United States National Risk Management Environmental Protection Research Laboratory Agency Research Triangle Park, NC 27711 Research and Development EPA/600/SR-96/146 January 1997 Project Summary Roanoke Woodstove Emission Tests M. Bucklarid As part of the Integrated Air Cancer Project (IACP) Roanoke study, this project characterizes and quantifies emissions generated by burning au- thentic Roanoke cordwood. The burn- ing occurred in a controlled labora- tory setting using two woodstoves, each operated at two different burn rates. The project goal was to collect organic and inorganic emissions pro- duced by burning Roanoke wood dur- ing high and low burn rate conditions similar to those in a home. The two stoves, a LOPI 380/440 conventional and a LOP11988 EPA-certified Answer low-emission model, were run at high and low burn rates simulating burn conditions found in a typical home. Eight sampling runs were conducted consisting of duplicate runs at both burn rates of the two stoves. After sampling, the sampling media, filters, cartridges, canisters, and raw data were distributed to various analytical laboratory groups for analysis. The 380/440 stove generated higher levels of emissions than the Answer stove because the latter incorporated sec- ondary combustion technology. The narrow burn rate range of the Answer stove and the scatter of all the data in general make drawing definitive con- clusions on trends difficult. It appears that the conventional stove showed a direct relationship with burn rate for volatile organic emissions and an in- verse relationship for extractable or- ganic emissions. Historically, burn rate has been shown to be the major vari- able affecting emission rates. Data are presented that may be used to calcu- late emission factors for woodstove use during the IACP Roanoke oil furnace field study. This Project Summary was developed by EPA's National Risk Management Laboratory's Air Pollution Prevention and Control Division, Research Triangle Park, NC, to announce key findings of the research project that is fully docu- mented in a separate report of the same title (see Project Report ordering Infor- mation at back). Introduction In support of the Integrated Air Cancer Project (IACP) Roanoke study, emissions generated by burning authentic Roanoke cordwood were characterized and quanti- fied. The burning occurred in a controlled laboratory setting using two woodstoves, each operated at two different burn rates. The project goal was to collect organic and inorganic emissions produced by burn- ing Roanoke wood during high and low burn rate conditions similar to those in a home. The two stoves, a LOPI 380/440 conventional and a LOPI 1988 EPA-certi- fied Answer low-emission model, were run at high and low burn rates simulating burn conditions found in a typical home. Eight sampling runs were conducted consisting of duplicate runs at both burn rates of the two stoves. After sampling, the sampling media, filters, cartridges, canisters, and raw data were distributed to various ana- lytical laboratory groups for analysis. This document compiles the work of those re- searchers. ------- Conclusions The target sampling conditions were 0.45-0.9 kg/hr for the low burn rate and 2.25-2.7 kg/hr for the high burn rate. These specific values were.not met because of operational characteristics of the Answer stove. As expected, the 380/440 conven- tional stove tended to generate higher lev- els of emissions than the low emission Answer stove because the latter incorpo- rates secondary combustion technology. In general, stack temperature correlated with burn rate, although Bum 3, at 1.05 kg/hr, had a lower average stack tem- perature than did Burn 4 at 0.72 kg/hr. For Burn 3, the extractable organic matter (EOM), GRAV, polynuclear aromatic hy- drocarbons (PAH), total aldehydes, and fine particulate matter were significantly higher than for Burn 4. The narrow burn rate of the Answer stove, and the scatter of all the data in general, make drawing definitive conclu- sions on trends difficult. It appears that the conventional stove showed a direct relationship with burn rate for volatile or- ganic emissions and an inverse relation- ship for extractable organic emissions. His- torically, burn rate has been shown to be the major variable affecting emission rates. M. Bucklandis with Acurex Environmental Corporation, Research Triangle Park, NC27709. Robert C. McCrillis is the EPA Project Officer (see below). The complete report, entitled "Roanoke Woodstove Emission Tests,"(OrderNo. PB97-131 387; Cost: $21.50, subject to change) will be available only from: National Technical Information Service 5285 Port Royal Road Springfield, VA22161 Telephone: 703-487-4650 The EPA Project Officer can be contacted at: Pollution Prevention and Control Division National Risk Management Research Laboratory U. S. Environmental Protection Agency Research Triangle Park, NC 27711 BULK RATE POSTAGE & FEES PAID EPA PERMIT No. G-35 United States Environmental Protection Agency Center for Environmental Research Information Cincinnati, OH 45268 Official Business Penalty for Private Use $300 EPA/600/SR-96/146 ------- |