United States Environmental Protection Agency Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics (7408) EPA-745-R-99-004 March 1999 »EPA 33/50 Program The Final Record printed on recycled paper ------- ------- Contents Key Findings 1 Program Goals Met and Exceeded 2 33/50 Program Releases and Transfers: Overview 2 Company Participation 4 Reductions Pledged 4 Participant Goals Met and Exceeded 5 Releases and Transfers by Chemical 6 Organics versus Inorganics 12 Ozone Depleters 12 Releases and Transfers by Type 17 Releases and Transfers by State 17 States with Largest Baseline Totals 17 States with Increases 17 Participants' Reductions by State 17 33/50 Program Chemicals in Waste 24 Production-related Waste by Chemical 25 Production-related Waste by Management Method 32 Source Reduction Activity 32 Boxes Boxl. Box 2. Box 3. Box 4. Tables Table 1. Table 2. Table 3. Table 4. Table 5. Table 6. Table 7. Exhibits 17 Targeted Chemicals 1 Measure of Progress: Releases and Transfers 3 Production-related Waste Data: A Larger View 24 Waste Management Hierarchy 32 Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals vs. Other TRI Chemicals, 1988-1996 3 33/50 Program Overview 5 33/50 Program Achievements by Participant Status 7 Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals, 1988, 1990, 1995, 1996 8 Total Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals, by State, 1988-1996 20 Total Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals, by Participant Status, by State, 1988, 1990, 1995, 1996 22 Total Production-related Waste, 33/50 Program Chemicals vs. Other TRI Chemicals, 1991-1998 24 ------- Tables, Continued Table 8. Quantity of 33/50 Program Chemicals Recycled On- and Off-site, by Chemical, 1991,1995-1998 26 Table 9. Quantity of 33/50 Program Chemicals Used for Energy Recovery On- and Off-site, by Chemical, 1991, 1995-1998 27 Table 10. Quantity of 33/50 Program Chemicals Treated On- and Off-site, by Chemical, 1991, 1995-1998 28 Table 11. Quantity of 33/50 Program Chemicals Released On- and Off-site, by Chemical, 1991, 1995-1998 29 Table 12. Quantity of 33/50 Program Chemicals in Production-related Waste, by Chemical, 1991, 1995-1998 29 Table 13. Number of Forms Reporting Source Reduction Activity, by 33/50 Program Chemical, 1991-1996 35 Table 14. Total Production-related Waste Associated with Forms Reporting Source Reduction Activity, by 33/50 Program Chemical, 1991-1996 37 Figures Figure 1. Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals, 1988-1996 2 Figure 2. Percent Reductions in Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals vs. Other TRI Chemicals, 1988-1996 4 Figure 3. 33/50 Program Participant Status, January 1996 6 Figure 4. Percent Change in Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals: Participants vs. Non-participants, 1988-1996 7 Figure 5. Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals by Chemical, 1988-1996 13 Figure 6. Percent Change in Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals by Chemical, 1988-1996 14 Figure 7. Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals: Organics and Inorganics, 1988-1996 15 Figure 8. Percent Change in Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals: Organics vs. Inorganics, 1988-1996 15 Figure 9. Percent Change in Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals: Ozone Depleters vs. Others, 1988-1996 16 Figure 10. Percent Change in Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals: Ozone Depleters vs. Others, 1988-1995 16 Figure 11. Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals by Release and Transfer Type, 1988-1996 18 Figure 12. Percent Change in Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals by Release and Transfer Type, 1988-1996 19 Figure 13. Percent Change in Total Production-Related Waste, 33/50 Chemicals vs. Other TRI Chemicals, 1991-1998 25 Figure 14. Total Production-related Waste of 33/50 Program Chemicals, by Chemical, Actual and Projected, 1991, 1995-1998 30 Figure 15. Percent Change in Production-related Waste of 33/50 Program Chemicals, by Chemical, Actual and Projected, 1991-1998 31 Figure 16. Quantities of 33/50 Program Chemicals Managed in Waste, by Management Method, Actual and Projected, 1991, 1995-1998 33 Figure 17. Percent Change in Waste Management Methods, 33/50 Program Chemicals, 1991-1998 34 Figure 18. Forms Reporting Source Reduction Activity: Percent of All Forms, 1991-1996 36 Figure 19. Forms Reporting Source Reduction Activity: Percent of All Production-related Waste, 1991-1996 38 ------- 33/50 Program: The Final Record The 33/50 Program targeted 17 priority chemicals (Box 1) and set as its goal a 33% reduction in releases and transfers of these chemicals by 1992 and a 50% reduction by 1995, measured against a 1988 baseline. The first of EPA's growing series of voluntary programs, its primary purpose was to demonstrate whether voluntary partnerships could augment the Agency's traditional command-and- control approach by bringing about targeted reductions more quickly than would regulations alone. The program also sought to foster a pollution prevention ethic, encouraging companies to consider and apply pollution prevention approaches to reducing their environmental releases rather than traditional end-of-the-pipe methods for treating and disposing of chemicals in waste. Key Findings The 33/50 Program achieved its goal in 1994, one year ahead of schedule, primarily through program participants' efforts. Although the largest reductions in 33/50 Program chemicals reflected U.S. action to phase out ozone-depleting chemicals under the Montreal Protocol, facilities also reduced releases and transfers of the other 33/50 chemicals by 50% from 1988 to 1995. Facilities reported more source reduction activity (pollution prevention) for 33/50 chemicals than for other TRI chemicals and this activity covered a greater percentage of production-related waste for 33/50 chemicals than for other TRI chemicals. Reductions continued at a higher rate for 33/50 chemicals than for other TRI chemicals in the year after the 33/50 Program ended. Box 1. 17 Targeted Chemicals Benzene Tetrachloroethylene Cadmium and cadmium compounds Carbon tetrachloride Toluene Chromium and chromium compounds Chloroform 1,1,1-Trichloroethane Cyanide compounds Dichloromethane Trichloroethylene Lead and lead compounds Methyl ethyl ketone Xylenes Mercury and mercury compounds Methyl isobutyl ketone Nickel and nickel compounds ------- j 33/50 Program: The Final Record a Program Goals Met and Exceeded The 33/50 Program met its ultimate goala 50% reduction in releases and transfers of the 17 targeted chemicalsin 1994, one year early (see Figure 1). The most recent data show a 1988 baseline total for the 17 chemicals of 1.496 billion pounds of on-site releases and transfers off-site to treatment and disposaland a 1994 total of 748 million pounds. In 1995, releases and transfers of the 33/50 chemicals totaled 672 million pounds, and by 1996, releases and transfers had dropped nearly 60% from the 1988 baseline, to 601 million pounds. (Box 2 explains the data presented in this report.) 33/50 Program Releases and Transfers: Overview For the 17 targeted chemicals, on-site releases and transfers off-site to treatment and disposal decreased from 1.496 billion pounds in 1988 to 672 million pounds in 1995 and further to 601 million pounds in 1996, as shown in Table 1. Over the five years that the 33/50 Program operated, releases and transfers of the 17 targeted chemicals reported to TRI decreased 47%. This is an average percent decrease per year of more than 9% for 1990-1995, compared to less than 8% per year for the two previous years (1988-1990) and nearly 11% for the year after (1995-1996). Figure 1. Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals, 1988-1996 Millions of Pounds 1,400 - 1,200 - 1 000 800 - finn 400 - 200 - 0 - 1<496 -4.90/0 1,423 -15.4% 1,265 -32.1% ' ,016 -40.0% 898 -1D.O70 804 -50.0% 748 .55.1 % 672 _59.9o/0 601 1992 Goal: 1,002 Million Pounds 1995 Goal: 748 Million Pounds 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 Note: Does not include amounts for transfers to recycling and energy recovery reported for 1991 -1996. ------- 33/50 Program: The Final Record \s^fe|//j "%£i^' Table 1. Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals vs. Other TRI Chemicals, 1988-1996 Year 1988 1990 1995 1996 All TRI Chemicals (Excluding Additions/ Deletions) Pounds 4,020,250,532 3,428,644,482 2,289,147,796 2,216,858,876 TRI Chemicals Less 33/50 Chemicals Pounds 2,524,122,352 2,163,382,571 1,616,832,014 1,616,250,453 33/50 Chemicals Only Pounds 1,496,128,180 1,265,261,911 672,315,782 600,608,423 Percent Change Percent Change Percent Change 1988-1990 -14.7 -14.3 -15.4 1990-1995 -33.2 -25.3 -46.9 1995-1996 -3.2 -0.04 -10.7 Note: Does not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1990, 1991, 1994 and 1995, ammonia, aluminum oxide, hydrochloric acid, and sulfuric acid. Does not include amounts for transfers to recycling and energy recovery reported for 1991-1996. Box 2. Measure of Progress: Releases and Transfers The types of on-site environmental releases reported to TRI have not changed from the first reporting year air emissions, surface water discharges, underground injection, and on-site releases to land. The types of off- site transfers that must be reported, however, have expanded. In the early years of TRI, facilities reported off- site transfers to treatment (by private facilities or by publicly owned treatment works, POTWs) and to disposal. Although TRI later began collecting data on transfers off-site to recycling and to energy recovery, these were not covered by the 33/50 Program. The 33/50 Program therefore measured its progress in reducing all release types plus transfers to treatment, POTWs, and disposal, based on the original TRI reporting categories. With publication of the 1996 TRI data, EPA revised its summary presentations to reflect more closely the character of certain off-site transfer types, specifically transfers to disposal. Because off-site disposal also results in environmental release of the chemical, EPA began categorizing these transfers as an off-site release. Data tables in this report adhere to this scheme, presenting total on- and off-site releases (including transfers to disposal as off-site releases) plus off-site transfers to treatment (including POTWs). "Releases and transfers" in this report refers to these specific release and transfer categories. Tables and figures in this report emphasize three time periods in the 33/50 Program's history: 1988-1990 captures information before the program began, 1990-1995 measures progress during the program's tenure, 1995-1996 tracks developments in the first year after the program ended. Some tables and figures compare amounts reported for 33/50 chemicals to reporting for all other TRI chemicals. To control for changes in the TRI chemical list over time, year-to-year comparisons of this type are based on a consistent list of chemicals reported in all years 1988 to 1996. Because TRI facilities can correct or revise their reports at any time for any year, summary data measuring the achievements of the 33/50 Program change somewhat from year to year. Data in this report are from the 1996 TRI database, as summarized in 1996 Toxics Release Inventory: Public Data Release, EPA 745-R-98-005, May 1998. ------- j 33/50 Program: The Final Record Figure 2. Percent Reductions in Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals vs. Other TRI Chemicals, 1988-1996 1988-1990 1990-1995 1995-1996 -5 - 10 - 15 - 20 - 25 - 30 - 35 - 40 - 45 - =;n 1 1 D 33/50 Chemicals DOtherTRI Chemicals Percent Note: Does not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1990, 1991, 1994 and 1995, ammonia, aluminum oxide, hydrochloric acid, and sulfuric acid.Does not include amounts for transfers to recycling and energy recovery reported for 1991-1996. 33/50 Program chemicals outpaced all other TRI chemicals for reductions in releases and transfers in all three time periods shown in Table 1 and Figure 2. Before the program began, the per- centage reduction in 33/50 chemicals (15%) was already somewhat greater than the reduction in other TRI chemicals (14%). During the years the program operated, however, facilities reported much greater percentage reductions in the targeted chemicals (47%) than for the others (25%). An even greater difference in percentage reductions appeared in the year since the program's close, as 33/50 chemicals dropped nearly 11% compared to almost no decrease in other TRI chemicals (a 0.04% reduction). Company Participation EPA devoted considerable outreach effort for the 33/50 Program, focused on facilities reporting to TRI on any of the targeted chemicals from 1988 to 1994more than 20,000 facilities in all. Initial communications were directed to the chief executive officers of parent companies of these facilities. In the spring and summer of 1991, invitations to participate in the program went to a total of 5,000 companies. Another 2,500 more were invited to participate over the next three years. (See Table 2.) Nearly 1,300 companies (13% of all eligible companies) responded with commitments to the 33/50 Program, and their facilities reported more than 60% of the 1988 releases and transfers of the 33/50 chemicals. EPA concentrated much of its outreach on the "top 600" companiesthose with the greatest amounts of releases and transfers. (As mailing lists improved and companies merged, the number of actual companies contacted was closer to 500 than 600, but the name for this group remained "Top 600.") These companies received the first invitations to participate and were the focus of greater follow-up from 33/50 Program head- quarters and region staff. This concentration on larger companies proved effective: 64% of these companies participated in the Program, compared to less than 14% of the smaller companies. Reductions Pledged EPA encouraged participants to set their own reduction goals, oriented to their own time frames, and most did so. Of the 1,294 companies participating, 1,066 set measurable goals for reducing their releases and transfers of the 17 targeted chemicals against the 1988 baseline. These pledges totaled 370 million pounds, ------- 33/50 Program: The Final Record Table 2. 33/50 Program Overview Parent Companies /Date Contacted Top 600 March 1991 Companies with 33/50 Facilities 509 Responses with Commitments 328 to 33/50 Program Responses with Numerical Goals 26 Not Quantifiable to the 1988 Baseline Responses with Use Reduction 13 Goals Only 5,400 New in Companies RY 1989 July 1991 4,534 819 136 65 July 1992 New in New in New since RY1990 RY1991 RY 1992 Total January January Not from All 1993 1994 Contacted Companies Number of Companies 940 60 37 818 40 15 754 40 13 2,612 7 1 10,167 1,294 228 90 Quantities of the 17 Targeted Chemicals Covered by the 33/50 Program Millions of Pounds, 1988 Total Releases and Transfers 993 Reported to TRI in 1988 Total from the Companies 809 Making Commitments Total from the Companies with 697 Quantifiable Commitments Pledged Reductions from 327 the Companies with Quantifiable Commitments 367 110 69 37 13 26 89 1,496 935 778 370 RY = reporting year Note: Does not include amounts for transfers to recycling and energy recovery reported for 1991 -1996. representing a little less than half of their total 1988 releases and transfers of 778 million pounds. (See Table 2 and Figure 3.) Other participant companies developed goals tied to changes in their production levels, chose alternative baseline years, or set a reduction target for all their TRI reporting without specifying goals for the 33/50 chemicals. Some made general commitments, without numerical goals. Some companies took a pollution prevention approach, pledging to reduce their use of the targeted chemicals. These pledges did not always specify targeted goals for reducing releases and transfers. As a result, the 370 million pounds of pledged reductions in releases and transfers represented a lower bound on the reductions that companies attempted under the 33/50 Program. Participant Goals Met and Exceeded Participants whose commitments could be calculated against the 1988 baseline achieved 507 million pounds of reductions from 1988 to 1995. ------- j 33/50 Program: The Final Record Figure 3. 33/50 Program Participant Status, January 1996 Participants Number of Companies Pledged Reductions Millions of Pounds 1,400 1,200 - 1,000 - 800 - 600 - 400 - 200 - 0-i^r. 1995 Goal - 1,200 - 1,000 - 800 748 million pounds 1992 Goal 494 million pounds 1,400 - 600 - 400 - 200 July '91 Feb. Mar. Mar. Feb. Jan. July Feb. Mar. Mar. Feb. Jan. '92 '93 '94 '95 '96 '91 '92 '93 '94 '95 '96 This greatly exceeded the group's total pledges (370 million pounds) and amounted to 65% of the group's 1988 baseline amount (778 million pounds)well beyond the 50% national target. (See Table 3 and Figure 4.) Companies for whom commitments could not be calculated against a 1988 baseline achieved another 90 million pounds of reductions, out of 156 million pounds reported for 1988. This group achieved a 58% reduction from 1988 to 1995. Altogether, program participants in the program accomplished a 64% reduction from 1988 to 1995. Facilities belonging to companies that did not participate in the program also achieved reduc- tions, totaling 227 million pounds from 1988 to 1995 or 40%. Releases and Transfers by Chemical On-site releases and transfers off-site to treatment and disposal that facilities reported to TRI for the 17 targeted chemicals for 1988, 1990, 1995, and 1996 appear in Table 4. For 1988 to 1995, the largest percentage reduction88%was reported for 1,1,1-trichloroethane, an ozone- depleting chemical discussed in more detail below. The largest absolute reduction199 million poundswas reported for toluene. Toluene, the chemical with the largest releases and transfers in 1988 (367 million pounds), remained the top 33/50 chemical in 1995 (169 million pounds) and 1996 (150 million pounds). ------- 33/50 Program: The Final Record Table 3. 33/50 Program Achievements by Participant Status Total Releases and Transfers Type of Commitment Companies Facilities 1988 1990 Number Number Pounds Pounds Pledge met or exceeded Pledge not met Subtotal for companies with quantifiable commitments Reduction not calculable Subtotal for participants Non-participants Total Type of Commitment Pledge met or exceeded Pledge not met Subtotal for companies with quantifiable commitments Reduction not calculable Subtotal for participants Non-participants Total 593 4,280 186 794 779 5,074 515 1,756 1,294 6,830 8,873 14,615 10,167 21,445 1988-1995 Reduction Achieved Pounds 492,192,020 14,328,639 506,520,659 90,490,414 597,011,073 226,801,325 895,519,757 Note: Does not include amounts for transfers to recycling and 674,578,344 525 103,809,831 88 778,388,175 614 156,152,275 129 934,540,450 743 561,587,730 521 1,496,128,180 1,265 Pledged Reduction Pounds 315,603,486 54,234,768 369,838,254 0 369,838,254 0 369,838,254 energy recovery reported for ,903,816 ,485,666 ,389,482 ,016,102 ,405,584 ,856,327 ,261,911 1988-1990 Percent -22.0 -14.8 -21.1 -17.4 -20.5 -7.1 -15.4 1991-1996. 1995 Pounds 182,386,324 89,481,192 271,867,516 65,661,861 337,529,377 334,786,405 672,315,782 1996 Pounds 163,733,891 85,468,331 249,202,222 53,376,905 302,579,127 298,029,296 600,608,423 Percent Change 1990-1995 1988-1995 Percent Percent -65.3 1.1 -55.7 -49.1 -54.6 -35.8 -46.9 -73.0 -13.8 -65.1 -58.0 -63.9 -40.4 -55.1 Figure 4. Percent Change in Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals: Participants vs. Non-participants, 1988-1996 o Participants All Companies -10 - -20 - -30 - -40 - -50 - -60 - -70 - -80 D Pledge m et or exceeded D Pledge not met D Reduction not calculable Participants Non-participants Percent Note: Does not include amounts for transfers to recycling and energy recovery reported for 1991 -1996. ------- j 33/50 Program: The Final Record a Table 4. Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals, 1988,1990, 1995,1996 CAS Number 71-43-2 56-23-5 67-66-3 75-09-2 78-93-3 108-10-1 127-18-4 108-88-3 71-55-6 79-01-6 Chemical Benzene Carbon tetrachloride Chloroform Dichloromethane Methyl ethyl ketone Methyl isobutyl ketone Tetrachloro- ethylene Toluene 1,1,1-Trichloro- ethane Trichloro- ethylene Xylenes Year 96 95 90 88 96 95 90 88 96 95 90 88 96 95 90 88 96 95 90 88 96 95 90 88 96 95 90 88 96 95 90 88 96 95 90 88 96 95 90 88 96 95 90 88 Forms Number 472 468 504 483 64 69 100 95 156 160 192 169 909 998 1,455 1,676 2,100 2,286 2,728 2,531 911 1,011 1,126 1,011 394 434 666 746 3,200 3,420 4,297 4,003 390 795 4,219 3,921 663 733 810 953 3,229 3,436 3,994 3,649 Fugitive or Nonpoint Air Emissions Pounds 3,365,712 4,020,284 14,917,148 20,664,086 140,533 140,135 432,955 1,101,201 3,086,308 3,333,191 8,594,655 7,790,990 21,519,922 23,064,126 38,239,458 49,679,087 20,641,669 25,026,991 45,853,410 41,981,304 4,570,658 5,632,099 9,879,327 13,049,874 3,095,666 4,588,748 9,342,044 16,335,782 41,711,487 52,433,574 88,134,301 106,246,178 4,339,326 11,002,844 85,805,762 93,139,461 10,665,331 12,375,423 19,051,257 26,168,376 22,267,595 25,319,157 37,616,000 39,922,654 Stack or Point Air Emissions Pounds 4,753,759 5,259,238 10,926,395 11,677,898 210,317 254,041 1,320,385 2,694,047 6,235,110 6,942,723 14,527,935 18,197,619 31,900,543 34,905,022 62,761,354 79,480,442 38,426,835 44,718,128 88,809,753 99,116,021 14,312,039 16,147,952 18,570,578 18,985,959 4,765,504 4,950,002 13,597,047 19,786,515 83,670,741 93,577,558 161,950,285 193,156,221 4,428,210 12,088,982 83,172,300 87,702,388 10,606,835 13,667,466 20,948,735 29,775,360 65,461,914 76,654,035 111,960,295 129,751,037 Surface Water Discharges Pounds 27,376 21,301 25,303 46,732 215 717 4,718 15,627 340,396 330,352 997,560 1,114,965 10,060 28,620 194,764 349,960 74,989 65,520 95,083 92,076 22,569 51,292 55,593 762,108 1,311 2,407 21,510 33,314 68,697 53,291 201,580 196,957 844 1,118 16,984 95,624 541 1,477 14,285 13,801 43,517 36,098 49,549 213,032 Under- ground Injection Pounds 312,766 282,642 689,066 825,035 44,515 53,966 31,557 98,050 45,387 33,276 89,560 36,000 749,507 1,140,335 850,018 1,478,833 432,772 556,607 146,209 255,955 162,000 158,600 52,226 116,650 13,436 20,481 11,012 72,250 329,275 310,691 1,432,923 1,473,666 1,354 126 1,586 1,000 1,291 550 805 390 183,980 95,103 105,399 144,978 8 ------- 33/50 Program: The Final Record Table 4. On-site Releases to Land Pounds 76,157 18,582 717,008 125,228 0 0 1,005 14,759 32,709 4,297 57,992 68,647 4,957 2,064 21,024 157,156 139,598 87,856 50,591 166,597 4,858 7,041 24,738 31,770 30,442 6 1,260 82,144 557,160 85,798 370,832 643,668 26,303 38,470 62,446 204,923 23,140 3,577 12,554 21,186 330,008 144,661 423,453 647,989 Off-site Releases (Transfers to Disposal) Pounds 65,750 71,391 264,685 396,880 9,245 7,735 10,163 49,703 38,868 6,636 82,714 143,124 116,409 176,467 1,001,707 10,154,983 247,023 217,811 3,035,746 5,014,725 35,672 86,316 732,806 1,966,238 22,071 72,961 796,846 1,385,378 1,022,535 881,153 4,980,475 9,615,791 34,031 124,363 3,865,652 5,947,875 76,327 57,670 753,864 1,466,469 508,478 584,692 4,574,162 6,646,896 Total On- and Off-site Releases Pounds 8,601,520 9,673,438 27,539,605 33,735,859 404,825 456,594 1,800,783 3,973,387 9,778,778 10,650,475 24,350,416 27,351,345 54,301,398 59,316,634 103,068,325 141,300,461 59,962,886 70,672,913 137,990,792 146,626,678 19,107,796 22,083,300 29,315,268 34,912,599 7,928,430 9,634,605 23,769,719 37,695,383 127,359,895 147,342,065 257,070,396 311,332,481 8,830,068 23,255,903 172,924,730 187,091,271 21,373,465 26,106,163 40,781,500 57,445,582 88,795,492 102,833,746 154,728,858 177,326,586 Transfers to Treatment Pounds 1,491,143 1,780,401 1,918,780 1,892,869 1,600,815 738,973 1,072,020 1,300,058 1,860,389 1,644,237 1,237,677 1,204,786 11,903,667 10,893,108 7,852,367 11,198,082 4,887,309 5,883,761 17,255,862 22,189,902 1,233,056 1,503,755 3,816,880 6,075,272 1,440,050 2,192,750 3,676,603 4,059,045 22,051,736 20,733,577 34,698,580 47,861,093 1,023,362 1,270,732 8,676,227 12,158,277 1,606,178 1,042,803 3,063,098 4,693,074 8,712,588 15,605,052 20,179,239 27,449,055 Transfers to to POTWs Pounds 214,698 218,505 635,478 1,165,252 480 473 42,050 5,014 329,533 418,401 802,260 1,226,573 640,294 799,579 1,293,254 1,831,154 598,327 502,492 891,841 964,168 299,154 398,672 1,259,294 1,509,030 1,847 14,997 450,922 558,691 599,828 850,357 1,769,464 3,593,521 10,318 3,922 173,194 305,358 86,392 15,073 11,949 85,652 921,968 932,012 1,957,018 4,225,457 Other Off-site Transfers* Pounds 6 0 38,048 7,430 0 0 5 250 0 0 1,260 20,365 1,815,884 2,140 651,644 1,089,604 70,490 5,830 752,896 2,063,186 2,013 3,866 50,273 2,467,760 0 75,924 75,032 138,270 60,979 5,168 953,045 4,662,390 0 0 583,606 1,310,826 0 0 156,119 360,514 16,690 7,055 663,625 3,865,706 Total Transfers Pounds 1,705,847 1,998,906 2,592,306 3,065,551 1,601,295 739,446 1,114,075 1,305,322 2,189,922 2,062,638 2,041,197 2,451,724 14,359,845 11,694,827 9,797,265 14,118,840 5,556,126 6,392,083 18,900,599 25,217,256 1,534,223 1,906,293 5,126,447 10,052,062 1,441,897 2,283,671 4,202,557 4,756,006 22,712,543 21,589,102 37,421,089 56,117,004 1,033,680 1,274,654 9,433,027 13,774,461 1,692,570 1,057,876 3,231,166 5,139,240 9,651,246 16,544,119 22,799,882 35,540,218 Total Releases and Transfers Pounds 10,307,367 11,672,344 30,131,911 36,801,410 2,006,120 1,196,040 2,914,858 5,278,709 11,968,700 12,713,113 26,391,613 29,803,069 68,661,243 71,011,461 112,865,590 155,419,301 65,519,012 77,064,996 156,891,391 171,843,934 20,642,019 23,989,593 34,441,715 44,964,661 9,370,327 11,918,276 27,972,276 42,451,389 150,072,438 168,931,167 294,491,485 367,449,485 9,863,748 24,530,557 182,357,757 200,865,732 23,066,035 27,164,039 44,012,666 62,584,822 98,446,738 119,377,865 177,528,740 212,866,804 Note: Does not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1990, 1991, 1994 and 1995, ammonia, aluminum oxide, hydrochloric acid, and sulfuric acid. Does not include amounts for transfers to recycling and energy recovery reported for 1991-1996. For 1995 and 1996, Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without a valid waste management code. For 1988 and 1990, Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without a valid waste management code or with codes not required to be reported in 1988 and 1990. ------- j 33/50 Program: The Final Record a Table 4. Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals, 1988,1990, 1995,1996, Continued CAS Number Chemical Cadmium and cadmium compounds Chromium and chromium compounds Cyanide compounds Lead and lead compounds Mercury and mercury compounds Nickel and nickel compounds Total for 33/50 Chemicals All Other TRI Chemicals Total for All TRI Chemicals Year 96 95 90 88 96 95 90 88 96 95 90 88 96 95 90 88 96 95 90 88 96 95 90 88 96 95 90 88 96 95 90 88 96 95 90 88 Forms Number 143 157 258 205 3,169 3,284 3,121 2,454 272 289 370 428 1,650 1,670 1,920 1,598 34 34 63 52 2,776 2,728 2,364 1,747 20,532 21,972 28,187 25,721 39,267 39,913 42,316 36,990 59,799 61,885 70,503 62,711 Fugitive or Nonpoint Air Emissions Pounds 7,890 9,657 31,035 32,399 522,191 441,163 575,193 626,332 200,729 275,551 240,948 657,222 626,869 727,657 909,011 839,523 12,155 10,698 14,793 16,797 335,509 250,988 395,092 425,992 137,109,550 168,652,286 360,032,389 418,677,258 139,073,678 136,086,168 207,832,418 262,251,735 276,183,228 304,738,454 567,864,807 680,928,993 Stack or Point Air Emissions Pounds 36,774 34,151 72,270 90,293 372,505 752,690 577,482 701,374 3,035,142 3,280,566 1,721,580 1,699,447 1,178,551 1,299,403 1,387,334 1,822,375 4,942 5,613 8,756 8,484 371,280 337,470 327,150 299,282 269,771,001 314,875,040 592,639,634 694,944,762 549,458,877 571,646,796 666,066,552 804,988,566 819,229,878 886,521,836 1,258,706,186 1,499,933,328 Surface Water Discharges Pounds 4,624 1,103 3,344 4,147 711,411 154,966 451,176 401,219 107,159 90,229 129,669 197,544 62,419 63,051 133,545 242,159 541 328 809 1,406 88,809 77,971 152,282 222,619 1,565,478 979,841 2,547,754 4,003,290 43,578,657 34,939,024 103,351,242 160,548,096 45,144,135 35,918,865 105,898,996 164,551,386 Under- ground Injection Pounds 82 109 1,575 2,409 37,431 60,780 83,242 54,902 4,005,897 5,112,794 4,981,412 5,445,176 794 912 1,653 2,760 9 6 21 27 90,503 114,256 268,963 239,263 6,410,999 7,941,234 8,747,227 10,247,344 111,811,388 131,967,260 151,142,262 151,721,788 118,222,387 139,908,494 159,889,489 161,969,132 10 ------- 33/50 Program: The Final Record Table 4, Cont. On-site Releases to Land Pounds Off-site Releases (Transfers to Disposal) Pounds Total On- and Off-site Releases Pounds Transfers to Treatment Pounds Transfers to to POTWs Pounds Other Off-site Transfers* Pounds Total Transfers Pounds Total Releases and Transfers Pounds 553,447 378,711 397,773 389,479 938,552 1,710,293 1,170,634 1,114,047 1,541,369 2,134,024 1,676,631 1,632,774 227,611 193,287 149,534 169,830 3,147 4,200 13,762 21,613 1 46,535 230 2,941 230,759 244,022 163,526 194,384 1,772,128 2,378,046 1,840,157 1,827,158 26,900,022 22,559,978 25,983,804 40,215,263 16,744,943 21,613,907 22,591,037 21,982,102 45,288,503 45,583,484 50,261,934 63,981,192 3,971,183 5,512,127 4,223,860 3,879,311 297,040 359,242 1,144,767 2,093,099 5,441 32,955 7,609,067 1,231,272 4,273,664 5,904,324 12,977,694 7,203,682 49,562,167 51,487,808 63,239,628 71,184,874 76,104 18,583 19,720 108,969 96,345 149,764 382,575 582,431 7,521,376 8,927,487 7,475,904 8,690,789 408,257 481,566 919,363 1,985,587 237,514 240,829 141,644 1,162,724 0 500 1,880 151,159 645,771 722,895 1,062,887 3,299,470 8,167,147 9,650,382 8,538,791 11,990,259 14,979,456 14,684,821 18,986,126 26,684,305 23,220,634 19,095,190 49,189,908 24,982,994 40,068,723 35,871,034 70,607,577 54,574,116 14,078,006 7,491,293 4,714,364 5,156,979 47,511 58,363 192,997 213,675 728,614 1,258,520 3,069,720 934,592 14,854,131 8,808,176 7,977,081 6,305,246 54,922,854 44,679,210 78,584,658 60,879,362 537 1,016 4,199 13,279 25,884 208,075 154,209 235,963 44,068 225,736 182,787 275,956 14,441 16,739 58,835 38,804 15 24 311 1,892 0 871 261 0 14,456 17,634 59,407 40,696 58,524 243,370 242,194 316,652 3,959,588 2,734,229 5,094,399 3,609,583 8,238,804 8,593,604 8,492,583 10,335,657 13,084,493 12,108,518 14,730,469 15,132,396 2,924,939 2,015,593 4,024,282 3,065,730 180,123 182,133 318,122 905,143 12,301 1,271 3,743,608 497,290 3,117,363 2,198,997 8,086,012 4,468,163 16,201,856 14,307,515 22,816,481 19,600,559 47,694,486 51,441,571 513,993,085 79,434,730 40,769,690 53,658,028 586,876,119 78,999,754 52,228,924 102,079,766 1,118,275,694 117,537,571 73,184,945 102,021,256 1,303,078,855 154,377,754 252,285,064 213,564,295 1,309,771,959 168,585,298 231,654,898 202,119,907 1,308,414,053 157,497,112 343,336,714 275,777,574 1,747,506,762 170,522,567 385,929,166 284,440,328 2,049,879,679 214,826,737 299,979,550 265,005,866 1,823,765,044 248,020,028 272,424,588 255,777,935 1,895,290,172 236,496,866 395,565,638 377,857,340 2,865,782,456 288,060,138 459,114,111 386,461,584 3,352,958,534 369,204,491 4,468,189 2,712,419 86,615,338 600,608,423 4,999,274 1,440,635 85,439,663 672,315,782 11,098,327 18,350,319 146,986,217 1,265,261,911 19,868,016 18,803,555 193,049,325 1,496,128,180 137,526,856 366,340 306,478,494 1,616,250,453 150,174,598 746,251 308,417,961 1,616,832,014 223,284,027 22,069,215 415,875,809 2,163,382,571 234,940,404 24,475,532 474,242,673 2,524,122,352 141,995,045 3,078,759 393,093,832 2,216,858,876 155,173,872 2,186,886 393,857,624 2,289,147,796 234,382,354 40,419,534 562,862,026 3,428,644,482 254,808,420 43,279,087 667,291,998 4,020,250,532 Note: Does not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1990, 1991, 1994 and 1995, ammonia, aluminum oxide, hydrochloric acid, and sulfuric acid. Does not include amounts for transfers to recycling and energy recovery reported for 1991-1996. For 1995 and 1996, Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without a valid waste management code. For 1988 and 1990, Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without a valid waste management code or with codes not required to be reported in 1988 and 1990. 11 ------- j 33/50 Program: The Final Record As illustrated in Figure 5, most of the chemicals showed consistent downward trends. However, reductions occurred at a different pace among the various chemicals. Figure 6 illustrates percentage changes for the 33/50 chemicals. Figure 6 also makes clear the more consistent reductions among organic chemicals on the 33/50 Program list, with the notable exception of carbon tetrachloride, and the more erratic results among inorganic substances on the list. Organics versus Inorganics Organic chemicals on the 33/50 Program's target list constituted the majority of the releases and transfers reported, as shown in Figure 7. Facilities also reported larger reductions by far for the organic chemicals than for inorganics, as shown in Figure 8. Releases and transfers of organic chemicals declined throughout 1988-1996, including a reduction of nearly 50% during 1990- 1995. For the inorganic compounds, however, releases and transfers decreased 30% during 1990- 1995 and increased before and after that time period. Because organic chemicals accounted for such a large proportion of the total reporting of 33/50 chemicals, their large percentage reductions determined the overall percentage reduction for the 33/50 chemicals. Ozone Depleters Among the organic substances targeted by the 33/50 Program were two ozone-depleting chemicals, carbon tetrachloride and 1,1,1- trichloroethane (TCA). The Montreal Protocol, opened for international signature in 1987 and amended in 1990 and 1992, called for phasing out the production and use of designated ozone- depleting chemicals by January 1, 1996. Imple- menting this agreement, the United States banned production of carbon tetrachloride and TCA by that deadline. Carbon tetrachloride accounted for a relatively small portion of total releases and transfers of 33/50 chemicals, and its releases and transfers also declined substantially before the 33/50 Program began (from 5.3 million pounds in 1988 to 2.9 million pounds in 1990, a 49% decrease). With 201 million pounds of releases and transfers in 1988, however, the chemical 1,1,1 -trichloroethane (TCA) constituted a much larger portion of the 33/50 Program's baseline. Further, releases and transfers of TCA) decreased only 9% from 1988 to 1990. (See Table 4 and Figure 6.) From 201 million pounds in 1988, releases and transfers of TCA dropped to less than 25 million pounds in 1995 and under 10 million pounds in 1996. TCA accounted for one fifth of the overall reduction in 33/50 chemicals for 1988-1996. As noted, carbon tetrachloride was the one 33/50 organic chemical whose releases and transfers increased in the latest year (from a little over 1 million pounds in 1995 to 2 million pounds in 1996). As shown in Figure 9, the two ozone-depleters posted the greatest percentage reductions in releases and transfers of 33/50 Program chemicals from 1990 to 1996. While other 33/50 Program chemicals decreased 40% from 1990 to 1995 and 9% in 1996, releases and transfers of carbon tetrachloride and TCA decreased 86% during the 33/50 Program years and 54% in the year after. Even though the ozone depleters accounted for such large reductions, the other 33/50 chemicals did meet the 50% reduction goal based on the 1988 baseline, as shown in Figure 10. 12 ------- 33/50 Program: The Final Record Figure 5. Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals by Chemical, 1988-1996 Benzene Carbon tetrachloride Chloroform Dichloromethane Methyl ethyl ketone Methyl isobutyl ketone Tetrachloroethylene Toluene 1,1,1-Trichloroethane Trichloroethylene Xylenes Cadmium and cadmium compounds Chromium and chromium compounds Cyanide compounds Lead and lead compounds Mercury and mercury compounds Nickel and nickel compounds -i 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 Millions of Pounds Note: Does not include amounts for transfers to recycling and energy recovery reported for 1991 -1996. 1988 1990 1995 1996 13 ------- j 33/50 Program: The Final Record a Figure 6. Percent Change in Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals by Chemical, 1988-1996 Benzene Carbon tetrachloride Chloroform Dichloromethane Methyl ethyl ketone Methyl isobutyl ketone Tetrachloroethylene Toluene 1,1,1-Trichloroethane Trichloroethylene Xylenes Cadmium and cadmium compounds Chromium and chromium compounds Cyanide compounds Lead and lead compounds Mercury and mercury compounds Nickel and nickel compounds -100 -75 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 Percent Change Note: Does not include amounts for transfers to recycling and energy recovery reported for 1991 -1996. 1988-1990 1990-1995 1995-1996 14 ------- 33/50 Program: The Final Record Figure 7. Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals: Organics and Inorganics, 1988-1996 Millions of Pounds 1,600 1,400 - 1,200 - 1,000 - 800 - 600 - 400 - 200 - DOrganics Inorganics 1988 1990 1995 1996 Note: Does not include amounts for transfers to recycling and energy recovery reported for 1991 -1996. Figure 8. Percent Change in Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals: Organics vs. Inorganics, 1988-1996 10 Organics Inorganics All 33/50 Program Chemicals T -20 - -20 - -30 - -40 - -50 - -60 1988-1990 D1990-1995 D1995-1996 Percent Note: Does not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1990, 1991, 1994 and 1995, ammonia, aluminum oxide, hydrochloric acid, and sulfuric acid. Does not include amounts for transfers to recycling and energy recovery reported for 1991-1996. 15 ------- j 33/50 Program: The Final Record a Figure 9. Percent Change in Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals: Ozone Depleters vs. Others, 1988-1996 Ozone Depleters Other 33/50 Program Chemicals All 33/50 Program Chemicals 1988-1990 D1990-1995 D1995-1996 100 Percent Note: Does not include amounts for transfers to recycling and energy recovery reported for 1991 -1996. Figure 10. Percent Change in Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals: Ozone Depleters vs. Others, 1988-1995 Other 33/50 All 33/50 0 H -10 - -20 - -30 - -40 - -50 - -60 - -70 - -80 - -90 - -1 nn Ozone Program Program Depleters Chemicals Chemicals i i I I Percent Note: Does not include amounts for transfers to recycling and energy recovery reported for 1991 -1996. 16 ------- 33/50 Program: The Final Record Releases and Transfers by Type Air emissions accounted for the great maj ority of releases and transfers of 33/50 chemicals and the great majority of reductions, as illustrated in Figure 11. From 1988 to 1996, total air emissions of 33/50 chemicals declined from 1.114 billion pounds to 407 million pounds. Fugitive air emissions declined 53% during 1990-1995 and point source air emissions decreased 47%, as illustrated in Figure 12. Surface water discharges and transfers to POTWs also decreased by substantial percentages during 1990-1995. However, in 1996, surface water discharges, on-site releases to land, and off-site transfers to treatment increased. (Totals presented in Table 4 also summarize the 33/50 data by release and transfer type.) Releases and Transfers by State Thirty-four states met or exceeded the 33/50 Program's goal of a 50% reduction in releases and transfers of the targeted chemicals by 1995 (see Table 5). New Hampshire recorded the largest percentage decrease87%. Five other states had reductions of more than 75% (Connecticut, Maine, New Jersey, New York, and Minnesota). States with Largest Baseline Totals Most of the states with the largest releases and transfers in 1988 met or exceeded the 50% goal (see Table 5). Ohio facilities reported releases and transfers totaling 103 million pounds for the 33/50 chemicals in 1988 and reduced that total to 37 million in 1995, a 64% reduction. Ranking first for releases and transfers of the 17 chemicals in 1988, Ohio ranked fifth in 1995 and again in 1996. Ranking second for releases and transfers of 33/50 chemicals in 1988, Texas was one of the few large states whose reductions did not reach 50%. Texas facilities reported 101 million pounds in 1988 and 52 million pounds in 1995, a 48% reduction. Texas ranked first for total releases and transfers of 33/50 chemicals in 1995 and 1996. Indiana ranked third in 1988 and second in 1995, although releases and transfers reported of the 33/50 chemicals in that state decreased 51% from 93 million pounds to 46 million pounds. A substantial decrease in 1996 (to 37 million pounds) returned Indiana to third place. States with Increases Releases and transfers fluctuated from year to year in the states with 1988-1995 increases (Idaho, Montana, and Nevada), as shown in Table 5. In Puerto Rico, however, releases and transfers decreased from a peak in 1991, although the 198 8- 1995 period shows a net increase. In 1996, Puerto Rico's releases and transfers fell below the territory's 1988 level. Participants' Reductions by State In 42 states and territories, participation in the 33/50 Program covered 50% or more of the 1988 baseline releases and transfers; the national average was nearly 63% (see Table 6). Participants accounted for more than 50% of the 1988-1995 reductions in all but 13 states and territories. 17 ------- j 33/50 Program: The Final Record a Figure 11. Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals by Release and Transfer Type, 1988-1996 Millions of Pounds 750 700 - 650 - 600 - 550 - 500 - 450 - 400 - 350 - 300 - 250 - 200 - 150 - 100 - 50 - 1988 D1990 D1995 D1996 Fugitive Stack Surface Under- Air Air Water ground Emissions Emissions Discharges Injection On-site Off-site Transfers Transfers Other Releases Releases to to Off-site to Land (Transfers POTWs Treatment Transfers to Disposal) Note: For 1995 and 1996, Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without a valid waste management code. For 1988 and 1990, Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without a valid waste management code or with codes not required to be reported in 1988 and 1990. 18 ------- 33/50 Program: The Final Record Figure 12. Percent Change in Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals by Release and Transfer Type, 1988-1996 Fugitive Air Emissions Stack Air Emissions Surface Water Discharges Underground Injection On-site Releases to Land Off-site Releases (Transfers to Disposal) Transfers to Treatment Transfers to POTWs Other Off-site Transfers 1988-1990 D1990-1995 D1995-1996 -150 -100 -50 50 100 Percent Note: For 1995 and 1996, Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without a valid waste management code. For 1988 and 1990, Other Off-site Transfers are transfers reported without a valid waste management code or with codes not required to be reported in 1988 and 1990. 19 ------- j 33/50 Program: The Final Record a Table 5. Total Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals, by State, 1988-1996 (Ordered by Percent Change in Total Releases and Transfers in 1988-1995) State New Hampshire Connecticut Maine New Jersey New York Minnesota Virgin Islands Colorado New Mexico Massachusetts Hawaii Oklahoma Ohio Illinois Vermont Georgia Rhode Island Maryland Wisconsin Kansas Washington California Delaware Wyoming Arkansas Iowa Utah Florida Louisiana North Carolina Virginia Indiana Missouri Pennsylvania Michigan Texas Alabama South Carolina Alaska Kentucky Nebraska West Virginia Arizona Mississippi Oregon Tennessee North Dakota South Dakota Puerto Rico Nevada Montana Idaho District of Columbia American Samoa Facilities Number 146 456 89 715 835 420 1 172 36 589 11 271 1,595 1,287 41 571 195 179 809 245 271 1,709 52 24 320 314 137 403 241 827 416 1,042 549 1,220 955 1,149 425 422 11 394 130 124 206 300 208 623 28 55 133 38 20 33 2 1 1988 Pounds 9,412,702 28,857,220 6,058,580 40,958,269 72,901 ,207 42,508,085 1,876,864 6,688,866 1,898,410 26,020,336 390,357 20,673,773 102,994,911 74,367,684 1,685,915 40,318,244 6,311,793 10,186,408 38,016,229 19,996,953 15,289,244 66,419,946 4,054,007 953,940 23,907,993 26,787,218 9,348,638 18,626,944 27,264,650 64,050,341 39,484,549 93,490,828 45,709,472 92,335,028 76,353,573 101,046,430 37,208,385 30,702,486 680,555 31,904,046 11,826,720 14,227,057 11,618,062 32,652,804 8,872,178 42,135,305 862,075 1,633,438 9,879,295 728,119 2,905,146 1 ,046,902 0 0 1989 Pounds 8,375,691 24,842,524 5,253,729 29,846,884 57,482,474 54,927,940 1,851,717 5,890,469 1,040,636 23,241 ,555 328,382 14,369,431 101,586,886 72,324,075 1,155,146 36,420,311 5,284,318 9,998,131 37,406,686 19,352,048 15,387,898 59,264,399 5,209,099 672,417 23,025,085 23,445,668 9,951,988 18,711,306 21 ,759,435 61,214,293 35,268,887 89,486,221 43,132,705 81 ,622,954 92,401,008 94,227,176 39,065,185 36,671,192 702,819 27,366,711 12,165,341 12,734,481 8,708,548 30,893,528 9,436,879 41 ,642,045 778,490 2,082,278 9,671,103 631,159 3,832,754 948,999 0 0 1990 Pounds 5,397,779 18,309,649 4,623,844 24,555,024 48,028,631 40,463,852 1 ,576,047 3,492,717 828,478 20,532,682 291,781 12,681,620 80,711,836 63,995,281 1 ,033,627 31,334,832 4,269,758 9,528,411 31,737,444 17,398,993 14,730,741 54,142,485 2,796,794 889,625 20,901,924 21,022,749 38,177,677 12,245,598 20,985,621 56,383,430 32,911,282 90,134,828 37,800,727 70,596,766 64,449,221 82,546,915 34,341,643 29,447,295 699,564 25,531,045 11,975,263 12,071,497 8,718,241 28,853,310 11,090,295 40,267,683 1,091,748 1 ,902,929 11,943,771 732,980 3,932,293 1,153,685 0 0 1991 Pounds 4,642,639 14,786,041 3,882,207 16,653,442 37,291,601 29,505,736 1 ,486,406 2,849,828 562,279 14,790,342 181,153 12,990,052 74,586,574 47,925,282 1,164,216 25,169,497 3,357,100 8,157,793 25,876,708 14,871,573 11,975,188 43,682,277 2,496,105 659,367 15,401,530 15,672,152 7,916,908 12,615,634 19,936,350 47,387,604 25,818,542 64,276,222 29,189,654 55,592,619 53,218,214 68,119,422 29,663,579 24,872,839 931,719 20,163,693 10,587,796 9,416,598 9,921,249 26,225,553 10,391,570 34,552,542 687,036 1 ,852,825 15,560,270 573,915 3,799,227 1,976,574 0 0 1992 Pounds 3,664,749 12,897,197 3,317,643 13,451,719 30,614,394 20,489,553 1,327,407 2,864,282 537,941 12,778,115 227,854 9,671,963 54,319,379 42,374,283 663,899 23,190,628 2,860,440 5,933,139 22,629,725 12,069,489 8,426,368 35,247,681 1 ,936,235 498,104 16,437,472 12,981,092 8,146,290 11,304,881 18,680,498 43,368,724 24,177,285 62,062,676 27,490,072 50,860,044 46,055,430 68,455,230 25,541,445 22,863,962 951 ,572 21,243,985 9,915,556 8,017,947 6,868,017 24,793,124 8,873,120 34,540,987 780,735 2,072,331 13,332,847 607,219 4,084,254 1 ,823,802 0 0 1993 Pounds 2,650,243 9,871,485 2,825,204 11,305,476 24,197,981 14,658,011 1,021,654 3,247,022 456,668 9,849,327 181,376 10,196,586 47,906,513 34,536,010 761,672 18,661,047 2,821,293 5,924,770 19,258,762 9,997,259 7,136,626 28,447,858 2,263,134 187,748 13,167,389 11,786,823 8,389,539 9,636,728 15,768,837 39,216,236 23,112,533 55,075,770 33,537,745 51,076,375 46,943,016 60,006,971 23,376,220 18,793,643 556,027 19,800,686 9,176,050 7,812,212 3,416,348 24,888,493 7,622,484 32,450,129 651 ,338 1,265,087 11,256,590 670,310 4,572,033 1 ,749,088 0 16 Total 21,445 1,496,128,180 1,423,091,084 1,265,261,911 1,015,865,242 898,322,784 804,138,441 20 ------- 33/50 Program: The Final Record ?( Table 5. State New Hampshire Connecticut Maine New Jersey New York Minnesota Virgin Islands Colorado New Mexico Massachusetts Hawaii Oklahoma Ohio Illinois Vermont Georgia Rhode Island Maryland Wisconsin Kansas Washington California Delaware Wyoming Arkansas Iowa Utah Florida Louisiana North Carolina Virginia Indiana Missouri Pennsylvania Michigan Texas Alabama South Carolina Alaska Kentucky Nebraska West Virginia Arizona Mississippi Oregon Tennessee North Dakota South Dakota Puerto Rico Nevada Montana Idaho District of Columbia American Samoa 1994 Pounds 1 ,793,754 7,809,196 1,848,377 10,305,679 23,200,070 12,998,645 837,084 2,676,607 710,450 9,282,029 174,754 9,160,815 41,831,843 34,827,295 717,266 19,059,383 2,450,860 5,315,775 17,752,803 9,322,220 6,818,701 26,467,324 2,464,029 185,455 12,420,528 11,460,575 5,828,620 8,053,918 12,990,691 34,470,435 21,761,982 49,682,861 28,444,124 47,790,534 47,565,933 57,874,715 21,353,276 16,853,513 163,434 19,448,164 8,006,195 8,685,399 4,758,182 24,292,050 5,287,869 31,692,019 595,091 1 ,439,472 11,523,800 794,058 5,480,453 1,702,793 5 0 1995 Pounds 1 ,243,600 6,612,545 1,388,957 9,598,522 17,258,814 10,100,607 511,850 1 ,833,734 609,044 8,429,782 129,709 7,177,823 37,307,637 28,626,034 651,594 15,622,852 2,449,007 3,968,625 15,157,275 8,061,786 6,303,818 27,605,538 1,717,015 406,162 10,439,837 11,714,188 4,099,745 8,378,209 12,994,315 30,912,432 19,239,054 46,067,097 22,573,302 46,017,673 38,593,452 52,178,039 19,989,895 16,515,561 368,890 17,929,650 7,044,365 8,650,266 7,219,216 22,679,312 6,201,450 30,157,572 679,099 1,415,800 10,136,897 801,310 4,587,043 1,959,528 255 0 1996 Pounds 1,026,280 5,470,283 1,012,333 7,788,430 16,604,938 8,813,595 475,063 1,703,831 612,570 6,700,498 110,000 6,173,363 32,812,870 26,655,514 418,767 15,536,402 1,846,130 3,528,669 14,821,013 8,614,252 5,679,841 15,163,314 1,157,224 390,102 9,626,696 8,547,042 3,773,291 7,267,703 11,988,715 29,861,939 17,422,975 37,406,777 23,254,015 44,278,501 34,738,677 49,447,758 16,163,640 15,490,127 376,567 16,030,433 4,489,584 7,142,615 9,905,585 19,084,603 6,662,555 27,216,347 359,739 1,055,341 8,979,354 432,628 4,197,324 2,292,355 255 0 1988 Rank 35 21 40 13 7 11 44 38 43 24 52 26 1 6 45 14 39 33 16 27 29 8 41 48 25 23 36 28 22 9 15 3 10 4 5 2 17 20 51 19 31 30 32 18 37 12 49 46 34 50 42 47 53 54 1995 Rank 44 32 43 24 15 23 49 40 48 26 52 30 5 8 47 17 38 37 18 28 33 9 41 50 21 20 36 27 19 6 13 2 11 3 4 1 12 16 51 14 31 25 29 10 34 7 46 42 22 45 35 39 53 54 1996 Rank 43 33 44 26 12 23 46 40 45 29 52 31 5 8 48 15 39 37 18 24 32 17 41 49 21 25 36 27 19 6 11 3 9 2 4 1 13 16 50 14 34 28 20 10 30 7 51 42 22 47 35 38 53 54 1988- 1990 Percent -42.7 -36.6 -23.7 -40.0 -34.1 -4.8 -16.0 -47.8 -56.4 -21.1 -25.3 -38.7 -21.6 -13.9 -38.7 -22.3 -32.4 -6.5 -16.5 -13.0 -3.7 -18.5 -31.0 -6.7 -12.6 -21.5 308.4 -34.3 -23.0 -12.0 -16.6 -3.6 -17.3 -23.5 -15.6 -18.3 -7.7 -4.1 2.8 -20.0 1.3 -15.2 -25.0 -11.6 25.0 -4.4 26.6 16.5 20.9 0.7 35.4 10.2 1990- 1995 Percent -77.0 -63.9 -70.0 -60.9 -64.1 -75.0 -67.5 -47.5 -26.5 -58.9 -55.5 -43.4 -53.8 -55.3 -37.0 -50.1 -42.6 -58.3 -52.2 -53.7 -57.2 -49.0 -38.6 -54.3 -50.1 -44.3 -89.3 -31.6 -38.1 -45.2 -41.5 -48.9 -40.3 -34.8 -40.1 -36.8 -41.8 -43.9 -47.3 -29.8 -41.2 -28.3 -17.2 -21.4 -44.1 -25.1 -37.8 -25.6 -15.1 9.3 16.7 69.8 1995- 1996 Percent -17.5 -17.3 -27.1 -18.9 -3.8 -12.7 -7.2 -7.1 0.6 -20.5 -15.2 -14.0 -12.0 -6.9 -35.7 -0.6 -24.6 -11.1 -2.2 6.9 -9.9 -45.1 -32.6 -4.0 -7.8 -27.0 -8.0 -13.3 -7.7 -3.4 -9.4 -18.8 3.0 -3.8 -10.0 -5.2 -19.1 -6.2 2.1 -10.6 -36.3 -17.4 37.2 -15.9 7.4 -9.8 -47.0 -25.5 -11.4 -46.0 -8.5 17.0 0.0 1988- 1995 Percent -86.8 -77.1 -77.1 -76.6 -76.3 -76.2 -72.7 -72.6 -67.9 -67.6 -66.8 -65.3 -63.8 -61.5 -61.4 -61.3 -61.2 -61.0 -60.1 -59.7 -58.8 -58.4 -57.6 -57.4 -56.3 -56.3 -56.1 -55.0 -52.3 -51.7 -51.3 -50.7 -50.6 -50.2 -49.5 -48.4 -46.3 -46.2 -45.8 -43.8 -40.4 -39.2 -37.9 -30.5 -30.1 -28.4 -21.2 -13.3 2.6 10.1 57.9 87.2 Total 748,431,103 672,315,782 600,608,423 -15.4 -46.9 -10.7 -55.1 Note: Does not include amounts for transfers to recycling and energy recovery reported for 1991 -1996. 21 ------- j 33/50 Program: The Final Record Table 6. Total Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals, by Participant Status, by State, 1988, 1990, 1995, 1996 Facilities Belonging to Participating Companies State Alabama Alaska American Samoa Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Puerto Rico Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virgin Islands Virginia V\feshington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming Facilities Number 130 4 0 64 101 512 56 143 27 0 124 206 6 10 380 316 103 56 132 113 29 72 127 348 140 100 152 5 31 9 49 212 13 229 294 7 564 68 83 395 60 26 149 10 202 385 41 13 1 143 103 47 236 4 1988 Pounds 25,587,729 225,440 0 7,050,550 9,219,303 37,802,128 4,992,901 16,721,756 3,511,407 0 11,534,240 23,973,134 390,107 970,200 38,684,120 60,081,405 18,110,898 14,066,387 18,592,864 23,193,308 4,073,960 7,484,751 12,240,805 54,756,186 35,337,853 16,146,387 31,003,201 2,702,984 9,148,662 124,214 5,565,036 24,955,510 448,514 49,305,586 36,680,755 476,952 62,810,686 16,447,443 6,232,622 61,804,587 8,842,030 1 ,469,957 18,085,094 1 ,074,960 16,777,047 64,115,483 5,605,503 462,716 1 ,876,864 23,337,908 12,556,289 10,740,939 16,464,494 676,595 1990 Pounds 22,516,857 247,490 0 5,678,138 6,602,636 26,037,244 2,313,675 10,380,616 2,299,082 0 4,632,263 18,226,264 290,876 1,031,190 31,106,928 46,184,979 13,801,505 12,042,058 14,002,102 18,295,228 2,546,170 6,044,807 8,152,296 42,483,727 32,407,085 12,287,041 24,917,673 3,698,048 8,656,347 296,176 2,459,785 12,856,516 353,682 29,346,401 32,387,896 624,640 45,970,821 9,262,906 5,348,975 40,339,811 9,917,605 738,468 16,567,747 1,211,790 15,949,346 51,424,789 36,973,232 340,678 1,576,047 18,833,844 11,796,597 8,798,655 12,886,980 259,872 1995 Pounds 11,126,048 156,739 0 4,859,628 3,252,636 15,546,207 1 ,050,478 3,104,543 1,520,461 0 3,347,589 8,299,927 129,454 1,368,693 11,268,113 21 ,054,506 5,548,493 3,718,476 8,814,862 10,442,152 615,216 2,138,326 3,579,883 25,243,714 5,846,221 7,895,973 12,559,906 4,215,592 4,210,698 90,018 649,056 3,439,802 83,843 8,780,907 17,746,024 397,717 19,935,418 3,872,129 2,536,393 19,659,944 9,047,116 284,261 8,141,453 551 ,996 7,102,398 25,921,980 3,096,905 144,343 511,850 8,268,081 4,838,191 5,873,051 5,513,135 128,832 1996 Pounds 8,050,679 172,003 0 6,466,583 2,979,685 6,647,765 808,599 2,678,030 994,981 0 3,040,975 7,902,395 109,995 1,590,865 8,827,064 17,073,181 3,433,601 4,325,332 6,347,813 9,565,560 562,731 2,297,196 3,376,848 22,752,597 5,305,102 8,374,618 14,151,085 3,947,611 2,521 ,047 64,609 517,944 3,061,843 68,007 8,764,904 17,361,221 211,952 17,510,554 3,273,899 2,559,054 25,379,776 7,862,229 201 ,779 8,070,532 510,129 6,504,942 23,083,299 2,024,139 55,069 475,063 6,807,387 4,185,047 5,187,391 4,398,942 135,475 Total 6,830 934,540,450 743,405,584 337,529,377 302,579,127 22 ------- 33/50 Program: The Final Record Table 6. Facilities Belonging to Non-Participating Companies State Alabama Alaska American Samoa Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Puerto Rico Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virgin Islands Virginia Washington West Virginia Wsconsin Wyoming Facilities Number 295 7 1 142 219 1,197 116 313 25 2 279 365 5 23 907 726 211 189 262 128 60 107 462 607 280 200 397 15 99 29 97 503 23 606 533 21 1,031 203 125 825 73 169 273 45 421 764 96 28 0 273 168 77 573 20 1988 Pounds 11,620,656 455,115 0 4,567,512 14,688,690 28,617,818 1,695,965 12,135,464 542,600 0 7,092,704 16,345,110 250 76,702 35,683,564 33,409,423 8,676,320 5,930,566 13,311,182 4,071,342 1,984,620 2,701 ,657 13,779,531 21,597,387 7,170,232 16,506,417 14,706,271 202,162 2,678,058 603,905 3,847,666 16,002,759 1,449,896 23,595,621 27,369,586 385,123 40,184,225 4,226,330 2,639,556 30,530,441 1 ,037,265 4,841,836 12,617,392 558,478 25,358,258 36,930,947 3,743,135 1,223,199 0 16,146,641 2,732,955 3,486,118 21,551,735 277,345 1990 Pounds 11,824,786 452,074 0 3,040,103 14,299,288 28,105,241 1,179,042 7,929,033 497,712 0 7,613,335 13,108,568 905 122,495 32,888,353 43,949,849 7,221,244 5,356,935 11,528,943 2,690,393 2,077,674 3,483,604 12,380,386 21,965,494 8,056,767 16,566,269 12,883,054 234,245 3,318,916 436,804 2,937,994 11,698,508 474,796 18,682,230 23,995,534 467,108 34,741,015 3,418,714 5,741 ,320 30,256,955 2,026,166 3,531,290 12,879,548 691,139 24,318,337 31,122,126 1 ,204,445 692,949 0 14,077,438 2,934,144 3,272,842 18,850,464 629,753 1995 Pounds 8,863,847 212,151 0 2,359,588 7,187,201 12,059,331 783,256 3,508,002 196,554 255 5,030,620 7,322,925 255 590,835 17,357,921 25,012,591 6,165,695 4,343,310 9,114,788 2,552,163 773,741 1,830,299 4,849,899 13,349,738 4,254,386 14,783,339 10,013,396 371,451 2,833,667 711,292 594,544 6,158,720 525,201 8,477,907 13,166,408 281 ,382 17,372,219 3,305,694 3,665,057 26,357,729 1,089,781 2,164,746 8,374,108 863,804 23,055,174 26,256,059 1 ,002,840 507,251 0 10,970,973 1 ,465,627 2,777,215 9,644,140 277,330 1996 Pounds 8,112,961 204,564 0 3,439,002 6,647,011 8,515,549 895,232 2,792,253 162,243 255 4,226,728 7,634,007 5 701,490 17,828,450 20,333,596 5,113,441 4,288,920 9,682,620 2,423,155 449,602 1 ,231 ,473 3,323,650 11,986,080 3,508,493 10,709,985 9,102,930 249,713 1,968,537 368,019 508,336 4,726,587 544,563 7,840,034 12,500,718 147,787 15,302,316 2,899,464 4,103,501 18,898,725 1,117,125 1,644,351 7,419,595 545,212 20,711,405 26,364,459 1,749,152 363,698 0 10,615,588 1,494,794 1,955,224 10,422,071 254,627 1988 Pounds from Participants Percent 68.8 33.1 60.7 38.6 56.9 74.6 57.9 86.6 61.9 59.5 99.9 92.7 52.0 64.3 67.6 70.3 58.3 85.1 67.2 73.5 47.0 71.7 83.1 49.4 67.8 93.0 77.4 17.1 59.1 60.9 23.6 67.6 57.3 55.3 61.0 79.6 70.2 66.9 89.5 23.3 58.9 65.8 39.8 63.5 60.0 27.4 100.0 59.1 82.1 75.5 43.3 70.9 Total 14,615 561,587,730 521,856,327 334,786,405 298,029,296 62.5 Note: Does not include amounts for transfers to recycling and energy recovery reported for 1991 -1996. 23 ------- j 33/50 Program: The Final Record a Table 7. Total Production-related Waste, 33/50 Program Chemicals vs. Other TRI Chemicals, 1991-1998 TRI Chemicals 33/50 All TRI Less 33/50 Chemicals Year Chemicals Chemicals Only Pounds Pounds Pounds 1991 18,645,217,377 13,044,269,170 5,600,948,207 1995 18,768,661,434 13,268,464,615 5,500,196,819 1996 19,008,796,205 13,514,531,811 5,494,264,394 1998* 19,215,767,729 13,907,991,236 5,307,776,493 Percent Change Percent Change Percent Change 1991-1995 0.7 1.7 -1.8 1995-1996 1.3 1.9 -0.1 1996-1998* 1.1 2.9 -3.4 1991-1998* 3.1 6.6 -5.2 * Projected amounts. Note: Data for 1991-1995 from Form R of that year, data for 1996-1998 from 1996 Form R. Does not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1994 and 1995, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfuric acid. 33/50 Program Chemicals to 1995, while amounts reported for other TRI in WastG chemicals increased nearly 2%. As production- related waste of 33/50 chemicals decreased by In contrast to the trend for TRI as a whole, more than 100 million pounds, production-related facilities reported decreasing amounts of 33/50 waste of other TRI chemicals grew by 224 million chemicals in production-related waste since 1991. pounds. (Box 3 explains the production-related As shown in Table 7, production-related waste of waste data added to TRI in 1991.) 33/50 chemicals decreased nearly 2% from 1991 Box 3. Production-related Waste Data: A Larger View Although the 33/50 Program measured only the original TRI release and transfer types, other TRI data collected in more recent years offers an expanded view of facilities' handling of the 33/50 chemicals. The federal Pollution Prevention Act of 1990 made mandatory the reporting of amounts of TRI chemicals: recycled on- or off-site combusted for energy recovery on- or off-site treated on- or off-site released on-site or sent off-site for disposal. Reporting of these data began with the 1991 reporting year. Taken together, these data are referred to as production-related waste. (Facilities report separately any releases arising from one-time events such as clean-up activities or accidents, referred to as non-production-related waste data.) Each year, facilities report production-related waste data for the prior year and current year, along with projections for the next two years. This report uses the current year data from TRI forms submitted for each year from 1991 to 1996, along with the projected data for 1997 and 1998 from the 1996 reporting forms. 24 ------- 33/50 Program: The Final Record This diverging trend continued in 1996, and facilities projected even greater disparity in their expectations for managing smaller amounts of 33/50 chemicals and larger amounts of other TRI chemicals in production-related waste in the near future, as shown in Table 7 and Figure 13. Production-related Waste by Chemical Despite the trend for 33/50 chemicals overall, facilities reported increasing production-related waste from 1991 to 1995 for half of these chemicals. Tables 8 through 12 present production-related waste data by waste manage- ment method for each of the 33/50 Program chemicals. Figure 14 illustrates total production- related waste by chemical. As with releases and transfers, the 33/50 chemical with the largest production-related waste was toluene, mostly recycled on site. Facilities reported 1.341 billion pounds of production- related waste for toluene in 1991, increasing to 1.702 billion pounds in 1995. The increase continued in 1996, to 1.816 billion pounds, and facilities projected a total of 1.838 billion pounds in 1998. (See Table 12.) This and other increases were offset by sizable decreases from 1991 to 1995 in production-related waste of a few 33/50 chemicals. The largest reduction occurred in reporting for the ozone depleter 1,1,1-trichloroethane (TCA), again reflecting the influence of U.S. action to implement the Montreal Protocol. Facilities reported 324 million pounds of TCA in production-related waste in 1991 (about 40% in recycled on-site and about 40% released on- and off-site). This total dropped to 94 million pounds Figure 13. Percent Change in Total Production-Related Waste, 33/50 Chemicals vs. Other TRI Chemicals, 1991-1998 Percent 4 3 - 2 - -3 - -4 1991-1995 D1995-1996 D 1996-1998 Projected 33/50 Chemicals All Other TRI Chemicals Note: Data for 1991-1995 from Form R of that year, data for 1996-1998 from 1996 Form R. Does not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1994 and 1995, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfuric acid. in 1995 and 53 million pounds in 1995. By 1998, facilities expect to report 17 million pounds of this chemical in production-related waste. As shown in Figure 15, the 33/50 chemicals have varied considerably in the rate and direction of changes in production-related waste from 1991 through 1996 and projected to 1998. As with releases and transfers, organic chemicals have more consistently decreased in production-related waste than the inorganics. 25 ------- j 33/50 Program: The Final Record a Table 8. Quantity of 33/50 Program Chemicals Recycled On- and Off-site, by Chemical, 1991, 1995-1998 CAS Number Chemical Recycled On-site 71-43-2 Benzene 56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride 67-66-3 Chloroform 75-09-2 Dichloromethane 78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone 108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl ketone 127-18-4 Tetrachloroethylene 108-88-3 Toluene 71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloroethane 79-01-6 Trichloroethylene Xylenes Cadmium and cadmium compounds Chromium and chromium compounds Cyanide compounds Lead and compounds Mercury and mercury compounds Nickel and nickel compounds Subtotal for 33/50 Chemicals Subtotal for All Other TRI Chemicals Subtotal for All TRI Chemicals Recycled Off-site 71-43-2 Benzene 56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride 67-66-3 Chloroform 75-09-2 Dichloromethane 78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone 108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl ketone 127-18-4 Tetrachloroethylene 108-88-3 Toluene 71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloroethane 79-01-6 Trichloroethylene Xylenes Cadmium and cadmium compounds Chromium and chromium compounds Cyanide compounds Lead and compounds Mercury and mercury compounds Nickel and nickel compounds Subtotal for 33/50 Chemicals Subtotal for All Other TRI Chemicals Subtotal for All TRI Chemicals Total for 33/50 Chemicals Total for All Other TRI Chemicals Total for All TRI Chemicals Projected Data 1991 Pounds 40,330,807 10,538,966 5,707,901 79,744,431 157,056,504 69,883,266 121,486,620 614,412,320 128,353,853 255,176,917 203,117,828 3,870,784 74,453,545 3,815,457 743,863,516 1,283,428 50,378,431 2,563,474,574 3,656,356,083 6,219,830,657 1,415,909 390,538 2,078,744 26,612,121 26,245,363 17,975,240 9,421,466 25,264,073 29,756,436 7,453,699 33,627,166 2,050,253 94,675,192 38,243 278,777,579 491,812 81,710,636 637,984,470 1,116,878,378 1 ,754,862,848 3,201,459,044 4,773,234,461 7,974,693,505 1995 Pounds 57,794,042 1 ,677,422 5,138,816 84,922,346 66,080,000 52,704,238 46,322,863 1,006,140,873 60,014,479 154,222,220 137,590,818 9,692,805 66,541,960 737,110 713,073,994 1,045,196 52,171,803 2,515,870,985 3,695,175,088 6,211,046,073 427,633 365,067 175,713 14,094,216 20,953,510 16,350,554 6,796,693 25,011,874 3,739,900 8,475,369 42,888,789 1,941,512 138,006,965 32,526 359,686,596 58,151 111,492,001 750,497,069 1,492,162,908 2,242,659,977 3,266,368,054 5,187,337,996 8,453,706,050 1996 Pounds 61,704,353 2,073,632 6,039,162 112,064,937 61,050,421 52,337,198 46,710,867 968,269,305 39,529,212 118,520,604 112,453,216 8,335,956 55,956,018 661,943 605,496,338 850,230 42,663,278 2,294,716,670 3,969,154,398 6,263,871,068 532,733 128,701 668,648 12,561,331 20,448,105 13,920,201 5,901,536 26,647,879 1,414,057 6,744,146 45,512,452 1,174,817 118,924,293 29,182 353,752,318 25,898 114,466,306 722,852,603 1,451,726,146 2,174,578,749 3,017,569,273 5,420,880,544 8,438,449,817 1997 Pounds 60,669,170 1 ,906,402 6,324,285 108,116,051 62,060,403 66,360,080 44,226,877 1,010,078,968 32,595,781 111,445,314 112,468,009 2,769,575 55,141,819 553,789 579,257,877 984,310 44,019,558 2,298,978,268 4,856,984,825 7,155,963,093 434,805 127,700 632,065 11,947,287 17,929,007 13,752,220 5,289,898 20,982,633 758,954 5,621,934 40,638,953 1,065,631 115,349,347 23,800 325,718,298 60,400 111,414,242 671,747,174 1,414,387,196 2,086,134,370 2,970,725,442 6,271,372,021 9,242,097,463 1998 Pounds 60,705,707 1,656,402 6,333,285 107,249,228 63,012,731 66,296,709 40,156,779 1,017,604,101 12,330,942 109,703,403 110,920,850 2,711,545 55,170,745 494,347 560,059,222 972,648 44,118,066 2,259,496,710 4,271,562,406 6,531,059,116 332,958 102,800 632,050 12,413,405 17,599,017 13,537,873 4,997,898 20,973,822 399,018 5,105,993 39,300,017 1,066,186 117,203,774 23,516 328,077,352 59,600 112,554,268 674,379,547 1,440,468,630 2,114,848,177 2,933,876,257 5,712,031,036 8,645,907,293 Note: Data for 1991 and 1995 reported on Form R of year indicated; data for 1996-1998 from 1996 Form R. Does not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1994 and 1995, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfuric acid. 26 ------- 33/50 Program: The Final Record Table 9. CAS Number Quantity of 33/50 Program Chemicals Used for Energy Recovery On- and Off-site, by Chemical, 1991, 1995-1998 Projected Data Chemical 1991 Pounds 1995 Pounds 1996 Pounds 1997 Pounds 1998 Pounds Energy Recovery On-site 71 -43-2 56-23-5 67-66-3 75-09-2 78-93-3 108-10-1 127-18-4 108-88-3 71 -55-6 79-01-6 Benzene Carbon tetrachloride Chloroform Dichloromethane Methyl ethyl ketone Methyl isobutyl ketone Tetrachloroethylene Toluene 1 ,1 ,1-Trichloroethane Trichloroethylene Xylenes Cadmium and cadmium compounds Chromium and chromium compounds Cyanide compounds Lead and compounds Mercury and mercury compounds Nickel and nickel compounds Subtotal for 33/50 Chemicals Subtotal for All Other TRI Chemicals Subtotal for All TRI Chemicals 33,630,440 5,964,156 5,499,527 14,270,049 94,696,111 37,048,558 4,023,584 255,726,051 14,001,816 6,188,130 216,300,956 0 0 22,338,436 102,675 0 0 709,790,489 2,249,269,143 2,959,059,632 20,222,877 317,149 17,187,219 5,240,223 112,447,288 26,719,664 8,622,647 214,676,316 3,487,698 2,514,155 163,671,511 29,191 9,825,558 33,160,239 49,836 0 127 618,171,698 2,082,581,986 2,700,753,684 15,645,404 1,050,017 8,887,218 5,598,974 92,654,090 20,171,448 2,647,705 187,671,839 860,823 2,050,829 161,504,489 0 61,449 33,967,968 89,267 0 54,474 532,915,994 2,072,635,394 2,605,551,388 14,900,183 984,200 10,348,865 5,727,238 84,570,755 20,274,081 2,018,984 179,785,581 900,020 1 ,705,000 163,053,277 0 56,204 32,973,988 90,000 0 53,173 517,441,549 2,169,524,725 2,686,966,274 17,402,508 984,200 10,361,909 6,013,446 86,690,561 20,941,125 2,063,958 188,772,650 906,370 1,705,000 165,697,632 0 56,204 30,725,876 90,000 0 53,173 532,464,612 2,145,338,150 2,677,802,762 Energy Recovery Off -site 71 -43-2 56-23-5 67-66-3 75-09-2 78-93-3 108-10-1 127-18-4 1 08-88-3 71 -55-6 79-01 -6 Benzene Carbon tetrachloride Chloroform Dichloromethane Methyl ethyl ketone Methyl isobutyl ketone Tetrachloroethylene Toluene 1 ,1 ,1-Trichloroethane Trichloroethylene Xylenes Cadmium and cadmium compounds Chromium and chromium compounds Cyanide compounds Lead and compounds Mercury and mercury compounds Nickel and nickel compounds Subtotal for 33/50 Chemicals Subtotal for All Other TRI Chemicals Subtotal for All TRI Chemicals Total for 33/50 Chemicals Total for All Other TRI Chemicals Total for All TRI Chemicals 4,933,970 10,849 719,071 6,176,317 38,806,756 19,385,339 1,519,555 87,521 ,529 3,995,994 963,407 78,521,892 8,337 133,971 24 62,936 3,241 4,449 242,767,637 201,259,315 444,026,952 952,558,126 2,450,528,458 3,403,086,584 1 ,580,039 50,068 103,558 3,388,830 43,615,637 18,118,398 779,833 78,500,570 1,037,361 1,101,615 72,369,412 1,715 120,479 3,593 70,272 61 3,576 220,845,017 257,430,339 478,275,356 839,016,715 2,340,012,325 3,179,029,040 2,204,652 31,331 188,162 3,435,212 41,818,751 18,430,551 780,979 93,076,963 348,248 818,502 82,015,919 1,613 91,445 353 76,326 41 31,419 243,350,467 241,641,168 484,991 ,635 776,266,461 2,314,276,562 3,090,543,023 2,155,878 22,915 103,146 3,336,805 37,560,664 16,747,761 536,438 84,555,907 157,016 528,294 74,630,015 0 68,478 320 73,717 37 32,263 220,509,654 219,879,822 440,389,476 737,951 ,203 2,389,404,547 3,127,355,750 1 ,964,893 22,916 106,586 3,135,038 35,963,472 15,772,446 566,786 85,514,070 70,324 433,056 74,841,761 0 72,183 320 72,060 33 31,916 218,567,860 219,082,411 437,650,271 751 ,032,472 2,364,420,561 3,115,453,033 Note: Data for 1991 and 1995 reported on Form R of year indicated; data for 1996-1998 from 1996 Form R. Does not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1994 and 1995, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfuric acid. 27 ------- j 33/50 Program: The Final Record a Table 10. Quantity of 33/50 Program Chemicals Treated On- and Off-site, by Chemical, 1991, 1995-1998 CAS Number Chemical Treated On-site 71-43-2 Benzene 56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride 67-66-3 Chloroform 75-09-2 Dichloromethane 78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone 108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl ketone 127-18-4 Tetrachloroethylene 108-88-3 Toluene 71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloroethane 79-01-6 Trichloroethylene Xylenes Cadmium and cadmium compounds Chromium and chromium compounds Cyanide compounds Lead and compounds Mercury and mercury compounds Nickel and nickel compounds Subtotal for 33/50 Chemicals Subtotal for All Other TRI Chemicals Subtotal for All TRI Chemicals Treated Off-site 71-43-2 Benzene 56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride 67-66-3 Chloroform 75-09-2 Dichloromethane 78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone 108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl ketone 127-18-4 Tetrachloroethylene 108-88-3 Toluene 71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloroethane 79-01-6 Trichloroethylene Xylenes Cadmium and cadmium compounds Chromium and chromium compounds Cyanide compounds Lead and compounds Mercury and mercury compounds Nickel and nickel compounds Subtotal for 33/50 Chemicals Subtotal for All Other TRI Chemicals Subtotal for All TRI Chemicals Total for 33/50 Chemicals Total for All Other TRI Chemicals Total for All TRI Chemicals Projected Data 1991 Pounds 32,067,226 15,122,884 24,839,106 33,978,595 58,058,042 12,147,639 14,684,082 134,144,622 3,211,986 4,886,629 51,584,079 712,235 35,046,595 17,222,170 42,264,660 35,755 2,576,531 482,582,836 3,874,586,668 4,357,169,504 2,168,142 840,947 2,086,756 11,123,271 8,547,414 2,620,175 3,352,387 15,560,453 5,521,652 2,602,508 11,722,189 337,522 5,066,706 486,712 5,435,977 65,832 2,460,236 79,998,879 356,542,529 436,541 ,408 562,581,715 4,231,129,197 4,793,710,912 1995 Pounds 55,735,616 52,783,870 17,351,138 25,514,607 69,359,019 17,795,698 26,279,022 214,503,254 1,108,250 5,218,927 87,865,970 178,286 94,612,244 34,246,658 30,625,916 6,307 7,173,959 740,358,741 4,125,157,946 4,865,516,687 1 ,974,730 730,882 2,061,635 11,801,587 6,341,958 1,902,631 2,285,968 19,526,266 1,340,192 2,305,131 10,888,289 194,096 5,171,667 723,846 9,294,201 15,526 2,340,992 78,899,597 323,923,649 402,823,246 819,258,338 4,449,081,595 5,268,339,933 1996 Pounds 64,991,646 41,816,616 13,453,310 23,207,510 68,944,661 13,243,777 20,674,831 395,302,542 1,184,611 5,358,265 410,547,756 136,455 5,735,179 38,289,394 3,753,868 4,115 3,716,271 1,110,360,807 4,165,747,759 5,276,108,566 2,368,827 498,915 2,780,057 12,605,351 5,660,666 1,741,856 1 ,569,624 19,431,352 958,429 1 ,725,639 10,323,599 116,095 4,668,019 604,489 9,551,127 11,428 2,987,341 77,602,814 306,010,840 383,613,654 1,187,963,621 4,471,758,599 5,659,722,220 1997 Pounds 59,577,676 42,205,121 14,001,864 24,684,390 69,976,106 13,806,925 20,082,270 394,189,641 828,183 4,626,880 409,625,802 96,976 5,966,385 40,477,384 4,278,198 4,249 3,471,838 1,107,899,888 4,152,974,633 5,260,874,521 1 ,850,652 501 ,246 1,613,348 12,083,445 5,221,744 1 ,420,446 1 ,466,346 14,810,561 742,707 1,316,901 8,688,379 99,008 4,326,599 619,243 6,249,640 4,651 2,756,380 63,771,296 315,556,643 379,327,939 1,171,671,184 4,468,531,276 5,640,202,460 1998 Pounds 59,116,134 42,238,453 14,090,384 29,582,174 72,541 ,960 13,647,578 20,070,085 397,061,193 831 ,233 4,627,406 409,558,080 97,244 7,026,481 40,633,006 5,008,415 4,249 3,475,021 1,119,609,096 4,289,446,442 5,409,055,538 1 ,975,873 479,652 1,575,925 11,743,246 5,252,409 1 ,346,827 1,417,591 15,641,224 644,708 1,145,582 8,272,873 97,759 4,185,019 469,723 5,600,405 4,489 2,798,618 62,651,923 312,158,199 374,810,122 1,182,261,019 4,601,604,641 5,783,865,660 Note: Data for 1991 and 1995 reported on Form R of year indicated; data for 1996-1998 from 1996 Form R. Does not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1994 and 1995, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfuric acid. 28 ------- 33/50 Program: The Final Record Table 11. Quantity of 33/50 Program Chemicals Released On- and Off-site, by Chemical, 1991, 1995-1998 CAS Number 71 -43-2 56-23-5 67-66-3 75-09-2 78-93-3 108-10-1 127-18-4 1 08-88-3 71 -55-6 79-01 -6 Projected Data Chemical Benzene Carbon tetrachloride Chloroform Dichloromethane Methyl ethyl ketone Methyl isobutyl ketone Tetrachloroethylene Toluene 1,1,1-Trichloroethane Trichloroethylene Xylenes Cadmium and cadmium compounds Chromium and chromium compounds Cyanide compounds Lead and compounds Mercury and mercury compounds Nickel and nickel compounds Total for 33/50 Chemicals Total for All Other TRI Chemicals Total for All TRI Chemicals 1991 Pounds 19,159,539 1,651,819 19,936,188 79,908,700 106,528,325 28,871,798 16,780,980 208,062,592 139,346,666 35,269,942 130,062,885 1,553,222 42,033,493 7,146,331 36,432,035 103,049 11,501,758 884,349,322 1 ,589,377,054 2,473,726,376 1995 Pounds 10,082,333 436,696 10,608,511 59,293,156 70,044,998 22,514,059 9,532,831 143,601,866 22,881 ,795 25,748,239 104,478,046 2,074,375 43,949,895 8,824,676 30,652,707 43,618 10,785,911 575,553,712 1,292,032,699 1,867,586,411 1996 Pounds 8,663,103 391,948 9,639,525 54,217,625 60,360,784 19,396,559 7,684,495 125,826,351 8,629,523 21,684,499 93,376,563 1 ,535,526 44,836,785 7,393,041 35,691,638 47,937 13,089,137 512,465,039 1,307,616,106 1,820,081,145 1997 Pounds 7,943,851 392,086 9,221,731 45,862,340 55,412,117 17,733,383 5,572,755 119,221,350 4,523,356 16,342,966 88,407,931 1,664,818 44,168,722 6,128,054 37,342,858 47,195 12,452,649 472,438,162 1,291,446,766 1 ,763,884,928 1998 Pounds 7,481,050 379,392 8,904,686 36,112,126 51,940,941 16,766,594 4,814,403 112,471,568 1 ,808,565 12,671,660 86,685,907 1,571,133 44,367,894 5,893,849 36,130,177 46,787 12,560,013 440,606,745 1 ,229,934,998 1,670,541,743 Note: Data for 1991 and 1995 reported on Form R of year indicated; data for 1996-1998 from 1996 Form R. Does not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1994 and 1995, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfuric acid. Table 12. Quantity of 33/50 Program Chemicals in Production-related Waste, by Chemical, 1991, 1995-1998 CAS Number 71 -43-2 56-23-5 67-66-3 75-09-2 78-93-3 108-10-1 127-18-4 108-88-3 71 -55-6 79-01 -6 Projected Data Chemical Benzene Carbon tetrachloride Chloroform Dichloromethane Methyl ethyl ketone Methyl isobutyl ketone Tetrachloroethylene Toluene 1,1,1-Trichloroethane Trichloroethylene Xylenes Cadmium and cadmium compounds Chromium and chromium compounds Cyanide compounds Lead and compounds Mercury and mercury compounds Nickel and nickel compounds 1991 Pounds 133,706,033 34,520,159 60,867,293 251,813,484 489,938,515 187,932,015 171,268,674 1,340,691,640 324,188,403 312,541,232 724,936,995 8,532,353 251 ,409,502 51,047,373 1,106,939,378 1,983,117 148,632,041 1995 Pounds 147,817,270 56,361,154 52,626,590 204,254,965 388,842,410 156,105,242 100,619,857 1,701,961,019 93,609,675 199,585,656 619,752,835 14,111,980 358,228,768 77,728,648 1,143,453,522 1,168,859 183,968,369 1996 Pounds 156,110,718 45,991,160 41,656,082 223,690,940 350,937,478 139,241,590 85,970,037 1,816,226,231 52,924,903 156,902,484 915,733,994 11,300,462 230,273,188 80,946,370 1,008,410,882 939,649 177,008,226 1997 Pounds 147,532,215 46,139,670 42,245,304 211,757,556 332,730,796 150,094,896 79,193,568 1,823,624,641 40,506,017 141,587,289 897,512,366 5,696,008 225,077,554 80,776,578 953,010,588 1,100,842 174,200,103 1998 Pounds 148,979,123 45,863,815 42,004,825 206,248,663 333,001,091 148,309,152 74,087,500 1 ,838,038,628 16,991,160 135,392,100 895,277,120 5,543,867 228,082,300 78,240,637 935,037,631 1 ,087,806 175,591,075 Total for 33/50 Chemicals Total for All Other TRI Chemicals Total for All TRI Chemicals 5,600,948,207 5,500,196,819 5,494,264,394 5,352,785,991 5,307,776,493 13,044,269,170 13,268,464,615 13,514,531,811 14,420,754,610 13,907,991,236 18,645,217,377 18,768,661,434 19,008,796,205 19,773,540,601 19,215,767,729 Note: Data for 1991 and 1995 reported on Form R of year indicated; data for 1996-1998 from 1996 Form R. Does not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1994 and 1995, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfuric acid. 29 ------- j 33/50 Program: The Final Record a Figure 14. Total Production-related Waste of 33/50 Program Chemicals, by Chemical, Actual and Projected, 1991, 1995-1998 Benzene Carbon tetrachloride Chloroform Dichloromethane Methyl ethyl ketone Methyl isobutyl ketone Tetrachloroethylene Toluene 1,1,1-Trichloroethane Trichloroethylene Xylenes Cadmium and cadmium compounds Chromium and chromium compounds Cyanide compounds Lead and lead compounds Mercury and mercury compounds Nickel and nickel compounds r 1991 1995 1996 1997 Projected 1998 Projected 0 250 500 750 1,000 1,250 1,500 1,750 2,000 Millions of Pounds 30 ------- 33/50 Program: The Final Record Figure 15. Percent Change in Production-related Waste of 33/50 Program Chemicals, by Chemical, Actual and Projected, 1991-1998 Benzene Carbon tetrachloride Chloroform Dichloromethane Methyl ethyl ketone Methyl isobutyl ketone Tetrachloroethylene Toluene 1,1,1-Trichloroethane Trichloroethylene Xylenes Cadmium and cadmium compounds Chromium and chromium compounds Cyanide compounds Lead and lead compounds Mercury and mercury compounds Nickel and nickel compounds -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 Percent 1991-1995 (Actual) 1995-1996 (Actual) 1996-1998 (Projected) 31 ------- j 33/50 Program: The Final Record Production-related Waste by Management Method From 1991 to 1995, facilities cut their releases on- and off-site of 33/50 chemicals from 884 million pounds to 576 million pounds (see Table 11). This was the largest reduction (309 million pounds) among the waste management options comprised by production-related waste. Reducing releases also represents the most environmentally desirable option, as established in the waste management hierarchy (Box 4). Combustion of 33/50 chemicals for energy recovery on- and off-site decreased by 114 million pounds over the 1991-to-1995 period. Although on-site recycling also decreased, this change was more than offset by a substantial increase in recycling off-site. Altogether, recycling of 33/50 chemicals increased by 65 million pounds from 1991 to 1995. Facilities also reported larger amounts of treatment of the 33/50 chemicals, an increase of 257 million pounds. Except for recycling, these trends generally continued in 1996 and were expected to extend through 1998, as seen in Tables 8 through 12. Figure 16 illustrates these changes in absolute terms, and Figure 17 illustrates the percentage changes for 1991 through 1998 (projected). The data suggest that facilities accomplished reductions in releases largely by increasing their use of treatment options and that they plan to continue this pattern. Although treating toxic chemicals in waste is preferable to releasing them to the environment, treatment offers less potential environmental benefit than recycling, energy recovery, or prevention. Source Reduction Activity TRI facilities also indicate whether, during the year, they engaged in source reduction activities focused on the chemical they are reporting. Source reduction activities reduce the amount of the chemical entering the waste stream (before any recycling, treatment, or disposal)that is, source reduction reduces pollution by preventing it at the Box 4. Waste Management Hierarchy The federal Pollution Prevention Act of 1990 established source reductionpreventing the generation of toxic chemicals in waste at their sourceas the preferred approach waste management. This national policy also established a hierarchy of options for situations where source reduction is not feasible: For waste that cannot be prevented, recycling is the preferred option. Because combustion of waste for energy recovery shares some aspects with other approaches, EPA added energy recovery to the hierarchy. For waste that cannot be recycled or burned for energy recovery, the next preferred option is treatment. Release or disposal of the chemical is viewed as a last resort, to be employed only when preferred methods cannot be implemented. 32 ------- 33/50 Program: The Final Record Figure 16. Quantities of 33/50 Program Chemicals Managed in Waste, by Management Method, Actual and Projected, 1991,1995-1998 Millions of Pounds 3,000 1991 D1995 D1996 2,500 -| H-] D 1997 Projected D1998 Projected 2,000 - 1,500 - 1,000 - 500 - Recycled Energy Treated Recycled Energy Treated Quantity On-site Recovery On-site Off-site Recovery Off-site Released On-site Off-site On- and Off-site 33 ------- j 33/50 Program: The Final Record a Figure 17. Percent Change in Waste Management Methods, 33/50 Program Chemicals, 1991-1998 1991-1995 D1995-1996 1996-1998 Projected Recycled Energy Treated Recycled Energy Treated On-site Recovery On-site Off-site Recovery Off-site On-site Off-site Quantity Released On- and Off-site source. The 33/50 Program encouraged partici- pants to apply pollution prevention approaches to reducing their releases and transfers of the targeted chemicals. In 1991, the first year of the 33/50 Program, one- third (33%) of all TRI forms for 33/50 chemicals indicated that source reduction activities were underway, compared to less than one-quarter (22%) of forms reporting other TRI chemicals, as shown in Table 13. By 1995 (and again in 1996), both percentages had declined, but 33/50 chemicals continued to demonstrate a consider- able lead over other TRI chemicals for reporting of source reduction activity. Figure 18 illustrates this trend. Forms indicating source reduction activity directed at 33/50 chemicals reported 2.516 billion pounds of production-related waste in 1991 45% of all production-related waste of these chemicals, as shown in Table 14. For other TRI chemicals, forms indicating source reduction activity accounted for 4.248 billion pounds of production-related waste33% of all production- related waste of these chemicals. These amounts and percentages fluctuated through 1996, as illustrated in Figure 19, but in all years forms indicating source reduction activity were associated with a larger percentage of the production-related waste for 33/50 chemicals than for non-33/50 TRI chemicals. 34 ------- 33/50 Program: The Final Record Table 13. Number of Forms Reporting Source Reduction Activity, by 33/50 Program Chemical, 1991-1996 CAS Number Chemical 71-43-2 Benzene 56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride 67-66-3 Chloroform 75-09-2 Dichloromethane 78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone 108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl ketone 127-18-4 Tetrachloroethylene 108-88-3 Toluene 71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloroethane 79-01-6 Trichloroethylene Xylene (mixed isomers) Cadmium and cadmium compounds Chromium and chromium compounds Cyanide compounds Lead and lead compounds Mercury and mercury compounds Nickel and nickel compounds Total for All 33/50 Chemicals Total for All Other TRI Chemicals Total for All TRI Chemicals CAS Number Chemical 71-43-2 Benzene 56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride 67-66-3 Chloroform 75-09-2 Dichloromethane 78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone 108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl ketone 127-18-4 Tetrachloroethylene 108-88-3 Toluene 71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloroethane 79-01-6 Trichloroethylene Xylene (mixed isomers) Cadmium and cadmium compounds Chromium and chromium compounds Cyanide compounds Lead and lead compounds Mercury and mercury compounds Nickel and nickel compounds Forms Reporting Source Reduction Activity 1991 Number 155 29 68 525 976 387 216 1,506 1,619 291 1,373 62 608 95 487 12 387 8,796 9,579 18,375 1991 Percent 31.8 28.4 36.8 40.2 37.5 36.9 37.2 37.8 43.2 39.9 35.7 28.4 19.3 29.9 26.6 21.4 15.8 1992 Number 154 27 62 422 923 363 193 1,459 1,505 248 1,329 65 577 86 445 8 364 8,230 9,216 17,446 Percent of Forms 1992 Percent 32.2 30.0 34.3 36.7 36.5 34.7 36.8 37.8 46.6 36.2 35.6 34.4 18.0 28.9 25.6 20.5 14.6 1993 Number 143 18 54 384 926 342 179 1,395 1,174 289 1,295 65 581 81 432 10 401 7,769 8,984 16,753 that Reported 1993 Percent 30.1 24.0 30.9 35.1 37.1 33.2 36.2 37.7 55.0 36.2 35.3 35.9 17.6 27.1 25.1 28.6 15.3 1994 Number 138 14 41 348 924 361 173 1,358 600 276 1,270 58 559 76 423 9 404 7,032 8,548 15,580 1995* Number 118 11 36 308 843 342 136 1,241 364 268 1,169 46 458 69 349 6 370 6,134 7,371 13,505 1996* Number 111 8 31 307 779 287 122 1,143 192 247 1,074 34 451 55 335 8 365 5,549 6,850 12,399 Source Reduction Activity 1994 Percent 27.9 20.0 24.4 33.0 38.0 34.5 36.8 37.2 48.4 34.6 35.3 36.0 16.9 25.7 24.9 30.0 15.1 1995* Percent 26.5 18.3 23.2 31.9 37.4 34.7 33.3 37.2 48.1 37.2 35.0 33.8 15.5 25.3 22.5 17.6 14.5 1996* Percent 25.3 14.0 20.4 35.2 37.7 32.4 33.3 36.7 52.5 38.4 34.4 27.9 16.1 21.3 22.0 24.2 14.3 Total for All 33/50 Chemicals 33.0 Total for All Other TRI Chemicals 22.6 Total for All TRI Chemicals 26.6 32.3 22.0 25.9 32.0 21.6 25.4 30.3 20.9 24.3 29.3 20.3 23.6 28.6 19.6 22.8 * Excludes Form As for 1995 and 1996, because Form As do not have a section for reporting source reduction activity. Note: Data for 1991-1995 from Form R of that year, data for 1996-1998 from 1996 Form R. Does not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1994 and 1995, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfuric acid. 35 ------- j 33/50 Program: The Final Record a Figure 18. Forms Reporting Source Reduction Activity: Percent of All Forms, 1991-1996 10 - 5 - 33/50 Chemicals Only TRI Chemicals Less 33/50 Chemicals All TRI Chemicals 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995" 1996" * Excludes Form As for 1995 and 1996, because Form As do not have a section for reporting source reduction activity. Note: Data for 1991-1995 from Form R of that year, data for 1996-1998 from 1996 Form R. Does not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1994 and 1995, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfuric acid. 36 ------- Table 14. Total Production-related Waste Associated with Forms Reporting Source Reduction Activity, by 33/50 Program Chemical, 1991-1996 CAS Number 71 -43-2 56-23-5 67-66-3 75-09-2 78-93-3 108-10-1 127-18-4 108-88-3 71 -55-6 79-01 -6 Total Production -related Waste for Forms Reporting Source Reduction Activities Chemical Benzene Carbon tetrachloride Chloroform Dichloromethane Methyl ethyl ketone Methyl isobutyl ketone Tetrachloroethylene Toluene 1,1,1-Trichloroethane Trichloroethylene Xylenes Cadmium and cadmium compounds Chromium and chromium compounds Cyanide compounds Lead and lead compounds Mercury and mercury compounds Nickel and nickel compounds for 33/50 Chemicals All Other TRI Chemicals Total for All TRI Chemicals CAS Number 71 -43-2 56-23-5 67-66-3 75-09-2 78-93-3 108-10-1 127-18-4 108-88-3 71 -55-6 79-01 -6 1991 Pounds 55,541,047 21 ,472,069 14,379,245 125,381,084 198,150,861 73,249,636 80,127,157 668,751 ,080 181,544,908 132,625,293 346,779,530 2,336,581 55,361,196 34,379,686 501,741,814 742,388 23,039,772 2,515,603,347 4,247,584,310 6,763,187,657 1992 Pounds 48,271,156 21 ,904,852 17,802,334 146,975,826 179,106,128 81 ,992,865 63,984,879 569,999,139 156,484,969 198,273,894 249,069,319 4,134,595 34,051,155 37,031,829 570,948,024 682,976 25,060,457 2,405,774,397 3,915,188,235 6,320,962,632 1993 Pounds 50,116,746 2,167,531 16,802,153 84,827,231 186,643,138 59,783,329 66,826,328 1 ,035,456,963 109,806,301 110,470,925 253,667,965 3,947,679 21,977,369 25,815,113 384,110,192 133,614 20,090,582 2,432,643,159 4,409,588,110 6,842,231,269 1994 Pounds 47,226,116 4,949,907 9,816,081 76,938,954 194,537,334 66,228,671 44,448,208 974,682,573 67,176,358 95,133,361 227,559,955 3,950,110 86,757,892 45,709,139 692,328,578 124,565 36,087,151 2,673,654,953 3,693,592,628 6,367,247,581 Percent of All Production-related Chemical Benzene Carbon tetrachloride Chloroform Dichloromethane Methyl ethyl ketone Methyl isobutyl ketone Tetrachloroethylene Toluene 1,1,1-Trichloroethane Trichloroethylene Xylenes Cadmium and cadmium compounds Chromium and chromium compounds Cyanide compounds Lead and lead compounds Mercury and mercury compounds Nickel and nickel compounds 1991 Percent 41.5 62.2 23.6 49.8 40.4 39.0 46.8 49.9 56.0 42.4 47.8 27.4 22.0 67.3 45.3 37.4 15.5 1992 Percent 39.1 56.0 31.7 62.9 48.0 43.6 48.4 47.4 61.3 72.2 40.1 26.0 11.9 70.3 45.0 32.8 16.5 1993 Percent 43.2 8.3 31.6 41.5 47.8 36.1 53.5 59.3 64.4 32.3 37.2 37.8 6.4 49.3 41.0 10.6 12.1 1994 Percent 40.0 26.1 19.4 38.7 50.4 38.4 40.5 59.2 52.9 31.6 34.7 38.8 24.6 60.3 65.2 12.2 18.0 1995 Pounds 42,351 ,596 2,427,702 9,275,483 77,585,595 171,744,564 52,708,128 26,328,679 605,798,496 43,303,528 72,122,475 193,507,016 2,820,850 20,704,574 46,055,297 731,618,678 164,368 25,621 ,938 2,124,138,967 3,125,699,709 5,249,838,676 Waste 1995 Percent 28.7 4.3 17.6 38.0 44.2 33.8 26.2 35.6 46.3 36.1 31.2 20.0 5.8 59.3 64.0 14.1 13.9 1996 Pounds 50,789,543 1,913,230 6,169,203 79,414,777 157,549,155 48,283,173 22,689,926 1,211,230,805 29,233,563 56,105,799 483,583,899 1 ,287,657 30,003,427 44,523,562 642,450,263 620,628 22,325,650 2,888,174,260 3,230,269,425 6,118,443,685 1996 Percent 32.5 4.2 14.8 35.5 44.9 34.7 26.4 66.7 55.2 35.8 52.8 11.4 13.0 55.0 63.7 66.0 12.6 Total for 33/50 Chemicals All Other TRI Chemicals Total for All TRI Chemicals 44.9 32.6 36.3 45.6 30.4 34.8 44.0 34.4 37.3 48.7 26.7 33.0 38.6 23.6 28.0 52.6 23.9 32.2 Note: Data for 1991-1995 from Form R of that year, data for 1996-1998 from 1996 Form R. Does not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1994 and 1995, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfuric acid. 37 ------- j 33/50 Program: The Final Record a Figure 19. Forms Reporting Source Reduction Activity: Percent of All Production-related Waste, 1991-1996 30 20 - 10 - 33/50 Chemicals Only TRI Chemicals Less 33/50 Chemicals All TRI Chemicals 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 Note: Data for 1991-1995 from Form R of that year, data for 1996-1998 from 1996 Form R. Does not include delisted chemicals, chemicals added in 1994 and 1995, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sulfuric acid. 38 ------- ------- tt ~° o g§ y o 55 o ?* 03 *< -* DO 0 c 31- l'« cFw c CD ^^J S" -t^ v> o -S D CS- o" p D O |\O o O) 0 m c i i 3 & 1 ss ro S- =5 CD 03^ w Tl 0 CD" o. o' D CQ CD D O ------- |