United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Solid Waste and
Emergency
Response
EPA 540/R-98/004
OSWER9272.0-14
PB98-963301
February 1998
EPA Compendium of Federal
Facilities Cleanup
Management Information
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Compendium of Federal Facilities Cleanup Management Information
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
INTRODUCTION vii
HOW TO USE THIS COMPENDIUM viii
I. Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study (RI/FS) 1
A. General 1
1. Guidance for Conducting Remedial Investigations and Feasibility Studies
Under CERCLA (1988)
2. Approaches for the Remediation of Federal Facility Sites Contaminated with
Explosive or Radioactive Wastes (1993)
3. Common Cleanup Methods at Superfund Sites (1994)
4. Treatment Technologies Resource Guides (1995)
5. Rules of Thumb for Superfund Remedy Selection (1997)
B. Risk Assessment 2
6. a. Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund: Part A (Volumes I, II), B, C
(1989-1991)
b. Standard Default Exposure Factors; Supplemental Guidance to Human
Health Evaluation Manual (1991)
c. Proposed Guidelines for Ecological Risk Assessment (1996)
7. Understanding Superfund Risk Assessment (1992)
8. CERCLA Baseline Risk Assessment: Reference Manual (1995)
9. Understanding Risk: Informing Decisions in a Democratic Society (1996)
10. Ecological Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund, Process for Designing
and Conducting Ecological Risk Assessments (Interim Final) (1997)
C. Ground Water 4
11. Evaluation of Ground-Water Extraction Remedies: Phase 2. Volume 1,
Summary Report; and Volume 2, Case Studies and Updates (1992)
12. Estimating Potential for Occurrence of DNAPL at Superfund Sites (1992)
13. Considerations in Ground-Water Remediation at Superfund Sites and RCRA
Facilities: Update (1992)
14. Guidance for Evaluating the Technical Impracticability of Ground-Water
Restoration (1993)
15. Evaluation of the Likelihood of DNAPL Presence at NPL Sites: National
Results (1993)
16. Evaluation of Technologies For In-Situ Cleanup of DNAPL Contaminated
Sites (1994)
17. DNAPL Site Characterization (1994)
18. Use of Monitored Natural Attenuation at Superfund, RCRA Corrective
Action, and Underground Storage Tank Sites (1997)
19. Commonly Asked Questions Regarding the Use of Natural Attenuation for
Petroleum-Contaminated Sites at Federal Facilities (1997)
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20. Commonly Asked Questions Regarding the Use of Natural Attenuation for
Chlorinated Solvent Spills at Federal Facilities (1997)
21. The Role of CSGWPPs in EPA Remediation Programs (1997)
D. Soil 7
22. a. Superfund LDR Guide #6A (2nd Edition): Obtaining a Soil and Debris
Treatability Variance for Remedial Actions (1990)
b. Clarification of Standards for Hazardous Waste Land Disposal Restriction
Treatment Variance (1997)
23. Guide to Principal Threat and Low Level Threat Wastes (1991)
24. Guide: Methods for Evaluating the Attainment of Cleanup Standards for
Soils and Solid Media (1991)
25. Revised Interim Soil Lead Guidance for CERCLA Sites and RCRA
Corrective Action Facilities (1994)
26. Determination of Background Concentrations of Inorganics in Soils and
Sediments at Hazardous Waste Sites (1995)
27. Soil Screening Guidance (1996)
E. Presumptive Remedies 9
28. Presumptive Remedies: Site Characterization and Technology Selection for
CERCLA Sites with Volatile Organic Compounds in Soil (1993)
29. Presumptive Remedies: Policy and Procedures (1993)
30. Presumptive Remedy for CERCLA Municipal Landfill Sites (1993)
31. Presumptive Remedies for Soils, Sediments, and Sludges at Wood Treater
Sites (1995)
32. Presumptive Remedies: CERCLA Landfill Caps RI/FS Data Collection
Guide (1995)
33. Presumptive Remedies and NCP Compliance (1995)
34. Presumptive Response Strategy and Ex-Situ Treatment Technologies for
Contaminated Ground Water at CERCLA Sites (1996)
35. Application of the CERCLA Municipal Landfill Presumptive Remedy to
Military Landfills (1996)
36. Implementing Presumptive Remedies (1997)
II. Removal/Interim Cleanup Measures 11
37. Required Use of the Removal Cost Management System for All Removal Actions
(1989)
38. Superfund Removal Procedures Action Memorandum Guidance (1990)
39. Superfund Removal Procedures Directives Notebook (1991)
40. Managing the Corrective Action Program for Environmental Results: The RCRA
Facility Stabilization Effort (1991)
41. Guide to Removal Enforcement (1992)
42. Final Revised Draft Guidance on Conducting Non-Time-Critical Removal Actions
Under CERCLA (1993)
43. CERCLA Removal Actions (1994)
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III. Remedy Selection 13
44. Guide to Selecting Superfund Remedial Actions (1990)
45. a. CERCLA Compliance with Other Laws Manual: Part 1 (1988)
b. CERCLA Compliance with Other Laws Manual: Part 2 (1990)
46. Role of the Baseline Risk Assessment in Superfund Remedy Selection Decisions
(1991)
47. Land Use in the CERCLA Remedy Selection Process (1995)
48. Role of Cost in the Superfund Remedy Selection Process (1996)
49. National Consistency in Superfund Remedy Selection (1996)
IV. Record of Decision 14
50. Guide to Addressing Pre-ROD and Post-ROD Changes (1991)
51. The Road to ROD: Tips for Remedial Project Managers (1992)
52. a. Guidance on Preparing Superfund Decision Documents: The Proposed Plan,
The Record of Decision, Explanation of Significant Differences, The Record of
Decision Amendment (1989)
b. Guidance on Preparing Superfund Decision Documents: The Proposed Plan,
The Record of Decision, Explanation of Significant Differences, The Record of
Decision Amendment (Preliminary Draft) (1992)
53. Record of Decision Plug-In and Presumptive Remedy Approach. Indian Bend
Wash Superfund Site (1993)
54. Fort Ord (No Action Plug-In Record of Decision), Fort Ord, CA. Sections 1.0 -
3.0(1995)
V. Remedial Design/Action Process 16
55. Guidance on Oversight of PRP Performed Remedial Designs and Remedial
Actions (1990)
56. Guidance on Expediting Remedial Design and Remedial Action (1990)
57. RCRA Corrective Action & CERCLA Remedial Action Reference Guide (1994)
58. Remedial Design/Remedial Action Handbook (1995)
59. Guidance for Scoping the Remedial Design (1995)
60. a. Coordination Between RCRA Corrective Action and Closure and CERCLA
Site Activities (1996)
b. Lead Regulator Policy for Cleanup Activities at Federal Facilities on the
National Priorities List (1997)
61. Advance Notice of Proposed Rule-Making (CPNR) for the RCRA Corrective
Action Program (1996)
62. Superfund Reforms: Updating Remedy Decisions (1997)
63. Establishment of Cleanup Levels for CERCLA Sites with Radioactive
Contamination (1997)
VI. Air Emissions 18
64. Control of Air Emissions from Materials Handling During Remediation (1991)
65. Control of Air Emissions from Superfund Sites (1992)
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VII. Underground Storage Tanks 19
66. How to Evaluate Alternate Cleanup Technologies for UST Sites (1995)
67. How to Effectively Recover Free Product at Leaking Underground Storage Tank
Sites (1996)
VIII. Innovative Technologies 19
68. Procuring Innovative Technologies at Remedial Sites: Q's and A's and Case
Studies (1992)
69. Innovative Treatment Technologies: Annual Status Report (Seventh Edition)
(1995)
70. Bibliography for Innovative Site Clean-Up Technologies (1996)
IX. Post-Remedial Actions 20
71. a. Structure and Components of Five-Year Reviews (1991)
b. Supplemental Five-Year Review Guidance (1994)
c. Second Supplemental Five-Year Review Guidance (1995)
72. Close Out Procedures for National Priorities List Sites (1995)
73. Procedures for Partial Deletions at NPL Sites (1997)
X. Federal Facilities/Interagency Guidance 21
A. General 21
74. Federal Facilities Compliance Strategy (1988)
75. National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan (NCP)
(1990)
76. Remediation Technologies Screening Matrix and Reference Guide (Second
Edition) (1994)
77. Guidance on Accelerating CERCLA Environmental Restoration at Federal
Facilities (1994)
78. Guide to Documenting Cost and Performance for Remediation Projects
(1995)
79. The National Priorities List for Uncontrolled Hazardous Waste Sites; Listing
and Deletion Policy for Federal Facilities (1997)
80. Final Report of the Federal Facilities Environmental Restoration Dialogue
Committee (FFERDC): Consensus Principles and Recommendations for
Improving Federal Facilities Cleanup (1997)
B. Department of Defense 23
81. Navy/Marine Corps Installation Restoration Manual (1992)
82. U.S. Army Installation Restoration Program Guidance Manual (1993)
83. EPA/Navy CERCLA Remedial Action Technology Guide (1993)
84. Presumptive Remedy Engineering Evaluation Cost Analysis (PREECA)
(1995)
85. PR98 Environmental Compliance Cookbook (1995)
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86. Defense Environmental Restoration Annual Report to Congress, Fiscal Year
1996, Volume 1 of 2 (1996)
87. Proposed Rule on Restoration Advisory Boards (RABs) (1996)
C. Department of Energy 25
88. The Streamlined Approach for Environmental Restoration (SAFER) (1994)
89. Policy on Decommissioning of Department of Energy Facilities Under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
(CERCLA) (1995)
XL Quality Assurance 25
90. Data Quality Objectives Process for Superfund, Workbook (1993)
91. Data Quality Objectives Process for Superfund, Interim Final Guidance (1993)
92. Superfund Administrative Reforms Annual Report (1996)
XII. Databases/Users' Manuals 26
A. General 26
93. Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) (1988)
94. Removal Cost Management System (Version 3.2) User's Guide (1990)
95. a. Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic Model for Lead in Children
(IEUBK) Version 0.99D (1994)
b. Guidance Manual for the Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic Model
for Lead in Children (1994)
c. Technical Support Document - Parameters and Equations Used in
Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic Model for Lead in Children (Version
0.99D) (1994)
d. Validation Strategy for Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic Model for
Lead in Children (1994)
96. Annual Health Effects Assessment Summary Tables (HEAST) (1997)
97. Bioremediation in the Field Search System (BFSS) (1995)
98. VISITT (Vendor Information System for Innovative Treatment
Technologies) User's Manual (1996)
B. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) 29
99. LandView™ III (1998)
XIII. Internet Web Sites 29
A. General 29
100. Department of Energy Home Page
101. Defense Technical Information Center Home Page
102. Environmental Protection Agency Home Page
103. Federal Facilities Restoration and Reuse Office Home Page
104. Federal Technology Transfer Offices on the Internet
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105. Hazardous Waste Clean-Up Information (CLU-IN) Home Page
106. Office of Underground Storage Tanks Home Page
107. RCRA State Authorization File Libraries: Policy and Guidance Documents
108. Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program
109. Technology Innovation Office Home Page
110. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Innovative Technology Program
B. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) 33
111. The Geographic Information Systems FAQ
112. Geographic Information Systems Resources & Materials
113. Geographic Information Systems Tools
114. Yahoo: Top: Science: Geography: Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
Web Site
XIV. Other Related Compendiums and Resources 33
115. Compendium of CERCLA ARARs Fact Sheets and Directives (1991)
116. Catalog of Superfund Program Information Products (1994)
117. Fitting the Pieces Together: The Role of EPA Offices in Federal Facilities Cleanup
and Reuse (1997)
118. Catalog of Materials on Federal Facilities Restoration and Reuse (1997)
HOW TO OBTAIN DOCUMENTS LISTED IN THIS GUIDE 35
INDEX A-l
VI
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INTRODUCTION
This Compendium of Federal Facilities Cleanup Management Information (formerly titled
Compendium of Hazardous Waste Remediation Management Information) outlines key
hazardous substance and waste remedy publications, guidance, databases, CD-ROMs, and
Internet home pages for Federal facilities' remedial managers to use as key references to guide
their supervision of the remediation of hazardous waste sites. The resources in this Compendium
were recommended by OSWER and FFRRO staff, both at Headquarters and in the regions.
These key resources will assist the remedial manager to plan, implement, and oversee both
immediate and long-term remedial actions, with a focus on the selection of remedies. This
Compendium includes resources produced by EPA's Federal Facilities Restoration and Reuse
Office (FFRRO), Technology Innovation Office, Office of Emergency and Remedial Response,
Office of Underground Storage Tanks, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response, and
Office of Research and Development, as well as the Department of Energy, the Department of
Defense, and the Federal Remediation Technologies Roundtable. The "Other Related
Compendiums and Resources" section references compendiums and catalogs in which you can
find information on related topics.
You can find the Compendium on-line at www.epa.gov/swerffrr/guide.htm (FFRRO Home Page,
Initiatives and Guidance Section). The Compendium is in HTML, WordPerfect, and PDF formats
for viewing and downloading. For more information about Federal facilities, please see the
FFRRO Home Page (www.epa.gov/swerffrr/).
This is the first annual update of the Compendium. For comments or questions regarding this
Compendium, please contact:
Marianne Lynch
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response
Federal Facilities Restoration and Reuse Office
401 M Street, S.W.
Washington D.C.
Phone: (202)260-5686
E-mail: lynch.marianne@epamail.epa.gov
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HOW TO USE THIS COMPENDIUM
Finding a Document in the Compendium
The Table of Contents lists all resources referenced in this Compendium, as well as their
publication dates and the page on which each topic section begins.
The resources are organized by the following subject topics: remedial investigation/feasibility
study (RI/FS), which includes risk assessment, ground water, soil, and presumptive remedies;
removal/interim cleanup measures; remedy selection; record of decision; remedial design/action
process; air emissions; underground storage tanks; innovative technologies; post-remedial actions;
Federal facilities/interagency guidance, which includes general, Department of Defense, and
Department of Energy; quality assurance; databases/users' manuals, which includes general and
Geographic Information Systems (GIS); Internet home pages, which also includes general and
Geographic Information Systems (GIS); and other related compendiums and resources.
The resources are organized within each topic section by publication date, from oldest to most
current resource (i.e., a 1995 resource is listed before a 1997 resource). Each resource has been
assigned a number (called "resource number"). Some resources are grouped together within one
resource number because they are closely related; for example, when one resource is a supplement
or draft update to the other.
A comprehensive index is presented at the end of the Compendium, which has been organized
around key topic areas with extensive cross-referencing of the resource numbers.
Understanding the Resource Entries
Each resource entry includes a bibliography, web site address (if available at Compendium
publication time), and an abstract. Each part of the bibliography described below is provided, as
available. The short abstract highlights key aspects of the resource's subject matter and any
unique characteristics about its format or content. The bibliographic format is as follows:
Title of Resource. Publication Date. Number of Pages. Publication Office. Publication
Numbers. Publication City. Type of Document. [Where Document Can Be Located]
web site address
Abstract...
Obtaining Copies of the Compendium and Its Resources
HTML, PDF, and Word Perfect versions of the Compendium are available on the FFRRO Home
Page (Initiatives and Guidance section) at www.epa.gov/swerffrr/guide.htm. The web address
links you to full text of the resource, not bibliographies, short summaries, or other shortened
information. Remember, sometimes Internet versions of documents are not comprehensive (e.g.,
they may not contain all of the original graphics or may be designed in a different format); you
may want to obtain a hard copy as well.
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At the end of this Compendium., in the section titled, "How to Obtain Documents Listed in This
Guide," is a description of how hard copies of each resource can be obtained. To obtain a hard
copy of the Compendium, please contact Marianne Lynch (as noted in the "Introduction").
Reminder: Bibliographic references and Internet web site addresses are current as of February
1998. Look for annual updates to the Compendium for the most up-to-date resources.
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Compendium of Federal Facilities Cleanup Management Information
I. Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study (RI/FS)
A. General
1. Guidance for Conducting Remedial Investigations and Feasibility Studies Under CERCLA
(Interim Final). 1988. 198 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Emergency and Remedial Response. PB89-184626, OSWER 9355.3-01, EPA/540/G-
89/004. Washington, DC. [Available from NTIS, Superfund Docket]
cioma40.cin.epa.gov:6003/ (This is the National Environmental Publications Information
web site, where you can enter the title of the document, click on the "Search for" button,
and locate the document for viewing and printing.)
This document outlines a Superfund RI/FS approach that is a dynamic and flexible
process that can and should be tailored to specific circumstances of individual sites. The
objective of the RI/FS process is not the unobtainable goal of removing all uncertainty,
but rather to gather information sufficient to support an informed risk management
decision regarding which remedy appears to be most appropriate for a given site. The
appropriate level of analysis to meet the objective can only be reached through constant
strategic thinking and careful planning concerning the essential data needed to research
a remedy selection decision.
2. Approaches for the Remediation of Federal Facility Sites Contaminated with Explosive or
Radioactive Wastes (Handbook). 1993. 128 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Research and Development. EPA 625/R-93/013. Washington, DC.
[Available from CERI]
Contents of this handbook include: Safety concerns when investigating and treating
explosives waste; field screening methods for munitions residues in soil; characterization
of radioactive contaminants for removal assessment; overview of approaches to
detection, retrieval, and disposal of unexploded ordnance; and explanations of relevant
technologies.
3. Common Cleanup Methods at Superfund Sites. 1994. 28 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Emergency and Remedial Response. EPA 540/R-94/043,
OSWER-9203.1-16, PB94-963271. [Available from CERI, NCEPI, NTIS]
www.pin.org/eproducts.htm
This booklet contains one-page fact sheets on 11 common cleanup methods used at
Superfund sites across the nation. The fact sheets address the following questions: What
is the method? How does it work? Where has it been used? What are the reasons for
using it?
4. Treatment Technologies Resource Guides. 1995. Approx. 30 pp each. (EPA) U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency. [Available from NCEPI]
Groundwater Technology Resource Guide EPA/542/B-94/009 (TIO)
Bioremediation Resource Guide EPA/542/B-93/004 (TIO)
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Physical/Chemical Treatment Technology
Resource Guide EPA/542/B-94/008 (TIO)
Soil Vapor Extraction Treatment Technology
Resource Guide EPA/542/B-94/007 (TIO)
Each of these resource guides identifies a cross-section of technical information and
specialized support services related to the subject technology to aid users in remedial
decision-making. Contents include abstracts of field reports and guidance documents,
computer systems/databases, pertinent regulations and associated guidance documents,
program hotlines, and Federal centers for ordering publications. In addition, each
document includes a matrix that allows the user to quickly scan available resources and
access more detailed abstracts as needed.
5. Rules of Thumb for Superfund Remedy Selection. 1997. 23 pp. (EPA) U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response. EPA
540/R-97/013, OSWER 9355.0-69, PB97-963301. Washington, DC. [Available from
NTIS]
www.epa.gov/superfund/oerr/techres/rulesthm/abstract.htm
This guidance document describes key principles and expectations, interspersed with
"bestpractices" based on program experience, that should be consulted during the
Superfund remedy selection process. These remedy selection "Rules of Thumb " are
organized into three major policy areas: 1) risk assessment and risk management; 2)
developing remedial alternatives; and 3) ground water response actions. The purpose of
this guide is to briefly summarize key elements of various remedy selection guidance
documents and policies in one publication. For more detailed discussions of these policy
areas, consult the National Contingency Plan (NCP) and the guidance documents listed
at the end of each section. This guide was developed as one of the Superfund
administrative reforms announced by Administrator Carol Browner on October 2, 1995.
B. Risk Assessment
6. a. Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund: Part A (Volumes I, II), B, C. 1989-1991. 510
pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Emergency and Remedial
Response. PB90-155581, EPA 540/1-89/002. Human Health Evaluation Manual.
[Available from NTIS, Superfund Docket]
cioma40.cin.epa.gov:6003/ (This is the National Environmental Publications Information
web site, where you can enter the title of the document, click on the "Search for" button,
and locate the document for viewing and printing.)
The document highlights the baseline risk assessment, both human health and
environmental (Part A), refinement of preliminary remediation goals (PRGs) (Part B),
and the evaluation of remedial alternatives (Part C). It will assist RPMs, site engineers,
risk assessors, and others to develop PRGs that satisfy the "threshold criteria " of the
NCP, to protect human health and the environment, to comply with ARARs, and to
develop and use risk information to evaluate remedial alternatives during the feasibility
study. Links between the human health evaluation, environmental evaluation, and the
RI/FS are highlighted.
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b. Standard Default Exposure Factors; Supplemental Guidance to Human Health Evaluation
Manual. 1991. 17 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid
Waste and Emergency Response. OSWER-9285.6-03. Washington, DC. [Available from
Superfund Docket]
This guidance supplements the Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund: Human Health
Evaluation Manual (Part A, Volume I, 1989). It was developed to reduce unwarranted
variability in the exposure assumptions used to characterize potentially exposed
populations in the baseline risk assessment. The document includes two attachments that
cover activity specific inhalation rates and estimating adult soil ingestion in the
commercial/industrial se tting.
c. Ecological Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund, Process for Designing and
Conducting Ecological Risk Assessments (Interim Final). June 2, 1997. 260 pp.
attachment. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and
Emergency Response, Office of Emergency and Remedial Response. EPA 540/R-97/006,
OSWER 9285.7-25, PB97-93211. Washington, DC. [Available from NTIS]
This memorandum and guidance transmits the interim final Ecological Risk Assessment
Guidance for Superfund, Process for Designing and Conducting Ecological Risk
Assessments. This guidance was prepared to address the questions posed by Remedial
Project Managers and On-Scene Coordinators related to conducting ecological risk
assessments, and supersedes Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund: Part A (Volume
II), cited above.
1. Understanding Superfund Risk Assessment. 1992. 7 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response. PB9296-3372,
OSWER-9285-7-06FS. Fact Sheet. [Available from NTIS, Superfund Docket]
This fact sheet summarizes Superfund's risk assessment process, specifically the four
components of an assessment: data collection and evaluation, exposure assessment,
toxicity assessment, and risk characterization.
8. CERCLA Baseline Risk Assessment: Reference Manual. 1995. Approx. 120 pp. (DOE)
U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Environmental Policy & Assistance,
RCRA/CERCLA Division (EH-413). Washington, D.C. [Available from Center for
Environmental Management Information]
tis-nt.eh.doe.gov/oepa/guidance/cercla/risk_all.pdf
This document is intended to guide project personnel through the process of interpreting
EPA guidance on the CERCLA Baseline Risk Assessment and help project personnel to
discuss EPA guidance with regulators, decision makers, and stakeholders as it relates to
conditions at a particular DOE environmental restoration site.
9. Understanding Risk: Informing Decisions in a Democratic Society. 1996. 249 pp. National
Research Council, National Academy of Sciences, National Academy Press. Paul C. Stern
and Harvey V. Fineberg, editors. [Available from National Academy Press]
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This book was the result of a project approved by the Governing Board of the NRC,
whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the
National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The book addresses the
major dilemma of coping with risk in a democratic society; detailed scientific and
technical information is essential for making decisions, but the people who make and live
with those decisions are not scientists. The volume offers clear guidelines and principles
for informative decision-making about the wide variety of risks to human health and the
quality of the environment. Subjects covered include risk characterization, judgment in
the risk decision process, deliberation, analysis, integrating analysis and deliberation,
implementing the new approach, and principles of risk characterization.
10. Proposed Guidelines for Ecological Risk Assessment. 1996. 80 pp. (EPA) U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency. 61 FR 47551. [Available from GPO]
www.epa.gov/ORDAVebPubs/ecorisk/
Developed as part of an interoffice guidelines development program by a technical panel
of the Risk Assessment Forum, these proposed guidelines expand upon previous risk
assessment guidance, and will help improve the quality of ecological risk assessments at
EPA while increasing the consistency of assessments among the Agency's offices and
regions.
C. Ground Water
11. Evaluation of Ground-Water Extraction Remedies: Phase 2. Volume 1, Summary Report;
and Volume 2, Case Studies and Updates. 1992. 450 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Emergency and Remedial Response. PB92-963341CDH,
PB92-963347HDM. Washington, DC. [Available from Superfund Docket]
cioma40.cin.epa.gov:6003/ (This is the National Environmental Publications Information
web site, where you can enter the title of the document, click on the "Search for" button,
and locate the document for viewing and printing.)
This report is the second phase of a study to evaluate the effectiveness of ground water
extraction remediation systems at hazardous waste sites. Volume 2 discusses the case
studies - individual analyses of each of the 24 sites associated with the project.
12. Estimating Potential for Occurrence of DNAPL at Superfund Sites. 1992. 11 pp. (EPA)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Emergency and Remedial Response.
OSWER 9355.4-07FS, PB92-963338. Washington, DC. [Available from NTIS]
The presence of Dense Non-aqueous Phase Liquids (DNAPL) in soils and aquifers can
control the ultimate success or failure of remediation at a hazardous waste site. Because
of the complex nature of DNAPL transport and fate, DNAPL may often be undetected by
direct methods, leading to incomplete site assessments and inadequate remedial designs.
Sites affected by DNAPL may require a different conceptual framework to develop
effective characterization and remedial actions. This guide will help determine if
DNAPL-based characterization strategies should be employed at a particular site. The
approach, which uses historical site use information and site characterization data, is
described in the fact sheet.
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13. Considerations in Ground-Water Remediation at Superfund Sites and RCRA Facilities:
Update. 1992. 13 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Emergency
and Remedial Response. PB92-963358/HDM, OSWER-9283.1-06. Directive.
Washington, DC. [Available from NTIS, Superfund Docket]
This updated directive clarifies and expands OSWER 's general policy concerning
remediation of contaminated ground water, especially with regard to nonaqueous phase
liquid (NAPL) contaminants. The document promotes a consistent and sound approach
to ground water remediation at both Superfund sites and RCRA facilities and reinforces
OSWER's commitment to clean up ground water contamination.
14. Guidance for Evaluating the Technical Impracticability of Ground-Water Restoration
(Interim Final). 1993. 26 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Solid Waste and Emergency Response. OSWER 9234.2-25. Washington DC. [Available
from Superfund Docket]
This OSWER directive clarifies how EPA will determine whether ground water
restoration under Superfund is technically impracticable and what alternative measures
or actions must be undertaken to ensure that the final remedy is protective. Topics
include the types of technical data and analyses needed to support EPA's evaluation of a
particular site as well as the criteria used to make a determination.
15. Evaluation of the Likelihood of DNAPL Presence at NPL Sites: National Results. 1993.
119 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Solid Waste and
Emergency Response. EPA 540/R-93/073, OSWER-9355.4-13, PB93-963343HDM.
Washington, DC. [Available from CERI, NCEPI, NTIS]
This document presents the results of a survey undertaken by EPA to estimate the
proportion of NPL sites where subsurface DNAPL contamination may be present.
Earlier studies by OERR suggested that DNAPLs may be more common at hazardous
waste sites than previously thought.
16. Evaluation of Technologies For In-Situ Cleanup of DNAPL Contaminated Sites. 1994.
190 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and
Development. Washington, DC. EPA 600/R-94/120, PB94-195039/XAB. [Available from
CERI, NTIS]
This report provides a review and technical evaluation ofin-situ technologies for
remediation of DNAPL contamination occurring below the ground water table. The
technologies are reviewed and evaluated on the basis of their theoretical background,
field implementation, level of demonstration and performance, waste, technical and site
applicability/limitations, cost, and availability.
17. DNAPL Site Characterization. 1994. 12 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Emergency and Remedial Response. EPA 540/F-94/049, OSWER
9355.4-16FS, PB94-963317. Washington, DC. [Available from NTIS]
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Dense non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs), such as some chlorinated solvents, coal tar
wastes, creosote based wood-treating oils, and some pesticides, are immiscible fluids with
a density greater than water. As a result of widespread production, transportation, use,
and disposal of hazardous DNAPLs, there are numerous DNAPL contamination sites in
North America. The potential for significant long-term ground water contamination by
DNAPL chemicals at many sites is high due to their toxicity, limited solubility (but much
higher than drinking water limits), and significant migration potential in soil gas, ground
water, and/or as a separate phase liquid. DNAPL chemicals, particularly chlorinated
solvents, are among the most prevalent ground water contaminants identified in ground
water supplies and at waste disposal sites.
18. Use of Monitored Natural Attenuation at Superfund, RCRA Corrective Action, and
Underground Storage Tank Sites (Interim Final). 1997. 34 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response. OSWER 9200.4-17,
PB97-963312. Washington, DC. [Available from NTIS]
www.epa.gov/swerustl/directiv/d9200417.htm
The directive is intended to promote consistency in how monitored natural attenuation
remedies are proposed, evaluated, and approved. As a policy document, it does not
provide technical guidance on evaluating Monitored Natural Attenuation remedies. This
directive is being issued as Interim Final and may be used immediately. It provides
guidance to EPA staff, to the public, and to the regulated community on how EPA intends
to exercise its discretion in implementing national policy on the use of Monitored Natural
Attenuation. The document does not, however, substitute for EPA's statutes or
regulations, nor is it a regulation itself and, thus, it does not impose legally-binding
requirements on EPA, States, or the regulated community, and may not apply to a
particular situation based upon the circumstances.
19. Commonly Asked Questions Regarding the Use of Natural Attenuation for Petroleum-
Contaminated Sites at Federal Facilities. 1997. 6 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency and (DoD) U.S. Department of Defense, Air Force, Army, Navy, and
Coast Guard. Washington, DC. [Available from Internet]
www.epa.gov/swerffrr/faq.htm
This fact sheet addresses the concerns of petroleum products released into the
environment through the process of natural attenuation. Natural attenuation is
recognized by the EPA as a viable method of remediation for soil and ground water that
can be evaluated and compared to other methods of achieving site remediation as apart
of the remedy selection process. Graphics and text boxes are included to further explain
the process and concerns.
20. Commonly Asked Questions Regarding the Use of Natural Attenuation for Chlorinated
Solvent Spills at Federal Facilities. 1997. 6 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency and (DoD) U.S. Department of Defense, Air Force, Army, Navy, and Coast
Guard. Washington, DC. [Available from Internet]
www.epa.gov/swerffrr/faq.htm
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This fact sheet addresses the concerns of chlorinated solvents released into the
environment through the process of natural attenuation. Natural attenuation is
recognized by the EPA as a viable method of remediation for soil and ground water that
can be evaluated and compared to other methods of achieving site remediation as apart
of the remedy selection process. Graphics and text boxes are included to further explain
the process and concerns.
21. Memorandum: The Role of CSGWPPs in EPA Remediation Programs. April 4, 1997. 13
pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency
Response. OSWER 9283.1-09. Washington, DC. [Available from NTIS]
www.epa.gov/oerrpage/superfnd/web/oerr/techres/roledesc.htm
This directive recommends that EPA remediation programs be familiar with
Comprehensive State Ground Water Protection Programs (CSGWPPs) and utilize them
as a means of giving more flexibility to a State for management of ground water
resources. It also establishes the policy that EPA remediation programs generally
should: 1) defer to State determinations of current and future ground water uses, when
based on an EPA-endorsed CSGWPP that has provisions for site-specific decisions; and
2) participate in EPA's review and endorsement of CSGWPPs.
D. Soil
22. a. Superfund LDR Guide #6A (2nd Edition): Obtaining a Soil and Debris Treatability
Variance for Remedial Actions. 1990. 6 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response. OSWER 9347.3-06BFS.
Washington, DC. Quick Reference Fact Sheet. [Available from NCEPI]
EPA recently finalized treatment standards for soil and debris. This fact sheet outlines
the process for obtaining and complying with a treatability variance for soil and debris
that are contaminated with RCRA hazardous wastes before the revised standards were
finalized. The Federal Register citation below refers to the recent finalization of the
treatment standards described in the fact sheet.
b. Clarification of Standards for Hazardous Waste Land Disposal Restriction Treatment
Variance (Final Rule). December 5, 1997. 7 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency. 40 CFR Part 268. Volume 62, Number 234, 64503-64509. Washington, DC.
[Available from GPO]
www.access.gpo.gov/su_docs/aces/aces 140. html
EPA finalized clarifying amendments to the rule authorizing treatment variances from
the national Land Disposal Restrictions (LDR) treatment standards. The clarifying
changes adopt EPA 's longstanding interpretation that a treatment variance may be
granted when treatment of any given waste to the level or by the method specified in the
regulations is not appropriate, whether or not it is technically possible to treat the waste
to that level or by that method. In response to comment, the Agency indicates in the rule
the circumstances when application of the national treatment standard could be found to
be "inappropriate, " specifically where the national treatment standard is unsuitable
from a technical standpoint or where the national treatment standard could lead to
environmentally counterproductive results by discouraging needed remediation.
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23. Guide to Principal Threat and Low Level Threat Wastes. 1991. 4 pp. (EPA) U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Emergency and Remedial Response.
OSWER-9380.3-06FS, PB92-963345. Washington, DC. [Available from NTIS]
The National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan states that the
EPA expects to use "treatment to address the principal threats posed by a site, wherever
practicable " and "engineering controls, such as containment, for waste that poses a
relatively low long-term threat. " The guide explains considerations that should be taken
into account in categorizing waste for which treatment or containment generally will be
suitable and provides definitions, examples, and ROD documentation requirements
related to wastes that constitute a principal or low level threat.
24. Guide: Methods for Evaluating the Attainment of Cleanup Standards for Soils and Solid
Media. 1991. 8 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Emergency
and Remedial Response. PB91-921365/HDM, OSWER-9355.4-04FS. Washington, DC.
Fact Sheet. [Available from NTIS, Superfund Docket]
This fact sheet highlights statistical concepts and methods used in the evaluation of the
attainment of cleanup standards. It provides an example of a basic procedure for
determining sample size required to obtain a given confidence level focusing on a
cleanup standard. This fact sheet should be considered a technical reference guide for
using some of the more common cleanup methodologies.
25. Revised Interim Soil Lead Guidance for CERCLA Sites and RCRA Corrective Action
Facilities. 1994. 25 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Emergency and Remedial Response. PB94-963282, OSWER-9355.4-12, EPA 540/F-
94/043. Washington, DC. [Available from NTIS, Superfund Docket]
This guidance document establishes a streamlined approach for determining protective
levels for lead in soil at CERCLA sites and RCRA facilities that are subject to corrective
action under RCRA section 3004(u) or 3008(h). This interim directive replaces all
previous directives on soil lead cleanup for CERCLA and RCRA programs.
26. Determination of Background Concentrations of Inorganics in Soils and Sediments at
Hazardous Waste Sites. 1995. 35 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response. EPA 540/S-96/500, PB96-145412.
[Available from NTIS, Superfund Docket]
This paper provides scientists investigating hazardous waste sites a summary of the
technical issues that need to be considered when determining if a site has elevated levels
of inorganics relative to local background concentrations. Issues discussed include a
selection of background sampling locations, considerations in the selection of sampling
procedures, and statistical analyses for determining whether contaminant levels are
significantly different on a potential waste site and a background site. This paper
focuses on inorganics and, in particular, metals. Metals with radioactive isotopes that
may be included at hazardous waste sites are also included.
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27. Soil Screening Guidance. 1996. 12 pp., 439 pp., and 89 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response. OSWER 9355.4-
14FSA, 9355.4-17A, 9355.4-23; PB96-963501, PB96-963502, PB96-963505.
Washington, DC. Quick Reference Fact Sheet, Technical Background Document, and
User's Guide. [Available from CERI, NCEPI]
www.epa.gov/superfund/oerr/soil/index.html
This guidance consists of a fact sheet, user's guide, and technical background document.
They detail an overall approach for developing Soil Screening Levels (SSLs) for specific
contaminants and exposure pathways at hazardous waste sites under a residential land
use scenario.
E. Presumptive Remedies
28. Presumptive Remedies: Site Characterization and Technology Selection for CERCLA
Sites with Volatile Organic Compounds in Soil. 1993. 25 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response. EPA 540/F-93/048,
OSWER-9355.0-48FS, PB93-963346. Washington, DC. Quick Reference Fact Sheet.
[Available from CERI, NCEPI]
This fact sheet highlights the presumptive remedies for CERCLA sites with soils
contaminated by volatile organic compounds. Charts and matrices are employed to
explain and compare the various technologies.
29. Presumptive Remedies: Policy and Procedures. 1993. 7 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response. EPA 540/F-93/047,
OSWER-9355.0-47FS, PB93-963345. Washington, DC. Quick Reference Fact Sheet.
[Available from CERI, NCEPI, NTIS]
This quick reference fact sheet uses a question and answer format to provide a general
overview of the presumptive remedies approach, a tool to accelerate cleanups within the
Superfund Accelerated Cleanup Model.
30. Presumptive Remedy for CERCLA Municipal Landfill Sites. September 1993. 14 pp.
(EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency
Response. EPA 540/F-93/035, OSWER-9355.0-49FS, PB93-963339. Washington, DC.
Quick Reference Fact Sheet. [Available from CERI, NCEPI]
This fact sheet establishes containment as the presumptive remedy for CERCLA
municipal landfill sites. It highlights the importance of certain streamlining principles
related to the planning of the RI/FS. It also provides clarification of and additional
guidance on the level of detail appropriate for risk assessment of source areas and the
characterization of hot spots.
31. Presumptive Remedies for Soils, Sediments, and Sludges at Wood Treater Sites. 1995. 53
pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency
Response. PB95-963410, OSWER-9200.5-162, EPA 540/R-95/128. Washington, DC.
[Available from NTIS, Superfund Docket]
www.epa.gov/superfund/oerr/remedv/wood/index.htm
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This guidance describes the contaminants generally found at wood treater sites;
describes the site characterization and technology screening steps; outlines the data that
should be used to select a presumptive remedy; and presents the presumptive remedies
for contaminated soils, sediments, and sludges at wood treater sites. The presumptive
remedies for wood treater sites with soils, sediments, and sludges contaminated with
organic contaminants are bioremediation, thermal desorption, and incineration. The
presumptive remedy for wood treater sites with soils, sediments, and sludges
contaminated with inorganic contaminants is immobilization.
32. Presumptive Remedies: CERCLA Landfill Caps RI/FS Data Collection Guide. 1995. 8 pp.
(EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency
Response. EPA 540/F-95/009, OSWER-9355.3-18FS, PB95-963412. [Available from
NTIS, Superfund Docket]
This fact sheet identifies data pertinent to landfill cap design that will be required for
most sites. These data are organized within six categories: (1) waste delineation; (2)
slope stability and settlement; (3) gas generation/migration; (4) existing cover
assessment; (5) surface water run-on/run-off management; and (6) clay sources.
33. Presumptive Remedies and NCP Compliance. June 14, 1995. 12 pp. (EPA) U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, CERCLA Administrative Records Workgroup ORC
Region IV, Solid Waste and Emergency Response Division. Washington, DC. [Available
from the Office of General Counsel]
This memorandum explains the relationship of EPA 's presumptive remedies initiative for
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA)
site remediation to the requirements of the National Oil and Hazardous Substances
Pollution Contingency Plan (NCP), 40 CFR Part 300. In addition, it provides suggested
methods for Superfund sites where presumptive remedies are considered. EPA is
providing this information in response to questions that have been brought to the
CERCLA Administrative Records Workgroup and the Office of General Counsel.
34. Presumptive Response Strategy and Ex-Situ Treatment Technologies for Contaminated
Groundwater at CERCLA Sites. 1996. 73 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response. EPA 540/R-96/023, OSWER-
9283.1-12. [Available from Superfund Docket]
This guidance emphasizes the importance of using site-specific remedial objectives as the
focus of the remedy selection process for contaminated ground water. It describes a
presumptive response strategy for all sites with contaminated ground water, identifies
presumptive technologies for treatment of extracted ground water, simplifies the selection
of technologies for the ex-situ treatment component of a ground water remedy, and shifts
the time and resources employed in remedy selection from ex-situ treatment to more
fundamental aspects of the ground water remedy. It includes detailed appendices that
describe additional background information, sample ROD language for selected
remedies, ex-situ treatment technologies, and descriptions of presumptive treatment
technologies.
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35. Application of the CERCLA Municipal Landfill Presumptive Remedy to Military Landfills
(Interim Guidance). 1996. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid
Waste and Emergency Response. EPA 540/F-96/007, OSWER-9355.0-62FS, PB96-
963307. [Available from NTIS, Superfund Docket]
This directive highlights a step-by-step approach to determining when a specific military
landfill is an appropriate site for application of the containment presumptive remedy. It
identifies the characteristics of municipal landfills that are relevant to the applicability
of the presumptive remedy, addresses characteristics specific to military landfills,
outlines an approach to determining whether the presumptive remedy applies to a given
military landfill, and discusses Administrative Record documentation requirements.
36. Implementing Presumptive Remedies. 1997. Collection of 21 (1-75 pp.) documents.
(EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency
Response, Office of Emergency and Remedial Response. EPA 540/R-97/029. Washington,
DC [Available from Superfund Docket]
This notebook contains the current guidance, user's guides, and supplemental
information available on specific presumptive remedies, including names and numbers of
contacts. The notebook contains some of the documents referenced in this Compendium.
It is divided into six chapters that contain copies of fact sheets and other materials on
these topics: general fact sheets, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), municipal
landfills, wood tr'eaters, contaminated ground water, and Administrative Record
requirements. An annotated table of contents is included that contains a brief
description explaining each of the documents in the notebook.
II. Removal/Interim Cleanup Measures
37. Required Use of the Removal Cost Management System for All Removal Actions. 1989. 7
pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Emergency and Remedial
Response. OSWER 9360.0-02, PB91-214288. [*This document is no longer in print;
however, it is still useful and available from NTIS, as supplies last. Please see also # 94,
Removal Cost Management System User's Guide]
The purpose of this document is to improve Superfund cost management. The directive
requires the use of the Removal Cost Management System (RCMS), a computerized cost
tracking system, for all future removal actions (see Databases). It describes the
background and functions of RCMS, removal cost management policy, and
implementation procedures.
38. Superfund Removal Procedures Action Memorandum Guidance. 1990. 64 pp. (EPA) U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Emergency and Remedial Response. PB90-
274473, OSWER 9360.3-01, EPA 540/P-90/004. [Available from NTIS, Superfund
Docket]
cioma40.cin.epa.gov:6003/ (This is the National Environmental Publications Information
web site, where you can enter the title of the document, click on the "Search for" button,
and locate the document for viewing and printing.)
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This report provides EPA response officials with a uniform, Agency-wide guidance on
removal actions. Also included are National Contingency Plan definitions relevant to the
program, removal policies as determined by OERR, and step-by-step directions for
preparation and approval of documentation.
39. Superfund Removal Procedures Directives Notebook. 1991. Collection of 40 documents.
(EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Emergency and Remedial
Response. OERR 9200.0-10A, OERR-9200.0-10B. [Available from the Superfund
Docket to EPA personnel only]
This two-volume set complements the Superfund Removal Procedures Manual,
containing many documents to which the manual refers. The Notebook contains up-to-
date policy and guidance documents of interest to removal personnel. It is organized by
subject category (e.g., removal actions, RCRA, alternative technologies, enforcement,
administrative/cost management).
40. Memorandum: Managing the Corrective Action Program for Environment Results: The
RCRA Facility Stabilization Effort. 1991. 8 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response. No publication number
available. Washington, DC. [Available from Superfund Docket]
The purpose of this memo is to provide important guidance documents that have been
developed to ease the implementation of the RCRA facility stabilization effort, including
the RCRA Stabilization Strategy and a flow chart outlining Key Decision Points for
Selecting Interim Measures. These documents emphasize more frequent use of interim
actions to achieve near term environmental results at facilities with the most serious
problems. While final cleanup is still the long-term goal for the corrective action
program, this strategy emphasizes the importance of controlling releases and stabilizing
sites to prevent the further spread of contamination.
41. Guide to Removal Enforcement. 1992. 4 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Emergency and Remedial Response. PB92-963419. Washington, DC.
[Available from NTIS]
This fact sheet summarizes a Superfund Removal Procedures volume entitled "Removal
Enforcement Guidance for On-Scene Coordinators, " describing the essential components
of the removal enforcement process along with Agency enforcement initiatives stemming
from the Management Review of the Superfund Program (the "90-Day Study").
42. Memorandum: Final Revised Draft Guidance on Conducting Non-Time-Critical Removal
Actions Under CERCLA. 1993. 42 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response. EPA 540/R-93/057, OSWER 9360.0-32,
PB93-963402. Washington, DC. [Available from CERI, NCEPI, NTIS]
This guidance is designed to help on-scene coordinators and remedial project managers
ensure that non-time-critical removal actions are conducted in accordance with
applicable laws, regulations, and EPA policy. The guidance focuses on those aspects of
the removal process that are unique to non-time critical removal actions.
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43. CERCLA Removal Actions. 1994. Approx. 220 pp. (DOE) U.S. Department of Energy,
Office of Environmental Guidance, RCRA/CERCLA Division (EH-231)/Office of
Environmental Restoration Regulatory Integration Division (EM-431). [Available from
Center for Environmental Management Information]
tis-nt. eh.doe.gov/oepa/guidance/alldocs.htm
This document is intended to provide: (1) an overview of the regulatory requirements for
conducting a CERCLA removal action; (2) step by step procedures for identifying the
need for, assessing, conducting, and closing out a removal action; and (3) a quick,
ready-reference guide to decision-making and implementation.
III. Remedy Selection
44. Guide to Selecting Superfund Remedial Actions. 1990. 9 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Emergency and Remedial Response. PB90-273863/HDM,
OSWER 9355.5-0-27/FS. Washington, DC. Fact Sheet. [Available from NTIS]
This fact sheet describes the statutory requirements for CERCLA remedies at hazardous
waste sites and the process EPA has established in the NCP for meeting those
requirements.
45. a. CERCLA Compliance with Other Laws Manual: Part 1 (Interim Final). 1988. 244 pp.
(EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Emergency and Remedial
Response. EPA 540/G-89/006, OSWER 9234.1-01, PB90-272535. Washington, DC.
[Available from NTIS]
The manual is developed to provide guidance to Remedial Project Managers (RPMs),
State personnel at State-lead Superfund sites, On-Scene Coordinators (OSCs), and other
persons responsible for planning response actions under the Comprehensive
Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA). The guidance is
intended to assist in the selection ofon-site remedial actions that meet the applicable, or
relevant and appropriate requirements (ARARs) of the Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act (RCRA), Clean Water Act (CWA), Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA), Clean
Air Act (CAA), and other Federal and State environmental laws as required by CERCLA.
b. CERCLA Compliance with Other Laws Manual: Part 2; Clean Air Act and Other
Environmental Statutes and State Requirements (Interim Final). 1990. 11 pp. (EPA) U. S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Emergency and Remedial Response. EPA
540/G-89/009, PB90-272550. Washington, DC. [Available from NTIS]
This guidance manual addresses CERCLA compliance with the Clean Air Act and other
environmental statutes for remedial action, and is designed to assist remedial project
managers in identifying and complying with all applicable, relevant or appropriate
requirements for remedial actions taken at Superfund sites.
46. Role of the Baseline Risk Assessment in Superfund Remedy Selection Decisions. 1991. 11
pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Emergency and Remedial
Response. PB91-921359/HDM, OSWER 9355.0-30. Directive. Washington, DC.
[Available from NTIS, Superfund Docket]
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The objective of this memorandum is to provide further guidance on how to use the
baseline risk assessment to make risk management decisions, such as determining
whether remedial action under CERCLA Sections 104 or 106 is necessary. The
memorandum also clarifies the use of the baseline risk assessment in selecting
appropriate remedies under CERCLA Section 121, promotes consistency in preparing
site-specific risk assessments, and helps ensure that appropriate documentation from the
baseline risk assessment is included in Superfund remedy selection documents.
47. Land Use in the CERCLA Remedy Selection Process. 1995. 13 pp. (EPA) U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Emergency and Remedial Response. EPA
540/R-95/052, OSWER 9355.7-04, PB95-963234/HDM. Directive. Washington, DC.
[Available from CERI, NCEPI]
This directive presents additional information for considering land use in making remedy
selection decisions under CERCLA at NPL sites. Specifically, EPA emphasizes that early
community involvement (with a particular focus on the community's desired future uses
of property associated with the CERCLA site) should result in a more democratic
decision-making process, greater community support for remedies selected as a result of
this process, and more expedited, cost-effective cleanups.
48. Role of Cost in the Superfund Remedy Selection Process. 1996. 8 pp. (EPA) U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Emergency and Remedial Response. EPA
540/F-96/018, OSWER 9200.3-32FS, PB96-963245. Washington, DC. [Available from
NTIS]
The fact sheet describes the role of cost in selection of remedial actions under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA).
The objective of this fact sheet is to clarify the current role of cost as established in
existing law, regulation, and policy. This fact sheet describes the current role of cost as
established by the Superfund regulations [the National Oil and Hazardous Substances
Contingency Plan (NCP)], and as expanded upon in EPA guidance.
49. National Consistency in Superfund Remedy Selection (Draft). 1996. 11 pp. (EPA) U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response.
Washington, DC. [Available from Superfund Docket]
The memorandum emphasizes the critical importance of appropriate national consistency
in the Superfund remedy selection process, and encourages program managers to make
full use of existing tools and consultation opportunities to promote such consistency.
With Congress continuing its efforts to consider statutory improvements to CERCLA, the
program must close the perceived gap between national policies and the reality of
program implementation.
IV. Record of Decision
50. Guide to Addressing Pre-ROD and Post-ROD Changes. 1991. 7 pp. (EPA) U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Emergency and Remedial Response. OSWER
9355.3-02FS-4, PB91-921351. [Available from NTIS]
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This fact sheet outlines the methods of categorizing pre- andpost-ROD changes and the
ways in which changes should be documented. More detailed guidance for pre-ROD
changes and both significant and fundamental post-ROD changes can be found in
chapters 5 and 8, respectively, of "Guidance on Preparing Superfund Decision
Documents, " found in this section of the Compendium.
51. The Road to ROD: Tips for Remedial Project Managers. 1992. 58 pp. (EPA) U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency/(DoD) U.S. Department of Defense. EPA 903/R-
92/001. [Available from Region 3 Public Environmental Education Center]
This guide is designed to provide EPA and DoD project managers with an overview of
the Record of Decision (ROD) process, and to identify opportunities for expediting the
ROD process at DoD sites on the National Priorities List.
52. a. Guidance on Preparing Superfund Decision Documents: The Proposed Plan, The Record
of Decision, Explanation of Significant Differences, The Record of Decision Amendment.
1989. 223 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Emergency and
Remedial Response. PB91-921265, EPA 540/G-89/007. [Available from NTIS]
The guidance presents standard formats for documenting Superfund remedial action
decisions; clarifies the roles and responsibilities of EPA, States, and other Federal
agencies in developing and issuing decision documents; and explains how to address
changes made to proposed and selected remedies. The decision documents addressed by
the guidance are the Proposed Plan, the Record of Decision, the Explanation of
Significant Differences, and the ROD Amendment. The document has four fact sheets
attached that include: A Guide to Developing Superfund Records of Decision; A Guide to
Developing Superfund Proposed Plans; A Guide to Developing Superfund No Action,
Interim Action, and Contingency Remedy RODs; and A Guide to Addressing Pre-ROD
and Post-ROD Changes.
b. Guidance on Preparing Superfund Decision Documents: The Proposed Plan, The Record
of Decision, Explanation of Significant Differences, The Record of Decision Amendment
(Preliminary Draft). 1992. Approx. 225 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Emergency and Remedial Response. OSWER 9355.3-02. [Available
from Superfund Docket]
This preliminary draft does not replace the document cited above; rather it acts as a
supplement. The final version will be completed in 1998.
53. Record of Decision Plug-In and Presumptive Remedy Approach. Indian Bend Wash
Superfund Site. Section 8.1.2 - 8.1.4. 1993. Approx. 40 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency. PB95-593551GEI, ROD ID# EPA/ROD/R09-93/098, EPA ID#
AZD980695969. [CD-ROM available from NTIS]
This ROD document outlines the rationale and process for utilizing the plug-in approach
to remedy selection at Superfund sites. The approach can be used when a Superfund site
contains multiple areas or "subsites" that are similar physically and share similar
contaminants. Instead of matching several remedies to a single subsite, the plug-in
approach matches several subsites to a single remedy.
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Compendium of Federal Facilities Cleanup Management Information February 1998
54. Fort Ord (No Action Plug-In Record of Decision), Fort Ord, CA. Section 1.0 - 3.0. 1995.
Approx. 20 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. PB95-964508, ROD ID#
EPA/ROD/R09-95/138. [Available from NTIS]
This ROD document presents the no-action "plug-in" approach applied at Fort Ord, CA.
The no-action plug-in approach describes the process for identifying a no-action site,
named because the Approval Memorandum plugs in subsequent to ROD issuance.
V. Remedial Design/Action Process
55. Guidance on Oversight of PRP Performed Remedial Designs and Remedial Actions. 1990.
56 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Emergency and Remedial
Response. PB90-249707/HDM. Directive. Washington, DC. [Available from NTIS]
This OSWER directive clarifies how EPA will determine whether ground water
restoration under Superfund andRCRA Corrective Action is technically impracticable.
This directive provides interim final guidance on EPA oversight of Remedial Design and
Remedial Actions. It ensures that remedies being conducted by PRPs are protective of
the public health and environment, and are in compliance with applicable performance
standards.
56. Guidance on Expediting Remedial Design and Remedial Action. 1990. 57 pp. (EPA) U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Emergency and Remedial Response. EPA
540/G-90/006, OSWER 9355.5-02, PB90-273871. [Available from NTIS, Superfund
Docket]
This document examines how to expedite remedial design and remedial action so that
cleanup activities can be completed more quickly. It is intended for use by remedial
project managers, remedial design contractors, and others involved in the planning of
remediation activities. It should be used as a means to evaluate whether a project is
suited for expediting and to determine the methods that could be used.
57. RCRA Corrective Action & CERCLA Remedial Action Reference Guide. 1994. 17 pp.
(DOE) U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Environmental Guidance.
DE95002644/HDM, DOE/EH-0001. Washington, DC. [Available from CEMI]
www. em. doe, gov/rcracerc/
This reference guide provides a side-by-side comparison of RCRA corrective action and
CERCLA Remedial Action, focusing on the statutory and regulatory requirements under
each program, criteria and other factors that govern a site's progress, and the ways in
which authorities or requirements under each program overlap and/or differ.
58. Remedial Design/Remedial Action Handbook. 1995. 317 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Emergency and Remedial Response. EPA 540/R-95//059,
OSWER 9355.0-04B, PB95-963307. [Available from NTIS, Superfund Docket]
The purpose of this handbook is to provide the Remedial Project Managers (RPMs) with
an overview of the remedial design (RD) and remedial action (RA) processes. It should
be most useful for Federal-lead sites where Superfund is used to finance the RD or RA.
The RD/RA Handbook focuses on how an RPM can use project management principles to
implement effectively a selected remedy in accordance with the Record of Decision.
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February 1998 Compendium of Federal Facilities Cleanup Management Information
59. Guidance for Scoping the Remedial Design. 1995. Approximately 220 pp. (EPA) U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Emergency and Remedial Response. EPA
540/R-95/025. Washington DC. [Available from CERI, NCEPI]
This guidance provides EPA Remedial Project Managers with information about
preparing the Statement of Work to facilitate remedial design for Superfund cleanup
projects. It includes instructions for preparing a Project Management Plan, remediation
schedules, cost estimates, and model SOWs for oversight of Fund-lead projects and for
Remedial Design oversight.
60. a. Memorandum: Coordination Between RCRA Corrective Action and Closure and
CERCLA Site Activities. 1996. 9 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response, Office of Enforcement and Compliance.
Washington, DC. [Available from Superfund Docket]
This memorandum focuses on coordination between CERCLA and RCRA cleanup
programs; however, the approaches outlined in the memo are also applicable to
coordination between either of these programs and certain State or tribal cleanup
programs that meet appropriate criteria. The memo covers topics such as Acceptance of
Decisions Made by Other Remedial Programs, Program Deferral, Coordination Between
Programs, and RCRA Closure and Post-Closure. Attached are copies of the relevant
Federal Register notices.
b. Memorandum: Lead Regulator Policy for Cleanup Activities at Federal Facilities on the
National Priorities List. November 6, 1997. 9 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response, Office of Enforcement and
Compliance Assurance. Washington, DC. [Available from Internet]
www.epa.gov/swerffrr/guide.htm
This policy furthers the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)/CERCLA
coordination concepts presented in the guidance document cited above, and focuses on
the special, unique coordination issues associated with Federal facilities listed on the
NPL. The RCRA/CERCLA coordination memorandum should continue to be used as the
controlling guidance for private sites and for non-NPL Federal facilities.
61. Advance Notice of Proposed Rule-making (CPNR) for the RCRA Corrective Action
Program. 1996. 33 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 61 FR 19432.
[Available from GPO]
This action introduces EPA 's strategy for promulgating regulations governing corrective
action for releases from solid waste management units at hazardous waste management
facilities under RCRA, seeking to identify and develop potential improvements to the
protectiveness, responsiveness, speed, or efficiency of corrective actions. It also includes
a general status report on the corrective action program and how it has evolved since the
1990 proposal, and provides guidance on a number of topics not fully addressed in 1990.
Lastly, it emphasizes areas of flexibility within the current program and describes
program improvements currently underway or under consideration.
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Compendium of Federal Facilities Cleanup Management Information February 1998
62. Memorandum: Superfund Reforms: Updating Remedy Decisions. March 27, 1997. 8 pp.
(EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Emergency and Remedial
Response, Office of Site Remediation Enforcement. OSWER 9200.0-22. Washington,
DC. [Available from NTIS]
www.epa.gov/superfund/oerr/remedy/remedy.htm
The purpose of this Superfund Reform is to encourage appropriate changes to remedies
selected in existing Superfund Records of Decision (RODs). These updates are intended
to bring past decisions into line with the current state of knowledge with respect to
remediation science and technology and, by doing so, improve the cost effectiveness of
site remediation while ensuring reliable short- and long-term protection of human health
and the environment. Remedy changes will be completed in accordance with existing
regulations and guidance, which call for a memorandum to the file, an Explanation of
Significant Differences, or a ROD amendment, as appropriate for the significance of the
change. Cleanup levels are not expected to change absent a showing that remediation
levels are unattainable.
63. Memorandum: Establishment of Cleanup Levels for CERCLA Sites with Radioactive
Contamination. August 22, 1997. 22 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response. OSWER 9200.4-18. [Available from
NTIS]
www.epa.gov/radiation/cleanup/BBS_tbl.htm
This memorandum presents clarifying guidance for establishing protective cleanup levels
for radioactive contamination at Comprehensive Environmental Response,
Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) sites. The policies stated in this
memorandum are inclusive of all radioactive contaminants of concern at a site including
radon. The directive is limited to providing guidance regarding the protection of human
health and does not address levels necessary to protect ecological receptors.
VI. Air Emissions
64. Control of Air Emissions from Materials Handling During Remediation. 1991. 7 pp.
(EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Emergency and Remedial
Response/Office of Research and Development. EPA 540/2-91/023. Washington, DC.
Engineering Bulletin. [Available from CERI, NCEPI]
This bulletin discusses the importance of and methods for controlling emissions into the
air from material handling processes at Superfund or other hazardous waste sites. It
also describes several techniques used for dust and vapor suppression that have been
applied at Superfund sites.
65. Control of Air Emissions from Superfund Sites. 1992. 146 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development. EPA 625/R-92/012.
Washington, DC. Handbook. [Available from CERI]
This handbook evaluates air emission control devices for use in conjunction with
Superfund remediation technologies and provides guidance on the selection of cost-
effective control options.
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February 1998 Compendium of Federal Facilities Cleanup Management Information
VII. Underground Storage Tanks
66. How to Evaluate Alternate Cleanup Technologies for UST Sites. 1995. Approx. 300 pp.
(EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA 510/B-95/007. [Available from
CERI, NTIS]
www.epa.gov/swerustl/pubs
Details the use of alternative cleanup technologies and processes for remediation of
underground storage tanks.
67. How to Effectively Recover Free Product at Leaking Underground Storage Tank Sites: A
Guide for State Regulators. September 1996. 180 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency. EPA 510/R-96/001, 055-000-00553-2. [Available from GPO]
www.epa.gov/swerustl/pubs
This guide will help underground storage tank regulators understand the portion of an
underground storage tank corrective action plan that proposes free product recovery
technologies. It focuses on appropriate technology use, taking into consideration site-
specific conditions. The guide is designed to answer three basic questions: (1) Is free
product recovery necessary? (2) Has an appropriate method been proposed for free
product recovery? and (3) Does the free product recovery plan provide a technically
sound approach to remediation of the site? The discussions include calculations, figures,
tables, flow charts, a list of selected key references, and a glossary of relevant terms.
VIII. Innovative Technologies
68. Procuring Innovative Technologies at Remedial Sites: Q's and As and Case Studies. 1992.
24 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Technology Innovation Office. EPA
542/F-92/012. [Available from NCEPI]
This fact sheet, designed to encourage consideration of innovative technologies for site
remediation, summarizes the results of interviews with EPA RPMs and Contracting
Officers (COs) and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (COE) personnel concerning their
experiences in procuring innovative treatment technologies for use at Superfund sites.
The results of the interviews are presented in question-and-answer format. In addition,
detailed information on the sites discussed is presented in tabular form.
69. Innovative Treatment Technologies: Annual Status Report (Seventh Edition). 1995. 77
pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency
Response. EPA 542/R-95/008. Washington, DC. [Available from NCEPI]
clu-in.com/pubalpha.htm#I
This yearly report documents and analyzes the selection and use of innovative treatment
technologies in the U.S. EPA Superfund program and at some non-Superfund sites under
the jurisdiction of the Departments of Defense (DoD) and Energy (DOE).
70. Bibliography for Innovative Site Clean-Up Technologies. 1996. 11 pp. (EPA) U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response. EPA
542/B-96/003. [Available from the Superfund Docket]
clu-in.com/pubalpha.htm#B
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Compendium of Federal Facilities Cleanup Management Information February 1998
This compilation of publications and survey reports on innovative site cleanup
technologies provides titles and information on how to obtain these documents. These
resources are alphabetically indexed under the following major headings: technical
survey reports, EPA program information, ground water in situ treatment, thermal
treatment, bioremediation, soil vapor extraction and enhancement, physical/chemical
treatment, site characterization, other conferences and international surveys, technical
support, community relations, bulletin board systems/databases/software/internet
resources, technology newsletters, innovative site remediation engineering technology
monographs, and ordering information.
IX. Post-Remedial Actions
71. a. Memorandum: Structure and Components of Five-Year Reviews. May 23, 1991. 14 pp.
(EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency
Response, Office of Emergency and Remedial Response. OSWER 9355.7-02, PB91-
921369. Washington, DC. [Available from NTIS]
The purpose of this directive is to provide guidance for planning and conducting five-
year reviews. The directive focuses primarily on the implementation of five-year reviews
and the issues associated with implementation. These include: triggering points for
reviews, responsibilities and funding, content, and results of reviews. The goal of the
directive is to assure that reviews are implemented in a consistent manner nationally,
with appropriate consideration of local concerns and widely varying site conditions.
b. Memorandum: Supplemental Five-Year Review Guidance. July 26, 1994. 4 pp. (EPA)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response,
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response. OSWER 9355.7-02A, PB94-963283.
Washington, DC. [Available from NTIS]
The purpose of this memorandum is to amend OSWER directive 9355.7-02 (May 23,
1991), "Structure and Components of Five-Year Reviews, " by providing supplemental
guidance on the five-year review process and ensure the effective and efficient use of
program resources. Specifically, this supplemental guidance: changes the trigger date
for policy reviews to construction completion; provides a prioritization plan for
conducting five-year reviews when Regions cannot conduct all required reviews; clarifies
responsibility for conduct of five-year review that covers all operable units (OUs) at a
site; introduces a streamlined Type la review at sites where construction is ongoing; and
provides model language.
c. Memorandum: Second Supplemental Five-Year Review Guidance. December 21, 1995.
12 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and
Emergency Response, Office of Emergency and Remedial Response. OSWER 9355.7-
03 A. Washington, DC. [Available from EPA Headquarters Library]
This second supplement to the 1991 memo, described above, implements OSWER's
response to an OIG audit of the Five-Year Review process. OSWER further clarified: 1)
what is meant by "on-goingpresence " at a site; 2) what is considered to be a "recent"
site visit; and 3) items which need to be documented: (a) milestones used to implement
recommendations contained in five-year reviews; (b) who has responsibility to perform
each recommendation; and (c) which agency has over site authority.
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February 1998 Compendium of Federal Facilities Cleanup Management Information
72. Close Out Procedures for National Priorities List Sites. 1995. 108 pp. (EPA) U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Emergency and Remedial Response. EPA
540/R-95/062, OSWER 9320.2-09, PB95-963241. [Available from NTIS, Superfund
Docket]
This guidance document is designed primarily for use by RPMs. It provides procedural
information on accomplishing operable unit completion, construction completion, site
completion, and site deletion. This guidance applies only to those sites that are or were
on the final NPL. It supersedes the OSWER directive 9320.2-34, Procedures for
Completion and Deletion of National Priorities List Sites.
73. Memorandum: Procedures for Partial Deletions at NPL Sites. April 30, 1997. 8 pp. (EPA)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response.
OSWER 9320.2-11, EPA 540/R-96/014, PB96-963222. Washington, DC. [Available
from NTIS]
www.epa.gov/swerffrr/guide.htm
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is changing its policy concerning deletion
of sites listed on the National Priorities List (NPL). EPA will now delete releases of
hazardous substances at portions of sites, if those releases qualify for deletion. Sites, or
portions of sites, that meet the standard provided in the National Oil and Hazardous
Substances Pollution Contingency Plan (NCP), i.e., no further response is appropriate,
may be the subject of entire or partial deletion. EPA expects that this action will help to
promote the economic redevelopment of Superfund sites, and will better communicate the
completion of successful partial cleanups. This memorandum also contains a number of
helpful attachments such as the Federal Register Notice, a Data Collection Form, and
Example Partial Deletion Notice of Intention to Delete (NOID).
X. Federal Facilities/Interagency Guidance
A. General
74. Federal Facilities Compliance Strategy. 1988. Approx. 350 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Federal Facilities. Washington, DC. [Available from NTIS]
This document, also known as the "Yellow Book, "provides the basic framework for all
EPA media programs (e.g. air, ground water, hazardous waste, etc.) The objective of
this manual is to compile guidance on how to establish a comprehensive and practice
approach to achieving compliance at Federal facilities. It also attempts to reconcile
EPA 's dual responsibilities to provide technical assistance and advice to Federal
facilities pursuant to Executive Order No. 12088, and our statutory authorities to take
enforcement actions for violations at Federal facilities in appropriate circumstances.
75. National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan (NCP). 1990. 82 pp.
(EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 55 FR 8666. EPA 540/890/012. [Available
from GPO, Superfund Docket]
www. epa. gov/superfund/oerr/er/regs/ncpover.htm
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The cornerstone of the Oil program 's planning activities is the revised NCP, which
outlines procedures and responsibilities for addressing potential oil and hazardous
substance spills and discharges. This plan coordinates with and is bolstered by a number
of similar Federal contingency plans, all of which are capable of handling "worst case
discharges" of varying sizes and magnitudes.
76. Remediation Technologies Screening Matrix and Reference Guide, Second Edition. 1994.
Approx. 430 pp. Federal Remediation Technologies Roundtable. EPA 542/B-94/013,
PB95-104782. [Available from NCEPI and NTIS]
clu-in.com/pubalpha.htm#R
This interagency guide presents a comprehensive evaluation of candidate cleanup
technologies for contaminated installations and waste sites for use by remedial project
managers in selecting a remedial alternative. The guide includes sections on:
contaminant perspectives, treatment perspectives, and treatment technology profiles.
77. Memorandum: Guidance on Accelerating CERCLA Environmental Restoration at Federal
Facilities. 1994. 9 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/U.S. Department of
Energy/U.S. Department of Defense. [Available from U.S. EPA, Federal Facilities
Restoration and Reuse Office]
This document supports efforts at Federal facilities to accelerate and develop
streamlined approaches to the cleanup of hazardous waste. Topics covered include site
assessment, early vs. long-term actions, presumptive remedies, public participation,
effects on existing Federal facility interagency agreements, and decision teams.
78. Guide to Documenting Cost and Performance for Remediation Projects. 1995. 55 pp.
Federal Remediation Technologies Roundtable. EPA 542/B-95/002. [Available from
NCEPI]
clu-in.com/pubalpha.htm#G
The guide fosters the use of consistent procedures to document cost and performance
information for projects involving treatment of contaminated media. It provides site
remediation project managers with a standardized set of parameters to document
completed remediation projects.
79. The National Priorities List for Uncontrolled Hazardous Waste Sites; Listing and Deletion
Policy for Federal Facilities (Interim Final). 1997. 7 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response. 40 CFR Part 300.
Washington, DC. [Available from GPO]
www.epa.gov/swerffrr/guide.htm
EPA is announcing two interim final policy revisions relating to the National Oil and
Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan ("NCP "). CERCLA requires that the
NCP include a list of national priorities among the known or threatened releases of
hazardous substances, pollutants, or contaminants throughout the United States, and that
the list be revised at least annually. The National Priorities List ("NPL "), promulgated
as Appendix B of the NCP, constitutes this list. In this notice, EPA sets forth the criteria
the Agency will consider in determining when a Federal facility site may not be placed on
the NPL because the cleanup is be conducted as part ofRCRA.
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80. Final Report of the Federal Facilities Environmental Restoration Dialogue Committee
(FFERDC): Consensus Principles and Recommendations for Improving Federal Facilities
Cleanup. 1997. 120 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid
Waste and Emergency Response, Federal Facilities Restoration and Reuse Office. EPA
540/R-96/013, OSWER 9272.0-7A, and PB96-963221. Washington, DC. [Available from
GPO]
www.epa.gov/swerffrr/partner.htm
In producing this Final Report, the Committee has built on the recent successes of
agency and community efforts to involve stakeholders and include recommendations that
consider the lessons learned from these efforts. The Committee clarifies the intent of
recommendations in the Interim Report where misunderstandings have developed and
offers new recommendations to address the changing environment in which Federal
facilities cleanup decisions are being made. These recommendations attempt to create
an open, public consultative process that originates at the facility level and extends
through the entire hierarchy of the Federal government. The Committee recognizes that
all facilities, agencies, and communities have unique structures, histories, and concerns,
and thus encourage flexible approaches based upon the principles ofinclusiveness,
openness, and accountability.
B. Department of Defense
81. Navy/Marine Corps Installation Restoration Manual (Draft). 1992. 125 pp. (DoD)
Department of Defense, U.S. Navy. [Available from Naval Facilities Engineering
Command]
This manual provides a compilation of Defense Environmental Restoration Program
(DERP) requirements, policy, and guidance for both the Navy and Marine Corps. The
laws and regulations defining the Installation Restoration Program are also summarized.
82. U.S. Army Installation Restoration Program Guidance Manual. 1993. 138 pp. (DoD)
Department of Defense, U.S. Army, U.S. Army Environmental Center. Aberdeen Proving
Ground, MD. [Available from DTIC]
This manual addresses the requirements of the laws, regulations, policies, and
procedures concerning the Installation Restoration Program (IRP) and the issues
involved in their implementation. The manual presents a framework within which
managers are expected to use well-informed judgment to provide effective, timely, and
cost-effective responses to the requirements of the program.
83. EPA/Navy CERCLA Remedial Action Technology Guide. 1993. 121 pp. (EPA) U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency. Naval Facilities Engineering Services Center. AD-
A274 797/0/HDM. Port Hueneme, CA. [Available from NTIS]
This document provides guidance on remedial action technologies focusing on
permanence and treatment. It provides information on selecting remedies that "utilize
permanent solutions and alternative treatment technologies or resource recovery
technologies to the maximum extent practicable " and refers to remedial actions in which
treatment "permanently and significantly reduces the volume, toxicity, or mobility of
hazardous substances, pollutants, and contaminants as a principal element. "
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84. Presumptive Remedy Engineering Evaluation Cost Analysis (PREECA). 1995. 56 pp.
(DoD) Department of Defense, U.S. Air Force. Prepared for U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers, Omaha District, Omaha, Nebraska 68102-4978. Project Number:
MUHJ947065. [Available from U.S. Air Force, Environmental Restoration Flight]
This document is a standardized "decision framework" that specifies the criteria
necessary to implement a removal action utilizing a presumptive remedy technology. A
primary goal of the Department of Defense Installation Restoration Program is to
achieve early and substantial risk reduction at sites posing significant risk to human
health and the environment. The document supports this goal by standardizing a
significant portion of the remedy selection process so that streamlined implementation of
cleanup actions at high-risk sites can occur.
85. PR98 Environmental Compliance Cookbook (Draft). 1995. 110 pp. (DoD) Department
of Defense, U.S. Navy, Chief of Naval Operations. [Available from Naval Facilities
Engineering Command]
This document provides information on the broad range of environmental compliance
requirements faced by Navy activities. The document also assists installation-level
personnel in determining which requirements are applicable to their installations and
provides guidance for determining the budgetary costs of compliance with those
requirements.
86. Defense Environmental Restoration Annual Report to Congress, Fiscal Year 1996
(Volume 1 of 2) 1997. Approx. 350 pp. (DoD) Department of Defense Environmental
Cleanup Office, Washington, DC. [Available from GPO]
www.dtic.mil/envirodod/derpreport96/voll/
This annual report showcases the progress and accomplishments of the Department of
Defense's environmental restoration program. It provides an index of summaries
describing environmental restoration success stories on a site-by-site basis and, when
available, points of contact who are willing to share materials and information regarding
their specific program. Subjects covered include fast-track cleanup programs,
accelerating cleanup, environmental technology, building partnerships, and use of the
Defense and State Memorandum of Agreement (DSMOA).
87. Proposed Rule on Restoration Advisory Boards (RABs). 1996. 8 pp. (DoD) U.S.
Department of Defense, Office of the Assistant Deputy Under Secretary of Defense
(Environmental Cleanup). 61 FR 40764. [Available from GPO]
www. dtic. mil/envirodod/rab/rab_fedr. html
The Department of Defense (DoD) has developed proposed regulations regarding the
characteristics, composition, funding, and establishment of Restoration Advisory Boards
(RABs) in response to section 324 of the National Defense Authorization Act for FY1996
(Pub L. 104-106), which requires the Secretary of Defense to prescribe regulations
regarding RABs. The purpose of a RAB is to facilitate public participation in DoD
environmental restoration activities at operating and closing DoD installations where
local communities express interest in the program. The proposed regulations are based
on DoD's current policies for establishing and operating RABs as well as its experience
in establishing RABs over the past two years.
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C. Department of Energy
88. The Streamlined Approach for Environmental Restoration (SAFER). 1994. Approx. 50
pp. (DOE) U.S. Department of Energy. [Available from Center for Environmental
Management Information]
This document provides an overview of the U.S. DOE's Streamlined Approach for
Environmental Restoration (SAFER) process. The process is a marriage of primary
components of the Data Quality Objective process and the Observational Approach to
environmental restoration. SAFER is designed to expedite cleanup, as well as to offer
cost-saving and safe-handling remediation tips.
89. Memorandum: Policy on Decommissioning of Department of Energy Facilities Under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA).
1995. 7 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/U.S. Department of Energy.
Fact Sheet. [Available from U.S. EPA, Federal Facilities Restoration and Reuse Office]
This fact sheet establishes the approach agreed upon by EPA and DOE for
decommissioning surplus DOE facilities consistent with the requirements of CERCLA.
The policy is the result of a joint effort by EPA and DOE to develop a decommissioning
approach that ensures protection of worker and public health and the environment, is
consistent with CERCLA, provides for stakeholder involvement, and achieves risk
reduction without unnecessary delay.
XL Quality Assurance
90. Data Quality Objectives Process for Superfund, Workbook. 1993. 37 pp. (EPA) U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response.
OSWER 9355.9-01A, EPA 540/R-93/078, PB94-963204. Washington, DC. [Available
from NTIS]
This workbook is intended as a companion to the "Data Quality Objectives Process for
Superfund, Interim Final Guidance. " The workbook assists the user in implementing the
DQO process for Superfund by providing concise descriptions of each of the seven steps
as well as space to document the outputs of the current study. The workbook is organized
in a sequential, step-by-step fashion to help the user consider all aspects in the DQO
planning process.
91. Data Quality Objectives Process for Superfund, Interim Final Guidance. 1993. 121 pp.
(EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency
Response, OSWER 9355.9-01, EPA 540/R-93/071, PB94-963203. Washington, DC.
[Available from NTIS]
This document provides guidance on developing Data Quality Objectives (DQOs) for
Superfund sites. The DQO process is a series of planning steps based on the Scientific
Method that is designed to ensure that the type, quantity, and quality of environmental
data used in decision making are appropriate for the intended application. The DQO
process was developed by EPA to help Agency personnel collect data that are important
to decision-making.
92. Superfund Administrative Reforms Annual Report. 1996. 55 pp. (EPA) U.S.
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Compendium of Federal Facilities Cleanup Management Information February 1998
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Emergency and Remedial Response. EPA
540/R-96/046, OSWER 9200.0-23, PB96-963268. Washington, DC. [Available from
NTIS]
www.epa.gov/oerrpage/superfnd/web/oerr/admin/toc.htm
This EPA report highlights the substantial progress that has been made to make
Superfund cleanups faster, fairer, and more efficient and resulting in more than two-
thirds of all Superfund sites either completed or under cleanup construction. Since 1993,
EPA has launched three rounds of administrative reforms, consisting of more than 60
initiatives. The reforms consist of various initiatives and pilot projects focusing on
changes to the program that were implemented within the existing statutory framework
The report looks at the accomplishments of the second and third rounds of EPA 's
Superfund reforms.
XII. Databases/Users' Manuals
A. General
93. Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) for IBM PC Microcomputers and IBM PC/AT
Microcomputers. 1988. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research
and Development. EPA DF/DK-88/050, PB88-215892; EPA/DF/DK-88/049, PB88-
215884. [Available from NTIS]
www.epa.gov/ngispgm3/iris/index.html
The Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) is an on-line database oftoxicity
information that is updated monthly. IRIS provides quantitative human health
carcinogenic/hazard data, Ambient Water Quality Criteria, and Maximum Contaminant
Levels. This database is EPA 's preferred source oftoxicity data. Chemicals added to
IRIS are reviewed in an Agency-wide process and represent a consensus on the
toxicological data for each record.
94. Removal Cost Management System (Version 3.2) User's Guide. 1990. 211 pp. (EPA)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Emergency and Remedial Response.
EPA 540/P-90/003, OSWER 9360.0-02C, PB90-272691. [Available from NTIS,
Superfund Docket]
The user's guide for the Removal Cost Management System (RCMS) is specifically
designed to serve as a reference manual for software used to perform cost projections
and daily cost tracking. This guide can also be used to create Cost Projection reports,
the 1900-55 Form, a Daily Cost Summary, an Incident Obligation Log, and Site
Summary Reports.
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February 1998 Compendium of Federal Facilities Cleanup Management Information
95. Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic Model for Lead in Children (IEUBK):
a. Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic Model for Lead in Children (IEUBK) Version
0.99D. 1994. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Emergency and
Remedial Response. PB94-501517. [Available from NTIS]
The Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic (IEUBK) is a menu-driven, user-friendly
model designed to determine exposure from lead in air, water, soil, dust, diet, paint, and
other sources. Pharmacokinetic modeling is used to predict blood lead levels in children
6 months to 7 years of age. The four main components of the current IEUBK model are:
(1) an exposure model that relates environmental lead concentrations to age-dependent
intake of lead into the gastrointestinal tract; (2) an absorption model that relates lead
intake into the gastrointestinal tract and lead uptake into the blood; (3) a biokinetic
model that relates lead uptake in the blood to the concentrations of lead in several organ
and tissue compartments; and (4) a model for uncertainty in exposure and for population
variability in absorption and biokinetics. This model should be used in conjunction with
the Guidance Manual and other supporting documentation described below.
b. Guidance Manual for the Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic Model for Lead in
Children. 1994. 259 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Emergency and Remedial Response. EPA 540/R-93/081, OSWER 9285.7-15-1, PB93-
963510. [Available from NTIS, Superfund Docket]
The Guidance Manual has been developed to assist the user in providing appropriate
input to take the IEUBK Model for Lead. The manual emphasizes the use of the IEUBK
Model for estimating risks from childhood lead exposure to soil and household dust that
might be encountered at CERCLA/RCRA sites, although other applications of the Model
are possible. The manual provides background information on environmental exposure
parameters and recommends some useful approaches that allow flexibility for site-
specific risk assessments, where possible.
c. Technical Support Document - Parameters and Equations Used in Integrated Exposure
Uptake Biokinetic Model for Lead in Children (Version 0.99D). 1994. 113 pp. (EPA)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Emergency and Remedial Response.
EPA 540/R-94/040, OSWER 9285.7-22, PB94-963505. [Available from NTIS, Superfund
Docket]
This document describes in detail the basis for the parameters and equations that are
used in the IEUBK Model. It is a supplement to the Guidance Manual. Although this
document details the selection of parameters and equations used in the IEUBK Model, it
is not a line-by-line documentation of the source code. Equations and parameters have
been simplified for clarity.
d. Validation Strategy for the Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic Model for Lead in
Children. 1994. 29 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Emergency and Remedial Response. EPA 540/R-94/039, OSWER 9285.7-21, PB94-
963504. [Available from NTIS, Superfund Docket]
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Compendium of Federal Facilities Cleanup Management Information February 1998
This document describes the considerations and methods for characterizing the
confidence to place in output from the IEUBK Model for Lead in Children. This
document specifies many aspects in model validation, several of which have already been
conducted, including comparison with other models, documentation of the Model's
scientific basis, code verification, and preliminary empirical comparisons. The
documents is primarily concerned with empirical comparisons of model predictions with
field study data, and should be refined and expanded as new approaches are developed
and additional data become available.
96. Annual Health Effects Assessment Summary Tables (HEAST) FY 1997. 1997. 336 pp.
(EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA 540/R-94/036. [Available from
Superfund Docket]
HEAST users include individuals from the EPA, other Federal agencies, States, and
contractors who are responsible for the identification, characterization, and remediation
of sites contaminated with hazardous materials. In this document, slope factors are
calculated by EPA to assist HEAST users with risk-related evaluations and decision-
making at various stages of the remediation process.
97. Bioremediation in the Field Search System (BFSS) User Documentation. 1995. 70 pp.
(EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency
Response, Office of Research and Development. EPA 540/R-95/508a. Washington DC.
[The database (EPA 540/R-95/508b) can be ordered by title from NCEPI]
clu-in.com/pubalpha.htm#B
BFSS is a PC-based software application providing access to a database of information
on about 400 sites where bioremediation is being or has been tested or used. Each entry
specifies site location, media and contaminants treated, and information on the
operation, status, and costs of the bioremediation technology or technologies used.
Menus of criteria are provided to allow users to tailor database searches to their
individual needs.
98. Vendor Information System for Innovative Treatment Technologies (VISITT 5.0) User's
Manual. 1996. 31 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Technology
Innovation Office. EPA 542/N-96/008. Washington DC. Bulletin. [Available from NCEPI]
www. prcemi. com/vi sitt
VISITT Version 5.0 is a user-friendly database providing data on almost 350 innovative
treatment technologies provided by more than 200 vendors. Technologies in VISITT
address the treatment of soil, sludge, solids, and natural sediments, both aboveground
and in place (in situ), DNAPLs, andLNAPLs. Also include are methods of treating
ground water in situ and of treating the off-gas generated by innovative treatment
systems. The user's manual also gives detailed instructions on how to obtain the
database and register as a VISITT user.
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February 1998 Compendium of Federal Facilities Cleanup Management Information
B. Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
NOTE: Other GIS documents and information can be found under "XIII. Internet Web
Sites, B. Geographic Information Systems. "
99. LandView™ III. 1998. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Chemical
Emergency Preparedness Office. Washington, DC. CD-ROM. [Available from the Bureau
of the Census]
www.census.gov/geo/www/tiger
LandView™ III is a desktop mapping system that includes database extracts from the
Environmental Protection Agency, the Bureau of the Census, the U.S. Geological Survey,
the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, the Department of Transportation, and the Federal
Emergency Management Agency. These databases are presented in a geographic context
on maps that show jurisdictional boundaries, detailed networks of roads, rivers, and
railroads, census block group and tract polygons, schools, hospitals, churches,
cemeteries, airports, dams, and other landmark features.
XIII. Internet Web Sites
A. General
100. Department Of Energy Home Page
www.doe.gov
The DOE home page provides both an electronic exchange initiative, in which users can
exchange scientific and technical documents, and a resources database. The home page
can connect the user to applicable remedial selection sites such as the following sites:
A. Formerly Utilized Sites Remedial Action Program (FUSRAP) Site
www.fusrap.doe.gov/techpap/index.html
FUSRAP is a leader in the application of innovative technologies and the
site provides on-line access to the latest technical papers.
B. Clearinghouse for Training, Education, and Development
wastenot.inel.gov/cted/
The DOE Learning System maintains this site that provides valuable
information on the latest publications, guidance, and learning resources in
remedy selection at Federal facilities sites.
101. Defense Technical Information Center Home Page
www.dtic.mil
The Department of Defense's Environmental Cleanup Office site can be accessed
through the DTIC home page. It also provides a database to search for defense
resources on cleanup at Federal facilities:
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Compendium of Federal Facilities Cleanup Management Information February 1998
A. Defense Environmental Restoration/Small Business Link
www. dtic. mil/envirodod/
Legislation, press releases, publication announcements, and other reference
documents and publications are highlighted at this site that emphasizes the
work ofDoD 's Environmental Restoration Program (DERP).
B. DefenseLINK
www. defenselink.mil
This site provides on-line access to DoD 's most popular information
resources, including cleanup directives and instructions and technology
reports.
C. Department of Defense Environmental Resources
www.dtic.mil/envirodod/dodenvir.html
This web site provides resources for users to locate other sites concerning
environmental activities of the Department of Defense. It lists information
sources for the Army, Navy, Air Force, and numerous subject specific sites
by the Department of Defense itself. Examples include cleanup,
environmental quality, coastal America, and environmental technologies.
102. Environmental Protection Agency Home Page
www.epa.gov
The EPA home page provides information and on-line copies of EPA resources such as
libraries, hotlines, information locators, publications, environmental test methods and
guidance. It also highlights recent rules, regulations, and legislation coming through the
pipeline and links to the following two key pages:
A. EPA Publications
www. epa.gov/nceiphom/
This page is produced by the National Center for Environmental
Publications and Information (NCEPI). The user can view and download
publications, search the national publications catalog, and order EPA
publications on-line.
B. Superfund Home Page
www.epa.gov/superfund
This page specifically showcases work being done in the Superfund office of
EPA and includes on-line copies of many types of remedial documents such
as fact sheets and guidance. Information on "hot" topics is also provided
to keep users abreast of the latest developments in legislation, regulations,
cleanup progress, and technologies.
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February 1998 Compendium of Federal Facilities Cleanup Management Information
103. Federal Facilities Restoration and Reuse Office (FFRRO) Home Page
www. epa. gov/swerffrr/
This home page contains links to a number of helpful resources. Among these resources
are Initiatives and Guidance, BRAC, Laws and Regulations, Partnerships, and
Innovative Technology. To overcome the difficulties posed by contamination at Federal
facilities, FFRRO works with DoD, DOE, and other Federal entities to help them develop
creative, cost-effective solutions to their environmental problems. FFRRO's overall
mission is to facilitate faster, more effective, and less costly cleanup and reuse of Federal
facilities. By focusing on teamwork, innovation, and public involvement, FFRRO and its
Regional counterparts improve environmental cleanup, while protecting and
strengthening the conditions of human health, the environment, and local economies.
104. Federal Technology Transfer Offices On The Internet
www.nalusda.gov/ttic/guide.htm
This home page provides links with major agencies' technology transfer sites (e.g.,
Environmental Protection Agency, Department of Defense, Department of Energy) in
which users can exchange information on remedy selection and access other resources
provided by their peers.
105. Hazardous Waste Clean-Up Information (CLU-IN) Home Page
clu-in.com
This EPA web site provides information about innovative treatment technologies to the
hazardous waste remediation community. It describes programs, organizations,
publications, and other tools for Federal and State personnel, consulting engineers,
technology developers and vendors, remediation contractors, researchers, community
groups, and individual citizens. Topics include remediation technologies, site
characterization, partnerships andconsortia, "what's hot" and "what's new, " regulatory
information, supply and demand for technologies, other Internet and on-line resources,
and publications and software resources.
106. Office of Underground Storage Tanks Home Page
www.epa.gov/OUST
The Office of Underground Storage Tanks (OUST) was created in the summer of 1985 to
carry out the Congressional mandate to develop and implement a new regulatory
program for UST systems. OUST provides technical and administrative support to EPA's
ten Regional offices as well as 56 State and territorial regulatory programs. OUST is
organized into two divisions: the Policy and Standards Division and the Implementation
Division. The OUST home page contains information on topic areas such as program
priorities, new program developments, the mission statement, regional offices, and
State/local programs.
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Compendium of Federal Facilities Cleanup Management Information February 1998
107. RCRA State Authorization File Libraries: Policy and Guidance Documents
www.epa.gov/epaoswer/hazwaste/state/index.htm
This web site contains links to a number of documents (e.g., guidance, memos, checklists,
etc.) that set precedence for most RCRA State Authorizations. State authorization is a
rule-making process through which EPA delegates the primary responsibility of
implementing the RCRA hazardous waste program to individual States in lieu of EPA.
This process ensures national consistency and minimum standards while providing
flexibility to States in implementing rules. State RCRA programs must always be at least
as stringent as the Federal requirements, but States can adopt more stringent
requirements as well. EPA makes draft checklists available before its review is
completed because EPA believes they are generally reliable and useful in the State
authorization process, and wants to provide the information contained in the checklists
as quickly as possible.
108. Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program
www.hgl.com/SERDP/
The Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program is the Department of
Defense 's (DoD) corporate environmental R&D program, planned and executed in full
partnership with the Department of Energy (DOE) and the Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA), with participation by numerous other Federal and non-Federal
organizations. Within its broad areas of interest, the Program focuses on cleanup,
compliance, conservation, and pollution prevention technologies.
109. Technology Innovation Home Page
www.epa.gov/epaoswer/tio/index.htm
The Technology Innovation Office (TIO) acts as an advocate for new technologies to
increase the application of resourceful treatment technologies to contaminated waste
sites, ground water, and soils. The home page provides downloadable files on various
hazardous waste remediation technologies and other resources, as well as a link to the
CLU-IN home page described above.
110. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Innovative Technology Program
www.mrd.usace.army.mil/mrded-h/itech.html
This web site links you to numerous facets of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Innovative Technology Program. The purpose of this program is to update, improve, and
enhance the Corps environmental investigation and restoration methods. The program is
attempting to combine the efforts of a handful of organizations. The hope is, that
through collaborative efforts, feasible solutions will be developed most efficiently. Links
from this web site include innovative technology advocates, success stories, workshops
and technology information, and references for other resources.
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February 1998 Compendium of Federal Facilities Cleanup Management Information
B. Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
NOTE: Other GIS documents and information can be found under "XII.
Databases/User's Manuals, B. Geographic Information Systems. "
111. The Geographic Information Systems FAQ
www.census.gov/geo/www/faq-index.html
This is the index of frequently asked questions (FAQ) and answers about Geographic
Information Systems (GIS). The FAQ is a resource of the comp. infosystems.gis news
group and the GIS-L mailing list, which are no longer mirrors of each other.
112. Geographic Information Systems Resources & Materials
earth.fhda.edu/gis.html
Geographic information systems (GIS) are used to map and analyze geographically
referenced information. A GIS is composed of computer hardware, software, and
geographic data. GIS technology integrates common database operations such as query
and statistical analysis with the unique visualization and geographic analysis benefits
offered by maps. This home page provides links to a variety of sources of information
about GI and GIS software, including news groups, frequently asked questions, and
private and government web sites that provide GIS services and software.
113. Geographic Information Systems Tools
www.epa.gov/epahome/datatool.htmtfgis
This home page provides links to five GIS tools: (1) Maps on Demand (MOD); (2)
Envirofacts Data Warehouse; (3) EPA Spatial Data Library System (ESDLS); (4)
Geospatial Data Clearinghouse; and (5) National Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
Program. These tools include information such as maps, methods for identifying the
location of natural or man-made features on the earth, contact information, and other
GIS-related material.
114. Yahoo: Top: Science: Geography: Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Web Site
www.yahoo.com/science/geography/geographic_information_systems_gis_/
This site provides a search engine that allows you to choose to specifically search GIS
information. You can further target other areas as well (such as Institutes,
Organizations, Indices, and Conferences).
XIV. Other Related Compendiums and Resources
115. Compendium of CERCLA ARARs Fact Sheets and Directives. 1991. Collection of 37
documents. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Emergency and
Remedial Response; U.S. Department of Energy Assistant Secretary for Environment,
Safety and Health, Office of Environmental Guidance. OSWER 9347.3-15. [Available
from Superfund Docket]
CERCLA requires attainment of Federal and State Applicable and Relevant and
Appropriate Requirements (ARARs). This document describes the process of attaining
ARARs and provides a complete and current source of "Quick Reference Facts Sheets "
and directives on ARARs. These fact sheets provide overviews of ARARs for CERCLA
cleanup actions.
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Compendium of Federal Facilities Cleanup Management Information February 1998
116. Catalog of Superfund Program Information Products. 1994. 313 pp. (EPA) U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Emergency and Remedial Response. EPA
540/8-91/014. Washington, DC. [Available from NTIS]
All publicly available Superfund documents from the Office of Emergency and Remedial
Response (OERR) can be obtained through NTIS. This catalog contains over 1,500
documents consisting of information on administrative and management issues, program
implementation, technology policy and administration, and technology program
implementation. It is categorized by subject, and provides a bibliography and abstract
for each documents.
Ill. Fitting the Pieces Together: The Role of EPA Offices in Federal Facilities Cleanup and
Reuse. 1997. 19 pp. (EPA) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste
and Emergency Response. EPA 505/F9-7/001. Washington, DC. [Available from NCEPI]
Many EPA offices provide information about or assistance with environmental issues
related to Federal facilities. More than 10 offices at EPA, each having a distinct role
and mission, provide a wide range of products and services related to the cleanup and
reuse of Federal facilities. These offices are located at EPA Headquarters and in the
EPA regions. Some of these offices are dedicated solely to issues affecting Federal
facilities, while others are involved in activities that affect Federal facilities, as well as
other types of sites. This document provides a summary and overview of the above
mentioned offices, including a description of their mission and duties. Through the use
of tables and graphics, one is shown how these entities are related and how they junction
within the EPA.
118. Catalog of Materials on Federal Facilities Restoration and Reuse. 1997. 39 pp. (EPA)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response.
EPA 505/B-97/001. Washington, DC. [Available from NCEPI]
www.epa.gov/swerffrr/guide.htm
FFRRO developed this document in response to requests for information about resources
currently available on cleanup and rescue of Federal facilities. Designed for quick
reference, the catalog contains summary information about each document, cost and
ordering information, the Internet location, and other useful information. The catalog is
organized into five subject categories: (1) base realignment and closure; (2) property
transfer; (3) reuse, liability, and remedy selection; (4) information sources; and (5)
stakeholder involvement and public outreach.
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February 1998 Compendium of Federal Facilities Cleanup Management Information
HOW TO OBTAIN DOCUMENTS LISTED IN THIS GUIDE
Documents listed in this Compendium are available through a variety of sources. Contact the
appropriate source based on the following information. References to these sources are included
after each bibliography.
As listed below, EPA/510, EPA/540, EPA/600, EPA/625, and EPA/903 documents are available
through the Center for Environmental Research Information (CERI). EPA/540 documents can
also be obtained through the National Center for Environmental Publications and Information
(NCEPI), along with EPA/542 documents. These document repositories provide in-stock
documents free of charge, but document supplies may be limited. If documents are no longer
available from these sources, they can be obtained through the National Technical Information
Service (NTIS) and the Government Printing Office (GPO) for a fee; therefore, prior to
purchasing a document, you may wish to review a copy on the Internet, at a technical or
university library, or at a public library that houses government documents. OSWER prefixed
documents (e.g., OSWER-92) can also be obtained from the Superfund Docket.
Document Type
Document Source
Publications with the following
numbers:
EPA/510 (limited collection)
EPA/540 (limited collection)
EPA/600
EPA/625
EPA/903 (limited collection)
Center for Environmental Research Information (CERI)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
(513)569-7562
Fax: (513)569-7566
8:30 a.m. - 5:00 p.m., Eastern Time
CERI is the focal point for the exchange of scientific and technical environmental information
produced by EPA. It supports the activities of the Office of Research and Development.
Document Type
Document Source
FFRRO Documents
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response
Federal Facilities Restoration and Reuse Office
401 M Street, S.W.
Washington D.C.
(202) 260-9924
www. epa. gov/swerffrr/
The FFRRO Home Page provides you with links to initiatives and guidance documents
concerning contamination cleanup at Federal facilities.
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Compendium of Federal Facilities Cleanup Management Information
February 1998
Document Type
Document Source
Publications with the following
numbers:
EPA/540
EPA/542
National Center for Environmental Publications and
Information (NCEPI)
P.O. Box 42419
Cincinnati, OH 45242
1 (800) 490-9198
Fax: (513)489-8695
7:00 a.m. - 5:30 p.m, Eastern Time
www.epa.gov/ncepihom/
NCEPI serves as the centralized source for EPA publications and electronic media products.
NCEPI also produces the Agency's publications catalog.
Document Type
Document Source
Publications with the following
prefixes:
AD
DE
PB
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
U.S. Department of Commerce
5285 Port Royal Road
Springfield, VA 22161
To Order: 1(800) 553-6847 or (703) 605-6000
General Info: (703) 605-6050
TDD: (703) 605-6043
Fax:(703)321-8547
Rush Service: 1 (800)-553-6847
8:30 a.m. - 5:00 p.m, Eastern Time
www.ntis.gov/
E-Mail: orders@ntis.fedworld.gov
NTIS is the central source for the public sales of U.S. and foreign government-sponsored
research focusing on technical and business information from more than 200 government
agencies. Non-Federal Government employees must order documents with NTIS numbers from
NTIS.
Document Type
Publications with the following
numbers:
OSWER-92
OSWER-93
Document Source
Superfund Docket
401 M Street, SW, 5501
RoomM-2615
Washington, D.C. 20460
(703) 603-8917
Fax: (703) 603-9240
www. epa.gov/earth 1 00/records/aOO 108
html
E-Mail: superfund.docket@epamail.epa.gov
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February 1998
Compendium of Federal Facilities Cleanup Management Information
Document Type
Document Source
DOE documents, such as 1, 10,
34, and 40 are available, free of
charge, from:
Center for Environmental Management Information
P.O. Box 23769
Washington, D.C. 20026-3769
1 (800) 736-3282, (202) 863-5084
Fax: (202) 554-3267
10:00 a.m. - 5:00 p.m., Eastern Time
www. em. doe. gov/stake/order2. html
Document Type
Document Source
DoD documents are available
from:
Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
8725 John Jay Kingman Road
Suite 0940
Fort Belvoir, VA 22060-6218
1 (800) 225-3842, (703) 767-8274
Fax: (703) 767-9070
www.dtic.mil/dtic/ordering.html
E-Mail: rp-orders@DTIC.mil
Document Type
Document Source
Publications of the following
type:
Federal Register
U.S. Government Printing Office (GPO)
Superintendent of Documents
P.O. Box 371954
Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954
(202)512-1800
Fax: (202)512-2250
8:00 a.m. - 4:00 p.m., Eastern Time
www.gpo.gov
The GPO Home Page gives users access to an index to all of its publications, including the
Federal Register. Some recent documents can be downloaded. All documents can be ordered
through the home page, by calling the above phone number, or by mailing or faxing a request.
Many of the documents are available on the Internet before they are available in print.
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Compendium of Federal Facilities Cleanup Management Information February 1998
Problems Finding a Document?
If you have any difficulty finding a document or wish to obtain EPA/510 documents, call:
RCRA/Superfund/OUST Hotline 1 (800) 424-9346 or (703) 412-9810
TDD: 800-553-7672 or (703) 412-3323
FAX: 703-412-3323
www.epa.gov/epaoswer/hotline/index.htm
This hotline operates Monday - Friday, 9:00 a.m. - 6:00 p.m., Eastern Time. Hotline staff can
help EPA staffer members of the public locate documents and assist callers with placing
document orders.
Documents Obtained from Other Sources
The following documents may also be obtained from the sources noted below:
9. Understanding Risk: Informing Decisions in a Democratic Society
National Academy Press
2101 Constitution Avenue, NW
Washington, D.C. 20055
1 (800) 624-6242 or (202) 334-3313 in the Washington, D.C. area
Fax: (202)334-2451
8:30 a.m. - 5:00 p.m., Eastern Time
3 3. Presumptive Remedies and NCP Compliance
Office of General Counsel
Assistant General Counsel for Environmental, Civil Rights and General Law
Room 10102 (C-10)
U.S. Department of Transportation
400 7th Street, SW
Washington, DC 20590
51. The Road to ROD: Tips for Remedial Project Managers
Region 3 Public Environmental Education Center (PEEC)
841 Chestnut Street
Philadelphia, PA 19107
(215) 597-7332
81. Navy/Marine Corps Installation Restoration Manual
Bill Judkins, Program Manager for Navy Installation Restoration Program
Naval Facilities Engineering Command
200 Stovall Street
Alexandria, Virginia 22332
(703) 325-2128
Fax: (703)325-0183
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February 1998 Compendium of Federal Facilities Cleanup Management Information
84. Presumptive Remedy Engineering Evaluation Cost Analysis (PREECA)
U.S. Air Force
Environmental Restoration Flight
129 Andrews Street, Suite 102
Langley AFB, Virginia 23655-5339
(804) 764-4613
Fax: (804) 764-5339
85. PR'98 Environmental Compliance Cookbook (Draft)
Mike Green, Program Manager for Navy Installation Restoration Program
Naval Facilities Engineering Command
200 Stovall Street
Alexandria, Virginia 22332
(703)325-8538
Fax: (703)325-0183
99. LandViewmIII
U.S. Department of Commerce
Bureau of the Census
P.O. Box 277943
Atlanta, GA 303-84-7943
Customer Service: (301) 457-4100
Fax: (888) 249-7295 or (301) 457-3842
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Compendium of Federal Facilities Cleanup Management Information February 1998
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February 1998
Compendium of Federal Facilities Cleanup Management Information
INDEX
The following index references the resource numbers assigned to each resource described in
the Compendium.
Air Emissions, Control of, 64, 65
ARARs, 45, 115
Baseline Risk Assessments (see Risk
Assessments)
Bioremediation, 3, 4, 97
BRAC, 118
Case Studies
Ground Water Extraction, 11
Innovative Technologies, 68
Presumptive Remedies/Plug-In RODs, 53
Treatment Technologies Resource
Guide, 4
Catalogues, 116, 118
Community/Stakeholder Involvement
Decommissioning DOE Facilities, 89
Environmental Restoration,
Acceleration, 77
Land Use, 47
Restoration Advisory Boards, 87
Cost
Bioremediation, 97
Cost of Compliance, Naval
Installations, 85
DNAPLs, 16
Remedial Design, 59
Remedy Selection Process, 48
Removal Cost Management System,
37, 94
Treatment Technologies, 78, 97
Cost Benefit/Effectiveness, Remedies
Air Emissions, Control of, 64, 65
Installation Restoration Program, 82
Presumptive Remedy Engineering
Evaluation Cost Analysis
(PREECA), 84
Treatment Technologies, 78
Data Quality
Data Quality Objectives, 90, 91
Environmental Restoration, SAFER,
oo
oo
Databases/User's Manuals
Bioremediation in Field Search System
(BFSS), 97
Geographic Information, 112, 113
Health Effects, Summary Tables, 96
Integrated Biokinetic Model for Lead
in Children (IEUBK), 95
Integrated Risk Information System
(IRIS), 93
LandView™, 99
Removal Cost Management
System, 94
Treatment Technologies, 4, 97
Vendor Information System for
Innovative Treatment Technologies
(VISITT), 98
Decommissioning DOE Facilities, 89
Defense Environmental Restoration
Program (DERP)
Defense Technical Information Center
Home Page, 101
Environmental Restoration, 77
Requirements and Accomplishments,
81, 86
Deletions, 73
Deletions, 73, 79
Dense Nonaqueous Phase Liquid (see
DNAPL)
Department of Defense (see DoD
Guidance)
Department of Energy (see DOE
Guidance)
DNAPL, 12, 15, 16, 17
A-l
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Compendium of Federal Facilities Cleanup Management Information
February 1998
DoD Guidance
Defense Environmental Restoration
Program, Navy/Marines, 81
Environmental Compliance, Navy, 85
Installation Restoration Program,
Army, 82
Installation Restoration Program,
Navy/Marines, 81
Internet Sites, 101, 108, 110
Natural Attenuation, 19, 20
Presumptive Remedy Engineering
Evaluation Cost Analysis
(PREECA), 84
Restoration Advisory Boards, 87
DoD Internet Sites, 101, 108, 110
DOE Guidance
ARARs, 115
Corrective/Remedial Action and
RCRA/CERCLA Comparison, 57
Internet Sites, 100
Removal Actions, Procedures, 43
Risk Assessments, Baseline, 8
DOE Internet Sites, 100
Environmental Restoration
Acceleration Guidance, 77
DERP Requirements and
Accomplishments, 81, 86, 101
Installation Restoration Program, 82
SAFER Process, 88
EPA Internet Sites, 102, 103, 105, 106,
107, 109
Explosive Wastes, 2
Federal Facilities
Catalog, Restoration and Reuse, 118
Cleanup, Improving, 80
Compliance Strategy, 74
Defense Environmental Restoration
Program, 81, 83, 101
DoD Internet Sites, 101, 108, 110
DOE Internet Sites, 100
Environmental Compliance, Navy, 85
Environmental Restoration
Acceleration Guidance, 77, 86
Explosive Wastes, 2
Federal Technology Transfer Internet
Sites, 104
FFRRO Internet Sites, 103
Five-Year Reviews, 71
Innovative Treatment Technologies, 69
Installation Restoration Program,
81, 82
Listing Sites, Policy, 79
Natural Attenuation, 18, 19, 20
Presumptive Remedy Engineering
Evaluation Cost Analysis
(PREECA), 84
Radioactive Wastes, 2
RCRA Corrective Actions, 57
Records of Decision (RODs), 51
Remedy Selection, DOE Home
Page, 100
Removal Actions, Procedures, 43
Restoration Advisory Boards
(RABs), 87
Risk Assessments, Baseline, 8
Role of EPA Offices, 117
SAFER Process, 88
Treatment Technologies, 69, 76, 83
Five Year Reviews, 71
Geographic Information Systems (CIS)
Internet Sites, 111, 112, 113, 114
LandView™, 99
Ground Water
Categorizing Wastes, Treatment vs.
Containment, 22
DNAPLs, 12, 15, 16, 17
Monitoring, 3
NAPLs, 13
Natural Attenuation, 19, 20
Presumptive Remedies, Ex-Situ
Treatment, 34
Pump and Treat, 3
Remedy Selection, Rules of Thumb, 5
A-2
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February 1998
Compendium of Federal Facilities Cleanup Management Information
State Protection Programs, 21
Technical Impracticability, 14
Treatment Technologies, 4, 11
Innovative Treatment Technologies
Annual Status Report, 69
Bibliography, 70
Case Studies, 68
Clean-Up Information (CLU-IN)
Internet Sites, 105
DoD Internet Sites, 110
DOE Internet Sites, 100
Technology Innovation Office Internet
Site, 109
VISITT Database, 98
Installation Restoration Program
Requirements Manuals, 81, 82
Interagency Guidance
ARARs, 115
Cost and Performance, Remediation, 78
Decommissioning DOE Facilities, 89
Environmental Restoration, Acceleration
Guidance, 77
National Contingency Plan (NCP), 75
Remedial Action Technology Guide, 83
ROD Process, Overview, 51
Technology Screening Matrix and
Reference Guide, 76
Legislation/Guidance/Publications
DoD Internet Sites, 101, 108, 110
DOE Internet Sites, 100
EPA Internet Sites, 102, 103, 105, 106,
107, 109
FFRRO Internet Sites, 103
RCRA Internet Sites, 107
Natural Attenuation
Chlorinated Solvents, 20
Monitored Use, 18
Petroleum, 19
Nonaqueous Phase Liquid (NAPL), 13
Physical/Chemical Treatment, 4
Post-Remedial Actions
Close Out Procedures, 72
Coordination with RCRA Closure, 60
Deletions, 73, 79
Five Year Reviews, 71
Potentially Responsible Parties (see
PRPs)
Presumptive Remedies
Federal Facilities, 36, 77, 84
General Approach, 29, 36
Ground Water, 34, 36
Landfill Caps, 32, 34
Municipal Landfills, 31, 35, 36
NCP Compliance, 33, 36
Plug-In RODs, 53
Volatile Organic Compounds in Soil
(VOCs), 28, 36
Wood Treater Sites, 31, 36
PRPs
Oversight of RD/RAs, 55
Radioactive Wastes, 2, 63
RCRA Hazardous Wastes
ARARs Compliance, 45
Corrective Actions, RCRA/CERCLA
Comparisons, 57, 60
Facility Stabilization, 40
Ground Water, 13
Internet Sites, 107
Lead Regulator Policy, 60
Natural Attenuation Policy, 18
Regulation Strategy, 61
State Authorization Files, 107
Treatability Variances, 22
Records of Decision (see RODs)
Remedial Action
Clean-Up Information (CLU-IN)
Internet Home Page, 105
Close Out Procedures, 72
Five-Year Reviews, 71
Oversight of PRPs, 55
Radioactive Waste, Cleanup
Levels, 63
RCRA Coordination, 57, 60
Reference Guides, 56, 57, 58, 83
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Compendium of Federal Facilities Cleanup Management Information
February 1998
Statutory Requirements, 44
Remedial Design
Oversight of PRPs, 55
Reference Guides, 56, 58
Scoping, 59
Remedial Investigation/Feasibility
Studies (RI/FS) (see also, Ground
Water, Presumptive Remedies, Risk
Assessment, Soil)
Categorizing Wastes, Treatment vs.
Containment, 23
Cleanup Methods/Technologies, 2,3,4
Explosives/Radioactive Wastes, 2
Process, 1
Natural Attenuation, 18, 19, 20
Risk Assessments, 6, 10
Rules of Thumb, Remedy Selection, 5
State Ground Water Protection
Programs, 21
Remedy Selection
ARARs, 115
Baseline Risk Assessments, Role in
Remedy Selection Decisions, 46
Catalog, Restoration and Reuse, 118
Community/Stakeholder Involvement,
47, 77, 87, 89
Compliance with Other Laws, 45
Consistency, National, 49
Cost, 48
DOE Internet Site, 100
EPA Internet Site, 102
Federal Technology Transfer Internet
Site, 104
Land Use, 47
Plug-In RODs, 53
Plug-In RODs, No Action, 54
Presumptive Remedies (see Presumptive
Remedies)
Radioactive Wastes, Cleanup Levels, 63
Rules of Thumb, 5
Statutory Requirements, 44
Updating Remedy Decisions, 62
Removal/Interim Actions
Action Memorandum, Guidance, 38
Cost Management System, 37
Enforcement Guidance, 41
Non-Time-Critical, 42
Presumptive Remedy Engineering
Evaluation Cost Analysis
(PREECA), 84
Procedures, 39, 43
RCRA, 40
Risk Assessments
Baseline, Reference Manuals, 6, 8
Decision-Making, 9
Ecological, 6, 10
Process, 7
Role in Remedy Selection, 46
Rules of Thumb, 5
RODs
Categorizing Wastes, Treatment vs.
Containment, 23
Plug-In, 53, 54
Presumptive Remedies (see
Presumptive Remedies)
Presumptive Remedy Engineering
Evaluation Cost Analysis
(PREECA), 84
Process, 51, 52
Radioactive Wastes, Cleanup
Levels, 63
SACM
Presumptive Remedies, 29, 77, 84
Soil/Sludge/Surface Materials (see
also DNAPLs)
Categorizing Wastes, Treatment vs.
Containment, 23
Bioremediation Resource Guide, 4
Capping, 3
Cleanup Standards, 24, 25
Excavation, 3
Immobilization, 3
Inorganics, Background Level
A-4
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February 1998
Compendium of Federal Facilities Cleanup Management Information
Determinations, 26
Soil/Sludge/Surface Materials (cont'd)
In Situ Vitrification, 3
Incineration, 3
Leachate Collection, 3
Lead Cleanup Levels, 25
Natural Attenuation, 18, 19, 20
Presumptive Remedies, 28, 30, 31,
32, 36
Soil Screening Levels (SSLs), 27
Soil Vapor Extraction, 4
Soil Washing, 3
Thermal Desorption, 3
Treatability Variances, 22
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)
in Soil, 28
Stakeholder Involvement
Decommissioning DOE Facilities, 89
Environmental Restoration,
Acceleration, 77
Land Use, 47
Restoration Advisory Boards, 87
State Requirements, 21, 45, 107
Superfund Accelerated Cleanup Model,
(see SACM)
Superfund Home Page, 102
Technologies, Remedial
Bioremediation, 3, 4, 97
Capping, 3
Cleanup Methods, Common, 3
Clean-Up Information (CLU-IN) Internet
Home Page, 105
Cost/Performance, 78, 97
Defense Technical Information Center
Home Page, 101
Department of Energy Home Page, 100
DNAPLs, 15, 16
Excavation, 3
Federal Technology Transfer
Opportunities on the Internet, 101
General Guidance, 83
Ground Water, 3, 4, 11, 13, 16, 35
Immobilization, 3
In Situ Vitrification, 3
Incineration, 3
Innovative, 68, 69, 70, 100, 105, 109
Leachate Collection, 3
Physical/Chemical Treatment, 4
Presumptive Remedies (see
Presumptive Remedies)
Pump and Treat, 3
Screening Matrix and Reference
Guide, 76
Soil Vapor Extraction, 4
Soil, VOCs in, 28
Soil Washing, 3
Technology Innovation Home
Page, 109
Thermal Desorption, 3
Vendor Information System,
VISITT, 98
Technology Transfer, 104
Treatability Variances
Soil and Debris, 22
Underground Storage Tanks
Alternative Treatment
Technologies, 66
Natural Attenuation Policy, 18
OUST Home Page, 106
Recovering Free Product, 67
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in
Soil, 28
A-5
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