Mat* 2005 r.
B cpeaneM B
nera B CLUA npmviepHO
1500 we/rose*
or <-ipe3MepHO
norojjbi.1 TofibKO
rerwoBan Bonna B
B 1995 roay ynecna
CBblLUe 700 4e/70B6K.
B Espone s 2003 roay
peKOpanan TennoBan Bonna
ynecna >KHSHH npuMepHO
35 000 4e/70B6K. B o6onx
c/iy-ianx do/ibiunHCTBO
>KeprB 6bifin B Bospacre
65 ner n crapine.
Ha
c/iynai npesiviepHO
noroflbi
v\
nanv\ nv\ Bbi, HTO
TOA or «Hpe3MepHO
noroAbi» yMnpa
/iHDAePi, H6M or yparaHOB,
, TopnaAO, HaBOAHeHnPi v\
BMecre ssarbix?2
MOXST nocrpaAarb
or neperpesa, HO oco6eHHO
i onacHocru
ft/in fuofle crapLuero Bospacra
sa HMMM '-tnenoB
npocTbie Mepbi, KOTOpbie MoryT
sa HMMM nv\u,a v\
pyKOBOAMTe^n o6mnH Ana CHMxenn
BpeAHoro BOSAePicTBua HpesMepno
i noroAbi.
KTO noflBepraerca pwcKy
B03fl6MCTBMfl
npesMepHO xapKoPi noroAbi
- arc npoAo;i>Kip.ev\ B ropoAax.
OAHOM us npuHMH HB/iaeTca TO,
HTO Aoporn n SAanwH nor^oinahDT
aneprnhD n cnoco6cTByHDT
en^OBblX OCTpOBOB».
B TO BpeMH K3K Ce^bCKMS paPJOHbl
ox/iaxAaioTCH sa HOHb, ropoAa
coxpaHaHDT 3TO nomoineHHoe Tenno.
B pesy^bTaTe ropoACKne xnTe^n He
nonynaHDT AOCTaTOHHoPi BOSMOXHOCTM
OTAOxnyrb OT BbicoKnx TeMnepaTyp B
HOHHoe BpeMa. K cnacTbHD, cymecTByhDT
Te/ia MoryT 6biTb
HHDAM, xnBymne B
v\nv\ npuKOBaHHbie K nocTe/iM v\
Hecnoco6Hbie sa6oTMTbca o ce6e,
noABeprahDTca eme 6o^biueMy pucKy.
CocToaHne 3AopoBba, Hanpmviep
HapyiueHna v\
TaKxe CAenaTb
noABepxeHHbiM pucKy.
npenapaTbi,
MOryT OKaSaTbCfl HyBCTBMTeJIbHbl K
BOSAePiCTBMHD.
HpesiviepHO >KapKan norofla Ha yaiiB^eHiie nacro craHOBMTca
npiiHHHOM CMepm. YasBHMbie rpynnbi, raKiie K3K no>Kiijibie jihOflM,
nofleep>KeHbi ocoGeHHO BbicoKOMy piiCKy.
XopouieM HOBOCTbK) flBjiaejca TO, HTO cyiuecTBytOT npocTbie Mepbi,
KOTOpbie jiiOflM MoryT npeflnpMHaTb ana CBoeu saiuMTbi.
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KaK CHM3MTB BO3fl6MCTBMe
npesMepHO >KapKOM noroflbi?
HannyHiueM aammoM OT npeaiviepHO xapKOM
KpoMe roro, JIHDAM,
Ha BepxHwx araxax SAanwPi 6es
, 6o/iee
RBrmeTCfl OAHOM v\3 HannyHUJnx
Mep npojHB aaSoneBaHMM, CBRsannbix c neperpeBOM,
M civiepTM.4 Bcero necKO/ibKO nacoB B
npOBeASHHblX B KOHAMU,MOHHpOBaHHOM
Moryi 3HaHMTenbHO CHM3MTb PUCK. 3/ieKTpnHecKne
BeHTM/iRTOpbi Moryj oSecnennTb KOMCpopi, HO npn
TeivinepaTypax SJIMSKMX K 100 rpaAycaivi no OapenreMiy
(40 rpaAycaivi no UenbcuK)) OHM ne Moryi aammnTb OT
3a6oneBaHMM, CBRsannbix c neperpeBOM.
B nepnoAbi npeaiviepHO xapKOM noroAbi cneRy\ou\v\e
npocpunaKTMHecKne Mepbi Moryi cnacin XMSHM:
• nocemaMie oSopyAOBannbie KOHAMUMonepaiviM
B BaweM paMone, ec/in saiu AOM ne oSopyaoBan
CMCTGIVIOM KOHAHUHOHMpOBaHMR.TaKMMM 3AaHMRMM
Moryi 6biTb: uenipbi p.m noxunbix niOAeti,
KMHOTeaipbi, 6n6nnoTeKM, Toprosbie uenipbi nnn
cneu,nanbHbie «oxnaxAaKDmne u,eHTpbi».
* npi/iHMMaMTe xonoAHbiM AynJ n/in Banny.5
* rieMie MHoro XMAKOCTM. He XAMTG, KorAa Bbi
noHyBCTByeie xaxAy Ecnn span orpannHMBaeT sac
B npneivie XMAKOCTM, cnpocMie era, CKonbKO MOXHO
B xapKyra noroAy He ynoTpeS/iRMTe nanMTKM,
KOCpeMH, cnMpi M/iM So/ibiuoe
caxapa. OTM nanMTKM
O6e3BOXMBaHM6.
CnpocMie CBoero spana MJIM
JIM npenapaibi, KOiopbie Bbi npMHMMaeie,
K neperpesy.
HOCMTG nerKyK), CBoSoAHyK) OAexAy CBeinbix TOHOB.
HasemaMTe JIMU,, noABepxennbix pMCKy, ne
MGHbiue AByx pas B A©Hb. CneAUTe aa
3a6oneBaHMR, CBaaaHHoro c neperpeBOM,
ropRHaa, cyxaa Koxa, napyiueHMe
M arpeccMR.
noiviomb,
ECJIM noTpeSyeTCR
3BOHMT6 9-1-1.
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pucKy BOSAePicTBMH npesMepno
noroAbi. AKTMBHaa 4>M3MHecKaa
AeaTe/ibHOCTb Ha csexeM BOSAyxe v\
ynoTpeo/ieHwe cnnprHbix HannTKOB
BO BpeMH Heo6bNHO xapKoPi noroAbi
o6ocTpaeT 3a6o/ieBaHMH,
neperpesoM
KaK neperpee B /inner Ha
opraHMSM?
B HopMa/ibHbix yc/ioBMHX opraHMSM
ox;ia>KAaeTCH caM sa cner ycw/iem-ia
npnTOKa KpoBM K Koxe M o6pa3OBaHna
nora. 3a6o/ieBaHMH, CBasannbie c
neperpesoM, v\ CMepre/ibHbie
npoMcxoAHT, KorAa cucreMa
reMneparypbi re/ia neperpyxaerca.
KorAa aro nponcxoAur, noTOOTAe/iem-i
Moxer 6biTb HeAocraTOHHO. BbicoKne
ypoBHM B^axHOCTM MoryT eme
6o^biue sarpyAHMTb caMoox^axAeHne
opraHMSMa.
KaK censaHbi npesniepHO >KapKaa
norofla M renjioeoM ynap?
yAap
Han6o^ee cepbesHbiM
BOSAePicTBua neperpesa
Ha 3AopoBbe ne^oBeKa. OH
npeACTaB^aer co6oPi Hapyiuenne
cucreMbi pery^auuM reMneparypbi
oprannsMa. KorAa oprannsM repaer
CnOCO6HOCTb K
BnyrpeHHaa reMneparypa
pesKO noBbiiuaeTCH. B
ren^oBoPi yAap MOXST npuBecru
K cepbesHbiM M Heo6paTMMbiM
nopaxennaM XMSHSHHO
opranoB.
riocTpaAaBiuero MOXHO
no ropanePi, cyxoPi n KpacHoPi
HapyiueHne
v\
arpeccna. Ec^n HeMeA/ieHHO
He npwHHTb Heo6xoAMMbix Mep,
ren^oBoPi yAap MOXST npuBecru
K nocToaHHoPi MHBa/iMAHOCTM v\nv\
CMeprn. XopoiuePi
HOBOCTbHD
TO, HTO
yAapa MOXHO
npocTbie Mepbi,
npuBeAeHHbie na
3ToPi
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HTO Mower CAenaib iviecTHoe
npaBMTe/ibCTBO, HTo6bi noMOHb B3M?
MecTHoe npaBMTe/ibCTBO MOXST nrparb Baxnyio po;ib
B nporHosupoBaHMM n pearnpoBaHnn Ha nepwoAbi
HpesMepHO xapKoPi noroAbi. Ecrb ABB Han6o;iee o6mne
CTparernn - aro cucreMbi npeAynpexAeHna o xape v\
Mepbi no CHMxeHMHD
o >Kape
CucreMbi npeAynpe>KAeHiKAeHMa-Ha6nHDAeHna sa
onacHbiMM Ana SAOpoBba noBbiiueHMaMM reMneparypbi
ycraHOB^eHbi B OmiaAe/ibcfcHM, Cuar^e, HnKaro, CeHT-
Jlynce n Apyrux ropoAax CLUA v\ Esponbi.
no^yneHna npeAynpexAenna ropoACKne opraHbi
SApaBooxpaHeHna AOBOAar ary MHC^opMaunHD AO
cseAeHna noxn^bix rpaxAan, yxaxuBahDinnx sa HMMM
nv\u, v\ Apyrux rpynn, noABepxeHHbix pucKy.
GGSAOMMBIM n
Huxe Mepbi aB^ahDrca
opraHMsai4MM», Koropbie Moryr
ropoACKne HMHOBHMKM Ana npeAynpexAenna
06 onacHOCTM v\ oGecneneHna HenocpeACTBeHHoPi
HOMOIUM:
PacnpocrpaHeHne
nepes cpeACTBa MaccoBoPi
ropanux Tene4)OHHbix
Ao6poBo^bL(eB B paPioHax,
ceMePi n ApysePi.
n TpaHcnopra Ana npoesAa K HUM.
6eSAOMHblM.
Pa6ora c
paPioHHbiMM areHTCTBaMM no
;iHDAePi» Ana o6yneHna nv\u,
pucKy.
Moryr raioKe KoopAMHUpoBarb CBOHD
C MeCTHbIMM KOMMyHaJIbHbIMM C^y>K6aMM,
HTO6bl BO BpeMa Ten/lOBOPi BO^Hbl H6
B AOMax.
3KOHOMMHHbie Mepbi MOK6T
HaceneHne
ox/ia>KAeHMFi eosAyxa?
flse Mepbi, Koropbie Moryr 6biTb
paPioHOB, BKnionaioT B ce6a
MarepnanoB, orpaxahDinnx
, a raioKe nocaAKy AepeBbes v\ Apyrux pacreHnPi
Ana o6ecneH6HMa TBHH v\ ecrecTBeHHoro ox^axAeHna.
O6e CTparernn npuBOAar K CHUxeHMHD 34>4>eKra
ropoACKoro ren^oBoro ocrpoBa - B ropoAax reMneparypa
6biBaer Ha 2-10 rpaAycos no OapenrePiTy Bbiiue, HBM
B 6^n>KaPiiuMX ce/ibCKMX paPioHax. VKasaHHbie Mepbi
Moryr orpam-iHMTb Hacrory, npoAo^xnTe^bHOCTb v\ cv\ny
nepnoAOB npesMepno xapKoPi noroAbi.
CrpaTernn no CHUxeHMio neperpesa, raKne KaK
Mcno/ibsoBam-ie OTpaxaioinnx «xo^oAHbix Kpbiiu» v\
CBeTJibix rporyapoB, a raioKe nocaAKa AaHDinnx reHb
AepeBbes, MMBIOT MHOxecTBO npenMymecTB. GTM Mepbi:
reMneparypy OKpyxaiomePi cpeAbi.
ren/ioByio peaKumo, npuBOAamyio K
o6pasoBaHMio osoHOBoro sarpasHenna.
noTpe6^eHne
riOBblUJaiOT KOMCjjOpT M KaH6CTBO XM3HM.
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KaKMM oGpasoM npeswiepHO wapKaa noroAa BjiwaeT Ha
B HOpiviajibHbix yc/iOBi/iflx opraHMSM oxjia^flaerca caM sa CHGT yci/mem/ia npi/rroKa KPOBM K
KOKG M o6pa30Bam/ifl noTa. 3a6ojieBam/ifl, CBasam-ibie c neperpeBOM, M CMepre/ibMbie cjiynai/i
npOMCxoflflT, Korqa CMcreivia pery/iaum/i reMneparypbi rena neperpyxaerca.
Korqa arc nponcxo,qiiT, noTOOTflejiem/ifl MOKGT 6biTb HeflOCTaroHHO.
BbicoKMe ypOBHM B/iaxHOCTM MoryT eme 6ojibiue sarpyuHMTb caMOOxnaxfleHMe opraHMSivia.
Ana noxn^bix ^HDAePi (Aging Initiative)
EPA pea^nsyerca Ana sainnrbi 3AopoBba
i or BOSAePicTBuPi OKpyxahDinePi
nocpeACTBOM KoopAMHUpoBaHna HayHHbix
npo4>n^aKTMHecKMX CTparernPi n rocyaapcTBeHHoro
npocBemeHna. Bo^ee noApo6HyhD MHcfcopMaumo MOXHO
, noceruB Be6-caPiT www.epa.gov/aging.
flpyrne CCBIJIKM
no oxpane OKpyxahDinePi
(Environmental Protection Agency)
no CHUxeHMHD 34>4>eKra ren/ioBoro ocrpoBa
(Heat Island Reduction Initiative)
http://www.epa.gov/heatisland
Uemp npo4>n^aKTMKM n Kompo/ia 3a6o^eBaHnPi
(Center for Disease Control and Prevention)
http://www.cdc.gov/aging/
http://www.cdc.gov/nceh/hsb/extremeheat
http://www.cdc.gov/MMWR
riepcneKTMBbi no samnre 3AopoBba or BpeAHoro
(Environmental Health Perspectives)
http://www.ehp.niehs.nih.gov
AiviepuKaHCKaa MeAnunHCKaa accounauna
(American Medical Association), Qonesnvt, CBasaHHbie c
neperpeBOM npn HpesBbinaPiHbix cuTyaunax
http://www.ama-assn.org
Mereopo^ornHecKaa
(National Weather Service), Ten^oBaa so/ma n
noKasare^b reMneparypbi
http ://www. nws. noaa .gov/pa/secnews/heart/
OpraHnsauna Medicine Plus, Ten/ioBaa
http://www.niapublications.org/spnagepages/
hyperthermia-sp.asp
HauMOHanbHaa Mereopo^ornHecKaa
http://www.nws.noaa.gov/om/hazstats.shtml
ripoeicr no npeAynpexAeHMHD o ren^oBoPi
http://www.esig.ucar.edu/heat/literate.html
CCblJlKM
1. Kalkstein, L.S. and J.S. Greene, 1997. Ouei-iKa
BsanMOCBasn KnuMara n ypoBHa CMepTHOcru
B KpynHbix ropoAax CLUA, a raioKe BOSMOXHoe
BOSAePicTBue MSMeHeHna K^MMara. riepcneKTMBbi
no samnre 3AopoBba or BpeAHoro BOSAePicTBua
OKpyxaiomePi cpeAbi, 105(1 ):84-93.
2. Uenrpbi npo4>n^aKTMKM n KOHTpo^a 3a6o;ieBaHi
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