MONTANA
UNDERGROUND
INJECTION
CONTROL
PROGRAM
DESCRIPTION

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n

CONTENTS
Montana Underground Injection Control
Program Description
Qaqe
I	Structure, Coverage Scope and Organization	1
II	Authorization of Injection Activities	2
A. Authorization by Rule	3
3. Permitting Process	4
III	Compliance Tracking and Enforcement	5
A. ReDorts	5
3. Surveillance Activities	7
C. Enforcement	7
IV	Inventory	3
V	Emergency Response	"9
VI	Schedule and Priority for Issuing Permits	9
VII	Mechanical Integrity Testing	11
VIII	Exempted Aquifers	12

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ATTACHMENTS
Attachment A - Work Flow Charts
Attachment B - Organization Charts
Attachment C - Description of Exempted Aquifers
Attachment 0 - Public Participation Plan

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Montana Underground Injection Control
Program Description
I. Structure, Coverage, Scope and Organization
This briefly describes the background and purpose of the Montana Underground
Injection Control Program.
The use of injection wells for disposal of waste materials, storage of
hydrocarbons, and the recovery of oil and gas is a common but largely
unregulated Dractice in the State of Montana.
Neither the Montana Department of Health and Environmental Sciences (DHES) nor
the Montana Oil and Gas Conservation Commission have demonstrated an interest
in assuming responsibility for the regulation of injection wells. Both
agencies lack the legislative authority necessary to fully assume the Federal
UIC program. While the intent of the Safe Drinking Water Act was to encourage
states to assume primary enforcement authority for the Underground Injection
Control (UIC) program, in those cases where the state is unable to meet the
program requirements or where the State does not apply for the program, the
Administrator of EPA must prescribe a program for that state. In compliance
with this requirement, the Administrator of EPA has prescribed Sections 124,
144 and 146 to the Federal Register establishing the regulatory framework for
imDlementation of the UIC program in Montana. Additionally, the Administrator
has proposed (Federal Reqister, September 2, 1983) a new Subpart BB to 40 CFR
Part 147 which specifically addresses the UIC program in the State of Montana.
Injection well activities have been divided into five classes. The classes
are described in detail in Sections 144.6 and 146.5 of the Federal Register.
In general the classification of wells is as follows:
Class I. Wells used by municipal and industrial dischargers to dispose of
waste materials below the lowermost formation containing an
underground source of drinking water.
Class II Wells which inject fluids associated with the recovery of oil or
natural gas. This includes brine waste injection, enhanced
recovery of oil or natural gas, and storage of hydrocarbons.
Class III Wells used for the extraction of minerals.
Class IV Wells used to dispose of hazardous waste materials
into or above a formation containing an underground source of
drinking water.
Class V Wells not included in Classes I-IV including air conditioning
return flow wells, cesspools, drainage wells used for storm
runoff, etc.

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Sines the State of Montana has no program in place to regulate any of the five
classes of wells, EPA will be vested with this responsiblity.
The inventory of injection wells (prepared in 1980 by the Montana Bureau of
Mines and Geology) indicates wells in the following classes:
I	II III IV	V
0 1,447 0	0	Inventory to be
completed by 1985
The Bureau of Land Management (BLM), U.S. Department of Interior has a permit
program to regulate injection wells on Indian lands and Federal leases. The
BLM program is different from the U.I.C. program in many respects. However,
EPA and the Montana BLM office are in the process of reviewing the differences
and arranging for cooDeration and support in the conduct of programs of mutual
responsibility and conduct. Both agencies hope to enter into a cooperative
agreement on the imolementation of the respective programs.
EPA will implement the program through two offices: The Denver Regional
Office and the Montana Office located in Helena, Montana. The Regional Office
will be responsible for program direction as well as administrative and
technical functions related to permit issuance and compliance monitoring. The
Helena Office will maintain lead responsibility for liaison and assistance to
the Montana Oil and Gas Commission and DEHS. The Montana Office of EPA will
also provide compliance inspection assistance, emergency response capability,
resoond to citizen complaints, attend public hearings as necessary, and
Derform field activities. The permit work load will be shared between the
Denver and the Helena Office. All final permits and all administrative
notices associated with permit issuance will be made by the Drinking Water
Branch in the Regional Office. Attachment A graphically illustrates the
relationshio between the Regional Office and the Montana Office.
II. Authorization of Injection Activities
Once a program is established in a state, the Safe Drinking Water Act provides
that all underground injections are unlawful and subject to penalties unless
authorized by a permit or a rule. The specific regulations governing
authorization by rule and by permit are contained in 40 CFR Parts 144 and 146
and 147 Subpart AA. This section summarizes the two ways wells may be
authori zed.

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A. Authorization by Rule
40 CFR Part H4 Subpart C and 40 CFR Part 147 Subpart AA authorize the
following wells for the indicated periods of time (times are from the
effective date of the program):
1.	Existing Class II (except hydrocarbon storage and enhanced
recovery wells) wells are authorized for up to five years at
which time the well must be permitted.
2.	Existing Class I and III wells are authorized for up to one year
at which time the well must be permitted.
3.	Existing Class II hydrocarbon storage and enhanced recovery
wells are authorized for the life of the well.
4.	Existing Class IV wells injecting directly into a USDW are
authorized for a period of six months. (After authorization by
rule expires, such wells are banned and must be abandoned
according to an apDroved abandonment plan.)
5.	Existing Class IV wells injecting above a formation containing a
USDW are authorized until requirements under future regulations
become available.
5. Injection into a Class V well is authorized until requirements
under future regulations become available.
All existing Class II wells authorized by rule must still comply with the
operating monitoring and reporting requirements set forth in 40 CFR Part 146,
within one year of the effective date of the program (except the requirements
pertaining to mechanical integrity).
Class IV and V wells are required to meet certain inventory and reporting
requirements within one year of authorization by rule.
The Regional Administrator may require an operator to submit a permit
aoplication when:
1.	The injection well is not complying with the provisions of the
rule.
2.	The injection well ceases to be in the category of wells
authorized by rule, or
3.	the protection of USDW's require that the injection operation be
regulated by requirements not contained in the rule.

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Rules authorizing well injections for which permit applications have been
submitted shall laose for a particular well injection or project upon the
effective date of the oermit or permit denial for that well injection or
oroject.
3. Permitting °rocess
A 11 Class I, II and III wells not in operation prior to the effective data
of the Montana implementation program must submit permit applications and be
permitted by EPA before drilling or injection may begin.
As the Montana regulations become ready for implementation, the Regional
office will develop an aporoach that will best announce the program's
initiation to the regulated community and public at large. Varied forms of
written information and of media will be evaluated and used.
Using oriorities enumerated in part VI, the Regional Office and the Montana
Office of EPA together will identify a group of well owners and request
completion of permit applications. The opportunity for receiving and issuing
a single Demit for a group of interconnected wells, such as a well field or
an oil and gas enhanced recovery project will be evaluated.
Aoplication forms with instructions will be forwarded to the owners of
injection wells identified. Staff will be made available to meet with owners
in Dre-aDolication conferences. A tracking system will be used to manage the
work_ flow, to identify the status of all application from the time
aDolications are requested through to permit issuance. Later, a compliance
trackina module will be added. Minicomputer access to a common tracking
system (and data base) is being olanned for both the Denver and Helena offices
of EPA.
Prior to aoolication submission, the applicant is required to deliver or mail
notice of the oermit application to the owners of the surface of the land and
the tenants of the land within one-quarter mile of the site of the planned
injection well and to each operator of an injection or producing lease within
one-quarter mile of the well location.
The notice must include the name and address of the apolicant, a brief
description of the planned injection activity including well location, name
and depth of injection zone, maximum injection pressure and volume, type of
fluid to be injected, the EPA contact person, and state that opportunity to
comment will be announced after EPA prepares a draft permit. If mailed, the
letters must be sent by certified mail, return receipt requested. The mail
receipts must be submitted with the permit application. If personally
delivered, the applicant must ask the person receiving the notice to certify
in writing that they received the notice and the date of receipt. These
certifications must be submitted with the permit application.

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All completed applications are to be mailed to:
Chief, Drinking Water Branch (8WM-DW)
Environmental Protection Agency
1350 Lincoln St.
Denver, Colorado 30295
The responsibility for the expeditious review and processing of all permit
aoplications will be shared between the Regional Office and the Montana
Office. Exolicit procedures for review and processing of permits are
contained in 40 CFR Part 124. The major steps involved in issuance of a
permit include:
initial review for completeness
notify applicant of completeness, require supplemental information if
necessary
draft permit
preparation of fact sheets, or statement of basis
issue public notice
hold public hearing if necessary
issue or deny permit
The technical requirements of each permit will be based upon the requirements
established in 40 CFR Part 146. The following is a summary of some of the
major elements of Part 145, for more information, please refer to the
regulati ons.
1.	Construction Requirements. All permits will require that Class
I and II well operators site their wells to inject into a
formation that is separated from a USDW by a confining zone.
All wells shall be cased and cemented to prevent movement of
fluids into or between USDW's.
2.	Mechanical integrity. All wells must demonstrate mechanical
integrity. A well has mechanical integrity if there is no
significant leak in the casing, tubing or packer and there is no
significant fluid movement into an underground source of
drinking water through vertical channels adjacent to the
injection well bore. Well permits will prescribe the
appropriate methods for determining mechanical integrity.
Depending on the class and type of well, mechanical integrity
test may include monitoring of annulus pressure, pressure test
with liquid or gas, monitoring records, temperature or noise log
and/or cementing records (classes II and III only). See also
VII below.

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3.	Operating, Monitoring and Reporting Requirements. Permits shall
establish maximum operating pressure. The pressure shall be
calculated so as to assure that the pressure in the injection
zone does not initiate new fractures or propagate existing
fractures. Permits shall also establish the frequency and
method of monitoring and the frequency and extent of reporting
to be made to EPA.
4.	Plugging and Abandoning. All Class I -1V wells	must include a
plan for abandonment. The plan must include	procedures for
plugging with cement in a manner which will	not allow the
movement of fluids either into or between USDW's.
5.	Corrective Action. All permit apolicants (except existing Class
II) shall identify the location of known wells within the
injection well's area of review which penetrate the injection
zone. If the wells are improperly sealed or abandoned, the
applicant must submit a Dlan consisting of steps necessary to
prevent the movement of fluids into USDW's. If adequate, the
olan will be incorporated into the permit as a condition.
Ill. Compliance Tracking and Enforcement
Whether authorized by rule or oermit, the injection well operator must comply
with EPA requirements. The methods of determining violations and enforcement
against them, as well as routine investigation are described in this section.
Criteria for determining compliance and noncompliance is currently the subject
of a national workgroup.
A. Reports
Each facility owner/operator is required to submit reports to the- Chief,
Drinking Water Branch (8WM-DW), Environmental Protection Agency, 1860 Lincoln
Street, Denver, Colorado 80295. The content and schedule for submission of
such reports is established by permit or rule.
The Drinking Water Branch will log in the receipt of the reports and conduct a
preliminary review to determine compliance status, and completeness of the
report. If an owner or operator fails to submit required reports or the
reoort is incomplete, the Drinking Water Branch will notify the owner or
ooerator of the status and give a specified period of time to respond. If the
owner/operator is uncooperative or unresponsive he or she will be notified
that enforcement action may be taken.
During authorization by rule, failure to meet a reporting requirement
automatically results in termination of the owners authorization and the owner

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must aoply for an individual Demit.
If reports indicate that a facility is exceeding the operating limits
established by rule or permit, the report will be forwarded to the Montana
Office of EPA for follow-up action. Such action may include a letter to the
ooerator requesting an explanation of the violation and steps taken to correct
the oroblem, a site visit to verify data, or other action as necessary. If
the response is not satisfactory, EPA may initiate further action, including
Dermit termination and enforcement proceedings. All enforcement case
preparation and referral actions will be conducted in the Drinking Water
3ranch and Office of Regional Counsel with assistance from the Montana
Office. Attachment A illustrates the relationship between the Montana Office
and the Regional Office in comoliance monitoring and enforcement activities.
B.	Surveillance Activities
The Montana Office staff or a qualified contractor will conduct site
investigations where samples of the injected fluid may be taken and injection
and annulus pressure determined, if appropriate. Files may also be examined
to insure that records are being properly maintained. Prior to conducting the
inspection, the representative from EPA will present the owner or operator a
Notice of InsDection (see attachment E). A duplicate notice will be entered
into the official file.
To insure uniformity of investigations an inspection checklist will be
developed. Approximately 30 investigations will be conducted each year, in
addition to the witnessing of plugging operations and mechanical integrity
tests. Primary targets for these investigations will be those facilities with
operating or nonreporting violations and those cited in citizen complaints.
Any noncompliance noted during an inspection will be included in the inspection
reoort issued to the owner/operator following the inspection. Explanations of
the violations noted in the inspection report and/or corrective action taken
must be sent to the Montana Office within 15 days of receipt of the inspection
reoort.
C.	Enforcement
Other than the insoection report described above, the Montana Office may
recommend that a warning letter be issued from the Denver Office of EPA with a
specific time frame for resolution. If no response or an unsatisfactory
response is received from the operator within 30 days of receipt of the
warning letter, EPA may modify or terminate the permit, or may seek
enforcement action in the Federal courts to enjoin the owner/operator to
reduce or halt further injection activity. EPA may also determine whether

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there exists an imminent or substantial threat to the health of persons and
take such administrative or court action necessary to protect the public
health.
When suing to recover penalties in court, the following limits shall apDly
(Section 1423(b)(2)):
1.	Civil cases - not more than $5,000 per day.
2.	Criminal cases - not more than SI0,000 per day.
The amount of civil or criminal penalty sought by EPA will be appropriate to
the violations and may be based on such criteria as frequency and severity of
violation.
IV. Inventory
The injection well inventory for Montana was orepared under contract by the
Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology, a research department of the State
University system. Information on approximately 1500 wells have been entered
into a computerized data processing system. The inventoried wells cover
Classes I-IV. The only class for which data has been generally available,
however, has been Class II.
All injection wells authorized by rule are required to submit inventory
information to EPA no later than one year after authorization by rule. At a
minimum, the following information must be submitted:
-	facility name and location
-	name and address of the legal contact
-	ownership of the facility
-	number of injection wells
-	nature and type of injection wells
-	ooerating status of injection wells
-	date of well completion
-	formation into which the well is injecting
The information will be used to update and verify the data gathered by the
Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology.
In addition to the above, owners and operators of Class V injection wells are
required to notify EPA of the existence of any well meeting the definition of
a Class V well under his or her control within one year of the time EPA's
program becomes effective. Within three years of the time that EPA's program
becomes effective, EPA is required to complete a Class V inventory and

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assessment report. The report will contain information on the nature and
volume of the injected fluids, an assessment of the contamination potential of
the Class V wells, an assessment of the available corrective alternatives
where appropriate and their environmental and economic consequences, and
recommendations both for the most appropriate regulatory approaches and for
remedial actions where appropriate.
The Class V inventory is being conducted under a grant to Montana State
University.
V.	Emergency Response
Rapid response to emergencies in Montana is facilitated by the presence of the
EPA Montana Office located in Helena. During office hours, the Montana
program manager or staff may be reached at (405)449-5414. After business
hours and on weekends a telephone answering machine will take messages and
advise the caller of the availability and toll-free phone number of the
National Emergency Spill Response Team.
The program manager will report to the Regional Office, by telephone, any
emergency response activities as soon as practicable.
VI.	Schedule and Priority for Issuing Permits
The following factors will be used to establish priority order for permit
issuance:
1.	Injection wells known or suspected to be contaminating
underground sources of drinking water;
2.	Injection wells known to be injecting fluids containing
hazardous contaminants;
3.	Likelihood of contamination of underground sources of drinking
water;
4.	Potentially affected population;
5.	Injection wells violating existing State requirements;
6.	Coordination with the issuance of permits required by other
State or Federal permit programs;
7.	Age and depth of the injection well; and
8.	Expiration dates of existing UIC permits.

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The injection well inventory prepared by the Montana Bureau of Mines and
Geology identified only Class II wells. No Class I, III or IV wells were
identified. All Class II wells are authorized by rule at the time the program
becomes effective.
All wells authorized by rule are subject to the reporting requirements of the
applicable regulations one year from the effective date of authorization. In
a number of cases it is possible that the Regional Administrator will conclude
from the monitoring and reporting data that there is need to require the well
owner/operator to apply for a permit based upon the priorities established
above. In such cases the Regional Administrator will notify the operator in
writing that a permit application is required, why the permit is required, and
when the application is required.
An operator of a well authorized by rule may also request that the well shall
cease to be authorized by rule and apply for an individual or area permit.
In most cases operators are not expected to voluntarily apply for an
individual permit, nor does EPA anticipate that a review of the monitoring
data will disclose the need for a permit. To avoid the undesirable position
of attempting to permit the vast majority of the Class II disposal wells
during the fifth year of the program, EPA is proposing to stage the permit
work load over the five year authorization period consistent with the
oriorities established above. Existing wells injecting into formations which
have the ootential to contaminate USDW's will be permitted first - possibly
within the first 12 months of the program. The wells will be identified by
field. EPA will notify well owners in writing at least 90 days prior to the
date to file the application of the need for such application and the reason
for the decision. Additionally, if an owner/operator of existing wells seeks
a permit for a new well to inject into a field containing existing wells, EPA
reserves the right to request a single area permit for that field.
The target permit schedule for existing wells (as a percent of the total) is:
1st year 2nd year 3rd year 4th year 5th year
15%	25%	25%	25%	10%
If the number of permit applications for new facilities is below the
anticipated levels (and permitting resources are therefore available) EPA may
expedite the above schedule and issue all of the permits to existing wells
within the first two to three years of the program.

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VII. Mechanical Integrity Testing
Before a new injection well is put into operation and prior to the issuance of
a permit for each well and at a minimum of once every five years thereafter
for the life of the oroject and permit, the owner/operator of the well is
required to demonstrate the mechanical integrity of the well or system. An
injection well has mechanical integrity if:
1.	There is no significant leak in the casing, tubing or packer; and
2.	There is no significant fluid movement into an underground
source of drinking water through vertical channels adjacent to
the injection well bore.
To determine the absence of significant leaks in the casing, tubing or packer
EPA has aporoved the following test methods:
1.	Monitoring of annulus pressure; or
2.	Pressure test with liquid or gas; or
3.	(For certain Class II enhanced recovery wells only - see 40 CFR
Part 145.08) Records of monitoring showing the absence of
significant changes in the relationship between injection
pressure and injection flow rate.
In most cases monitoring of the annulus pressure will suffice. However, for a
representative sampling of wells per field EPA will require owners/operators
to conduct oressure tests. The pressure tests will assist in assuring that
all like wells in the field have mechanical integrity and that the monitoring
of annulus oressure has validity for wells of similar age and construction
within the same field. Owners/operators of wells required to conduct pressure
tests will be notified at least 90 days in advance of the test date. If there
is a reason for exempting the specific well from the pressure test, the
owner/ooerator will be given an opportunity to present evidence on why the
well should not be oressure tested. If possible, the evidence should be
submitted as part of the application for permit. Where pressure tests are
conducted EPA will make every attempt to have an inspector witness the test.
To determine the absence of significant fluid movement into an underground
source of drinking water through vertical channels adjacent to the injection
well bore, one of the following methods must be' used:
1. The results of a temperature or noise log; or

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2.	(For Class II only) cementing records demonstrating the presence
of adequate cement to prevent such migration; or
3.	For Class III wells where the nature of the casing precludes the
use of the logging techniques cementing records demonstrating
the presence of adequate cement to prevent such migration. In
such cases a special monitoring program will be prescribed for
the owner/operator of the well.
Again, in order to insure the mechanical integrity of a well, EPA will require
a representative sampling of wells in each field to submit temperature or
noise logs. EPA will follow the same notification and exemption procedures
for temperature and noise logs as is described above for pressure testing.
To ensure that a relatively equal number of wells are tested for mechanical
integrity each year, EPA will notify a number of owners/operators that they
will be required to run a mechanical integrity test within a specified period
of time. Failure to comply with such a request may constitute ground's for
revoking the operator's permit or authorization by rule.
VIII. Exempted Aquifers
EPA provided a grant to the Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology for the
purpose of mapping the location and quality of aquifers in the State of
Montana. The information gained through this contract provides EPA with the
basis for classifying underground sources of drinking water and for exempting
aquifers which meet the criteria established in 146.04.
An aquifer may be an "exempted aquifer" if it meets the following criteria:
1.	It does not currently serve as a source of drinking water? and
2.	It cannot now and will not in the future serve as a source of
drinking water because:
-	It is mineral, hydrocarbon or geothermal energy producing, or can be
demonstrated by a permit applicant as part of a permit application for a Class
II or III operation to contain minerals or hydrocarbons that considering their
quantity and location are expected to be commercially producible;
-	It is situated at a depth or location which makes recovery of water for
drinking water ourooses economically or technologically impractical;
-	It is so contaminated that it would be economically or technologically
impractical to render that water fit for human consumption; or

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- It is located over a Class III well mining area subject to subsidence or
catastrophic collapse; or
3. The Total Dissolved Solids content of the ground water is more
than 3,000 and less than 10,000 mg/1 and it is not reasonably
expected to supply a public water system.
Aquifers which contain 10,000 mg/1 or more of dissolved solids are not
considered USDVJ's.
The ground waters found in Montana are generally of high quality. Most
aquifers are considered USDW's. Exceptions can be found in the Madison Group
and in the Pennsylvanian. In the Madison Group, near the periphery of the
Willi ston Basin, where the Charles Formation is largely an anhydrite,
dissolved solids rapidly increase from 4,000-5,000 mg/1 to more than 15,000
mg/1 within a distance of about 10 miles. The dissolved solids content of
water from the Madison Group near the center of the Willi ston Basin is greater
than 300,000 mg/1 or about ten times that of seawater.
Because of the high quality of the aquifers in Montana, EPA is proposing
to exempt only those portions of the injection formation within 1/4 mile of an
existing injection well (or field where applicable). A description of the
exempted areas is included as Attachment C. If a well owner wishes to exempt
an entire field of wells, the owner must supply EPA with the information
necessary to make such an exemption within 45 days of the date of program
oroposal in the Federal Register.
EPA feels that these portions of aquifers meet the criteria for exemption
established in 146.04 for several reasons. The Montana Board of Oil and Gas
Conservation requires that all salt water disposal wells inject "into the
strata from which produced or other proven salt water bearing strata"
(36.22.1228). A review of the inventory of wells and the available water
quality data indicates that although many of the injection strata are water
bearing, the total dissolved solids (TDS) content is generally between 4,000
and 7,000 mg/1. None have been found to be less than 3,000 mg/1.
3,y definition, the zones into which the enhanced recover wells inject are
hydrocarbon producing and eligible for exemption under 146.04(b) (provided
that the aquifer is not currently being used as a source of drinking water).
To ensure that none of the proposed aquifer exemptions are being used as a
source of drinking water, EPA is making visual inspections of some areas and
reviewing water appropriation data.
Subsequent to promulgation of this orogram for Montana, the Regional
Administrator may, after notice and opportunity for a public hearing, identify

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additional exemoted aquifers. Such subsequent exemptions will be defined as
either major or minor. Major exemptions will be made by rulemaking
procedures. Minor exemptions would ordinarilly be made by EPA without
oublication in the Federal Register, although public notice and opportunity
for a hearing will be provided in all cases.
Major exemptions would be defined as any exemption of an aquifer containing
less than 3000 mg/1 total dissolved solids that is (a) related to any class I
or IV well; or (b) not related to action on a permit.
All exemptions not defined as major would be considered minor. Minor
exemptions would therefore include all exemptions considered as part of a
single permitting action.

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ATTACHMENT A
WORK FLOW CHARTS

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PERMITTING PROCEDURES
Office of
Regional
Counsel and
Enforcement
page 1 of 3
A site visit
if necessary
site visit
1f necessary
TI review for
completeness
notify
applicant of
completeness/
Incompleteness
decision to
proceed or to
deny permit

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PERMITTING PROCEDURES (cont.)
page 2 of 3

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PERMITTING PROCEDURES (cont.)
page 3 of 3

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COMPLIANCE TRACKING AND ENFORCEMENT
page 1 of 2
Office of
Regional
Counsel and
Enforcement

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COMPLIANCE TRACKING AND ENFORCEMENT (cont.)
page 2 of 2

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ATTACHMENT 3
ORGANIZATION CHARTS

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ATTACHMENT C
PROPOSED AQUIFER EXEMPTIONS

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PROPOSED AQUIFER EXEMPTIONS
The ground waters in Montana are generally of high quality. Most of the
aquifers are considered to be underground sources of drinking water (USDW's).
3ecause of the high quality of aquifers in Montana, EPA is proposing to
exemDt only those portions of the injection formation within one-quarter (1/4)
mile of an existing injection well. Exemptions are limited to the functions
of the existing class of well. A list of the known injection wells is
attached. Formations above and below injection horizons are not being
considered for exemptions.
If a well owner wishes to apply for an exemption for an entire field of
wells, the owner must supply EPA with the information necessary to make such
an exemption within 45 days of the data of program proposal in the Federal
Regi ster.

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(Note: The complete listing of aquifer exemptions is
available in either the Region VIII Office or the
Montana Office of EPA.)

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ATTACHMENT D
PUBLIC PARTICIPATION PLAN

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Montana Public Particioation Plan
Underground Injection Control
I. Informing the Public
The public needs to be informed and knowledgeable about the underground
injection activities in Montana so that their views can be known and
considered in the decision-making activities of the Environmental Protection
Agency. The primary methods of informing and educating the public are
summarized below.
A. Public Notification
Public notification of significant decisions is required for programs under
the Safe Drinking Water Act.
The apolicant for a permit is required to hand deliver or mail notice of the
oermit aoplication to the owners of the land and tenants of the land within
one-quarter mile of the site of the planned injection will and to each
ooerator of an injection or production lease within one-quarter mile of the
well location. If mailed, the letters must be sent oy certified mail, return
receipt requested, and the mail receipts submitted .with the permit
aDolication. If hand delivered, the apolicant must ask the person receiving
the notice to certify in writing that they received the notice, and note the
date of receipt. These certifications must be submitted with the permit
application.
When a draft oermit has been develoDed, EPA will publish notice in newspapers
within the area affected by the facility or activity. This notice will allow
30 days for public comment on the draft permit and to request a hearing on the
draft permit application.
The Regional Office of EPA in Denver will notify the public when 1) a permit
application has been tentatively denied, 2) a hearing has been scheduled, and
3) when an appeal of a permit has been granted. Public notices for
tentatively denying a oermit or granting an appeal will allow 20 days for
oublic comment. Notices for public hearings will include a list of the
oermits to be discussed and will be published in local newspapers at least 30
days before the hearing date.
In order to be effective, the public notice regarding underground injection
activities must reach the persons potentially affected by the activities. To
inform interested parties in Montana of the EPA program and of where public
notices will be published, the following guidelines will be followed:
1. Periodic mailings by the Regional Office, using the mailing list
described below, will advise citizens where draft permits may be reviewed,

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D-2
where notices will be published, and who to contact for further information.
2.	A comprehensive mailing list will be developed. The mailing list will
be subdivided by area of interest and geography areas to facilitate the
dissemination of information to appropriate recipients. It will include:
a.	The permit applicant
b.	The Montana Board of Oil and Gas Conservation
c.	Local news media reporters and editors
d.	Montana Department of Health and Environmental Sciences
offici als
e.	USGS officials
f.	Local and county officials
g.	Injection facility owners/operators (list assembled by the
Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology)
h.	Other interested persons (to be solicited by periodically
publishing a notice in the local newspapers, State
newsletters, etc., explaining the opportunity to be placed
on the mai1i ng 1i st).
3.	Once developed, the mailing list will be maintained and periodically
updated. Yearly, the Regional Office will send a preaddressed return card to
all mailing list recipients, with a deadline for reply if they choose to
remain on the list. Those who fail to respond may be deleted from the list.
4.	*n addition to notices published in local newspapers when a public
hearing is scheduled, news releases will also be prepared by the Regional
Office of EPA. Other methods to obtain public participation will be used as
appropriate. Offers to speak at civic group meetings, schools, etc., will be
accepted as time permits.
B. Public Hearings
Public hearings, mentioned above, are another mechanism for public
involvement. Hearings will not be necessary for each permit, but will be
scheduled when there has been significant interest concerning a draft permit
or application denial. "Significant interest" and the decision to hold the
hearing will be determined by the Denver Regional Office after evaluation of
the comments received in response to the public notice and after consultation
with the Montana Office of EPA. Hearings will be held within a reasonable
distance of the proposed injection well or field.

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0 3
II. Responding to the Public.
A. Comments on Applications
Written comments concerning draft permits will be logged in as they are
received by the Regional Office. A standard letter acknowledging receipt of
the comments will be mailed to each person making comments. All comments
raised during the public comment period or during a hearing will be evaluated
and considered in making the final decision. A responsiveness summary will be
issued by the Regional Office when the final decision is reached.
Each responsiveness summary will briefly describe and respond to all signif-
icant comments. It will also specify if any of the draft permit provisions
have been changed and why. This summary will be made available for the public
review in both the Montana and Regional Offices. Copies of the responsiveness
summary will be sent to each person who commented and to others upon request.
3. Complaints on Operations
Our informational program will .describe how people can contact EPA if they
susDect ground water contamination or faulty operation and maintenance
techniques. The Montana Office will keeo a log of the complaints that are
received or referred to that office. A summary of this log, as well as
follow-up action taken, and resolution of the problem, will be included in the
monthly report to the Regional Office. The person who called or wrote
explaining the problem will be contacted about the resolution of the problem.

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