PROGRAM MANAGEMENT ASSISTANCE
HYDROGEOLOGY OF THE LARAMIE, WYOMING A.REA
EPA Contract No. 68-01-6515
Work Assignment No. R-008-012
-------
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT ASSISTANCE
HYDROGEOLOGY OF THE LARAMIE, WYOMING A.REA
EPA Contract No. 68-01-6515
Work Assignment No. R-008-012
Prepared By
Ertec, Inc.
1658 Cole Blvd., Suite 180
Golden, Colorado 80401
-------
-ii-
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
1.0 INTRODUCTION 1-1
2.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 2-1
3.0 LOCATION 3-1
4.0 PHYSIOGRAPHIC SETTING 4-1
5.0 CLIMATE 5-1
6.0 GEOLOGY 6-1
6.1 STRATIGRAPHY ' 6-1
6.1.1 Alluvium 6-1
6.1.2 Terrace Deposits 6-1
6.1.3 Cloverly Formation 6-1
6.1.4 Morrison Formation 6-1
6.1.5 Sundance Formation 6-8
6.1.6 Jelm Formation 6-8
6.1.7 Chugwater Group 6-8
6.1.8 Forelle Limestone 6-8
6.1.9 Satanka Shale 6-8
6.1.10 Casper Formation 6-9
6.1.11 Fountain Formation 6-9
6.1.12 Pre-Cambrian 6-9
6.1.13 Site-Specific Stratigraphic Summary 6-9
6.2 STRUCTURE 6-9
6.3 HYDROSTRATIGRAPHY 6-10
-------
-iii-
TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
Page
7.1 THE ALLUVIAL SYSTEM . . 7-1
7.2 BEDROCK AQUIFERS 7-7
7.2.1 The Cloverly Formation 7-11
7.2.2 The Morrison Formation 7-11
7.2.3 The Sundance Formation 7-11
7.2.4 The Chugwater Group 7-12
7.2.5 The Satanka Shale 7-12
7.2.6 The Casper Formation 7-12
8.0 SURFACE WATER 8-1
9.0 WATER QUALITY 9-1
9.1 GROUNDWATER QUALITY 9-1
9.1.1 Alluvium 9-1
9.1.2 Chemical Character of Bedrock Aquifers 9-1
9.1.2.1 The Casper Formation 9-1
9.2 SURFACE WATER QUALITY 9-7
10.0 WATER USE 10-1
11.0 LARAMIE WATER SUPPLY 11-1
11.1 THE LARAMIE RIVER 11-1
11.2 THE CASPER FORMATION 11-1
12.0 SITE SPECIFIC HYDROLOGIC DISCUSSION 12-1
REFERENCES
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A Well and Spring Numbering System
APPENDIX B Surface Water Records for Laramie, Wyoming Gauging
-------
-iv-
LIST OF FIGURES
Page
FIGURE 1 STUDY AREA LOCATION MAP (Inset in Huntoon and
Lundy, 1979) 3-2
FIGURE 2 LOCATION OF LARAMIE BASIN, WYOMING AND SURROUNDING
AREA SHOWING PRINCIPAL SURFACE DRAINAGES (in Richter,
1981) 4-2
FIGURE 3 MAP SHOWING INTERMONTANE STRUCTURAL BASINS IN WYOMING
(in Richter, 1981) 4-3
FIGURE 4 AGES, LITHOLOGIES, AND THICKNESS OF THE ROCKS EXPOSED
IN THE LARAMIE BASIN, WYOMING (in Richter, 1981; Inset
in Huntoon and Lundy, 1979) 6-2
FIGURE 5 GEOLOGIC MAP OF THE LARAMIE AREA (adapted from Lowry,
et.al, 1973, in USGS Hydrologic Atlas HA-471, 1973) Map Pocket
FIGURE 6 LOCATIONS OF TECTONIC STRUCTURES, SELECTED WELLS AND
SPRINGS, AND GROUNDWATER FLOW DIRECTIONS IN THE VICINITY
OF LARAMIE-, WYOMING (in Huntoon and Lundy, 1979) 6-11
FIGURE 7 ALLUVIAL WELL LOCATIONS AND APPROXIMATE ALLUVIUM
POTENTIOMETRIC SURFACE Map Pocket
FIGURE 8 SCHEMATIC NW-SE HYDROGEOLOGIC CROSS SECTION ACROSS
LARAMIE RIVER AND TIE TREATING FACILITY Map Pocket
FIGURE 9 SELECTED WELL LOCATIONS AND APPROXIMATE POTENTIOMETRIC
SURFACE OF THE CHUGWATER FORMATION Map Pocket
FIGURE 10 OUTCROP AREA OF THE CASPER AQUIFER WITH CONTOURS SHOWING
THE ELEVATION OF TOP OF THE CASPER FORMATION WEST OF THE
OUTCROP (in Huntoon and Lundy, 1979) 7-14
FIGURE 11 CHEMICAL CHARACTER OF GROUNDWATER IN THE VICINITY OF
LARAMIE, WYOMING (in Huntoon and Lundy, 1979) 9-9
FIGURE 12 LOCATIONS OF MAJOR SPRINGS AND THE POPE WELL FIELD IN
THE VICINITY OF LARAMIE, WYOMING (in Huntoon and Lundy,
-------
-v-
LIST OF TABLES
Page
TABLE 1 LITHOLOCIC AND HYDROLOGIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MAIN
ROCK UNITS IN THE LARAMIE AREA (modified from Richter,
1981) 6-3
TABLE 2 LISTING OF PERMITTED ALLUVIAL WELLS WITHIN THE STUDY
AREA 7-2
TABLE 3 LISTING OF SELECTED WELLS WITHIN THE STUDY AREA COMPLETED
IN THE CLOVERLY, MORRISON, AND CHUGWATER FORMATIONS 7-8
TABLE 4 TRANSMISSIVITIES, HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITIES AND STORAGE
COEFFICIENTS FOR THE CASPER AQUIFER IN THE VICINITY OF
LARAMIE, WYOMING (modified from Huntoon and Lundy, 1979).. 7-16
TABLE 5 CASPER FORMATION AQUIFER TESTS (Richter, 1981) 7-18
TABLE 6 PERMITTED SURFACE WATER DIVERSIONS WITHIN THE STUDY AREA
(Wyoming State Engineer, 1982) 8-2
TABLE 7 ALLUVIAL WATER QUALITY (in Richter, 1981) 9-2
TABLE 8 PRIMARY AND SECONDARY DRINKING WATER STANDARDS
ESTABLISHED BY THE U.S. EPA, 1976 9-3
TABLE 9 SELECTED CHEMICAL ANALYSES OF WATER SAMPLES FROM THE
SATANKA SHALE AND CHUGWATER GROUP (USGS HA-471) 9-5
TABLE 10 SELECTED CHEMICAL ANALYSES OF WATER SAMPLES FROM THE
MORRISON AND CLOVERLY FORMATIONS (USGS HA-471) 9-6
TABLE 11 SELECTED CHEMICAL ANALYSES OF WATER SAMPLES FROM THE CASPER
FORMATION (USGS HA-471) '.. 9-8
TABLE 12 WATER QUALITY ANALYSES OF THE LARAMIE RIVER AT LARAMIE,
-------
1-1
1.0 INTRODUCTION
As a subcontractor to A.T. Kearney, Inc., Ertec, Inc. has been
assigned to provide program management assistance to the Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
(RCRA) implementation contract 68-01-6515.
In partial response to Work Assignment No. R-008-012, Ertec,
Inc. has performed a literature search investigation of the hydro-
geology of the Laramie, Wyoming area. The purpose of this investi-
gation is to provide the EPA with as much regional and site-specific
hydrogeologic information as possible for the area surrounding the Baxter
Tie Treating Plant located southwest of Laramie. Ertec, Inc. has
previously been involved in reviewing this facilities groundwater monitor-
ing system. However, this particular report deals only with the Tie
Treating Plant as it relates to the hydrogeologic data collected during
this investigation.
Pertinent literature was reviewed at the USGS library and Colorado
School of Mines Library in Golden, Colorado, and the University of
Wyoming geologic library and the Wyoming Geologic Survey in Laramie,
Wyoming. In addition, permitted well listings and logs were reviewed at
the State Engineers Office in Cheyenne, Wyoming. Lastly, Ertec, Inc.
personnel spoke with the Laramie City Engineer, Jim Nelson, and Univer-
sity of Wyoming professor of hydrogeology, P.W. Huntoon, in order to
obtain any additional unpublished information. Interpretations and
conclusions drawn in this report are based on an assessment of existing
hydrogeologic data, as no field work was undertaken during the course of
-------
2-1
2.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Ertec, Inc. has performed a literature search investigation of the
hydrogeology of the Laramie, Wyoming area, in order to provide EPA with
information for the area surrounding the Baxter Tie Treating Plant. The
major findings are as follows:
o The Baxter Tie Treating Facility is located just southwest of
Laramie, Wyoming. Laramie is situated in the southeast part of
the Laramie Basin, an intermontane, structural depression. The
Laramie range forms the eastern border of the basin and is
located six miles to the east of Laramie. Elevation ranges
from 7,100 feet in town to 8,800 feet in the mountains,
o Gently, westward dipping sedimentary rocks underlie the study
area. The sequence is, in descending order, alluvial deposits,
the Morrison formation, the Chugwater group, the Forelle
limestone, the Satanka shale, the Casper formation, and the
Fountain formation. Underlying the Fountain formation are
Pre-Cambrian crystalline rocks,
o Aquifers identified underlying the study area are in descending
order, the alluvium, the Morrison formation, the Chugwater
group, the Satanka shale and the Casper formation,
o Flow in the alluvium is generally towards the Laramie river,
although, it can be locally controlled by buried stream chan-
nels incised into the bedrock. During periods of high river
flow, the direction of groundwater flow in the alluvium can
reverse itself and flow away from the river. There are about
68 permitted alluvial wells in the study area; however, very
little aquifer test data is available for the alluvium. Using
a transmissivity value obtained from the one test which was
performed of 100,000 gallons per day per foot, a seepage
velocity of 26.7 feet per day was calculated for the alluvium,
o The Casper formation underlies the Tie Treating Facility at a
depth of about 1000 feet. Flow in the Casper is to the west,
down dip. Aquifer properties are primarily controlled by the
-------
2-2
The general direction of flow in the other bedrock aquifers is
also toward the west. Although they do yield some poor quality
water to wells in the area, they are generally considered
confining layers.
The city of Laramie obtains 70 percent of its municipal water
supply from the Casper formation and 30~percent from the
-------
3-1
3.0 LOCATION
The Baxter Tie Treating Plant is located just southwest of Laramie,
Wyoming, a city of approximately 26,000 people. The facility is situated
on the southeast side of the Laramie Basin, on the eastern edge of the
Laramie river floodplain, along the west flank of the Laramie range.
Except for regional discussions, this report is mainly concerned with the
area within Township 15 north, Range 73 west, Sections 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,
9, and 10; Township 15 north, Range 74 west, Sections 1 and 12; Township
16 north, Range 73 west, Sections 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, and 34; and
-------
PAGE NOT
AVAILABLE
-------
4-1
4.0 PHYSIOGRAPHIC SETTINC
Laramie, Wyoming is situated on the southeast side of the Laramie
Basin, an intermontane, north-south trending structural depression
underlain by a 12,000 foot thick section of Paleozoic, Mesozoic and
Cenozoic sediments resting on Pre-Cambrian crystalline rocks (see Figure
2). This basin is part of the Wyoming intermontane, structural basins
physiographic province, as illustrated on Figure 3.
The Laramie basin is bordered on the south by the northern end of
the Colorado front range; on the west by the Medicine Bow Mountains; and
on the north and east by the north-south trending Laramie range (the
basin is open to the northwest). The Medicine Bow Mountains present a
sharp steep mountain front, while the Laramie range is characterized by
gentle, westward (basinward) dipping paleozoic strata, with a gradient of
200 to 600 feet per mile.
The floor of the Laramie basin is a plain ranging in elevation from
7,500 feet to 6,900 feet at the northern end where the Laramie river
leaves the basin. This plain consists of broad, shallow, terraced
valleys, separated by low, flat-topped remnants of older terraces. On
the eastern side of the Laramie river are long broad mountain pediments
along the foot of the Laramie range which slope basinward. The western
side of the basin is deeply cut by intermittent streams; the eastern side
is relatively uncut. There are many ox-bow lakes located in alluvial
deposits in the basin which are fed by groundwater and surface water
runoff. These lakes often dry up in fall and winter.
The Laramie basin is primarily drained by the north-flowing Laramie
river and the Little Laramie river which flows northeast to the Laramie
river from the Medicine Bow Mountains. The Laramie river enters the
basin at Woods Landing, flows northward and passes just west of Laramie,
and exits the basin at the northeast corner through the Laramie range.
This river is a mature river and is characterized by many meanders, ox-box
-------
4-2
NATRONA _COUNT_Y
CARBON COUNTY
ALBANY COUNTY j-
CONVERSE COUNTY
r
40 Miles
t 1 1 1 1 r1
10 20 30 40 50 60 Kilometers
FIGURE 2 LOCATION OF LARAMIE BASIN, WYOMING AND SURROUNDING AREA
-------
4-3
N
BEARTOOTH
MOUNTAINS
TELIOWSTONE
PLATEAU
POWDER
RIVER
I
OENVEfl-
JULESBERG
BASIN
ScqU
30
(mi !•«)
FIGURE 3 INTERMONTANE STRUCTURAL BASINS IN WYOMING
-------
4-4
In the Laramie area, the elevation ranges from 7,100 feet in town
to 8,800 feet in the Laramie range, six miles to the east. The topo-
graphic gradient ranges from approximately 100 feet per mile east of
-------
5-1
5.0 CLIMATE
The climate of the Laramie area is cool and semi-arid, and is
characterized by westerly winds and extreme variations in temperature and
precipitation. Elevation is the primary control on local climatic
conditions. The average annual precipitation for the Laramie area is
11.3 inches, and increases with elevation up to 20 inches per year on the
mountain flanks. The mean temperature is 42.4°F, with a high of 95°F and
-------
6-1
6.0 GEOLOGY
6.1 STRATIGRAPHY
Sedimentary deposits in the Laramie area range from Pennsylvanian to
recent in age, and are summarized and described in Figure 4 and Table 1.
The geology of the area is illustrated in Figure 5 (map pocket).
6.1.1 Alluvium
Alluvial deposits along the Laramie river are of Quaternary-Recent
age, and consist predominantly of coarse sand and gravel at the upper end
of the basin to sands, silts and clays at the lower end of the basin.
The thickness of the alluvium ranges from 0 to 30 feet in the basin and
appears to average about 10 feet thick in the vicinity of the Tie Treat-
ing facility. Alluvial deposits can extend from two to three miles on
either side of the river.
6.1.2 Terrace Deposits
Terrace deposits in the Laramie basin are of Quaternary-Pleistocene
age and consist of igneous and metamorphic gravels. These deposits are
approximately 10 feet thick and are remnants of an earlier Terrace
system. Terrace deposits would not be found underlying the Baxter
facility.
6.1.3 Cloverly Formation
The Cloverly formation is of Lower Cretaceous age and consists of
three distinct units: the Dakota sandstone (caprock), the Fusion shale,
and the Lakota sandstone (basal sandstone). This formation is about 70
to 100 feet thick in the Laramie area. Based on interpolation from the
geologic map it appears that the Cloverly formation does not underly the
Tie Treating Facility; it appears to crop out west of the site.
6.1.4 Morrison Formation
The Morrison formation consists of a gray to green shale with thin
sandstone interbeds, of upper Jurassic age. It is approximately 125 to
320 feet thick in the Laramie area and is probably the first bedrock
-------
PAGE NOT
AVAILABLE
-------
TABLE 1
LITHOLOGIC AND HYDROLOGIC
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MAIN ROCK
UNITS IN THE LARAMIE AREA
(Modified from Richter, 1981)
GEOLOGIC UNIT
THICKNESS
LITHOLOGIC DESCRIPTION
HYDROLOGIC PROPERTIES
Precambrian
Complex of igneous and metamorphic
rocks. Predominantly granite,
granite gneiss, schist, hornblende,
schist, aplite and basic dikes.
Permeable along joints, fractures
and faults. Locally yields water
to shallow wells and springs along
outcrops (1-25 gpm). Water qual-
ity is good with total dissolved
solids less than 300 mg/1.
Fountain Formation
0-50 Red to pink, arkosic sandstone,
siltstone, and conglomerate.
Highly permeable where jointed,
fractured, and faulted. Fair to
good intergranular permeability.
Hydraulically connected with Casper
Formation by fractures. Yields
good quality water, with total
dissolved solids generally less
than 500 mg/1, to wells and springs
along west flank of Laramie Moun-
tains. Yields poor quality water,
with total dissolved solids greater
than 2,000 mg/1, to wells in central
-------
TABLE 1 (Continued)
GEOLOGIC UNIT
THICKNESS
LITHOLOGIC DESCRIPTION
HYDROLOGIC PROPERTIES
Casper Formation
500-700 Buff, pink to red, cross-bedded,
well cemented, quartzose to sub-
arkosic sandstone with fine to
coarse pebble conglomerates, white
to pink microcrystalline limestone
interbeds. Minor interbeds of red
to pink siltstone and shale.
Comprised of a series of permeable
sandstones and virtually imperme-
able limestones. The presence of
the limestone confining beds cre-
ates a series of interbedded con-
fined sandstone subaquifers that
are hydraulically integrated into
one aquifer system by faults and
fractures. Principal municipal and
private-domestic ground water supply
in Laramie basin. Yields good qual-
ity water to wells and springs near
recharge areas along the flanks of
Laramie and Snowy Range mountains.
Water quality deteriorates with
buried depth of unit in basin, with
total dissolved solids greater than
3,000 mg/1.
ON
•P-
Satanka Shale 200-400
Calcareous red shale, siltstone,
and gypsum. Sybille tongue or
Satanka Shale: 21 ft. thick,
fossiliferous sandstone marker
bed situated nearly midway
through Satanka Shale; pink
to buff, poorly-sorted, medium-
grain, mottled sandstone, with
scattered limey shale, limey
sandstone, and gypsum interbeds.
Generally considered a regional
confining layer. Locally, scatter-
ed permeable sandstone and frac-
tured limestone interbeds yield
minor quantities (1-15 gpm) of
-------
TABLE 1 (Continued)
GEOLOGIC UNIT
THICKNESS
LITHOLOCIC DESCRIPTION
HYDROLOGIC PROPERTIES
Forelle Limestone
9-40 Gray, hard, dense limestone, with
dart gray chert nodules; grades
locally to red shale and silt-
stone with gypsum interbeds.
Not known to yield water to wells,
Chugwater Formation 500-650
Red Peak member: alternating beds
of light green and red siltstone,
shale, and silty sandstone. Alcova
Limestone: maroon to purple, hard
limestone.
Generally considered a regional
confining layer. Basal sand-
stones are water-bearing through-
out Laramie basin; however yields
are small (less than 10 gpm) and
water quality poor, with total
dissolved solids from 1 ,000 to
2,500 mg/1.
Sundance Formation 0-200
Caynon Springs member: white to
yellow, fine-grain, limonitic
thinly-laminated friable sandstone.
Stockade-Beaver Shale: inter-
bedded, gray-green shale, lime-
stone, and fine-grain, poorly-
cemented sandstone. Hulett member:
white to green, fine-grain
limey sandstone. Lak member:
orange-red, fine-grain, limey
sandstone, with red to maroon,
Large intergranular porosity and
permeability in basal sandstones.
Upper sands are well-cemented and
have low permeabilities. Artesian
conditions are reported in basal
sandstones with sufficient heads
to produce flows of 1-50 gpm. Unit
is an important petroleum reserve.
Water quality is variable. Selected
springs near Medicine Bow, WY. dis-
-------
TABLE 1 (Continued)
GEOLOGIC UNIT THICKNESS
LITHOLOGIC DESCRIPTION
silty, calcareous shale and silt-
stone interbeds. Redwater Shale:
lenticular, cross-bedded, glauco-
nitic sandstone with sandy coquina
limestone interbeds; grades upward
to dark green to gray-black glau-
conitic calcareous shales and
claystone.
HYDROLOGIC PROPERTIES
solids less than 500 mg/1 , where-
as water from selected deep basin
test wells contain total dissolved
solids exceeding 3,000 mg/1.
Morrison Formation
125-320 Lower: discontinuous beds of red-
brown to dark gray, sandy muds tone,
and gray to green cross-bedded,
fine-grain sandstone and silt-
stone. Middle: alternating thin
beds of marlstone and variegated
mudstone; local scattered sand-
stone interbeds. Upper: red,
gray, and black bentonitic mud-
stone, with scattered lenses
of fine-grain sandstone and
fine-crystalline limestone.
Generally not considered an
aquifer, although locally some
saturated discontinuous basal
sandstone lenses have been en-,
countered. Reported yields are
less than 5 gpm, and water qual-
ity poor with total dissolved
solids greater than 5,000 mg/1.
Unit is generally considered a
confining layer.
-------
TABLE 1 (Continued)
GEOLOGIC UNIT
THICKNESS
LITHOLOGIC DESCRIPTION
HYDROLOGIC PROPERTIES
Cloverly Formation
70-100 Lakota member: light gray, poorly-
sorted basal conglomerate grading
locally to well-sorted, fine- to
medium-grained sandstone. Fuson
Shale: greenish-gray siltstone,
claystone, and fine-grain sand-
stone interbeds. Dakota member:
buff, gray, and brown, arenaceous,
well-sorted, fine- to medium-
grain sandstone.
Considered a major aquifer in the
Laramie, Hanna and Shirley basins.
Intergranular porosity and perm-
eability is good. Permeabilities
are large in tectonically deform-
ed areas. Ground water has been
encountered under artesian con-
ditions with sufficient heads
to produce flows of 1-150 gpm in
petroleum tests and water wells.
Water qualities are highly vari-
able with total dissolved solids
-------
6-8
ation apparently does not crop out in the vicinity of the facility as it
is covered by alluvium: however, the formation does crop out west of the
study area.
6.1.5 Sundance Formation
The Sundance formation is also of upper Jurassic age and consists of
a yellow-brown, poorly sorted, well rounded, fine to coarse grained sand-
stone. This formation is 0 to 200 feet thick and is extremely limited in
areal extent. As the Sundance appears to be absent in the study area on
the geologic map, it probably does not underly the Morrison formation in
the vicinity of the study area.
6.1.6 Jelm Formation
The Jelm formation is of upper Triassic age, and is a red and white
sandstone with red, sandy shale and siltstone interbeds. This formation
is 60 to 240 feet thick; however, it only occurs in the western part of
the Laramie basin.
6.1.7 Chugwater Group
The Chugwater group consists of red shale and siltstone with sand-
stone interbeds and gypsum deposits of Triassic and Permian age. It is
approximately 500 to 650 feet thick and crops out in the eastern part of
the study area and underlies the Morrison formation in the western part
of the study area. The north-south trending Morrison/Chugwater contact
may occur at or near the Baxter facility.
6.1.8 Forelle Limestone
The Chugwater formation is underlain by the Permian Forelle lime-
stone, a purple limestone interbedded with red shales and siltstones.
This formation is 9 to 40 feet thick in the Laramie area. It crops
out east of the study area and forms a discontinuous hogback ridge one
mile west of Laramie.
6.1.9 Satanka Shale
The Permian Satanka shale underlies the Forelle limestone. This
-------
6-9
interval of fine white sandstone located towards the middle of the unit.
The Satanka crops out in the lowland east of the hogback formed by the
Forelle limstone. The Forelle limestone and the Satanka shale regionally
comprise what is known as the Goose egg formation.
6.1.10 Casper Formation
Underlying the Satanka shale is the Casper formation of Permian and
Pennsy1vanian age. This unit consists of interbedded limestones, medium
grained sandstones, siltstones and shales. The formation is 700 feet
thick in the Laramie area, and it crops out east of the study area,
comprising the western flanks of the Laramie range.
6.1.11 Fountain Formation
The Casper formation underlies the Pennsylvanian Fountain formation.
This formation consists of arkosic sandstones and conglomerates and is 0
to 50 feet thick on the east side of the Laramie basin.
6.1.12 Pre-Cambrian
Pre-Cambrian granites, gneisses, and schists underly the study area
at great depths, and cropout to the east in the Laramie range.
6.1.13 Site-Specific Stratigraphic Summary
In summary, the main sedimentrv units underlying the study area in
descending order are as follows: alluvial deposits, the Morrison forma-
tion, the Chugwater group, the Forelle limestone, the Satanka shale, the
Casper formation, and the Fountain formation.
6.2 STRUCTURE
The Laramie basin is a broad, north-south trending, north plunging
syncline, which has gently dipping eastern slopes (4 to 6°) and steeply
dipping western slopes. In general, the compressional forces of the
Laramide orogeny caused the basins tectonic fabric. The eastern limb of
-------
6-10
trending east-west, or perpendicular to the basin strike, and steeply
dipping (greater than 60°) monoclines striking north-south. The west
flank of the Laramie basin syncline is characterized by a segmented
overthrust zone, with the direction of thrust to the east. This struc-
ture is further complicated by a series of east-northeast trending
basement controlled shear zones and several southwest plunging anti-
clines .
In the Laramie area, the bedrock dips gently to the west, towards
the basin axis at 4 to 6°. Local tectonic structures are illustrated in
Figure 6. They include high angle normal faults with up to 400 feet of
displacement; monoclines with structural offsets up to 600 feet (the
monoclines overlie high angle reverse faults in the basement rock); and
gently folded anticlines and synclines. Of local importance is the
east-west trending City Springs Anticline located in Township 15 north,
Range 73 west, Section 1. This structure is characterized by steeply
dipping, south flanks and gently dipping north flanks. Springs issue
at the nose of the anticline from the Casper formation. The flow is
quite large, as a result of secondary porosity due to the faulting and
fracturing.
6.3 HYDROSTRATIGRAPHY
In general, a good aquifer is identified on the basis of produc-
tivity, areal extent, reliability and development potential. In the
study area, further criteria include (1) the presence of fractures caused
by faulting and folding and (2) the presence of sedimentary structures
such as units of well sorted sandstones within a formation or highly
cross bedded zones with a permeability parallel to the bedding.
The most frequently used water-bearing units identified in the study
area are the alluvial system, an unconfined aquifer, and the Casper
formation, a confined aquifer which serves as the principal municipal and
-------
6-11
R73WIR72W
N
Casper-Satanka Contact
Casper Outcrops To Right
Fault, D-Downthrown Side
U-Upthrown Side
-I 1—
Monocline, Arrows Show
Direction Of Dip
4—I-
Anticline
c>
Ground Water Flow Directions
In Unfractured Zones
Ground Water Flaw Directions
Along Tectonic Structures
Areas With Excellent Ground
Water Development Potential,
See Table 2
Spring
0
2 Miles
_i
R73WIR72W
FIGURE 6 LOCATIONS OF TECTONIC STRUCTURES, SELECTED WELLS AND SPRINGS,
AND GROUND "WATER FLOW DIRECTIONS IN THE VICINITY OF LARAMIE,
-------
6-12
Other aquifers underlying Che study area are the Cloverly, Morrison,
and Sundance formations, the Chugwater group, and the Satanka shale.
Pre-Cambrian rocks may yield some water from weathered contact
zones. Also "stray sands"; i.e., saturated, permeable channel sands and
sand lenses, may act as discontinuous, unconfined systems supplying water
to wells. These aquifers (not including Pre-Cambrian rocks and "stray
sands") are discussed in detail in Section 7.0.
The other sedimentry units discussed in Section 6.1 are not aquifers.
Terrace deposits do not contain extensive zones of saturation because of
the elevated position of the deposits. It is possible that these depos-
its may yield water in spring after being recharged by snow-melt runoff;
however, there are no known wells completed in them. The Forelle Lime-
-------
7-1
7.0 AQUIFERS
7.1 THE ALLUVIAL SYSTEM
As previously mentioned, the alluvium in the study area consists of
poorly sorted sands, gravels, silts and clays and is approximately 10
feet thick underlying the Baxter Tie Treating facility. The alluvial
system is an unconfined aquifer that is recharged by precipitation, the
Laramie river (during periods of high flow) and irrigation return
flow. In general, the direction of flow in the alluvium is toward the
river. However, flow direction can be locally controlled by the under-
lying bedrock surface, where flow may preferentially follow buried
incised channels and lenses of very permeable gravel. Also, during
periods of high flow in the Laramie river (spring) the general direction
of flow in the alluvium can reverse and flow away from the river.
Permitted alluvial wells in the study are are tabulated in Table 2,
and are located on Figure 7 (map pocket). A cross sectional view is
illustrated in Figure 8 (map pocket)(the well and spring numbering system
is presented in Appendix A). Based on an inspection of well depths,
screened intervals and some well logs, it appears that there are about 68
permitted alluvial wells in the study area. However, it should be noted
that there may be many, additional, non-permitted alluvial wells in the
vicinity. Also, the State Engineers Listing was complete only through
November 1981.
The average alluvial well depth is 22 feet. Depths to water range
from 3 to 20 feet, generally decreasing closer to the river. Yields
range from 1 to 167 gallons per minute (gpm) , and most are used for
domestic purposes, with some used for stock watering. Saturated thick-
ness is generally greatest closest to the river; but there are many
exceptions due to the lack of accurate well logs and completion details.
Figure 7 also illustrates the alluvial potentiometric surface in the
study area based on the static water level information tabulated in Table
2. This may be an inaccurate interpretation as it is based on only one
-------
PAGE NOT
AVAILABLE
-------
7-6
nished in the State Engineers Listing. However, it does appear that
groundwater flow in the alluvium is toward the Laramie river.
Very little information is available on alluvial aquifer charac-
teristics. One known pumping test was performed in the Laramie river
alluvium by the Laramie City Engineers Office. The testing was performed
at a location 18 miles up stream from Laramie, in Township 14 north,
Range 76 west, Section 31 cb, in order to assess the potential of the
alluvium as a future water source for the city of Laramie. The City
installed 3, 35-foot deep observation wells around the existing 29 foot
deep, 18-inch diameter Everett Johnson well, which was used as the
pumping well. The well was pumped 72 hours at 550 gpm for the first 100
minutes and 446 gpm for the remainder of the test. Pumping test records
indicate that after 72 hours, all the water was being pumped from the
river.
Transmissivities calculated by the Jacob and Theis methods ranged
from 159,000 to 212,000 gallons per day per foot (gpd/ft); and hydraulic
conductivities from 3,000 to 3,300 gallons per day per foot squared
2
(gpd/ft ). The storage coefficient ranged from 0.02 to 0.35. Trans-
missivities are probably lower near Laramie, as the alluvial composition
has a higher silt and clay content than in upstream alluvial deposits.
Also, transmissivities throughout the alluvium will be highly variable
due to the varying composition of the deposits.
Assuming a transmissivity of 100,000 to 150,000 gpd/ft and a satu-
rated thickness of 10 feet, the alluvial hydraulic conductivity is
calculated as follows:
T = kb where T = transmissivity
k = hydraulic conductivity
b = saturated thickness
-------
7-7
k = 100,000 gpd/ft2
7 .48 gallons/ft^
k = 150,000 gpd/ft2
7 .48 gallons/ft"*
10 feet = 1,337 feet per day
10 feet = 2,005 feet per day
Hydraulic conductivity results range from 1,337 to 2,005 feet per day.
Assuming a porosity of 0.3 (Bouwer, 1978) and an average gradient of
0.006, seepage velocity can be calculated as follows:
Ic X
V = where V = seepage velocity
n
k = hydraulic conductivity
i = hydraulic gradient
n = porosity
easel; V ¦ (1'337 E«tAUy)(0 .006) . 26.7 feet/day
Case 2: V = (2'005 /day)(0.006) , 40.1 feet/day
Seepage velocity results range from 26.7 to 40.1 feet per day for allu-
vial materials in the Laramie area.
7.2 BEDROCK AQUIFERS
In general, the bedrock aquifers are recharged primarily by direct
infiltration to outcrops and less importantly, by downward seepage from
alluvial deposits (when a unit is directly overlain by alluvium). The
general direction of flow is west, down dip, toward the Laramie basin
axis. A tabulation of selected wells within the study area completed in
the Cloverly and Morrison formations and the Chugwater group is presented
on Table 3, and wells are located on Figure 9 (map pocket). This table
is based on the geologic map, known screened intervals, and assumed
thicknesses of units. The well listing and available well logs provided
-------
PAGE NOT
AVAILABLE
-------
7-11
which each well was completed. Thus, it is possible that the placement
of certain wells in certain aquifer categories may be erroneous. Also,
it appears that there are about 200 additional wells in the study area;
however, completion interval data was lacking.
7.2.1 The Cloverly Formation
As previously mentioned the Cloverly formation is 70 to 100 feet
thick in the Laramie area, and consists of 3 units, the Dakota sandstone,
the Fusion shale, and the Lakota sandstone, which can be hydraulically
connected by fractures. Both sandstone units are confined aquifers which
generally only yield water to stock wells in the western Laramie area
(although, the Cloverly has been identified as a principal aquifer for
the entire Laramie Basin). The transmissivity of the Dakota sandstone
ranges from 10 to 20 gpd/ft and the hydraulic conductivity ranges from
2
0.3 to 2 gpd/ft . The transmissivity of the more productive Lakota
sandstone ranges from 5 to 1,500 gpd/ft, and the hydraulic conductivity
ranges from 1 to 15 gpd/ft . The Lakota sandstone can yield 1 to 150
gpm to wells, which are sometimes under artesian conditions. However,
the average yield for the entire Cloverly formation is 5 to 10 gpm, with
a maximum average yield of 50 gpm.
Based on Table 3, it appears that well yields range from 2 to 25 gpm
in the study area, and uses are mostly domestic.
7.2.2 The Morrison Formation
Although the Morrison formation has been identified as a regional
leaky confining layer, it does yield confined water to some wells in west
Laramie from a basal sandstone unit. Well yields usually average 5 to 10
gpm; however, based on Table 3, it appears that study area well yields
from the Morrison aquifer range from 4.5 to 100 gpm. This water is
mostly used for domestic purposes.
7.2.3 The Sundance Formation
The Sundance formation is a productive aquifer, but limited in areal
-------
7-12
7.2.4 The Chugwater Group
Although the Chugwater group has been identified as a regional,
leaky confining layer, it does yield confined water to wells primarily
used for lawn irrigation in the city of Laramie, and to stock wells north
and south of the city. Well yields range from 5 to 15 gpm, but can be as
high as 1,000 gpm in fractured zones. Based on Table 3, it appears that
Chugwater wells in the study area yield from 2 to 60 gpm, and are used
for both domestic, stock, and irrigation purposes. Figure 10 also
illustrates part of the potentiometric surface of the Chugwater aquifer.
It appears that groundwater is flowing in a west-northwesterly direction.
7.2.5 The Satanka Shale
This unit yields water to stock and domestic wells in the eastern
part of the Laramie area from the interval of fine white sandstone
discussed in Section 6.1.9. Well yields are generally less than 10 gpm,
but can be as high as 30 gpm. However, this unit is generally considered
to be a confining unit.
7.2.6 The Casper Formation
The Casper formation, which consists of interbedded impermeable
limestones and very permeable sandstones crops out east of the study area
on the west flank of the Laramie range, dips below land surface one-half
mile east of town, and underlies the study area at a depth of approxi-
mately 1000 feet. It is the principal municipal and private groundwater
supply in the Laramie area yielding confined water to wells (which are
often artesian) and discharge to springs at yields of 1 to 1,000 gpm.
Based on the Wyoming State Engineers Office listing of permitted wells,
it appears that many wells in and east of the study area are completed in
this unit.
The Casper formation can be divided into two distinct upper and
lower units. The upper unit is about 260 feet thick and consists of
white, buff, and pink, fine to medium grained, highly permeable sand-
stones interbedded with six major limestone beds. The limestone units are
massive, relatively impermeable and cream to pink in color. The sand-
-------
7-13
feet thick, with the total limestone thickness being 81 feet in the
Laramie area. The presence of the limestone beds creates a series of
confined sandstone subaquifers which are hydraulically connected by
several faults. The sandstone units exhibit a high interstitial porosity
(average = 0.22). Thickness of the limestone beds increases northward in
the Laramie basin, thus, the southern area of the basin is characterized
by higher yields due to the greater thickness of the sandy facies. It is
this upper unit that yields large volumes of water to wells and dis-
charges water to springs.
The lower unit consists of shaly sandstone, siltstone, shale and
some interbedded limestone and sandstone. Well yields range from 4 to 10
gpm.
The Casper formation is recharged primarily by direct precipitation
along outcrops in an area 79 miles square east of Laramie, and also by
streams flowing over outcrops. Recharge to the Casper occurs mainly in
March and April when precipitation is greater than average and the ground
has thawed. The average recharge rate to the Casper is 1.4 inches per
year which is about 10 percent of annual precipitation.
Groundwater in the Casper formation is unconfined in the outcrop
area, and confined by the Satanka shale, once the unit dips below land
surface. Direction of flow is primarily toward the west, down dip
(Figure 10); however, this westward flow is often diverted and circulated
to springs where faults and fractures exist along fold areas, resulting
in a high secondary porosity. The hydraulic gradient of this unit
decreases from 400 feet per mile where it is unconfined, to 25 feet per
mile where it is confined by the Satanka shale. This change in gradient
is due to a loss of water through springs and wells near the contact
and an increase in saturated thickness to the west, as the aquifer
becomes confined. Vertical movement is primarily upward as the formation
is under highly artesian (confined) conditions.
The
clines.
mining t
Casper formation is intensely fractured along faults
These tectonic structures play a very important role
he hydraulic properties and secondary porosity of t
and mono-
in deter-
-------
7-14
R. 73 W.
R. 72 W.
N
znnn-^ LINE 0F EQUAL elevation of the top of
-bvuu THE CASPER formation in the subsurface
(ft. abv. m s.l )
r.'-V-V'-'V: OUTCROP AREA OF THE CASPER AQUIFER
FIGURE 10
OUTCROP AREA OF THE CASPER AQUIFER, WITH CONTOURS SHOWING
THE ELEVATION OF THE TOP OF THE CASPER FORMATION WEST OF
-------
7-15
aquifer. Hydraulic conductivity and transmissivity values are three
orders of magnitude greater in faulted and folded areas than in unfrac-
tured areas (see Table 4). Unfractured Casper formation transmis-
2
sivities range from 18 to 186 square feet per day (Ft /day), while
2
fractured area transmissivities range from 14,000 to 21,000 ft /day.
The increase in fracture permeabilities extends several tens of feet on
either side of structures. Unfractured aquifer well yields range from 50
to 200 gpm; fractured aquifer yields can be as high as 1,000 gpm.
Fractures associated with faults and monoclines have a much greater
effect on increasing transmissivity values than fractures associated with
gently folded anticlines.
The mechanisms by which faults in the Pre-Cambrian basement rocks
have propagated upwards are of major importance to transmissivity dis-
tributions and vertical circulation within the aquifer. The Casper
formation is in between a brittle crystalline basement complex and a
thick tectonically incompetent section of overlying red beds and shales.
Normal and reverse faulting in the basement complex has fractured the
brittle units (crystalline rocks, limestones) and folded the elastics
(sandstones, shales).
The limestones within the Casper formation, as well as the overlying
Forelle limestone tend to fracture, whereas the Casper sandstone units,
and overlying Satanka and Chugwater elastics deform by folding and
jointing. Faulting merges upward into folds, thus, faults usually
die out below the Forelle limestone because the incompetent members of
the Casper unit have absorbed the deformation. This means that the
sandstone subaquifers within the Casper are hydraulically connected by
the vertical continuity of fractures, but, since the fractures pinch out
upward, circulation is confined to that formation only. Only the Laramie
and Sherman Hill faults have propagated upwards into the Chugwater group,
thus providing a mechanism for upward leakage into a different forma-
tion. Although fracture zones account for the highest transmissivity
values, the most water in storage occurs in sandstone units in unfrac-
-------
TABLE 4
HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITIES AND
STORAGE
AQUIFER IN THE VICINITY OF LARAMIE, WYOMING
i From Huntoon and Lundy, 1979)
Storage Transmiss.
Coeff. (ft /day)
Hydraulic
Conduct.
(ft/day)
Test Method
Source of Data
stones with intergranular and
limited joint permeability
80
1.3
specific capacity
State Engineer (various)
130
2.6
specific capacity
State Engineer (various)
18
0.10
Jacob solution
Dana (1969)
50
0.13
Van Everdingen sol.
Evers (1973)
57
1.5
Jacob recovery sol.
Lundy (1978)
186
0.32
closed contour
Lundy (1978)
130
0.21
Jacob solution
Davis (1976)
ilts where rocks have significant .ioint and
fracture permeability
0.001 18,000
28
Theim solution
Morgan (1946)
14,000
22
specific capacity
Goodrich (1942)
0.0005 21,000
33
Theis solution
Banner Assoc.(1978)
0.001
20,000
29
Theis solution
Banner Assoc.(1978)
•; total thickness of Casper aquifer in faulted areas,
-------
7-17
3
ft . Where the Casper is unfractured, it appears that each sandstone
unit acts as a confined aquifer, separated by impermeable limestone
units, since wells completed in the different sandstone members exhibit
confining conditions (head differences across the limestone beds).
Additional Casper aquifer testing data are listed in Table 5.
• • • 2 5
Transmissivitles range from 10 to 10 gpd/ft.
Many major springs issue from the Casper formation east of Laramie
along the flanks of the Laramie range where the Casper-Satanka contact is
exposed, or on/or near fractures associated with faults and folds.
City and Soldier springs discharge 2.4 and 2.3 cubic feet per second
(cfs) respectively and Simpson springs discharges 0.4 cfs (these springs
are discussed in more detail in Section 10). Valleys and canyons eroded
along structures provide a topographically low position relative to the
Casper outcrops, thus providing an outlet for discharge by springs.
Total discharge from the Casper formation in the Laramie area is
estimated to be 5.27 million gallons per day (mgd). 75 percent of that
is beneficially used; of that 75 percent, 65 percent is used for munici-
pal purposes. 1.4 mgd of the total discharge by the Casper aquifer is
lost to undeveloped Spring creek and Simpson springs; aquifer underflow;
and, uncontrolled flowing wells. The city of Laramie has estimated a
safe yield figure of 3.5 mgd for the Casper aquifer, from City and
-------
Source
WeL1 Name or Owner
Locac ion
Test
Date
DuratIon
(hrs)
Satu-
rated
Thick-
ness
(ft)
Yield
(gpm)
Drawdown
(ft)
Specific
Capacity
tydraulic
Conduc-
tivity
(ft/dy)
Trans-
missivicy
(KPd/ft)
Permea-
bility
(gpd/ft )
Storage
Coef-
flclent
Data Source
Huntoon fl
5-73-ldb
12-22-76
11
38
a
12.6
.6
1.5
4.3xl02
10
N.A.
Lundy (1978)
Rice
12-17-69
3
N.A.
20
5
4
N.A.
l.OxlO3
N.A.
N.A.
Wyo. St. Engineer
(various)
Anders fl
5-73-1
5-23-69
8
N.A.
11
.5
22
N.A.
4.4xl04
N.A.
N.A.
Wyo. Sc. Engineer
(various)
Rob i son If 1
5-73-1
7-15-71
2
N.A.
20
100
.5
N.A.
l.OxlO3
N.A.
N.A.
Wyo. St. Engineer
(various)
Knight
5-73-1
3-10-71
2
N.A.
10
150
.1
N.A.
2.0x10"
N.A.
N.A.
Wyo. lit. Engineer
(varlous)
August in if 1
5-73-1
8-31-71
2
N.A.
12
.5
22
N.A.
4.4xl04
N.A.
N.A.
Wyo. St. Engineer
(various)
(.MP III
5-73-1
5-25-71
.5
N.A.
400
2.5
160
N.A.
3.2xl05
N.A.
N.A.
Wyo. St. Engineer
(viriuus)
Waters #1
5-73-1
9-20-71
2
N.A.
25
135
.2
N.A.
4.0x10"
N.A.
N.A.
l.yo. Si. Engino-r
(variols)
Lnilslvy 11
5-73-1
7- 1-71
2
N.A.
256
1
256
N.A.
S.lxlO5
N.A.
N.A.
Wyo. St. Engineer
(various)
"r.iicd Pentecostal 11
5-7 3-1
2- 9-72
1
N.A.
15
1
15
N.A.
3.0x10*
N.A.
N.A.
Wyo. St. Engineer
(various)
bradshaw 111
5-73-1
7- 1-64
N.A.
N.A.
50
1
50
N.A.
l.OxlO5
N.A.
N.A.
Wyo. St. Engineer
(various)
Miry Etta #1
5-73-1
5-20-63
2
N.A.
20
10
2
N.A.
4.0xl03
N.A.
N.A.
Wyo. St. Engineer
(various)
Df .iz In 02
5-73-1
6-21-71
2
N.A.
20
140
.2
N.A.
4.0x10*
N.A.
N.A.
Wyo. St. Engineer
(various)
Spiegelberg fl
5-73-1
5-16-75
i
N.A.
30
6
5
N.A.
l.OxlO4
N.A.
N.A.
Wyo. Sc. Engineer
(various)
Johnson fl
5-73-1
6- 8-75
2
N.A.
25
20
1.3
N.A.
2.6xl03
N.A.
N.A.
Wyo. St. Engineer
(various)
Rector #1
11-30-75
N.A.
N.A.
30
62
.5
N.A.
l.OxlO3
N.A.
N.A.
Wyo. St. Engineer
(various)
N. A. = NOT AVAILABLE
TABLE
5
CASPER
FORMATION AQUIFER TESTS (Richter, 1981)
-------
Source
Uell Name or Owner
Locat
Cockran J1
Enl Scahl #1
Neely #1
Bock 11
C.unn 1
Fulton Water #336
Denzln II
Uyatts #1
McCraw #1
Mc'iraw 02
Ua-ibean #1
Sucharda II
S.;ay VI
Richard #1
Turcato #1
LebeJa #1
Dunl.iy CI
Turner t1
Turner t2
15-73-
15-73-
15-73-
l'j-73-
15-73-
15-73-
15-73-
15-73-
15-73-
15-73-
15-73-
15-73-
15-73-
15-73-
15-73-
15-73-
15-73-
15-73-
15-73-
Test
Dace
Satu-
rated
Thick-
Duration ness
Hydraulic
Conduc- Trans-
Yield Drawdown Specific tivlty misslvity
(gpm) (ft) Capacity (ft/dv) (gpd/ft)
Pennea-
blllcy
(gpd/ft )
Coef-
flclent
Data Source
ab
ba
6- 1-60
5- 4-77
11-10-77
3-15-76
7- 1-72
9- 3-72
2-26-68
3-23-71
10- 2-76
9- 3-76
7-20-74
6-28-73
2- 5-74
3-24-74
2- 2-76
6- 1-76
6-29-77
6-28-77
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
650
650
30
25
4.5
15
10
20
25
20
9
15
IS
30
10
20
25
20
25
1500
1500
15
20
30
20
.5
10
.5
30
30
25
120
20
10
165
20
20
20
14.80
N.A.
2
1.3
.2
.8
20
2
50
1.
1.
10
N.A
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
17
28
4.0x10
2.6x10
4.0x10
1.6x10
4.0x10
4.0x10
1.0x10
1.4x10
6.0x10
1.2x10
2.0x10
3.0x10
2-OxlO3
2.0x10
2.6x10
2.0x10
2.6x10
1.7x10
1.6x10
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
50
90
N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer
(various)
N.A. Uyo. St. Engineer
(various)
N.A. Uyo. St. Engineer
(various)
N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer
(various)
N.A. Uyo. St. Engineer
(various)
N.A. Uyo. St. Engineer
(var ious)
N.A. Uyo. St. Engineer
(var ious)
N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer
(various)
N.A. Uyo. St. Engineer
(varIous)
N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer
(var ious)
N.A. Uyo. St. Engineer
(various)
N.A. Uyo. St. Engineer
(various)
N.A. Uyo'. St. Engineer
(various)
N.A. Uyo. St. Engineer
(various)
N.A. Uyo. St. Engineer
(various)
N.A. Uyo. Sc. Engineer
(various)
N.A. Uyo. St. Engineer
(various)
.0001 Nelson (1976)
.0005 Uester (1980)
N.A. = NOT AVAILABLE
-------
Sou rcc
Well Nome t>r Owner
Locac lon')
Test
Date
DuratIon
(hrs)
Satu-
rated
Thick-
ness
(ft)
Yield Drawdown Specific
(cpm) (ft) Capacity
Hydraulic
Conduc-
tivity
(ft/dy)
Trans-
mlsslvlty
(Rpd/ft)
Perme-
abllitv
(gpd/fC )
Coefficlent
Data Source
.1. 0. Arp
15-73-12
12-01-69
3
41
20
5
4
26
fl.OxlO3
195
N.A.
Ferguson (1972)
R. Si:i 11 h
15-73-12
2-01-66
1.5
45
35
10
3.5
21
7.0xl03
155
N.A.
Ferguson (1972)
Pope i'2
15-73-14da
N.A.
N.A.
700
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
23
1.6xl05
230
.001
Wester (1980)
NonollLh Hi
15—7 3—17dc
N.A.
N.A.
575
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
.32
1.4xl02
1
N.A.
Lundy (1978)
Monolitli 02
15-73-1 7
-------
8-1
8.0 SURFACE WATER
The Laramie river flows north, just west of the Baxter Tie Treating
Facility. It is a meandering river characteristic of late maturity, and
has a hydraulic gradient of 9.7 feet per mile. Contributing drainage
area for the Laramie gauging station is 920 square miles. Mean annual
average discharge is 96.9 cfs. Discharges have ranged from 25.4 to 223
cfs, with a reported maximum of 3250 cfs, and a minimum range of 0.8 to
10 cfs. Discharge records for the Laramie gauging station are illus-
trated in Appendix B. A listing of permitted surface water diversions in
the study area is presented in Table 6; however, the listing does not
include permitted discharges. Also, there may be additional permits in
existance as the Wyoming State Engineers Office listing was only complete
through November 1981.
The Laramie river is characterized by alternate losing and gaining
reaches. Losing reaches are a result of the river crossing permeable
zones that have lower potentiometric head. The lower potentiometric head
in the alluvium can be due to either a high flow in the river, or the
-------
TABLE 6
PERMITTED SURFACE WATER DIVERSIONS WITHIN THE STUDY AREA
(Wyoming State Engineer, 1982)
Township
Range
Sect ion
Permit No.
Stream
Ditch
Applicant
15N
73W
3
16998
Springs
Spring
Union Realty Co.
15N
73W
3
17161
N. Fk. South Spring Cr.
Overland No. 1
Union Realty Co.
15N
73W
3
17162
S. Fk. South Spring Cr.
Overland No. 2
Union Realty Co.
15N
73W
4
11866
Springs
Park Pipe Line
City of Laramie
15N
73W
4
9370
Soldier Creek
Transmission P.L.
City of Laramie
15N
73W
5
5547
Laramie River
U.P. Railroad Co.
15N
73W
5
2285
Laramie River
Laramie Ice Ponds
U.P.R.R.Co.
15N
73W
6
214 38
Highway Drain Ditch
Easter ling
Mrs. W.F. Easterling
15N
74W
1
18236
Drainage Ditch
Perkins
J.D. & S.D. Perkins
16N
73W
27
21866
Coughlin Spring
Coughlin
CBR Company
16N
73W
29
15692
Laramie River
Intake No. 1
Midwest Ref. Co.
16N
73W
30
189
Big Laramie River
R. E. Fitch's
Robert E. Fitch
16N
73W
30
1158
Stk. Erickson's Creek
J.A. Erickson Stk.
Pit No. 1
John A. Erickson
16N
73W
32
16310
Laramie River
Pipe Line
Intermountain Ry.
Light & Power Co.
16N
73W
34
3105
City Springs
City Brook
Springs Brook Land Co.
16N
74W
25
18155
Spring Draw
25 Outlet
Mr. & Mrs. Otto Kruege
Q H o 1
16N
74W
25
4483
Spring Draw
Twenty-four
fci L . a i .
Mr. & Mrs. Otto Kruege
-------
9-1
9.0 WATER QUALITY
9.1. GROUNDWATER QUALITY
9.1.1 Alluvium
The alluvial system is generally characterized by good quality
water, low in Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) . Table 7 is a listing of
selected alluvial water quality analyses for samples collected outside
the study area. However, it is probable that alluvial waters in the
study area exhibit similar characteristics. Table 8 lists U.S. EPA
primary and secondary drinking water standards.
9.1.2 Chemical Character of Bedrock Aquifers
Water from the Satanka Shale and the Chugwater group can be classi-
fied as a calcium-magnesium-sulfate type, with TDS values ranging from
200 to 3000 mg/liter. The chemical character of these waters is con-
trolled by the dissolution of gypsum, anhydrite, calcite, and dolomite.
Water from these formations is generally considered to be of poor qual-
ity. Table 9 lists some selected chemical analyses for waters from the
Satanka shale and Chugwater group.
Water from the Morrison and Cloverly formations is generally
considered poor quality water due to high TDS values (up to 4,000 mg/
liter), although the Cloverly formation can yield water with TDS as low
as 100 mg/liter. Water from these formations is classified as a sodium-
bicarbonate or sodium-sulfate type. Table 10 lists some selected
analyses for waters sampled from these formations.
9.1.2.1 The Casper Formation
The chemical character of Casper formation water is controlled by
the presence of calcite and dolomite. Thus, water from the Casper
formation aquifer is generally characterized as a calcium-bicarbonate
type, with TDS usually less than 500 milligrams per liter (mg/liter).
More specifically, in the out crop area east of Laramie, Casper water is
-------
TABLE 7
ALLUVIAL WATER QUALITY3
(in Richter, 1981)
Na+ K+ HC03
7.7 4 123
49 2.8 340
30 1.8 217
36 18 254
12 7.1 281
?5 2.8 362
>9 13 330
19 2.8 235
CI F NO"
7 .1 5.4 .01
21 .6 TrC .07
9 .3 .8 .05
20 2 5.1 N.A.
3 .3 .6 .1
5.5 .3 .6 Tr
25 .3 5.9 Tr
15 .5 .8 .05
so A
4
24
200
54
201
82
108
198
91
Total
Dissolved
S10^ Solids
18 185
20 659
16 322
25 487
19 386
18 476
23 638
20 394
Hardness Lab
(CaC03) pH
117 7.1
425 7.4
184 7.3
361 7.6
284 8.3
360 7.3
401 7.4
242 8.5
Specific*3
Conduct.
281
916
454
689
572
720
899
-------
9-3
TABLE 8
Primary and Secondary drinking water standards established
by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (1976) (in Richter.
1981)
Const ituent
Arsenic
Barium
Cadmium
Chlor ide
Chromi um
Coliform Bacteria
Color
Copper
Corros ivity
Fluoride
Primary Drinkinc
Water Standard 3
0.05
1.
0.01
0.05
1 colony/100 ml
(b)
2.0
(d)
Secondary Drinking
Water Standard 3
250
15 color units
i' • (c)
Noncorrosive
Foaming Agents
Iron
Lead
Manganes e
Mercury
Nitrate (as N)
Odor
Organic Chemicals
2.4-D
2.4,5-TP
0.05
0.002
10.
Herbicides
0.1
0.01
0.5
0.3
0.05
3 threshold odor units
Organic Chemicals
Endrin
Lindane
Methoxychlor
Toxaphene
pH
Radioactivity (e)
Ra-226 + Ra-228
Gross Alpha Activity
Tritium
Sr-90
Pesticides
0.0002
0.004
0.1
0.005
5 pCi/1
15 pCi/1
20,000 pCi/1
8 pCi/1
6.5-8.5 units
Selenium
Silver
Sodium
Sulfate
Total Dissolved Solids
Turbidity
Zinc
0.01
0.05
1 turbidity unit
(?)
(f)
250
500
-------
9-4
TABLE 8
(CONTINUED)
(a) All concentration in mg/1 unless otherwise noted.
(b) The standard is a monthly arithmetic mean. A concentration of 4
colonies/100 ml is allowed in one sample per month if less than 20
samples are analyzed or in 20 percent of the samples per month if
more than 20 samples are analyzed.
(c) The corrosion index is to be chosen by the State.
(d) The fluoride standard is temperature-dependent. The standard
applies to locations where the annual average of the maximum
daily air temperature is 58.4°F to 63.8°F.
(e) The standard includes radiation from Ra-226 but not radon or uranium.
(f) No standard has been set, but monitoring of sodium is recommended.
(g) Up to five turbidity units may be allowed if the supplier of water
can demonstrate to the State that higher turbidities do not inter-
fere with disinfection.
-------
PAGE NOT
AVAILABLE
-------
9-7
139 to 285 mg/liter. To the west, where the formation has dipped
beneath land surface, the water is classified as a calcium-magnesium-
bicarbonate type, with TDS values up to and sometimes exceeding 500
mg/liter. Also, west of the outcrop area the concentrations of sulfate
and sodium increase, due to the presence of overlying beds containing
waters high in sulfate concentrations.
According to Huntoon, 1979, it is possible that where the Casper
formation is overlain by younger formations, there will be an eventual
deterioration of the chemical quality of its water. This could be a
result of downward leakage from overlying formations as heads are lowered
in the Casper due to increased pumping.
Table 11 lists some typical chemical analyses for samples from the
Casper formation from wells outside the study area. Figure 11 illus-
trates the relationships between the chemical character of Casper forma-
tion waters and the chemical character of overlying beds.
9.2 SURFACE WATER QUALITY
In general, upstream Laramie river water is classified as a calcium
bicarbonate type, and has low TDS, usually less than 300 mg/liter. In
the lower reaches of the river, the waters are usually of lower quality,
being classified as calcium sulfate or calcium-sodium-sulfate types.
This is due in part to irrigation return flow, which is high in sodium-
sulfate concentrations.
Table 12 presents selected water quality analyses for samples
collected at the Laramie river gauging station. TDS ranges from 178 to
-------
PAGE NOT
AVAILABLE
-------
9-9
Cj
*
-------
9-10
CHEMICAL ANALYSES IN
MILL IGRAMS
PER L UER
, tf&UR
H»f> UCl
LiRER 1967
10 SEPTlHSER 1^68
CAT?
TIME
DIS-
CHARGE
(CFSI
SIL ICA
(SlO2)
TOTAL
1 HON
IFE)
CU-
C 1 UH
ICA)
M AG-
NE-
*> 1 UM
« HG)
SOPIUN
( N A )
PO-
TAS-
SIUM
Ul
BICAR-
BONATE
IHC03I
CAR-
BONATE
IC03)
SULF ATE
( SO*)
CHLO-
RIOE
ICL)
-AY
07...
JUNE
1620
1W
12
.25
U
B.6
1 3
1.6
85
0
60
1.1
1?...
.JULY
1000
t wo
13
.IB
*0
R . 8
16
2. 1
101
0
84
3.9
10. . .
UIG.
iai5
1 lb
1 3
. 15
r2
51
¦>9
2.6
1 70
0
3 3 T
13
ca...
Si PT.
I P 30
37
10
. 22
84
19
.S 6
2.4
I 59
0
345
16
1 i. . .
1715
31
8.4
.01
S6
35
*2
1. 6
1 33
0
287
15
ChEIICAL ANALfSES IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER, WAIER YEAR 0CI05ER 1967 TO SEPTEMBER \96ft
DATE
"AY
FLUO-
r ioe
(FJ
NITRATE
(N03)
B3*0N
IB)
OIS-
solveo
sol r os
tSUA OF
COsSTI-
TUENt SI
DIS-
SOLVED
SOLIOS
( TONS
PER
AC-FTI
DIS-
SOLVED
SOLIOS
(r ons
PER
OAY I
hard-
ness
(CA, MCI
NON-
CAR-
90NATE
HARD-
NESS
SODIUM
AD-
SORP-
TION
PATIO
SPECI-
FIC
COND-
UCTANCE
(MICRO-
MHOS)
T E MP-
t R A H» R €
1 OEG CI
07. . .
JUNE
.3
.2
.01
178
.23
68
1 IB
43
5 298
7.6
9
12...
JULY
• 4
.4
.02
219
.33
P62
I 36
53
6 345
8.0
17
10
AUG.
.7
.
. 1 1
637
.94
2 16
3 89
243 1.
3 944
8.2
21
ce...
SEPT.
.7
.2
. 1 I
642
.97
71
3 70
240 1
5 974
7.7
23
13...
.6
.2
.06
531
. 76
47
309
200 1
3 B23
7.5
18
TABLE 12 WATER QUALITY ANALYSES FOR THE LARAMIE RIVER
-------
9-11
WATER QlMITY DATA, AUGUST 1969 70 JUNE 1970
DIS-
CHARGE
iCFS )
S ! 11 C A
( S 102 »
(MG/l I
TOTAL
! RON
(FE>
IUG/L>
DIS-
SOLVED
CAL-
C IUM
(CA )
I «G/l I
01 S-
solved
MAG-
NE-
S IUM
( HGI
I "G/L »
SOD I UN
( MG/LI
CAR-
BONATE SULFATE
< C03 » (S04)
CC/LI
C WL0-
» IDE
ICL )
(mG/LI l«G/L)
AUG.
25. .
SEP.
22. .
OCT.
?6 ..
NOV.
17..
DEC .
01..
FEB.
C5. .
2 T. .
MAR.
26. .
APR .
23..
HA V
20. .
JUNE
26. .
1005
0900
1D40
09 10
0 8 50
1 510
1 200
1230
1 100
I 345
1000
15
5.9
89
76
50
48
52
62
70
1300
500
12
14
80
10
48
64
50
51
29
42
1 9
23
ia
IB
7.1
18
16
32
23
13
2.0
i.a
2.3
2.9
156
191
140
114
140
125
146
128
123
87
112
4.9
5.0
5.5
4 .2
12
7.6
7.9
5.1
5.2
AUG.
25. .
SEP.
22. .
OCT.
26. .
NOV.
17..
DEC.
0! . .
FEB.
C 5 . .
27..
MA R.
2 6. .
APR.
23. .
MAY
28..
JUNE
26. .
DIS-
SOLVED
c LUO—
5 1 DE
i F )
I "G/LJ
.2
.2
.8
.3
nitrate
dis-
solved
BORON
DIS-
SOLVED
solios
(SUM OF
CONSTI-
TUENTS I
(MG/LI
1220
30
0
30
40
3 19
170
DIS-
SOLVED
SOL IDS
(TONS
PER
AC-^T J
.69
1 66
.37
.30
.40
.35
.56
.42
.41
.2 5
.45
01 S-
SOLVED
SOLIDS
(TONS
PER
DAY )
20.6
19.4
64.9
57.5
40.0
32.9
57.6
51.9
57.5
64 6
44 8
HAR D-
NESS
-------
9-12
KIF.LD iILIl'^INATJO'.'S . AUGUST 1969 TO JUNE 1970
&UG.
? 5. .
SFP.
?2..
OCT.
' 6. .
NOV.
17.,
OFC.
01 . .
I f B.
Ct>. .
? 7. ,
PAR.
26. .
mPR.
23. .
-Ay
? 8 . .
JUNE
26. .
1005
0900
1040
C910
ceso
1 MO
I 200
I 230
MOO
13*5
1000
DIS-
CHARGE
I C F S I
15
5.9
69
76
SO
*e
52
62
70
1 300
500
SPECI-
FIC
CCHD-
UCT4NCE
I M CRO-
"MOSI
725
1550
*10
420
4?C
410
610
5 00
4 BO
250
470
01 s-
SOL^ED
C*YGEf
a. 1
8.1
8.2
a. 3
7.9
e.o
e.2
e. 2
6.3
7.5
8.0
IMME-
DIATE
COL I -
FORM
i COL.
PER
IMG/LI 1OC ML I
7.4
7. 7
9.7
11.5
10.0
B. 9
io.e
9. 7
10.3
5.5
6.8
585
366
167
193
467
100
360
30
117
328
640
TEMP-
ERATURE
(DEC C)
16.0
9.5
4.0
.0
.0
.0
.5
.0
6.0
14. C
18.5
CHEMICAL ANALYSES IS MICROGRAM PER LITER, AUGUST 1969 TO JUNE 1970
AUG.
25. . .
DEC.
01 . . .
E3.
05. . .
\?R.
23. . .
DIS- ALUM-
CHARGE INUM
TIME (CFS)
0850
] 510
1100
(AL)
21
16
AR-
SENIC BARIUM
(AS) (BA)
<10 50
<10
<10
56
60
BERYL- BIS- CAD- CHRO- GALLI- GERMA-
LIUM MUTH MIUM MIUM COBALT COPPER UM N1UM
(BE) (91) (CD) (CR) {CO) (CU) (GA) (GE)
(3D (CD)
<12 <0.1
<6
<1
<1
(CR)
<9
<6
rUG.
25. . .
DEC.
01. . .
FEB.
05. . .
APR.
23. . .
LEAD
(PB)
LITH-
IUM
(LI)
MAN-
G ESE
(MN)
VOLYB-
DENUM
(MO)
NICKEL
(NI)
<9
RL-3ID-
1 UM
(RB)
SILVER
(*G)
<.6
< . 5
<.6
S7RON-
T3 UH
(SR)
540
TIN
(SN)
<12
TI7AN-
1 UM
(TI)
<6
<5
<6
VANA-
DIUM
(V)
<3
<6
ZINC
(SN)
<10
ZIRCON
IU«
(ZR)
fically sought, -iot dotc-cted.
-------
9-13
.•':\LVSES OF ^ r>xM r IOSAL s;y.?
AUG.
25..
Sfcp.
22..
OCT.
2 6..
NOV.
17..
DFC.
01. .
FEB.
0*>..
27. .
y A R.
2 6. .
APR.
2 3. .
«4Y
2 8..
JUNt
26. .
I JOS
0900
1040
0910
0830
1 MO
1200
1? 30
1 100
1345
1000
DIS-
CHARGE
1CFS)
IS
5.9
69
76
50
4B
52
62
70
1 300
500
610-
CHf H-
ICftt
c*u;en
^'"4N0
( "G/L
DIS-
SOl-
VED-
PHDS-
PHORUS
IfC/L\
.000
.020
.000
.0^0
.030
.010
.000
.040
.000
.010
.030
TOTAL
?HOS-
PHpauS
I P)
I •¦G/L I
.020
.030
.040
.030
. 020
.020
.040
.020
. 090
.050
NITRATE NITRITE
IN) (N)
(*G/L) tHG/LI
.000
A f. *• C N1 A
N1TRO-
CFN
( N)
I ~•G/L)
. 35
. 02
.61
.91
. r o
.00
.00
.20
.00
.00
.00
TUR-
B I D-
1TY
(MG/L)
10
7
9
7
6
10
Z
10
18
TIME
DIS-
CHARGE
(CFS)
A L OR IN
IUG/L1
000
IUG/LI
DDE
(U&/U
DOT
(UG/LI
Dl-
ELDRIN
A'JG.
25..
DFC.
CI . .
FEB.
05..
APR.
2 3. .
1100
0 S 5 0
1510
1 100
15
AUG.
25...
DFC.
01...
FEB.
V 5. . .
APR.
23...
f-JDRIN
(UG/L)
.00
.00
.CO
.00
HfcPTA-
CHLOR
.00
. o:
.00
.02
.00
.00
.00
HEPT4-
CHLOR
epoxide
.00
.00
.03
.00
.00
.00
.00
L 1 SOANE
IUG/L >
.00
.00
.CO
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
SILVEX
(UG/L)
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
. oc
2,4.5-T
(UG/L)
.00
.00
. 30
.00
-------
10-1
10.0 WATER USE
The principal non-domestic water users in the Laramie basin are
agriculture, railroads, and energy production, including coal, uranium
and petroleum. Lesser non-domestic users include cement production and
timber operations. The major industries in Laramie are the Union Pacific
Railroad, the Baxter Tie Treating Plant, a cement plant, and a retort
site, all of which are located along the Laramie river. The following is
a general table breaking down total water use by economic sector and
ground/surface water. It should be noted that this table applies to the
Laramie basin and figures for Laramie proper may vary.
% of Total
Water Use °A Groundwater % Surface Water
Domest ic
Industry
Agriculture
72
11
17
89
20
96
80
11
-------
11-1
11.0 LARAMIE WATER SUPPLY
The city of Laramie obtains 70 percent of its municipal water
supply from the Casper formation and the remaining 30 percent from the
Laramie river. Approximately 3.8 million gallons per day (mgd) is
withdrawn from the Casper aquifer from springs and municipal and private
wells, and 1.3 mgd is withdrawn from the Laramie river, making the
approximate total water use 5.1 mgd. Municipal summer demand can reach
11.0 mgd. This is met by peak Casper formation production which can
reach 4.9 mgd and the Laramie river which can provide up to 7.5 mgd to
the municipal system. Private wells are not discouraged by the city of
Laramie. Thus, water demands can be supplemented by private wells in the
alluvium and other bedrock aquifers.
11.1 THE LARAMIE RIVER
The city of Laramie owns the rights to 9.3 mgd from the Laramie
river, but generally uses 1.3 mgd (except in periods of low river flow).
How much is used depends to a large degree on the capacity of the treat-
ment plant located about 20 miles up stream and southwest of Laramie,
where the river water is diverted and stored for city use. Currently,
alluvial deposits are a principal water source in west Laramie only.
However, the city is presently exploring the possibility of drilling
municipal alluvial wells to supplement the water needs of the city.
11.2 THE CASPER FORMATION
The city of Laramie obtains 3.5 mgd from the Casper formation at
City Springs, Soldier Springs and Pope wells. An additional 0.3 mgd
is withdrawn from the Casper by private wells (see Figure 12 for loca-
tions of major municipal springs and wells). City springs discharges 2.4
cfs or 1.6 mgd; Soldier springs discharges 2.3 cfs, or 1.4 mgd; and the
Pope well field supplies 0.5 mgd (Pope wells is usually only used in
summer to meet peak demands).
The 3.5 mgd figure for withdrawal from the major springs and wells
-------
11-2
R73W
n|
o
R72W
_i i
MILES
City Springs
^NG CR "'Spring Creek Springs
UJ
<
ct:
O
LU
<
cr
<
R73W
R72W
FIGURE 12 LOCATIONS OF MAJOR SPRINGS AND THE POPE WELL FIELD
IN THE VICINITY OF LARAMIE, WYOMING. (In Huntoon and
-------
12-1
12.0 SITE SPECIFIC HYDROGEOLOGIC DISCUSSION
There is not much available hydrogeologic information on the imme-
diate area surrounding the Baxter Tie Treating Facility. This study has
demonstrated a need for further, extensive, hydrologic investigation of
the alluvium and bedrock aquifer immediately underlying the site. This
type of work would include the drilling, testing, and monitoring of
additional wells in and off the site.
The available site-specific findings are summarized as follows:
o The Tie Treating facility is directly underlain by about 10 feet
of alluvial deposits. The alluvium is an unconfined aquifer;
the direction of flow is generally toward the river. However,
this flow can be locally controlled by the underlying bedrock
configuration where, for example, channels have been incised
into the bedrock. Also, the direction of flow can reverse
during periods of high flow in the Laramie river. It appears
that there are about 68 permitted alluvial wells in the general
vicinity of the facility; however, there may be many additional
non-permitted alluvial wells in the area. Assuming a hydraulic
conductivity of 1,337 feet per day, a porosity of 0.3 and a
hydraulic gradient of 0.006, the seepage velocity for Laramie
area alluvial materials was calculated to be 26.7 feet per
day.
o It is probable that the Cloverly formation does not underly the
facility, as it appears to crop out west of the site. The site
is most likely underlain by the Morrison formation, a gray-green
shale interbedded with thin sandstone units. The Morrison
formation is generally considered to be a confining layer,
although it does yield water to some wells in west Laramie from
a basal sandstone unit. Flow in this formation is towards the
west.
° The Morrison is underlain by the Chugwater group, which would be
-------
12-2
It is possible that the west dipping Morrison/Chugwater contact
may occur just east of the facility. The Chugwater group
consists of red shales and siltstones interbedded with sand-
stones and is generally considered to be a confining layer, and
is characterized by poor quality water. However, this group
does yield water to local wells primarily for lawn and stock
watering purposes. Flow in the Chugwater group is to the
west-northwest.
The Satanka Shale underlies the facility at a depth of approxi-
mately 725 to 980 feet. It is generally considered a confining
unit, although a sandstone unit within the Satanka does yield
poor quality water to some wells in the eastern Laramie area.
The Casper formation is the principal municipal and private
groundwater supply in the Laramie area. It underlies the Baxter
-------
REFERENCES
Banner Associates, Inc., 1979. Report on: Increasing water treatment
plant capacity by the use of water from the Laramie river alluvium.
Unpub. rept. to the City of Laramie, 126 p.
Bouwer, Herman, 1978. Groundwater hydrology. McGraw-Hill, Inc., 480 p.
Burritt, E.C., 1962. A groundwater study of part of the southern Laramie
basin, Albany County, Wyoming. Unpub. Univ. of Wyoming M.S. thesis.
CH2M Hill, 1981. Site investigation and assessment of the Union Pacific
Railroad Tie Treating Plant, Laramie, Wyoming.
Dana, G.F., 1969. U.S. Bureau of Mines, Wyoming retort site water well
no. 1. U.S. Bureau of Mines, open-file report, Laramie, Wyoming,
16 p.
Huntoon, P.W., and D.A. Lundy, 1979. Fracture controlled groundwater
circulation and well siting in the vicinity of Laramie, Wyoming.
Groundwater, V. 17, pp. 463-469.
, 1979. Evolution of groundwater management policy for Laramie,
Wyoming, 1869-1979. Groundwater, V. 17, pp. 470-475.
Littleton, R.T., 1950. Reconnaissance of the geology and groundwater
hydrology of the Laramie basin, Wyoming. USGS Circular No. 80,
37 p.
Morgan, A.M., 1947. Geology and groundwater in the Laramie area. USGS
open-file report (unpublished), 41 p.
Nelson, Jim, 1982. Laramie city engineer: personal communication.
Richter, Henry R., 1981. Occurrence and characteristics of groundwater
in the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming. Water Resources
-------
Robinson, J.R., 1956. The groundwater resources of the Laramie area,
Albany County, Wyoming. Unpub. Univ. of Wyoming M.S. thesis,
80 p.
Thompson, K.E., 1979. Modeled impacts of groundwater withdrawals in
Laramie, Wyoming area. Unpub. Univ. of Wyoming M.S. thesis,
73 p.
United States Geological Survey, 1958. Compilation of records of surface
waters of the United States through September 1950, Part 6B,
Missouri River Basin below Sioux City, Iowa. Water Supply Paper
1310.
, 1961. Surface water supply of the United States, 1960, Part 6B,
Missouri River Basin below Sioux City, Iowa. Water Supply Paper
1710.
, 1964. Compilation of records of surface waters of the United
States, October 1950 - September 1960, Part 6B, Missouri River Basin
below Sioux City Iowa. Water Supply Paper 1730.
, 1968, 1969, 1970. Water resources data for Wyoming, Part 2, Water
Quality Records, 1968, 1969, 1970.
, 1969. Surface water supply of the United States, 1961-1965, Part
6, Missouri River Basin, Volume 3, Missouri River Basin from Sioux
City Iowa to Nebraska City, Nebraska. Water Supply Paper 1918.
, 1971 , 1972 , 1973. Water resources data for Wyoming, Part 1,
Surface Water Records, 1971, 1972, 1973.
, 1973. Hydrologic Atlas No. 471.
, 1973. Surface water supply of the United States, 1966-1970, Part
6, Missouri River Basin, Volume 3: Missouri River Basin from Sioux
-------
United States Geological Survey, 1975. Water resources data for
Wyoming, Water Year 1975, Water-data report WY-75-1.
, 1976. Water resources data for Wyoming, Water Year 1976, Volume
1: Missouri River Basin, Water-data report, WY-76-1.
, 1977. Water resources data for Wyoming, Water Year 1977, Volume
1: Missouri River Basin, Water-data report, WY-77-1.
, 1978, Water resources data from Wyoming, Water Year 1978, Volume
1: Missouri River Basin, Water-data report, WY-78-1.
, 1978. Laramie and Laramie southwest 7-1/2 minute topographic
quadrangles.
, 1980. Water resources data for Wyoming, Water Year 1980, Volume
1: Missouri River Basin, Water-data report, WY-80-1.
Wyoming State Engineer, 1982. Various water well records and surface water records
-------
APPENDIX A
WELL AND SPRING NUMBERING SYSTEM
-------
A-l
WELL AND SPRING NUMBERING SYSTEM
Water wells, oil and gas test wells, and springs cited in this
report are numbered according to the U.S. Geological Survey system
that specifies the location of the site based on the Federal land sub-
division system. An example is shown on Figure A-l.
In this example, 15-72-9 bed, 15 refers to the township, 72 to
the range, and 9 to the section in which the well is located. The
lower-case letters that follow the section number identify a smaller
tract of land within the section. The first letter (b in this example)
denotes a 160-acre tract, commonly called a quarter section. The second
letter (c) denotes a 40-acre tract, commonly called a quarter-quarter
section. The third letter (d) denotes a 10-acre tract or a quarter-
quarter-quarter section. The letters a, b, c, and d indicate respec-
tively the northeast, northwest, southwest, and southeast tracts of the
-------
Well or Spring No.
-------
APPENDIX B
SURFACE WATER RECORDS FOR
LARAMIE, WYOMING GAUGING STATION
-------
B-l
1QS. Laraale River at Laramie, Wyo
Lccaf.cr --Lat 41M9M0", lor^. 105'36'30". In SU\ sec 23, T 16 N , H. 73 W , 1.2 miles
norTF-est of City hall In Laraale and 5 r.lles cownatroaa froa Flvealle Creek.
Drali.a?e area.--1.HO' sq al, approximately.
Udi^e.--MIra-welght gage. Altitude of gage Is 7,125 ft (from rlver-proflle survey) Prior
T> Apr. 10. 1036, ol.jti. 1 4 miles upstrrfam at different Juvun Apr. 10, 1936, to
M.i) u\t phalli K,,bp **1 x"* tiuo .»llp «1m t «un.
Excrer.es. --1933-50. Maxlnua discharge observed, 1 010 cfs June 15, 1942 (gage height,
5.05'ft); olnlaum dally, 0.1 cfs bept. 7-9, 195u.
PeraSs.--Natural flow of sirvaa affected tv transbasln diversions, storage reservoirs,
diversions for irrigation of about 53,C0u acres above station ard return flow from ir-
rigated areas.
Ln eublc feet p«r »e cojv3
Tear
Apr.
>uy
June
July
Au^.
Sept.
1933
1934
1935
<61
57 .1
23.?
155
39.4
103
*30
16.3
as 7
140
6.19
111
15.4
6. 3o
28.6
14.4
2.57
9.64
1936
1937
1935
1939
1940
198.2
125
97 .0
128
11.9
391
293
536
266
143
234
377
894
184
282
46.7
101
145
10.0
143
is.a
11.2
13 3
2 09
17 .6
7 .07
7.83
48.0
1 .20
12.9
1941
1342
1913
1344
1945
62.7
106
187
71 .2
65.9
230
467
350
160
333
SOO
984
567
339
559
147
114
95.3
101
232
41 .0
15 7
11 .3
14 7
178
17.7
8.20
3.57
4.97
38.8
1946
1947
194a
1349
19S0
117
117
140
126
51.3
280
453
399
4434
177
41S
664
219
1706
389
165
200
65.6
77.7
53.5
45 9
109
28.1
*22.9
17.5
23.9
30 7
8.07
>12
22.1
t Mot prevloualy
Ri*er.
publlahed; partly estimated
an basia of records for other atatlona on
Liraale
Monthly runoff, ln
icre-feet
Year
Apr.
Hay
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
1933
1934
2 935
13.630
3,400
1,330
9.53C
S.50C
5.30C
55,300
1,09C
51,000
~,6ic
503
~, SOC
947
391
1,76C
857
153
574
1935
1337
1939
193)
1940
*5,640
7,470
5,770
7 ,640
706
24,020
10,050
32,940
16,330
8,310
13,930
22,460
53,220
10,950
16,810
2 990
6,230
6,920
615
8,770
2,390
1,060
8*6
123
1,080
421
466
2.650
71
770
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
3,730
6,290
11,140
4,230
3,920
14,160
28,700
21,490
9,860
?0,460
17,840
SS,560
33,730
20,160
33,270
9,060
7 ,020
5 ,660
6,190
14,260
2,520
964
697
902
10,970
1 ,060
~ea
212
296
2,310
19+4
1347
19«J
1949
1350
6 960
6,990
S 360
7 ,610
3,050
17,200
27 ,670
24,440
126,700
10,670
24,700
39,530
13,020
• 42,030
23.250
10,160
12,320
4,040
4 ,7 JO
S.UJ
2,820
6,690
1,730
1> ,410
1,070
1,420
1,810
480
17 1 4
1,310
Yearly discharge, In cubic feec per eecond, of Uranle River at Lar&Aie, Wyo.
Year
W.S.F.
no.
The season
Calendar year
Maximum observed
Minimus
dsy
Mean
Runoff In
acre-feet
Mean
Runoff ln
dcre-feet
Discharge
Date
1933
746
1,350
June 7, 1933
6.6
_
_
_
1934
761
132
May 11. 1934
1 5
_
_
1935
786
1,660
June 18, 1935
4.6
-
-
-
-
1936
606
640
June 1, 1936
5.1
_
1937
626
730
Hay 31, 1937
5.8
_
_
1939
656
1,310
June 1, 1938
3.1
_
_
_
1939
076
549
June 3, 1939
.6
_
-
.
1940
896
466
June 4, 1940
3.S
-
-
-
-
1941
926
512
June 27, 1941
13
_
_
_
1942
956
1,810
June 15, 1942
6.0
_
_
_
1943
976
1 ,530
June 3, 1943
2.4
_
_
_
_
1944
1006
516
June 12, 1944
4.2
_
.
_
_
1945
1036
885
June 8, 1945
20
-
-
-
-
1946
10SG
660
June 20, 1946
17
„
„
.
1947
1086
1,460
June 24, 1947
19
_
_
_
_
1948
1116
625
Kay 25, 1948
5.6
_
_
_
1349
(a)
1,240
June 15, 1949
-
_
_
_
19S0
1176
755
May 26, 1950
.1
-
-
-
-
-------
B-2
oGOO Laramie River at Laramie, Wyo
Loj.it 1 on --LuL 41 • 19' -SO" . lung 105*36'30", in SWj sec 29, T.16 N , R 73 W , near left
ETink on downativum jido of plor of bridge on county Mgnway, 1 2 rallos northwest of
city ha 11 In Laramie and £ miles downstream from Flvemlle Creek
Drainage area,--1,071 sq ml (revised), of which 151 sq ml la probably nonccntrlbutlng.
Reoord s nvaUab 1 e --April 1933 to September 1S60 Irrigation seasons only prior to 1952
Monthly J 1:$charge only for seme perlo%l3, published In WSP 1310.
Oa^-i; --Watur-^tagc recorder Altitude of gage Is 7,125 ft (from rlver-proflle map)
prior to Apr 10. llJ3o, chain gage on bridge on State Highways 130 and 230, 1.4 miles
upstteum at different datum Apr 10, 193b. to Hay 21, 1949, chain gage and May 22,
1'J49, to Apr 7, li)al, wire-weight gage, at present 3lte and datum
Avera/.o dl.-Ah.iry.>? --'J years (1951-60), 38.5 cfa (6-S.070 acre-ft per year).
F.'.lr> mi ^ --I'j33-b0 tttxlmum discharge, 3,250 cfa June 15, 1357 (guge hulght, 6 03 ft),
mTTTnum daily, 0 1 <"13 T>ept 7"9, 1950
Hctv.r'i's, --Natural flow of stream affocted by trunsbasln diversions, storage reservoirs,
>1!vera 1 ens for Irrlrf^tk-n of about 53,000 acres, and rutuni flow from irrigated areas
Monthly and yearly »«an discharge, In cublo Tact per aecond
Wattr
year
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Fab.
Kar
Apr.
fuy
Jure
July
AUC.
3ept.
The year
1051
.
.
.
fl'J b
5u0
/66
15J
S
JS. 4
.
1952
4 /. 1
49 5
37 1
'.9 J
57.5
57. 7
5-'7
5 J 1
\oi
10. !
f>. lli
1 so
1953
H PJ
U 4
29 fi
40 6
3a.9
£4.2
51.6
d> &
\Cb
16 4
S4 L.
h nn
40 5
1954
4 99
L 1
5 3
54 5
41 .S
58 5
W.V
57 5
n :
lb.4
a ji
'£ 1'i
u'b 4
1955
fi 40
11 9
1 4 (.
I o 4
lb.2
2 4 O
1 / 6
6J >
1 10
4 1 A
G9 A
1, AO
ii. 4
1 J'.U
1,1
• ,
, ii >'
*. . ,
1 * i
,
! i
>1 .
'• I
M...I
IU..M
195/
lO.M
J / /
M, 4
4. 11
o'j L
o.' . 1
S'J'J
1 ,M.»i
V. 1
in, ij
4.'/ 1
i»58
1 v; -
' V 1>
',4 U
1 /
Jfi U
dii -j
V.,. C
5 'jJ
.' C«J
C. 1 . 1
1- . 4
IK
11'^
1959
; (,. 2
I'j <.
<:i
:.i.y
57. 1
44.C
e 'j .
ItW
4/7
;x.c
Ifi L
1-1 i)
I960
64.7
r\i i
L.S
4 O
40
75.L
55. n
1 li
11 fi
L!j ft
'/i ii
o. '.7
f)C 4
Monthly and yaarly discharge. In acre-feet
Water
year
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Fab.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
The year
1951
„
.
.
.
5.330
22,1JO
45.550
0.110
3.29C
1,510
_
1952
2,900
2 . 950
<;.280
2,410
2,150
2,320
7.350
52,^80
31,570
C, 590
1 ,020
56;
94 .270
1951
542
dbt
1.320
2,500
2. 160
3.330
1.660
1.6&0
9.6^0
1,010
5. 350
5SO
: 9, 510
19&4
A07
1 , 970
2 , ISO
0
1540
151
May 25, 1954
.8
25.4
18,420
21.8
15.790
19SS
li9C
\L\>
July 27, 1SSS
2.7
53.*
24,170
33.2
»7,670
1956
1440
960
May 29, 1556
4.7
80.0
64,460
86.8
65,000
1510
5,250
J-r.e 15, 195?
5.0
223
161,700
230
166,300
1958
1560
1 ,150
May 27, 19S8
4.1
85.3
61,780
77.7
1959
1650
7 90
Jure 10, 1959
4.3
83.9
60,740
9S.2
68.940
1960
1710
696
June 11, 1960
3.6
06 4
62,730
-
-------
B-3
dcGO. Laraa'.a Hive:* at L^r^nle, »yo.
_o ^ . tC: . — La: lo,-,s : .5"36'30", in S«f 3 C-C 23, T.16 N , R.73W , rear left
>2' «. op dc-nstresa :^e of pier or* crldge on county nlgr-ay, 1.2 miles nort:.«tfst of
;\i'j iw\\ in Lar.a.io and 2 s:11ls Jonrairo.ua I't'ou FiveV.le Creek.
artia.--1.0?l sq z\ (revised), of -hicn 1 a 1 ml i3 probably noticunirlbuilr.g.
5-. a'. la: le .--Aprl 1 1932 to Septe-ber Irrigation seasons only prior to 1952.
ola-ar^e only for so.T.e periods, publlsred in WSP 1310.
. . --»ater-3:a,, vO Apr. 7, 1 s o 1 , >cor, C9o cfa Jui'.e 11 (ga^e helgnt, 4.05 ft), zilnlmuu
3aTTv 3 6 of3 Sept. 13
1*3j5-6C: MjX'.ius dlacf.ar^e, 3,250 cfs June 15, 1957 (rfu&e nel^nt, o 83 ft), siinl-
¦3ux oally, j.l cfs Sept. 7-9, 1J50.
=. - t •.. j. • -Rt. corda good except iroao for periods of Ice effect or no £,»£<.-r.o I gnt record,
TTT. are poor. Natural flo» of stream affected ly ti\inab:ii>ln diveralons, itori^o rea-
er'.clra, dl\cr3lor.3 for irri^^tlon of about 53,000 .»crea, and return flot* I rom irrl-
.'jt.u jreus .
Rating table, water year 19SJ-oO, except periods of Ice effect {gM*
helgnt, in feel, and Jisct.arge, in cuDlc feet ;«»r .econd)
(Sntf t lr^-control method uaeJ Mar. 2<3 to Apr. lo, June 5-13, 20-30,
July -4 to Au^ .2)
>1 Sj
. 1.
5 .d
1.5
84
tn.l
b
li
i j.'
1.0
28
i .0
740
1.2
47
Diacr-Arge, In cutlc feet per second, -ator year Octcoer 19i9 to Semester I960
-jy j Oct.
Nov.
D«c.
Jan.
Pec.
Mar.
Apr.
Hay
June
July
A'Jrf.
Sept.
62
60
-
"
105
16
377
70
59
4.3
62
aj
14
395
67
~47
5.3
t
59
81
7 1
14
403
64
60
8.0
i
57
64
63
15
424
63
ii
6.4
5
49
ii
62
21
4 53
•56
•68
S.8
.
49
7S
67
19
4 98
•5d
57
5.3
-
45
6 1
76
17
•504
64
42
5.9
4?
75
> 45
61
• 19
492
66
31
5.5
52
99
1
(•)
89
19
529
58
25
5.5
52
1C 2
94
19
615
51
19
4 .6
59
DQO
92
22
osa
4 6
14
4 . 1
12
03
b74
102
32
4T!
43
12
4 .3
13
67
66
105
62
453
59
12
•3.8
14
67
72
(•)
90
95
442
52
11
4 6
15
75
75
160
333
44
11
4.3
1 5S
i *0
~ 4C
1 0
69
70
I
SI
191
351
40
10
4 .6
6 7
74
|
43
169
370
5T
12
t. G
16
70
eo
1
38
187
•390
64
12
- 6.8
19
CO
tfl4
24
224
409
84
9.6
9.0
•oi
ai
31
299
4
-------
B-4
6-6600 Lttruraie River at Laranle, tyo.
location.--Let U*19'36". long 106-36¦ 27" , In SWi ».c,29. T. 16 N. , R.73 W. , on l«ft bank 400 ft
upstream from highway bridge, 1.2 miles northwoat of city hill In Laramie, and 5 miles down-
stream from flveralle Creek
Drainoao area.--l.Q71 sq ml, of which 151 sq ml la probaoly noncontrlbutlng.
Records aval labia.--April 1933 to September 1965. Irrigation seasons only prior to 1952. Monthly
discharge only for some periods, publlahed In WSP 1310.
Gage --Nater-stage recorder. Altitude of gage is ?,125 ft (from rlver-proflle map). Prior to
Apr. 10, 1936, chain gage on oridge on State Highways 130 and 230, 1.4 miles upstream at different
datum. Apr. 10, 1936, Co May 21, 1949, chain gage, Kay 22, 1949, to Apr. 7, 19bl, *ire-welgnt
gage, and Apr. 8, 1951, to Apr. 22, 1965, Mater-stage recorder on bridge pier, at present site and
datum.
Average discharge.--14 years (1951-65), 98.5 cfs (71,310 acre-ft per year).
Extremes.--Maxlaum and minimum discharges for the water years 1961-65 are contained In the following
table:
Nlnloua dally
j«»r
Dace
Dlacharfa
(cfe)
Out hvifht
(feat)
Date
Discharge
(ofa)
Qui hal«ht
(reel)
1961
19«?
19*3
136*
I»65
June S, 1961
Hay 15, 196g
K*jr 20, 1961
•Ur 1944
Juna 19, 1905
1,3*0
1,230
244
7aO
1.920
3.39
4.90
5.14
3.40
S.01
Oot. 1, 1940
Sept.15. 19tt
(a)
Oct. S, 196S
Oot. S, 1904
7.«
6.4
10
5.9
6.3
1933-65: Maximum discharge, 3,250 cfs June 15, 1957 (gage height, 6.83 ft): mlnlnum dally
0.1 cfs Sept. 7-9, 1950 * ' '*
Remarks.--Records good except those for periods of no gag«-helght record and those for winter perl-
Ou37 which bm poor. Natural flow of stream affected by transbasln diversions, storage reser-
voirs, diversions for irrigation of about 53,000 acres, and return flow from Irrigated areas.
Revisions.—MS? 1730- Drainage area.
oiiCH*«tci, in cubic FtfcT >e* sicofto. m«tu via* ocroeca mo to septchsir i9ai
OAT
OCT.
ftwV.
0€C. J
JAN.
f(ft.
MAM.
tM,
«av
JUNf
JULY
«*.
UH.
I
r.a
3*
"h
*N
14
12
195
172
11)
SO
i
36
5r'
3T
a. a
I. J20
17a
124
10
3
9.a
41
wi
3a
12
1.0*0
199
t*4
31
4
9.2
*3
*4
16
14
1.2K
129
149
34
\
9.2
SO j
40
11
1.100
U2
WO
49
*
to
45
42
M
1,240
(29
9/
4«
7
9.2
41
22
1.200
119
*a
94
¦
a.a
w
<*2
> 10
11
2C
1.100
120
97
*9
9
1C
41
17
992
111
54
94
1 <4
9.2
<»3
39
14
9aa
107
90
91
11
9.2
45
1
i
34
11
99T
100
49
SO
12
10
JO I
SI
ia
992
94
49
74
11
11
5S
3*1
30
ai
992
aa
50
*7
U
1*
>3
Ja i
30
129
04*
91
94
*1
19
13
36
11
109
044
74
*a
*0
~ 30
> 28
i*
12
44
11
K
141
aaa
71
74
99
1?
14
4 |
33
29
19a
90)
84
60
90
>•
I *
4)
is
31
192
771
79
52
50
I*
11
S3
J5
I
24
19*
**a
99
67
95
K
JS
5*
33
21
212
ail
»r
*3
57
~ *0
i I
39
41
32
23
23*
990
47
54
02
22
J1
55
32
27
294
547
4a
47
10 7
a
31
42
*4
24
3a7
914
77
43
122
i*.
32
55
35
1
?4
419
454
94
40
113
n
34
57
15
V
22
49a
434
73
19
113
i*
34
54
3*
92
21
977
iaa
*2
17
12a
>i
39
*9
32
1
>2
1*
t>ii
33a
97
14
112
47
30
!
14
6«.7
26*
54
17
124
31
44
It
O
la
aoa
211
60
37
139
k
22
5C
31
—j
40! 16
77 7
ia9
97
13
153
it
i:
——
j
3a
——
7
-------
B-5
6-6600. Laramlo River at Laramie. Wyo.--Continued
dischakck i>< cuaic fiii ftK \cco*o. ocirtm* i9M to 19*2
.
HA*
JUL'-
JUL V |
A!)C.
U*T.
10k
542
v5*
21*\
94
14
7*
4 14
t.C
Bft i
n ! '
2
70
«n
' .'?¦»!
11>
2
74
422
5/ ?
Mir
J *
l?
HA
4 ro
b4 |
\o
91
107
5«0
»•» .
*5
• ••
92
56 I
*n
1 29,
A 1 '
o.rt
M
6* r
rn*
12C
54 1
rt.fi
71
761
av
Mil
!
b.»
*3
9|6
161
un|
*5;
d,i
6L
l. J5C
5 T1
105 |
^1
57
1.170
«>29
105 t
^ I
6 .'8
5 T
i. ti-:
45n
>05 j
>4 >
6 • *
7 J
I . 1 "
M 1
UOj
"I
6.U
1 ) 1
1.210
1*4
I 2c |
i i,
1
r.6
153
l. wo
3«4
ml
"i
7.*
1 M
J53
1.5,
*.0
a*
90 «
)M
•jfc!
4. 2
))
Hi.
25 A
ico!
t?\
«. J
71
e2i
701*
i:;;
2i;
A.*
• 1
TBI
17*
Tfl j
i<>
IC
In
7d>
1 I B
4*> 1
.»11
/
n
1 >•
I I*
5 » i
•M l
16
t:
654
t •)
1
1
i i«
57 I
">•
t>z!
2~
M
)K
42 3
47b
7 1 ,
?<
n
11 *
MC
5Cl
»'l
; •» ¦
»ef
469
9«
I i
Mo
46 7
>io ' 1 k
t,
i«»
5«.7
2bC1 l.bl
ni
7
> >3
5! t
:»
TOTAL
»€ \H
• 41
"1? i
3.719'
U-M
itt>
•>1!
7,3^ i
i
CAL 1HU TOTAL 52.US.6
«A T T« 14*11 TOTAL 62,W4.»
AC-FT UJ.4CC
*C-Ft 124.9J1?
Not*.--Ho racord lov. J to D«C. 8, Dtc. 12 te Mar. 24.
UtSCHAk&C. IN IUHIC KfcT f€« SECOND, maTEh TfcAh rCTOft« 19*2 TO SfPTfcKflfB |96)
04V
OCT.
4 IV.
OcC.
JAN.
HO.
«Aft.
AM.
MAY
JUSt
JUL*
\
AUG. 1
se»r.
I
2L
24
4)
2a
)i
4 T
1 21
22
*1
IC.
32
2
24
25
44
29
40
41
1 ?1
2 1
•»>,
I 7
t c,
>1
J
2*
25
46
28
SO
4C
11 a
2 I
BV I
tr
I 2
54
4
lb
26
1,
2 7
6C
)>
06
>0
ICf, |
1 9
I* !
36
9
2J
a
)6
2 S
57
17
0)
20
,wi
1 7
tt<
»?
*
) I
j*
4*
2*
»4
47
75
20
1
1391
t •
1 a <
21
7
20
4.>
>2
27
j:
52
72
27
92
la
»2 '
27
6
21
42
¦>1
2 8
4>
s%
79
56
nil
24
49
2b
9
21
4?
*> I
27
15
49
7S
44
6? I
26
«•*
n
U
12
4s
47
2*
i>
5'-1
9C
I >1
7 t I
j
36
3 3
11
22
i'V
41
21
21
54
ii
I 7i
60 i
1 '
39 | 34
31
12
•>6
I?
27
U
6*
213
ft
3«
Li
41
41
4C,
2C
21
52
57
224
47 I
4?
64
? 1
14
4>
44
47
2 1
)1
4i
44
171
- 41.
>b
i.s:
21
1%
44
.0
47
21
34
4fl
42
10 J
35 |
37
<»B •
IS
1*
44
47
47
22
>•
5 J
4C
91
1
*C
34
ail
lb
7
42
4<
4*
22
41
54
17
rs
67
3 J
1 5
I d
id
iS
4 J
2 I
44
to
4C
12 >
I IC 1
31
14
t
Ji
>4
Jl>
20
4 b
52
4C
16b
2 a 1
I »
4.
41.
if
"
"T
54
19
22C
b,f
73
-L
5"
21
2
»6
! 1
46
(I
)6
226; 52'
19
4«
14
22
2 7
tc
21
4>
B )
I h
*5 1
: 4
«S
I 5
24
4 >
2d
2U 46
411 1J
I I 7
*'!
s \
14
2*
a
4^
/ I
4 1
fll M
164
19,
?<
*2
1 1
25
2*
...
21
2»'
46
"
115
v,:
1 7
ne
14
20
24
21
I 4
50
16' ? 7
2?5
)f'
2 1
v
1 1
?!
24
•»6
tl
20
47
64 24
190
!0 '¦
2 >
1 \
«!e
5o
2-
21
*•
«2
22
1 4 1
2'j
I*
15,
13
•
Jfc
2t
21
-
IC4
21
107
2* '
I 5
11
11
.
/ 4
46
if
2
1 14
21
1^4
I 1
12:
10
>1
¦ > E ir
• 3
M
• * 1
TCfAL
•a2' I• 7w
l.l'l
7 2 I
ti i««i t.<»M
1.69V
1. 7*2
I ."62 •
75C
1
1 .362
*17
27.9
42.1
t 3/.b
?). >
42.7
62. >
iA.fc
1 2 2
h 5 . 4 |
24. 2
41.9'
21.9
«*a
*4
f.
>0:
121
1 21
2 1 (
; i9w.
si
1 ¦
34
«! *
M
24
1 ;l
I S
: 2»
i >
1 71
/•;
i»
1:
10
A£-FT| 1¦T1^
: 2. w %/
1 2,in
. 4 JC
j ».»/;
I >.37,
715C 0, 1
1.4*"
2.7
1. HO
C»l »* TOTAL 56.025.* »IM
¦ A I *¦» l?bJI IlTal W.ldl -r*s
-------
B-6
6*6600 Laramie River at '^ramle, Uyo ••Continued
01 , It CUBIC Hit HH SECOND, •ATft TEA* OClOBfd 194) TO SC4TEME4 14*6
OAT
OCT.
NilV.
otc.
JAN.
FES.
MAR.
....
MAT
J UK*
JM.T
AOC*
SEM.
I
10
2C
*•
»
2.
26
35
26
360
460
64
IT
2
6.2
20
29
26
25
1>
25
340
300
7C
17
l
7.4
19
2 r
25
20
2*
30
24
286
232
90
17
»
ft. 7
17
2 7
2)
20
22
27
26
266
176
99
17
4
17
30
21
20
2 t
2a
23
2 *4
129
IC4
15
6
6.7
32
21
22
20
21
27
22
210
92
10*
16
?
6.7
3 7
2?
21
21
21
27
22
166
6$
99
16
«
6.7
39
23
1 9
23
2 0
2a
24
184
54
92
13
»
7.4
37
21
19
26
22
30
26
277
54
ta
13
1J
7.4
3?
23
14
2*
21
35
24
ai
62
46
9.1
14
1 J
25
23
15
22
21
*0
26
151
29
39
a.2
I)
1 1
; j
25
I I
20
21
45
24
114
25
35
9.0
16
12
j)
26
20
21
2 J
60
21
M3
24
34
1.2
I 7
1)
l-i
26
12
2 1
25
66
36
101
62
36
7.5
1 i
I 7
l a
21
25
21
21
6a
a;
11)
16
35
10
14
14
:«
25
22
a
27
a4
i 5 t
(34
)0
II
2v
20
2*.
23
25
21
25
»2
171
31
>6
12
'1
u
2w
22
27
22
26
• 6
264
1 70
31
32
12
25
21
26
21
2a
6ft
34 0
2 00
10
36
11
J I
20
23
23
22
2a
51
400
20 7
35
32
10
2"
2J
2ft
19
25
25
40
532
162
5C
30
12
i">
21
27
20
22
25
36
666
126
61
2a
12
/*
22
36
25
22
21
25
34
702
ioa
ri
24
10
21
22
36
22
26
22
25
36
706
47
66
22
L1
•rn
22
31
2t
2 7
23
26
31
742
IC6
56
22
10
21
2 a
21
27
23
2 7
32
770
l 54
52
20
9. •
3..
2 i
Jw
22
2a
30
il
>06
4B4
56
15
9.4
25
27
>81
61
15
1
*
i *
•——
——
TO T At.
429. »
779
759
66)
6*3
742
i.icc
T.2B2
5.ao«
2.54*
1.5*1
363.3
Mfc AN
11. 1
2ft.0
24.5
22.0
22. ¦
24.ft
63.1
2)5
194
• 2.1
51.3
12.1
»A«
2i
34
K
2t
21
35
a*
742
360
660
ioa
ia
4lN
5.4
17
2b
14
20
20
2 7
22
47
25
14
7.5
ac-m
•5 2
li))0
I,Jit
1* 350
1 • 3 IC
1(51.4
2*5dC
16*440
11*520
9*050
5 * 16C
721
Cav r« n#ii rorti lo.cot. ) mean 44.c «a« 230 min 5.4 ac-ft suaw
«AT TM 19641 TOUL 22.9«3.ft MfA« *2.7 mai 742 "IN 9,9 AC-FT 45*350
Koti.--Wo c«c«-haight r«cord Dae. 12 to Apr. 14.
OUCnAAtE* IN CUdlC MET PE* SECGNO* «ATBIt TlA* OCTOl|B 1946 10 SCPtCl«E* lift)
OAT
OCT.
NOV.
otc.
JAN*
FEU.
MAS .
APR .
MAT
JUNE
JULT
AUG.
MPT.
1
9.a
1 1
45
24
32
39
84
36
53*
626
42
31
t
4. a
1 i
44
24
34
J6
45
16
60S
43ft
92
30
i
15
1 1
42
24
36
55
19
34
716
170
92
26
7.5
4.0
40
30
3 a
36
13C
43
744
318
44
21
»
6. 3
12
19
29
3v
3d
9a
63
8C6
273
109
1 7
•
6.4
12
36
31
40
39
90
64
014
241
44
17
I
6.9
12
35
32
35
34
84
64
462
237
76
21
7. 5
11
3*
31
IP
34
90
ftft
0 20
26®
63
55
a.2
13
34
30
3s
4C
a*
59
424
212
52
50
9.0
12
3»
31
32
34
• 4
ft 3
l.t0/>
202
6)
34
11
4.4
11
34
30
31
39
96
41
1*270
146
36
31
12
a.2
4.2
36
29
30
4t
42
56
1.560
16C
37
22
1 J
It
•J. B
35
30
31
3«
90
59
1.730
126
50
17
14
a. 2
9.6
3ft
31
32
36
74
94
I .770
L21
6ft
12
15
7.1
6.9
35
32
31
39
6ft
113
1.730
126
64
13
16
9.4
6.9
10
34
32
6C
76
117
1*760
124
78
26
1 7
4.2
0.2
25
32
34
38
65
104
1*700
119
40
24
1 0
;.(.
11
2o
31
35
36
63
9*
1,770
113
84
24
1 9
9.0
14
2b
30
36
35
54
1 24
1.400
113
16
i2
88
24
4.3
2-i
14
26
34
36
36
649
l.too
16?
67
25
<>.4
34
)•.
24
3d | 35
»
910
1.360
157
4B
114
26
«.a
>6
26
2 1
40
39
*»
1 * 12C
1*290
1 79
62
130
27
9.0
35
26
25
66
»4
45
1 • 140
1*200
220
40
144
2i
11
la
2o
24
42
40
4)
950
1.440
169
60
15)
2t
1 I
4 J
2 5
3.'
>«•
3 T
726
4ft5
161
3ft
14ft
U
12
42
44
>2
60
34
540
• 42
117
14
215
11
12
— —
25
31
' 7c
512
—~*
IC6
31
TOTAL
264.3
534.a
1.133
9(,r
9 ?4[ 1.265
2.til
4.181
17.730
4*044
1.457
1.174
Mfc AN
9. 1 7
l«.L
3I.>
24. 3
34.a
40. ¦
67.0
29ft
1.254
196
ftl.l
{ 62.4
MAI
15
42
45
34
7L
ICC
1 t 1 4 0
1.900
626
109
214
Ml H
6.3
6.9
26
11
»
35
1 ,l
34
536
IC6
3 L
1 12
kC'tl
564
1. J7u
2.U5b
• 403
• 930
2.51C
I I.49C
!
14*210
74,040
12*040
1*480
1 3* 720
!
CAk. *8 li»6l TOTAL 22*452.6 MEAN ft}.* MAI 742 M|N 6.) AC-M 65.130
¦if ti [}•»« r*l «j.*2).t »£«« iM -4i i,iZQ *t* *.» jc-m i^*,doo
-------
B-7
QCCH.0000 LAJU*IE
H IVLR AT
LARtMl! .
MO
1 ';»"A 11 ON Ut 11
•I'J'Jft". Ion* lflS*36'i7", in HEK.^K\
sec.29, T
10 H., H
*3 Albany County, on Ich bank
400 ft
wpsi
t c ja iroa
1' I 1 .Wc «'r.
,Oi( rojJ to tntcrjtilr
H i gf way dO
. i.: ail
e» nnrthwest uf c
tr hill
a, 1 j r ji. i
< . .lid
i ai
lf^ Jownitrr in fro* r
i /mi le « r*ck
r.PMsvr
i.| n
1 *BI 1 1
.'"'1 M •! .
ot -hicl' I'l t| ai i* prohjM^ nun. on t r l bu t
ml- r>i
1p .if Jf«
.i i • ijj t h , I , 5tj ">
cirf tor
>1 KlfoRU
\nril :
* to «•» j tc-Lber I'#70 1 rr
it: • t ion m
¦ t,Mi> on
j jirmr i
V I»I>2
Mci. 1 ll *
iis. i iri.
VJI, I
tji
sune peri^
.1- , publ » »h',l in hM» MIO
MCI
fc i fr r-*t Jrf
«• recorder
V1111aJc of |a je is 7,1
35 It (frc
* river profile n
p) Prior lo *pr
Ii), 19^6,
nc i
n «< r 1 jit on Oiii
„«• >.n StJtr Highway* 130
»n«! ^0.
i ti Ifi
i.rsiri m
.it J l l t r
(."ii JjIii
1 \i ,
J'l Jt>
*, rorw«•*or.ling anJ Apr
f . I '¦ S . r
• ..|»r
. ! *¦"> ,
1 f c I • < t
( fc*. v-r
r r "II I r 1
w<.
p If !
.t |>ir(i
nt lilt jrJ
11 (in
AVI mci
or Si rf.xpi.l
I 1 .« jr<
to: cfs (73/
1.0 H . ' ,
pi-f k e i r)
ItfRFNlS MixiBuoj tnii itniaiiBi (ditwhari* In Cabic
fci 1 r i
-cc-nd, fa
it ^ei^M
m let t
tor : 1
¦W 11 • > 0
i r i
- 70 iff wont -4inc4 in
: i.e f o 1 low inj t aM e
w11i aus
Mlninus
J.n 1)
W ( r »
0*tc
Hi 1 - r
- 'I.
Date
•')>
Vv . r, •
1*06
IV t 1
1 9t> S
: j' i
. ns
f p l !
V 10.
1. H<>»
J
I "16 7
'une *4 ,
IY6T
l . 10'-
i r>e
'V t 1
1'i-Sh
1461
Jfi9
67l»
5 S4
^iept JO
1969
, s
1 <* 70
June I 3 ,
19 "J
2,«$U
6 U
Oct. l
l<«r>9
¦t NtKiaua |«|t
height for
ytJT, ! 16 ft F«l» 22, HCo, tjicktoaier frot
i».e
of rccuT'l *
la.ia Jln.har|«, t,2Su cf%
luric IS.
1 OS7 (f«gc he 1 gM
' a i 11
mil.LlU
n .1 .iljr.
0 I
cf* S«pl .
' • g . 1940
RhHASlS
• P«i « rJ»
g,.o.l eiifpt thoi* for winter pcjiods an J cho^e for p«nod* of no hi
1,'fit rei
)t .1 . nhi .
h
!>• "i
'f . t 11 1 4
t 1^. .if if
lr i« iflr i t i- 1 b) 1 I ill.h^S
m J i» r i
.l -
. .» *.
i • i .,i. . i
¦ , .
i i , i 1
m t <
1 t . i r > 1 1 J " J 1 ( |> jl. 1 1 t llt-.| | It t ff |mj 1 I III II
• 1
RLVIllOV> HiP I
; i o fr-inu^c arc 4.
OHC«A*Cf.
IN CUftlC FICT secomo
WATft TfAA OCTOMA 1969 TO
SEMENeC*! 19A6
oat
OCT
MOV
OEC JAM ff
NAM
APR
MAT
JIM
JUL
AUG
5E P
I
220
129
100 66 5)
92
6T
90
1 IT
16
16
). 6
7
1*9
120
102 66 9)
90
n
16
16|
19
20
9.4
)
11*
lit
106 66 96
At
70
90
127
17
29
4.2
4
ltl
11
109 A6 96
90
61
96
120
19
29
4.»
9
i r«
119
109 6t 96
92
9t
66
107
1 >
24
) . 6
*
U?
111
106 70 99
96
4t
76
106
11
))
2.2
7
1*2
1 10
106 70 99
96
91
6*
107
11
19
2.0
•
199
lOt
91 72 91
60
96
66
116
10
12
2.0
9
t«l
109
100 70 92
6)
96
94
1 1«
II
24
2.2
10
141
109
102 70 91
61
9ft
106
161
9. %
26
2.0
11
110
102
106 69 91
62
96
I 14
161
6.6
1 6
2.0
12
110
109
100 6T 92
62
96
119
129
6.6
1 7
4.6
11
lit
102
90 A6 69
69
90
ioa
104
6.6
11
).a
I*
126
94
66 6) 67
79
41
99
70
6.2
11
4.9
19
12*
fl
70 AO 69
•0
16
64
60
19
9.*
1)
16
121
"»•
70 60 61
89
10
60
92
17
6.2
6. t
IT
1 It
100
72 60 66
to
29
69
6)
1A
7.7
9.4
It
126
100
TO 62 6»
69
29
69
72
17
9*4
9.0
19
1 »9
100
At AO 64
90
29
71
112
26
9. *
4.2
70
199
10?
70 9t 6*
99
71
114
96
14
9.6
J.2
21
199
96
72 9* 69
91
21
1 91
TO
49
7.7
4.2
22
IS)
61
7? 96 69
95
21
141
60
40
a. •
1.9
21
146
lot
70 56 6*
102
21
' 161
96
40
s.o
2.6
24
166
•a
6t 59 69
106
29
2 00
41
14
4.A
2.4
29
!*t
106
TO 99 67
101
2«
19)
l«
21
«..?
11
26
161
CI
70 96 6ft
100
24
169
24
29
4.2
4.A
27
16T
90
70 96 At
90
24
179
22
)0
J.S
2.9
?•
166
•it
72 99 49
ao
29
1 79
1
27
J.9
/ . 6
29
1)9
99
70 96 -
72
29
19)
19
/I
2.9
10
1 >0
96
69 5*
69
29
1 19
1)
2 4
2.6
2.*
11
1 ?6
66 54
61
t )9
1/
6. t
TOTAL
4»991
J,07? 2
,606 1,916 1.177
2. >06
I,24|
1,171
2,9)1
6)4.0
421.0
1?4.|
MAN
Ml
102
84.1 61.B 49.2
76.6
41.6
109
64.4
20.9
11.6
4. 16
MAI
220
129
109 72 96
106
71
700
161
49
>4
I 1
Ml N
tit
66
66 U 61
49
24
\0
1)
a.2
2.«
2.0
AC -M
9,110
6*090 9
,170 VtftOO 2.7)0
4,970
2, 460
A»A<>0
9,020
> ,2V)
6 1%
?«.*
CAl Tft
1949 T0T*l 72(2 )6.Q
«fAN 19t HA 1 1.600
tin 17
4C-M
|4)» 100
»T6 t«
|4*t 1 OfAL 24,201.6
*T**r 6A.J HA 1 220
MX 2.0
AC-# 1
41.000
NOTE.
¦•f
-------
B-8
ueicOOOO
LARAMIE R l\ Eft AT LAAAMIE, IrtO.•-COST
[SUED
OlSCKAtCI, l« CUBIC
MET
«l SCC(K>
, turn
TCU OCTOIfl |444
TO ItMCMlil
194?
nci
no* rtc
JAM
US
¦ At
APR »«1
J CM
JUl
AUC
i£»
i
1.2
24 41
21
22
15
27 11
154
752
72
20
i
t.i
it ii
19
21
15
29 II
114
674
45
20
»
s .t
it it
20
15
11
14 19
>11
601
59
22
*.2
25 IT
21
14
11
24 15
124
*61
55
It
s
l.t
12 29
21
15
10
25 14
144
514
51
11
k
).l
2 7 14
10
14
I«
24 II
*05
4l|
49
15
?
4.2
IS I)
i r
13
II
19 11
*74
424
44
11
•
4.4
10 19
it
is
10
1 7 10
420
194
41
It
<*
I* It
i*
it
14
17 10
411
420
41
1.2
13
4.2
IT II
21
?4
)l
IT ||
14)
424
41
7 mi
11
T.I
10 10
24
It
it
11 15
151
14 1
14
4.2
1/
6.?
4l JO
21
14
4 T
24 |T
141
161
11
10
1 1
61 II
21
42
SI
11 II
)4|
171
11
5.1
\%
SI 11
20
19
w
19 14
429
112
21
5.4
15
45 10
19
IT
49
W 15
59T
2 7|
26
6.4
K
41 1*
It
11
• 0
21 IT
692
290
26
II
1 1
M II
16
14
• 0
15 15
494
164
IT
15
1 •
4| 22
1 T
4|
II
12 14
415
15
21
IT
t »
n it
1 9
14
TO
11 15
657
199
21
22
.'J
n i«
21
11
59
15 14
629
141
19
It
ii
u n
22
IT
44
It 29
TIO
211
19
44
n
11 JO
21
11
6 1
14 59
• 44
245
17
41
11
» it
20
n
to
1* 12
1.050
III
15
29
is
10 29
If
29
59
14 124
1.0 TO
114
11
21
IS
21 19
19
12
51
IT 222
971
154
12
17
14
2* 19
IT
11
51
II 245
146
111
12
IT
IT II
It
10
45
14 )00
MO
111
15
15
14 It
22
12
41
11 414
6 M
104
12
1 1
»» It
I 4
II
1/ «•!
AA4
l»l
11
If
W It
1 1
» 1
14 149
69«
15
1 1
II
|4
21
21
46
II
trrn
t
2.1
*42 t 74
424
144
1.451
594 2,904
17.402
10
444
952
514.2
¦ f »m
«.<
12.1 21.1
20.2
10.9
4t.9
11.9 91.?
517
117
>0.7
17.1
SI
61 t)
24
4S
II
19 414
1 .070
752
72
4»
1.2
It I*
14
22
21
12 10
121
II
II
5.4
*C-»T
1
5)0
1,910 1,140
1.
244
1.720
2.110
1,110 5,740
14.410
20* TIO
1.190
1.020
C«L T
13*
rCTAL
|6,)4l.O MAN
4%
.¦
MAI 200
M|N 2
0 *C-#I 12*410
• It T*
194
lOTAt
11* 171.4 (KM
105
MAI 1,070
MlM I
i AC-»r 14,110
OIUHAtCf* IN CU4IC
MIT
Ml 1EC0N0
. «AT(t
1|U OCTOM* 1447
TO SC»TfM«€ft
1441
CAT
OCT
H01 OiC
JM
Ml
NAA
AM MAY
JUM
JUl
tuc
SM
1
41 «2
21
41
51
15 >4
4 T5
! 75
40
47
*
40 *0
21
42
54
14 42
440
141
65
42
1
9.*
>0 4t
22
44
51
12 74
710
121
45
49
4. «
ii 51
24
44
40
10 14
450
t09
56
51
21 40
24
41
64
TO 107
1,150
10T
49
55
4
24
44
TO
150 145
1.100
115
49
46
t
40 *•
24
45
It
110 145
1.400
151
44
41
1
4* 44
24
41
45
90 1M
1,500
11T
11
51
4
*2 4*
12
42
40
95 111
1.550
109
44
4)
i:
*6 «2
15
40
55
100 44
1.500
115
14
It
ii
tO 44
1}
40
50
101 9|
1 .400
III
67
14
u
56 42
12
19
52
105 94
1.100
101
75
1*
11
56 U
11
}«
54
91 HI
1,110
101
49
12
\*>
51 15
12
40
51
91 124
9 70
94
M
11
15
41 12
14
40
51
91 III
9 70
11
44
11
u
5* 10
14
42
40
91 120
1.020
75
91
10
IT
51 10
14
45
40
102 114
995
75
109
10
It
55 It
1}
50
54
100 111
• 475
74
III
10
14
5) 12
14
54
52
94 10T
910
TO
94
21
tZ
51 10
15
54
41
15 100
1*5
40
14
24
1k
54 14
15
54
45
19 94
910
51
74
25
II
19 2»
14
54
45
102 91
990
45
TO
25
l\
14 14
11
54
4?
91 m
\ .040
51
64
25
/»
15 St
40
54
50
19 Itl
1.010
55
65
24
Ji
JO 14
45
10
59
T5 214
920
47
4 T
24
I'.
21 12
4 T
50
to
4 T 249
915
42
49
14
i'
It 2*
41
SO
54
T9 U|
741
52
66
21
10 10
45
41
47
72 12 7
421
45
45
24
15 21
44
52
45
51 221
199
44
61
24
i:
45 25
44
42
49 160
129
44
64
21
ii
22
42
IT
lit
"
42
TO
rk i«l
1.0
9.t
1.111 1.114
t.
051
1 . 144
1.644
2.416 4,1)9
19.119
2
644
2,049
I. 101
¦t*4
4.2
41.T 14.0
14.1
44.5
54.7
12.9 140
9 77
14.9
47.4
14. T
• » 1
W
42 51
4t
54
T2
150 1)1
1,140
175
111
4 T
•In
9 .4
25 22
21
11
1?
10 54
129
42
11
21
«C - f 1
i
Idti
2.400 2*210
I.
100
2,410
1.140
4.410 1,410
51.190
5
140
4.140
2*110
c ». t«
l«*
roiii
14, 441* 0 Mill
101
MAa 1,OTO Ml* 5.4
AC-'* 71,250
l
-------
B-9
OhooOOOO
LA RAMI t RIVER AT LARAMIE. WYO.•-CONTISUED
OlSCHAtOC, IN CUtlC FfCT
PER 1CCOHO
MATH
Vt Al OCTOtE* 1961
TO SEPTEN6ER 1969
OAT
OCT
nov ore
JAN
Kt
MAI
APR
NAT
JIM
JUt
AUG
SEP
1
12
11 44
+4
11
*1
120
11
m
221
*9
16
2
26
n 4i
It
11
47
111
12
291
110
16
It
1
21
14 4)
16
11
47
110
1*
229
110
10
16
4
2 7
10 40
16
16
41
160
100
Itl
120
10
11
1
24
21 12
*0
40
4?
111
1 19
161
111
21
12
*
22
21 10
«)
*2
49
1 70
191
161
117
22
1.9
7
20
19 4t
w
40
46
111
294
161
110
20
6.6
t
22
24 4t
41
19
42
120
214
1 71
70
It
6.2
9
It
21 10
It
19
19
111
107
117
14
16
6.2
10
1 ?
27 10
*0
41
41
1 10
247
221
40
11
7. 1
Ik
41
10 12
41
46
41
140
21*
277
11
14
6.6
ii
*7
1) 47
41
41
42
111
247
S 17*
27
11
1.4
I)
49
11 41
4t
49
42
149
2 79
414
21
1 I
t.O
u
11
10 47
49
42
41
119
212
192
21
12
9. t
u
14
2* 47
46
*2
41
144
101
119
26
11
t .9
I*
14
29 10
44
44
41
I2«
SI*
lit
27
11
7. 1
IV
11
2t 41
It
40
14
in
192
417
2k
14
6.6
It
10
26 41
40
1*
16
to
11*
616
12
~2
6.2
19
10
10 41
4<
19
11
44
111
61%
16
19
1.9
20
4 7
11 41
10
4|
10
1)
141
4 14
11
10
1.9
21
10
42 40
IB
40
14
11
177
411
27
21
1.9
72
49
~ 6 17
49
It
60
11
411
410
21
22
1.9
21
*9
*1 *0
*0
17
11
26
469
MO
It
1 4
1.9
2*
46
41 41
17
40
92
11
120
4)7
12
1^
4. 6
21
4 7
42 41
16
10
10
49
124
444
t. 9
II
1.2
2*
44
40 42
14
46
12
16
106
174
0.0
t»
7. 1
27
4}
42 40
It
4}
14
91
101
141
7.1
lb
6.6
/*
44
41 41
40
4|
M
M
462
417
II
i b
1.6
/9
4U
4 1 4 1
II
41
4 >6
»«.*>
4U
1 <>
*» . /
10
14
41 14
11
• U
10
4 14
4b
1 1
4,4
11
))
n
11
10)
162
1?
1 /
„T01AC
1.202
1.014 1*117
1.271
1,126
1*606
,049
9.96*
lO.tOI
1.40!.*
707
242.2
MM
It.t
)>.t 44.7
41.1
40.1
11. t
102
122
160
11.t
22.1
t.07
»4K
14
44 1)
11
10
101
170
124
616
221
It
KIN
17
19 14
11
11
19
2*
12
161
7.1
12
4.1
AC-M
211 tO
2*010 2.710
2*110
2.240
1*190
6
.010
19*770
21*420
l.ito
1 .400
410
CAl Tt
IHI TOTAL 49*714.0 "6AN
11*
RU 1*114
Nt« IT
AC~#T 91,610
Nil Tl
1969 ICfAl 11,964.6 NfAN
«l.l
MAI 411
niN
4.1
AC-fT 67*410
HOT F
• -NO G4CE-»iEIChT R£CQfl0 FE»
* TO AM. 11, JULT 2 TO
AUG.
1.
OlSCHAtCf* 11 CUBIC FfiCT
7(R SECOMO
WATCH
TEA* ocrout 19*9
TO SfPllfttC* 1970
OA*
ocr
Hoy occ
JAN
fC
•At
APt
NAT
J UN
JUl
AUG
SEP
1
4.1
41 SO
16
41
12
4*
74
1.410
ft
66
24
2
4.2
109 *4
11
4}
14
41
14
1.490
116
60
21
J
6.2
79 14
»
41
16
10
49
1 *240
170
60
24
4
t.4
91 It
10
4!
14
10
47
969
141
6?
22
*
7.4
91 1?
M
10
14
60
11
114
147
66
21
*
t.O
101 41
27
14
69
It
71
t!2
166
62
20
T
10
102 42
10
14
72
61
110
617
i 19
74
1*
•
10
102 42
10
14
72
tl
110
!4|
Itl
70
1 6
*
11
96 42
11
14
67
1)7
140
617
171
tt
It
10
22
91 41
40
1*
60
149
140
to*
110
76
19
11
11
9) 41
4*
14
12
147
121
14
140
19
19
12
41
94 tr
46
14
10
I4T
1)0
1*120
I 14
11
11
1)
10
19 54
46
14
12
121
111
2.020
121
4T
It
1*
60
76 60
46
14
11
10)
212
i .too
111
4|
16
14
80
tO 14
4*
U
10
101
241
I *«10
106
17
11
1*
t4
to 14
4*
14
46
IT
202
112tO
lot
34
14
IT
It
76 14
4*
14
42
70
9t
1 *110
99
12
1 4
It
100
62 14
14
12
17
72
211
911
16
11
14
14
no
14 *1
14
10
16
67
126
114
76
27
1 1
20
110
It 41
14
47
11
70
419
712
tl
27
12
21
104
60 12
14
4t
42
72
149
672
71
2 7
1 2
22
100
62 12
It
12
12
71
641
616
91
26
| 4
21
100
62 12
**
12
66
70
toi
141
96
26
11
2*
100
62 4t
6*
12
71
61
971
121
99
11
?2
21
101
19 41
1*
41
67
It
1.010
111
94
10
20
2ft
101
12 46
16
12
62
4T
1.100
491
tt
26
U
27
101
*6 42
1*
12
60
60
1,1*0
4 12
to
24
1)
21
too
** 11
10
12
19
9|
1.210
419
71
24
)J
29
40
10 10
45
—--—
61
94
1.190
177
75
21
11
10
tl
14 |0
41
—
19
IT
1.110
117
72
20
)0
>1
*0
11
10
11
1.460
66
21
TOTAL
1*917.9
2»2t 1 1.476
1.410
1.447
1*721
2
41*
11*111
27*107
1. 771
1.14}
199
«AN
*2.1
76.0 47.6
41.1
11.7
11.1
• 1.9
411
910
122
41. 1
20. 0
MA«
110
109 60
«*
1*
71
I 49
1.110
2.020
262
II
11
Ml*
4.2
46 10
27
41
19
47
47
117
46
20
12
ac-M
1.640
4,120 2.910
I >600
2*110
1*410
4
170
29*910
14,160
7,490
2.660
1.190
CAi rt
1444 I Of At
>6.076.1 "(AN
96. t
MAX IM
nin 4
2
AC-M
71,160
¦ It vt
1910 101Al
40.66 7.4 MAN
147
MAI 7,020
• IN 4
2
AC-M
120* 700
-------
B-10
06ft60000 LARAMIE RIVER AT IAIWLE, VYO
LOCATION.-
-Lai 41*19,36,,# long 105*36,27", in NEfcSV^ sec.29,
T.16 H., R.7) V.
Albany County, on left bank 400
ft upstresa from
bridge
on acceaa
road to Interatate Highway 80, 1.2 alles
northwest of city
ull in
Laraale
end 5 miles downstraaa
froa Flve-
¦lie Creek.
DRAINAGE AREA.--1,071 iq al, of which 151 sq al la probebly noncontrlbutlng.
Drainage
area at
aouth, 4,565 sq
ml.
PERIOD OP
RECORD. --
April 1933 to current year. Irrigation aeaeons only prior
zz> 1952.
Monthly discharge only
for soae
perlode,
published in WSP
1310.
CAGE.--Water-atage
recorder. Altitude of gage la 7,125 ft (from rlver-proflle
np).
Prior to
Apr. 10, 1936.
nonrecordlna ssea on
bridge
on State
Hlghwaya 130 snd 230, 1.4 miles upstreea et different detua
. Apr.
10, 1936
. to Apr. 7, 1951. nonrecoidlne ass*.
and Apr
. 8, 1951
, to Apr. 22, 1965, vater-atage recorder
50 bridge pier, et
present
alta and detua.
AVERAGE DISCHARGE, -
-20 years (1951-71), 105 cfa (76,070 acre
•ft per yeer).
EXTREMES.-
-Current
yeer: Maxlwua discharge, 1,430 cfa June
20 (gage height , 5
.;0 ft);
alnloua dally, 10 cfa Sept. 6.
Period of record: Maxinua discharge, 3,250 cf» June 15, 1957 (gaga heigh-., 6.83
ft); alnlaua dally, 0.1
cfa Sept
. 7-9, 1950.
REMARKS.--
Records good except thoae for winter period, which
are poor. Natural flow of atreeo
effected by cranabasln diversions.
atorage
reservoirs, diversions for irrigation of about 45,000 acrea above atatlon.
and return flow froa Irrigated ereea.
REVISIONS.
- -WSP 1710: Drainage area.
01SCHARGE, IN CUBIC FEET PER SECOND* WATER YEAR
OCTOBER 1970
TO SEPTEMBER
1971
DAY
OCT
NOV DEC JAN FEB
MAR
A* It
HAT
J UN
JUL
AUG SEP
1
29
81 52 36 60
30
124
59
1*100
442
56
2
30
68 52 30 56
30
102
59
1*100
326
59
3
31
62 52 25 52
35
«3
53
950
287
54
4
35
70 52 21 46
38
75
66
900
244
51
5
38
76 52 20 40
3S
74
78
945
220
50
6
41
76 54 20 35
IS
66
8T
1*030
198
46
7
50
86 54 21 32
35
63
82
1*060
175
44
8
52
90 54 24 36
40
59
70
955
159
49
9
64
90 54 32 45
43
55
69
666
154
39
10
74
80 50 37 52
45
52
91
922
145
36
11
80
77 45 41 54
47
50
115
1*040
135
34
12
82
82 4) 41 54
49
56
12T
1*120
118
36
13
80
78 45 38 54
SO
60
126
1,190
103
34
14
82
63 46 35 50
SO
61
132
1*220
102
32
IS
84
59 46 35 49
50
62
136
1*160
101
30
16
86
66 46 39 4 7
50
59
150
W100
9l
26
17
84
70 42 46 47
5?
59
170
1,120
87
2S
18
82
70 37 48 47
SO
59
253
1*180
81
24
19
84
66 37 50 46
SO
70
260
1*270
60
23
20
85
62 37 54 40
54
71
231
1*400
75
22
21
85
64 34 SO 35
54
66
198
l,3flO
74
21
22
85
54 34 45 32
54
60
192
1*330
71
20
23
84
47 34 40 32
56
58
242
1*340
80
16
24
85
54 32 42 34
54
57
290
1*310
91
16
25
83
60 34 42 36
68
56
257
1*250
86
16
26
83
58 37 46 34
100
61
255
1*140
83
17
27
80
52 34 46 31
130
64
268
1*020
80
20
28
63
52 34 46 30
170
68
329
872
75
21
29
74
56 34 49
147
66
4 30
740
70
16
30
82
54 34 56
124
61
610
602
68
22
31
83
38 64
118
900
62
21
TOTAL
2,160
2,043 1,329 1.219 1,206
1.943 I*
951
6,403
32,614 4,
163
982 7
ME AN
69,7
68.1 42.9 39.3 43.1
62.7 66.0
207
1*067
134
31.7 25
MAX
86
90 54 64 60
170
124
900
1*400
442
59
**1 N
29
47 32 20 30
30
50
S3
602
62
16
0
ac-pt
4V 280
4,050 2,640 2*420 2*390
3,850 3,
930 12,700
64,690 8*
260
1*950 1*5
0
CAl VR 1970 TOTAL 60,705 MEAN 166 MAX 2,020
H1N 12 AC-FT
120*400
WTft YR 1971 TOTAL 56,614 MFffN I V6 MAX 1,400
w ac-ft
112*700
-------
B-ll
06660000 LARAMIE RIVER AT LARAMIE, *YO.
LOCATION.--Lat 41*19'36", long 105*36'27", in NE^SWH sec.29, T.16 N., R.73 W. , Albany County, on left bank
400 ft upstream from bridge on access road to Interstate Highway 8C, 1.2 miles northwest of city hall in
Laramie, and 5 miles downstream from Fivemile Creek.
DRAINAGE AREA.--1,071 sq mi, of which 151 sq mi is probably noncontributing. Drainage area at mouth, 4,S65 sq
mi.
PERIOD OP RECORD.—April 1933 to October 1971, April to September 1972 .'discontinued) . Irrigation seasonB only
prior to 19S2. Monthly discharge only for some periods, published m WSP 1310.
GAGE.-Water-stage recorder. Altitude of gage is 7,125 ft (from river-profile map). Prior to Apr. 10, 1936,
nonrecording gage on bridge on State Highways 130 and 230, 1.4 miles upstream at different datum. Apr. 10,
1936, to Apr. 7, 1951, nonrecording gage, and Apr. 8, 1951, to Apr. 22, 1965, water-stage recorder on bridge
pier, at present site and datum.
AVERAGE DISCHARGE.—20 years (1951-71) , 105 cfs (76,070 acre-ft per year) .
EXTREMES.--Current year: Maximum discharge, 1,190 cfs June 7 (gage heirnt, *.99 ft); minimum daily during
period of operation, 12 cfs Sept. 18.
Period of record: Maximum discharge, 3,250 cfs June 15, 1957 (gare height, 6.83 ft); minimum daily,
0.1 cfs Sept. 7-9, 1950.
REMARKS.--Records good. Natural flow of stream affected by transbasin diversions, storage reservoirs, diversions
for irrigation of about 45,000 acres above station, and return flow from irrigated arc
REVISIONS
.—WSP
1710: Drainage area.
DISCHARGE* IN CUBIC
FEET
PER SECOND.
mater
YEAR OCTOBE* 1*71
TO SEPTEMBER 1972
DAY
OCT
NOV DEC
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUfc
JUL
AUG
SEP
1
41
38
60
379
125
24
31
2
39
32
56
436
115
21
29
3
3 B
31
52
482
110
22
37
4
39
28
49
563
102
23
44
3
38
26
45
752
95
21
42
6
38
24
42
960
90
20
37
7
38
23
43
1.140
83
18
34
8
38
18
40
1,160
77
20
29
9
36
16
38
1.040
71
19
26
10
34
16
37
1.00C
66
21
21
11
34
16
43
1.00C
60'
22
IB
12
33
17
48
1.000
56
21
16
13
33
16
51
960
52
19
15
1%
31
27
50
931
48
18
14
15
31
35
46
778
44
18
14
16
30
40
49
676
42
17
14
17
30
45
46
619
40
21
13
18
36
45
47
605
38
18
12
19
52
45
68
549
34
18
13
20
52
45
91
511
32
18
14
21
54
43
127
404
32
16
14
22
54
40
190
332
31
16
14
23
56
40
275
257
28
18
14
24
57
40
273
206
27
20
14
25
57
40
222
192
25
18
16
26
56
40
2 55
171
24
20
16
27
57
42
264
161
24
28
16
28
55
46
297
150
24
27
16
29
32
50
326
140
23
24
15
30
52
56
342
132
22
23
15
31
50
347
21
27
——-
total
1,321
1*020
3.921
I 7,686
1.661
636
623
MEAN
42« 6
34«0
126
590
53.6
20.5
20.8
MAX
57
56
347
1.160
125
28
44
MIN
30
16
37
132
21
16
12
AC-FT
2.620
2.020
7,780
35.080
3.290
1.260
-------
PAGE NOT
AVAILABLE
------- |