia system is intended to include a system of sites that are
representative of the estuarine ecosystems found in the Chesapeake
Bay and its tributaries, which are also suitable for long-term research.
National Status and Trends (NS&T) Program
National Status and Trends (NS&T) Program: The NS&T Program was
initiated in 1984 to describe the current status and future trends of
selected contaminants in sediments, fish, and shellfish at sites around
the country. A major product of the NS&T Program will be a national
data base to aid in assessing trends of pollutant levels and their
effects on living resources. The Program has two major components:
the Benthic Surveillance and Mussel Watch Projects. Sediments and
demersal finfish are sampled annually at up to five sites in the
Chesapeake Bay as part of the Benthic Surveillance Project. Fish are
examined for external abnormalities, and selected tissues are examined
for evidence of lesions or other disorders. Livers and bile are
analyzed for toxic contamination. At the six Mussel Watch sites,
oysters and sediments are also analyzed once per year for toxicants.
Preliminary findings place Chesapeake Bay near the top of the list of
contaminated estuaries in the U.S.
National Marine Fisheries Service: NQAA's fishery organization
has scientific and management responsibilities over the nation's
commercial and recreational fisheries. Three areas which have the
nost relevance to Chesapeake Bay are described below, although there
itre many other programs funded by the National Marine Fisheries Service.
Fisheries Statistics - Through the Commercial Fisheries Research and
Development Act, NQAA provides funds to Maryland and Virginia to conduct
research and to collect fisheries statistics. Commercial catch and effort
data are collected by the states and are used by both NQAA and the
states for predicting total catch, assessing trends, and developing
fishery management measures. NQAA also conducts the National
Marine Recreational Fisheries Survey, used to estimate recreational
fish catch and effort data, in the Bay region. The states periodically
supplement this survey to provide additional data for better
regional estimates. NQAA funds research on the effects that
recreational fishing has on annual fishing patterns and on
socio-economic effects of sport fishing in the Chesapeake Bay.
Protected Species and Habitat Conservation - NOAA participates in
environmental decision-making in cooperation with other federal and state
agencies involved in water resource planning and development around the
Chesapeake Bay. To prevent or reduce damage to fishery resources and their
habitats, NQAA reviews dredge and fill proposals, and permits for waste
discharge and construction in navigable waters. From January 1981 to December
1985, NQAA reviewed approximately 3,000 applications for construction permits
and hydro-electric licensing associated with proposals in the Chesapeake
Bay and its tributaries.
Additionally, NQAA participates in planning and technical committees to
77
-------
addressed. NCAA recommends mitigation measures to alleviate impacts on
fisheries resources associated with these development activities.
- interjurisdictional Fisheries Management
The Anadromous Fish Conservation Act enables NQAA to fund the states in
the Bay region to answer questions about the striped bass, shad, and
river herring. With these grants, Maryland is characterizing the sex,
age, size, and composition of striped bass to determine indices of
relative abundance. Virginia is also examining the stock composition
and year class for striped bass, shad, and river herring stocks as well
as comparing the current status of shad stocks to previous years in
the James, York, and Rappahannock rivers.
NQAA is an active participant in the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries
Commission, a coast-wide organization designed to coordinate the
management of coastal fisheries stocks. Like migratory coastal fish,
offshore fisheries (3-200 miles offshore) often include species that
are periodic residents of Chesapeake Bay. The Mid—Atlantic Fishery
Management Council, funded under the Fishery Conservation and
Management Act, approves federal fishery management plans for
offshore fisheries.
Meeting Agreement Commitments
The relationship of NCAA's programs to meeting the Commitments of the
Chesapeake Bay Agreement of 1987 is displayed in the matrix which is
Table 12.
ESTABLISHING PRIORITIES
Funding for NQAA's Chesapeake Bay Project is administered through the
National Marine Fisheries Service. Priorities for allocating the
budget among the three main funding categories (stock assessment
and fisheries statistics, environmental effects, and data management)
are coordinated by the Estuarine Programs Office. EPO works with the
Chesapeake Bay Stock Assessment Committee, Chesapeake Bay Environmental
Effect Committee, and NESDIS personnel to set priorities for funding
within each budget category.
FUTURE PROGRAMS
Within the Estuarine Programs Office, an Estuarine Research Framework was
developed in 1987 to set goals for future research on estuarine processes.
Areas of focus include freshwater inflow, habitat modifications, nutrient
processes, and toxic contamination. A technical development plan was conpleted
in February 1987 which recommends funding specific research projects related
to the functioning of submerged aquatic vegetation ecosystems.
Future goals for the Chesapeake Bay Project include the initiation of research
on toxic chemical effects on living resources in the Bay. The Chesapeake Bay
Environmental Effects Committee recently decided to continue at least one more
year of coordinated research studies on low dissolved oxygen before
considering funding a research program on toxics. The Committee plans to use
78
-------
TABLE 12 RELATIONSHIP OF NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION ACTIVITIES TO AGREEMENT GOALS
WATER QUALITY
7.
&
%
L NOAAChaaapealM Bay Study
A. Slock Amassment ConmiUBe
X
X
a Enwrrumunlal Effect*
Committee
X
X
X
X
X
C. Data Managsmant Remote
Sensing, and Modatng
X
X
X
X
D. Caonfnalion«ttiCBP
X
X
X
X
X
U. Sea Grant Core Prog-ams
X
X
X
m. Coastal Heeouco Management
and Eriuarina Rbmim
nyueorch Proyams
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
IV. National Status and Trends
Pnym
X
V. National Marina Ftahariae
Serrica Program
X
X
X
X
X
X
x
X
X
-------
TABLE 12 CONTINUED
a>
o
PUBLIC INFORMATION, EDUCATION,
PARTICIPATION
POPULATION GROWTH
& DEVELOPMENT
PUBLIC ACCESS
GOVERNANCE
-------
considering funding a research program on toxics. The Committee plans to use
the Chesapeake Bay Research Plan, under development by the Chesapeake Bay
Program's (CBP) Scientific and Technical Advisory Committee, for its decisions
on FY 89 research priorities.
The Chesapeake Bay Stock Assessment Committee plans to follow through
on its recommendations for long-term Bay-wide data collection programs
for stock assessment and fisheries monitoring and short-term studies
on fishery recruitment processes and biological effects. The first
objective is to complete the design of a fishery-independent data
collection effort, which includes a Bay-wide trawl survey, beach-
seining in Bay headwaters and tributaries, and other gears. Studies
are on-going for developing consistent methodologies for the trawl
survey, and beach-seine methodologies are already in place Bay-wide.
Technical workshops are planned within the next year for developing
the Bay-wide fishery-independent sampling program. Studies may also
be initiated next year to develop improved measures of recreational
catch and effort in the Chesapeake Bay.
NQAA has much expertise in the field of remote sensing and the
application of satellite imagery for monitoring and modeling. The
Remote Sensing of Estuaries workshop sponsored by EPO in 1985,
developed specific recommendations for improving remote sensing
technology for estuarine research and management applications.
NQAA hopes that, through its participation in and support of the
Remote Sensing Working Group of the CBP Scientific and Technical
Advisory Committee, some of the workshop's recommendations will be
carried out.
With a range of plans being developed as part of the Chesapeake Bay
Agreement, many recommendations will be put forth for improving the
coordination of research, planning, management, and public involvement
activities throughout the Bay. NQAA is committed to improve the coordination
of its Coastal Resource Management grants, Sea Grant funding, and Chesapeake
Bay project funding so that their priorities are consistent with the
Chesapeake Bay Agreement and the plans adopted by the Chesapeake Executive
Council.
81
-------
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
INTRODUCTION
Helping to restore and protect the Chesapeake Bay has been a long-standing
Department of Defense (DoD) goal. Since 1974, the Department has spent more
than $235 million on pollution abatement projects and natural resource
programs in the Bay region. For example, many wastewater treatment plants
have been upgraded with such advanced treatment techniques as nitrification,
phosphorus removal, and ultraviolet disinfection.
Defense was the first federal agency to enter into a formal agreement with
EPA, pledging to study all DOD installations in the Bay area, and to implement
land management and point source controls when needed. DoD also agreed to
work with EPA to insure that all permits are up-to-date and to define
appropriate discharge levels. Even when not required by existing permits, DoD
strives to minimize discharges of nutrients, toxics, and sediments.
DoD recently completed a two-year, three-phase study to determine the relative
impact of its activities on the water quality and living resources of the Bay
and its tributaries. Sixty-six DoD installations were evaluated to determine
which have the potential to impact the Bay's water quality by virtue of their
size, their proximity to the Bay, or the types of activities which they
perform.
The study found that the region of influence of military activities in the Bay
area generally appears to be limited to the immediate vicinity of each
facility. Military installations contribute relatively insignificant loadings
of both point and nonpoint conventional pollutants to the Bay.
Three major program recommendations are identified: additional monitoring of
conventional pollutants and toxics; a systematic evaluation of nonpoint
source runoff control measures; and further emphasis on the management of
hazardous and toxic materials.
DoD is using this water quality assessment study to develop a comprehensive
management strategy for future actions in the Bay region. The study is also
being used as the basis for DoD's input to the Federal Facilities Plan and to
this Coordinated Work Plan.
ORGANIZATION
Overall policy direction for DoD's Chesapeake Bay Program is provided by the
Office of the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Environment. Program
management is provided by the Military Services, through the environmental
offices of their Headquarters and major commands. Day-to-day operation of
DoD's environmental programs is normally carried out by the engineering and
83
-------
housing division at each installation. (See Figure 9.)
DOD ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAMS IMPORTANT TO THE BAY
The water quality assessment of DoD installations in the Chesapeake Bay
drainage basin identified these programs as being "particularly beneficial to
water quality conditions" in the Bay area:
o Defense Environmental Restoration Program - A systematic program to
identify and clean up abandoned toxic and hazardous waste sites has been
established for all Military Services. Preliminary site investigations have
been conducted at installations in the Bay region, and follow-up actions are
being performed as required.
o Advanced Wastewater Treatment (AWT) Upgrades - A number of installations
have upgraded their sewage treatment plants by incorporating AWT practices
such as denitrification, phosphorus removal, ultraviolet disinfection, and
multimedia sand filters. Another active program has involved the tie-in of
sewage lines directly to local municipal systems for treatment.
o OMTAP - DoD's Operation Maintenance and Training Assistance Program is a
pilot program designed to enhance sewage treatment plant operations at
selected facilities through site-specific evaluation, analysis and assistance.
OMTAP uses a detailed on-site evaluation of each management, support, and
operating function of a STP to identify both short-term and long-term
problems, and to recommend changes to improve the operations and effectiveness
of the plant.
o Environmental Assistance Programs - The Military Services provide
additional environmental engineering assistance to installations as needed
through a number of programs designed to deal with specific health-related
problems, ranging from laboratory analyses of suspected toxic materials to
full-scale environmental audits and preparation of environmental impact
statements.
o DoD Environmental Audit Program - Environmental audits help assess an
installation's water quality needs and cam also help to prioritize the needs
of an installation.
o Defense Environmental Status Reports (DESR) - Through this tracking
mechanism, the Military services report on progress they are making to achieve
goals of their environmental programs. DESR can prioritize areas needing
attention and can aid in the funding of necessary projects.
o Hazardous Waste Storage and Handling - DoD is making great progress in
upgrading hazardous storage and handling facilities and in reducing the
incidence of spills at these facilities.
o Natural resource programs, soil conservation plans, wetlands management
programs and forestry management plans - These programs provide mechanisms to
insure best management practices (BMPs) are implemented. They also enhance
the living resources on DoD's installations.
o Preservation of Undeveloped Land - The large amount of undisturbed land
84
-------
FIGURE 9
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE ORGANIZATION CHART
DoD ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
FUNCTIONAL RELATIONSHIPS
MAJOR
COMMANDS
INSTALLATIONS
INSTALLATIONS
INSTALLATIONS
OEFENSE
LOGISTICS
AGENCY
ENGINEERING
FIELD
DIVISIONS
MAJOR
COMMANDS
CORPS OF
ENGINEERS-
FIELD
DIVISION
AIR FORCE
REGIONAL
CIVIL
ENGINEERING
FIELD
ACTIVITIES
MAJOR
COMMANDS
SECRETARY OF AF
HQ AIR FORCE
SECRETARY
OF
DEFENSE
SECRETARY OF NAVY
HQ NAVY/MARINES
SECRETARY OF ARMY
HQ ARMY
DEPUTY ASSISTANT
SECRETARY OF
DEFENSE
(ENVIRONMENT!
7-1W«
-------
on DoD's installations stabilizes the soil, reduces surface runoff of-
pollutants, and slows erosion rates.
Programs In Ttie Chesapeake Bay Region
Background
DoD's primary involvement in the restoration and protection of the Chesapeake
Bay is with pollution abatement projects which mitigate the adverse impacts
of activities on its military installations, or through ongoing enhancement
efforts of its natural resource programs. Since 1974, DoD has spent more
than $235 million to support these efforts in the Chesapeake Bay drainage
basin.
Special initiatives
o Completed a two-year, three-phase water quality assessment of the impact
of all 66 DoD installations in the Chesapeake Bay drainage basin - $570,000.
o Completed and distributed a guidance manual for conducting operator
training assistance at DoD wastewater treatment plants. The Army conducted
operator assistance programs at five Chesapeake Bay installations in 1987.
o Developed action plans for underground storage tank management, erosion
and stormwater management, and water quality monitoring for two Bay-area army
installations.
o A pilot program of environmental audits was conducted at eight DoD
installations in 1985-86. Environmental engineering surveys were completed at
five Navy and Marine Corps installations during the same time period.
Core funded
The examples cited below are representative of the wide range of pollution
control projects, mitigation measures, and O&M activities which DoD has
completed since the signing of the 1983 Bay Agreement.
Actions completed in FY87
o The Navy conducted a pilot study to develop best available technology for
treatment of ordinance and explosive wastewater.
o Sludge disposal programs have been or are being established at seven
Navy activities with wastewater treatment plants. Application of sludge to
forest lands is being initiated at several activities to reduce landfill
requirements and promote beneficial use of the sludge.
o Three stormwater detention basins which collect sediment from
construction sites were completed at Andrews AFB, Air Force 1 Complex-
o An experimental shoreline erosion control project using gaped gabion
breakwaters was installed at Camp Peary, VA - $24,000
86
-------
o Aberdeen Proving Ground (APG) has developed over the
computerized system to manage its habitats and track chanJSLseveral years a
be used on site with a GIS system. changes to them, it will
o Sewage system improvements at NOS Indian Head - $6.1 million.
o Seven Navy CHESDIV wastewater treatment nianh*
biomonitoring to determine if they are discharging any toxics
SSSS. y ^ S°UrCe °f tojdcant* IdenSieaVlT S
o Cleanup of PCB contamination site at NAD Norfolk - $4.49 million
o Shoreline erosion and sedimentation control proiects at maq
MM9?e^e$l22!oo?eSaPeake ^ Detachment' Indi«> »«d, amd NSWC
Bel^o/r - OOO23"0" C°ntr01 Pr0:ieCtS " ^""kenny and Port
o Replacement of sewage pumping station and construction of nil
separator for stormwater, Fort Monroe - $135,000. struc"on of oil-water
Actions completed in FY85-86
o Repair storm drainage at Andrews AFB and Langley APB - $625,000
o Replace sewer lines, New Cumberland Army Depot - $40,000.
o Construction of oil spill prevention facility, Quantico - $6.5 million
0 Alterations to sanitary sewer, NWS Yorktown - $35,000.
o Sewage system improvements, NSWC Dahlgren - $264,000.
o Modifications to sewage treatment plant, Naval Station,
Annapolis - $42,000.
o Revegetation and terracing of 60 acre demolition site, Letterkenny Amy
Depot.
o Renovation and seeding of 400 acres of bare ground, Fort A.p. Hill.
Actions completed in FY84-85
o Municipal sewage connection, Naval Shipyard Portsmouth - $8 million.
o Construction and improvements to industrial waste pretreatment plant,
Naval Air Rework Facility, Norfolk - $7 million.
o Construction of an advanced wastewater treatment plant, Fort Meade -
$23 million.
o Municipal sewage connections, Fort Lee and Fort Belvoir - $7 million.
87
-------
o Upgrade of every unit process in NRL Chesapeake Bay Detachment wastewater
treatment plant, including installation of ultraviolet radiation disinfection
unit.
Ongoing actions
o Navy spill response equipment located at Chesapeake Bay activities is
valued at $15 million. Another $15 million has been spent maintaining and
replacing this equipment.
o The Navy also has a $65 million investment of ship salvage and oil spill
response equipment located in Williamsburg, VA.
o SAV planting has been conducted at Aberdeen Proving Grounds since 1980.
The relationship of DoD's efforts to Bay Agreement commitments is displayed in
Table 13. The table also indicates the plans/strategies in which DoD is
participating.
DoD is working with the Services and EPA Region III to identify which
potential projects identified by the water quality assessment have received
funding, which have been programmed for funding consideration, and which have
not as yet been submitted for consideration. Once the evaluation has been
completed, recommended projects not currently identified by the Services will
be submitted for future funding consideration.
Funding decisions for pollution abatement projects and hazardous waste cleanup
projects are made on the basis of relative need. Projects at DoD
installations in the Chesapeake Bay area compete with others nationwide for
available funding. Projects not funded in a given year are deferred for
future consideration when a continuing need exists. The FY90 budget is
currently being developed.
DoD will continue the environmental enhancement programs descHheri T«
Meeting Agreement Commitments
ESTABLISHING PRIORITIES
FUTURE PROGRAMS
future implementation by DoD's Bay-area installation*
Federal Facilities Strategy. actions
are presented in the
88
-------
TABLE 13 RELATIONSHIP OF DoD ACTIVITIES TO AGREEMENT GOALS
8
LIVING RESOURCES
/
<0
L OONnWUMQENVnONMENTAI.
ENHANCEMENT PROGRAMS
1. Dytom Environmental
flortirtinn Program (DEHP)
2. Adwanwd WattoHor
TraatnerA (AWT) Upgrades
3. Operation IMrtisnance and
Training Aielrtance Program
(OMTAP)
4. ErwtamenH) AMtetancar
Environmental Audte
5l Nakni Resources Manags-
ment Program
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
-------
TABLE 13 CONTINUED
10
O
PUBLIC INFORMATION, EDUCATION,
PARTICIPATION
POPULATION GROWTH
& DEVELOPMENT
PUBLIC ACCESS
GOVERNANCE
/
cy
£
1. CONTINUING ENVIRONMENTAL
ENHANCEMENT PROGRAMS
1. Defense Environmental
Res friction Program (DERP)
2. Advanced Wastewater
Treatment (AWT) Upgrades
3. Operation Maintenance and
Training Assistance Program
(OMTAP)
4. Environmental Assistance/
Environmental Audits
5. Natural Resources Manage-
ment Programs
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
1. AGREEMENT COMMITMENTS
1. Bay Communications Plan
X
X
X
X
X
2. Bay Access Inventory
X
X
X
-------
TABLE 13 CONTINUED
LIVING RESOURCES
WATER QUALITY
J
(ctaranty under evaluation)
1. EioatoiVSednnnlatfonConfrol
2. Impervious Araa Runoff
-otAnlar separators
-surface monitoring
3. Combined Storm Drains
- dtechargo to STP for treatment
-«Huent monitoring
4. Shoreine Erosion Conkol
5. Saai0»Tnaknanl
- correct dmiop i^nponiinrml
-oftiirato CI residual
6. Industrial Waste Treatment
- monitor discharges (NPDES)
- instaWupgrade oMmkr
- instaMipgroda pretroatmant
- review prabsaknant process /
operations
- effluent toxics monitoring
7. InteniaientBacnoto Sowaoo
& Refusing Operations
- SPCC measures
9. Munitions Operations
- monitoring runoff
-------
TABLE 13 CONTINUED
WATER QUALITY
LIVING RESOURCES
*
10. Chemical Operations
-monitoring
11. Pesticides
-monitoring
-BMPs
12. Ship Maintenance
-BMPs
13. SoKd Waste Disposal
- monitor landfill leachate
- BMPs to stop contaminant
migration
14. Haxardous Waste
- implement HM/HW management
plans
- conforming HW storage
-sludge disposal
15. SPCC Status
- update SPCC plans
16. Abandoned Sites
- conirmation studies
- leachate contralfreatment
- containment measures
17. UST Status
-testUSTs
- remove tanks/sols
- cleanup measures
18. Forestry Management
-timber sales BMPs
19. WMMe Management/
Enhancement Plans
-------
TABLE 13 CONTINUED
20. Sol Consaivalion Plan
-BMPs
-dawlop plans
21. IjIniiiiawlM'MmiaBflnwnt Plans
22. WHumh MnnnQomont Plans
23. Staraina Erosion Plans
-------
FOREST SERVICE
INTRODUCTION
The Forest Service is a leader in the conservation and wise use of the
Nation's forests and rangelands. Under its direction 156 National Forests,
19 Grasslands and 16 Land Utilization Projects are managed to produce wood
fiber, forage, recreation, wildlife and quality water for the growing
population of the Nation.
Recognizing the diversity of the Nation, these lands are managed to produce
the greatest good for the greatest number of people in the long run. Portions
of National Forests may be dedicated wilderness, or wild and scenic rivers or
recreation areas. Under such management they hold something for everyone.
Portions of three National Forests occur in the Chesapeake Bay Region: the
George Washington, comprising 475,000 acres and the Jefferson, comprising
248,600 acres, both in Virginia, and the Monongahela comprising 101,123 acres
in West Virginia.
In addition to its specific land and water management responsibilities the
Forest Service also cooperates with the States in helping private forest land
owners apply good forest practices on their lands.
Yet a third element of the Forest Service is dedicated to the conduct of
research to expand the scientific basis for forestry, range and natural
resources management. Significant progress is being made in the areas of acid
rain, insect and disease control, wood utilization, water quality, fire
behavior, and better ways to manage forests and rangelands for all their
value.
PROGRAMS IMPORTANT TO THE BAY
While the Forest Service is not charged with programs specific to the Bay, the
Administration of National Forest System lands and programs administered by
State and Private Forestry, or in which they assist other agencies, can affect
the Bay and its environs:
Planning:
National Forest System : UNDER DEVELOPMENT
Cooperative Programs:
Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry provides assistance to the six
states with land in the Bay Region to develop State Forest Resource Plans
which will enhance State capability for providing forest resource data for
other planning efforts which affect natural resources, enhance the
capabilities of the states to identify opportunities to provide guidance for
the efficient investment of public and private funds to benefit the Bay
95
-------
Program and enhance the states' capability to develop or provide inputs for an
operational model that integrates the functions of planning, implementation
and control.
Operations:
National Forest System: UNDER DEVELOPMENT
Cooperative Programs:
Northeastern Area Forest Pest Management Staff is directly responsible for
reducing damage caused by pests on all Federal forest and range lands and
indirectly responsible for this work on State and private lands. Toward this
end, the FPM Staff unit provides financial and technical assistance to control
and suppress forest pests, such as the gypsy moth and spruce budworm; conducts
forest surveys to detect the presence of pests and to evaluate their potential
for causing loss; trains Federal and State employees in the latest forest pest
management techniques; designs special projects and conducts demonstrations to
expedite the development and dissemination of new techniques into the hands of
the user; conducts training courses in the use and handling of herbicides and
pesticides.
The Fire Protection Staff lends its expertise, leadership and financial
support to State Foresters and to local fire departments so they can deliver
effective forest fire protection to State and private lands in the Region.
They perform this role by enabling states to obtain equipment and vehicles
through Federal Excess Property Program for use by rural fire departments;
helping states to improve protection of rural property and lives through the
Rural Community Fire Protection Program; providing advanced fire training for
State fire protection employees and specific to the Bay Region, assisting in
fire training within the Mid Atlantic Forest Fire Protection Compact.
The Forest Management and Utilization Staff extends technical assistance,
training, expertise, and funding to State and private landowners in managing
their forest lands. Support is provided in such categories as silviculture,
forest genetics, forest seedling and nursery management, forest management,
wildlife habitat management, soil and water protection, urban forestry,
reclamation of surface mined areas, recreation and taxation. This staff also
cooperates with other USDA Agencies in providing guidance for the Forest
Incentives Program (FIP), Agricultural Conservation Program (ACP),
Conservation Reserve Program (CRP), Small Watershed Program, Potomac Flood
Prevention Program and Emergency Watershed Protection Program. Urban Forestry
experts provide direction to landowners and loggers in harvesting wood
products while protecting the environment, guidance to municipalities in urban
tree removal, recycling for energy, and regulations on the use and disposal of
wood products.
For the past several years Northeastern Area State And Private Forestry has
been coordinating Chesapeake Bay forestry activities between the Forest
Service and the State Foresters of Maryland, Pennsylvania and New York.
Through the combined efforts of the three State forestry agencies in the
Susquehanna River Initiative, increased Chesapeake Bay Program funding was
made available to Maryland and Pennsylvania. Through its Focused Funding
96
-------
Program, Northeastern Area made $50,000 available to New York Department of
Environmental Conservation, Division of Lands and Forests, to promote the
establishment of permanent vegetation on highly erosive cropland in the
headwaters area of the Susquehanna River Basin.
The Chesapeake Bay Forestry Coordinating Committee, an expansion of the
original partnership of three State forestry agencies and Northeastern Area,
has been established. This committee, representing the State Foresters of
Delaware, Maryland, New York, Pennsylvania, Virginia and West Virginia,,
Forest Service Regions 8 and 9, the Chesapeake Bay Foundation and Northeastern
Area, is preparing a Forestry Plan of Action. Elements of this plan will
address goals and priorities developed in the 1987 Agreement and establish a
coordinated course of action specific to each unit represented while meeting
the needs of the whole. As this plan develops, inputs to respective State,
Federal, and local plans as well as Agreement strategies and plans will be
provided.
At the first meeting of a subgroup, the Chesapeake Bay Forestry Task Force,
held in Annapolis on April 28-29, 1988, draft goal statements were developed
for consideration. A Task Force goal statement will be available in October
1988. The Task Force is particularly concerned with the collection, collation
and dissemination of information pertinent to the benefits forestry can
provide for the Bay and its living resources. It also wished to recognize the
worthwhile forest conservation activities of state and local government and
the private sector. The Task Force has prepared a draft communications plan
which it fully expects will be modified as its members continue to interact
and respond to the committees and task forces established under the Bay
Agreement.
Meeting Agreement Commitments
An assessment of the potential for Forest Service activities to impact the
goals and objectives established in the 1987 Agreement is included in Table
14.
97
-------
TABLF 14 RELATIONSHIP CF FOREST SERVICE ACTIVITIES TO AGREEMENT GOALS
vo
CO
LIVING RESOURCES
WATER QUALITY
*'///
* ////*'»
CoordinatiiM CommHttta
Technology Transfer
Information Base
Recognition Base
Technical Assistance
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
-------
TABLE 14 CONTINUED
WATER QUALITY
Forest Incentives Program
Agricultural Conservation
Program
Conservation Reserve Program
SfripaJnt Reclamation
l|Mja|. " » »• - ¦ ¦ ¦
WMMIMMUU mpl
Nuraery & Tree tap.
Urban Forestry
Timber Harvesting
Potomac Rood Prevention
arm wmswoi nuyvii
Management Assistance
LIVING RESOURCES
X
-------
TABLE 14 CONTINUED
LIVING RESOURCES
7
WATER QUALITY
7
National Forest Pro a ram*
To be developed
Coononrtiv Program*
Surveys
Suppression
Pesticide Training
Cooperative Fire Protection
Federal Excess Property
Rural Community Fire
Protection
Mid-Atlantic Compact
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
-------
TABLE 14 CONTINUED
POPULATION GROWTH
& DEVELOPMENT
PUBLIC INFORMATION, EDUCATION,
PARTICIPATION
PUBLIC ACCESS
GOVERNANCE
7.
7
&
Z
/
/
Fcrest Incentives Program
Agricultural Conservation
Program
Conservation Reserve Program
Sfripmine Ftectamalion
X
"" ¦" " ' » »- - »
vWdra nuxtn wp.
Nursery a Tree Imp.
Urban Foreefry
Timber Harvesting
Potomac Flood Prcwonticn
ftogram
X
X
X
X
X
X
Small WMaraheds Program
Management Assistance
X
X
-------
TABLE 14 CONTINUED
o
KJ
PUBLIC INFORMATION, EDUCATION,
PARTICIPATION
POPULATION GROWTH
& DEVELOPMENT
PUBLIC ACCESS
GOVERNANCE
////#
* 'f //*/££/»¦?*?
$
- £' * A~'
Coord In «t Inn CnrnmHt—
Technology Transfer
Information Base
Recognition Base
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Technical Assistance
X
X
X
x
X
-------
Tobe developed
Surveys
Suppression
Pesticide Training
CoooaraUw FIra Protection
Federal Exees Property
Rural Community Fire Protection
MM-Atanlic Compact
-------
OTHER FEDERAL AGENCIES WITH PROGRAMS AFFECTING THE CHESAPEAKE BAY
Additional Federal agencies have been invited to contribute information
about their programs to future revisions of this plan. Submittals are
expected from agencies which are developing new memoranda of understanding
with the EPA Bay Program, and from other federal organizations which have
expressed interest in participating in achieving the goals of the 1987
Chesapeake Bay Agreement.
105
------- |