Light-Duty Automotive Technology and
Fuel Economy Trends:
1975 Through 2008
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
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Light-Duty Automotive Technology and
This technical report does not necessarily represent final EPA decisions or
positions. It is intended to present technical analysis of issues using data
that are currently available. The purpose in the release of such reports is to
facilitate the exchange of technical information and to inform the public of
technical developments.
Fuel Economy Trends:
1975 Through 2008
Compliance and Innovative Strategies Division
and
Transportation and Climate Division
Offce of T ransportation and Air Quality
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
NOTICE
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
EPA420-R-08-015
September 2008
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Table of Contents
Page
Number
I. Executive Summary i
II. Introduction 1
III. General Car and Truck Trends 5
IV. Trends by Vehicle Type, Size and Weight 17
V. Technology Trends 35
VI. Marketing Groups 62
VII. Characteristics of Fleets Comprised of Existing Fuel-Efficient Vehicles 71
VIII. References 80
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Table of Contents, continued
Appendices
APPENDIX A - Database Details and Calculation Methods
APPENDIX B - Model Year 2008 Nameplate Fuel Economy Listings
APPENDIX C - Fuel Economy Distribution Data
APPENDIX D - Data Stratified by Vehicle Type
APPENDIX E - Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Size
APPENDIX F - Car Data Stratified by EPA Car Class
APPENDIX G - Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
APPENDIX H - Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
APPENDIX I - Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission Type
APPENDIX J - Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count
APPENDIX K - Data Stratified by Vehicle Type, Engine Type and Valves Per Cylinder
APPENDIX L - Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Marketing Group
APPENDIX M - Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Weight Class
APPENDIX N - Fuel Economy and Ton-MPG by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Size
APPENDIX O - MY2008 Fuel Economy by Vehicle Type, Weight and Marketing Group
APPENDIX P - Data Stratified by Marketing Group and Vehicle Type
APPENDIX Q - Characteristics of Fleets Comprised of Fuel Efficient Vehicles
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I. Executive Summary
Introduction
This report summarizes key trends in fuel economy and technology usage related to
model year (MY) 1975 through 2008 light-duty vehicles sold in the United States. Light-duty
vehicles are those vehicles that EPA classifies as cars or light-duty trucks (sport utility vehicles
or SUVs, vans, and pickup trucks with less than 8500 pounds gross vehicle weight ratings). The
data in this report supersede the data in previous reports in this series.
Since 1975, overall new light-duty vehicle fuel economy has moved through four phases:
1. a rapid increase from 1975 through the early 1980s,
2. a slower increase until reaching its peak in 1987,
3. a gradual decline until 2004, and
4. an increase beginning in 2005.
The projected fleetwide average MY2008 light-duty vehicle fuel economy is 20.8 miles
per gallon (mpg). The fleetwide average MY2007 value is 20.6 mpg. There is greater
confidence in the MY2007 value as the database for 2007 includes formal sales data for about
80% of the MY2007 fleet, while the projected MY2008 value is based on pre-model year sales
projections provided by automakers. The 20.8 mpg value for model year 2008 represents a 1.5
mpg, or 8%, increase over the 19.3 mpg value for 2004, which was the lowest fuel economy
value since 1980.
More so than in any other recent report, EPA believes that the pre-model year 2008 sales
projections provided by automakers to EPA do not accurately reflect the actual light-duty vehicle
market in MY2008. Automakers submitted MY2008 sales projections to EPA in the spring and
summer of 2007 when average nationwide gasoline prices were in the $2.50 to $3.00 per gallon
range. Actual gasoline prices have averaged about $3.50 per gallon during MY2008, or $0.50 to
$1.00 per gallon higher than at the time automakers provided sales projections to EPA. Based on
publicly available sales data, which are not part of the formal EPA database, it appears that
higher gasoline prices have led to a 10 to 15 percent decrease in overall light-duty vehicle sales
relative to automaker projections. Further, the sales data suggest that subcompact, compact, and
midsize cars have been the only vehicle classes to have met or exceeded sales projections by
automakers, while sales of midsize SUVs, large SUVs, and large pickup trucks are 15 to 25
percent lower than automaker projections. It also appears that 4-cylinder engines have gained
market share from 6-cylinder and 8-cylinder engines. Accordingly, it is extremely likely that the
projected fleetwide average MY2008 fuel economy value of 20.8 mpg is too low. EPA will
provide a more accurate value for MY2008 in the 2009 report, based on formal end-of-year
submissions to EPA by automakers.
The fuel economy values in this report are either adjusted (ADJ) EPA "real-world"
estimates provided to consumers, or unadjusted EPA laboratory (LAB) values. Most of the data
is presented in adjusted values. Either adjusted or laboratory fuel economy may be reported as
city, highway, or, most commonly, as composite (combined city/highway, or COMP). In 2006,
EPA revised the methodology by which EPA estimates adjusted fuel economy to better reflect
changes in driving habits and other factors that affect fuel economy such as higher highway
speeds, more aggressive driving, and greater use of air conditioning. This is the second report in
this series to reflect this new real-world fuel economy methodology, and every adjusted fuel
economy value in this report for 1986 and later model years is lower than values in pre-2007
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reports in this series. To reflect that these changes did not occur overnight, these new downward
adjustments are phased in, gradually, beginning in 1986, and for 2005 and later model years the
new adjusted composite values are, on average, about 6% lower than under the methodology
used by EPA in older reports. See Appendix A for more details.
Because the underlying methodology for generating unadjusted laboratory fuel economy
values has not changed since this series began in the mid-1970s, they provide an excellent basis
for comparing long-term fuel economy trends from the perspective of vehicle design, apart from
the factors that affect real-world fuel economy that are reflected in the adjusted fuel economy
values. Laboratory composite values represent a harmonic average of 55 percent city fuel
economy and 45 percent highway fuel economy, or "55/45." For 2005 and later model years,
unadjusted laboratory composite fuel economy values are, on average, about 25% greater than
adjusted composite fuel economy values. The projected fleetwide average 26.0 mpg unadjusted
laboratory composite fuel economy value for MY2008 is an all-time high.
The Department of Transportation's National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
(NHTSA) has the overall responsibility for the Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE)
program. For 2008, the CAFE standards are 27.5 mpg for cars and 22.5 mpg for light trucks (for
light trucks, individual manufacturers can choose between the fixed, unreformed 22.5 mpg
standard and a reformed vehicle footprint-based standard which yields different compliance
levels for each manufacturer). EPA provides laboratory composite fuel economy data, along
with alternative fuel vehicle credits and test procedure adjustments, to NHTSA for CAFE
enforcement. Accordingly, current NHTSA CAFE values are a minimum of 25% higher than
EPA adjusted fuel economy value.
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Importance of Fuel Economy
Fuel economy continues to be a major area of public and policy interest for several
reasons, including:
1. Fuel economy is directly related to energy security because light-duty vehicles
account for approximately 40 percent of all U.S. oil consumption, and much of
this oil is imported.
2. Fuel economy is directly related to the cost of fueling a vehicle and is of great
interest when crude oil and gasoline prices rise.
3. Fuel economy is directly related to emissions of greenhouse gases (i.e., carbon
dioxide). Light-duty vehicles contribute about 20 percent of all U.S. carbon
dioxide emissions.
Characteristics of Light Duty Vehicles for Four Model Years
1975
1987
1998
2008
Adjusted Fuel Economy (mpg)
13.1
22.0
20.1
20.8
Weight (lbs.)
4060
3220
3744
4117
Horsepower
137
118
171
222
0 to 60 Time (sec.)
14.1
13.1
10.9
9.6
Percent Truck Sales
19%
28%
45%
48%
Percent Front-Wheel Drive
5%
58%
56%
53%
Percent Four-Wheel Drive
3%
10%
20%
28%
Percent Multi-Valve Engine
_
_
40%
77%
Percent Variable Valve Timing
-
-
-
58%
Percent Cylinder Deactivation
-
-
-
7%
Percent Gasoline Direct Injection
-
-
-
2.3%
Percent Turbocharger
-
-
1.4%
2.5%
Percent Manual Trans
23%
29%
13%
7%
Percent Continuously Variable Trans
-
-
-
8%
Percent Hybrid
-
-
-
2.5%
Percent Diesel
0.2%
0.2%
0.1%
0.1%
in
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Highlight #1: Fuel Economy Increases Beginning in 2005 Reverse the Long-Term Trend of
Declining Fuel Economy From 1987 through 2004.
Overall average fuel economy is projected to increase by 1.5 mpg, or 8%, from 19.3 mpg
in MY2004 to 20.8 mpg in MY2008. The actual fuel economy performance for MY2008
will likely exceed 20.8 mpg as this value is based on pre-model year sales projections
made by automakers at a time when gasoline prices were considerably lower. The fuel
economy increases beginning in MY2005 reverse a long trend of slowly declining fuel
economy since 1987. The projected MY2008 unadjusted laboratory fuel economy value
of 26.0 mpg, which does not account for real worldfuel economy performance,
represents an all-time high.
Since 1975, the fuel economy of the combined car and light truck fleet has moved
through several phases: (1) a rapid increase from 1975 to the early 1980s, (2) a slow increase to
the fuel economy peak of 22.0 mpg in 1987, (3) a gradual decline from the peak to 19.3 mpg in
2004, and (4) consecutive annual increases beginning in 2005, growing to 20.8 mpg in 2008.
The 20.8 mpg value for model year 2008 is 1.2 mpg below the peak of 22.0 mpg in
MY1987. But it is important to note that this difference is due to the new methodology for
calculating adjusted fuel economy values that is gradually phased in over the 1986 to 2005
timeframe. Based on the laboratory composite fuel economy values, which are not affected by
the new methodology for calculating adjusted fuel economy values, the projected MY2008 value
of 26.0 mpg is 0.1 mpg higher than the previous peak of 25.9 mpg in 1987.
MY2008 cars are projected to average 24.1 mpg and MY2008 light trucks are estimated
to average 18.1 mpg. Since 2004, light truck fuel economy has increased by 1.4 mpg, while car
fuel economy has increased by 1.0 mpg (car market share has also increased). The recent
increase in truck fuel economy is due, in part, to higher truck CAFE standards, which have risen
from 20.7 mpg in 2004 to 22.5 mpg in 2008.
Adjusted Fuel Economy by Model Year
(Annual Data)
Adjusted MPG
30
25
20
15
rucks
10
H—i—i—i—i—Hi—i—i—i—|—i—i—i—i—|—i—i—i—i—|—i—i—i—i—|—i—i—i—i—|—i—i—i—r
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Model Year
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Highlight #2: Trucks Continue To Represent About Half of New Vehicle Sales.
Sales of light trucks, which include SI IVs, vans, and pickup trucks, have accountedfor
about 50 percent of the U.S. light-duty vehicle market since MY2002. After two decades
of constant growth, light truck market share has been relatively stable fi'om 2002 through
2007. While projectedMY2008 truck market share is relatively stable, it is likely that
actual truck market share inMY2008 will be less than the projected value, which is based
on pre-model year sales projections, given higher gasoline prices.
Historically, growth in the light truck market was primarily driven by the explosive
increase in the market share of SUVs (EPA does not have a separate category for crossover
vehicles and classifies many crossover vehicles as SUVs). The SUV market share increased
from less than 10 percent of the overall new light-duty vehicle market in MY1990 to about 30
percent of vehicles built each year since 2003. By comparison, market shares for both vans and
pickup trucks have declined slightly since 1990. The increased overall market share of light
trucks, which in recent years have averaged 5-7 mpg lower than cars, accounted for much of the
decline in fuel economy of the overall new light-duty vehicle fleet from MY1987 through
MY2004.
The MY2008 light truck market share is projected to be 48 percent, based on pre-model
year sales projections by automakers. It is likely that actual light truck market share will be less
than 48 percent, due to the impact of high gasoline prices on consumers.
Sales Fraction by Vehicle Type
(Annual Data)
100%
Market Share
~ Car
~ SUV
~ Van
Pickup
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Model Year
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Highlight #3: Technological Innovation Since 2005 Is Being Used for Higher Fuel
Economy and Performance.
Automotive engineers are constantly developing more advanced and efficient vehicle
technologies. From 1987 through 2004, on afleetwide basis, this technology innovation
was utilized exclusively to support market-driven attributes other than fuel economy, such
as vehicle weight (which supports vehicle content andfeatures), performance, and utility.
Beginning in MY2005, technology has been used to increase both fuel economy and
performance, while keeping vehicle weight relatively constant.
Vehicle weight and performance are two of the most important engineering parameters
that help determine a vehicle's fuel economy. All other factors being equal, higher vehicle
weight (which supports new options and features) and faster acceleration performance (e.g.,
lower 0-to-60 mile-per-hour acceleration time), both decrease a vehicle's fuel economy. Average
vehicle weight and performance had increased steadily from the mid-1980s through 2004.
Average light-duty vehicle weight has been fairly constant since 2004, with a small
increase in weight of cars offset by a small decrease in truck market share. Average fleetwide
performance has improved slightly in MY2006 and MY2007. The projection for MY2008 is for
a small increase in both vehicle performance and weight, but it is likely that weight, and possibly
performance as well, will be lower in MY2008 once we get final sales data.
Weight and Performance
(Annual Data)
Weight (lbs.)
0 to 60 Time (sec.)
4500
15
4000
3500
Weight
14
13
12
11
10
3000
9
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Model Year
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Highlight #4: Differences between Marketing Group Fuel Economies Are Narrowing.
In 1987, when industry-wide fuel economy peaked, some major marketing groups had
average fuel economies 6 to 8 mpg higher than other top marketing groups. The typical
difference between higher and lower fuel economy marketing groups is now 3 to 4 mpg.
Most, if not all, of these marketing groups will likely have higher MY2008fuel economy
values when final sales data is reported, due to higher gasoline prices.
For MY2008, the nine highest-selling marketing groups (that account for over 95 percent
of all sales) fall into three fuel economy groupings: Honda, Toyota, and Hyundai-Kia (HK) have
estimated fuel economies of 22.6 to 23.6 mpg; BMW, Nissan, and Volkswagen have projected
fuel economies of 21.0 to 21.2 mpg; and General Motors, Ford, and DaimlerChrysler have
estimated fuel economies of 18.9 to 19.6 mpg. Note that these adjusted fuel economy values for
marketing groups can not be directly compared to those in reports in this series prior to 2007,
since this year's report uses the new methodology where adjusted fuel economy values since
2005 are, on average, about 6% lower than in previous reports.
Each of these marketing groups has lower average fuel economy today than in 1988, with
the exception of BMW. Since then, the differences between marketing group fuel economies
have narrowed considerably, with some of the higher mpg marketing groups in 1988 showing
larger fuel economy decreases since 1988. Three of the marketing groups show a slight increase
in average fuel economy since 1998: Toyota, BMW, and Chrysler. For MY2008, Volkswagen
and BMW are the only two of the nine highest-selling marketing groups to have a projected truck
market share of less than 39 percent.
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Marketing Group Fuel Economy for Three Model Years
Adjusted Composite MPG
¦2008 D1998 CI1988
Honda Toyota HK
BMW Nissan VW
Marketing Group
GM Ford Chrysler
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Important Notes with Respect to the Data Used in This Report
Most of the fuel economy values in this report are a single adjusted composite (combined
city/highway) fuel economy value, based on the real-world estimates for city and highway fuel
economy provided to consumers on new vehicle labels, in the EPA/DOE Fuel Economy Guide,
and in EPA's Green Vehicle Guide.
This 2008 report supersedes all previous reports in this series, which date back to the
early 1970s. In general, users of this report should rely exclusively on data in this 2008 report,
which covers the years 1975 through 2008, and not try to make comparisons to data in previous
reports in this series. There are at least two reasons for this.
One, EPA revised the methodology for estimating real-world fuel economy values in
December 2006. This is the second report in this series to reflect this new real-world fuel
economy methodology, and every adjusted (ADJ) fuel economy value in this report for 1986 and
later model years is lower than given in reports in this series prior to the 2007 report.
Accordingly, adjusted fuel economy values for 1986 and later model years should not be
compared with the corresponding values from pre-2007 reports. These new downward
adjustments are phased in, linearly, beginning in 1986, and for 2005 and later model years the
new adjusted composite (combined city /highway) values are, on average, about 6% lower than
under the methodology previously used by EPA. See Appendix A for more in-depth discussion
of this new methodology and how it affects both the adjusted fuel economy values for individual
models and the historical fuel economy trends database.
Two, when EPA changes a marketing group definition to reflect a change in the
industry's financial arrangements, EPA makes the same adjustment in marketing group
composition in the historical database as well. This maintains a consistent marketing group
definition over time, which allows the identification of trends over time. On the other hand, it
means that the database does not necessarily reflect actual past financial arrangements. For
example, the 2008 database no longer reflects the fact that Chrysler was combined with Daimler
for several years.
In some tables and figures in this report, a single laboratory composite (combined
city /highway) value is also shown. Because the underlying methodology for generating and
reporting laboratory fuel economy values has not changed since this series began in the mid-
1970s, these laboratory fuel economy values provide an excellent basis for comparing long-term
fuel economy trends from the perspective of vehicle design, apart from the factors that affect
real-world fuel economy that are reflected in the adjusted fuel economy values. For 2005 and
later model years, laboratory composite fuel economy values are, on average, about 25% greater
than adjusted composite fuel economy values.
Formal Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) compliance data as reported by the
Department of Transportation's National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) do
not correlate precisely with either the adjusted or laboratory fuel economy values in this report.
While EPA's laboratory composite fuel economy data form the cornerstone of the CAFE
compliance database, NHTSA must also include credits for alternative fuel vehicles and test
procedure adjustments (for cars only) in the official CAFE calculations. Accordingly, NHTSA
CAFE values are at least 25% higher than EPA adjusted fuel economy values for model years
2005 through 2008.
In general, car/truck classifications in this database parallel classifications made by
NHTSA for CAFE purposes and EPA for vehicle emissions standards. However, this report
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relies on engineering judgment, and typically there are a few cases each model year where the
methodology used for classifying vehicles for this report results in differences in the
determination of whether a given vehicle is classified as a car or a light truck. See Appendix A
for a list of these exceptions.
The data presented in this report were tabulated on a model year basis, but many of the
figures in this report use three-year moving averages that effectively smooth the trends, and these
three-year moving averages are tabulated at the midpoint. For example, the midpoint for model
years 2006, 2007, and 2008 is MY2007. Figures are based on annual data unless otherwise
noted.
All of the data in this report are from vehicles certified to operate on gasoline or diesel
fuel. There are no data from the very small number of vehicles that are certified to operate only
on alternative fuels. The data from ethanol flexible fuel vehicles, which can operate on both an
85 percent ethanol/15 percent gasoline blend or gasoline, are from gasoline operation.
All average fuel economy values were calculated using harmonic rather than arithmetical
averaging, in order to maintain mathematical integrity. See Appendix A.
The EPA fuel economy database used to generate the fuel economy trends database in
this report was frozen in January 2008, yielding additional data beyond that used in last year's
report for model years beginning in 2005, although additional data for MY2007 was added in
April 2008.
Through MY2006, the fuel economy, vehicle characteristics, and sales data used for this
report were from the formal end-of-year submissions from automakers obtained from EPA's fuel
economy database that is used for CAFE compliance purposes. Accordingly, values for all
model years up to 2006 can be considered final.
For MY2007, the data used in this report are based on a database where about 80 percent
of the total sales are from formal end-of-year CAFE submissions by automakers, and about 20
percent are from confidential pre-model year sales projections submitted to the Agency by the
automakers, with these latter projections updated based on actual 2007 sales data reported in
trade publications. EPA has a high level of confidence in the data for MY2007, given that 80
percent of the 2007 data is based on actual CAFE reports. It is noteworthy that the 20.6 mpg
adjusted fuel economy value for MY2007 in this report is 0.4 mpg higher than the projected 20.2
mpg adjusted fuel economy value for MY2007 in the 2007 report. This suggests that higher
gasoline prices have led to actual 2007 sales that differ from the projected 2007 sales provided to
EPA by automakers in 2006.
For MY2008, EPA has exclusively used confidential pre-model year sales projections.
Accordingly, MY2008 projections are much more uncertain, particularly given the changes in
the automotive marketplace driven by higher fuel prices. For model years 1998 through 2005,
the final laboratory fuel economy values for a given model year have varied from 0.4 mpg lower
to 0.4 mpg higher compared to original estimates for the same model year that were based
exclusively on projected sales.
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For More Information
Light-Duty Automotive Technology and Fuel Economy Trends: 1975 through 2008
(EPA420-R-08-015) is available on the Office of Transportation and Air Quality's
(OTAQ) Web site at:
www.epa.gov/otaq/fetrends.htm
Printed copies are available from the OTAQ library at:
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Transportation and Air Quality Library
2000 Traverwood Drive
Ann Arbor, MI 48105
(734)214-4311
A copy of the Fuel Economy Guide giving city and highway fuel economy data for
individual models is available at:
www, fuel economy. gov
or by calling the U.S. Department of Energy at (800) 423-1363.
EPA's Green Vehicle Guide providing information about the air pollution emissions and
fuel economy performance of individual models is available on EPA's web site at:
www.epa.gov/greenvehicles
For information about the Department of Transportation (DOT) Corporate Average Fuel
Economy (CAFE) program, including a program overview, related rulemaking activities,
and summaries of the fuel economy performance of individual manufacturers since 1978,
see:
www.nhtsa.dot.gov and click on "Fuel Economy"
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II. Introduction
Light-duty automotive technology and fuel economy trends are examined here, as in the preceding
reports in this series [1-34] , using the latest and most complete EPA data available.
When comparing data in this and previous reports, please note that revisions are made for some prior
model years for which more complete and accurate sales and fuel economy data have become available. In
addition, changes have been made periodically in the way EPA calculates adjusted fuel economy values which
means it is not appropriate to compare adjusted fuel economy values from this report with others in this series.
Finally, the grouping of individual manufacturers into broader marketing groups also changes over time to
reflect changes in the financial arrangements within the automobile industry.
The EPA fuel economy database used to generate the fuel economy trends database in this report was
frozen in January 2008, yielding additional data beyond that used in last year's report for model years 2005
through 2008, though additional data for MY2007 was added in April 2008.
Through MY2006, the fuel economy, vehicle characteristics, and sales data used for this report were
from the formal end-of-year submissions from automakers obtained from EPA's fuel economy database that is
used for CAFE compliance purposes. For MY2007, the data used in this report is based on a database where
about 80% of the total sales are from formal end-of-year CAFE submissions by automakers, and about 20% of
the total sales are based on confidential pre-model year sales projections submitted to the Agency by the
automakers, with these latter projections updated based on actual 2007 sales data reported in trade publications.
For MY2008, EPA has exclusively used confidential pre-model year sales projections.
Accordingly, values for all model years up to 2006 can be considered final. EPA has a high level of
confidence in the data for MY2007, given that 80% of the 2007 data is based on actual CAFE reports. MY2008
projections are much more uncertain, particularly given the changes in the automotive marketplace driven by
much higher fuel prices. Over the last several years, the final fuel economy values for a given model year have
varied from 0.4 mpg lower to 0.4 mpg higher compared to original estimates for the same model year that were
based exclusively on projected sales.
All fuel economy averages in this report are sales-weighted harmonic averages. In prior reports in this
series, up to and including the one for MY2000, the only fuel economy values used in this series were the
laboratory-based city, highway, and composite (combined city /highway) mpg values — the same ones that are
used as the basis for compliance with the fuel economy
Numbers in brackets denote references listed in the references section of this report.
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standards and the gas guzzler tax. Since the laboratory mpg values tend to over predict the mpg achieved in
actual use, adjusted mpg values are used for the Government's fuel economy information programs: the Fuel
Economy Guide and the Fuel Economy Labels that are on new vehicles and in EPA's Green Vehicle Guide.
Starting with the report issued for MY2001, this series of reports has provided fuel economy trends in
adjusted mpg values in addition to the laboratory mpg values. In this way, the fuel economy trends can be
shown for both laboratory mpg and mpg values which can be considered to be an estimate of on-road mpg. In
the tables, these two mpg values are called "Laboratory MPG" and "Adjusted MPG," and abbreviated "LAB"
MPG and " ADJ" MPG.
Where only one mpg value is presented in this report, it is the "adjusted composite" fuel economy value.
This value represents a combined city /highway fuel economy value, and is based on equations (see Appendix
A) that allow a computation of adjusted city and highway fuel economy values based on laboratory city and
highway fuel economy test values.
It is important to note that EPA revised the methodology by which EPA estimates real-world fuel
economy values in December 2006. This is the second report in this series to reflect this new real-world fuel
economy methodology, and every adjusted (ADJ) fuel economy value in this report for 1986 and later model
years is lower than given in pre-2007 reports in this series. Accordingly, adjusted fuel economy values for 1986
and later model years should not be compared with corresponding values from older reports. These new
downward adjustments are phased in, linearly, beginning in 1986, and for 2005 and later model years the new
adjusted composite values are, on average, about 6% lower than under the methodology previously used by
EPA. See Appendix A for more in-depth discussion of this new methodology and how it affects both the
adjusted fuel economy values for individual models and the historical fuel economy trends database.
The data presented in this report were tabulated on a model year basis, but many of the figures in this
report use three-year moving averages which effectively smooth the trends, and these three-year moving
averages are tabulated at their midpoint. For example, the midpoint for model years 2002, 2003, and 2004 is
model year 2003 (See Table A-2, Appendix A). Use of the three-year moving averages results in an
improvement in distinguishing real trends from what might be relatively small year-to-year variations in the
data.
To facilitate comparison with data in older reports in this series, most data tables include laboratory
55/45 fuel economy values as well as the adjusted city, highway, and composite fuel economy values.
Presenting both types of mpg values facilitates the use of this report by those who study either type of fuel
economy metric.
The fuel economy values reported by the Department of Transportation (DOT) for compliance with the
Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) compliance purposes are higher than the data in this report for four
reasons:
(1) the DOT data does not include the EPA real world fuel economy adjustment factors for city and
highway mpg,
(2) the DOT data include CAFE credits for those manufacturers that produce dedicated alternative fuel
vehicles and CAFE credits up to 1.2 mpg for those manufacturers that produce flexible fuel vehicles,
(3) the DOT data include credits for test procedure adjustments for cars, and
(4) there are some differences in the way vehicles are classified as cars and trucks for this report
compared to the way they are classified by DOT.
Accordingly, the fuel economy values in this series of reports are always lower than those reported by DOT.
Table A-6, Appendix A, compares CAFE data reported by DOT with EPA adjusted and laboratory fuel
economy data.
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Other Variables
All vehicle weight data are based on inertia weight class (nominally curb weight plus 300 pounds). For
vehicles with inertia weights up to and including the 3000-pound inertia weight class, these classes have 250-
pound increments. For vehicles above the 3000-pound inertia weight class (i.e., vehicles 3500 pounds and
above), 500-pound increments are used.
All interior volume data for cars built after model year 1977 are based on the metric used to classify cars
for the DOE/EPA Fuel Economy Guide. The car interior volume combines the passenger compartment and
trunk/cargo space. In the Fuel Economy Guide, interior volume is undefined for the two-seater class; for this
series of reports, all two-seater cars have been assigned an interior volume value of 50 cubic feet.
The light truck data used in this series of reports includes only vehicles classified as light trucks with
gross vehicle weight ratings (GVWR) up to 8500 pounds (lb). Vehicles with GVWR above 8500 lb are not
included in the database used for this report. Omitting these vehicles influences the overall averages for all
variables studied in this report. The most recent estimates we have made for the impact of these greater than
8500 lb GVWR vehicles was made for model year 2001. In that year, there were roughly 931,000 vehicles
above 8500 lb GVWR. A substantial fraction (42 percent) of the MY2001 vehicles above 8500 lb GVWR were
powered by diesel engines, and three-fourths of the vehicles over 8500 lb GVWR were pickup trucks. Adding
in the trucks above 8500 lb GVWR would have increased the truck market share for that year by three
percentage points.
Based on a limited amount of actual laboratory fuel economy data, MY2001 trucks with GVWR greater
than 8500 lb GVWR are estimated to have fuel economy values about 14 percent lower than the average of
trucks below 8500 lb GVWR. The combined fleet of all vehicles under 8500 lb GVWR and trucks over 8500 lb
GVWR is estimated to average a few percent less in fuel economy compared to that for just the vehicles with
less than 8500 lb GVWR.
In addition to fuel economy, some tables in this report contain alternate measures of vehicle fuel
efficiency as used in reference 17.
"Ton-MPG" is defined as a vehicle's mpg multiplied by its inertia weight in tons. Ton-MPG is a
measure of powertrain/drive-line efficiency. Just as an increase in vehicle mpg at constant weight can be
considered an improvement in a vehicle's efficiency, an increase in a vehicle's weight at constant mpg can also
be considered an improvement.
"Cubic-feet-MPG" for cars is defined in this report as the product of a car's mpg and its interior volume,
including trunk space. This metric associates a relative measure of a vehicle's ability to transport both
passengers and their cargo. An increase in vehicle volume at constant mpg could be considered an
improvement just as an increase in mpg at constant volume can be.
"Cubic-feet-ton-MPG" is defined in this report as a combination of the two previous metrics, i.e., a car's
mpg multiplied by its weight in tons and also by its interior volume. It ascribes vehicle utility to fuel economy,
weight and volume.
This report also includes an estimate of 0-to-60 mph acceleration time, calculated from engine rated
horsepower and vehicle inertia weight, from the relationship:
t = F (HP/WT)"f
where the values used for F and f coefficients are .892 and .805 respectively for vehicles with automatic
transmissions and .967 and .775 respectively for those with manual transmissions [35], Other authors [36, 37,
and 38] have evaluated the relationships between weight, horsepower, and 0-to-60 acceleration time and have
calculated and published slightly different values for the F and f coefficients. Since the equation form and
coefficients were developed for vehicles with conventional powertrains with gasoline-fueled engines, we have
3
-------
not used the equation to estimate 0-to-60 time for vehicles with hybrid powertrains or diesel engines. Published
values are used for these vehicles instead.
The 0-to-60 estimate used in this report is intended to provide a quantitative time "index" of vehicle
performance capability. It is the authors' engineering judgment that, given the differences in test methods for
measuring 0-to-60 time and given the fact that the weight is based on inertia weight, use of these other
published values for the F and f coefficients would not result in statistically significantly different 0-to-60
averages or trends. The results of a similar calculation of estimated "top speed" are also included in some
tables.
Grouping all vehicles into classes and then constructing time trends of parameters of interest, like mpg,
can provide interesting and useful results. These results, however, are a strong function of the class definitions.
Classes based on other definitions than those used in this report are possible, and results from these other
classifications may also be useful.
For cars, vehicle classification as to vehicle type, size class, and manufacturer/origin generally follows
fuel economy label, Fuel Economy Guide, and fuel economy standards protocols; exceptions are listed in Table
A-3, Appendix A. In many of the passenger car tables, large sedans and wagons are aggregated as "Large,"
midsize sedans and wagons are aggregated as "Midsize," and "Small" includes all other cars. In some of the car
tables, an alternative classification system is used, namely: Large Cars, Large Wagons, Midsize Cars, Midsize
Wagons, Small Cars, and Small Wagons with the EPA Two-Seater, Mini-Compact, Subcompact, and Compact
car classes are combined into the "Small Car" class. In some of the tables and figures in this report, only four
vehicle types are used. In these cases, wagons have been merged with cars. This is because the wagon sales
fraction for some instances is so small that the information is more conveniently represented by combining the
two vehicle types. When they have been combined, the differences between them are not important.
The truck classification scheme used for all model years in this report is slightly different from that used
in some previous reports in this series, because pickups, vans, and sports utility vehicles (SUVs) are sometimes
each subdivided as "Small," "Midsize," and "Large." These truck size classifications are based primarily on
published wheelbase data according to the following criteria:
Pickup Van SUV
Small Less than 105" Less than 109" Less than 100"
Midsize 105" to 115" 109" to 124" 100" to 110"
Large More than 115" More than 124" More than 110"
This classification scheme is similar to that used in many trade and consumer publications. For those
vehicle nameplates with a variety of wheelbases, the size classification was determined by considering only the
smallest wheelbase produced. The classification of a vehicle for this report is based on the authors' engineering
judgment and is not a replacement for definitions used in implementing automotive standards legislation.
Published data is also used for two other vehicle characteristics for which data is not currently being
submitted to EPA by the automotive manufacturers: (1) engines with variable valve timing (VVT) that use
either cams or electric solenoids to provide variable intake and/ or exhaust valve timing and in some cases valve
lift; and (2) engines with cylinder deactivation, which involves allowing the valves of selected cylinders of the
engine to remain closed under certain driving conditions.
4
-------
III.
General Car and Truck Trends
Figure 1 and Table 1 depict time trends in car, light truck, and car-plus-light truck fuel economy. Also
shown on Figure 1 is the fraction of the combined fleet that are light trucks and trend lines representing three-
year moving averages of the fuel economy and truck sales fraction data. Since 1975, the fuel economy of the
combined car and light truck fleet has moved through several phases:
1. a rapid increase from 1975 through the early 1980s,
2. a slow increase until reaching its peak in 1987,
3. a gradual decline until 2004, and
4. an increase beginning in 2005.
Adjusted Fuel Economy and Percent Truck by Model Year
(Three Year Moving Average)
Percent Truck
Adjusted Composite MPG
100%
30
Moving Avg.
Yearly Data
75%
25
Cars
Cars
Both
Both
50%
20
Trucks
Percent Truck
Trucks
25%
Pet. Truck
0%
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Model Year
Figure 1
5
-------
As shown in Table 1, the projected MY2008 fleetwide fuel economy value of 20.8 mpg is the highest
value since 1993 and is 1.5 mpg higher than the 2004 value of 19.3 mpg, which was the lowest value since 1980.
Average fleetwide fuel economy has now increased for four consecutive years. These increases reverse the
longer term trend of declining fuel economy since its peak in 1987. Most of the increase in overall fuel economy
since 2004 is due to higher truck fuel economy, as truck fuel economy has increased by 1.4 mpg since 2004,
while car fuel economy has increased by 1.0 mpg. The 20.8 mpg adjusted fuel economy value projected for
2008 is 1.2 mpg below the peak in 1987, but this difference is due to the new methodology for calculating
adjusted fuel economy values that is phased in over the 1986-2005 timeframe. As shown in Table 1, based on
laboratory 55/45 fuel economy values, the projected value of 26.0 mpg is an all-time record, and is 0.1 mpg
higher than the previous peak of 25.9 mpg in 1987.
Figure 1 shows that the estimated light truck share of the market, based on the three-year moving average
trend, has leveled off at about 50 percent. Figure 2 compares laboratory 55/45 fuel economy for the combined
car and truck fleet and the sales fraction for trucks.
MY2008 cars are estimated to average 24.1 mpg, matching the peak also achieved in MY1988 and
MY2007. For MY2008, light trucks are estimated to average 18.1 mpg, their highest level since 1987. Fuel
economy standards were unchanged for MY1996 through MY2004. In 2003 DOT raised the truck CAFE
standards for 2005-2007, and in 2006 DOT raised the truck CAFE standards for 2008-2011. The recent fuel
economy improvement for trucks is likely due, in part, to these higher standards. The CAFE standard for cars
has not been changed since 1990.
Truck Sales Fraction vs Fleet MPG by Model Year
Lab. 55/45 MPG
30
2004
¦2008
25
20
15
1975
10
10%
20%
30% 40% 50%
Percent Truck
60%
70%
Figure 2
6
-------
Table 1
Fuel Economy Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Light Duty Vehicles
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > TON CU-FT CU-FT-
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB LAB LAB AD J AD J AD J -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
Cars
CITY HWY 55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975 8237
1976 9722
1977 11300
1978 11175
1979 10794
1980 9443
1981 8733
1982 7819
1983 8002
1984 10675
1985 10791
1986 11015
1987 10731
1988 10736
1989 10018
1990 8810
1991 8524
1992 8108
1993 8456
1994 8415
1995 9396
1996 7890
1997 8335
1998 7972
1999 8379
2000 9128
2001 8408
2002 8304
2003 7951
2004 7538
2005 8027
2006 7993
2007 8029
2008 8537
.806 13.7
.788 15.2
.800 16.0
.773 17.2
.778 17.7
.835 20.3
.827 21.7
.803 22.3
.777 22.1
.761 22.4
.746 23.0
.717 23.7
.722 23.9
.702 24.2
.693 23.8
.698 23.4
.678 23.6
.666 23.1
.640 23.6
.596 23.4
.620 23.6
.600 23.5
.576 23.7
.551 23.7
.551 23.4
.551 23.5
.539 23.7
.515 24.0
.504 24.2
.480 24.1
.505 24.7
.529 24.4
.525 25.4
.520 25.4
19.5 15.8
21.3 17.5
22.3 18.3
24.5 19.9
24.6 20.3
29.0 23.5
31.1 25.1
32.7 26.0
32.7 25.9
33.3 26.3
34.3 27.0
35.5 27.9
35.9 28.1
36.6 28.6
36.3 28.1
36.0 27.8
36.3 28.0
36.3 27.6
36.9 28.2
36.9 28.0
37.6 28.3
37.6 28.3
37.7 28.4
37.9 28.5
37.4 28.2
37.3 28.2
37.6 28.4
37.6 28.6
38.1 28.9
38.2 28.9
38.7 29.5
38.5 29.2
39.7 30.3
39.8 30.3
12.3 15.2
13.7 16.6
14.4 17.4
15.5 19.1
15.9 19.2
18.3 22.6
19.6 24.2
20.1 25.5
19.9 25.5
20.2 26.0
20.7 26.8
21.2 27.6
21.2 27.7
21.4 28.2
20.9 27.9
20.5 27.5
20.5 27.6
20.0 27.5
20.3 27.9
20.0 27.7
20.0 28.1
19.8 28.0
19.8 28.0
19.7 28.0
19.4 27.5
19.3 27.3
19.4 27.3
19.4 27.2
19.5 27.5
19.3 27.4
19.6 27.6
19.4 27.5
20.1 28.3
20.1 28.4
13.5 27.6
14.9 30.2
15.6 31.0
16.9 30.6
17.2 30.2
20.0 31.2
21.4 33.1
22.2 34.2
22.1 34.7
22.4 35.1
23.0 35.8
23.7 36.2
23.8 36.2
24.1 36.9
23.7 36.8
23.3 37.1
23.4 37.0
23.1 37.4
23.5 37.7
23.3 37.9
23.4 38.3
23.3 38.3
23.4 38.3
23.4 38.7
23.0 38.7
22.9 38.6
23.0 39.1
23.1 39.3
23.2 40.0
23.1 40.3
23.5 41.0
23.3 41.6
24.1 42.8
24.1 43.3
1780 3423
1908 3345
1922 3301
2136 3273
2338 3547
2419 3645
2476 3776
2482 3776
2553 3884
2598 3899
2584 3872
2631 3963
2591 3977
2528 3984
2540 3970
2534 4071
2580 4098
2554 4108
2584 4171
2572 4186
2565 4168
2565 4210
2531 4237
2534 4246
2551 4280
2561 4311
2582 4378
2601 4464
2677 4590
2655 4649
2731 4735
2738 4789
7
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Table 1 (Continued)
Fuel Economy Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Light Duty Vehicles
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB LAB LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ -MPG
Trucks
CITY HWY 55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
1987
1976
2612
1977
2823
1978
3273
1979
3088
1980
1863
1981
1821
1982
1914
1983
2300
1984
3345
1985
3669
1986
4350
1987
4134
1988
4559
1989
4435
1990
3805
1991
4049
1992
4064
1993
4754
1994
5710
1995
5749
1996
5254
1997
6124
1998
6485
1999
6839
2000
7447
2001
7202
2002
7815
2003
7824
2004
8173
2005
7866
2006
7111
2007
7257
2008
7871
.194 12.1
.212 12.8
.200 14.0
.227 13.8
.222 13.4
.165 16.5
.173 17.8
.197 18.1
.223 18.3
.239 17.9
.254 18.0
.283 18.8
.278 18.8
.298 18.3
.307 18.1
.302 17.8
.322 18.3
.334 17.8
.360 17.9
.404 17.8
.380 17.5
.400 17.7
.424 17.6
.449 17.7
.449 17.4
.449 17.7
.461 17.6
.485 17.6
.496 17.8
.520 17.7
.495 18.2
.471 18.5
.475 18.7
.480 19.1
16.2 13.7
16.9 14.4
18.1 15.6
17.5 15.2
16.8 14.7
21.9 18.6
23.9 20.1
24.4 20.5
25.2 20.9
24.8 20.5
24.9 20.6
25.9 21.4
26.5 21.6
26.2 21.2
25.8 20.9
25.9 20.7
26.6 21.3
26.2 20.8
26.5 21.0
26.1 20.8
25.9 20.5
26.5 20.8
26.1 20.6
26.6 20.9
26.0 20.5
26.2 20.8
26.0 20.6
26.0 20.6
26.5 20.9
26.5 20.8
27.4 21.4
27.8 21.8
28.3 22.1
28.9 22.5
10. 9
12 . 7
11.5
13.2
12 . 6
14 . 1
12 . 4
13.7
12 . 1
13. 1
14 . 8
17 . 1
16.0
18 . 6
16.3
19. 0
16.5
19. 6
16.1
19.3
16.2
19.4
16.8
20.2
16.8
20.5
16.2
20.2
15. 9
19. 8
15. 6
19. 8
15. 9
20.3
15.5
19.9
15.5
20.1
15.3
19.7
15. 0
19.5
15. 1
19. 9
14 . 8
19.5
14 . 9
19. 8
14 . 6
19.2
14 . 7
19.4
14 . 6
19. 1
14 . 4
19. 1
14 . 6
19.3
14 . 3
19.2
14 . 6
19. 8
14 . 9
20.1
15. 1
20.4
15.3
20.9
11. 6
24.2
12.2
26.0
13.3
28 . 0
12 . 9
27 . 5
12 . 5
27 . 3
15. 8
30. 9
17 . 1
33. 0
17 . 4
33.7
17 . 8
34 . 0
17 . 4
33.5
17 . 5
33.7
18.2
34 . 3
18 . 3
34.2
17 . 9
34 . 5
17 . 6
34 . 7
17 . 4
35. 1
17 . 8
35.3
17 . 4
35.4
17 . 5
35.7
17.2
35.7
17 . 0
35.7
17.2
36.6
17 . 0
36.9
17 . 1
36.8
16.7
37 . 0
16.9
37 . 1
16.7
37 . 4
16.7
38 . 0
16.9
38 . 7
16.7
39.4
17.2
40.2
17 . 5
40.9
17 . 7
42 . 1
18 . 1
42 . 9
8
-------
Table 1 (Continued)
Fuel Economy Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Light Duty Vehicles
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB LAB LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ -MPG
Both
CITY HWY 55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975 10224
1976 12334
1977 14123
1978 14448
1979 13882
1980 11306
1981 10554
1982 9732
1983 10302
1984 14020
1985 14460
1986 15365
1987 14865
1988 15295
1989 14453
1990 12615
1991 12573
1992 12172
1993 13211
1994 14125
1995 15145
1996 13144
1997 14459
1998 14458
1999 15218
2000 16574
2001 15610
2002 16119
2003 15775
2004 15711
2005 15893
2006 15105
2007 15287
2008 16407
1.000 13.4
1.000 14.6
1.000 15.6
1.000 16.3
1.000 16.5
1.000 19.6
1.000 20.9
1.000 21.3
1.000 21.2
1.000 21.2
1.000 21.5
1.000 22.1
1.000 22.2
1.000 22.1
1.000 21.7
1.000 21.4
1.000 21.6
1.000 21.0
1.000 21.2
1.000 20.8
1.000 20.8
1.000 20.8
1.000 20.6
1.000 20.6
1.000 20.3
1.000 20.5
1.000 20.5
1.000 20.4
1.000 20.6
1.000 20.2
1.000 21.0
1.000 21.2
1.000 21.7
1.000 21.9
18.7 15.3
20.2 16.7
21.3 17.7
22.5 18.6
22.3 18.7
27.5 22.5
29.5 24.1
30.7 24.7
30.6 24.6
30.8 24.6
31.3 25.0
32.2 25.7
32.6 25.9
32.7 25.9
32.3 25.4
32.2 25.2
32.5 25.4
32.1 24.9
32.4 25.1
31.6 24.6
32.1 24.7
32.2 24.8
31.8 24.5
31.9 24.5
31.2 24.1
31.4 24.3
31.1 24.2
30.9 24.1
31.3 24.3
31.0 24.0
32.1 24.8
32.6 25.2
33.3 25.7
33.7 26.0
12 . 0
14 . 6
13.2
15.7
14 . 0
16.6
14 . 7
17 . 5
14 . 9
17 . 4
17 . 6
21.5
18. 8
23. 0
19.2
23. 9
19. 0
23. 9
19. 1
24 . 0
19.3
24 . 4
19. 8
25. 0
19. 8
25.3
19. 6
25.2
19. 1
24 . 8
18 . 7
24 . 6
18 . 8
24 . 7
18.2
24 . 4
18.2
24 . 4
17. 8
23. 8
17 . 7
24 . 1
17 . 6
24 . 0
17 . 4
23. 6
17.2
23. 6
16.9
23. 0
16.9
23. 0
16.8
22 . 8
16.6
22 . 5
16.7
22 . 7
16.3
22 . 4
16.8
23. 1
17 . 0
23.4
17 . 3
23. 9
17 . 5
24.2
13.1 26.9
14.2 29.3
15.1 30.4
15.8 29.9
15.9 29.5
19.2 31.2
20.5 33.1
21.1 34.1
21.0 34.5
21.0 34.7
21.3 35.3
21.8 35.7
22.0 35.7
21.9 36.2
21.4 36.2
21.2 36.5
21.2 36.5
20.8 36.8
20.9 37.0
20.4 37.0
20.5 37.3
20.4 37.6
20.1 37.7
20.1 37.9
19.7 38.0
19.8 37.9
19.6 38.3
19.4 38.7
19.6 39.4
19.3 39.9
19.9 40.6
20.1 41.2
20.6 42.4
20.8 43.1
9
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The distribution of fuel economy in any model year is of interest. In Figure 3, highlights of the distribution
of car mpg are shown. Since 1975, half of the cars have consistently been within a few mpg of each other. The
fuel economy difference between the least efficient and most efficient car increased from about 20 mpg in 1975 to
nearly 50 mpg in 1986, but was less than 35 mpg in 1999. With the introduction for sale of the Honda Insight
gasoline-electric hybrid vehicle in MY2000, the range once again approached 50 mpg. The increased market share
of hybrid cars also accounts for the increase in the fuel economy of the best 1% of cars with the cutpoint for this
stratum now over 40 mpg. The ratio of the highest to lowest has increased from about three to one in 1975 to
nearly five to one today, because the fuel economy of the least fuel efficient cars has remained roughly constant in
comparison to the most fuel efficient cars whose fuel economy has more than doubled.
The overall fuel economy distribution trend for trucks (see Figure 4) is narrower than that for cars, with a
peak in the efficiency of the most efficient truck in the early 1980s when small pickup trucks equipped with diesel
engines were being sold. As a result, the fuel economy range between the most efficient and least efficient truck
peaked at about 25 mpg in 1982. The fuel economy range for trucks then narrowed, but with the introduction of the
hybrid Escape SUV in MY2005, it is nearly 20 mpg. Like cars, half of the trucks built each year have always been
within a few mpg of each year's average fuel economy value. Appendix C contains additional fuel economy
distribution data.
Sales Weighted Car
Fuel Economy Distribution
Adjusted Composite MPG
First Hybrid
Worst
Car
Best 1%
Worst 1%
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Model Year
Figure 3
Sales Weighted Truck
Fuel Economy Distribution
Adjusted Composite MPG
Best
Truck
Trucks
Worst
Truck
Best 1 %
Worst 1%
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Model Year
Figure 4
10
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Table 2
Vehicle Size and Design Characteristics of 1975 to 2008
Cars
< Vehicle Characteristics: > <- Percent By: ->
MODEL
ADJ
VOL
WGHT
ENG
HP/
0-60
TOP
VEHICLE SIZE
YEAR
FRAC
COMP
CU-FT
LB
HP
WT
TIME
SPD
SMALL
MID
LARGE
MPG
1975
.806
13.5
4058
136
. 0331
14.2
111
55.4
23.3
21.3
1976
.788
14 . 9
4059
134
. 0324
14 . 4
110
55.4
25.2
19.4
1977
.800
15. 6
110
3944
133
. 0335
14 . 0
111
51. 9
24 . 5
23.5
1978
. 773
16.9
109
3588
124
. 0342
13.7
111
44 . 7
34 . 4
21.0
1979
. 778
17.2
109
3485
119
. 0338
13. 8
110
43.7
34.2
22 . 1
1980
. 835
20.0
104
3101
100
. 0322
14 . 3
107
54 . 4
34 . 4
11.3
1981
. 827
21.4
106
3076
99
. 0320
14 . 4
106
51.5
36.4
12.2
1982
.803
22.2
106
3054
99
. 0320
14 . 4
106
56.5
31. 0
12 . 5
1983
. 777
22 . 1
109
3112
104
. 0330
14 . 0
108
53. 1
31. 8
15. 1
1984
.761
22 . 4
108
3099
106
. 0339
13. 8
109
57 . 4
29.4
13.2
1985
. 746
23. 0
108
3093
111
. 0355
13.3
111
55.7
28 . 9
15.4
1986
.717
23.7
107
3041
111
. 0360
13.2
111
59.5
27 . 9
12 . 6
1987
. 722
23. 8
107
3031
112
. 0365
13. 0
112
63.5
24 . 3
12.2
1988
.702
24 . 1
107
3047
116
. 0375
12 . 8
113
64 . 8
22 . 3
12 . 8
1989
. 693
23.7
108
3099
121
. 0387
12 . 5
115
58 . 3
28.2
13.5
1990
. 698
23.3
107
3176
129
. 0401
12 . 1
117
58 . 6
28 . 7
12 . 8
1991
. 678
23.4
107
3154
132
. 0413
11. 8
118
61.5
26.2
12 . 3
1992
. 666
23. 1
108
3240
141
. 0428
11.5
120
56.5
27 . 8
15. 6
1993
. 640
23.5
108
3207
138
. 0425
11. 6
120
57.2
29.5
13.3
1994
. 596
23.3
108
3250
143
. 0432
11.4
121
58 . 5
26.1
15.4
1995
. 620
23.4
109
3263
152
. 0460
10. 9
125
57 . 3
28 . 6
14 . 0
1996
. 600
23.3
109
3282
154
. 0464
10. 8
125
54 . 3
32 . 0
I—1
CO
1997
. 576
23.4
109
3274
156
. 0469
10.7
126
55. 1
30. 6
14 . 3
1998
. 551
23.4
109
3306
159
. 0475
10. 6
127
49.4
39. 1
11.4
1999
. 551
23. 0
109
3365
164
. 0481
10.5
128
47 . 7
39.7
12 . 6
2000
. 551
22 . 9
110
3369
168
. 0492
10.4
129
47 . 5
34 . 3
18.2
2001
. 539
23. 0
109
3380
168
. 0492
10.3
129
50. 9
32 . 3
16.8
2002
. 515
23. 1
109
3391
173
. 0504
10.2
131
48 . 6
36.3
15. 1
2003
. 504
23.2
109
3421
176
. 0510
10. 0
132
50. 8
33.4
15. 9
2004
.480
23. 1
110
3462
182
. 0521
9.8
133
47 . 4
35.5
17 . 0
2005
. 505
23.5
111
3463
182
. 0518
9.8
133
44.2
38 . 9
16.8
2006
. 529
23.3
112
3534
194
. 0540
9.6
136
46.2
32 . 9
20.9
2007
. 525
24 . 1
110
3510
190
. 0531
9.7
135
44 . 0
40.6
15.4
2008
. 520
24 . 1
110
3541
196
. 0543
9.5
137
43.7
36.1
20.2
11
-------
Table 2 (Continued)
Vehicle Size and Design Characteristics of 1975 to 2008
Trucks
< Vehicle Characteristics: > <- Percent By: ->
MODEL SALES
YEAR FRAC
ADJ WGHT
COMP LB
MPG
ENG HP/ 0-60 TOP VEHICLE TYPE
HP WT TIME SPD VAN SUV PICKUP
1975
. 194
11. 6
4072
142
. 0349
CO
114
ro
CO
o
9.4
67 . 6
1976
.212
12.2
4155
141
. 0340
13. 8
113
19.2
9.3
71.4
1977
.200
13.3
4135
147
. 0356
13.3
115
18.2
10. 0
71.8
1978
.227
12 . 9
4151
146
. 0351
13.4
114
19. 1
11. 6
69.3
1979
.222
12 . 5
4252
138
. 0325
14 . 3
111
15. 6
13. 0
71.5
1980
. 165
15. 8
3869
121
. 0313
14 . 5
108
13. 0
9.9
77 . 1
1981
. 173
17 . 1
3806
119
. 0311
14 . 6
108
13.5
7 . 5
79.1
1982
. 197
17 . 4
3806
120
. 0317
14 . 5
109
16.2
8 . 5
75.3
1983
.223
17 . 8
3763
118
. 0313
14 . 5
108
16.6
12 . 6
70.8
1984
.239
17 . 4
3782
118
. 0310
14 . 7
108
20.2
18 . 7
61. 1
1985
.254
17 . 5
3795
124
. 0326
14 . 1
110
23.3
20.0
56.6
1986
.283
18.2
3738
123
. 0330
14 . 0
110
24 . 0
17 . 8
58.2
1987
.278
18 . 3
3713
131
. 0351
13.3
113
26.9
21.1
51. 9
1988
.298
17 . 9
3841
141
. 0366
12 . 9
115
24 . 8
21.2
53. 9
1989
. 307
17 . 6
3921
146
. 0372
12 . 8
116
28 . 8
20.9
50.3
1990
. 302
17 . 4
4005
151
. 0377
12 . 6
117
33.2
18 . 6
48.2
1991
. 322
17 . 8
3948
150
. 0379
12 . 6
117
25.5
27 . 0
47 . 4
1992
. 334
17 . 4
4056
155
. 0382
12 . 5
118
30. 0
24 . 7
45.3
1993
. 360
17 . 5
4073
162
. 0398
12 . 1
120
30.3
27 . 6
42 . 1
1994
.404
17.2
4125
166
. 0403
12 . 0
121
24 . 8
28 . 4
46.7
1995
. 380
17 . 0
4184
168
. 0401
12 . 0
121
28 . 9
31. 6
39.5
1996
.400
17.2
4225
179
. 0423
11.5
124
26.8
36.0
37.2
1997
. 424
17 . 0
4344
187
. 0429
11.4
126
20.7
40.0
39.3
1998
. 449
17 . 1
4283
187
. 0435
11.2
126
23. 0
39. 8
37.2
1999
. 449
16.7
4412
197
. 0446
11. 0
128
21.4
41.4
37.2
2000
. 449
16.9
4375
197
. 0448
11. 0
128
22 . 7
42.2
35. 1
2001
.461
16.7
4463
209
. 0466
10. 6
131
17 . 1
47 . 9
35. 0
2002
.485
16.7
4546
219
. 0482
10.4
134
15. 9
53. 6
30.5
2003
.496
16.9
4586
221
. 0481
10.4
134
15.7
52 . 6
31. 6
2004
. 520
16.7
4710
236
. 0501
10. 0
137
11.7
57 . 7
30.7
2005
.495
17.2
4668
237
. 0505
10. 0
137
18 . 8
51. 9
29.2
2006
. 471
17 . 5
4665
235
. 0502
10. 0
137
16.4
52 . 8
30. 8
2007
. 475
17 . 7
4741
248
. 0521
9.7
140
12 . 1
58 . 9
29.0
2008
.480
18 . 1
4742
251
. 0526
9.7
141
11.3
61. 8
26.9
12
-------
Table 2 (Continued)
Vehicle Size and Design Characteristics of 1975 to 2008
Cars and Trucks
< Vehicle Characteristics: >
MODEL
SALES
ADJ
WGHT
ENG
HP/
0-60
TOP
YEAR
FRAC
COMP
LB
HP
WT
TIME
SPD
MPG
1975
1. 000
13. 1
4060
137
. 0335
14 . 1
112
1976
1. 000
14.2
4079
135
. 0328
14 . 3
111
1977
1. 000
15. 1
3982
136
. 0339
13. 8
112
1978
1. 000
15. 8
3715
129
. 0344
13. 6
112
1979
1. 000
15. 9
3655
124
. 0335
13. 9
110
1980
1. 000
19.2
3228
104
. 0320
14 . 3
107
1981
1. 000
20.5
3202
102
. 0318
14 . 4
107
1982
1. 000
21.1
3202
103
. 0320
14 . 4
107
1983
1. 000
21.0
3257
107
. 0327
14 . 1
108
1984
1. 000
21.0
3262
109
. 0332
14 . 0
109
1985
1. 000
21.3
3271
114
. 0347
13.5
110
1986
1. 000
21.8
3238
114
. 0351
13.4
111
1987
1. 000
22 . 0
3221
118
. 0361
13. 1
112
1988
1. 000
21.9
3283
123
. 0372
12 . 8
114
1989
1. 000
21.4
3351
129
. 0382
12 . 5
115
1990
1. 000
21.2
3426
135
. 0394
12.2
117
1991
1. 000
21.2
3410
138
. 0402
12 . 1
118
1992
1. 000
20.8
3512
145
. 0413
11. 8
120
1993
1. 000
20.9
3519
147
. 0416
11. 8
120
1994
1. 000
20.4
3603
152
. 0420
11.7
121
1995
1. 000
20.5
3613
158
. 0438
11.3
123
1996
1. 000
20.4
3659
164
. 0447
11. 1
125
1997
1. 000
20.1
3727
169
. 0452
11. 0
126
1998
1. 000
20.1
3744
171
. 0457
10. 9
126
1999
1. 000
19.7
3835
179
. 0465
10.7
128
2000
1. 000
19. 8
3821
181
. 0472
10. 6
129
2001
1. 000
19. 6
3879
187
. 0480
10.5
130
2002
1. 000
19.4
3951
195
. 0493
10.3
132
2003
1. 000
19. 6
3999
199
. 0496
10.2
133
2004
1. 000
19.3
4111
211
. 0511
9.9
135
2005
1. 000
19. 9
4059
209
. 0512
9.9
135
2006
1. 000
20.1
4067
213
. 0522
9.8
137
2007
1. 000
20.6
4094
218
. 0526
9.7
137
2008
1. 000
20.8
4117
222
. 0535
9.6
139
13
-------
Ton-MPG by Model Year
(Three Year Moving Average)
Ton-MPG
50
45
30
40
35
Care^t#*
25
* Trucks
20
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Model Year
Figure 5
As shown in Table 2, the average weight of the overall fleet has remained relatively constant since 2004,
with a slight increase in car weight offset by a small decrease in truck market share (as trucks have a higher
average weight than cars). Overall average horsepower has continued to increase, but at a slower rate than in
the past. The projected 2008 weight has increased by over 900 pounds and the average horsepower level has
more than doubled since the early 1980s.
The long term trends for both weight and performance have been steady increases. As shown in Figure
5, since 1975 Ton-MPG for both cars and trucks increased substantially; i.e., over 60% for cars and 80% for
trucks. Typically, Ton-MPG for both vehicle types has increased at a rate of about one or two percent a year.
Another dramatic trend over that time frame has been the substantial increase in performance of cars and
light trucks as measured by their estimated 0-to-60 time. These trends are shown graphically in Figure 6 (for
cars) and Figure 7 (for light trucks) which are plots of fuel economy versus performance, with model years as
indicated. Both graphs show the same story: in the late 1970s and early 1980s, responding to the regulatory
requirements for mpg improvement, the industry increased mpg and kept performance roughly constant. After
the regulatory mpg requirements stabilized, mpg improvements slowed and performance dramatically
improved. This trend toward increased performance is as important as the truck market share trend in
understanding trends in overall fleet mpg. Figures 8 and 9 are similar to Figures 6 and 7, but show the trends in
weight and laboratory fuel economy and show that the era of weight reductions that took place for both cars and
trucks between 1975 and the early 1980s has been followed by an era of weight increases until 2005.
14
-------
Car 55/45 Laboratory MPG vs 0 to 60 Time
by Model Year
55/45 Lab. MPG
30
2008
2000
1995
1989
25
1985 1980
20
1975.
15
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
0 to 60 Time (Sec.)
Figure 6
Truck 55/45 Laboratory MPG vs 0 to 60 Time
by Model Year
55/45 Lab. MPG
25
2008
1987
2000,
1995
1985
20
1990
1980
15
1975
1979
10
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
0 to 60 Time (Sec.)
Figure 7
15
-------
Car 55/45 Laboratory MPG vs Inertia Weight
by Model Year
55/45 Lab. MPG
30
1988.
2008
1985
2000
25
1980
1977
20
1979
.1975
15
2500 3000 3500 4000 4500
Inertia Weight
Figure 8
Truck 55/45 Laboratory MPG vs Inertia Weight
by Model Year
55/45 Lab. MPG
25
1987.
2000
-2008
20
1985
1990
1995
1980
15
1975
10
3500
4000
4500
5000
Inertia Weight
Figure 9
16
-------
IV. Trends by Vehicle Type, Size, and Weight
Table 1 showed that for the past several years trucks have accounted for about 50 percent of the light-
duty vehicles produced each year. MY2004 was the peak year for trucks with 52 percent market share, and
trucks have been between 47 and 50 percent since. Considering the five classes: cars, wagons, sports utility
vehicles (SUVs), vans, and pickups, since 1975 the biggest overall increase in market share has been for SUVs,
up from less than two percent in 1975 to just under 30 percent this year (see Figure 10 and Table 3). The
biggest overall decrease has been for cars, down from over 70 percent of the fleet in 1975 to 52 percent. By
comparison the sales fraction for pickup trucks has remained constant at 13-15 percent of the market.
Figures 11 to 15 compare sales fractions by vehicle type and size with the fleet again stratified into five
vehicle types: cars (i.e., coupes, sedans, and hatchbacks), station wagons, vans, SUVs, and pickup trucks; and
three vehicle sizes: small, midsize, and large. As shown in Figure 11, large cars accounted for about 20 percent
of all car sales in the late 1970s, but their share of the car market dropped in the early 1980s to about 12 percent
of the market where it remained for about two decades, but has since increased back to about 20 percent.
Within the car segment, the market share for small cars peaked in the late 1980s at about 65 percent and is now
lower than at anytime since 1975.
Sales Fraction by Vehicle Type
(Three Year Moving Average)
100%
Sales Fraction
¦SUV
80%
60%
40%
¦Car
20%
¦Wagon
-Van
¦Pickup
1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004
Model Year
Figure 10
17
-------
Large wagons accounted for more than 20 percent of the wagon segment of the market in the late 1970s
but then lost market share relatively consistently and were not produced at all between 1996 and 2004 when
they re-emerged. They now account for about 10 percent of all wagons, but less than one percent of all light
vehicles. Similarly (see Figure 13), large vehicles accounted for nearly 40 percent of all vans through the early
1980s compared to less than 10 percent the past five years. Small vans have never had a significant market
share, and none have been produced in recent years. Figures 14 and 15 show that the longer term trend of
increased market share for both large SUVs and pickups has levelled off in the last few years.
Table 3 compares the sales fractions by vehicle type and size on a different basis, that for the total
market. Since 1975, the largest increases in sales fractions have been for midsize and large SUVs. These two
classes are expected to account for nearly 25 percent of all light vehicles built this year, compared to combined
totals of about 1.3 and 4.5 percent in 1975 and 1988, respectively. Conversely, the largest sales fraction
decrease has occurred for small cars which accounted for 40 percent of all light-duty vehicles produced in 1975
and over 43 percent in 1988, but less than 20 percent this year. An overall decrease has occurred for large cars
which accounted for about 15 percent of total light-duty sales in 1975 and now account for about 10 percent.
Car Sales Fraction by Vehicle Size
(Three Year Moving Average)
Wagon Sales Fraction by Vehicle Size
(Three Year Moving Average)
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
Sales Fraction
~Small
~ Midsize
¦ Large
100%
80%
60%
Sales Fraction
~Small
~ Midsize
arge
40%
20%
1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004
Model Year
Figure 11
1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004
Model Year
Figure 12
18
-------
Van Sales Fraction by Vehicle Size
(Three Year Moving Average)
Sales Fraction
100u/o
CI Small
CI Midsize
1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004
Model Year
Figure 13
SUV Sales Fraction by Vehicle Size
(Three Year Moving Average)
Sales Fraction
100u/o
80%
60%
40%
20%
CI Small
CI Midsize
¦ Large
0%
1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004
Model Year
Figure 14
Pickup Sales Fraction by Vehicle Size
(Three Year Moving Average)
Sales Fraction
CI Small
~ Midsize
1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004
Model Year
Figure 15
19
-------
Table 3
Sales Fractions of MY1975, MY1988 and MY2008
Light Duty Vehicles by Vehicle Size and Type
Differences in Sales Fraction
Vehicle
Type
Size
Sales Fraction From 1975 From 1975 From 1988
1975 1988 2008 To 2008 To 1988 To 2008
Car
Small
Midsize
Large
40. OS
16. OS
15.2~i
43. 8=?
13. 8S
8 . 5S
19. 4S
17 . 7 S
10. OS
-20.
1.
-5.
3 . 9S
-2 . IS
-6. 7S
-24.5S
3 . 9S
1. 5S
All
71. IS
66. 2S
47 . IS
-24 . OS
-5 . OS
-19.IS
Wagon
Small
Midsize
Large
1 .IS
3 . 4 S
1. IS
0 . 5S
-1.
-1.
-1.
-3 . OS
-1. OS
-1. 4S
1.7S
-0 . 8S
0. OS
All
9.4s!
4 . OS
4 . 9k
-4 . 5S
-5 . 4S
0 . 9S
Van
Small
Midsize
Large
0 . OS
0. OS
5.3S
0.2S
0. OS
2 . 3S
-1.3S
0.
3.
-0.
-0.4S
-0. 9S
-0.7S
All
4 . 5S
7 . 4S
5.4S
1. OS
2 . 9S
-2 . OS
SUV
Small
Midsize
Large
0.5S
1.2S
0. IS
0.
16.
12 .
0.3S
15.3S
12.2S
-1. OS
12 . 5S
11. 9S
All
1.
6. 3S
29. 6S
27 . 8S
4 . 5S
23.3S
Pickup
Small
Midsize
Large
1. 6S
0.5S
11. OS
2.2S
6. 9S
7 . OS
0. OS
1. 6S
11.3S
-1. 6S
1. OS
0.3S
0.7S
6. 3S
-4 . IS
-2 .
-5.
4 .
All
13. IS
16. IS
12 . 9S
-0.2S
2 . 9S
-3.2S
All
Trucks
19.4S
29. 8S
48 . OS
28 . 5S
10.4S
18.2S
20
-------
Figures 16 through 20 show trends in performance, weight, and adjusted fuel economy for cars, wagons,
vans, SUVs, and pickups. For all five vehicle types, there has been a clear long term trend towards increased
weight, moderating since 2005 for wagons, vans, and SUVs.
Table 4 shows the lowest, average, and highest adjusted mpg performance by vehicle class and size for
three selected years. For both 1988 and 2008, the mpg performance is such that the midsize vehicles in all
classes, except pickups, have better fuel economy than the corresponding entry for small vehicles in 1975. In
Table 5, the percentage changes obtainable from the entries in Table 4 are presented. Average mpg for four
classes (midsize cars, large cars, midsize wagons, and midsize SUVs) have improved over 80 percent since
1975. Since 1988, average fuel economy has decreased for small cars, all wagons, small SUVs, and midsize
pickups and the largest improvements in average mpg has been over 20 percent for midsize and large SUVs,
respectively.
Fuel Economy and Performance
(Three Year Moving Average)
Cars
Fuel Economy and Performance
(Three Year Moving Average)
Wagons
MPG, 0 to 60 (sec.:
Inertia Weight (lbs.)
MPG, 0 to 60 (sec.:
Inertia Weight (lbs.)
5000
4500
4000
3500
3000
2500
2000
0 to 60 Time
Adjusted Composite MPG
Weight
0 to 60 Time
Adjusted Composite MPG
Weight
35
30
25
20
15
10
5 .... I .... I .... I .... I .... I .... I . . 2000
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Model Year
5000
4500
4000
3500
3000
2500
5 .... I .... I .... I .... I .... I .... I . . 2000
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Model Year
Figure 16
Figure 17
21
-------
Fuel Economy and Performance
(Three Year Moving Average)
Vans
MPG, 0 to 60 (sec.
Inertia Weight (lbs.)
Weight
Adjusted Composite MPG
5000
4500
4000
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Model Year
Fuel Economy and Performance
(Three Year Moving Average)
SUVs
35
30
25
MPG, 0 to 60 (sec.
Inertia Weight (lbs.)
3500 20
3000 15
2500 10
Weight
Adjusted Composite MPG
0 to 60 Time
5000
4500
4000
3500
3000
2500
2000 5 i i i i I i i i i I i i i i I i i i i I i i i i I i i i i I i i 2000
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Model Year
Figure 18
Figure 19
35
30
25
20
15
10
Fuel Economy and Performance
(Three Year Moving Average)
Pickups
MPG, 0 to 60 (sec.) Inertia Weight (lbs.)
Weighty
Adjusted Composite MPG
0 to 60 Time
5000
4500
4000
3500
3000
2500
2000
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Model Year
Figure 20
22
-------
Table 4
Lowest, Average and Highest Adjusted Fuel Economy by Vehicle Type and Size
Vehicle 1975 1988 2008
Type Size Low. Avg. High. Low. Avg. High. Low. Avg. High.
Car Small
Midsize
Large
All
8.6 15.6 28.3
8.6 11.6 18.4
8.4 11.2 14.6
8.4 13.4 28.3
7.5 25.7 54.4
10.5 22.6 27.7
10.0 20.6 26.0
7.5 24.2 54.4
10.1 25.0 42.9
12.0 24.9 46.2
12.1 21.6 26.1
10.1 24.2 46.2
Wagon Small
Midsize
Large
All
11.8 19.1 24.1
8.4 11.3 25.0
8.4 10.2 12.8
8.4 13.8 25.0
17.1 26.3 33.2
17.5 22.2 27.7
19.2 19.4 19.4
17.1 23.3 33.2
16.2 25.2 31.3
14.7 21.4 24.8
17.0 17.9 21.3
14.7 23.4 31.3
Van Small
Midsize
Large
All
16.2 17.5 18.5
8.2 11.3 18.4
8.9 10.7 14.5
8.2 11.1 18.5
15.5 20.6 25.0
11.3 18.4 23.4
9.9 14.3 16.8
9.9 17.9 25.0
14.3 19.9 23.0
14.3 16.0 17.4
14.3 19.7 23.0
SUV Small
Midsize
Large
All
10.2 13.7 16.3
8.2 10.2 18.4
7.9 10.3 13.7
7.9 11.0 18.4
15.6 20.4 27.7
10.2 16.5 23.6
12.2 14.0 18.8
10.2 17.2 27.7
16.9 18.2 23.2
12.7 20.0 31.5
12.2 17.2 21.5
12.2 18.7 31.5
Pickup Small
Midsize
Large
All
13.0 19.2 20.8
17.8 17.9 18.0
7.6 11.1 18.5
7.6 11.9 20.8
13.3 21.0 24.6
15.3 21.3 25.9
9.8 15.2 21.0
9.8 18.1 25.9
15.4 19.0 23.7
13.0 16.0 21.3
13.0 16.3 23.7
All
Cars
8.4
13.5
28.3
7.5
24.1
54.4
10.1
24.1
46.2
All Trucks 7.6 11.6 20.8 9.8 17.9 27.7 12.2 18.1 31.5
All Vehicles 7.6 13.1 28.3 7.5 21.9 54.4 10.1 20.8 46.2
23
-------
Table 5
Percent Change in Lowest, Average and Highest Adjusted Fuel Economy
by Vehicle Type and Size
Vehicle From 1975 to 2008 From 1975 to 1988 From 1988 to 2008
Type Size Low. Avg. High. Low. Avg. High. Low. Avg. High.
Car Small
Midsize
Large
All
17% 60% 52%
40% 115% 151%
44% 93% 79%
20% 81% 63%
-12% 65% 92%
22% 95% 51%
19% 84% 78%
-10% 81% 92%
35% -2% -20%
14% 10% 67%
21% 5% 0%
35% 0% -14%
Wagon Small
Midsize
Large
All
37% 32% 30%
75% 89% 0%
102% 75% 66%
75% 70% 25%
45% 38% 38%
108% 96% 11%
129% 90% 52%
104% 69% 33%
-4% -3% -5%
-15% -3% -9%
-10% -7% 10%
-13% 0% -5%
Van Small
Midsize
Large
All
74% 76% 25%
61% 50% 20%
74% 77% 24%
3o 1 Q o. q r o
o ± O o •_> D o
38% 63% 27%
11% 34% 16%
21% 61% 35%
27% 8% -1%
44% 12% 4%
44% 10% -7%
SUV Small
Midsize
Large
All
66% 33% 42%
55% 96% 71%
54% 67% 57%
54% 70% 71%
53% 49% 70%
24% 62% 28%
54% 36% 37%
29% 56% 51%
8% -10% -15%
25% 21% 33%
0% 23% 14%
20% 9% 14%
Pickup Small
Midsize
Large
All
-12% 6% 32%
71% 44% 15%
71% 37% 14%
2% 9% 18%
-13% 19% 44%
29% 37% 14%
29% 52% 25%
1% -10% -7%
OOQ. r o -1 o.
o D o ± o
33% -9% -7%
All Cars 20% 79% 63% -10% 79% 92% 35% 0% -14^
All Trucks 61% 56% 51% 29% 54% 33% 24% 1% 14^
All Vehicles 33% 59% 63% 0% 67% 92% 35% -4% -14^
24
-------
Cars and light trucks with conventional drivetrains have a fuel consumption and weight relationship
which is well known and is shown on Figures 21 and 22. Fuel consumption increases linearly with weight.
Because vehicles with different propulsion systems, i.e., diesels and hybrids, occupy a different place on such a
fuel consumption and weight plot, the data for hybrid and diesel vehicles are plotted separately and excluded
from the regression lines shown on the graphs. At constant weight, MY2008 cars consume about 30 to 40
percent less fuel per mile than their MY1975 counterparts
On this same constant weight basis, this year's cars with diesel engines nominally consume 20-25
percent less fuel than the conventionally powered ones, while this year's hybrid cars are about 30-40 percent
better. Similarly, at constant weight this year's conventionally powered trucks achieve about 40 percent better
fuel consumption than MY1975 vehicles did.
Figures 23 and 24 show that the relationship between interior volume and fuel consumption is currently
not as important as it used to be. The data points on both of these graphs exclude two seaters and represent
sales weighted average fuel consumption calculated at increments of 1.0 cu. ft. As was done for Figures 21 and
22, the data points for hybrid and diesel vehicles were plotted separately from that for the conventionally
powered vehicles.
Figures 25 and 26 show the improvement that occurred between 1975 and 2007 for fuel consumption as a
function of 0-to-60 time for cars and trucks. Figures 27 and 28 compare Ton-MPG data versus 0-to-60 time and
show that at constant vehicle performance, there has been substantial improvement in Ton-mpg, particularly for
hybrid and diesel vehicles.
25
-------
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Consumption
vs Inertia Weight
MY1975 and MY2008 Cars
Gal /100 miles
12
O 2008
O Hybrids
~ Diesels
~ 1975
1975
10
8
2008
6
4
2
0
1500
2500
3500
I 4500
Inertia Weight
5500
6500
7500
Figure 21
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Consumption
vs Inertia Weight
MY1975 and MY2008 Trucks
Gal /100 miles
12
O 2008
O Hybrids
• Diesels
~ 1975
1975
10
8
2008
6
4
2
0
1500
2500
3500
I 4500
Inertia Weight
5500
6500
7500
Figure 22
26
-------
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Consumption
vs Interior Volume
MY1978 Cars
Gal /100 miles
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
60 80 100 120 140 160 180
Interior Volume
Figure 23
n Conventional
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Consumption
vs Interior Volume
MY2008 Cars
Gal /100 miles
12 -r-
¦ Hybrids
* Diesels
~ Conventional
8
6
0 i i i I i i i I i i i I i i i I i i i I i i i
60 80 100 120 140 160 180
Interior Volume
Figure 24
27
-------
Table 6
Adjusted Fuel Consumption (Gal./100 miles) by Vehicle Type and Size
Vehicle
Type
Size
Low.
1975
Avg.
High.
Low.
1988
Avg.
High.
Low.
2008
Avg.
High.
Car
Small
Midsize
Large
All
11.6
11.6
11.9
11.9
6.4
8 . 6
8.9
7.5
3.5
5.4
6.8
3.5
13.3
9.5
10.0
13.3
3.9
4.4
4.9
4.1
1.8
3.6
3.8
1.8
9.9
8.3
8.3
9.9
4.0
4.0
4.6
4.1
2.3
2.2
3.8
2.2
Wagon
Small
Midsize
Large
All
8.5
11.9
11.9
11.9
5.2
8.8
9.8
7.2
4.1
4.0
7.8
4.0
5.8
5.7
5.2
5.8
3.8
4.5
5.2
4.3
3.0
3.6
5.2
3.0
6.2
6.8
5.9
6.8
4.0
4.7
5.6
4.3
3.2
4.0
4.7
3.2
Van
Small
Midsize
Large
All
6.2
12.2
11.2
12.2
5.7
8.8
9.3
9.0
5.4
5.4
6.9
5.4
6.5
8.8
10.1
10.1
4.9
5.4
7.0
5 . 6
4.0
4.3
6.0
4.0
7.0
7.0
7.0
5.0
6.3
5.1
4.3
5.7
4.3
SUV
Small
Midsize
Large
All
9.8
12 .2
12 .7
12 .7
7.3
9.8
9.7
9.1
6.1
5.4
7.3
5.4
6.4
9.8
8.2
9.8
4.9
6.1
7.1
5.8
3.6
4.2
5.3
3.6
5.9
7.9
8.2
8.2
5.5
5.0
5.8
5.3
4.3
3.2
4.7
3.2
Pickup
Small
Midsize
Large
All
7.7
5 . 6
13.2
13.2
5.2
5 . 6
9.0
8.4
4.8
5.6
5.4
4.8
7.5 4.8
6.5 4.7
10.2 6.6
10.2 5.5
4.1
3.9
4.8
3.9
6.5
7.7
7.7
5.3
6.3
6.1
4.2
4.7
4.2
All
Cars
11.9 7.4
3.5
13.3 4.1
l.i
9.9
4.1
2.2
All
Trucks
13.2 8.6
4.8
10.2 5.6
3.6
i .2
5.5
3.2
All
Vehicles
13.2 7.6
3.5
13.3 4.6
l.i
9.9
4.8
2.2
28
-------
Table 7
Percent Change* in Adjusted Fuel Consumption by Vehicle Type and Size
Vehicle
Type Size
Car Small
Midsize
Large
All
From 1975 to 2008
Low Avg. High
15% 38% 34%
28% 53% 59%
30% 48% 44%
17% 45% 37%
From 1975 to 1988
Low Avg. High.
-15% 39% 49%
18% 49% 33%
16% 45% 44%
-12% 45% 49%
From 1988 to 2008
Low Avg. High
26% -3% -28%
13% 9% 39%
17% 6% 0%
26% 0% -22%
Wagon Small
Midsize
Large
All
27% 23% 22%
43% 47% 0%
50% 43% 40%
43% 40% 20%
32% 27% 27%
52% 49% 10%
56% 47% 33%
51% 40% 25%
-7%
-5%
-7
-19%
-4%
-11
-13%
-8%
10
-17%
0%
-7
Van Small
Midsize
Large
All
43% 43% 20%
38% 32% 17%
43% 43% 20%
-5% 14% 26%
28% 39% 20%
10% 25% 13%
17% 38% 26%
20% 7% 0%
31% 10% 5%
31% 9% -8%
SUV Small
Midsize
Large
All
40% 25% 30%
35% 49% 41%
35% 40% 36%
35% 42% 41%
35% 33% 41%
20% 38% 22%
35% 27% 27%
23% 36% 33%
8%
-12%
-19
19%
18%
24
0%
18%
11
16%
9%
11
Pickup Small
Midsize
Large
All
-16% 5% 25%
42% 30% 13%
42% 27% 13%
3%
8%
15
-16%
16%
30
23%
27%
11
23%
35%
19
0% -13% -8%
25% 5% 2%
25% -11% -8%
All
Cars
17?
45?
37?
-12?
45?
49?
2 6?
-22?
All Trucks 38% 36% 33% 23% 35% 25% 20% 2% 11?
All Vehicles 25% 37% 37% -1% 39% 49% 26% -4% -22?
*Note: A Negative Change indicates that the fuel consumption has increased.
29
-------
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Consumption
vs 0 to 60 Time
MY1975 and MY2008 Cars
Gal 1100 miles
12
~ 1975
1975
10
«2008
¦ Hybrids
~ Diesels
8
2008
6
4
2
0
4
6
8
10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
0 to 60 Time (Sec.)
Figure 25
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Consumption
vs 0 to 60 Time
MY1975 and MY2008 Trucks
Gal 1100 miles
1975
~ 1975
o 2008
~ D
¦ Hybrids
~ ~ ""¦t
2008
~
~ n
~
~ Diesels
/
~
~
¦ ~ ~
" ¦ #
k.
4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
0 to 60 Time (Sec.)
Figure 26
30
-------
Ton-MPG vs 0 to 60 Time
MY1975 and MY2008 Cars
Ton-MPG
100
~ 1975
« 2008
80
¦ Hybrids
60
* Diesels
2008
40
20
1975
0 5 10 15 20 25
0 to 60 Time (Sec.)
Figure 27
Ton-MPG vs 0 to 60 Time
MY1975 and MY2008 Trucks
Ton-MPG
100
~ 1975
o 2008
80
¦ Hybrids
60
~ Diesels
2008
40
20
1975
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 to 60 Time (Sec.)
Figure 28
31
-------
Figure 29 and Table 8 show some of the changes in the distribution of inertia weight that have occurred over
the years for the light-duty fleet. In 1975, 13 percent of all light-duty vehicles had inertia weights of less than 3000
lb compared to 5 percent in 2007. Since 1988, market share for vehicles with weight of 5000 pounds or more has
increased from 3 percent to 21 percent.
30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
Figure 2 9
Table 8
Light Vehicle Sales Fraction
by Inertia Weight Class
for Three Model Years
Inertia
<
Model Year
>
Weight
1975
1988
2008
<3000
13. 4%
27 .2%
4.7%
3000
8.7%
25 .4%
10 . 9%
3500
10. 6%
25 .2%
21.2%
4000
20. 6%
13.2%
25 .4%
4500
21.3%
6.0%
16.9%
5000
16.7%
2 . 4%
8.3%
5500
8.7%
. 5%
6.0%
>5500
. 0%
. 0%
6.7%
Avg Wt.
4060
3283
4117
Distribution of Light Vehicle Inertia Weight For Three Model Years
Sales Fraction
~ 1975 CM 988 B2008
1750 2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500
Inertia Weight
32
-------
Figures 30 through 34 provide an indication of the market share of different weight vehicles within the
different classes. Trends within classes are shown which underlie the increasing weight shown by the fleet as a
whole. In 1975, about 40 percent of the cars had an inertia weight of 4500 lb or more compared to about 5
percent this year. For MY2008, three weight classes (3000, 3500 and 4000 lbs) account for over 90 percent of
all cars. Conversely, the market share of trucks in the inertia weight classes of 4500 lb or more have increased
substantially, and these vehicles currently account for over 70 percent of all trucks, compared to about 30
percent in 1975. Figures 32, 33, and 34 provide additional details of the truck data presented in Figure 31 for
vans, SUVs, and pickups respectively. Appendixes D, E, and F contain a series of tables describing light-duty
vehicles at the vehicle size/type level of stratification in more detail; Appendix G provides similar data by
vehicle type and inertia weight class.
Car Market Share by Inertia Weight Class
(Three Year Moving Average)
Market Share (%)
100%
<2750
>4000
75%
50%
25%
1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004
Model Year
Truck Market Share by Inertia Weight Class
(Three Year Moving Average)
100%
75%
50%
Market Share (%)
<3500
>4500
25%
Figure 30
1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004
Model Year
Figure 31
33
-------
Van Market Share by Inertia Weight Class
(Three Year Moving Average)
30%
25%
20%
15%
Market Share (%)
<3500
>4000
10%
1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004
Model Year
Figure 32
SUV Market Share by Inertia Weight Class
(Three Year Moving Average)
30%
Market Share (%)
4500
<4500
|>5000 |
25% -
20%
15%-
10%
I ¦ ¦ • I
1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004
Model Year
Figure 33
Pickup Market Share by Inertia Weight Class
(Three Year Moving Average)
Market Share (%)
30%
25%
20%
15%
11500
10%
5%
0%
4500
<3500
>4500
4000
0%
1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004
Model Year
Figure 34
34
-------
V. Technology Trends
Table 9 repeats the sales fraction and adjusted composite fuel economy data from Tables 1 and 2 and
adds three measures of powertrain information: engine displacement (CID), horsepower (HP), and specific
power (HP/CID). This table also includes sales fraction data giving the percent of vehicles that: have front-
(FWD) or four-wheel drive (4wd); have manual, lockup, or continuously variable (CVT) transmissions; have
port or throttle body fuel injection (TBI) or are Diesels; are equipped with engines that have more than two
valves per cylinder; use variable valve timing (VVT); have turbochargers; and use hybrid vehicle technology.
For the overall MY2008 fleet, FWD continues to account for about one-half of the market and 4wd for
nearly 30 percent. With transmissions, manuals remain less than 10 percent of the market, while CVTs have
grown to 8 percent. Nearly 80 percent of the MY2008 fleet has multi-valve engines, and nearly 60 percent use
VVT, both all-time highs. Turbochargers are used on about 2.5 percent of the fleet. Hybrids also represent
about 2.5 percent of the fleet, the highest ever, while diesels represent just 0.1 percent of the MY2008 sales.
Appendix K contains additional data on fuel metering and number of valves per cylinder.
Table 10 compares technology usage for MY2008 by vehicle type and size. As discussed earlier,
wheelbase is used in this report to distinguish whether a truck is small, mid-size, or large, and four EPA car
classes (Two-Seater, Minicompact, Compact, and Subcompact) have been combined to form the small car class.
For this table, the car classes are separated into cars and station wagons, so that the table stratifies light-duty
vehicles into a total of 15 vehicle types and sizes. Note that this table does not contain any data for small vans
and small pickups, because none have been produced for several years.
Front-wheel drive (FWD) is used heavily in all of the car classes, in small wagons and in midsize vans.
By comparison, none of this year's pickups or large vans will have front-wheel drive, and it is used less often in
SUVs or large vans than in midsize wagons. Conversely, four-wheel drive (4WD) is used heavily in SUVs and
pickups. A large portion of the midsize and large wagons also have 4WD, but very little use of it is made in
vans and cars.
Manual transmissions are used primarily in small vehicles and midsize pickups. Similarly, usage of
engines with more than two valves per cylinder is more prevalent on small and midsize vehicles than on larger
ones.
Detailed tabulations of different technology types, including technology usage percentages for other
model years, can be found in the Appendixes.
35
-------
Table 9
Powertrain Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Light Duty Vehicles (Percentage Basis)
MODEL SALES ADJ ENGINE HP/ DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING Multi Turbo
YEAR FRAC COMP CID HP CID Front 4wd Manual Lock CVT GDI Port TBI Dsl Valve WT Chrgd Hybrid
MPG
1975
.806
13.5
288
136
515
6
5
19. 9
5
1
2
1976
.788
14 9
287
134
502
5
8
17 .1
3
2
3
1977
.800
15. 6
279
133
516
6
8
16.8
4
2
5
1978
.773
16. 9
251
124
538
9
6
20.2
6
7
5
1
9
1979
.778
17 . 2
238
119
545
11
9
3
22 . 3
8
0
4
7
2
1
1980
. 835
20.0
188
100
583
29
7
9
31. 9
16
5
6
2
7
4
4
1981
. 827
21. 4
182
99
594
37
0
7
30. 4
33
3
6
1
2
6
5
9
1982
.803
22 . 2
175
99
609
45
6
8
29.7
51
4
7
2
9
8
4
7
1983
.777
22 .1
182
104
615
47
3
3
1
26.5
56
7
9
5
18
9
2
1
1984
.761
22 . 4
179
106
637
53
7
1
0
24 1
58
3
15
0
24
4
1
7
1985
.746
23. 0
177
111
671
61
6
2
1
22 . 8
58
7
21
4
32
0
9
1986
.717
23.7
167
111
701
71
1
1
1
24 8
58
0
36
7
28
4
3
4 . 8
1987
.722
23. 8
162
112
732
77
0
1
1
24 9
59
5
42
5
30
5
3
14 7
1988
.702
24 1
160
116
759
81
7
8
24 3
6 6
1
53
7
30
0
19. 9
1989
.693
23.7
163
121
783
82
5
1
0
21. 0
69
3
1
62
4
27
8
0
24 4
1990
.698
23.3
163
129
829
84
6
1
0
19.6
72
9
0
77
5
21
1
0
33. 0
6
1991
. 678
23. 4
163
132
851
83
2
1
4
20.5
73
5
0
78
0
21
8
1
34 .1
2
4
1992
.666
23.1
170
141
868
80
8
1
1
17 . 4
76
4
89
5
10
4
1
35. 0
4
6
1993
. 640
23.5
166
138
865
85
1
1
2
17 . 8
77
0
91
6
8
4
36.7
4
8
1994
.596
23.3
168
143
884
84
4
4
16.7
79
3
94
9
5
1
41. 0
8
0
1995
. 620
23. 4
167
152
945
82
0
1
2
16.3
81
9
98
8
1
2
1
52 . 2
9
8
1996
. 600
23.3
165
154
958
86
5
1
5
14 8
83
6
0
98
8
1
1
1
57 . 3
11
7
0.3
1997
. 576
23. 4
164
156
974
86
5
1
7
13.5
85
8
1
99
1
8
1
58 . 6
11
3
0.7
1998
. 551
23. 4
164
159
993
87
0
2
3
12 . 3
87
3
1
99
7
1
2
61. 4
18
4
2 4
1999
. 551
23. 0
166
164
1
009
87
2
2
2
10. 9
88
4
0
99
7
1
2
64 . 6
17
1
3.3
2000
. 551
22 . 9
165
168
1
032
84
9
2
1
11. 2
87
7
0
99
7
1
2
65.1
23
4
2 3
1
2001
. 539
23. 0
165
168
1
042
84
1
3
2
11. 4
87
5
2
99
7
3
67 . 2
28
3
3.6
0
2002
. 515
23.1
166
173
1
066
84
9
3
8
11. 2
88
1
4
99
6
4
6 9.9
33
9
4 2
3
2003
. 504
23.2
166
176
1
086
81
7
3
8
11.1
87
9
9
99
6
4
73.5
41
2
2 1
6
2004
.480
23.1
168
182
1
106
80
8
5
4
10.2
88
2
1
4
99
7
3
77 . 2
44
2
4 0
9
2005
. 505
23.5
166
182
1
115
79
8
5
8
9.3
88
0
2
6
99
6
4
78.2
51
6
2 7
2
1
2006
. 529
23.3
172
194
1
146
75
8
5
8
9.4
88
1
2
4
99
4
6
80.8
60
6
3.6
1
5
2007
. 525
24 1
167
190
1
150
80
4
5
6
8 . 7
81
6
9
7
99
9
1
84 . 6
65
5
3. 9
3
4
2008
. 520
24 1
168
196
1
173
77
9
7
1
10.3
78
9
10
8 3.3
96
7
0
89.2
64
1
3.8
3
7
36
-------
Table 9 (continued)
Trucks
Powertrain Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Light Duty Vehicles (Percentage Basis)
MODEL
SALES
ADJ
ENGINE
HP/
DRIVETRAIN
TRANSMISSION
FUEL
METERING
Multi
YEAR
FRAC
COMP
CID
HP
CID
Front
4wd
Manual
Lock
CVT
GDI
Port
TBI
Dsl
Valve
MPG
1975
.194
11
6
311
142
.476
17 .1
37 . 0
. 1
1976
. 212
12
2
319
141
.458
22 . 9
34 . 8
. 1
1977
.200
13
3
318
147
.482
23. 6
32 . 0
. 1
1978
. 227
12
9
314
146
.481
29.0
32 . 4
. 1
8
1979
. 222
12
5
298
138
.486
18 . 0
35.2
2 1
. 3
1.
8
1980
.165
15
8
248
121
. 528
1
4
25. 0
53. 0
24 . 6
1. 7
3.
5
1981
. 173
17
1
247
119
. 508
1
9
20.1
51. 6
31 1
1.1
5.
6
1982
.197
17
4
243
120
. 524
1
7
20.0
45.7
33.2
. 7
9.
3
1983
. 223
17
8
231
118
. 543
1
4
25. 8
45. 9
36.1
. 6
4 .
7
1984
. 239
17
4
224
118
. 557
4
9
31. 0
42 .1
35.1
1. 9
. 6
2 .
3
1985
. 254
17
5
224
124
. 586
7
1
30. 6
37 .1
42 . 2
8 . 7
3.5
1.
1
1986
.283
18
2
211
123
. 621
5
9
30.3
42 . 7
42 . 0
21. 8
18 . 7
7
1987
. 278
18
3
210
131
. 654
7
4
31. 5
39. 9
44.8
33.3
33. 6
3
1988
.298
17
9
227
141
. 650
9
0
33.3
35.5
53.1
43.3
44.4
2
1989
. 307
17
6
234
146
. 653
9
9
32 . 0
32 . 7
en
CO
45. 9
47 6
2
1990
. 302
17
4
237
151
. 668
15
5
31. 3
28 .1
67 4
55.2
40.8
2
1991
. 322
17
8
228
150
. 681
9
7
35.3
31. 0
67 4
CJl
en
o
43.2
1
1992
. 334
17
4
234
155
. 685
13
6
31. 4
27 . 3
71 . 5
65. 9
32 . 5
1
1993
. 360
17
5
235
162
.710
15
1
29.4
23.3
75 . 7
73.4
25.7
1994
.404
17
2
239
166
.717
13
1
<£>
CO
23.5
75.1
77 . 2
22 . 5
5.6
1995
. 380
17
0
244
168
.715
17
7
40.7
20.5
78.6
79.8
20.2
8 . 4
1996
.400
17
2
243
179
.757
20
1
37 . 1
15. 6
83.5
99.9
1
12 . 4
1997
.424
17
0
248
187
.775
13
9
43.2
14 . 6
85. 0
100. 0
0
13.7
1998
.449
17
1
242
187
.795
18
7
42 . 0
13. 4
86.0
100. 0
0
15. 8
1999
.449
16
7
249
197
. 814
17
4
44.6
9.1
90.5
100. 0
17 . 3
2000
.449
16
9
242
197
. 832
19
4
42 . 4
8 . 0
91 7
100. 0
19. 9
2001
.461
16
7
243
209
.882
18
5
43.8
6.3
93. 4
100. 0
27 . 6
2002
.485
16
7
244
219
. 918
18
5
47 . 6
4 . 9
94 7
0
100. 0
35. 6
2003
.496
16
9
243
221
. 927
19
2
46.5
4 . 8
93.7
1
2
100. 0
37 . 2
2004
. 520
16
7
252
236
. 953
17
2
52 . 3
3.7
95. 0
1
0
100. 0
48.4
2005
.495
17
2
244
237
. 983
25
7
48.3
3.0
CJl
O
2
0
9 9.9
1
52 . 8
2006
.471
17
5
240
235
. 992
25
1
48.4
3.2
93.5
3
3
9 9.9
1
61. 4
2007
.475
17
7
245
248
1. 031
24
8
48.9
2 . 5
94 1
3
4
9 9.9
1
56.3
2008
.480
18
1
240
251
1. 060
26
6
50.2
2 . 7
92 7
4
6
1 . 2
98 . 5
2
64 . 5
WT
Turbo
Chrgd Hybrid
4 . 7
9.3
16.2
19.8
0
2
31. 6
0
8
39.8
0
6
. 1
49.6
0
5
1. 4
47 . 9
1
3
. 9
CJl
o
CO
1
0
1. 2
37
-------
Table 9 (continued)
Powertrain Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Light Duty Vehicles (Percentage Basis)
Cars and Trucks
40DEL
SALES
ADJ
ENGINE
HP/
DRIVETRAIN
TRANSMISSION
EUEL
METERING
Multi
Turbo
-'EAR
ERAC
COMP
CID
HP
CID
Eront
4wd
Manual
Lock
CVT
GDI
Port
TBI
Dsl
Valve
WT Chrgd
MPG
1975
1
. 000
13.1
293
137
. 507
5.3
3.3
23.2
4
1
2
1976
1
. 000
14 2
294
135
.493
4 . 6
4 . 8
20. 9
2
5
0
2
1977
1
. 000
15.1
287
136
. 510
5.5
4 . 7
19.8
3
4
0
4
1978
1
. 000
15. 8
266
129
. 525
7 . 4
6 . 6
23. 0
5.2
3
9
0
9
1979
1
. 000
15. 9
252
124
. 532
9.2
4 . 3
25.1
6.7
3
7
1
2 .
0
1980
1
. 000
19.2
198
104
. 574
25. 0
4 . 9
35. 4
17 . 8
5
2
8
4 .
3
1981
1
. 000
20.5
193
102
. 580
31. 0
4 . 0
34 1
33. 0
5
1
2 .
4
5.
9
1982
1
. 000
21.1
188
103
.593
37 . 0
4 . 6
32 8
47 . 8
5
8
8 .
0
5.
6
1983
1
. 000
21. 0
193
107
.599
37 . 0
8 .1
30. 8
52 .1
7
3
14 .
8
2 .
7
1984
1
. 000
21. 0
190
109
. 618
42 .1
8 . 2
28 . 4
52 . 8
11
9
18 .
7
1.
8
1985
1
. 000
21. 3
189
114
. 650
47 . 8
9.3
26.5
54 . 5
18
2
24 .
8
9
1986
1
. 000
21. 8
180
114
. 678
52 . 6
9.3
29.8
53.5
32
5
25.
7
4
1987
1
. 000
22 . 0
175
118
.710
57 . 7
9.6
29.1
55. 4
39
9
31.
4
3
1988
1
. 000
21. 9
180
123
.726
60. 0
10.5
27 6
62 . 2
50
6
34 .
3
1
1989
1
. 000
21. 4
185
129
.743
60.2
10.5
24 . 6
65.5
. 1
57
3
33.
9
1
1990
1
. 000
21. 2
185
135
.781
63. 8
10.1
22 2
71. 2
. 0
70
8
27 .
0
1
1991
1
. 000
21. 2
184
138
.796
59.6
12 . 3
23. 9
71 . 6
. 0
70
6
28 .
7
1
1992
1
. 000
20.8
191
145
.807
58 . 4
11. 2
20.7
74.8
81
6
17 .
8
1
1993
1
. 000
20. 9
191
147
.809
59. 9
11. 3
19.8
76.5
85
0
14 .
6
1994
1
. 000
20.4
197
152
. 816
55.6
15.2
19.5
77 . 6
87
7
12 .
1
26.7
1995
1
. 000
20.5
196
158
. 857
57 . 6
16.2
17 9
80.7
91
6
8 .
4
0
35. 6
1996
1
. 000
20.4
197
164
. 878
60. 0
15.7
15.1
83.5
99
3
7
1
39.3
0.2
1997
1
. 000
20.1
199
169
.890
55. 8
19.3
14 . 0
85.5
. 0
99
5
5
1
39.6
0.4
1998
1
. 000
20.1
199
171
. 904
56. 4
20.1
12 8
86.7
. 0
99
8
1
1
40. 9
1. 4
1999
1
. 000
19.7
203
179
. 921
55. 8
21. 3
10.1
89.4
. 0
99
9
1
1
43.4
1. 8
2000
1
. 000
19.8
200
181
. 942
55.5
20.2
9.7
89.5
. 0
99
8
0
1
44.8
15.0 1.3
2001
1
. 000
19.6
201
187
. 968
53. 8
21. 9
9.0
90.2
. 1
99
9
1
49.0
19.6 2.0
2002
1
. 000
19.4
203
195
. 994
52 . 7
25. 0
8 1
91. 3
. 2
99
8
2
53.3
25.3 2.2
2003
1
. 000
19.6
204
199
1
. 007
50.7
25. 0
8 0
90. 8
1 . 1
99
8
2
55. 5
30.6 1.2
2004
1
. 000
19.3
212
211
1
. 026
47 . 7
29.8
6.8
91. 8
1 . 2
99
9
1
62 . 3
37 . 6 2.3
2005
1
. 000
19. 9
205
209
1
. 049
53. 0
26.8
6.2
91. 4
2 . 3
99
7
3
65. 6
en
CO
1—1
-J
2006
1
. 000
20.1
204
213
1
. 073
51. 9
25. 8
6.5
90. 6
2 . 8
99
6
4
71. 7
55.4 2.1
2007
1
. 000
20.6
204
218
1
.094
54 . 0
26.1
5.8
87 . 5
6.7
99
9
1
71.2
57 . 2 2.6
2008
1
. 000
20.8
203
222
1
. 119
53.3
27 . 8
6.7
85.5
7 . 8
2 . 3
97
6
1
77 . 4
57.7 2.5
. 5
1.1
1. 5
2 . 2
2 . 5
38
-------
Table 10
MY2008 Technology Usage by Vehicle Type and Size
(Percent of Vehicle Type/Size Strata)
Vehicle
Type
Size
Front
Wheel
Drive
Four
Wheel
Drive
Manual
Trans%
Multi-
Valve
Variable
Valve
Car
Small
Midsize
Large
74?
8 6?
72?
19?
4?
1?
93
92
72
64?
73?
57?
All
78?
10?
66?
Wagon
Small
Midsize
Large
90?
33?
54?
10?
52?
42?
23?
6?
100
100
86
58?
23?
1?
All
74?
22?
17?
99?
45?
Van
Small
Midsize
Large
0?
96?
0?
3?
20?
0
76
0
0?
45?
All
93?
74?
44?
SUV
Small
Midsize
Large
32?
20?
89?
59?
58?
28?
2?
0?
23
85
61
2?
63?
53?
All
2 6?
59?
73?
57?
Pickup
Small
Midsize
Large
0?
28?
52?
0?
26?
2?
0
70
37
0?
53?
53?
All
49?
41?
40?
39
-------
Figures 35 through 39 show trends in drive use for the five vehicle classes. Cars used to be nearly all
rear-wheel drive; from 1988 to 2004 they were over 80 percent front-wheel drive with a small four-wheel
(4WD) drive fraction. In recent years, there has been an increase in the use of rear wheel drive from less than
12 percent in 1998 to 16 percent this year, and a slight increase in the use of four wheel drive in cars with use of
this technology increasing from about 2 percent in the late 1990s to 6 percent this year. Only a small
percentage of wagons still have rear-wheel drive, but in recent years they have made substantial use of 4WD.
The trend towards increased use of front wheel drive for vans is very similar to that for cars, except it
started a few years later and appears to be continuing. Over 90 percent of vans currently use front-wheel drive,
compared to essentially none before 1984. SUVs are mostly 4WD; but a trend toward front-wheel drive SUVs
started in MY2000. Pickups remain the bastion of rear-wheel drive with the increasing amount of 4WD the
only other drive option. Except for a brief period in the early 1980s, front-wheel drive has not been used in
pickups.
Front, Rear and Four Wheel Drive Usage
(Three Year Moving Average)
Cars
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
Sales Fraction
~ Rear
4wd
~ Front
Front, Rear and Four Wheel Drive Usage
(Three Year Moving Average)
Wagons
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
Sales Fraction
~ Rear
4wd
~ Front
1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004
Model Year
1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004
Model Year
Figure 35
Figure 36
40
-------
Front, Rear and Four Wheel Drive Usage
(Three Year Moving Average)
Vans
Sales Fraction
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
~ Rear
4wd
~ Front
1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004
Model Year
Figure 37
Front, Rear and Four Wheel Drive Usage
(Three Year Moving Average)
SUVs
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
Sales Fraction
~ Rear
4wd
~ Front
0%
1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004
Model Year
Figure 38
Front, Rear and Four Wheel Drive Usage
(Three Year Moving Average)
Pickups
100%
80%
Sales Fraction
~ Rear
~ 4wd
~ Front
60%
40%
20%
0%
1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004
Model Year
Figure 39
41
-------
The increasing trend in Ton-MPG shown in Table 1 can be attributed to better vehicle design, including
more efficient engines, better transmission designs, and better matching of the engine and transmission.
Powertrains are matched to the load better when the engine operates closer to its best efficiency point more of
the time. For many conventional engines, this point is approximately 2000 RPM and 2/3 of the maximum
torque at that speed. One way to make the engine operate more closely to its best efficiency point is to increase
the number of gears in the transmission and, for automatic transmissions, employing a lockup torque converter.
Three important changes in transmission design have occurred in recent years:
1) the use of additional gears for both automatic and manual transmissions,
2) for the automatics, conversion to lockup (L3, L4, L5, L6 and now L7) torque converter transmissions,
and
3) the use of continuously variable transmissions (CVTs).
Table 11 compares Ton-MPG by transmission and vehicle type for 1988, the peak year for passenger car
fuel economy, and this year. In 1988, every transmission type shown in the table achieved less than 40 Ton-
MPG. This year, nearly every transmission type achieves at least 40 Ton-MPG. Figures 40 to 43 indicate that
the L4 transmission is losing its position as the predominant transmission type for all vehicle classes. Use of the
L4 transmission for cars peaked at about 80 percent in 1999 and is now down to about 40 percent. Similarly, its
use peaked at over 90 percent in 1996 for SUVs and has dropped below the 40 percent level. Over half of this
year's pickups will still have L4 transmissions, as will about 50 percent of the vans. Where manual
transmissions are used, the 5-speed (M5) transmission now predominates.
Transmissions alter the ratio of engine speed to drive wheel speed. In conventional transmissions, this
speed ratio is limited to a fixed number of discrete values, but for a CVT, the ratio is continuous. These
transmissions differ from conventional automatic transmissions and manual transmissions in that CVTs do not
have a fixed number of gears with the advantage that the engine speed/drive wheel speed ratio can be altered to
enhance vehicle performance or fuel economy in ways not available with conventional transmissions.
More data stratified by transmission type can be found in Appendix I.
42
-------
100%
Transmission Sales Fraction
(Three Year Moving Average)
Cars
Sales Fraction
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
A3
CVT
L4
L3
Otheii
\
1979 1984 1989 1994 1999 2004
Transmission Sales Fraction
(Three Year Moving Average)
Vans
Sales Fraction
100°/o jOtherp^'
80% W /
L3 Othe
60%
40%
20%
0%
A3
LL5J
//
\
1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004
Model Year
Figure 41
Transmission Sales Fraction
(Three Year Moving Average)
Pickups
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
Other
Other
Model Year
Figure 40
Transmission Sales Fraction
(Three Year Moving Average)
SUVs
Sales Fraction
100%
Sales Fraction
0%
1980 1985
Figure 42
1990 1995 2000 2005
Model Year
0%
1980 1985
Figure 43
1990 1995 2000 2005
Model Year
43
-------
Table 11
Ton-MPG by Transmission and Vehicle Type
(Conventionally Powered Vehicles)
Car Van SUV Pickup
Trans
1988
2008
1988
2008
1988
2008
1988
2008
M4
37 . 0
—
33. 6
—
38 . 0
—
32 . 4
—
M5
37 . 7
40.9
37 . 7
—
33. 1
41.9
35.3
39. 6
M6
--
39.2
--
--
--
36.4
--
38 . 5
CVT
—
44 . 3
—
—
—
42 . 5
—
—
L3
36.1
—
37 . 1
—
33.5
—
31.4
—
L4
37 . 9
41.7
36.6
44 . 7
33. 8
42 . 0
33. 8
43.5
L5
—
43.4
—
45.5
—
41.7
—
40.2
L6
--
42 . 8
--
44 . 8
--
44.2
--
44 . 4
Table 12 and Figures 44 through 47 compare horsepower (HP), displacement (CID), and specific power or
horsepower per cubic inch (HP/CID) for cars, vans, SUVs, and pickups. For all four vehicle types, significant CID
reductions occurred in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Engine displacement has been flat for cars and vans since
the mid-1980s and has been flat for SUVs since the mid-1990s, but has been increasing for two decades for
pickups. Average horsepower has increased substantially for all of these vehicle types since 1981 with the highest
increase occurring for pickups whose HP is now more than double what it was then (i.e., 283 versus 115 HP).
Light-duty vehicle engines, thus, have also improved in specific power with the highest specific power being for
engines used in passenger cars.
Table 12
MY2008 Engine Characteristics by Vehicle Type
Vehicle
HP
CID
HP/
Multi-
Variable
Cylinder
Type
CID
Valve
Valve
Deactivation
Car
196
168
1. 17
89%
64%
3%
Van
224
220
1. 02
74%
44%
12%
SUV
242
222
1. 11
73%
57%
9%
Pickup
283
291
0. 97
41%
40%
22%
All
222
203
1. 12
77%
58%
7%
44
-------
Car Horsepower, CID
and Horsepower per CID
(Three Year Moving Average)
Van Horsepower, CID
and Horsepower per CID
(Three Year Moving Average)
HP, CID
HP/CID
HP, CID
HP/CID
360
360
CID
HP/CID,
320
320
CID
280
280
240
0.9
240
0.9
200
0.8
200
0.8
160
0.7
160
0.7
HP
HP
120
0.6
120
0.6
0.5
0.5
HP/CID
0.4
0.4
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Model Year
Figure 44
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Model Year
Figure 45
SUV Horsepower, CID
and Horsepower per CID
(Three Year Moving Average)
360
320
280
240
200
160
120
HP, CID
HP/CID
HP/CD
Pickup Horsepower, CID
and Horsepower per CID
(Three Year Moving Average)
360
320
280
240
200
160
120
80
40
HP, CID
HP/CID
HP/CID
1.2
1.1
1.0
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Model Year
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Model Year
Figure 46
Figure 47
45
-------
Table 13 compares CID, HP, and HP/CID by vehicle type and number of cylinders for model years 1988
and 2008. Table 13 shows that the increase in horsepower shown for the fleet in Table 9 extends to all vehicle
type and cylinder number strata. These increases in horsepower range from 50 to 90%. Because displacement
has remained relatively constant, it can be seen that the primary reason for the horsepower increase is increased
specific power — up between 42 and 92% from 1988 to 2008.
At the number-of-cylinders level of stratification, model year 2008 cars generally achieve higher
specific power than vans, SUVs or pickups. One reason for the lower specific power of some truck engines is
that these vehicles may be used to carry heavy loads or pull trailers and thus need more "torque rise," (i.e., an
increase in torque as engine speed falls from the peak power point) to achieve acceptable drivability. Engines
equipped with four valves per cylinder typically have inherently lower torque rise than two valve engines with
lower specific power.
Table 13
Changes in Horsepower and Specific Power
by Vehicle Type and Number of Cylinders
Vehicle HP HP Percent CID CID Percent HP/CID HP/CID Percent
Type Cyl. 1988 2008 Change 1988 2008 Change 1988 2008 Change
Cars
4
95
151
59%
118
127
8%
0. 805
1. 183
47%
6
142
243
71%
193
207
7%
0.744
1. 180
59%
8
164
314
91%
301
301
0%
0.544
1. 046
92%
Vans
6
149
221
48%
213
217
2%
0.722
1. 023
42%
8
168
301
79%
322
325
1%
0.520
0. 926
78%
SUVs
4
94
170
81%
122
143
17%
0.773
1. 192
54%
6
147
238
62%
211
216
2%
0.706
1. 110
57%
8
183
326
78%
338
320
-5%
0.541
1. 019
88%
Pickups
4
97
164
69%
142
161
13%
0. 685
1. 019
49%
6
142
216
52%
229
236
3%
0. 644
0. 919
43%
8
180
317
76%
329
321
-2%
0.544
0. 982
81%
46
-------
Table 14
Improvement in Horsepower and Specific Power
by Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Inertia
HP
HP
Percent
CID
CID
Percent
HP/CID
HP/CID
Percent
Weight
1988
2008
Change
1988
2008
Change
1988
2008
Change
Cars
2000
59
70
19%
77
61
-21%
0.770
1.148
49%
2250
73
220
201%
90
110
22%
0.808
2.002
148%
2500
78
106
36%
100
91
-9%
0.785
1.165
48%
2750
97
121
25%
123
106
-14%
0.804
1.145
42%
3000
114
136
19%
145
118
-19%
0.797
1.155
45%
3500
151
185
23%
212
157
-26%
0.732
1.191
63%
4000
160
250
56%
289
213
-26%
0.569
1.187
109%
4500
144
296
106%
305
281
-8%
0. 474
1.061
124%
5000
207
332
60%
408
289
-29%
0.509
1.129
122%
5500
205
305
49%
412
239
-42%
0.498
1.272
156%
6000
205
465
127%
412
331
-20%
0.498
1.366
175%
Inertia
HP
HP
Percent
CID
CID
Percent
HP/CID
HP/CID
Percent
Weight
1988
2008
Change
1988
2008
Change
1988
2008
Change
Vans
4000
149
269
81%
214
211
-1%
0.717
1.275
78%
4500
169
220
30%
320
215
-33%
0.528
1. 027
95%
5000
156
236
51%
312
247
-21%
0.500
0. 961
92%
5500
195
301
54%
346
325
-6%
0.5 62
0. 92 6
65%
6000
126
301
139%
379
325
-14%
0.332
0. 92 6
179%
Inertia
HP
HP
Percent
CID
CID
Percent
HP/CID
HP/CID
Percent
Weight
1988
2008
Change
1988
2008
Change
1988
2008
Change
SUVs
3500
147
168
14%
210
148
-30%
0.712
1.138
60%
4000
135
203
50%
190
181
-5%
0.723
1.141
58%
4500
147
247
68%
311
222
-29%
0.494
1.118
126%
5000
181
259
43%
330
245
-26%
0.545
1. 071
97%
5500
200
334
67%
350
299
-15%
0.572
1.138
99%
6000
162
334
106%
368
325
-12%
0.445
1. 028
131%
Inertia
HP
HP
Percent
CID
CID
Percent
HP/CID
HP/CID
Percent
Weight
1988
2008
Change
1988
2008
Change
1988
2008
Change
Pickups
3500
129
156
21%
183
159
-13%
0.719
0. 986
37%
4000
154
195
27%
282
211
-25%
0.555
0. 927
67%
4500
174
227
30%
322
232
-28%
0.539
0. 987
83%
5000
193
233
21%
342
274
-20%
0.5 65
0. 850
51%
5500
178
315
77%
363
320
-12%
0.495
0. 980
98%
6000
140
347
148%
379
336
-11%
0.369
1. 033
180%
Table 14 shows similar data to that in Table 13, but the stratification is based on inertia weight. This table
clearly shows that, for every case for which a comparison can be made between 1988 and 2008, there were
increases in HP, substantial increases in specific power ranging from 40 to 180%, and with just minor exceptions,
substantial decreases in CID.
47
-------
HP/CID by Number of Valves Per Cylinder
(Three Year Moving Average)
Cars
HP/CID
4-Valvi
3-Valvi
0.8
2-Valvi
0.6
0.4
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
Model Year
Figure 48
HP/CID by Number of Valves Per Cylinder
(Three Year Moving Average)
SUVs
HP/CID
4-Valve
3-Valve
0.8
0.6
2-Valve
0.4
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
Model Year
Figure 50
HP/CID by Number of Valves Per Cylinder
(Three Year Moving Average)
Vans
HP/CID
4-Valy«r
3-Valve__
^ -
S 2-Valve
-
1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Model Year
Figure 49
HP/CID by Number of Valves Per Cylinder
(Three Year Moving Average)
Pickups
HP/CID
4-Val
3-Valvi
0.8
0.6
2-Valve
0.4
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
Model Year
Figure 51
48
-------
100%
40%
20%
Number of Valves per Cylinder
(Three Year Moving Average)
Cars
Sales Fraction
80%
60%
~ Two
~Three
~ Four
Five
1988
Figure 52
1992
1996 2000 2004
Model Year
Number of Valves per Cylinder
(Three Year Moving Average)
Vans
100%
80%
60%
40%
Sales Fraction
20%
~ Two
~ Three
~ Four
1988
Figure 53
1992
1996 2000
Model Year
2004
Number of Valves per Cylinder
(Three Year Moving Average)
SUVs
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
Sales Fraction
~Two
~ Three
~ Four
1988 1992
1996 2000 2004
Model Year
20%
Number of Valves per Cylinder
(Three Year Moving Average)
Pickups
100%
80%
60%
40%
Sales Fraction
~ Two
~ Three
~ Four
1988 1992
1996 2000
Model Year
2004
Figure 54
Figure 55
49
-------
Figures 48 through 51 show that increases in HP per CID apply to all of the engines, except for a couple
of case for engines with three valves. Engines with more valves per cylinder deliver higher values of HP per
CID. Engines with only two valves per cylinder deliver substantially more horsepower per CID then they used
to, typically a 50-80 percent increase for the time period shown. The increases in HP and HP-per-CID are due
to changes in engine technologies. Figures 52 through 55 show that usage of multi-valve engines is increasing
for all vehicle types and as shown in Table 12 for MY2008, is now nearly 90 percent for cars, over 70 percent
for SUVs and vans, and about 40 percent for pickups.
Figures 56 and 57 and Table 15 show how the car and truck fleet have evolved from one that consisted
almost entirely of carbureted engines to one which is now almost entirely port fuel injected, with a clear trend
towards increased use of variable valve timing. In 1975, about 95 percent of all cars had carburetors as did
almost all of the trucks, by 1988 use of carburetors had dropped below the 20 percent level for all vehicle types.
For MY2008, over 60 percent of cars have multi-valve, port fuel injected engines with variable valve timing, as
do about half of SUVs, vans, and pickups.
Car Sales Fraction by Engine Type
(Yearly Data)
Truck Sales Fraction by Engine Type
(Yearly Data)
100%
80%
60%
Sales Fraction
Port Fixed
Carb
Valve
40%
20%
100%
80%
60%
Sales Fraction
40%
20%
Port Fixed
Valve
Carb.
Port VVT
1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
Model Year
Figure 56
1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
Model Year
Figure 57
50
-------
Table 15
Sales Fraction of MY1988 and MY2008 Light Vehicles
by Engine Type and Valve Timing
Engine Type Cars Vans SUVs Pickups All
1988
2008
1988
2008
1988
2008
1988
2008
1988
2008
Carb
16%
<1%
16%
16%
15%
TBI
30%
43%
37%
48%
34%
Port Fixed
54%
34%
57%
56%
47%
42%
36%
60%
51%
41%
Port Variable
59%
44%
54%
40%
54%
GDI Fixed
2%
<1%
1%
GDI Variable
1%
2%
1%
Diesel
<1%
<1%
<1%
<1%
<1%
<1%
<1%
<1%
Hybrids
4%
2%
3%
For over a decade and an half, automotive manufacturers have been using engines which use either cams
or electric solenoids to provide variable intake and/ or exhaust valve timing and in some cases valve lift.
Conventional engines use camshafts which are permanently synchronized with the engine's crankshaft so that
they operate the valves at a specific fixed point in each combustion cycle regardless of the speed and load at
which the engine is operated. The ability to control valve timing allows the design of an engine combustion
chamber with a higher compression level than in engines equipped with fixed valve timing engines which in
turn provides greater engine efficiency, more power and improved combustion efficiency. Variable valve
timing (VVT) also allows the valves to be operated at different points in the combustion cycle, to provide
performance that is precisely tailored to the engine's specific speed and load at any given instant with the valve
timing set to allow the best overall performance across the engine's normal operating range. This results in
improved engine efficiency under low-load conditions, such as at idle or highway cruising, and increased power
at times of high demand. In addition, variable valve timing can result in reduced pumping losses, from the work
required to pull air in and push exhaust out of the cylinder.
Because automobile manufacturers are not currently required to provide EPA with data on the type of
valve timing their engines have, the data base used to generate EPA's fuel economy trend report was augmented
to indicate whether a vehicle had fixed or variable valve timing. The data augmentation was based on data from
trade publications and data published by automotive manufacturers. In addition, no differentiation between
engines which used cams or solenoids to control the valve timing was made, nor was valve lift considered. For
cars, the augmented data covers model years 1989 to 2008, while for trucks the augmentation covered model
years 1999 to 2008.
51
-------
Table 16
Comparison of MY1988 and MY2008 Cars
by Engine Fuel Metering, Number of Valves and Valve Timing
Fuel
Number
Valve
Horsepower
CID
HP/CID
Ton MPG
0 to 60
Metering
of
Timing
Time
Valves
1988
2008
1988
2008
1988
2008
1988
2008
1988 2008
Carb
Fixed
88
131
.75
37.2
14.3
TBI
2
Fixed
97
141
.71
36.9
13.7
Port
2
Fixed
136
240
193
267
.74
.90
36.6
40.1
11.9 8.9
Port
4
Fixed
137
195
131
168
1. 05
1.17
37. 9
41.0
11.1 9.6
Port
4
Variable
192
156
1.22
43.2
9.5
GDI
4
Fixed
185
139
1.36
43.0
9.6
GDI
4
Variable
269
179
1.56
42.9
7.8
Percent Change
over
1988 Port
Two
Valve,
Fixed Valve
Timing
Carb
Fixed
-35%
___
-32%
___
1%
___
2%
___
20%
TBI
2
Fixed
-29%
-27%
-4%
1%
15%
Port
2
Fixed
0%
76%
0%
38%
0%
22%
0%
10%
0% -25%
Port
4
Fixed
1%
43%
-32%
-13%
42%
58%
4%
12%
-7% -19%
Port
4
Variable
—
41%
-19%
65%
18%
-20%
GDI
4
Fixed
36%
-28%
84%
17%
-19%
GDI
4
Variable
98%
-7%
111%
17%
-34%
Table 16 compares horsepower, engine size (CID), specific power (HP/CID), Ton- mpg, and estimated
0-to-60 acceleration time for five selected MY1988 and 2008 engine types.
Because 1988 was the peak year for car fuel economy, and because the two valve, fixed valve timing, port
injected engine accounted for about half of the car engines built that year, it was selected as a baseline engine with
its average characteristics compared to those for the MY2008 two- and four-valve, fixed valve timing and four-
valve VVT engines. As shown in Figure 58, all three of these MY2008 engine types had substantially higher
horsepower than the baseline MY1988 engine, but the MY2008 four valve engines fixed and VVT engines are
considerably smaller and have substantially higher specific power. Not all of these improvements in engine design
for these engine types that occurred between 1988 and 2008 were used to improve fuel economy as indicated by the
nominal 20 percent decrease in 0-to-60 time each achieved. As mentioned earlier, in this report vehicle
performance for conventionally powered vehicles is determined by an estimate of 0-to-60 acceleration time
calculated from the ratio of vehicle power to weight. Obtaining increased power to weight in a time when weight is
trending upwards implies that horsepower is increasing. Increased horsepower can be obtained by increasing the
engine's displacement, the engine's specific power (HP/CID), or both. Increasing specific power has been the
primary driver for increases in performance for the past two decades.
52
-------
Percent Difference in MY2008 Vehicle Characteristics
Percent change From MY1988 Port 2 Valve Fixed Car Engine
120%
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
-20%
-40%
Figure 58
For the current model year fleet, specific power has been studied at an even more detailed level of
stratification with both car and truck engines being classified according to: (1) the number of valves per
cylinder, (2) the manufacturer's fuel recommendation, (3) the presence or absence of an intake boost device
such as a turbocharger or supercharger and (4) whether or not the engine had fixed or variable valve timing (see
Tables 17 and 18). Higher HP/CID is associated with: (a) more valves per cylinder, (b) higher octane fuel, (c)
intake boost and (4) use of variable valve timing. The technical approaches result in specific power ranges for
cars and trucks from about .9 to about 1.8. The relative sales fractions in Tables 17 and 18 are just for each
technical option in the table and exclude hybrids.
Tables 17 and 18 show the incremental effect, on a sales weighted basis, of adding each technical
option, but not all of the technical options are sales significant. The effect of the use of higher octane fuel
cannot be discounted, because roughly 21 percent of the current car fleet is comprised of vehicles which use
engines for which high octane fuel is recommended. By comparison, about 12 percent of this year's light trucks
require premium fuel.
Engine technology which delivers improved specific power thus can be used in many ways ranging from
reduced displacement and improved fuel economy at constant (or worse) performance, to increased performance
and the same fuel economy at constant displacement.
MY 2008 Enaine TvDe
B
H Port 4 Valve Variable
~ Port 4 Valve Fixed
~ Port 2 Valve Fixed
¦ GDI 4 Valve Fixed
~ GDI 4 Valve Variable
i
i
i
j
1
Sk
ia
1
¦
j
-j
¦
Ton MPG Oto 60 Time HP CID HP/CID
53
-------
Table 17
HP/CID and Sales Fraction by Fuel and Engine Technology
Model Year 2008 Cars
Number of Valves per Cylinder
Fuel/Boost/Valves
Two
Three
HP/CID Sales HP/CID Sales
Fract. Fract.
Four
HP/CID Sales
Fract.
Five
HP/CID Sales
Fract.
Total
Sales
Fract.
Regul
Regul
Regul
Regul
Premi
Premi
Premi
Premi
Diese
Diese
ar/No Boo
ar/No Boo
ar/Boost
ar/Boost
um/No Boo
um/No Boo
um/Boost
um/Boost
1/No Boos
1/Boost
st/FIX
st/WT
/FIX
/WT
st/FIX
st/WT
/FIX
/WT
t
.86
1. 03
1. 08
. 99
044
052
010
002
1. 07
1. 00
1.37
1. 04
1.28
006
002
001
1. 13
1. 15
1. 83
1.23
1.34
1. 66
1. 67
1. 16
.253
. 427
. 004
. 030
. 138
. 021
. 011
1.35
.297
.485
. 000
. 004
. 041
. 139
. 022
. 011
. 000
. 000
Total
. 108
. 009
.882
1. 000
Table If
HP/CID and Sales Fraction by Fuel and Engine Technology
Model Year 2008 Trucks
Number of Valves per Cylinder
Fuel/Boost/Valves
Two
Three
HP/CID Sales HP/CID Sales
Fract. Fract.
Four
HP/CID Sales
Fract.
Five
HP/CID Sales
Fract.
Total
Sales
Fract.
Regul
Regul
Regul
Regul
Premi
Premi
Premi
Premi
Diese
Diese
ar/No Boo
ar/No Boo
ar/Boost
ar/Boost
um/No Boo
um/No Boo
um/Boost
um/Boost
1/No Boos
1/Boost
st/FIX
st/WT
/FIX
/WT
st/FIX
st/WT
/FIX
/WT
t
. 91
. 95
1. 08
1. 05
1. 03
, 323
, 021
003
007
1. 04
. 91
1. 12
1.37
1.35
005
037
001
1. 06
1. 17
1.53
1. 19
1.26
1.71
1. 18
1. 18
, 147
, 346
, 001
, 010
, 095
002
001
. 476
.405
. 000
. 001
. 013
. 102
. 001
. 000
. 002
. 001
Total
, 355
043
602
1. 000
54
-------
A recent engine development has been the reintroduction of cylinder deactivation, an automotive
technology that was used by General Motors in some MY1981 V-8 engines that could be operated in 8-, 6- and
4-cylinder modes. This approach, which has also been called by a number of names including 'variable
displacement', 'displacement on demand', 'active fuel management' and 'multiple displacement', involves
allowing the valves of selected cylinders of the engine to remain closed and interrupting the fuel supply to these
cylinders when engine power demands are below a predetermined threshold, as typically happens under less
demanding driving conditions, such as steady state operation. Under light load conditions, the engine can thus
provide better fuel mileage than would otherwise be achieved. Although frictional and thermodynamic energy
losses still occur in the cylinders that are not being used, these losses are more than offset by the increased load
and reduced specific fuel consumption of the remaining cylinders. Typically half of the usual number of
cylinders are deactivated. Challenges to the engine designer for this type of engine include mode transitions,
idle quality, and noise and vibration. For MY2008, as shown previously in Table 12, it is estimated that about
three percent of cars and about 12 percent of trucks are equipped with cylinder deactivation.
Table 19
Car
Class
Car
Comparison of MY2008 Cars with Engines with Cylinder Deactivation
Model Name
Midsize Lacrosse-Allure
Grand Prix
Drive Trans Inertia Engine
L4
4000
325 290
218 240
Lab. Cyl. Pet. Change
Weight CID HP 55/45 Deact.
24 . 7
25. 8
Yes
No
HP MPG
21% -4%
Large 300 AWD
Car 300 AWD
4wd
L5
4500
348
215
340
253
23.1
22 . 8
Yes
No
34t
Midsize Magnum AWD
Wagon Magnum AWD
4wd
L5
4500
348
215
340
253
23.1
22 . 8
Yes
No
34t
55
-------
Table 20
Truck
Class
Midsize
Van
Comparison of MY2008 Trucks with Engines with Cylinder Deactivation
Model Name Drive Trans
Odyssey
Odyssey
Front
L5
Inertia
Weight
4500
Engine
CID HP
212
212
241
244
Lal>.
55/45
25.8
23.9
Cyl.
Deact.
Yes
No
Pet. Change
HP MPG
-1% 8%
Midsize Grand Cherokee Rear
SUV Grand Cherokee
L5
5000
348
287
345
230
19.5 Yes
19.8 No
50=?
-2\
Large
SUV
Envoy
Envoy
4wd
L4
5000
325
254
280
275
20.0
20.6
Yes
No
-3?
Large
Pickup
Ram 15 00
Ram 15 00
Ram 15 00
Ram 15 00
Rear L5
4wd
L5
5000
5500
348
287
345
230
348 345
287 295
19.5
19.8
18.8
18.9
Yes
No
Yes
No
50=?
17^
-2\
-1\
Table 19 compares examples of individual MY2008 car models with cylinder deactivation with their
same-model counterparts with optional smaller engines that do not incorporate cylinder deactivation. For every
case in the table, the version of the model equipped with cylinder deactivation has horsepower ratings that are
significantly higher and about the same fuel economy. Most of the truck examples in Table 20 show a similar
trend. The Honda Odyssey shows similar horsepower and an 8 percent fuel economy increase.
The data in Tables 19 and 20 indicate cylinder deactivation can be used to increase fuel economy at
constant horsepower, or to maintain equivalent fuel economy at higher horsepower levels.
56
-------
Car Technology Penetration
Years After First Significant Use
Sales Fraction
100%
Multi valve
Front Drive
Variable
Valve
Continuously Variable Transmission
75% --
50%
25% --
0% f*rr i i i i i , i
0 5 10
15
20 25 30
35
Years
Figure 59
Figure 59 compares penetration rates for six passenger car technologies, namely port fuel injection (Port
FI), front-wheel drive (FWD), multi-valve engines (i.e., engines with more than two valves per cylinder),
lockup transmissions, engines with variable valve timing, and CVTs. The sales fraction for VVT car engines
has increased in a similar fashion to the others shown in the figure. This indicates that, in the past, it has taken a
decade for a technology to prove itself and attain a sales fraction of 40 to 50 percent and as long as another five
or ten years to reach maximum market penetration.
57
-------
Car Technology Penetration
Years After First Significant Use
Sales Fraction
100%
25% --
75% --
50%
0%
Port 4 Valve
Fixed
Port 2 Valve
Fixed
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Years
Figure 60
A similar comparison of five technologies whose sales fraction peaked out is shown in Figure 60. This
figure shows that, in the past, it has taken a number of years for technologies such as throttle body fuel injection
(TBI), lockup 3-speed (L3) and 4-speed (L4) transmissions to reach their maximum sales fraction, and, even
then, use of these technologies has often continued for a decade or longer. For the limited number of historical
cases studied, the time a given technology has taken to attain and then pass a market share of about 40 to 50
percent appears to be one indicator of whether it later attains a stabilized high level of market penetration. L4
transmissions and both two- and four-valve, port injected, fixed valve timing car engines (Port 2V- and 4V-
Fixed) now can be classified with technologies such as TBI engines and L3 transmissions which have reached
their peak sales fractions and, thus, are likely to disappear from the new vehicle fleet.
58
-------
Table 21 compares inertia weight, the fuel economy ratings, the ratio of highway to city fuel economy,
and ton-mpg of the MY2008 hybrid and diesel vehicles with those for the average conventionally powered
MY2008 car and truck. Nearly all of the hybrid and diesel vehicles in the table have a lower highway/city ratio
than the average conventional car or truck.
Table 21
Characteristics of MY 2008 Hybrid and Diesel Vehicles
Lab
<
Adjusted
>
HWY/
IWT
CID
Trans
55/45
City
HWY
COMP
City
Ton-
MPG
MPG
MPG
MPG
Ratio
MPG
Hybrid
Cars
Prius
3000
91
CVT
65. 8
47 . 7
45.1
46.2
95
69.3
Altima
3500
152
CVT
46.7
35.1
33. 0
33. 9
94
59.3
GS 4 5OH
4500
211
L6
30. 8
21 . 9
25.3
23. 8
1.
15
53.5
Civic
3000
82
CVT
58 . 8
40.2
45.3
42 . 9
1.
13
64 . 4
Camry
4000
144
CVT
45. 9
33. 4
34 .1
33. 8
1.
02
67 . 6
Malibu
4000
145
L4
35.7
23. 9
31. 9
27 . 9
1.
33
55. 8
Aura
4000
145
L4
35.7
23. 9
31. 9
27 . 9
1.
33
55. 8
LS 600HL
5500
303
L8
26. 9
19.6
21. 8
20.8
1.
11
57 . 2
Hybrid
Trucks
Vue
4000
145
L4
36.7
24 . 8
32 . 2
28 . 5
1
. 30
57 . 0
RX 4 0 OH 4WD
4500
202
CVT
33. 4
25. 8
24 . 2
24 . 8
. 94
55. 9
RX 4 0 OH 2WD
4500
202
CVT
34 .1
27 . 0
23. 8
25.1
.88
56.5
Highlander 4WD
5000
202
CVT
35.2
27 . 3
25.1
26.0
. 92
65. 0
Mariner FWD
4000
140
CVT
43.7
34 . 3
29.6
31. 5
.86
63. 0
Mariner 4WD
4000
140
CVT
38 . 2
29.4
27 . 2
28 .1
. 92
56.2
Escape FWD
4000
140
CVT
43.7
34 . 3
29.6
31. 5
.86
63. 0
Escape 4WD
4000
140
CVT
38 . 2
29.4
27 . 2
28 .1
. 92
56.2
Tribute 2WD
4000
140
CVT
43.7
34 . 3
29.6
31. 5
.86
63. 0
Tribute 4WD
4000
140
CVT
38 . 2
29.4
27 . 2
28 .1
. 92
56.2
K1500 Tahoe 4WD
6000
364
CVT
26.3
19.7
20.4
20.1
1
. 03
60. 4
K1500 Yukon 4WD
6000
364
CVT
26.3
19.7
20.4
20.1
1
. 03
60. 4
C1500 Tahoe 2WD
6000
364
CVT
28 . 2
21.1
21. 7
21. 5
1
. 03
64 . 4
C1500 Yukon 2WD
6000
364
CVT
28 . 2
21.1
21. 7
21. 5
1
. 03
64 . 4
Diesel
Cars
R320 CDI 4MATIC
5500
182
L7
26. 9
18 . 4
24 . 3
21. 3
1
. 32
58 . 7
E320 BLUETEC
4000
182
L7
34 . 7
22 . 8
32 . 2
27 . 3
1
.41
54 . 7
Diesel
Trucks
Touareg
6000
300
L6
21 . 7
14 . 8
20.0
17 . 4
1
. 35
52 . 2
GL320 CDI 4MATIC
6000
182
L7
26.6
18 . 2
23. 9
21.1
1
. 32
63.2
ML320 CDI 4MATIC
5000
182
L7
26. 9
18 . 5
24 . 0
21. 3
1
. 30
53.1
Grand Cherokee 4WD
5000
183
L5
25.3
17 . 6
22 . 2
20.0
1
.26
50. 0
Grand Cherokee 2WD
4500
183
L5
26. 0
17 . 9
23. 0
20.5
1
.28
46.2
Average Car
3541
168
30.3
20.1
28 . 3
24 .1
1
41
43.3
Average Truck
4742
240
--
22 . 5
15.3
20. 9
18 .1
1
37
42 . 9
59
-------
In addition, there are several cases in the table for which the highway to city ratio is less than 1.0, and
these represent cases where a vehicle achieves higher fuel economy in city than in highway driving. This year's
diesel cars achieve ton-mpg values that are roughly the same as some of the hybrid cars. For MY2008, the
Toyota Prius achieves 69 Ton-mpg, 60 percent higher than that of the average car.
Most of the vehicles in Table 21 have conventionally powered counterparts. Tables 22 and 23 compare
the adjusted composite fuel economy and an estimate of annual fuel usage (assuming 15,000 miles per year) for
these vehicles with their conventionally powered (baseline) counterparts. The comparisons in both tables are
limited to a basis of model name, drive, inertia weight, transmission, and engine size (CID), and for simplicity
there is only one listing for "twin" vehicles such as the Escape/ Mariner and the Highlander/RX400 H.
Differences in the performance attributes of these vehicles complicate making the forward analysis of the fuel
economy improvement potential due to hybridization and dieselization. In particular, hybrid vehicles are often
reported to have faster 0-to-60 acceleration times than their conventional counterparts, while vehicles equipped
with diesel engines have higher low-end
Table 22
Comparison of MY2008 Hybrid Vehicles With Their Conventional Counterparts
< Hybrid Version > < Baseline Version >
Model Name
Inertia
Weight
CID
Trans
AD J
COMP
MPG
Gal
Per
Year*
Inertia
Weight
CID 1
Trans
ADJ
COMP
MPG
Gal
Per
Year*
ADJ
COMP
MPG
Gal
Per
Year*
Altima
3500
152
CVT
33. 9
443
3500
152
CVT
27 . 5
556
23%
103
Civic
3000
82
CVT
42 . 9
349
3000
3000
110
110
L5
M5
30. 6
30.1
491
497
40%
42
141
147
Camry
4000
144
CVT
33. 8
444
3500
3500
144
144
L5
M5
26.1
25. 8
574
582
29%
31%
130
138
Malibu
4000
145
L4
27 . 9
538
3500
145
L4
25.7
584
9%
46
GS 4 5OH**
4500
211
L6
23. 8
631
4000
211
L6
22 . 9
656
4%
25
LS 6 0 QHL* *
5500
303
L8
20.8
721
4500
281
L8
20.1
748
4%
27
Vue
4000
145
L4
28 . 5
526
4000
145
L4
22 . 5
6 6 6
27%
140
Escape FWD
4000
140
CVT
31. 5
477
3500
3500
140
140
L4
M5
23. 0
24 . 9
653
601
37%
26%
177
125
Escape 4WD
4000
140
CVT
28 .1
534
3500
140
L4
21. 3
703
32%
169
Highlander 4WD
5000
202
CVT
26.0
577
4500
211
L5
19.7
760
32%
183
RX 4 00 2WD**
4500
202
CVT
25.1
598
4000
211
L5
20.4
737
23%
139
RX 400 4WD**
4500
202
CVT
24 . 8
604
4500
211
L5
19.6
766
27%
162
C1500 Tahoe 2WD
6000
364
CVT
21. 5
6 9 9
6000
6000
325
380
L4
L6
17 . 2
15.2
873
985
25%
41%
174
286
K1500 Tahoe 4WD
6000
364
CVT
20.1
745
6000
325
L4
16.4
914
23%
168
*Note: Gallons per year calculation is based on all vehicles being driven 15, 000 miles.
**Note: Baseline version used for the GS 450H comparison is the GS350. Baseline vehicle used for the LS
600HL comparison is the LS 460L. Baseline vehicle used for the RX 400H 2WD comparison is the RX 350 2WD.
Baseline vehicle used for the RX 400H 4WD comparison is the RX 350 4WD.
60
-------
torque, but slower 0-to-60 times. In addition, some hybrid vehicles use technologies such as
cylinder deactivation and CVT transmissions that are not offered in their counterparts. Given the difficulty in
choosing the "right" baseline vehicle, Table 21 includes a comparison for the CVT-equipped Escape Hybrid
with baseline data for both manual and automatic transmission versions of this vehicle.
Fuel economy improvements and fuel savings per year for the hybrid vehicles in Table 22 vary
considerably from about five percent for the larger, luxury hybrid vehicles to around 40 percent for several
others. Similarly, fuel economy improvements for diesels range from 16 to 37 percent, and these vehicles also
offer relatively high fuel savings. Eight years after the introduction for sale in the U.S. of the first hybrid
vehicle, the MY2000 Honda Insight, hybrid vehicles now account for 2.5 percent of the combined car/truck
fleet. In addition, the sales fraction for diesels remains below a quarter of one percent, more than an order of
magnitude smaller than their 5.9 percent sales fraction in 1981.
Table 23
Comparison of MY2008 Diesel Vehicles With Their Conventional Counterparts
< Diesel
Version
>
< Baseline Version
>
< I mpr ovemen t>
Model Name
Inertia
ADJ
Gal
Inertia
ADJ
Gal
ADJ
Gal
Weight
CID
Trans
COMP
Per
Weight
CID
Trans
COMP
Per
COMP
Per
MPG
Year*
MPG
Year*
MPG
Year*
E320 BLUETEC**
4000
182
L7
27 . 3
549
4000
213
L7
20.2
743
35%
195
R320 CDI 4MATIC**
5500
182
L7
21. 3
703
5500
213
L7
17 . 0
881
25%
178
ML320 CDI 4MATIC**
5000
182
L7
21. 3
706
5000
213
L7
17 . 2
873
24%
167
GL320 CDI 4MATIC**
6000
182
L7
21.1
712
6000
285
L7
15.3
978
37%
265
Touareg
6000
300
L6
17 . 4
862
5500
254
L6
14 . 8
1010
17%
148
Grand Cherokee 4WD
5000
183
L5
20.0
750
4500
226
L5
17 . 1
876
17%
126
Grand Cherokee 2WD
4500
183
L5
20.5
731
4500
226
L5
17 . 7
847
16%
116
*Note:
Gallons per year calculation is based on all vehicles being driven 15,000 miles.
**Note:
Baseline version used for the R320 CDI 4MATIC comparison is the R350 4MATIC. Baseline version used for the
GL320 CDI 4MATIC comparison is the GL450 4MATIC. Baseline version used for the E320 BLUETEC comparison is
the E350. Baseline version used for the ML320 CDI 4MATIC comparison is the ML350 4MATIC.
61
-------
VI. Marketing Groups
In its century of evolution, the automotive industry existed first as small, individual companies that
relatively quickly went out of business or grew into larger corporations. Prior to the 1970s, the historic term
"manufacturer" usually meant an automobile company that manufactured and sold vehicles in its own country
and perhaps exported vehicles to a few other countries. Over the years, the nature of the automotive industry
has changed substantially, and it has evolved into one in which global consolidations and alliances among
heretofore independent manufacturers have become the norm, rather than the exception.
Early reports in this series examined fuel economy and technology trends for the "Domestic" and
"Import" vehicle categories which are part of the corporate average fuel economy program. Over time, this
classification approach evolved into a market segment approach in which cars were apportioned to a
"Domestic," "European," and "Asian" category, with trucks classified as "Domestic" or "Imported." As the
automotive industry has become more transnational in nature, this type of vehicle classification has become less
useful. In the most recent reports in this series, trends by groups of manufacturers have been used to reflect the
transnational and transregional nature of the automobile industry.
There are 35 individual manufacturers in the 2008 fuel economy trends database. To reflect the
transition to an industry in which there are only a small number of independent companies, these 35 individual
manufacturers have been divided into nine major marketing group segments, and a tenth catch-all group
("Others") that contains smaller manufacturers not assigned to one of the nine major marketing groups.
These nine major marketing groups are:
1) The General Motors Group includes GM, Daewoo, Saab, and Isuzu;
2) The Ford Motor Group includes Ford, Mazda, Volvo, Rover, and Jaguar;
3) The Chrysler Group includes only Chrysler;
4) The Toyota Group includes only Toyota;
5) The Honda Group includes only Honda;
6) The Nissan Group includes only Nissan;
7) The Hyundai-Kia (HK) Group includes Hyundai and Kia;
8) The VW Group includes Volkswagen, Audi, Porsche, Bentley, and Lamborghini; and
9) The BMW group includes only BMW.
Taken together, the nine major marketing groups comprise over 95 percent of the MY2008 new vehicle
market in the U.S. It is expected that these marketing groups will continue to evolve and perhaps expand, or
possibly contract as further changes in the automotive industry occur. The most important changes in the
marketing group definitions for this report are that Chrysler is now its own marketing group (with Daimler, the
previous owner of Chrysler, now included in the Others category) and BMW is also included as its own
marketing group.
Tables 24 and 25 list the 35 individual manufacturers that are included in EPA's 2008 fuel economy
database, and the marketing group to which they are assigned for this report. Table 24 shows the projected
62
-------
MY2008 laboratory 55/45 fuel economy values for cars only, trucks only, and cars and trucks combined, along
with the truck market share, for each of the 35 individual manufacturers. Table 25 shows the same information,
but with projected MY2008 adjusted composite fuel economy values instead.
Tables 26 and 27 provide fuel economy data for the nine marketing groups, with the former providing
laboratory 55/45 fuel economy data, and the latter including adjusted composite fuel economy data. The bottom
two rows in each table give the overall average MY2008 fuel economy value, as well as the truck market share,
for each marketing group. It can be seen that the Honda and Toyota marketing groups have the highest
MY2008 fuel economy values, followed by Hyundai-Kia. Chrysler and Ford have the lowest MY2008 fuel
economy values. Tables 26 and 27 also show the average marketing group fuel economies by vehicle type and
size. For example, Table 26 shows that Honda has the highest projected MY2008 laboratory 55/45 fuel
economy value for the small car class. Different marketing groups are leaders in other vehicle classes as
defined by this report.
Figures 61 through 69 compare for model years 1975 to 2008: percent truck, laboratory 55/45 fuel
economy for cars, trucks, and both cars and trucks for the GM, Ford, Chrysler, Toyota, Honda, Nissan,
Hyundai-Kia, VW, and BMW marketing groups, respectively. For all of these marketing groups, with the
exception of BMW, combined car and truck fuel economy is lower now than it was in 1988. More information
stratified by marketing group can be found in the Appendixes L through O.
It is important to note when a marketing group definition is changed to reflect a change in the industry's
financial arrangements, EPA makes the same adjustment in marketing group composition in the historical
database, that is used for Figures 61 through 69 and in Appendixes L through O, as well. This maintains a
consistent marketing group definition over time, which allows a better identification of long-term trends. On
the other hand, this also means that the database does not necessarily reflect actual financial arrangements in the
past. For example, the 2008 database no longer accounts for the fact that Chrysler was combined with Daimler
for several years.
63
-------
Table 24
Model Year 2008 Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Manufacturer
Marketing <-- FUEL ECONOMY --> Percent
Manufacturer
Group
Cars
Trucks
Both
Truck
General Motors
General Motors
28.5
21.6
24.2
55%
Toyota
Toyota
35 .5
23.7
29.7
40%
Chrysler
Chrysler
26.5
22 .5
23.6
68%
Ford
Ford
26.8
21.7
23.3
64%
Honda
Honda
33.8
25.1
29.6
41%
Nissan
Nissan
32.0
21.5
26.6
42%
Hyundai
Hyundai-Kia
30.9
25 .2
28.5
37%
Kia
Hyundai-Kia
32 .2
23.9
28.2
41%
BMW
BMW
27.3
23.0
26.4
19%
Daimler AG
Other
25 . 6
20.4
24.3
22%
Mazda
Ford
31.1
23.7
27.9
37%
Volkswagen
Volkswagen
29.6
20.1
28.5
8%
Mitsubishi
Other
29.2
25.9
28.1
30%
Subaru
Other
28.5
26.3
27.8
28%
Volvo
Ford
25.9
20.5
24.3
25%
Audi
Volkswagen
27.3
20.1
25.3
22%
GM Daewoo
General Motors
33.3
33.3
0%
Rover
Ford
20.2
20.2
100%
Suzuki
Other
32. 6
24.5
29.0
38%
Porsche
Volkswagen
26.1
19.5
21.8
60%
Saab
General Motors
26.2
19.5
25.8
5%
Jaguar
Ford
24.5
24.5
0%
Isuzu
General Motors
23.1
23.1
100%
Bentley
Volkswagen
15.8
15.8
0%
Maserati
Other
18.3
18.3
0%
Saleen
Other
17. 8
16.7
16.6
83%
Shelby
Ford
22.2
22.2
0%
Lotus
Other
29.9
29.9
0%
Rousch
Ford
21.2
16.0
20.3
14%
Ferrari
Other
16.4
16.4
0%
Aston Martin
Other
18.5
18.5
0%
Foose
Ford
16.0
16.0
100%
Lamborghini
Volkswagen
14.8
14.8
0%
Phantom
BMW
17.3
17.3
0%
Alpina Burkard
Other
20.8
20.8
0%
Fleet
30.3
22 .5
26.0
48%
64
-------
Table 25
Model Year 2008 Adjusted Composite Fuel Economy by Manufacturer
Marketing
<—
FUEL ECONOMY —>
Perce
Manufacturer
Group
Cars
Trucks
Both
Truck
General Motors
General Motors
22.9
17. 4
19.5
55%
Toyota
Toyota
27.7
18.8
23.4
40%
Chrysler
Chrysler
21.2
18.0
18.9
68%
Ford
Ford
21.5
17.5
18.7
64%
Honda
Honda
26.8
20.1
23.6
41%
Nissan
Nissan
25 .2
17.3
21.2
42%
Hyundai
Hyundai-Kia
24 . 6
20.2
22.7
37%
Kia
Hyundai-Kia
25 .5
19.1
22.5
41%
BMW
BMW
22.0
18.5
21.2
19%
Daimler AG
Other
20.6
16.4
19.5
22%
Mazda
Ford
24.5
19.0
22.1
37%
Volkswagen
Volkswagen
23.6
16.2
22.8
8%
Mitsubishi
Other
23.2
20.6
22.3
30%
Subaru
Other
22 . 6
20.8
22.0
28%
Volvo
Ford
20.9
16.6
19.6
25%
Audi
Volkswagen
21.8
26.2
20.3
22%
GM Daewoo
General Motors
26.4
26.4
0%
Rover
Ford
16.5
16.5
100%
Suzuki
Other
25 . 6
19.5
22.8
38%
Porsche
Volkswagen
21.0
15.9
17.7
60%
Saab
General Motors
21.2
15.8
20.8
5%
Jaguar
Ford
19.8
19.8
0%
Isuzu
General Motors
18 .5
18 .5
100%
Bentley
Volkswagen
13.2
13.2
0%
Maserati
Other
15.0
15.0
0%
Saleen
Other
14. 6
13.3
13.5
83%
Shelby
Ford
18.1
18.1
0%
Lotus
Other
23.5
23.5
0%
Rousch
Ford
17.2
13.0
16.5
14%
Ferrari
Other
13. 4
13.4
0%
Aston Martin
Other
15.2
15 .2
0%
Foose
Ford
13.0
13.0
100%
Lamborghini
Volkswagen
12 .3
12.3
0%
Phantom
BMW
14 .2
14.2
0%
Alpina Burkard
Other
17.1
17.1
0%
Fleet
24.1
18.1
20.8
48%
65
-------
Table 26
Model Year 2008 Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group
VEHICLE
TYPE/SIZE
Cars
GM
Toyota
Ford Chrysler Honda Nissan
HK
VW
BMW
All
Small
Midsize
Large
All
Wagons
Small
Midsi ze
Large
All
All Cars
30 . 6
27 . 9
26.0
28 .2
33.3
26.2
33.2
36.3
35. 9
29.4
35. 6
33.5
33.5
29.6
27 . 9
23.8
27 . 4
28 . 4
24 . 8
25. 0
26.7
29.3
25.1
27 . 1
27 .5
24 . 4
22.2
25.2
37 . 4
26.5
31. 3
33 . 4
39.9
39.9
28 .7
33.2
23 .1
32.0
34 . 8
33. 9
28.5
31.7
27 . 7
27 . 7
28.5
26.9
23.7
28 . 2
29. 9
28 . 5
29.5
28 . 3
25.3
23. 1
27 .3
26.6
24 . 6
25.8
31 . 6
31 .5
26.8
30.4
32.1
26.8
22.0
29.6
Small
Midsize
Large
All
Vans
31.2
27 . 9
26.0
28.7
35. 8
35. 9
29.4
35.5
29.6
27 . 6
23 . 8
27 .3
27 .2
28 . 6
24 .3
26.5
37 . 7
26.5
31.3
33.8
28.7
33.2
23.1
32. 0
34 . 8
33. 0
28 . 5
31 .5
28 . 6
27 .1
23.7
28.3
28.3
25.3
23.1
27.2
31.7
31.2
26.5
30.3
Small
Midsize
Large
All
SUVs
21. 9
20. 0
20. 9
26.0
26.0
24 .1
24 .1
24 . 6
24 . 6
25.3
25.3
24 .5
24 .5
23 . 8
23.8
24 . 7
20. 0
24 .5
Small
Midsize
Large
All
Pickups
Small
Midsi ze
Large
All
Trucks
25 . 4
21 . 8
22 . 0
24.5
20.8
21. 0
25.4
19.1
24.7
24 .2
19.3
20.8
26.1
21.1
23.4
23.3
19.1
19.7
21. 6
23.7
19.4
22. 9
19.4
19.4
25.7
25.7
21. <
21. <
27 . 0
19.6
22.5
18 . 6
18 . 6
25.0
23.2
24 .
19.8 23.0
19.8 23.0
22 . 9
25.2
21 .2
23.3
24 . 0
19.8
20.2
Small
Midsi ze
Large
All
Fleet
All
Truck %
24 . 4
21.3
21 .
24 .3
54%
25 . 4
19.2
23.7
29.7
40%
25.4
19.9
21.
23.7
59%
21. 6
24 . 0
19.4
22.5
23. 6
68%
25. 6
21. 4
25 .1
29. 6
41%
26.0
19.1
21.5
26. 6
42%
24.7
23.2
24 . 6
28.4
39%
19.8
19.8
26.2
19%
23. 0
23 . 0
26.3
19%
22 . 9
25 . 0
20.5
22.5
26.0
48%
66
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Table 27
Model Year 2008 Adjusted Composite Fuel Economy by Marketing Group
VEHICLE
TYPE/SIZE
GM
Toyota
Ford Chrysler Honda Nissan
HK
VW
BMW
All
Cars
Small
Midsize
Large
All
Wagons
Small
Midsize
Large
All
All Cars
24 .3
22.5
21 .1
22.7
26.1
21 .3
26.1
28.3
28 . 0
23.5
27 . 8
26.1
26.1
23.5
22.4
19.4
22.0
22.8
19.9
20.1
21. 5
23.3
20.2
21. 6
21. 7
19.7
18 . 2
20.2
29.3
21 .3
25 . 0
26.5
30 . 6
30 . 6
22.8
26.0
18.6
25.2
27.3
26.7
22. 9
25.2
22.1
22.1
22.8
21. 6
19.1
22. 6
23. !
22. !
23.5
22. 8
20.5
18 . 8
22. 0
21 . 4
19.9
20 . 8
25 . 0
24 . 9
21 . 6
24 .2
25.2
21. 4
17 . 9
23.4
Small
Midsi ze
Large
All
Vans
24.7
22.5
21.1
23.0
27 . 9
28 . 0
23.5
27 . 7
23.5
22. 1
19.4
21. 9
21 . 6
22.7
19.7
21 .2
29.5
21.3
25.0
26.8
22.8
26.0
18 . 6
25.2
27.3
26.1
22. 9
25.0
22. 9
21. 8
19.1
22. 6
22.7
20.5
18 . 8
21 . 9
25.1
24.7
21. 4
24 .1
Small
Midsi ze
Large
All
SUVs
17 . 7
16.0
16.
20.7
20.7
19.4
19.4
19.8
19.8
20.5
20.5
19.7
19.7
19.2
19.2
19.9
16.0
19.7
Small
Midsize
Large
All
Pickups
Small
Midsize
Large
All
Trucks
20.4
17 . 6
17 . 8
19.6
16.7
16.9
20. 1
15. 4
19.5
19.1
15.5
16.7
20.7
17 . 1
18 . f
18 . 6
15 . 4
15 . 8
17.2
18.8
15.7
18.2
15.7
15.7
20.4
20.4
17.2
17.2
21. 3
16.0
18 . 1
15. 1
15. 1
19.9
18 . 8
19.8
16.1
16.1
18.5
18.5
18.2
20.0
17.2
18.7
19.0
16.0
16.3
Small
Midsize
Large
All
Fleet
All
Truck %
19.6
17 . 2
17 . 4
19. 6
54%
20 .1
15.5
18 . 8
23.4
40%
20.2
16.1
17.5
19.0
59%
17.2
19.2
15.7
18.0
18. 9
68%
20.4
17.2
20.1
23. 6
41%
20.7
15.5
17 . 3
21.2
42%
19.8
18 . 8
19.7
22. 6
39%
16.1
16.1
21.0
19%
18.5
18.5
21.2
19%
18 . 2
19.9
16.6
18 . 1
20.8
48%
67
-------
GM Marketing Group
Fuel Economy by Model Year
(Three Year Moving Average)
Ford Marketing Group
Fuel Economy by Model Year
(Three Year Moving Average)
Laboratory 55/45 MPG
Percent Truck
40
35
30
Cars
Both
25
20
-100%
Trucks
15
- 50%
Percent Truck
10
0%
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Model Year
Laboratory 55/45 MPG
Percent Truck
40
35
30
Cars.
25
Boi
20
100%
Trucks
15
50%
Percent Truck
10
0%
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Model Year
Figure 61 Figure 62
Chrysler Marketing Group
Fuel Economy by Model Year
(Three Year Moving Average)
Percent Truck
Laboratory 55/45 MPG
40
35
30
Can
25
Both
20
100%
Trucks
15
50%
Percent Truck
10
0%
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Model Year
Figure 63
68
-------
Toyota Marketing Group
Fuel Economy by Model Year
(Three Year Moving Average)
Laboratory 55/45 MPG
Percent Truck
Trucks
Percent Truck
100%
50%
10 —i i i i | i i i i | i i i i | i i i i | i i i i | i i i i | i i I 0%
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Model Year
Honda Marketing Group
Fuel Economy by Model Year
(Three Year Moving Average)
Laboratory 55/45 MPG
Percent Truck
Trucks
Percent Truck
-100%
- 50%
10 —i i i i | i i i i—|—i—i—i i | i i i i \ i—i—i—i | i i i i | i i—I- 0%
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Model Year
Figure 64
Figure 65
Nissan Marketing Group
Fuel Economy by Model Year
(Three Year Moving Average)
Laboratory 55/45 MPG
Percent Truck
Trucks
Percent Truck
100%
50%
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Model Year
Figure 66
69
-------
Hyundai-Kia Marketing Group
Fuel Economy by Model Year
(Three Year Moving Average)
40
35
30
25
20
15
Laboratory 55/45 MPG
Cars
Percent Truck
Trucks
Percent Truck
100%
50%
10 —i i i i | i i—i i | i i—i i | i i i i | i i—i i | i i—i i | i i I 0%
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Model Year
VW Marketing Group
Fuel Economy by Model Year
(Three Year Moving Average)
Laboratory 55/45 MPG
Percent Truck
Trucks
Trucks
Percent Truck
100%
50%
Figure 67
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Model Year
Figure 68
BMW Marketing Group
Fuel Economy by Model Year
(Three Year Moving Average)
Laboratory 55/45 MPG
Percent Truck
Trucks
Percent Truck
100%
50%
10 .... I .... I .... I .... I .... I .... I ¦ ¦ 0%
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Model Year
Figure 69
70
-------
VII. Characteristics of Fleets Comprised of Existing Fuel-Efficient Vehicles
This section is limited to a discussion of hypothetical fleets of vehicles comprised of existing fuel-
efficient vehicles and the fuel economy and other characteristics of those fleets. While it includes a discussion
of some of the technical and engineering factors that affect fleet fuel economy, it does not attempt to evaluate
either the benefits or the costs of achieving various fuel economy levels. In addition, the analysis presented
here also does not attempt to evaluate the marketability or the public acceptance of any of the hypothetical fleets
that result from the scenarios studied and discussed below.
There are several different ways to look at the potential for improved fuel economy from the light-duty
vehicle fleet. Many of these approaches utilize projections of more fuel efficient technologies that are not
currently being used in the fleet today. As an example, a fleet made up of a large fraction of fuel cell vehicles
could be considered. Such projections can be associated with a good deal of uncertainty, since uncertainty in
the projections of market share compound with uncertainties about the fuel economy performance of yet
uncommercialized technology. These uncertainties can be thought of as a combination of technical risk, i.e.,
can the technology be developed and mass produced?, and market risk, i.e., will people buy vehicles with the
improved fuel economy?
One general approach used in this report is to consider only the fuel economy performance of those
technologies which exist in today's fleet. This eliminates uncertainty about the feasibility and production
readiness of the technology, but does not address market risk. Therefore, the analysis can be thought of as the
fuel economy potential now in the fleet, with no new technologies added, if the higher mpg choices available
were to be selected by a much higher percentage of consumers.
As was shown in Figures 3 and 4, there is a wide distribution of fuel economy. Because of the interest
in the high end of this spectrum, this portion of the database was examined in more detail using three "best in
class" (BIC) analysis techniques. This type of technique is not new, and in fact was one of the methods used to
investigate future fleet fuel economy capability when the original fuel economy standards were set.
In any group or class of vehicles there will be a distribution of fuel economy performance, and the "best
in class" method relies on that fact. The analysis involves dividing the fleet of vehicles into classes, selecting a
set of representative high mpg "role model" vehicles from each class, and then calculating the average
characteristics of the resultant fleet using the same relative sales proportions as in the baseline fleet.
One potential problem with a BIC analysis is that the high mpg cars used in the analysis may be unusual
in some way — so unusual that the hypothetical BIC fleet may be deficient in some other attributes considered
desirable by vehicle buyers. Because the BIC analysis is also sensitive to the selection of the best vehicles,
three different procedures were used to select the role models.
Two of these selection procedures use the EPA car size classes (which for cars are the same as those
used for the EPA/DOE Fuel Economy Guide) and the truck type/size classes described previously in this report.
The third best-in-class role model selection procedure is based on using the vehicle inertia weight classes used
for EPA's vehicle testing and certification programs.
The advantage of using and analyzing data from the best-in-size class methods is that if the sales
proportions of each class are held constant, the sales distribution of the resultant fleet by vehicle type and size
does not change. This means that the size of the average vehicle does not change a lot, but there can be some
fluctuation in interior volume for cars because of the distribution of interior volume within a car class.
Similarly, another advantage of using the inertia weight classes to determine the role models is, if the sales
proportions in each inertia weight class are held constant, the sales distribution of the resultant fleet by weight
does not change, and in this case, the average weight remains the same.
71
-------
One way of performing a best-in-class analysis is to use as role models the four nameplates with the
highest fuel economy in each size class. (See Tables Q-l and Q-2 in Appendix Q.) Under this procedure, all
vehicles in a class with the same nameplate are included as role models regardless of vehicle configuration.
Each role model nameplate from each class was assigned the same sales weighting factor, but the original sales
weighting distribution for different vehicle configurations within a given nameplate (e.g., transmission type,
engine size, and/or drive type) was retained. The resulting values were used to recalculate the fleet average
values using the same relative proportions in each of the size classes that constitute the fleet. In cases where
two identical vehicles differ by only one characteristic but have slightly different nameplates (such as the two-
wheel drive Chevrolet C1500 and the four-wheel drive Chevrolet K1500 pickups), both are considered to be
different nameplates. Conversely, in the cases where there are technically identical vehicles with different
nameplates (e.g., the Buick LeSabre and Pontiac Bonneville sedans), only one representative vehicle nameplate
was considered in the BIC analysis.
The second best-in-class role model selection procedure involves selecting as role models the best dozen
vehicles in each size class with each vehicle configuration (some of which may have the same nameplate)
considered separately. Tables Q-3 and Q-4 in Appendix Q give listings of the representative vehicles used in
this method. As with the previous procedure, in cases where technically identical vehicle configurations have
different nameplates, only one representative vehicle was considered. Under this best-in-class method, the sales
data for each role model vehicle in each class was assigned the same value, and the resulting values were used
to re-calculate the fleet values again using the same relative proportions in each of the size classes that
constitute the fleet.
The third best-in-class procedure involves selecting as role models the best dozen vehicles in each
weight class. As with the previous method, each vehicle configuration was considered separately. (See Tables
Q-5 and Q-6 in Appendix Q for a listing of the vehicles used in this analysis.) It should be noted that some of
the weight classes have less than a dozen representative vehicles. In addition, as in the previous two best-in-
class methods, where technically identical vehicle configurations with different nameplates exist, only one
representative vehicle was included. As with the two best-in-size class methods, the sales data for each role
model vehicle in each class was assigned the same value, and the resulting values were used to recalculate the
fleet values again using the same relative proportions in each of the size classes that constitute the fleet.
Tables 28 to 30 compare, for cars, trucks, and both cars and trucks, respectively, the results of the best-
in-class analysis with actual average data for model year 2008. As discussed earlier, for the size class scenarios,
the percentage of vehicles that are small, midsize, or large are the same as for the baseline fleet, and in the
weight class scenarios, the average weight of the BIC data sets is the same as the actual one.
In general, the vehicles used for the BIC analysis have less powerful engines, have slower 0-to-60
acceleration times, and are more likely to be equipped with front wheel drive, VVT, CVTs, and hybrid
powertrains than the entire fleet as a whole.
Depending on the BIC scenario chosen, MY2008 cars could have achieved from 15 to 27 percent better
fuel economy than they did. Similarly, for trucks the potential fuel economy improvement ranges from 12 to 27
percent better fuel economy, and the combined car and truck fleet could have been 13 to 27 percent better.
The best-in-class analyses can be thought of as the mpg potential now in the fleet with no new
technologies added if the higher mpg choices available were selected. As such, the best-in-class analyses
provide a useful reference point reflecting the variation in fuel economy levels that results in large part from
consumer preferences as opposed to technological availability.
72
-------
Table 28
Best in Class Results 2008 Cars
Vehicle
Characteristic
Selection
Basis
Actual
Data
Size
Class
Size
Class
Weight
Class
Selection
Criteria
All
Cars
Best 4
Nameplates
Best 12
Vehicles
Best 12
Vehicles
Fuel Economy
Lab. 55/4 5
30.3
38 . 4
35. i
34 . 7
Adjusted City 20.1
Adjusted Highway 28.4
Adjusted Composite 24.1
26.0
33. 0
29.6
24 . 0
31. 9
27 . 9
23.2
31.1
27 .1
Vehicle Size
Weight (lb.)
Volume (Cu. Ft)
3541
110
3266
110
3224
110
3541
107
Engine
CID
HP
16E
196
129
150
130
153
136
173
HP/CID
HP/WT
1 . 17
. 054
1.16
. 045
1 . 17
. 047
1. 2E
. 04 6
Percent Multivalve 89%
Percent Variable Valve 64%
Percent Diesel <0.1?
95%
79%
0.2?
95%
69%
0.1?
98%
76%
2 .7?
Performance
0-60 Time (Sec.]
Top Speed
9.5
137
10.2
124
10.3
125
10.0
129
Ton-MPG
Cu. Ft. Mpg
Cu. Ft. Ton-MPG
43.3
2738
4789
49.8
3361
5490
45.6
3123
5031
48.5
2951
5169
Drive
Front
Rear
4WD
78?
15?
7?
97?
2?
1?
95?
5?
1?
Transmission
Manual
Lockup
CVT
10?
79?
11?
11?
55?
33?
36?
49?
16?
37?
39?
24?
Hybrid Vehicle
3.7?
30.2?
12 . 9?
12 . 0?
73
-------
Table 29
Best in Class Results 2008 Trucks
Vehicle
Characteri stic
Selection
Basis
Actual
Data
Size
Class
Size
Class
Weight
Class
Selection
Criteria
All
Trucks
Best 4
Nameplates
Best 12
Vehicles
Best 12
Vehicles
Fuel Economy
Lab. 55/45
22.5
28 . 6
27 . 2
25.3
Adjusted City 15.3
Adjusted Highway 20.9
Adjusted Composite 18.1
20.2
24 .1
22.2
18 . 9
23. 9
21. 4
17 . 4
22. 6
20.0
Vehicle Size
Weight (lb.
4741
4 605
4282
4741
Engine
CID
HP
240
251
205
206
198
209
219
237
HP/CID
HP/WT
1.06
. 053
1 . 02
. 044
1. 07
.049
1.10
. 050
Percent Multivalve 65%
Percent Variable Valve 51%
Percent Diesel 0.23
72%
43%
12.83
76%
60%
4 .33
76%
59%
7.5?
Performance
0-60 Time (Sec.
Top Speed
9.7
141
9.2
129
9.5
133
9.6
137
Ton-MPG
42. 9
52.4
46.6
47 . 8
Drive
Front
Rear
4WD
273
233
503
283
333
393
423
273
313
303
253
453
Transmission
Manual
Lockup
CVT
33
933
53
113
503
393
273
4 93
243
83
753
183
Hybrid Vehicle
1.23
47.23
21. 41
13.23
74
-------
Table 30
Best in Class Results 2008 Light Duty Vehicles
Vehicle
Characteri s ti c
Selection
Basis
Actual
Data
Size
Class
Size
Class
Weight
Class
Selection
Criteria
All
Vehicles
Best 4
Nameplates
Best 12
Vehicles
Best 12
Vehicles
Fuel Economy
Lab. 55/45
26.0
33. 0
31.1
29.4
Adjusted City 17.5
Adjusted Highway 2 4.2
Adjusted Composite 20.8
22. 8
28 . 1
25.5
21.2
27.5
24 . 4
20 . 0
26.4
23.2
Vehicle Size
Weight (lb.)
4117
3909
3732
4117
Engine
CID
HP
203
222
166
177
163
180
176
204
HP/CID
HP/WT
1 . 12
. 054
1.09
. 045
1 .12
. 048
1.19
.049
Percent Multivalve 77%
Percent Variable Valve 58%
Percent Diesel 0.1?
84%
62%
6.3s?
8 6%
65%
2 . 1?
88?
68?
5.0?
Performance
0-60 Time (Sec.
Top Speed
9.6
139
9.7
126
9.9
129
9.8
133
Ton-MPG
43.1
51. 1
46.1
48.2
Drive
Front
Rear
4WD
53?
19?
28?
64?
17?
19?
69?
15?
16?
58?
16?
26?
Transmission
Manual
Lockup
CVT
11?
53?
36?
32?
4 9?
20?
23?
56?
21?
Hybrid Vehicle
2.5?
38.3?
17 . 0?
12. (
75
-------
Another general approach for determining potential fuel economy improvement is to study the effects on
fuel economy caused by the changes that have occurred in the distributions of vehicle weight and size. This
technique involves preserving the average characteristics of vehicles within each size or weight strata in today's
fleet, but re-mixing the sales distributions to match those of a baseline year and then calculating the fleet wide
averages for those characteristics using the re-mixed sales data. The sales distribution of the resultant fleet by
vehicle type and size, thus is forced to be the same as that for the base year. As with the best in car size class
technique, there can be some fluctuation in average interior volume for cars because of the distribution of
interior volume within a car class. Similarly, if the sales proportions in each inertia weight class are held the
same as the base year's, the sales distribution of the resultant fleet by weight remains the same as that for the
base year change, and the recalculated average weight is the same as the base year's.
It is important to note that, for Tables 31 and 32 below, both hybrid and diesel vehicles were excluded
so that only vehicles with conventional powertrains were considered. Accordingly, the data in the rows for
actual 2008, 1981, and 1988 typically differ slightly from data reported elsewhere in this report.
Table 31 compares weight, interior volume, engine CID and HP, estimated 0-to-60 time and laboratory
fuel economy for conventionally powered MY2008 cars as calculated from the actual 2008 sales distribution
and then recalculated using the size and weight distributions from MY1981 and MY1988. The base years of
1981 and 1988 were chosen because 1981 was the year with the lowest average weight and horsepower levels,
and 1988 was the year with the highest LAB fuel economy. This table includes the actual 1981 and 1988 fleet
Table 31
Characteristics of MY 2008 Cars
Calculated From:
Inertia
Weight
Interior
Volume
Engine
CID
HP
to 60
Time
Lab 55/45
MPG
2008 Actual Distribution
1981 Weight Distribution
1988 Weight Distribution
1981 Size Distribution
1988 Size Distribution
Reference: 1981 Actual
Reference: 1988 Actual
3549 110 171
3043 98 136
3047 102 130
3498 108 165
3447 107 161
3043 106 178
3047 107 160
199 9.5 29.8
171 9.6 32.9
156 10.2 34.2
195 9.5 30.2
189 9.6 30.5
99 14.1 24.9
116 12.8 28.6
Percent Change:
2008 Actual Distribution
1981 Weight Distribution
1988 Weight Distribution
1981 Size Distribution
1988 Size Distribution
Reference: 1981 Actual
Reference: 1988 Actual
0% 0% 0%
-14% -11% -20%
-14% -7% -24%
-1% -2% -4%
-3% -3% -6%
-14% -4% 4%
-14% -3% -6%
0% 0% 0%
-14% 1% 10%
-22% 7% 15%
-2% 0% 1%
SO -1 O o
o ± o Z, o
-50% 48% -16%
-42% 35% -4%
76
-------
averages as a point of reference. In both of the weight distribution cases, the fuel economy of the re-mixed
MY2008 fleet would have been higher than actually is: 10 percent if the 1981 weight distribution is used, 15
percent if the 1988 weight distribution is used. For both re-mixed weight cases, interior volume and
horsepower are substantially lower. Using the MY1981 and MY1988 size mix distributions result in a much
smaller change of only a 1 to 2 percent increase in car fuel economy. In addition, both of these remixed car
class scenarios results in an average weight and horsepower for the hypothetical remixed fleets that is very close
to the actual MY2008 data.
Table 32 shows similar data for trucks, and as with the car class cases using either the 1981 or the 1988
sales distribution by weight class, results in higher recalculated fuel economy than using the corresponding size
class sales distribution. Figures 70 to 73 compare actual fuel economy for all model years from 1975 to 2007
with what it would have been had the distributions of weight or size been the same as 1981 or 1988. For both
cars and trucks, using either the 1981 or 1988 weight class distribution, results in significantly high fuel
economy improvements than the similar size class cases.
Table 32
Characteristics of MY 2008 Trucks
Inertia
Engine
0
to 60
Lab 55/'
Weight
CID
HP
Time
MPG
Calculated From:
2008 Actual Distribution
4743
241
252
9.7
22.4
1981 Weight Distribution
3841
173
198
9.9
27.6
1988 Weight Distribution
3838
174
191
10.2
27.5
1981 Size Distribution
4523
246
250
9.8
22.4
1988 Size Distribution
4362
225
225
10.1
23.2
Reference: 1981 Actual
3841
252
121
14.4
19.7
Reference: 1988 Actual
3838
227
141
12.9
21.2
Percent Change:
2008 Actual Distribution
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
1981 Weight Distribution
-19%
-28%
-21
o
o
2%
23%
1988 Weight Distribution
-19%
-28%
-24
o
o
5%
23%
1981 Size Distribution
-5%
2%
-1%
1%
0%
1988 Size Distribution
-8%
-7%
-11
o
o
4%
4%
Reference: 1981 Actual
-19%
5%
-52
o
o
48%
-12%
Reference: 1988 Actual
-19%
-6%
-44
o
o
33%
-5%
77
-------
Effect of Weight and Size On Car Fuel Economy
Lab 55/45 MPG
40
35
30
25
Distribution
20
"Actual
¦ 1981 Weight
o 1981 Size
15
10
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Model Year
Fiaure 70
Effect of Weight and Size On Truck Fuel Economy
Lab 55/45 MPG
40
Distrihutio
— Actual
¦ 1981 Weig
o 1981 Size
35
30
25
20
OQOOOOVOQO
15
10
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Model Year
Figure 71
78
-------
Effect of Weight and Size On Car Fuel Economy
Lab 55/45 MPG
40
35
_ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦
^ nr t
30
25
Distribution
20
—Actual
¦ 1988 Weight
o 1988 Size
15
10
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Model Year
Figure 72
Effect of Weight and Size On Truck Fuel Economy
Lab 55/45 MPG
--
Distribution
^—Actual
¦ 1988 Weight
o 1988 Size
¦ ¦¦
¦ ¦¦
..'•l
jrT"*-
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Model Year
Figure 73
79
-------
VIII. References
1. "U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Fuel Economy and Emission Control," November 1972.
2. "Passenger Car Fuel Economy - Trends and Influencing Factors," SAE Paper 730790, Austin and Hellman,
September 1973.
3. "Fuel Economy of the 1975 Models," SAE Paper 740970, Austin and Hellman, October 1974.
4. "Passenger Car Fuel Economy Trends Through 1976," SAE Paper 750957, Austin and Service, October
1975.
5. "Light-Duty Automotive Fuel Economy Trends Through 1977," SAE Paper 760795, Murrell, Pace, Service,
and Yeager, October 1976.
6. "Light-Duty Automotive Fuel Economy Trends Through 1978," SAE Paper 780036, Murrell, February
1978.
7. "Light-Duty Automotive Fuel Economy Trends Through 1979," SAE Paper 790225, Murrell, February
1979.
8. "Light-Duty Automotive Fuel Economy Trends Through 1980," SAE Paper 800853, Murrell, Foster and
Bristor, June 1980.
9. "Light-Duty Automotive Fuel Economy Trends Through 1981," SAE Paper 810386, Foster, Murrell and
Loos, February 1981.
10. "Light-Duty Automotive Fuel Economy Trends Through 1982," SAE Paper 820300, Cheng, LeBaron,
Murrell, and Loos, February 1982.
11. "Why Vehicles Don't Achieve EPA MPG On the Road and How That Shortfall Can Be Accounted For,"
SAE Paper 820791, Hellman and Murrell, June 1982.
12. "Light-Duty Automobile Fuel Economy Trends through 1983," SAE Paper 830544, Murrell, Loos,
Heavenrich, and Cheng, February 1983.
13. "Passenger Car Fuel Economy - Trends Through 1984," SAE Paper 840499, Heavenrich, Murrell, Cheng,
and Loos, February 1984.
14. "Light Truck Fuel Economy - Trends through 1984," SAE Paper 841405, Loos, Cheng, Murrell and
Heavenrich, October 1984.
15. "Light-Duty Automotive Fuel Economy - Trends Through 1985," SAE Paper 850550, Heavenrich, Murrell,
Cheng, and Loos, March 1985.
16. "Light-Duty Automotive Trends Through 1986," SAE Paper 860366, Heavenrich, Cheng, and Murrell,
February 1986.
17. "Trends in Alternate Measures of Vehicle Fuel Economy," SAE Paper 861426, Hellman and Murrell,
September 1986.
80
-------
18. "Light-Duty Automotive Trends Through 1987," SAE Paper 871088, Heavenrich, Murrell, and Cheng,
May 1987.
19. "Light-Duty Automotive Trends Through 1988," U.S. EPA, EPA/AA/CTAB/88-07, Heavenrich and
Murrell, June 1988.
20. "Light-Duty Automotive and Technology Trends Through 1989," U.S. EPA, EPA/AA/CTAB/89-04,
Heavenrich, Murrell, and Hellman, May 1989.
21. "Downward Trend in Passenger Car Fuel Economy—A View of Recent Data," U.S. EPA,
EPA/AA/CTAB/90-01, Murrell and Heavenrich, January 1990.
22. "Options for Controlling the Global Warming Impact from Motor Vehicles," U.S. EPA,
EPA/AA/CTAB/89-08, Heavenrich, Murrell, and Hellman, December 1989.
23. "Light-Duty Automotive Technology and Fuel Economy Trends through 1990," U.S. EPA,
EPA/AA/CTAB/90-03, Heavenrich and Murrell, June 1990.
24. "Light-Duty Automotive Technology and Fuel Economy Trends through 1991," U.S. EPA/AA/CTAB/91-
02, Heavenrich, Murrell, and Hellman, May 1991.
25. "Light-Duty Automotive Technology and Fuel Economy Trends through 1993," U.S. EPA/AA/TDG/93-01,
Murrell, Hellman, and Heavenrich, May 1993.
26. "Light-Duty Automotive Technology and Fuel Economy Trends through 1996," U.S. EPA/AA/TDSG/96-
01, Heavenrich and Hellman, July 1996.
27. "Light-Duty Automotive Technology and Fuel Economy Trends through 1999," U.S. EPA420-R-99-018,
Heavenrich and Hellman, September 1999.
28. "Light-Duty Automotive Technology and Fuel Economy Trends 1975 through 2000," U.S. EPA420-R-00-
008, Heavenrich and Hellman, December 2000.
29. "Light-Duty Automotive Technology and Fuel Economy Trends 1975 through 2001," U.S. EPA420-R-01-
008, Heavenrich and Hellman, September 2001.
30. "Light-Duty Automotive Technology and Fuel Economy Trends 1975 through 2003," U.S. EPA420-R-03-
006, Heavenrich and Hellman, April 2003.
31. "Light-Duty Automotive Technology and Fuel Economy Trends 1975 through 2004," U.S. EPA420-R-04-
001, Heavenrich and Hellman, April 2004.
32. "Light-Duty Automotive Technology and Fuel Economy Trends 1975 through 2005," U.S. EPA420-R-05-
001, Robert M. Heavenrich, July 2005.
33. "Light-Duty Automotive Technology and Fuel Economy Trends 1975 through 2006," U.S. EPA420-R-06-
011, Robert M. Heavenrich, July 2006.
34. "Light-Duty Automotive Technology and Fuel Economy Trends: 1975 through 2007," U.S. EPA420-S-07-
001, Office of Transportation and Air Quality, September 2007.
81
-------
35. "Concise Description of Auto Fuel Economy in Recent Years," SAE Paper 760045, Malliaris, Hsia and
Gould, February 1976.
36. "Automotive Engine - A Future Perspective," SAE Paper 891666, Amann, 1989.
37. "Regression Analysis of Acceleration Performance of Light-Duty Vehicles," DOT HS 807 763, Young,
September 1991.
38. "Determinates of Multiple Measures of Acceleration," SAE Paper 931805, Santini and Anderson, 1993.
82
-------
Appendices
Appendix A: Database Details and Calculation Methods
Appendix B: Model Year 2008 Nameplate Fuel Economy Listings
Appendix C: Fuel Economy Distribution Data
Appendix D: Data Stratified by Vehicle Type
Appendix E: Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Size
Appendix F: Car Data Stratified by EPA Car Class
Appendix G: Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Appendix H: Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Appendix I: Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission Type
Appendix J: Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count
Appendix K: Data Stratified by Vehicle Type, Engine Type
and Valves Per Cylinder
Appendix L: Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Marketing Group
Appendix M: Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type
and Weight Class
Appendix N: Fuel Economy and Ton-MPG by Marketing Group,
Vehicle Type and Size
Appendix O: MY2008 Fuel Economy by Vehicle Type, Weight
and Marketing Group
Appendix P: Data Stratified by Marketing Group and Vehicle Type
Appendix Q: Characteristics of Fleets Comprised of Fuel
Efficient Vehicles
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
EPA-420-R-08-015
September 2008
-------
Light-Duty Automotive Technology and
Appendix A
Database Details and Calculation Methods
This technical report does not necessarily represent final EPA decisions or
positions. It is intended to present technical analysis of issues using data
that are currently available. The purpose in the release of such reports is to
facilitate the exchange of technical information and to inform the public of
technical developments.
Fuel Economy Trends
1975 Through 2008
~
#
Compliance and Innovative Strategies Division
and
Transportation and Climate Division
Offce of T ransportation and Air Quality
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
NOTICE
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
EPA420-R-08-015
September 2008
-------
Harmonically Averaging Fuel Economy Values
Dimensionally, fuel economy is miles divided by gallons. Then, presented with more
than one fuel economy value, an approach to averaging the values is to compute the result by
determining the total miles traveled and dividing that by the total gallons used.
Example: A motorist's fuel economy log for May shows that 704 miles were
accumulated around town in which the fuel economy was 16 mpg, and one 216 mile highway
trip was taken on which the fuel economy was 24 mpg. What is the average fuel economy for
May?
The total miles are 704 + 216 = 920. The total gallons thus are 704 / 16 = 44 plus
216 / 24 = 9 or a total of 53 gallons. The average mpg is 920 / 53 = 17.4 mpg. Notice that the
arithmetic average of the two fuel economy values (16 + 24) I 2 = 20 mpg gives an individual
result that is higher than the total miles/total gallons result.
Even if the around-town miles traveled and the highway trip miles traveled were the same
(460 miles), the average fuel economy would not be 20; it would be 19.2 mpg. This is because
in the total miles/total gallons approach, fuel consumption is arithmetically averaged, but fuel
economy is harmonically averaged, so for the second example (equal trip distances), the
calculation would be:
Average MPG = 2 / (1/16 + 1/24) = 19.2 MPG,
which is the same as arithmetically averaging the two fuel consumption values.
A specific example of this type of averaging approach is shown in the calculation of the
overall average fuel economy using the EPA "city" (MPGc) and EPA "highway" (MPGh) fuel
economy values.
Average MPG = Total Miles
Total Gallons
= Total Miles
City Gallons + Highway Gallons
= Total Miles
City Miles/City MPG + Highway Miles/Highway MPG
EPA420-R-08-015 A-l September 2008
-------
Now, if city miles are 55 percent of total miles and highway miles are the remaining 45
percent, after dividing by total miles,
Average MPG = 1
(55/MPG c) + (45/MPG H)
and this average mpg would represent a composite mpg value based on the 55% city/45%
highway driving in this example. This 55% city/45%) highway weighting is the metric in this
report for laboratory composite fuel economy values.
The same approach can be used when the average mpg of a group of vehicles with
different mpg values is to be calculated. Suppose a fleet of 100,000 vehicles is made up of two
classes, one of 70,000 vehicles whose fuel economy is 10 mpg and the other of 30,000 vehicles
whose fuel economy is 14 mpg. Each vehicle in the fleet is assumed to travel the same number
of miles (M),
Total Miles = 100,000 M
Total Gallons = 70,000 M / 10 + 30,000 M / 14
and the average fuel economy is:
Average Fuel Economy = 1
.7/10 + .3/14
= 10.9 mpg
where .7 and .3 are the relative shares of each vehicle class in the fleet. Notice that, again, the
arithmetic average of the class fuel economy values (10 + 14)/2 = 12 mpg is higher.
In general, some form of a weighted harmonic mean must be used when averaging
different fuel economy values in order to maintain mathematical integrity.
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
A-2
September 2008
-------
Estimated and Final Sales Data
Table A-l compares average laboratory 55/45 fuel economy for model years 1998
through 2006 at three points in time, and for MY2007 at two points in time:
(1) an initial estimate determined early in each model year using just projected sales;
(2) a revised estimate determined by using trade publication sales data that were
obtained after the end of each model year, but before the final CAFE data were
submitted by automakers to the Federal Government; and
(3) final fuel economy values determined from CAFE compliance data provided
by the manufacturers to the Federal Government after the end of the model year.
The final car plus truck fuel economy values have varied from 0.4 mpg lower to 0.6 mpg
higher compared to the original estimates based exclusively on estimated sales. The revised car
plus truck value for MY2006 in this report is 0.6 mpg higher than the initial estimate for 2006 in
last year's report, which suggests that sustained, higher gasoline prices have led to some changes
in consumer demand relative to what manufacturers expected prior to the start of 2006.
Table A-l
Comparison of Laboratory 55/45 MPG
Model
Initial
Revised
Final
Year
Estimate
Estimate
Value
1998
28 . 6
28 . 6
28.5
1999
28.1
28.2
28.1
2000
28.1
28.3
28.2
2001
28.3
28.3
28.4
2002
28.5
28.5
28.6
2003
29.0
28.9
28.9
2004
28.7
28.9
28.9
2005
28.9
29.2
29.5
2006
28.8
29.2
29.2
2007
29.4
30.3
1998
20.6
20.6
20.9
1999
20.3
20.4
20.5
2000
20.5
20.5
20.8
2001
20.3
20.4
20.6
2002
20.4
20.3
20.6
2003
20.8
20.9
20.9
2004
20.9
20.9
20.8
2005
21.3
21.2
21.4
2006
21.5
21.9
21.8
2007
22.1
22.1
1998
24.4
24.4
24.5
1999
23.8
24.0
24.1
2000
24.0
23.9
24.3
2001
23.9
24.0
24.2
2002
24.0
23.9
24.1
2003
24.4
24.2
24.3
2004
24.4
24.4
24.0
2005
24 . 6
24 . 6
24.8
2006
24 . 6
25 .3
25.2
2007
25 .3
25 .7
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
A-3
September 2008
-------
Use of 3-Year Moving Averages
Use of the three-year moving averages, which effectively smooth the trends, results in an
improvement in discriminating real trends from what might be relatively small year-to-year
variations in the data. For this report, as shown in Table A-2, these three-year moving averages
are tabulated at the midpoint. For example, the midpoint for model years 2002, 2003, and 2004
is MY2003.
Table A-2
Light-Duty Vehicle Laboratory Fuel Economy and Truck Sales Fraction
Actual
Data
Three-Year Moving Average
55/45
Fuel Economy
Truck
55/45
Fuel Economy
Truck
Year
Cars
Trucks
Both
Sales
Cars
Trucks
Both
Sales
Fraction
Fraction
1975
15.8
13.7
15 .3
0.194
1976
17.5
14.4
16.7
0.212
17.1
14.5
16.5
0.202
1977
18 .3
15. 6
17.7
0.200
18 .5
15.1
17.6
0.213
1978
19.9
15.2
18 . 6
0.227
19.4
15.2
18 .3
0.216
1979
20.3
14.7
18 .7
0.222
21.1
16.0
19.8
0.205
1980
23.5
18. 6
22 .5
0.165
22.8
17.5
21.5
0.187
1981
25.1
20.1
24.1
0.173
24.8
19.7
23.7
0.178
1982
26.0
20.5
24.7
0.197
25 .7
20.5
24.5
0.197
1983
25.9
20.9
24 . 6
0.223
26.1
20.6
24 . 6
0.219
1984
26.3
20.5
24 . 6
0.239
26.4
20.6
24.7
0.239
1985
27.0
20.6
25.0
0.254
27.0
20.8
25.1
0.258
1986
27.9
21.4
25 .7
0.283
27.6
21.2
25 .5
0.272
1987
28.1
21.6
25.9
0.278
28.2
21.4
25.8
0.286
1988
28 . 6
21.2
25.9
0.298
28.3
21.2
25.8
0.294
1989
28.1
20.9
25.4
0.307
28.2
20.9
25.5
0.302
1990
27.8
20.7
25.2
0.302
28.0
21.0
25.3
0.310
1991
28.0
21.3
25.4
0.322
27.8
20.9
25.2
0.319
1992
27.6
20.8
24.9
0.334
27.9
21.0
25.1
0.339
1993
28.2
21.0
25.1
0.360
28.0
20.8
24.8
0.366
1994
28.0
20.8
24.6
0.404
28.2
20.7
24.8
0.381
1995
28.3
20.5
24.7
0.380
28.2
20.7
24.7
0.395
1996
28.3
20.8
24.8
0.400
28.3
20.7
24.7
0.401
1997
28.4
20.6
24.5
0.424
28.4
20.8
24 . 6
0.424
1998
28.5
20.9
24.5
0.449
28.4
20.7
24.4
0.441
1999
28.2
20.5
24.1
0.449
28.3
20.7
24.3
0.449
2000
28.2
20.8
24.3
0.449
28.3
20.6
24.2
0.453
2001
28.4
20.6
24.2
0.461
28.4
20.6
24.2
0.465
2002
28 . 6
20.6
24.1
0.485
28.7
20.7
24.2
0.481
2003
28.9
20.9
24.3
0.496
28.8
20.8
24.1
0.500
2004
28.9
20.8
24.0
0.520
29.1
21.0
24.4
0.504
2005
29.5
21.4
24.8
0. 495
29.2
21.3
24.7
0. 495
2006
29.2
21.8
25.2
0. 471
29.7
21.7
25.2
0.480
2007
30.3
22.1
25.7
0. 475
29.9
22.1
25. 6
0. 475
2008
30.3
22 .5
26.0
0.480
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
A-4
September 2008
-------
Table A-2 (Continued)
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Light-Duty Vehicle Adjusted Fuel Economy
Cars
Each Year's Data 3 Year Moving Avg.
CITY HWY COMP CITY HWY COMP
12 .3
15 .2
13.5
13.7
16.6
14.9
13.4
16.3
14 . 6
14.4
17.4
15 . 6
14 .5
17.6
15.8
15 .5
19.1
16.9
15 .3
18 .5
16.6
15.9
19.2
17.2
16.5
20.2
18.0
18 .3
22 . 6
20.0
17.8
21.8
19.4
19. 6
24.2
21.4
19.3
24.1
21.2
20.1
25 .5
22 .2
19.8
25.1
21.9
19.9
25 .5
22.1
20.1
25 .7
22.2
20.2
26.0
22.4
20.3
26.1
22.5
20.7
26.8
23.0
20.7
26.8
23.0
21.2
27.6
23.7
21.0
27.4
23.5
21.2
27.7
23.8
21.3
27.8
23.9
21.4
28.2
24.1
21.2
27.9
23.9
20.9
27.9
23.7
20.9
27.8
23.7
20.5
27.5
23.3
20.6
27.7
23.5
20.5
27.6
23.4
20.3
27.5
23.3
20.0
27.5
23.1
20.2
27.6
23.3
20.3
27.9
23.5
20.1
27.7
23.3
20.0
27.7
23.3
20.1
27.9
23.4
20.0
28.1
23.4
19.9
27.9
23.3
19.8
28.0
23.3
19.9
28.0
23.4
19.8
28.0
23.4
19.8
28.0
23.4
19.7
28.0
23.4
19. 6
27.8
23.2
19.4
27.5
23.0
19.5
27.6
23.1
19.3
27.3
22.9
19.3
27.4
23.0
19.4
27.3
23.0
19.4
27.3
23.0
19.4
27.2
23.1
19.4
27.3
23.1
19.5
27.5
23.2
19.4
27.4
23.2
19.3
27.4
23.1
19.4
27.5
23.3
19.6 27.6 23.5
19.4 27.5 23.3
20.1 28.3 24.1
20.1 28.4 24.1
19.4 27.5 23.3
19.7 27.8 23.6
19.9 28.1 23.8
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
A-5
September 2008
-------
Table A-2 (Continued)
Light-Duty Vehicle Adjusted Fuel Economy
Trucks
Model
Year
Each Year's Data
CITY HWY COMP
3 Year Moving Avg.
CITY HWY COMP
1975
10.9
12 .7
11.6
1976
11.5
13.2
12 .2
11.7
13.3
12.3
1977
12 . 6
14.1
13.3
12 .2
13.7
12.8
1978
12.4
13.7
12.9
12.4
13.6
12.9
1979
12.1
13.1
12 .5
13.0
14.4
13. 6
1980
14.8
17.1
15.8
14.1
15.9
14.9
1981
16.0
18 . 6
17.1
15 .7
18 .2
16.7
1982
16.3
19.0
17.4
16.3
19.1
17. 4
1983
16.5
19. 6
17.8
16.3
19.3
17.5
1984
16.1
19.3
17.4
16.3
19.4
17.6
1985
16.2
19.4
17.5
16.4
19.6
17.7
1986
16.8
20.2
18.2
16.6
20.0
18.0
1987
16.8
20.5
18.3
16.6
20.3
18.1
1988
16.2
20.2
17. 9
16.3
20.2
17.9
1989
15.9
19.8
17. 6
15.9
19.9
17.6
1990
15. 6
19.8
17. 4
15.8
20.0
17.6
1991
15.9
20.3
17. 8
15.7
20.0
17.5
1992
15.5
19.9
17. 4
15. 6
20.1
17.5
1993
15.5
20.1
17.5
15.4
19.9
17.3
1994
15 .3
19.7
17.2
15 .2
19.7
17.2
1995
15.0
19.5
17.0
15.1
19.7
17.1
1996
15.1
19.9
17.2
15.0
19. 6
17. 0
1997
14.8
19.5
17.0
14.9
19.7
17.1
1998
14.9
19.8
17.1
14.8
19.5
16.9
1999
14 . 6
19.2
16.7
14 .7
19.5
16.9
2000
14 .7
19.4
16.9
14 . 6
19.2
16.8
2001
14 . 6
19.1
16.7
14 . 6
19.2
16.8
2002
14.4
19.1
16.7
14 .5
19.1
16.8
2003
14 . 6
19.3
16.9
14.4
19.2
16.8
2004
14 .3
19.2
16.7
14.5
19.4
16.9
2005 14.6 19.8 17.2 14.6 19.7 17.1
2006 14.9 20.1 17.5 14.9 20.1 17.5
2007 15.1 20.4 17.7 15.1 20.4 17.7
2008 15.3 20.9 18.1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
A- 6
September 2008
-------
Table A-2 (Continued)
Light-Duty Vehicle Adjusted Fuel Economy
Cars and Trucks
Model
Year
Each Year's Data
CITY HWY COMP
3 Year Moving Avg.
CITY HWY COMP
1975
12.0
14 . 6
13.1
1976
13.2
15 .7
14 .2
13.0
15. 6
14.1
1977
14.0
16.6
15.1
13.9
16.6
15.0
1978
14 .7
17.5
15.8
14 .5
17.2
15 . 6
1979
14.9
17.4
15.9
15 . 6
18. 6
16.8
1980
17.6
21.5
19.2
16.9
20.3
18 .3
1981
18.8
23.0
20.5
18 .5
22.8
20.2
1982
19.2
23.9
21.1
19.0
23.6
20.8
1983
19.0
23.9
21.0
19.1
23.9
21.0
1984
19.1
24.0
21.0
19.1
24.1
21.1
1985
19.3
24.4
21.3
19.4
24.5
21.4
1986
19.8
25.0
21.8
19.6
24.9
21.7
1987
19.8
25.3
22.0
19.7
25 .2
21.9
1988
19.6
25.2
21.9
19.5
25.1
21.7
1989
19.1
24.8
21.4
19.1
24.9
21.5
1990
18.7
24.6
21.2
18.9
24.7
21.3
1991
18.8
24.7
21.2
18. 6
24 . 6
21.1
1992
18.2
24.4
20.8
18.4
24.5
21.0
1993
18.2
24.4
20.9
18.1
24.2
20.7
1994
17. 8
23.8
20.4
17.9
24.1
20.6
1995
17.7
24.1
20.5
17.7
24.0
20.4
1996
17.6
24.0
20.4
17.6
23.9
20.3
1997
17.4
23.6
20.1
17.4
23.7
20.2
1998
17.2
23.6
20.1
17.1
23.4
20.0
1999
16.9
23.0
19.7
17.0
23.2
19.8
2000
16.9
23.0
19.8
16.9
23.0
19.7
2001
16.8
22.8
19. 6
16.8
22.8
19.6
2002
16.6
22 .5
19.4
16.7
22 .7
19.5
2003
16.7
22 .7
19. 6
16.6
22 . 6
19.4
2004
16.3
22.4
19.3
16.6
22 .7
19.6
2005 16.8 23.1 19.9 16.7 23.0 19.8
2006 17.0 23.4 20.1 17.0 23.5 20.2
2007 17.3 23.9 20.6 17.3 23.8 20.5
2008 17.5 24.2 20.8
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
A-7
September 2008
-------
Vehicle Classification Exceptions
The truck size classification scheme used in this report is based primarily on published
wheelbase data. For cars, vehicle classification as to vehicle type, size class, and manufacturer/
marketing group generally follows fuel economy label, Fuel Economy Guide, and fuel economy
standards protocols; exceptions are listed in Table A-3. The classification of a vehicle for this
report is based on the authors' engineering judgment and is not a replacement for definitions
used in implementing automotive standards legislation.
Table A-3
Group/Manufacturer/Vehicles
Are Classified As:
Chrysler: Colt 4WD Wagon*
Chrysler: Colt Vista*
Chrysler: Pacifica
Chrysler: PT Cruiser
Chrysler: PT Cruiser Convertible
Chrysler: Summit Wagon*
Chrysler: Dodge Ram Charger*
Chrysler: Dodge Magnum
Chrysler: Eagle 4WD Wagon*
Small Wagon
Small Van
Large Wagon
Small Wagon
Subcompact
Small Van
Large Sedan
Midsize Wagon
Car
Ford: Ford Pinto Van*
Ford: Volvo V70 XC
GM
GM
GM
Nissan:
HHR
Isuzu Oasis*
Pontiac Vibe
Infiniti EX35
Car
Midsize Wagon
Small Wagon
Midsize Van
Small Wagon
Midsize SUV
Toyota: Lexus RX300*
Toyota: Matrix
VW: Audi Allroad*
Other: Subaru Outback AWD Wagon
Other: Subaru Forester
Other: Subaru Baja*
Other: Suzuki X-90*
Other: Mitsubishi Expo*
Other: Mitsubishi Space Wagon*
Other: Mercedes R-Series
Midsize SUV
Small Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Small SUV
Small Pickup
Small SUV
Small Van
Small Van
Large Wagon
* Not manufactured in MY2008.
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
A-8
September 2008
-------
Methodology for Adjusted Fuel Economy Values
for Model Years 1986-2008
On December 27, 2006, EPA published regulations that changed the methodology for
calculating the city and highway fuel economy label estimates for new passenger cars and light
trucks (71 Federal Register 77872). This revised methodology provides fuel economy estimates
to consumers that better reflect real world fuel economy. The methodology incorporates test
data that directly account for several important factors that affect fuel economy in the real world,
such as high speeds, aggressive accelerations and decelerations, the use of air conditioning, and
operation in cold temperatures, and indirectly accounts for a number of other factors that are not
reflected in EPA laboratory test data.
These vehicle fuel economy label changes were implemented beginning with the 2008
model year. For model years 2008-2010, manufacturers have two options for calculating city
and highway fuel economy labels: 1) use vehicle-specific "5-cycle" (Federal Test Procedure for
urban stop-and-go driving, Highway Fuel Economy Test for rural driving, US06 test for high
speeds and aggressive driving, SC03 test for air conditioning operation, and cold FTP test for
cold temperature operation) fuel economy test data in "composite" equations that calculate
vehicle-specific city and highway fuel economy values using weighting factors for data from
each of the 5 EPA test cycles, or 2) use an industry-average "mpg-based" method, which yields
mpg-based adjustments based on a regression of recent 5-cycle fuel economy data for the
industry as a whole. Beginning in 2011, manufacturers must use the 5-cycle method. For more
details on the derivation of these options, the specific equations that allow an automaker to
calculate new label values using either the vehicle-specific 5-cycle test data or the industry-
average mpg-based approach, and the impact of these changes on average fuel economy label
values, see the Preamble to the new regulations (71 Federal Register 77881-77893).
Beginning with the 2007 report, EPA has made significant changes in how adjusted
(ADJ) fuel economy values for model years 1986 through 2008 are calculated to reflect the
revised EPA fuel economy label methodology. These changes affect every table and figure in
the report that involve adjusted fuel economy data. Accordingly, adjusted fuel economy values
for 1986 and later model years should not be compared with the corresponding values from pre-
2007 reports in this series. Specifically, the adjusted fuel economy values for 1986-2008 in this
report differ from those in pre-2007 reports as explained below.
• For model years 2005-2008, EPA calculates adjusted fuel economy values for most of
the individual models in the fuel economy trends database using the following city
and highway "mpg-based" equations from the EPA fuel economy labeling
rulemaking:
1
New ADJ CITY =
0.003259+ 1.1805
LAB CITY
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
A-9
September 2008
-------
New ADJ HWY =
0.001376+ 1.3466
LAB HWY
The above equations are not used if a manufacturer chooses the option of providing
vehicle-specific 5-cycle test data for an individual model. In that case, the adjusted
fuel economy values are calculated using equations with weighting factors for the
data from the 5-cycle tests. For MY2008, manufacturers chose this option for a small
number of individual models.
Calculating fleetwide adjusted city and highway fuel economy values for a given
model year requires a harmonic, sales-weighted average of all of the adjusted city and
highway fuel economy values for individual models.
The above equations yield a greater downward adjustment for higher fuel economy
vehicles than for lower fuel economy vehicles. For example, compared to the older
fuel economy label methodology, a 15 mpg city value will be reduced by an
additional 10%, while a 50 mpg city value will be reduced by an additional 18%.
Likewise, a 20 mpg highway value will be reduced by an additional 7%, while a 50
mpg highway value will be reduced by an additional 11%. EPA projected an overall
average fleetwide adjustment of 11% lower for city fuel economy and 8% lower for
highway fuel economy, beyond that in the older label adjustment methodology that
has been used in pre-2007 reports in this series. These factors can be used to convert
older adjusted fuel economy values to the newer adjusted fuel economy values for the
current fleet as a whole, but would not be appropriate factors to use for individual
models or for a future fleet with different mpg characteristics.
This report seldom uses separate city and highway fuel economy values, but typically
uses the composite city/highway fuel economy value. Pre-2007 reports used a 55%
city/45%) highway weighting for adjusted composite fuel economy values, the same
weighting used for laboratory composite values and for the CAFE compliance
program. The analysis of real world driving activity underlying the newer fuel
economy label methodology assumed a "speed cutpoint" of 45 miles per hour to
differentiate between city and highway driving (71 Federal Register 77904). Based
on this speed cutpoint, the correct weighting for correlating the new city and highway
fuel economy values with real world driving, on a miles driven basis, is 43%
city/57%) highway. Accordingly, the 43% city/57%) highway weighting is now used
for all adjusted composite city /highway fuel economy values beginning with the 2005
model year.
The appropriate fleetwide factors to convert laboratory or older adjusted fuel
economy values to the newer adjusted fuel economy values are dependent on the city
fuel economy-to-highway fuel economy ratios in the fleet. On average, for the
current fleet, combining the 11% lower adjustment for city fuel economy, the 8%
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
A-10
September 2008
-------
lower adjustment for highway fuel economy, and the shift to the 43% city/57%
highway weighting, the newer adjustment for city/highway composite fuel economy
values is 6% lower than that used in the older label adjustment methodology. This
6% lower value is the average impact for a fleet with the mpg and city fuel economy-
to-highway fuel economy characteristics of the current fleet, and would not be the
appropriate value for individual models, partial fleet segments, or for future fleets
with different mpg and city fuel economy-to-highway fuel economy distributions.
• For model years 1986 through 2004, EPA calculates adjusted fuel economy values
based on the assumption that the impacts of the factors that have led to lower real
world fuel economy have occurred in a gradual (i.e., linear) manner over the 20 years
from 1986 through 2005. On April 6, 1984, EPA published regulations that
established the older fuel economy label adjustment factors of 0.9 for city fuel
economy and 0.78 for highway fuel economy that took effect for model year 1985
vehicles (49 Federal Register 13832). EPA believes that these adjustment factors
were appropriate through the 1985 model year. EPA has not attempted to perform a
year-by-year analysis to determine the extent to which the many relevant factors
(including highway speed limits, more aggressive driving, vehicle horsepower-to-
weight ratio, suburbanization, congestion, use of air conditioning, gasoline
composition, et al) that have affected real world fuel economy since 1985 have
changed over time. Rather, EPA has made the simplifying, but we think reasonable,
assumption that the collective impact of these changes has been a linearly increasing
impact over the 20 years from 1986 through 2005. Using the equations shown above
for individual models, EPA has assumed 1/20 of the fully phased-in downward
adjustment for city and highway values would be reflected in the 1986 data, 2/20 of
this adjustment would be reflected in the 1987 data, etc., up to 19/20 of this
adjustment in 2004 and the full adjustment in 2005 and later years. Likewise, EPA
has assumed the 55/45 city /highway weighting changes to a 43/57 city /highway
weighting in a linear fashion over the 1986 to 2005 time period as well. As discussed
above, the average fleetwide composite city /highway fuel economy values for 2005-
2008 are 6% lower than the composite city /highway fuel economy value calculated
with the older adjustment factors.
To generate precise adjusted city, highway, or composite fuel economy values for
individual models or for future fleetwide averages with different mpg or city fuel economy-to-
highway fuel economy ratios than the current fleet, it is essential to use the above equations to
calculate adjusted city and highway fuel economy values for individual models, then use the
43% city/57%) highway weighting to generate an adjusted composite fuel economy value for
individual models, and then calculate the harmonically sales-weighted average of the individual
models to yield the average composite fuel economy for the fleet as a whole. Alternatively, for a
first-order estimate of generic fleetwide factors that one could use to convert values from the
historic fuel economy trends database to the newer adjusted fuel economy levels, see the factors
in Table A-4, which are based on the mpg and city fuel economy-to-highway fuel economy
characteristics of the current fleet. For example, the industry-wide adjusted composite
city /highway fuel economy value for model year 1986 in this year's report, which will be
reported as ADJ COMP, is about .997 (1.0 minus 0.003, where 0.003 equals 0.3%>, and the latter
is equal to 6%> divided by 20) times the adjusted composite city/highway fuel economy value, or
ADJ 55/45, from pre-2007 reports in this series. Likewise, the same industry-wide ADJ COMP
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
A-11
September 2008
-------
value for 1986 can be approximated by multiplying the laboratory composite 55/45 value for
1986 by 0.851. The industry-wide ADJ COMP fuel economy values for model years 2005-2008
in this year's report are all equal to 0.80 times the laboratory composite 55/45 values. Table A-5
provides a comparison of adjusted composite fuel economy values, for cars and trucks combined,
using both the older fuel economy label methodology that has been used in pre-2007 reports in
this series as well as the newer fuel economy label methodology described above and used in
2007 and later reports.
No changes have been made in the way EPA calculates adjusted fuel economy values for
1975-1985. For these model years, EPA still uses the 0.9 city/0.78 highway fuel economy
adjustments established in 1984, along with the 55% city/45% highway weighting factor. EPA
believes that this methodology was appropriate for the late 1970s and early 1980s and is not
making any changes to adjusted fuel economy values for 1975 through 1985.
Finally, no changes have been made in the laboratory (LAB) fuel economy values in this
report. The laboratory city value remains the fuel economy value over the EPA Federal Test
Procedure, the laboratory highway value remains the fuel economy value over the EPA Highway
Fuel Economy Test, and the laboratory 55/45 is a weighted value of these two tests, with a 55%
weighting of the Federal Test Procedure and a 45% weighting of the Highway Fuel Economy
Test. The laboratory 55/45 values are used for CAFE compliance, in conjunction with
alternative fuel vehicle credits and test procedure adjustments. Because the underlying
methodology for generating and reporting the laboratory fuel economy values have not changed
since this series began in the mid-1970s, these values provide an excellent basis with which to
compare long-term fuel economy trends from the perspective of vehicle design, apart from the
factors that affect real world fuel economy that are reflected in the adjusted fuel economy values.
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
A-12
September 2008
-------
Table A-4
Approximate Factors for Converting Industry-Wide Fuel Economy Values from Pre-2007
Reports to the Newer Adjusted Fuel Economy Values in This Report
Factors
to convert
older ADJ to newer ADJ
Factors to
convert
LAB to
CITY
HWY
55/45
CITY
HWY
55/45
1975-1985
O
o
1.00
O
O
.900
.780
.854
1986
.995
. 996
.997
.895
.777
.851
1987
.989
. 992
.994
.890
.774
.849
1998
.984
. 988
.991
.885
.771
. 846
1989
.978
. 984
.988
. 880
.768
. 843
1990
.973
. 980
.985
. 875
.765
. 841
1991
.967
.976
. 982
. 870
.762
. 838
1992
. 962
.972
. 979
.865
.759
. 835
1993
. 95 6
.968
. 976
.860
.756
. 832
1994
. 951
.964
. 973
. 855
.753
. 830
1995
. 945
.960
. 970
. 850
.750
.827
1996
. 940
.956
. 967
.845
.747
.824
1997
. 934
.952
.964
.840
.744
.822
1998
.929
. 948
.961
.835
.741
.819
1999
.923
. 944
.958
.830
.738
.816
2000
.918
. 940
.955
.825
.735
.814
2001
.912
. 936
.952
.820
.732
. 811
2002
.907
. 932
.949
.815
.729
.808
2003
.901
. 928
.946
.810
.726
.805
2004
.896
. 924
.943
.805
.723
.803
2005
.890
. 920
.940
.800
.720
. 800
2006
.890
. 920
.940
. 800
.720
. 800
2007
.890
. 920
.940
. 800
.720
. 800
2008
.890
.920
. 940
. 800
.720
. 800
Important Notes for Table A-4:
1. Multiplying the factors above times the appropriate values from pre-2007 reports
approximates the newer adjusted (ADJ) fuel economy values in this report.
2. These factors are first-order approximations relevant only for industry-wide fuel economy
values for the 1986 through 2008 timeframe.
3. Precise estimates for individual models require the use of the mpg-based equations for ADJ
CITY and ADJ HWY provided above as well as a linear phase-in, over the 1986 to 2005 time
period, for both the mpg-based equations and the change from a 55/45 city /highway weighting to
a 43/57 city /highway weighting.
4. These approximations would yield the largest error for individual models or fleets with high
mpg and/or high city fuel economy-to-highway fuel economy ratios.
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
A-13
September 2008
-------
Table A-5
Comparison of Older and Newer Adjusted Composite Fuel Economy Values
for Cars and Trucks Combined, for 2003-2008
Cars and Trucks Combined
Model
Year
"Old"
Adj usted
Composite
"New"
Adj usted
Composite
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
20.7
20.5
21.2
21.5
22.0
22.2
19.6
19.3
19.9
20.1
20.6
20.8
Important Notes for Table A-5:
1. "Older" adjusted composite fuel economy values are based on the EPA fuel economy
label methodology used in pre-2007 reports in this series, i.e., 10% downward city
adjustment, 22% downward highway adjustment, and a 55% city/45%) highway
weighting factor.
2. "Newer" adjusted composite fuel economy values are based on the revised EPA fuel
economy label methodology used in the 2007 and later reports, and described in the
previous section.
3. For 2005 and later model years, the newer adjusted composite fuel economy values for
cars and trucks combined are approximately 6% lower than the older adjusted composite
fuel economy values for cars and trucks combined. For cars only, the newer adjusted
composite fuel economy values would be more than 6% lower than the older values,
while for trucks only, the newer adjusted composite fuel economy values would be less
than 6% lower than the older values.
EPA420-R-08-015 A-14 September 2008
-------
Comparison of EPA and NHTSA Data
Table A-6 compares CAFE data reported by the National Highway Traffic Safety
Administration (NHTSA) with the adjusted and unadjusted (laboratory) composite fuel economy
data in this report. The NHTSA values in Table A-6 are generally higher than the unadjusted or
laboratory mpg values due to differences in vehicle classification, test procedure adjustment
factors for cars, and alternative fuel credits. The NHTSA data for MY1979 trucks in this table is
just for vehicles up to 6000 pound GVW; but for all other years the NHTSA data includes
vehicles up to 8500 GVW. The NHTSA data for MY2007 is based on mid-model year data and
the NHTSA data for MY2008 is based on pre-model year sales projections. The EPA data for all
years in the table includes vehicles up to 8500 GVW. In addition, the EPA data in the table is
final through MY2006, but preliminary for MY2007 and MY2008.
Table A-6
EPA Adjusted, Laboratory, and NHTSA CAFE Fuel Economy Values
by Model Year
Cars
Model
EPA
EPA
NHTSA
Year
Adj .
Unadj.
(CAFE)
Dil
1975
13.5
15.8
n/a
1976
14.9
17.5
n/a
1977
15. 6
18.3
n/a
1978
16.9
19.9
19.9
.0
1979
17.2
20.3
20.3
.0
1980
20.0
23.5
24.3
.8
1981
21.4
25.1
25.9
.8
1982
22.2
26.0
26.6
. 6
1983
22.1
25.9
26.4
.5
1984
22.4
26.3
26.9
. 6
1985
23.0
27.0
27.6
. 6
1986
23.7
27.9
28.2
.3
1987
23.8
28.1
28.5
.4
1988
24.1
28.6
28.8
.2
1989
23.7
28.1
28.4
.3
1990
23.3
27.8
28.0
.2
1991
23.4
28.0
28.4
.4
1992
23.1
27.6
27.9
.3
1993
23.5
28.2
28.4
.2
1994
23.3
28.0
28.3
.3
1995
23.4
28.3
28 . 6
.3
1996
23.3
28.3
28.5
.2
1997
23.4
28.4
28.7
.3
1998
23.4
28.5
28.8
.3
1999
23.0
28.2
28.3
.1
2000
22.9
28.2
28.5
.3
2001
23.0
28.4
28.8
.4
2002
23.1
28.6
29.0
.4
2003
23.2
28.9
29.5
. 6
2004
23.1
28.9
29.5
. 6
2005
23.5
29.5
30.3
.8
2006
23.3
29.2
30.1
.9
2007
24.1
30.3
31.2
.9
2008
24.1
30.3
31.2
.9
Trucks
EPA EPA NHTSA
Adj. Unadj. (CAFE) Diff.
Both Cars and Trucks
EPA EPA NHTSA
Adj. Unadj. (CAFE) Diff.
11.6
13.7
n/a
13.1
15.3
n/a
12 .2
14.4
n/a
14.2
16.7
n/a
13.3
15 . 6
n/a
15.1
17.7
n/a
12.9
15 .2
n/a
15.8
18. 6
19.9
1.3
12 .5
14 .7
18.2
3.5
15.9
18.7
20.1
1.4
15.8
18 . 6
18.5
-.1
19.2
22.5
23.1
. 6
17.1
20.1
20.1
20.5
24.1
24 . 6
.5
17.4
20.5
20.5
21.1
24.7
25.1
. 4
17.8
20.9
20.7
-.2
21.0
24.6
24.8
.2
17.4
20.5
20.6
.1
21.0
24.6
25.0
. 4
17.5
20.6
20.7
.1
21.3
25.0
25.4
. 4
18 .2
21.4
21.5
.1
21.8
25.7
25.9
.2
18 .3
21.6
21.7
.1
22.0
25.9
26.2
.3
17.9
21.2
21.3
.1
21.9
25.9
26.0
. 1
17.6
20.9
21.0
.1
21.4
25.4
25 . 6
.2
17.4
20.7
20.8
.1
21.2
25.2
25.4
.2
17.8
21.3
21.3
21.2
25.4
25 . 6
.2
17.4
20.8
20.8
20.8
24.9
25.1
.2
17.5
21.0
21.0
20.9
25.1
25 .2
. 1
17.2
20.8
20.8
20.4
24.6
24.7
. 1
17.0
20.5
20.5
20.5
24.7
24.9
.2
17.2
20.8
20.8
20.4
24.8
24.9
. 1
17.0
20.6
20.6
20.1
24.5
24 . 6
. 1
17.1
20.9
21.0
.1
20.1
24.5
24.7
.2
16.7
20.5
20.9
.4
19.7
24.1
24.5
. 4
16.9
20.8
21.3
.5
19.8
24.3
24.8
.5
16.7
20.6
20.9
.3
19.6
24.2
24.5
.3
16.7
20.6
21.4
.8
19.4
24.1
24.7
. 6
16.9
20.9
21.8
.9
19.6
24.3
25.1
. 8
16.7
20.8
21.5
.7
19.3
24.0
24 . 6
. 6
17.2
21.4
22.1
.7
19.9
24.8
25.4
. 6
17.5
21.8
22.5
.7
20.1
25.2
25.8
. 6
17.7
22.1
23.0
.9
20.6
25.7
26.6
. 9
18.1
22 .5
23.4
.9
20.8
26.0
26.8
. 8
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
A-15
September 200f
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Light-Duty Automotive Technology and
Fuel Economy Trends:
1975 Through 2008
Appendix B
Model Year 2008
Nameplate Fuel Economy Listings
This technical report does not necessarily represent final EPA decisions or
positions. It is intended to present technical analysis of issues using data
that are currently available. The purpose in the release of such reports is to
facilitate the exchange of technical information and to inform the public of
technical developments.
Compliance and Innovative Strategies Division
and
Transportation and Climate Division
Offce of T ransportation and Air Quality
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
NOTICE
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
EPA420-R-08-015
September 2008
-------
Table B-l
Model Year 2008 Nameplate Fuel Economy Listing
< FUEL ECONOMY >
LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ
TWO-SEATER CARS 55/45 CITY HWY COMP
Daimler AG SMART FORTWO (CONVERTIBLE) 49.5 33.4 40.5 37.1
Daimler AG SMART FORTWO (COUPE) 49.5 33.4 40.5 37.1
Audi TT ROADSTER 32.6 22.1 28.8 25.5
Mazda MX-5 30.5 20.6 27.4 24.0
Lotus ELISE-EXIGE 29.9 20.3 26.6 23.5
Porsche CAYMAN 28.9 19.0 27.7 23.1
Porsche BOXSTER 28.9 19.0 27.7 23.1
BMW Z4 3.01 28.4 18.4 28.2 22.9
BMW Z4 3.0SI 28.3 18.4 28.1 22.9
BMW Z4 COUPE 28.2 18.3 28.1 22.8
General Motors SKY 27.9 18.9 25.4 22.1
General Motors SOLSTICE 27.9 18.9 25.2 22.0
Porsche BOXSTER S 26.8 17.8 25.6 21.5
Porsche CAYMAN S 26.8 17.8 25.6 21.5
Daimler AG SLK28 0 26.2 17.6 24.5 20.9
Nissan 350Z 26.1 17.5 24.4 20.9
Honda S2000 26.1 17.7 23.8 20.7
Audi TT ROADSTER QUATTRO 25.8 17.3 24.2 20.7
Chrysler CROSSFIRE COUPE 25.6 17.0 24.5 20.6
Chrysler CROSSFIRE ROADSTER 25.6 17.0 24.5 20.6
Nissan 350Z ROADSTER 25.1 16.9 23.6 20.1
Daimler AG SLK350 25.0 17.0 23.0 19.9
Porsche 911 GT2 24.2 16.1 23.2 19.5
General Motors CORVETTE 23.6 15.1 24.8 19.4
Porsche 911 GT3 RS 23.0 15.2 22.4 18.6
Porsche 911 GT3 23.0 15.2 22.4 18.6
Shelby SHELBY MUSTANG GT 22.2 14.8 21.8 18.1
BMW Z4 M ROADSTER 22.1 14.5 22.2 18.1
BMW Z4 M COUPE 22.1 14.5 22.2 18.1
General Motors XLR 21.6 14.1 22.0 17.7
Daimler AG SLK55 AMG 21.0 14.1 20.3 17.0
Daimler AG SL550 20.6 13.5 20.9 16.9
Chrysler VIPER CONVERTIBLE 19.9 12.7 21.6 16.6
Chrysler VIPER COUPE 19.9 12.7 21.6 16.6
Audi R8 19.3 12.8 19.3 15.9
Aston Martin V8 VANTAGE 19.2 12.7 19.2 15.8
Daimler AG SL55 AMG 18.1 12.2 17.5 14.7
Daimler AG SL65 AMG 17.4 11.5 17.8 14.4
Daimler AG SL600 17.4 11.5 17.5 14.3
Daimler AG SLR 16.8 11.6 15.8 13.7
Ferrari F430 16.6 11.2 16.3 13.6
Lamborghini GALLARDO COUPE 16.4 10.8 17.0 13.6
Ferrari FERRARI 599 GTB FIORANO 15.7 10.6 15.3 12.9
Lamborghini GALLARDO SPYDER 15.4 10.1 15.8 12.8
Lamborghini MURCIEIAGO REVENTON 13.7 9.0 14.5 11.4
Lamborghini MURCIEIAGO ROADSTER 13.3 8.8 13.9 11.1
Lamborghini MURCIEIAGO 13.3 8.8 13.9 11.1
Volkswagen VEYRON 12.0 7.8 13.0 10.1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
B-l
September 2008
-------
Table B-2
Model Year 2008 Nameplate Fuel Economy Listing
< FUEL ECONOMY >
LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ
MINICOMPACT CARS 55/45 CITY HWY COMP
BMW MINI COOPER 40.0 26.6 35.3 31.0
BMW MINI COOPER S 37.5 25.0 33.3 29.1
Audi TT COUPE 34.2 22.8 31.0 26.9
BMW MINI COOPER CONVERTIBLE 33.7 22.4 30.7 26.5
BMW MINI COOPER S CONVERTIBLE 30.7 20.3 28.7 24.4
Volkswagen NEW BEETLE CONVERTIBLE 29.9 19.7 28.3 23.8
Porsche CARRERA 2 CABRIOLET 26.5 17.6 25.2 21.3
Porsche CARRERA 2 COUPE 26.5 17.6 25.2 21.3
Mitsubishi ECLIPSE SPYDER 26.3 17.5 25.0 21.1
Porsche CARRERA 4 COUPE 25.5 17.0 24.4 20.5
Porsche CARRERA 4 TARGA 25.5 17.0 24.3 20.5
Porsche CARRERA 4 CABRIOLET 25.5 17.0 24.3 20.5
Porsche CARRERA 2 S COUPE 25.4 16.9 24.4 20.5
Porsche CARRERA 2 S CABRIOLET 25.4 16.9 24.4 20.5
Porsche CARRERA 4 S COUPE 24.8 16.5 23.6 19.9
Porsche CARRERA 4 S TARGA 24.7 16.5 23.5 19.9
Porsche CARRERA 4 S CABRIOLET 24.7 16.5 23.5 19.9
Jaguar JAGUAR XK 24.6 16.0 24.8 20.0
Jaguar JAGUAR XK CONVERTIBLE 24.6 16.0 24.8 20.0
Toyota SC 430 24.2 16.3 22.7 19.4
Porsche 911 TURBO 23.7 15.6 23.1 19.2
Porsche 911 TURBO CABRIOLET 23.5 15.4 23.4 19.1
Jaguar JAGUAR XKR 23.2 15.4 22.7 18.8
Jaguar JAGUAR XKR CONVERTIBLE 23.2 15.4 22.7 18.8
Aston Martin DB9 VOLANTE 16.8 11.2 16.9 13.9
Aston Martin DB9 COUPE 16.8 11.0 17.5 13.9
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
B-2
September 2008
-------
Table B-3
Model Year 2008 Nameplate Fuel Economy Listing
< FUEL ECONOMY >
LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ
SUBCOMPACT CARS 55/45 CITY HWY COMP
Toyota YARIS 42.4 28.9 35.3 32.2
BMW MINI CLUBMAN 40.0 26.6 35.2 30.9
Toyota SCION XD 38.2 26.2 32.3 29.4
Honda CIVIC 37.9 24.9 34.8 29.7
BMW MINI CLUBMAN S 37.4 25.0 33.2 29.1
GM Daewoo AVEO 5 35.2 23.1 32.6 27.7
General Motors G5-PURSUIT 33.9 22.5 31.1 26.7
General Motors COBALT 33.9 22.5 31.0 26.6
Audi A4 CABRIOLET 31.8 21.1 29.5 25.2
Nissan ALT IMA COUPE 31.7 21.4 28.5 24.9
Toyota IS 250 31.4 20.9 29.0 24.9
Volkswagen EOS 31.1 20.7 28.9 24.7
Toyota SCION TC 30.6 20.4 28.1 24.2
Volkswagen NEW BEETLE 30.4 19.9 28.9 24.2
Toyota IS 250 AWD 28.8 19.5 26.0 22.7
BMW 328CI 28.5 18.5 28.3 23.0
BMW 1281 28.4 18.4 28.2 23.0
Audi A4 CABRIOLET QUATTRO 28.3 18.7 26.8 22.6
Chrysler PT CRUISER CONVERTIBLE 27.9 19.2 24.7 22.0
BMW 1281 CONVERTIBLE 27.7 18.0 27.4 22.4
Mitsubishi ECLIPSE 27.6 18.4 26.1 22.1
Volvo C70 CONVERTIBLE 27.6 18.3 26.1 22.1
BMW 328CI CONVERTIBLE 27.6 18.0 27.2 22.3
H^indai TIBURON 27.4 18.3 25.7 21.9
Chrysler SEBRING CONVERTIBLE 27.0 17.8 26.0 21.7
BMW 1351 26.8 17.8 25.5 21.5
Toyota IS 350 26.6 17.9 24.6 21.2
BMW 335CI CONVERTIBLE 26.4 17.3 25.9 21.4
Audi A5 QUATTRO 26.4 17.3 25.9 21.3
BMW 1351 CONVERTIBLE 26.3 17.2 25.9 21.3
Nissan G37 COUPE 26.3 17.5 24.8 21.1
BMW 335CI 26.3 17.2 25.9 21.2
BMW 328CXI 26.2 17.3 25.3 21.1
Daimler AG CLK350 26.0 17.0 25.4 21.0
Daimler AG CLK350 (CABRIOLET) 25.9 17.0 25.4 20.9
Audi TT COUPE QUATTRO 25.8 17.3 24.2 20.7
Saab 9-3 CONVERTIBLE 25.5 16.9 24.6 20.6
BMW 335CXI 25.4 16.7 24.7 20.5
Mazda MAZDA RX-8 24.0 16.3 22.3 19.2
Toyota IS F 23.8 15.8 23.1 19.2
Ford MUSTANG 23.6 15.7 22.9 19.1
BMW 650CI 23.1 15.3 22.5 18.7
BMW 650CI CONVERTIBLE 23.0 15.1 22.8 18.7
Daimler AG CLK550 22.2 14.7 21.8 18.0
Daimler AG CLK550 (CABRIOLET) 21.8 14.5 21.3 17.7
Audi S5 21.6 14.3 21.3 17.6
Roush ROUSH STAGE3 MUSTANG 21.2 14.3 20.2 17.2
BMW M3 COUPE 20.8 13.8 20.5 17.0
Audi S4 CABRIOLET 20.3 13.4 20.3 16.6
Maserati MASERATI GRANTURISMO 19.3 12.7 19.5 15.9
Audi RS4 CABRIOLET 18.4 12.0 18.8 15.1
Daimler AG CLK63 AMG 18.1 11.9 18.5 14.9
Saleen S281 FAMILY 17.8 11.7 18.0 14.6
Daimler AG CLK63 AMG (CABRIOLET) 17.7 11.6 18.2 14.6
BMW M6 16.4 10.7 17.1 13.6
BMW M6 CONVERTIBLE 16.3 10.6 17.4 13.6
Bentley CONTINENTAL GTC 15.8 10.2 16.9 13.2
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
B-3
September 2008
-------
Table B-4
Model Year 2008 Nameplate Fuel Economy Listing
< FUEL ECONOMY >
LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ
COMPACT CARS 55/45 CITY HWY COMP
Honda CIVIC HYBRID 58.8 40.2 45.3 42.9
Toyota COROLLA 39.2 26.1 34.8 30.4
Kia RIO 38.2 25.4 34.0 29.7
Hyundai ACCENT 37.1 24.8 33.0 28.9
Ford FOCUS FWD 3 6.6 24.2 33.2 28.7
General Motors ASTRA 4DR HATCHBACK 35.6 24.2 30.9 27.6
General Motors ASTRA 2D HATCHBACK 35.4 24.2 30.3 27.3
GM Daewoo AVEO 34.5 22.8 31.8 27.2
Suzuki SX4 SEDAN 34.0 22.8 30.5 26.6
Mazda MAZDA3 33.3 22.4 29.8 26.1
Mitsubishi IANCER 32.0 21.7 28.5 25.1
Volkswagen GTI 31.9 21.4 29.0 25.1
Audi A4 31.6 20.9 29.5 25.1
Toyota GS 450H 30.8 21.9 25.3 23.8
Toyota CAMRY SOIARA 30.7 20.1 29.4 24.5
Honda ACCORD 2DR COUPE 30.5 19.9 29.3 24.4
Volkswagen JETTA 29.9 19.7 28.3 23.8
Honda TSX 29.8 19.7 28.2 23.8
Volvo S40 FWD 29.8 19.7 28.1 23.8
Volkswagen RABBIT 29.6 19.5 28.2 23.7
GM Daewoo RENO 29.3 19.3 28.0 23.5
GM Daewoo FORENZA 29.3 19.3 28.0 23.5
Volvo C30 FWD 28.9 19.1 27.6 23.1
Subaru IMPREZA AWD 28.7 19.5 26.0 22.7
Subaru LEGACY AWD 28.7 19.4 26.1 22.7
Audi A4 QUATTRO 28.7 19.0 27.2 22.9
BMW 3281 28.5 18.5 28.3 23.0
Volvo S60 FWD 28.4 18.7 27.1 22.7
General Motors G6 28.3 18.5 27.7 22.8
Toyota CAMRY SOIARA CONVERTIBLE 27.2 17.9 26.3 21.9
Volvo S60 AWD 26.8 17.6 26.1 21.6
Daimler AG C300 26.8 17.8 25.5 21.5
Volvo S40 AWD 26.8 17.6 26.0 21.6
Saab 9-3 SPORT SEDAN 26.6 17.5 25.8 21.5
BMW 3351 26.3 17.2 25.9 21.3
BMW 328X1 26.2 17.3 25.3 21.1
Daimler AG C300 4MATIC 26.1 17.4 24.7 20.9
Volkswagen R32 25.9 17.8 23.1 20.5
Daimler AG C350 25.8 17.1 24.8 20.8
BMW 335X1 25.4 16.7 24.7 20.5
Mitsubishi IANCER EVOLUTION 24.1 16.4 22.2 19.3
Jaguar JAGUAR X-TYPE 23.6 15.9 22.1 19.0
Daimler AG CL550 21.6 14.3 21.3 17.6
Daimler AG CLS550 21.1 14.0 20.9 17.2
BMW M3 20.8 13.8 20.5 17.0
Audi S4 20.2 13.4 20.0 16.5
Audi RS4 19.2 12.6 19.6 15.8
Daimler AG CLS63 AMG 18.2 12.1 18.1 14.9
Daimler AG CL63 AMG 17.4 11.4 17.9 14.4
Phantom PHANTOM DROPHEAD COUPE 17.3 11.4 17.5 14.3
Daimler AG CL65 AMG 16.8 11.2 17.0 13.9
Daimler AG CL600 16.7 11.1 16.7 13.7
Bentley CONTINENTAL GT 16.2 10.5 17.3 13.5
Bentley AZURE 14.5 9.4 15.3 12.1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
B-4
September 2008
-------
Table B-5
Model Year 2008 Nameplate Fuel Economy Listing
MIDSIZE SEDAN
<
LAB
55/45
FUEL ECONOMY >
ADJ
CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
Toyota PRIUS 65.8 47.7
Nissan ALTIMA HYBRID 4 6.7 35.1
Toyota CAMRY HYBRID 45.9 33.4
Nissan VERSA 37.1 25.2
Hyundai EIANTRA 36.8 24.6
Nissan SENTRA 36.5 24.5
General Motors AURA HYBRID 35.7 23.9
General Motors MALIBU HYBRID 35.7 23.9
Kia SPECTRA 35.2 23.6
Daimler AG E320 BLUETEC 34.7 22.8
Nissan ALTIMA 33.0 22.1
Chrysler CALIBER 32.5 22.7
Toyota CAMRY 32.2 21.0
Kia OPTIMA 31.3 20.5
General Motors MALIBU 31.2 20.5
Ford FUSION FWD 29.7 19.7
Mitsubishi GAIANT 29.4 19.7
Chrysler CALIBER AWD 29.1 20.8
Chrysler AVENGER 29.1 19.2
Ford MILAN FWD 29.1 19.3
General Motors CLASSIC 29.0 18.9
Volkswagen PASSAT 28.9 19.0
Toyota ES 350 28.7 18.9
Toyota GS 350 28.7 19.1
Chrysler SEBRING 28.6 18.8
Mazda MAZDA 6 28.6 19.1
General Motors AURA 28.3 18.4
Ford MKZ FWD 28.0 18.0
Audi A6 27.9 18.3
Nissan MAXIMA 27.9 18.8
BMW 5281 27 . 6 18.0
General Motors GRAND PRIX 27.0 17.4
Toyota LS 600HL 26.9 19.6
General Motors LACROSSE-ALLURE 26.9 17.3
Honda TL 26.8 17.6
General Motors CTS 26.8 17.5
Toyota GS 350 AWD 26.7 17.9
Mazda MAZDASPEED3 26.7 17.6
BMW 5351 26.5 17.4
Saab 9-5 SEDAN 26.2 17.0
BMW 528X1 26.2 17.4
Jaguar JAGUAR S-TYPE 3.0 LITRE 25.9 16.9
General Motors CTS AWD 25.8 16.9
Nissan G35 25.6 17.2
Audi A6 QUATTRO 25.5 17.0
BMW 535X1 25.5 16.8
Toyota GS 460 25.4 16.9
Ford MI IAN AWD 25.4 16.8
Ford FUSION AWD 25.4 16.8
General Motors STS 25.3 16.4
Daimler AG E350 25.0 16.6
Ford MKZ AWD 24.9 16.5
Volkswagen PASSAT 4MOTION 24.8 16.4
Toyota LS 460 L 24.7 16.2
Nissan G35X 24.6 16.6
Honda RL 24.6 16.3
Toyota LS 460 24.6 16.2
Jaguar JAGUAR S-TYPE 4.2 LITRE 24.4 16.1
General Motors STS AWD 24.1 15.6
Volvo S80 FWD 24.1 15.8
Daimler AG E350 4MATIC 23.9 16.3
Audi A8 23. 9 16.0
Table B-5 (continued)
45.1
33.0
34 .1
32.0
32.7
32.3
31. 9
31. 9
31. 4
32.2
29.7
27.2
30. 6
29.8
29.4
27 . 8
27 . 0
24 .1
27 . 6
27 . 4
28.2
27 . 7
27 . 4
26.9
27 . 6
26.7
28 . 0
28.3
26.9
25.4
27.3
27 . 4
21. 8
27.2
26.2
26.2
24 . 9
25.5
25. 9
26.5
25.3
25.5
25.4
24 . 0
24 . 4
24 . 8
24 . 4
24 . 6
24 . 6
25.4
24 .2
23. 9
24 . 0
24 . 4
23.0
23.7
24 .1
23.8
24 . 4
23. 9
22.0
22.7
46.2
33 . 9
33 . 8
28 .7
28
28
27
27
27 .5
27 .3
25 . 9
25 .1
25 . 6
25 . 0
24 . 8
23 . 6
23.3
22 . 6
23.3
23.2
23.3
23 .1
23 . 0
22 . 9
23 . 0
22 . 8
22 . 8
22.7
22 . 4
22 .1
22.3
22 . 0
20 . 8
21 . 8
21 . 6
21 . 6
21 .3
21
21
21 .3
21 .1
21 . 0
20 . 9
20.5
20.5
20 . 6
20.5
20.5
20.5
20.5
20.2
20 . 0
20 . 0
20 .1
19.7
19.8
19.9
19.7
19.7
19.6
19.1
19.2
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
B-5
September 2008
-------
< FUEL ECONOMY >
LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ
MIDSIZE SEDAN (continued) 55/45 CITY HWY COMP
Jaguar JAGUAR X-TYPE SPORT BRAKE 23.5 15.8 22.3 18.9
Chrysler SEBRING AWD 23.5 15.3 23.6 19.1
Chrysler AVENGER AWD 23.5 15.3 23.6 19.1
Volvo S80 AWD 23.2 15.3 22.9 18.9
BMW 5501 23.1 15.3 22.6 18.8
Jaguar JAGUAR S-TYPE R 22.6 15.1 21.6 18.3
Daimler AG E550 22.5 14.8 22.4 18.4
Audi S6 20.5 13.9 19.3 16.5
Daimler AG E550 4MATIC 19.9 13.4 19.3 16.2
Audi S8 19.0 12.8 18.6 15.5
Chrysler CHALLENGER 19.0 12.8 18.3 15.5
Daimler AG E63 AMG 18.6 12.4 18.6 15.3
Phantom PHANTOM EWB 17.3 11.4 17.5 14.3
Phantom PHANTOM 17.3 11.4 17.5 14.3
BMW M5 16.4 10.7 17.1 13.6
Bentley CONTINENTAL FLYING SPUR 15.8 10.2 16.9 13.2
Ferrari FERRARI 612 SCAGLIETTI 14.6 9.4 15.7 12.2
Bentley ARNAGE 14.4 9.5 14.8 12.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015 B-6
September 2008
-------
Table B-6 Model Year 2008 Nameplate Fuel Economy Listing
< FUEL ECONOMY
LAB ADJ ADJ
LARGE SEDAN 55/45 CITY HWY
Honda ACCORD 4DR SEDAN 31.3 20.4 30.2
H^ndai SONATA 30.0 19.6 28.9
Toyota AVALON 29.4 19.3 28.1
Ford SABLE FWD 28.0 18.0 28.3
Ford TAURUS FWD 28.0 18.0 28.3
General Motors IMPA1A 27.7 17.8 28.1
Hyundai AZERA 26.1 17.1 25.5
Chrysler CHARGER 25.3 16.9 24.0
Chrysler 300-SRT-8 25.2 16.8 24.0
Kia AMANTI 25.1 16.6 24.3
General Motors G8 25.0 16.5 24.4
Jaguar JAGUAR XJ8L 24.9 16.3 24.7
Jaguar JAGUAR XJ8 24.9 16.3 24.7
General Motors LUCERNE 24.9 16.2 24.9
Ford SABLE AWD 24.9 16.5 23.9
Ford TAURUS AWD 24.9 16.5 23.9
Jaguar JAGUAR VDP LWB 24.7 16.1 24.6
Nissan M35 24.0 15.9 23.1
Audi A8 L 23.7 15.9 22.6
General Motors DTS 23.2 15.3 22.8
Nissan M35X 23.2 15.6 21.9
BMW 7501 23.1 15.2 22. 9
BMW 7 50LI 23.1 15.2 22.9
Chrysler 300 AWD 22.9 15.3 22.1
Nissan M45 22.9 15.6 21.3
Chrysler CHARGER AWD 22.9 15.2 22.1
Ford TOWN CAR 22.8 15.2 22.0
Ford TOWN CAR FFV 22.8 15.0 22.7
Ford CROWN VICTORIA FFV 22.8 15.0 22.7
Ford GRAND MARQUIS FFV 22.8 15.0 22.7
Jaguar JAGUAR XJR 22.7 15.1 21.9
Jaguar JAGUAR SUPER V8 22.7 15.1 21.9
Daimler AG S550 4MATIC 21.3 14.1 21.1
Daimler AG S550 21.2 13.9 21.3
Ford CROWN VICTORIA POLICE FFV 21.1 13.8 21.3
Alpina Burkard BMW ALP INA B7 20.8 13.7 21.0
Nissan M45X 20.7 14.0 19.6
BMW 7 60LI 19.7 12.9 20.1
General Motors FUNERAL COACH-HEARSE 18.9 12.8 18.2
General Motors LIMOUSINE 18.9 12.8 18.2
Maserati MASERATI QUATTROPORTE 17.6 11.7 17.5
Daimler AG S600 17.1 11.3 17.4
Daimler AG S63 AMG 17.1 11.3 17.4
Daimler AG S65 AMG 16.6 11.0 16.8
Daimler AG MAYBACH 62 15.3 10.2 15.6
Daimler AG MAYBACH 57 15.3 10.2 15.6
Daimler AG MAYBACH 62S 15.2 10.1 15.6
Daimler AG MAYBACH 57S 15.2 10.1 15.6
Bentley ARNAGE RL 14.5 9.4 15.3
>
ADJ
COMP
25 . 0
24 . 0
23.5
22.7
22.7
22.5
21 .1
20.3
20.3
20.2
20.2
20.2
20.2
20.2
20 . 0
20 . 0
20 .1
19.4
19.1
18 . 8
18.7
18 . 8
18 . 8
18 . 6
18 . 4
18.5
18.5
18 . 6
18 . 6
18 . 6
18 . 4
18 . 4
17 . 4
17 .3
17 .3
17 .1
16.7
16.2
15 . 4
15 . 4
14 . 4
14 .1
14 .1
13.7
12.7
12.7
12 . 6
12 . 6
12 .1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
B-7
September 2008
-------
Table B-7
Model Year 2008 Nameplate Fuel Economy Listing
< FUEL ECONOMY >
LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ
SMALL WAGON 55/45 CITY HWY COMP
Honda FIT 39.9 27.1 34.0 30.6
General Motors VIBE 37.1 25.2 31.9 28.6
Toyota COROLLA MATRIX 36.3 24.8 31.3 28.1
Suzuki SX4 33.1 22.3 29.7 26.0
General Motors HHR PANEL FWD 32.5 21.7 29.7 25.6
Audi A3 32.2 21.7 28.9 25.3
General Motors HHR FWD 31.9 21.3 29.1 25.2
Toyota SCION XB 31.6 21.6 27.6 24.7
Suzuki SX4 AWD 30.9 20.9 27.8 24.4
Volkswagen JETTA SPORTWAGEN 29.6 19.5 28.2 23.6
Volvo V50 FWD 29.6 19.5 28.0 23.6
GM Daewoo FORENZA 28.6 18.8 27.4 22.9
Audi A4 AVANT QUATTRO 28.6 18.9 27.1 22.8
Subaru IMPREZA WGN-OUTBACK SPT AWD 27.6 18.7 25.1 21.9
Chrysler PT CRUISER 27.5 18.8 24.6 21.7
BMW 3281 SPORT 27.5 17.9 27.2 22.2
Audi A3 QUATTRO 27.2 18.5 24.8 21.6
Volvo V50 AWD 26.8 17.6 26.0 21.6
BMW 328X1 SPORT 26.2 17.3 25.3 21.1
Saab 9-3 SPORTCOMBI 25.3 16.7 24.6 20.5
Audi S4 AVANT 20.3 13.4 20.2 16.6
Table B-8 Model Year 2008 Nameplate Fuel Economy Listing
< FUEL ECONOMY >
LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ
MIDSIZE WAGON 55/45 CITY HWY COMP
Mazda MAZDA 5 30.7 20.9 27.3 24.1
Volkswagen PASSAT 29.8 19.7 28.1 23.8
Subaru OUTBACK AW 28.7 19.5 26.1 22.7
Kia RONDO 27.7 18.5 26.1 22.1
Saab 9-5 SPORTCOMBI 26.2 17.0 26.4 21.3
Audi A6 AVANT QUATTRO 25.5 16.8 24.6 20.5
Volkswagen PASSAT 4MOTIO 24.8 16.4 24.0 20.0
Chrysler MAGNUM 24.6 16.4 23.6 19.9
BMW 535X1 SPORT 24.6 16.2 24.0 19.9
Volvo V70 FWD 24.1 15.8 23.9 19.6
Daimler AG E350 4MATIC ( 23.1 15.8 21.1 18.5
Chrysler MAGNUM AWD 23.0 15.4 22.1 18.6
Volvo XC 70 AWD 22.1 14.7 21.6 18.0
Daimler AG E63 AMG ( 18.0 12.0 17.8 14.7
Table B-9 Model Year 2008 Nameplate Fuel Economy Listing
< FUEL ECONOMY >
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LARGE WAGON
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
Daimler AG R320 CDI 4MATIC
26.9
18 . 4
24 .3
21 .3
Chrysler PACIFICA FWD
22.5
14 . 8
22.4
18 . 4
Chrysler PACIFICA AWD
21.6
14 .1
21. 8
17 . 7
Daimler AG R350
21.5
14 . 8
19.6
17 .2
Daimler AG R350 4MATIC
21.3
14 .7
19.4
17 . 0
EPA420-R-08-015 B-8 September 2008
-------
Table B-10
Model Year 2008 Nameplate Fuel Economy Listing
MIDSIZE VAN
<
LAB
55/45
FUEL ECONOMY >
ADJ
CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
Toyota SIENNA 2WD 26.
Honda ODYSSEY 2WD 25.
Chrysler CARAVAN 2WD 24.
Ford TAURUS X FWD 24.
Chrysler TOWN & COUNTRY 2WD 24.
Nissan QUEST 24.
General Motors UPLANDER FWD 24.
Kia ENTOURAGE 23.
Kia SEDONA 23.
Toyota SIENNA 4WD 23.
Ford TAURUS X AWD 22.
General Motors G15-25 VAN CONV 2WD 17.
17 . 9
16.6
16.4
16.3
16.3
16.3
15 . 9
15 . 9
15 . 9
15 . 8
15 . 4
12 . 4
24 . 4
24 . 8
23. 6
23. 6
23.5
23.5
23.3
22.7
22.7
21.1
21. 6
. 4
. 4
16.1 14.3
21. 1
20.5
19.9
19.8
19.8
19.7
19.4
19.2
19.2
18 .
18 .
Table B-ll
Model Year 2008 Nameplate Fuel Economy Listing
LARGE VAN
< FUEL ECONOMY >
LAB
55/45
ADJ
CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
General
Motors
G1500-2500 SAVANA 2WD CARGO . . .
. . 21
0
14 .5
19.2
16.9
General
Motors
G1500-2500 VAN 2WD
. . 21
0
14 .5
19.2
16.8
General
Motors
H1500-2500 SAVANA CARGO AWD . . .
. . 19
1
13 . 4
17 . 0
15.3
General
Motors
H1500-2500 VAN AWD
. . 19
1
13 . 4
17 . 0
15.3
General
Motors
G1500-2500 EXPRESS 2WD
. . 17
8
12 . 4
16.1
14 .3
General
Motors
G1500-2500 SAVANA 2WD PASS
. . 17
8
12 . 4
16.1
14 .3
General
Motors
G15-25 SAVANA 2WD CARGO CONV . .
. . 17
8
12 . 4
16.1
14 .3
General
Motors
HI500 SAVANA AWD CARGO CONV . . .
. . 17
8
12 . 4
16.0
14 .3
General
Motors
H1500 SAVANA PASS VAN AWD
. . 17
8
12 . 4
16.0
14 .3
General
Motors
H1500 VAN CONV AWD
. . 17
8
12 . 4
16.0
14 .3
General
Motors
H1500 EXPRESS AWD
. . 17
8
12 . 4
16.0
14 .3
Table B-12
Model Year 2008 Nameplate Fuel Economy Listing
SMALL UTILITY
<
LAB
55/45
FUEL ECONOMY
ADJ
CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
Subaru FORESTER AWD 28.8 19.7 25.5 22.6
Chrysler WRANGLER 2WD 22.1 15.1 20.4 17.7
Chrysler WRANGLER 4WD 21.6 15.1 19.2 17.2
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
B-9
September 2008
-------
Table B-13
Model Year 2008 Nameplate Fuel Economy Listing
< FUEL ECONOMY
LAB ADJ ADJ
MIDSIZE UTILITY 55/45 CITY HWY
Ford TRIBUTE HYBRID 2WD 43.7 34.3 29.6
Ford MARINER HYBRID FWD 43.7 34.3 29.6
Ford ESCAPE HYBRID FWD 43.7 34.3 29.6
Ford TRIBUTE HYBRID 4WD 38.2 29.4 27.2
Ford MARINER HYBRID 4WD 38.2 29.4 27.2
Ford ESCAPE HYBRID 4WD 38.2 29.4 27.2
General Motors VUE HYBRID 36.7 24.8 32.2
Toyota HIGHIANDER HYBRID 4WD 35.2 27.3 25.1
Toyota RX 400H 2WD 34.1 27.0 23.9
Toyota RX 400H 4WD 33.4 25.8 24.2
Nissan ROGUE FWD 32.3 22.5 27.4
Chrysler COMPASS 2WD 31.4 22.1 26.2
Chrysler PATRIOT 2WD 30.9 21.8 25.7
Toyota RAV4 2WD 30.5 20.7 27.1
Nissan ROGUE AWD 30.4 21.3 25.7
Honda CR-V 2WD 29.7 20.0 27.0
Chrysler COMPASS 4WD 29.4 20.9 24.4
Chrysler PATRIOT 4WD 29.2 20.8 24.2
Honda CR-V 4WD 28.8 19.7 25.5
Toyota RAV4 4WD 28.8 19.7 25.5
Ford TRIBUTE FWD 28.6 19.6 25.5
Honda ELEMENT 2WD 28.0 19.5 24.4
Ford ESCAPE FWD 27.9 19.0 25.1
H^indai TUCSON 2WD 27.3 18.7 24.4
Ford MARINER FWD 27.3 18.5 24.7
Honda ELEMENT 4WD 27.2 18.9 23.8
Mitsubishi OUTLANDER 2WD 26.9 18.1 24.7
Mitsubishi OUTLANDER 4WD 26.8 18.3 24.2
General Motors VUE FWD 26.8 17.9 25.2
Ford TRIBUTE 4WD 26.3 18.3 23.0
Kia SPORTAGE 2WD 26.2 17.9 23.8
H^ndai SANTAFE 2WD 26.0 17.7 23.8
Toyota HIGHIANDER 2WD 26.0 17.6 23.8
Toyota RX 350 2WD 25.7 17.7 22.9
Ford ESCAPE 4WD 25.1 17.4 22.2
Hyundai TUCSON 4WD 25.0 17.1 22.6
Mazda CX-7 2WD 24.9 16.9 22.9
Hyundai SANTAFE 4WD 24.9 16.7 23.4
Suzuki GRAND VITARA 24.8 17.0 22.4
Ford MARINER 4WD 24.8 17.2 22.0
Toyota HIGHIANDER 4WD 24.8 17.0 22.5
Kia SPORTAGE 4WD 24.6 17.2 21.6
Toyota RX 350 4WD 24.6 16.9 22.2
Nissan EX35 24.6 16.4 23.5
Suzuki GRAND VITARA 4WD 24.2 16.9 21.4
Honda RDX 4WD 24.2 16.7 21.5
Mazda CX-7 4WD 24.0 16.4 21.8
Rover LR2 23.7 15.8 22.7
Honda PILOT 2WD 23.6 15.8 22.3
Chrysler LIBERTY 2WD 23.5 15.9 22.0
Chrysler NITRO 2WD 23.5 15.9 21.8
Toyota FJ CRUISER 2WD 23.3 16.4 20.4
Toyota 4RUNNER 2WD 23.2 16.2 20.5
Subaru TRIBECA AWD 23.2 15.9 21.2
General Motors VUE AWD 23.1 15.4 22.1
Mitsubishi ENDEAVOR 2WD 22.9 15.4 21.6
Kia SORENTO 2WD 22.4 15.2 21.0
Kia SORENTO 4WD 22.2 15.1 20.7
Chrysler GRAND CHEROKEE 2WD 22.2 15.1 20.4
Chrysler LIBERTY 4WD 22.1 15.1 20.6
Chrysler NITRO 4WD 22.1 15.1 20.5
Honda MDX 4WD 22.1 15.2 20.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015 B-10
>
ADJ
COMP
31 .5
31 .5
31 .5
28 .1
28 .1
28 .1
28 .5
26.0
25 .1
24 . 8
25 . 0
24 .3
23 . 9
24 . 0
23 . 6
23.5
22 . 8
22 . 6
22 . 6
22 . 6
22 . 6
22 . 0
22 . 0
21 . 6
21 . 6
21 . 4
21 . 4
21 .2
21 . 4
20.7
20 . 8
20.7
20.7
20 . 4
19.8
19.9
19.9
19.9
19.7
19.6
19.7
19.4
19.6
19.8
19.2
19.2
19.1
19.1
19.0
18 . 9
18 . 8
18.5
18 . 4
18.5
18 . 6
18 . 4
18 . 0
17 . 8
17 . 8
17 . 8
17 . 8
17 . 6
September 2008
-------
Table B-13 (continued)
< FUEL ECONOMY >
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
MIDSIZE UTILITY
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
Toyota FJ CRUISER 4WD
22.0
15 . 4
19.4
17 .5
Nissan XTERRA 2WD
22.0
15 .1
20.2
17 . 6
Honda PILOT 4WD
21.9
14 . 9
20.5
17 . 6
Toyota 4RUNNER 4WD
21.9
15.3
19.3
17 . 4
Mitsubishi ENDEAVOR AWD
21.5
14 . 8
19.4
17 . 1
Nissan XTERRA 4WD
21.3
14 . 6
19.5
17 . 1
Chrysler GRAND CHEROKEE 4WD
20.4
14 .1
18.7
16.4
Chrysler COMMANDER 2WD
20.0
13.7
18.7
16.1
Chrysler COMMANDER 4WD
19.9
13 . 6
18.5
16.0
Toyota GX 470
19.6
13 . 8
17.5
15.7
Rover RANGE ROVER SPORT
18.4
12 . 4
18 .1
15 .1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
B-ll
September 2008
-------
Table B-14
Model Year 2008 Nameplate Fuel Economy Listing
LARGE UTILITY
<
LAB
55/45
FUEL ECONOMY >
ADJ
CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
General Motors C1500 YUKON HYBRID 2WD 28.2 21.1 21.7 21.5
General Motors C1500 TAHOE HYBRID 2WD 28.2 21.1 21.7 21.5
Daimler AG ML320 CDI 4 MAT IC 26.9 18.5 24.0 21.3
Daimler AG GL320 CDI 4 MAT IC 26.6 18.2 23.9 21.0
General Motors K1500 YUKON HYBRID 4WD 26.3 19.7 20.4 20.1
General Motors K1500 TAHOE HYBRID 4WD 26.3 19.7 20.4 20.1
BMW X3 3.0SI 25.6 17.2 24.0 20.5
General Motors EQUINOX FWD 24.9 16.6 23.8 20.1
General Motors EQUINOX AWD 24.9 16.6 23.7 20.0
General Motors TORRENT FWD 24.8 16.5 23.9 20.0
General Motors TORRENT AWD 24.6 16.3 23.9 19.9
Ford MKX FWD 24.6 16.3 23.6 19.8
Ford EDGE FWD 24.6 16.3 23.6 19.8
General Motors ACADIA FWD 24.5 16.1 24.0 19.9
General Motors OUTLOOK FWD 24.5 16.1 24.0 19.9
General Motors ENCIAVE FWD 24.5 16.1 24.0 19.9
General Motors XL7 FWD 23.8 16.2 22.0 19.1
H^indai VERACRUZ 2WD 23.6 15.7 22.8 19.1
Mazda CX-9 2WD 23.5 15.9 22.0 18.9
General Motors ENCIAVE AWD 23.3 15.5 22.3 18.8
General Motors OUTLOOK AWD 23.3 15.5 22.3 18.8
General Motors ACADIA AWD 23.3 15.5 22.3 18.8
Nissan FX35 RWD 22.9 15.4 21.7 18.5
Ford MKX AWD 22.8 15.4 21.6 18.4
Ford EDGE AWD 22.8 15.4 21.6 18.4
General Motors XL7 AWD 22.8 15.4 21.5 18.4
BMW X5 3.0SI 22.8 15.4 21.3 18.3
H^ndai VERACRUZ 4WD 22.7 15.1 22.0 18.4
Mazda CX-9 4WD 22.1 15.1 20.6 17.8
General Motors SRX 2WD 21.6 14.2 21.6 17.6
Daimler AG ML350 4MAT IC 21.5 14.8 19.5 17.2
Nissan PATHFINDER 2WD 21.5 14.3 20.8 17.4
Nissan FX35 AWD 21.4 14.6 19.9 17.2
Porsche CAYENNE 21.2 14.4 20.0 17.1
General Motors ENVOY 2WD 21.2 14.2 20.3 17.1
General Motors SRX AWD 21.2 13.9 21.2 17.3
Isuzu ASCENDER 5-PASSENGER 2WD 21.1 14.2 20.2 17.1
Volvo XC 90 FWD 21.0 14.2 19.9 17.0
General Motors C1500 TAHOE 2WD 20.9 14.0 20.1 16.9
General Motors TRAILBLAZER 2WD 20.8 14.0 19.8 16.8
Ford EXPLORER 2WD 20.8 13.9 20.0 16.9
General Motors C1500 YUKON 2WD 20.7 13.9 20.1 16.9
General Motors C1500 SUBURBAN 2WD 20.7 13.9 20.0 16.8
Isuzu ASCENDER 5-PASSENGER 4WD 20.6 13.8 19.8 16.7
General Motors TRAILBLAZER 4WD 20.5 13.8 19.8 16.6
Ford MOUNTAINEER 2WD 20.5 13.7 19.9 16.7
Nissan PATHFINDER 4WD 20.4 13.9 19.4 16.5
Volvo XC 90 AWD 20.4 13.7 19.5 16.5
General Motors ENVOY 4WD 20.4 13.7 19.7 16.6
General Motors K1500 YUKON 4WD 20.3 13.8 19.2 16.4
General Motors K1500 TAHOE 4WD 20.3 13.8 19.2 16.4
BMW X5 4.81 20.1 13.5 19.3 16.3
Audi Q7 20.1 13.7 18.9 16.2
Volkswagen TOUAREG 20.1 13.7 18.9 16.2
General Motors K1500 SUBURBAN 4WD 19.9 13.5 18.9 16.1
Chrysler DURANGO 2WD 19.8 13.5 18.7 16.0
General Motors C1500 YUKON XL 2WD 19.8 13.2 19.5 16.2
Toyota SEQUOIA 2WD 19.6 13.7 17.7 15.7
Chrysler ASPEN 2WD 19.6 13.3 18.5 15.9
Saab 9-7X AWD 19.5 13.2 18.6 15.8
Ford EXPLORER 4WD 19.5 13.2 18.5 15.8
Porsche CAYENNE S 19.5 13.0 19.1 15.9
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
B-12
September 2008
-------
Table B-14 (continued)
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LARGE UTILITY
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
General Motors K1500 YUKON XL 4WD
19.4
13.2
18
4
15.7
Ford MOUNTAINEER 4WD
19.3
13 .1
18
5
15.7
Daimler AG ML550 4MATIC
19.2
13.2
17
8
15.5
Daimler AG GL450 4MATIC
19.0
13 .1
17
7
15.3
Toyota LAND CRUISER WAGON 4WD
19.0
12 . 9
17
9
15 . 4
Toyota SEQUOIA 4WD
18.9
12 . 9
17
7
15.3
General Motors H3 4WD
18.9
13.2
16
9
15 .1
Chrysler ASPEN 4WD
18.9
13 . 0
17
5
15.2
Chrysler DURANGO 4WD
18.8
12 . 9
17
6
15.2
Nissan FX45 AWD
18.6
12 . 9
17
1
15 . 0
Daimler AG GL550 4MATIC
18.5
12 . 8
17
2
14 . 9
Ford NAVIGATOR 2WD
18.5
12 . 4
18
0
15 .1
Ford EXPEDITION 2WD
18.5
12 . 4
18
0
15 .1
General Motors ESCALADE ESV 2WD
18.5
12 .1
18
9
15.2
General Motors ESCALADE 2WD
18.5
12 .1
18
9
15.2
Toyota LX 57 0
18.3
12 . 4
17
5
14 . 9
General Motors K1500 YUKON DENALI AWD ....
18.3
12 . 0
18
6
15 .1
General Motors ESCALADE AWD
18.3
12 . 0
18
6
15 .1
Rover RANGE ROVER
18.2
12.2
17
9
14 . 9
18.2
12 . 4
17
4
14.8
Nissan ARMADA 2WD
18.2
12 .1
17
9
14 . 9
Nissan QX56 2WD
18.1
12 .1
17
8
14 . 8
Porsche CAYENNE TURBO
18.1
11 . 8
18
7
14 . 9
Nissan ARMADA 4WD
17.7
11 . 9
17
2
14 . 4
Nissan QX56 4WD
17.4
11.7
17
0
14 .3
Porsche CAYENNE GTS
17.2
11 . 4
17
4
14 .2
General Motors TRAILBIAZER AWD
16.9
11.7
15
6
13 . 6
Daimler AG G5 00
16.5
11 . 6
14
9
13.3
Daimler AG ML63 AMG
15.4
10 . 6
14
5
12.5
Daimler AG G55 AMG
15.1
10 . 8
13
5
12.2
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
B-13
September 2008
-------
Table B-15
Model Year 2008 Nameplate Fuel Economy Listing
< FUEL ECONOMY >
LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ
MIDSIZE PICKUP 55/45 CITY HWY COMP
Ford B2300 2WD 28.8 19.9 25.2 22.6
Toyota TOYOTA TACOMA 2WD 25.3 17.6 22.3 20.0
General Motors CANYON 2WD 25.1 17.0 23.1 20.0
General Motors COLORADO 2WD 24.9 16.9 23.0 19.9
Ford RANGER 2WD 24.6 16.9 22.2 19.6
General Motors CANYON 4WD 22.9 15.6 21.4 18.4
General Motors COLORADO 4WD 22.7 15.3 21.3 18.2
Toyota TOYOTA TACOMA 4WD 22.5 15.8 19.9 17.9
Ford B3000 2WD 22.1 15.1 20.2 17.7
Ford RANGER 4WD 19.4 13.6 17.4 15.5
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
B-14
September 2008
-------
Table B-16
Model Year 2008 Nameplate Fuel Economy Listing
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LARGE PICKUP
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
Isuzu 1-290 2WD EXT CAB
,.. 26.2
17 . 9
23. 8
20.8
General Motors CANYON CREW CAB 2WD ...
, . . 24 . 4
16.5
22.5
19.5
General Motors COLORADO CREW CAB 2WD .
, . . 23.6
15.9
22. 1
19.0
Isuzu 1-370 2WD CREW CAB
, . . 23.4
15.8
22. 0
18.8
Isuzu 1-370 2WD EXT CAB
, . . 23. 4
15.8
22. 0
18.8
Nissan FRONTIER 2WD
, . . 23.1
16.0
20. 8
18.4
Ford RANGER 2WD
, . . 23.0
15.7
21. 0
18.4
Ford B3000 2WD
, . . 22. 0
15.0
20.3
17 . 6
Ford B4 000 2WD
, . . 21.8
15.1
19.6
17 . 4
General Motors CANYON CAB CHASSIS INC
4 WD
, . . 21.6
14.6
20. 4
17 . 4
Isuzu 1-370 4WD CREW CAB
, . . 21. 6
14.6
20. 4
17 . 4
General Motors COLORADO CAB CHASSIS INC
4WD . .
, . . 21.6
14.6
20. 4
17 . 4
General Motors CANYON CREW CAB 4WD ...
, . . 21.6
14.6
20. 4
17 . 4
General Motors COLORADO CREW CAB 4WD .
, . . 21. 6
14.6
20. 4
17 . 4
Honda RIDGELINE 4WD
, . . 21.4
14.6
19.9
17.2
Chrysler RAIDER PICKUP 2WD
, . . 21.4
14.6
19.8
17.2
Ford RANGER 4WD
, . . 21. 3
14.9
19.0
17 . 0
General Motors C15 SILVERADO 2WD
, . . 21.1
14.4
19.5
17 . 0
General Motors C15 SIERRA 2WD
, . . 21.0
14.4
19.5
16.9
Chrysler DAKOTA PICKUP 2WD
, . . 20. 8
14.2
19.5
16.8
Nissan FRONTIER 4WD
, . . 20.8
14.4
19.0
16.7
General Motors C150 0 AVAIANCHE 2WD ...
,.. 20.7
13.9
20. 0
16.8
Ford EXPLORER SPORT TRAC 2WD
,.. 20.5
13.7
19.9
16.7
General Motors K15 SILVERADO 4WD
,.. 20.2
13.9
18 . 7
16.3
General Motors K15 SIERRA 4WD
,.. 20.1
13.8
18 . 6
16.2
Toyota TOYOTA TUNDRA 2WD
, . . 20. 1
14.0
18 . 0
16.1
Ford F150 PICKUP 2WD
, . . 20. 0
13.7
18 . 7
16.1
General Motors K150 0 AVAIANCHE 4WD ...
,.. 19.9
13.5
18 . 9
16.1
Ford F150 STX SE 2WD
,.. 19.9
13.5
18 . 7
16.1
Chrysler DAKOTA PICKUP 4WD
,.. 19.7
13.6
18 . 3
15.9
Chrysler RAIDER PICKUP 4WD
,.. 19.7
13.6
18 . 2
15.9
Chrysler RAM 1500 PICKUP 2WD
,.. 19.6
13.4
18 . 3
15.8
Ford B4000 4WD
,.. 19.5
13.7
17 . 5
15.6
General Motors CANYON CAB CHASSIS INC
2WD
,.. 19.4
13.5
17 . 5
15.6
General Motors COLORADO CAB CHASSIS INC
2 WD . .
,.. 19.4
13.5
17 . 5
15.6
Ford EXPLORER SPORT TRAC 4WD
,.. 19.3
13.1
18 . 5
15.7
Ford F150 FFV 2WD
, . . 18.9
13.0
17 . 6
15.3
Ford F150 FFV 4WD
, . . 18.6
12.9
17 . 2
15.0
Chrysler RAM 1500 PICKUP 4WD
, . . 18.4
12.7
17 . 0
14.8
Toyota TOYOTA TUNDRA 4WD
, . . 18.3
12.7
16.9
14.8
General Motors K15 SIERRA AWD
,.. 18.3
12.0
18 . 6
15.1
Ford F150 PICKUP 4WD
, . . 18.3
12.7
16.8
14.7
Nissan TITAN 2WD
, . . 18.2
12.4
17 . 4
14.8
Ford MARK LT 4WD
, . . 18.1
12.5
16.6
14.6
Ford MARK LT
, . . 17 . 5
12.0
16.3
14.1
Nissan TITAN 4WD
, . . 17 . 4
11.8
16.6
14.2
Saleen F150 SUPERCHARGED
,.. 16.6
11.5
15.3
13.4
Saleen S331 FAMILY
,.. 16.1
11.1
15. 0
13.0
Foose F150 SUPERCAB 2WD
,.. 16.0
11.0
15. 0
13.0
Foose F150 REGULAR CAB 2WD
,.. 16.0
11.0
15. 0
13.0
Foose F150 REGULAR CAR 4WD
,.. 16.0
11.0
15. 0
13.0
Foose F150 SUPERCAB 4WD
,.. 16.0
11.0
15. 0
13.0
Foose F150 SUPERCREW 4WD
,.. 16.0
11.0
15. 0
13.0
Roush STAGE3 F150 SUPERCAB 4WD
,.. 16.0
11.0
15. 0
13.0
Roush STAGE3 F150 SUPERCREW 4WD
,.. 16.0
11.0
15. 0
13.0
Roush STAGE3 F150 REGULAR CAR 4WD
,.. 16.0
11.0
15. 0
13.0
Roush STAGE3 F150 SUPERCAB 2WD
,.. 16.0
11.0
15. 0
13.0
Roush STAGE3 F150 SUPERCREW 2WD
,.. 16.0
11.0
15. 0
13.0
Roush STAGE3 F150 REGULAR CAB 2WD
,.. 16.0
11.0
15. 0
13.0
Foose F150 SUPERCREW 2WD
,.. 16.0
11.0
15. 0
13.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
B-15
September 2008
-------
Light-Duty Automotive Technology and
Appendix C
Fuel Economy Distribution Data
This technical report does not necessarily represent final EPA decisions or
positions. It is intended to present technical analysis of issues using data
that are currently available. The purpose in the release of such reports is to
facilitate the exchange of technical information and to inform the public of
technical developments.
Fuel Economy Trends
1975 Through 2008
~
#
Compliance and Innovative Strategies Division
and
Transportation and Climate Division
Offce of T ransportation and Air Quality
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
NOTICE
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
EPA420-R-08-015
September 2008
-------
Table C-l Cars with Lowest Adjusted MPG by Model Year
ylodel
Manufacturer
Model Name
EPA Size
Inertia
Fuel
HP
CID
<-
Fuel Economy
->
rear
Class
Weight
Drive
Trans
Gears
Induct
City
Hwy Corrposite
1975
GM
Toronado
Large
5500
Front
Auto
Carb
175
455
7
7
9.4
8.4
1976
Jaguar
Jensen
Two Seater
4500
Rear
Auto
Carb
250
440
7
7
10.0
8 . 6
1977
Rolls Royce
Rolls Royce
Compact
5500
Rear
Auto
Carb
170
412
7
8
8 . 9
8.3
1978
Dodge
Monaco
Midsi ze
5000
Rear
Auto
3
Carb
240
440
7
5
8 . 7
8 . 0
1979
Aston Martin
Aston Martin
Subcompact
4500
Rear
Manual
5
Carb
60
326
6
8
9 . 7
7 . 9
1980
Aston
Aston Martin
Subcompact
4500
Rear
Manual
5
Carb
275
326
6
8
9 . 7
7 . 9
1981
Peugot
605
Compact
3500
Rear
Auto
3
Carb
132
174
3
2
6 . 0
4 . 0
1982
Masserati
Quattroporte
Midsi ze
5000
Rear
Lockup
3
Carb
288
301
7
7
9 . 8
8 . 5
1983
Masserati
Quattroporte
Midsi ze
5000
Rear
Lockup
3
Carb
288
301
7
7
9 . 8
8 . 5
1984
Masserati
Quattroporte
Midsi ze
5000
Rear
Lockup
3
Carb
288
301
7
7
9 . 8
8 . 5
1985
Masserati
Quattroporte
Midsi ze
5000
Rear
Lockup
3
Carb
288
301
7
7
9 . 8
8 . 5
1986
Lamborghini
Countach
Two Seater
3500
Rear
Manual
5
Port
420
315
6
1
10 . 4
7 . 5
1987
Lamborghini
Countach
Two Seater
3500
Rear
Manual
5
Port
420
315
6
1
10 . 4
7 . 5
1988
Lamborghini
Countach
Two Seater
3500
Rear
Manual
5
Port
420
315
6
1
10 . 4
7 . 5
1989
Lamborghini
Countach
Two Seater
3500
Rear
Manual
5
TBI
420
315
6
0
10 . 3
7 . 5
1990
Aston Martin
Aston Martin
Subcompact
5000
Rear
Lockup
3
Port
240
326
8
2
10 . 7
9 . 2
1991
Vector
W8
Two Seater
4000
Rear
Auto
3
Port
450
365
7
2
10 . 5
8 . 5
1992
Vector
W8
Two Seater
4000
Rear
Auto
3
Port
450
365
7
2
10 . 5
8 . 5
1993
Vector
W8
Two Seater
4000
Rear
Auto
3
Port
450
365
7
1
10 . 4
8 . 5
1994
Lamborghini
DB132
Two Seater
4000
4wd
Manual
5
Port
492
348
9
0
13.7
10 . 9
1995
Ferrari
F50
Two Seater
3000
Rear
Manual
6
Port
510
287
7
3
10.7
8.7
1996
Lamborghini
M12
Two Seater
4000
Rear
Manual
5
Port
492
348
8
5
12.2
10.1
1997
Lamborghini
DB132
Two Seater
4000
4wd
Manual
5
Port
492
348
8
7
13 . 6
10.7
1998
Ferrari
550
Two Seater
4000
Rear
Manual
6
Port
475
334
8
6
14 .1
10.8
1999
Ferrari
550
Two Seater
4000
Rear
Manual
6
Port
475
334
8
5
13.4
10.5
2000
Ferrari
550
Two Seater
4000
Rear
Manual
6
Port
475
334
7
9
12.4
9 . 9
2001
Ferrari
550
Two Seater
4000
Rear
Manual
6
Port
475
334
7
9
12.4
9.8
2002
Lamborghini
L147
Two Seater
4000
4wd
Manual
6
Port
580
378
8
4
12 . 0
10.1
2003
Ferrari
Enzo
Two Seater
3500
Rear
Auto
6
Port
646
366
7
1
11. 6
9.0
2004
Lamborghini
LI 4 7
Two Seater
4000
4wd
Manual
6
Port
580
378
8
4
12 . 5
10.3
2005
Lamborghini
LI 4 7
Two Seater
4000
4wd
Manual
6
Port
580
378
8
3
12 . 5
10.3
2006
Veyron
Bugatti
Two Seater
4500
4wd
Lockup
6
Port
1001
488
7
8
13.8
10.3
2007
Lamborghini
LI 4 7
Two Seater
4000
4wd
Manual
6
Port
631
396
8
3
12 . 8
10.4
2008
Veyron
Bugatti
Two Seater
4500
4wd
Lockup
6
Port
1001
488
7
8
13.0
10.1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
C-l
September 2008
-------
Table C-2
Cars with Highest Adjusted MPG by Model Year
Model Manufacturer Model Name
Year
EPA Size Inertia
Class Weight Drive Trans
Fuel HP
Gears Induct.
<- Fuel Economy ->
City Hwy Composite
1975
Honda
Civic CVCC
Minicompact
2000
Front
Manual
5
Carb
52
90
25 . 4
33 . 0
28 . 3
1976
Honda
Civic CVCC
Minicompact
2000
Front
Manual
3
Carb
60
91
28 . 4
33 . 4
30.5
1977
Honda
Civic CVCC
Minicompact
2000
Front
Manual
Carb
60
91
35 . 7
40 . 2
37 . 6
1978
VW
Rabbit
Subcompact
2250
Front
Manual
4
Diesel
48
90
35 . 2
40 . 7
37 . 5
1979
VW
Rabbit
Subcompact
2250
Front
Manual
5
Diesel
48
90
36 . 7
42 . 6
39.1
1980
VW
Rabbit
Subcompact
2250
Front
Manual
5
Diesel
48
90
37 . 7
44 .1
40.3
1981
VW
Rabbit
Subcompact
2250
Front
Manual
4
Diesel
52
97
37 . 9
45 . 4
40.9
1982
VW
Rabbit
Subcompact
2250
Front
Manual
4
Diesel
52
97
40 . 9
45 .1
42 . 7
1983
Nissan
Sentra
Subcompact
2250
Front
Manual
4
Diesel
55
103
43 . 4
47 . 8
45.3
1984
Honda
Civic
Two Seater
2000
Front
Manual
5
Carb
60
82
45 . 7
51 . 2
48 .1
1985
Suzuki
SA310
Minicompact
1750
Front
Manual
5
Carb
48
61
47 . 4
52 . 7
49.6
1986
Geo
Sprint
Minicompact
1750
Front
Manual
5
Carb
46
61
54 . 8
59 . 2
56.7
1987
Geo
Sprint
Minicompact
1750
Front
Manual
5
Carb
46
61
52 . 7
57 . 4
54 . 8
1988
Geo
Sprint
Minicompact
1750
Front
Manual
5
Carb
46
61
52 . 2
57 .1
54 . 4
1989
Honda
Civic CRX
Two Seater
2000
Front
Manual
5
Port
62
91
47 . 9
53 . 8
50.5
1990
Geo
Metro XFI
Subcompact
1750
Front
Manual
5
TBI
49
61
50 . 7
56 . 7
53 . 4
1991
Geo
Metro XFI
Subcompact
1750
Front
Manual
5
TBI
55
61
50 . 2
56 . 3
53 . 0
1992
Geo
Metro XFI
Subcompact
1750
Front
Manual
5
TBI
55
61
49.6
56 . 0
52 . 6
1993
Geo
Metro XFI
Subcompact
1750
Front
Manual
5
TBI
55
61
49.1
55 . 6
52 . 2
1994
Geo
Metro XFI
Subcompact
1750
Front
Manual
5
TBI
55
61
49.3
55 . 3
52 .1
1995
Honda
Civic HB
Subcompact
2250
Front
Manual
5
Port
91
91
42 . 4
53 . 0
47 . 2
1996
Suzuki
Swi ft
Subcompact
2000
Front
Manual
5
TBI
55
61
40 . 3
46 . 4
43 . 2
1997
Geo
Metro
Subcompact
2000
Front
Manual
5
TBI
55
61
39 . 5
46 .1
42 . 7
1998
Geo
Metro
Subcompact
2000
Front
Manual
5
TBI
55
60
38 .1
46 .1
41 . 9
1999
VW
Beetle
Subcompact
3000
Front
Manual
5
Diesel
90
116
36 . 8
45 . 4
40 . 9
2000
Honda
Insight
Two Seater
2000
Front
Manual
5
Port
67
61
51 .8
63 . 0
57 . 3
2001
Honda
Insight
Two Seater
2000
Front
Manual
5
Port
67
61
50.8
61 . 8
56 . 3
2002
Honda
Insight
Two Seater
2000
Front
Manual
5
Port
67
61
50.2
60 . 7
55 . 5
2003
Honda
Insight
Two Seater
2000
Front
Manual
5
Port
67
61
49.4
60 . 3
54 . 9
2004
Honda
Insight
Two Seater
2000
Front
Manual
5
Port
67
61
48 . 6
57 . 9
53 . 4
2005
Honda
Insight
Two Seater
2000
Front
Manual
5
Port
73
61
48.3
57 . 7
53 . 3
2006
Honda
Insight
Two Seater
2000
Front
Manual
5
Port
73
61
47 . 9
57 . 6
53 . 0
2007
Toyota
Prius
Midsi ze
3000
Front
CVT
Port
76
91
47 .7
45 .1
46 . 2
2008
Toyota
Prius
Midsi ze
3000
Front
CVT
Port
76
91
47 .7
45 .1
46 . 2
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
C-2
September 2008
-------
Table C-3
Trucks with Lowest Adjusted MPG by Model Year
Model Manufacturer Model Name
Year
EPA Size
Class
Inertia
Weight Drive
Fuel HP
Gears Induct.
<- Fuel Economy ->
City Hwy Composite
1975
Ford
F250
Large
Pickup
5000
Rear
Auto
Carb
150
360
7 . 5
7 . 8
7 . 6
1976
GM
P20
Midsize Van
6500
Rear
Auto
Carb
245
454
7 . 3
8 . 5
7 . 8
1977
Toyota
Land Cruiser
Midsize SUV
4500
Rear
Auto
Carb
125
258
7 . 4
8 . 9
8 . 0
1978
GM
C20 Suburban
Large
SUV
5500
Rear
Auto
Carb
185
454
8 . 0
8 .1
8 . 0
1979
Ford
Pickup
Large
Pickup
5500
Rear
Auto
3
Carb
270
460
8 .1
7 . 7
7 . 9
1980
GM
Cab Chassis
Large
Pickup
6000
Rear
Lockup
3
Carb
155
350
8 .1
8 . 8
8 . 4
1981
Chrysler
B250 Van
Midsize Van
5500
Rear
Auto
3
Carb
170
360
9 . 0
10 .1
9 . 4
1982
GM
G35 Sportvan
Large
Van
5500
Rear
Lockup
3
Carb
165
350
9 . 5
10 . 8
10 .1
1983
Ford
E250 Econoline
Large
Van
5500
Rear
Auto
3
Carb
143
351
9 . 8
10 . 8
10 . 3
1984
Chrysler
B350 Wagon
Large
Van
5500
Rear
Auto
3
Carb
175
360
8 . 7
10 . 7
9 . 5
1985
Ford
E250 Econoline
Large
Van
5500
Rear
Auto
3
Carb
154
351
9 . 5
9 . 6
9 . 6
1986
Chrysler
B350 Wagon
Large
Van
5500
Rear
Auto
3
Carb
170
360
9 . 8
11 . 2
10 . 4
1987
Chrysler
A150 Ramcharger
Midsize SUV
5000
4wd
Auto
3
Carb
175
360
9 . 2
11 . 2
10 . 0
1988
Chrysler
W100 Pickup
Large
Pickup
5000
4wd
Auto
3
Carb
175
360
9 . 2
10 . 6
9 . 8
1989
Chrysler
B350 Wagon
Large
Van
5500
Rear
Auto
3
TBI
145
360
9 . 7
10 . 9
10 . 2
1990
GM
C1500 Pickup
Large
Pickup
4500
Rear
Auto
3
TBI
230
454
9 . 3
10.8
10 . 0
1991
Chrysler
W250 Pickup
Large
Pickup
5500
4wd
Auto
3
TBI
190
360
9 .1
12.3
10 . 4
1992
Chrysler
W250 Pickup
Large
Pickup
5000
4wd
Auto
4
TBI
203
360
9 . 0
12.7
10 . 5
1993
GM
C1500 Pickup
Large
Pickup
4500
Rear
Lockup
4
TBI
255
454
9 . 3
12.0
10 . 5
1994
Chrysler
B150 Wagon
Midsize Van
5500
Rear
Lockup
4
Port
230
360
11 . 0
13.8
12 . 2
1995
Chrysler
B3500 Wagon
Large
Van
5500
Rear
Lockup
4
Port
230
360
10.7
14 .1
12 . 2
1996
Chrysler
Ram 1500 Pickup
Large
Pickup
5500
4wd
Lockup
4
Port
230
360
10.5
14 . 6
12 . 3
1997
Chrysler
B3500 Wagon
Large
Van
5500
Rear
Lockup
4
Port
230
360
10.3
14 .1
12 . 0
1998
Ford
E250 Econoline
Large
Van
6000
Rear
Lockup
4
Port
235
330
10.7
13.4
11 . 9
1999
Chrysler
B2500 Wagon
Large
Van
6000
4wd
Lockup
4
Port
200
318
10.0
13.3
11 . 5
2000
Ford
F150
Large
Pickup
6500
Rear
Lockup
4
Port
193
330
10.1
13.5
11 . 7
2001
GM
K150G Sierra
Large
Pickup
5500
4wd
Lockup
4
Port
300
364
10.4
13.3
11 . 8
2002
GM
C2500 Silverado
Large
Pickup
6000
Rear
Lockup
4
Port
300
412
10.2
12 . 6
11 . 4
2003
GM
G1500 Chevy Van
Large
Van
6000
Rear
Lockup
4
Port
300
364
8 . 9
13.2
10 . 9
2004
GM
G1500 Chevy Van
Large
Van
6000
Rear
Lockup
4
Port
300
412
8.5
12.5
10 . 4
2005
GM
K2500 Silverado
Large
Pickup
6000
4wd
Lockup
4
Port
300
364
8.5
11.0
9 . 7
2006
Chrysler
Ram 1500
Large
Pickup
6000
Rear
Lockup
4
Port
500
505
8.2
11.5
9 . 8
2007
Mercedes
G55 AMG
Large
SUV
6000
4wd
Lockup
5
Port
493
332
10.8
13.5
12 . 2
2008
Mercedes
G55 AMG
Large
SUV
6000
4wd
Lockup
5
Port
493
332
10.8
13.5
12 . 2
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
C-3
September 2008
-------
'able
[odel
ear
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
C-4 Trucks with Highest Adjusted MPG by Model Year
•lanufacturer
Model Name
EPA Size
Inertia
Fuel
HP
CID
<- 1
Fuel Economy
Class
Weight
Drive
Trans
Gears
Induct.
City
Hwy i
Cornposi'
Nissan
Pickup
Small
Pickup
2750
Rear
Manual
Carb
107
119
18 . 3
24 .8
20.8
Ford
Courier
Midsize Pickup
3000
Rear
Manual
Carb
65
109
21.1
25 . 9
23.0
Mazda
B1800 Pickup
Midsize Pickup
3000
Rear
Manual
Carb
67
110
25.0
31 .1
27.4
Ford
Courier
Midsize Pickup
3000
Rear
Manual
Carb
67
110
26.3
30.0
27.8
Mazda
B2000
Midsize Pickup
3000
Rear
Manual
5
Carb
72
120
24 . 0
28.7
25 . 9
I suzu
Pickup
Small
Pickup
2250
Front
Manual
5
Diesel
48
90
35 . 9
41. 6
38 .3
I suzu
Pickup
Small
Pickup
2250
Front
Manual
5
Diesel
52
97
33 . 4
39.7
36.0
VW
Pickup
Small
Pickup
2250
Front
Manual
4
Diesel
52
97
36 . 6
37 . 4
37 .0
VW
Pickup
Small
Pickup
2250
Front
Manual
4
Diesel
52
97
37 . 8
38 . 7
38 .2
I suzu
P'UP Pickup
Small
Pickup
2750
Rear
Manual
4
Diesel
62
137
34 . 6
38 . 3
36.1
I suzu
P'UP Pickup
Small
Pickup
2750
Rear
Manual
4
Diesel
62
137
34 . 6
38 . 3
36.1
I suzu
P'UP Pickup
Small
Pickup
2750
Rear
Manual
4
Diesel
62
137
34 . 3
38 .1
35 . 9
I suzu
P'UP Pickup
Midsi
ze Pickup
3000
Rear
Manual
4
Diesel
60
137
34 . 0
38 . 5
36.0
Suzuki
Samari
Small
SUV
2250
4wd
Manual
5
Carb
64
81
27 . 0
28 . 7
27 .7
Suzuki
Sidekick
Small
SUV
2250
4wd
Manual
5
Carb
64
79
27 . 2
28 . 3
27 .7
Suzuki
Samari
Small
SUV
2500
4wd
Manual
5
TBI
6 6
79
27 . 2
28 .1
27 . 6
Suzuki
Samari
Small
SUV
2500
Rear
Manual
5
TBI
6 6
79
27 . 0
27 . 9
27 . 5
Suzuki
Samari
Small
SUV
2500
Rear
Manual
5
TBI
6 6
79
26 . 8
27 . 8
27 . 3
Suzuki
Samari
Small
SUV
2500
Rear
Manual
5
TBI
6 6
79
26 . 6
27 . 7
27 .1
Suzuki
Samari
Small
SUV
2500
4wd
Manual
5
TBI
66
79
26.4
27 . 6
27 . 0
Suzuki
Samari
Small
SUV
2500
4wd
Manual
5
TBI
66
79
26.3
27.5
26 . 9
GM
Sonoma
Midsize Pickup
3000
Rear
Manual
5
Port
118
134
22 . 3
29.6
25 . 6
GM
Sonoma
Midsize Pickup
3000
Rear
Manual
5
Port
118
134
22 . 2
29.5
25.5
Suzuki
X 90
Small
SUV
2750
4wd
Manual
5
Port
95
97
22 . 8
26.5
24 .7
Geo
Tracker
Small
SUV
3000
4wd
Manual
5
Port
97
97
23 . 0
26.3
24 .7
Suzuki
Vitara
Small
SUV
2750
Rear
Manual
5
Port
97
97
22 . 8
26.3
24 . 6
Toyota
RAV 4
Small
SUV
3000
Front
Manual
5
Port
148
122
22 . 3
28 . 6
25.4
Suzuki
Vitara
Small
SUV
3000
Rear
Lockup
4
Port
127
118
23 . 0
28 . 8
25.9
Toyota
RAV 4
Small
SUV
3000
Front
Manual
5
Port
148
122
22 . 0
28 . 4
25.2
Toyota
RAV 4
Small
SUV
3000
Front
Lockup
4
Port
161
144
21 . 5
26.7
24 . 2
Ford
Escape Hybrid
Midsi
ze SUV
4000
Front
CVT
Port
135
140
30 .1
27 . 9
28 . 8
Ford
Escape Hybrid
Midsize SUV
4000
Front
CVT
Port
135
140
30 . 0
27 . 7
28 . 7
Ford
Escape Hybrid
Midsize SUV
4000
Front
CVT
Port
133
140
31 . 3
28 . 5
29.7
Ford
Escape Hybrid
Midsize SUV
4000
Front
CVT
Port
133
140
34 . 3
29 . 6
31. 5
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
C-4
September 2008
-------
Table C-5
Sales Weighted Percentile Distribution of Adjusted Composite Car Fuel Economy
Model « Percentile Level » Actual
Year 0% 1% 5% 10% 20% 25% 50% 75% 80% 90% 95% 99% 100% Average
1975
8 . 4
9
0
9.8
10.2
10. 9
11.2
13. 1
16.7
18 . 0
20.9
23. 1
27 . 4
28.3
13.5
1976
8 . 6
10
4
11. 2
11.7
12.3
12.7
14 . 6
17.3
18 . 9
22. 9
24 . 6
28.2
30.5
14.9
1977
8 . 3
10
6
11. 6
12.4
13.5
14.0
15. 0
17.3
18 . 8
24 . 0
28 . 0
33.8
37 . 6
15.6
1978
8 . 0
11
4
12. 6
13.2
14 . 2
14.9
17 . 0
19.9
21. 3
25.0
28 . 2
32.7
37.5
16.9
1979
7 . 9
12
0
13. 1
13.7
14 . 7
15.2
17 . 1
20.4
21. 9
24 . 6
26.4
31. 0
39.1
17.2
1980
7 . 9
13
8
14 . 8
15.9
17 . 3
17 . 6
19.8
23.1
23. 9
26.6
29.1
o
CO
cn
40.3
20.0
1981
4 . 0
14
6
15. 8
16.9
18 . 4
18.6
21. 6
25.5
26.2
28.7
31. 6
37 . 9
40. 9
21. 4
1982
8 . 5
15
4
16.5
17 . 0
18 . 2
19.1
23.3
26.1
27 . 3
29.6
32. 6
38 . 9
42.7
22.2
1983
8 . 5
16
3
16.5
17 . 0
17 . 8
18.4
22.3
26.9
28 . 0
31.2
33. 1
36.6
45.3
22.1
1984
8 . 5
16
6
17 . 0
17.3
18 . 1
19.3
22. 9
26.5
27 . 3
29.9
32. 8
38.2
48.0
22.4
1985
8.5
17
6
17 . 8
18.4
19.4
19.9
23. 1
26.9
27 . 7
30.0
33. 6
39.0
49.6
23.0
1986
7.5
18
3
18 . 8
19.6
20.3
20.6
24 . 4
26.7
27 . 9
30.1
33.7
39.3
56.7
23.7
1987
7.5
18
2
18 . 6
19.1
20. 8
21.2
23. 9
27 . 0
27 . 9
30.1
31. 5
38 .1
54 . 8
23.8
1988
7.5
18
1
19.2
19.4
21. 2
22.4
24 . 4
27.2
27 . 6
30.5
32.3
37 . 9
54 . 4
24 .1
1989
7.5
18
9
19.2
19.6
20. 9
21. 9
23.3
26.3
27 . 2
29.1
30. 9
37 . 6
50.5
23.7
1990
9.2
18
1
19.0
19.3
21. 3
21.5
23. 0
26.0
26.2
28 . 4
30. 9
34 . 6
53. 4
23.3
1991
8.5
18
4
19.5
19.8
20. 8
21.3
23.2
26.1
26.4
29.2
31. 6
36.3
53. 0
23.4
1992
8.5
18
3
19.1
19.9
20. 4
20.6
22.5
25. 6
25. 9
28.7
31. 5
39.1
52. 6
23.1
1993
8.5
18
2
19.0
19.9
21. 1
21.3
23. 1
25.8
27 . 3
28.7
31. 7
35.7
52.2
23.5
1994
10 . 9
18
2
19.2
19.6
20.7
21. 4
22. 9
26.0
26.5
28.5
30.2
35.7
52. 1
23.3
1995
8.7
18
5
19.1
19.4
21 .2
21.7
22. 9
26.0
27 . 1
29.2
31. 4
34 . 6
47 . 2
23.4
1996
10 .1
19
1
19.3
19.8
21 .3
21. 4
22.5
25.7
26.4
29.1
30. 9
33.8
43.2
23.3
1997
10.7
18
7
19.2
19.8
21 .1
21.1
23. 1
25.7
26.7
28.7
30. 0
33.2
42.7
23.4
1998
10 . 8
18
6
19.0
20.3
21 .3
21.3
22. 8
25.3
26.5
29.3
30. 0
31.5
41.9
23.4
1999
10.5
18
7
19.2
19.8
21 .2
21. 4
22.5
24.3
25.5
28 .1
29.3
31.3
40. 9
23.0
2000
9.9
18
4
19.5
19.8
21 . 4
21.3
22.2
24 . 6
25.3
27 . 8
29.1
31. 0
57 . 3
22. 9
2001
9.8
18
5
19.4
19.7
20 . 8
21.1
22.5
25.7
26.0
28.5
30. 9
31. 8
56.3
23.0
2002
10 .1
18
0
19.3
19.9
21 .2
21.5
22.5
24 . 9
25.3
27.5
30.5
32.7
55.5
23.1
2003
9.0
17
7
19.2
19.9
20 . 9
21.5
23 .1
25.1
25.7
28.3
29.4
34.7
54 . 9
23.2
2004
10.3
17
5
18 . 9
19.6
21 . 0
21.2
23 .1
25.4
25. 8
28.2
29.7
37 .1
53. 4
23.1
2005
10.3
17
5
18 . 6
19.4
21 .1
21.7
23 .1
25.5
25. 8
28 . 9
29.4
41.8
53.3
23.5
2006
10.3
17
4
18.7
19.6
20.7
21.5
23.2
25. 6
25. 8
29.7
30.3
42.9
53. 0
23.3
2007
10 . 4
16
6
18.7
19.8
21 .2
21. 8
23 . 6
26.6
27 . 8
29.6
32.3
42.9
46.2
24 .1
2008
10 .1
17
2
18.7
20.1
21 .3
22.0
23.7
27 . 0
28 . 1
30.6
31. 3
42.9
46.2
24 .1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
C-5
September 2008
-------
Table C-6
Sales Weighted Percentile Distribution of Adjusted Composite Truck Fuel Economy
Model « Percentile Level » Actual
Year 0% 1% 5% 10% 20% 25% 50% 75% 80% 90% 95% 99% 100% Average
1975
7 . 6
7 . 9
CO
9.2
9. 6
9.7
11. 7
13.4
15. 0
17 . 8
19.0
19.2
20.8
11
6
1976
7 . 8
9.0
9. 6
10.0
10.4
10.5
11. 8
14.2
15. 6
17.2
19.6
21. 6
23.0
12
2
1977
8 . 0
8 . 8
10.3
10.8
11. 5
11.6
12. 6
15.5
15. 8
19.6
21. 7
25. 6
27 . 4
13
3
1978
8 . 0
9.5
10.3
10.6
11. 0
11.1
12.2
15.7
16.3
19.5
22.3
24 . 6
27 . 8
12
9
1979
7 . 9
8 .1
9.2
9.5
10.3
10.8
12.2
15.5
16.1
19.5
20.7
25.8
25. 9
12
5
1980
8 . 4
10.7
11. 4
12.1
13.2
13.3
16.1
19.2
20.3
22.2
23. 1
25.8
38 . 3
15
8
1981
9.4
11.2
12.5
13.4
14 . 8
15.2
16.1
20.3
21. 6
25.0
26. 6
31.2
36.0
17
1
1982
10.1
11.1
12. 1
13.1
14 . 8
15.2
17 . 1
20.9
22. 8
24.3
26.4
30.6
37 . 0
17
4
1983
10.3
11.0
12. 0
13.6
14 . 8
15.4
18 . 2
22.0
22.7
25.0
26.4
30.0
38 . 2
17
8
1984
9.5
11.0
12. 0
13.2
14 . 7
15.0
18 . 3
20.5
21. 5
24.2
25. 9
29.2
36.1
17
4
1985
9.6
11. 4
12. 4
13.7
14 . 0
14.8
18 . 7
20.8
21. 6
23.7
25. 0
to
-J
CO
36.1
17
5
1986
10 . 4
11. 8
13.5
14.4
15. 1
15.7
18 . 5
21. 8
22. 9
23.8
25.7
27 . 7
35. 9
18
2
1987
10 . 0
11. 6
13. 8
14.2
15. 1
16.0
18 . 5
21.3
22.7
23.7
25. 9
27 . 6
36.0
18
3
1988
9.8
12.2
13. 9
14.2
15.2
15.6
18 . 6
20.1
21. 5
23.3
25. 0
27 . 7
27 . 7
17
9
1989
10.2
11. 6
13. 8
14.4
15. 1
15.5
18 . 5
19.9
20.2
22. 6
24 . 0
24 . 6
27 . 7
17
6
1990
10 . 0
11.7
13. 6
13.9
14 . 9
15.5
17 . 7
19.2
20. 4
22.4
24 . 1
24.2
27 . 6
17
4
1991
10 . 4
12.3
13.7
14.5
15. 6
16.3
18 . 2
19.6
20.2
22.7
24 . 0
24 . 8
27 . 5
17
8
1992
10.5
12.5
14 . 0
14.3
15. 1
15.8
17 . 5
19.3
20. 1
22.1
23.3
24 . 6
27 . 3
17
4
1993
10.5
12. 9
14 . 0
14.5
15. 4
15.6
17 . 7
19.4
19.8
21. 8
23. 6
24 . 6
27 . 1
17
5
1994
12.2
13.1
13. 8
14.1
14 . 9
15.4
17 . 2
19.6
19.6
22.5
23.2
24.3
27 . 0
17
6
1995
12.2
12.8
13. 9
13.9
14 . 9
15.1
16.9
18.9
19.2
21.5
23.5
24 .1
26. 9
17
0
1996
12.3
12.2
13. 8
14.3
14 . 7
15.2
17 . 4
19.2
19.5
21. 8
22.3
24 . 4
25. 6
17
2
1997
12 . 0
13.2
13. 8
14.5
15. 0
15.3
17 . 0
18.6
19.3
21. 0
23. 0
24.2
25.5
17
0
1998
11 . 9
13.1
13. 6
14.2
14 . 9
15.4
17 . 2
19.2
19.6
21.7
22.3
23. 9
24 . 7
17
1
1999
11.5
13.0
13.5
13.9
14 . 9
15.3
16.8
18.6
19.3
20.3
21. 6
23.5
24 . 7
16
7
2000
11.7
13.1
13. 9
14.3
15.5
15.3
16.9
18.8
19.3
20.1
21. 5
22.8
24 . 6
16
9
2001
11 . 8
12.5
13. 6
14.0
15.2
15.4
16.4
18.5
19.1
20.4
21. 8
22. 9
25. 4
16
7
2002
11 . 4
12. 6
13. 9
14.5
15. 0
15.2
16.2
18.5
19.1
20.1
21. 8
23. 9
28 . 7
16
7
2003
10 . 9
13. 6
13. 8
14.2
14 . 8
15.3
16.2
19.2
19.5
20.8
21. 9
23.5
29.5
16
9
2004
10 . 4
13.5
13. 9
14.3
14 . 8
15.2
16.7
18.3
19.2
20.7
21. 8
22.8
24 . 2
16
7
2005
lvO
CO
13. 6
14 .3
14.5
15. 1
15.6
17 . 2
19.6
19.7
21.1
22. 1
23.5
03
CO
C\]
17
2
2006
9.8
14 . 0
14 .2
14 . 9
15.3
15.6
17 . 2
19.7
19.9
21.1
22.3
25.4
28 . 7
17
5
2007
12.2
14.3
14 . 6
15.1
15. 9
16.1
17 . 7
19.7
19.8
21. 8
22. 6
24.5
29.7
17
7
2008
12.2
14.2
14 .7
15.0
16.0
16.4
17 . 8
20.1
20. 4
22.4
23. 0
25. 6
31. 5
18
1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
C-6
September 2008
-------
Table
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
C-7
Percent of 1975 To 2008 Car Sales by Laboratory City MPG Band
From:
To:
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
. 1
53
. 7
26.5
10.1
2 . 5
. 9
47
. 2
35.5
10. 9
4 . 9
. 7
. 3
38
. 8
41. 6
9.5
7 . 4
1
. 0
1
. 4
. 3
26
. 0
49.1
13. 8
6.1
3
. 3
1
. 4
. 0
18
. 5
53.7
15.1
10.3
1
. 9
. 3
. 1
. 0
5
. 4
41. 6
33. 4
13.1
4
. 4
. 8
1
. 1
. 0
2
. 5
36. 9
29.5
22 . 0
5
. 9
2
. 2
1
. 0
. 0
1
. 1
27 . 7
33.1
26.0
9
. 0
2
. 0
. 8
. 3
. 0
. 3
34 . 9
26.6
22 . 2
12
. 9
2
. 4
. 5
. 1
. 0
. 0
26.3
33. 4
28 . 9
7
. 7
2
. 5
. 8
. 2
. 0
. 1
29.6
25.3
34 .1
8
. 3
1
. 4
. 8
. 1
. 0
. 2
18 . 7
38 .1
30. 0
9
. 0
1
. 9
1
. 3
. 5
. 0
. 1
16.2
35.7
34 . 5
11
. 2
. 9
. 9
. 3
. 0
. 2
15. 6
34 . 4
34 . 7
11
. 6
1
. 4
1
. 8
. 2
. 0
. 2
13.7
43.1
31. 9
8
. 4
1
. 1
1
. 1
. 0
. 0
. 2
13. 4
49.5
26.5
8
. 8
1
. 1
. 2
. 0
. 0
. 1
16.4
44.0
27 . 3
9
. 4
1
. 8
. 2
. 6
. 0
. 2
19.0
49.1
21. 0
7
. 2
2
. 4
. 3
. 6
. 0
. 1
13.1
47 . 3
29.0
7
. 8
1
. 8
. 1
. 2
. 1
i—1
CJi
47 . 0
27 . 8
7
. 0
1
. 6
. 4
. 1
. 0
. 1
14 . 7
47 . 4
25.7
10
. 0
1
. 3
. 5
. 4
. 0
. 1
12 . 8
51. 5
23.5
10
. 3
1
. 3
. 3
. 3
. 1
13. 0
49.1
25. 0
11
. 1
1
. 4
. 1
. 2
. 1
9. 9
48.9
28 . 8
10
. 9
1
. 1
. 2
. 2
. 1
10.6
55.2
24 . 0
9
. 4
. 5
. 1
. 1
. 0
. 1
10.4
55.2
25.5
8
. 1
. 4
. 0
. 2
. 0
. 1
11. 0
52 . 4
25.7
8
. 3
2
. 0
. 0
. 2
. 1
9.1
51. 2
29.2
8
. 2
1
. 7
. 0
. 2
. 0
. 1
8 . 9
48.2
31.1
9
. 3
1
. 5
. 0
. 3
. 1
11. 2
47 . 2
29.1
9
. 9
1
. 3
. 2
. 2
11. 0
41. 3
32 . 5
11
. 8
1
. 2
. 1
. 0
. 3
10.1
46.7
27 . 5
12
. 7
1
. 2
. 0
. 3
8 . 8
37 . 7
31. 4
15
. 7
2
. 7
. 9
. 1
. 0
. 2
8 . 6
38 . 9
28 . 7
17
. 9
1
. 7
1
. 4
. 1
50
55
55
60
60
65
65
70
70
75
75
80
80
85
85
90
90
95
95
100
<—i
2
. 0
0
3
. 0
0
2
. 0
0
. 0
6
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
C-7
September 2008
-------
Table C-8
Percent of 1975 To 2008 Car Sales by Laboratory Highway MPG Band
Model From:
Year To:
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
5
10
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
. 0
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
. 1
53
. 1
15
. 2
10
. 5
7 . 5
2 . 5
2 . 0
. 7
40
. 9
34
. 9
6
. 4
10.7
3.8
2 . 5
. 1
31
. 9
41
. 8
9
. 2
6.1
5.3
3.6
1
. 3
. 6
. 2
14
. 0
45
. 0
18
. 9
10.3
5.4
4 .1
1
. 8
. 3
. 0
12
. 3
46
. 0
17
. 6
12 . 3
8 . 0
3.1
. 6
. 1
. 0
. 8
18
. 1
33
. 7
27 . 2
12 . 0
6.3
. 7
1
. 0
2
. 0
. 0
11
. 0
33
. 2
25. 4
15. 9
9. 9
2
. 7
. 5
1 3
. 0
. 0
6
. 7
25
. 6
22 . 2
28 . 8
9.6
4
. 7
1
. 5
9
. 0
. 0
5
. 1
36
. 3
18 . 7
18 . 8
13.1
5
. 5
2
. 0
4
. 1
. 0
. 0
1
. 5
30
. 0
25.5
23. 6
12 . 8
3
. 3
2
. 0
1 0
. 2
. 2
. 0
. 0
. 8
20
. 8
32 . 2
22 . 4
15.1
5
. 7
1
. 7
8
. 0
. 4
. 0
. 0
. 7
12
. 9
28 . 2
38 .1
13.1
3
. 4
2
. 8
2
. 3
. 1
. 0
. 1
. 7
10
. 4
31. 8
35. 9
14 .1
5
. 2
1
. 1
2
. 3
. 2
. 0
. 0
. 7
7
. 8
25.5
42 . 7
15.7
4
. 6
2
. 7
. 2
. 0
. 2
. 0
. 0
. 6
4
. 2
30.1
44.7
13. 4
4
. 7
1
. 9
0
. 1
. 3
. 1
. 0
. 0
. 4
7
. 3
30.7
45.7
10.5
4
. 2
. 7
1
. 2
. 1
. 1
. 0
. 0
. 3
3
. 1
34 . 7
38 . 4
16.1
5
. 6
. 9
2
. 6
. 1
. 0
. 0
. 0
. 3
2
. 4
3 6.6
41. 0
10.8
6
. 2
1
. 6
3
. 5
. 0
. 2
. 0
. 0
. 2
2
. 4
29.2
42 . 2
16.8
6
. 6
1
. 7
2
. 5
. 0
. 1
. 0
. 1
1
. 6
29.5
42 . 8
14 . 3
9
. 3
1
. 5
2
. 5
. 1
. 0
. 0
. 1
. 9
21. 6
51. 3
15.5
8
. 4
1
. 6
3
. 3
. 0
. 0
. 1
. 3
29. 9
46.6
12 . 6
8
. 0
2
. 1
1
. 3
. 0
. 0
. 6
26.4
45.0
19.8
6
. 6
1
. 1
2
. 2
. 0
. 0
. 9
16.4
53. 4
17 . 7
10
. 6
. 6
1
. 3
. 0
. 0
. 7
17 . 8
59.3
14 . 9
6
. 3
. 6
0
. 2
. 0
. 1
1
. 1
18 . 3
58 . 6
16.6
4
. 4
. 5
2
. 2
. 0
. 0
1
. 6
26.8
43.4
17 . 4
7
. 1
3
. 1
3
. 2
. 0
. 0
. 1
1
. 4
21. 7
45. 9
20.8
7
. 1
2
. 2
5
. 2
. 0
. 0
. 0
1
. 9
21. 5
39.4
26. 9
8
. 5
. 8
3
. 7
. 0
. 0
. 1
2
. 8
20.5
41. 0
25.3
8
. 7
. 4
2
1
. 0
. 0
. 0
. 1
1
. 7
18 .1
35. 4
32 . 7
9
. 4
. 6
2
1
. 8
. 0
. 0
. 3
2
. 1
20.2
38 . 7
26.7
6
. 4
4
. 0
0
1
. 1
. 4
. 0
. 0
. 4
1
. 5
17 . 3
32 . 6
29. 9
12
. 2
3
. 7
2
. 0
. 4
. 0
. 2
2
. 1
16.5
31.1
29.7
14
. 1
3
. 5
4
2
. 0
. 4
75
80
80 85 90 95
85 90 95 100
. 1
. 0
. 0
. 0
. 0
. 0
. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
C-8
September 2008
-------
Table C-9
Percent of 1975 To 2008 Car Sales by Laboratory 55/45 MPG Band
Model From:
Year To:
5
10
10
15
15
20
20
25
25
30
30
35
35
40
40
45
45
50
50
55
55
60
60
65
65
70
70
75
75
80
80
85
85
90
90
95
95
100
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
0 47
25
0 15
0 5
0 3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
9 29
4 47
8 56
6 50
4 47
0 19
0 10
0 13
0 11
0 7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 14.3 6.4
8 12.3 10.6
8 10.8 8.6
2 23.9 10.7
7 27.2 14.0
2 . 4
3.2
5.6 1
5.6 3
6.3 1
7 39.2 25.4 11.8 2
3 38.026.716.9 5
127.3 29.4 20.9 6
6 34.6 18.7 22.1 10
9 33.4 24.8 23.3 7
8 42.5 15.2 31.1 7
7 27.7 35.0 24.3 8
7 24.4 31.4 32.3 8
5 18.5 35.9 32.9 8
5 19.8 40.7 29.3 7
5 16.6 51.1 23.6 6
4 19.4 45.4 24.2 7
3 26.2 42.6 21.2 6
3 16.3 49.0 24.3 7
3 20.7 46.4 23.4 6
2 16.7 47.(
2 15. 4
23.1 10
49.8 23.0 9
1 16.0 46.3 25.4 10
1 12.2 51.9 23.0 12
1 12.9 57.3 18.9 10
1 13.3 57.1 20.7 8
1 12.3 53.3 23.4 8
1 11.5 52.9 25.9 7
2 12.8 47.2 27.4 10
2 14.2 45.8 27.0 10
2 14.6 40.3 29.0 12
6 14.1 41.2 28.3 12
28.2 16
27.1 17
8 10.8 37.i
5 11.2 37.i
1. 3
. 5
. 1
. 0
. 0
. 0
E PA4 20-R-08-015
C-9
September 2008
-------
Table C-10
Percent of 1975 To 2008 Car Sales by Adjusted City MPG Band
Model From:
Year To:
5
10
10
15
15
20
20
25
25
30
30
35
35
40
40
45
45
50
50
55
55
60
60
65
65
70
70
75
75
80
80
85
85
90
90
95
95
100
1975
19.1
52
1
20
8
7
8
2
1976
3.1
61
1
22
2
11
1
2
5
1977
4 . 5
60
1
20
0
8
2
5
4
1
2
5
1978
. 7
45
1
34
2
11
1
7
0
1
5
3
1979
. 2
43
9
35
9
15
7
3
6
4
4
1980
. 0
17
1
43
8
28
8
8
1
1
1
1
1
1981
o
o
9
8
44
3
29
2
12
1
3
5
1
0
1982
. 0
9
3
36
2
36
7
12
7
3
5
1
3
3
1983
. 0
13
7
37
0
24
3
18
2
5
8
9
1
1984
. 0
8
5
38
3
31
7
15
2
5
1
9
2
1985
. 0
4
47
3
32
0
13
8
5
1
8
1
1986
. 0
4
43
2
35
8
15
1
3
3
1
3
5
1987
. 0
7
40
1
35
9
20
1
1
7
9
3
1988
. 0
6
39
6
37
8
17
6
2
2
1
8
2
1989
. 0
5
45
5
35
6
15
6
1
3
1
1
1
1990
. 0
6
47
1
37
9
11
3
2
4
2
2
1991
. 0
5
48
4
37
6
10
4
2
2
2
6
1992
. 0
3
0
53
6
32
0
8
0
2
3
4
6
1993
. 0
2
2
47
5
37
4
10
3
1
7
2
6
1994
. 0
4
52
4
37
0
7
9
1
6
2
5
1995
. 0
3
54
9
32
6
10
0
1
5
3
3
1996
. 0
2
55
9
31
7
10
5
1
2
1
3
1997
. 0
3
51
8
37
5
8
9
1
3
2
1998
. 0
3
51
8
35
7
11
6
3
3
1999
. 0
3
60
3
30
8
8
3
1
2
2000
. 0
5
60
1
33
5
5
2
3
2
2001
. 0
7
61
9
27
6
9
0
3
2
2
2002
. 0
6
59
5
31
9
7
6
0
2
3
2003
. 0
1
7
55
5
33
2
8
7
1
4
5
2004
. 0
2
9
55
7
32
1
8
2
2
3
2005
. 0
3
0
51
7
33
5
9
9
1
3
2006
. 0
2
9
54
9
30
1
10
4
2
4
2007
. 0
3
5
44
7
37
1
11
4
9
1
4
2008
0 4.2 45.1 35.0 11.7 1.4
. 1
4
0
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
. 4
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
C-10
September 2008
-------
Table C-ll
Model From
Year To
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Percent of 1975 To 2008 Car Sales by Adjusted Highway MPG Band
5
10
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
3
57 .
2
21.
2
12 . 8
6.0
2 . 6
1
38 .
9
38 .
8
9. 9
8 . 4
4 . 0
0
21.
4
55.
5
8 . 5
7 . 2
5.5
1.
4
5
0
8 .
0
59.
2
15. 8
9.5
5.3
1.
8
3
0
5.
5
61.
2
17 . 9
10.4
4 .1
6
1
0
7
30.
0
34 .1
23. 9
9.3
8
1.
1
0
0
14 .
9
39.4
27 . 3
13. 6
3.
1
1.
0
7
0
0
9.
2
35.3
32 . 2
16.0
5.
6
8
8
0
0
7 .
8
38 . 8
28 . 8
15. 8
6 .
8
1.
6
3
0
0
3.
7
37 . 4
24 . 7
27 . 7
4 .
4
1.
7
2
2
0
0
8
40.8
25.7
23. 6
6 .
7
1.
7
2
5
0
0
7
25.3
47 . 6
19.4
4 .
6
1.
7
2
0
. 3
0
0
7
21. 7
39.4
31. 5
5.
2
1.
1
3
. 2
0
7
17 . 4
50. 8
23. 9
5.
8
1.
0
2
1
. 1
0
6
16.4
59.5
18 5
3.
9
7
1
3
0
4
17 . 0
63. 9
14 2
3.
6
7
2
1
. 1
0
5
19.8
53. 8
20. 9
3.
7
6
6
1
. 0
0
3
19.1
57 . 9
16.4
5.
0
5
5
1
. 1
0
3
19.0
53. 9
20.7
4 .
9
6
5
0
. 1
0
2
19. 9
54 . 0
20.5
4 .
6
2
5
0
. 1
0
2
16.8
57 . 4
17 . 5
7 .
4
3
3
0
0
1
14 .1
63. 4
17 . 4
4 .
4
3
3
0
1
i—1
CJi
CO
57 . 7
21. 8
4 .
3
2
2
0
1
12 . 6
61. 4
22 . 3
3.
1
1
3
0
1
13.2
67 . 2
18 0
1.
3
1
1
0
2
12 . 7
70.6
14 4
1.
7
1
2
0
3
17 . 7
61. 0
15.7
4 .
8
5
0
0
2
17 . 8
63. 0
14 5
3.
8
6
0
0
0
6
19.5
60. 8
17 . 0
1.
1
8
1
0
0
4
21 . 3
53.5
22 . 3
1.
4
4
7
. 0
0
4
19.1
48.8
29.1
7
3
1 6
. 0
0
9
21. 4
49.3
22 . 8
4 .
0
1 5
. 0
0
9
17 . 2
39.0
35.2
5.
3
2 4
0
9
17 . 8
40.1
34 . 2
4 .
2
4
2 4
60
65
65
70
70
75
75
80
80
85
85
90
90
95
95
100
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
C-ll
September 2008
-------
Table C-12
Model From
Year To
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Percent of 1975 To 2008 Car Sales by Adjusted 55/45 MPG Band
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
0
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
. 6
57 . 3
23. 9
9.0
3.1
. 2
57 . 6
24 . 4
13.2
3.8
7
. 2
44.0
36.7
10.2
6 . 6
1.
5
8
. 3
26.8
48.4
13.7
6. 9
3.
6
3
. 0
24 . 2
48.5
17 . 9
8 . 0
1.
0
4
. 0
5.7
44.7
33. 0
12 . 7
2 .
7
1.
0
2
. 0
2 . 6
38 .1
33. 6
18 . 4
5.
1
1.
5
8
. 0
. 3
31.1
31. 7
27 . 9
7 .
0
1.
2
8
. 0
. 3
33. 6
29.5
24 . 8
9.
5
1.
9
4
0
. 0
. 1
26. 9
33.1
30. 8
5.
6
3.
0
4
2
. 0
. 1
27 . 5
28 . 9
33. 8
7 .
3
1.
5
4
5
. 0
. 3
16.3
36.5
36. 8
7 .
3
1.
9
3
3
. 1
. 0
. 3
15.3
40.3
33. 4
8 .
7
1.
6
0
3
. 2
. 0
. 3
13. 8
40.6
34 . 2
8 .
2
2 .
5
0
2
. 2
. 0
. 3
13. 8
46.6
30. 8
6 .
2
1.
9
0
3
. 1
. 0
. 2
13. 4
51.1
28 . 9
5.
3
7
1
3
. 1
. 0
. 2
14 . 5
50. 4
27 . 3
5.
9
9
7
1
. 0
. 0
. 2
11. 8
57 . 5
22 . 8
5.
1
1.
6
8
1
. 1
. 0
. 1
13.1
53. 4
25.5
5.
5
1.
6
7
0
. 1
. 1
16.1
52 .1
24 . 6
4 .
9
1.
5
6
0
. 1
. 0
. 1
13.5
52 . 6
25. 8
7 .
1
5
4
0
. 1
10.4
62 . 2
21. 5
5.
1
4
3
. 1
10. 9
59.7
25.2
3.
7
2
2
. 1
9. 9
59.4
26.8
3.
4
1
3
. 1
9. 9
65. 6
22 . 6
1.
6
1
1
. 0
. 0
9.2
69.8
19.0
1.
6
2
2
. 0
. 0
11. 8
60.7
19. 9
7 .
0
1
3
0
. 1
10.1
65. 8
17 . 5
5.
9
2
4
0
. 0
. 1
10.7
60.1
24 .1
4 .
1
0
8
0
. 0
. 1
13.1
56.3
27 . 2
2 .
2
2
3
6
. 0
. 2
13.5
47 . 7
30.3
6 .
4
1
3
1.
5
. 0
. 4
13. 8
51. 9
23.5
8 .
9
0
4
1.
1
. 0
. 5
9. 9
44.3
31. 8
11.
1
4
2 .
0
. 3
9.8
45.1
30. 9
11.
1
4
4
2 .
0
55
60
60
65
65
70
70
75
75
80
80
85
85
90
90
95
95
100
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
C-12
September 2008
-------
Table C-13
Percent of 1975 To 2008 Truck Sales by Laboratory City MPG Band
Model From:
Year To:
5
10
10
15
15
20
20
25
25
30
30
35
35
40
40
45
45
50
50
55
55
60
60
65
65
70
70
75
75
80
80
85
85
90
90
95
95
100
1975
11
3
6 6
2
20
1
2
5
1976
3
3
72
2
19
2
5
3
1977
2
0
63
2
24
3
9
2
1
3
1978
1
3
64
1
24
5
8
3
1
8
1979
7
2
59
2
22
8
8
7
2
2
1980
1
30
5
43
4
21
5
3
9
. 6
1981
0
14
0
56
9
15
8
9
1
2
8
1. 3
1982
14
6
49
7
23
5
8
4
3
0
. 5
1983
13
5
45
9
27
8
10
7
1
7
. 4
1984
0
16
6
49
6
24
1
8
5
8
. 4
1985
26
0
37
9
28
1
7
6
2
. 2
1986
8
2
52
2
29
1
9
3
1
1
. 1
1987
12
1
47
4
31
5
7
4
1
6
. 1
1988
13
0
58
1
19
7
7
4
1
8
1989
14
4
54
8
23
4
6
9
4
1990
15
5
58
9
17
5
8
0
2
1991
10
4
59
4
21
5
8
5
1
1992
11
3
63
8
20
8
4
0
1
1993
9
6
6 6
9
18
0
5
5
0
1994
13
2
59
5
23
0
4
2
1
1995
14
6
67
1
14
3
4
1
0
1996
12
9
6 6
9
16
5
3
6
1997
15
5
65
7
13
8
4
9
1998
17
2
62
2
16
1
4
5
1999
19
1
63
3
15
6
2
0
2000
10
4
68
7
19
9
1
0
2001
11
7
67
7
18
9
1
7
2002
6
6
70
7
20
5
2
1
2003
9
4
63
6
24
6
2
4
2004
8
9
67
0
22
7
1
4
2005
0
4
7
63
0
30
8
1
4
. 1
2006
3
3
62
2
30
3
2
8
8
. 6
2007
2
3
65
8
25
9
5
2
4
. 3
2008
2
8
59
0
29
6
7
6
3
. 6
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
C-13
September 2008
-------
Table C-14
90 95
95 100
1975
. 0 38
6
39
2
12
0
7
6
2
5
1976
32
9
42
6
15
9
3
9
4
7
1977
18
5
45
8
21
9
4
9
7
7
1
3
1978
31
4
37
3
18
9
5
3
6
2
9
1979
. 6 33
0
36
4
17
4
7
4
3
2
1
9
1980
3
2
31
7
33
6
14
4
12
7
3
8
5
1981
5
14
5
48
1
16
2
11
6
5
8
1
9
7
1982
2
2
13
9
37
7
18
9
18
4
6
7
1
5
6
1983
8
13
0
34
0
21
0
21
2
7
7
1
4
9
1984
9
12
5
33
2
26
8
16
0
9
8
6
3
1985
2
20
5
20
6
29
8
23
7
3
7
1
3
1
1986
1
12
3
23
6
35
8
21
1
7
0
1
1
1987
1
9
0
21
0
38
4
24
6
6
8
0
0
1988
1
7
5
30
7
33
0
20
4
8
3
1989
3
5
4
32
8
39
6
17
8
4
2
1990
5
4
6
36
0
38
3
16
1
4
4
1991
1
2
7
28
4
49
1
17
1
2
7
1992
1
1
8
36
8
39
5
16
6
5
2
1993
1
8
30
2
47
4
18
5
3
1
1994
2
3
35
7
41
6
18
4
1
9
1995
2
4
42
6
28
7
21
1
5
2
1996
2
2
36
4
33
0
25
4
3
0
1997
6
38
7
38
6
17
1
5
0
1998
0
31
6
38
8
27
1
2
6
0
1999
2
38
6
38
8
20
7
1
7
2000
1
35
7
40
7
22
7
9
0
2001
1
42
0
33
0
23
5
1
4
2002
8
44
2
33
7
19
2
2
1
2003
0
35
8
36
0
25
9
2
3
2004
1
39
8
35
3
22
9
2
0
2005
1
30
2
35
6
30
3
3
8
2006
0
26
8
37
9
28
4
6
9
2007
1
16
3
45
5
30
0
7
9
3
2008
1
15
5
39
8
34
4
10
1
2
0
Percent of 1975 To 2008 Truck Sales by Laboratory Highway MPG Band
Model From: 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85
Year To: 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
C-14
September 2008
-------
Table C-15
Percent of 1975 To 2008 Truck Sales by Laboratory 55/45 MPG Band
Model From:
Year To:
5
10
10
15
15
20
20
25
25
30
30
35
35
40
40
45
45
50
50
55
55
60
60
65
65
70
70
75
75
80
80
85
85
90
90
95
95
100
1975
2.5 68
1
18
4
11
0
1976
. 0 63
2
24
9
9
9
1
9
1977
.2 52
8
31
9
7
1
6
7
1
3
1978
.1 58
7
27
5
5
7
7
1
9
1979
i—1
CJi
CJi
0
30
1
9
4
3
0
1
1
1980
. 0 17
9
46
5
21
6
11
8
1
5
. 6
1981
7
4
47
6
23
3
14
7
3
7
1
9
1. 3
1982
8
2
41
4
26
7
14
8
6
2
2
0
. 6
1983
6
8
35
5
28
5
21
2
5
9
1
8
. 2
1984
7
5
34
4
37
1
14
4
5
7
8
. 1
1985
7
0
31
6
39
3
17
5
4
3
3
. 0
1986
2
7
32
5
37
0
22
6
5
1
1
. 0
1987
2
6
26
1
44
5
21
7
5
0
0
. 0
1988
2
1
36
9
38
3
15
9
6
8
1989
2
9
34
9
43
2
16
3
2
6
1990
3
3
35
8
44
1
13
3
3
5
1991
1
1
29
6
54
0
12
6
2
7
1992
1
3
39
7
45
4
12
4
1
2
1993
1
37
4
48
3
13
7
5
1994
1
38
3
48
5
12
5
7
1995
2
46
3
39
0
14
2
2
1996
1
0
36
6
49
9
12
1
4
1997
0
40
7
47
8
11
4
0
1998
0
33
3
53
7
12
6
4
1999
0
40
9
49
4
9
2
5
2000
0
36
9
52
4
10
4
3
2001
1
41
1
48
1
10
2
6
2002
0
46
7
42
4
9
3
1
5
2003
0
42
3
42
1
14
7
9
. 0
2004
0
41
8
43
4
14
1
7
2005
1
36
4
43
4
19
3
7
1
2006
0
30
6
47
9
19
2
1
6
6
2007
24
7
56
5
16
4
2
0
3
. 1
2008
21
3
56
5
18
3
3
1
6
. 2
. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
C-15
September 2008
-------
Table C-16
Percent of 1975 To 2008 Truck Sales by Adjusted City MPG Band
Model From:
Year To:
5
10
10
15
15
20
20
25
25
30
30
35
35
40
40
45
45
50
50
55
55
60
60
65
65
70
70
75
75
80
80
85
85
90
90
95
95
100
1975
35
5
53
1
11
5
1976
20
6
60
8
17
1
1
6
1977
6
5
69
8
18
1
4
7
9
1978
7
7
70
9
13
1
7
4
9
1979
17
7
61
6
16
3
4
4
1980
6
48
0
37
5
13
3
. 5
1981
0
44
4
35
6
15
6
2
3
2 .1
1982
1
32
1
43
5
19
9
3
7
. 2
1983
0
35
5
39
8
21
7
2
0
. 9
1984
8
36
5
41
7
19
7
9
. 5
1985
0
34
8
42
5
19
9
2
6
. 2
1986
2
31
0
40
6
25
5
2
4
. 1
1987
1
25
0
49
8
22
3
2
7
. 1
1988
1
33
5
45
0
19
6
1
8
1989
1
34
4
50
1
14
8
6
1990
5
35
6
50
1
13
6
3
1991
1
33
6
52
9
13
3
1
1992
1
43
2
47
1
9
6
1
1993
0
41
7
49
6
8
7
0
1994
45
4
43
8
10
8
1
1995
49
2
41
5
9
2
0
1996
46
4
44
3
9
3
1997
52
1
39
5
8
4
1998
46
7
46
2
7
1
1999
57
3
36
9
5
8
2000
57
9
38
8
3
3
2001
60
3
36
0
3
7
2002
63
3
34
0
2
7
2003
0
57
6
39
9
2
5
. 0
2004
0
65
7
32
9
1
4
2005
1
55
2
43
3
1
3
1
. 1
2006
0
53
4
43
0
2
1
1
3
. 1
2007
51
3
43
7
4
3
6
. 1
2008
45
1
46
8
7
2
9
. 2
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
C-16
September 2008
-------
Table C-17
Percent of 1975 To 2008 Truck Sales by Adjusted Highway MPG Band
Model From: 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95
Year To: 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100
. 9
1975
20.
. 1
54 .
. 9
14 .
. 8
10.
. 1
1976
6 ,
. 2
6 6 .
. 0
19.
. 3
6 ,
. 6
1.
. 9
1977
2 .
. 5
58 .
. 7
25.
. 0
8 .
. 1
4 .
. 8
1978
. 9
65.
, 6
21.
. 5
8 .
. 2
3.
. 7
1979
10.
. 8
56.
. 2
21.
. 3
8 .
. 2
3.
. 5
1980
. 1
28
9
41
1
23
3
5
8
. 5
1981
12
0
51
6
21
0
11
1
3
0
1. 3
1982
12
8
42
8
24
1
16
6
3
1
. 6
1983
10
0
38
0
28
4
19
7
3
1
. 9
1984
. 0
12
0
39
1
32
6
14
5
1
5
. 3
1985
. 0
11
4
31
0
41
3
14
4
1
8
. 1
1986
5
6
33
0
40
6
18
4
2
2
. 1
1987
8
0
23
7
47
5
19
0
1
7
. 0
1988
7
3
34
6
43
5
14
6
1989
4
9
38
9
43
0
13
2
1990
3.
. 3
42 .
. 0
45.
. 0
9.
. 6
1991
2 .
. 3
38 .
. 9
46.
. 9
11.
. 8
1992
1.
. 8
42 .
. 8
46.
. 2
9.
. 2
1993
. 9
46.
. 3
43.
. 9
8 .
. 9
1994
. 8
50.
. 7
38 .
. 8
9.
. 7
1995
2 .
. 3
52 .
. 8
38 .
. 7
6 .
. 2
1996
2 .
. 1
47 .
. 0
41.
. 7
9.
. 2
1997
. 6
56.
. 2
37 .
. 3
6 ,
. 0
1998
. 0
53.
. 2
39.
. 3
7 .
. 5
1999
. 2
63.
. 1
32 .
. 2
4 .
. 5
2000
. 1
63.
. 4
33.
. 7
2 .
. 7
2001
2 .
. 0
61.
. 9
31.
. 3
4 .
. 9
2002
1.
. 3
67 .
, 6
24 .
. 9
6 .
. 2
2003
2 .
. 2
60.
. 2
33.
. 7
3.
. 9
2004
. 3
60.
. 5
36.
. 2
3.
. 0
2005
. 2
48 .
. 7
47 .
. 3
3.
. 8
2006
. 2
49.
. 7
43.
. 2
6 ,
. 9
2007
. 1
49.
. 1
42 .
. 7
8 .
. 1
2008
. 1
40.
. 2
48 .
. 9
10.
. 7
. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
C-17
September 2008
-------
Table C-18
Percent of 1975 To 2008 Truck Sales by Adjusted 55/45 MPG Band
Model From:
Year To:
5
10
10
15
15
20
20
25
25
30
30
35
35
40
40
45
45
50
50
55
55
60
60
65
65
70
70
75
75
80
80
85
85
90
1975
27 . 6
52
1
17
9
2
5
1976
12 . 3
6 6
0
16
6
5
1
1977
00
CO
6 6
0
19
8
9
1
1
3
1978
3.1
68
6
18
9
8
5
9
1979
14 . 4
59
1
18
6
6
7
1
2
1980
. 2
40
7
37
9
19
1
1
5
1981
. 0
22
8
50
7
16
1
7
1
1982
21
8
45
3
23
7
7
9
1983
20
8
41
4
27
1
9
7
1984
. 1
23
9
42
8
25
4
7
0
1985
. 0
27
2
40
2
27
7
4
7
1986
19
4
42
0
33
2
5
3
1987
16
9
44
2
32
9
6
0
1988
. 0
17
4
53
6
22
2
6
8
1989
18
3
54
9
24
2
2
6
1990
. 3
21
4
56
2
18
5
3
5
1991
15
7
61
8
20
5
2
1
1992
18
2
61
7
20
0
1
1993
13
1
69
1
17
8
0
1994
21
7
62
3
15
8
1
1995
23
5
60
8
15
6
0
1996
21
0
61
9
17
0
1
1997
18
3
69
8
11
9
0
1998
21
8
63
4
14
8
0
1999
22
4
65
1
12
4
2 . f
. 7
. 9
. 7
. 3
. 1
. 0
2000
15.
. 7
73.
. 4
10.
. 9
2001
21.
. 1
67 .
. 3
11 .
, 6
. 1
2002
18 .
. 3
69.
, 6
11 .
. 7
. 3
2003
22 .
. 4
59.
. 7
17 .
. 9
. 0
2004
23.
. 5
61.
. 2
15.
. 3
2005
. 0
18 .
. 7
62 .
. 0
19.
. 1
. 1
2006
. 0
12 .
. 3
6 6 .
. 8
19.
. 4
1.
. 4
2007
7 .
. 6
72 .
. 4
18 .
. 9
1.
. 1
2008
7 .
. 5
6 6 .
. 5
24 .
. 3
1.
. 6
. 2
90 95
95 100
E PA4 20-R-08-015
C-18
September 2008
-------
Table C-19
Percent of 1975 To 2008 Light Duty Sales by Laboratory City MPG Band
Model From:
Year To:
5
10
10
15
15
20
20
25
25
30
30
35
35
40
40
45
45
50
50
55
55
60
60
65
65
70
70
75
75
80
80
85
85
90
90
95
95
100
1975
7 . 9
56
1
25
2
8
7
2
0
1976
1. 4
52
5
32
0
9
7
3
9
5
1977
. 7
43
7
38
2
9
4
6
2
8
1
1
1978
. 5
34
6
43
5
12
5
5
1
2
6
1
1
1979
1. 6
27
6
46
9
13
6
8
5
1
5
2
1980
. 0
9
6
41
9
31
5
11
6
3
7
7
1981
o
o
4
5
40
4
27
1
19
8
5
3
2
1
1982
. 0
3
8
32
0
31
2
22
5
7
8
1
7
1983
. 0
3
2
37
4
26
9
19
6
10
4
1
9
1984
. 0
4
0
31
9
31
2
24
0
6
0
2
0
1985
. 0
6
7
31
7
26
0
27
4
6
2
1
1
1986
. 0
2
4
28
2
35
6
24
2
6
8
1
4
1987
. 0
3
5
24
8
34
5
26
9
8
5
7
1988
. 0
4
0
28
3
30
0
26
5
8
7
1
0
1989
. 0
4
6
26
3
37
1
24
2
5
9
8
1990
. 0
4
8
27
1
39
9
20
9
6
2
7
1991
. 0
3
4
30
2
36
8
21
3
6
4
1
2
1992
. 0
3
9
34
0
39
6
15
4
4
8
1
6
1993
. 0
3
5
32
5
36
8
20
5
5
0
1
1
1994
5
4
33
3
37
3
18
3
4
2
9
1995
. 0
5
6
34
6
34
8
17
5
6
2
8
1996
. 0
5
2
34
4
37
5
15
5
6
2
8
1997
6
6
35
3
34
2
16
5
6
4
8
1998
7
7
33
4
34
2
17
9
6
0
6
1999
8
6
34
3
37
4
14
1
5
2
3
2000
. 0
4
7
36
6
39
3
14
5
4
5
2
2001
. 0
5
4
37
2
37
0
14
6
4
5
1
1
2002
3
3
39
0
36
3
16
1
4
2
9
2003
. 0
4
7
36
0
36
5
16
9
4
7
8
2004
4
7
40
2
34
5
14
7
4
8
6
2005
. 0
2
4
36
7
36
1
17
1
6
0
7
2006
. 0
1
7
34
7
39
0
15
8
7
1
9
2007
1
3
35
8
32
1
19
0
8
4
1
5
2008
. 0
1
5
32
7
34
4
18
6
9
5
1
1
. 1
. 1
. 2
. 2
. 1
. 1
. 3
. 3
. 0
0
1
. 0
0
1
. 0
0
1
. 0
0
. 0
3
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
C-19
September 2008
-------
Table C-20
Percent of 1975 To 2008 Light Duty Sales by Laboratory Highway MPG Band
Model From:
Year To:
5
10
10
15
15
20
20
25
25
30
30
35
35
40
40
45
45
50
50
55
55
60
60
65
65
70
70
75
75
80
80
85
85
90
90
95
95
100
1975
o
i—1
CO
50
4
14
6
9
9
6
6
2
0
1
6
1976
7 . 5
41
3
30
9
5
9
9
5
3
0
2
0
1977
3.8
34
7
37
8
8
4
6
4
4
5
2
9
1
0
5
1978
7 . 2
19
3
39
1
15
9
9
4
4
4
3
2
1
4
3
1979
.1 7.4
17
7
39
6
15
3
10
3
6
6
2
4
5
1
1980
. 5
5
9
20
6
30
5
24
8
10
7
5
2
6
9
2
1981
.0 .1
2
5
17
4
30
3
23
0
14
1
8
5
2
4
5
1 1
1982
. 5
2
8
12
8
24
3
21
4
24
5
8
0
3
9
1
2
8
1983
. 2
2
9
11
5
32
9
19
2
16
3
10
5
4
5
1
6
3
1
1984
. 2
3
0
9
1
29
2
23
3
20
3
9
9
2
6
1
5
7
1
. 1
1985
. 1
5
2
5
8
23
1
30
0
17
7
11
6
4
3
1
3
6
0
. 3
1986
. 0
3
5
7
2
19
4
26
2
29
3
9
4
2
4
2
0
2
2
1
1987
. 0
2
6
6
3
18
2
29
8
27
8
10
2
3
8
8
1
2
1
1988
. 0
2
2
9
6
15
3
24
0
32
5
11
0
3
2
1
9
1
. 0
1
1989
. 1
1
7
10
5
15
1
26
3
32
3
9
3
3
3
1
3
0
0
. 2
1
1990
. 2
1
4
11
1
16
7
26
3
33
2
7
3
3
0
5
1
2
. 0
0
1991
. 0
9
9
4
17
9
29
0
26
9
10
9
3
8
6
1
4
. 1
0
1992
. 0
6
12
5
14
8
29
9
29
0
7
2
4
1
1
1
2
3
. 0
1
1993
. 0
3
11
0
18
6
25
3
28
1
10
8
4
2
1
1
2
3
. 0
1
1994
9
14
5
17
8
25
0
26
3
8
5
5
5
9
1
3
1
1995
. 0
9
16
2
11
4
21
4
33
8
9
6
5
2
1
0
2
2
0
1996
9
14
6
13
4
28
1
29
1
7
6
4
8
1
3
1
2
1997
2
16
4
16
7
22
4
28
1
11
4
3
8
7
1
1
1998
0
14
2
17
9
21
2
30
6
9
8
5
8
3
1
2
1999
1
17
4
17
9
19
1
33
4
8
2
3
5
3
0
1
2000
1
16
1
18
9
20
3
32
7
9
1
2
4
3
1
1
2001
1
19
4
16
1
25
3
24
0
9
4
3
8
1
7
2
1
0
2002
4
21
4
17
1
20
5
24
7
10
7
3
7
1
1
3
1
0
2003
0
17
8
18
8
23
7
21
0
13
6
4
3
4
2
3
0
2004
0
20
8
19
7
21
7
20
7
12
2
4
2
2
1
5
0
2005
1
15
0
18
4
24
1
19
8
16
5
4
7
3
1
9
0
2006
0
12
8
18
9
24
1
23
7
14
1
3
4
2
1
0
6
. 2
0
2007
0
7
9
22
4
23
3
20
9
15
8
6
4
1
9
1
0
. 2
2008
0
7
6
20
2
25
1
21
0
15
5
7
3
1
8
2
1
1
. 2
. 0
. 0
. 0
. 0
. 0
. 0
. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
C-20
September 2008
-------
Table C-21
Percent of 1975 To 2008 Light Duty Sales by Laboratory 55/45 MPG Band
Model From:
Year To:
5
10
10
15
15
20
20
25
25
30
30
35
35
40
40
45
45
50
50
55
55
60
60
65
65
70
70
75
75
80
80
85
85
90
90
95
95
100
1975
5 51
26.9 13.7 5.1 2.0
1976
. 0
33
4
43
0
11
8
8
8
2
5
5
1977
. 0
23
2
51
8
10
1
8
2
4
8
8
1
1
1978
. 0
17
6
45
1
19
8
9
9
4
5
2
6
4
1979
. 3
14
9
43
8
23
2
11
5
5
1
8
2
1
1980
. 0
3
0
24
1
36
3
23
2
10
1
1
7
1
5
2
1981
. 0
1
3
16
8
35
4
24
7
14
6
4
7
1
6
8
1982
. 0
1
6
18
7
27
2
26
5
18
0
5
7
1
5
6
. 2
1983
. 0
1
6
17
0
33
3
19
3
18
5
8
1
1
7
5
. 1
1984
. 0
1
8
14
2
34
2
22
3
19
1
5
6
2
1
5
. 2
. 1
1985
. 0
1
8
8
6
41
7
15
8
24
3
5
9
9
6
. 0
. 3
1986
. 0
8
9
7
30
3
31
5
18
9
6
1
1
3
1
1
. 2
. 0
1
2
1987
. 0
8
7
7
30
0
28
7
24
7
6
4
7
7
. 2
. 0
1
1
1988
. 0
7
11
4
24
4
29
9
25
1
5
6
1
4
1
1
. 1
. 0
1
1
1989
. 0
9
11
0
27
0
33
2
21
1
5
0
8
8
. 2
1
1990
1
0
11
2
24
9
39
7
17
5
4
5
7
1
. 0
. 2
0
1991
4
9
8
30
5
34
8
17
3
5
2
1
4
1
. 1
. 4
0
1992
4
13
5
32
6
32
5
14
5
4
6
1
1
2
. 4
. 1
1
1993
1
13
6
27
8
36
3
15
7
4
8
1
1
1
. 1
. 3
1
1994
0
15
6
31
9
32
7
14
2
4
0
8
2
. 1
. 3
1
1995
1
17
7
25
2
35
0
14
4
6
2
9
3
. 3
. 0
1996
4
14
7
29
2
34
7
13
9
5
9
8
2
. 2
1997
0
17
3
29
5
31
5
14
6
6
1
7
1
. 1
1998
0
15
0
30
8
34
3
12
9
6
6
2
1
. 2
1999
0
18
4
29
3
35
7
10
6
5
7
1
0
. 1
2000
0
16
7
30
8
36
1
11
5
4
5
2
0
. 1
2001
0
19
0
28
8
33
4
12
8
4
7
9
0
. 1
. 1
0
2002
0
22
7
26
5
31
8
14
1
4
0
6
0
. 1
. 1
0
2003
0
21
1
27
3
31
1
14
3
5
0
8
0
. 1
. 3
0
2004
0
21
8
29
4
29
3
13
3
5
1
5
1
. 1
3
2005
1
18
1
28
8
29
9
15
0
6
4
6
1
. 2
8
2006
0
14
8
30
0
30
8
15
7
7
1
7
0
. 2
6
2007
0
12
2
32
5
27
7
15
7
8
7
1
5
5
. 2
1
0
2008
0
10
5
33
0
28
4
15
6
9
6
9
8
. 2
1
1
. 0
. 0
. 0
. 0
. 0
. 0
. 0
E PA4 20-R-08-015
C-21
September 2008
-------
Table C-22
Percent of 1975 To 2008 Light Duty Sales by Adjusted City MPG Band
Model From:
Year To:
5
10
10
15
15
20
20
25
25
30
30
35
35
40
40
45
45
50
50
55
55
60
60
65
65
70
70
75
75
80
80
85
85
90
90
95
95
100
1975
22 . 3
52
3
19
0
6
3
2
1976
6.8
61
1
21
1
9
0
2
0
1977
4 . 9
62
0
19
6
7
5
4
5
1
0
4
1978
2 . 3
50
9
29
4
10
3
5
6
1
2
3
1979
4 .1
47
8
31
6
13
2
2
8
3
3
1980
. 1
22
2
42
7
26
2
6
8
1
0
1
0
1981
.0 .0
15
8
42
8
26
9
10
4
3
3
8
1982
. 1
13
7
37
6
33
4
10
9
2
8
1
2
. 2
1983
. 0
18
5
37
6
23
7
14
6
4
7
7
. 1
1984
. 2
15
2
39
1
28
8
11
8
4
0
7
. 1
1
1985
. 0
9
2
46
1
28
9
11
0
3
9
6
. 0
3
1986
. 1
9
1
42
5
32
9
11
5
2
4
9
. 4
0
2
1987
. 0
7
4
42
8
32
1
15
3
1
3
7
. 2
1
1988
. 0
10
4
41
2
32
4
12
9
1
5
1
3
. 2
1
1
1989
. 0
10
9
46
9
29
2
11
0
9
8
. 1
2
1990
. 1
11
1
48
0
30
6
8
0
1
7
1
. 2
0
0
1991
. 0
11
2
49
8
29
8
7
1
1
5
1
. 4
1
0
1992
. 0
16
4
51
4
24
5
5
3
1
5
2
. 4
1
1993
. 0
16
4
48
2
27
1
6
6
1
1
2
. 4
1
1994
. 0
18
6
48
9
26
4
4
7
9
1
. 3
1
1995
. 0
18
9
49
8
23
8
6
2
1
0
2
. 2
1996
. 0
18
7
51
2
22
7
6
3
7
1
. 2
1997
. 0
22
2
46
6
25
2
5
1
7
1
1998
. 0
21
1
49
3
22
9
6
4
2
2
1999
. 0
25
9
49
8
19
5
4
6
0
1
2000
. 0
26
3
50
5
20
0
2
9
2
1
0
2001
. 0
28
2
50
0
16
6
4
9
2
1
. 1
0
0
2002
. 0
31
0
47
1
17
7
3
9
0
1
. 1
0
0
2003
. 0
29
4
47
7
18
0
4
4
0
2
. 2
0
2004
. 0
35
6
43
8
16
1
4
0
1
1
3
2005
. 1
28
8
47
5
17
5
5
0
1
2
8
2006
. 0
26
7
49
3
16
9
6
1
2
. 2
6
2007
. 0
26
2
44
2
21
6
6
3
5
0
. 2
1
0
2008
. 0
23
8
45
9
21
7
6
5
8
1
. 2
1
1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
C-22
September 2008
-------
Table C-23
Percent of 1975 To 2008 Light Duty Sales by Adjusted Highway MPG Band
Model From:
Year To:
5
10
10
15
15
20
20
25
25
30
30
35
35
40
40
45
45
50
50
55
55
60
60
65
65
70
70
75
75
80
80
85
85
90
90
95
95
100
1975
4 .1
56
7
19
9
12
3
4
8
2
1
1976
1. 3
44
6
34
7
9
2
7
0
3
1
1977
. 5
28
8
49
4
8
4
6
7
4
6
1
1
4
1978
. 2
21
0
50
7
14
1
8
2
4
1
1
4
3
1979
2 . 4
16
8
52
3
15
8
8
9
3
2
5
1
1980
. 0
5
3
31
9
32
4
21
0
7
8
7
1
0
1981
. 0
2
1
21
2
36
2
24
5
11
7
2
8
8
. 6
1982
. 0
2
6
15
8
33
1
29
1
13
5
4
6
7
. 6
1983
. 0
2
3
14
6
36
5
26
8
13
0
5
5
1
2
. 2
1984
. 0
2
9
12
1
36
2
22
2
21
4
3
5
1
3
. 2
. 1
1985
. 0
2
9
8
5
40
9
22
8
18
1
5
1
1
2
. 1
. 3
1986
. 0
1
6
9
9
29
7
39
3
14
5
3
3
1
2
. 2
. 0
2
1987
. 0
2
2
7
1
28
8
33
7
23
2
3
7
8
. 2
1
1988
2
2
10
8
25
2
40
0
16
8
4
1
7
. 1
. 1
1
1989
1
5
12
3
24
6
45
3
12
8
2
7
5
. 0
. 2
1990
1
0
13
0
25
4
47
5
9
9
2
5
5
. 2
. 0
0
1991
8
12
9
28
5
40
3
14
2
2
5
4
. 4
. 1
0
1992
6
14
5
28
1
41
6
10
9
3
3
4
. 3
. 1
1
1993
3
16
8
28
0
37
7
13
3
3
2
4
. 3
. 0
1
1994
3
20
6
27
5
36
1
12
2
2
7
1
. 3
. 0
1
1995
9
20
2
25
1
38
0
10
9
4
6
2
. 2
. 0
1996
8
18
9
25
1
41
7
10
5
2
7
2
. 2
1997
2
23
8
24
9
35
8
12
5
2
5
1
. 1
1998
0
23
9
24
6
37
3
12
3
1
7
1
. 2
1999
1
28
4
21
7
39
0
9
9
7
1
. 1
2000
1
28
6
22
1
40
1
7
9
9
1
. 1
2001
9
28
7
24
0
35
1
8
4
2
6
3
. 0
2002
6
32
9
21
2
35
5
7
5
2
0
3
. 0
. 0
2003
1
1
30
2
26
5
32
6
8
6
6
4
. 1
. 0
2004
2
31
6
29
1
27
2
10
7
7
2
. 3
0
2005
1
24
3
33
1
26
5
14
7
4
2
. 8
0
2006
1
23
9
31
7
29
3
12
1
2
1
. 8
0
2007
0
23
8
29
3
24
3
18
5
2
8
1. 3
2008
1 19 A
32 .
26.0 11 A
2 . 2
. 2 1
. 0
. 0
. 0
. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
C-23
September 2008
-------
Table C-24
Percent of 1975 To 2008 Light Duty Sales by Adjusted Composite MPG Band
Model
From:
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
Year
To:
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
1975
10
. 7
56
. 3
22 . 7
7 . 8
2 . 5
1976
2
. 8
59
. 4
22 . 8
11 . 5
3.0
5
1977
. 9
48
. 4
33.3
10.0
5.5
1 2
. 7
1978
. 9
36
. 2
41 . 7
12 . 5
5.6
2 8
. 3
1979
3
. 2
31
. 9
41. 8
15.5
6.5
8
. 3
1980
. 0
11
. 4
43.6
30.7
10.8
2 3
1
. 0
. 2
1981
0
. 0
6
. 1
40.2
30. 6
16.4
4 6
1
. 3
. 7
1982
. 0
4
. 5
33. 9
30.1
24 0
5.8
1
. 1
. 6
1983
. 0
4
. 9
35.3
28 . 9
21. 4
7 6
1
. 5
. 3
. 0
1984
. 0
5
. 8
30.7
31. 2
25.1
4 4
2
. 3
. 3
. 1
1985
. 0
7
. 0
30.7
28 . 6
26.4
5.5
1
. 1
. 3
. 3
1986
. 0
5
. 7
23. 6
35. 6
27 . 8
5.3
1
. 4
. 2
. 2
. 1
1987
. 0
4
. 9
23.3
38 . 2
25. 8
6.3
1
. 1
. 0
. 2
. 1
1988
. 0
5
. 4
25.7
35.1
26.0
5.7
1
. 8
. 0
. 2
. 1
1989
. 0
5
. 8
26.4
39.7
22 .1
4 3
1
. 3
. 0
. 2
. 1
1990
. 1
6
. 6
26.4
41. 3
21. 2
3.7
. 5
. 1
. 2
. 0
1991
. 0
5
. 2
29.7
40.8
19.2
4 0
. 6
. 4
. 1
. 0
1992
. 0
6
. 2
28 . 5
44.9
15.2
3.4
1
. 1
. 5
. 1
. 1
1993
. 0
4
. 8
33.2
40.6
16.3
3.5
1
. 0
. 4
. 0
. 1
1994
8
. 8
34 . 8
37 . 5
14 7
2 9
. 9
. 4
. 0
. 1
1995
. 0
9
. 0
31. 5
38 . 6
16.0
4 4
. 3
. 3
. 0
1996
8
. 5
31. 0
44.1
12 . 9
3.1
. 3
. 2
1997
7
. 8
35. 8
39.4
14 5
2 2
. 1
. 1
1998
9
. 8
33. 9
39.4
14 8
1 9
. 1
. 2
1999
10
. 1
34 . 7
41. 7
12 . 4
9
. 1
. 1
2000
. 0
7
. 1
38 .1
43.3
10.5
9
. 1
. 1
2001
. 0
9
. 8
37 . 4
38 .1
10.7
3.8
. 1
. 2
. 0
2002
8
. 9
39.0
39.5
9.2
3.0
. 1
. 2
. 0
2003
. 0
11
. 2
35. 0
39.1
12 . 2
2 1
. 0
. 4
. 0
. 0
2004
12
. 3
38 .1
35. 0
13.1
1 1
. 1
. 1
. 3
. 0
2005
. 0
9
. 3
37 . 5
33. 6
15. 4
3.2
. 1
. 2
. 8
. 0
2006
. 0
6
. 0
38 . 8
3 6.6
13.1
4 7
. 0
. 2
. 6
. 0
2007
3
. 9
39.6
32 . 3
17 . 2
5.8
. 2
1. 0
2008
3
. 7
37 . 0
35.1
16.8
5. 9
. 2
. 2
1.1
55
60
60
65
65
70
70
75
75
80
80
85
85
90
90
95
95
100
. 2
. 0
. 0
. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
C-24
September 2008
-------
September 2008
Light-Duty Automotive Technology and
Fuel Economy Trends:
1975 Through 2008
Appendix D: Data Stratified by
Vehicle Type
Compliance and Innovative Strategies Division
and
Transportation and Climate Division
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
NOTICE
This Technical Report does not necessarily represent final EPA decisions or positions.
It is intended to present technical analysis of issues using data that are currently available.
The purpose in the release of such reports is to facilitate an exchange of
technical information and to inform the public of technical developments.
-------
Table
D-l
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Cars
YEAR SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE
FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
0-60 TOP
TIME SPEED
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON CU-FT CU-FT-
-MPG -MPG TON-MPG
1975
(000)
1976
1977
1978
^§0
1981
1982
1983
1986
1987
1988
1
0
1991
1992
1993
1996
1997
1998
^88c
2001
2002
2003
2006
2007
2008
7274
.711
15.8
12.3
15.1
13. 4
4071
293
137
14.1
112
.506
. 0333
32.4
8685
.704
17.5
13.7
16.6
14.9
4044
288
134
14.4
111
.500
. 0326
35.4
10027
.710
18.4
14.4
17.4
15 . 6
3936
106.9
281
134
13. 9
112
.516
. 0337
36.4
2031
3894
10018
. 693
20.0
15 . 6
19.2
17.0
3572
106.0
252
124
13. 6
111
.537
.0344
35.9
2193
3816
9727
.701
20.3
16.0
19.3
17.3
3468
105.9
239
120
13.7
111
.546
.0341
35.4
2210
3770
8774
.776
23.5
18.3
22. 6
20.0
3092
102.4
188
101
14 .2
107
.584
.0324
36.5
2462
3756
7935
.752
25.1
19.5
24.2
21.4
3079
104.5
184
99
14 .3
106
.589
. 0321
38.9
2689
4081
7007
.720
26.1
20.1
25. 6
22.3
3039
103. 4
175
99
14 .3
107
. 610
.0322
40.1
2779
4161
7066
. 686
25 .7
19.8
25.4
22.0
3121
106.7
185
105
13.9
108
. 613
. 0334
40.5
2835
4331
9672
. 690
26.3
20.2
26.0
22.4
3091
105.1
180
106
13.7
109
. 636
. 0341
41.0
2843
4309
9807
. 678
26.9
20.6
26.7
23.0
3091
106.0
179
112
13.2
111
. 670
. 0358
41.9
2928
4448
10136
. 660
28.0
21.3
27.7
23.8
3026
105.0
168
111
13.1
111
.702
.0363
42 . 6
3006
4479
9923
. 668
28.2
21.3
27.8
23.9
3013
104.4
162
113
13.0
112
.732
.0367
42 .7
3001
4460
10122
. 662
28 . 6
21.5
28.3
24.2
3035
105.4
160
116
12 .7
113
.759
.0376
43.7
3083
4615
9558
. 661
28.2
20.9
27.9
23.8
3088
106. 4
162
121
12.4
115
.784
. 0388
43.7
3052
4659
8434
. 669
27.8
20.5
27.5
23.4
3167
105.8
163
129
12.1
117
.830
.0402
44.2
2987
4687
8158
. 649
28.0
20.5
27.6
23.4
3147
105. 6
163
133
11.8
118
. 852
. 0415
44.2
3007
4680
7800
. 641
27.6
20.0
27.5
23.1
3234
107.3
170
141
11.5
121
.868
. 0429
44.8
3011
4819
7971
. 603
28.1
20.2
27.8
23.4
3210
107.1
167
140
11.5
120
.868
. 0429
45 .3
3059
4859
8055
.570
28.0
20.0
27.7
23.2
3251
107.2
168
143
11.4
121
.885
.0434
45 .7
3049
4900
9011
.595
28.3
19.9
28.1
23.4
3266
107. 8
168
154
10.8
125
.948
.0463
46.3
3098
4998
7622
.580
28.3
19.8
28.0
23.3
3276
108.2
166
154
10.8
125
.958
.0465
46.5
3106
5036
8037
.556
28.4
19.8
28.0
23.4
3274
108.0
164
157
10.7
126
. 975
. 0471
46.6
3104
5039
7722
.534
28.5
19.7
28.0
23.4
3304
108.0
164
159
10.6
127
.991
.0476
47.3
3122
5115
8120
.534
28.2
19.4
27.5
23.0
3361
108.4
166
164
10.5
128
1. 007
. 0482
47.5
3088
5157
8826
.532
28.2
19.3
27.3
22.9
3366
108.9
166
168
10.3
129
1. 030
. 0493
47.6
3103
5188
7961
.510
28.5
19.4
27.5
23.1
3366
108 .3
165
169
10.3
130
1. 039
. 0495
48.3
3142
5240
7860
. 488
28.8
19.5
27.4
23.2
3379
108 . 6
166
173
10.1
131
1.063
.0507
48.9
3176
5316
7442
. 472
28.9
19.4
27.5
23.2
3421
108.4
168
178
10.0
132
1.081
.0514
49.8
3200
5417
6982
.444
29.0
19.3
27.6
23.2
3444
108.8
170
182
9.8
133
1.095
. 0522
50.4
3227
5496
7305
.460
29.7
19.7
27.9
23.6
3444
109. 6
167
181
9.8
133
1.104
. 0519
51.8
3353
5703
7179
.475
29.3
19.4
27.7
23.4
3526
109.5
174
195
9.5
137
1.137
.0543
52 .5
3311
5770
7389
.483
30.4
20.2
28.5
24.2
3502
109.1
167
190
9.6
135
1.145
. 0533
54.4
3453
5957
7732
.471
30.4
20.1
28.6
24.2
3540
108.9
170
197
9.4
137
1.167
. 0547
55.0
3450
6014
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
D-l
September 2008
-------
Table D-l (Continued)
Percent of Cars:
MODEL
DRIVETRAIN
TRANSMISSION
FUEL
METERING
YEAR
FRONT
4WD
MANUAL
LOCK
CVT
GDI
PORT
TBI
DSL
1975
6.5
19.2
5.5
.3
1976
6.0
17. 0
3.3
.3
1977
6.8
16.6
4.3
.5
1978
9.9
20.2
6.6
5.3
1.0
1979
12.8
22. 6
8.5
5.1
2.2
1980
31.1
. 6
31.7
15.5
6.5
.7
4.1
1981
36.5
. 4
29.8
33. 9
6.3
2.9
5.9
1982
46.1
. 4
29.9
51.6
7.5
10.9
4.7
1983
48.1
.5
25.9
58.7
10.1
19.7
2.1
1984
52.8
. 4
24.4
58.3
15.9
24.1
1.6
1985
62.3
. 1
22 .7
58.7
22.4
33.0
.9
1986
71.2
.3
25.1
58.0
37.3
28.9
.3
1987
77.5
.3
25.5
58.9
42.0
30.6
.2
1988
82.2
. 4
24.7
66.0
54.0
29.4
.0
1989
83.1
. 6
21.4
69.1
.1
62 .3
28.1
.0
1990
85.3
.4
19.9
72 .7
.0
77.5
21.2
.0
1991
83.8
.9
20.8
73.2
.0
77.9
22.0
.1
1992
81.2
.7
17.5
76.2
.0
89.6
10.4
.1
1993
85 .3
. 6
17.8
76.8
.0
91.4
8.6
1994
84.4
.2
16.8
79.1
94.7
5.3
. 0
1995
82.2
. 6
16.3
81.9
98.7
1.2
. 1
1996
87.2
. 6
14.8
83.5
. 0
98.8
1.1
. 1
1997
87.3
. 6
13. 4
85.9
. 1
99.1
.8
.1
1998
88.2
. 8
12 .2
87.4
.1
99.7
.1
.2
1999
88.3
.9
10.8
88 . 6
.0
99.7
.1
.2
2000
85.8
.9
11.2
87.7
.0
99.7
.1
.2
2001
85.1
1.6
11.4
87.5
.2
99.7
.3
2002
86.0
2.3
11.0
88.3
.5
99. 6
. 4
2003
82.3
2.3
10.9
88.1
1.0
99.7
.3
2004
82.0
3.2
10.1
88.1
1.5
99.7
.3
2005
81.6
3.5
9.2
87.8
2.9
99. 6
. 4
2006
76.7
3.9
9.5
87.7
2.7
99.3
.7
2007
81.1
4.2
8.8
80.7
10.5
99.9
.1
2008
78 .3
5.5
9.7
78.4
11.9
3.2
96.7
.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
D-2
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICIiE SIZE
SMALL MID IiARGE
56.2
22.4
21.4
58.0
22. 6
19.3
54.7
22.2
23.1
46.2
33.3
20.4
45.3
33. 0
21.7
55.0
34.0
11.0
51.4
36.6
12.1
57.6
30.5
11.9
52 . 6
32.1
15 .3
58 . 6
28 . 6
12.8
56.3
28.3
15.4
94.8
3.4
1.7
61.2
26.3
12 .5
84.9
9.6
5.5
65.0
22 .7
12 .3
79.4
10.0
10.6
66.3
20.9
12.9
75.1
12.1
12.8
59.4
27.1
13.5
66.8
5 . 6
27.6
. 6
59.3
27.8
13. 0
65 .7
6.4
27.9
2.5
61.7
25.9
12.4
64 .7
4.6
30.7
4.7
56.9
27.2
15.9
62.3
3.2
34.5
5.0
56.9
29.2
13. 8
58.0
1.9
40.0
8.2
58.6
25.5
15.9
47.2
1.1
51.7
. 0
10.0
57.6
27.9
14 .5
42.7
1.0
56.3
.0
11.9
55.1
31.0
14.0
41.2
1.0
57.6
.1
11.6
55 .3
29.8
14.9
39.0
1.5
58.7
.8
18.8
49.8
38.4
11.8
35.8
2.1
60.7
1.5
17.2
48.3
38.7
13. 0
35.4
1.8
61.3
1.6
23.3
. 1
48.3
32.8
18.9
34.2
2.1
60. 9
2.8
28.7
. 0
51.1
31.2
17. 8
31.5
2.0
63. 8
2.7
34 .7
.3
48.4
35 .7
15.9
28.0
2.4
66.7
2.9
41.1
. 6
49.7
33.4
16.9
24.3
1.7
71.6
2.4
44.4
1.0
46.9
36.1
17.0
22 .2
2.1
74 . 6
1.1
52.7
2.3
43.6
39.5
16.9
20.4
1.7
77.5
.3
62.4
1.7
44.5
33.6
21.9
16.0
1.0
83.0
.0
67. 9
3.7
42 .5
41.7
15.7
11.8
1.0
87.2
.0
65.8
4.1
41.1
37. 6
21.3
September 2008
-------
Table
D-2
Characteristics of 1975
YEAR
1975
(000)
1976
1977
1978
^§0
1981
1982
1983
1986
1987
1988
1991
1992
1993
^5
1996
1997
1998
m0
2001
2002
2003
2*
2006
2007
2008
SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE
FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
963
.094
16.1
12.5
15. 6
13. 8
3957
256
129
1037
.084
17.3
13. 6
16.4
14.7
4182
276
132
1273
.090
18.0
14.3
16.9
15 .3
4005
138.1
266
127
1157
. 080
19.2
15.1
18 .3
16.4
3723
135 .7
243
123
1067
. 077
19.7
15 . 6
18.4
16.7
3637
135. 6
234
117
669
. 059
23.6
18.5
22.5
20.1
3231
128.4
189
96
798
.076
25 . 6
20.0
24.6
21.8
3040
126.2
165
94
812
.083
25 .3
19.6
24.6
21.6
3188
129. 4
178
98
936
.091
27.2
21.1
26.3
23.2
3047
123. 9
161
94
1003
.072
26.4
20.4
25.9
22 . 6
3175
131.5
166
100
983
. 068
27.5
21.2
26.9
23.4
3112
130.2
158
101
878
. 057
27.1
20.7
26.6
23.0
3215
133.3
162
106
808
. 054
27.2
20.6
26.7
23.0
3248
133.5
162
112
613
.040
27.6
20.7
27.0
23.3
3242
133. 6
163
114
461
.032
26.9
20.0
26.5
22. 6
3327
135 .5
171
121
376
.030
26.7
19.7
26.4
22.4
3367
135.0
165
127
366
.029
28.0
20.5
27.6
23.4
3305
134.0
158
124
307
.025
27.5
19.9
27.4
23.0
3391
136.2
171
137
486
. 037
29.6
21.3
29.1
24 . 6
3154
129.8
150
117
360
. 026
29.4
20.9
29.1
24.4
3217
130.5
154
128
385
. 025
29.6
21.0
29.0
24.4
3189
129.7
147
126
268
.020
27.7
19.6
27.0
22.8
3453
131. 8
155
144
298
.021
28.9
20.4
27.9
23.7
3283
128.0
142
138
250
.017
28.3
19.8
27.0
23.1
3359
128.1
143
149
259
.017
27.7
19.2
26.6
22. 6
3460
130. 8
148
156
302
.018
27.7
19.2
26.2
22.4
3468
130.8
147
158
447
. 029
26.9
18 .7
25.1
21.7
3631
127.0
150
162
444
. 028
26.7
18.4
24.9
21.5
3610
125.4
149
163
509
. 032
29.1
20.0
26.5
23.2
3425
121.3
135
155
556
.035
27.8
19.0
25.4
22.1
3683
130. 9
151
187
722
.045
28.0
19.0
25.5
22.2
3652
129.7
158
189
815
. 054
28.4
19.2
25.8
22.5
3603
128.8
154
188
640
.042
28 . 6
19.2
26.3
22.7
3598
123.7
156
186
804
.049
29.6
20.0
26.9
23.4
3557
122.8
149
180
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
D-3
2008 Wagons
-60
TOP
HP/
HP/
TON
CU-FT
CU-FT-
TIME
SPEED
CID
WT
-MPG
-MPG
TON-MP<
14 .3
110
.585
. 0322
32.2
14.7
109
.526
. 0312
36.2
14. 6
109
.523
. 0315
36.3
2559
5018
14.1
110
.548
.0327
35.8
2642
4875
14 .5
108
.535
.0317
35.8
2694
4864
15 .2
104
.5 67
.0297
38.4
3098
4956
14 . 6
105
. 644
. 0312
39.1
3287
4956
14.8
105
. 603
.0305
40.4
3334
5245
14.8
104
. 636
. 0305
41.6
3420
5149
14. 6
106
. 645
. 0311
42.1
3546
5543
14.3
107
. 677
. 0320
42 .7
3638
5580
14.1
108
. 690
.0327
43.4
3642
5813
13.6
110
.730
.0342
44.1
3660
5911
13.3
111
.745
. 0352
44.6
3708
5987
13. 0
113
.758
. 0363
44.6
3663
6068
12 . 6
115
.815
.0376
45.0
3624
6080
12 .7
114
. 823
. 0372
46.3
3783
6218
12.1
118
.867
. 0403
46.7
3772
6371
12.8
113
. 811
. 0368
46.8
3894
6087
12.4
116
.848
.0390
47.5
3896
6196
12.4
116
.873
.0390
47.3
3885
6132
11.8
120
.945
. 0414
47.9
3677
6323
11.6
119
. 972
. 0419
47.5
3741
6086
11.1
123
1.043
.0442
47.4
3650
6084
10.9
124
1. 062
. 0449
47.9
3650
6280
10.9
125
1. 076
. 0454
48.0
3649
6291
11.0
125
1. 084
. 0446
49.0
3448
6233
10.9
125
1.109
.0452
48.4
3378
6090
10.9
124
1.160
.0453
50.4
3595
6117
10.1
132
1.248
. 0504
51.4
3687
6732
9.9
133
1.220
. 0511
51.4
3705
6678
10.0
133
1.228
.0514
51.3
3701
6605
10.0
133
1.213
. 0508
51.7
3609
6409
10.1
131
1.223
. 0501
52.9
3704
6517
September 2008
-------
Table D-2 (Continued)
Percent of Wagons:
MODEL
DRIVETRAIN
TRANSMISSION
FUEL
METERING
YEAR
FRONT
4WD
MANUAL
LOCK CVT
GDI
PORT
TBI
DSL
1975
6.6
25.3
2.7
. 1
1976
4.1
17.5
2.6
. 1
1977
7.0
18.0
3.4
.3
1978
7.2
19.9
7.5
3.4
.5
1979
3.8
3.5
19.6
4.1
1.4
1.1
1980
11.3
4.6
35.1
30.2
2.2
9.3
1981
42.4
4.2
36.8
27.5
4.4
. 0
6.5
1982
42.0
4.2
28.0
49.0
4.3
.3
4.7
1983
41.1
22.3
30.7
42.1
4.4
13.0
1.5
1984
62.9
7.2
22.1
58.4
6.1
26.7
2.0
1985
54.4
21.5
23.6
58 . 6
12.1
22 .7
1.0
1986
69.4
9.2
21.4
58.3
29.8
22.7
. 4
1987
71.5
10.5
17.3
66.4
48.2
29.2
.3
1988
73. 8
8.5
17. 4
67.1
48.9
39.8
1989
71.2
7.7
12.9
73.3
64.1
23.2
1990
68.9
13.7
13. 9
76.5
76.4
18.0
1991
71.8
12.4
14 .7
80.4
80.8
19.2
1992
70.2
12 .2
15 .2
80.2
89.0
11.0
1993
81.3
10.3
18 . 6
78 .7
93.5
6.5
1994
84.9
6.2
15 .7
81.7
98 .7
1.3
1995
77.5
15.1
16.9
81.7
100.0
1996
66.7
28.3
15.1
84.9
99.5
.5
1997
65.7
32.9
16.5
83.5
100. 0
. 0
1998
50.7
46.3
15.7
84.3
100. 0
1999
52.9
43.3
14.5
84.8
100. 0
2000
58.2
37. 6
11.1
87.4
100.0
2001
66.2
32.2
11.6
88.1
100.0
2002
66.5
31.5
14 . 6
85.1
99.5
.5
2003
73.0
25 .5
14.0
85.9
98 .7
1.3
2004
65.8
33.3
10.5
89.5
99.2
.8
2005
61.4
28.2
10.1
89.9
99. 0
1.0
2006
67.5
22 .5
8.5
91.5
100. 0
2007
72. 6
21.9
8.1
91. 9
99. 9
. 1
2008
74.4
21.8
16.9
83.1
3.8
96.2
.1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
D-4
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICIiE SIZE
SMALL MID IiARGE
49.5
30.0
20.4
33.3
46.7
20.0
30.2
43.0
26.8
31.2
43.5
25 .3
29.0
45 .2
25.8
46.4
38.4
15 .2
52.4
34.1
13.5
47.0
35.0
18.0
56.7
29.5
13.9
46.0
36.4
17.6
50.5
34 .7
14.8
100. 0
39.7
46.6
13.7
90.5
2.2
7.3
44.7
44.4
10.9
91.9
.3
7.8
41.3
46.4
12 .3
85 . 6
1.1
13.3
34 .5
51.9
13.6
70.8
29.2
42 . 6
49.1
8.3
71.1
28.9
57.1
33.5
9.4
74 .3
25 .7
.7
46.6
44.7
8.7
79. 6
20.4
.3
62.1
34.1
3.8
80.4
19. 6
4.4
57.3
38.4
4.4
63.5
36.5
5.1
51.5
45.8
2.7
42.9
57.1
5.8
33.5
63. 0
3.5
45.9
54.1
3.9
50.0
50.0
.0
27.7
1.9
68.1
2.3
6.8
39.0
61.0
.0
22.9
2.3
66.5
8.4
12.3
30.0
70.0
.0
20.1
1.8
69.1
9.0
25.0
22.4
77.6
.0
7.3
1.3
84.0
7.5
22.5
47.3
52 .7
.0
5.9
1.8
86.1
6.3
18.4
53.2
46.8
. 0
4.9
.9
86.8
7.4
42 .5
66.4
33. 6
. 0
2.8
1.5
90. 6
5.1
41.6
54.0
28.4
17.7
17. 8
. 6
79.8
1.8
40.9
50.6
33. 0
16.4
7.9
2.6
89.5
. 0
44 . 6
60.5
27.0
12 .5
9.3
1.4
89.3
.0
38.2
61.4
27.1
11.6
1.3
98 . 6
.0
47.6
69.2
21.6
9.3
September 2008
-------
Table D-3
Characteristics of 1975 to
YEAR
1975
(000)
1976
1977
1978
^§0
1981
1982
1983
1986
1987
1988
1
SALES
FUEL ECONOMY
-> WGHT VOL
ENGINE
0
1991
1992
1993
1996
1997
1998
2001
2002
2003
2006
2007
2008
FRAC
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB CU-FT
CID
HP
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
8237
.806
15.8
12.3
15.2
13.5
4058
288
136
9722
.788
17.5
13.7
16.6
14.9
4059
287
134
11300
.800
18 .3
14.4
17.4
15 . 6
3944
110.4
279
133
11175
.773
19.9
15 .5
19.1
16.9
3588
109.0
251
124
10794
.778
20.3
15.9
19.2
17.2
3485
108.9
238
119
9443
. 835
23.5
18.3
22. 6
20.0
3101
104.2
188
100
8733
.827
25.1
19.6
24.2
21.4
3076
106.5
182
99
7819
.803
26.0
20.1
25.5
22.2
3054
106.1
175
99
8002
.777
25.9
19.9
25.5
22.1
3112
108.7
182
104
10675
.761
26.3
20.2
26.0
22.4
3099
107.5
179
106
10791
.746
27.0
20.7
26.8
23.0
3093
108 .2
177
111
11015
.717
27.9
21.2
27.6
23.7
3041
107.3
167
111
10731
.722
28.1
21.2
27.7
23.8
3031
106. 6
162
112
10736
.702
28 . 6
21.4
28.2
24.1
3047
107. 0
160
116
10018
. 693
28.1
20.9
27.9
23.7
3099
107.7
163
121
8810
. 698
27.8
20.5
27.5
23.3
3176
107.1
163
129
8524
. 678
28.0
20.5
27.6
23.4
3154
106. 8
163
132
8108
. 666
27.6
20.0
27.5
23.1
3240
108.4
170
141
8456
. 640
28.2
20.3
27.9
23.5
3207
108.4
166
138
8415
.596
28.0
20.0
27.7
23.3
3250
108 .2
168
143
9396
. 620
28.3
20.0
28.1
23.4
3263
108.7
167
152
7890
. 600
28.3
19.8
28.0
23.3
3282
109. 0
165
154
8335
.576
28.4
19.8
28.0
23.4
3274
108.7
164
156
7972
.551
28.5
19.7
28.0
23.4
3306
108. 6
164
159
8379
.551
28.2
19.4
27.5
23.0
3365
109.1
166
164
9128
.551
28.2
19.3
27.3
22.9
3369
109. 6
165
168
8408
.539
28.4
19.4
27.3
23.0
3380
109.3
165
168
8304
.515
28.6
19.4
27.2
23.1
3391
109.5
166
173
7951
.504
28.9
19.5
27.5
23.2
3421
109.2
166
176
7538
.480
28.9
19.3
27.4
23.1
3462
110. 4
168
182
8027
.505
29.5
19.6
27.6
23.5
3463
111. 4
166
182
7993
.529
29.2
19.4
27.5
23.3
3534
111.5
172
194
8029
.525
30.3
20.1
28.3
24.1
3510
110.2
167
190
8537
.520
30.3
20.1
28.4
24.1
3541
110.2
168
196
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
D-5
Cars and Wagons
-60
TOP
HP/
HP/
TON
CU-FT
CU-FT-
TIME
SPEED
CID
WT
-MPG
-MPG
TON-MP<
14 .2
111
.515
. 0331
32.3
14.4
110
.502
. 0324
35.5
14.0
111
.516
. 0335
36.4
2091
4021
13.7
111
.538
.0342
35.9
2240
3926
13.8
110
.545
.0338
35.4
2258
3878
14 .3
107
.583
.0322
36.6
2507
3841
14.4
106
.594
. 0320
38.9
2744
4161
14.4
106
. 609
.0320
40.1
2836
4273
14.0
108
. 615
. 0330
40.7
2904
4426
13. 8
109
. 637
. 0339
41.1
2910
4425
13.3
111
. 671
. 0355
42.0
2992
4551
13.2
111
.701
.0360
42 . 6
3057
4585
13.0
112
.732
.0365
42.8
3051
4569
12.8
113
.759
.0375
43.7
3119
4693
12.5
115
.783
. 0387
43.8
3080
4723
12.1
117
.829
.0401
44.2
3014
4746
CO
118
. 851
. 0413
44.3
3040
4746
11.5
120
.868
. 0428
44.9
3040
4877
11.6
120
.865
. 0425
45.4
3107
4929
11.4
121
.884
.0432
45 .7
3086
4955
10.9
125
.945
.0460
46.4
3130
5045
10.8
125
.958
.0464
46.5
3125
5080
10.7
126
. 974
. 0469
46.7
3127
5076
10.6
127
.993
.0475
47.3
3138
5145
10.5
128
1. 009
. 0481
47.5
3106
5191
10.4
129
1. 032
. 0492
47.6
3121
5224
10.3
129
1. 042
. 0492
48.4
3158
5292
10.2
131
1.066
.0504
48.9
3187
5358
10.0
132
1.086
.0510
49.9
3225
5462
9.8
133
1.106
. 0521
50.5
3261
5587
9.8
133
1.115
. 0518
51.8
3384
5790
9.6
136
1.146
.0540
52.4
3351
5855
9.7
135
1.150
. 0531
54.2
3465
5993
9.5
137
1.173
. 0543
54.8
3474
6062
September 2008
-------
Table D-3 (Continued)
Percent of Cars and Wagons:
MODEL
DRIVETRAIN
TRANSMISSION
FUEL
METERING
YEAR
FRONT
4WD
MANUAL
LOCK
CVT
GDI
PORT
TBI
DSL
1975
6.5
19.9
5.1
.2
1976
5.8
17.1
3.2
.3
1977
6.8
16.8
4.2
.5
1978
9.6
20.2
6.7
5.1
. 9
1979
11.9
.3
22.3
8.0
4.7
2.1
1980
29.7
. 9
31.9
16.5
6.2
.7
4.4
1981
37. 0
.7
30.4
33.3
6.1
2.6
5.9
1982
45. 6
. 8
29.7
51.4
7.2
9.8
4.7
1983
47.3
3.1
26.5
56.7
9.5
18.9
2.1
1984
53.7
1.0
24.1
58.3
15.0
24.4
1.7
1985
61. 6
2.1
22.8
58.7
21.4
32.0
.9
1986
71.1
1.1
24.8
58.0
36.7
28.4
.3
1987
77. 0
1.1
24.9
59.5
42.5
30.5
.3
1988
81.7
. 8
24.3
66.1
53.7
30.0
.0
1989
82.5
1.0
21.0
69.3
.1
62.4
27.8
.0
1990
84.6
1.0
19. 6
72.9
.0
77.5
21.1
.0
1991
83.2
1.4
20.5
73.5
.0
78.0
21.8
.1
1992
80.8
1.1
17.4
76.4
.0
89.5
10.4
.1
1993
85.1
1.2
17.8
77.0
.0
91. 6
8.4
1994
84.4
.4
16.7
79.3
94.9
5.1
. 0
1995
82.0
1.2
16.3
81.9
98.8
1.2
. 1
1996
86.5
1.5
14.8
83.6
. 0
98.8
1.1
. 1
1997
86.5
1.7
13.5
85.8
. 1
99.1
. 8
.1
1998
87.0
2.3
12.3
87.3
.1
99.7
.1
.2
1999
87.2
2.2
10.9
88.4
.0
99.7
.1
.2
2000
84.9
2.1
11.2
87.7
.0
99.7
.1
.2
2001
84.1
3.2
11.4
87.5
.2
99.7
.3
2002
84.9
3.8
11.2
88.1
. 4
99. 6
. 4
2003
81.7
3.8
11.1
87.9
. 9
99. 6
. 4
2004
80.8
5.4
10.2
88.2
1.4
99.7
.3
2005
79.8
5.8
9.3
88.0
2.6
99. 6
. 4
2006
75.8
5.8
9.4
88.1
2.4
99.4
. 6
2007
80.4
5 . 6
8.7
81.6
9.7
99.9
.1
2008
77.9
7.1
10.3
78.9
10.8
3.3
96.7
.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
D-6
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICIiE SIZE
SMALL MID IiARGE
55.4
23.3
21.3
55.4
25.2
19.4
51.9
24.5
23.5
44.7
34.4
21.0
43.7
34 .2
22.1
54.4
34.4
11.3
51.5
36.4
12 .2
56.5
31.0
12 .5
53.1
31.8
15.1
57.4
29.4
13.2
55 .7
28.9
15.4
95.2
3.2
1.6
59.5
27.9
12 . 6
85.3
9.1
5 . 6
63.5
24.3
12 .2
80.1
9.5
10.4
64.8
22 .3
12.8
75 . 6
11.6
12.8
58.3
28.2
13.5
67.0
5.4
27.6
. 6
58 . 6
28.7
12.8
65.9
6.2
27.9
2.4
61.5
26.2
12.3
65.0
4.4
30.5
4 . 6
56.5
27.8
15. 6
63.3
3.0
33.7
4.8
57.2
29.5
13.3
59.0
1.8
39.2
8.0
58.5
26.1
15.4
47.8
1.1
51.1
. 0
9.8
57.3
28 . 6
14.0
42.7
. 9
56.3
.0
11.7
54.3
32.0
13.6
41.4
1.0
57.5
.1
11.3
55.1
30.6
14 .3
38 . 6
1.5
59.0
.9
18.4
49.4
39.1
11.4
35.4
2.1
60.9
1.7
17.1
47.7
39.7
12. 6
34.9
1.8
61.5
1.8
23.4
. 1
47.5
34.3
18.2
32.8
2.1
62.1
3.1
28.3
. 0
50.9
32.3
16.8
30.1
2.0
65.0
2.9
33.9
.3
48.6
36.3
15.1
26.5
2.3
68.0
3.2
41.2
. 6
50.8
33.4
15.9
22.8
1.7
73. 0
2 . 6
44.2
.9
47.4
35 .5
17.0
21.8
2.0
75.0
1.2
51.6
2.1
44.2
38.9
16.8
19.2
1.8
78 .7
.3
60. 6
1.5
46.2
32.9
20.9
15.4
1.0
83.5
.0
65.5
3.4
44.0
40.6
15.4
10.8
.9
88.3
.0
64.1
3.7
43.7
36.1
20.2
September 2008
-------
Table
D-4
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Vans
YEAR SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPEED CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
(000)
1976
1977
1978
^§0
1981
1982
1983
1986
1987
1988
1
0
1991
1992
1993
1996
1997
1998
1
2001
2002
2003
22885
2006
2007
2008
0
457
.045
13.1
10.6
11.9
11.1
4196
318
143
13. 9
113
. 448
. 0341
28.1
502
.041
13.9
11.1
12.8
11.8
4200
324
146
13.7
114
.447
.0347
29.7
514
.036
14.7
11.9
13.3
12 .5
4252
332
152
13.3
116
.458
.0359
31.7
625
. 043
14.2
11.6
12 .7
12.1
4250
329
149
13.4
115
. 453
. 0351
30.8
481
. 035
13.5
11.1
12.1
11.5
4541
322
144
14. 6
111
. 451
. 0317
31.3
242
. 021
16.6
13.3
15.4
14.1
4353
288
131
15.2
108
. 459
. 0299
36.4
245
.023
17.5
14.0
16.0
14.8
4324
284
129
15.3
108
.458
.0298
38.0
311
.032
17.3
13. 9
15.9
14 .7
4342
287
132
15 .2
109
.4 63
.0303
38.0
383
. 037
17.7
14.1
16.5
15.1
4414
294
136
15.0
109
.466
. 0307
39.7
676
.048
18.9
15.0
17.7
16.1
4075
249
126
14.9
108
.538
.0307
39.3
855
.059
19.5
15.5
18.1
16.5
3975
236
129
14 .3
110
.578
.0322
39.3
1044
. 068
20.6
16.1
19.4
17.5
3998
228
127
14 .5
109
.588
.0317
41.5
1114
. 075
20.9
16.2
19.8
17.7
3972
226
142
13.3
114
. 657
. 0356
41.7
1133
. 074
21.2
16.2
20.3
17. 9
4053
229
147
13. 0
116
. 671
. 0363
43.2
1278
.088
21.1
16.1
20.2
17. 8
4057
225
146
13.1
115
. 680
.0360
43.2
1262
.100
21.2
16.0
20.4
17. 8
4095
225
149
13.0
116
. 682
.0363
43.8
1034
.082
21.4
16.0
20.5
17.9
4133
220
149
13.1
115
.701
.0359
44.5
1221
. 100
21.5
15.9
20.5
17. 9
4151
222
152
12.9
116
.705
. 0366
44.8
1441
.109
21.9
16.0
21.0
18.2
4105
218
155
12. 6
118
.730
.0378
45.0
1418
.100
21.5
15.7
20.5
17. 8
4156
226
159
12.4
119
.721
.0383
44.9
1662
.110
21.8
15.8
21.0
18.1
4110
231
159
12 .3
119
.708
.0387
45.0
1409
. 107
22.2
15.9
21.4
18 .3
4195
220
171
11.8
122
.790
. 0408
46.8
1266
. 088
22.1
15 .7
21.2
18 .2
4241
220
174
11.8
123
. 802
. 0410
46.9
1489
. 103
22.7
16.0
22.0
18.7
4183
217
180
11.3
125
. 840
. 0431
47.7
1463
.096
22 .3
15. 6
21.5
18.3
4307
223
183
11.4
125
. 832
. 0424
48.1
1691
.102
22.8
15.9
21.8
18. 6
4276
217
183
11.4
125
.857
.0428
48.9
1233
.079
22.1
15.3
21.1
18.0
4519
229
202
10.9
129
. 897
. 0447
50.3
1243
.077
23.0
15.9
21.9
18.7
4394
218
199
10.8
129
.929
.0455
50.9
1232
.078
23.5
16.0
22.2
19.0
4393
219
202
10.7
130
.929
.0459
51.7
953
. 061
23.7
16.0
22 .7
19.2
4487
219
214
10.4
133
.988
.0477
53.4
1481
. 093
24.0
16.1
22.8
19.3
4430
216
209
10.5
132
. 976
. 0472
53.2
1166
. 077
24.3
16.2
23.1
19.5
4475
216
211
10.5
132
. 984
. 0472
54.4
877
.057
24.3
16.2
23.2
19.6
4461
220
225
10.0
136
1. 029
.0503
54.3
891
.054
24.5
16.4
23.4
19.7
4561
220
224
10.4
135
1.021
.0490
56.1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
D-7
September 2008
-------
Table D-4 (Continued)
Percent of Vans:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
1975
23.3
.2
1976
20.5
.3
1977
14.3
. 4
1978
13. 0
. 4
1979
14.8
6.8
1.8
1980
26.0
39.0
6.5
1981
.3
21.9
46.6
4.6
1982
15.7
45.8
3.0
1.8
1983
.2
12.0
59.3
3.5
4.5
1984
22.3
15.5
45. 6
6.6
3.1
1.2
1985
30.4
.3
10.0
47.4
6.3
2.9
.3
1986
24.4
1.3
8.5
60.1
21.8
16.3
.4
1987
27.5
1.9
6.6
67.6
45.8
30.2
.1
1988
36.3
.8
3.7
78 .7
56.9
42.8
. 1
1989
34.4
.7
2.9
76.5
58.1
41.8
. 1
1990
46.8
6.6
1.5
93.5
58.1
41.9
. 1
1991
38.2
10.9
1.3
96.5
63.3
36.6
. 1
1992
45.4
5.5
1.6
96.4
71.9
28.1
.1
1993
49.8
4.5
1.2
97.2
79.0
21.0
1994
52.3
6.4
.5
97.4
81.2
18.8
1995
61.3
9.1
. 1
98.2
87.4
12 . 6
1996
73. 8
2.3
. 0
98.4
100.0
1997
64.7
4.7
99. 6
100.0
1998
78.3
3.2
100.0
100.0
1999
76.0
2.7
100. 0
100.0
2000
80.6
2.7
100. 0
100.0
2001
69.3
8.7
100. 0
100. 0
2002
84.3
3.0
100. 0
100. 0
2003
83.5
5.0
100. 0
100. 0
2004
86.6
4.9
100. 0
100. 0
2005
89.2
5.5
94.9
5.1
100. 0
2006
89.8
4.5
95.3
4.7
100. 0
2007
93. 6
3.2
96.3
3.7
100. 0
2008
92.5
3.9
100. 0
100. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
D-8
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
4
66.1
33.6
3
61. 4
38 .3
4
61. 0
38 . 6
4
63. 8
35.8
1
8
65.1
33.1
6
5
53.8
39.7
4
6
56.3
39.2
4
8
58.0
37.2
3
7
60.1
36.2
12
2
62.1
25 .7
10
9
70.1
19.0
9
8
74.9
15 .3
11
3
76.2
12 .5
4
9
83.0
12.1
2
8
86.1
11.1
2
4
89.1
8.5
1
5
91.2
7.3
3
3
8
8
89.1
91.8
91.4
7.6
7.4
7.9
95 .5
1.0
3.6
4
93.4
6.3
94 .3
1.0
4.7
1
92.1
7.8
93.7
1.1
5.3
0
89.0
11.0
89.6
10.4
0
91.1
8.9
87.5
12 .5
8.2
0
88.3
11.7
78.4
21.6
15.0
0
90.0
10.0
77. 4
22. 6
17.0
0
76.1
23.9
71.6
28.4
20.9
0
91. 0
9.0
74.2
25.8
19. 6
0
91. 0
9.0
47.7
52.3
46.1
0
93.7
6.3
62.0
38.0
25.0
0
96.3
3.7
53.2
46.8
36.4
0
94.0
6.0
49.1
50.9
47.1
0
96.4
3.6
26.4
73. 6
43.9
0
96.7
3.3
September 2008
-------
Table
D-5
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 SUVs
YEAR SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPEED CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
(000)
1976
1977
1978
^§0
1981
1982
1983
1986
1987
1988
1
0
1991
1992
1993
1996
1997
1998
1
2001
2002
2003
22885
2006
2007
2008
0
187
.018
13.0
10.6
11.6
11.0
4202
328
146
13.3
115
. 442
. 0357
27.1
243
.020
13.8
11.1
12.5
11.7
4312
335
141
14.0
112
.417
.0331
29.6
283
.020
15.1
12.2
13.7
12.8
4232
332
144
13.6
113
.431
.0343
31.8
380
. 026
14.4
11.6
13.2
12 .3
4270
339
149
13.2
114
.437
.0351
30.6
401
. 029
12. 6
10.4
10.9
10.6
4509
331
143
14.4
111
. 439
. 0322
28.3
185
. 016
15.5
12 .5
14.1
13.2
4236
295
131
14.7
109
. 453
. 0307
32.9
136
. 013
16.8
13. 4
15.5
14.3
4208
290
132
14.4
109
.460
. 0315
35.4
162
.017
17.6
14.0
16.4
15.0
4349
294
129
15.0
108
.453
.0303
39.2
289
.028
19.1
15.0
18.1
16.2
4137
254
124
15.0
108
.520
. 0303
40.1
625
.045
19.3
15.1
18.3
16.4
3999
227
120
15.0
107
.560
.0301
39.1
736
.051
19.8
15.4
19.3
16.9
4018
216
122
15.0
107
.590
.0301
40.3
774
. 050
20.2
15 .7
19.2
17.2
3921
207
127
14.1
110
. 657
.0325
39.9
873
. 059
20.6
15.9
19.8
17.5
3840
209
137
13.3
114
. 686
. 0355
39.7
968
. 063
20.4
15.7
19.5
17.2
3859
219
144
12.8
116
. 686
. 0373
39.5
926
.064
20.0
15.2
19.0
16.8
4018
242
155
12.4
119
. 666
.0388
40.3
708
.056
19.8
15.0
18.9
16.6
4045
232
154
12 .5
118
. 696
.0384
40.0
1095
.087
20.3
15 .3
19.4
17.0
4070
230
158
12 .3
119
.703
.0389
41.4
1003
. 082
19.9
14.8
18.9
16.6
4085
229
165
12.0
121
.737
. 0408
40.6
1311
.099
19.9
14.7
18.9
16.5
4157
242
179
11.4
125
.754
.0434
41.3
1623
.115
19.7
14. 6
18. 6
16.4
4209
238
177
11.6
124
.763
.0423
41.6
1816
.120
19.6
14.4
18.4
16.2
4255
241
176
11.7
123
.755
.0417
41.7
1890
. 144
20.0
14 .5
19.0
16.5
4283
252
185
11.3
126
.753
. 0434
42.9
2450
. 169
20.1
14 . 6
18.8
16.5
4329
246
186
11.3
125
.781
. 0430
43.5
2581
. 179
20.1
14.4
18.9
16.5
4340
246
188
11.3
126
.789
. 0433
43.7
2831
.186
20.1
14.4
18.8
16.4
4400
246
198
10.9
129
. 838
. 0450
44.3
3143
.190
20.1
14.3
18. 6
16.3
4458
245
200
10.9
129
.843
.0448
44.7
3450
.221
20.8
14.8
19.1
16.9
4378
229
206
10.5
131
. 929
. 0471
45. 6
4191
.260
20.6
14.4
19.1
16.7
4508
236
222
10.2
135
.960
.0491
46.4
4118
.261
20.8
14.5
19.3
16.8
4611
238
226
10.2
135
.974
.0491
48.0
4713
.300
20.9
14.4
19.4
16.9
4634
244
234
10.0
137
.982
.0506
48.5
4084
.257
21.6
14.8
19.9
17.3
4575
233
234
9.9
137
1. 022
. 0509
49.4
3757
.249
22.1
15 .2
20.3
17.7
4547
226
230
9.9
137
1. 033
. 0504
50.7
4275
.280
22 .7
15.5
20.9
18.2
4618
230
243
9.7
140
1. 078
.0524
52 . 6
4865
.296
23.3
15.9
21.5
18.7
4567
222
242
9.6
140
1.108
.0527
53.4
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
D-9
September 2008
-------
Table D-5 (Continued)
Percent of SUVs:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
1975
84.1
41.4
1976
85.3
33. 9
1977
82.5
35.9
1978
88.5
34.3
1979
69.3
33.3
. 6
.2
1980
88.8
43.5
26.2
2.3
1981
90. 4
40.9
41.1
1982
79.5
29.8
42.2
15 .3
1983
80.7
32.1
51.2
6.7
1984
85.0
29.3
42.9
2.3
1985
80.4
27.9
60.1
3.8
1.5
1.5
1986
86.1
37.3
55.8
23.9
25 .7
1.5
1987
83.9
36.8
54.7
33.0
41.8
.4
1988
83.7
33.4
59.5
47.4
36.7
.3
1989
82. 6
26.1
66.4
46.1
47.4
.3
1990
83.9
29.7
66.5
57.3
37.3
.3
1991
76.6
21.9
76.7
59.6
39.8
.2
1992
72.3
22.4
76.9
73.1
26.6
1993
59.5
16.2
83.2
85.7
14.1
1994
.5
76.1
16.5
81.9
86.2
13.8
1995
. 0
79.2
15.3
84.7
85 .7
14 .3
1996
1.0
71.1
7.5
92 .5
100.0
.0
1997
1.2
71.6
11.7
87.4
100.0
.0
1998
1.8
71.0
8.2
91.8
100.0
.0
1999
2.7
65 .7
6.3
93.7
100.0
2000
2.5
67.1
5.1
94.9
100.0
2001
13.8
60.1
4.3
95.7
100. 0
2002
9.4
63.7
3.8
96.1 .1
100. 0
2003
11.5
63.2
2.9
94.8 2.3
100. 0
2004
12.3
65.1
2.7
95.5 1.7
100.0
.0
2005
17.1
64.7
2.5
95.4 2.1
99.8
.2
2006
19. 6
63.4
2.5
92.7 4.7
99.8
.2
2007
23.0
60.0
2.1
92.9 5.0
99.9
.1
2008
26.1
59.3
2.1
90.6 7.4
2.0 97.6
. 4
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
D-10
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
28.6
65.7
5.7
24.5
68.9
6.6
25.4
68 .5
6.1
23.9
70.9
5.1
26.1
46.7
27.2
32.8
54.4
12.8
31.3
58.3
10.4
26.2
60.4
13.4
19.1
70.4
10.6
23.2
69.0
7.8
15 .7
76.5
7.8
22.9
69. 6
7.5
29.2
64.3
6.5
29.8
63.1
7.1
24.6
67.4
8.0
26.8
63.1
10.2
12.4
82 . 6
5.0
12.8
79.7
7.5
11.0
79.2
9.8
11.6
78.0
10.4
84.4
83.6
75 .7
76.7
71.5
75.1
59.7
52.1
45.7
43.8
35.1
26.8
34.1
26.8
15 . 6
10.4
76.9
12 .7
16.4
6.4
80.9
12 .7
24.3
20.0
57.2
22.8
1.5
21.7
12.2
62.9
24.9
1.8
26.6
3.2
11.1
62.3
26.6
1.1
23.8
3.0
12.7
59.3
28.0
1.2
39.2
13.4
11.3
56.4
32 .3
1.0
46.9
24.0
8.5
43.0
48.5
.9
53.4
31.7
6.4
50.8
42 .7
.4
55.4
.4
35.5
5.4
53.1
41.5
3.4
61.4
.2
45.5
.3
5.3
50.9
43.8
5.3
67.8
.1
54.9
2.7
3.5
56.4
40.1
2.4
63.5
52 .5
1.4
3.8
50.1
46.1
1.3
71.9
56.8
1.9
2.9
55.5
41.5
September 2008
-------
Table D-6
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Pic
YEAR
1975
(000)
1976
1977
1978
^§0
1981
1982
1983
1986
1987
1988
1
0
1991
1992
1993
1996
1997
1998
1
2001
2002
2003
22885
2006
2007
2008
0
SALES
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
FRAC
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1343
.131
14.0
11.1
13.1
11.9
4012
306
141
1866
.151
14 . 6
11.7
13. 4
12.4
4122
316
139
2026
.143
16.0
12.9
14.5
13.6
4092
313
146
2268
. 157
15.7
12.8
14.1
13.3
4104
306
144
2207
. 159
15.5
12 .7
13.9
13.2
4142
287
136
1437
. 127
19.4
15 .5
17.9
16.5
3740
236
118
1440
. 136
21.0
16.7
19.5
17. 9
3679
237
115
1441
.148
21.7
17.2
20.3
18.5
3629
228
117
1628
.158
22 .2
17.5
20.9
18.9
3544
212
112
2043
.146
21.5
16.9
20.2
18.3
3619
215
114
2078
.144
21.4
16.9
20.1
18 .2
3642
221
123
2532
. 165
22.2
17.5
20.8
18.9
3574
206
120
2147
. 144
22.5
17.5
21.2
19.0
3526
202
123
2459
. 161
21.5
16.5
20.4
18.1
3737
229
138
2232
.154
21.2
16.2
20.0
17. 8
3803
236
143
1835
.145
20.7
15.7
19.7
17. 4
3928
247
152
1920
.153
21.7
16.3
20.7
18 .2
3779
232
146
1840
. 151
20.9
15 .5
20.0
17.5
3976
245
151
2002
.152
21.1
15. 6
20.2
17. 6
3996
244
156
2669
.189
21.0
15.5
19.9
17. 4
4056
248
163
2271
.150
20.4
14.9
19.3
16.9
4182
257
167
1955
. 149
20.8
15.1
19.7
17.1
4190
251
178
2408
. 167
20.4
14 .7
19.4
16.8
4415
264
196
2415
. 167
20.7
14.8
19.6
17. 0
4282
252
190
2545
.167
19.9
14.2
18. 6
16.3
4487
267
205
2613
.158
20.5
14. 6
18.9
16.6
4340
255
203
2519
.161
19. 6
13. 9
18.1
15.9
4552
269
216
2381
.148
19.5
13. 8
17. 8
15.7
4690
271
226
2475
.157
19.9
14.0
18.2
16.1
4642
264
223
2506
. 160
19.6
13.7
17.8
15 .7
4939
282
249
2301
. 145
19.7
13.6
18.1
15.8
4988
284
260
2188
. 145
20.1
13.9
18.4
16.1
4968
278
256
2106
.138
20.2
13. 9
18. 6
16.2
5108
286
268
2115
.129
20.2
13. 9
18.7
16.3
5219
291
283
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
D-ll
0-60
TOP
HP/
HP/
TON
TIME
SPEED
CID
WT
-MPG
13.5
114
. 491
. 0351
28.8
13.9
112
.466
.0339
30.9
13.3
115
.496
.0357
33.4
13.4
114
.496
.0350
33.1
14 .2
111
.502
. 0327
32.9
14.4
108
.549
. 0315
36.7
14.5
108
.521
. 0313
39.3
14.3
109
.545
.0322
40.1
14.4
108
.566
. 0317
40.0
14 .5
108
.5 63
.0314
39.4
13.7
110
.588
.0336
39. 6
13.7
110
. 623
.0336
40.1
13. 4
112
. 639
. 0347
40.1
12.9
115
. 627
. 0365
40.5
12.7
116
. 633
.0373
40.5
12.4
118
. 647
.0384
41.1
12.4
117
. 658
.0385
41.4
12.5
117
. 644
. 0379
41.8
12.2
119
. 666
.0390
42.4
12.0
121
. 687
.0401
43.0
12.0
121
. 687
.0399
43.1
11.5
124
.737
. 0422
43.9
11.1
127
.756
. 0439
45.3
11.2
127
.773
. 0439
44.6
10.9
129
.776
. 0453
44.7
10.8
130
.803
.0462
44.4
10.6
132
. 812
. 0470
44.7
10.4
134
.838
.0480
45 . 6
10.5
133
.847
.0475
46.3
10.1
138
.885
.0501
48.2
9.8
141
. 917
. 0520
49.1
9.9
140
. 925
. 0514
49.8
9.7
142
. 938
.0522
51.4
9.6
145
.967
.0537
52 .7
September 2008
-------
Table D-6 (Continued)
Percent of Pickups:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
1975
13.5
41.1
1976
20.9
38.8
1977
21.4
35.9
1978
27.0
37. 4
1.2
1979
12. 6
39.9
1.3
2.5
1980
1.8
21.1
58.8
21.9
1.0
4.2
1981
2.3
16.8
57.7
27.5
. 6
7.1
1982
2.2
17.7
53.9
29.5
.2
10.3
1983
1.9
22.1
56.3
28.0
.1
4.4
1984
. 6
24.7
54.9
29.3
1.0
2.7
1985
25.4
51.6
33.7
11.4
4.5
1.2
1986
25 .2
58.4
30.4
21.2
17.6
. 6
1987
.0
25 .5
58.5
28.9
26.9
32.0
.3
1988
. 0
28.4
51.0
38.8
35.4
48.3
.2
1989
28.9
52.4
41.5
38.8
51.1
.2
1990
27.9
45.8
49.8
52.4
41.4
.2
1991
24.8
52.2
46.4
47.9
48.7
.2
1992
26.3
47.1
52.1
58.0
38 . 6
.1
1993
. 0
27.6
43.9
55.3
61.2
36.7
1994
29.3
40.0
59.0
69.5
29.7
1995
33. 0
39. 6
59.5
69.5
30.5
1996
29.3
34 .7
64.0
99.8
.2
1997
34 . 6
25 .3
74 .7
99.9
.1
1998
34.8
27.3
71.1
100.0
.0
1999
45 .3
17.5
81.5
100.0
.0
2000
38.4
16.7
82 .5
100.0
2001
38.7
12.0
87.1
100. 0
2002
42.3
9.5
89.6
100. 0
2003
39.4
10.3
88.8
100. 0
2004
46.3
7.0
92.1
100. 0
2005
46.7
5.7
94.3
100. 0
2006
45.8
6.2
93. 8
100.0
2007
45.2
4.5
95 .5
100.0
2008
48.7
5.4
94 . 6
100.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
D-12
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
11.9
4.2
83.9
9.3
2.9
87.8
11.7
3.4
84.9
11.6
3.3
85.0
16.2
4 . 6
79.2
31.5
6.8
61.7
25 . 6
9.1
65 .3
24.0
21.9
54.1
19.2
38 .2
42 .7
20.7
34.4
44.9
23.9
29.7
46.4
29.4
31.1
39.5
20.5
49.0
30.5
13. 8
42.9
43.3
15.9
39.8
44.4
15.8
32 .7
51.5
16.1
45 .5
38.4
13.7
38.9
47.4
13.1
37.1
49.7
13.4
39.0
47.6
94 .5
5.5
13.1
30.8
56.0
86.7
4.5
8.7
11.3
35 .7
53.0
93.3
5.4
1.3
5.4
28.7
65.9
88.8
11.2
10.8
34.3
54.9
92.3
7.7
8.4
29.9
61.7
87.3
12.7
3.9
29.3
66.8
87.2
12.8
3.2
21.6
75.1
82.2
17. 8
8.3
19. 6
72.1
85.5
14.5
7.9
21.3
70.8
67. 6
14.3
18.1
18.9
.0
6.4
15.1
78 .5
59.2
14.0
26.8
39.1
.0
.4
9.4
90.2
51.0
14.9
34 .2
47.5
.1
.3
12 .5
87.1
60.9
11.6
27.5
39.1
.0
.0
12.4
87.6
59.2
13.2
27.6
40.0
. 0
12.1
87.9
September 2008
-------
Table
D-7
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Trucks
YEAR SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPEED CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
(000)
1976
1977
1978
^§0
1981
1982
1983
1986
1987
1988
1
0
1991
1992
1993
1996
1997
1998
1
2001
2002
2003
22885
2006
2007
2008
0
1987
.194
13.7
10.9
12.7
11.6
4072
311
142
13. 6
114
. 476
. 0349
28.4
2612
.212
14.4
11.5
13.2
12.2
4155
319
141
13.8
113
.458
.0340
30.5
2823
.200
15 . 6
12. 6
14.1
13.3
4135
318
147
13.3
115
.482
.0356
33.0
3273
.227
15.2
12.4
13.7
12.9
4151
314
146
13.4
114
.481
.0351
32.4
3088
.222
14.7
12.1
13.1
12 .5
4252
298
138
14 .3
111
. 486
. 0325
32.1
1863
. 165
18. 6
14.8
17.1
15.8
3869
248
121
14.5
108
.528
. 0313
36.3
1821
. 173
20.1
16.0
18. 6
17.1
3806
247
119
14. 6
108
.508
. 0311
38.8
1914
.197
20.5
16.3
19.0
17. 4
3806
243
120
14.5
109
.524
.0317
39.7
2300
.223
20.9
16.5
19.6
17. 8
3763
231
118
14.5
108
.543
. 0313
39.9
3345
.239
20.5
16.1
19.3
17. 4
3782
224
118
14 .7
108
.557
.0310
39.3
3669
.254
20.6
16.2
19.4
17.5
3795
224
124
14.1
110
.586
.0326
39. 6
4350
.283
21.4
16.8
20.2
18 .2
3738
211
123
14.0
110
. 621
.0330
40.4
4134
.278
21.6
16.8
20.5
18 .3
3713
210
131
13.3
113
. 654
. 0351
40.5
4559
.298
21.2
16.2
20.2
17. 9
3841
227
141
12.9
115
. 650
. 0366
40.9
4435
.307
20.9
15.9
19.8
17. 6
3921
234
146
12.8
116
. 653
.0372
41.2
3805
.302
20.7
15. 6
19.8
17. 4
4005
237
151
12 . 6
117
. 668
.0377
41.8
4049
.322
21.3
15.9
20.3
17.8
3948
228
150
12 . 6
117
. 681
.0379
42 .2
4064
.334
20.8
15 .5
19.9
17. 4
4056
234
155
12.5
118
. 685
. 0382
42.4
4754
.360
21.0
15.5
20.1
17.5
4073
235
162
12.1
120
.710
.0398
42.9
5710
.404
20.8
15.3
19.7
17.2
4125
239
166
12.0
121
.717
.0403
43.0
5749
.380
20.5
15.0
19.5
17.0
4184
244
168
12.0
121
.715
.0401
43.2
5254
. 400
20.8
15.1
19.9
17.2
4225
243
179
11.5
124
.757
. 0423
44.3
6124
. 424
20.6
14.8
19.5
17.0
4344
248
187
11.4
126
.775
. 0429
44.9
6485
. 449
20.9
14.9
19.8
17.1
4283
242
187
11.2
126
.795
. 0435
44.9
6839
.449
20.5
14. 6
19.2
16.7
4412
249
197
11.0
128
. 814
. 0446
45 .3
7447
.449
20.8
14.7
19.4
16.9
4375
242
197
11.0
128
.832
.0448
45 . 6
7202
.461
20.6
14. 6
19.1
16.7
4463
243
209
10.6
131
. 882
. 0466
46.1
7815
.485
20.6
14.4
19.1
16.7
4546
244
219
10.4
134
.918
.0482
46.9
7824
.496
20.9
14. 6
19.3
16.9
4586
243
221
10.4
134
.927
.0481
48.0
8173
.520
20.8
14 .3
19.2
16.7
4710
252
236
10.0
137
.953
.0501
49.0
7866
. 495
21.4
14 . 6
19.8
17.2
4668
244
237
10.0
137
. 983
. 0505
50.1
7111
. 471
21.8
14.9
20.1
17.5
4665
240
235
10.0
137
. 992
. 0502
51.0
7257
.475
22.1
15.1
20.4
17.7
4741
245
248
9.7
140
1. 031
.0521
52 .5
7871
.480
22 .5
15.3
20.9
18.1
4742
240
251
9.7
141
1.060
.0526
53.5
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
D-13
September 2008
-------
Table D-7 (Continued)
Percent of Trucks:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
1975
17.1
37. 0
. 1
1976
22.9
34.8
. 1
1977
23.6
32.0
. 1
1978
29.0
32.4
. 1
.8
1979
18.0
35.2
2.1
.3
1.8
1980
1.4
25.0
53.0
24 . 6
1.7
3.5
1981
1.9
20.1
51.6
31.1
1.1
5 . 6
1982
1.7
20.0
45 .7
33.2
.7
9.3
1983
1.4
25.8
45.9
36.1
. 6
4.7
1984
4.9
31.0
42.1
35.1
1.9
. 6
2.3
1985
7.1
30.6
37.1
42 .2
8.7
3.5
1.1
1986
5.9
30.3
42 .7
42.0
21.8
18.7
.7
1987
7.4
31.5
39.9
44.8
33.3
33. 6
.3
1988
9.0
33.3
35.5
53.1
43.3
44.4
.2
1989
9.9
32.0
32.7
56.8
45.9
47.6
.2
1990
15.5
31.3
28.1
67. 4
55.2
40.8
.2
1991
9.7
35.3
31.0
67. 4
55.0
43.2
.1
1992
13. 6
31.4
27.3
71.5
65.9
32 .5
.1
1993
15.1
29.4
23.3
75 .7
73.4
25 .7
1994
13.1
36.9
23.5
75.1
77.2
22 .5
1995
17.7
40.7
20.5
78 . 6
79.8
20.2
1996
20.1
37.1
15 . 6
83.5
99.9
.1
1997
13.9
43.2
14 . 6
85.0
100.0
. 0
1998
18 .7
42.0
13.4
86.0
100. 0
. 0
1999
17. 4
44.6
9.1
90.5
100. 0
2000
19.4
42.4
8.0
91.7
100. 0
2001
18.5
43.8
6.3
93. 4
100. 0
2002
18.5
47.6
4.9
94.7 .0
100. 0
2003
19.2
46.5
4.8
93.7 1.2
100.0
2004
17.2
52.3
3.7
95.0 1.0
100.0
.0
2005
25 .7
48.3
3.0
95.0 2.0
99.9
.1
2006
25.1
48.4
3.2
93.5 3.3
99.9
.1
2007
24.8
48.9
2.5
94.1 3.4
99.9
. 1
2008
26.6
50.2
2.7
92.7 4.6
1.2 98.5
.2
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
D-14
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICIiE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
10.9
24.2
64.9
9.0
20.3
70.7
11.0
20.4
68 .5
10.9
22 .7
66.3
15 .2
19.5
65 .3
28.4
17.6
54.0
23.2
19.1
57.7
21.1
31.0
47.9
16.6
45.9
37. 6
19.5
46.4
34.1
19.2
48.5
32.3
23.5
48.5
28.0
19.9
59.6
20.6
15.0
57.2
27.8
13.9
58.9
27.2
13.4
57.1
29.6
11.4
67.2
21.4
10.4
64.0
25 . 6
8.8
65 .3
25.9
9.8
63.1
27.2
91.6
87.6
86.3
84.2
82.7
80.1
72.4
64.4
62.8
51.6
47.2
38 . 6
43.7
35.5
.3
8.1
8.6
63.5
27.9
2.0
10.4
6.5
67.1
26.4
2.4
11.3
10.1
52.5
37.3
. 6
15.2
8.9
58.7
32.4
. 8
16.6
3.1
7.7
55.8
36.5
.5
19.4
4.7
6.7
55 .7
37.5
. 6
27.1
9.3
6.6
47.6
45.9
. 6
35.1
16.2
7.1
43.5
49.4
.5
36.7
19.8
5.9
47.8
46.3
4 . 6
43.6
.2
31.6
.0
5.1
46.2
48.7
5.9
46.9
.1
39.8
. 1
2.8
47.3
49.9
7.4
54.0
. 1
49.6
1.4
2.0
49.0
49.0
4.8
51.6
47.9
. 9
2.2
44.8
53.0
4.3
60.2
50.8
1.2
1.8
48.5
49.7
September 2008
-------
Table D-8
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Light Vehicles
YEAR SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPEED CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
(000)
1976
1977
1978
1
0
1981
1982
1983
1986
1987
1988
1
1991
1992
1993
1996
1997
1998
1
2001
2002
2003
22885
2006
2007
2008
0
0
10224
1.000
15 .3
12.0
14. 6
13.1
4060
293
137
14.1
112
.507
. 0335
31.6
12334
1.000
16.7
13.2
15.7
14.2
4079
294
135
14.3
111
.493
.0328
34.4
14123
1.000
17.7
14.0
16.6
15.1
3982
287
136
13.8
112
.510
.0339
35 .7
14448
1.000
18 . 6
14.7
17.5
15.8
3715
266
129
13.6
112
.525
.0344
35.1
13882
1. 000
18.7
14.9
17.4
15.9
3655
252
124
13.9
110
.532
.0335
34 .7
11306
1. 000
22.5
17.6
21.5
19.2
3228
198
104
14 .3
107
.574
. 0320
36.6
10554
1. 000
24.1
18.8
23.0
20.5
3202
193
102
14.4
107
.580
. 0318
38.9
9732
1. 000
24.7
19.2
23.9
21.1
3202
188
103
14.4
107
.593
. 0320
40.0
10302
1. 000
24.6
19.0
23.9
21.0
3257
193
107
14.1
108
.599
. 0327
40.5
14020
1.000
24 . 6
19.1
24.0
21.0
3262
190
109
14.0
109
. 618
. 0332
40.7
14460
1.000
25.0
19.3
24.4
21.3
3271
189
114
13.5
110
. 650
.0347
41.4
15365
1.000
25 .7
19.8
25.0
21.8
3238
180
114
13.4
111
. 678
.0351
42.0
14865
1.000
25.9
19.8
25 .3
22.0
3221
175
118
13.1
112
.710
.0361
42.1
15295
1. 000
25.9
19. 6
25 .2
21.9
3283
180
123
12.8
114
.726
. 0372
42.9
14453
1. 000
25.4
19.1
24.8
21.4
3351
185
129
12.5
115
.743
. 0382
43.0
12615
1. 000
25.2
18 .7
24. 6
21.2
3426
185
135
12.2
117
.781
. 0394
43.5
12573
1.000
25.4
18.8
24.7
21.2
3410
184
138
12.1
118
.796
. 0402
43.6
12172
1.000
24.9
18.2
24.4
20.8
3512
191
145
11.8
120
.807
.0413
44.1
13211
1.000
25.1
18.2
24.4
20.9
3519
191
147
11.8
120
. 809
. 0416
44.5
14125
1.000
24 . 6
17. 8
23.8
20.4
3603
197
152
11.7
121
. 816
. 0420
44 . 6
15145
1.000
24.7
17.7
24.1
20.5
3613
196
158
11.3
123
.857
.0438
45 .2
13144
1.000
24.8
17. 6
24.0
20.4
3659
197
164
11.1
125
.878
.0447
45 . 6
14459
1.000
24.5
17.4
23.6
20.1
3727
199
169
11.0
126
.890
.0452
45.9
14458
1. 000
24.5
17.2
23.6
20.1
3744
199
171
10.9
126
.904
.0457
46.3
15218
1. 000
24.1
16.9
23.0
19.7
3835
203
179
10.7
128
. 921
. 0465
46.5
16574
1. 000
24.3
16.9
23.0
19.8
3821
200
181
10.6
129
. 942
. 0472
46.7
15610
1. 000
24.2
16.8
22.8
19.6
3879
201
187
10.5
130
. 968
. 0480
47.3
16119
1.000
24.1
16.6
22.5
19.4
3951
203
195
10.3
132
. 994
. 0493
47.9
15775
1.000
24.3
16.7
22.7
19.6
3999
204
199
10.2
133
1. 007
. 0496
49.0
15711
1.000
24.0
16.3
22.4
19.3
4111
212
211
9.9
135
1.026
.0511
49.7
15893
1.000
24.8
16.8
23.1
19.9
4059
205
209
9.9
135
1.049
.0512
50.9
15105
1.000
25 .2
17. 0
23.4
20.1
4067
204
213
9.8
137
1.073
.0522
51.7
15287
1.000
25.7
17.3
23.9
20.6
4094
204
218
9.7
137
1.094
.0526
53.4
16407
1. 000
26.0
17.5
24.2
20.8
4117
203
222
9.6
139
1.119
.0535
54.2
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
D-15
September 2008
-------
Table D-8 (Continued)
Percent of Light Vehicles:
MODEL
DRIVETRAIN
TRANSMISSION
FUEL
METERING
YEAR
FRONT
4WD
MANUAL
LOCK
CVT
GDI
PORT
TBI
DSL
1975
5.3
3.3
23.2
4.1
. 0
.2
1976
4.6
4.8
20.9
2.5
. 0
.2
1977
5.5
4.7
19.8
3.4
. 0
. 4
1978
7.4
6.6
23.0
5.2
3.9
.0
.9
1979
9.2
4.3
25.1
6.7
3.7
.1
2.0
1980
25.0
4.9
35.4
17.8
5.2
.8
4.3
1981
31.0
4.0
34.1
33.0
5.1
2.4
5.9
1982
37.0
4 . 6
32.8
47.8
5.8
8.0
5 . 6
1983
37.0
8.1
30.8
52.1
7.3
14.8
2.7
1984
42.1
8.2
28.4
52.8
11.9
18 .7
1.8
1985
47.8
9.3
26.5
54.5
18.2
24.8
. 9
1986
52. 6
9.3
29.8
53.5
32.5
25.7
. 4
1987
57.7
9.6
29.1
55.4
39.9
31.4
.3
1988
60. 0
10.5
27.6
62.2
50.6
34.3
. 1
1989
60.2
10.5
24.6
65.5
. 1
57.3
33.9
.1
1990
63. 8
10.1
22.2
71.2
.0
70.8
27.0
.1
1991
59.6
12.3
23.9
71.6
.0
70.6
28.7
.1
1992
58.4
11.2
20.7
74.8
.0
81.6
17.8
.1
1993
59.9
11.3
19.8
76.5
.0
85.0
14 . 6
1994
55 . 6
15 .2
19.5
77.6
87.7
12.1
.0
1995
57.6
16.2
17.9
80.7
91.6
8.4
. 0
1996
60.0
15 .7
15.1
83.5
.0
99.3
.7
. 1
1997
55.8
19.3
14.0
85.5
. 0
99.5
.5
. 1
1998
56.4
20.1
12.8
86.7
. 0
99. 8
. 1
. 1
1999
55.8
21.3
10.1
89.4
. 0
99.9
.1
.1
2000
55.5
20.2
9.7
89.5
.0
99.8
.0
.1
2001
53.8
21.9
9.0
90.2
.1
99.9
.1
2002
52 .7
25.0
8.1
91.3
.2
99.8
.2
2003
50.7
25.0
8.0
90.8
1.1
99. 8
.2
2004
47.7
29.8
6.8
91. 8
1.2
99. 9
. 1
2005
53.0
26.8
6.2
91. 4
2.3
99.7
.3
2006
51.9
25.8
6.5
90. 6
2.8
99. 6
. 4
2007
54.0
26.1
5.8
87.5
6.7
99.9
.1
2008
53.3
27.8
6.7
85 .5
7.8
2.3
97.6
.1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
D-16
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
46.8
23.5
29.8
45 . 6
24.2
30.3
43.7
23.7
32 .5
37.0
31.7
31.2
37.3
30.9
31.7
50.1
31.6
18 .3
46.6
33. 4
20.0
49.6
31.0
19.5
44.9
34.9
20.1
48.4
33. 4
18.2
46.5
33. 9
19.7
49.3
33.7
17.0
51.4
34.1
14 .5
50.0
32 .7
17.3
44.7
37.6
17.7
44.9
37.2
17.8
45 .3
39.4
15 .2
41.1
39.9
19.0
39.8
42.4
17. 8
38.8
41.0
20.1
64.4
. 8
34.8
0
6.1
38.8
41.9
19.3
60.7
1.3
38.0
0
7.0
35.2
46.0
18 .7
60. 4
1.6
37. 9
1
6.5
36.0
39.9
24.1
59.1
1.1
39.4
5
10.1
31.2
47.9
20.8
56.6
1.5
41.0
9
10.8
29.7
46.9
23.4
55 .2
1.2
42 . 6
1
0
15.0
.0
29.2
43.9
26.9
51.0
1.4
46.0
1
6
19. 6
. 0
30.4
39.4
30.2
46.7
1.3
50.5
1
5
25 .3
.2
28.5
39.8
31.7
44.5
1.4
52.5
1
6
30.6
.3
28.5
40.5
31.0
37.7
3.2
57.7
1
4
37.6
.5
25.4
41.1
33.5
34.4
3.9
61.1
6
45.8
1.1
23.7
43.1
33.2
28.3
4.4
67.1
2
55.4
1.5
25.4
40.5
34.1
28.8
2.8
68.4
0
57.2
2.2
24.2
42 . 6
33.2
22 . 6
2 . 6
74.8
0
57.7
2.5
23.6
42.1
34.3
September 2008
-------
Light-Duty Automotive Technology and
Appendix E
Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Size
This technical report does not necessarily represent final EPA decisions or
positions. It is intended to present technical analysis of issues using data
that are currently available. The purpose in the release of such reports is to
facilitate the exchange of technical information and to inform the public of
technical developments.
Fuel Economy Trends
1975 Through 2008
~
#
Compliance and Innovative Strategies Division
and
Transportation and Climate Division
Offce of T ransportation and Air Quality
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
NOTICE
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
EPA420-R-08-015
September 2008
-------
Table E-l
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Small Car
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
4088
.400
18 . 3
14 4
17 . 5
15. 6
3440
224
113
14 5
108
554
. 0323
27 . 2
1976
5041
.409
19. 9
15.7
18 8
17 . 0
3474
226
110
14 9
107
537
. 0313
29.6
1977
5481
. 388
20.7
16.3
19.5
17 . 6
3486
95
4
224
114
14 3
108
567
. 0324
31. 0
1769
2969
1978
4630
. 320
23.2
18 2
22 . 0
19.7
3029
90
9
177
100
14 2
107
625
. 0325
30.3
1901
2765
1979
4405
. 317
23.3
18 3
22 .1
19.8
2936
89
2
166
98
14 2
107
642
. 0327
29.5
1862
2639
1980
4825
.427
26.1
20.4
24 8
22 . 2
2717
90
0
137
86
14 5
104
658
. 0314
30.5
2077
2753
1981
4077
. 386
28 . 5
22 . 4
26. 9
24 . 2
2648
91
6
129
85
14 4
105
681
. 0319
32 . 5
2311
2988
1982
4039
.415
29.1
22 . 6
28 1
24 . 8
2684
92
2
131
87
14 4
105
682
. 0319
33.7
2374
3121
1983
3718
. 361
29.4
22 . 8
28 6
25.1
2734
95
1
137
91
14 1
106
693
. 0329
34 . 8
24 94
3324
1984
5 6 6 6
.404
29.4
22 . 7
28 7
25.1
2776
95
2
140
95
13. 8
108
706
. 0340
35.3
247 9
3363
1985
5519
. 382
29.8
23.1
29.0
25. 4
2771
95
8
138
100
13.3
110
746
. 0357
35. 6
2528
3423
1986
6203
.404
30. 0
23.1
29.1
25.5
2791
96
7
137
101
13.3
110
754
. 0355
36. 0
2553
3483
1987
6453
.434
30.1
22 . 9
29.1
25. 4
2803
96
9
134
102
13.3
110
111
. 0356
35. 9
2534
3484
1988
6706
.438
30.5
23.1
29.3
25.7
2818
98
5
133
105
13.1
111
806
. 0366
36. 4
2597
3592
1989
5677
.393
30.2
22 . 8
29.0
25. 4
2841
98
3
131
108
12 . 8
112
844
. 0375
36.3
2558
3569
1990
4 999
.396
29.8
22 . 4
28 5
24 . 9
2897
97
6
131
116
12 . 2
115
906
. 0395
36. 4
2486
3550
1991
5032
.400
30. 0
22 . 3
28 8
25. 0
2885
97
6
131
117
12 .1
115
919
. 0401
36. 4
2506
3556
1992
4 4 4 0
. 365
30. 0
22 . 0
28 9
24 . 9
2921
97
9
134
123
11. 8
117
943
. 0416
36.7
2503
3591
1993
4537
. 343
30.5
22 . 2
29.3
25.3
2903
98
3
133
122
11. 8
117
933
. 0415
36. 9
2541
3628
1994
4720
. 334
30. 4
21. 9
29.3
25.1
2965
98
7
137
126
11. 7
118
943
. 0419
37 . 4
2537
3699
1995
5190
. 343
30.7
21. 9
29.7
25.3
2988
99
6
137
134
11. 2
121
1
002
. 0443
38 . 0
2575
3784
1996
4197
. 319
30. 8
21. 8
29.7
25.3
2977
99
9
136
134
11.1
121
1
008
.0446
37 . 8
2573
3775
1997
4 4 43
. 307
30. 9
21. 7
29.6
25.2
2977
99
2
133
133
11. 2
121
1
016
. 0442
37 . 7
2543
3739
1998
3842
.266
30. 9
21. 5
29.7
25.2
3013
98
8
137
138
11. 0
122
1
028
. 0452
38 .1
2540
3771
1999
3919
. 258
30.3
21. 0
28 9
24 . 6
3085
98
9
141
143
10. 9
124
1
036
. 0459
38 . 0
2477
3769
2000
4266
. 257
30.3
20. 9
28 7
24 . 5
3079
99
4
139
144
10. 9
124
1
052
. 0461
37 . 9
2482
3772
2001
4065
.260
30.7
21.1
28 9
24 . 7
3101
99
2
140
149
10.6
126
1
080
. 0475
38 . 7
2520
3844
2002
3801
. 236
30.7
20. 9
28 7
24 . 6
3125
98
9
141
153
10.6
127
1
098
. 0482
38 . 8
2504
3841
2003
3698
. 234
30. 6
20.7
28 4
24 . 4
3179
98
6
144
160
10.3
129
1
122
. 04 96
39.2
24 91
3877
2004
3275
.208
30.5
20.4
28 4
24 . 3
3192
99
0
146
165
10.1
130
1
145
. 0510
39.1
2480
3883
2005
3185
.200
31.1
20.7
28 6
24 . 6
3163
99
1
144
165
10.0
131
1
166
. 0512
39.2
2518
3903
2006
3196
. 212
31.1
20.6
28 8
24 . 6
3255
98
8
151
176
9.8
133
1
181
. 0530
40.6
2521
4031
2007
3143
.206
31. 7
21. 0
29.2
25.1
3227
99
0
147
173
9.8
133
1
191
. 0526
40.8
2565
4056
2008
3175
.194
31. 6
21. 0
29.3
25. 0
3267
97
0
148
180
9.7
135
1
219
. 0539
41 3
2517
4026
Percent of Small Car:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID
1975
10
0
33. 9
9
4
5
1976
8
8
29.2
5
0
5
1977
11
0
30.3
7
5
9
1978
19
9
42 . 6
5.2
10
3
1
5
1979
24
4
48.5
9
4
2
2
1980
37
8
1
. 1
52 . 8
4 .1
11
1
3
7
1981
48
1
. 7
54 . 0
7 . 8
12
2
5
1
1982
56
2
. 7
50. 8
26.7
13
0
6 . 6
4
0
1983
61
6
1
. 0
48.6
33.7
18
9
16.1
2
4
1984
63
2
. 6
41.1
37 . 6
25
4
20.2
2
2
1985
70
9
. 2
39.8
37 . 8
28
0
27 . 6
1
4
1986
74
5
. 5
40.0
41 . 7
36
7
25. 9
4
91
7
5.6
2 . 7
1987
80
7
. 4
38 . 7
44.7
37
2
29.1
2
77
0
14 . 8
8 . 2
1988
85
2
. 5
36. 0
51 . 6
45
5
33.1
0
71
2
13.1
15.7
1989
86
3
1
. 0
33. 8
51. 8
2
52
1
32 . 6
1
60
9
18 1
21. 0
1990
89
0
. 6
31. 7
56. 9
1
69
9
28 . 3
1
48
5
7 . 5
44.0
1991
87
1
1
. 4
32 .1
59.0
1
72
2
27 . 5
2
48
9
8 . 4
42 . 7
3.0
1992
88
6
1
. 2
29.4
60.3
0
87
2
12 . 7
1
49
4
7 . 3
43.2
6.4
1993
90
2
1
. 0
30. 0
61. 2
0
89
7
10.3
49
7
5.6
44.7
6.5
1994
88
4
. 3
27 . 7
65.7
92
7
7 . 3
46
9
3.3
49.8
12 1
1995
86
1
1
. 0
26.8
70.4
98
3
1. 6
1
32
8
2 . 0
65.2
0
12 9
1996
89
6
1
. 0
24 . 4
73.1
0
97
9
2 .1
32
4
1. 8
65. 8
0
15.1
1997
89
6
1
. 0
22 . 7
76.0
1
98
5
1. 5
0
30
2
1. 9
67 . 7
2
15. 0
1998
86
1
1
. 2
22 .1
77 . 0
1
99
4
. 3
3
29
7
2 .1
67 . 5
7
20.1
1999
87
0
1
. 3
19.7
79.3
1
99
6
.2
2
31
7
3.2
64 . 3
8
18 . 5
2000
83
4
1
. 1
20.8
77 . 5
0
99
4
. 1
5
32
7
2 . 3
63. 4
1
6
25. 4
. 1
2001
82
3
2
. 4
20.4
77 . 8
5
99
4
6
27
4
2 . 3
6 6.9
3
4
37 5
. 1
2002
79
7
4
. 1
20.8
77 . 9
9
99
2
8
28
6
2 . 8
65.2
3
4
36.3
. 7
2003
77
7
4
. 2
20.0
78.0
1
9
99
4
6
16
8
2 . 6
77 . 2
3
3
42 . 5
1. 3
2004
76
4
5
. 6
19.1
79.1
1
7
99
5
5
15
6
1. 9
79.4
3
1
48.7
. 7
2005
77
7
4
. 9
18 . 2
80.2
1
5
99
5
5
13
6
3.5
81.1
1
8
55. 4
. 9
2006
74
0
4
. 6
18 . 4
7 9.7
1
8
98
6
1
4
12
6
3.3
83. 6
4
66.5
1 . 0
2007
76
7
4
. 9
17 . 9
77 . 1
5
0
100
0
10
8
2 . 2
87 . 0
1
63. 4
1 . 1
2008
74
3
5
. 7
19.0
76.3
4
6
6.0 94
0
6
7
2 . 3
90. 8
1
63.6
1. 2
EPA42 0
-
R-
08-015
E-
1
September
20C
-------
Table E-2
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Mid-size Car
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
1631
.160
13. 6
10.5
13.1
11. 6
4630
353
158
13. 9
115
447
. 0341
27 . 2
1976
1964
. 159
15.7
12 . 2
15.1
13. 4
4558
343
156
13. 8
114
454
. 0340
30.7
1977
2226
. 158
16.4
12 . 9
15.7
14 . 0
4473
112 . 9
332
151
13. 9
114
454
. 0337
31. 6
1601
3565
1978
3339
. 231
18 . 6
14 4
17 . 9
15. 8
3820
113. 0
292
135
13. 4
113
464
. 0353
30.3
1823
3422
1979
3211
. 231
19.1
15. 0
18 1
16.3
3710
113.1
272
128
13. 6
112
474
. 0345
30.3
1870
3425
1980
2987
.264
21. 6
16.8
21. 0
18 . 4
3362
113.2
228
113
13. 8
109
512
. 0336
31.1
2113
3523
1981
2902
. 275
22 . 9
17 . 8
22 . 3
19.6
3346
113. 9
220
107
14 2
108
509
. 0322
32 . 9
2255
3746
1982
2136
. 219
24 . 0
18 4
23. 8
20.5
3321
113. 9
211
107
14 2
108
529
. 0324
34 . 3
2377
3906
1983
2269
. 220
23. 9
18 4
23. 6
20.4
3316
113. 8
212
111
13. 8
109
544
. 0336
34 . 0
2363
3876
1984
2770
.198
24 .1
18 5
23. 9
20.6
3318
113.7
210
113
13. 6
110
563
. 0342
34 . 3
2373
3896
1985
2777
.192
24 . 9
19.0
24 9
21. 3
3318
113. 6
205
117
13.3
112
606
. 0354
35. 4
2453
4025
1986
2666
. 174
25. 9
19.6
25. 9
22 . 0
3241
113. 8
194
118
13. 0
113
640
. 0364
35. 8
2535
4074
1987
2252
. 152
26.0
19.5
26.0
22 .1
3247
113.7
188
123
12 . 7
114
684
. 0379
35. 9
2540
4087
1988
2113
. 138
26.7
19.7
27 .1
22 . 6
3293
113. 4
183
129
12 . 3
116
718
. 0389
37 . 3
2588
4230
1989
2591
.179
26.6
19.5
27 .1
22 . 5
3314
113. 6
181
131
12 . 2
117
735
. 0396
37 . 4
2574
4245
1990
2342
.186
26.2
19.0
26.8
22 .1
3450
113.7
187
140
12 . 0
119
758
. 0407
38 . 2
2528
4342
1991
2114
.168
26.0
18 8
26.5
21. 9
3412
113.5
191
146
11. 5
121
773
. 0428
37 . 4
24 97
4242
1992
2120
. 174
25. 8
18 4
26.3
21. 6
3515
113. 9
191
151
11. 5
122
801
. 0427
38 . 0
2471
4333
1993
2330
. 176
26.1
18 6
26.4
21. 8
3515
113. 9
192
153
11. 4
123
812
. 0434
38 . 4
24 97
4376
1994
2057
.146
25. 9
18 3
26.0
21. 5
3529
113.5
189
155
11. 4
123
827
. 0437
38 . 0
2457
4320
1995
2515
.166
26.1
18 2
26.5
21. 7
3546
114 . 3
189
166
10.7
127
889
. 0465
38 . 5
24 91
4402
1996
2359
.179
26.5
18 5
26.5
21. 9
3527
114 .1
181
162
10. 9
126
906
. 0459
38 . 6
2505
4407
1997
2399
.166
26.5
18 4
26.7
21. 9
3551
114 . 5
184
170
10.6
128
933
. 0476
39.0
2522
4464
1998
2967
.205
27 .1
18 7
26. 9
22 . 3
3534
114 . 0
177
169
10.5
128
965
. 0477
39.5
2552
4500
1999
3141
.206
27 .1
18 5
26.8
22 . 2
3540
114 . 0
175
170
10.5
128
984
. 0480
39.4
2538
4485
2000
2894
. 175
27 . 0
18 4
26.5
22 . 0
3550
113. 6
174
178
10.2
131
1
027
. 04 99
39.2
2512
4 4 47
2001
2480
. 159
27 . 2
18 5
26.5
22 .1
3566
113.7
175
180
10.1
132
1
034
. 0503
39.6
2529
4500
2002
2807
. 174
27 . 7
18 8
26.5
22 . 4
3549
114 . 8
177
185
9.8
134
1
055
. 0519
39.8
2581
4571
2003
2483
. 157
28 . 3
18 9
27 . 3
22 . 8
3567
114 . 6
174
189
9.7
135
1
096
. 0529
40.8
2628
4675
2004
2522
.161
28 . 7
19.0
27 . 5
23. 0
3577
114 . 0
174
190
9.7
135
1
100
. 0528
41 6
2667
4737
2005
2886
.182
29.8
19.7
28 2
23. 8
3544
114 . 5
168
185
9.8
133
1
096
. 0515
42 8
2793
4 900
2006
2413
.160
29.6
19.6
28 0
23. 6
3568
114 . 0
169
191
9.6
135
1
137
. 0531
42 8
2759
4874
2007
3084
.202
31. 2
20.6
29.1
24 . 7
3586
113. 8
166
191
9.6
135
1
139
. 0524
45.3
2914
5157
2008
2911
. 177
31. 5
20. 9
29.1
24 . 9
3588
113. 8
166
192
9.6
135
1
144
. 0524
45.8
294 9
5210
Percent of Mid-size Car:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID
1975
2 . 7
. 6
7
1976
2 . 5
. 4
6
1977
2 .1
. 3
7
1978
1. 4
1 . 7
11. l
1
4
1979
5.2
1 . 9
21. 4
2
3
l
4
1980
30.2
7 . 8
25.3
1
0
1. 5
2
5
1981
32 . 3
5.6
52 . 2
1
2 . 3
4
0
1982
44.7
2 . 0
82 . 6
2
15. 4
3
8
1983
48.9
1. 2
80.0
5
17 . 2
1
7
1984
55.1
. 9
82 . 0
3
8
25. 6
1
0
1985
61. 9
1. 3
77 . 6
13
0
37 .1
3
1986
71. 0
. l
1. 8
76.4
25
4
42 . 3
2
100. 0
1987
77 . 3
. 2
1. 5
77 . 6
40
7
43.4
4
100. 0
1988
87 . 0
. 1
3.8
91 . 1
6 6
9
28 . 0
93. 4
6
5
. 1
1989
86.5
. 1
4 . 7
91 . 7
78
3
21. 0
94 . 3
4
9
. 8
1990
85.2
. 2
3. 9
93. 9
86
6
13.3
0
90. 6
4
3
5.1
2 . 3
1991
87 . 2
. 1
3.6
94 . 5
88
7
11. 2
1
89.7
4
9
5.3
2 . 7
1992
79.1
. 1
2 . 7
9 6.6
94
7
5.3
77 . 0
1
6
21. 4
3.6
1993
85. 4
. 2
2 . 3
97 . 2
95
6
4 . 4
72 . 7
27 . 3
4 . 0
1994
84 . 7
2 . 0
97 . 7
96
0
4 . 0
68 . 1
31. 9
3. 9
1995
79.6
2 . 7
97 . 2
98
9
1.1
61. 5
38 . 5
8 . 9
1996
91. 9
4 . 3
94 . 9
99
7
3
52 . 6
47 . 4
11. 0
1997
90. 6
. 1
2 . 5
97 . 5
99
8
2
50.1
49.9
10.1
1998
95.2
. 5
3.0
97 . 0
99
9
1
44.5
1
2
53.1
1.3 22.0
1999
95.2
. 7
3.3
96.3
99
8
2
36.1
1
4
59.7
2.7 20.9
2000
92 . 3
. 9
3.5
95.7
100
0
25.1
1
4
71.1
2.4 29.4
2001
93. 0 1
. 2
3.1
96.1
100
0
28 . 2
1
8
6 6.6
3.4 25.3
2002
94 . 2
. 8
2 . 6
97 . 1 .1
100
0
21. 4
9
74.7
3.0 45.0
2003
91. 7
. 6
2 . 8
97 . 0 .1
100
0
21. 9
2
5
72 . 1
3.6 55.3
2004
91. 7 1
. 0
3.2
94.2 1.9
99
9
1
16.2
1
6
80.0
2.2 54.7
1. 9
2005
91. 4 1
. 9
3.2
92.4 4.2
99
6
4
13. 6
1
1
84 . 6
.7 68.5
4 . 9
2006
89.4 3
. 0
3.7
92.5 3.7
99
8
2
12 . 5
2
87 . 2
.2 78.5
3.8
2007
89.4 3
. 6
2 . 7
77.6 19.8
99
7
3
7 . 3
92 . 7
79.3
7 . 8
2008
86.4 6
. 4
4 . 5
69.0 26.5
2.0 97
8
1
7 . 9
92 .1
73.0
9.6
EPA420-
R-
08-015
E-
2
September
20C
-------
Table E-3
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Large Car
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
1555
. 152
13.1
10.2
12 . 6
11. 2
5142
409
180
13.5
117
439
. 0348
28 9
1976
1679
. 136
14 . 2
11.1
13.5
12 .1
5156
410
180
13. 4
117
440
. 0349
31.1
1977
2319
.164
15. 9
12 . 4
15.2
13.5
4482
128 .1
366
165
12 . 8
118
453
. 0370
30. 4
1759
3895
1978
2048
.142
16.8
13. 0
16.3
14 . 3
4394
128 . 5
357
162
12 . 8
118
457
. 0370
31. 7
1869
4071
1979
2111
. 152
17 . 4
13.7
16.5
14 . 8
4210
130. 0
339
154
12 . 9
116
454
. 0365
31. 3
1940
4073
1980
963
. 085
19.1
14 7
18 8
16.3
4130
130. 9
314
137
14 0
112
440
. 0331
34 . 0
2156
4 4 4 8
1981
956
.091
20.4
15. 4
20.8
17 . 4
4108
131. 0
304
133
14 3
111
444
. 0325
36. 4
2318
4762
1982
832
. 085
20.7
15. 6
21. 0
17 . 7
4034
131. 0
292
135
13. 9
112
468
. 0337
36. 0
2333
4715
1983
1079
.105
20.2
15.2
20.6
17 . 3
4041
131. 3
292
140
13. 4
113
481
. 0347
35. 0
2272
4590
1984
1236
. 088
20.5
15.5
21. 0
17 . 5
4022
130. 9
294
140
13. 4
114
478
. 0349
35.3
2298
4622
1985
1512
.105
22 . 3
16.6
23.3
19.1
3841
129.3
279
143
12 . 7
116
512
. 0371
36.7
2470
4743
1986
1267
. 082
23. 9
17 . 6
25. 4
20.4
3719
127 . 4
260
147
12 .1
119
577
. 0396
38 . 0
2610
4845
1987
1218
. 082
23. 9
17 . 4
25. 4
20.3
3696
127 . 0
259
149
11. 8
120
587
. 0405
37 . 6
2588
4774
1988
1303
. 085
24 . 2
17 . 6
25. 6
20.6
3730
128 .1
262
150
11. 9
120
587
. 0405
38 . 4
2644
4 923
1989
1289
. 089
24 . 0
17 . 3
25.3
20.4
3721
127 . 4
261
158
11. 4
122
619
. 0427
37 . 9
2598
4829
1990
1092
. 087
23.7
16. 9
25.1
20.0
3799
126.7
258
161
11. 4
123
639
. 0427
38 . 0
2542
4819
1991
1012
. 080
23. 6
16.8
24 8
19. 9
3893
129. 0
264
178
10.7
127
685
. 0459
38 . 8
2575
5011
1992
1240
.102
23. 8
16.8
25. 0
20.0
3872
129. 6
262
185
10.4
130
715
. 0480
38 . 8
2601
5032
1993
1103
. 084
24 . 2
17 . 0
25.2
20.3
3831
128 . 9
256
181
10.5
129
720
. 0473
38 . 9
2627
5024
1994
1277
.090
24 .1
16.8
24 9
20.1
3859
128 . 3
248
188
10.2
131
766
. 0487
38 . 8
2587
4 986
1995
1305
. 086
24 . 4
16. 9
25. 4
20.4
3830
127 . 9
248
206
9.4
138
845
. 0539
39.1
2618
5003
1996
1066
. 081
24 . 3
16.7
25.3
20.3
3894
128 .1
250
217
9.2
140
879
. 0557
39.5
2601
5058
1997
1195
. 083
24 . 5
16.8
25. 4
20.4
3821
127 . 4
242
216
9.1
141
903
. 0567
39.0
2606
4 968
1998
912
. 063
24 . 6
16.8
25.2
20.4
3784
127 . 4
240
218
8 . 9
142
922
. 0575
38 . 5
2601
4 909
1999
1059
. 070
24 . 8
16.8
25.2
20.5
3854
127 . 0
235
222
8 . 9
143
971
. 0576
39.5
2608
5014
2000
1665
.100
25. 6
17 . 3
25.7
21. 0
3782
124 . 9
221
215
9.2
141
980
. 0564
39.7
2627
4958
2001
1416
.091
25. 4
17 . 1
25.5
20.8
3774
124 . 8
221
204
9.5
137
932
. 0538
39.3
2607
4912
2002
1252
. 078
26.0
17 . 4
25.7
21. 2
3767
124 . 0
218
209
9.3
139
975
. 0554
39. 9
2637
4951
2003
1261
. 080
26.0
17 . 3
25. 6
21.1
3841
124 . 8
224
208
9.5
138
929
. 0538
40.6
2648
5068
2004
1185
. 075
26.0
17 . 2
25. 6
21.1
3858
124 . 7
225
211
9.4
139
944
. 0546
40.6
2642
5073
2005
1234
. 078
26.4
17 . 4
25.5
21. 2
3933
125. 0
225
216
9.5
139
964
. 0545
41. 8
2670
5230
2006
1570
.104
26.0
17 . 1
25.2
20. 9
4014
124 . 7
229
238
8 . 9
145
1
045
. 0589
42 . 2
2630
5263
2007
1162
. 076
26.1
17 . 1
25. 4
21. 0
4022
123.7
227
234
9.1
144
1
035
. 0578
42 . 5
2628
5262
2008
1646
.100
26.8
17 . 5
26.3
21. 6
3980
123. 4
221
241
8 . 7
147
1
109
. 0602
43.3
2703
5343
Percent of Large Car:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID
1975
1
5
. 0
1976
1
5
. 0
1. 2
1977
1
5
. 5
1978
1
1
2
5
. 2
1 4
1979
6
5
. 2
3.5
1980
41
6
2 . 0
10.4
1981
89
8
17 .1
15.2
1982
93
1
20.1
10.0
1983
99
9
37 . 3
2 4
1984
99
9
39.0
8
1985
31
9
100
0
19.1
44.9
3
1986
55
9
. 7
99
2
65. 4
i—1
(jn
CD
99
3
7
1987
60
9
. 5
99
5
6 9.9
15.2
98
9
1
1
1988
58
7
. 4
99
6
76. 9
12 . 6
98
9
1
1
1989
61
9
. 3
99
7
74.8
22 . 2
99
2
8
1990
69
0
. 2
99
8
92 . 9
6.0
99
5
5
1991
59
8
. 4
99
6
83.3
16.7
99
1
9
1992
58
5
. 3
98
5
89.2
10.7
1
98
1
1
9
7
1993
64
8
. 4
98
2
89.7
10.3
92
0
8
0
9
1994
69
2
. 2
99
0
9 9.9
1
82
9
17
1
5
1995
71
3
. 2
98
3
100. 0
0
76
5
23
5
7
1996
67
7
. 1
99
3
100. 0
61
6
38
4
1
2
1997
72
4
. 4
99
6
100. 0
64
4
35
6
1
8
1998
74
2
. 1
99
9
100. 0
60
2
39
8
2
5
1999
72
5
100
0
100. 0
49
7
50
3
1
8
2000
80
9 . 0
100
0
100. 0
60
2
1
2
38
6
. 0
7
2
2001
79
3 .1
100
0
100. 0
64
0
2
3
33
6
. 1
9
1
2002
86
6 . 0
100
0
100. 0
62
8
2
1
35
0
. 0
6
9
2003
77
1 .3
100
0
100. 0
72
7
1
7
25
5
. 0
8
9
2004
77
1 1.3
100
0
100. 0
65
9
1
4
31
9
. 8
10
6
2005
68
6 3.8
96
7
3.2
100. 0
64
4
9
34
4
. 4
8
8
2006
62
7 3.8
. 1
96
8
3.0
100. 0
48
6
9
50
2
. 3
29
2
2007
70
8 3.9
. 1
98
7
1.1
100. 0
52
9
4
46
8
49
8
2008
71
6 3.7
. 8
99
1
. 0 100.0
28
5
2
71
3
57
4
E PA4 20-R-08-015
E-3
September 2008
-------
Table E-4 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Small Wagon
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
477
. 047
22 . 4
17 . 4
21. 6
19.1
2833
128
87
i—1
CD
104
713
. 0307
27 . 3
1976
345
. 028
23. 9
18 7
22 . 9
20.4
2902
136
86
15.2
103
668
. 0297
29.8
1977
384
. 027
25.5
20.2
23. 8
21 . 7
2801
108 . 0
134
85
14 9
104
685
. 0305
30. 8
2404
3317
1978
361
. 025
24 . 3
19.2
22 . 9
20.7
2805
108 . 0
134
90
14 3
105
709
. 0319
29.5
2291
3176
1979
310
. 022
25.7
20.3
24 3
21. 9
2711
105.1
123
81
15.1
102
684
. 0295
29.8
2335
3135
1980
310
. 027
28 . 6
22 . 6
27 . 0
24 . 4
2591
108 . 2
113
75
15. 4
101
685
. 0289
32 . 0
2702
3463
1981
418
. 040
30. 0
23. 6
28 5
25. 6
2531
110. 6
108
79
14 4
103
755
. 0313
32 . 6
2858
3601
1982
382
. 039
30. 6
23. 9
29.4
26.1
2580
112 . 2
109
75
15.3
101
698
. 0289
33. 8
2951
3789
1983
531
. 052
32 . 2
25.3
30.5
27 . 4
2565
108 . 2
105
74
15.3
101
713
. 0289
35.3
2986
3817
1984
461
. 033
31. 9
24 9
30.7
27 . 2
2620
116.5
107
77
15.2
102
719
. 0294
35. 9
3206
4180
1985
496
. 034
32 . 5
25. 4
30. 9
27 . 7
2579
117 . 7
106
78
15. 0
102
727
. 0300
35. 9
3296
4227
1986
348
. 023
31. 0
24 2
29.2
26.3
2647
118 . 4
113
82
14 7
103
730
. 0308
35.1
3162
4150
1987
361
. 024
30.7
23. 8
28 9
25. 9
2795
120. 0
116
91
14 2
106
788
. 0324
36.5
3152
4378
1988
253
. 017
31. 3
24 3
29.0
26.3
2757
118 . 7
113
93
13.7
107
829
. 0336
36. 4
3147
4317
1989
159
. 011
31. 5
24 2
29.4
26.4
2766
118 . 6
112
96
13.5
108
862
. 0344
36. 6
3154
4339
1990
160
. 013
29.6
22 . 4
27 . 7
24 . 7
3026
122 . 2
120
110
12 . 9
111
920
. 0361
37 . 4
3047
4577
1991
209
. 017
30. 6
22 . 8
28 9
25. 4
3005
123.3
120
106
13.3
110
880
. 0350
38 . 3
3174
4726
1992
143
. 012
30.2
22 . 3
28 6
25. 0
3076
123.7
122
123
12 . 4
116
1
017
. 0399
38 . 6
3133
4774
1993
301
. 023
32 . 5
23.7
31. 0
26. 9
2882
123. 0
118
99
13.5
108
842
. 0343
38 . 9
3342
4784
1994
206
. 015
32 . 9
23. 6
31. 7
27 .1
2908
122 . 9
121
103
13.3
110
848
. 0352
39.6
3381
4872
1995
198
. 013
33.3
23. 9
31. 8
27 . 3
2859
122 .1
118
100
13. 4
109
844
. 0348
39.2
3372
4782
1996
90
. 007
31. 6
22 . 5
30. 0
25. 8
2952
118 . 0
122
114
12 . 5
113
928
. 0382
38 . 2
3079
4507
1997
149
. 010
32 . 2
22 . 7
30. 8
26.3
2901
119.5
124
117
11. 8
116
943
. 0404
38 . 2
3173
4562
1998
98
. 007
32 .1
22 . 3
30.7
26.1
2874
116. 9
124
119
11. 7
117
959
. 0412
37 . 5
3079
4393
1999
78
. 005
31. 5
21. 8
30.1
25.5
2923
117 . 9
125
126
11. 3
119
1
004
. 0428
37 . 4
3046
4413
2000
68
. 004
29.2
20.0
28 2
23.7
3107
119.7
127
143
10.7
123
1
129
. 0459
36. 9
2860
4414
2001
212
. 014
27 . 3
19.0
25. 4
22 . 0
3470
119. 6
145
148
11. 3
121
1
022
. 0426
38 . 2
2639
4570
2002
236
. 015
26.1
18 0
24 4
21.1
3504
118 . 2
145
156
11. 0
124
1
085
. 0445
37 .1
2504
4384
2003
338
. 021
30.2
20.8
27 .1
23. 9
3262
115.2
127
146
11. 0
123
1
162
.0448
39.6
2812
4557
2004
300
. 019
31. 4
21. 6
27 . 7
24 . 7
3235
117 . 5
126
166
10.1
130
1
298
. 0506
40.1
2943
4719
2005
365
. 023
32 . 4
22 . 2
CO
C\]
25.3
3160
115. 9
122
156
10.4
127
1
268
. 0487
40.3
2984
4671
2006
493
. 033
31. 4
21. 3
27 . 8
24 . 6
3255
118 . 4
127
160
10.5
128
1
244
. 0486
40.1
2940
4755
2007
393
. 026
31. 6
21. 4
28 2
24 . 8
3267
111. 9
127
160
10.4
128
1
249
. 0485
40.7
2832
4571
2008
556
. 034
32 .1
21. 8
28 6
25.2
3294
114 . 6
129
164
10.3
129
1
258
. 04 92
41 7
2937
47 99
Percent of Small Wagon:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID
1975
13
3
48.6
8
1976
12
2
42 . 8
3
2
1977
23
3
52 . 9
6
4
6
1978
23
0
56.3
6
9
1979
13
3
12 1
59.3
1
0
1980
24
4
9.8
67 . 3
4 . 6
1
1
6.3
1981
57
9
8 0
62 . 0
8 .1
4
0
2 2
1982
68
3
8 9
54 . 0
19.4
4
8
. 7
1 2
1983
55
4
39.3
51. 0
23.7
3
7
17 . 0
3
1984
81
4
15. 6
43.7
39.2
5
1
32 . 2
1 6
1985
60
0
39.6
42 . 7
42 . 2
6
2
15. 4
5
1986
78
4
20.7
43.3
29.0
6
8
24 . 3
8
100. 0
1987
76
6
23. 4
34 . 4
41. 0
29
2
42 . 6
78.8
4 . 9
16.3
1988
80
2
19.8
37 . 8
34 . 6
30
6
62 . 8
80.5
. 6
18 . 9
1989
89
9
10.1
26.6
51. 8
41
0
48.8
59.8
3.2
36. 9
1990
68
3
31 7
30. 6
58 . 8
59
4
40.6
35.5
64 . 5
1991
79
1
20. 9
24 4
74.1
80
0
20.0
51. 4
48.6
1992
73
0
25.5
30. 9
68 . 2
95
3
4 . 7
54 . 7
45.3
1. 4
1993
83
2
16.2
28 9
70.6
95
8
4 . 2
73.5
26.5
. 5
1994
88
6
10.6
26.3
72 .1
97
8
2 . 2
79.2
20.8
3.5
1995
92
8
4 6
23. 8
76.2
100
0
74.3
25.7
4 . 5
1996
84
5
11 2
20.8
79.2
100
0
48.9
51.1
4 . 5
1997
82
9
14 . 4
19.6
80.4
100
0
59.3
40.7
3.0
1998
78
9
18 . 3
18 8
81. 2
100
0
50. 9
45.6
3
5
3.5
1999
71
8
22 8
20.1
77 . 6
100
0
36. 8
58 . 7
4
4
16.3
2000
71
5
17 9
15.2
78.0
100
0
. 8
95. 8
3
4
43.1
2001
92
6
5.1
14 9
84 . 5
100
0
2 . 6
95.2
2
2
4 .1
2002
82
0
14 . 9
19.6
79.8
99
1
9
4 . 7
1. 6
91. 5
2
2
2 . 2
2003
86
2
11 7
16.6
83. 4
98
0
2 0
3.8
1.1
93.2
1
9
48.3
2004
85
7
13. 4
15.7
84 . 3
98
8
1 2
2 . 5
. 9
95. 0
1
6
51. 5
2005
89
0
10.7
15.5
84 . 5
98
9
1 1
20. 9
. 6
77 . 9
6
60. 4
2006
90
8
8 8
11. 9
88 .1
100
0
10.4
89.6
1
55.5
2007
90
0
9.0
11. 0
89.0
100
0
8 . 3
91. 7
1
49.2
2008
90
0
9.8
22 . 6
77 . 4
4.4 95
6
100. 0
0
58 . 5
E PA4 20-R-08-015
E-4
September 2008
-------
Table E-5
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Mid-size Wagon
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY >
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
WGHT VOL
LB CU-FT
ENGINE
CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
HP/
CID
HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
1975
289
. 028
13.2
10
2
12 . 9
11. 3
47 91
361
162
13. 8
115
473
. 0338
27 . 4
1976
485
. 039
16.0
12
6
15.1
13. 6
4555
315
142
14 8
110
458
. 0311
31. 2
1977
548
. 039
16.3
12
9
15.3
13. 9
4410
143.6
297
135
15.1
109
459
. 0305
30.7
2015
4417
1978
503
. 035
18 . 6
14
6
17 . 6
15. 8
3836
140.0
258
123
14 4
109
484
. 0320
30.5
2240
4266
1979
482
. 035
19.1
15
2
17 . 9
16.3
3758
139.7
249
118
14 7
108
480
. 0313
30.7
2295
4293
1980
257
. 023
21.1
16
5
20.1
18 . 0
3534
139.7
228
107
15. 0
106
482
. 0304
31. 9
2542
4455
1981
272
. 026
23.1
18
1
21. 8
19.6
3285
136.2
193
103
14 5
107
562
. 0316
32 . 4
2714
4417
1982
284
. 029
23.7
18
5
22 . 6
20.2
3384
136.1
205
108
14 3
108
551
. 0320
34 . 3
2781
4 6 6 9
1983
276
. 027
24 . 4
19
1
23.3
20.8
3348
136.2
200
109
14 1
108
568
. 0325
35. 0
2869
4759
1984
365
. 026
25. 0
19
4
24 2
21. 3
3298
135. 9
172
107
14 1
108
633
. 0324
35.3
2922
47 93
1985
341
. 024
25.2
19
4
24 6
21. 5
3356
134 . 8
170
112
13. 9
109
679
. 0334
36.2
2909
4876
1986
409
. 027
26.0
19
8
25.7
22 .1
3355
137 . 8
162
115
13. 6
110
718
. 0342
37 .1
3055
5116
1987
359
. 024
25. 6
19
3
25. 6
21. 8
3434
140.2
173
125
13. 0
113
735
. 0363
37 . 4
3059
5245
1988
285
. 019
26.2
19
4
26.5
22 . 2
3378
139. 4
171
126
12 . 7
114
743
. 0372
37 . 7
3113
5249
1989
239
. 017
25. 6
18
8
25. 9
21. 7
3436
139. 9
176
132
12 . 4
116
765
. 0383
37 . 3
3038
5217
1990
184
. 015
25.3
18
3
25. 9
21. 3
3498
141. 6
181
139
12 . 0
118
782
. 0397
37 . 4
3030
5298
1991
122
. 010
25. 9
18
6
26.4
21. 8
3506
142 . 3
181
140
12 . 0
118
794
. 0401
38 . 3
3111
5451
1992
137
. 011
26.2
18
6
26. 9
21. 9
3503
142 . 6
188
143
11. 8
119
111
. 0408
38 . 5
3143
5502
1993
166
. 013
26.2
18
7
26.6
21. 9
3498
137 . 7
188
144
11. 7
120
790
. 0411
38 . 4
3028
5296
1994
138
. 010
26.0
18
4
26.4
21. 7
3532
137 . 4
180
151
11. 4
122
863
. 0428
38 . 4
2987
5273
1995
176
. 012
26.6
18
8
26.6
22 .1
3482
135. 9
167
148
11. 4
121
915
. 0426
38 . 5
3008
5235
1996
169
. 013
26.3
18
5
25. 8
21. 7
3661
136. 9
161
153
11. 6
122
965
. 0422
39.8
2982
5458
1997
149
. 010
26.3
18
5
25.5
21. 6
3 6 6 6
136.5
160
158
11. 3
123
1
001
. 0434
39.5
2948
5403
1998
153
. 011
26.2
18
5
25. 0
21. 4
3668
135.3
155
169
10.7
127
1
097
. 0461
39.3
2909
5327
1999
181
. 012
26.3
18
3
25. 4
21. 5
3691
136. 4
157
169
10.8
126
1
087
. 0457
39.7
2940
5419
2000
234
. 014
27 . 3
18
9
25.7
22 .1
3572
134 . 0
153
162
11. 0
125
1
060
. 0452
39.5
2982
5294
2001
236
. 015
26.6
18
5
24 8
21. 5
3775
133. 6
155
175
10.7
128
1
139
. 0463
40.7
2905
5433
2002
208
. 013
27 . 4
18
9
25. 4
22 . 0
3731
133. 6
152
172
10.7
127
1
136
. 0460
41 0
2953
5477
2003
171
. 011
27 . 2
18
6
25. 4
21. 9
3745
133.5
151
174
10.7
127
1
157
. 0463
40. 9
2936
5461
2004
158
. 010
26.4
17
9
24 7
21. 2
3860
135. 0
158
189
10.3
131
1
208
.0489
41 0
2877
5531
2005
238
. 015
26.0
17
4
24 4
20.8
3839
133.3
183
213
9.3
139
1
195
. 0547
40.0
2810
5338
2006
220
. 015
26.4
17
7
24 7
21.1
3827
135. 6
182
221
9.1
142
1
221
. 0570
40.4
2884
5481
2007
173
. 011
26.6
17
8
24 8
21. 2
3834
135.3
181
214
9.4
139
1
208
. 0550
40.8
2908
5519
2008
173
. 011
26.8
18
0
25.1
21. 4
3845
133.2
176
204
9.7
136
1
172
. 0524
41 3
2881
5497
Percent of Mid-size Wagon:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
FIVE
WT HYBRID
1975
4
0
7 . 6
2
1976
7
l
3.4
1
1977
4
6
3.5
3
1978
5
3
17
2
3.0
3
1979
5
3
9
1
2 . 5
2 5
1980
9
9
43
8
4 . 3
5. 9
1981
35
6
12
8
28
5
6. 9
5. 9
1982
28
2
7
4
62
6
5.7
6.3
1983
32
8
6
2
50
2
7 . 9
2 3
1984
69
9
5
4
62
5
10.4
20.3
2 5
1985
69
5
4 . 5
5
9
64
7
25.7
30.5
1 8
1986
82
2
2 .1
9
1
71
0
51. 3
28 . 0
2
100. 0
1987
83
9
. 1
4
4
83
6
71 7
22 . 8
8
100. 0
1988
87
7
. 7
3
8
87
2
70.2
29.8
100. 0
1989
77
5
8 . 2
7
1
80
7
87 . 7
12 . 3
99.0
1. 0
1990
81
1
. 4
1
7
87
9
98 . 5
1. 5
9 6.6
3.4
1991
79
6
1. 3
2
4
85
6
99.3
. 7
96. 4
3.6
1992
80
8
. 6
1
7
88
9
99.7
. 3
89.7
10.3
1993
87
0
. 6
1
8
91
2
100. 0
88 . 4
11. 6
1994
89
0
. 4
1
6
94
0
100. 0
79.9
20.1
6.2
1995
64
8
27 . 8
10
1
86
7
100. 0
49.2
50. 8
6.1
1996
61
0
39.0
12
9
87
1
99.2
8
36.5
63.5
6.8
1997
48
5
51. 5
13
4
86
6
9 9.9
1
32 . 4
67 . 6
4 . 8
1998
32
7
64 . 2
13
7
86
3
100.0
12 . 9
3.1
82 . 4
1. 6
8 . 9
1999
44
8
52 . 0
12
1
87
9
100.0
16. 9
3.2
69.8
10.1
10.6
2000
54
4
43.3
9
9
90
1
100.0
25.7
2 . 3
61. 3
10.6
19.8
2001
42
4
56.5
8
5
91
5
100.0
11. 4
2 . 4
74.0
12 . 2
39.1
2002
49
0
50.3
8
9
91
1
100.0
7 . 2
1. 9
80.0
10. 9
36.7
2003
46
9
52 . 7
8
9
90
8
100.0
7 . 0
. 7
74.1
18 . 2
30. 9
2004
40
3
58 . 2
7
3
92
7
99.4
6
5.0
3.7
76.5
14 . 9
48.6
2005
19
9
49.3
6
8
93
2
98 . 6
1 4
14 . 8
1. 0
79.8
4 . 4
31. 3
2006
19
7
44.1
4
8
95
2
100.0
5. 9
. 8
93.2
34 .1
2007
39
3
42 9
4
8
95
2
100.0
10.6
89.4
27 . 4
2008
33
3
51. 7
5
9
94
1
3.6 96.4
100. 0
23.1
EPA420-R-
08-015
E-
5
September
-------
Table E-6 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Large Wagon
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
197
. 019
11. 9
9.3
11. 6
10.2
5453
410
181
14 . 0
116
.441
. 0333
27 . 9
1976
207
. 017
13.5
10.6
12 . 9
11. 5
5444
416
185
13.7
117
.445
. 0340
31. 4
1977
340
. 024
15.5
12 . 2
14 . 6
13.2
4713
163.1
365
161
13. 6
115
.442
. 0342
31. 4
2185
5113
1978
293
. 020
15. 9
12 . 4
15. 4
13. 6
4664
162 . 4
354
162
13. 4
116
.460
. 0348
31. 8
2216
5161
1979
275
. 020
16.1
12 . 8
15.1
13.7
4466
162 . 5
333
155
13. 4
115
.465
. 0346
30.7
2240
4 9 9 6
1980
102
. 009
19.1
14 . 7
18 . 9
16.3
4423
161. 5
323
134
15.2
109
.418
. 0304
36. 9
2690
5953
1981
108
. 010
19. 9
15. 0
20.3
17 . 0
4394
161. 4
312
131
15.3
108
.424
. 0299
38 . 2
27 97
6154
1982
146
. 015
19.2
14 . 4
19.8
16.4
4396
161. 3
306
139
14 . 6
110
.456
. 0316
36.5
2677
5877
1983
130
. 013
19.6
14 . 7
20.2
16.7
4379
161. 6
307
142
14 .1
112
.465
. 0325
36. 8
2714
5940
1984
176
. 013
19. 9
14 . 9
20.5
17 . 0
4371
161. 7
305
144
13. 9
112
.472
. 0330
37 . 3
2760
6028
1985
145
. 010
20. 9
15. 6
21. 8
17 . 9
4354
161. 7
305
153
13.2
115
. 504
. 0354
39.0
2894
6299
1986
120
. 008
22 . 0
16.2
23.3
18 . 8
4381
161. 4
304
146
13. 9
113
.479
. 0334
41. 3
3040
6656
1987
88
. 006
22 .1
16.3
23.1
18 . 9
4348
161. 8
304
143
14 . 0
112
.470
. 0330
41. 0
3051
6634
1988
75
. 005
22 . 8
16.8
23. 4
19.4
434 9
161. 7
304
143
14 . 0
112
.470
. 0330
42 .1
3131
6807
1989
63
. 004
22 . 5
16.5
23. 0
19.0
4334
161. 8
304
143
13. 9
112
.471
. 0332
41. 2
3081
6671
1990
31
. 002
22 . 7
16.5
23.1
19.1
4337
161. 6
304
143
13. 9
112
.471
. 0332
41. 5
3092
6701
1991
34
. 003
22 . 9
16.3
24 . 2
19.4
4402
169.1
304
177
11. 9
122
. 581
. 0404
42 . 6
3273
7207
1992
27
. 002
22 . 7
15. 9
24 . 3
19.1
4500
170.3
338
177
12 .1
121
. 526
. 0394
43.1
3261
7337
1993
19
. 001
22 . 5
15. 6
24 . 3
19.0
4500
169.3
340
174
12 . 2
120
. 513
. 0386
42 . 7
3214
7231
1994
16
. 001
22 . 9
15. 9
24 .1
19.2
4500
169.2
350
250
9.1
144
.714
. 0556
43.3
3254
7321
1995
10
. 001
22 . 8
15. 8
23. 9
19.1
4500
169.3
350
250
9.1
144
.714
. 0556
43.0
3233
7274
1996
9
. 001
23.2
15. 9
24 . 5
19.4
4500
170.2
350
260
8 . 9
147
.743
. 0578
43.6
3298
7421
2004
98
. 006
22 . 0
14 . 9
20. 9
17 . 8
4769
165. 0
215
249
9.6
140
1.158
. 0524
42 . 4
2936
6 9 9 6
2005
118
. 007
22 . 2
14 . 9
21.1
17 . 9
47 91
165. 0
217
244
9.8
139
1.125
. 0510
42 . 9
2958
7078
2006
102
. 007
21. 9
14 . 8
20.7
17 . 7
4806
164 . 4
219
254
9.5
142
1.165
. 0531
42 . 4
2911
6 9 6 9
2007
74
. 005
21. 6
14 . 2
21. 5
17 . 6
4800
159.3
247
254
9.6
142
1. 031
. 0530
42 . 4
2826
6751
2008
74
. 005
22 . 0
14 . 6
21. 5
17 . 9
4851
159. 4
233
249
9.7
140
1. 074
. 0515
43.4
2856
6915
Percent of Large Wagon:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID
1975
1976
1977
1978
1
4
1979
1980
74.0
26
7
1981
100. 0
. 2
25
2
1982
100. 0
11
0
1983
100. 0
24 1
4
6
1984
100. 0
25. 8
1
5
1985
100. 0
29.2
4
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
46
1
53. 9
60
1
CO
57
8
42 . 2
58
9
41 . 1
53
7
42 . 1
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
23.7
30.3
30.2
33.1
32 . 7
19.5
80.5
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100
0
100. 0
100
0
100. 0
100
0
100. 0
100
0
100. 0
100
0
14 . 5
85.5
100
0
. 0
19.0
81. 0
14 . 5
99
4
.6 11.9
11. 7
76.4
5.3
99
4
.6 14.5
85.5
23.3
E PA4 20-R-08-015
E-6
September 2008
-------
Table E-7 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Small Van
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
2
. 000
20.6
16.2
19.6
17 . 5
3498
118
78
19.1
96
. 656
. 0224
30.7
1976
1
. 000
19. 9
15.1
20.1
17 . 0
3500
120
67
20. 9
92
. 558
. 0191
29.8
1977
2
. 000
22 . 2
17 . 2
21. 5
18 . 9
3500
120
67
20.8
92
. 558
. 0191
33.1
1978
3
. 000
20.0
15.7
19.1
17 . 0
3500
120
67
20. 9
92
. 558
. 0191
29.8
1979
8
. 001
18 . 7
14 8
17 . 6
16.0
3500
120
67
20. 9
92
. 558
. 0191
28 . 0
1980
16
. 001
19.0
14 7
18 6
16.2
3618
120
67
21. 4
91
. 558
. 0186
29.4
1981
11
. 001
18 . 5
14 6
17 . 4
15. 8
3644
120
67
21. 6
91
. 558
. 0185
28 . 7
1982
15
. 002
21. 7
17 . 7
19.4
18 . 4
3668
111
61
23. 4
89
. 550
. 0168
35. 6
1983
14
. 001
19.7
15. 6
18 4
16.8
3567
118
69
20. 9
92
. 583
. 0194
30.3
1984
83
. 006
25. 6
20.8
23. 0
21. 7
3313
120
87
16.6
100
.721
. 0265
36. 4
1985
93
. 006
25.5
20.7
23.1
21. 7
3270
121
88
16.2
101
.727
. 0272
35. 6
1986
102
. 007
25.7
20.6
23.1
21 . 7
3298
131
95
15.3
104
.728
. 0291
36. 0
1987
126
. 008
24 . 3
19.4
21. 9
20.5
3299
134
98
15. 0
105
.736
. 0301
34 . 0
1988
55
. 004
24 . 5
19.2
22 . 3
20.6
3402
134
100
15.1
105
.751
. 0297
35.2
1989
35
. 002
25. 0
19.8
22 . 4
20. 9
3390
130
98
15.3
104
.755
. 0293
35.5
1990
30
. 002
23. 9
18 5
21. 8
20.0
3554
140
120
14 . 0
111
. 855
. 0344
35. 6
1991
15
. 001
24 . 0
18 6
21. 5
19. 9
3402
124
95
15. 8
103
.761
. 0284
33. 8
1992
40
. 003
27 . 0
20.2
25.3
22 . 4
3217
129
115
13. 0
112
. 901
. 0358
36.1
1993
12
. 001
28 . 2
20. 9
26.4
23.3
3032
121
120
12 . 0
115
. 991
. 0396
35. 4
1994
11
. 001
27 . 0
19.7
25.7
22 . 3
3248
135
130
11. 9
117
.966
. 0402
36.3
1995
6
. 000
26.5
19.3
24 8
21. 8
3163
134
130
11. 7
118
. 967
. 0411
34 . 6
1996
2
. 000
26.2
18 8
24 9
21. 5
3416
142
134
12 .1
117
. 949
. 0394
36. 8
Percent of Small Van:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
WT HYBRID
1975
43.3
61.1
1976
84 . 8
100. 0
1977
89. 9
100. 0
1978
85. 0
100. 0
1979
81. 2
100. 0
1980
82 . 9
100. 0
1981
81. 2
100. 0
1982
89.0
61. 7
1983
4 . 2
76. 9
93. 6
1984
20.0
41. 9
50.1
54 . 4
25. 6
1985
18 . 7
3.2
40.8
53.3
57 . 7
20.5
1986
22 . 4
13.1
36. 4
60. 8
64 . 5
1987
20.5
17 . 0
30. 4
66. 8
65.1
18 .1
1988
21.1
16.0
28 . 4
68 . 6
81. 6
i—1
CD
1989
27 . 6
21. 3
30. 0
65. 4
99.7
. 3
1990
55. 8
22 . 8
20.8
55. 9
99.0
1. 0
1991
42 . 3
28 . 4
45.2
36.5
100. 0
1992
84 . 4
15. 6
26.8
73.2
100. 0
1993
98 . 5
1. 5
14 . 5
85.5
100. 0
1994
66.1
33. 9
14 .1
85. 9
100. 0
1995
27 . 3
72 . 7
18 . 8
81. 2
100. 0
1996
92 . 3
7 . 7
3.8
96.2
100. 0
38 . 3
6.4
2 . 4
42. 9 33.9 23.3
100. 0
100. 0
E PA4 20-R-08-015
E-7
September 2008
-------
Table E-8 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Mid-size Van
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
302
. 030
13.3
i—1
o
CD
11. 9
11. 3
4230
310
141
13. 9
112
454
. 0334
24 . 5
1976
308
. 025
14 .1
11 . 3
12 . 9
12 . 0
4277
317
143
14 0
112
449
. 0334
26.1
1977
313
. 022
14 . 3
11. 6
12 . 8
12 .1
4348
326
149
13. 6
114
456
. 0343
26.6
1978
399
. 028
13. 8
11. 3
12 . 2
11. 7
4345
327
152
13.3
115
465
. 0351
25. 9
1979
313
. 023
14 . 3
11. 8
12 . 5
12 .1
4506
320
137
15. 0
109
433
. 0305
27 . 6
1980
130
. 011
16. 9
13.5
15. 6
14 . 3
4230
288
136
14 3
111
475
. 0321
30.5
1981
138
. 013
17 . 9
14 3
16.5
15.2
4248
279
134
14 6
110
480
. 0315
32 . 4
1982
180
. 019
17 . 9
14 3
16.5
15.2
4266
284
139
14 3
111
485
. 0324
32 . 5
1983
230
. 022
18 . 7
14 8
17 . 4
15. 9
4396
294
141
14 5
111
480
. 0320
35.3
1984
420
. 030
19.2
15.1
18 1
16.3
4081
248
127
14 8
109
538
. 0309
33. 8
1985
600
. 041
19.8
15. 8
18 5
16. 9
3945
233
131
14 1
111
586
. 0330
33.7
1986
782
. 051
20.8
16.2
19.7
17 . 6
3964
224
129
14 3
110
595
. 0323
35.2
1987
848
. 057
21. 2
16.3
20.3
18 . 0
3959
226
146
12 . 9
116
671
. 0368
35. 8
1988
941
. 062
21. 8
16.6
21. 0
18 . 4
3974
223
148
12 . 7
117
691
. 0373
36.7
1989
1100
. 076
21. 8
16.5
20. 9
18 . 3
3980
218
146
12 . 9
116
700
. 0367
36.7
1990
1124
. 089
21. 8
16.3
21. 0
18 . 3
4033
219
148
12 . 9
116
693
. 0367
37 . 1
1991
943
. 075
21. 9
16.3
20. 9
18 . 3
407 9
214
148
13. 0
116
714
. 0363
37 . 5
1992
1088
. 089
21. 8
16.2
20. 9
18 . 2
4102
218
152
12 . 8
117
713
. 0369
37 . 5
1993
1323
.100
22 . 3
16.4
21. 5
18 . 6
4033
211
153
12 . 5
118
741
. 0380
37 . 5
1994
1295
.092
22 . 0
16.1
21. 0
18 . 2
4078
219
158
12 . 4
119
732
. 0386
37 . 3
1995
1552
.102
22 . 2
16.0
21. 4
18 . 4
4041
226
158
12 . 3
119
717
. 0390
37 . 3
1996
1298
.099
22 . 8
16.3
22 . 0
18 . 8
4115
211
168
11. 8
122
806
. 0410
38 . 8
1997
1126
. 078
22 . 6
16.1
21. 7
18 . 6
4132
210
168
11. 8
122
810
. 0407
38 . 5
1998
1357
.094
23.3
16.4
22 . 5
19.1
4090
209
176
11. 3
125
849
. 0431
39.2
1999
1292
. 085
23. 0
16.1
22 . 3
18 . 9
4199
213
177
11. 4
124
842
. 0422
39.7
2000
1522
.092
23.5
16.3
22 . 6
19.2
4197
208
178
11. 4
124
869
. 0426
40.3
2001
938
. 060
24 . 0
16.5
22 . 9
19.5
4267
206
190
11. 0
127
930
.0446
41. 7
2002
1131
. 070
23.7
16.3
22 . 6
19.2
4332
210
197
10.8
129
945
. 0456
41. 8
2003
1121
. 071
24 .1
16.4
22 . 9
19.5
4313
212
198
10.7
130
940
. 0461
42 .1
2004
893
. 057
24 .1
16.2
23.1
19.5
4431
214
212
10.4
133
999
. 047 9
43.2
2005
1425
.090
24 . 2
16.2
23. 0
19.5
4398
213
208
10.5
132
983
. 0473
42 . 9
2006
1096
. 073
24 . 7
16.4
23. 6
19. 9
4431
212
210
10.5
132
995
. 0474
44.0
2007
845
. 055
24 . 5
16.3
23.5
19.8
4432
217
224
9. 9
136
1
038
. 0506
43. 9
2008
862
. 053
24 . 7
16.5
23. 6
19. 9
4533
217
223
10.3
135
1
027
. 04 91
45.2
Percent of Mid-size Van:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID
1975
19.1
1976
17 . 6
1977
11. 8
1978
10.6
1979
13.5
10.4
1980
21. 9
71. 3
1981
. 6
16.0
81.1
1982
10.5
78.7
1983
9.1
77 . 2
7
1
1984
32 . 0
12 . 0
48.7
1
5
1985
40.4
6.1
45. 9
. 1
1. 0
4
1986
29.7
5.7
61. 5
10. 9
21. 7
2
1987
33.1
3. 9
70.6
36. 9
36. 8
1
1988
42 . 4
2 . 6
83.1
49.9
49.8
1
1989
39.0
1
2 . 3
80.2
52 . 0
47 . 9
1
1990
51. 0
6.8
1. 2
96.2
53.5
46.4
1
1991
41. 2
11 5
. 7
99.0
60.2
39.7
1
1992
47 . 8
5.6
. 8
98 . 3
68 . 6
31. 3
1
1993
53. 4
4 9
1.1
98 . 6
77 . 4
22 . 6
1994
56.7
6.8
. 4
98 . 7
79.6
20.4
9 6.6
2 . 0
1. 3
1995
65.5
9.4
99.5
86. 9
13.1
95.5
1.1
3.4
1996
80.0
2 5
99.5
100. 0
93. 9
1.1
5.0
1997
72 . 6
5.3
99.5
100. 0
92 . 9
1. 2
5. 9
1998
86.0
3.5
100. 0
100. 0
88 . 6
11. 4
1999
86.0
3.1
100. 0
100. 0
85. 9
14 .1
9.3
2000
89.5
3.0
100. 0
100. 0
76.0
24 . 0
16.7
2001
91. 0
3.3
100. 0
100. 0
70.4
29.6
22 . 3
2002
92 . 6
3.3
100. 0
100. 0
68 . 9
31.1
22 . 9
2003
91. 4
4 9
100. 0
100. 0
72 . 0
28 . 0
21. 5
2004
92 . 4
4 8
100. 0
100. 0
44.2
55. 8
49.2
2005
92 . 6
5.4
94.7 5.3
100. 0
60. 6
39.4
26.0
2006
95.5
4 5
95.0 5.0
100. 0
50.2
49.8
38 . 8
2007
97 . 2
2 8
96.1 3. 9
100. 0
47 . 2
52 . 8
48.9
2008
95.7
3.3
100. 0
100. 0
23. 8
76.2
45.4
E PA4 20-R-08-015
E-8
September 2008
-------
Table E-9 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Large Van
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
153
. 015
12 . 6
i—1
o
o
11. 7
10.7
4135
334
148
13.7
115
.434
. 0356
22 . 5
1976
192
. 016
13. 4
10.6
12 . 7
11 . 4
4081
335
151
13.3
117
.444
. 0370
23. 8
1977
199
. 014
15.5
12 . 5
14 1
13.2
4110
343
158
12 . 6
119
.459
. 0385
27 . 4
1978
224
. 015
15. 0
12 . 2
13. 6
12 . 8
4088
335
145
13.3
114
.430
. 0354
26.5
1979
159
. 011
12 .1
9.7
11.1
10.3
4665
336
163
13.5
116
.480
. 0348
24 . 3
1980
96
. 008
16.0
12 . 8
14 7
13. 6
4639
315
133
15.5
107
.421
. 0287
31. 9
1981
96
. 009
16.8
13.5
15.3
14 . 3
4513
310
128
15. 6
107
.414
. 0285
32 . 5
1982
115
. 012
16.1
13. 0
14 7
13.7
4548
314
131
15.5
107
.418
. 0289
31. 5
1983
138
. 013
16.2
12 . 9
15. 0
13. 8
4532
314
134
15.1
108
.429
. 0297
31. 5
1984
174
. 012
16.4
13. 0
15. 4
14 . 0
4421
314
143
14 4
111
.452
. 0322
31. 2
1985
162
. 011
16.1
12 . 7
15.1
13.7
44 91
312
146
14 3
112
.464
. 0325
30. 9
1986
160
. 010
17 . 6
13. 8
16.5
14 . 9
4610
306
142
14 9
110
.464
. 0308
34 . 6
1987
140
. 009
17 . 0
13.2
16.1
14 . 4
4659
309
155
13. 9
113
. 500
. 0332
33.7
1988
137
. 009
16. 9
13. 0
16.0
14 . 3
4858
309
156
14 3
113
. 502
. 0321
34 . 8
1989
142
. 010
16.8
12 . 9
15.7
14 .1
4821
309
155
14 3
113
. 501
. 0323
34 . 2
1990
107
. 009
16.5
12 . 6
15.7
13. 9
4 901
314
162
14 0
114
. 514
. 0331
34 .1
1991
76
. 006
16.7
12 . 6
15. 8
14 . 0
4 943
312
162
14 1
114
. 518
. 0329
34 . 7
1992
93
. 008
16. 9
12 . 6
16.2
14 . 2
5132
315
167
14 2
114
. 527
. 0326
36.5
1993
106
. 008
17 . 0
12 . 6
16.1
14 .1
5132
315
178
13.5
117
. 565
. 0348
36. 4
1994
112
. 008
17 . 0
12 . 5
16.3
14 . 2
5156
318
183
13.3
118
. 577
. 0357
36.5
1995
104
. 007
17 . 1
12 . 5
16.3
14 . 2
5185
314
178
13.7
117
. 567
. 0345
36. 8
1996
109
. 008
17 . 1
12 . 4
16.3
14 .1
5153
325
197
12 . 7
122
. 604
. 0384
36.5
1997
139
. 010
18 . 6
13.3
17 . 8
15.3
5121
300
221
11. 3
129
.740
. 0432
39.3
1998
132
. 009
18 . 3
13.1
17 . 6
15.1
5137
297
220
11. 3
129
.745
. 0430
38 . 9
1999
171
. 011
17 . 9
12 . 7
17 . 0
14 . 7
5124
297
223
11. 2
130
.756
. 0436
37 . 7
2000
170
. 010
18 . 0
12 . 8
16.8
14 . 7
4 988
296
221
11.1
130
.750
.0444
36.7
2001
294
. 019
17 . 7
12 . 5
16. 9
14 . 5
5322
303
239
10. 9
132
.791
. 0450
38 . 7
2002
112
. 007
17 . 9
12 . 7
16.5
14 . 6
5025
293
223
11. 0
130
.765
.0444
36.7
2003
111
. 007
18 . 7
13.2
17 . 0
15.1
5203
289
233
11. 0
132
. 811
. 0447
39.5
2004
60
. 004
19.4
13.5
17 . 9
15.7
5314
292
239
10. 9
132
. 817
. 0450
41. 6
2005
55
. 003
19.4
13. 4
17 . 7
15. 6
5241
288
234
11. 0
131
.808
. 0445
40.8
2006
70
. 005
19.4
13. 4
17 . 7
15. 6
5171
283
229
11.1
131
.806
. 0443
40.3
2007
32
. 002
19.8
13.7
18 2
15. 9
5236
284
230
11. 3
130
.801
. 0436
41. 7
2008
30
. 002
20.0
13. 9
18 1
16.0
5371
296
252
10.7
135
.843
. 0466
43.1
Percent of Large Van:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID
1975 31.4
1976 24.8
1977 17.4
1978 16.5
1979 13.9
1980 22.2 1.6
1981 23.5 2.6
1982 14.4 .4
1983 10.3 35.6
1984 11.2 35.8
1985 6.5 49.5
1986 4.8 52.8
1987 2.0 50.4
1988 1.5 52.5
1989 1.2 51.1
1990 75.3
1991 77.6
1992 83.7
1993 .2 80.9
1994 83.7
1995 1.7 .8 80.2
1996 85.1
1997 1.2 100.0
1998 100.0
1999 .6 100.0
2000 1.0 100.0
2001 25.8 100.0
2002 .7 100.0
2003 3.9 6.5 100.0
2004 7.3 100.0
2005 7.0 100.0
2006 5.7 100.0
2007 12.5 100.0
2008 20.1 100.0
47.7 1.2
82.8 1.4
94.7 4.5
95.0 5.0
94.5 5.5
95.0 5.0
97 . 2 2.8
97 . 3 2.7
98.1 1.9 100.0
94.5 5.5 100.0
100.0 100.0
100.0 100.0
100.0 100.0
100.0 100.0
100.0 100.0
100.0 100.0
100.0 99.3 .7
100.0 96.1 3.9
100.0 100.0
100.0 100.0
100.0 100.0
100.0 100.0
100.0 100.0
E PA4 20-R-08-015
E-9
September 2008
-------
Table E-10 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Small SUV
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
53
. 005
16.1
12
7
15.1
13.7
2897
273
118
11. 9
117
429
. 0416
i—1
CD
1976
60
. 005
15. 9
12
8
14 5
13.5
2980
273
108
12 . 7
112
397
. 0367
20.3
1977
72
. 005
17 . 0
13
7
15.5
14 . 5
3055
274
111
12 . 7
112
405
. 0367
22 . 2
1978
91
. 006
16. 9
13
5
15. 4
14 . 3
2986
275
109
12 . 6
112
398
. 0370
21. 4
1979
104
. 008
16.7
13
9
14 5
14 . 2
3192
261
117
12 . 7
113
463
. 0367
22 . 6
1980
60
. 005
18 . 8
15
3
17 . 0
16.0
3083
227
95
14 6
105
454
. 0306
24 . 9
1981
43
. 004
20.4
16
3
18 7
17 . 3
3054
224
102
13. 6
108
475
. 0335
26.7
1982
42
. 004
20.5
16
6
18 5
17 . 4
2922
207
97
13. 9
107
495
. 0331
25.5
1983
55
. 005
21. 4
17
4
19.1
18 .1
2830
210
100
13.3
109
505
. 0349
25. 6
1984
145
. 010
21. 6
17
3
19.8
18 . 3
3302
186
101
14 7
106
563
. 0308
30.3
1985
115
. 008
22 .1
17
2
21. 3
18 . 8
3438
167
98
15.5
103
596
. 0285
32 . 3
1986
177
. 012
23.7
18
5
22 . 3
20.1
3231
167
118
13. 0
112
734
. 0361
32 . 4
1987
254
. 017
24 . 2
18
9
22 . 6
20.4
3169
161
112
13. 4
110
723
. 0347
32 . 3
1988
288
. 019
24 . 2
18
8
22 . 4
20.4
3128
157
112
13.2
111
739
. 0351
31. 9
1989
228
. 016
22 . 8
17
7
21. 0
19.1
3443
171
120
13.3
111
731
. 0347
33. 0
1990
189
. 015
23. 4
18
1
21. 3
19.5
3329
162
115
13. 4
110
749
. 0345
32 . 6
1991
136
. 011
23. 6
18
7
20.5
19.5
3195
145
110
14 0
109
769
. 0339
31. 4
1992
129
. 011
23. 4
18
4
20.3
19.3
3087
146
117
13. 0
113
811
. 0373
30.2
1993
144
. 011
23.2
18
2
20.1
19.1
3113
150
121
12 . 8
114
814
. 0383
30. 0
1994
188
. 013
24 .1
18
6
20. 9
19.7
3049
139
115
12 . 9
113
842
. 0373
30.3
1995
189
. 013
24 . 2
18
6
20. 9
19.7
2965
138
117
12 . 4
115
864
. 0391
29.5
1996
120
. 009
28 . 5
21
3
25.1
23.1
2896
107
106
12 . 8
111
988
. 0365
33.5
1997
489
. 034
22 . 8
16
7
20.7
18 . 6
3473
182
152
11. 2
122
861
. 0434
32 . 4
1998
316
. 022
23. 8
17
5
21. 3
19.3
3474
162
154
11. 2
123
970
.0440
33. 9
1999
314
. 021
24 .1
17
7
21. 3
19.4
3522
157
148
11. 5
121
9 6 9
. 0418
34 . 6
2000
400
. 024
22 . 5
16
4
19. 9
18 .1
3742
171
154
11. 7
121
929
. 0411
34 . 2
2001
390
. 025
24 . 9
18
0
21. 6
19.8
3483
153
152
11.1
123
1
026
. 0437
35. 0
2002
354
. 022
24 . 7
17
7
21. 6
19.7
3528
156
157
10. 9
124
1
048
. 0447
35.3
2003
264
. 017
25.2
17
8
22 . 2
20.0
3498
161
160
10.7
125
1
040
. 0458
35. 4
2004
256
. 016
24 . 7
17
1
22 .1
19.6
3587
181
174
10.2
130
999
. 0488
35. 6
2005
215
. 014
24 . 3
16
9
21. 5
19.3
3521
178
173
10.1
130
1
009
. 04 92
34 . 8
2006
132
. 009
21. 5
15
0
19.2
17 . 2
3774
200
183
10.2
130
955
. 0485
33.5
2007
162
. 011
22 . 4
15
7
19.7
17 . 7
4048
209
186
10.6
129
917
. 0463
36.2
2008
143
. 009
22 . 9
15
9
20.5
18 . 2
4059
213
187
10.6
129
903
. 0464
37 . 2
Percent of Small SUV:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID
1975
88 .
. 3
100.
. 0
1976
85.
. 9
84 .
, 6
1977
79.
. 1
90.
. 1
1978
85.
. 5
86.
. 9
1979
87 .
. 3
77 .
. 5
1980
100.
. 0
88 .
, 6
1981
100.
. 0
90.
. 5
8 .
. 8
1982
74 .
. 2
67 .
. 4
6 .
. 8
1983
77 .
. 2
70.
. 5
6 .
, 6
1984
97 .
. 9
42 .
. 2
3.
. 2
1985
100.
. 0
55.
. 1
44 .
. 0
1986
100.
. 0
60.
. 2
37 .
. 4
62 .
. 3
1987
91 .
. 0
65.
. 3
25.
. 3
44 .
. 0
4 .
. 2
1988
86.
. 7
67 .
. 3
27 .
. 3
51.
. 7
2 .
. 3
1989
84 .
. 9
60.
. 4
31.
. 1
53.
. 9
26.
. 0
1990
85.
. 8
64 .
, 6
31.
, 6
48 .
. 2
36.
. 0
1991
65.
, 6
61.
. 0
33.
. 9
39.
. 3
59.
. 4
1992
62 .
, 6
6 6 .
. 5
28 .
. 8
49.
. 7
47 .
. 9
1993
6 6 .
. 4
63.
. 5
31.
. 0
57 .
. 3
40.
. 4
22 . 3
27 .1
29.2
30. 4
38 . 2
2 . 4
1. 4
1. 6
1994
67 .1
59.6
26. 9
63.9 36.1
90
6
9.4
1995
86.6
70.4
29.6
78.9 21.1
100
0
1996
14 . 9
65. 6
39.7
60.3
100. 0
100. 0
1997
6.2
78.3
41 6
53. 9
100. 0
52
7
47 . 3
1998
8 . 8
73.6
42 6
57 . 4
100. 0
28
6
71. 4
1999
8 . 7
79.0
35. 4
64 . 6
100. 0
38
1
61. 9
2000
5.4
67 . 2
27 .1
72 . 9
100. 0
62
9
37 . 1
2001
10.4
62 . 9
20.6
79.4
100. 0
46
7
53.3
2002
20.2
67 . 3
20.4
79.5 .1
100. 0
34
6
65. 4
2003
20.4
77 . 1
22 . 5
77.5 .0
100. 0
40
3
59.7
2004
15.5
80.7
23. 4
76.6
100. 0
33
2
6 6.8
2005
18 . 9
78.9
23.5
76.5
100. 0
33
0
67 . 0
2006
100. 0
35.1
64 . 9
100. 0
54
7
45.3
2007
92 .1
25.7
74.3
100. 0
72
9
27 .1
2008
88 . 8
27 . 6
72 . 4
100. 0
77
4
22 . 6
E PA4 20-R-08-015
E-10
September 2008
-------
Table E-ll Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Mid-size SUV
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
123
. 012
12 .1
9. 9
10.6
10.2
4724
349
156
14 0
113
445
. 0330
24 . 3
1976
168
. 014
13.3
10.7
12 . 0
11. 3
4730
354
150
14 5
112
422
. 0318
26.7
1977
194
. 014
14 . 6
11. 8
13.2
12 . 4
4610
349
153
13. 9
113
439
. 0334
28 . 7
1978
270
. 019
13. 8
11.1
12 . 7
11. 8
4653
358
160
13. 4
115
449
. 0345
27 . 4
1979
187
. 013
11. 9
9.7
10.5
10.1
4807
344
153
14 5
112
446
. 0318
24 . 3
1980
100
. 009
14 . 3
11. 5
13. 0
12 .1
4708
324
145
14 8
110
448
. 0308
28 . 9
1981
79
. 008
15. 6
12 . 4
14 5
13.3
4664
317
140
15. 0
109
445
. 0301
31. 3
1982
98
. 010
16.4
13.1
15.2
13. 9
4732
320
140
15.2
109
441
. 0297
34 . 2
1983
203
. 020
18 . 8
14 6
18 0
16.0
4312
250
126
15.3
107
537
. 0293
35. 4
1984
431
. 031
18 . 9
14 8
18 1
16.1
4092
226
123
15. 0
107
571
. 0299
33.7
1985
563
. 039
19.7
15.3
19.2
16.8
4011
212
122
14 9
108
602
. 0304
34 . 3
1986
538
. 035
19.7
15. 4
18 7
16.7
4006
204
126
14 4
109
653
. 0315
33. 9
1987
562
. 038
19.8
15.2
19.1
16.8
3975
216
141
13.3
114
679
. 0357
33. 6
1988
610
. 040
19.5
14 9
18 8
16.5
4017
234
152
12 . 6
118
675
. 0384
33.3
1989
624
. 043
19.5
14 9
18 6
16.5
4026
254
161
12 . 0
121
650
. 0406
33. 4
1990
447
. 035
19.1
14 4
18 4
16.1
407 9
243
162
12 .1
121
689
. 0404
32 . 9
1991
904
. 072
20.2
15.1
19.5
16. 9
4112
236
163
12 . 0
120
6 9 9
. 0399
35. 0
1992
799
. 066
19. 9
14 7
19.1
16.6
4106
233
170
11. 7
123
735
. 0418
34 .1
1993
1038
. 079
20.0
14 7
19.3
16.7
4115
242
183
11. 0
127
764
. 044 9
34 . 5
1994
1265
.090
19.8
14 5
18 8
16.4
4192
238
182
11. 2
126
772
. 0437
34 . 6
1995
1397
.092
19.6
14 3
18 7
16.3
4213
237
179
11. 4
125
766
. 0428
34 . 5
1996
1528
. 116
20.0
14 5
19.1
16.5
4196
249
182
11. 2
126
740
. 0438
34 . 9
1997
1401
.097
20.5
14 8
19.1
16.8
4220
235
178
11. 5
124
780
. 0425
35. 6
1998
1623
. 112
20.8
14 9
19.5
17 . 0
4151
236
178
11. 3
125
774
. 0431
35. 4
1999
1762
. 116
21. 0
15.1
19.4
17 . 1
4175
228
189
10.8
128
856
. 0454
35. 8
2000
1863
. 112
21. 0
14 9
19.4
17 . 0
4170
229
188
10. 9
128
846
. 0452
35. 6
2001
1944
. 125
21. 7
15.3
20.0
17 . 5
4110
214
194
10.5
131
936
. 0475
36.2
2002
1802
. 112
21. 8
15. 4
19. 9
17 . 6
4090
204
198
10.3
132
989
. 0486
36.1
2003
2093
. 133
22 . 4
15. 6
20.6
18 . 0
4131
205
200
10.3
132
995
. 0486
37 . 4
2004
2502
. 159
22 . 5
15.5
20.7
18 . 1
4179
214
209
10.0
134
994
. 0501
37 . 9
2005
2079
. 131
23. 0
15. 8
21. 0
18 . 4
4187
204
209
10.0
134
1
043
. 04 99
38 . 6
2006
2117
.140
23. 6
16.2
21. 4
18 . 8
4236
204
209
10.0
134
1
041
. 04 93
40.2
2007
2142
.140
24 . 7
17 . 0
22 . 2
19.6
4155
195
214
9. 9
136
1
114
. 0512
41. 0
2008
2701
. 165
25.2
17 . 3
22 . 6
20.0
4166
192
215
9.8
136
1
132
. 0513
41. 9
Percent of Mid-size SUV:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID
1975
88
4
18 3
1976
91
1
17 . 7
1977
89
5
17 . 8
1978
93
9
17 . 7
1979
90
3
19.1
1. 2
1980
95
8
22 . 4
29.7
2 9
1981
96
8
21 . 0
48.6
1982
93
0
19.8
45.0
13.5
1983
89
2
26.3
56.1
4 3
1984
86
9
28 2
50. 0
1 2
1985
81
4
25.1
59.4
5
0
2
0
8
1986
87
3
33. 8
57 .1
13
9
36
9
1 3
1987
85
5
27 . 6
63. 6
31
4
53
4
2
1988
87
1
21.1
70.2
50
8
46
1
1
1989
86
4
16.7
75.4
48
7
49
2
1
1990
89
8
19.6
75. 9
70
4
28
0
1
1991
79
6
17 . 3
81 . 7
64
9
34
6
0
1992
74
4
17 . 4
82 . 6
82
6
17
4
1993
57
9
11 . 6
88 . 4
99
4
6
1994
. 7
78
7
12 . 3
87 . 7
99
7
3
86.0
5.5
8 . 5
1995
. 0
79
4
10.3
89.7
100
0
80.3
19.7
1996
70
8
6.1
93. 9
100
0
88 . 8
11. 2
1997
68
5
5. 9
94 .1
100
0
75.8
24 . 2
1998
1. 2
71
6
4 . 7
95.3
100
0
80.3
19.7
1999
2 . 7
68
7
3.8
96.2
100
0
69.5
2 . 0
28 . 5
2000
3.1
69
1
2 . 8
97 . 2
100
0
69.7
30.3
2001
20.6
57
7
3.2
96. 8
100
0
54 . 2
45.8
2002
15. 8
62
2
4 . 6
95.1
1
100
0
36. 0
64 . 0
2003
18 9
63
1
2 . 9
95.2
1
9
100
0
36. 9
. 0
63.1
2004
19.4
65
7
2 . 7
94 . 0
3
3
100
0
38 . 8
61. 2
2005
24 1
64
4
2 . 5
9 6.9
6
99
6
4
25. 9
74.1
2006
26.3
60
5
2 . 2
93.1
4
7
99
7
3
27 . 7
1. 5
70. 9
2007
31. 6
58
6
2 . 0
92 . 4
5
6
99
9
1
16.7
83.3
2008
31. 9
58
7
2 .1
85. 0
12
9
2.0 97
6
4
15. 0
85. 0
5.2
4 . 8
13. 0
24 . 6
32 . 2
33.7
43.8
. 5
51. 6
4 . 7
65. 6
2 . 9
62 . 6
3.0
E PA4 20-R-08-015
E-ll
September 2008
-------
Table E-12 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Large SUV
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
11
. 001
12 . 2
i—1
o
o
10.7
10.3
4728
364
171
13. 0
118
.467
. 0361
24 . 5
1976
16
. 001
12 . 7
10.1
11. 6
10.8
4 904
373
166
13. 9
115
.440
. 0338
26.6
1977
17
. 001
13. 6
11 . 1
12 . 2
11. 6
4870
371
170
13. 6
116
.453
. 0348
28 . 6
1978
19
. 001
13.2
10.8
11. 7
11. 2
4953
373
168
13.5
116
.455
. 0342
27 . 9
1979
109
. 008
11.1
9.3
9.4
9.4
5260
375
152
15. 8
109
.403
. 0288
24 . 8
1980
23
. 002
14 . 3
11. 3
13. 4
12 . 2
5188
340
160
14 7
112
.471
. 0309
31. 8
1981
14
. 001
15.3
12 . 3
14 1
13. 0
5127
338
170
13. 9
115
. 502
. 0331
33. 4
1982
22
. 002
18 . 9
14 4
18 9
16.1
5410
344
146
16.5
107
.427
. 0273
45.0
1983
30
. 003
17 . 6
13. 6
17 .1
15. 0
5327
355
153
15. 8
109
.435
. 0290
41. 5
1984
49
. 003
16. 9
13. 0
16.5
14 . 4
5247
351
157
15.1
111
.450
. 0302
38 . 6
1985
57
. 004
16. 9
12 . 9
16.8
14 . 4
5248
350
161
14 9
112
.460
. 0308
38 . 4
1986
58
. 004
16.8
12 . 8
16.7
14 . 3
5227
350
162
14 7
112
.464
. 0311
37 . 9
1987
57
. 004
17 . 0
12 . 9
16.6
14 . 4
5501
350
205
12 . 7
122
. 587
. 0373
39.8
1988
69
. 005
16.6
12 . 6
16.2
14 . 0
5518
351
199
13. 0
120
. 568
. 0361
38 . 9
1989
74
. 005
16.7
12 . 4
16.6
14 .1
5716
351
208
12 . 9
121
.594
. 0365
40.5
1990
72
. 006
16.7
12 . 4
16.6
14 .1
5720
351
208
12 . 9
121
. 595
. 0365
40.4
1991
54
. 004
16.2
12 .1
15.7
13. 6
5570
328
197
13.3
119
. 603
. 0353
38 .1
1992
75
. 006
15.7
11. 6
15.2
13.1
5578
331
204
12 . 9
121
. 629
. 0365
36.7
1993
129
. 010
16.3
12 .1
15.7
13. 6
5652
345
210
12 . 6
122
. 612
. 0373
38 . 6
1994
169
. 012
16.4
12 . 2
15.5
13. 6
5628
343
210
12 . 6
122
. 616
. 0374
38 . 4
1995
230
. 015
16.6
12 . 2
15.7
13. 8
5576
347
206
12 . 7
122
.594
. 0370
38 . 4
1996
241
. 018
17 . 3
12 . 6
16.5
14 . 3
5534
344
247
10. 9
133
.719
. 0447
39.6
1997
560
. 039
17 . 5
12 . 6
16.8
14 . 5
5348
328
234
11.1
131
.714
. 0438
38 . 7
1998
642
. 044
17 . 4
12 . 4
16.7
14 . 3
5243
313
227
11. 2
130
.736
. 0434
37 . 6
1999
754
. 050
17 . 2
12 . 2
16.6
14 . 2
5290
323
239
10.8
133
.743
. 0455
37 . 6
2000
879
. 053
17 . 6
12 . 5
16.7
14 . 4
5395
312
246
10.7
134
. 7 97
. 0458
39.0
2001
1115
. 071
18 . 5
13.2
17 . 1
15.1
5158
283
244
10.4
135
.882
. 0475
38 . 9
2002
2034
. 126
19.1
13.3
18 0
15. 6
5050
277
253
10.0
139
. 918
. 0503
39.3
2003
1760
. 112
18 . 8
13. 0
17 . 6
15.3
5347
288
266
10.0
140
. 939
. 0501
40.7
2004
1955
. 124
18 . 9
13. 0
17 . 7
15.3
5352
289
274
9.8
142
. 965
. 0515
41. 0
2005
1790
. 113
19. 9
13. 6
18 6
16.1
5152
272
269
9.7
142
1. 001
. 0522
41. 4
2006
1508
.100
20.4
13. 9
19.1
16.4
5053
259
263
9.7
141
1. 028
. 0521
41. 5
2007
1970
. 129
20. 9
14 2
19.8
16. 9
5168
270
280
9.4
145
1. 052
. 0542
43.7
2008
2020
. 123
21. 2
14 3
20.2
17 . 2
5139
263
283
9.3
146
1.091
. 0551
44.2
Percent of Large SUV:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID
1975
13.5
13
4
1976
22 8
14
6
1977
18 . 4
13
9
1978
26. 9
19
3
1979
16.1
15
3
7
1980
30. 0
17
8
78
6
5. 9
1981
25. 4
3
1
96
9
1982
28 . 7
1
1
98
9
53.2
1983
30.5
9
99
1
35. 0
1984
30.2
1
0
99
0
19.3
1985
31 3
9
99
1
11 5
1986
32 8
6
99
4
8 3
1987
36.2
6
99
4
95. 6
4 4
1988
41. 0
5
99
5
9 6.9
3.1
1989
43.4
5
99
5
97 . 6
2 4
1990
42 . 8
3
99
7
97 . 8
2 2
1991
54 1
100
0
21. 2
76.3
2 5
1992
67 5
6
99
4
11. 2
88 . 8
1993
64 6
5
99
5
6.8
93.2
1994
67 0
4
99
6
10.3
89.7
90.5
9
5
1995
71. 9
2
99
8
4 .1
95. 9
96.1
3
9
1996
75 . 7
100
0
99.9
1
92 . 3
7
7
1997
73.4
100
0
100. 0
0
95. 6
4
4
1998
68 4
100
0
100. 0
0
91. 4
6.2
2
4
1999
53.1
100
0
100. 0
90.1
2 . 2
7
7
2000
62 9
100
0
100. 0
92 . 0
4 .1
4
0
. 6
2001
3.2
63.1
5
99
5
100. 0
73.8
3.6
22
6
11.1
2002
1. 9
64 5
1
99
9
100. 0
69.3
2 .1
28
6
23. 0
2003
1. 4
61 3
1
96
8
3.1
100. 0
57 .1
2 . 0
40
9
31. 5
2004
2 . 8
62 4
0
100
0
100. 0
0
CJi
i—1
CJI
1. 0
46
6
. 9
38 . 5
2005
8 . 7
63. 4
0
95
9
4 . 0
100. 0
46.0
7 . 7
45
9
. 4
48.3
2006
12 .1
64 4
2
94
6
5.2
100. 0
0
23.1
11.1
65
5
. 2
64 . 0
2007
15. 4
59.0
2
95
1
4 . 7
99.8
2
49.9
5.1
45
0
42 . 4
2008
20.2
58 1
3
99
3
. 4
2.1 97 . 5
4
39.1
3.1
57
8
52 . 9
E PA4 20-R-08-015
E-12
September 2008
-------
Table E-13 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Small Pickup
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
160
. 016
22 . 5
17 . 3
22 . 2
19.2
2756
118
96
13.3
108
814
. 0347
26.6
1976
173
. 014
23. 8
18 3
23. 4
20.3
2775
119
98
13.2
109
828
. 0353
28 . 3
1977
238
. 017
25.5
19. 9
24 5
21. 7
2768
120
97
13.2
109
807
. 0349
30.2
1978
264
. 018
25. 6
20.4
23. 6
21. 7
2799
119
92
13. 8
107
774
. 0331
30.5
1979
358
. 026
22 . 8
17 . 9
21. 6
19.4
2793
120
86
14 5
104
715
. 0308
27 . 5
1980
452
. 040
24 . 3
19.4
22 . 5
20.7
2790
122
88
14 2
105
724
. 0317
29.3
1981
369
. 035
28 . 2
22 . 5
26.0
23. 9
2819
130
85
15. 0
103
655
. 0302
34 . 4
1982
346
. 036
27 . 3
21. 9
25.1
23.2
2899
137
89
14 8
104
651
. 0309
34 . 4
1983
312
. 030
26. 9
21. 6
24 8
22 . 9
2976
142
96
14 0
106
679
. 0324
34 . 5
1984
423
. 030
26.1
20. 9
24 0
22 . 2
3035
142
97
14 1
106
684
. 0321
34 .1
1985
497
. 034
26.7
21. 4
24 5
22 . 7
3098
143
103
13. 6
108
718
. 0334
35. 4
1986
743
. 048
25. 9
20.5
24 0
21. 9
3141
145
105
13.5
109
726
. 0338
34 . 7
1987
441
. 030
26.0
20.3
24 1
21. 9
3135
147
107
13.3
110
732
. 0345
34 . 5
1988
340
. 022
25. 0
19.6
22 . 8
21. 0
3200
148
113
13. 0
111
758
. 0354
33.7
1989
354
. 025
23. 9
18 6
21. 8
20.0
3328
153
119
12 . 9
112
774
. 0360
33.5
1990
289
. 023
24 . 8
19.2
22 . 6
20.7
3293
153
129
12 . 0
116
844
. 0396
34 . 3
1991
309
. 025
25. 0
19.2
22 . 8
20.8
3324
152
128
12 .1
116
845
. 0389
34 . 7
1992
252
. 021
24 . 6
18 7
22 . 4
20.4
3321
152
126
12 . 3
115
828
. 0383
34 .1
1993
263
. 020
26.3
19.8
23. 8
21. 6
3232
147
123
12 . 3
115
835
. 0383
35.2
1994
358
. 025
24 . 9
18 7
22 . 6
20.5
3355
151
125
12 . 4
114
829
. 0377
34 . 5
1995
298
. 020
24 . 4
18 3
22 . 0
20.0
3385
157
138
11. 6
119
879
. 0411
33. 9
1996
221
. 017
24 . 6
18 3
22 . 0
20.1
3362
159
147
11. 0
122
926
. 0439
33.7
1997
131
. 009
24 . 9
18 5
22 .1
20.2
3349
146
134
11. 7
118
918
. 0405
33. 8
1998
260
. 018
24 . 5
18 0
21. 8
19.8
3462
160
151
11. 0
123
947
. 0439
34 . 4
1999
213
. 014
23.2
17 . 0
20.5
18 . 7
3600
173
160
10. 9
124
928
. 0445
33.7
2000
101
. 006
26.3
19.1
23. 0
21. 0
3307
148
143
11.1
121
9 6 6
. 0435
34 . 8
2001
81
. 005
26.5
19.2
22 . 9
21.1
3357
147
142
11. 3
121
967
. 0427
35. 4
2002
197
. 012
23.2
16.8
20.0
18 . 5
3735
177
164
11. 0
124
934
.0440
34 . 6
2003
194
. 012
23.2
16.6
20.4
18 . 5
3769
178
167
11. 0
125
945
. 0443
35. 0
2004
161
. 010
22 . 6
16.0
19.7
17 . 9
3796
184
171
10.8
126
933
. 0452
34 .1
2005
8
. 001
25. 8
17 . 6
23.5
20.5
4000
150
184
10.7
128
1
229
. 0461
41. 3
2006
7
. 000
26. 9
18 3
24 3
21. 3
3921
150
178
10.8
127
1
187
. 0455
42 . 0
Percent of Small Pickup:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
5
CO
9
<—i
9
3
9
CO
2
9
26.3
24 . 5
31. 6
30.7
30. 9
32 . 5
31. 7
29. 9
29.6
38 . 4
38 . 0
31. 5
34 . 7
36. 8
27 .1
39.5
37 . 8
36. 6
20.8
39.7
45.3
. 7
32 . 9
39.3
40.5
100. 0
100. 0
5
80
79
88
90.3
91. 2
94 . 8
92 . 3
90. 4
88 . 7
85. 0
85.1
81. 3
83.2
79.9
81. 5
79.6
80.8
81. 8
81. 4
73.2
69.2
79.6
62 . 9
46.4
48.5
49.2
30.5
28
24 . 7
20.6
21. 4
7
. 1
. 3
1. 6
3.2
6. 9
7 . 9
9. 9
8 . 5
14 .1
14 . 3
14 . 9
13.3
12 . 2
11. 5
20.0
18 . 7
20.4
22 . 9
42 . 4
30. 9
24 . 6
58 . 9
59. 9
60.7
79.4
78.6
4 . 6
13. 8
10.5
9.0
40.4
51.1
88 . 4
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
CO
CO
2
5
2 5
22
0
1 0
19
7
4
6
0
4
6
1
9
28 1
1
0
39.2
31. 4
34 . 9
87 . 3
6 9.9
12 . 7
40.2
100. 0
7 . 9
30.1
59.8
100. 0
92 .1
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
E-13
September 2008
-------
Table E-14
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Mid-size Pickup
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
56
. 005
21.1
i—1
CD
19.6
17 . 9
3000
109
67
i—1
CD
95
. 615
. 0223
26. 9
1976
54
. 004
22 . 9
18 1
21. 6
19.5
3000
109
65
18 9
94
.596
. 0217
29.7
1977
69
. 005
29.6
23.3
28 1
25.2
3000
124
72
17 . 5
96
. 581
. 0240
38 . 0
1978
75
. 005
29.3
23. 4
27 .1
24 . 9
3000
124
72
17 . 6
96
. 581
. 0239
37 . 7
1979
101
. 007
25. 9
20.6
24 1
22 . 0
2971
131
80
16.2
100
. 609
. 0270
33.3
1980
98
. 009
25. 9
20.5
24 1
22 . 0
2944
133
82
15.7
101
. 621
. 0282
32 . 9
1981
130
. 012
26.4
20.8
24 8
22 . 5
2909
131
84
15.2
102
. 641
. 0290
33.2
1982
315
. 032
26.7
20.8
25.7
22 . 7
2936
152
98
13. 8
108
. 648
. 0333
33. 6
1983
621
. 060
26.5
20.7
25. 4
22 . 6
3016
146
91
14 8
104
. 626
. 0303
34 . 3
1984
703
. 050
25.7
19. 9
24 8
21. 9
3093
148
92
14 9
104
. 626
. 0299
34 .1
1985
616
. 043
25.7
19. 9
25.1
21. 9
3064
154
97
14 2
106
. 637
. 0319
33. 9
1986
788
. 051
26.1
20.2
24 9
22 .1
3081
147
102
14 0
108
. 687
. 0329
34 . 3
1987
1052
. 071
25. 4
19.5
24 3
21. 5
3163
159
106
13. 8
109
. 672
. 0334
34 . 2
1988
1055
. 069
25.3
19.3
24 1
21. 3
3205
165
110
13. 6
110
. 670
. 0343
34 . 4
1989
887
. 061
24 . 8
18 9
23.5
20.8
3278
177
116
13.2
111
. 671
. 0353
34 . 4
1990
600
. 048
24 . 7
18 7
23.3
20.6
3338
175
120
13. 0
112
.697
. 0358
34 . 7
1991
873
. 069
24 . 6
18 4
23. 4
20.5
3352
190
125
12 . 7
114
. 674
. 0372
34 . 6
1992
716
. 059
23. 8
17 . 6
22 . 8
19.8
3493
195
131
12 . 7
115
. 685
. 0373
34 . 9
1993
743
. 056
23.7
17 . 4
22 . 6
19.7
3521
198
135
12 . 5
116
.694
. 0383
34 . 8
1994
1040
. 074
24 . 0
17 . 7
22 . 6
19. 9
3618
197
145
12 .1
118
.744
. 0398
36.3
1995
700
. 046
24 . 7
18 0
23.3
20.4
3631
190
141
12 . 3
117
.768
. 0387
37 . 5
1996
698
. 053
24 . 8
17 . 9
23. 4
20.4
3668
187
140
12 . 4
117
.775
. 0381
37 . 7
1997
690
. 048
24 . 2
17 . 4
22 . 7
19.8
3728
195
147
12 . 3
118
.769
. 0390
37 . 4
1998
829
. 057
23. 9
17 . 1
22 . 4
19.5
3713
191
146
12 . 2
118
.780
. 0390
36. 8
1999
761
. 050
22 . 5
16.0
21. 0
18 . 3
3761
200
149
12 .1
118
.762
. 0393
34 . 9
2000
766
. 046
22 . 8
16.2
21. 2
18 . 6
3740
192
148
12 . 2
119
.788
. 0395
35. 0
2001
545
. 035
21. 8
15. 4
20.2
17 . 7
3835
207
165
11. 5
123
.804
. 0427
34 .1
2002
466
. 029
21.1
14 8
19.4
17 . 0
4019
226
180
11. 0
127
.808
. 0447
34 . 5
2003
527
. 033
22 . 8
15. 9
21. 0
18 . 4
3850
196
157
11. 9
121
. 818
. 0407
35. 6
2004
378
. 024
21. 8
15.1
20.0
17 . 5
4070
219
192
10.6
130
.884
. 0470
35. 8
2005
216
. 014
23. 6
16.2
21. 5
18 . 8
3789
192
178
10.6
128
. 934
. 0469
35. 9
2006
274
. 018
24 .1
16.5
21. 8
19.2
3820
197
188
10.3
131
. 959
. 04 91
36. 8
2007
261
. 017
23. 4
16.2
21.1
18 . 7
3930
203
194
10.2
132
. 958
. 04 91
36. 9
2008
255
. 016
24 . 0
16.5
21. 5
19.0
3876
198
187
10.4
130
. 952
. 0482
37 . 2
Percent of Mid-size Pickup:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID
1975
CO
CO
1976
85.5
1977
91 . 8
1978
86. 9
1979
80.2
1980
83.7
1981
88 .1
1982
4 .1
68 . 7
28 . 8
2 .1
1983
17 . 3
72 . 6
14 . 2
3.5
1984
19.6
71 . 1
16.8
2 . 0
1985
19.8
65.1
32 . 7
13.2
14 . 2
. 7
1986
16.8
73.0
23.7
30.7
26.7
. 2
1987
20.5
67 . 2
28 . 9
24 . 4
26.5
. 3
1988
19.8
65. 0
32 . 6
32 . 7
39.2
1989
18 . 7
62 . 9
35. 6
33. 8
46.7
1990
16.7
61. 6
38 . 4
59.3
27 . 9
1991
14 . 8
63.5
36.5
36. 6
56. 4
1992
15.5
59. 9
40.1
59.0
32 . 7
1993
18 . 0
59.4
40.6
65.5
28 . 9
1994
16. 9
55.3
44.7
CO
CTl
i—1
11. 9
100. 0
1995
15. 6
59.8
40.2
82 . 8
17 . 2
100. 0
1996
14 . 3
52 . 9
47 .1
100. 0
9 9.9
1997
17 . 4
48.9
51.1
100. 0
100. 0
1998
19. 9
44.1
55. 9
100. 0
100. 0
1999
28 . 2
32 . 7
67 . 3
100. 0
100. 0
2000
28 . 8
27 . 5
72 . 5
100. 0
99.4
2001
30.5
21. 8
78.2
100. 0
95.2
2002
41. 8
15. 8
84 . 2
100. 0
88 . 5
2003
28 . 5
21. 3
78.7
100. 0
90.5
2004
42 .1
17 .1
82 . 9
100. 0
73.5
2005
29.3
22 . 7
77 . 3
100. 0
39.4
2006
14 . 8
19.7
80.3
100. 0
22 . 6
2007
29.2
16.5
83.5
100. 0
24 . 3
2008
28 . 2
26.4
73.6
100. 0
30.2
EPA420-R-
08-015
E-
14
. 1
4
8
11
5
9
5
26
5
17
7
60
6
49
4
77
4
67
9
75
7
44
7
69
8
52
6
September 2008
-------
Table E-15 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Large Pickup
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
1126
. 110
13
1
10.4
12
2
11.1
4241
343
151
13.3
115
.438
. 0358
24 .1
1976
1639
. 133
13
9
11. 2
12
7
11. 8
4301
344
146
13. 8
113
.423
. 0341
25. 9
1977
1719
. 122
14
9
12 .1
13
4
12 . 7
4318
347
156
13.1
116
.449
. 0363
27 . 8
1978
1928
. 133
14
7
12 . 0
13
1
12 . 4
4326
339
154
13.2
116
.454
. 0357
27 . 4
1979
1748
. 126
14
3
11. 8
12
6
12 .1
4486
330
149
14 1
113
.452
. 0334
27 . 8
1980
887
. 078
17
2
13.7
15
8
14 . 6
4312
305
137
14 3
110
.452
. 0318
32 . 0
1981
940
. 089
18
6
14 8
17
3
15. 9
4124
293
132
14 2
110
.452
. 0320
33. 0
1982
780
. 080
18
6
14 8
17
3
15. 9
4233
299
136
14 2
111
.457
. 0323
34 .1
1983
695
. 067
18
1
14 3
16
9
15. 4
4270
302
138
14 2
111
.461
. 0325
33.5
1984
917
. 065
17
8
14 0
16
7
15.1
4291
301
138
14 3
111
.459
. 0323
32 . 9
1985
964
. 067
17
7
14 0
16
5
15. 0
4292
305
149
13. 4
114
.490
. 0348
32 . 7
1986
1001
. 065
18
2
14 4
17
0
15.5
4283
298
146
13. 6
113
.495
. 0341
33.3
1987
654
. 044
17
7
13. 9
16
5
15. 0
4375
309
162
12 . 8
118
. 523
. 0370
32 . 9
1988
1064
. 070
18
0
13. 9
17
2
15.2
4436
318
173
12 . 2
121
. 542
. 0390
33. 9
1989
990
. 068
18
1
13. 8
17
2
15.2
4 4 4 4
318
175
12 . 2
121
. 548
. 0395
34 . 0
1990
945
. 075
18
0
13. 6
17
4
15.2
44 97
320
178
12 .1
122
. 555
. 0398
34 . 3
1991
738
. 059
18
2
13. 6
17
6
15.3
4476
315
178
12 .1
122
. 562
. 0397
34 . 4
1992
872
. 072
18
3
13. 6
17
8
15.3
4562
312
174
12 . 5
120
. 556
. 0382
35.1
1993
9 9 6
. 075
18
7
13.7
18
0
15. 6
4552
303
180
12 .1
122
. 600
. 0396
35.5
1994
1271
.090
18
4
13.5
17
6
15.3
4612
316
189
11. 7
124
. 601
. 0411
35.3
1995
1273
. 084
18
0
13.1
17
2
14 . 9
4672
316
188
11. 9
123
.598
. 0403
35. 0
1996
1036
. 079
18
2
13.2
17
4
15.1
4718
315
210
11.1
129
. 671
.0446
35.7
1997
1587
. 110
18
9
13. 6
18
1
15. 6
4801
303
222
10.6
132
.737
. 0464
37 . 5
1998
1326
.092
18
6
13.2
17
8
15.3
47 99
308
225
10.5
133
.735
. 0470
36. 8
1999
1571
.103
18
5
13.2
17
5
15.2
4958
313
238
10.3
135
.762
. 0483
37 . 6
2000
1746
.105
19
3
13. 8
17
9
15.7
4663
289
230
10.2
136
.800
. 04 92
36.7
2001
1893
. 121
18
9
13. 4
17
5
15. 4
4809
292
233
10.3
135
.807
. 0485
37 . 0
2002
1717
.107
18
7
13.2
17
2
15.2
4 982
294
246
10.1
137
. 836
. 04 93
37 . 8
2003
1753
. Ill
18
9
13.3
17
3
15.3
4 977
294
249
10.1
138
.845
. 04 99
38 . 0
2004
1967
. 125
19
0
13.3
17
3
15.3
5200
301
266
9. 9
141
.881
. 0511
39.7
2005
2076
. 131
19
4
13. 4
17
8
15. 6
5117
294
268
9.7
142
. 914
. 0526
39.8
2006
1906
. 126
19
6
13. 6
18
0
15. 8
5137
290
265
9.8
141
. 919
. 0517
40.4
2007
1845
. 121
19
8
13. 6
18
3
15. 9
5274
298
279
9.7
143
. 935
. 0527
42 . 0
2008
1860
. 113
19
8
13. 6
18
4
16.0
5403
304
296
9.5
147
.969
. 0545
43.1
Percent of Large Pickup:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID
1975
16.1
33. 0
1976
23. 8
32 . 9
1977
25.2
27 . 7
1978
30.5
28 5
1
4
1979
10.5
27 . 3
1. 7
3
1
1980
21 6
39.5
35.5
5
5
1981
13. 4
38 . 9
42 .1
2
3
1982
17 3
30. 9
42 . 8
9
4
1983
22 3
26.4
52 . 2
4
5
1984
25.1
26.7
50. 9
2
4
1985
25. 8
25.7
48.1
9.1
7
1
2
1986
28 . 3
27 . 0
52 . 5
21. 7
2
6
7
1987
. 0
30. 8
29.1
41. 6
43.1
36
0
4
1988
. 0
33. 8
26.8
54 . 5
36.5
62
6
5
1989
34 8
33.2
56. 6
38 . 8
60
8
4
1990
33. 9
24 9
68 . 0
37 . 0
62
6
4
1991
32 5
27 . 3
71. 3
39.5
60
1
4
1992
32 1
26.8
73.1
45.0
54
7
3
1993
. 0
35. 0
22 . 4
77 . 6
47 . 9
52
1
1994
36. 6
16.0
84 . 0
47 . 3
52
7
98 . 9
. 9
. 1
1995
41. 5
20.7
79.3
55.1
44
9
97 . 2
2 . 8
1996
37 9
15.0
85. 0
99.7
3
96.3
3.7
1997
43.3
10.5
89.5
99.9
1
98 .1
1. 9
1998
43.2
9.8
90.2
99.9
1
99.2
. 8
1999
53. 6
6.3
93.7
100. 0
0
100. 0
2000
44.8
10.0
90. 0
100. 0
87 . 0
13. 0
2001
42 . 7
7 . 6
92 . 4
100. 0
88 . 7
11. 3
2002
43.6
5.4
94 . 6
100. 0
89. 9
10.1
2003
42 . 8
5.0
95. 0
100. 0
93.5
6.5
2004
47 . 6
3.5
96.5
100. 0
72 0
18 2
9.8
2005
48.3
3. 9
96.1
100. 0
61. 4
15.5
23. 0
2006
50.1
4 . 2
95. 8
100. 0
55.2
17 .1
27 . 7
2007
47 . 4
2 . 9
97 .1
100. 0
66. 0
13.3
20.7
2008
51 5
2 . 5
97 . 5
100. 0
63.2
15. 0
21. 8
20.6
. 0
C\]
CO
CO
<—i
44.8
<—i
38 . 3
. 0
38 . 3
E PA4 20-R-08-015
E-15
September 2008
-------
Light-Duty Automotive Technology and
Fuel Economy Trends:
1975 Through 2008
Appendix F
Data Stratified by EPA Car Class
This technical report does not necessarily represent final EPA decisions or
positions. It is intended to present technical analysis of issues using data
that are currently available. The purpose in the release of such reports is to
facilitate the exchange of technical information and to inform the public of
technical developments.
Compliance and Innovative Strategies Division
and
Transportation and Climate Division
Offce of T ransportation and Air Quality
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
NOTICE
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
EPA420-R-08-015
September 2008
-------
Table F-l
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Two-Seater
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPD CID
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
244
. 030
19.7
15.1
19.5
i—1
CD
3015
173
125
12
6
117
764
1976
203
. 021
19.4
14 9
19.2
16.5
3032
187
136
12
1
120
752
1977
221
. 020
20.0
15.5
19.5
17 . 1
3062
50. 0
183
134
12
4
119
755
1978
191
. 017
19.4
15. 0
19.1
16.6
3079
50. 0
187
143
11
8
122
795
1979
256
. 024
20.1
15.3
20.0
17 . 1
3026
50. 0
180
128
12
2
118
735
1980
200
. 021
20.6
15. 6
20.8
17 . 6
2954
50. 0
180
121
12
3
116
702
1981
162
. 019
21. 9
17 .1
21.1
18 . 7
3005
50. 0
202
142
10
6
124
758
1982
263
. 034
25.7
19.7
25.5
21 . 9
2726
50. 0
146
106
13
0
112
734
1983
137
. 017
23. 9
18 4
23. 4
20.3
2756
50. 0
146
115
11
8
116
778
1984
348
. 033
26.7
20.3
27 . 0
22 . 8
2886
50. 0
174
121
12
1
117
717
1985
335
. 031
26. 9
20.5
26. 9
23. 0
2826
50.1
158
123
11
6
118
806
1986
303
. 028
28 .1
21.3
28 2
24 . 0
2915
50. 0
166
130
11
7
119
818
1987
282
. 026
27 . 5
20.5
27 . 7
23.3
2920
50. 0
167
134
11
5
121
830
1988
203
. 019
27 . 4
20.3
27 . 5
23.2
2940
50. 0
170
138
11
2
122
845
1989
113
. 011
26. 9
19. 9
26. 9
22 . 7
3030
50. 0
198
160
10
2
130
891
1990
177
. 020
27 . 7
20.5
27 . 1
23.2
2979
50. 0
164
160
10
3
130
1
019
1991
178
. 021
29.0
21. 4
27 . 9
24 . 2
2890
50. 0
149
150
10
8
127
1
040
1992
81
. 010
26.7
19.4
26.1
22 . 3
3022
50. 0
187
183
10
0
137
1
018
1993
118
. 014
28 . 4
20.6
27 . 6
23. 6
2975
50. 0
169
178
9
6
137
1
138
1994
84
. 010
26.0
18 7
25.5
21. 6
3134
50. 0
207
197
8
8
143
1
073
1995
79
. 008
26.3
18 7
25. 9
21. 8
3176
50. 0
204
199
8
9
142
1
077
1996
65
. 008
26.0
18 2
25. 8
21. 5
3168
50. 0
216
205
8
6
145
1
050
1997
72
. 009
26.7
18 7
26.1
21. 9
3056
50. 0
178
198
8
7
144
1
157
1998
78
. 010
24 . 4
17 . 0
24 0
20.0
3458
50. 0
243
255
7
7
160
1
108
1999
118
. 014
25. 8
17 . 9
25. 0
21.1
3179
50. 0
208
225
7
9
153
1
152
2000
122
. 013
25. 9
17 . 9
25. 0
21.1
3124
50. 0
208
232
7
7
156
1
192
2001
143
. 017
26.2
18 0
25.1
21. 3
3207
50. 0
200
239
7
6
158
1
292
2002
132
. 016
24 . 9
16. 9
24 1
20.2
3397
50. 0
224
251
7
6
159
1
212
2003
180
. 023
25. 0
16. 9
24 1
20.3
3439
50. 0
229
266
7
3
164
1
223
2004
168
. 022
24 . 5
16.4
23.5
19.8
3540
50. 0
235
271
7
4
164
1
203
2005
163
. 020
24 . 6
16.3
23. 6
19.8
3502
50. 0
241
291
7
1
172
1
243
2006
168
. 021
25.3
16.8
24 3
20.4
3378
50. 0
226
282
7
1
171
1
288
2007
158
. 020
25. 6
16. 9
24 7
20.6
3392
50. 0
227
285
7
1
172
1
323
2008
236
. 028
27 . 4
18 3
25. 8
21. 9
3198
50. 0
193
248
8
0
160
1
320
Percent of Two-Seater:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR
1975
74.6
42 . 4
1976
70.5
37 .1
1977
70.5
40.2
1978
71 8
46. 9
1979
72 8
31. 5
1980
74.0
13. 6
34 . 4
1981
61 . 3
20.1
55. 4
1982
47 . 8
69.2
9.5
23.3
9.5
1983
17 .1
81. 0
4 . 5
40.3
1984
17 . 9
60. 4
33.7
20.5
53.1
1985
25. 0
67 . 4
26.3
53.3
11. 6
1986
29.8
62 . 4
30.7
70.0
11. 7
81. 2
7
3
11. 5
1987
32 . 7
64 . 0
28 . 5
71. 3
14 . 6
70.4
22
2
7 . 4
1988
41. 9
62 .1
27 . 4
73. 9
26.1
76.2
23. 8
1989
32 . 6
16.
5
51. 5
3 6.6
85. 8
14 . 2
61. 5
38 . 5
1990
31. 3
6 6.9
27 . 2
88 . 5
11. 5
33. 0
67 . 0
1991
34 . 9
68 . 5
21.1
81. 4
18 . 6
33.1
6 6.9
1992
16.1
1
55.3
26.3
86.3
13.7
49.7
50.3
1993
42 . 3
0
59.8
35.5
94 . 4
5.6
51. 4
48.6
1994
24 .1
1
57 . 5
35. 6
100. 0
34 . 4
65. 6
1995
23.5
1
57 . 9
31. 4
100. 0
33. 9
65. 4
1996
4 . 7
0
55.6
40.8
100. 0
35.3
64 . 3
1997
10.8
1
64 . 0
34 . 3
100. 0
14 . 8
84 . 3
1998
1
3 6.6
61. 2
100. 0
38 . 2
61.1
1999
28 . 5
1
54 .1
42 . 6
100. 0
26.1
7
7
65.2
2000
4 . 6
63. 0
34 . 6
100. 0
26. 9
72 .1
2001
5.0
7 .
1
60. 9
36.1 1.1
100. 0
24 . 4
9
6
56. 8
2002
3.0
2 .
9
47 . 3
49.8 1.0
100. 0
26.5
5
6
63.3
2003
1. 5
8
45.8
53.8 .4
100. 0
19.3
13
6
64 . 9
2004
1. 0
9.
5
38 . 9
60.2 .2
100. 0
20.0
8
3
69.0
2005
. 7
8
38 . 2
60.8 .2
100. 0
21. 7
7
5
69.8
2006
. 8
5
50.7
47.5 .2
100. 0
19.8
4
8
74.4
2007
5
44.4
55.6
100. 0
23. 9
7
8
68 . 2
2008
. 7
1 .
5
39.1
60. 9
3.9 96.1
14 . 0
5
8
80.2
EPA42 0
-R
-08-
015
F-l
HP/
TON
CU-FT
CU-FT
WT
-MPG
-MPG
TON-MP
. 0406
25.2
. 0429
25.1
. 0421
26.2
880
1308
.0446
25.5
855
1276
. 0411
26.1
887
1305
. 0400
26.3
904
1315
. 0469
28 . 3
959
1415
. 0377
30.5
1141
1523
. 0411
28 . 3
1038
1416
. 0410
33. 9
1215
1694
. 0425
33. 4
1234
1672
. 0430
35.7
1278
1784
. 0442
35.2
1259
1758
. 0455
35.3
1268
1765
. 0509
35. 6
1264
1782
. 0511
35.2
1239
1759
. 04 91
35.7
1305
1784
. 0565
33. 8
1189
1690
. 0572
35. 8
1255
1791
. 0613
CO
1132
1718
. 0606
35. 0
1144
1752
. 0632
34 .1
1101
1705
. 0628
CO
CO
1131
1693
. 0732
35.1
1021
1753
. 0695
33. 6
1076
1682
. 0723
CD
CO
CO
1125
1688
. 0732
"^T
CO
1100
1732
. 0732
34 . 6
1040
1732
. 0765
35. 0
1031
1749
. 0762
35.3
1004
1763
. 0828
34 . 9
1004
1745
. 0824
34 . 6
1037
1731
. 0831
35.1
1043
1755
.0744
35.3
1150
1765
FIVE WT HYBRID
1. 8
8 . 7
22 .1
22 . 0
7
31. 2
4
27 .1
9
51. 8
7
45.3
9
22 . 6
5
49.1
4
6
9
2
42 . 4
2
4
4
6
30. 6
1
5
2
2
50. 6
6
2
8
51. 4
3
1
0
50.5
4
3
75.1
5
0
68 . 2
59.3
September 2008
-------
Table F-2
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Minicompact
MODEL
YEAR
SALES
< FUEL ECONOMY >
(000) FRAC LAB
55/45
AD J
CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
WGHT VOL
LB CU-FT
ENGINE
CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
HP/
CID
HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
1975
941
. 114
23. 0
17 . 6
22 . 8
19.6
2721
128
82
15.2
102
.669
. 0298
27 . 4
1976
913
.094
26.0
20.2
25.2
22 . 2
2688
124
80
15.1
102
. 673
. 0297
30.1
1977
915
. 081
27 . 9
21. 7
26.8
23. 8
2544
78
8
116
83
14 0
105
.756
. 0326
30.7
1957
2420
1978
901
. 081
27 . 4
21 . 7
25. 6
23.3
2583
79
1
120
83
14 1
105
.730
. 0322
30. 6
1920
2422
1979
436
. 040
27 . 6
21 . 7
26.3
23.5
2450
79
7
113
77
14 4
103
. 689
. 0312
29.0
1906
2315
1980
383
. 041
28 .1
22 . 1
26.8
24 . 0
2458
82
8
116
78
14 4
103
. 675
. 0314
29.6
2031
244 9
1981
227
. 026
34 . 3
27 . 6
31. 3
29.1
2164
82
6
92
67
14 5
101
.723
. 0307
31. 9
2472
2639
1982
178
. 023
35.5
28 5
32 . 3
30.1
2193
82
7
95
70
14 6
102
.727
. 0311
33.7
2604
2792
1983
156
. 020
35.7
28 4
33.3
30. 4
2273
82
0
99
77
14 2
104
.754
. 0327
35.3
2630
2901
1984
42
. 004
25. 6
19.5
25.7
21. 8
2855
75
9
151
141
10.5
125
. 927
. 0484
31. 6
1721
2400
1985
73
. 007
36. 0
28 0
34 . 9
30.7
2300
79
2
114
95
13.1
111
. 818
. 0380
37 . 6
2896
2994
1986
176
. 016
30.7
23.3
30. 4
26.1
2407
80
5
113
104
12 . 8
114
.881
. 0403
33. 4
2458
2693
1987
71
. 007
30.7
23.3
30. 0
26.0
2636
77
2
128
130
11. 3
123
. 985
. 0469
35. 8
2294
2786
1988
43
. 004
31.1
23.7
29.8
26.2
2619
77
9
128
129
11. 7
122
. 954
. 0462
36. 4
2408
2861
1989
28
. 003
26. 9
20.2
25. 9
22 . 6
2866
77
2
146
148
10.7
128
. 985
. 0504
32 . 9
1810
2561
1990
76
. 009
26.3
19.6
25. 6
22 .1
3019
80
7
148
145
10.5
125
.969
. 0475
33. 4
1799
2696
1991
95
. 011
28 . 6
21. 3
27 . 3
23. 8
2912
75
5
127
137
10.8
123
1. 076
. 0464
34 . 9
1820
2639
1992
118
. 015
31. 4
23.2
29.7
26.0
2691
81
0
110
118
11. 2
118
1. 073
. 0435
35. 0
2140
2834
1993
74
. 009
30. 0
22 .1
28 3
24 . 8
2818
79
5
118
130
10. 9
121
1.089
. 0454
35. 0
2012
2778
1994
39
. 005
28 .1
20.2
27 . 3
23.3
3146
81
0
132
163
10.3
129
1.202
. 0501
36. 4
1934
2957
1995
56
. 006
27 . 3
19.6
26.3
22 . 5
3218
79
9
147
166
9. 9
131
1.122
. 0513
36.3
1823
2906
1996
43
. 006
26. 9
19.0
26.1
22 .1
3270
76
8
157
179
9.8
134
1.127
. 0538
36.5
1763
2820
1997
43
. 005
26.6
18 7
25. 9
21. 9
3338
76
6
154
185
9.7
136
1.194
. 0547
36. 8
1713
2833
1998
37
. 005
25. 8
17 . 9
25. 4
21. 2
3522
78
9
169
195
9.6
137
1.146
. 0548
37 . 5
1688
2960
1999
51
. 006
25.2
17 . 3
25.1
20.7
3602
79
3
181
220
9.0
145
1.199
. 0609
37 . 5
1658
2983
2000
40
. 004
24 . 2
16.6
23. 9
19. 9
3729
79
6
192
244
8 . 3
152
1. 300
. 0656
37 . 2
1599
2970
2001
80
. 010
24 . 9
16. 9
24 4
20.3
3711
80
5
178
228
8 . 8
147
1. 293
. 0615
37 . 9
1650
3059
2002
96
. 012
25. 6
17 . 4
24 5
20.7
3649
81
5
187
238
8 . 5
150
1. 301
. 0646
38 . 0
1728
3102
2003
92
. 012
27 . 8
18 7
26.4
22 . 3
3407
82
1
152
199
9.8
140
1.309
. 0571
38 . 4
1894
3156
2004
132
. 018
27 . 6
18 4
26.2
22 .1
3491
82
3
149
185
10.2
134
1.241
. 0522
38 . 8
1860
3196
2005
107
. 013
28 . 5
19.0
26.8
22 . 7
3368
81
7
142
186
9. 9
136
1. 328
. 0544
38 . 4
1901
3144
2006
111
. 014
28 . 7
19.1
27 . 0
22 . 9
3353
81
4
150
197
9.4
140
1. 338
. 0578
38 . 5
1903
3136
2007
91
. 011
29.4
19.6
27 . 4
23. 4
3391
80
4
157
212
9.2
145
1. 369
. 0614
40.0
1936
3224
2008
85
. 010
30. 0
19. 9
28 0
23. 9
3422
80
9
158
209
9.2
143
1. 352
. 0600
41. 3
1996
3345
Percent of Minicompact:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
FIVE
WT
HYBRID
1975
19.6
67 . 7
11. 5
1976
22 .1
63.5
4 . 5
1977
25. 4
70.6
1. 9
1978
22 . 3
63. 0
1.5
1979
44.8
73.4
3.4
1980
47 . 2
60. 0
1.6
1981
83.2
81. 2
1.0
1982
80.4
80.8
6.4
1983
81. 8
80. 9
. 2
20.6
1984
30. 6
84 3
. 2
92 . 6
1985
67 . 7
86.1
. 1
46. 9
1986
54 . 6
82 . 7
5.1
52 . 2
94 . 2
5.8
1987
54 . 9
81. 9
3. 9
85. 9
81. 4
18 6
1988
62 . 4
76.6
8 . 3
77 . 0
76.5
23.5
1989
62 . 4
3.5
65.3
16.1
100. 0
63.1
36. 9
1990
11. 4
61. 6
32 .1
100. 0
17 . 4
79.4
3.2
1991
50. 9
59.8
36.3
100. 0
9.4
90. 6
4 . 0
1992
71 5
55.3
41. 3
100. 0
8 . 2
91. 8
4 . 9
1993
64 . 9
52 . 5
45.7
100. 0
18 0
82 . 0
6.6
1994
44.5
43.2
51. 4
100. 0
5.4
94 . 6
29.5
1995
17 . 3
40.8
50. 6
100. 0
5.3
94 . 7
23.1
1996
37 . 7
6.7
36.3
50.2
100. 0
19.2
80.8
45.3
1997
48.1
4 7
47 8
50.2
100. 0
17 . 7
82 . 3
40.3
1998
38 . 5
1 1
34 . 4
64 . 6
100. 0
8 . 9
91.1
54 . 4
1999
25.7
3.2
38 . 4
55. 9
100. 0
11. 8
88 . 2
62 . 5
2000
8 . 3
13.5
46. 9
48.4
100. 0
22 . 8
59.1
18
1
54 . 2
2001
33.7
16.0
37 . 2
59.2
100. 0
7 . 6
81. 8
10
7
47 . 0
2002
29.0
10.7
38 . 8
55.4 3.3
100. 0
94 . 0
6
0
64 .1
2003
58 . 3
7 0
44.4
46.0 9.7
100. 0
16.6
76.4
6
9
39.4
2004
65. 0
5.4
28 8
62 . 9 7.2
100. 0
11.1
7 9.7
9
2
34 . 3
2005
67 . 0
2.3
39.1
49.1 11.8
100. 0
12 . 9
7 9.7
7
5
32 . 5
2006
64 . 5
5.2
37 . 7
51.6 10.6
100. 0
98 . 2
1
8
35. 4
2007
72 3
7 0
36.3
51.1 12.7
100. 0
100. 0
86.3
2008
75.6
6 6
36.2
61. 7 2.1
20.0 80.0
100. 0
74.2
E PA4 20-R-08-015
F-2
September 2008
-------
Table F-3
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Subcompact
MODEL
YEAR
SALES
< FUEL ECONOMY >
(000) FRAC LAB
55/45
AD J
CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
WGHT VOL
LB CU-FT
ENGINE
CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
HP/
CID
HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
1975
1011
. 123
19.2
15. 0
i—1
CD
16.4
3242
206
107
14 2
108
. 585
. 0329
26.8
1976
1368
.141
22 . 2
17 . 4
21.1
18 . 9
3033
181
97
14 7
106
. 607
. 0316
28 8
1977
1577
.140
23. 9
18 8
22 . 6
20.3
2966
90.7
174
98
14 2
107
. 633
. 0325
30.7
1983
2783
1978
2056
.184
24 . 6
19.4
23. 4
21. 0
2842
89.7
159
93
14 4
106
. 649
. 0321
30. 4
2032
2726
1979
3044
.282
24 .1
19.0
22 . 8
20.5
2847
90. 4
155
94
14 2
106
. 659
. 0323
29.6
1955
2674
1980
3552
. 376
27 .1
21. 3
25.7
23.1
2640
89. 9
128
82
14 7
103
.669
. 0308
30. 8
2148
2768
1981
2712
. 311
29.3
23.3
27 . 3
24 . 9
2604
90.3
124
81
14 7
103
. 676
. 0308
32 . 9
2334
2971
1982
2329
.298
29.1
22 . 8
27 . 7
24 . 8
2657
91. 8
133
86
14 5
105
.666
. 0317
33. 6
2377
3077
1983
1968
.246
30. 0
23. 4
29.0
25. 6
2687
93.3
136
90
14 0
106
.693
. 0330
34 . 9
2505
3262
1984
2545
. 238
29.6
22 . 9
28 8
25.2
2737
93.3
140
97
13.5
108
.722
. 0348
35. 0
2457
3265
1985
2181
.202
30.1
23.3
29.2
25. 6
2734
93. 9
136
100
13.2
110
.760
. 0358
35. 4
2506
3325
1986
2376
. 216
30. 6
23. 6
29.5
25. 9
2764
94 . 7
136
100
13. 4
109
.765
. 0354
36.2
2560
3434
1987
2088
.195
31.1
23. 9
29.7
26.3
2728
92 . 7
128
99
13.7
109
.795
. 0350
36.1
2528
3348
1988
2143
.200
32 . 0
24 6
30.1
26. 9
2668
93.2
122
99
13.5
110
. 823
. 0358
36.2
2615
3375
1989
1950
.195
31. 2
23. 6
29.6
26.1
2748
93.1
129
104
13. 0
111
. 852
. 0369
36.2
2545
3377
1990
1974
. 224
31. 5
23. 9
29.5
26.3
2762
94 . 5
117
108
12 . 5
113
. 962
. 0385
36.5
2557
3456
1991
2303
. 270
31. 5
23. 4
29. 9
26.2
277 9
94 . 8
124
111
12 . 3
114
. 938
. 0392
36. 6
2562
3474
1992
2021
.249
31. 8
23.5
30.3
26.4
2806
93. 8
122
117
12 . 0
116
. 987
. 0408
37 . 4
2570
3509
1993
1872
. 221
32 . 0
23.3
30. 4
26.4
27 97
94 . 4
124
120
11. 8
117
. 977
. 0418
37 . 3
2585
3522
1994
1995
. 237
31. 6
22 . 7
30. 4
26.0
2879
94 . 4
134
125
11. 7
118
. 973
. 0423
37 . 8
2547
3568
1995
1623
. 173
31. 5
22 . 5
30. 4
25. 9
294 9
93. 6
141
134
11. 3
121
1 . 015
. 0443
38 . 5
2531
3610
1996
1108
.140
32 . 9
23.3
31. 4
26. 9
2875
94 . 9
136
131
11. 2
121
1. 024
.0446
38 . 9
2649
3691
1997
1487
. 178
32 . 5
23.1
30.5
26.4
2909
95.5
126
128
11. 5
119
1. 058
. 0431
38 . 6
2588
3693
1998
1601
.201
31. 6
22 .1
30. 0
25.7
2984
96. 4
138
135
11.1
122
1. 022
. 0447
38 . 5
2529
3714
1999
1382
.165
31. 3
21. 8
29.5
25.3
2973
96. 4
137
137
11. 0
122
1. 032
. 0454
37 . 8
24 90
3646
2000
1492
.163
30.7
21. 3
28 7
24 . 7
3026
96.5
145
144
10.7
124
1.040
. 0469
37 . 6
2433
3629
2001
644
. 077
28 . 4
19.4
27 .1
22 . 9
3226
93.5
173
173
9. 9
133
1. 035
. 0528
37 . 2
2195
3480
2002
575
. 069
28 . 2
19.1
27 . 0
22. 8
3293
94 . 3
183
186
9.5
137
1. 074
. 0557
37 . 7
2201
3555
2003
614
. 077
26.8
18.2
25.2
21. 5
3488
90.5
181
189
9.7
136
1. 072
. 0538
37 . 7
2006
3416
2004
453
. 060
27 . 3
18 3
25.7
21. 9
3365
95. 9
174
191
9.5
138
1.144
. 0559
37 . 1
2154
3555
2005
573
. 071
28 . 0
18 7
26.2
22 . 4
3352
97 . 3
170
189
9.4
137
1.170
. 0555
37 . 7
2226
3667
2006
1098
. 137
31. 3
20.7
29.1
24 . 8
3223
98 . 0
149
171
9. 9
132
1.178
. 0521
40.5
2508
3973
2007
1229
. 153
32 . 0
21. 2
29.5
25.3
3176
98 .1
145
169
9. 9
132
1 . 191
. 0521
40.6
2565
3983
2008
1276
.149
31. 5
20. 9
29.2
24 . 9
3293
97 . 8
152
182
9.6
135
1. 212
. 0541
41. 4
2515
4050
Percent of Subcompact:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT
HYBRID
1975
17 . 6
40. 9
CO
1976
13.1
42 8
3.1
1977
19.4
46.5
12 . 5
1
2
1978
22 . 3
54 . 4
11 . 7
1
8
1979
25. 9
51. 5
7 . 3
1
5
1980
35.3
4
58 . 2
3.5
10. 9
3
4
1981
36. 0
3
58 . 9
8 . 5
12 . 1
5
5
1982
39.8
2
55.1
23. 6
14 8
3.2
4
1
1983
53. 4
2
55. 8
32 . 0
21. 5
2 . 7
1
2
1984
49.8
5
51. 5
35.1
28 9
3.0
1
7
1985
58 . 7
3
49.4
34 .1
28 8
5.1
2
1986
64 . 5
1
1
50.3
34 . 0
36.5
4 . 9
1
82 . 5
13
8
3.7
1987
69.1
5
51. 3
39.4
40.3
6.8
1
59.7
26
9
13. 4
1988
77 . 7
1
2
53. 6
40.0
35.7
15.2
0
53. 6
21
8
24 . 6
1989
12. 3
1
1
46.5
45.3
. 6
44.5
20.6
0
58 .1
12
6
29.3
1990
87 . 9
5
44.9
51.1
. 2
71. 5
24 . 0
35. 0
8
2
56. 8
1991
84 . 3
1
4
39.1
56.2
. 2
59.6
40.3
45.1
11
8
43.1
5.7
1992
84 . 2
1
6
38 . 0
56. 4
. 0
84 . 5
15.5
41. 6
11
0
47 . 4
12 . 3
1993
84 . 6
1
7
42 . 6
51. 9
. 0
91. 7
8 . 3
43.3
11
5
45.2
13. 4
1994
81. 8
2
37 . 7
58 . 0
93. 6
6.4
45.2
7
8
47 . 0
17 . 6
1995
72 .1
1
4
40.4
55. 4
95. 0
5.0
34 . 9
3
1
62 . 0
18 . 0
1996
75.8
1
1
41 4
52 .1
. 1
92 . 2
7 . 8
32 . 4
2
6
64 . 9
26.0
1997
83.3
6
31. 4
64 . 9
. 4
95.5
4 . 5
21. 3
78.7
26. 9
1998
81. 3
6
30.1
68 . 3
. 3
99.1
. 7
2
39.1
2
4
58 . 4
28 . 2
1999
83.2
5
27 . 5
71. 0
. 1
99.2
. 6
2
41. 3
6
8
51. 7
2
24 . 7
2000
76.7
5
26.2
71. 9
. 1
99.2
. 3
5
45.3
1
5
51. 4
1
8
22.5
2001
57 . 7
8
32 .1
64 . 4
. 2
98 . 9
1
1
47 . 4
1
4
47 . 5
3
7
27 . 7
2002
51 . 0
5
9
34 . 2
65.5
. 1
98 . 6
1
4
47 . 5
4
8
44.0
3
7
23. 8
2003
62 . 4
6
7
26.2
12.1
1.1
99.3
7
30.2
5
0
61. 5
3
3
15.0
2004
44.3
6
6
34 . 2
64 . 6
1. 2
99.5
5
38 . 8
4
4
53. 8
2
9
21.1
2005
59.1
4
8
25.5
13.1
. 9
99.5
5
21. 8
12
8
63. 6
1
8
36.7
2006
75.3
3
8
21. 2
78.3
. 5
99.5
5
13.3
6
9
79.0
7
60. 9
2007
75.2
4
1
19. 9
79.8
. 2
100. 0
11. 0
4
5
84 . 4
0
63. 9
2008
76.4
2
6
22 . 0
73 . 7
4 . 2
4 .
5 95. 4
5.0
4
6
90. 4
1
6 6.9
E PA4 20-R-08-015
F-3
September 2008
-------
Table F-4
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Compact
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPD CID
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
1893
. 230
16.2
12 . 9
15. 0
13. 8
3958
287
129
14 6
110
.454
1976
2557
.263
17 . 5
13. 9
16.4
14 . 9
4025
289
125
15.2
108
.434
1977
2767
.245
17 . 9
14 2
16.7
15.2
4128
107 . 3
291
131
14 6
110
.452
1978
1482
. 133
20.2
15. 8
19.3
17 . 2
3552
105.1
236
113
14 5
108
. 506
1979
6 6 8
. 062
19.5
15. 4
18 3
16.6
3624
105.3
246
117
14 4
109
.495
1980
690
. 073
22 . 4
17 . 4
21. 6
19.1
3184
106.2
186
102
14 4
107
. 577
1981
976
. 112
26.7
20.7
26.1
22 . 8
2825
104 . 3
142
91
14 2
106
. 671
1982
1268
.162
29.0
22 . 2
28 8
24 . 8
2794
102 . 9
128
86
14 6
104
.695
1983
1456
.182
28 . 8
22 . 2
28 2
24 . 5
2844
103.2
141
91
14 4
105
. 677
1984
2731
. 256
29.7
23. 0
28 8
25.3
2798
103.1
136
90
14 3
106
. 687
1985
2929
. 271
29.8
23.1
29.0
25.5
2804
102 . 9
138
98
13.5
109
.727
1986
3348
. 304
29.8
23. 0
28 9
25.3
2819
103.2
137
98
13.5
109
.735
1987
4012
. 374
29.7
22 . 7
28 9
25.2
2836
102. 8
135
100
13.3
109
.759
1988
4317
.402
29. 9
22 . 6
28 9
25.2
2889
103. 6
136
106
13. 0
111
.794
1989
3585
. 358
29. 9
22 . 5
28 8
25.1
2886
102 . 8
130
108
12 . 7
112
. 837
1990
2771
. 315
29.0
21. 6
28 1
24 . 3
2984
103.3
138
118
12 . 3
115
. 857
1991
2455
.288
29.0
21. 4
27 . 9
24 . 2
2984
104 . 5
136
120
12 .1
116
.887
1992
2221
. 274
28 . 6
20. 9
27 . 8
23. 8
3034
104 . 3
143
127
11. 8
118
.893
1993
2473
.292
29.6
21. 5
28 6
24 . 5
2982
104 .1
139
121
12 . 0
116
.886
1994
2602
. 309
29.8
21. 5
28 7
24 . 6
3023
103. 9
138
124
11. 9
117
. 912
1995
3432
. 365
30. 6
21. 8
29.5
25.1
2998
103. 9
134
132
11. 2
121
. 992
1996
2981
. 378
30.3
21. 4
29.3
24 . 9
3007
103.1
134
133
11.1
121
.999
1997
2840
. 341
30.3
21. 2
29.3
24 . 8
3004
102 . 6
135
133
11.1
121
. 988
1998
2126
.267
30. 9
21. 4
29.7
25.2
3010
102 . 7
131
134
11. 0
121
1. 028
1999
2368
.283
30.1
20.8
28 8
24 . 4
3135
103.2
139
141
11. 0
122
1. 028
2000
2612
.286
30.5
21. 0
28 9
24 . 6
3097
103. 6
132
138
11.1
121
1.049
2001
3197
. 380
31. 7
21. 8
29.6
25.5
3055
103. 0
130
139
11. 0
122
1. 074
2002
2998
. 361
31. 8
21. 6
29.5
25. 4
3065
102 . 5
128
140
11. 0
122
1.091
2003
2812
. 354
32 .1
21. 7
29.6
25.5
3087
104 . 0
131
146
10.6
124
1.121
2004
2521
. 334
31. 9
21. 3
29.5
25.3
3122
103. 6
135
153
10.4
127
1.137
2005
2341
.292
32 . 7
21. 8
29.8
25.7
3084
103. 8
130
150
10. 4
126
1.152
2006
1819
. 228
31. 8
21. 2
29.3
25.1
3256
104 . 8
145
167
10.0
130
1.164
2007
1664
.207
32 . 3
21. 5
29.7
25.5
3240
105.3
140
163
10.1
129
1.168
2008
1579
.185
32 . 6
21. 6
30.1
25. 8
3249
104 . 2
139
166
10.0
130
1.202
Percent of Compact:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR
1975
2 . 4
CO
i—1
4 . 4
1
0
1976
2 . 5
6.3
3.6
9
1977
2 . 3
4 . 4
3.8
1
1
1978
17 . 8
10.0
16.3
9.1
2
2
1979
13. 6
9.0
14 8
8
0
1980
56. 8
5
8
14 5
6.7
10.8
8
4
1981
81. 4
2
1
32 . 9
5.8
8 . 0
6
0
1982
84 . 8
1
9
34 . 8
39.7
8 . 3
13.1
5
3
1983
74.7
2
2
32 . 3
42 . 4
13.2
37 . 4
4
4
1984
82 . 0
8
28 4
41. 0
21. 6
32 . 4
2
8
1985
85.3
2
28 3
42 . 8
24 0
46. 9
2
4
1986
86.6
2
28 5
50. 0
33. 0
43.4
7
99.0
1
1987
90.5
4
29.5
49.3
32 . 4
42 . 2
3
86.4
8 . 3
5
1988
91. 2
2
25. 6
59.0
48.7
42 . 7
79.6
9.5
10
1989
95. 8
5
26.0
56.2
54 . 9
40.0
1
62 . 4
21. 8
15
1990
95.5
8
19.3
63.6
66.7
33.2
1
60. 0
5.5
34
1991
95. 0
1
6
21. 7
65.3
82 . 3
17 . 3
4
55.1
6.1
38
1992
96.1
9
19.2
66.2
89.0
10.8
2
58 . 8
4 . 7
36
1993
97 . 5
5
18 . 3
6 9.9
87 . 7
12 . 3
55.5
1. 5
43
1994
96.2
4
18 . 8
72 . 8
91 . 7
8 . 3
49.3
50
1995
95. 4
8
19.5
78.7
99.8
2
32 . 3
1. 5
66
1996
97 . 3
9
17 . 2
81. 9
100. 0
32 . 5
1. 5
65
1997
95.5
1
1
16.8
83.2
100. 0
0
35.5
2 . 9
61
1998
93. 8
1
8
15.3
84 . 4
9 9.6
4
22 . 6
1. 9
74
1999
93.5
1
7
13.1
86.4
99.7
3
27 . 0
. 7
71
2000
92 . 0
1
4
15.3
83.2
99.5
5
26.2
2 . 5
69
2001
92 . 0
2
2
15. 8
82.8 .5
99.5
5
24 . 2
2 . 0
70
2002
90.2
3
5
16.5
82.3 .9
99.2
8
26.0
2 . 4
68
2003
86.6
3
8
16.2
81.8 2.0
99.3
7
13.7
1. 5
81
2004
87 . 8
5
2
14 6
83.9 1.5
99.5
5
11. 3
1.1
84
2005
88 .1
5
3
14 1
84.6 1.3
99.5
5
11.1
1. 2
86
2006
80.6
5
4
12 . 5
85.2 2.2
97 . 8
2
2
12 . 3
1. 3
86
2007
85. 4
5
8
12 . 9
78.6 8.6
100. 0
9. 9
. 0
90
2008
83. 6
8
9
12 . 7
CO
i—1
CJ1
CJ1
CO
6.7 93.3
7 . 5
. 1
92
E PA4 20-R-08-015 F-4
HP/
TON
CU-FT
CU-FT-
WT
-MPG
-MPG
TON-MP(
0322
27 . 6
0307
30.2
0315
31. 6
1655
3391
0318
30. 6
1842
3221
0321
30. 4
1783
3201
0324
30.7
2078
3265
0325
32 . 4
2433
3377
0310
34 . 8
2591
3579
0318
35.2
2602
3633
0321
35.7
2672
3682
0347
36. 0
2684
3706
0346
36. 0
2669
3713
0351
35. 9
2631
3688
0365
36. 6
2652
3793
0372
36. 4
2611
3738
0393
36. 4
2534
3755
0400
36.3
2568
37 97
0416
36.2
2509
3776
0405
36.7
2584
3821
0408
37 . 3
2584
3874
0439
37 . 8
2642
3927
0441
37 . 5
2589
3865
0442
37 . 3
2568
3829
0444
38 . 0
2619
3902
0448
38 . 4
2557
3962
0441
38 . 3
2587
3964
044 9
39.1
2670
4032
0451
39.2
2651
4012
0467
39.8
2710
4138
0483
39.8
2669
4119
047 9
40.0
2723
4146
0506
41. 3
2704
4333
04 95
41. 6
2744
4373
0503
42 .1
2751
4381
FIVE WT HYBRID
. 5
1. 0
£
. O
7 . 4
9. 9
10.3
. 3
7 . 4
1. 2
12 . 5
1. 2
13.7
1. 3
25.5
2 . 9
39.0
3.2
38 .1
8
3.3
48.0
1
7
2 . 8
54 . 2
9
1. 6
61. 3
1
2
. 1
71. 0
1
7
. 1
61. 3
2
2
. 1
61. 0
2
5
September 2008
-------
Table F-5
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Mid-Size Car
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPD CID
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
1631
.198
13. 6
10.5
13.1
11. 6
4630
353
158
13. 9
115
.447
1976
1964
.202
15.7
12 . 2
15.1
13. 4
4558
343
156
13. 8
114
.454
1977
2226
.197
16.4
12 . 9
15.7
14 . 0
4473
112 . 9
332
151
13. 9
114
.454
1978
3339
.299
18 . 6
14 4
17 . 9
15. 8
3820
113. 0
292
135
13. 4
113
.464
1979
3211
.297
19.1
15. 0
18 1
16.3
3710
113.1
272
128
13. 6
112
.474
1980
2987
. 316
21. 6
16.8
21. 0
18 . 4
3362
113.2
228
113
13. 8
109
. 512
1981
2902
. 332
22 . 9
17 . 8
22 . 3
19.6
3346
113. 9
220
107
14 2
108
. 509
1982
2136
. 273
24 . 0
18 4
23. 8
20.5
3321
113. 9
211
107
14 2
108
. 529
1983
2269
.284
23. 9
18 4
23. 6
20.4
3316
113. 8
212
111
13. 8
109
. 544
1984
2770
.260
24 .1
18 5
23. 9
20.6
3318
113.7
210
113
13. 6
110
. 563
1985
2777
. 257
24 . 9
19.0
24 9
21. 3
3318
113. 6
205
117
13.3
112
. 606
1986
2666
.242
25. 9
19.6
25. 9
22 . 0
3241
113. 8
194
118
13. 0
113
. 640
1987
2252
. 210
26.0
19.5
26.0
22 .1
3247
113.7
188
123
12 . 7
114
. 684
1988
2113
.197
26.7
19.7
27 .1
22 . 6
3293
113. 4
183
129
12 . 3
116
.718
1989
2591
. 259
26.6
19.5
27 .1
22 . 5
3314
113. 6
181
131
12 . 2
117
.735
1990
2342
.266
26.2
19.0
26.8
22 .1
3450
113.7
187
140
12 . 0
119
.758
1991
2114
.248
26.0
18 8
26.5
21. 9
3412
113.5
191
146
11. 5
121
.773
1992
2120
.261
25. 8
18 4
26.3
21. 6
3515
113. 9
191
151
11. 5
122
.801
1993
2330
. 276
26.1
18 6
26.4
21. 8
3515
113. 9
192
153
11. 4
123
. 812
1994
2057
.244
25. 9
18 3
26.0
21. 5
3529
113.5
189
155
11. 4
123
. 827
1995
2515
.268
26.1
18 2
26.5
21. 7
3546
114 . 3
189
166
10.7
127
.889
1996
2359
.299
26.5
18 5
26.5
21. 9
3527
114 .1
181
162
10. 9
126
. 906
1997
2399
.288
26.5
18 4
26.7
21. 9
3551
114 . 5
184
170
10.6
128
. 933
1998
2967
. 372
27 .1
18 7
26. 9
22 . 3
3534
114 . 0
177
169
10.5
128
. 965
1999
3141
. 375
27 .1
18 5
26.8
22 . 2
3540
114 . 0
175
170
10.5
128
. 984
2000
2894
. 317
27 . 0
18 4
26.5
22 . 0
3550
113. 6
174
178
10.2
131
1. 027
2001
2480
.295
27 . 2
18 5
26.5
22 .1
3566
113.7
175
180
10.1
132
1. 034
2002
2807
. 338
27 . 7
18 8
26.5
22 . 4
3549
114 . 8
177
185
9.8
134
1. 055
2003
2483
. 312
28 . 3
18 9
27 . 3
22 . 8
3567
114 . 6
174
189
9.7
135
1.096
2004
2522
. 335
28 . 7
19.0
27 . 5
23. 0
3577
114 . 0
174
190
9.7
135
1.100
2005
2886
. 360
29.8
19.7
28 2
23. 8
3544
114 . 5
168
185
9.8
133
1.096
2006
2413
. 302
29.6
19.6
28 0
23. 6
3568
114 . 0
169
191
9.6
135
1.137
2007
3084
. 384
31. 2
20.6
29.1
24 . 7
3586
113. 8
166
191
9.6
135
1.139
2008
2911
. 341
31. 5
20. 9
29.1
24 . 9
3588
113. 8
166
192
9.6
135
1.144
Percent of Mid-Size Car:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR
1975
2 . 7
. 6
7
1976
2 . 5
. 4
6
1977
2 .1
. 3
7
1978
1. 4
1 . 7
11. l
1.
4
1979
5.2
1. 9
21. 4
2 .
3
1
4
1980
30.2
7 . 8
25.3
1.
0
1 5
2
5
1981
32 . 3
5.6
52 . 2
1
2 3
4
0
1982
44.7
2 . 0
82 . 6
2
15. 4
3
8
1983
48.9
1. 2
80.0
5
17 2
1
7
1984
55.1
. 9
82 . 0
3.
8
25. 6
1
0
1985
61. 9
1. 3
77 . 6
13.
0
37 1
3
1986
71. 0
1
1. 8
76.4
25.
4
42 . 3
2
100. 0
1987
77 . 3
2
1. 5
77 . 6
40.
7
43.4
4
100. 0
1988
87 . 0
1
3.8
91 . 1
6 6 .
9
28 . 0
93. 4
6
5
. 1
1989
86.5
1
4 . 7
91 . 7
78 .
3
21 0
94 . 3
4
9
. 8
1990
85.2
2
3. 9
93. 9
86.
6
13.3
0
90. 6
4
3
5.1
1991
87 . 2
1
3.6
94 . 5
88 .
7
11 2
1
89.7
4
9
5.3
1992
79.1
1
2 . 7
9 6.6
94 .
7
5.3
77 . 0
1
6
21. 4
1993
85. 4
2
2 . 3
97 . 2
95.
6
4 4
72 . 7
27 . 3
1994
84 . 7
2 . 0
97 . 7
96.
0
4 0
68 . 1
31. 9
1995
79.6
2 . 7
97 . 2
98 .
9
1 1
61. 5
38 . 5
1996
91. 9
4 . 3
94 . 9
99.
7
3
52 . 6
47 . 4
1997
90. 6
1
2 . 5
97 . 5
99.
8
2
50.1
49.9
1998
95.2
5
3.0
97 . 0
99.
9
1
44.5
1
2
53.1
1999
95.2
7
3.3
96.3
99.
8
2
36.1
1
4
59.7
2000
92 . 3
9
3.5
95.7
100.
0
25.1
1
4
71.1
2001
93. 0
l.
2
3.1
96.1
100.
0
28 . 2
1
8
6 6.6
2002
94 . 2
8
2 . 6
97 . 1 .1
100.
0
21. 4
9
74.7
2003
91. 7
6
2 . 8
97 . 0 .1
100.
0
21. 9
2
5
72 . 1
2004
91. 7
l.
0
3.2
94.2 1.9
99.
9
1
16.2
1
6
80.0
2005
91. 4
l.
9
3.2
92.4 4.2
99.
6
4
13. 6
1
1
84 . 6
2006
89.4
3.
0
3.7
92.5 3.7
99.
8
2
12 . 5
2
87 . 2
2007
89.4
3.
6
2 . 7
77.6 19.8
99.
7
3
7 . 3
92 . 7
2008
86.4
6 .
4
4 . 5
69.0 26.5
2.0 97.
8
1
7 . 9
92 .1
EPA42 0
-R
-08-
015
F
-5
HP/
TON
CU-FT
CU-FT-
WT
-MPG
-MPG
TON-MP(
0341
27 . 2
0340
30.7
0337
31 . 6
1601
3565
0353
30.3
1823
3422
0345
30.3
1870
3425
0336
31.1
2113
3523
0322
32 . 9
2255
3746
0324
34 . 3
2377
3906
0336
34 . 0
2363
3876
0342
34 . 3
2373
3896
0354
35. 4
2453
4025
0364
35. 8
2535
4074
0379
35. 9
2540
4087
0389
37 . 3
2588
4230
0396
37 . 4
2574
4245
0407
38 . 2
2528
4342
0428
37 . 4
24 97
4242
0427
38 . 0
2471
4333
0434
38 . 4
24 97
4376
0437
38 . 0
2457
4320
0465
38.5
24 91
4402
0459
38 . 6
2505
4407
0476
39.0
2522
4464
0477
39.5
2552
4500
0480
39.4
2538
4485
04 99
39.2
2512
4 4 47
0503
39.6
2529
4500
0519
39.8
2581
4571
0529
40.8
2628
4675
0528
41. 6
2667
4737
0515
42 . 8
2793
4 900
0531
42 . 8
2759
4874
0524
45.3
2914
5157
0524
45.8
294 9
5210
FIVE WT HYBRID
2 . 3
2 . 7
3.6
4 . 0
3. 9
8 . 9
11. 0
10.1
1. 3
22 . 0
2 . 7
20. 9
2 . 4
29.4
3.4
25.3
3.0
45.0
3.6
55.3
2 . 2
54 . 7
1
9
. 7
68 . 5
4
9
. 2
78.5
3
8
79.3
7
8
73.0
9
6
September 2008
-------
Table F-6
Characteristics
of 1975 to 2008 Large Car
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPD CID
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
1555
.189
13.1
10.2
12 . 6
11. 2
5142
409
180
13.5
117
439
1976
1679
. 173
14 . 2
11.1
13.5
12 .1
5156
410
180
13. 4
117
440
1977
2319
.205
15. 9
12 . 4
15.2
13.5
4482
128 .1
366
165
12 . 8
118
453
1978
2048
.183
16.8
13. 0
16.3
14 . 3
4394
128 . 5
357
162
12 . 8
118
457
1979
2111
.196
17 . 4
13.7
16.5
14 . 8
4210
130. 0
339
154
12 . 9
116
454
1980
963
.102
19.1
14 7
18 8
16.3
4130
130. 9
314
137
14 0
112
440
1981
956
.109
20.4
15. 4
20.8
17 . 4
4108
131. 0
304
133
14 3
111
444
1982
832
.106
20.7
15. 6
21. 0
17 . 7
4034
131. 0
292
135
13. 9
112
468
1983
1079
. 135
20.2
15.2
20.6
17 . 3
4041
131. 3
292
140
13. 4
113
481
1984
1236
. 116
20.5
15.5
21. 0
17 . 5
4022
130. 9
294
140
13. 4
114
478
1985
1512
.140
22 . 3
16.6
23.3
19.1
3841
129.3
279
143
12 . 7
116
512
1986
1267
. 115
23. 9
17 . 6
25. 4
20.4
3719
127 . 4
260
147
12 .1
119
577
1987
1218
. 113
23. 9
17 . 4
25. 4
20.3
3696
127 . 0
259
149
11. 8
120
587
1988
1303
. 121
24 . 2
17 . 6
25. 6
20.6
3730
128 .1
262
150
11. 9
120
587
1989
1289
. 129
24 . 0
17 . 3
25.3
20.4
3721
127 . 4
261
158
11. 4
122
619
1990
1092
. 124
23.7
16. 9
25.1
20.0
3799
126.7
258
161
11. 4
123
639
1991
1012
. 119
23. 6
16.8
24 8
19. 9
3893
129. 0
264
178
10.7
127
685
1992
1240
. 153
23. 8
16.8
25. 0
20.0
3872
129. 6
262
185
10.4
130
715
1993
1103
. 130
24 . 2
17 . 0
25.2
20.3
3831
128 . 9
256
181
10.5
129
720
1994
1277
. 152
24 .1
16.8
24 9
20.1
3859
128 . 3
248
188
10.2
131
766
1995
1305
. 139
24 . 4
16. 9
25. 4
20.4
3830
127 . 9
248
206
9.4
138
845
1996
1066
. 135
24 . 3
16.7
25.3
20.3
3894
128 .1
250
217
9.2
140
879
1997
1195
.143
24 . 5
16.8
25. 4
20.4
3821
127 . 4
242
216
9.1
141
903
1998
912
. 114
24 . 6
16.8
25.2
20.4
3784
127 . 4
240
218
8 . 9
142
922
1999
1059
. 126
24 . 8
16.8
25.2
20.5
3854
127 . 0
235
222
8 . 9
143
971
2000
1665
.182
25. 6
17 . 3
25.7
21. 0
3782
124 . 9
221
215
9.2
141
980
2001
1416
.168
25. 4
17 . 1
25.5
20.8
3774
124 . 8
221
204
9.5
137
932
2002
1252
. 151
26.0
17 . 4
25.7
21. 2
3767
124 . 0
218
209
9.3
139
975
2003
1261
. 159
26.0
17 . 3
25. 6
21.1
3841
124 . 8
224
208
9.5
138
929
2004
1185
. 157
26.0
17 . 2
25. 6
21.1
3858
124 . 7
225
211
9.4
139
944
2005
1234
. 154
26.4
17 . 4
25.5
21. 2
3933
125. 0
225
216
9.5
139
964
2006
1570
.196
26.0
17 . 1
25.2
20. 9
4014
124 . 7
229
238
8 . 9
145
1
045
2007
1162
.145
26.1
17 . 1
25. 4
21. 0
4022
123.7
227
234
9.1
144
1
035
2008
1646
.193
26.8
17 . 5
26.3
21. 6
3980
123. 4
221
241
8 . 7
147
1
109
Percent of Large Car:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR
1975
1
5
. 0
1976
1
5
. 0
1. 2
1977
1
5
. 5
1978
1
1
2
5
. 2
1 4
1979
6
5
. 2
3.5
1980
41
6
2 . 0
10.4
1981
89
8
17 .1
15.2
1982
93
1
20.1
10.0
1983
99
9
37 . 3
2 4
1984
99
9
39.0
8
1985
31
9
100
0
19.1
44.9
3
1986
55
9
. 7
99
2
65. 4
i—1
(jn
CD
99
3
7
1987
60
9
. 5
99
5
6 9.9
15.2
98
9
1
1
1988
58
7
. 4
99
6
76. 9
12 . 6
98
9
1
1
1989
61
9
. 3
99
7
74.8
22 . 2
99
2
8
1990
69
0
. 2
99
8
92 . 9
6.0
99
5
5
1991
59
8
. 4
99
6
83.3
16.7
99
1
9
1992
58
5
. 3
98
5
89.2
10.7
1
98
1
1
9
1993
64
8
. 4
98
2
89.7
10.3
92
0
8
0
1994
69
2
. 2
99
0
9 9.9
1
82
9
17
1
1995
71
3
. 2
98
3
100. 0
0
76
5
23
5
1996
67
7
. 1
99
3
100. 0
61
6
38
4
1997
72
4
. 4
99
6
100. 0
64
4
35
6
1998
74
2
. 1
99
9
100. 0
60
2
39
8
1999
72
5
100
0
100. 0
49
7
50
3
2000
80
9 . 0
100
0
100. 0
60
2
1
2
38
6
2001
79
3 .1
100
0
100. 0
64
0
2
3
33
6
2002
86
6 . 0
100
0
100. 0
62
8
2
1
35
0
2003
77
1 .3
100
0
100. 0
72
7
1
7
25
5
2004
77
1 1.3
100
0
100. 0
65
9
1
4
31
9
2005
68
6 3.8
96
7
3.2
100. 0
64
4
9
34
4
2006
62
7 3.8
. 1
96
8
3.0
100. 0
48
6
9
50
2
2007
70
8 3.9
. 1
98
7
1.1
100. 0
52
9
4
46
8
2008
71
6 3.7
. 8
99
1
. 0 100.0
28
5
2
71
3
E PA4 20-R-08-015 F-6
HP/
TON
CU-FT
CU-FT
WT
-MPG
-MPG
TON-MP
. 0348
28 . 9
. 0349
31.1
. 0370
30. 4
1759
3895
0370
31. 7
1869
4071
0365
31. 3
1940
4073
0331
34 . 0
2156
4 4 4 8
0325
36. 4
2318
4762
. 0337
36. 0
2333
4715
. 0347
35. 0
2272
4590
. 0349
35.3
2298
4622
. 0371
36.7
2470
4743
. 0396
38 . 0
2610
4845
. 0405
37 . 6
2588
4774
. 0405
38 . 4
2644
4 923
0427
37 . 9
2598
4829
. 0427
38 . 0
2542
4819
. 0459
38 . 8
2575
5011
. 0480
38 . 8
2601
5032
. 0473
38 . 9
2627
5024
. 0487
38 . 8
2587
4 986
. 0539
39.1
2618
5003
0557
39.5
2601
5058
0567
39.0
2606
4 968
. 0575
38 . 5
2601
4 909
. 0576
39.5
2608
5014
. 0564
39.7
2627
4958
. 0538
39.3
2607
4912
. 0554
CO
2637
4951
. 0538
40.6
2648
5068
0546
40.6
2642
5073
0545
41 . 8
2670
5230
. 0589
42 . 2
2630
5263
. 0578
42 . 5
2628
5262
. 0602
43.3
2703
5343
FIVE
WT
HYBRID
. 7
. 9
. 5
. 7
1 . 2
1 . 8
2 . 5
1. 8
. 0
7 . 2
. 1
9.1
. 0
6. 9
. 0
8 . 9
. 8
10.6
. 4
8 . 8
. 3
29.2
49.8
57 . 4
September 2008
-------
Table F-7
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Small Wagon
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPD CID
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
477
. 058
22 . 4
17 . 4
21. 6
19.1
2833
128
87
i—1
CD
104
713
1976
345
. 036
23. 9
18 7
22 . 9
20.4
2902
136
86
15.2
103
668
1977
384
. 034
25.5
20.2
23. 8
21. 7
2801
108 . 0
134
85
14 9
104
685
1978
361
. 032
24 . 3
19.2
22 . 9
20.7
2805
108 . 0
134
90
14 3
105
709
1979
310
. 029
25.7
20.3
24 3
21. 9
2711
105.1
123
81
15.1
102
684
1980
310
. 033
28 . 6
22 . 6
27 . 0
24 . 4
2591
108 . 2
113
75
15. 4
101
685
1981
418
. 048
30. 0
23. 6
28 5
25. 6
2531
110. 6
108
79
14 4
103
755
1982
382
. 049
30. 6
23. 9
29.4
26.1
2580
112 . 2
109
75
15.3
101
698
1983
531
. 066
32 . 2
25.3
30.5
27 . 4
2565
108 . 2
105
74
15.3
101
713
1984
461
. 043
31. 9
24 9
30.7
27 . 2
2620
116.5
107
77
15.2
102
719
1985
496
. 046
32 . 5
25. 4
30. 9
27 . 7
2579
117 . 7
106
78
15. 0
102
727
1986
348
. 032
31. 0
24 2
29.2
26.3
2647
118 . 4
113
82
14 . 7
103
730
1987
361
. 034
30.7
23. 8
28 9
25. 9
2795
120.0
116
91
14 2
106
788
1988
253
. 024
31. 3
24 3
29.0
26.3
2757
118 . 7
113
93
13.7
107
829
1989
159
. 016
31. 5
24 2
29.4
26.4
2766
118 . 6
112
96
13.5
108
862
1990
160
. 018
29.6
22 . 4
27 . 7
24 . 7
3026
122 . 2
120
110
12 . 9
111
920
1991
209
. 025
30. 6
22 . 8
28 9
25. 4
3005
123.3
120
106
13.3
110
880
1992
143
. 018
30.2
22 . 3
28 6
25. 0
3076
123.7
122
123
12 . 4
116
1
017
1993
301
. 036
32 . 5
23.7
31. 0
26. 9
2882
123. 0
118
99
13.5
108
842
1994
206
. 025
32 . 9
23. 6
31. 7
27 .1
2908
122 . 9
121
103
13.3
110
848
1995
198
. 021
33.3
23. 9
31. 8
27 . 3
2859
122 .1
118
100
13. 4
109
844
1996
90
. 011
31. 6
22 . 5
30. 0
25. 8
2952
118 . 0
122
114
12 . 5
113
928
1997
149
. 018
32 . 2
22 . 7
30. 8
26.3
2901
119.5
124
117
11. 8
116
943
1998
98
. 012
32 .1
22 . 3
30.7
26.1
2874
116. 9
124
119
11. 7
117
959
1999
78
. 009
31. 5
21. 8
30.1
25.5
2923
117 . 9
125
126
11. 3
119
1
004
2000
68
. 007
29.2
20.0
28 2
23.7
3107
119.7
127
143
10.7
123
1
129
2001
212
. 025
27 . 3
19.0
25. 4
22 . 0
3470
119. 6
145
148
11. 3
121
1
022
2002
236
. 028
26.1
18 0
24 4
21.1
3504
118 . 2
145
156
11. 0
124
1
085
2003
338
. 042
30.2
20.8
27 .1
23. 9
3262
115.2
127
146
11. 0
123
1
162
2004
300
. 040
31. 4
21. 6
27 . 7
24 . 7
3235
117 . 5
126
166
10.1
130
1
298
2005
365
. 045
32 . 4
22 . 2
28 4
25.3
3160
115. 9
122
156
10. 4
127
1
268
2006
493
. 062
31. 4
21. 3
27 . 8
24 . 6
3255
118 . 4
127
160
10.5
128
1
244
2007
393
. 049
31. 6
21. 4
28 2
24 . 8
3267
111. 9
127
160
10.4
128
1
249
2008
556
. 065
32 .1
21. 8
28 6
25.2
3294
114 . 6
129
164
10.3
129
1
258
Percent of Small Wagon:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR
1975
13
3
48.6
8
1976
12
2
42 . 8
3.
2
1977
23
3
52 . 9
6 .
4
6
1978
23
0
56.3
6 .
9
1979
13
3
12 .1
59.3
1.
0
1980
24
4
9.8
67 . 3
4 . 6
1.
1
6.3
1981
57
9
8 . 0
62 . 0
8 .1
4 .
0
2 2
1982
68
3
8 . 9
54 . 0
19.4
4 .
8
7
1 2
1983
55
4
39.3
51. 0
23.7
3.
7
17 0
3
1984
81
4
15. 6
43.7
39.2
5.
1
32 2
1 6
1985
60
0
39.6
42 . 7
42 . 2
6 .
2
15. 4
5
1986
78
4
20.7
43.3
29.0
6 .
8
24 . 3
8
100. 0
1987
76
6
23. 4
34 . 4
41. 0
29.
2
42 . 6
78.8
4 . 9
16.3
1988
80
2
19.8
37 . 8
34 . 6
30.
6
62 8
80.5
. 6
18 . 9
1989
89
9
10.1
26.6
51. 8
41.
0
48.8
59.8
3.2
36. 9
1990
68
3
31. 7
30. 6
58 . 8
59.
4
40.6
35.5
64 . 5
1991
79
1
20. 9
24 4
74.1
80.
0
20.0
51. 4
48.6
1992
73
0
25.5
30. 9
68 . 2
95.
3
4 7
54 . 7
45.3
1993
83
2
16.2
28 9
70.6
95.
8
4 2
73.5
26.5
1994
88
6
10.6
26.3
72 .1
97 .
8
2 2
79.2
20.8
1995
92
8
4 . 6
23. 8
76.2
100.
0
74.3
25.7
1996
84
5
11. 2
20.8
79.2
100.
0
48.9
51.1
1997
82
9
14 . 4
19.6
80.4
100.
0
59.3
40.7
1998
78
9
18 . 3
18 . 8
81. 2
100.
0
50. 9
45.6
1999
71
8
22 . 8
20.1
77 . 6
100.
0
36. 8
58 . 7
2000
71
5
17 . 9
15.2
78.0
100.
0
. 8
95. 8
2001
92
6
5.1
14 9
84 . 5
100.
0
2 . 6
95.2
2002
82
0
14 . 9
19.6
79.8
99.
1
9
4 . 7
1. 6
91. 5
2003
86
2
11. 7
16.6
83. 4
98 .
0
2 0
3.8
1.1
93.2
2004
85
7
13. 4
15.7
84 . 3
98 .
8
1 2
2 . 5
. 9
95. 0
2005
89
0
10.7
15.5
84 . 5
98 .
9
1 1
20. 9
. 6
77 . 9
2006
90
8
8 . 8
11. 9
88 .1
100.
0
10.4
89.6
2007
90
0
9.0
11. 0
89.0
100.
0
8 . 3
91. 7
2008
90
0
9.8
22 . 6
77 . 4
4.4 95.
6
100. 0
EPA42 0
1
1
o
CO
1
015
F
-7
HP/
TON
CU-FT
CU-FT
WT
-MPG
-MPG
TON-MP
. 0307
27 . 3
. 0297
29.8
. 0305
30. 8
2404
3317
. 0319
29.5
2291
3176
. 0295
29.8
2335
3135
. 0289
32 . 0
2702
3463
. 0313
32 . 6
2858
3601
. 0289
33. 8
2951
3789
. 0289
35.3
2986
3817
. 0294
35. 9
3206
4180
. 0300
35. 9
3296
4227
. 0308
35.1
3162
4150
. 0324
36.5
3152
4378
. 0336
36. 4
3147
4317
. 0344
3 6.6
3154
4339
. 0361
37 . 4
3047
4577
. 0350
38 . 3
3174
4726
. 0399
38 . 6
3133
4774
. 0343
38 . 9
3342
4784
. 0352
39.6
3381
4872
. 0348
39.2
3372
4782
. 0382
38 . 2
3079
4507
. 0404
38 . 2
3173
4562
. 0412
37 . 5
3079
4393
. 0428
37 . 4
3046
4413
. 0459
36. 9
2860
4414
. 0426
38 . 2
2639
4570
. 0445
37 .1
2504
4384
.0448
39.6
2812
4557
. 0506
40.1
2943
4719
. 0487
40.3
2984
4671
. 0486
40.1
2940
4755
. 0485
40.7
2832
4571
. 04 92
41. 7
2937
47 99
FIVE WT HYBRID
1. 4
. 5
3.5
4 . 5
4 . 5
3.0
3
5
3.5
4
4
16.3
CO
4
43.1
2
2
4 .1
2
2
2 . 2
1
9
48.3
1
6
51. 5
6
60. 4
1
55.5
1
49.2
0
58 . 5
September 2008
-------
Table F-6
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Mid-Size Wagon
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPD CID
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
1975
289
. 035
13.2
10
2
12 . 9
11. 3
47 91
361
162
13. 8
115
473
. 0338
27 . 4
1976
485
. 050
16.0
12
6
15.1
13. 6
4555
315
142
14 8
110
458
. 0311
31. 2
1977
548
. 048
16.3
12
9
15.3
13. 9
4410
143.6
297
135
15.1
109
459
. 0305
30.7
2015
4417
1978
503
. 045
18 . 6
14
6
17 . 6
15. 8
3836
140.0
258
123
14 4
109
484
. 0320
30.5
2240
4266
1979
482
. 045
19.1
15
2
17 . 9
16.3
3758
139.7
249
118
14 7
108
480
. 0313
30.7
2295
4293
1980
257
. 027
21.1
16
5
20.1
18 . 0
3534
139.7
228
107
15. 0
106
482
. 0304
31. 9
2542
4455
1981
272
. 031
23.1
18
1
21. 8
19.6
3285
136.2
193
103
14 5
107
562
. 0316
32 . 4
2714
4417
1982
284
. 036
23.7
18
5
22 . 6
20.2
3384
136.1
205
108
14 3
108
551
. 0320
34 . 3
2781
4 6 6 9
1983
276
. 034
24 . 4
19
1
23.3
20.8
3348
136.2
200
109
14 1
108
568
. 0325
35. 0
2869
4759
1984
365
. 034
25. 0
19
4
24 2
21. 3
3298
135. 9
172
107
14 1
108
633
. 0324
35.3
2922
47 93
1985
341
. 032
25.2
19
4
24 6
21. 5
3356
134 . 8
170
112
13. 9
109
679
. 0334
36.2
2909
4876
1986
409
. 037
26.0
19
8
25.7
22 .1
3355
137 . 8
162
115
13. 6
110
718
. 0342
37 .1
3055
5116
1987
359
. 033
25. 6
19
3
25. 6
21. 8
3434
140.2
173
125
13. 0
113
735
. 0363
37 . 4
3059
5245
1988
285
. 027
26.2
19
4
26.5
22 . 2
3378
139. 4
171
126
12 . 7
114
743
. 0372
37 . 7
3113
5249
1989
239
. 024
25. 6
18
8
25. 9
21. 7
3436
139. 9
176
132
12 . 4
116
765
. 0383
37 . 3
3038
5217
1990
184
. 021
25.3
18
3
25. 9
21. 3
3498
141. 6
181
139
12 . 0
118
782
. 0397
37 . 4
3030
5298
1991
122
. 014
25. 9
18
6
26.4
21. 8
3506
142 . 3
181
140
12 . 0
118
794
. 0401
38 . 3
3111
5451
1992
137
. 017
26.2
18
6
26. 9
21. 9
3503
142 . 6
188
143
11. 8
119
111
. 0408
38 . 5
3143
5502
1993
166
. 020
26.2
18
7
26.6
21. 9
3498
137 . 7
188
144
11. 7
120
790
. 0411
38 . 4
3028
5296
1994
138
. 016
26.0
18
4
26.4
21. 7
3532
137 . 4
180
151
11. 4
122
863
. 0428
38 . 4
2987
5273
1995
176
. 019
26.6
18
8
26.6
22 .1
3482
135. 9
167
148
11. 4
121
915
. 0426
38.5
3008
5235
1996
169
. 021
26.3
18
5
25. 8
21. 7
3661
136. 9
161
153
11. 6
122
965
. 0422
39.8
2982
5458
1997
149
. 018
26.3
18
5
25.5
21. 6
3 6 6 6
136.5
160
158
11. 3
123
1
001
. 0434
39.5
2948
5403
1998
153
. 019
26.2
18
5
25. 0
21. 4
3668
135.3
155
169
10.7
127
1
097
. 0461
39.3
2909
5327
1999
181
. 022
26.3
18
3
25. 4
21. 5
3691
136. 4
157
169
10.8
126
1
087
. 0457
39.7
2940
5419
2000
234
. 026
27 . 3
18
9
25.7
22 .1
3572
134 . 0
153
162
11. 0
125
1
060
. 0452
39.5
2982
5294
2001
236
. 028
26.6
18
5
24 8
21. 5
3775
133. 6
155
175
10.7
128
1
139
. 0463
40.7
2905
5433
2002
208
. 025
27 . 4
18
9
25. 4
22 . 0
3731
133. 6
152
172
10.7
127
1
136
. 0460
41 0
2953
5477
2003
171
. 022
27 . 2
18
6
25. 4
21. 9
3745
133.5
151
174
10.7
127
1
157
. 0463
40. 9
2936
5461
2004
158
. 021
26.4
17
9
24 7
21. 2
3860
135. 0
158
189
10.3
131
1
208
.0489
41. 0
2877
5531
2005
238
. 030
26.0
17
4
24 4
20.8
3839
133.3
183
213
9.3
139
1
195
. 0547
40.0
2810
5338
2006
220
. 027
26.4
17
7
24 7
21.1
3827
135. 6
182
221
9.1
142
1
221
. 0570
40.4
2884
5481
2007
173
. 022
26.6
17
8
24 8
21. 2
3834
135.3
181
214
9.4
139
1
208
. 0550
40.8
2908
5519
2008
173
. 020
26.8
18
0
25.1
21. 4
3845
133.2
176
204
9.7
136
1
172
. 0524
41 3
2881
5497
Percent of Mid-Size Wagon:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
FIVE
WT
HYBRID
1975
4
0
7 . 6
2
1976
7
1
3.4
1
1977
4
6
3.5
3
1978
5
3
17
2
3.0
3
1979
5
3
9
1
2 . 5
2 5
1980
9
9
43
8
4 . 3
5. 9
1981
35
6
12
8
28
5
6. 9
5. 9
1982
28
2
7
4
62
6
5.7
6.3
1983
32
8
6
2
50
2
7 . 9
2 3
1984
69
9
5
4
62
5
10.4
20.3
2 5
1985
69
5
4 5
5
9
64
7
25.7
30.5
1 8
1986
82
2
2 1
9
1
71
0
51. 3
28 . 0
2
100. 0
1987
83
9
1
4
4
83
6
71 7
22 . 8
8
100. 0
1988
87
7
7
3
8
87
2
70.2
29.8
100. 0
1989
77
5
8 2
7
1
80
7
87 . 7
12 . 3
99.0
1. 0
1990
81
1
4
1
7
87
9
98 . 5
1. 5
9 6.6
3.4
1991
79
6
1 3
2
4
85
6
99.3
. 7
96. 4
3.6
1992
80
8
6
1
7
88
9
99.7
. 3
89.7
10.3
1993
87
0
6
1
8
91
2
100. 0
CO
CO
11. 6
1994
89
0
4
1
6
94
0
100. 0
79.9
20.1
6.2
1995
64
8
27 8
10
1
86
7
100. 0
49.2
CJi
o
CO
6.1
1996
61
0
39.0
12
9
87
1
99.2
8
36.5
63.5
6.8
1997
48
5
51 5
13
4
86
6
99.9
.1
32 . 4
67 . 6
4 . 8
1998
32
7
64 2
13
7
86
3
100. 0
12 . 9
3.1
82 . 4
1 6
8 . 9
1999
44
8
52 0
12
1
87
9
100. 0
16. 9
3.2
69.8
10.1
10.6
2000
54
4
43.3
9
9
90
1
100. 0
25.7
2 . 3
61. 3
10.6
19.8
2001
42
4
56.5
8
5
91
5
100. 0
11. 4
2 . 4
74.0
12 2
39.1
2002
49
0
50.3
8
9
91
1
100. 0
7 . 2
1. 9
80.0
10. 9
36.7
2003
46
9
52 7
8
9
90
8
100. 0
7 . 0
. 7
74.1
18 . 2
30. 9
2004
40
3
58 2
7
3
92
7
99.4
6
5.0
3.7
76.5
14 . 9
48.6
2005
19
9
49.3
6
8
93
2
98 . 6
1 4
14 . 8
1. 0
79.8
4 4
31. 3
2006
19
7
44.1
4
8
95
2
100. 0
5. 9
. 8
93.2
34 .1
2007
39
3
42 . 9
4
8
95
2
100. 0
10.6
89.4
27 . 4
2008
33
3
51 7
5
9
94
1
3.6 96.4
100. 0
23.1
E PA4 20-R-08-015
F-8
September 2008
-------
Table F-9
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Large Wagon
MODEL
YEAR
SALES
< FUEL ECONOMY >
(000) FRAC LAB
55/45
AD J
CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
WGHT VOL
LB CU-FT
ENGINE
CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
HP/
CID
HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
1975
197
. 024
11. 9
9.3
11. 6
10.2
5453
410
181
14 . 0
116
.441
. 0333
27 . 9
1976
207
. 021
13.5
10.6
12 . 9
11. 5
5444
416
185
13.7
117
.445
. 0340
31. 4
1977
340
. 030
15.5
12 . 2
14 . 6
13.2
4713
163.1
365
161
13. 6
115
.442
. 0342
31. 4
2185
5113
1978
293
. 026
15. 9
12 . 4
15. 4
13. 6
4664
162 . 4
354
162
13. 4
116
.460
. 0348
31. 8
2216
5161
1979
275
. 026
16.1
12 . 8
15.1
13.7
4466
162 . 5
333
155
13. 4
115
.465
. 0346
30.7
2240
4 9 9 6
1980
102
. 011
19.1
14 . 7
18 . 9
16.3
4423
161. 5
323
134
15.2
109
.418
. 0304
36. 9
2690
5953
1981
108
. 012
19. 9
15. 0
20.3
17 . 0
4394
161. 4
312
131
15.3
108
.424
. 0299
38 . 2
27 97
6154
1982
146
. 019
19.2
14 . 4
19.8
16.4
4396
161. 3
306
139
14 . 6
110
.456
. 0316
36.5
2677
5877
1983
130
. 016
19.6
14 . 7
20.2
16.7
4379
161. 6
307
142
14 .1
112
.465
. 0325
36. 8
2714
5940
1984
176
. 017
19. 9
14 . 9
20.5
17 . 0
4371
161. 7
305
144
13. 9
112
.472
. 0330
37 . 3
2760
6028
1985
145
. 013
20. 9
15. 6
21. 8
17 . 9
4354
161. 7
305
153
13.2
115
. 504
. 0354
39.0
2894
6299
1986
120
. 011
22 . 0
16.2
23.3
18 . 8
4381
161. 4
304
146
13. 9
113
.479
. 0334
41. 3
3040
6656
1987
88
. 008
22 .1
16.3
23.1
18 . 9
4348
161. 8
304
143
14 . 0
112
.470
. 0330
41. 0
3051
6634
1988
75
. 007
22 . 8
16.8
23. 4
19.4
434 9
161. 7
304
143
14 . 0
112
.470
. 0330
42 .1
3131
6807
1989
63
. 006
22 . 5
16.5
23. 0
19.0
4334
161. 8
304
143
13. 9
112
.471
. 0332
41. 2
3081
6671
1990
31
. 004
22 . 7
16.5
23.1
19.1
4337
161. 6
304
143
13. 9
112
.471
. 0332
41. 5
3092
6701
1991
34
. 004
22 . 9
16.3
24 . 2
19.4
4402
169.1
304
177
11. 9
122
. 581
. 0404
42 . 6
3273
7207
1992
27
. 003
22 . 7
15. 9
24 . 3
19.1
4500
170.3
338
177
12 .1
121
. 526
. 0394
43.1
3261
7337
1993
19
. 002
22 . 5
15. 6
24 . 3
19.0
4500
169.3
340
174
12 . 2
120
. 513
. 0386
42 . 7
3214
7231
1994
16
. 002
22 . 9
15. 9
24 .1
19.2
4500
169.2
350
250
9.1
144
.714
. 0556
43.3
3254
7321
1995
10
. 001
22 . 8
15. 8
23. 9
19.1
4500
169.3
350
250
9.1
144
.714
. 0556
43.0
3233
7274
1996
9
. 001
23.2
15. 9
24 . 5
19.4
4500
170.2
350
260
8 . 9
147
.743
. 0578
43.6
3298
7421
2004
98
. 013
22 . 0
14 . 9
20. 9
17 . 8
4769
165. 0
215
249
9.6
140
1.158
. 0524
42 . 4
2936
6 9 9 6
2005
118
. 015
22 . 2
14 . 9
21.1
17 . 9
47 91
165. 0
217
244
9.8
139
1.125
. 0510
42 . 9
2958
7078
2006
102
. 013
21. 9
14 . 8
20.7
17 . 7
4806
164 . 4
219
254
9.5
142
1.165
. 0531
42 . 4
2911
6 9 6 9
2007
74
. 009
21. 6
14 . 2
21. 5
17 . 6
4800
159.3
247
254
9.6
142
1. 031
. 0530
42 . 4
2826
6751
2008
74
. 009
22 . 0
14 . 6
21. 5
17 . 9
4851
159. 4
233
249
9.7
140
1. 074
. 0515
43.4
2856
6915
Percent of Large Wagon:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
FIVE
WT
HYBRID
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
2004
46
1
53. 9
2005
60
1
39. 9
2006
57
8
42 . 2
2007
58
9
41.1
2008
53
7
42 .1
74.0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
23.7
30.3
30.2
33.1
32 . 7
19.5
1. 4
. 2
24 .1
25. 8
29.2
80.5
100. 0
100. 0
26.7
25.2
11
4
1
0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100
0
100. 0
100
0
100. 0
100
0
100. 0
100
0
100. 0
100
0
14 . 5
85.5
100
0
. 0
19.0
81. 0
14 . 5
99
4
.6 11.9
11. 7
76.4
5.3
99
4
.6 14.5
85.5
23.3
E PA4 20-R-08-015
F-9
September 2008
-------
Light-Duty Automotive Technology and
Appendix G
Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and
Weight Class
This technical report does not necessarily represent final EPA decisions or
positions. It is intended to present technical analysis of issues using data
that are currently available. The purpose in the release of such reports is to
facilitate the exchange of technical information and to inform the public of
technical developments.
Fuel Economy Trends
1975 Through 2008
~
#
Compliance and Innovative Strategies Division
and
Transportation and Climate Division
Offce of T ransportation and Air Quality
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
NOTICE
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
EPA420-R-08-015
September 2008
-------
Table G-l
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 1750 lb. Cars
MODEL
YEAR
< FUEL ECONOMY >
(000) FRAC LAB AD J
55/45 CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
WGHT VOL
LB CU-FT
ENGINE
CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
HP/
CID
HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
1985
37
.003
57 .4
46 7
51 .5
CD
CO
1750
82
6
61
48
15.7
96
. 787
. 0274
42 . 8
4037
3533
1986
81
.005
55 . 9
45 4
49.4
47 .1
1750
84
6
61
46
16.3
95
. 759
. 0264
42 . 0
4052
3546
1987
38
.003
56.8
45 4
50.5
47 . 6
1750
84
4
61
46
16.2
95
. 756
. 0264
41 . 9
4043
3537
1988
55
.004
51 . 6
41 . 2
45.1
42 . 9
1750
84
6
61
47
16.3
95
.766
. 0267
38 . 3
3695
3234
1989
25
.002
59.4
46 9
51 .4
49 0
1750
90
9
61
49
15.4
96
. 806
. 0281
42 . 8
4453
3896
1990
4
.000
65.3
50 . 7
56.7
53 . 4
1750
89
1
61
49
15.5
96
. 803
. 0280
46 . 7
4755
4161
1991
4
.000
65.3
50 . 2
56.3
53 . 0
1750
89
1
61
55
14 .1
100
. 902
. 0314
46 . 3
4719
4129
1992
8
.001
65.3
49 6
56.0
52 . 6
1750
89
1
61
55
14 .1
100
. 902
. 0314
46 . 0
4684
4098
1993
10
.001
65.3
49 1
55.6
52 . 2
1750
89
1
61
55
14 .1
100
. 902
. 0314
45 . 7
4649
4068
1994
8
.001
65.8
49 3
55.3
52 .1
1750
89
1
61
55
14 .1
100
. 902
. 0314
45 . 6
4645
4065
Percent of 1750 lb. Cars:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN
YEAR FRONT 4 WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
1985
100 . 0
90.1
1986
100 . 0
64 .7
100 . 0
1987
100 . 0
100.0
100 . 0
1988
100 . 0
59.5
2.8
100 . 0
1989
100 . 0
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
1990
100 . 0
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
1991
100 . 0
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
1992
100 . 0
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
1993
100 . 0
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
1994
100 . 0
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-l
September 2008
-------
Table G-2
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 2000 lb. Cars
MODEL
YEAR
< FUEL ECONOMY >
(000) FRAC LAB AD J
55/45 CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
WGHT VOL
LB CU-FT
ENGINE
CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
HP/
CID
HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
1975
105
.010
31 .4
24 . 5
30.1
26 . 7
2000
83
54
15.9
97
.655
. 0272
26 . 9
1976
154
.012
32 . 6
25 . 5
31. 0
27 . 8
2000
83
56
15.6
97
. 670
. 0279
28.0
1977
157
. 011
36.0
28 . 2
34 . 3
30 . 7
2000
73.7
84
61
14 . 4
100
.739
. 0307
31 .4
2307
2307
1978
270
. 019
34 . 9
27 . 8
32 . 5
29.7
2000
80.3
90
62
14 . 3
101
. 695
.0312
30.0
2423
2423
1979
234
. 017
32 . 0
25.4
29 9
27.2
2000
80 .1
88
62
14 . 3
101
.712
.0312
27 . 5
2208
2208
1980
280
. 025
33 . 0
26.1
30 . 9
28 . 0
2000
85 . 7
90
63
14 .3
101
. 696
. 0314
28 . 4
2434
2434
1981
209
. 020
38 . 4
30.8
35 . 0
32 . 6
2000
86 . 7
86
64
14 .0
102
. 744
. 0321
33 . 0
2857
2857
1982
157
.016
40.3
32 . 3
36 9
34 . 2
2000
87 . 3
86
61
14 . 5
100
.715
. 0308
34 . 6
3022
3022
1983
94
.009
43 6
34 . 9
40.2
37 .1
2000
86.0
84
61
14 . 4
100
.728
. 0308
37 .4
3216
3216
1984
92
. 007
44 3
35 . 4
40.8
37 . 7
2000
73.5
86
67
13 . 5
103
.776
. 0335
38 .2
2802
2802
1985
62
. 004
44 4
35.5
40 9
37 .7
2000
60.2
89
69
13 . 3
105
.782
.0348
38 . 7
2343
2343
1986
58
. 004
36 . 6
28.4
34 . 9
31 .0
2000
72 . 3
76
56
15 4
98
.750
.0281
33 . 0
2253
2253
1987
106
. 007
40 0
31. 7
36 2
33. 6
2000
79 . 9
70
55
15 9
97
.799
. 0276
35 . 0
2735
2735
1988
186
. 012
43 6
34 . 8
38 .3
36 . 4
2000
91 . 0
77
59
15.0
99
.770
. 0293
37 . 0
3341
3341
1989
135
.009
43.5
34 . 7
37 . 6
36 . 0
2000
92 .4
76
59
15.2
99
.782
. 0294
36 . 8
3357
3357
1990
71
.006
47.5
36 . 8
42.2
39 . 2
2000
92 . 7
72
58
15.2
99
.813
. 0290
39 . 6
3667
3667
1991
142
.011
47.1
36 2
41 4
38 . 6
2000
88.8
67
58
15.3
98
.866
. 0288
39.1
3475
3475
1992
120
. 010
47 3
36 2
41 2
38 . 5
2000
88 . 8
64
56
15 . 6
98
.886
. 0282
38 . 9
3461
3461
1993
111
. 008
48 . 6
36.7
42 . 3
39.3
2000
91.1
67
58
15 2
99
.870
.0291
39.8
3625
3625
1994
97
. 007
48 . 9
36 9
41 9
39.3
2000
91 . 9
62
56
15 7
98
. 902
. 0281
39 . 8
3656
3656
1995
33
. 002
53 . 7
39.7
46.0
42 . 7
2000
9 9.9
63
57
15.4
98
. 900
. 0284
42 . 8
4272
4272
1996
37
. 003
52 .3
38 . 6
44 .4
41 . 4
2000
9 9.9
72
60
14 . 8
99
.846
. 0298
41 . 5
4151
4151
1997
13
.001
54 .4
39 . 5
46.1
42 . 7
2000
90.5
61
55
15.7
97
. 902
. 0275
42 . 7
3866
3866
1998
11
.001
53 . 6
38 .1
46.1
41 . 9
2000
89.7
60
55
15.7
97
. 917
. 0275
41 . 9
3761
3761
1999
8
.001
50.3
35 . 4
43.5
39 . 3
2000
88.0
61
55
15 . 7
97
. 902
. 0275
39.3
3458
3458
2000
11
. 001
61. 6
42 7
51. 6
47.1
2000
68 .1
61
61
13 . 2
100
1. 005
.0306
48 . 8
3150
3150
2001
2
. 000
75 . 6
50.8
61 . 8
56.3
2000
50.0
61
67
11 . 0
103
1 .098
.0335
56.3
2814
2814
2002
1
. 000
75 . 3
50.2
60 . 7
55.5
2000
50 . 0
61
67
11 . 0
103
1 . 098
. 0335
55 . 5
2776
2776
2003
0
. 000
75 1
49.4
60 . 3
54 . 9
2000
50 . 0
61
67
11.0
103
1 . 098
. 0335
54 . 9
2747
2747
2004
0
.000
73.8
48 . 6
57 . 9
53 . 4
2000
50 . 0
61
67
11 0
103
1 .098
. 0335
53 . 4
2672
2672
2005
0
.000
74 .3
48 . 3
57 .7
53 . 3
2000
50 . 0
61
73
11 2
107
1 .197
. 0365
53 . 3
2663
2663
2006
0
.000
73.8
47 . 9
57 . 6
53 . 0
2000
50.0
61
73
11 0
107
1.197
. 0365
53.0
2649
2649
2008
30
. 002
49.5
33 . 4
40.5
37 .1
2000
50.0
61
70
13 . 0
105
1.148
. 0350
37 .1
1857
1857
Percent of 2000 lb. Cars:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN
YEAR FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING
PORT TBI DSL
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
1975
100 . 0
100.0
1976
92 . 5
89.7
1977
100 . 0
87 . 0
1978
100 . 0
100.0
1979
100 . 0
100.0
1980
100 . 0
83.9
1981
82 . 7
90. 6
1982
85 .1
93.0
2.5
1983
91 . 9
100.0
8.1
1984
98 . 7
96.7
3.1
1.3
1985
100 . 0
94 . 7
5.3
11 . 9
1986
100 . 0
100 . 0
100.0
1987
100 . 0
80 . 5
6.3
73 . 6
26 . 4
1988
93 . 9
6.1 99.0
14 .0
. 0
82.5
17 . 5
1989
100.0
65 . 0
37 . 9
19 . 3
91. 7
6.1
2 .1
1990
100.0
89 . 8
50.5
46.9
97 . 0
2 . 6
1991
100.0
68 . 4
29.1
69 . 2
98 . 7
1.3
1992
100.0
53 . 4
13.0
86 . 6
99 . 6
1993
100.0
76 . 2
28 . 7
71 . 3
98 . 2
1.8
1994
100.0
52 . 3
1. 5
98 . 5
98 . 5
1.5
1995
100.0
100 . 0
100.0
100 . 0
1996
100.0
100 . 0
100.0
100 . 0
1997
100.0
100 . 0
100.0
100 . 0
1998
100.0
100 . 0
100.0
100 . 0
1999
100.0
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
2000
52 . 4
100.0
52 . 4
47 . 6
47 . 6
52 . 4
52 . 4
52 .4
2001
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100.0
100.0
2002
100 . 0
100.0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100.0
100.0
2003
100 . 0
100.0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100.0
100.0
2004
100 . 0
100.0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100.0
100.0
2005
100 . 0
100.0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100.0
100.0
2006
100 . 0
100.0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100.0
100.0
2008
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-2
September 2008
-------
Table G-3
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 2250 lb. Cars
MODEL
YEAR
< FUEL ECONOMY >
(000) FRAC LAB
55/45
AD J
CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
WGHT VOL
LB CU-FT
ENGINE
CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
HP/
CID
HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
1975
375
.037
28.3
21 . 6
28.4
24 . 2
2250
89
6 6
15.3
100
.749
. 0294
27 . 4
1976
570
.046
29 6
23 . 2
28 2
25 . 2
2250
91
6 6
15.3
100
.736
. 0296
28 . 6
1977
851
.060
32 .1
25 0
30.8
27 . 3
2250
85.5
90
68
14 . 8
101
.762
. 0303
31 .3
2385
2683
1978
886
.061
31. 9
25 2
29 9
27.1
2250
85.6
89
67
15 . 0
100
.758
.0298
31. 3
2394
2694
1979
699
. 050
31 . 4
24 .7
29 6
26.7
2250
88 . 0
88
65
15 2
100
.745
.0291
30.5
2394
2694
1980
1162
. 103
32 . 4
25.6
30 . 4
27 . 5
2250
89 6
92
67
15.0
100
. 722
. 0296
31 . 6
2515
2830
1981
1191
. 113
34 . 4
27 . 2
32 .4
29 . 3
2250
91 . 3
96
68
14 .8
101
.710
. 0302
33 . 5
2713
3052
1982
884
.091
35 . 6
28 . 2
33.3
30 . 3
2250
92 . 5
94
6 6
15.0
100
.703
. 0294
34 . 5
2833
3187
1983
985
.096
36.2
28 . 6
34 .1
30 . 8
2250
96.4
94
67
14 . 9
101
.709
. 0298
35.1
3003
3379
1984
899
.064
37 .1
29 3
34 . 8
31 . 5
2250
97 .2
94
68
14 . 8
101
.721
. 0303
36.0
3113
3502
1985
840
. 058
37 . 5
29.8
34 . 9
31 . 9
2250
96.9
94
70
14 . 4
102
.748
.0312
36.3
3130
3521
1986
745
. 048
38 . 5
30 . 6
35 . 2
32 .5
2250
93 .1
93
68
14 . 8
101
.737
.0304
37 . 0
3068
3451
1987
461
. 031
39 0
30. 9
35 . 3
32 . 8
2250
89 7
90
69
14 . 6
102
.766
. 0308
37 . 2
2971
3343
1988
401
. 026
38 . 9
30. 6
35.1
32 . 6
2250
91 . 7
90
73
14 .0
104
.808
. 0325
36 . 9
3013
3390
1989
280
.019
38 .7
30 . 2
34 .8
32 . 2
2250
93.4
89
78
13.3
106
.876
. 0347
36 . 6
3041
3422
1990
97
.008
39.6
30 . 9
35.0
32 . 7
2250
87 . 6
86
77
13.5
105
.891
. 0341
37 . 3
2856
3213
1991
129
.010
38 .1
29 3
33. 9
31 . 3
2250
90.3
88
81
12 9
107
. 921
. 0360
35 . 9
2836
3190
1992
146
. 012
39.7
30 .1
35.4
32 . 5
2250
93.2
89
82
12 . 8
108
. 924
. 0365
37 .5
3107
3495
1993
136
. 010
38 . 7
29.2
34 . 3
31 .5
2250
94 . 4
88
81
12 . 8
108
. 921
.0362
36.0
3023
3401
1994
117
. 008
39 . 6
29.4
35 . 3
32 .1
2250
95 . 5
86
76
13 6
105
.885
. 0340
36 . 5
3104
3492
1995
161
. 011
40 4
30.0
35 . 6
32 . 6
2250
95 . 8
84
76
13.7
105
. 903
. 0339
37 . 0
3149
3543
1996
135
. 010
38 . 9
28 . 7
34 .1
31 . 2
2250
95 . 7
90
78
13.5
106
.869
.0349
35 . 3
2998
3373
1997
87
.006
39.3
28 . 7
34 .4
31 . 4
2250
92 .1
81
72
14 . 2
103
.891
. 0322
35.5
2913
3278
1998
26
.002
39.0
28 . 4
33.7
31 . 0
2250
89 8
80
80
13.0
107
1 .002
. 0356
35 .1
2799
3149
1999
23
.002
38 . 6
27 . 8
33.4
30 . 6
2250
88.1
80
81
13.0
107
1. 003
. 0359
34 .5
2704
3042
2000
43
. 003
39.6
28 . 2
34 . 3
31 . 2
2250
92 . 3
83
89
12 . 2
111
1.063
. 0395
35.2
2905
3268
2001
24
. 002
39 . 3
27 . 9
33 . 6
30.7
2250
86.6
80
81
12 . 8
107
1 . 015
.0361
35.2
2671
3005
2002
3
. 000
51 . 5
35 . 9
42 4
39.2
2250
77 . 9
78
88
10 6
111
1 .125
. 0393
45 . 6
2967
3338
2003
2
. 000
50 . 8
35.0
41 8
38 . 5
2250
82 . 9
81
93
10.5
113
1 .136
. 0414
44 . 4
3113
3502
2004
0
. 000
64 .5
44 . 5
48.8
46 . 8
2250
53 . 2
63
68
11 1
101
1 .073
. 0301
53 . 0
2467
2775
2005
5
.000
34 .1
23 . 6
29.0
26 . 4
2250
65 . 4
101
157
8 . 0
145
1 .520
.0698
31 . 4
1924
2165
2006
2
.000
34 .3
23 . 4
29 6
26 . 6
2250
50.0
100
166
7 . 5
149
1 . 615
. 0739
32 .3
1434
1613
2007
1
. 000
29.9
20 3
26.6
23 . 5
2250
50.0
110
232
5 . 7
182
2 .110
. 1031
26.4
1175
1322
2008
2
. 000
29.9
20.3
26 6
23.5
2250
50.0
110
220
5 . 9
176
2 . 002
.0979
26.4
1175
1322
Percent of 2250 lb. Cars:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN
YEAR FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
1975
46.1
90 . 3
22 . 6
1976
37 . 5
72 . 2
5.7
1977
43 . 0
78 . 9
14 .4
1 . 9
1978
41 . 6
80 . 6
16.7
4 .1
1979
44 . 8
87 . 0
15 6
5.5
1980
57 . 9
80 . 7
14 . 9
9.3
1981
69 . 8
82 . 7
5.0
6.5
9.2
1982
79 . 8
74 . 9
6.8
5.7
4 .7
1983
93 . 2
1 6
72 . 6
10.2
8.0
12 .1
1.4
1984
91.1
71 . 8
13.5
6.8
16 . 5
2 . 6
1985
97 .1
3
65 . 3
21 6
1. 6
8 . 6
. 1
1986
96.3
65.5
20.1
7 . 7
6 . 3
. 0
94 . 4
5
6
1987
96.3
70 5
14 .1
9.9
3.4
50 . 5
47
9
1 . 6
1988
100.0
69 9
18 0
9 . 4
28.1
51 . 6
20
4
28 . 0
1989
100.0
63 . 5
15.0
4 .5
5 .1
28.0
36 . 5
40
4
23 .1
1990
95.4
4 6
70.3
3 . 6
2.5
39 . 4
20.3
33 . 7
46
9
19 . 3
1991
95 . 7
4 .3
69 6
22 . 3
2.4
80 . 3
18 . 8
13 1
68
8
18 .1
1992
99 . 8
.2
80.0
12 . 5
.2
97 . 8
2 . 0
22 .1
57
3
20 . 6
1993
98 . 6
1.4
76.0
13 3
. 5
98 . 2
1. 8
12 . 2
71
8
16 .1
1994
100 . 0
79.9
16 6
96 5
3.5
37 . 7
54
8
7.5
1995
100 . 0
48 7
27 . 7
69 9
30.1
62 .1
6
2
31 . 6
1996
100 . 0
29.5
32 . 8
63 .1
36.9
56 8
4
8
38 .4
1997
100 . 0
39.1
4 . 4
38 . 2
61. 8
82 . 7
17.3
1998
100 . 0
22 8
100 . 0
100.0
1999
100 . 0
23.5
100.0
100 . 0
2000
40.6
39 3
100.0
100 . 0
33 . 9
2001
100.0
15 3
6 . 2
100.0
65. 6
34 . 4
16.5
2002
100.0
54 . 4
45 . 6
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
2003
100.0
65 . 3
34 . 7
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
2004
100.0
6 . 4
93 . 6
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
2005
37 .0
93 . 7
6 . 3
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
2006
20.0
80 . 0
20 . 0
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
2007
100 . 0
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
2008
100 . 0
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
6 . 2
45 . 6
34 . 7
93 . 6
6 . 3
20 . 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-3
September 2008
-------
Table G-4
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 2500 lb. Cars
MODEL
YEAR
< FUEL ECONOMY >
(000) FRAC LAB
55/45
AD J
CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
WGHT
LB
VOL
CU-FT
ENGINE
CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
HP/
CID
HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
1975
406
.040
24 .4
03
CO
23.8
ho
o
CO
2500
95
73
15.2
101
.774
. 0292
26 .1
1976
349
.028
26.2
20 . 2
25.8
22 . 4
2500
97
73
15.1
101
.755
. 0294
28.3
1977
465
. 033
29.3
23 0
27 9
24 . 9
2500
90.3
98
75
14 . 9
102
.764
. 0299
31 .5
2278
2847
1978
782
. 054
27 9
22 .1
26 2
23.8
2500
91. 6
101
74
15 .1
101
.734
.0297
30.0
2197
2746
1979
1078
. 078
27 . 9
22.2
25 . 8
23.7
2500
90 . 6
101
72
15 4
100
.710
.0287
29 . 8
2163
2703
1980
1172
. 104
28 . 0
22 3
26 0
23.8
2500
92 . 3
104
71
15 6
100
. 680
. 0283
30 . 0
2218
2772
1981
1531
. 145
29.4
23 . 2
27 . 6
25 . 0
2500
94 . 8
108
76
14 . 8
102
.711
. 0305
31 . 5
2398
2997
1982
1442
.148
31 .2
24 . 4
29.7
26 . 6
2500
91 . 5
106
72
15.4
101
. 683
. 0289
33 . 6
2469
3086
1983
1240
.120
32 .2
25 3
30.5
27 . 4
2500
94 .8
106
75
15.0
102
.705
. 0300
34 . 6
2643
3303
1984
1529
.109
32 . 7
25 6
31. 2
27.8
2500
96.3
107
78
14 . 7
103
.726
.0312
35.2
2721
3401
1985
1699
.118
32 . 8
25 6
31 . 5
28.0
2500
98 . 0
109
82
14 . 0
105
.760
.0330
35.4
2789
3486
1986
1622
. 106
33 . 7
26.3
31 . 8
28 . 6
2500
100 . 0
106
80
14 .3
104
. 759
. 0321
36 . 0
2881
3602
1987
1975
. 133
33 . 4
26.0
31 .3
28 . 2
2500
98 . 9
104
78
14 . 6
103
.749
. 0311
35 . 5
2809
3512
1988
1802
.118
34 .1
26 5
31 .5
28 . 6
2500
99.5
100
78
14 . 5
103
.785
. 0314
36.0
2868
3585
1989
1335
.092
34 . 4
26 4
31. 8
28 . 7
2500
98 .0
98
85
13 . 6
106
.865
. 0339
36 .1
2829
3536
1990
942
.075
35.1
26 9
32 .1
29 . 2
2500
94 .0
97
89
13.0
108
. 920
. 0356
36 . 7
2767
3458
1991
748
.059
35.8
27 . 2
32 . 7
29 . 6
2500
94 .2
96
91
12 . 8
109
. 957
. 0365
37 .2
2818
3522
1992
525
. 043
35. 9
26 8
33.1
29 . 6
2500
94 .1
97
94
12 . 5
110
. 980
.0376
37 . 3
2816
3520
1993
517
. 039
36 . 5
26 9
33 . 9
30.0
2500
93. 9
99
93
12 . 5
110
. 956
.0374
37 . 8
2844
3555
1994
424
. 030
36 . 0
26.3
33 . 5
29.5
2500
94 . 4
100
91
12 . 8
109
. 930
. 0366
37 . 3
2826
3532
1995
484
. 032
37 . 5
27 0
35 .1
30. 6
2500
94 .1
100
99
12.0
113
. 991
. 0396
38 . 5
2907
3634
1996
329
.025
37 .4
26 6
34 . 9
30 . 3
2500
95 . 3
103
102
11 8
114
.999
. 0407
38 . 2
2931
3664
1997
329
.023
37 .0
26 2
34 . 2
29 . 9
2500
94 .8
101
98
12 2
112
. 976
. 0393
37 . 6
2872
3590
1998
207
.014
37 .3
26 0
34 . 9
30 . 0
2500
99 6
104
97
12 1
112
. 948
. 0390
37 . 6
3001
3752
1999
253
. 017
35. 9
24 . 9
33.3
28 . 8
2500
93.1
105
103
11 . 7
114
. 983
. 0411
36.2
2721
3401
2000
166
. 010
36.7
25 4
33.7
29.3
2500
95.2
103
107
11 . 3
116
1. 049
.0428
36.8
2834
3543
2001
214
. 014
36 . 2
25.0
32 . 6
28.7
2500
99.8
100
102
11 . 7
114
1 . 032
.0408
36.1
2889
3611
2002
149
. 009
37 . 3
25.3
34 . 2
29.5
2500
100 .1
106
101
11 . 7
114
. 968
. 0406
37 .1
2975
3718
2003
39
. 002
40 8
28 0
35 . 3
31. 6
2500
93 . 6
94
112
10 9
119
1 .185
. 0448
39 . 8
3017
3771
2004
7
. 000
40.8
27 . 8
35.1
31 . 5
2500
92 . 6
94
112
10.8
119
1 .197
. 0450
39 . 6
2975
3718
2005
10
.001
41.1
27 . 8
35.1
31 . 5
2500
95 . 7
93
111
11.0
118
1 .193
. 0443
39 . 5
3052
3815
2006
2
.000
41 6
28 . 6
34 .3
31 . 6
2500
97 .4
91
106
11 3
116
1 .165
. 0424
39 . 5
3079
3849
2007
159
.010
42 4
28 . 9
35.3
32 . 2
2500
99.1
91
106
11 3
116
1.165
. 0424
40.3
3193
3991
2008
78
. 005
42 4
28 . 9
35.3
32 . 2
2500
98 . 7
91
106
11 . 3
116
1.165
. 0424
40.3
3179
3974
Percent of 2500 lb. Cars:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
1975
36
0
75.3
20 4
1976
18
3
67 . 5
12 . 9
1977
20
7
69.3
12 . 5
1.2
1978
34
3
53.2
8 . 0
1979
43
7
3.5
56.8
2.3
. 6
1980
47
9
3.9
52 . 5
3.8
2.8
1981
53
6
2 7
52 . 4
. 9
4 .1
2.5
1982
69
3
6
57 . 3
8 . 6
4 . 6
3.0
1983
68
9
13.1
51 . 3
20.7
3.2
. 1
. 4
1984
75
4
2 4
47 3
26.4
11 9
1 . 6
2 . 2
1985
77
1
9 2
53 . 7
19.8
15.7
4 .2
1 . 7
1986
94
3
9
49.5
22 .1
16 9
5.3
1 . 0
97 . 3
1 . 9
1987
97
7
8
47 .7
32 . 6
13 . 6
19.5
79 3
18.1
2 . 7
1988
99
7
.3
48.3
41 . 8
11 . 9
51 .5
68 . 2
18 . 2
13 . 6
1989
97
8
2.2
52 .0
37 . 6
24 . 7
47 . 3
55 . 3
20.2
24 . 5
1990
94
4
.1
56.7
34 . 2 .1
44 . 5
51. 0
41 3
11. 5
47 . 2
1991
94
7
.1
62 . 7
36.6 .1
64 . 0
36.0
33 . 9
23.0
43 .1
5 .1
1992
94
7
0
53. 6
46.3 .0
82 . 6
17 . 4
35.7
13 . 7
50 . 6
8 . 9
1993
95
8
0
61. 9
CO
CO
o
76.7
23 . 3
44 . 9
19 . 3
35.8
4 . 6
1994
95
2
50.7
41 . 6
75.4
24 . 6
31 . 6
21 . 0
47.3
3 .1
1995
95
9
48 4
45 . 6
100.0
33 . 6
19 . 0
47.4
1 . 4
1996
94
2
50.1
43.7
100.0
34 . 9
20 . 5
44 . 6
8 . 8
1997
94
4
47 0
53.0
100.0
39.6
21 . 6
38 . 8
1.8
1998
100
0
38 . 9
61.1
100.0
46.0
31 .7
22 . 2
2.8
1999
100
0
41 9
58 .1
100.0
40.1
32 .5
27 . 4
2000
88
4
45 3
54 . 7
100.0
29 0
19.2
51 . 8
29.3
2001
96
8
36 1
63. 9
100 . 0
26 6
12.8
60 . 6
26 . 6
2002
96
4
38 . 0
62 . 0
100 . 0
56 . 6
17.0
26 . 5
24 .2
2003
86
7
23 9
76.1
100 . 0
100 . 0
100.0
2004
84
7
32 . 3
67 . 7
100 . 0
100 . 0
100.0
2005
90
7
15 0
85.0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100.0
2006
100
0
29 5
70.5
100 . 0
100 . 0
100.0
2007
100
0
18 . 2
81. 8
100 . 0
100 . 0
100.0
2008
100
0
19 6
80.4
100 . 0
100 . 0
100.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-4
September 2008
-------
Table G-5
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 2750 lb. Cars
MODEL
YEAR
< FUEL ECONOMY >
(000) FRAC LAB
55/45
AD J
CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
WGHT VOL
LB CU-FT
ENGINE
CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
HP/
CID
HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
1975
281
.027
21.7
16 6
21 . 6
CO
(_n
2750
127
100
12 8
110
.799
. 0365
25 . 9
1976
203
.016
24 .5
19 0
23.7
20 . 9
2750
121
95
13.4
108
.794
. 0348
29.1
1977
349
. 025
24 . 8
19 2
24 .1
21 .1
2750
80.3
126
96
13 . 3
109
.765
. 0350
29.4
1728
2375
1978
498
. 034
24 . 8
19 3
24 .1
21.2
2750
88 6
129
94
13 . 4
108
.740
.0344
29.4
1892
2602
1979
459
. 033
24 . 0
18.5
23 . 7
20.5
2750
82 . 2
132
94
13 6
108
.710
.0341
28 . 4
1720
2365
1980
973
. 086
26 1
19.9
26 0
22 . 2
2750
96 . 0
141
93
13 6
107
. 665
. 0339
30 . 9
2176
2992
1981
714
. 068
27 . 7
21 6
26 7
23 . 6
2750
107 . 2
136
92
13.8
107
. 678
. 0333
32 . 7
2533
3482
1982
961
.099
28.8
22 . 0
28.5
24 . 5
2750
104 . 3
124
87
14 .4
105
.707
. 0316
33 . 8
2566
3528
1983
863
.084
30.2
23 . 6
28 . 9
25 . 7
2750
106.3
124
88
14 . 2
105
.712
. 0320
35 . 6
2756
3790
1984
2050
.146
30.1
23 3
29.3
25 . 7
2750
102 .7
127
89
14 .1
106
.705
. 0324
35.5
2653
3648
1985
1878
.130
30. 6
23 7
29 6
26.0
2750
103.3
128
93
13 . 6
108
.735
.0340
36.0
2707
3722
1986
1899
.124
30 . 6
23 6
29 7
26.0
2750
102 . 0
125
95
13 4
108
.769
.0347
36.0
2667
3667
1987
1896
.128
30 . 8
23.6
29 7
26.1
2750
101 . 7
124
96
13 3
109
.790
. 0350
36 . 0
2658
3655
1988
1519
. 099
31 . 5
23.9
30 . 3
26 . 5
2750
102 .1
123
97
13.1
109
. 804
. 0354
36 . 6
2717
3735
1989
1204
.083
31 .8
24 . 0
30.4
26 . 6
2750
101 . 7
118
96
13.3
109
.820
.0349
36 . 8
2718
3737
1990
1081
.086
31 . 9
24 .1
30.1
26 . 6
2750
98 .7
111
100
12 9
110
. 919
. 0364
36 . 7
2635
3624
1991
1462
.116
32 .5
24 .1
31. 0
27 . 0
2750
100.3
112
100
12 9
110
. 913
. 0364
37 .3
2723
3744
1992
1280
.105
32 . 6
24 . 0
31.1
27 . 0
2750
98 . 5
110
106
12 . 3
113
. 972
. 0386
37 .4
2680
3685
1993
1651
.125
33 . 0
24 .0
31 . 4
27.2
2750
101. 9
112
106
12 . 4
113
. 955
.0384
37 . 6
2788
3833
1994
1521
.108
33 . 6
24 .3
32 .1
27 . 7
2750
101 . 2
109
108
12 .1
114
1 . 001
. 0394
38 . 2
2815
3870
1995
1747
. 115
33 . 9
24 . 4
32 .1
27 . 8
2750
102 . 6
109
111
12.0
115
1 . 017
. 0403
38 . 4
2864
3938
1996
1240
. 094
33 . 9
24 . 2
31 .7
27 . 6
2750
101 . 5
108
117
11.5
118
1 .086
. 0427
38 . 2
2815
3870
1997
1637
.113
34 .0
24 .1
31 .8
27 . 6
2750
100.5
109
112
11 7
116
1 .039
. 0409
38 .1
2786
3831
1998
1622
.112
34 . 5
24 . 2
32 .4
27 . 9
2750
100 . 5
110
117
11 3
118
1 .071
. 0427
38 . 6
2818
3875
1999
1348
.089
34 . 6
24 . 2
32 . 0
27 . 8
2750
100.5
110
118
11 3
118
1 .078
. 0428
38 .4
2806
3858
2000
1318
. 080
34 . 3
23 8
31. 5
27 . 4
2750
100.5
108
120
11 . 2
119
1.118
. 0437
37 . 9
2767
3805
2001
1184
. 076
35 . 9
24 .7
33 . 0
28 . 6
2750
99.6
108
121
11 . 0
119
1 .122
.0440
39.6
2873
3950
2002
913
. 057
36 . 3
24 .8
33 . 0
28 . 7
2750
99 . 6
107
119
11 . 2
119
1 .121
. 0434
39 . 8
2883
3964
2003
691
. 044
37 .1
25.1
33 . 5
29.2
2750
100 . 8
106
123
10 9
120
1 .154
. 0447
40 . 3
2963
4075
2004
729
.046
36 9
24 . 8
33.2
28 . 9
2750
101 . 6
105
120
11.1
119
1 .144
. 0436
39 . 9
2954
4062
2005
941
.059
37 .3
25 . 0
33.1
29 . 0
2750
102 .1
106
121
11 1
119
1.144
. 0439
40 .1
2976
4092
2006
628
.042
37 .8
25 . 3
33.4
29 . 3
2750
101 . 0
104
119
11 3
118
1.142
. 0432
40 . 5
2982
4100
2007
541
.035
38 .2
25 . 4
33 . 9
29 . 7
2750
102 .3
104
120
11 2
119
1.144
. 0435
40 . 9
3052
4197
2008
655
. 040
38 . 3
25 5
34 . 0
29 . 7
2750
102 .3
106
121
11 0
119
1.145
. 0441
41.0
3057
4203
Percent of 2750 lb. Cars:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4 WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING
PORT TBI DSL
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
1975
4
70.7
3 . 9
1976
9
63.5
3 . 6
1977
2
0
67 . 5
9 . 4
1978
9
66.7
5 . 5
1979
5
4
59.6
6 .1
1980
47
9
53. 6
13 8
1981
70
0
36.0
18 . 3
. 6
1982
77
9
3.1
33.7
30 . 2
6 . 4
5.8
. 4
1983
89
4
4 . 0
31. 2
33 . 0
12 . 3
40.6
. 6
1984
87
7
2 . 2
30.5
36 . 3
12 . 2
42 . 4
1.0
1985
93
3
2 . 8
21 8
45 .1
14 .5
59 . 5
.4
1986
92
7
2 . 9
34 . 7
47.5
32 .1
52 . 6
.3
82.5
14 . 6
3.0
1987
95
7
1 . 9
31 . 5
44 . 0
24 . 7
58 . 4
. 2
73.6
19.5
6 . 9
1988
97
4
1 . 8
31 . 0
58 .1
18 9
59.8
72 . 8
19.3
7 . 9
1989
97
5
1 .1
29 6
59.2
21 . 8
63.8
. 3
77 . 4
9.4
13 .1
1990
99
0
. 9
25.7
65 . 5
56.5
43.0
. 2
53 .1
46 . 5
1991
99
3
.2
28.1
68 . 0
63 . 5
36.1
. 3
53 . 0
2 . 7
44 . 2
6. 6
1992
99
5
.5
30.1
64 . 4
85 . 9
14 .0
. 1
41 2
5.2
53 . 6
11. 0
1993
98
4
1 . 6
27.3
69 . 4
93 . 8
6.2
47 1
1. 7
51 . 2
12 .1
1994
98
7
.1
32 .1
66 . 4
99 7
. 3
32 . 6
67 . 4
20.1
1995
99
9
.0
27 6
72 . 4
100 . 0
25 3
74 . 7
13.3
1996
100
0
25.1
74 . 8
. 1
100 . 0
12 . 0
88 . 0
17 . 3
1997
100
0
22 1
77 . 5
. 4
100 . 0
24 . 3
75 . 7
16.8
1998
100
0
22 3
77 .1
. 3
100 . 0
16 8
83 . 2
22 .1
1999
100
0
19.1
80 . 3
. 2
100 . 0
16 7
83 . 3
20.8
2000
96
9
21 1
77 . 2
. 1
100.0
7 . 8
3 .1
89.1
42.0
2001
94
2
20 1
78 . 4
. 1
100.0
6.9
93.1
65 . 9
2002
98
5
22 .1
77 . 0
. 4
100.0
6.2
93.8
63.4
2003
98
2
21 . 3
77 . 4
1 . 3
100.0
100.0
80.0
2004
98
8
23 0
75.7
1 . 3
100.0
99.6
78.4
2005
99
6
16 8
82 . 2
1 . 0
100.0
6.8
93.2
75.4
2006
96
7
17 .1
81. 5
1 . 5
100.0
8 . 2
91. 8
86.1
2007
97
5
15 1
84 . 9
100.0
12 4
87 . 6
79.4
2008
97
4
14 . 5
85.5
100.0
100.0
74 .1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-5
September 2008
-------
Table G-6
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 3000 lb. Cars
MODEL
YEAR
< FUEL ECONOMY >
(000) FRAC LAB
55/45
AD J
CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
WGHT
LB
VOL
CU-FT
ENGINE
CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
1975
828
.081
21.4
16 . 6
20 . 9
CO
OJ
3000
147
98
14 . 4
107
. 674
. 0329
1976
884
.072
23.5
18 .1
23.1
20 .1
3000
147
95
14 . 6
106
. 657
. 0317
1977
584
. 041
23.2
18 .1
22 . 3
19 . 8
3000
87 . 6
146
104
13 . 7
109
.715
. 0347
1978
903
.062
22 . 5
17 . 7
21 . 3
19.2
3000
97 . 3
164
102
13 . 9
108
. 637
.0339
1979
1286
.093
22 .1
17.2
21 . 3
18 . 9
3000
96 . 3
162
100
13 . 9
108
. 634
.0333
1980
2026
. 179
23 . 6
18 . 3
23 . 0
20.1
3000
100 . 9
164
100
13.8
108
. 624
. 0334
1981
1626
. 154
24 . 4
19 . 0
23.4
20 . 8
3000
103 . 8
165
101
13 . 9
108
. 619
. 0335
1982
1554
.160
25.7
19 . 7
25.4
21 . 9
3000
104 . 2
163
103
13 . 6
109
. 640
. 0343
1983
1515
.147
25.8
19 . 8
25 . 6
22 . 0
3000
105.4
161
104
13.4
110
. 658
.0349
1984
1994
.142
26.4
20 . 2
26.2
22 . 5
3000
104 . 9
157
107
13 . 3
111
. 689
. 0357
1985
2037
.141
27 .1
20.7
26 . 9
23.1
3000
106.7
153
110
13 . 0
112
.727
.0366
1986
2829
.184
27 . 5
21.0
27 .1
23.4
3000
106 . 6
151
108
13 . 2
111
.723
.0359
1987
2743
. 185
27 . 9
21. 2
27 . 4
23.6
3000
106 . 3
147
111
12 . 9
112
.767
. 0371
1988
3146
. 206
28 . 4
21. 4
27.8
24 . 0
3000
105 . 3
145
114
12 . 6
113
.797
. 0380
1989
3402
.235
28.4
21 . 2
27 .7
23 . 9
3000
105.2
146
118
12 . 3
115
.815
. 0393
1990
2856
.226
28 . 6
21 . 3
27 .7
23 . 9
3000
103 . 9
142
121
12 . 0
116
.867
. 0405
1991
2714
.216
28.1
20 . 8
27 . 3
23 . 5
3000
104 .0
145
124
11. 8
118
.868
. 0414
1992
1918
.158
28 . 4
20 . 8
27 . 6
23 . 6
3000
102 .7
146
127
11 . 6
119
.885
. 0423
1993
2021
.153
28 . 7
20.8
27 . 8
23.8
3000
102 . 6
147
125
11 . 8
118
.863
.0417
1994
2033
.144
29 .1
21.0
28 . 0
24 . 0
3000
102 . 9
143
124
11 . 8
117
.881
.0413
1995
1933
. 128
29 . 7
21. 2
28 . 8
24 . 5
3000
103 . 6
139
135
10 . 9
122
. 988
. 0452
1996
1796
. 137
29 . 9
21 .1
29.2
24 . 6
3000
103 .1
137
133
11.0
121
. 980
. 0444
1997
1765
.122
30.0
21 . 0
29.0
24 . 5
3000
102 .5
136
134
11. 0
121
.993
. 0447
1998
1153
. 080
30.1
21 . 0
28.8
24 . 5
3000
101 .1
132
131
11. 2
120
.997
. 0436
1999
923
.061
30.1
20 . 9
28 . 4
24 . 4
3000
9 9.9
128
128
11. 4
119
1. 001
. 0426
2000
1470
. 089
30. 6
21 . 3
28 . 6
24 . 7
3000
102 . 0
126
127
11 . 6
119
1. 007
. 0423
2001
1256
. 080
31 . 6
21.8
29 .1
25.3
3000
102 . 5
125
129
11 . 4
119
1 . 031
.0429
2002
1588
.099
31 . 4
21 . 6
28 . 9
25.1
3000
104 . 2
124
132
11 . 2
121
1 .064
.0439
2003
1776
. 113
32 . 8
22 . 4
29 . 8
26.0
3000
104 . 4
121
133
11.0
121
1 . 098
. 0443
2004
1577
. 100
33.5
22 . 6
30.4
26 . 4
3000
105 . 5
123
135
10.7
122
1 .103
. 0452
2005
1738
.109
34 .2
23 . 0
30 . 6
26 . 8
3000
106.1
121
134
10.6
122
1.110
.0449
2006
1673
.111
34 . 9
23 . 3
31 .4
27 . 3
3000
103 . 4
120
138
10.4
123
1.156
. 0462
2007
1792
.117
36.4
24 . 3
32 . 4
28 . 4
3000
104 .4
119
137
10.4
123
1.143
. 0456
2008
1788
.109
37 .1
24 . 9
32 . 7
28.8
3000
103. 6
118
136
10 . 4
122
1.155
. 0455
Percent of 3000 lb. Cars:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
1975
3 . 5
48 6
17
1
1976
2 . 5
50.4
9
8
1977
3 . 6
51. 3
22
4
1978
4 . 4
35.2
18
0
1979
2 . 6
39.7
14
1
.1
1980
32 . 0
30. 9
1 . 0
7
5
. 5
1981
45 . 4
21 6
. 7
11
9
. 4
1982
53 . 2
17 0
65 .1
18
6
26.9
. 7
1983
63 . 0
17 2
62 . 7
22
7
26.5
. 7
1984
73 . 9
. 2
16.2
58 . 2
27
6
29 . 6
.8
1985
77 . 9
. 5
14 . 4
53.5
37
5
34 . 7
. 4
1986
82.2
1 . 0
15 1
56.4
35
7
49.0
. 2
97 . 7
2 . 3
1987
84 .1
1 . 9
15 7
63.5
49
6
49.5
. 0
89.4
10 . 6
1988
90. 6
1 . 2
17 . 2
66.8
69
9
30 .1
. 0
77 . 4
8
1
14 . 6
1989
91. 3
1 . 4
16 4
71. 5
73
4
24 .0
66 . 4
18
7
15 . 0
1990
95.0
. 7
20 8
68 . 8
74
9
25.0
53 . 3
10
7
36 . 0
1991
93.3
1.5
18.4
72 . 4
75
7
24 .3
58 . 2
8
0
33 . 8
1992
94 . 2
.7
20.3
66 . 3
87
2
12.8
63 . 5
7
1
29 . 4
1993
94 . 6
. 9
19.7
68 . 9
86
8
13.2
61 . 8
1
2
37 . 0
1994
99 .1
.3
16.4
75 . 6
89
5
10.5
62 . 8
37 . 2
1995
95 . 4
2 . 6
22.1
77 . 9
98
6
1. 4
34 . 5
65.5
1996
96 . 7
1.8
20.7
79 . 3
100
0
38 .1
61 . 9
1997
95 . 5
2.3
19.8
80 .1
99
9
. 1
30 . 9
68 . 9
1998
94 . 6
2.7
24 . 2
75 . 5
99
0
1 . 0
42 6
57 . 2
1999
94 . 4
2 . 5
26.9
72 . 0
99
0
1 . 0
50 .1
49.4
2000
95.7
1 . 2
21 . 2
77 .1
98
6
1. 4
51. 8
45.2
2001
95 . 9
. 7
22 . 8
74.8 1.3
98
6
1. 4
43.5
51.1
2002
98 . 2
. 2
19 2
78.9 1.5
98
9
1.1
35. 6
63 . 0
2003
97 . 0
1 . 4
19 4
77.9 2.7
99
0
1. 0
14 . 4
84 . 2
2004
97 . 6
1 . 2
15 2
79.7 5.1
99
4
. 6
7 . 3
92 .1
2005
98 . 0
. 8
15 9
75.6 8.5
99
7
. 3
8 .1
91 . 6
2006
97 . 2
1 . 2
17 . 0
75.8 7.2
99
9
. 1
5 . 3
94 . 7
2007
97 . 3
. 8
14 . 4
67.7 17.9
100
0
3 . 6
96 . 4
2008
96.2
1 . 0
19 0
59.5 21.5
1.4 98
6
2 . 0
98 . 0
TON
CU-FT
CU-FT-
-MPG
-MPG
TON-MPI
27 . 8
30.4
30.1
1771
2656
29.1
1885
2828
28 . 6
1834
2751
30 . 3
2040
3060
31 . 4
2168
3252
33 . 3
2319
3479
33.4
2346
3520
34 .1
2381
3571
35.0
2489
3734
35.3
2513
3770
35 . 8
2539
3808
36 . 3
2547
3820
36 . 0
2525
3787
36 . 0
2496
3745
35.4
2457
3686
35 . 6
2437
3656
35.8
2454
3681
36 . 2
2480
3720
36 . 9
2545
3818
37 . 0
2543
3815
36 . 9
2520
3780
37 . 0
2493
3740
36.8
2454
3680
37 .3
2543
3815
38 . 3
2627
3940
38 . 0
2641
3962
39 . 5
2747
4120
40 . 3
2841
4262
41.3
2935
4402
42 .1
2913
4369
43 . 9
3075
4612
44 . 6
3107
4661
WT HYBRID
9.9
12 . 4
7 . 6
21 . 0
24 . 9
17.3
26.4
27.7 1.4
40.1 2.6
46.5 4.5
62 . 6 8.5
71.7 7.1
56.5 10.7
67 .0 11.6
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-6
September 2008
-------
Table G-7
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 3500 lb. Cars
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB AD J ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPD CID
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
1029
.101
18.2
14 . 3
17.1
15 . 5
3500
227
102
15.6
104
.463
1976
933
.076
19.4
15 . 5
18 . 0
16 . 5
3500
231
100
15.8
104
.447
1977
724
. 051
20.2
16 .1
18 . 8
17 . 2
3500
102 .4
232
104
15 . 3
105
.458
1978
2991
.207
20.2
15.8
19 . 2
17.2
3500
111. 1
257
119
13 . 8
111
.468
1979
2684
.193
20 . 2
16.0
18 . 8
17.2
3500
112 . 3
252
120
13 . 7
111
.477
1980
2147
.190
20 . 7
16.3
19 . 8
17 . 7
3500
111 . 3
244
115
14 .1
109
.477
1981
1829
. 173
22 . 2
17 . 3
21.4
18 . 9
3500
113 . 3
234
113
14 .3
108
.487
1982
1421
.146
22.4
17 . 3
21.8
19 .1
3500
112 . 0
237
118
14 . 0
110
.505
1983
1669
.162
22.8
17 . 5
22 . 6
19 . 5
3500
111.8
238
122
13.6
112
.524
1984
2220
.158
22 . 9
17 . 5
22 . 8
19 . 5
3500
109 . 6
236
127
13 . 2
113
. 556
1985
2461
.170
23 . 4
17 .7
23 . 7
20.0
3500
111. 9
228
133
12 . 7
116
. 603
1986
2760
.180
24 . 4
18.2
25 .1
20.8
3500
113 . 5
225
141
12 . 0
119
. 654
1987
2520
. 170
24 . 6
18 . 0
25 . 7
20.9
3500
114 . 0
217
147
11 . 6
121
. 703
1988
2693
. 176
25 . 4
18 . 5
26.5
21 . 5
3500
113 . 5
212
151
11.4
122
.732
1989
2688
.186
25.1
18 . 2
26.2
21 . 3
3500
114 .2
207
151
11. 4
122
.751
1990
2704
.214
25.5
18 . 3
26.4
21 . 5
3500
113 . 0
194
150
11. 4
122
.795
1991
2137
.170
25.4
18 . 2
26.0
21 . 3
3500
111.2
195
156
11.1
124
.822
1992
2822
.232
25.6
18 . 2
26.2
21 . 4
3500
113 . 6
192
155
11 . 2
123
.829
1993
2848
.216
26 . 0
18.5
26 . 5
21.7
3500
114 . 2
194
156
11 .1
124
.825
1994
2770
.196
26 .1
18.4
26 . 5
21. 7
3500
111 . 7
191
156
11 .1
124
.837
1995
3628
. 240
26 . 4
18 . 5
26 . 9
22 . 0
3500
111 . 9
188
166
10 . 6
127
. 906
1996
3154
. 240
26 . 5
18 . 5
26 . 6
21 . 9
3500
111 . 5
181
164
10.7
127
. 925
1997
3196
.221
26.7
18 . 5
26.8
22 . 0
3500
112.4
181
170
10.4
129
. 957
1998
3995
.276
27 .1
18 . 6
27.0
22 . 3
3500
111 . 5
178
170
10.4
129
.969
1999
4610
.303
27.2
18 . 6
26.8
22 . 3
3500
110.8
174
170
10.4
129
.993
2000
4 666
.282
27 .1
18 . 5
26.7
22 . 2
3500
111. 5
175
174
10 . 2
131
1. 013
2001
4315
.276
27 . 2
18.5
26 . 5
22.1
3500
110.6
174
177
10 .1
131
1 . 029
2002
4295
.266
27 . 7
18.7
26 . 6
22 . 4
3500
111 . 7
176
183
9 . 8
134
1 .063
2003
4119
.261
28 . 0
18 . 7
26 . 9
22 . 6
3500
111 . 1
175
185
9.8
134
1 . 076
2004
3561
. 227
28 .1
18 . 7
26 . 9
22 . 6
3500
110 . 4
176
188
9 . 6
136
1 .097
2005
3264
.205
28 . 9
19 . 2
27.3
23 .1
3500
111.8
170
185
9.8
134
1.111
2006
3024
.200
29.2
19 . 3
27.4
23 . 2
3500
111 . 4
167
188
9.7
135
1.144
2007
2962
.194
29.8
19 . 8
28 . 0
23 . 7
3500
110.3
161
183
9.8
134
1.149
2008
2802
.171
30.5
20 . 3
28 . 5
24 . 2
3500
110.8
157
185
9 . 7
134
1.191
Percent of 3500 lb. Cars:
MODEL
DRIVETRAIN
TRANSMISSION
FUEL
METERING
NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR
FRONT
4WD
MANUAL LOCK CVT
GDI
PORT
TBI
DSL
TWO
THREE
FOUR
1975
19
3
6 . 5
1
9
1976
17
2
5 . 7
1
4
1977
16
2
6 .1
2
7
1978
4
7
6 . 4
1 . 4
5
1979
4
0
16 . 9
1 . 3
8
1980
2
. 4
3
1
37 . 9
2 . 2
1
7
1981
. 5
3
4
84 . 4
3 . 0
2
5
1982
5
. 6
6
9
88 . 4
5.1
4 . 4
4
9
1983
9
. 8
8
7
83.4
9.1
5 . 3
2
6
1984
8
2
. 2
7
7
88 . 9
23.5
12 .1
1
4
1985
35
2
. 0
8
3
88.8
37 . 6
32 . 3
7
1986
49
2
. 5
8
6
88 . 5
59.4
20 . 7
1
98 . 9
1 .1
1987
64
1
4
8
8
87 . 8
77 1
15 . 0
4
96 . 9
3 .1
1988
72
8
2
7
9
89.7
88 2
11 . 4
93 . 9
1.1
5 . 0
1989
80
6
2
6
8
88 . 2
87 . 8
12.2
0
92 . 3
6 . 9
1990
84
5
1 9
6
3
89.6
97 . 2
2.8
0
87 . 4
12 . 3
1991
79
7
2 7
7
4
88 . 2
96 . 0
3 . 9
1
83 . 6
16 .1
1992
78
6
1.7
5
2
92 . 2
98 . 0
1 . 9
1
76 . 0
24 . 0
1993
87
5
1 6
4
6
93 . 7
99 . 6
. 4
75 . 6
24 . 4
1994
84
8
9
7
4
91 . 5
100 . 0
73 . 8
26 . 2
1995
79
4
1.4
7
1
91 . 8
100 . 0
62 . 6
37 . 4
1996
89
0
2.5
7
3
91 . 8
99 8
2
53 . 0
47 . 0
1997
88
8
2 9
6
2
93 . 8
9 9.9
1
51 . 3
48 . 2
1998
88
0
2.7
5
7
94 . 2
100 . 0
44 . 9
53 . 5
1999
90
0
2 6
5
9
93 . 7
100 . 0
36 . 6
60 . 4
2000
88
4
2 . 5
6
4
93.0
100.0
34 . 3
63. 6
2001
88
8
1 9
7
1
92 . 3
9 9.9
1
35.2
1 . 2
60.8
2002
88
3
2 6
7
7
92.0 .1
99.7
3
32 . 3
1 .1
63 . 2
2003
87
1
1 7
8
4
91.3 .2
99.7
3
33.4
62 . 3
2004
84
1
2 6
8
6
90.7 .2
99.6
4
33 . 4
63 . 3
2005
85
9
4 4
7
2
92.4 .1
99.4
6
29 . 4
68 . 8
2006
85
4
4 1
8
8
91. 0
98 . 6
1
4
21 . 5
78 . 4
2007
85
9
3 9
8
5
CO
CJ1
o
o
100 . 0
13 .1
1.1
85 . 8
2008
86
6
5 3
11
0
75.5 13.5
5.5
94 . 5
6 . 3
93 . 3
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-7
HP/
TON
CU-FT
CU-FT
WT
-MPG
-MPG
TON-MP
. 0292
27 . 6
. 0286
29.2
. 0297
30.5
1789
3132
.0342
30.2
1919
3358
.0342
30.1
1934
3385
. 0329
31 .1
1980
3465
. 0322
33 . 3
2160
3780
. 0338
33 . 8
2170
3798
. 0348
34 .3
2199
3848
. 0363
34 .5
2167
3792
.0379
35.1
2246
3930
.0404
36 . 5
2377
4160
. 0421
36 . 7
2399
4199
. 0431
37 . 9
2464
4311
. 0431
37 . 4
2444
4277
. 0429
37 . 7
2442
4274
.0446
37 .4
2386
4175
. 0442
37 . 6
2447
4282
.0447
38 .1
2494
4364
.0445
38 .1
2437
4265
. 0473
38 . 5
2465
4314
. 0470
38 . 5
2455
4296
. 0486
38 . 7
2487
4352
. 0485
39 .1
2494
4364
. 0486
39.1
2475
4332
.0498
38 . 9
2479
4338
.0505
38 . 9
2461
4306
.0524
39 . 4
2516
4402
. 0528
39 . 7
2529
4425
. 0538
39 . 8
2516
4403
. 0528
40 . 7
2608
4563
. 0537
41 . 0
2618
4581
. 0524
41.8
2648
4633
. 0529
42.7
2719
4759
FIVE
WT
HYBRID
2 . 4
2 . 6
9.0
10.5
12 . 3
12 . 5
1. 3
17 . 8
2 . 4
16 . 5
1 . 8
22 . 5
2 . 8
21.3
3.4
33 . 6
3.4
40.7
2.8
37 . 6
1.3
47.3
. 6
57 .4
67 .5
. 2
63.8
.4
September 2008
-------
Table G-8
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 4000 lb. Cars
MODEL
YEAR
< FUEL ECONOMY >
(000) FRAC LAB
55/45
AD J
CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
WGHT
LB
VOL
CU-FT
ENGINE
CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
HP/
CID
HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
1975
1089
.106
15 6
12 . 4
14 .5
13 . 3
4000
292
130
14 . 5
110
.443
. 0325
27 . 0
1976
1977
.160
17 7
14 . 0
16.5
15 . 0
4000
280
122
15.4
108
.433
. 0305
30.4
1977
3323
.235
17 9
14 . 2
16.7
15 . 2
4000
113.5
293
133
14 . 2
111
.453
. 0333
30 . 6
1739
3477
1978
2235
.155
18 . 0
14 .1
17 .1
15.3
4000
114 . 9
305
145
13 .1
115
.474
.0362
30. 9
1782
3563
1979
2643
.190
17 . 8
14 .0
16 7
15.1
4000
119 . 6
311
147
13 0
116
.472
.0367
30 . 5
1830
3660
1980
1316
. 116
18 . 8
14 . 6
18 . 3
16.1
4000
122 . 4
302
136
13 9
112
.453
. 0339
32 . 6
2003
4007
1981
1312
. 124
20.3
15 . 5
20.3
17 . 3
4000
123 . 2
295
133
14 .0
112
.458
. 0334
35 . 2
2171
4343
1982
1215
.125
20 6
15 . 6
20 9
17 . 6
4000
126 . 4
287
135
13.8
112
.479
. 0339
35 . 6
2244
4487
1983
1445
.140
20.3
15 . 4
20.6
17 . 4
4000
126.7
287
139
13.4
113
.490
. 0348
35.0
2211
4422
1984
1702
.121
20.6
15 5
20.9
17 . 6
4000
126.3
289
139
13 . 4
113
.485
. 0347
35.3
2225
444 9
1985
1671
.116
21 . 7
16.4
22 . 3
18 . 6
4000
125.3
294
148
12 . 8
116
. 508
.0371
37 . 3
2337
4674
1986
918
.060
22 .1
16.5
22 . 6
18.8
4000
124 . 9
299
154
12 . 4
118
. 520
.0384
37 . 8
2366
4732
1987
912
.061
21 . 7
16.3
22 . 0
18 . 5
4000
122 . 2
294
157
12 . 3
119
. 551
. 0392
37 .1
2275
4549
1988
829
. 054
22 . 2
16.4
22 . 7
18 . 8
4000
125 . 8
289
160
12.1
120
. 569
. 0400
37 . 9
2391
4782
1989
860
. 060
23.0
16 8
23.5
19 . 4
4000
125 .1
275
154
12.5
118
.576
. 0386
39 .1
2447
4894
1990
986
.078
23.0
16 7
23.7
19 . 4
4000
123.1
263
165
12.0
122
. 643
. 0412
39 . 0
2400
4799
1991
1114
.089
23.3
16 7
24 .1
19 . 6
4000
124 . 9
265
186
10.7
129
.718
. 0466
39.4
2459
4917
1992
1166
.096
23.4
16 7
24 .1
19 . 7
4000
123.4
258
198
10 . 2
133
.788
.0495
39.5
2440
4880
1993
1059
. 080
23.6
16.7
24 .1
19.7
4000
121. 9
253
198
10 . 3
133
.806
.0494
39.6
2414
4828
1994
1342
.095
23 . 5
16 6
24 . 0
19 . 6
4000
121 . 5
248
204
10 0
135
.842
.0510
39.3
2389
4779
1995
1281
. 085
23 5
16.4
24 . 2
19.6
4000
121 . 3
253
219
9.4
140
. 885
. 0547
39 . 3
2386
4772
1996
1092
. 083
23 9
16.6
24 . 6
19 . 9
4000
124 .1
249
218
9.5
139
. 885
.0546
39 . 9
2476
4952
1997
1259
.087
23.8
16 4
24 .3
19 . 8
4000
123.1
248
225
9.3
142
. 913
. 0562
39 . 6
2439
4878
1998
918
.063
23.8
16 4
24 . 0
19 . 7
4000
123.0
247
234
8 . 9
145
.963
. 0585
39 . 5
2426
4853
1999
1179
.077
24 .2
16 4
24 . 5
19 . 9
4000
123.5
238
233
9.0
144
1 .003
. 0582
40.0
2468
4937
2000
1382
. 083
24 . 4
16 5
24 . 5
20 . 0
4000
122.3
234
240
8 . 8
147
1. 036
. 0600
40.2
2459
4917
2001
1331
. 085
24 . 6
16 6
24 . 5
20.2
4000
121. 2
227
226
9 . 2
142
1 . 021
.0565
40.5
2455
4909
2002
1256
. 078
24 . 8
16.7
24 . 3
20.2
4000
116 . 6
223
230
9 .1
143
1 . 052
.0574
40 . 5
2369
4737
2003
1013
. 064
25 1
16.8
24 . 5
20.4
4000
114 . 0
215
233
9.0
144
1 .106
. 0584
40 . 9
2343
4685
2004
1286
. 082
25 4
16 8
24 . 9
20 . 6
4000
113 . 7
211
238
8.8
146
1.147
. 0596
41 . 4
2359
4718
2005
1636
.103
25.7
16 9
25.0
20 . 7
4000
115.1
214
240
8 . 7
147
1 .138
.0600
41 . 7
2406
4812
2006
2240
.148
26.0
17 . 2
25.1
21 . 0
4000
116 . 3
215
245
8 . 6
148
1.159
.0613
42 . 2
2459
4917
2007
2159
.141
27.1
17 . 9
26.0
21 . 8
4000
114 .7
209
241
8 . 6
147
1.172
. 0603
44 .1
2529
5058
2008
2730
.166
26.9
17 . 7
26.1
21 . 7
4000
114 .1
213
250
8 . 4
150
1.187
. 0625
43 . 9
2506
5012
Percent of 4000 lb. Cars:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4 WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
1975
7 . 6
6
1976
6.9
4
6
1977
3.3
5
4
1978
3.0
10 . 4
9
7
1979
5 . 3
2 . 2
10 . 4
2
8
2 3
1980
10 . 9
2 . 3
. 9
40 .1
2
5
4 . 9
9 6
1981
11 .1
. 9
. 9
82 . 8
1
2
10.3
13 . 2
1982
11 .1
1. 3
89 . 6
1
8
18 . 7
9 4
1983
12 . 5
1. 3
94 . 6
2
0
38 . 0
4 4
1984
12 . 8
1.1
95 . 8
2
1
41.1
2 8
1985
13 . 0
. 0
. 1
94 . 8
3
8
41. 4
2 0
1986
. 2
. 7
. 2
92 . 5
48
3
4 . 4
5
98 . 9
1.1
1987
1.1
. 4
4 . 0
87 . 9
50
9
3 . 2
1 2
95.5
4 . 5
1988
6.3
. 3
1 . 6
92 . 7
75
0
2 . 2
94 . 5
5.5
1989
8 . 9
. 0
2 . 5
92 . 5
84
4
13 6
96.0
4 . 0
1990
33.2
. 1
1 . 8
95.5
95
3
4 . 6
1
89 . 5
10 . 5
5.5
1991
38 . 6
. 9
1 . 9
95.4
86
8
12 . 9
4
89 . 6
10 . 4
6.1
1992
41 3
1 . 9
1 . 6
97 . 3
94
8
5.2
79 . 5
20 . 5
8.5
1993
39.2
. 7
. 9
97 .1
95
7
4 .3
68 . 6
31 . 4
8.1
1994
45.6
. 2
. 8
97 . 3
100
0
58 . 3
41 . 7
6.0
1995
44 7
. 6
1 .1
96 . 4
99
6
4
58 .1
41 . 9
6.8
1996
51. 6
. 7
1.1
97 .1
99
8
2
51 . 7
48 . 3
4 . 2
1997
50.7
. 9
1.0
99 . 0
99
8
2
51 . 8
48 . 2
7 . 0
1998
50 . 5
4 .4
1.2
98 . 8
99
6
4
45 .1
4 . 3
48 . 9
1. 7
12 . 2
1999
55 .1
3.8
1.5
98 . 5
99
6
4
40 5
4 . 8
52 . 5
2 . 2
11. 4
2000
55 . 7
4 .0
2.1
97 . 9
100
0
47 8
4 . 0
45.3
2 . 9
13 . 4
2001
51 .4
12 . 9
3 . 3
96.7
100
0
39.7
4 . 3
51. 7
4 . 4
19 . 4
2002
51 . 9
15 . 7
2 . 5
97.3 .2
100
0
29.5
4 . 8
60. 6
5 .1
23 .1
2003
46.2
16 . 8
3 .1
96.0 .9
100
0
22 . 5
12 . 0
57 . 6
8 . 0
26 . 4
2004
61 .0
17 .1
3 . 7
95.8 .5
99
9
1
17 . 8
6 . 3
70.3
5 . 5
47 . 9
2005
53.4
13 . 3
4 .1
93.0 2.9
99
4
6
21. 3
7 . 5
69.3
1 . 9
44 . 2
2006
52 .5
10 . 4
3 . 9
93.3 2.8
99
8
2
23.5
4 . 7
71. 3
56 . 6
2007
66.5
10 . 9
3 . 6
89.0 7.4
99
6
4
25.3
1 . 6
73.0
71 . 6
2008
64 .0
11 . 4
4 . 4
89.9 5.7
3.3 96
5
1
20.5
2 . 2
77 . 2
65 . 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-8
September 2008
-------
Table G-9
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 4500 lb. Cars
MODEL
YEAR
< FUEL ECONOMY >
(000) FRAC LAB
55/45
AD J
CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
WGHT
LB
VOL
CU-FT
ENGINE
CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
HP/
CID
HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
1975
1791
.175
14 .3
11 .1
13.7
12 . 2
4500
347
158
13.6
116
.455
. 0351
27 . 7
1976
2223
.180
15.7
12 . 3
15.1
13 . 4
4500
346
157
13.5
115
.454
.0349
30.4
1977
3496
.248
16.5
13 0
15.6
14 .1
4500
118 . 7
346
157
13 . 4
115
.454
.0349
31 . 9
1680
3780
1978
1997
.138
16 3
12 . 6
16 1
13 . 9
4500
123.8
356
161
13 .1
117
.453
.0358
31. 6
1739
3912
1979
1527
.110
16 5
12.8
15 9
14 . 0
4500
127 . 6
353
157
13 4
115
.445
.0349
31 . 9
1808
4068
1980
363
. 032
19 0
14 . 4
19 0
16.2
4500
137 . 3
350
137
15.1
109
. 394
. 0305
37 . 3
2273
5115
1981
318
. 030
20 4
15.4
20 9
17 . 5
4500
137 .1
343
127
16.1
106
. 374
. 0282
40 . 4
2459
5532
1982
183
.019
21.0
15 . 8
21 . 6
17 . 9
4500
148 . 3
323
127
16.1
106
.401
. 0283
41 . 5
2696
6067
1983
188
.018
19 9
14 . 8
20.8
17 . 0
4500
146.6
311
143
14 . 4
111
.463
. 0318
38 . 7
2512
5651
1984
185
. 013
20.2
15 1
21 0
17 . 3
4500
152 .0
308
148
14 . 0
113
.482
. 0329
39.0
2630
5918
1985
104
. 007
21 0
15 6
22 1
18 . 0
4500
160.2
306
150
13 . 8
113
.490
. 0333
40.5
2884
6490
1986
101
. 007
21 . 5
15 9
22 . 5
18.3
4500
156.5
308
150
14 . 0
113
.485
.0333
41. 5
2903
6532
1987
78
. 005
22 . 3
16.3
23 . 5
19.0
4500
160 . 2
306
140
14 . 6
110
.458
.0311
42 . 7
3043
6846
1988
105
. 007
22 . 6
16.6
23 3
19.2
4500
144 . 8
305
144
14 . 4
111
.474
. 0321
43 . 4
2796
6292
1989
87
. 006
21 . 8
16.0
22 . 2
18 . 4
4500
141 .1
306
151
14 .1
114
.494
. 0336
41 . 7
2638
5935
1990
67
. 005
20.3
14 . 8
20 9
17 . 2
4500
130 .1
322
178
12 . 6
122
.555
. 0397
39 . 2
2306
5188
1991
72
.006
20 9
15 . 0
21.7
17 . 6
4500
133 . 6
312
201
11 3
129
. 648
. 0448
40 . 2
2444
5499
1992
113
.009
22.1
15 5
23.3
18 . 6
4500
137 .2
334
191
11 6
126
. 587
. 0424
42.1
2590
5827
1993
84
. 006
22 1
15 4
23.8
18 . 7
4500
141. 4
339
187
11 . 8
124
.567
. 0416
42.1
2658
5980
1994
88
. 006
22 4
15 6
23 . 4
18.8
4500
136.8
344
255
9 . 0
145
.747
.0567
42 . 4
2601
5853
1995
110
. 007
22 . 4
15 6
23 . 2
18.7
4500
127 . 7
310
257
9 . 0
146
.867
.0572
42 . 3
2413
5428
1996
96
. 007
22 . 9
15.8
23 8
19.1
4500
131 . 5
323
260
8 . 9
147
. 826
. 0578
43 .1
2525
5680
1997
37
. 003
22 . 2
15.5
22 .1
18 . 4
4500
109 . 2
257
271
8.7
150
1 . 057
.0602
41 . 5
2028
4563
1998
31
. 002
22 . 0
15 . 3
21 . 9
18 . 2
4500
100 . 4
272
287
8.3
155
1 .059
.0637
41 . 0
1846
4153
1999
25
.002
22.1
15 . 3
21.8
18 . 2
4500
93 . 9
264
276
8 . 6
152
1 .058
.0614
41 .1
1728
3889
2000
67
.004
21 9
15 1
21 5
18 . 0
4500
114 . 9
281
287
8 . 2
155
1. 023
. 0638
40 . 6
2080
4681
2001
78
. 005
22 0
15 0
21 6
18 . 0
4500
117 . 4
270
283
8 . 3
154
1.067
. 0630
40 . 6
2122
4775
2002
96
. 006
22 . 3
15.2
21 . 6
18.2
4500
116.5
274
266
8 . 9
149
. 988
.0592
41. 0
2135
4804
2003
307
. 019
22 . 8
15.3
22 . 5
18 . 6
4500
116 . 6
280
256
9 .1
145
. 920
.0570
42 .1
2213
4979
2004
318
. 020
22 . 9
15.2
22 . 7
18 . 7
4500
132 . 6
267
252
9 . 3
144
. 956
. 0560
42 . 0
2477
5573
2005
355
. 022
23 1
15.4
22 . 4
18 . 7
4500
132 .1
283
272
8.8
150
. 967
.0605
42 . 2
2481
5582
2006
371
.025
22 . 6
14 . 9
22.3
18 . 4
4500
132 . 0
289
296
8.2
158
1 .030
.0658
41 . 5
2436
5482
2007
358
.023
22.4
14 . 8
22.2
18 . 3
4500
124 . 8
296
315
7 . 9
163
1.066
. 0701
41 . 4
2299
5172
2008
390
.024
22.5
14 . 8
22 2
18 . 3
4500
125.2
281
296
8 . 2
158
1.061
. 0659
41.4
2301
5177
Percent of 4500 lb. Cars:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4 WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
1975
. 9
. 6
1 . 6
1976
2 . 0
. 1
2 . 3
1977
1 . 3
. 1
1 . 6
1978
2 . 7
12
9
3 .1
1 . 5
1979
4 . 4
. 0
9
3
3 . 4
5 . 5
1980
7 . 5
. 0
54
2
. 0
28.7
1981
8 . 6
61
7
29 7
44 .2
1982
6 . 3
. 0
99
8
45.3
1983
1 . 4
. 0
100
0
12.3
1984
. 6
. 0
100
0
4 .2
1985
. 1
. 0
100
0
. 0
1.1
1986
. 0
91
2
8.7
100.0
1987
. 0
100
0
.1
100.0
1988
. 0
100
0
2 . 9
100.0
1989
. 0
96
2
8.0
100.0
1990
84
4
20.5
30 . 5
95.8
4 . 2
1991
.7
82
1
26 2
73.8
88 . 4
11 . 6
3.2
1992
.2
89
6
12 . 2
87 8
95 . 0
5 . 0
5.5
1993
.2
96
0
10 6
89.4
90 . 7
9 . 3
3.1
1994
. 2
93
6
100 . 0
91 .1
8 . 9
7 . 0
1995
. 5
. 5
82
4
100 . 0
64 . 7
35 . 3
6.0
1996
. 4
. 4
90
7
100 . 0
76 5
23 5
14 . 9
1997
. 1
99
9
100 . 0
3 . 2
96 . 8
79 . 2
1998
. 0
. 2
99
8
100 . 0
5 . 6
94 . 4
97 . 9
1999
. 1
99
9
100 . 0
1 . 9
36.9
61 . 2
60 . 8
2000
1. 0
. 3
99
7
100 . 0
4 .1
29.2
65 . 7
25 . 9
2001
11.3
1.1
98
9
100 . 0
6 . 0
50.0
32 . 6
11. 3
34 . 6
2002
6.9
. 7
99
3
100 . 0
38 . 8
34 . 6
19 7
6.9
20 . 7
2003
12 . 6
. 2
99
8
100 . 0
79 5
8 . 8
9.3
2 4
7 . 5
2004
14 . 3
7 . 2
. 4
99
6
100 . 0
55 . 8
8 . 4
31 .3
4 4
18 . 9
2005
13 9
9.6
. 4
99
3
100 . 0
66 8
5 . 2
24 .4
3 5
16 . 6
2006
15 8
9.9
. 1
99
4
100 . 0
58 .1
5 . 4
34 .3
2 2
19.9
2007
12 . 2
11.3
. 5
99
2
100 . 0
47 1
52 . 5
26.4
2008
10 . 2
19.3
. 3
98
7
1.7 98 3
38 . 6
60 . 9
30 . 0
EPA420-R-08-015 G-9 September 2008
-------
Table G-10
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 5000 lb. Cars
MODEL
YEAR
< FUEL ECONOMY >
(000) FRAC LAB
55/45
AD J
CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
WGHT
LB
VOL
CU-FT
ENGINE
CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
HP/
CID
HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
1975
1505
.147
12 . 9
o
o
12.5
11 . 0
5000
388
166
14 . 0
115
.429
. 0333
27 . 8
1976
1494
.121
14 . 6
11 . 5
13.9
12 . 5
5000
378
166
13.9
115
.440
. 0333
31 .2
1977
1051
. 074
14 .1
10 9
13.8
12 .1
5000
129.7
387
175
13 . 3
117
.453
. 0351
30.3
1571
3927
1978
477
. 033
14 . 6
11.1
14 . 5
12.4
5000
132 . 3
403
179
13 .1
118
.445
.0358
31. 3
1663
4157
1979
182
. 013
14 . 4
11.1
14 . 2
12.3
5000
126 . 5
396
169
13 7
115
.426
.0339
31. 3
1587
3968
1980
2
. 000
12 . 5
9.9
11 . 9
10.7
5000
121 . 9
382
156
14 . 6
112
.409
. 0312
26 . 8
1320
3299
1981
2
. 000
11 . 7
9.3
11 .1
10.0
5000
122 . 2
387
156
14 . 6
112
.402
. 0311
25 .1
1231
3078
1982
2
. 000
11 . 2
8 . 8
10 6
9 . 5
5000
121 . 4
378
176
13.7
117
.482
. 0353
23 . 8
1160
2900
1983
1
.000
11.5
9 .1
10 9
9 . 8
5000
126 . 4
373
157
14 . 7
112
.426
. 0314
24 . 6
1246
3115
1984
2
.000
11.2
8 . 8
10.6
9 . 5
5000
122.1
374
176
13.7
117
.485
. 0351
23 . 9
1171
2928
1985
1
. 000
10.9
8 . 5
10.3
9 . 2
5000
113.5
394
187
12 9
121
.494
. 0375
23.1
1050
2626
1986
1
. 000
10.7
8 . 3
10.2
9 .1
5000
114 . 2
378
205
12 . 2
125
. 574
. 0409
22.8
1039
2598
1987
1
. 000
11 4
9.0
10 . 6
9.7
5000
113.0
410
191
12 . 4
122
.466
.0382
24 . 2
1095
2738
1988
1
. 000
12 . 3
9.5
11 . 7
10.4
5000
112 . 0
408
207
11 . 6
126
. 509
.0413
26.1
1170
2924
1989
1
. 000
12 . 4
9.5
11 . 7
10.4
5000
112 . 9
410
206
11 . 6
126
. 502
.0411
26.1
1180
2949
1990
0
. 000
10 9
8 . 2
10 7
9.2
5000
95 . 9
326
240
10.3
135
. 736
. 0480
23 .1
885
2212
1992
10
.001
17.3
12 . 8
16.7
14 . 5
5000
126 . 0
283
297
9.1
152
1 .041
. 0594
36 . 8
1851
4627
1993
16
.001
18 . 9
13 . 9
18 3
15 . 8
5000
125.8
247
263
9.8
142
1 .072
. 0526
39.7
1995
4987
1994
11
. 001
20.4
14 . 6
20.2
17 . 0
5000
124 .5
254
266
9 . 8
143
1. 051
. 0532
43.0
2141
5352
1995
16
. 001
19.6
14 .1
19 0
16.3
5000
119.6
284
298
8 . 8
152
1. 048
.0595
40.9
1961
4902
1996
7
. 001
19 9
13 9
20 . 3
16 . 6
5000
125.5
286
303
8 . 6
153
1 . 058
.0605
41. 6
2092
5231
1997
9
. 001
20 . 2
14 .0
20 5
16.8
5000
125 .1
288
304
8 . 6
154
1 . 057
.0608
42 .1
2107
5268
1998
6
. 000
20 2
14 . 0
20 2
16.7
5000
126 .1
283
299
8.7
152
1 . 059
. 0598
41 . 9
2114
5284
1999
8
. 001
19 7
13.6
19.5
16 . 3
5000
124 . 0
290
306
8.5
154
1 . 060
.0613
40 . 8
2030
5074
2000
1
.000
18.3
12 . 4
18.8
15 . 2
5000
120 .1
325
324
8 .1
159
.996
.0648
38 . 0
1826
4566
2001
1
.000
18.2
12 . 3
18 7
15 .1
5000
120.1
327
325
8 . 0
160
.995
. 0650
37 .7
1813
4534
2002
0
. 000
19.1
13 5
17 7
15 . 5
5000
121.2
303
302
8 . 5
153
. 997
. 0604
38 .8
1880
4699
2003
1
. 000
19.6
13.0
20 .1
16.2
5000
124 . 6
346
373
7 . 9
173
1. 057
.0747
40.6
2017
5043
2004
54
. 003
21 . 7
14 . 9
20 . 3
17.5
5000
164 . 2
217
253
9 . 9
139
1 .161
.0506
43.8
2880
7199
2005
70
. 004
21 . 7
14 . 7
20 6
17 . 5
5000
164 .1
218
254
9 . 9
139
1 .163
. 0508
43 . 9
2883
7207
2006
25
. 002
21 . 5
14 . 6
20 3
17 . 4
5000
162 . 4
224
264
9.7
142
1 .172
. 0528
43 . 5
2828
7069
2007
31
. 002
20 8
13 . 7
20.8
17 . 0
5000
142 . 8
284
325
8.5
160
1 .130
.0651
42 . 7
2451
6128
2008
31
.002
20.7
13 . 6
20.8
17 . 0
5000
141 . 9
289
332
8 . 4
161
1.129
.0664
42 . 7
2438
6095
Percent of 5000 lb. Cars:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4 WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
1975
1976
. 3
1977
3 . 3
. 7
1978
4 . 9
14 .1
. 4
. 9
1979
. 9
9 .1
1980
6 . 7
1981
42 . 6
57 .4
1982
14 . 2
44 . 2
41.5
1983
6 . 5
19 3
74 .2
1984
15 . 8
37 . 4
46.8
1985
16 . 3
83 . 7
1986
30 . 6
69 . 4
100 . 0
1987
1 . 8
100 . 0
100 . 0
1988
4 . 9
100 . 0
100 . 0
1989
100 . 0
100 . 0
1990
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
1992
89 1
10 . 9
10 . 9
89 .1
89.1
1993
100 . 0
6 . 5
93 . 5
59.7
1994
94 . 0
6 . 0
6 . 0
94 . 0
65.1
1995
97 . 3
2 . 7
2 . 7
97 . 3
97 . 3
1996
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100.0
1997
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100.0
1998
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100.0
1999
100.0
100.0
8 . 0
92 . 0
93.0
2000
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
2001
100.0
100.0
97 . 7
1 . 2
1 .1
98 .8
2002
100.0
100.0
100.0
2003
100.0
100.0
21. 9
78 .1
78.1
2004
98
1
100.0
100.0
99 .1
2005
30.8
67
6
100.0
100.0
1.2
98 . 5
1 . 9
2006
94
6
100.0
100.0
2.7
96 . 7
6.0
2007
1.1
88
8
100.0
100.0
9.1
90 . 9
33.4
2008
85
8
100.0
2.1 97 . 9
13 . 6
86 . 4
6.3
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-10
September 2008
-------
Table G-ll
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 5500 lb. Cars
MODEL
YEAR
< FUEL ECONOMY >
(000) FRAC LAB
55/45
AD J
CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
WGHT
LB
VOL
CU-FT
ENGINE
CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
HP/
CID
HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
1975
828
.081
12.2
9 . 4
11.8
10 . 4
5500
458
208
12 6
123
.454
. 0378
28 . 6
1976
934
.076
13.3
10 . 4
12.7
11 . 3
5500
460
203
12 7
121
.443
. 0370
31 .2
1977
298
.021
12 6
9 . 6
12 6
10 . 8
5500
131 .8
447
194
13.2
119
.435
. 0353
29.7
1421
3908
1978
134
. 009
12 8
9 . 7
12 9
10 . 9
5500
130.7
445
191
13 . 3
118
.429
. 0348
30.1
1437
3951
1979
2
. 000
11 0
8 . 8
10.1
9.4
5500
112 . 7
417
174
14 . 4
114
.417
. 0317
25.8
1060
2916
1980
0
. 000
10 . 7
8 . 6
9 . 8
9.1
5500
100.7
412
170
14 . 7
113
.413
.0309
25.2
922
2534
1981
0
. 000
10 . 5
8.3
9 . 9
8 . 9
5500
98 . 8
412
170
14 . 7
113
.413
. 0309
24 . 6
888
2442
1982
0
. 000
10 1
8 . 0
9 . 5
8 . 6
5500
92 . 5
412
170
14 .7
113
.413
. 0309
23 . 7
798
2194
1983
0
.000
10 9
8 . 5
10.7
9 . 3
5500
92 . 3
412
170
14 . 7
113
.413
. 0309
25 . 7
862
2370
1984
0
.000
11.0
8 . 5
10.7
9 . 3
5500
92 . 6
412
170
14 . 7
113
.413
. 0309
25.7
866
2382
1985
0
. 000
11 0
8 . 5
10.8
9 . 4
5500
92 .5
412
170
14 . 7
113
.413
. 0309
25.7
866
2382
1986
0
. 000
11 0
8.4
10 . 7
9.3
5500
92 . 4
412
170
14 . 7
113
.413
.0309
25.6
861
2369
1987
0
. 000
10 . 9
8.5
10 . 3
9.2
5500
92 . 0
412
187
13 7
117
.454
.0340
25.5
854
2348
1988
0
. 000
12 . 2
9.4
11 . 4
10.3
5500
91 . 3
412
205
12 . 6
122
.498
. 0373
28 . 2
937
2577
1989
0
. 000
12 . 5
9.6
11 . 9
10.5
5500
103 . 8
412
259
10.7
136
. 630
. 0472
29 . 0
1097
3018
1990
1
. 000
13 1
10.0
12.5
11 . 0
5500
107 . 2
412
250
11.0
134
. 607
. 0455
30 . 3
1182
3250
1991
1
.000
13.2
10 . 0
12.4
11 . 0
5500
107 .5
412
237
11 4
131
.577
. 0432
30 . 4
1186
3263
1992
0
.000
14 .1
10 2
14 . 4
11 . 9
5500
107 .2
412
258
10.7
136
. 625
.0468
32 .8
1279
3518
1993
1
. 000
15.6
11 . 5
15.1
13 . 0
5500
126.5
374
290
10 . 4
144
.777
. 0527
36.1
1677
4612
1994
3
. 000
17 7
12.8
17 . 3
14 .7
5500
141. 3
356
262
10 . 5
137
.735
.0476
40.7
2106
5790
1995
3
. 000
18 . 2
13.2
17 . 6
15.1
5500
143 .1
354
252
10 7
134
.712
.0459
41. 8
2185
6009
1996
3
. 000
17 . 8
13.1
16 7
14 . 7
5500
155 . 8
357
261
10 4
137
. 734
. 0475
40 . 6
2310
6354
1997
1
. 000
18 .1
12 6
18 . 4
15.1
5500
149.9
315
312
9.0
150
1 . 011
. 0567
42 . 0
2328
6401
1998
2
. 000
17.0
11 . 4
18 . 9
14 . 4
5500
142 . 7
287
303
9.2
148
1 .062
. 0551
39 . 6
2060
5665
1999
0
.000
14 . 9
10 . 4
14 . 9
12 . 4
5500
98 .1
412
349
8 . 2
160
.847
.0635
34 .1
1216
3344
2000
2
. 000
18 1
12 . 6
17 5
14 . 9
5500
160.0
284
279
9 . 8
141
. 984
. 0507
41.0
2390
6572
2001
0
. 000
16.1
11 . 3
15.3
13.2
5500
123.3
328
322
8 . 8
153
. 982
. 0585
36.4
1630
4481
2002
0
. 000
16 1
11.3
15 . 3
13.2
5500
120.5
328
322
8 . 8
153
. 982
.0585
36.3
1589
4370
2004
4
. 000
18 . 8
12.5
18 . 9
15.4
5500
123 . 8
309
391
7 . 8
171
1 .268
.0711
43 . 0
1952
5368
2005
5
. 000
16 7
11 0
17 . 3
13.9
5500
107 . 8
347
491
6.5
198
1 .409
. 0893
38 . 6
1529
4205
2006
21
. 001
19 9
13.6
18 . 7
16 .1
5500
157 .1
245
295
9 . 6
146
1 . 213
. 0536
44 . 6
2559
7037
2007
17
.001
18.5
12 . 4
18.0
15 .1
5500
153 . 0
297
354
8 . 7
161
1.183
.0645
42 . 0
2346
6451
2008
23
.001
21.7
15 . 0
19.7
17 . 3
5500
150.7
239
305
9.4
149
1.272
. 0556
48.1
2626
7221
Percent of 5500 lb. Cars:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN
YEAR FRONT 4 WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
1975
CO
ho
1976
7 . 4
2 . 9
1977
15 . 9
3 .1
1978
33 . 7
30 . 0
1979
1980
5 . 0
1981
100 . 0
1982
100 . 0
1983
100 . 0
1984
100 . 0
1985
100 . 0
1986
100 . 0
100 . 0
1987
100 . 0
100 . 0
1988
100 . 0
100 . 0
1989
100 . 0
100 . 0
1990
100 . 0
100 . 0
1991
100 . 0
100 . 0
1992
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
1993
56 . 9
71.8 28.2
56 . 9
1994
92 . 4
100 . 0
92 . 4
1995
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
1996
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
1997
73 . 2
100 . 0
100 . 0
26 . 8
1998
94 .1
100 . 0
100 . 0
5 . 9
1999
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
2000
92 .1
100.0
100.0
7 . 8
2001
100.0
100.0
100.0
2002
100.0
100.0
100.0
2004
11.6 76.2
100.0
100.0
2005
5.9 85.4
100.0
100.0
2006
98 . 4
100.0
100.0
2007
86 . 8
100.0
97 . 4
2 6
2008
82 . 2
100.0
18.8 79.4
1 8
43 .1
7 . 6
73 . 2
94 .1
43.1
7 . 6
52
7
47.3
88.4
84
0
16.0
94 .1
CO
7
1
1.1
78.2
60.1
39
9
32 .0
1.1
98
9
97 .1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-ll
September 2008
-------
Table G-12
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 6000 lb. Cars
MODEL
SALES
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
VOL
ENGINE
0-60
TOP
HP/
HP/
YEAR
(000)
FRAC
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CU-FT
CID
HP
TIME
SPD
CID
WT
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1985
0
.000
10.1
8 . 0
9.5
8 . 6
6000
157 . 5
412
170
15.7
110
.413
. 0283
1986
0
.000
10.1
8 . 0
9.5
8 . 6
6000
157 .5
412
170
15.7
110
.413
. 0283
1987
0
. 000
10.4
8 . 3
9.5
8 . 8
6000
157 .5
412
173
15 . 5
111
.420
. 0288
1988
0
. 000
11 8
9.3
10 . 8
10.0
6000
157 . 5
412
205
13 . 5
119
.498
.0341
1993
1
. 000
17 . 6
13.0
16 . 8
14 .7
6000
145.5
350
175
15 3
111
. 500
.0292
1994
0
. 000
13 . 9
9 . 9
14 . 2
11. 7
6000
90 . 6
412
241
11 . 9
128
. 585
. 0402
1995
0
. 000
13 . 9
9.9
14 . 2
11. 7
6000
90 . 6
412
280
10.7
137
. 679
.0466
1996
0
. 000
14 . 9
10 . 5
15.0
12 . 4
6000
88 . 9
412
350
8 . 8
155
.850
. 0583
1997
0
.000
14 . 9
10 . 5
15.0
12 . 4
6000
88 . 9
412
350
8 . 8
155
.850
. 0583
1998
0
. 000
14 . 9
10 4
14 . 9
12 . 4
6000
88 9
412
350
8 . 8
155
.850
. 0583
1999
2
. 000
19 3
13.3
19 . 2
15 . 9
6000
145.8
279
300
10 . 0
142
1
. 075
.0500
2000
0
. 000
15 . 0
10.4
14 . 8
12 . 4
6000
112 . 8
412
350
8 . 8
155
.850
.0583
2001
3
. 000
17 . 6
12 2
17 .1
14 . 4
6000
168 . 6
303
289
10.3
140
. 961
. 0481
2002
2
. 000
17 . 6
12 1
17 .1
14 . 4
6000
15 4
296
294
10.3
141
. 990
. 0490
2003
2
.000
18.2
12 . 3
18.1
15 . 0
6000
157 . 3
287
285
10.5
139
.992
. 0476
2004
1
.000
18.5
12 . 3
18.5
15 . 2
6000
149.9
294
295
10.3
141
.998
. 0492
2005
1
.000
17.3
11 . 7
16.9
14 . 2
6000
138 .4
313
320
9.8
147
1
. 013
. 0533
2006
3
. 000
15.4
10 0
16.3
12 . 8
6000
114 . 9
369
545
6 . 2
204
1
.478
. 0908
2007
5
. 000
16.2
10.7
16 . 9
13.5
6000
111. 2
348
514
7 . 0
196
1
.451
.0857
2008
6
. 000
16 9
11.1
17 . 3
14 .0
6000
117 . 9
331
465
7 . 8
184
1
.366
.0776
Percent of 6000 lb. Cars:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
1985
100.0
1986
100.0
100.0
1987
100.0
100.0
1988
100.0
100.0
1993
100.0
.5 99.5
100.0
1994
100.0
100.0
100.0
1995
100.0
100.0
100.0
1996
100.0
100.0
100.0
1997
100.0
100.0
100.0
1998
100.0
100.0
100.0
1999
100.0
100.0
100.0
100
0
2000
100.0
100.0
100.0
2001
81. 6
100.0
100.0
18 . 4
81
6
2002
86.8
100.0
100.0
13.2
86
8
2003
93. 9
100.0
100.0
6.1
93
9
2004
88 . 6
100.0
100.0
11. 4
88
6
2005
74 . 5
100.0
100.0
25.5
74
5
2006
92 . 9
100.0
100.0
100
0
2007
24.3 68 . 9
100.0
100.0
100
0
2008
41.1 57 . 9
100.0
100.0
100
0
TON
CU-FT
CU-FT-
-MPG
-MPG
TON-MPI
25 . 9
1358
4075
25.8
1355
4064
26.5
1391
4173
29.9
1571
4712
44 . 0
2134
6402
35 .1
1060
3179
35 . 0
1058
3175
37 . 3
1106
3318
37 .3
1104
3311
37 . 2
1102
3305
47 . 8
2325
6974
37 . 2
1399
4197
43 . 6
2474
7421
43 . 6
185
554
45 . 2
2379
7138
46.1
2318
6955
43.3
2019
6058
38 . 6
1477
4431
40.6
1520
4561
42 . 2
1682
5045
WT HYBRID
92 . 9
68 . 9
57 . 9
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-12
September 2008
-------
Table G-13
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 6500 lb. Cars
MODEL
YEAR
< FUEL ECONOMY >
(000) FRAC LAB
55/45
AD J
CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
WGHT
LB
VOL
CU-FT
ENGINE
CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
HP/
CID
HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
1994
0
.000
13 6
X)
CO
13.7
11 . 4
6500
140 . 2
412
241
12 7
125
.585
. 0371
37 .1
1602
5205
1998
0
.000
13.8
9 . 7
13 9
11 . 5
6500
140 .1
412
300
10.6
139
.728
. 0461
37 . 4
1615
5247
2000
0
.000
15.2
10 . 6
15.1
12 . 6
6500
88 . 9
412
325
10.0
144
.789
. 0500
41 . 0
1121
3643
2001
0
.000
15.2
10 . 5
15.1
12 . 6
6500
0^
CO
CO
412
377
8 . 9
157
. 914
. 0580
40 . 9
1119
3636
2002
0
.000
15.2
10 . 5
15.0
12 . 6
6500
Ci
CO
CO
412
325
10.0
144
.789
. 0500
CO
o
1116
3628
2003
0
.000
15.2
10 . 4
14 . 9
12 . 5
6500
Ci
CO
CO
412
325
o
o
144
.789
. 0500
40 . 7
1114
3620
2004
0
.000
0^
CO
12 . 7
CO
X)
15 . 5
6500
133 . 2
281
234
13.0
123
.833
. 0360
50 . 5
2072
6734
2006
2
.000
17 . 9
12 . 0
17.5
14 . 6
6500
144 . 4
279
275
11 4
133
. 986
. 0423
47 . 6
2113
6869
2007
3
.000
Ci
CD
12 . 6
18 . 9
15 . 5
6500
129 . 6
283
244
12 8
125
.857
. 0376
50 . 5
2015
6549
2008
0
.000
14 . 9
9 . 8
15.4
12 . 4
6500
115 . 5
380
538
6.7
195
1 .432
. 0828
40 . 2
1432
4654
Percent of 6500 lb. Cars:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN
YEAR FRONT 4 WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
1994
1998
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2006
2007
2008
100.0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
97 . 0
100 . 0
2 . 9
51 . 9
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-13
September 2008
-------
Table G-14
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 2250 lb. Vans
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY >
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB AD J ADJ ADJ
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
WGHT ENGINE
LB CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
1983
1984
.000
.000
39.0
38 . 6
33 . 5
33 . 5
32 .3
31 .7
32 . 9
32 . 6
2250
2250
97
97
52
52
18 . 3
18 . 3
93
93
.536 .0231 37.2
.536 .0231 36.9
Percent of 2250 lb. Vans:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4 WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
1983 100.0
1984 100.0
33 . 3
40 . 0
100.0
100.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-14
September 2008
-------
Table G-15
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 2750 lb. Vans
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY >
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB AD J ADJ ADJ
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
WGHT ENGINE
LB CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
1984
14
.001
29.8
24 . 0
26 . 9
25 . 3
2750
122
88
14 .1
105
.721
. 0320
34 . 8
1985
8
.001
29.8
23 . 5
28.2
25 . 4
2750
122
88
14 . 0
105
.721
.0320
35.0
1986
5
.000
29.4
23 . 6
26.7
24 . 9
2750
122
88
14 .1
105
.721
.0320
34 . 3
1987
4
.000
29.3
23 . 3
26.4
24 . 7
2750
122
88
14 .1
105
.721
.0320
34 . 0
Percent of 2750 lb. Vans:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
YEAR FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
1984
100.0
42 . 3
57 . 7
1985
100.0
77 . 4
22 . 6
1986
100.0
52 . 5
47 . 5
1987
100.0
47 . 8
52 . 2
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-15
September 2008
-------
Table G-16 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 3000 lb. Vans
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
0
.000
21.2
16 1
21 . 6
C\]
CD
3000
109
67
18 . 6
95
. 615
. 0223
27 . 2
1984
31
.002
25.7
20 . 4
23.8
21 . 8
3000
134
92
14 . 6
105
. 691
. 0307
33.0
1985
56
.004
26.1
21 .1
23.7
22 . 2
3000
128
94
14 . 5
105
.733
. 0313
33.4
1986
50
.003
26 9
21 . 3
24 . 9
22 . 8
3000
128
92
14 . 6
104
.717
. 0306
34 . 3
1987
59
.004
26 6
21 . 2
23 9
22 . 4
3000
130
96
14 . 2
106
.742
. 0320
33. 6
1988
17
.001
27.4
21 . 5
24 . 9
23 . 0
3000
124
97
14 . 0
107
.782
. 0323
34 . 5
1989
13
.001
26.3
20 . 6
23.8
22 . 0
3000
124
97
14 . 0
107
.783
. 0323
33.0
1990
5
.000
26.4
20 . 3
24 .3
22 . 0
3000
137
116
12 . 4
114
.842
. 0387
33.1
1991
8
.001
26.2
20 . 3
23.5
21 . 7
3000
122
96
14 .1
106
.789
. 0321
32 . 6
1992
23
.002
28.3
21 . 2
26.4
23 . 4
3000
119
114
12 . 4
113
. 963
. 0379
35.3
1993
11
.001
28.5
21 .1
26 6
23 . 5
3000
120
119
12 . 0
115
. 994
. 0397
35.4
1994
5
.000
28.4
20 . 8
26.7
23 . 4
3000
127
124
11 . 6
118
. 981
. 0414
35.3
1995
4
.000
27 .7
20 .1
26.1
22 . 8
3000
130
127
11 . 4
118
. 974
. 0422
34 . 3
1996
0
.000
27 .7
19 9
26.0
22 . 6
3000
134
127
11 . 4
119
. 954
. 0424
34 .1
Percent of 3000 lb. Vans:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
YEAR FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
1975
71 . 4
100 . 0
1984
69.4
32 . 4
23.6
30. 6
1985
51 .2
5 . 3
22 . 2
50.3
43.5
1986
43.5
26 . 9
62 . 2
32 . 2
29.6
1987
38 .2
14 . 4
31 . 7
68 . 3
69.3
1988
68 . 9
19 . 5
41 . 5
58 . 5
100.0
1989
73.5
18 . 0
35 . 0
65.0
99.3
. 7
1990
71.5
8 . 5
57 . 2
42 . 8
97 . 2
2 . 8
1991
78.8
21 . 2
32 . 2
67 . 8
100.0
1992
99.5
. 5
35 . 3
64 . 7
100.0
1993
100.0
13 . 3
86.7
100.0
1994
51 .0
49.0
21 . 4
78 . 6
100.0
1995
40.5
59 . 5
16 . 4
83.6
100.0
1996
100.0
13 . 2
86.8
100.0
4.8 49.0 46.2
100.0
100.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-16
September 2008
-------
Table G-17 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 3500 lb. Vans
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
17
.002
19.0
14 . 5
CO
16 . 2
3500
214
98
15 . 9
103
.466
. 0280
28 . 4
1976
12
.001
19.5
15 . 4
18.3
16 . 6
3500
211
96
16 3
102
.460
. 0273
29.1
1977
9
.001
20.2
16 4
18.2
17 .1
3500
201
92
16 8
101
.471
. 0264
30.1
1978
11
.001
19.4
15 . 6
17 .7
16 . 5
3500
200
101
15 . 8
104
. 509
. 0288
28 . 9
1979
8
.001
18.7
14 . 8
17 . 6
16 . 0
3500
120
67
20 . 9
92
. 558
. 0191
28 . 0
1980
17
.002
19.0
14 . 9
17 . 9
16 .1
3500
151
77
19 3
95
. 524
. 0219
28 . 3
1981
16
.001
19.3
15 . 5
17 .7
16 . 4
3500
172
81
18 . 6
97
.490
. 0230
28 . 8
1982
25
.003
20 9
16 9
18 . 9
17 . 8
3500
179
81
18 . 7
97
.473
. 0233
31. 9
1983
10
.001
19.5
15 . 5
18.2
16 . 6
3500
119
69
20 . 5
93
. 582
. 0198
29.4
1984
164
.012
24 .2
19 3
22.4
20 . 6
3500
139
96
16 1
102
. 694
. 0275
36.3
1985
292
.020
23.5
18 . 7
21 . 9
20 . 0
3500
154
102
15 . 4
105
. 673
. 0293
35.2
1986
320
.021
24 .3
19 1
22.7
20 . 6
3500
152
102
15 . 3
105
. 674
. 0292
36.2
1987
329
.022
24 .1
18 . 7
22.7
20 . 4
3500
162
120
13 . 8
111
.735
. 0343
35.8
1988
262
.017
24 .5
18 . 8
23.2
20 . 6
3500
166
123
13 . 5
112
.736
. 0353
36.2
1989
263
.018
24 .3
18 . 7
22.5
20 . 3
3500
159
120
13 . 9
111
.753
. 0343
35.7
1990
213
.017
25.2
19 0
23 9
21 .1
3500
170
129
13 . 0
114
.758
. 0368
36.9
1991
63
.005
25.3
19 2
23.5
21 . 0
3500
161
109
14 . 9
107
. 674
. 0312
36.9
1992
84
.007
25.7
19 4
23.7
21 . 3
3500
156
110
14 . 6
107
.707
. 0314
37 . 3
1993
220
.017
25.3
18 . 6
24 .0
21 . 0
3500
176
133
12 . 6
116
.755
. 0380
36.7
1994
144
.010
24 .7
18 . 3
22 . 9
20 . 4
3500
173
131
12 . 8
115
.755
. 0374
35. 6
1995
237
.016
25.1
18 . 4
23.4
20 . 6
3500
171
137
12 . 2
117
.807
. 0391
36.1
1996
32
.002
27.0
19 4
25 6
22 .1
3500
145
144
11 . 6
120
1. 013
. 0411
39.0
1997
33
.002
24 .2
17 . 6
22.2
19 . 7
3500
145
133
12 . 4
115
. 927
. 0379
34 . 6
1998
16
.001
27.0
19 3
24 . 9
21 . 9
3500
138
150
11 . 3
122
1. 087
. 0429
38 . 4
1999
1
.000
26 9
19 3
24 .3
21 . 7
3500
138
150
11 . 3
122
1. 087
. 0429
37 . 9
Percent of 3500 lb. Vans:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
YEAR FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
1975
18 . 7
6 .1
1976
24 . 4
13 . 3
1977
28 . 8
23 . 2
1978
28 . 4
23 . 4
1979
81 . 2
100 . 0
1980
62 . 8
25.0
70 .1
1981
55 . 9
34 .3
50 . 6
1982
62 . 9
32 .5
25 .1
1983
79 . 6
96 . 9
1984
68 .8
27 .1
15.7
21 . 6
9 . 6
1985
76.3
15 . 2
14 . 6
10.1
6 . 6
1986
71.0
9 . 6
23.5
22.0
2 . 7
1987
75 . 9
1 . 8
9 . 6
52 .8
50.5
8 . 5
1988
80.7
1 . 7
7 . 3
63 . 9
63.5
36 . 5
1989
84 .5
1 . 3
5 . 6
30 . 6
53 . 6
46 . 4
1990
92 .4
1 . 3
5 . 0
90 . 9
72.1
27 . 9
1991
81.4
3 . 6
4 .1
95 . 9
28 . 9
71 .1
1992
85.5
7 . 3
8 . 6
91 .4
35.5
64 . 5
1993
96.5
. 1
2 . 9
97 .1
80.2
19 . 8
1994
96.5
. 7
2 . 8
97 .2
73.4
26 . 6
1995
95.4
. 8
. 2
99.8
87.5
12 . 5
1996
76.3
. 4
. 1
9 9.9
100.0
1997
73.1
100.0
100.0
1998
100.0
100.0
100.0
1999
100.0
100.0
100.0
15.0
3.1
99.3
85.7
24 .5
26 . 9
14 . 3
75.5
73.1
100.0
100.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-17
September 2008
-------
Table G-18 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 4000 lb. Vans
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB AD J ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
262
.026
14 .0
11 . 2
12 . 9
11 . 9
4000
310
136
14 . 0
112
.434
.0340
24 . 5
1976
293
.024
14 .1
11 . 2
13.1
12 . 0
4000
323
142
13 5
114
.437
. 0356
24 . 7
1977
262
. 019
16.1
13 0
14 . 6
13 . 7
4000
323
148
12 . 9
116
.457
. 0371
27 . 7
1978
310
. 021
15 . 6
12.7
14 .1
13.3
4000
321
142
13.2
115
.444
. 0356
27 . 0
1979
83
. 006
16 5
13.5
14 . 8
14 .0
4000
275
128
14 . 3
110
.468
. 0320
28 . 4
1980
90
. 008
18 . 4
14 . 6
17 . 0
15.6
4000
263
121
15.0
108
.466
. 0304
31 .4
1981
81
. 008
18 . 7
14 . 9
17 . 4
15.9
4000
262
120
15 . 2
107
.463
. 0300
32 .1
1982
85
. 009
18.8
15 . 0
17.4
16 . 0
4000
264
117
15 . 8
106
.445
.0292
32 . 4
1983
102
.010
18.8
15 . 0
17.5
16 . 0
4000
261
112
16 1
105
.433
.0281
32 . 4
1984
160
.011
18.0
14 . 3
16.8
15 . 3
4000
276
116
15 5
106
.427
.0290
31. 0
1985
184
.013
19.8
15 6
18 6
16 . 8
4000
272
137
13 7
113
. 510
. 0342
34 .1
1986
316
. 021
21 1
16 3
20.5
18 . 0
4000
232
134
13 9
112
. 590
. 0335
36 . 0
1987
401
. 027
21 7
16 6
21 . 0
18.4
4000
222
148
12.8
117
. 689
. 0371
36 . 8
1988
559
. 037
22 . 2
16.8
21 . 7
18.8
4000
214
149
12 6
117
.717
. 0374
37 . 6
1989
674
. 047
22 . 5
16.9
21 . 9
18 . 9
4000
207
145
12 9
115
.722
. 0364
37 . 9
1990
684
. 054
22 . 2
16.6
21 . 5
18 . 7
4000
199
143
13 . 2
115
.722
. 0357
37 .5
1991
686
. 055
22 . 5
16 8
21.5
18 . 8
4000
194
144
13 . 0
115
.756
.0361
37 . 8
1992
758
.062
22 . 6
16 7
21.7
18 . 9
4000
198
146
12 . 9
116
.745
.0365
37 . 8
1993
826
.063
22 . 6
16 5
22.0
18 . 9
4000
196
149
12 . 6
117
.768
.0373
37 . 8
1994
849
.060
22.7
16 5
21 . 9
18 . 8
4000
203
151
12 . 5
117
.752
.0378
37 . 8
1995
990
.065
22 9
16 4
22 4
19 . 0
4000
217
152
12.5
118
. 713
. 0380
38 . 0
1996
956
. 073
23.5
16 8
22 6
19.4
4000
201
166
11.7
122
. 828
. 0415
38 . 8
1997
792
. 055
23 . 4
16 6
22 . 5
19.2
4000
196
164
11 8
121
.835
. 0409
38 . 6
1998
1116
. 077
23 . 8
16.7
23 0
19.5
4000
202
174
11 2
125
.863
. 0435
39.1
1999
822
. 054
23 9
16.6
23 2
19.6
4000
198
168
11 . 5
123
.857
. 0420
39.2
2000
947
. 057
24 . 2
16.7
23.3
19 . 7
4000
194
171
11 . 3
124
.892
.0427
39.5
2001
462
.030
24 . 6
16 9
23.4
20 . 0
4000
194
183
10 7
128
. 953
.0457
40.0
2002
451
.028
24 . 9
17 . 0
23.8
20 . 2
4000
196
186
10 6
129
. 956
.0464
40.4
2003
493
.031
25.4
17 . 2
24 .2
20 . 5
4000
199
185
10 6
128
. 934
.0462
41.1
2004
186
.012
25.1
16 8
24 . 2
20 . 3
4000
203
185
10 6
129
. 917
.0463
40 . 6
2005
380
. 024
25.5
17 . 0
24 . 0
20 . 4
4000
198
182
10.8
128
. 926
. 0456
40 . 9
2006
160
. 011
25.7
17.2
24 . 2
20 . 6
4000
190
183
10.7
128
. 969
. 0457
41 . 2
2007
115
. 008
25 . 8
17.2
24 . 3
20.7
4000
193
181
10.8
127
. 938
. 0452
41 . 3
2008
0
. 000
28 . 9
19.4
26 7
23.0
4000
211
269
7 . 8
156
1.275
. 0672
45 . 9
Percent of 4000 lb. Vans:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN
YEAR FRONT 4 WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
1975
34 . 8
1976
30 . 9
1977
23 . 4
1978
22 . 6
1979
34 . 8
29.1
1980
41 . 3
43.7
4 .1
1981
.8
33 . 7
50. 9
4 . 0
1982
23 . 9
55.3
3 . 5
2 . 3
1983
28 . 5
40.0
3 . 3
1984
21 . 2
29.8
3 . 4
1985
. 2
10 . 2
58 . 0
. 2
3 . 2
1986
. 1
6 . 5
86.3
21.1
51 .1
1987
7 . 6
1 . 7
4 . 7
90.3
48 . 9
46.1
1988
33.5
. 2
2 . 6
93.8
60.7
39 . 3
1989
30. 6
. 4
2 . 4
96.5
67 . 7
32 .3
1990
57 . 0
10 . 0
. 9
97 .1
69.4
30 . 6
1991
49.2
12 . 6
1 . 2
98 . 4
79.7
20.3
1992
60.7
1 . 8
. 6
99.4
85.2
14 .8
1993
59.4
1 .1
1 .1
98 . 9
90 . 4
9 . 6
1994
70.6
3 .1
. 2
99.8
90 . 2
9.8
95 . 4
2.7
1 . 9
1995
79.7
10 .1
100.0
96 . 0
4 .0
97 . 0
1.4
1 . 7
1996
90.3
100 . 0
100 . 0
94 . 7
1.1
4 . 2
1997
87 . 9
100 . 0
100 . 0
93 . 7
1.1
5 . 2
1998
96 . 2
100 . 0
100 . 0
88 . 4
11 . 6
1999
95 . 7
100 . 0
100 . 0
84 .1
15 . 9
8 . 5
2000
95 . 9
100 . 0
100 . 0
74 . 3
25 . 7
13.9
2001
95 . 8
100 . 0
100 . 0
67 . 4
32 . 6
18 . 6
2002
95 . 7
100 . 0
100 . 0
67 . 0
33 . 0
24 . 5
2003
96.9
100.0
100.0
80.4
19.6
15.5
2004
92 . 6
100.0
100.0
84 . 7
15.3
12.0
2005
95.4
89.6 10.4
100.0
79.3
20.7
2006
100.0
78.1 21.9
100.0
60.7
39.3
6.3
2007
100.0
85.4 14.6
100.0
76.6
23.4
2008
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-18
September 2008
-------
Table G-19 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 4500 lb. Vans
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB AD J ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
165
.016
11 . 6
9 . 5
10.3
CO
4500
333
155
13 6
115
.464
.0345
22 . 2
1976
188
.015
13.3
10 . 7
12 3
11 . 3
4500
330
153
13 8
114
.463
. 0340
25 . 7
1977
222
. 016
13.5
11 . 0
12 0
11 . 4
4500
342
157
13.5
115
.458
. 0348
25 . 9
1978
289
. 020
13.0
10.7
11 . 4
11.0
4500
341
157
13.4
115
.460
. 0348
24 . 9
1979
273
. 020
13 . 6
11.1
12 . 0
11.5
4500
329
145
14 . 3
112
.443
. 0322
26 . 3
1980
91
. 008
16 3
13.1
15 1
13.9
4500
313
141
14 . 6
110
.449
. 0313
31 .5
1981
121
. 011
17 .1
13.7
15 7
14 . 6
4500
305
138
14 . 8
109
.453
. 0306
33.0
1982
164
. 017
16 8
13 . 5
15.3
14 . 2
4500
307
145
14 . 3
112
.474
.0323
32 . 3
1983
215
.021
17.3
13 . 7
16.1
14 . 7
4500
308
149
14 . 0
113
.485
.0332
33.3
1984
245
.017
17.0
13 . 4
16.0
14 . 4
4500
309
152
13 8
114
.493
.0339
32 . 8
1985
258
.018
16.1
12 . 8
14 . 9
13 . 7
4500
309
156
13 5
115
. 503
.0346
30 . 9
1986
284
. 019
17 5
13 8
16.2
14 . 8
4500
304
148
14 .1
112
.485
. 0328
33 . 4
1987
252
. 017
17 3
13 5
16 2
14 .7
4500
313
163
13.0
117
. 521
. 0363
33 .1
1988
184
. 012
17 . 9
13 9
16 8
15.1
4500
320
169
12 6
119
.528
. 0376
34 . 0
1989
223
. 015
17 . 5
13.5
16 5
14 . 8
4500
322
175
12 4
121
.541
. 0389
33.3
1990
268
. 021
18 . 7
14 .1
17 . 9
15.7
4500
305
174
12 . 4
121
.569
. 0387
35 . 6
1991
211
. 017
19 1
14 . 3
18.4
16 . 0
4500
294
170
12 . 7
119
. 580
.0377
36.3
1992
242
.020
19.2
14 . 3
18.3
16 . 0
4500
288
179
12 . 2
122
. 626
.0398
36.5
1993
251
.019
19.8
14 . 6
19.0
16 . 5
4500
281
180
12 .1
122
. 646
.0400
37 . 3
1994
278
.020
19.3
14 . 2
18.3
16 .1
4500
283
186
11 . 7
124
. 664
.0414
36.4
1995
291
.019
19.1
14 . 0
18 1
15 . 8
4500
292
189
11 . 5
125
. 662
. 0421
35 . 9
1996
291
. 022
20.6
14 . 8
20.0
17 .1
4500
248
177
12.2
121
. 716
. 0393
38 . 8
1997
275
. 019
20 . 7
14 .8
19 9
17.1
4500
252
182
11 . 9
123
.727
. 0405
38 . 8
1998
188
. 013
21 . 5
15.3
20 . 6
17 .7
4500
242
186
11 6
124
.770
. 0413
39 . 9
1999
426
. 028
22 .1
15.5
21 . 2
18 .1
4500
234
192
11 3
126
.826
. 0428
40.8
2000
578
. 035
22 . 3
15.5
21 . 4
18 . 2
4500
232
192
11 . 4
126
.832
. 0426
41.2
2001
462
. 030
23.5
16 2
22.5
19 .1
4500
216
196
11 . 2
127
. 908
.0436
43.2
2002
623
.039
23.3
16 0
22.2
18 . 9
4500
220
206
10 8
130
. 941
.0458
42 . 8
2003
564
.036
23 6
16 1
22.4
19 .1
4500
222
211
10 6
132
. 955
.0468
43.1
2004
644
.041
24 .2
16 2
23.1
19 . 5
4500
216
221
10 1
135
1 . 033
.0492
44 .1
2005
955
.060
24 .1
16 1
22 9
19 . 4
4500
218
219
10.2
134
1 . 012
. 0487
43 . 7
2006
927
.061
24 . 5
16 3
23 . 5
19.8
4500
216
215
10.4
133
1 . 000
. 0477
44 . 5
2007
729
. 048
24 . 4
16.2
23 . 4
19 . 6
4500
221
231
9.8
138
1 .053
. 0514
44 . 3
2008
820
. 050
24 . 8
16.5
23 6
19.9
4500
215
220
10.4
135
1 .027
.0490
44 . 9
Percent of 4500 lb. Vans:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN
YEAR FRONT 4 WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
1975
6 . 2
1976
5 . 0
1977
3 . 8
1978
2 . 6
1979
11 . 3
9
1980
14 . 5
47
9
1981
.2
13 . 3
48
8
1982
6 . 8
46
6
1983
3 . 4
68
7
1984
2 . 9
76
7
1985
1 . 0
73
3
1986
. 6
78
0
21. 6
. 0
1987
1 . 0
56
3
32 . 2
45 . 0
. 0
1988
. 9
60
4
16.5
82.8
. 0
1989
1
. 8
71
9
20 . 8
79.1
. 0
1990
4 2
. 0
89
1
9 . 2
90.8
. 0
1991
10 . 8
. 1
94
3
12 . 7
87.2
. 0
1992
13 . 6
.0
97
4
31 . 2
68 .8
1993
1. 3
14 9
98
7
32 . 3
67 .7
1994
. 0
14 8
96
6
49 7
50.3
98 . 4
1.3
1995
7.5
97
8
56 . 0
44 .0
97 . 5
1.0
1 . 5
1996
52 .1
6.1
97
8
100 . 0
98 . 3
1.3
1997
35 . 5
13.3
98
0
100 . 0
97 . 8
1. 7
1998
40 3
14 .7
100
0
100 . 0
95 . 4
4 . 6
1999
76 0
4 .8
100
0
100 . 0
88 . 2
11 . 8
11. 8
2000
78 . 4
3.7
100
0
100 . 0
78 . 9
21 .1
21.1
2001
88 . 5
1 9
100
0
100 . 0
72 . 8
27 . 2
26.7
2002
90 . 9
2.8
100
0
100 . 0
75 . 3
24 . 7
23.9
2003
88 . 6
6.0
100
0
100 . 0
69 . 9
30 .1
29.3
2004
93 . 2
5.0
100
0
100 . 0
35 . 2
64 . 8
64 . 8
2005
92 . 3
6 6
96
2 3.8
100 . 0
57 . 4
42 . 6
38 .8
2006
95. 6
4 4
97
9 2.1
100.0
48 . 0
52 . 0
44 .7
2007
96.7
3 3
97
8 2.2
100.0
42 . 6
57 . 4
56 . 6
2008
96.5
3 5
100
0
100.0
24 . 0
76 . 0
47 .7
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-19
September 2008
-------
Table G-20 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 5000 lb. Vans
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB AD J ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
12
.001
12.0
9 . 7
10.7
10 . 2
5000
398
200
12 . 3
124
.497
.0401
25.5
1976
8
.001
12.4
10 .1
10.9
10 . 5
5000
369
169
13 9
115
.455
. 0338
26 . 3
1977
18
. 001
12 4
10 0
11 2
10 . 5
5000
404
187
12 . 6
121
.464
. 0375
26 . 3
1978
12
. 001
12 5
10.3
11 . 0
10 . 6
5000
389
183
12 . 9
119
.470
. 0365
26 . 5
1979
96
. 007
11 . 8
9 . 6
10 . 6
10.0
5000
347
155
14 . 9
111
.446
. 0309
25 . 4
1980
35
. 003
14 . 2
11.4
13 1
12 .1
5000
334
148
15.3
109
.441
. 0295
30.3
1981
26
. 002
14 . 8
11 9
13 6
12 . 6
5000
325
145
15 . 5
109
.448
. 0290
31 .8
1982
36
. 004
15 1
12 1
13.8
12 . 8
5000
320
144
15 . 6
108
.450
.0288
32 . 3
1983
49
.005
17.1
13 . 5
16.0
14 . 5
5000
336
143
15 . 7
108
.431
.0286
38 . 0
1984
54
.004
15 6
12 . 3
14 .7
13 . 3
5000
329
155
14 . 9
111
.472
.0310
34 .1
1985
52
.004
15.4
12 . 2
14 . 4
13 .1
5000
323
157
14 . 6
112
.486
. 0315
33 . 3
1986
61
. 004
16.0
12 . 5
15.0
13 . 5
5000
326
162
14 .4
113
.495
. 0324
34 . 2
1987
64
. 004
15 . 9
12.3
15 . 0
13.4
5000
322
167
14 .0
115
.516
. 0334
33 . 8
1988
100
. 007
16 7
12.8
16 1
14 .2
5000
312
156
14 . 7
112
.500
. 0313
35 . 6
1989
99
. 007
16 5
12 5
15 8
13.9
5000
315
159
14 . 5
113
. 503
. 0318
34 . 9
1990
83
. 007
16 5
12 5
15 7
13.9
5000
317
165
14 .1
114
. 519
. 0331
34 .8
1991
55
. 004
16 6
12 . 5
15.8
13 . 9
5000
315
165
14 .1
114
. 522
.0330
34 . 9
1992
92
.008
17.5
13 .1
16.7
14 . 7
5000
305
169
13 . 8
115
. 557
.0339
36.9
1993
101
.008
17 .7
13 .1
16 9
14 . 8
5000
306
184
12 . 8
120
. 607
.0369
37 .1
1994
108
.008
17 6
12 . 9
17 0
14 . 7
5000
308
190
12 . 5
121
. 623
. 0381
36 . 8
1995
106
. 007
17 8
13 0
16.9
14 . 7
5000
302
184
12 . 9
120
. 613
. 0367
36 . 9
1996
100
. 008
17 . 8
12 . 9
17 . 0
14 .8
5000
317
203
12.0
125
. 644
. 0407
37 . 0
1997
135
. 009
19 0
13.7
18 .1
15.7
5000
296
219
11 1
129
.743
. 0438
39 . 3
1998
135
. 009
18 . 6
13.3
17 . 8
15.4
5000
295
217
11 2
129
.738
. 0433
38 .5
1999
176
. 012
18 . 2
13.0
17 . 3
15.0
5000
296
218
11 . 2
129
.741
. 0437
37 .4
2000
145
.009
18.4
13 .1
17.1
15 . 0
5000
292
219
11 . 2
129
.751
.0437
37 . 6
2001
174
.011
19.1
13 . 4
17 . 9
15 . 5
5000
284
226
10 8
131
.800
.0452
39.0
2002
155
.010
18.7
13 . 2
17.3
15 . 2
5000
262
210
11 . 5
127
.813
.0420
38 .1
2003
137
.009
19.3
13 . 5
17 7
15 . 6
5000
252
204
11 . 8
125
.820
.0409
39 .1
2004
101
. 006
20.4
13 9
19.4
16 . 5
5000
241
205
11.7
126
. 857
. 0410
41 . 4
2005
130
. 008
20.7
14 . 0
19.6
16.7
5000
234
202
11 . 9
125
.869
. 0404
41 . 9
2006
63
. 004
19 9
13.7
18 .1
15 . 9
5000
267
216
11 3
129
.810
. 0432
39 . 9
2007
23
. 002
20 . 4
14 .1
18 . 7
16.4
5000
268
205
11 8
126
.761
. 0411
41.0
2008
47
. 003
24 . 6
16.4
23 4
19.8
5000
247
236
10 . 5
134
. 961
. 0472
49.8
Percent of 5000 lb. Vans:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN
YEAR FRONT 4 WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
1975
13 .1
1976
1 . 9
1977
2 . 7
1978
1 . 0
1979
4 . 3
6.5
1980
5 . 0
19.9
1981
4 . 8
31. 7
1982
4 . 7
29.4
1983
2 . 6
69.4
26
9
1984
3 . 5
51. 9
8
4
1985
1 . 5
65.2
2
8
1986
. 7
58 . 7
23
5
1
4
1987
. 4
48 .1
40
0
13 6
6
1988
. 0
74 . 2
84
0
14 .3
7
1989
. 0
76.6
83
0
16.5
5
1990
3
86 . 9
81
8
17.5
7
1991
86 . 4
82
8
16.3
8
1992
15.4
81 . 4
90
0
9.5
5
1993
18.3
86 . 4
94
3
5.7
1994
18 3
o
CO
03
98
0
2.0
100 . 0
1995
1. 7
22 7
.7
87 . 0
90
2
9.8
100 . 0
1996
15 . 2
93.1
100
0
100 . 0
1997
16 . 9
100.0
100
0
100 . 0
1998
15 . 3
100.0
100
0
100 . 0
1999
. 1
11 3
100.0
100
0
99.9
2000
16 . 7
100.0
100
0
100 . 0
2001
12 7
100.0
100
0
100 . 0
2002
32 .1
13 . 3
100.0
100
0
67 . 9
2003
37 . 7
15 . 3
100.0
100
0
62 . 3
2004
52 . 5
10 . 0
100.0
100
0
47 . 5
2005
58 . 9
10 . 5
100.0
100
0
41 .1
2006
13 . 0
100.0
100
0
100.0
2007
100.0
100
0
100.0
2008
71.1
100.0
100
0
28 . 9
32 .1
37 . 7
52 . 5
58 . 9
11.1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-20
September 2008
-------
Table G-21 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 5500 lb. Vans
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1979
16
.001
11.4
9 . 5
9 . 9
9 . 7
5500
377
168
15 . 6
112
.438
. 0305
26.9
1980
8
.001
12.4
10 . 0
11.2
10 . 5
5500
356
154
16 0
108
.431
. 0279
28 . 9
1981
0
.000
12.3
9 . 9
11.2
10 . 5
5500
346
154
15 . 9
109
.447
. 0281
29.0
1982
0
.000
13.4
10 . 9
12.1
11 . 4
5500
337
143
16 8
106
.427
. 0260
31. 4
1983
5
.000
18.2
14 . 2
17.5
15 . 5
5500
369
140
17 . 2
105
. 383
. 0255
46.3
1984
6
.000
14 .5
11 . 4
13 9
12 . 4
5500
362
158
15 . 8
109
.438
. 0287
37 .1
1985
5
.000
12 . 9
10 . 3
12.0
11 . 0
5500
351
180
14 .1
115
. 512
. 0327
30.4
1986
6
.000
15.0
12 . 0
13.7
12 . 7
5500
286
158
15 . 9
110
.594
. 0288
36.6
1987
4
.000
14 . 6
11 . 3
13.8
12 . 4
5500
346
195
13 . 2
119
.564
. 0356
34 . 6
1988
10
.001
14 .2
11 . 0
13.3
12 . 0
5500
346
195
13 . 2
119
.562
. 0355
33.4
1989
5
.000
14 .4
11 . 2
13.4
12 .1
5500
343
192
13 . 5
118
. 559
.0349
34 . 0
1990
9
.001
14 .4
10 . 7
14 .3
12 . 2
5500
347
199
13 . 0
120
. 574
. 0363
33.7
1991
10
.001
15.2
11 . 3
14 . 9
12 . 8
5500
334
187
13 . 8
117
. 556
. 0340
35.3
1992
18
.002
15 9
11 . 8
15.3
13 . 3
5500
323
178
14 . 4
115
. 548
. 0323
36.8
1993
31
.002
16.1
12 .1
15.2
13 . 4
5500
321
178
14 . 3
115
. 553
. 0324
37 .1
1994
27
.002
16.2
12 .1
15.1
13 . 5
5500
316
174
14 . 6
114
. 550
. 0316
37 . 2
1995
27
.002
16.2
12 . 0
15.1
13 . 4
5500
314
172
14 . 8
113
. 545
. 0312
37 .1
1996
25
.002
15.8
11 . 6
14 .8
13 .1
5500
314
169
15 . 0
112
. 536
. 0308
36.0
1997
27
.002
17.3
12 . 4
16.7
14 . 3
5500
288
212
12 . 4
124
.743
. 0385
39.6
1998
31
.002
17.4
12 . 4
16 9
14 . 4
5500
296
217
12 .1
125
.738
. 0395
39.7
1999
36
.002
17.5
12 . 3
16 9
14 . 4
5500
294
226
11 . 8
127
.772
. 0410
39.7
2000
17
.001
17.2
12 . 2
16.3
14 .1
5500
296
221
12 .1
126
.752
. 0402
39.0
2001
66
.004
17.4
12 .1
16 9
14 . 3
5500
314
249
10 . 8
133
.798
. 0452
39.3
2002
11
.001
17.5
12 . 3
16.4
14 . 2
5500
298
228
11 . 6
128
.780
. 0415
39.4
2003
21
.001
18.2
12 . 9
16 6
14 . 7
5500
312
263
10 . 4
137
.844
. 0479
40.6
2004
6
.000
19.1
13 . 3
17.5
15 . 4
5500
298
251
10 . 8
134
.842
. 0457
42 . 4
2005
4
.000
19.3
13 . 3
17.8
15 . 5
5500
301
260
10 . 6
136
.859
. 0472
42 . 8
2006
7
.000
19.2
13 . 2
17 . 6
15 . 4
5500
293
250
10 . 9
134
.847
. 0454
42 . 4
2007
2
.000
19.2
13 . 2
18.0
15 . 6
5500
325
295
9 . 4
146
. 908
. 0536
42 . 8
2008
10
.001
19.4
13 . 6
17.3
15 . 5
5500
325
301
9 . 3
147
. 926
. 0547
42 . 6
Percent of 5500 lb. Vans:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FUEL METERING
YEAR
FRONT
4WD
MANUAL
LOCK
CVT
GDI PORT
TBI
DSL
TWO
1979
3 .1
1980
. 8
1981
4 . 4
1982
2 . 3
2 . 5
1983
. 6
83.2
61. 2
1984
1 . 0
59.3
32 . 8
1985
44 . 9
1986
32 . 4
35.0
32 . 4
1987
50.7
11. 6
39 .1
1988
29.0
71. 4
24 . 3
1.1
1989
45.0
66.2
33 . 5
. 3
1990
95.1
82 . 5
17 . 5
. 0
1991
100.0
89.0
10 . 9
. 0
1992
93.7
92 . 9
7 .1
1993
. 6
78 . 0
89.5
10 . 5
1994
74 .1
90. 9
9 .1
100 . 0
1995
70.8
94 . 9
5 .1
100 . 0
1996
61. 5
100.0
100 . 0
1997
5.9
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
1998
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
1999
2 . 8
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
2000
9.9
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
2001
1. 9
17 . 8
100.0
100.0
98 .1
2002
7 .1
100.0
100.0
92 . 9
2003
1. 4
1 . 9
100.0
100.0
98 . 6
2004
24 . 9
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
2005
39 . 2
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
2006
33 . 6
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
2007
100 . 0
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
2008
41 . 6
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
NUMBER OF VALVES
THREE FOUR
1 . 9
7 .1
1 . 4
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-21
September 2008
-------
Table G-22
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 6000 lb. Vans
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY >
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB AD J ADJ ADJ
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
WGHT ENGINE
LB CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
1975
0
.000
11.1
9 .1
9.7
9 . 4
6000
317
148
17 .1
105
.470
. 0248
28 . 5
1976
0
.000
11 . 9
9 . 7
10 6
10 .1
6000
325
144
17 . 5
103
.445
. 0240
30.5
1977
1
.000
13.0
10 . 9
11.2
11 . 0
6000
318
148
17 . 3
105
.468
. 0247
33.2
1978
1
.000
12.5
10 . 4
10 9
10 . 6
6000
324
154
16 8
106
.475
. 0256
31. 9
1979
3
.000
10 6
8 . 4
10.1
9 .1
6000
460
270
10 . 8
135
. 587
. 0450
27 . 2
1980
1
.000
10 9
9 .1
9.4
9 . 2
6000
400
187
14 . 6
114
.467
. 0312
27 . 7
1982
0
.000
11 . 9
9 . 5
10.8
10 .1
6000
350
165
16 1
109
.471
. 0275
30.3
1983
0
.000
12 . 6
10 .1
11 . 6
10 . 7
6000
366
150
17 . 4
105
.410
. 0250
32 . 2
1984
0
.000
12 . 9
10 . 3
11.8
10 . 9
6000
366
150
17 . 4
105
.410
. 0250
32 . 8
1985
1
.000
21.3
16 2
21.5
18 . 2
6000
376
133
19 2
101
. 354
. 0222
55.7
1986
1
.000
23.1
17 . 5
22 . 9
19 . 6
6000
379
130
19 5
100
. 343
. 0217
58 . 9
1987
0
.000
22 . 9
17 . 4
22.4
19 . 4
6000
379
130
19 5
100
. 343
. 0217
58 .1
1988
0
.000
21.7
16 1
21 . 9
18 . 4
6000
379
126
20 . 0
99
. 332
. 0210
55.1
1989
0
.000
21.3
16 0
20.8
18 . 0
6000
379
130
19 5
100
. 343
. 0217
53. 9
1990
0
.000
21.5
15 . 8
21.7
18 . 2
6000
379
135
18 . 9
101
. 356
. 0225
54 . 5
1991
0
.000
20.4
15 . 2
19.8
17 .1
6000
379
140
18 . 4
103
.369
. 0233
51. 4
1992
4
.000
15.0
10 . 8
15.2
12 . 6
6000
352
202
13 . 7
118
. 574
. 0337
38 . 0
1993
0
.000
21.3
15 . 7
20.2
17 . 7
6000
379
145
17 . 9
104
. 383
. 0242
53.0
1994
6
.000
15.5
11 . 2
15.4
13 . 0
6000
351
204
13 . 6
119
. 582
. 0341
39.0
1995
6
.000
16.1
11 . 5
15 9
13 . 4
6000
344
197
14 .1
117
. 570
. 0328
40.3
1996
5
.000
16.1
11 . 5
15 9
13 . 4
6000
350
205
13 . 5
119
. 587
. 0342
40.2
1997
3
.000
16.3
11 . 6
16.1
13 . 6
6000
331
226
12 . 5
124
. 683
. 0377
40.8
1998
2
.000
16.4
11 . 6
16.1
13 . 6
6000
330
226
12 . 5
124
. 684
. 0376
40.9
1999
3
.000
16.0
11 . 3
15.7
13 . 3
6000
329
234
12 . 2
126
.709
. 0390
39.8
2000
3
.000
16.2
11 . 6
15.2
13 . 3
6000
330
250
11 . 5
130
.759
. 0417
39.9
2001
67
.004
16.0
11 . 2
15.4
13 .1
6000
330
260
11 . 2
132
.787
. 0433
39.4
2002
4
.000
17.1
12 . 0
16.0
13 . 9
6000
330
254
11 . 4
131
.771
. 0424
41. 7
2003
17
.001
18.5
12 . 8
17.4
15 . 0
6000
322
281
10 . 5
138
.871
.0468
45.3
2004
16
.001
18.7
13 .1
17.2
15 .1
6000
324
278
10 . 6
137
.857
.0463
45.5
2005
11
.001
18.2
12 . 7
16.5
14 . 7
6000
325
278
10 . 6
137
.856
.0463
44 . 0
2006
8
.001
18.2
12 . 6
16 6
14 . 6
6000
326
283
10 . 5
138
.868
. 0471
44 . 0
2007
6
.000
18.1
12 . 6
16.5
14 . 6
6000
325
295
10 .1
141
. 908
.0492
43.8
2008
14
.001
17.8
12 . 4
16.1
14 . 3
6000
325
301
9 . 9
143
. 926
. 0502
42 . 9
Percent of 6000 lb. Vans:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN
YEAR FRONT 4 WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
1975
85 . 3
1976
85 . 7
1977
65 . 6
1978
64 . 3
1979
1980
1982
100.0
1983
1984
1985
2 .1
97 . 9
91. 2
1986
2 . 2
97 . 8
100.0
1987
. 6
99.4
100.0
1988
. 9
99.1
100 . 0
1989
1 . 4
CO
CT)
100 . 0
1990
100.0
100 . 0
1991
100.0
100 . 0
1992
100.0
95.4
4 . 6
1993
100.0
100.0
1994
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
1995
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
1996
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
1997
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
1998
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
1999
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
2000
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
2001
95 . 2
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
2002
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
2003
39 .1
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
2004
17 . 8
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
2005
18 . 6
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
2006
19 . 0
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
2007
28 .1
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
2008
12 . 5
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-22
September 2008
-------
Table G-23 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 6500 lb. Vans
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
1
.000
10 6
8 . 9
9.0
9
0
6500
321
150
18 . 6
103
.468
. 0231
29.2
1976
1
.000
11.5
9 . 4
10.4
9
8
6500
324
144
19 2
102
.447
. 0222
31. 9
1977
1
.000
12.3
10 . 3
10 6
10
4
6500
316
142
19 3
101
.453
. 0219
34 . 0
1978
1
.000
11.7
9 . 7
10.3
9
9
6500
328
155
18 .1
104
.474
. 0239
32 . 3
2000
0
.000
14 .2
10 .1
13.5
11
7
6500
330
193
15 .1
113
. 585
. 0297
37 . 9
Percent of 6500 lb. Vans:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR
1975
1976 .2
1977
1978
2000 100.0 100.0 100.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-23
September 2008
-------
Table G-24 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 2000 lb. SUVs
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1979
1
.000
25.7
20 . 9
23.0
ho
CO
2000
49
41
19 . 7
89
.837
. 0205
21. 8
1980
3
.000
25.2
20 . 3
22 . 9
21 . 4
2000
49
41
19 . 7
89
.837
. 0205
21. 4
1981
1
.000
25.2
20 . 3
22 . 9
21 . 4
2000
49
41
19 . 7
89
.837
. 0205
21. 4
1982
1
.000
25.2
21 . 3
21.3
21 . 3
2000
59
45
18 . 3
92
.763
. 0225
21. 3
1983
1
.000
25.2
21 . 3
21.3
21 . 3
2000
59
45
18 . 3
92
.763
. 0225
21. 3
Percent of 2000 lb. SUVs:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR
1979 100.0 100.0
1980 100.0 100.0
1981 100.0 100.0
1982 100.0 100.0
1983 100.0 100.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-24
September 2008
-------
Table G-25
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 2250 lb. SUVs
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1982
2
.000
24 .8
20 . 9
21.1
21 . 0
2250
59
45
20 .1
90
.763
. 0200
23.6
1983
3
.000
24 .8
20 . 9
21.1
21 . 0
2250
59
45
20 . 0
90
.763
. 0200
23.6
1984
5
.000
28.8
25 . 3
23.1
24 . 2
2250
59
45
20 . 0
90
.763
. 0200
27 . 3
1985
6
.000
28.8
25 . 3
23.1
24 . 2
2250
61
45
20 . 0
90
.738
. 0200
27 . 3
1986
37
.002
33.1
27 . 0
29.1
27 . 9
2250
81
64
15 . 3
99
.790
. 0284
31. 4
1987
63
.004
33.1
26 8
29.0
27 . 8
2250
81
64
15 . 3
99
.790
. 0284
31. 3
1988
83
.005
33.3
27 . 0
28.7
27 . 7
2250
81
64
15 . 3
99
.790
. 0284
31. 2
1989
5
.000
33.4
27 . 0
28.4
27 . 7
2250
80
64
15 . 3
99
.797
. 0284
31.1
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID
1982
100 . 0
100 . 0
1983
100 . 0
100 . 0
1984
100 . 0
100 . 0
1985
100 . 0
100 . 0
1986
100 . 0
100 . 0
1987
100 . 0
100 . 0
1988
100 . 0
100 . 0
1989
100 . 0
100 . 0
Percent of 2250 lb. SUVs:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
YEAR FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING
CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-25
September 2008
-------
Table G-2 6 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 2500 lb. SUVs
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1982
11
.001
23 6
20 . 7
19.1
19 . 9
2500
151
84
13 . 7
106
. 556
. 0336
24 . 9
1983
13
.001
23.2
20 . 4
18.7
19 . 6
2500
151
87
13 . 3
107
. 580
. 0350
24 . 5
1984
3
.000
22 . 6
19 7
18.3
19 .1
2500
150
93
12 . 6
110
. 620
. 0372
23.8
1989
39
.003
31 .3
25 . 3
26.8
26 . 0
2500
97
80
14 .1
104
.825
. 0320
32 . 6
1990
34
.003
31 . 9
25 . 4
27.4
26 . 3
2500
94
78
14 . 3
103
.827
. 0310
32 . 9
1991
15
.001
31 .2
24 . 8
26.7
25 . 7
2500
91
75
14 . 7
102
.829
. 0300
32 . 2
1992
19
.002
30.0
23 . 7
25.5
24 . 6
2500
94
77
14 . 4
103
.827
. 0310
30.8
1993
19
.001
29.4
23 . 0
25.0
24 . 0
2500
96
79
14 . 2
104
.825
. 0317
30.0
1994
30
.002
29.4
23 . 0
24 . 9
23 . 9
2500
95
79
14 . 3
104
.829
. 0315
30.0
1995
20
.001
29.7
22 . 8
25.4
24 . 0
2500
97
81
13 . 9
105
.840
. 0325
30.1
1996
3
.000
29.3
22 . 3
25.1
23 . 6
2500
97
95
12 . 3
111
. 979
. 0380
29.6
1997
4
.000
28.4
21 . 6
23 9
22 . 8
2500
97
95
12 . 4
111
. 979
. 0380
28 . 5
1998
6
.000
28.5
21 . 5
23 9
22 . 7
2500
97
95
12 . 3
111
. 979
. 0380
28 . 4
Percent of 2500 lb. SUVs:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4 WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
1982
1983
1984
1989
100 . 0
56 . 2
43.8
100 . 0
1990
95.5
100 . 0
100 . 0
1991
20 . 6
100 . 0
100 . 0
1992
11 . 5
75 . 8
24 . 2
100 . 0
1993
2 . 4
67 . 2
32 . 8
6.5
93 . 5
1994
11 . 0
60 . 4
39.6
7 . 4
92 . 6
97 . 7
2 . 3
1995
5 . 9
60 . 8
39.2
10.0
o
o
Ci
100.0
1996
6 6.6
33.4
100.0
100.0
1997
27 . 2
72 . 8
100.0
100.0
1998
52 . 5
47 . 5
100.0
100.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-26
September 2008
-------
Table G-27 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 2750 lb. SUVs
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
47
.005
16
8
13 . 5
15.5
14 . 3
2750
275
120
11 . 4
119
.429
. 0435
19.8
1976
41
.003
17
8
14 . 7
15.5
15 .1
2750
268
102
12 . 6
111
. 379
. 0371
20.8
1977
44
.003
18
6
15 . 2
16 6
15 . 8
2750
271
103
12 . 4
112
. 381
. 0377
21. 8
1978
58
.004
18
1
14 . 8
16.2
15 . 4
2750
270
102
12 . 5
111
. 379
. 0373
21. 2
1979
9
.001
20
8
17 . 5
17 .7
17 . 6
2750
121
80
15 . 4
102
. 661
. 0291
24 . 2
1986
0
.000
25
6
20 . 0
24 .2
21 . 7
2750
96
86
14 . 2
104
.896
. 0313
29.8
1989
0
.000
29
3
23 . 9
24 . 9
24 . 3
2750
97
80
15 . 4
102
.825
. 0291
33.5
1990
14
.001
28
7
23 . 2
24 .4
23 . 7
2750
97
80
15 . 4
102
.825
. 0291
32 . 6
1991
28
.002
28
9
23 . 0
24 .8
23 . 8
2750
97
80
15 . 2
102
.825
. 0291
32 . 8
1992
27
.002
29
0
22 . 8
24 .8
23 . 8
2750
97
82
14 . 8
103
.849
. 0300
32 . 7
1993
24
.002
29
0
22 . 7
24 .7
23 . 6
2750
97
81
15 . 0
102
.836
. 0295
32 . 6
1994
41
.003
28
6
22 . 3
24 .3
23 . 3
2750
97
83
14 . 8
103
.857
. 0302
32 . 0
1995
39
.003
28
4
21 . 8
24 .2
23 . 0
2750
97
95
13 . 3
108
. 979
. 0345
31. 6
1996
44
.003
28
5
21 . 6
24 .5
23 . 0
2750
99
97
13 .1
109
. 980
. 0353
31. 7
1997
12
.001
28
6
21 . 6
24 .4
22 . 9
2750
100
98
13 . 0
110
. 980
. 0358
31. 6
1998
9
.001
28
5
21 . 5
23 9
22 . 7
2750
97
95
13 . 3
108
. 979
. 0345
31. 2
1999
2
.000
31
0
22 . 9
26.3
24 . 6
2750
97
97
12 . 9
109
1. 001
. 0354
33.8
2000
1
.000
31
1
22 . 8
26.3
24 . 6
2750
97
97
12 . 9
109
1. 000
. 0353
33.8
2001
0
.000
31
0
22 . 7
26.0
24 . 4
2750
122
97
12 . 9
109
.795
. 0353
33. 6
Percent of 2750 lb. SUVs:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4 WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1986
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
84 .1
92 . 9
92 . 4
97 . 2
8 . 5
13.6
59 .
81 .
99 .
89 .
92 .
100 . 0
56 . 7
63 . 7
60 . 6
49.8
46.1
51 . 5
48 . 4
45 . 8
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100.0
100.0
43.3
36.3
39.4
50.2
53. 9
48 . 5
51. 6
54 . 2
15.9
21. 8
20.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
84 .1
78 . 2
79 . 2
79.2
100.0
95. 9
100.0
100.0
20 . 8
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
4 .1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-27
September 2008
-------
Table G-28 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 3000 lb. SUVs
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB AD J ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1976
10
.001
15.4
12 . 3
14 .2
13 .1
3000
304
120
11 . 8
116
395
.0400
19.7
1977
13
.001
16.8
13 7
15.1
14 . 3
3000
304
120
11 . 8
116
395
. 0400
21 . 5
1978
20
. 001
16.8
13 5
15.3
14 . 2
3000
304
120
11.8
116
395
. 0400
21 . 4
1979
52
. 004
17 . 2
14 .3
14 . 9
14 . 6
3000
258
120
11.7
116
465
. 0400
21 . 9
1980
43
. 004
19 7
16.0
17 . 6
16.7
3000
222
92
14 . 4
105
440
. 0307
25 . 3
1981
38
. 004
20 9
16.8
19 0
17 . 7
3000
223
101
13.5
108
469
. 0338
26 . 9
1982
26
. 003
20 3
16.0
19 2
17 . 3
3000
239
104
13 . 2
110
447
. 0348
26.2
1983
37
. 004
20.5
16 3
19.0
17 . 4
3000
250
110
12 . 6
112
444
.0367
26.2
1984
70
.005
22.7
18 . 3
20 6
19 . 3
3000
202
102
13 5
108
528
.0339
29.1
1985
20
.001
24 .2
19 1
22.8
20 . 6
3000
152
97
14 . 0
107
639
.0324
31 . 0
1986
5
. 000
24 . 0
19 2
21 7
20 . 3
3000
150
111
12.5
112
735
. 0369
30 . 7
1987
12
. 001
22 8
18 . 2
20.6
19.2
3000
150
117
12.0
115
780
. 0390
28 . 9
1988
8
. 001
22 . 8
18.1
20 . 4
19.1
3000
150
117
12 0
115
780
. 0390
28 . 8
1989
20
. 001
22 . 2
17.4
20 . 0
18 . 6
3000
150
117
12 0
115
780
. 0390
27 . 9
1990
29
. 002
23 4
18 4
20 6
19.4
3000
136
111
12 . 5
112
830
. 0370
29.4
1991
11
. 001
27 . 0
21 6
22 . 9
22 . 2
3000
99
87
15 . 3
102
876
. 0289
33.4
1992
29
.002
23.7
18 . 5
20.8
19 . 5
3000
139
123
11 . 7
117
890
.0409
29.6
1993
42
.003
24 .1
18 . 8
21.0
19 . 8
3000
135
120
11 . 9
116
899
.0400
30.0
1994
58
.004
23.8
18 . 4
20.5
19 . 4
3000
135
116
12 . 3
114
865
.0387
29 . 4
1995
110
. 007
23.5
18 .1
20.1
19 .1
3000
138
116
12.4
114
847
. 0389
28 . 9
1996
78
. 006
28 2
20 9
25.2
22 . 9
3000
114
113
12 . 6
113
986
. 0376
34 . 5
1997
153
. 011
27 . 9
20.5
24 . 9
22 . 6
3000
127
124
11 7
117
980
. 0413
34 . 0
1998
53
. 004
28 . 9
21.1
25 . 5
23.2
3000
114
116
12 2
114
1
024
. 0389
34 . 9
1999
55
. 004
29 4
21 5
25 5
23.5
3000
122
125
11 . 5
118
1
024
. 0417
35.3
2000
46
. 003
29 3
21 2
25 4
23 . 3
3000
121
126
11 . 4
118
1
044
. 0421
35.0
2001
74
.005
29.5
21 . 2
25.5
23 . 3
3000
122
138
10 6
123
1
135
.0462
35.1
2002
69
.004
30.3
21 . 3
26 6
24 . 0
3000
121
144
10 3
125
1
191
.0480
36.0
2003
60
.004
29 6
20 . 8
25.8
23 . 3
3000
122
141
10 5
124
1
158
.0471
35 .1
2004
40
. 003
30.7
21 . 4
26.7
24 .1
3000
144
161
9.4
132
1
117
. 0537
36 . 2
2005
41
. 003
30.8
21 . 3
26.6
24 .0
3000
144
161
9.4
132
1
118
. 0537
36 . 0
Percent of 3000 lb. SUVs:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
1976
100.0
54 . 6
1977
100.0
70.2
1978
100.0
70.0
1979
100.0
88 . 6
1980
100.0
100.0
1981
100.0
90. 6
8 . 7
1982
9 6.6
87 . 8
12 . 2
1983
100.0
90.1
9 . 9
1984
98 . 6
76.6
23 . 4
1985
73.2
62 . 9
37 .1
1986
54 . 7
83 . 3
16.7
44 . 8
1987
87 . 3
98 . 4
1 . 6
100 . 0
1988
85.5
98 . 3
1.7
100 . 0
1989
97 . 0
99.6
. 4
100 . 0
1990
97 . 5
99 . 7
.3
26.2
73 . 8
1991
96 . 5
71 . 5
28.5
38 . 3
61 . 7
1992
98 . 3
97 . 8
2.2
100.0
1993
92 . 3
86 . 7
13.3
100.0
1994
88 . 3
79 . 8
20.2
86.1
13 . 9
85.3
14 . 7
1995
95 .1
80 . 7
19.3
80.1
19 . 9
100.0
1996
18 . 2
67 . 7
35 . 5
64 . 5
100.0
5.8
94 . 2
1997
18 . 7
36 . 7
39 . 9
45.8
100.0
100 . 0
1998
52 . 0
35 . 3
26 . 8
73.2
100 . 0
100 . 0
1999
50.1
31 . 2
32 . 5
67 . 5
100 . 0
39 . 8
60 . 2
2000
46.1
24 .1
24 . 5
75.5
100 . 0
53 . 9
46 .1
2001
54 . 6
10 . 5
21.4
78 . 6
100 . 0
45 . 4
54 . 6
2002
90.1
9 . 9
14 .7
85 . 3
100 . 0
25 . 3
74 . 7
2003
89.4
10 . 6
12 . 6
87 . 4
100 . 0
32 . 3
67 . 7
2004
98 . 7
6.7
93 . 3
100 . 0
100 . 0
2005
99 .1
6.2
93 . 8
100 . 0
100 . 0
54 . 6
74 . 7
67 . 7
98 . 7
99.1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-28
September 2008
-------
Table G-29 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 3500 lb. SUVs
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB AD J ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1976
0
.000
14 .3
11 . 4
13.3
12 . 2
3500
350
161
10 6
126
.459
.0459
21. 3
1979
38
.003
15.6
13 0
13.4
13 . 2
3500
304
122
13 1
112
.402
. 0349
23 . 2
1980
12
. 001
16.3
13 1
14 . 8
13 . 8
3500
285
115
14 .1
109
.401
. 0329
24 . 3
1981
2
. 000
17 . 2
13.3
16 8
14 .7
3500
304
130
12.5
115
.428
. 0371
25 . 7
1982
0
. 000
16 6
14 . 6
13 . 4
14 .0
3500
173
110
14 . 5
107
. 636
. 0314
24 . 5
1983
34
. 003
24 . 4
18 6
24 . 4
20.8
3500
169
108
14 . 5
107
. 643
. 0309
36 . 6
1984
218
. 016
21 . 7
17 1
20 6
18 . 5
3500
168
104
15 .1
105
. 619
. 0297
32 .5
1985
319
. 022
22.2
17 . 2
21 . 6
18 . 9
3500
167
104
15 . 0
105
. 630
.0299
33.3
1986
373
.024
21 . 9
17 .1
20 6
18 . 5
3500
171
119
13 . 5
111
.706
.0342
32 . 6
1987
429
.029
22.3
17 . 2
21.5
18 . 9
3500
191
134
12 . 5
116
.710
.0382
33.2
1988
413
.027
21 4
16 2
20.7
18 . 0
3500
210
147
11 . 6
121
. 712
. 0421
31 . 7
1989
296
. 021
21 1
16 0
20.2
17 . 7
3500
236
157
11.0
124
. 673
. 0449
31 . 2
1990
216
. 017
21 . 0
15.7
20 . 3
17 . 6
3500
235
160
10 9
125
. 687
. 0456
30 . 9
1991
221
. 018
20 . 5
15 6
19 2
17.1
3500
219
156
11 3
124
.714
.0446
30 .1
1992
195
. 016
20 0
15.0
18 . 8
16.6
3500
227
174
10.3
131
.764
.0499
29.3
1993
186
. 014
19 9
14 . 8
18 . 7
16.5
3500
228
177
10 . 2
131
.772
. 0505
29.0
1994
180
.013
20.2
14 . 9
19.0
16 . 7
3500
224
177
10 . 0
132
.797
.0507
29.4
1995
153
.010
19.8
14 . 4
18 . 9
16 . 4
3500
233
184
9 . 7
134
.793
.0526
28 . 9
1996
210
.016
20.4
14 . 8
19.4
16 . 8
3500
232
185
9 . 5
134
.807
.0530
29.6
1997
330
.023
22 . 6
16 7
20.3
18 . 4
3500
176
150
11 . 5
122
.881
.0429
32 . 6
1998
364
. 025
24 . 0
17 . 6
21 4
19 . 4
3500
161
148
11 . 6
121
. 951
. 0422
34 . 6
1999
342
. 022
25.3
18 . 5
22 3
20.4
3500
142
147
11.5
121
1 . 058
. 0420
36 . 0
2000
421
. 025
24 . 0
17.4
21 . 2
19.3
3500
157
152
11 3
123
1 .019
. 0436
34 . 2
2001
652
. 042
24 . 7
17 . 6
22 .1
19.8
3500
155
164
10.6
127
1 .080
. 0470
35.0
2002
578
. 036
25 8
18 2
23 1
20.6
3500
155
169
10 . 4
128
1.094
. 0482
36.4
2003
634
. 040
26 2
18 2
23.7
20 . 9
3500
156
168
10 . 4
128
1. 082
. 0481
36.8
2004
497
.032
26.5
18 . 3
23.8
21 . 0
3500
156
171
10 2
129
1 .098
.0488
37 . 0
2005
520
.033
27.0
18 . 7
23.8
21 . 3
3500
153
166
10 . 4
128
1 .093
.0476
37 . 5
2006
463
.031
28.2
19 4
24 .8
22 . 2
3500
147
162
10 6
126
1 .106
.0464
38 . 9
2007
412
.027
29.1
20 0
25.6
22 . 9
3500
144
162
10 7
126
1 .120
.0462
40 .1
2008
591
. 036
29.3
20 3
25.6
23 . 0
3500
148
168
10.3
128
1 .138
. 0480
40 . 3
Percent of 3500 lb. SUVs:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR
1976
15.6
1979
100.0
78 . 6
1980
100.0
44 . 2
1981
100.0
76.8
23 . 2
1982
100 . 0
1983
38 . 3
57 . 3
42 . 7
1984
79.1
33.2
31 . 9
1985
74 . 2
42 . 4
57 . 2
6.0
3 . 5
.4
1986
84 . 8
49.6
49.3
29.5
22 . 3
.1
1987
78 . 3
46 . 0
48.4
57 .0
19 . 7
.0
1988
73 . 8
33 . 9
62 .3
74 .2
13 . 9
1989
63 . 8
26 . 9
69 . 6
6 6.6
19 . 8
1990
73 . 6
27 . 6
69.1
77 . 2
9 . 0
1991
62 . 7
28 . 9
68 .0
71. 7
27 . 5
1992
61 . 0
24 . 4
12. 4
84 . 4
14 .1
1993
58 . 3
25 . 4
70.4
85.9
12.4
1994
58 . 5
26 . 9
59.1
99 . 3
.7
100 . 0
1995
. 2
77 . 8
25 . 8
74 . 2
100 . 0
96 . 6
3 . 4
1996
70 .1
12 . 7
87 . 3
100 . 0
87 . 3
12 . 7
1997
87 . 0
43 . 9
56.1
100 . 0
54 .1
45 . 9
1998
5.3
76 . 0
37 . 5
62 . 5
100 . 0
35 . 7
64 . 3
1999
7 . 4
75 . 3
24 . 9
75 .1
100 . 0
20 . 5
79 . 5
2000
6.2
79 . 2
14 . 5
85 . 5
100 . 0
36 . 0
64 . 0
2001
18 . 7
66 .1
10.4
89 . 6
100 . 0
20 . 7
79 . 3
7 .1
2002
25.1
68 .0
10.7
88.8 .5
100 . 0
8 . 0
92 . 0
31. 5
2003
37 . 4
61 . 6
8.7
84.9 6.4
100 . 0
4 . 5
95 . 5
31. 4
2004
31 . 8
66.4
10 . 6
85.8 3.5
100 . 0
100 . 0
46.4
2005
49 . 5
49.6
13.3
86.3 .3
100 . 0
4 .1
95 . 9
39.3
2006
59 . 9
39 . 9
8.5
91 . 5
100 . 0
100 . 0
50.0
2007
78 . 3
21 . 6
5.7
78.3 16.0
100 . 0
100 . 0
69.3
2008
74 . 3
25 . 6
5.2
59.7 35.1
100 . 0
100 . 0
64 .2
1 .E
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-29
September 2008
-------
Table G-30 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 4000 lb. SUVs
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB AD J ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
26
.003
13.2
10 . 4
12.4
11 . 2
4000
315
132
14 .1
111
.419
.0329
22 . 6
1976
35
.003
13.3
10 4
12 6
11 . 3
4000
324
137
13 6
113
.426
. 0344
23 .1
1977
48
. 003
14 . 5
11 . 5
13.6
12 . 4
4000
321
139
13.5
113
.435
. 0347
25 .1
1978
56
. 004
14 . 2
11.2
13 . 4
12.1
4000
332
139
13.3
113
.423
. 0348
24 . 5
1979
13
. 001
14 . 4
11 . 6
13 . 0
12.2
4000
248
110
16.2
104
.440
. 0275
24 . 8
1980
7
. 001
16 0
13.0
14 . 4
13.6
4000
250
100
17 3
101
.402
. 0251
27.4
1981
7
. 001
16 9
13.4
15 7
14 . 4
4000
260
113
15 . 7
105
.434
. 0282
28.8
1982
8
. 001
19.4
15 . 3
18.2
16 . 5
4000
257
111
15 . 9
104
.431
.0277
33.4
1983
67
.007
21 . 9
16 7
21.8
18 . 7
4000
175
110
16 0
104
. 631
.0275
37 . 4
1984
122
.009
21.8
16 6
22.0
18 . 6
4000
177
110
16 0
104
. 626
.0275
37 . 4
1985
173
. 012
22 0
16 6
22 6
18 . 8
4000
173
110
16.0
104
. 636
. 0275
37 . 7
1986
154
. 010
21 1
16 2
20.6
17 . 9
4000
165
121
14 .8
108
. 738
. 0304
36 . 4
1987
184
. 012
20 . 4
15.5
20 . 0
17.3
4000
172
127
14 . 3
109
.737
. 0317
34 . 7
1988
259
. 017
20 . 8
15 9
19 8
17 . 6
4000
190
135
13.7
112
.723
. 0337
35.3
1989
348
. 024
21 . 2
16.2
20 0
17 . 8
4000
213
146
12 . 8
116
.703
. 0366
35.7
1990
202
. 016
20 5
15.7
19 2
17 . 2
4000
196
141
13 .1
114
.738
. 0353
34 . 5
1991
463
.037
20 9
15 . 7
20.0
17 . 5
4000
231
155
12 . 3
119
. 681
.0388
35.1
1992
371
.030
20.4
15 .1
19.7
17 .1
4000
232
165
11 . 8
122
.713
.0412
34 . 3
1993
576
.044
20.5
15 . 0
19 9
17 .1
4000
250
189
10 5
130
.761
.0472
34 . 4
1994
565
.040
19.7
14 . 5
18 7
16 . 3
4000
241
184
10 7
128
.774
. 0459
32 . 9
1995
575
. 038
19.5
14 . 3
18 5
16 .1
4000
237
183
10.8
128
. 784
. 0457
32 . 4
1996
537
. 041
19.9
14 . 5
18 . 9
16.4
4000
249
187
10.5
129
.765
. 0469
33 .1
1997
617
. 043
20 . 2
14 .7
18 . 9
16 . 6
4000
239
188
10.5
129
.799
. 0470
33 . 4
1998
841
. 058
20 . 7
14 .8
19 5
17 . 0
4000
238
185
10.7
129
.790
.0463
34 .0
1999
964
. 063
21 . 2
15.2
19 6
17 . 3
4000
226
188
10 . 5
130
.850
. 0470
34 .7
2000
944
. 057
21 .1
15.1
19.4
17 .1
4000
226
186
10 . 6
129
.841
.0466
34 . 4
2001
936
.060
21.7
15 . 3
19 9
17 . 5
4000
217
194
10 3
132
. 917
.0486
35.3
2002
884
.055
21 . 9
15 . 5
20.0
17 . 7
4000
204
193
10 . 3
131
. 965
.0483
35.7
2003
875
.055
22 . 9
16 0
20.8
18 . 4
4000
201
198
10 2
133
. 997
.0494
37 . 0
2004
1177
. 075
23.0
15 7
21 3
18 . 5
4000
212
203
10.0
134
. 969
. 0508
37 . 2
2005
1059
.067
23.9
16 4
21 . 8
19.1
4000
197
199
10.1
133
1 . 019
. 0498
38 . 5
2006
986
.065
24 .1
16.5
22 . 0
19.2
4000
196
198
10.1
133
1 .021
. 0495
39 . 0
2007
1234
. 081
25 . 2
17 3
22 . 9
20.1
4000
188
207
9.8
136
1.123
. 0517
40.5
2008
1235
. 075
25 9
17 7
23 4
20.5
4000
181
203
10 . 0
135
1.141
. 0509
41.5
Percent of 4000 lb. SUVs:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR
1975
60 . 2
43 . 9
1976
68 . 4
41 . 6
1977
61 .1
48 .1
1978
71 . 0
45 .1
1979
50 . 4
94 . 0
4 . 7
1980
94 . 9
66 . 3
4 . 4
1981
97 .1
32 . 7
67 . 3
1982
90 . 9
30 . 7
69.3
1983
100 . 0
28 . 9
71.1
1984
95 . 4
21 . 9
73.5
1985
100 . 0
17 . 9
82 .1
1986
100 . 0
31 . 9
68 .1
1987
100 . 0
19 . 9
80.1
1988
100 . 0
32 . 8
67 . 2
1989
99 . 0
30 . 4
66.9
1990
95 . 8
41 . 0
58 . 5
1991
71 . 0
20 . 9
79 . 0
1992
58 .4
20.3
79 . 7
1993
33.5
10.4
89 . 6
1994
1 . 5
60 . 9
15.8
84 . 2
1995
66.7
14 .1
85 . 9
1996
64 .0
6 . 9
93 .1
1997
61 .0
8.5
91 . 5
1998
52 . 9
4 .8
95 . 2
1999
2 . 3
53.4
7.0
93 . 0
2000
3 . 3
39.5
7.5
92 . 5
2001
15 . 9
39.2
5.0
95 . 0
2002
21 . 2
40.5
6.4
93 . 6
2003
20.8
52 . 7
6 .1
87 . 6
6 . 2
2004
29.8
49.4
5 . 4
89.1
5 . 5
2005
37 . 0
58 . 6
2 .1
90.0
7 . 9
2006
38 . 4
56 .1
4 . 3
88 . 7
6 . 9
2007
36.6
55 . 8
2 . 5
91. 8
5 . 7
2008
36.1
53 . 9
3 .1
89.3
7 . 5
23.4 73.4 3.2
5.4 94.6 .0
33.2 66.8
43.8 56.2
65.6 34.4
42.5 57.5
64.7 35.3
99.2 .8
99 . 5
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
4.3 95.7
80 . 2
3.0 16.9
77 . 2
22 . 8
86 . 0
14 . 0
69 . 6
30 . 4
74 . 9
25 .1
67 .1
32 . 9
9.5
69 . 5
30 . 5
9.5
60 . 9
39 .1
20.5
42 . 0
58 . 0
22 . 6
41. 4
58 . 6
36.1
51. 0
49 . 0
29.2
41. 7
58 . 3
26.7
1 . 0
30.7
69 . 3
31 .8
2 .1
29.8
70 . 2
51 .0
1 . 2
22 .1
77 . 9
56.2
2 . 7
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-30
September 2008
-------
Table G-31 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 4500 lb. SUVs
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB AD J ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
41
.004
13.5
10 . 7
12 . 6
11 . 5
4500
351
157
13 4
115
.446
.0348
26.0
1976
47
.004
13.9
11 . 0
13.0
11 . 8
4500
349
150
14 . 0
113
.430
. 0333
26 . 8
1977
101
. 007
15.4
12 . 3
14 . 2
13 .1
4500
345
150
13.8
113
.436
. 0334
29 . 6
1978
119
. 008
14 . 7
11.7
13 . 6
12.5
4500
343
157
13.3
115
.459
. 0350
28 . 2
1979
56
. 004
12 . 9
10.4
11 . 7
10 . 9
4500
334
140
14 . 6
110
.420
. 0311
24 . 8
1980
50
. 004
14 . 5
11 7
13 1
12 . 3
4500
313
138
14 . 8
110
.446
. 0308
28.4
1981
42
. 004
15 8
12 5
14 . 7
13.4
4500
317
137
14 . 8
109
.435
. 0304
30.5
1982
50
. 005
15.7
12 . 4
14 . 6
13 . 3
4500
316
139
14 . 6
110
.443
.0309
30.3
1983
55
.005
15.7
12 . 5
14 . 6
13 . 3
4500
317
135
14 . 9
109
.430
.0301
30.4
1984
61
.004
14 .8
11 . 8
13.7
12 . 6
4500
320
134
15 0
108
.420
.0298
28 . 7
1985
60
.004
15.0
12 . 0
13.9
12 . 8
4500
321
145
14 .1
112
.456
. 0323
29 . 2
1986
46
. 003
15.6
12 . 3
14 . 6
13 . 2
4500
325
142
14 .4
111
.438
. 0315
30 . 3
1987
32
. 002
14 . 6
11.4
13 . 7
12.4
4500
325
144
14 .2
111
.450
. 0320
28 . 2
1988
34
. 002
15 . 0
11.8
13 . 8
12.7
4500
311
147
14 . 0
112
.494
. 0328
28 . 8
1989
31
. 002
14 . 9
11 6
13 8
12 . 5
4500
311
151
13.8
113
. 505
. 0335
28.4
1990
58
. 005
17 . 5
13.4
16 5
14 . 7
4500
221
153
13 . 6
114
.740
. 0341
33 . 6
1991
262
.021
19.8
14 . 7
19.1
16 . 6
4500
227
167
12 . 6
118
.742
.0371
37 . 4
1992
260
.021
19.4
14 . 6
18.4
16 . 2
4500
220
167
12 . 6
118
.764
.0372
36.6
1993
298
.023
19.7
14 . 6
18 . 6
16 . 4
4500
217
167
12 . 6
118
.778
.0372
36.9
1994
546
.039
19.9
14 . 7
19.0
16 . 6
4500
229
177
12 .1
121
. 776
. 0393
37 . 4
1995
645
. 043
19.9
14 . 5
18 9
16 . 5
4500
233
174
12.3
120
. 754
. 0386
37 . 4
1996
736
. 056
20 . 2
14 .5
19 5
16.7
4500
251
176
12.2
121
.708
. 0391
37 . 7
1997
832
. 058
19 8
14 .3
18 . 8
16.3
4500
252
181
11 9
123
.724
. 0402
36 . 9
1998
719
. 050
20 .1
14 . 4
19 1
16.5
4500
251
184
11 8
124
.745
. 0410
37 .3
1999
746
.049
19 7
14 .1
18 . 4
16.1
4500
259
199
11 .1
128
.777
. 0442
36.3
2000
904
. 055
19 9
14 .1
18 . 6
16 . 2
4500
254
196
11 . 2
127
.783
.0437
36.6
2001
1006
.064
20.4
14 . 4
19.0
16 . 6
4500
237
207
10 7
130
.886
.0460
37 . 5
2002
1525
.095
19 9
14 . 0
18 . 6
16 . 2
4500
243
225
10 1
136
. 931
.0501
36.5
2003
939
.060
20.7
14 . 4
19.3
16 . 8
4500
237
227
10 0
137
. 969
. 0506
37 . 9
2004
1197
. 076
21 3
14 . 7
19.8
17 . 2
4500
234
230
9 . 9
138
. 997
. 0512
38 . 8
2005
976
.061
21 6
14 .7
20 . 0
17.3
4500
227
237
9 . 6
140
1 .051
. 0527
39 . 2
2006
924
.061
22 . 7
15 6
20 . 7
18.1
4500
223
234
9.4
139
1 .055
. 0520
41 . 3
2007
1136
. 074
22 . 6
15.6
20 6
18 .1
4500
224
244
9.3
142
1.097
. 0543
41.1
2008
1362
. 083
23 1
15.7
21.3
18 . 5
4500
222
247
9 . 3
143
1.118
. 0548
41. 8
Percent of 4500 lb. SUVs:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN
YEAR FRONT 4 WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
1975
56 . 9
12 . 0
1976
57 . 7
12 . 5
1977
74 . 2
13 7
1978
81 . 5
13 3
1979
84 . 3
11 . 2
1980
92 . 3
25 0
12 . 8
1981
94 . 4
31 .1
41. 3
1982
89 . 6
28 . 2
31. 6
1983
98 . 0
22 . 8
39.5
1984
93 . 0
29 0
1. 9
1985
72 . 2
23 2
1986
80 . 7
14 . 0
32 . 4
1987
70 . 4
16 4
22 . 7
1988
76 . 8
1 . 6
45.1
1989
74 . 0
1 . 9
47 . 3
1990
91 . 6
2 . 2
77 . 7
1991
99 . 3
14 . 6
83.3
1992
99 . 7
15 3
84 . 7
1993
99 . 7
13.1
86 . 9
1994
100.0
8.1
91 . 9
1995
90.4
5.7
94 . 3
1996
74 .7
3.2
96 . 8
1997
79.0
2.5
97 . 5
1998
89.8
1 . 6
98 . 4
1999
91 .2
. 9
99 .1
2000
91 . 6
1.7
98 . 3
2001
16
4
71.8
1 . 6
98 . 4
2002
73.4
.8
99 .1
2003
0
67 . 6
. 4
99.6
2004
2
5
74 . 3
. 6
99.4
2005
9
67 . 3
. 9
99.1
2006
8
1
60 . 4
1 .1
87.0
11 . 9
2007
14
7
66 . 4
2 . 8
90.4
6 . 7
2008
17
8
68 .1
2 . 0
96.4
1 . 7
22 . 5
7 . 0
31 . 5
34 . 2
79 . 9
97 . 9
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100.0
100.0
99.1
99.3
100.0
99.5
1. 3
8 . 6
21.5
26.0
8.4
.7
03
CO
9 . 6
2 . 3
78 . 5
21 . 5
90 . 6
9 . 4
92 . 5
7 . 5
90 . 2
5.5
4 . 4
90 .1
9 . 9
87 . 4
12 . 6
71 . 2
28 . 8
64 .1
35 . 9
47 . 9
52 .1
40.0
60.0
9
28 . 6
71. 4
7
17 . 8
82 . 2
0
15.5
84 . 5
5
21. 5
78 . 5
15.1
25.7
40 . 2
38 . 7
63 . 7
74 .1
8 . 6
61 . 3
3 . 5
56 . 2
1 . 7
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-31
September 2008
-------
Table G-32
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 5000 lb. SUVs
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB AD J ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
67
.007
11.1
9 . 4
9.4
9 . 4
5000
347
157
14 . 4
112
.453
.0315
23.6
1976
101
.008
12 8
10 5
11 5
10 . 9
5000
357
151
15 0
110
.421
. 0301
27 . 3
1977
6 6
. 005
13.6
11 . 2
12 0
11 . 5
5000
350
160
14 .4
113
.457
. 0320
29 . 0
1978
114
. 008
13 . 0
10.5
11 . 7
11.0
5000
370
168
13.7
115
.454
. 0336
27 . 6
1979
172
. 012
11 . 4
9.5
9 . 9
9 . 6
5000
351
152
15.2
110
.433
. 0303
24 . 2
1980
60
. 005
14 . 0
11 2
12 . 9
11. 9
5000
343
159
14 . 3
112
.463
. 0317
30.0
1981
43
. 004
15 3
12 2
14 .1
13.0
5000
328
154
14 . 7
111
.473
. 0309
32 . 9
1982
37
. 004
15.1
12 . 0
14 .1
12 . 9
5000
330
156
14 . 6
112
.476
.0311
32 . 8
1983
54
.005
15.7
12 . 3
15.0
13 . 4
5000
328
157
14 . 5
112
.482
.0315
34 .1
1984
121
.009
15.3
12 . 0
14 . 6
13 . 0
5000
330
163
14 .1
114
.497
.0327
33.2
1985
133
.009
15.7
12 . 3
15.0
13 . 4
5000
330
168
13 7
115
. 510
. 0337
33 . 9
1986
135
. 009
16.4
12 . 7
15.8
14 . 0
5000
324
163
14 .1
114
. 503
. 0326
35 .1
1987
97
. 007
15.7
12.2
14 . 9
13.3
5000
326
175
13.5
117
.535
. 0350
33 . 7
1988
101
. 007
16 1
12.4
15 . 3
13 . 6
5000
330
181
13.2
119
.545
. 0362
34 . 2
1989
112
. 008
15 . 9
12 2
15 2
13.4
5000
328
178
13.3
118
. 540
. 0357
33 . 9
1990
83
. 007
16 0
11 9
15 7
13.5
5000
331
184
12 . 9
120
. 553
. 0369
33 . 9
1991
51
. 004
15.8
11 . 8
15.3
13 . 3
5000
312
188
12 . 7
121
. 604
.0375
33.3
1992
36
.003
15.7
11 . 6
15.2
13 .1
5000
292
174
13 5
117
. 622
.0348
33.0
1993
46
.003
16.1
11 . 9
15.5
13 . 5
5000
313
200
11 . 9
124
. 646
.0400
33.8
1994
51
.004
16.5
12 . 2
15.7
13 . 7
5000
310
202
11 . 8
125
. 659
. 0404
34 . 4
1995
70
. 005
17 0
12 . 4
16.3
14 .1
5000
322
199
12.0
124
. 625
. 0398
35 . 4
1996
82
. 006
17 0
12 . 4
16 1
14 .1
5000
318
216
11.3
129
. 685
. 0431
35 . 3
1997
119
. 008
18 . 0
13.0
17 .1
14 .8
5000
308
226
10.8
132
.738
. 0453
37 . 3
1998
265
. 018
17 . 3
12.4
16 7
14 . 3
5000
317
223
10.9
131
.705
.0446
35 . 9
1999
356
. 023
17 . 4
12 4
16 6
14 . 3
5000
307
234
10 . 6
134
.779
.0468
36.0
2000
254
. 015
17 . 6
12 4
16.8
14 . 5
5000
295
229
10 . 7
132
.784
.0459
36.4
2001
160
.010
17.1
12 . 0
16.4
14 . 0
5000
282
233
10 6
134
.847
.0467
35.2
2002
404
.025
18 . 9
13 . 2
17.8
15 . 4
5000
255
244
10 2
137
. 976
.0489
38 . 6
2003
638
.040
19.3
13 . 4
18 2
15 . 7
5000
259
256
9 . 8
140
1 . 002
.0513
39 . 3
2004
683
. 044
19.6
13 4
18 5
15 . 9
5000
263
264
9 . 6
142
1 . 025
. 0529
39 . 8
2005
634
. 040
19.5
13 3
18 . 4
15.8
5000
259
261
9.7
141
1 . 028
. 0522
39 . 6
2006
826
. 055
20 . 0
13.7
18 . 8
16.2
5000
251
255
9.9
140
1 .026
. 0510
40 . 5
2007
628
. 041
20 . 3
13.8
19 1
16.4
5000
253
258
9.8
141
1 .032
. 0516
41.2
2008
925
. 056
21 . 3
14 . 5
20 1
17 . 2
5000
245
259
9 . 7
141
1. 071
. 0517
43 . 6
Percent of 5000 lb.
SUVs:
MODEL
DRIVETRAIN
TRANSMISSION
FUEL
METERING
NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR
FRONT
4WD
MANUAL
LOCK
CVT
GDI
PORT
TBI
DSL
TWO
THREE FOUR FIVE
WT
1975
98 . 7
19 . 5
1976
97 . 9
18 . 9
1977
96 4
21 . 0
1978
97 . 3
19 . 7
1979
68 .1
14 . 7
9
1980
78 . 4
18 . 9
55
3
1981
75 3
7 . 8
62
7
1982
79 2
8 . 9
51
5
1983
72 . 6
5 . 7
6 6
6
1984
76 2
6 . 5
55
5
1985
73 0
4 . 6
64
6
6.7
1986
72 . 8
4 . 9
76
8
21 1
1987
97 . 3
7 .1
62
0
32 . 4
43 . 2
1988
99 1
6 . 3
59
4
54 . 9
42 . 9
1989
99 4
6 . 6
63
0
59.4
40 . 6
1990
100 . 0
4 . 8
86
4
63.3
36 . 7
1991
100 . 0
3 .1
91
6
70.6
29 . 4
1992
9 9.9
4 . 7
94
1
97 . 4
2 . 6
1993
100 . 0
4 . 4
95
6
98 . 6
1 . 4
1994
100 . 0
3 . 4
96
6
98 . 5
1 . 5
68 . 5
31 . 5
1995
75 9
2 . 3
97
7
75.2
24 . 8
87 . 3
12 . 7
1996
72 . 0
2 . 6
97
4
100.0
77 . 5
22 . 5
1997
26 2
100
0
100.0
79 . 4
20 . 6
1998
58 . 8
100
0
100.0
100 . 0
1999
54 . 4
100
0
100.0
85 . 4
14 . 6
2000
68 . 0
100
0
100.0
97 . 8
2 . 2
2.2
2001
97 .1
. 3
99
7
100.0
79 . 7
20 . 3
20.3
2002
88 . 4
4 . 5
95
5
100.0
37 . 5
o
CO
Ln
-J
45.2
2003
86 9
. 1
99
9
100.0
28 . 5
4.1 67 . 4
56.1
2004
79 3
. 2
99
8
100.0
26 . 5
73 . 5
58 .7
2005
82 . 8
. 1
99
9
100.0
29.3
3.1 67.6
62 .4
2006
. 9
83 7
. 4
99
6
100.0
34 . 9
11.3 53.8
63.5
2007
6.4
81 . 6
. 3
99
7
99.5
5
47 . 0
3.9 49.1
53.8
2008
15.3
71 . 4
. 4
96
8
2 . 8
98 . 9
1 1
33.1
3.1 63.8
64 .8
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-32
September 2008
-------
Table G-33 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 5500 lb. SUVs
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB AD J ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
6
.001
10.5
8 . 5
9 . 6
8 . 9
5500
429
210
12 . 5
123
.488
.0381
24 . 7
1976
7
.001
11 2
9 .1
10.2
9 . 6
5500
412
197
13 3
120
.475
. 0359
26 . 4
1977
10
. 001
11 7
9 . 4
10.7
10 . 0
5500
419
193
13.4
119
.459
. 0351
27 . 6
1978
12
. 001
11 8
9 . 6
10.6
10.1
5500
410
188
13.5
117
.461
. 0343
27 . 7
1979
59
. 004
10 . 6
8 . 9
9 .1
9.0
5500
405
176
14 . 5
114
.432
. 0320
24 . 9
1980
6
. 000
13 . 8
11.0
12 . 9
11. 7
5500
350
165
15.0
111
.471
. 0300
32 .3
1981
3
. 000
14 .1
11 4
12 . 9
12 . 0
5500
350
175
14 . 3
114
. 500
. 0318
33.0
1982
23
. 002
21 . 2
16.5
20 4
18 . 0
5500
350
134
17 . 8
103
. 382
. 0243
50.5
1983
20
.002
20.2
15 . 6
19.8
17 . 3
5500
372
139
17 . 4
104
. 375
.0252
48 . 9
1984
21
.001
17 . 9
13 . 9
17.4
15 . 3
5500
364
148
16 6
107
.408
.0269
43.6
1985
18
.001
16.1
12 . 3
16.0
13 . 7
5500
355
159
15 5
110
.450
. 0289
38 . 3
1986
18
. 001
15.7
11 . 9
15.6
13 . 4
5500
353
162
15.3
110
.459
. 0294
37 .1
1987
52
. 004
16.8
12.8
16 4
14 .3
5500
350
209
12.5
123
.596
. 0379
39 . 3
1988
65
. 004
16 5
12.5
16 1
14 .0
5500
350
200
12 9
121
.572
. 0364
38 . 6
1989
41
. 003
17 . 5
12 9
17 . 8
14 . 8
5500
350
209
12 4
123
.596
. 0380
40 . 9
1990
41
. 003
17 . 3
12 7
17 . 6
14 . 7
5500
350
209
12 . 4
123
.597
. 0380
40.3
1991
25
. 002
17.2
12 . 6
17.2
14 . 5
5500
350
209
12 . 4
123
.597
.0380
39.9
1992
45
.004
16.3
12 .1
15.8
13 . 7
5500
350
210
12 . 4
123
. 600
.0382
37 . 6
1993
71
.005
16.8
12 . 4
16.3
14 .1
5500
350
210
12 . 4
123
. 600
.0382
38 . 7
1994
92
.007
16.8
12 . 4
16.1
14 . 0
5500
351
209
12 . 4
123
. 598
. 0381
38 . 5
1995
142
. 009
16.9
12 . 4
16.0
14 . 0
5500
350
205
12 . 6
122
. 586
. 0373
38 . 5
1996
141
. 011
17 . 4
12.7
16 6
14 .4
5500
350
250
10.7
134
.714
. 0455
39 . 7
1997
307
. 021
17 . 4
12.5
16 7
14 .4
5500
334
238
11 2
131
.713
. 0432
39 . 6
1998
273
. 019
17 . 0
12 1
16 3
14 . 0
5500
327
234
11 3
130
.720
. 0426
38 . 6
1999
199
. 013
17 . 5
12 3
17 . 0
14 . 4
5500
333
252
10 . 7
134
.759
. 0459
39.7
2000
302
.018
18.2
13 . 0
17.1
14 . 9
5500
306
253
10 . 7
135
.841
.0460
41.1
2001
402
.026
18.5
13 . 3
16.7
15 . 0
5500
306
259
10 5
136
.857
.0472
41. 3
2002
278
.017
18.4
12 . 9
17.3
15 . 0
5500
310
267
10 2
138
.862
.0486
41. 2
2003
317
.020
18.3
12 . 8
16.9
14 . 8
5500
297
258
10 5
136
.867
.0469
40 . 8
2004
483
. 031
18 4
12 . 8
17 0
14 . 9
5500
302
280
10.0
142
. 933
. 0509
41 . 0
2005
365
. 023
18 6
12 . 8
17 . 2
15.0
5500
296
287
9.7
144
. 978
. 0522
41 . 3
2006
231
. 015
18 . 7
12 . 9
17 . 4
15.1
5500
303
289
9.7
144
. 959
. 0526
41 . 6
2007
157
. 010
19 2
13.2
17 . 6
15.4
5500
291
318
8 . 9
152
1.106
. 0579
42.5
2008
157
. 010
19 5
13.3
18 . 5
15.8
5500
299
334
8 . 6
156
1.138
. 0607
43 . 6
Percent of 5500 lb. SUVs:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN
YEAR FRONT 4 WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
1975
84 .
. 6
15 .
. 4
1976
72 .
. 3
9 .
. 9
1977
77 .
. 0
8 .
. 8
1978
13.
. 0
8 .
. 2
1979
26 .
. 5
21 .
. 0
1980
84 .
. 1
100.
. 0
1981
100 .
. 0
6 ,
. 8
93.
. 2
1982
6 6 ,
. 8
10 .
. 8
89.
. 2
1983
68 .
. 3
1 .
. 3
98 .
. 7
1984
74 .
. 8
2 .
. 3
97 .
. 7
1985
100 .
. 0
2 .
. 8
97 .
. 2
1986
100 .
. 0
1 .
. 9
98 .
. 1
1987
37 .
. 9
. 2
99.
. 8
1988
40 .
. 7
. 2
99.
. 8
1989
2 .
. 2
100.
. 0
1990
1 .
. 0
100.
. 0
1991
1 .
. 3
100.
. 0
1992
46 .
. 2
100.
. 0
1993
35 .
. 6
100.
. 0
1994
39 .
. 3
100 .
.0
1995
66 ,
. 5
100 .
.0
1996
74 .
. 9
100 .
.0
1997
85 .
. 1
100 .
.0
1998
85 .
. 1
100 .
.0
1999
14 .
. 8
100 .
.0
2000
40 .
. 6
100 .
.0
2001
45 .
. 7
100 .
.0
2002
19 .
. 9
100.
. 0
2003
20 .
. 0
100.
. 0
2004
47 .
. 7
100.
. 0
2005
56 .
. 9
100.
. 0
2006
62 .
. 1
100 .
.0
2007
85 .
. 5
100 .
.0
2008
78 .
. 9
1 .
. 0
99 .
.0
27 . 6
1. 5
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
12. 4
98
4
98
8
98
6
98
9
98
6
100
0
100
0
98
5
100
0
89.
75.
49.
16.
9.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
100.
100.
100.
100.
96.
95.
84 .
76.
71.
75.
52 .
53.
56.
24 .
45.
11 . 8
10 . 0
2 . 7
3 . 8
9 . 2
1 . 9
3
4
4
3
4
0
13
7
28
8
22
0
39
8
3 . 7
30.3
44
3
2 . 0
39 . 0
41
9
1 . 6
43 . 5
6 6
0
45 . 0
52
6
52 .1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-33
September 2008
-------
Table G-34 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 6000 lb. SUVs
MODEL
SALES
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
TOP
HP/
HP/
TON
YEAR
(000)
FRAC
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
SPD
CID
WT
-MPG
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1975
0
.000
10.3
8 . 3
9.3
8 . 7
6000
400
170
15 . 7
110
.425
.0283
26.2
1976
1
.000
11 9
9 . 5
11. 0
10 .1
6000
400
170
15 . 6
110
.426
. 0284
30 . 4
1977
1
. 000
11 9
9 . 5
11. 0
10 .1
6000
400
180
15.0
113
.450
. 0300
30 . 4
1978
1
. 000
11 4
9 . 2
10.2
9.7
6000
400
180
15.0
112
.449
. 0300
29 . 0
1980
3
. 000
13 . 4
10.3
13 . 2
11.4
6000
350
165
16.1
109
.470
. 0274
34 . 2
1982
4
. 000
21 . 2
16.5
20 . 5
18 .1
6000
350
130
19.5
100
.371
. 0217
54 .2
1983
4
. 000
20 . 8
16.0
20 . 4
17 . 7
6000
379
130
19 . 5
100
. 343
. 0217
53.2
1984
4
. 000
21 . 0
16.1
20 . 8
17 . 9
6000
379
130
19 . 5
100
. 343
. 0217
53.8
1985
7
.000
21.4
16 2
21.7
18 . 3
6000
378
131
19 . 4
100
. 348
.0219
55.3
1986
5
.000
22.1
16 7
22.1
18 . 8
6000
379
130
19 . 5
100
. 343
.0217
56.5
1987
3
.000
20.9
15 9
20.5
17 . 8
6000
376
137
18 . 9
102
. 366
. 0229
54 .1
1988
3
. 000
18 3
13 9
17 . 8
15 . 5
6000
368
162
16 . 9
108
.445
. 0270
47 . 9
1989
32
. 002
15 . 8
11 . 9
15 . 4
13.3
6000
351
206
13 . 6
119
.586
. 0343
40 . 2
1990
32
. 003
16 0
12.0
15 . 6
13.5
6000
351
206
13.5
119
.588
. 0344
40 . 6
1991
18
. 001
15 . 7
11 7
15 . 2
13.2
6000
351
207
13.5
119
.591
. 0345
39.7
1992
21
. 002
14 . 9
10.9
14 . 7
12 . 5
6000
350
210
13 . 3
120
. 600
. 0350
37 .5
1993
49
. 004
15.8
11 . 6
15.3
13 . 2
6000
350
210
13 . 3
120
. 600
.0350
39.6
1994
60
.004
16.1
12 . 0
15.0
13 . 3
6000
350
210
13 . 3
120
. 600
.0350
40.0
1995
61
.004
15.7
11 . 6
14 . 9
13 .1
6000
350
210
13 . 3
120
.599
.0350
39.2
1996
58
.004
16.8
12 .1
16.3
13 . 9
6000
350
250
11 . 5
130
. 713
. 0416
41 . 8
1997
74
. 005
16.7
12 . 0
15.9
13 . 8
6000
350
250
11.5
130
. 713
. 0416
41 . 4
1998
50
. 003
16 1
11.5
15 . 7
13.4
6000
323
230
12.3
125
.715
. 0383
40 .1
1999
166
. Oil
16 5
11.7
16 .1
13 . 6
6000
319
237
12 .1
127
.747
. 0395
41 . 0
2000
269
. 016
16 . 6
11 9
15 . 5
13.6
6000
325
257
11. 3
132
.795
. 0429
40.8
2001
219
. 014
16 . 8
12 0
15 . 4
13.6
6000
326
274
10 . 7
136
.842
. 0457
41.0
2002
453
.028
17 .7
12 . 4
16 . 6
14 . 4
6000
332
294
10 . 2
141
.885
.0491
43.5
2003
654
.041
17.4
12 .1
16.4
14 . 2
6000
328
279
10 . 6
137
.851
.0465
42 . 7
2004
634
.040
17.4
12 .1
16.2
14 .1
6000
330
287
10 . 4
139
.869
.0479
42 . 4
2005
490
.031
18.2
12 . 5
16.9
14 . 7
6000
330
302
9 . 9
143
. 917
. 0504
44 . 2
2006
327
. 022
18 1
12 . 4
16.9
14 . 6
6000
318
306
9.8
144
. 973
. 0510
43 . 9
2007
707
.046
19.7
13.3
19 . 0
16.0
6000
329
321
9.5
148
. 978
. 0536
48 . 2
2008
548
. 033
19 6
13.3
18 . 8
15 . 9
6000
325
334
9.2
151
1 .028
. 0556
48 .1
Percent of 6000 lb. SUVs:
WT HYBRID
2 .1
7 . 3
34 . 9
63 . 0
31 . 5
MODEL
DRIVETRAIN
TRANSMISSION
FUEL
METERING
NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR
FRONT 4WD
MANUAL
LOCK
CVT
GDI
PORT TBI
DSL
TWO
THREE FOUR
1975
100 . 0
12 . 7
1976
100 . 0
12 . 8
1977
100 . 0
11 . 6
1978
100 . 0
15 . 5
1980
3 . 4
100.0
1982
100 . 0
100.0
100.0
1983
100 . 0
100.0
100.0
1984
100 . 0
100.0
100.0
1985
47 3
100.0
95 . 9
1986
49.0
100.0
100.0
1987
56.8
9 .1
90 . 9
9 .1
90. 9
1988
70 . 0
7 . 3
92 . 7
37 . 7
62 . 3
1989
97 . 2
1 . 0
99.0
94 . 6
5.4
1990
97 . 5
. 7
99.3
95 . 2
4 . 8
1991
96 . 2
100.0
96 .1
3.9
1992
100 . 0
100.0
100 . 0
1993
100 . 0
100.0
100 . 0
1994
100 . 0
100.0
100 . 0
100.0
1995
100 . 0
100.0
1
0 99.0
100.0
1996
100 . 0
100.0
99
5
.5
100.0
1997
100.0
100 . 0
99
6
.4
100.0
1998
100.0
100 . 0
99
7
.3
87.0
13.0
1999
100.0
100 . 0
100
0
70 . 2
29.8
2000
100.0
100 . 0
100
0
86 . 4
13 . 6
2001
93.4
100 . 0
100
0
77 . 0
23 . 0
2002
84 . 5
100 . 0
100
0
92 . 7
7 . 3
2003
75.1
100 . 0
100
0
92 . 2
7 . 7
2004
78 2
100 . 0
99
9
. 1
86 . 6
13 .1
2005
76.6
100 . 0
100
0
63 . 4
24.1 12.5
2006
77 2
100 . 0
99
8
. 2
36 . 9
32.1 31.0
2007
54 . 8
100 . 0
99
8
. 2
82 . 0
8.8 9.2
2008
57 .1
98 . 4
1. 6
99
5
. 5
66 .1
5.6 28.4
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015 G-34 September 2008
-------
Table G-35
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 6500 lb. SUVs
MODEL SALES
< FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB AD J
55/45 CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
1991 1
2008 46
.000 20.2 14.7 20.4 17.0
14 . 8
.003 18.2 12.3 17.4
Percent of 6500 lb. SUVs:
6500 379 140
6500 343 400
19.6 101
8.5 162
.369
1.168
.0215 55.2
.0616 48.1
MODEL DRIVETRAIN
YEAR FRONT 4 WD
1991
2008
100 . 0
100 . 0
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
100.0
100.0
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
100.0
DSL
100.0
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
100 . 0
100.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-35
September 2008
-------
Table G-36
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 2000 lb. Pickup
MODEL SALES
< FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB AD J
55/45 CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
1980 0
1981 0
.000 25.2 20.3 22.9
.000 25.2 20.3 22.9
21 . 4
21 . 4
2000
2000
49
49
41
41
19 . 7
19 . 7
89
89
.837
.837
.0205 21.4
.0205 21.4
Percent of 2000 lb. Pickup:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN
YEAR FRONT 4 WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
1980
1981
100.0 100.0
100.0 100.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-36
September 2008
-------
Table G-37 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 2250 lb. Pickup
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1979
0
.000
25.0
20 .1
22 . 9
21 . 2
2250
49
41
21 . 6
88
.837
. 0182
23.9
1980
25
.002
32 .0
25 . 3
30.0
27 . 2
2250
94
64
15 . 9
99
. 677
. 0284
32 . 4
1981
24
.002
41.5
33 . 2
38 .1
35 . 2
2250
97
52
17 . 9
93
. 536
. 0231
39.7
1982
11
.001
43.1
35 . 7
37 . 6
36 . 5
2250
96
52
18 . 0
93
. 539
. 0231
41. 2
1983
1
.000
39.2
32 . 6
34 .0
33 . 2
2250
91
51
18 . 3
93
. 571
. 0226
39.1
1984
0
.000
28.8
25 . 3
23.1
24 . 2
2250
59
45
20 .1
90
.763
. 0200
27 . 3
Percent of 2250 lb. Pickup:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
YEAR FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
100 . 0
100.0
100.0
98 . 8
84 . 5
1 .
15 .
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
54 . 6
45.4
100.0
98 . 8
84 . 5
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-37
September 2008
-------
Table G-38
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 2500 lb. Pickup
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1978
23
.002
27.2
21 . 2
26.3
23 . 2
2500
97
67
16 0
98
. 691
. 0268
29.1
1979
39
.003
27.5
21 . 7
26.1
23 . 5
2500
97
67
16 0
98
. 691
. 0268
29.4
1980
16
.001
25.8
19 9
25.2
22 . 0
2500
97
68
15 . 8
99
.701
. 0272
27 . 5
1981
27
.003
28.4
22 . 4
26.7
24 . 2
2500
108
73
14 . 9
101
. 683
. 0294
30.2
1982
25
.003
29.7
23 .1
28.8
25 . 3
2500
123
80
14 . 0
104
. 655
. 0321
31. 7
1983
21
.002
32 . 6
24 . 6
33.1
27 . 8
2500
128
86
13 . 3
107
. 670
. 0343
34 . 9
1984
15
.001
28.1
22 . 2
26.3
23 . 9
2500
102
70
16 4
99
.700
. 0279
30.1
1985
4
.000
29 6
23 . 5
27.4
25 . 2
2500
109
73
15 . 0
101
. 670
. 0292
31. 5
1986
5
.000
30.0
23 . 6
27 . 9
25 . 4
2500
109
73
15 . 0
101
. 670
. 0292
31. 7
1987
1
.000
29.8
23 . 4
27.5
25 .1
2500
109
73
15 . 0
101
. 670
. 0292
31. 4
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID
1978
100 . 0
100 . 0
1979
100 . 0
100 . 0
1980
9.5
90 . 5
90 . 5
9 . 5
1981
34 . 2
65 . 8
100 . 0
34 . 2
1982
71. 2
28 . 8
83 . 6
13 . 5
1983
78 . 8
21 . 2
95 . 7
4 . 3
4 . 2
1984
36.0
64 . 0
96 . 0
4 . 0
1985
100 . 0
95 . 6
4 . 4
1986
100 . 0
100 . 0
1987
100 . 0
100 . 0
Percent of 2500 lb. Pickup:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
YEAR FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-38
September 2008
-------
Table G-39 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 2750 lb. Pickup
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
156
.015
22.7
17 . 4
22.4
19 . 4
2750
119
95
13 . 3
108
.799
. 0347
26.7
1976
162
.013
24 .1
18 . 6
23.8
20 . 6
2750
120
97
13 .1
109
.815
. 0355
28 . 4
1977
226
.016
25.7
20 . 0
24 .7
21 . 9
2750
121
97
13 . 2
109
.801
. 0352
30.2
1978
183
.013
25.8
20 . 7
23.7
22 . 0
2750
121
97
13 .1
109
.801
. 0353
30.3
1979
240
.017
22.7
17 . 8
21 . 6
19 . 3
2750
126
91
13 . 7
106
.722
. 0330
27 . 0
1980
324
.029
25.2
20 . 0
23.4
21 . 4
2750
126
91
13 . 6
107
.728
. 0333
29.7
1981
222
.021
27 . 9
22 . 2
26.0
23 . 8
2750
130
90
13 . 8
106
. 695
. 0329
32 . 9
1982
227
.023
28.3
22 . 4
26.3
24 . 0
2750
130
91
13 . 7
106
. 699
. 0331
33.3
1983
340
.033
28.8
22 . 9
26.7
24 . 5
2750
132
87
14 . 2
105
. 658
. 0315
33. 9
1984
314
.022
28.2
22 . 5
26.1
24 . 0
2750
130
87
14 . 2
105
. 670
. 0317
33.3
1985
238
.016
29 9
23 . 7
27.8
25 . 4
2750
130
90
13 . 8
106
. 692
. 0328
35.1
1986
311
.020
29.5
23 . 3
27.4
25 . 0
2750
132
92
13 . 6
107
. 694
. 0334
34 . 6
1987
240
.016
29.7
23 . 2
27 .7
25 .1
2750
134
93
13 . 5
107
. 694
. 0338
34 . 6
1988
120
.008
27.8
21 . 7
25.5
23 . 3
2750
136
98
12 . 9
109
.721
. 0356
32 . 2
1989
76
.005
27 . 6
21 . 6
25.1
23 .1
2750
135
97
12 . 9
109
.721
. 0354
31. 9
1990
31
.002
26.0
20 . 4
23.0
21 . 6
2750
144
102
12 . 4
111
.708
. 0371
29.7
1992
19
.002
28.2
21 . 3
25.7
23 . 3
2750
144
112
11 . 6
115
.778
. 0407
32 . 0
Percent of 2750 lb. Pickup:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
YEAR FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
1975
CO
CO
7
1976
80
2
1977
79
9
1978
86
1
1979
85
8
1980
86
9
1981
90
3
1
4
1982
1.4
87
1
4 . 9
1
7
1983
4 .0
. 1
89
4
. 2
. 1
9
1984
2.2
. 1
88
1
. 3
1. 2
7
1985
92
5
1. 5
4
1986
89
0
4
1987
90
6
1988
99
4
. 6
1989
100
0
1990
100
0
1992
100
0
100.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-39
September 2008
-------
Table G-4 0 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 3000 lb. Pickup
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
60
.006
20.7
16 4
19.4
17 . 6
3000
107
70
18 . 2
96
. 667
. 0234
26.6
1976
63
.005
22.3
17 . 5
21.2
19 . 0
3000
108
70
18 . 3
96
. 667
. 0234
29.0
1977
78
.006
28 . 6
22 . 4
27.2
24 . 3
3000
122
75
17 . 2
98
. 629
.0249
37 . 0
1978
124
.009
27.5
21 . 9
25.5
23 . 4
3000
123
77
16 7
99
. 631
. 0258
35.5
1979
174
.013
23 9
18 . 9
22.4
20 . 3
3000
124
80
16 2
100
. 649
. 0266
31. 2
1980
169
.015
23 6
18 . 8
21 . 9
20 .1
3000
127
84
15 . 5
101
.666
. 0281
30.7
1981
211
.020
27.1
21 . 6
25.2
23 .1
3000
136
83
16 0
101
. 613
. 0278
35. 6
1982
353
.036
26.4
20 . 8
25.0
22 . 5
3000
156
96
14 . 4
106
. 616
. 0322
34 . 4
1983
377
.037
26.4
20 . 7
25.0
22 . 5
3000
149
93
14 . 7
105
. 626
. 0310
34 . 3
1984
475
.034
26 6
20 . 8
25.4
22 . 6
3000
147
93
14 . 6
105
. 636
. 0310
34 . 5
1985
582
.040
26.3
20 . 6
25.0
22 . 4
3000
153
100
13 . 6
108
. 656
. 0334
33. 9
1986
784
.051
26.8
20 . 9
25.3
22 . 7
3000
144
100
13 . 8
108
. 689
. 0333
34 . 3
1987
728
.049
27.0
20 . 8
25.7
22 . 8
3000
146
100
13 . 8
108
. 684
. 0334
34 . 4
1988
715
.047
27.4
21 .1
25 9
23 .1
3000
146
98
14 . 0
107
. 672
. 0328
34 . 9
1989
575
.040
27 . 6
21 . 2
25.8
23 . 2
3000
146
102
13 . 5
109
. 699
. 0340
34 . 9
1990
413
.033
28.2
21 . 6
25 9
23 . 5
3000
143
109
12 . 8
112
.765
. 0365
35.4
1991
577
.046
27.5
20 . 8
25 6
22 . 9
3000
149
109
12 . 8
112
.735
. 0364
34 . 5
1992
318
.026
27.1
20 . 4
25.2
22 . 5
3000
148
112
12 . 5
113
.760
. 0375
33. 9
1993
364
.028
27.4
20 . 4
25.5
22 . 6
3000
150
115
12 . 2
114
.771
. 0385
34 .1
1994
275
.019
28.0
20 . 9
25.5
23 . 0
3000
143
117
12 . 0
115
.818
. 0390
34 . 6
1995
171
.011
27.3
20 . 4
24 . 6
22 . 3
3000
145
128
11 . 2
119
.883
. 0429
33.5
1996
103
.008
27.2
20 .1
24 .5
22 .1
3000
148
139
10 . 5
123
. 938
.0462
33.2
1997
66
.005
26 6
19 6
23 9
21 . 6
3000
146
134
10 . 8
121
. 917
.0446
32 . 5
1998
80
.006
27.3
20 . 0
24 .2
22 . 0
3000
149
142
10 . 3
125
. 954
. 0473
33.0
1999
50
.003
27.2
19 8
24 .0
21 . 8
3000
149
142
10 . 3
125
. 953
. 0473
32 . 8
2000
40
.002
26.7
19 5
23.2
21 . 3
3000
149
142
10 . 3
125
. 953
. 0473
32 . 0
2001
23
.001
27.1
19 7
23.2
21 . 5
3000
149
142
10 . 3
125
. 953
. 0473
32 . 3
2002
20
.001
27 .7
19 6
24 .3
22 . 0
3000
149
142
10 . 3
125
. 953
. 0473
32 . 9
2003
21
.001
27 .7
19 6
24 .1
21 . 9
3000
149
142
10 . 3
125
. 953
. 0473
32 . 8
2004
23
.001
27 . 6
19 4
23 9
21 . 7
3000
149
142
10 . 3
125
. 953
. 0473
32 . 6
Percent of 3000 lb. Pickup:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
YEAR FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
1975
69 3
1976
84 . 5
1977
88 . 8
1978
88 .1
1979
31
7
88 .1
1980
56
9
93 . 2
1981
44
0
93 . 7
. 1
25
5
1982
21
0
74 .1
22 . 7
17
0
1983
16
4
73 6
9.6
8
8
1984
9
4
74 . 8
11. 5
3.4
4
7
1985
9
9
68 . 8
26.0
16.8
14 . 0
1
8
1986
4
1
78 . 9
16.7
19.3
33 . 6
9
1987
4
6
77 . 4
15.9
20 . 3
39 9
4
1988
1
0
77 . 9
15.9
28 . 3
37 .0
1989
82 . 7
11. 6
31 . 0
45.2
1990
86 3
10.7
70 . 8
10.1
1991
88 .1
9.0
51 . 5
37 . 9
1992
85 9
9.4
53 .1
28.2
1993
87 . 3
8 . 3
63 . 2
25.2
1994
85 5
5.3
92 . 5
100 . 0
1995
79 0
9.2
100 . 0
81 . 9
18 .1
1996
72 . 2
2 .1
100 . 0
39.0
60 . 9
1997
82 . 0
18 . 0
100 . 0
99.1
1998
54 . 3
100 . 0
100 . 0
1999
52 . 2
100 . 0
100 . 0
2000
47 6
100 . 0
100 . 0
2001
47 6
100 . 0
100 . 0
2002
47 2
100 . 0
100 . 0
2003
45 1
100 . 0
100 . 0
2004
42 9
100 . 0
100 . 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-40
September 2008
-------
Table G-41 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 3500 lb. Pickup
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB AD J ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
39
.004
15.1
11 . 9
14 .4
12 . 9
3500
348
156
11 .1
124
.447
.0445
22 . 7
1976
71
.006
16.5
13 1
15.5
14 .1
3500
319
138
12 . 3
117
.440
. 0394
25 . 0
1977
65
. 005
17 1
13 6
15.9
14 . 6
3500
328
143
12.1
119
.442
. 0408
25 . 8
1978
89
. 006
18 . 5
14 . 6
17 . 4
15.8
3500
275
132
12 . 9
115
.497
. 0377
27 . 8
1979
22
. 002
18 . 9
15.1
17 . 5
16.1
3500
208
106
15.0
106
.531
. 0304
28 . 6
1980
53
. 005
18 . 7
15.2
16 8
15.9
3500
213
113
14 . 3
108
. 557
. 0323
28.1
1981
105
. 010
21 . 3
16.9
19 8
18 .1
3500
247
112
14 . 2
108
.472
. 0319
31 . 9
1982
120
. 012
22.3
17 . 7
21.0
19 . 0
3500
210
108
14 . 4
107
. 545
.0310
33.4
1983
231
.022
23.4
18 . 2
22.5
19 . 9
3500
178
107
14 . 6
106
. 618
.0305
35.1
1984
356
.025
22.7
17 . 8
21.7
19 . 4
3500
174
104
15 0
105
. 615
.0297
34 . 2
1985
342
.024
23.3
18 . 3
22 3
19 . 9
3500
180
109
14 . 3
107
. 641
. 0313
35 . 0
1986
432
. 028
23.2
18 .1
22 0
19 . 7
3500
167
119
13.5
111
. 726
. 0341
34 . 7
1987
478
. 032
22 . 9
17 . 6
21 . 9
19.4
3500
178
121
13.4
111
.696
. 0347
34 .1
1988
491
. 032
22 . 8
17.5
21 . 8
19.3
3500
183
129
12 7
114
.719
. 0370
33 . 9
1989
439
. 030
22 . 6
17 3
21 . 5
19.0
3500
195
132
12 6
115
. 696
. 0376
33.5
1990
316
. 025
23 1
17 5
21 . 9
19.4
3500
186
135
12 . 3
116
.741
. 0386
34 .0
1991
413
. 033
23 9
17 . 9
22.8
20 . 0
3500
199
137
12 .1
117
.712
.0393
35.1
1992
413
.034
24 .7
18 . 3
23.4
20 . 5
3500
187
131
12 . 6
115
.719
.0374
36.2
1993
444
.034
24 .5
18 . 2
23.2
20 . 4
3500
186
134
12 . 4
116
.738
.0384
35. 9
1994
736
.052
25.3
18 . 6
23.7
20 . 9
3500
178
132
12 . 7
115
.752
.0377
36 . 8
1995
578
. 038
26.3
19 1
24 . 6
21 . 6
3500
167
131
12 . 6
115
. 804
. 0375
38 . 2
1996
568
. 043
26.3
19 1
24 . 6
21 . 6
3500
157
129
12.8
114
. 828
. 0368
38 .1
1997
457
. 032
27 . 0
19.5
24 . 9
22.0
3500
154
123
13.1
112
.815
. 0353
38 . 9
1998
630
. 044
26 1
18.7
24 .1
21. 2
3500
157
130
12 6
115
.840
. 0373
37 .5
1999
493
. 032
24 . 9
17 7
23 0
20.2
3500
162
133
12 . 4
116
.827
. 0380
35.8
2000
545
. 033
24 . 9
17 6
22 . 9
20 .1
3500
163
135
12 . 3
116
.842
.0386
35.5
2001
348
.022
24 .5
17 . 4
22.3
19 . 7
3500
161
138
12 .1
118
.867
.0395
34 . 8
2002
213
.013
24 . 9
17 . 6
22 3
19 . 9
3500
168
146
11 . 5
120
.884
.0417
35.3
2003
293
.019
25.7
17 . 8
23.5
20 . 6
3500
154
135
12 . 4
116
.889
.0385
36.3
2004
131
.008
25 9
18 . 0
23.1
20 . 6
3500
158
149
11 . 4
121
. 944
. 0425
36 . 3
2005
92
. 006
25.9
17 . 7
23.5
20 . 6
3500
167
159
10.8
125
. 960
. 0455
36 . 3
2006
100
. 007
26.1
17 .7
23 . 9
20.8
3500
164
160
10.7
126
. 984
. 0459
36 . 6
2007
87
. 006
26 0
17.8
23 . 5
20 . 6
3500
161
160
10.8
125
.994
. 0456
36 . 5
2008
81
. 005
26 9
18 5
24 . 0
21. 3
3500
159
156
10.9
124
. 986
.0446
37 . 6
Percent of 3500 lb. Pickup:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
YEAR FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
1975
5 .
. 9
1976
11 .
. 9
1977
9 .
. 3
1978
20 .
. 5
1979
35 .
. 1
1980
42 .
. 1
49.
. 3
1981
6 .
. 1
62 .
. 3
31.
. 0
1982
31 .
. 5
80 .
. 0
16.
. 2
1983
59 .
. 4
6 6 ,
. 6
28 .
. 0
1984
62 .
. 0
67 .
. 5
25.
. 4
1985
60 .
. 9
71 .
. 5
25.
. 0
1986
67 .
. 4
69 .
. 0
30.
. 2
1987
56 .
. 2
55 .
. 2
44 .
. 0
1988
55 .
. 6
54 .
.0
45 .
. 2
1989
37 .
.3
51 .
.7
47 .
. 9
1990
30 .
.7
52 .
.7
47 .
. 3
1991
21 .
.3
52 .
.4
47 .
. 6
1992
18 .
.4
65 .
.1
34 .
. 9
1993
19 .
.1
64 .
.4
35 .
. 6
1994
9 .
.0
63.
. 2
36 .
. 8
1995
7 .
. 7
69.
. 5
30 .
. 5
1996
7 .
. 5
6 6.
. 2
33 .
. 8
1997
1.
. 0
67 .
. 9
32 .
. 1
1998
8 .
. 5
57 .
. 8
42 .
.2
1999
7 .
. 5
46 .
. 9
53 .
.1
2000
5 .
. 4
41 .
. 0
59 .
.0
2001
2 .
. 8
40 .
. 2
57 .
.1
2002
34 .
. 7
60 .
. 6
2003
1 .
. 4
36 .
. 1
60.
. 4
2004
38 .
. 5
53.
. 7
2005
37 .
. 7
62 .
. 3
2006
1 .
. 2
35 .
. 8
64 .
. 2
2007
34 .
. 6
65.
. 4
2008
41 .
. 9
58 .
. 1
14 . 2
35 . 6
28 . 5
54 . 5
53 . 8
77 . 5
59 . 0
70 . 5
76 . 2
86 . 6
83 .1
100 . 0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
3.5
30.1
30.0
40 . 6
44 .0
22 . 5
41. 0
29.5
23.8
13.4
16.9
1. 6
2 . 5
. 7
. 3
. 2
98 .1
1. 7
93.1
6
9
85.2
5 . 9
8
9
90.8
8 . 7
81.1
18
9
83 . 9
16
1
80.3
19
7
65 . 6
34
4
45.2
54
8
66 . 8
33
2
22 . 6
77
4
12.7
22 .1
77
9
51 .5
13 . 3
86
7
59.5
11 . 0
89
0
89.0
14 . 7
85
3
87 . 9
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-41
September 2008
-------
Table G-4 2 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 4000 lb. Pickup
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB AD J ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
733
.072
14 .1
11 . 0
13 6
12 . 0
4000
330
143
13 2
115
.433
.0358
24 . 6
1976
906
.073
15.3
12 . 2
14 . 3
13 .1
4000
327
135
13 8
112
.412
. 0338
26 . 8
1977
855
.061
16.7
13 4
15.3
14 . 2
4000
322
144
13.2
115
.445
. 0359
28 . 9
1978
951
.066
16 1
13.0
14 . 4
13 . 6
4000
318
144
13.1
115
.453
. 0361
28 . 0
1979
606
. 044
15 . 9
12 . 9
14 . 4
13.5
4000
305
142
13.2
114
.465
. 0356
27 . 4
1980
439
. 039
18 . 7
14 . 9
17 . 4
15.9
4000
282
127
14 . 3
109
.451
. 0317
32 .1
1981
587
. 056
19 2
15.2
17 . 9
16.3
4000
286
128
14 . 2
110
.451
. 0320
33.0
1982
396
. 041
18.7
14 . 9
17.4
15 . 9
4000
292
130
14 . 2
110
.446
.0325
32 . 2
1983
332
.032
18.5
14 . 7
17.4
15 . 8
4000
291
130
14 . 2
110
.446
.0324
32 . 0
1984
406
.029
18.5
14 . 6
17.4
15 . 7
4000
287
127
14 . 5
109
.442
.0317
32 . 0
1985
385
.027
18.5
14 . 8
17 2
15 . 8
4000
292
139
13 5
114
.479
.0349
31 . 9
1986
465
. 030
19.2
15 2
17 7
16 . 3
4000
276
134
13.8
112
. 505
. 0336
32 . 8
1987
271
. 018
19.1
15 1
17 . 6
16.2
4000
273
141
13.3
114
. 530
. 0353
32 . 5
1988
370
. 024
19 7
15.2
18 . 7
16 . 6
4000
282
154
12 3
118
.555
. 0385
33 . 4
1989
369
. 026
20 .1
15.3
19 3
17 . 0
4000
269
159
12 1
120
. 607
. 0397
34 .2
1990
342
. 027
20 2
15.1
19 4
16.9
4000
271
162
11 . 9
121
. 612
. 0405
34 .0
1991
353
. 028
20 4
15.2
19 6
17 .1
4000
262
159
12 .1
120
. 623
.0397
34 . 3
1992
332
.027
20.4
15 .1
19.7
17 .1
4000
250
154
12 . 4
118
. 628
.0386
34 . 3
1993
313
.024
20.5
15 . 2
19.5
17 .1
4000
236
155
12 . 3
119
. 669
.0388
34 . 3
1994
536
.038
20 9
15 . 4
19.8
17 . 3
4000
241
169
11 . 5
123
.715
.0423
34 . 8
1995
292
.019
20.9
15 4
19.5
17 . 3
4000
230
164
11 . 7
122
. 727
. 0411
34 . 7
1996
286
. 022
21 6
15 7
20.3
17 . 8
4000
239
173
11.2
124
. 734
. 0432
35 . 7
1997
425
. 029
21 . 5
15.5
20 . 2
17 . 6
4000
246
184
10.7
128
.756
. 0461
35 . 3
1998
437
. 030
21 . 3
15.3
19 9
17.4
4000
236
178
11 0
126
.766
.0446
34 . 9
1999
420
. 028
20 . 7
14 . 9
19 1
16.9
4000
231
172
11 3
124
.755
. 0431
33.8
2000
481
. 029
20 8
14 . 9
19 1
16.9
4000
222
171
11 . 4
124
.779
. 0429
33 . 9
2001
436
. 028
20.7
14 . 8
18.8
16 . 7
4000
226
184
10 . 7
128
.819
.0460
33. 6
2002
385
.024
20 9
15 . 0
18 . 6
16 . 8
4000
220
183
10 8
128
.836
.0457
33.7
2003
396
.025
21.4
15 . 2
19.2
17 . 2
4000
213
178
11 .1
126
.844
.0445
34 . 5
2004
380
.024
21.8
15 . 2
19.6
17 . 4
4000
208
189
10 5
130
. 910
.0473
35 . 0
2005
293
. 018
23.1
15 9
20.9
18 . 4
4000
211
206
9 . 9
136
. 978
. 0516
37 .1
2006
282
. 019
23.4
16 1
21 .1
18.7
4000
209
202
10.1
134
. 970
. 0505
37 . 5
2007
209
. 014
22 . 8
15.7
20 . 6
18.2
4000
212
199
10.2
133
. 942
. 0498
36 . 6
2008
202
. 012
23 .1
15 9
20 9
18 . 4
4000
211
195
10.3
132
. 927
. 0487
37 .2
Percent of 4000 lb. Pickup:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR
1975
7
33 .1
1976
1 0
33 . 8
1977
1 2
30 . 6
1978
1 1
30 . 5
. 7
1979
6 3
33 . 8
4 . 8
1980
5 6
51 . 5
17 . 4
1981
7 3
44 . 3
35.1
1982
9 4
32 . 9
28 . 4
1983
4 8
27 . 0
49.0
. 2
1984
6 3
34 . 2
39.9
. 0
1985
7 8
26 7
32 . 0
13 . 8
0
1986
13 . 5
36 8
33.5
28 . 0
11
0
1987
. 1
17 6
40 2
35 . 5
48 . 8
17
6
1988
. 0
18 0
43 2
40 .1
39 . 6
60
4
1989
37 0
39 8
54 . 8
28 . 4
71
6
1990
27 6
36 9
57 . 8
31 . 6
68
4
1991
40.0
42.4
57 . 6
36 . 0
64
0
1992
32 .0
37 .3
62 . 7
54 . 4
45
6
1993
42.3
38 .0
62 . 0
68 . 8
31
2
1994
43.7
38 .4
61 . 6
66 0
34
0
91 . 6
8 . 4
1995
53.8
38 .4
61 . 6
77 . 2
22
8
83 . 0
17 . 0
1996
44 .0
31 .7
68 . 3
100 . 0
77 . 6
5.1
17 . 3
1997
26.0
31 .3
68 . 7
100 . 0
89 .1
6.1
4 . 8
1998
42 .1
35.5
64 . 5
100 . 0
84 . 5
15.5
1999
52 4
26.1
73 . 9
100 . 0
o
CD
16.0
2000
45.0
21 0
79 . 0
100 . 0
86.4
13 . 6
2001
43.1
16.7
83 . 3
100.0
78.5
21.5
2002
38 1
19.7
80 . 3
100.0
60.0
40.0
2003
36.3
15.4
84 . 6
100.0
65 . 5
34 . 5
2004
41 . 3
16 3
83.7
100.0
46 . 6
53 . 4
20.3
2005
35 2
17 .1
82 . 9
100 . 0
22 .1
77 . 9
72.5
2006
29 . 8
17 .1
82 . 9
100 . 0
17 . 3
82 . 7
80.5
2007
27 7
14 . 4
85.6
100 . 0
34 .1
65 . 9
53.7
2008
28 6
19 6
80 . 4
100 . 0
46 . 7
53 . 3
51. 2
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-42
September 2008
-------
Table G-43 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 4500 lb. Pickup
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB AD J ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
180
.018
11.8
9 . 6
10 6
o
o
4500
365
166
12 . 9
118
.451
.0369
22 . 6
1976
375
.030
12 . 6
10 . 3
11 3
10 . 7
4500
365
161
13 2
117
.439
. 0358
24 . 3
1977
539
. 038
13.7
11 . 2
12 2
11 . 6
4500
369
169
12 . 6
119
.459
. 0377
26 . 3
1978
578
. 040
13.6
11.2
12 .1
11.5
4500
361
163
12 . 9
117
.453
. 0363
26 . 3
1979
631
. 045
14 . 2
11.8
12 . 7
12.2
4500
320
145
14 . 3
112
.459
. 0323
27 . 9
1980
247
. 022
15 . 7
12 6
14 . 3
13.3
4500
323
147
14 .1
112
.456
. 0326
30.3
1981
210
. 020
16 8
13.4
15 5
14 . 3
4500
314
147
14 . 0
112
.472
. 0327
32 . 6
1982
193
. 020
17 .1
13 . 7
15.7
14 . 5
4500
311
156
13 . 4
115
. 504
.0347
33.2
1983
247
.024
17.0
13 . 5
15.8
14 . 5
4500
310
151
13 8
113
.488
.0335
33.0
1984
385
.027
16.8
13 . 4
15 6
14 . 3
4500
310
150
13 9
113
.483
.0333
32 . 6
1985
428
.030
16.8
13 . 4
15.5
14 . 3
4500
310
159
13 1
116
. 513
.0354
32 . 4
1986
439
. 029
17 4
13 8
16.1
14 . 8
4500
307
155
13.5
115
. 503
. 0344
33 . 5
1987
353
. 024
17 2
13 5
16.0
14 . 6
4500
316
168
12.7
119
. 531
. 0374
33 . 0
1988
596
. 039
17 . 8
13.7
16 9
15.0
4500
322
174
12 4
120
.539
. 0387
33 . 9
1989
641
. 044
17 . 8
13 6
16 9
15.0
4500
320
174
12 4
121
.542
. 0388
33 . 9
1990
506
. 040
18 . 0
13.6
17 . 2
15.1
4500
318
171
12 . 5
120
. 536
. 0381
34 .3
1991
435
. 035
18 .1
13.5
17.5
15 . 2
4500
315
176
12 . 3
121
. 555
. 0390
34 . 4
1992
513
.042
18.4
13 . 6
17.8
15 . 4
4500
310
171
12 . 6
120
. 550
.0380
34 . 8
1993
614
.046
19.0
13 . 9
18 4
15 . 8
4500
306
177
12 . 2
121
. 579
.0394
35.8
1994
684
.048
18.7
13 . 7
18.0
15 . 6
4500
311
186
11 . 7
124
. 600
.0414
35.1
1995
744
.049
18 . 6
13 5
17 8
15 . 4
4500
308
182
11 . 9
123
. 593
. 0404
34 . 8
1996
543
. 041
18 9
13 7
17 9
15 . 6
4500
305
201
11.1
129
. 660
. 0447
35 . 3
1997
611
. 042
19.8
14 .2
18 . 8
16.3
4500
283
212
10.4
132
.753
. 0472
36 . 8
1998
585
. 040
19 8
14 .2
18 . 8
16.3
4500
289
216
10.3
133
.752
. 0481
36 . 8
1999
624
. 041
19 9
14 . 2
18 . 6
16.2
4500
287
224
10.1
136
.780
.0497
36.7
2000
766
.046
20 0
14 . 3
18 . 6
16.3
4500
281
224
10 .1
136
.798
.0498
36.8
2001
518
. 033
20 0
14 .1
18.4
16 . 2
4500
264
210
10 . 6
131
.796
.0468
36.5
2002
555
.034
19.8
14 . 0
18.2
16 . 0
4500
262
213
10 5
132
.811
.0473
36.1
2003
511
.032
20.2
14 . 2
18.5
16 . 3
4500
261
212
10 5
132
.814
.0472
36.8
2004
350
.022
20.5
14 . 3
18.8
16 . 5
4500
257
215
10 4
133
.841
.0478
37 . 2
2005
374
. 024
20.8
14 . 3
19.2
16 . 7
4500
247
227
10.0
137
. 924
. 0505
37 . 7
2006
368
. 024
21 3
14 . 6
19.5
17.1
4500
240
233
9.8
138
. 980
. 0518
38 . 4
2007
249
. 016
21 . 3
14 .7
19 5
17.1
4500
237
233
9.7
138
.993
. 0518
38 . 4
2008
197
. 012
21 . 5
14 .7
19 9
17 . 3
4500
232
227
10.0
137
. 987
. 0504
38 . 9
Percent of 4500 lb. Pickup:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR
1975
55 . 4
51 . 3
1976
64 . 5
45 . 2
1977
58 . 2
31 . 0
1978
68 . 5
31 . 7
1979
16 . 4
25 . 6
1980
30 . 9
32 . 0
44 .4
1981
25 . 2
18 . 6
60.3
1982
20 . 0
15 . 7
64 .1
1983
34 . 0
21 . 4
55.4
1984
34 . 6
18 . 6
58 .4
1985
33 . 6
16 . 9
64 . 9
1986
36 . 8
19 . 9
66.3
1987
35 . 5
21 . 6
45.7
1988
38 . 3
20 . 3
61. 7
1989
37 . 7
32 . 4
58 .1
1990
34 . 2
25 . 5
66.5
1991
28 . 6
23 . 7
75.3
1992
21 .1
27 . 9
72 . 0
1993
.0 16.9
19.5
80 . 5
1994
14 .5
17.3
82 . 7
1995
18.4
26 . 6
73 . 4
1996
11 . 9
19.0
81 . 0
1997
16.3
12.5
87 . 5
1998
9 . 6
11.4
88 . 6
1999
18.1
9.4
90 . 6
2000
17 .7
10.3
89 . 7
2001
16.0
11.0
CO
IX)
o
2002
27.1
8 . 7
91 . 3
2003
27 . 6
12 . 5
87.5
2004
31 . 9
10 . 9
89.1
2005
35 . 7
7 . 6
92 .4
2006
48 . 2
7 . 0
93.0
2007
53 . 9
6 . 5
93.5
2008
61 . 9
9 . 9
90.1
3
8 . 0
22 . 3
41. 5
35.5
45.1
51. 7
48 . 0
59 . 3
55 . 4
59 . 9
58 . 9
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
45 . 8
63 . 9
54 . 7
48.2
51 . 9
40 . 6
44 . 6
40.1
41.1
5
. 3
2 . 6
1. 8
. 8
. 9
. 4
. 0
. 0
. 1
. 1
. 1
. 1
. 1
. 1
100
0
99
3
98
6
1 4
98
8
1 2
99
4
100
0
92
7
7 3
90
9
9 1
84
6
15 . 4
87
8
12.2
90
9
9.1
6 . 0
61
9
38 1
38 .1
38
9
61 1
61 .1
43
1
56.9
48 . 0
47
0
53.0
57 . 4
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-43
September 2008
-------
Table G-4 4 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 5000 lb. Pickup
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB AD J ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
122
.012
11.0
9 . 0
9.7
9 . 3
5000
371
165
14 .1
114
.443
.0331
23.4
1976
188
.015
11 7
9 . 6
10.3
9 . 9
5000
367
159
14 . 5
112
.430
. 0318
24 . 9
1977
172
. 012
12 9
10 6
11 4
11 . 0
5000
378
167
14 .0
115
.440
. 0334
27 . 5
1978
198
. 014
12 8
10.5
11 . 3
10.8
5000
370
170
13.5
116
.462
. 0341
27 . 2
1979
404
. 029
12 . 9
10.8
11 . 2
11.0
5000
372
157
15.1
112
.419
. 0315
28 . 5
1980
147
. 013
15 . 9
12 7
14 . 6
13.5
5000
351
153
14 . 9
111
.436
. 0306
35.2
1981
53
. 005
16 9
13.5
15 6
14 . 4
5000
333
141
15 . 8
107
.425
. 0282
37 .2
1982
97
. 010
18 . 9
15 . 0
17.5
16 . 0
5000
336
140
15 . 9
107
.420
.0280
41. 8
1983
69
.007
18.0
14 .1
17.1
15 . 3
5000
334
150
15 0
110
.458
.0301
39.7
1984
85
.006
17.4
13 . 6
16 6
14 . 8
5000
322
155
14 . 6
111
.487
.0311
37 . 9
1985
92
.006
16.3
12 . 7
15.7
13 . 9
5000
322
162
14 .1
113
. 505
. 0324
35 . 5
1986
93
. 006
16.3
12 . 7
15.6
13 . 8
5000
321
162
14 .1
113
. 507
. 0324
35 .1
1987
74
. 005
16.0
12 . 5
15 . 0
13 . 6
5000
332
183
12 . 9
119
. 550
. 0366
34 . 2
1988
164
. 011
16 4
12 . 6
15 . 7
13 . 9
5000
342
193
12 3
122
. 565
. 0387
35 . 0
1989
129
. 009
16 0
12.4
15 0
13.5
5000
322
187
12 7
120
.588
. 0373
34 .0
1990
223
. 018
16 4
12 4
15 9
13.8
5000
337
198
12 .1
124
.591
. 0397
34 .8
1991
138
. 011
16 2
12 2
15.4
13 . 5
5000
333
198
12 .1
123
.598
.0396
34 . 0
1992
235
.019
16.7
12 . 4
16.2
14 . 0
5000
330
189
12 . 7
121
. 571
.0377
35.2
1993
258
.020
16 9
12 . 5
16.3
14 .1
5000
333
199
12 . 0
124
.599
.0399
35.4
1994
414
.029
17.0
12 . 5
16.2
14 .1
5000
336
202
11 . 9
125
. 601
.0404
35 . 4
1995
453
. 030
16.8
12 . 3
16.1
14 . 0
5000
337
202
11 . 9
125
. 601
. 0405
35 . 0
1996
390
. 030
17 3
12 . 5
16 7
14 .4
5000
334
225
10 9
131
. 675
. 0451
36 .1
1997
573
. 040
18 . 2
13.1
17 . 4
15.0
5000
319
229
10.7
132
.722
. 0459
37 . 7
1998
525
. 036
17 . 6
12.5
17 . 0
14 . 6
5000
327
236
10.4
134
.724
. 0473
36.4
1999
628
. 041
18 .1
13.0
17 . 0
14 . 9
5000
322
245
10 . 2
137
.763
.0491
37 .2
2000
707
. 043
18 . 4
13.2
17.0
15 . 0
5000
317
252
9 . 9
139
.797
.0504
37 . 6
2001
928
.059
18 . 6
13 . 2
17.3
15 .1
5000
314
255
9 . 8
140
.813
.0509
37 . 9
2002
780
.048
18.7
13 . 2
17 1
15 .1
5000
305
260
9 . 7
141
.854
.0521
37 . 9
2003
870
.055
18 . 9
13 . 3
17.2
15 . 2
5000
304
259
9 . 7
141
.852
.0518
38 . 2
2004
707
.045
19.2
13 4
17 4
15 . 4
5000
311
269
9 . 5
144
.862
. 0537
38 . 6
2005
679
. 043
19.4
13 4
17 8
15 . 6
5000
304
272
9.4
145
.892
. 0545
39 .1
2006
608
. 040
19.9
13.8
18 .1
16.0
5000
297
265
9 . 6
143
.891
. 0530
40 . 0
2007
539
. 035
19 8
13 6
18 . 4
16.0
5000
287
252
10.1
139
.877
. 0505
40 .1
2008
351
. 021
20 . 4
14 . 0
18 . 9
16.4
5000
274
233
10.7
133
.850
.0466
41.1
Percent of 5000 lb. Pickup:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
YEAR FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
1975
26
4
27
9
1976
26
9
28
8
1977
23
5
24
6
1978
36
6
32
8
0
1979
8
3
18
5
13
0
1980
53
2
21
5
65
3
28
8
1981
55
4
31
1
57
2
32
9
1982
43
4
26
2
65
1
56
0
1983
65
2
23
9
6 6
1
26
4
1984
74
8
26
8
68
4
14
7
1985
85
9
28
0
61
2
6
8
1986
89
6
22
2
64
0
4
2
3
8
1987
95
4
31
5
47
0
20
5
58
7
2
0
1988
74
8
17
8
61
4
25
5
71
2
2
1
1989
78
9
27
4
56
9
43
5
55
1
1
4
1990
65
5
13
4
82
7
23
9
75
3
8
1991
86
9
17
5
78
2
31
2
67
9
9
1992
78
2
14
7
85
1
43
8
55
8
4
1993
86
6
13
7
86
3
38
8
61
2
1994
87
0
10
0
90
0
45
0
55
0
100
0
1995
83
9
11
0
89
0
52
3
47
7
100
0
1996
70
7
7
9
92
1
99
8
2
100
0
1997
60
1
5
7
94
3
100
0
0
100
0
1998
75
4
5
1
94
9
100
0
0
100
0
1999
73
5
2
6
97
4
100
0
100
0
2000
78
9
1
6
98
4
100
0
91
1
2001
46
9
1
7
98
3
100
0
95
9
2002
51
3
2
0
98
0
100
0
94
5
2003
49
6
1
5
98
5
100
0
95
3
2004
46
5
1
4
98
6
100
0
90
9
2005
33
5
2
3
97
7
100
0
85
0
2006
28
9
3
8
96
2
100
0
79
8
2007
21
7
3
2
96
8
100
0
91
4
2008
21
2
3
0
97
0
100
0
89
5
3 . 3
3 . 8
8 . 9
4 .1
5.5
4 . 7
8 . 8
14 . 8
19.8
5.3
6.7
. 0
15.0
. 1
20.2
. 1
17.3
. 1
2.3
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-44
September 2008
-------
Table G-4 5 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 5500 lb. Pickup
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB AD J ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
53
.005
o
o
CO
CO
8.7
CO
(_n
5500
374
170
14 . 9
113
.452
.0310
23.4
1976
102
.008
11 4
9 . 3
10.2
9 . 7
5500
383
171
14 . 9
113
.443
. 0311
26 . 8
1977
91
. 006
11 8
9 . 7
10.4
10 . 0
5500
396
183
14 .1
116
.458
. 0333
27 . 8
1978
120
. 008
12 1
10 0
10 . 8
10.3
5500
377
172
14 . 6
113
.457
. 0312
28 . 4
1979
83
. 006
11 . 3
9.5
9 . 8
9 . 6
5500
400
191
13.8
118
.473
. 0348
26 . 8
1980
14
. 001
13 . 3
10.7
12 . 2
11. 3
5500
353
165
14 . 9
111
.467
. 0299
31 .3
1981
2
. 000
13 3
10.5
12 . 4
11. 3
5500
351
143
16 5
105
.407
. 0260
31 .1
1982
17
. 002
22 . 4
17 5
21.3
19 .1
5500
350
130
18 .1
102
. 371
.0236
52 . 4
1983
10
.001
22.1
17 . 3
21.2
18 . 9
5500
379
130
18 .1
102
. 343
.0236
51. 9
1984
8
.001
21 . 9
17 . 3
20.5
18 . 6
5500
379
130
18 .1
102
. 343
.0236
51. 2
1985
5
.000
21.1
16 5
20.2
18 . 0
5500
379
130
18 .1
102
. 343
. 0236
49 . 5
1986
3
. 000
21 1
16 4
20.1
17 . 9
5500
379
130
18.1
102
. 343
. 0236
49 . 3
1987
1
. 000
21 1
16.3
20 .1
17 . 9
5500
379
130
18.1
102
.343
. 0236
49.1
1988
1
. 000
16 9
13.4
15 . 2
14 .2
5500
363
178
14 . 4
115
.495
. 0324
40 . 7
1989
1
. 000
19 2
14 . 8
17 . 9
16.1
5500
370
153
16.6
108
.417
. 0278
45.3
1990
1
. 000
18 . 6
14 . 3
17 . 2
15.5
5500
370
159
15 . 8
110
.434
. 0289
44 .0
1991
3
. 000
17 . 5
13 . 2
16.7
14 . 7
5500
364
176
14 . 6
114
.489
.0321
41. 7
1992
9
.001
16.3
12 . 2
15 6
13 . 7
5500
353
200
12 . 9
121
. 570
.0364
38 . 0
1993
8
.001
17.0
12 . 6
16.3
14 . 2
5500
352
199
13 0
120
.569
.0363
39.4
1994
21
.001
16.9
12 . 5
15.9
14 . 0
5500
364
205
12 . 6
122
. 568
. 0373
39 . 0
1995
29
. 002
15.9
11 . 6
15.2
13 . 2
5500
358
215
12.2
125
. 605
. 0392
36 . 5
1996
64
. 005
15.3
11.0
15 . 0
12.8
5500
345
225
11.7
127
.655
. 0410
35 . 3
1997
275
. 019
17 . 0
12.1
16 6
14 .1
5500
347
240
11 1
131
.693
. 0437
38 . 9
1998
112
. 008
16 4
11 7
16 0
13.6
5500
330
225
11 7
127
. 684
. 0410
37 .5
1999
130
. 009
16 3
11 5
15 9
13.5
5500
344
242
11 .1
132
.704
. 0440
37 .1
2000
72
. 004
16.2
11 . 3
15 9
13 . 4
5500
347
244
11 . 0
132
.705
.0444
36.9
2001
258
.017
16.3
11 . 5
15.5
13 . 4
5500
340
251
10 7
134
.740
.0456
36.9
2002
280
.017
17.0
11 . 9
16.0
13 . 9
5500
322
255
10 6
135
.795
.0464
38 . 4
2003
271
.017
17.2
12 .1
15.9
13 . 9
5500
319
263
10 4
137
. 827
. 0479
38 . 4
2004
538
. 034
17 9
12 . 5
16.5
14 . 5
5500
316
286
9.8
143
. 901
. 0521
40 . 0
2005
549
. 035
18 3
12 . 6
16 8
14 .7
5500
318
292
9 . 6
145
. 913
. 0531
40 . 6
2006
570
. 038
18 . 7
13.0
17 . 3
15.1
5500
313
283
9.8
143
. 902
. 0515
41 . 6
2007
662
. 043
19 6
13.5
18 . 0
15.8
5500
319
301
9.3
147
. 939
. 0547
43.4
2008
801
.049
19 9
13.7
18 . 4
16.0
5500
320
315
9 .1
151
. 980
. 0572
44 .2
Percent of 5500 lb. Pickup:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR
1975
84 . 9
1 .1
1976
87 .1
2 . 9
1977
76 . 0
1 . 0
1978
91 . 0
. 4
. 0
1979
3 . 9
40 . 8
. 1
1980
84 . 0
44 .1
40.9
1981
44 . 3
62 . 0
1982
100 . 0
16 . 7
83.3
100.0
1983
100 . 0
10 . 0
90.0
100.0
1984
97 . 0
13 .1
86.9
100.0
1985
83 . 2
11 . 9
88 .1
100 . 0
1986
84 . 4
14 . 5
85.5
100 . 0
1987
80 . 0
7 . 7
92 . 3
100 . 0
1988
97 . 8
62 . 7
37 . 3
54 . 9
45 .1
1989
100 . 0
36 . 0
64 . 0
31 .7
68 . 3
1990
94 . 8
41 . 0
59.0
32 .0
68 . 0
1991
97 . 5
8 . 7
91. 3
52 .2
47 . 8
1992
99 . 6
30 . 4
69.2
. 7
86.5
12 . 8
1993
9 9.9
13 . 3
86.7
16 . 0
84 .0
1994
95 . 5
14 . 9
85.1
47 . 8
52 .2
100 . 0
1995
96 . 8
9 . 4
90. 6
79 . 9
20.1
100 . 0
1996
99 .1
4 . 7
95.3
96 . 2
3 . 8
100 . 0
1997
99 . 7
. 7
99.3
99 . 8
. 2
100 . 0
1998
94 . 7
3 . 9
96.1
99 . 7
. 3
100 . 0
1999
92 . 7
3 . 5
96.5
100 . 0
100 . 0
2000
85 . 8
2 . 2
97 . 8
100 . 0
100 . 0
2001
97 . 7
1 . 8
98 . 2
100 . 0
100 . 0
2002
73 . 6
1 .1
98 . 9
100 . 0
100 . 0
2003
65 . 6
. 9
99.1
100.0
100.0
2004
43 . 3
. 8
99.2
100.0
12. 6
2005
60 . 5
. 5
99.5
100.0
67 . 0
2006
56 . 6
. 3
99.7
100.0
6 6.6
2007
52 . 7
. 3
99.7
100.0
76.5
2008
44 . 0
1 . 3
98 . 7
100.0
78 . 4
21 . 4
19 . 5
18 . 8
10 . 0
7 . 2
6.0
13.6
14 . 6
13.5
14 . 4
21 . 4
. 0
33 . 0
. 1
33 . 4
. 3
23.5
. 0
22.1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-45
September 2008
-------
Table G-4 6 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 6000 lb. Pickup
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB AD J ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1978
0
.000
12 . 6
10 . 4
11.1
10 . 7
6000
325
153
CO
106
.474
.0256
32 . 3
1979
7
.001
10.9
9 . 0
9.7
9 . 3
6000
390
153
17 . 9
106
. 386
. 0255
27 . 9
1980
0
. 000
9.9
8 .1
8 . 8
8 . 4
6000
350
155
16 9
106
.443
. 0258
25 . 2
1985
0
. 000
19 6
16.0
17 . 5
16 . 6
6000
379
130
18.8
100
.343
. 0217
49.8
1988
0
. 000
19 6
16.1
16 7
16.4
6000
379
140
17 8
103
.369
. 0233
49.1
1989
0
. 000
21 . 2
17 3
18 . 0
17 . 6
6000
379
126
19.3
99
. 332
. 0210
52 .8
1990
0
. 000
20 5
16.4
17 . 8
17 . 0
6000
379
135
18 . 3
101
. 356
. 0225
51 .1
1991
0
. 000
19.5
15 . 6
16.7
16 .1
6000
379
140
17 . 8
103
.369
.0233
48 . 4
1994
3
.000
18.1
13 . 6
16.7
15 . 0
6000
395
179
15 0
112
.455
.0299
45.0
1995
3
.000
18.1
13 . 4
16 9
15 . 0
6000
395
180
15 0
112
.455
.0300
45 . 0
1996
0
. 000
18 7
13 7
17 4
15 . 4
6000
395
180
15.0
113
.456
. 0300
46 . 2
1997
1
. 000
18 7
13 7
17 3
15.4
6000
395
180
15.0
113
.456
. 0300
46.1
1998
46
. 003
15 . 6
10 9
15 . 6
13.0
6000
359
233
12 2
126
. 651
. 0389
38 . 9
1999
200
. 013
16 8
12.0
16 1
13.9
6000
350
254
11 4
131
.727
. 0424
41 . 6
2000
2
. 000
15 8
10.8
16 0
13.1
6000
352
242
11 . 8
128
. 688
. 0404
39.3
2001
6
. 000
15 8
10.9
15 8
13 .1
6000
343
239
11 . 9
127
. 698
. 0398
39.3
2002
146
.009
17.5
12 . 3
16.3
14 . 3
6000
329
283
10 5
138
.861
.0472
42 . 9
2003
112
.007
17 . 6
12 . 3
16.5
14 . 3
6000
329
295
10 .1
141
.895
.0491
43.1
2004
376
.024
18.1
12 . 6
16 6
14 . 6
6000
324
290
10 3
140
.894
.0484
43.8
2005
311
. 020
18 0
12 . 5
16.4
14 . 5
6000
325
294
10 2
141
. 901
.0490
43 . 5
2006
260
. 017
17 6
12 . 3
16.1
14 .2
6000
329
298
10.0
142
. 906
.0497
42 . 7
2007
360
. 024
18 . 7
12 . 9
17 . 3
15.1
6000
331
322
9.5
148
. 971
. 0537
45 . 4
2008
480
. 029
18 . 4
12.7
17 . 2
14 . 9
6000
336
347
9.0
154
1 .033
. 0579
44 .8
Percent of 6000 lb. Pickup:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
YEAR FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
1978
3 . 7
77 . 6
1979
62 . 2
1980
100
0
1985
100 . 0
100 . 0
100.0
1988
100 . 0
100 . 0
100.0
1989
100 . 0
100 . 0
100.0
1990
100 . 0
100 . 0
100.0
1991
100 . 0
100 . 0
100.0
1994
100 . 0
1 . 0
99
0
100.0
100.0
1995
100 . 0
. 5
99
5
100.0
100.0
1996
100 . 0
100
0
100.0
100.0
1997
100 . 0
100
0
100.0
100.0
1998
100 . 0
. 5
99
5
98 . 4
1. 6
100.0
1999
100 . 0
. 1
99
9
100.0
. 0
100.0
2000
100 . 0
3 . 0
97
0
100.0
100.0
2001
100 . 0
17 . 0
83
0
100.0
100.0
2002
71 . 3
. 1
99
9
100.0
97 . 7
2 . 3
2003
69 .1
. 0
100
0
100.0
100.0
2004
87 . 8
. 0
100
0
100.0
36.1
63 . 9
63 . 9
2005
88 . 5
. 0
100
0
100.0
32 .1
67 . 9
67 . 9
2006
93 . 0
. 0
100
0
100.0
17 0
83 0
83 . 0
2007
81 . 6
. 0
100
0
100.0
26.2
44 . 8
29.0
73 . 8
2008
87 . 6
100
0
100.0
23.3
43 3
33.4
77 .1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-46
September 2008
-------
Table G-4 7 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 6500 lb. Pickup
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1978
0
.000
11.8
9 . 7
10.4
o
o
6500
322
153
18 . 3
104
475
. 0235
32 . 6
1980
1
.000
12.0
9 . 5
11.3
10 . 3
6500
368
150
18 . 5
103
408
. 0231
33.3
2005
3
.000
16.3
11 . 4
14 . 9
13 . 2
6500
330
300
10 . 6
139
909
.0462
42 . 8
2006
0
.000
15.2
10 . 6
14 .2
12 . 4
6500
330
445
7 . 7
173
1
348
. 0685
40.2
2007
0
.000
15.1
10 . 6
13 9
12 . 2
6500
330
445
7 . 7
173
1
348
. 0685
39.8
2008
3
.000
17.1
11 . 6
16.5
14 . 0
6500
339
489
7 . 3
183
1
444
. 0753
45.4
Percent of 6500 lb. Pickup:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4 WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
1978
1980
2005
2006
2007
2008
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.7
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
G-47
September 2008
-------
Light-Duty Automotive Technology and
Fuel Economy Trends:
1975 Through 2008
Appendix H
Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and
This technical report does not necessarily represent final EPA decisions or
positions. It is intended to present technical analysis of issues using data
that are currently available. The purpose in the release of such reports is to
facilitate the exchange of technical information and to inform the public of
technical developments.
Drive
Compliance and Innovative Strategies Division
and
Transportation and Climate Division
Offce of T ransportation and Air Quality
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
NOTICE
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
EPA420-R-08-015
September 2008
-------
Table H-l
Characteristics of
1975 to 2008 Front Drive Cars
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
539
. 065
23. 4
i—1
CD
1—1
22 . 9
20.0
2790
147
88
i—1
CD
1976
561
. 058
24 . 0
18 9
22 . 9
20.5
2844
163
95
14 . 3
1977
774
. 068
26.2
20.3
25.5
22 . 3
2706
93. 8
142
88
14 . 4
1978
1075
.096
26.8
20. 9
25.7
22 . 8
2590
94 . 4
129
82
14 . 5
1979
1283
. 119
26.4
20.7
25.1
22 . 5
2634
94 . 6
137
84
14 . 5
1980
2804
.297
26. 9
20.8
26.3
23. 0
2645
100. 4
138
86
14 . 4
1981
3235
. 370
28 . 6
22 . 2
27 . 7
24 4
2646
103. 0
133
85
14 . 2
1982
3568
.456
30.2
23.2
29.7
25.7
2665
101. 7
127
83
14 . 6
1983
3784
.473
30.3
23.5
29.5
25. 9
2682
104 . 2
129
85
14 . 4
1984
5737
. 537
29.7
23. 0
29.0
25.3
2752
105. 4
133
90
14 .1
1985
6648
. 616
29.4
22 . 6
28 9
25.1
2825
106.5
142
97
13.5
1986
7831
.711
29. 9
22 . 8
29.4
25. 4
2844
107 . 0
140
100
13.5
1987
8267
.770
29.7
22 . 6
29.1
25.2
2868
106.2
140
103
13.3
1988
8768
. 817
30. 0
22 . 5
29.3
25.3
2911
106.2
142
107
13. 0
1989
8267
. 825
29.3
21. 8
28 8
24 6
2980
107 . 0
147
115
12 . 6
1990
7455
.846
28 . 6
21.1
28 3
24 0
3082
106.7
151
123
12 .1
1991
7096
. 832
28 . 9
21. 2
28 4
24 2
3046
106.3
149
124
12 .1
1992
6551
.808
28 . 4
20.5
28 2
23.7
3120
107 . 2
157
131
11. 7
1993
7195
. 851
29.0
20.8
28 5
24 1
3109
107 . 6
154
130
11. 8
1994
7104
.844
28 . 9
20.7
28 5
24 0
3143
107 . 6
153
133
11. 7
1995
7701
. 820
29.2
20.6
28 9
24 . 2
3155
108 . 6
154
144
11. 0
1996
6829
.865
29.0
20.3
28 5
23. 9
3200
108 . 7
153
147
11. 0
1997
7213
.865
29.1
20.3
28 6
23. 9
3197
108 . 3
153
149
10. 9
1998
6937
. 870
29.2
20.2
28 5
23. 9
3243
108 . 9
154
151
10.8
1999
7305
. 872
28 . 7
19.8
28 0
23.5
3307
109.2
157
156
10.7
2000
7752
.849
28 . 8
19.7
27 . 9
23. 4
3313
110.3
156
158
10.6
2001
7073
.841
29.2
19. 9
28 0
23. 6
3312
110.2
155
158
10.6
2002
7052
.849
29.5
20.0
27 . 9
23.7
3320
110. 9
157
163
10.4
2003
64 95
. 817
30.1
20.2
28 4
24 1
3320
111. 0
154
163
10.3
2004
6094
.808
30.2
20.1
28 5
24 1
3356
111. 6
157
169
10.1
2005
6403
.798
31.1
20.6
28 9
24 7
3337
111. 9
153
165
10.2
2006
6057
.758
30. 9
20.5
28 9
24 6
3398
111. 9
156
173
10.0
2007
6458
.804
32 . 0
21. 2
29.6
25.3
3397
111. 3
152
171
10.0
2008
6651
.77 9
32 . 2
21. 3
29.8
25. 4
3425
111. 6
154
177
9.8
Percent of Front Drive Cars:
MODEL TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING VEHICLE SIZE
YEAR MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL SMALL MID LARGE
1975
CO
17
6
r-
CO
CO
CO
4
3
1976
59.7
18
9
86. 9
8 . 8
4
4
1977
68 . 2
31
3
2
8
89.5
6.1
4
4
1978
70.4
31
0
3
6
93. 6
4 . 2
2
2
1979
67 . 4
19
6
5
6
87 . 0
13. 0
0
1980
48.8
1
0
9
5
1
6
6
8
67 . 8
32 . 2
0
1981
46.7
5
4
1
8
5
4
68 .1
31. 9
0
1982
41. 0
32
2
5
0
13
9
2
7
71 0
29.0
0
1983
37 . 4
38
9
5
8
25
1
1
3
68 . 3
31. 7
0
1984
30.3
42
4
8
6
27
9
1
6
69.0
31. 0
0
1985
26.3
48
6
21
0
33
5
7
63.3
29.4
7
2
1986
27 .1
52
4
33
1
34
2
3
62 . 5
28 5
9
1
1987
26.2
56
5
38
0
36
7
0
66.3
24 7
9
0
1988
25.5
64
6
48
5
35
1
67 . 5
23. 8
8
7
1989
21. 7
68
6
2
58
0
31
4
0
61. 0
29.3
9
7
1990
19.7
73
1
0
75
2
23
6
0
61.1
28 8
10
1
1991
21. 0
73
7
77
5
22
3
1
64 .1
27 . 3
8
5
1992
18 . 5
75
4
90
3
9
7
0
61. 6
27 . 3
11
1
1993
18 . 7
76
3
91
9
8
1
60. 4
29.7
9
9
1994
17 . 4
78
8
93
9
6
1
61. 3
26.3
12
4
1995
16.8
82
4
98
6
1
4
60. 4
27 . 5
12
1
1996
14 6
84
4
0
98
7
1
3
1
56.2
33.3
10
6
1997
13.1
86
1
1
99
0
9
0
56. 9
31.1
12
0
1998
11. 5
88
0
1
99
7
2
2
48.8
41 4
9
8
1999
10.0
89
4
0
99
8
1
1
47 4
42 0
10
5
2000
9.7
89
3
0
99
7
3
46.5
36.1
17
4
2001
9. 9
88
8
3
99
7
3
50.1
34 . 0
15
9
2002
9.5
89
8
5
99
5
5
45.7
38 . 9
15
4
2003
10.0
88
8
1
1
99
5
5
48.8
36.3
15
0
2004
8 . 5
89
6
1
7
99
6
4
45.3
39.0
15
7
2005
8 . 2
88
9
2
8
99
5
5
43.7
41 9
14
3
2006
8 . 3
88
9
2
8
99
3
7
46.5
36.3
17
2
2007
7 . 2
81
2
11
6
100
0
42 8
43.8
13
4
2008
9.3
77
1
13
6
3.0 97
0
43.0
38 . 7
18
3
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015 H-l
TOP
HP/
HP/
TON
CU-FT
CU-FT
SPD
CID
WT
-MPG
-MPG
TON-MP
103
.704
. 0303
27 . 6
105
. 680
. 0319
28 . 8
104
.692
. 0315
30. 6
2264
2876
103
.693
. 0310
30.1
2308
2838
104
. 674
. 0312
29.8
2211
2835
105
. 652
. 0320
30.7
2363
3087
105
. 672
. 0321
32 . 6
2566
3349
104
. 677
. 0310
34 . 5
2658
3512
104
. 681
. 0317
35.0
2751
3641
106
.694
. 0325
35.2
2725
3709
108
.712
. 0344
35.7
2722
3800
109
.730
. 0347
36. 4
2758
3893
110
.752
. 0354
36.3
2703
3854
111
.775
. 0364
36. 9
2719
3927
113
.803
. 0381
36. 8
2665
3941
116
.844
. 0397
37 .1
2590
3966
116
. 859
. 0402
36. 9
2603
3931
118
.868
. 0416
37 .1
2579
3986
118
. 871
. 0414
37 . 5
2625
4044
119
.895
. 0417
37 . 8
2612
4066
123
. 956
. 0450
38 . 2
2655
4150
123
. 974
. 0454
38 . 2
2619
4159
124
. 985
. 0459
38 . 3
2611
4149
125
. 998
. 0462
38 . 8
2620
4225
126
1. 010
. 0467
38 . 8
2579
4247
126
1. 030
. 0473
38 . 8
2595
4283
127
1. 034
. 0474
39.3
2631
4331
128
1. 056
. 0486
39.5
2651
4379
128
1. 077
. 0488
40.2
2702
4466
130
1.096
. 04 99
40.7
2721
4540
129
1.097
. 04 90
41 5
2804
4652
131
1.131
. 0505
42 .1
2792
4715
130
1.135
. 04 97
43.5
2875
4845
132
1.153
. 0508
44.1
2902
4 927
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO
THREE
FOUR
FIVE
WT
HYBRII
94 . 3
4
5
1
3
82 .1
11
7
6
1
76. 9
11
1
12
0
73.1
12
9
14
0
65. 6
5
4
29
0
64 . 6
7
3
28
1
1. 9
65.5
5
5
29
0
3.4
62 .1
3
5
34
5
3.8
56.2
2
2
41
6
7 . 7
46.3
1
3
52
4
9. 9
38 . 9
1
1
60
0
11. 6
39.2
1
0
59
7
0
9.7
37 . 3
9
61
3
5
17 . 3
33.7
1
1
64
0
1
2
15. 9
33.5
9
64
1
1
4
22 . 5
. 1
32 . 7
4
64
8
2
1
26.6
. 0
30.3
4
67
1
2
3
33.7
. 4
26.2
71
0
2
8
41. 9
. 7
21. 8
76
3
1
9
43. 9
1 . 2
21. 3
77
9
8
54 .1
2 . 6
18 . 7
81
2
1
62 . 3
2 . 0
14 . 6
85
4
67 . 8
4 . 2
10.1
89
9
67 . 9
4 . 7
September 2008
-------
Table H-2
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Rear Drive Cars
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
7698
. 935
15. 4
12 . 0
i—1
CD
13.2
4146
298
139
14
1
1976
9161
. 942
17 . 2
13.5
16.3
14 6
4133
294
136
14
4
1977
10526
. 932
17 . 9
14 1
17 . 0
15.3
4034
111. 6
289
136
13
9
1978
10100
. 904
19.4
15.1
18 6
16.5
3694
110. 6
264
129
13
6
1979
9474
. 878
19.6
15. 4
18 6
16.7
3604
110. 8
253
124
13
7
1980
6553
.694
22 . 3
17 . 4
21. 4
19.0
3296
105. 9
209
107
14
2
1981
5436
. 622
23.5
18 3
22 . 6
20.0
3333
108 . 6
211
107
14
4
1982
4188
. 536
23.3
18 0
22 . 8
19. 9
3384
109. 9
216
112
14
1
1983
3973
.496
22 . 5
17 . 2
22 . 4
19.2
3547
113. 6
236
123
13
6
1984
4830
.453
23.1
17 . 6
23.1
19.7
3514
110.1
234
125
13
3
1985
3918
. 363
23.5
17 . 9
23. 6
20.1
3576
110. 6
240
135
12
7
1986
3068
.279
23. 8
18 0
24 0
20.3
3547
107 . 7
239
139
12
3
1987
2347
. 219
23.5
17 . 6
23. 9
20.0
3608
107 . 7
241
147
12
0
1988
1879
. 175
23.5
17 . 4
23. 9
19. 9
3689
110. 8
248
157
11
6
1989
1654
.165
23.6
17 . 4
24 0
20.0
3708
111 . 7
244
153
11
9
1990
1268
.144
23. 6
17 . 3
23.7
19. 9
3724
108 . 5
235
159
11
7
1991
1310
. 154
24 . 0
17 . 4
24 3
20.2
3726
109.3
240
177
10
7
1992
1467
.181
24 . 6
17 . 8
24 6
20.6
3760
113. 6
228
179
10
7
1993
1161
. 137
24 . 3
17 . 3
24 5
20.3
3814
113.1
243
189
10
5
1994
1274
. 151
24 . 0
17 . 0
24 3
20.0
3841
111. 3
252
198
10
0
1995
1585
.169
24 . 6
17 . 3
24 8
20.5
3783
109.0
230
194
10
1
1996
943
. 120
24 . 3
16. 9
24 7
20.2
3862
110.5
257
207
9
7
1997
977
. 117
24 . 3
16.8
24 5
20.1
3827
109.6
244
209
9
5
1998
855
.107
24 . 5
16. 9
24 4
20.2
3771
104 . 0
242
218
9
1
1999
888
.106
24 . 5
16.8
24 3
20.1
3799
105.7
242
226
8
8
2000
1186
. 130
25. 0
17 . 1
24 5
20.4
3699
103.5
229
228
8
7
2001
1063
. 126
24 . 8
16. 9
24 3
20.3
3717
101. 4
228
226
8
7
2002
933
. 112
24 . 5
16.6
23. 8
19. 9
3784
<£>
CD
O
234
237
8
5
2003
1151
.145
24 . 5
16.5
23.7
19. 9
3872
100. 8
230
245
8
4
2004
1035
. 137
24 . 3
16.2
23. 8
19.7
3863
100. 6
231
246
8
4
2005
1163
.145
24 . 4
16.2
23.5
19.7
3955
104 . 7
236
257
8
3
2006
1475
.185
24 . 8
16.4
23. 9
20.0
3950
107 . 1
235
265
8
1
2007
1121
.140
24 . 7
16.3
24 1
20.0
3954
102 . 1
240
277
7
9
2008
1281
. 150
25.2
16.7
24 3
20.3
3922
100. 9
230
272
8
0
Percent of Rear Drive Cars:
MODEL TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING VEHICLE SIZE
YEAR MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL SMALL MID LARGE
1975
16.6
4
3
3
53.2
24 4
22 . 4
1976
14 5
2
2
3
53.5
26.2
20.3
1977
13. 0
2
2
3
49.2
25. 9
24 . 9
1978
14 9
7
4
2
3
6
39.5
37 . 6
23. 0
1979
15. 9
9
2
2
7
1
6
37 . 6
37 . 2
25.2
1980
24 4
23
4
4
9
. 3
3
5
48.0
35.7
16.2
1981
20.3
53
3
6
6
3.1
6
3
41. 0
39.4
19.6
1982
19.5
68
0
9
2
6.4
6
4
43.6
33.1
23. 4
1983
14 3
76
4
13
5
14 .1
2
9
35.7
33. 9
30. 4
1984
16.1
77
7
22
8
20.8
1
8
42 7
28 0
29.2
1985
15.1
77
0
22
9
31. 3
1
3
40.8
29.2
30. 0
1986
17 . 0
74
4
46
0
14 . 9
3
50. 6
27 . 2
22 .1
1987
18 3
73
0
58
9
9.8
1
0
52 . 0
24 0
24 .1
1988
16.1
76
2
78
8
5.3
0
51.1
16.2
32 . 7
1989
14 . 9
75
9
83
3
10.7
0
43.4
23.1
33.5
1990
17 . 5
73
3
90
5
6.8
2
41.1
29.8
29.1
1991
15. 8
75
2
79
5
20.1
5
44.0
22 . 4
33.7
1992
10.6
83
0
85
7
14 . 0
3
31. 3
31. 8
36. 9
1993
11. 4
81
8
89
4
10.6
34 . 4
30.5
35.1
1994
12 . 6
82
0
99
9
1
42 .1
25. 8
32 .1
1995
12 . 9
80
5
99
6
4
42 5
33.2
24 . 3
1996
14 5
79
6
99
7
3
42 2
20.3
37 . 5
1997
13. 9
85
9
99
7
3
43.3
22 . 9
33. 8
1998
15.7
84
0
99
6
4
57 .1
15. 4
27 . 5
1999
15. 9
83
3
99
5
5
52 .1
15.1
32 . 8
2000
18 3
79
3
99
6
. 4
56.3
16. 9
26.8
2001
16.8
82
8
100
0
58 . 9
13. 8
27 . 3
2002
18 . 3
81
2
100
0
67 .1
15.1
17 . 9
2003
15.5
84
5
100
0
58 . 5
16.7
24 . 8
2004
17 . 2
82
6
100
0
57 . 2
17 . 9
24 . 8
2005
13.1
86
6
99
4
6
47 . 7
22 . 9
29.3
2006
12 . 5
87
2
99
6
4
46.6
17 . 8
35. 6
2007
15.3
84
7
99
3
7
51. 9
22 . 0
26.2
2008
14 9
84
9
5.6 94
1
2
49.5
18 5
32 . 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015 H-2
TOP
HP/
HP/
TON
CU-FT
CU-FT
SPD
CID
WT
-MPG
-MPG
TON-MP
112
. 502
. 0333
27 . 5
111
.491
. 0325
30.3
112
. 504
. 0336
31. 0
1744
3464
112
. 522
. 0345
30. 6
1865
3399
111
. 527
. 0342
30.2
1882
3366
108
. 554
. 0323
31. 5
2043
3359
107
. 548
. 0320
33.5
2203
3670
109
. 553
. 0330
33. 9
2217
3762
111
.549
. 0346
34 . 3
2200
3916
113
. 569
. 0356
34 . 9
2190
3857
116
. 600
. 0378
36. 0
2226
4010
117
. 625
. 0393
36. 0
2190
3918
120
. 660
. 0409
36.2
2163
3936
122
. 675
. 0428
36. 9
2221
4140
121
. 675
. 0415
37 .1
2240
4198
123
.732
. 0429
37 .1
2159
407 9
129
.783
. 0475
37 . 7
2208
4176
129
. 834
. 0475
38 . 7
2345
4451
132
. 817
. 04 97
38 . 7
2297
4429
135
. 819
. 0516
38 . 5
2233
4329
134
.884
. 0510
38 . 8
2239
4258
137
. 828
. 0535
39.0
2226
4350
139
.882
. 0547
38 . 6
2203
4255
142
. 924
. 0577
C\]
CO
CO
2106
4002
145
. 968
. 0596
38 . 3
2128
4078
146
1. 020
. 0610
37 . 8
2127
3954
146
1. 031
. 0609
37 . 7
2065
3867
149
1.049
. 0628
37 . 7
1964
3752
150
1.095
. 0636
38 . 5
2006
3944
151
1.100
. 0641
38 . 2
1991
3897
153
1.142
. 0654
39.0
2068
4147
156
1.155
. 0671
39.7
2156
4302
159
1.185
. 0700
39.7
2050
4098
158
1. 211
. 0690
40.0
2053
4087
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO
THREE
FOUR
FIVE
WT
97 . 5
2 . 5
96. 0
4 . 0
95.5
1. 5
3.0
89.2
5.4
5.4
77 . 9
5.1
17 . 0
4 . 2
77 . 6
. 3
22 .1
5.6
64 . 5
35.5
10.2
75.2
24 . 8
11. 3
73.8
26.2
10.3
58 . 3
41. 7
. 0
10.2
73. 9
26.0
. 0
13.1
61. 8
1. 2
37 . 0
. 1
24 . 7
57 . 2
6.3
36.5
. 1
27 . 5
56. 0
10.5
33. 4
. 1
25. 8
49.1
7 . 5
43.3
. 0
29.0
41 7
12 . 8
45.4
. 1
38 . 7
38 . 7
14 3
46. 9
. 1
36.5
32 . 4
15. 6
51. 9
. 1
39.0
37 .1
9.5
53.1
. 2
46. 9
32 . 4
11.1
56. 4
. 0
43.2
25. 8
8 . 4
65.7
53. 8
25. 9
6.5
67 . 6
58 . 4
19.5
6.0
74.4
53. 0
September 2008
-------
Table H-3
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Four Wheel Drive Cars
MODEL
YEAR
SALES
(000)
< FUEL ECONOMY >
FRAC LAB
55/45
ADJ
CITY
ADJ ADJ
HWY COMP
WGHT
LB
VOL
CU-FT
ENGINE
CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON CU-FT CU-FT-
-MPG -MPG TON-MPG
1979
37
. 003
27 . 6
21. 7
26.1
23.5
2500
100.5
97
67
16.0
98
.691
. 0268
29.4
2360
2950
1980
85
. 009
20. 9
16.7
19.2
17 . 8
3149
100. 8
173
80
16.8
99
. 541
. 0257
28 0
1880
2819
1981
61
. 007
24 . 3
19.4
22 . 5
20.7
2929
102 . 7
157
83
15. 4
101
. 576
. 0284
30.3
2224
3117
1982
63
. 008
25.3
20.1
23. 4
21. 5
3122
103.1
165
85
16.0
101
. 564
. 0271
33. 4
2266
3439
1983
245
. 031
31. 6
25.3
29.0
26.8
2689
98 . 9
118
75
15.7
100
. 675
. 0279
36.3
2722
3586
1984
107
. 010
27 . 6
21. 9
25. 9
23.5
2913
106. 6
135
80
16.0
100
. 643
. 0274
34 . 4
2605
3672
1985
224
. 021
32 . 5
25.7
30.5
27 . 7
2584
115. 8
101
71
15. 9
99
.703
. 0275
36.1
3259
4181
1986
116
. 011
26. 9
21.1
25.3
22 . 8
2929
113.2
120
92
14 5
105
.789
. 0312
33.5
2617
3793
1987
118
. 011
26.8
20. 9
25.1
22 . 7
2928
114 . 7
115
92
14 5
105
. 811
. 0313
33.3
2631
3821
1988
89
. 008
28 . 8
22 . 4
26.5
24 2
2827
109.2
112
98
13. 4
109
.890
. 0346
34 . 2
2677
3752
1989
96
. 010
28 . 9
22 . 3
26.7
24 2
2845
95.3
115
107
12 . 6
112
. 948
. 0378
34 . 7
2304
3290
1990
86
. 010
26.8
20.3
25. 4
22 . 4
3234
115.7
125
119
12 . 8
113
. 959
. 0367
36.3
2613
4210
1991
118
. 014
26.6
19. 9
25.2
22.2
3289
109.5
130
145
11. 6
121
1.104
. 0433
36.5
2455
4006
1992
90
. 011
25. 9
19.2
24.5
21. 5
3492
109.1
140
191
9.8
137
1.400
. 0552
37 . 5
2379
4102
1993
100
. 012
28 . 0
20.7
26.3
23.2
3216
111. 2
127
130
12 .1
117
1. 008
. 0400
37 . 2
2585
4154
1994
36
. 004
26.2
19.2
24 7
21. 6
3442
117 . 3
140
140
12 . 0
118
. 991
. 0404
37 . 2
2556
4383
1995
109
. 012
27 . 7
20.0
26.3
22 . 8
3310
115. 4
135
143
11. 3
121
1. 056
. 0430
37 . 7
2639
4359
1996
118
. 015
26.7
19.1
25. 4
21. 9
3397
118 . 6
145
153
11. 0
124
1. 045
. 044 9
37 . 3
2623
4 4 4 8
1997
144
. 017
27 . 3
19.3
26.0
22 . 3
3397
119.3
147
160
10.6
126
1. 086
. 0470
38 . 0
2683
4547
1998
179
. 023
26.5
18 7
25.2
21. 6
3525
120. 8
149
169
10.4
128
1.136
. 047 9
38 .1
2626
4619
1999
186
. 022
26.2
18 2
25.2
21. 4
3558
119. 8
149
171
10.3
129
1.152
. 0481
38 .1
2576
4574
2000
190
. 021
26.3
18 4
24 . 7
21. 3
3603
119. 0
153
181
10.0
132
1.191
. 0501
38 . 4
2554
4587
2001
273
. 032
25.2
17 . 5
23. 8
20.5
3831
115.2
157
200
9.8
136
1. 292
. 0523
39.4
2375
4564
2002
318
. 038
25. 8
17 . 7
24 4
20.8
3827
110.7
155
201
9.7
136
1. 320
. 0528
39. 9
2326
4 4 4 9
2003
305
. 038
25.5
17 . 4
24 0
20.6
3866
102 . 7
166
201
9. 9
135
1.240
. 0517
39. 9
2187
4147
2004
410
. 054
24 . 8
16.8
23. 4
19. 9
4010
117 . 8
174
218
9.6
139
1.278
. 0545
40.0
2359
4765
2005
462
. 058
25. 0
16.8
23. 4
20.1
3966
121. 0
177
226
9.2
142
1.294
. 0568
39.8
2444
4845
2006
461
. 058
25. 4
17 . 1
23.7
20.3
3994
120. 0
183
235
9.0
145
1. 309
. 0586
40.6
2455
4890
2007
451
. 056
25.3
17 . 0
23. 8
20.3
4011
116. 0
190
243
8 . 8
147
1.290
. 0601
40.8
2371
4742
2008
604
. 071
25.5
17 . 1
24 1
20.5
4011
115. 4
189
246
8 . 7
148
1. 307
. 0609
41.1
2379
4756
Percent of Four Wheel Drive Cars:
MODEL
YEAR
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
WT HYBRID
1979
100. 0
100. 0
. 0
0
1980
53.5
100. 0
. 0
0
1981
73.3
26.7
100. 0
. 0
0
1982
67 . 5
32 . 5
100. 0
. 0
0
1983
55. 8
14 . 5
1
0
100. 0
. 0
0
1984
59.2
35. 4
7
8
100. 0
. 0
0
1985
54 . 0
36.7
9
8
93.1
6. 9
0
1986
72 4
. 0
34
7
90.3
9.7
0
100. 0
1987
69.7
. 5
27
6
6.8
94 . 9
5.1
0
94 . 9
5.1
1988
76.8
6.2
35
2
44.3
95.3
4 . 7
0
75.2
14 7
10.1
1989
60. 9
15. 4
78
1
21. 0
77 .1
22 . 9
0
58 . 2
1.1
40.7
1990
45.8
45.1
2 . 4
82
1
17 . 9
95. 0
5.0
0
28 . 6
5. 9
65.5
1991
42 . 4
45.0
3.1
87
5
12 . 5
97 . 3
2 . 7
0
15.1
5.2
79.6
1992
49.3
38 . 0
. 1
100
0
97 . 7
2 . 3
0
37 . 7
. 5
61. 9
1993
32 . 6
63. 9
. 8
93
4
6 . 6
93. 8
6.2
0
14 . 6
2 . 0
83.3
1994
29.2
61. 6
100
0
98 . 4
1. 6
0
83.3
16.7
1995
30.7
69.3
100
0
55.1
44.9
0
5.8
94 . 2
1996
31. 0
67 . 5
100
0
44.4
55.6
0
15. 4
CD
2 . 4
1997
27 . 9
12.1
100
0
45.3
54 . 7
0
11. 3
84 . 8
4 . 0
1. 4
1998
24 3
75 . 7
100
0
36.7
63.3
0
1. 2
77 . 8
21. 0
17 . 9
1999
22 . 7
77 . 1
100
0
36.7
63.3
0
1. 2
70. 9
27 . 9
22 . 7
2000
25. 4
74.4
100
0
32 . 0
67 . 6
3
69.0
31. 0
23.7
2001
27 . 7
71 . 9
100
0
39. 9
59.4
7
3.7
56.7
39.6
32 . 9
2002
27 . 5
72 . 2
100
0
59.5
40.3
2
2 . 9
72 1
25.1
30.3
2003
17 . 1
82 . 9
100
0
64 . 4
34 . 6
1
0
9.4
1. 9
65. 9
22 . 7
33.2
2004
17 . 2
82 . 7
100
0
54 . 7
28 . 6
16
7
6.8
73.5
19.6
40.8
2005
14 . 2
78.8
7 . 0
100
0
42 . 3
37 . 4
20
4
1. 3
6.5
83.1
9.1
39.1
2006
13.3
81. 5
5.2
100
0
41. 0
36. 8
22
2
3.6
4 . 9
88 . 3
3.2
59.6
2007
13.7
79.8
6 . 6
99
9
. 1
42 . 0
41.1
16
9
. 9
1. 9
96.7
. 5
51. 5
2008
12 . 7
85.5
1. 8
2.0 98
0
. 1
39.2
45.5
15
3
9 9.6
. 4
45.8
EPA4 20-R-08-015
H-3
September 2008
-------
Table H-4 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Front Drive Vans
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1981
1
. 003
17 . 9
13. 8
17 . 5
15.2
4115
318
135
13.7
111
425
. 0329
31. 3
1983
0
. 002
39.0
33.5
32 . 3
32 . 9
2250
97
52
18 3
93
536
. 0231
37 . 2
1984
151
. 223
24 . 7
19.6
23.1
21. 0
3340
143
97
15.3
104
680
. 0293
35.3
1985
260
. 304
23.7
18 9
21. 9
20.1
3422
148
100
15.2
104
681
. 0294
34 . 5
1986
255
.244
24 . 4
19.2
22 . 8
20.7
3442
150
100
15. 4
104
6 6 9
. 0291
35.7
1987
307
. 275
24 . 6
19.1
23.1
20.8
3503
163
122
13. 6
111
741
. 0347
36. 4
1988
411
. 363
24 .1
18 3
23.1
20.3
3714
173
133
13.2
114
765
. 0359
37 . 7
1989
439
. 344
24 .1
18 4
22 . 8
20.2
3724
168
131
13.5
113
776
. 0350
37 . 7
1990
590
.468
23. 9
17 . 9
23. 0
20.0
3828
184
135
13.3
113
733
. 0354
38 . 4
1991
395
. 382
23. 8
17 . 9
22 . 5
19. 9
3919
186
136
13.5
113
727
. 0346
38 . 9
1992
554
.454
23. 8
17 . 6
22 . 7
19.8
3894
187
138
13.2
114
742
. 0355
38 . 6
1993
718
.498
23. 8
17 . 4
22 . 9
19.8
3838
188
143
12 . 7
116
763
. 0373
37 . 9
1994
741
. 523
23.5
17 . 1
22 . 5
19.5
3902
193
145
12 . 7
116
755
. 0373
38 .1
1995
1019
. 613
23.5
16. 9
22 . 8
19.5
3889
206
146
12 . 6
117
722
. 0375
37 . 9
1996
1040
.738
23.5
16.7
22 . 7
19.4
4061
202
166
11. 8
122
824
. 0409
39.4
1997
819
. 647
23.5
16.7
22 . 7
19.4
4048
195
161
12 . 0
120
832
. 0400
39.2
1998
1166
.783
23. 8
16.7
23.1
19.6
4025
201
173
11. 3
124
864
. 0431
39.4
1999
1112
.760
23.5
16.4
22 . 9
19.3
4147
204
175
11. 4
124
863
. 0423
40.0
2000
1363
.806
23. 8
16.5
23. 0
19.4
4168
202
178
11. 4
124
888
. 0427
40.5
2001
854
.693
24 . 3
16.7
23.3
19.8
4242
201
189
10. 9
128
946
. 0447
42 . 0
2002
1048
.843
24 . 0
16.5
22 . 9
19.5
4318
207
197
10.8
129
959
. 0458
42 .1
2003
1029
. 835
24 . 4
16.6
23.2
19.7
4293
209
199
10.6
130
955
. 0464
42 . 3
2004
825
.866
24 . 3
16.3
23. 4
19.6
4428
212
212
10.4
133
1
007
. 0480
43.5
2005
1321
.892
24 . 4
16.3
23.3
19.6
4392
212
208
10.5
132
984
. 0474
43.2
2006
1047
.898
24 . 7
16.5
23.7
19. 9
4424
213
210
10.4
132
992
. 0475
44.1
2007
821
. 936
24 . 6
16.3
23.5
19.8
4430
218
224
9. 9
136
1
034
. 0506
43. 9
2008
825
. 925
24 . 9
16.6
23. 8
20.0
4520
216
220
10.4
134
1
020
. 0487
45.4
Percent of Front Drive Vans:
MODEL TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING VEHICLE SIZE NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL SMALL MID LARGE TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID
1981
100. 0
0
100
0
. 0
1983
33.3
100. 0
100
0
0
. 0
1984
25.1
5
6
1. 3
11
0
89
0
. 0
1985
12 . 4
4
4
. 1
6
7
93
3
. 0
1986
8 . 7
6
1
. 1
9
0
91
0
. 0
1987
5.5
54
1
51. 6
. 2
8
4
91
6
. 0
1988
3.0
78
4
79.2
20.8
2
9
97
1
. 0
1989
2 . 6
58
8
72 7
27 . 3
2
2
97
8
. 0
1990
1. 9
96
7
67 . 9
32 .1
2
9
97
1
. 0
1991
. 2
99
8
70.5
29.5
1
6
98
4
. 0
1992
2 . 4
97
6
82 . 0
i—1
CO
o
6
1
93
9
. 0
1993
1. 6
98
4
CO
CO
CO
11 . 2
1
7
98
3
. 0
1994
. 6
99
4
90. 8
9.2
1
0
99
0
. 0
99
7
. 3
1995
. 1
99
9
93.2
6.8
2
99
7
. 2
96
7
3.3
1996
100
0
100. 0
1
99
9
. 0
94
4
5.6
1997
100
0
100. 0
0
99
8
. 2
92
5
7 . 5
1998
100
0
100. 0
0
100
0
. 0
88
0
12 . 0
1999
100
0
100. 0
0
99
9
. 1
83
6
16.4
10.8
2000
100
0
100. 0
0
99
9
. 1
73
2
26.8
18 . 6
2001
100
0
100. 0
0
100
0
. 0
67
4
32 . 6
24 . 5
2002
100
0
100. 0
0
99
9
. 1
6 6
3
33.7
24 . 7
2003
100
0
100. 0
0
99
6
. 4
69
1
30. 9
23.5
2004
100
0
100. 0
0
100
0
. 0
42
7
57 . 3
50.1
2005
97
0 3.0
100. 0
0
100
0
. 0
62
0
38 . 0
26.2
2006
96
6 3.4
100. 0
0
100
0
. 0
51
8
48.2
38 . 6
2007
97
9 2.1
100. 0
0
100
0
. 0
48
6
51. 4
49.3
2008
100
0
100. 0
0
100
0
. 0
23
9
76.1
45.2
EPA4 20-R-08-015
H-4
September 2008
-------
Table H-5
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Rear Drive Vans
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
457
1
000
13.1
10.6
11. 9
11 . 1
4196
317
143
13. 9
113
.448
. 0341
23. 8
1976
502
1
000
13. 9
11.1
12 . 8
11 . 8
4200
324
146
13.7
114
.447
. 0347
25.2
1977
514
1
000
14 . 7
11. 9
13.3
12 . 5
4252
332
152
13.3
116
.458
. 0359
26. 9
1978
625
1
000
14 . 2
11. 6
12 . 7
12 .1
424 9
329
149
13. 4
115
.453
. 0351
26.1
1979
480
1
000
13.5
11.1
12 .1
11. 5
4541
322
144
14 6
111
.451
. 0317
26.5
1980
242
1
000
16.6
13.3
15. 4
14 1
4353
288
130
15.2
108
.459
. 0299
31. 0
1981
244
997
17 . 5
14 0
16.0
14 8
4325
284
129
15.3
108
.458
. 0298
32 . 3
1982
310
1
000
17 . 3
13. 9
15. 9
14 7
4342
287
132
15.2
109
.463
. 0303
32 . 3
1983
382
998
17 . 7
14 1
16.5
15.1
4418
295
136
15. 0
109
.466
. 0307
33.7
1984
525
111
17 . 7
14 0
16.6
15.1
4286
280
134
14 8
110
.497
. 0311
32 . 9
1985
593
693
18 . 0
14 3
16.8
15.3
4222
275
142
14 0
112
. 533
. 0335
32 . 9
1986
776
743
19.5
15.3
18 4
16.6
4198
255
137
14 2
111
. 559
. 0327
35.1
1987
786
705
19.6
15.2
18 7
16.6
4169
253
151
13.1
116
. 622
. 0362
34 . 9
1988
713
630
19.8
15.1
19.0
16.7
4256
262
155
12 . 9
117
. 615
. 0366
35.7
1989
829
649
19.8
15. 0
19.1
16.7
4239
257
155
13. 0
117
. 627
. 0366
35.7
1990
589
467
19.3
14 5
18 6
16.2
4369
270
162
12 . 8
118
. 619
. 0372
35. 6
1991
526
509
20.1
15. 0
19.3
16.8
4305
249
157
12 . 9
117
. 664
. 0366
36. 4
1992
600
491
19.8
14 7
19.0
16.6
4360
256
163
12 . 7
118
. 664
. 0375
36.3
1993
658
456
20.2
14 9
19.5
16. 9
4350
249
166
12 . 5
119
.692
. 0383
36. 8
1994
585
413
19.5
14 3
18 6
16.2
4439
268
176
12 .1
122
.669
. 0397
36.1
1995
492
296
19.0
13. 9
18 0
15.7
4535
289
186
11. 7
124
. 660
. 0414
35. 8
1996
336
239
19.2
13. 9
18 2
15. 9
4560
273
185
11. 9
123
.691
. 0406
36.3
1997
387
306
19.8
14 2
18 8
16.3
4579
269
200
11. 2
128
.748
. 0436
37 . 3
1998
274
184
19.5
13. 9
18 5
16.0
4759
280
209
11.1
129
.750
. 0441
38 .1
1999
311
213
18 . 9
13.5
17 . 8
15.5
4822
285
208
11. 3
128
.731
. 0431
37 . 3
2000
282
167
19.1
13. 6
17 . 8
15. 6
4718
283
208
11.1
129
.735
.0440
36. 9
2001
272
221
18 . 9
13.3
17 . 9
15. 4
4958
290
225
10.8
132
.77 9
. 0454
38 . 3
2002
157
126
18 . 7
13.2
17 . 2
15.1
4807
284
213
11. 0
130
.752
. 0445
36.5
2003
141
114
19.4
13. 6
17 . 7
15. 6
4930
283
218
11.1
130
.767
. 0441
38 . 6
2004
81
085
20.1
13. 9
18 5
16.2
4 947
281
221
10. 9
131
.785
.0448
39. 9
2005
79
054
19. 9
13. 8
18 2
16.0
4846
277
214
11.1
129
.769
. 0442
38 . 6
2006
6 6
057
19.4
13. 4
17 . 7
15. 6
5139
281
225
11.1
130
.800
. 0438
40.0
2007
28
032
20.0
13. 8
18 3
16.1
5166
278
220
11. 5
128
.786
. 0424
41. 5
2008
32
036
19.6
13. 6
17 . 9
15. 8
5480
298
256
10.7
135
.848
. 0462
43.2
Percent of Rear Drive Vans:
MODEL TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING VEHICLE SIZE NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL SMALL MID LARGE TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID
1975
23.3
. 2
4
66.1
33. 6
1976
20.5
. 3
3
61. 4
38 . 3
1977
14 . 3
. 4
4
61. 0
38 . 6
1978
13. 0
. 4
4
63. 8
35. 8
1979
14 . 8
6.8
1. 8
1
8
65.1
33.1
1980
26.0
39.0
6.5
6
5
53. 8
39.7
1981
21. 7
46.8
4 . 6
4
6
56.1
39.3
1982
15.7
45.8
3.0
1. 8
4
8
58 . 0
37 . 2
1983
12 . 0
59.4
3.5
4 . 4
3
6
60.2
36.2
1984
12 . 7
57 .1
8 . 6
4 . 0
1. 2
12
6
54 . 3
33.1
1985
8 . 4
66.5
9.1
4 . 2
. 4
12
3
60.3
27 . 4
1986
6. 9
78.8
29.4
21. 9
. 5
8
5
70. 9
20.6
1987
5.1
74.1
43.0
42 . 8
. 1
10
0
12. 2
17 . 8
1988
3.1
79.6
43.5
56. 0
. 2
4
9
75. 9
19.2
1989
2 . 5
86.3
49.9
50. 0
. 1
2
2
80.7
17 . 1
1990
1. 0
90. 4
44.4
55. 4
. 1
1
1
80.6
18 . 2
1991
1. 5
94 . 3
53.1
46.7
. 1
8
84 8
14 . 4
1992
. 7
95.2
60.3
39.6
. 1
0
84 5
15.5
1993
. 8
95. 6
66.3
33.7
0
83. 8
16.2
1994
. 3
94 . 7
6 6.6
33. 4
0
80. 9
19.1
97 . 4
1995
94 . 4
71 6
28 . 4
0
79.2
20.8
96.7
1996
93.2
100. 0
0
67 . 4
32 . 6
94 . 7
1997
98 . 6
100. 0
0
64 . 4
35. 6
9 6.9
1998
100. 0
100. 0
0
51. 8
48.2
97 . 7
1999
100. 0
100. 0
0
45.4
54 . 6
100. 0
2000
100. 0
100. 0
0
40.5
59.5
100. 0
2001
100. 0
100. 0
0
19.8
80.2
100. 0
2002
100. 0
100. 0
0
29.3
70.7
100. 0
2003
100. 0
100. 0
0
29.4
70.6
100. 0
2004
100. 0
100. 0
0
31. 4
6 8.6
100. 0
2005
100. 0
100. 0
0
35.1
64 . 9
100. 0
2006
100. 0
100. 0
0
. 0
100. 0
100. 0
2007
100. 0
100. 0
0
. 0
100. 0
100. 0
2008
100. 0
100. 0
0
25. 6
74.4
100. 0
.2 2.4
3.3
3.2 2.1
2.2 .9
2 . 3
EPA4 20-R-08-015
H-5
September 2008
-------
Table H-6 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Four Wheel Drive Vans
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1985
3
. 003
25. 0
19.2
24 8
21. 4
3000
122
88
14 9
103
721
. 0293
32 . 0
1986
13
. 013
25.1
19.1
24 8
21. 4
3000
122
88
14 9
103
721
. 0293
32 . 0
1987
21
. 019
24 . 2
19.0
22 . 4
20.5
3459
128
94
15. 8
102
739
. 0276
35. 6
1988
9
. 008
26.2
20.0
25.1
22 .1
3378
125
97
15.2
104
111
. 0289
37 . 2
1989
9
. 007
23. 4
17 . 9
22 . 0
19.6
3567
135
106
15.1
105
781
. 0299
35.1
1990
83
. 066
20.1
15.2
19.1
16. 9
4050
202
151
12 . 7
117
765
. 0375
34 . 2
1991
113
.109
20.6
15.5
19.6
17 . 2
4076
200
152
12 . 6
117
778
. 0374
35.1
1992
67
. 055
20.3
15.1
19.3
16. 9
4409
212
161
12 . 9
117
11 A
. 0366
37 . 2
1993
65
. 045
20.3
15. 0
19.5
16. 9
4571
229
174
12 . 5
120
765
. 0381
38 . 7
1994
91
. 064
20.7
15.1
19. 9
17 . 2
4408
219
169
12 . 4
120
781
. 0383
37 . 8
1995
150
.091
21. 7
15.7
20. 9
18 0
4209
208
159
12 . 5
118
775
. 0378
37 . 8
1996
33
. 023
20.0
14 5
19.0
16.5
4727
244
177
12 . 6
120
735
. 0375
39.0
1997
59
. 047
20.0
14 3
19.0
16.4
4693
243
179
12 . 4
120
741
. 0380
38 . 6
1998
48
. 032
20.2
14 4
19.3
16.6
4713
238
180
12 . 4
121
762
. 0382
39.2
1999
40
. 027
20.4
14 4
19.3
16.7
4747
250
186
12 .1
122
745
. 0393
39.6
2000
46
. 027
20.5
14 5
19.2
16.7
4764
252
181
12 . 4
120
717
. 0380
39. 9
2001
107
. 087
17 . 3
12 .1
16.5
14 2
5614
300
241
11. 3
130
805
. 0428
40.0
2002
38
. 030
19.8
13. 8
18 8
16.1
4772
240
195
11. 7
125
824
. 0411
39.1
2003
62
. 050
20.7
14 3
19.5
16.8
4839
239
202
11. 6
126
854
. 0416
41. 0
2004
47
. 049
21. 6
14 8
20.1
17 . 4
4731
228
222
10.5
133
994
. 0471
41. 4
2005
81
. 055
22 . 4
15. 4
20.6
18 0
4645
206
213
10.7
131
1
051
. 0460
41. 9
2006
53
. 045
22 . 7
15.5
20. 9
18 2
4 6 6 9
205
214
10.7
131
1
052
. 0459
42 . 5
2007
28
. 032
22 . 9
15.7
20. 9
18 3
4676
211
234
10.0
137
1
128
. 0501
42 . 8
2008
35
. 039
22 .1
15.1
20.3
17 . 7
4697
231
272
8 . 8
148
1
198
. 0581
41. 5
Percent of Four Wheel Drive Vans:
MODEL TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING VEHICLE SIZE NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL SMALL MID LARGE TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID
1985
100. 0
100
0
0
0
1986
100. 0
100
0
0
0
1987
77 .1
22 . 9
67 . 5
100
0
0
0
1988
89.7
10.3
100. 0
100
0
0
0
1989
61. 4
37 . 2
100. 0
82
6
17
4
0
1990
3.2
92 . 5
85.0 15.0
8
4
91
6
0
1991
4 . 5
95. 4
CO
CJ1
<£>
1—1
1—1
3
8
96
2
0
1992
3.3
96.7
1—1
1—1
CO
9
3
90
7
0
1993
. 2
99.5
100. 0
3
99
4
3
1994
. 5
99.5
97.5 2.5
4
0
96
0
0
65
1
31. 7
3.2
1995
. 4
9 9.6
100. 0
2
9
97
1
0
83
0
10. 9
6.2
1996
. 1
9 9.9
100. 0
4
99
6
0
84
7
11. 8
3.6
1997
100. 0
100. 0
0
100
0
0
89
8
8 . 0
2 . 2
1998
100. 0
100. 0
0
100
0
0
82
1
17 . 9
1999
100. 0
100. 0
0
100
0
0
100
0
2000
100. 0
100. 0
0
100
0
0
100
0
2001
100. 0
100. 0
0
28
9
71
1
100
0
2002
100. 0
100. 0
0
100
0
0
100
0
2003
100. 0
100. 0
0
88
4
11
6
100
0
2004
100. 0
100. 0
0
90
7
9
3
44
4
55.6
2005
55.2 44.8
100. 0
0
95
2
4
8
25
2
74.8
2006
62.4 37 . 6
100. 0
0
92
4
7
6
23
1
76. 9
2007
43.3 56.7
100. 0
0
85
6
14
4
14
4
85. 6
2008
100. 0
100. 0
0
82
8
17
2
17
2
82 . 8
55.6
30. 0
39.3
28 . 9
52 . 6
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
H-6
September 2008
-------
Table H-7 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Front Drive SUVs
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1994
9
. 005
20.4
15.5
i—1
CD
i—1
CD
4000
183
160
12 . 0
120
871
. 0401
33. 6
1995
0
. 000
25. 6
18 8
23.5
21. 0
3500
122
94
16.0
102
770
. 0269
36.7
1996
18
. 010
30. 6
22 . 4
27 . 9
24 9
2947
122
120
11 . 7
116
984
. 0408
36.7
1997
30
. 012
29.7
21. 7
26.6
24 0
2987
122
120
11. 8
116
984
. 0402
35. 9
1998
47
. 018
29.1
21. 2
25. 8
23. 4
3204
121
125
12 .1
116
1
035
. 0394
37 . 4
1999
75
. 027
27 . 5
19. 9
24 4
22 .1
3466
139
161
10.8
126
1
148
. 0459
38 . 2
2000
79
. 025
26.8
19.3
23. 8
21. 5
3561
145
170
10.6
128
1
163
. 0471
38 . 2
2001
476
. 138
24 . 8
17 . 2
23.2
20.1
3960
190
188
10.4
130
1
018
. 047 9
39.7
2002
395
.094
26.3
18 2
24 2
21.1
3658
165
180
10.2
131
1
099
. 04 93
38 . 6
2003
473
. 115
26.5
18 3
24 2
21. 2
3636
163
177
10.3
130
1
088
. 0487
38 . 5
2004
579
. 123
26.0
17 . 7
24 0
20.8
3821
182
192
10.1
133
1
062
. 0504
39.7
2005
698
. 171
26.3
18 0
23.7
20. 9
3764
175
187
10.1
132
1
069
. 04 96
39.3
2006
738
.196
26.6
18 1
24 0
21.1
3873
178
189
10.2
131
1
069
. 0488
41. 0
2007
981
. 230
26.4
18 0
24 1
21. 0
3961
180
207
9.8
136
1
146
. 0518
41. 7
2008
1270
.261
26.7
18 0
24 5
21. 2
4034
182
211
9.7
136
1
161
. 0520
42 . 8
Percent of Front Drive SUVs:
MODEL TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING VEHICLE SIZE NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL SMALL MID LARGE TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID
1994
54 . 8
45
2
100. 0
0
100
0
0
26
2
73.8
1995
100. 0
100. 0
0
100
0
0
100
0
1996
23.2
76
8
100. 0
100
0
0
0
100. 0
1997
27 .1
72
9
100. 0
100
0
0
0
100. 0
1998
13. 0
87
0
100. 0
59
1
40
9
0
100. 0
1999
5.8
94
2
100. 0
36
5
63
5
0
100. 0
29.7
2000
3.2
96
8
100. 0
27
2
72
8
0
100. 0
39.4
2001
3.7
96
3
100. 0
8
5
84
1
7
4
45
5
54 . 5
23. 0
2002
6.1
93
7
3
100. 0
18
1
72
2
9
7
18
1
81. 9
43.1
2003
7 . 3
82
4
10
3
100. 0
11
4
83
6
5
0
7
6
92 . 4
42 . 5
2004
5.1
88
0
6
9
100. 0
6
9
83
8
9
3
13
8
86.2
51. 0
2005
4 .1
90
7
5
2
100. 0
5
8
71
8
22
4
17
4
82 . 6
37 .1
. 6
2006
2 . 8
89
2
8
0
100. 0
0
75
4
24
6
9
1
90. 9
46.6
3.8
2007
1. 6
90
3
8
0
100. 0
0
69
0
31
0
10
5
89.5
57 . 8
2 . 7
2008
2 . 0
87
0
11
0
2.1 97 . 9
0
67
9
32
1
8
8
91. 2
65. 4
1. 8
EPA4 20-R-08-015
H-7
September 2008
-------
Table H-8 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Rear Drive SUVs
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
30
. 159
13.3
10.6
12 . 5
11. 3
4374
324
148
13. 8
113
.452
. 0335
25.1
1976
36
.147
13.2
10.3
12 . 6
11. 2
4423
326
145
14 1
112
.445
. 0327
25.5
1977
49
. 175
14 . 6
11. 6
13.5
12 . 4
4379
317
146
13. 9
113
.461
. 0332
27 . 7
1978
44
. 115
13. 8
10. 9
13. 0
11. 8
4410
316
147
13.7
113
.470
. 0334
26.4
1979
123
. 307
11. 6
9.7
9. 9
9.8
4915
344
144
15. 6
109
.430
. 0292
24 . 2
1980
21
. 112
14 . 5
11. 4
13. 6
12 . 3
5039
341
161
14 2
113
.472
. 0321
31.1
1981
13
.096
16.0
12 . 8
14 7
13. 6
4895
326
162
13. 9
114
.497
. 0330
33.3
1982
33
.205
20.4
16.3
19.0
17 . 4
4138
267
126
14 8
109
.492
. 0313
36. 0
1983
56
.193
21.1
16.6
19. 9
18 0
3921
237
122
14 5
108
. 548
. 0316
35. 6
1984
93
. 150
19.8
15.3
19.3
16. 9
4112
247
128
14 5
109
.549
. 0313
35.1
1985
144
.196
20.1
15. 4
20.1
17 . 2
4033
237
128
14 3
109
. 571
. 0318
35. 0
1986
107
. 139
19.6
15. 0
19.1
16.6
4142
248
139
13.7
112
. 603
. 0338
34 . 5
1987
140
.161
20.6
15.5
20.5
17 . 5
4074
232
151
12 . 7
117
. 676
. 0372
35. 4
1988
158
.163
20.7
15.5
20.4
17 . 5
4064
244
155
12 . 3
118
. 662
. 0387
35.3
1989
161
. 174
20.6
15. 4
20.2
17 . 4
4078
262
163
11. 9
121
. 641
. 0405
35.3
1990
114
.161
20.0
14 9
19.5
16.8
4290
264
170
12 . 0
121
.666
. 0400
35.7
1991
256
. 234
21. 2
15. 9
20.1
17 . 7
3918
228
151
12 . 5
118
. 674
. 0384
34 . 6
1992
277
. 277
20. 9
15. 6
19.7
17 . 4
3882
221
158
12 . 0
120
.726
. 0406
33.7
1993
531
.405
20.1
14 8
19.3
16.7
3994
247
181
11. 0
127
.745
. 0453
33. 4
1994
379
. 234
20. 9
15. 4
19.8
17 . 4
3990
230
170
11. 5
124
.761
. 0427
34 . 4
1995
377
.208
20.3
14 8
19.3
16.8
4179
240
168
12 . 0
122
.728
. 0406
35. 0
1996
529
.280
20.6
14 8
19.6
17 . 0
4199
241
180
11. 4
125
.769
. 0430
35. 6
1997
6 6 6
. 272
20.7
15. 0
19.5
17 . 0
4222
240
186
11.1
126
.800
.0440
35. 8
1998
701
. 271
20.6
14 8
19.4
16. 9
4223
247
190
10. 9
128
.792
. 0450
35. 6
1999
896
. 317
20.0
14 2
18 8
16.4
4455
263
203
10.8
129
.793
. 0454
36.3
2000
954
. 304
20.3
14 4
18 9
16.5
4360
248
198
10. 9
129
. 818
. 0453
36. 0
2001
902
.261
20.5
14 6
18 8
16.6
4382
244
209
10.4
132
. 878
. 0476
36.2
2002
1124
.268
20.1
14 0
18 7
16.3
4626
256
229
10.1
136
. 905
. 04 96
37 . 6
2003
1042
. 253
19.7
13.7
18 4
16.0
4 901
270
244
10.0
138
. 911
. 0501
39.0
2004
1064
. 226
19. 9
13.7
18 5
16.0
4874
274
250
9.8
140
. 919
. 0516
38 . 9
2005
743
.182
20.1
13.7
18 8
16.2
4 97 9
273
262
9.6
142
. 967
. 0527
40.3
2006
635
.169
20.4
13. 9
19.2
16.5
4869
264
255
9.7
141
. 973
. 0524
40.0
2007
728
. 170
20.7
14 1
19.5
16.7
5176
282
272
9.6
143
. 968
. 0528
43.3
2008
708
.145
21. 2
14 3
20.1
17 . 1
5044
276
276
9.4
145
1. 005
. 0548
43.1
Percent of Rear Drive SUVs:
MODEL TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING VEHICLE SIZE NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL SMALL MID LARGE TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID
1975
33. 4
21.1
47 . 9
31 1
1976
35. 8
23. 6
41 . 7
34 7
1977
42 . 3
30.3
41.1
28 . 6
1978
46.4
30.1
37 . 4
32 5
1979
19. 9
1
8
10.8
14 7
74.5
1980
14 9
84
2
0
. 0
20.4
79.6
1981
2 . 3
97
7
. 0
19.6
80.4
1982
1. 7
60
7
23.5
32 . 9
20.7
46.4
1983
11. 6
63
9
11 4
22 . 6
39.5
38 0
1984
11. 5
74
6
5.6
3.3
60.3
36. 4
1985
9.7
78
8
3.3
2 5
. 0
72 6
27 4
1986
10.0
86
0
. 0
47 . 9
2 3
. 0
63. 4
36.5
1987
9.6
87
6
22 .1
70.4
9
16.3
57 . 8
25. 9
1988
17 . 0
81
3
33.3
65. 6
7
24 3
49.8
25. 8
1989
19.5
78
5
29. 9
68 . 6
6
21. 4
52 . 7
25. 9
1990
20. 9
73
9
38 . 5
57 . 8
7
23.7
40.2
36.2
1991
20.0
79
2
45.3
53.7
3
18 3
72 0
9.8
1992
22 . 5
77
5
63. 6
35.3
17 . 4
73.8
8 8
1993
10.2
89
8
83. 0
16.4
9.1
82 . 3
8 6
1994
17 . 6
75
8
78.4
21. 6
16.3
68 . 9
14 . 8
91. 6
8 . 4
1995
15.2
84
8
77 . 5
22 . 5
6.7
76.1
17 1
88 . 8
11. 2
1996
10.2
89
8
100. 0
4 . 4
84 . 5
11 1
74.8
25.2
1997
11. 5
85
2
100. 0
11. 4
6 6.3
22 3
6 6.6
33. 4
1998
6.8
93
2
100. 0
7 . 9
63.1
28 . 9
74.5
5.6
19.8
1999
4 . 4
95
6
100. 0
4 . 3
56.2
39.5
76.1
4 . 0
19. 9
2000
3.6
96
4
100. 0
11. 5
54 . 3
34 2
75.5
3.8
20.7
. 6
2001
3.4
96
6
100. 0
11. 6
46.7
41. 7
74.4
25. 6
5.1
2002
2 . 3
97
7
100. 0
3. 9
35.3
60. 8
63.2
36. 8
13.5
2003
1. 0
99
0
100. 0
. 6
36.3
63.1
64 . 6
35. 4
19.5
2004
1.1
98
9
100. 0
. 9
35.1
64 0
59.3
40.7
27 . 5
2005
. 8
99
2
100. 0
. 7
32 . 2
67 2
46.0
9.0
45.0
42 . 9
2006
1.1
98
9
100. 0
. 0
44.2
55. 8
38 . 2
11.1
50.7
52 . 5
2007
. 7
99
3
100. 0
0
1. 8
28 9
69.3
58 . 6
9.2
32 . 3
37 . 5
2008
. 9
98
6 .5
99.1
9
2 . 3
35.7
62 0
52 . 7
5.1
42 . 2
33. 6
EPA4 20-R-08-015
H-8
September 2008
-------
Table H-9 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Four Wheel Drive SUVs
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
157
.841
12 . 9
10.6
11. 5
11. 0
4169
329
145
13.2
115
440
. 0361
22 . 6
1976
208
. 853
13. 9
11. 3
12 . 5
11. 8
4293
337
140
14 0
112
412
. 0332
25.1
1977
234
. 825
15.2
12 . 3
13.7
12 . 9
4200
335
143
13.5
113
425
. 0345
26. 9
1978
336
.885
14 . 5
11. 7
13.2
12 . 3
4251
342
149
13.2
115
433
. 0353
26.0
1979
278
.693
13. 0
10.8
11. 4
11.1
4329
325
143
13. 9
113
442
. 0336
23. 9
1980
164
.888
15.7
12 . 6
14 2
13.3
4135
289
127
14 8
108
451
. 0306
27 . 6
1981
123
. 904
16. 9
13.5
15. 6
14 4
4134
286
128
14 5
109
456
. 0313
29.8
1982
129
.795
17 . 0
13. 6
15. 8
14 5
4403
300
130
15.1
108
443
. 0300
32 . 7
1983
233
.807
18 . 6
14 6
17 . 8
15. 9
4188
257
124
15.1
107
513
. 0300
33. 8
1984
531
. 850
19.2
15.1
18 2
16.3
3979
223
119
15.1
107
561
. 0299
33. 0
1985
592
.804
19.7
15. 4
19.1
16.8
4014
210
120
15.1
107
594
. 0297
34 . 2
1986
6 6 6
.861
20.3
15. 9
19.3
17 . 2
3885
200
125
14 2
110
6 6 6
. 0323
33. 8
1987
733
. 839
20.7
16.0
19.7
17 . 5
3795
204
134
13. 4
113
688
. 0352
33.3
1988
810
. 837
20.4
15.7
19.3
17 . 2
3819
214
141
12 . 9
115
691
. 0370
32 . 9
1989
765
. 826
19.8
15.2
18 7
16.7
4005
237
153
12 . 5
118
671
. 0385
33. 6
1990
594
. 839
19.8
15. 0
18 8
16.6
3998
226
151
12 . 6
117
701
. 0381
33.1
1991
839
.766
20.1
15.1
19.2
16.8
4117
230
160
12 . 3
119
712
. 0391
34 . 7
1992
726
.723
19.5
14 5
18 6
16.3
4162
232
168
11. 9
122
741
. 0409
33. 9
1993
780
.595
19.7
14 6
18 7
16.4
4267
239
177
11. 6
124
761
. 0421
35. 0
1994
1235
.761
19.4
14 4
18 3
16.1
4278
240
179
11. 6
124
763
. 0422
34 . 5
1995
1439
.792
19.4
14 3
18 2
16.0
4275
241
178
11. 6
124
761
. 0420
34 . 3
1996
1343
.711
19.7
14 3
18 7
16.3
4335
258
188
11. 3
126
744
. 0436
35.3
1997
1754
.716
19.8
14 3
18 5
16.2
4392
250
187
11. 4
125
770
. 0426
35. 6
1998
1833
.710
19.7
14 2
18 6
16.2
4414
249
188
11. 4
126
781
. 0428
35. 8
1999
1859
. 657
20.0
14 3
18 6
16.3
4411
241
197
11. 0
128
847
.0448
36. 0
2000
2110
. 671
19.8
14 1
18 3
16.1
4536
247
202
11. 0
128
842
.0446
36.5
2001
2072
. 601
20.2
14 4
18 5
16.4
4472
232
208
10.6
131
930
. 0466
36. 6
2002
2671
. 637
20.2
14 2
18 6
16.3
4585
238
224
10.2
135
962
.0489
37 . 4
2003
2602
. 632
20.5
14 3
19.0
16.6
4672
239
227
10.2
135
978
. 0487
38 . 6
2004
3069
. 651
20.6
14 2
19.1
16.6
4703
245
237
10.0
137
989
. 0503
38 . 9
2005
2643
. 647
21. 0
14 4
19.4
16. 9
4676
236
238
9. 9
138
1
026
. 0508
39.5
2006
2384
. 634
21. 5
14 8
19.7
17 . 2
4670
230
236
9. 9
137
1
038
. 0504
40.5
2007
2566
. 600
22 .1
15.1
20.3
17 . 7
4710
234
249
9.7
140
1
083
. 0525
41. 8
2008
2887
.593
22 . 6
15.5
20.8
18 1
4684
227
248
9.6
140
1
110
. 0525
42 . 5
Percent of Four Wheel Drive SUVs:
MODEL TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING VEHICLE SIZE NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL SMALL MID LARGE TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
1975
42 . 9
30. 0
69.1
9
1976
33. 6
24 7
73.5
1 8
1977
34 . 6
24 3
74.3
1 4
1978
32 . 8
23.1
75.3
1 6
1979
39.2
3
32 . 8
60. 9
6.3
1980
47 . 2
18 . 8
2 6
37 . 0
58 . 7
4 3
1981
45.0
35.1
34 . 7
62 . 4
2 9
1982
37 . 0
37 . 4
13.2
24 5
70.7
4 8
1983
37 . 0
48.2
5.6
18 3
77 . 7
4 0
1984
32 . 5
37 . 4
1 7
26.7
70.5
2 8
1985
32 . 3
55.6
4 . 8
1.1
1 2
19.5
77 . 5
3.0
1986
41. 7
50. 9
27 . 8
22 .1
1 4
26.5
70.6
2 9
1987
42 .1
48.5
35.1
36.3
3
31. 6
65. 6
2 8
1988
3 6.6
55.3
50.2
31.1
2
30. 8
65.7
3.5
1989
27 . 5
63. 8
49.5
42 . 9
2
25.3
70.5
4 2
1990
31. 3
65. 0
60. 9
33.3
2
27 . 4
67 . 5
5.2
1991
22 . 4
76.0
63. 9
35.5
1
10.6
85. 9
3.5
1992
22 . 4
76.7
76.7
23.3
11.1
81. 9
7 0
1993
20.2
78.8
87 . 5
12 . 5
12 . 2
77 . 1
10.7
1994
15. 9
84 .1
88 . 5
11. 5
10.2
80.6
9.2
86.0
5
6
8 . 4
1995
15.3
84 . 7
87 . 8
12 . 2
11. 4
77 . 1
11 5
83.2
16.8
1996
6.2
93. 8
100. 0
0
5. 9
80.5
13. 6
88 . 2
11. 8
1997
11. 4
88 . 6
100. 0
0
21. 8
54 . 7
23. 4
80.5
19.5
1998
8 . 5
91. 5
100. 0
12 . 7
63. 4
24 . 0
79.6
20.4
1999
7 . 3
92 . 7
100. 0
13. 4
65.1
21 5
72 . 2
9
26. 9
2000
5.8
94 . 2
100. 0
12 . 7
61. 0
26.2
77 . 7
22 . 3
2001
4 . 8
95.2
100. 0
11. 9
54 . 2
34 0
56.5
1
9
41. 5
2002
4 .1
95.8 .1
100. 0
8 . 9
41. 9
49.1
52 . 4
1
6
46.0
2003
2 . 9
95.3 1.8
100. 0
7 . 8
50.7
41. 4
45.1
1
4
53.5
2004
2 . 8
95.8 1.4
100. 0
0
6.7
53.5
39.7
44.1
6
54 . 7
2005
2 . 6
95.6 1.8
99.7
3
6.4
50.7
42 . 9
36.7
2
7
60.3
2006
2 . 8
92.2 5.0
99.7
3
5.6
53.7
40.7
29.2
5
4
65.2
2007
2 . 6
92.2 5.2
99.8
2
5.8
48.9
45.3
36.2
1
3
62 . 5
2008
2 . 4
90.1 7.5
2.4 97 .1
4
4 . 4
54 . 9
40.7
28 . 4
9
70.7
3.7
2 . 8
14 . 9
25.7
34 . 7
35.3
48.4
. 2
Cn
CO
o
3.0
54 . 7
1 . 4
cn
CO
-J
2 . 2
EPA4 20-R-08-015
H-9
September 2008
-------
Table H-10 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Front Drive Pickup Trucks
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1980
26
. 018
31. 3
24 8
29.4
26
7
2265
94
65
i—1
(jn
CD
99
. 685
. 0286
32 . 0
1981
33
. 023
36. 9
29.1
34 . 8
31
4
2318
99
59
16. 9
96
.592
. 0253
37 .1
1982
32
. 022
33. 0
25. 8
31. 7
28
1
2439
119
72
15.2
101
. 605
. 0295
35.1
1983
31
. 019
31.1
23. 8
31. 0
26
5
2604
133
89
13.5
107
. 665
. 0341
34 . 8
1984
12
. 006
28 .1
21. 2
28 6
24
0
2640
135
90
13.3
107
. 667
. 0342
31. 7
1987
0
. 000
20.0
14 5
21. 4
17
0
4000
249
135
13.7
112
. 542
. 0337
34 .1
1988
0
. 000
20.8
15.2
21. 9
17
7
4000
275
155
12 . 2
119
. 564
. 0387
35. 4
1993
0
. 000
20. 9
14 4
22 . 7
17
6
4500
299
200
10. 9
128
.669
.0444
39.6
Percent of Front Drive Pickup Trucks:
MODEL TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING VEHICLE SIZE NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL SMALL MID LARGE TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID
1980
94
0
57 . 3
42 . 7
100
0
0
0
1981
100
0
27 . 2
CO
C\]
[—
100
0
0
0
1982
77
4
10.7
o
CO
100
0
0
0
1983
55
7
2 . 8
2 . 7
100
0
0
0
1984
71
0
100
0
0
0
1987
100. 0
100. 0
0
0
100
0
1988
100. 0
100. 0
0
0
100
0
1993
100. 0
100. 0
0
0
100
0
EPA4 20-R-08-015
H-10
September 2008
-------
Table H-ll Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Rear Drive Pickup Trucks
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
1161
.865
14 . 5
11. 4
13. 8
12 . 4
3885
299
139
13. 4
114
.499
. 0355
24 . 6
1976
1476
.791
15. 4
12 . 3
14 2
13.1
3948
305
136
13. 8
112
.476
. 0343
26.5
1977
1593
.786
16.8
13.5
15.3
14 2
3928
299
141
13.2
115
. 508
. 0359
28 . 7
1978
1656
.730
16.7
13. 6
15. 0
14 2
3901
291
138
13.3
114
. 506
. 0352
28 . 6
1979
1930
. 874
15.5
12 . 7
13. 8
13.2
4170
291
136
14 3
111
.495
. 0327
28 .1
1980
1108
.771
20.1
16.0
18 6
17 .1
3689
235
117
14 3
108
. 545
. 0318
31. 8
1981
1164
.808
21.1
16.7
19.6
17 . 9
3707
243
117
14 4
108
. 511
. 0316
33.7
1982
1154
.801
22 . 0
17 . 4
20.6
18 7
3595
230
117
14 1
109
. 542
. 0326
34 . 2
1983
1238
.761
22 . 6
17 . 9
21. 3
19.2
3463
210
111
14 3
108
. 564
. 0320
34 . 0
1984
1526
.747
22 .1
17 . 4
20. 9
18 8
3519
212
112
14 4
108
. 562
. 0318
33. 6
1985
1550
.746
21. 9
17 . 3
20.6
18 7
3527
218
121
13. 6
111
. 585
. 0340
33.5
1986
1895
.748
23. 0
18 1
21. 6
19.5
3439
201
117
13. 6
110
. 619
. 0340
33. 9
1987
1598
.745
23.5
18 2
22 . 2
19. 9
3385
195
119
13. 4
111
. 635
. 0348
34 . 0
1988
1760
.716
22 . 5
17 . 3
21. 4
19.0
3578
220
130
13.1
113
. 620
. 0360
34 . 2
1989
1586
.711
22 . 2
16. 9
21. 0
18 7
3633
226
137
12 . 7
115
. 630
. 0373
34 .1
1990
1322
.721
21. 7
16.4
20.7
18 2
3759
236
146
12 . 4
117
. 651
. 0386
34 . 6
1991
1443
.752
22 . 9
17 . 1
21. 8
19.1
3608
222
139
12 . 4
116
. 656
. 0383
34 . 7
1992
1356
.737
21. 9
16.3
21.1
18 3
3810
235
145
12 . 5
117
. 645
. 0380
35.1
1993
1449
.724
22 . 2
16.3
21. 2
18 5
3825
234
150
12 . 2
118
. 668
. 0391
35. 4
1994
1886
.707
22 . 3
16.3
21.1
18 4
3861
235
156
12 . 0
120
.695
. 0403
35. 8
1995
1521
. 670
21. 8
15. 9
20.7
18 0
3960
239
158
12 . 0
120
.703
. 0399
36.1
1996
1382
.707
22 . 0
15. 9
20.8
18 1
3992
235
167
11. 7
122
.744
. 0416
36.5
1997
1574
. 654
21. 9
15.7
20.7
18 0
4123
244
184
11. 2
126
.770
.0440
37 . 3
1998
1574
. 652
22 . 3
15. 9
21. 0
18 2
4021
231
177
11. 3
125
.788
. 0436
36. 9
1999
1392
. 547
21. 5
15.3
20.3
17 . 6
4113
241
186
11. 0
127
.787
.0448
36.3
2000
1610
. 616
21. 6
15.3
20.1
17 . 5
4113
237
190
11. 0
128
. 810
. 0455
36.1
2001
1544
. 613
20.7
14 6
19.2
16.8
4341
252
204
10.7
130
. 818
. 0464
36.5
2002
1373
. 577
20.5
14 5
18 8
16.6
4473
256
214
10.5
132
.841
. 0475
37 . 0
2003
1498
. 606
21. 0
14 7
19.2
16. 9
4 4 45
247
206
10.8
130
.843
. 0459
37 . 5
2004
1345
. 537
20.4
14 2
18 6
16.4
4712
267
234
10.2
136
. 878
. 04 92
38 . 6
2005
1226
. 533
20.4
14 0
18 8
16.4
4752
272
247
9. 9
140
. 910
. 0518
38 . 9
2006
1185
. 542
20. 9
14 4
19.1
16.8
4747
266
241
10.0
138
. 911
. 0507
39.7
2007
1154
. 548
20. 9
14 4
19.3
16.8
4 900
273
252
10.0
139
. 920
. 0511
41.1
2008
1084
. 513
21. 0
14 4
19.4
16. 9
4 982
277
265
9.8
142
. 948
. 0524
42 . 0
Percent of Rear Drive Pickup Trucks:
MODEL TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING VEHICLE SIZE NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL SMALL MID LARGE TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
1975
41. 5
13
8
CO
CO
i—1
1976
40.3
11
7
3.7
84 . 6
1977
39.0
14
9
4 . 3
80.8
1978
40.0
1
6
14
5
4 . 5
80. 9
1979
36.3
1 . 5
2
8
13
7
5.2
81 1
1980
55. 8
23. 4
4
3
28
4
8 . 8
62 8
1981
52 . 6
31. 0
6
2
18
8
11. 2
70.0
1982
49.4
32 . 9
9
8
18
0
26.2
55. 8
1983
53.3
31.1
0
4
3
14
9
41. 5
43.6
1984
52 .1
32 . 9
1. 3
2
7
17
9
37 . 0
45.0
1985
47 . 9
36.2
11. 0
5
7
1
1
21
9
31. 9
46.2
1986
56.7
30. 8
18 6
17
5
6
27
5
34 . 6
37 9
1987
58 . 0
28 . 4
23.7
33
1
3
19
4
52 . 3
28 . 3
1988
51. 5
37 . 9
30.1
48
7
1
11
9
48.1
40.0
1989
52 . 5
41. 5
34 . 0
52
4
1
13
9
45.5
40.7
1990
46.2
49.1
52 . 0
39
6
1
15
0
37 . 8
47 . 2
1991
53.7
44.9
46.1
49
6
1
14
0
51. 5
34 5
1992
48.3
50. 6
57 . 4
38
1
1
11
7
44.6
43.7
1993
45.2
53.7
60. 6
36
5
13
2
42 .1
44.7
1994
42 . 3
56. 4
72 5
26
4
11
5
45.8
42 . 7
99.3
. 7
. 1
1995
45.2
53. 4
72 9
27
1
12
2
38 . 9
48.9
96. 4
3.6
1996
38 . 5
59.6
99.9
1
10
1
43.3
46.6
88 . 3
5.3
6.4
1997
31. 2
68 . 8
100. 0
0
6
6
36.2
57 2
92 . 6
6 . 6
. 9
1998
31. 3
66. 4
100. 0
0
10
0
42 . 2
47 . 9
89.7
10.3
1999
22 . 6
75 . 7
100. 0
8
4
39.2
52 4
91. 6
8 . 4
2000
20.4
78.3
100. 0
6
2
33. 8
59. 9
87 . 7
12 . 3
2001
14 5
84 .1
100. 0
5
3
24 5
70.2
86.2
13. 8
2002
11. 4
87 . 1
100. 0
9
6
19.8
70.6
78.9
21.1
2003
12 . 3
86.2
100. 0
7
9
25.2
67 0
84 . 2
15. 8
2004
8 . 6
89.7
100. 0
7
1
16.3
76.6
69.8
8 . 2
22 . 0
2005
7 . 2
92 . 8
100. 0
0
12 . 5
87 5
61. 6
8 . 6
29.8
2006
7 . 8
92 . 2
100. 0
0
19.7
80.3
55.2
8 . 9
35. 8
2007
5.7
94 . 3
100. 0
0
16.0
84 . 0
64 . 7
6.5
28 . 8
2008
7 . 6
92 . 4
100. 0
0
16. 9
83.1
63.5
7 . 2
29.3
13.5
35. 8
. 1
42 . 6
. 1
37 . 3
. 0
35.2
EPA4 20-R-08-015
H-ll
September 2008
-------
Table H-12 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Four Wheel Drive Pickup Trucks
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
182
. 135
11. 4
9.3
10
2
9.7
4822
353
154
14 2
113
.437
. 0322
23. 6
1976
390
.209
12 . 4
10.1
11
2
10.5
4780
359
154
14 2
113
.428
. 0323
25.3
1977
433
. 214
13. 6
11.1
12
1
11. 5
4695
363
164
13. 4
116
.452
. 0351
27 . 2
1978
612
. 270
13.5
11.1
12
0
11. 5
4654
348
160
13.5
115
.468
. 0345
26.8
1979
277
. 126
15. 6
13. 0
14
2
13.5
3947
260
132
14 2
110
. 551
. 0325
27 . 3
1980
302
. 211
16. 9
13. 6
15
4
14 3
4054
251
126
14 6
108
. 552
. 0308
29.1
1981
242
.168
19.6
15.7
18
1
16.7
3732
224
115
14 6
107
. 561
. 0307
31. 4
1982
255
. 177
19.7
15. 8
18
2
16.8
3934
236
119
14 7
107
. 552
. 0306
33.5
1983
359
. 221
20.3
16.1
19
0
17 . 3
3901
224
117
14 8
107
. 564
. 0301
34 .1
1984
505
.247
19.7
15. 6
18
4
16.8
3943
226
120
14 8
107
. 564
. 0302
33.5
1985
528
. 254
19. 9
15.7
18
7
16. 9
3981
230
129
14 0
110
.597
. 0323
34 .1
1986
638
. 252
20.2
15. 9
18
9
17 .1
3974
219
130
14 0
110
. 634
. 0327
34 . 4
1987
548
. 255
20.0
15.7
18
7
16. 9
3937
222
137
13. 4
113
. 648
. 0347
33. 6
1988
6 9 9
.284
19.3
14 9
18
2
16.3
4137
253
156
12 . 6
117
. 644
. 0375
33. 9
1989
645
.289
19.0
14 6
17
9
16.0
4221
259
158
12 . 7
117
. 638
. 0372
33. 9
1990
512
.279
18 . 6
14 0
17
7
15. 6
4364
273
166
12 . 5
119
. 637
. 0380
34 .1
1991
477
.248
18 . 9
14 2
17
9
15. 8
4299
262
167
12 . 2
120
.666
. 0388
34 . 2
1992
484
.263
18 . 5
13. 8
17
7
15.5
4 4 42
272
167
12 . 6
119
. 638
. 0376
34 . 5
1993
553
. 276
18 . 8
13. 9
17
8
15. 6
4 4 4 4
270
172
12 . 3
120
. 661
. 0386
34 . 8
1994
783
.293
18 . 6
13.7
17
5
15. 4
4528
278
180
12 .1
122
. 668
. 0396
34 . 9
1995
750
. 330
18 . 0
13.2
17
0
14 9
4633
292
185
11. 9
123
. 655
. 0400
34 . 7
1996
573
.293
18 . 3
13.3
17
3
15.1
4668
291
204
11. 2
128
.719
. 0437
35. 4
1997
834
. 346
18 . 2
13.1
17
3
15. 0
4 965
302
218
11.1
129
.729
. 0439
37 . 2
1998
841
. 348
18 . 3
13.1
17
4
15.1
4771
291
213
11. 0
130
.745
. 0445
35. 8
1999
1152
.453
18 . 2
13.1
17
0
14 9
4937
299
227
10.8
132
.763
. 0459
36.7
2000
1003
. 384
18 . 9
13. 6
17
3
15. 4
4705
284
224
10.5
133
.791
. 0473
36.1
2001
975
. 387
18 .1
12 . 9
16
6
14 7
4885
295
235
10.3
135
.802
. 0481
36. 0
2002
1008
.423
18 . 2
12 . 9
16
7
14 8
4 985
291
242
10.3
136
. 834
. 0486
36.7
2003
976
.394
18 . 5
13.1
16
9
14 9
4 944
291
248
10.1
138
. 855
. 0500
36. 9
2004
1161
.463
18 . 7
13.1
17
0
15. 0
5202
298
266
9. 9
141
.892
. 0511
39.0
2005
1074
.467
19.0
13.2
17
4
15.3
5257
297
274
9.7
143
. 926
. 0523
40.1
2006
1003
.458
19.3
13. 4
17
6
15.5
5228
291
272
9.7
142
. 942
. 0522
40.3
2007
951
.452
19.3
13.3
17
8
15.5
5360
301
288
9.5
145
. 958
. 0537
41. 6
2008
1030
.487
19.4
13. 4
18
0
15.7
5468
306
302
9.4
148
. 987
. 0551
42 . 8
Percent of Four Wheel Drive Pickup Trucks:
MODEL TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING VEHICLE SIZE NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL SMALL MID LARGE TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
1975
38 . 4
0
. 0
100. 0
1976
33.3
0
. 0
100. 0
1977
24 7
0
. 0
100. 0
1978
30.2
. 0
3
8
. 0
96.2
1979
64 . 9
. 0
34
0
. 0
66. 0
1980
66. 8
18 . 6
. 3
36
7
. 0
63.3
1981
76.4
14 . 7
2 . 3
48
1
. 0
51. 9
1982
71 4
17 . 7
9.6
41
8
5.1
53.1
1983
6 6.6
19. 9
1
4 . 8
26
8
30. 0
43.2
1984
62 . 7
19.1
. 1
2 . 7
27
2
27 . 3
45.5
1985
62 . 4
26.2
12 . 7
1
1
1. 5
29
8
23.1
47 .1
1986
63.3
29.4
29.0
17
7
. 7
34
9
20.7
44.4
1987
59. 9
30.1
36. 4
28
8
. 4
23
8
39.4
36.7
1988
49.7
40. 9
48.7
47
1
. 4
18
7
29. 9
51. 4
1989
52 . 3
41. 5
50.5
47
8
. 3
20
9
25.7
53. 4
1990
44.9
51. 7
53.5
46
1
. 3
17
8
19.6
62 . 6
1991
47 . 5
50. 8
53.5
46
1
. 4
22
5
27 . 2
50.3
1992
43.7
56.2
59.7
40
0
. 3
19
2
22 . 9
57 . 9
1993
40.5
59.5
62 . 9
37
1
12
9
24 . 2
63. 0
1994
34 . 6
65. 4
62 . 2
37
8
18
1
22 . 5
59.5
94
3
5.7
1995
28 3
71. 7
62 . 8
37
2
15
0
14 . 5
70.5
90
5
9.5
1996
25.5
74.5
9 9.6
. 4
14
1
17 . 4
68 . 5
82
9
2 . 8
14 . 3
1997
14 0
86.0
99.9
. 1
3
3
14 . 4
82 . 4
94
7
3.3
2 . 0
1998
19. 9
80.1
99.9
. 1
12
3
19.7
68 .1
87
0
13. 0
1999
11. 4
88 . 6
100. 0
8
4
18 . 6
73.0
93
1
6. 9
2000
10.7
89.3
100. 0
1
22 . 0
77 . 9
86
7
13.3
2001
8 . 0
92 . 0
100. 0
0
17 . 0
83. 0
88
9
11.1
2002
7 . 0
93. 0
100. 0
6
4
19.3
74.2
86
8
13.2
2003
7 . 3
92 . 7
100. 0
7
8
15. 4
76.8
87
6
12 . 4
2004
5.1
94 . 9
100. 0
5
6
13.7
80.7
65
1
21. 3
13. 6
2005
4 . 0
96. 0
100. 0
8
5. 9
93.3
56
3
20.2
23. 4
2006
4 . 2
95. 8
100. 0
7
4 . 0
95.2
45
9
21. 9
32 . 2
2007
3.1
9 6.9
100. 0
0
8 . 0
92 . 0
56
2
17 . 9
25. 9
2008
3.0
97 . 0
100. 0
0
7 . 0
93. 0
54
7
19.6
25.7
25. 0
42 . 9
. 0
53.3
. 2
41. 3
. 0
45.0
EPA4 20-R-08-015
H-12
September 2008
-------
September 2008
Light-Duty Automotive Technology and
Fuel Economy Trends:
1975 Through 2008
Appendix I: Data Stratified by
Vehicle Type and Transmission Type
Compliance and Innovative Strategies Division
and
Transportation and Climate Division
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
NOTICE
This Technical Report does not necessarily represent final EPA decisions or positions.
It is intended to present technical analysis of issues using data that are currently available.
The purpose in the release of such reports is to facilitate an exchange of
technical information and to inform the public of technical developments.
-------
Table 1-1
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Other Cars
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ IiB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
CITY HWY COMP
1978
45
0. 004
28.7
23.8
25.1
24.3
2151
85.7
92
64
14 .7
100
0.698
0.0299
26.3
2097
2272
1979
131
0. 012
29.3
24.1
25.9
24.9
2251
86.0
96
68
14. 6
101
0.715
0.0304
28 . 6
2206
2471
1980
91
0. 010
34.2
27.9
30.5
29.0
2132
88.4
93
73
13.2
105
0.789
0. 0344
31.2
2581
2758
1981
51
0.006
34.9
27.9
32.0
29.6
2250
87.8
96
78
13.1
106
0.816
0. 0349
33.4
2603
2928
1982
37
0.005
36.6
29.3
33.5
31.1
2200
87.8
91
67
14.4
101
0.740
0.0307
34.2
2734
3003
1983
36
0.005
35.4
28.3
32.7
30.1
2277
89.2
94
70
14 .3
102
0.748
0.0309
34.4
2706
3067
1984
3
0.000
33.1
26.4
30.6
28.2
2545
93.5
117
88
13.4
107
0.758
0.0348
35.8
2643
3352
1986
0
0. 000
23.0
17.4
23.2
19. 6
2750
50.0
170
160
8.8
136
0.941
0.0582
27.0
981
1348
1990
1
0. 000
21.1
15 .2
22.1
17.8
3500
59.9
220
247
7.5
157
1.123
0.0706
31.2
1069
1871
1991
1
0. 000
21.1
15.1
22.0
17.8
3500
59.9
220
247
7.5
157
1.123
0.0706
31.2
1067
1867
1992
1
0. 000
22.4
15.9
23.5
18.9
3500
62 . 6
193
239
7.7
154
1.245
0.0683
33.1
1184
2072
2007
35
0.004
25 .2
16.5
24.7
20.4
4500
115 .7
281
380
6.6
183
1.352
0. 0844
45.9
2360
5309
2008
42
0.005
24.8
16.5
23.9
20.0
4484
113.1
285
380
6.5
184
1.334
0.0853
44.9
2264
5092
Percent of Other Cars:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4WD GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID
1978 100.0
1979 100.0
1980 100.0
1981 100.0
1982 100.0
1983 100.0
1984 100.0 10.9
1986 100.0
1990 100.0
1991 100.0
1992 100.0
2007 100.0 100.0 100.0
2008 8.6 18.6 81.4 100.0 100.0 8.6
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-1
September 2008
-------
Table 1-2
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 M-3 Cars
MODEL SALES
< FUEL ECONOMY >
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB
1978
1979
1980
1981
47 0.004
23 0.002
17 0.002
9 0.001
22.3
22.1
21.1
21.4
ADJ
CITY
17.3
17.4
16.9
16.9
ADJ
HWY
21.6
20.9
19.5
20.2
ADJ
COMP
19.0
18.8
18.0
18 .2
WGHT VOL
LB CU-FT
3441 113.5
3584 111.7
3526 109.1
3500 103.7
ENGINE
0-60
TOP
HP/
HP/
TON
CU-FT
CU-FT-
CID
HP
TIME
SPD
CID
WT
-MPG
-MPG
TON-MPG
219
100
15.0
104
0.459
0.0293
32.7
2173
3708
224
102
15 .2
104
0.458
0.0286
33. 8
2122
3783
228
111
14 .2
107
0.485
0.0314
31.8
1964
3464
229
115
13.7
109
0.501
0.0328
31.9
1892
3311
Percent of M-3 Cars:
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4 WD
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
1978
1979
1980
1981
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-2
September 2008
-------
Table 1-3 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 M-4
MODEL
SALES
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
VOL
ENGINE
0-60
YEAR
(000)
FRAC
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CU-FT
CID
HP
TIME
CITY
HWY
COMP
1978
1129
0.101
27.7
21.5
26.9
23.6
2567
88.4
123
82
14.4
1979
1509
0.140
26.8
20.7
26.2
22.8
2606
89.9
123
83
14.5
1980
1733
0.183
28.0
21.5
27.6
23.9
2582
93.9
123
80
14.7
1981
1335
0.153
31.2
24.1
30.6
26.6
2499
99.0
116
78
14.4
1982
1074
0.137
31.3
24.0
31.1
26.7
2556
94 .7
117
77
14.9
1983
542
0.068
33.7
26.1
32.7
28.7
2494
98. 6
112
75
14.9
1984
668
0.063
35.1
27.2
34 .2
30.0
2505
93. 6
112
77
14 .7
1985
444
0. 041
36.4
28.2
35.4
31.0
2508
98.5
110
80
14 .2
1986
489
0. 044
34.9
26.9
33.6
29.6
2535
95.5
114
83
14.1
1987
344
0. 032
35.9
28.0
33.3
30.2
2417
94.4
100
77
14.4
1988
487
0. 045
37.1
29.0
33. 9
31.1
2354
96.4
97
74
14.4
1989
315
0.031
38.1
29.3
35.1
31.8
2380
98.0
96
79
13.7
1990
194
0.022
37.6
28.7
34.4
31.2
2462
97.1
97
86
13.0
1991
143
0.017
38.8
29.8
34.7
32.0
2417
97.2
91
89
12 .5
1992
107
0. 013
38.5
29.1
34 .7
31.6
2376
96.4
91
88
12 .5
1993
78
0. 009
38. 6
29.1
34 .3
31.5
2308
96.2
89
81
12.9
1994
52
0. 006
39.2
29.3
34.9
31.9
2250
95.0
89
82
12 . 6
1995
18
0. 002
42.5
31.1
38.0
34 .3
2250
90. 0
91
93
11.4
1996
20
0. 003
42. 6
30.9
37.8
34 .2
2250
90.0
91
93
11.4
Percent of M-4 Cars:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4WD GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
1978
44.2
21.2
3.7
1979
32.0
2.5
9.8
2.7
1980
47.2
2.6
8.3
7.7
1981
62.3
3.4
4.3
6.9
1982
69. 6
3.7
4.4
3.6
3.5
1983
65.4
7.8
7.5
13. 0
3.5
1984
61.2
5.5
5.7
28.8
3.7
1985
74.5
0.8
9.0
18.4
0.4
1986
74.2
0.9
14.4
9.1
0.1
1987
92.0
1.0
14.2
31.2
1988
97. 9
0.6
19.5
36.1
1989
99.3
0.3
20.9
44.7
1990
99. 6
31.9
58.4
1991
100.0
69.5
30.1
1992
100.0
97.5
2.5
1993
100.0
95.8
4.2
1994
100.0
100.0
1995
100.0
100.0
1996
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-3
TOP
SPD
HP/ HP/
CID WT
TON
-MPG
CU-FT CU-FT-
-MPG TON-MPG
104 0.701
104 0.696
103 0.659
103 0.692
102 0.675
102 0.682
103 0.695
104 0.733
105 0.738
103 0.769
103 0.761
105 0.824
107 0.892
109 0.975
109 0.963
107 0.911
108 0.921
113 1.022
113 1.022
0.0316 30.9
0.0313 30.1
0.0306 31.2
0.0312 33.7
0.0299 34.5
0.0299 36.3
0.0306 38.0
0.0319 39.3
0.0324 38.2
0.0314 37.2
0.0311 37.0
0.0330 38.1
0.0350 38.6
0.0370 38.7
0.0371 37.5
0.0354 36.3
0.0364 35.8
0.0413 38.6
0.0413 38.4
2208 2753
2133 2723
2307 2944
2697 3329
2596 3272
2912 3578
2902 3568
3148 3886
2944 3676
2943 3525
3065 3577
3163 3740
3055 3759
3119 3766
3050 3620
3031 3496
3026 3405
3085 3471
3074 3458
WT HYBRID
September 2008
-------
Table 1-4
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 M-5 Cars
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
< FUEL ECONOMY >
FRAC
LAB
ADJ
CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
WGHT VOL
LB CU-FT
ENGINE
CID
HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON CU-FT CU-FT-
-MPG -MPG TON-MPG
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
1037 0.
742 0.
1173 0.
1263 0.
1210 0.
1543 0.
1908 0.
2019 0.
2239 0.
2328 0.
2116 0.
1784 0.
1528 0.
1599 0.
1299 0.
1416 0.
1329 0.
1476 0.
1125 0.
1096 0.
954 0.
870 0.
941 0.
851 0.
779 0.
689 0.
532 0.
561 0.
514 0.
452 0.
583 0.
093
069
124
145
155
193
179
187
203
217
197
178
173
188
160
167
158
157
143
132
120
104
103
101
094
087
071
070
064
056
068
28.7
25.9
29.1
31.8
32 .3
31.9
31.5
32.1
32.2
31.9
32.3
31.8
31.2
32 .3
32 .5
33.3
33. 4
33.2
33.2
33.3
32.9
32.0
31.8
32.0
32.0
32.1
32.5
32.4
32.1
32.8
32.4
22 .3
19.8
22.4
24.8
25.1
24.6
24.2
24 . 6
24.7
24.2
24.3
23.8
23.2
23.9
23.8
24.2
24.1
23.7
23.5
23.4
22.9
22.2
22.0
22.0
21.8
21.8
21.9
21.7
21.4
21.8
21.7
27.8
25 .7
28.5
30.6
31.2
31.4
31.1
31.7
31.6
31.2
31. 4
31.0
30.0
30.8
31.2
31.7
31.8
31.8
31.8
31.7
31.2
30.1
29.7
29.8
29.6
29.6
29.8
29.5
29.3
30.0
29.4
24.5
22.1
24.8
27.1
27.5
27.3
26.9
27.4
27.4
27.0
27.2
26.7
26.1
26.9
26.9
27.5
27.5
27.3
27.2
27.1
26.7
25.9
25. 6
25 .7
25 .5
25 .5
25 .7
25 . 6
25.3
25.9
25.5
2564
2633
2541
2488
2519
2583
2646
2629
2684
2719
2738
2786
2834
2796
2813
2771
2831
2869
2912
2897
2961
3001
3017
3048
3081
3139
3094
3112
3166
3113
3182
86.2
82. 6
86.7
87.2
89.8
93.3
94.3
93. 8
96.0
95.5
96.8
98.0
95.9
95.7
96.7
97.1
97. 8
99.2
100.1
98 .7
99. 6
98 .7
99.3
99. 8
101. 8
102.7
103. 6
104.5
102 .5
102.0
103.1
114
117
110
110
113
120
125
121
122
121
122
125
125
121
121
120
123
125
128
125
130
131
134
134
132
134
134
136
139
139
137
84
85
80
79
81
87
94
95
97
99
103
108
118
117
121
117
119
126
130
129
134
139
141
144
147
153
154
157
160
159
163
14.1
14.3
14.4
14.4
14 .3
13.9
13.4
13.1
13.2
13.2
12.8
12.4
11.8
11.9
11.6
11.8
11.7
11.3
11.1
11.1
10.9
10.7
10.6
10.6
10.6
10.4
10.2
10.2
10.2
10.1
10.0
105
105
104
103
104
106
108
109
109
110
111
113
116
116
118
117
117
119
120
120
122
123
124
124
125
127
128
128
129
129
130
0.753 0
0.724 0
0.726 0
0.710 0
0.710 0
0.732 0
0.757 0
0.791 0
0.805 0
0.821 0
0.852 0
0.883 0
0.967 0
0.974 0
1.009 0
0.978 0
0.986 0
1.026 0
1.029 0
1.048 0
1.052 0
1.079 0
1.084 0
1.095 0
1.126 0
1.159 0
1.164 0
1.166 0
1.161 0
1.157 0
1.204 0
0326
0318
0313
0313
0318
0331
0349
,0358
0356
0358
0370
0382
0410
0409
0423
0415
,0414
0433
0441
0441
0448
0460
0465
0468
,0472
,0484
0492
0497
0499
0504
0506
32.0
29.7
32.0
34.1
35.2
35.8
36.3
36.5
37.3
37.1
37.7
37.6
37.3
38.0
38.4
38 .5
39.4
39.5
39.9
39. 6
39.9
39.1
38.9
39.5
39.7
40.7
40.3
40.2
40.6
40.7
40.9
2203
1926
2240
2445
2577
2670
2649
2678
2728
2660
2727
2699
2574
2658
2703
2763
2781
2786
2791
2743
2722
2608
2597
2627
2657
2696
2729
2737
2663
2709
2698
2767
2471
2792
2993
3190
3375
3439
3446
3582
3546
3656
3689
3588
3644
3723
3755
3864
3927
4002
3924
3980
3880
3881
3961
4051
4197
4185
4214
4181
4166
4247
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-4
September 2008
-------
Table 1-4 (Continued)
Percent of M-5 Cars:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4 WD
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
1978
20.5
CO
LO
1979
33.8
16.3
2.0
1980
39.2
19.5
2.4
1981
49.8
20.2
5.3
1982
56.1
0.2
20.2
4.9
1983
66.4
6.1
25.0
7.0
0.8
1984
69. 6
1.4
31.0
8.9
3.2
1985
70.3
5.8
33.2
9.3
2.0
1986
78 . 6
3.6
45 .7
12.0
1.1
1987
79.2
3.4
45 . 6
16.3
0.2
1988
83.0
3.1
48.7
25 .3
1989
83.2
3.2
59.0
24.3
0.2
1990
83.5
2 . 6
77.0
20.9
0.1
1991
84.3
3.1
75.9
23.6
0.3
1992
85.1
3.4
86.4
13.5
0.1
1993
89.3
2.3
86.3
13.7
1994
88.7
1.0
90.2
9.8
38. 6
1.9
59.5
1995
86.1
2.2
97.1
2.9
31.0
2.5
66.5
1996
86.6
3.1
96.3
3.3
0.4
30.8
2.1
67. 0
1997
86.4
3.4
98.1
1.6
0.3
30.6
2.5
66.7
1998
83.8
4.5
97.6
1.2
1.2
29.3
2.3
65 .7
1999
83.5
4.7
98.1
0.9
1.0
28 . 6
2.8
64 .5
2000
78.9
4.3
97.9
0.5
1.6
31.8
2.3
59.7
2001
82 .2
4 . 6
98.4
1.6
26.5
2.4
61.7
2002
78 .7
9.1
98 .2
1.8
23.8
2.5
67.5
2003
82 .7
5.9
97.1
2.9
17.2
75.0
2004
83.1
6.7
97.9
2.1
13.2
82.1
2005
83.0
7.5
98.4
1.6
9.7
5.3
83.5
2006
80.2
6.4
96. 8
3.2
9.2
6.2
84.5
2007
80.0
5.4
100. 0
6.9
7.1
86.0
2008
79.7
7.5
3.6 96.4
1.7
5.5
92.8
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-5
FIVE
WT
HYBRID
14.4
0.0
14.2
19.2
0.3
17.9
2 . 6
26.6
4.1
26.6
6.2
33.3
0
6
9.5
36.8
0
2
6.1
34.9
0
1
7.8
37. 8
0
9
4.7
47.0
0
9
1.4
62.1
0
9
0.1
65. 6
0
1
63.3
60.5
September 2008
-------
Table 1-5
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 M-6 Cars
MODEL
SALES
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
VOL
ENGINE
0-60
TOP
HP/
HP/
TON
CU-FT
CU-FT
YEAR
(000)
FRAC
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CU-FT
CID
HP
TIME
SPD
CID
WT
-MPG
-MPG
TON-MPl
CITY
HWY
COMP
1989
4
0. 000
22.7
16.0
25.0
19.3
3500
50.0
350
240
7.7
154
0. 686
0. 0686
33.8
967
1691
1990
7
0. 001
22.3
15 .7
24.2
18.9
3503
50.0
350
302
6.6
177
0. 864
0. 0863
33.1
945
1654
1991
6
0. 001
21.9
15.3
23.8
18.5
3583
53.3
346
296
6.8
173
0. 857
0.0831
33.3
981
1770
1992
6
0.001
22 .7
15.9
24.2
19.1
3531
52.8
338
303
6.5
177
0.914
0.0860
33. 8
1008
1784
1993
14
0.002
22.8
15.9
24.0
19.1
3540
73.4
332
284
6.9
169
0.896
0.0804
34.0
1416
2512
1994
27
0.003
23.0
15.9
24 . 6
19.3
3607
79.5
324
276
7.2
165
0.932
0.0765
35.0
1551
2809
1995
35
0. 004
22. 6
15 .5
24.3
19.0
3637
79.2
310
269
7.3
162
0.934
0.0740
34 .7
1522
2774
1996
27
0. 003
21.9
14.9
23.6
18.4
3623
73.2
323
291
6.9
170
0.954
0.0807
33. 6
1369
2509
1997
26
0. 003
22.3
15.1
23.7
18 . 6
3675
79.4
309
320
6.5
180
1. 090
0.0875
34.9
1530
2840
1998
23
0. 003
23.4
15.8
24.5
19.5
3654
76.5
327
319
6.4
180
1. 002
0.0878
36.0
1517
2799
1999
43
0. 005
24.2
16.4
24.8
20.0
3537
72 . 6
294
300
6.7
175
1. 075
0.0845
35 . 6
1462
2616
2000
78
0.009
24 . 6
16.7
24.5
20.2
3405
75 .5
240
271
7.0
167
1.284
0.0790
34.5
1560
2653
2001
105
0.013
24.4
16.6
24.0
19.9
3511
73.5
210
274
7.2
166
1.450
0.0779
35.2
1466
2620
2002
148
0.018
26.1
17. 6
25.4
21.2
3361
82.8
202
249
7.5
159
1.375
0.0734
35.9
1800
3006
2003
196
0. 025
26.6
18.0
25.4
21.5
3355
82.4
187
251
7.6
160
1.409
0.0738
36.3
1817
3017
2004
234
0. 031
25.8
17.3
24.8
20.8
3469
87.1
186
253
7.7
159
1. 427
0.0723
36.5
1854
3206
2005
184
0. 023
26.0
17.3
24.9
20.9
3437
83.8
186
262
7.5
163
1.548
0.0757
36.3
1797
3087
2006
235
0. 029
26.6
17.6
25 .5
21.4
3458
86.3
184
258
7.6
161
1. 491
0.0743
37.2
1887
3267
2007
246
0. 031
27.5
18 .2
26.3
22.1
3481
90.2
178
245
8.0
156
1. 461
0.0701
38.9
2054
3554
2008
299
0.035
28.0
18.5
26.6
22.4
3460
91.9
177
246
8.0
156
1.443
0.0704
39.2
2131
3657
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-6
September 2008
-------
Table 1-5 (Continued)
Percent of M-6 Cars:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4 WD GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR
1989
100.0
1990
100.0
1991
100.0
1992
100.0
1993
6.4
100.0
1994
12.1
100.0
75.8
24.2
1995
6.0
1.5
100.0
84.1
15.9
1996
13.3
100.0
96.3
2 . 6
1997
10.6
100.0
80.8
16.8
1998
2.8
100.0
85.8
12.9
1999
7.0
3.7
100.0
62 . 6
36.7
2000
15.1
10.2
100.0
38.9
52 .2
2001
2.8
34 .7
100.0
26.1
2 . 6
40.1
2002
37.4
11.4
100.0
24 . 6
0.8
62 .7
2003
43.0
5.9
100.0
9.1
0.2
83.7
2004
32.1
14.8
100.0
18 .7
0.1
72 .5
2005
33.3
12 .7
100.0
20.0
74.0
2006
38 . 6
12.1
100.0
13.2
0.1
86.0
2007
42.0
15.1
100.0
8.5
5.5
85 . 6
2008
50.3
11.0
10.4 89.6
5.7
4.7
89.1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-7
FIVE
WT HYBRID
4.5
20.2
1.1 24.2
2.3 33.9
1.3 21.0
0.7 29.5
8.9 47.8
31.2 33.5
11.9 53.0
6.9 65.8
8.7 57.3
6.0 60.0
0.6 78.7
0.5 68.3
0.5 76.3
September 2008
-------
Table 1-6
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 A-3 Cars
MODEL
SALES
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
VOL
YEAR
(000)
FRAC
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CU-FT
CITY
HWY
COMP
1978
8125
0.727
18. 6
14 . 6
17.8
15.9
3818
114.4
1979
7462
0. 691
19.0
15.0
17.8
16.2
3729
115.0
1980
4814
0.510
22.3
17.6
21.2
19.0
3215
107.8
1981
3027
0.347
24.4
19.2
22.9
20.7
2958
106.5
1982
1251
0.160
27.9
22.3
25.8
23.7
2679
101.1
1983
1158
0.145
28.2
22. 6
25.9
24.0
2749
106.1
1984
1667
0.156
28.3
22.4
26.5
24.1
2741
106.0
1985
1798
0.167
28.8
22.8
26.9
24.5
2764
105.8
1986
1742
0.158
28.8
22 .7
26.8
24.4
2778
105.5
1987
1498
0.140
28.2
21.9
26.5
23.9
2763
105.1
1988
892
0. 083
28.7
22 .3
26.7
24.2
2792
103. 4
1989
815
0. 081
28.8
22 .2
26.5
24.1
2818
102.8
1990
535
0.061
28.8
22.1
26.5
24.0
2869
101.6
1991
368
0.043
27.3
20.8
25.1
22.7
2834
99.5
1992
394
0.049
29.3
22.0
27.0
24.2
2799
99.2
1993
351
0.042
29.5
22.1
27.1
24.3
2819
100. 6
1994
267
0. 032
30.6
22 .7
27.9
25.1
2735
100.2
1995
67
0. 007
36.8
27.5
32 .2
29.7
2358
99. 8
1996
71
0. 009
36.7
27.2
32.0
29.5
2322
99. 9
1997
49
0. 006
37.2
27.4
32 .3
29.7
2250
90.5
1998
21
0.003
37.2
27.2
32.2
29.6
2274
89.9
1999
18
0.002
36.8
26.6
31.9
29.2
2312
88.3
2000
27
0.003
36.8
26.4
31.7
29.0
2318
88.4
2001
21
0.003
36.3
25 .7
31.5
28 . 6
2390
88.8
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015 I
0-60
TOP
HP/
HP/
TON
CU-FT
CU-FT-
TIME
SPD
CID
WT
-MPG
-MPG
TON-MP<
13.6
113
0.493
0.0347
30.4
1845
3490
13.7
112
0.501
0. 0343
30.2
1882
3488
14.1
108
0.562
0.0328
30.6
2075
3316
14.4
106
0. 621
0.0321
30.7
2238
3279
14.8
104
0. 684
0.0311
31.9
2434
3239
14.8
104
0.670
0.0309
33.1
2588
3522
14.4
105
0.691
0.0321
33.1
2578
3510
13.3
109
0.769
0.0356
34.0
2626
3600
13.6
109
0.756
0.0348
34.0
2607
3584
13.6
109
0.752
0. 0349
33.1
2538
3477
13.5
109
0.795
0. 0350
33.9
2539
3501
13.7
108
0.774
0. 0341
34.0
2524
3499
13.7
108
0.774
0.0341
34 . 6
2479
3515
13. 9
107
0.784
0.0334
32.4
2312
3215
13.7
108
0.797
0.0345
34.1
2452
3376
13.8
108
0.767
0.0338
34.4
2481
3458
14.0
106
0.784
0.0330
34.4
2572
3449
13.8
105
0.945
0.0336
35.0
2968
3496
14.0
104
0.818
0. 0329
34 .2
2947
3419
14. 6
102
0.886
0.0311
33.4
2691
3027
13.2
106
0. 998
0. 0351
33.7
2667
3028
13.2
107
0.995
0.0351
33. 6
2579
2970
13.3
106
0.988
0.0348
33.5
2568
2965
13.3
107
0.975
0.0349
34.0
2541
3025
September 2008
ENGINE
CID HP
283 133
269 129
203 106
165 95
124 84
130 85
128 88
129 99
129 97
130 97
125 98
126 97
128 98
124 96
126 98
128 96
120 91
84 79
94 77
79 70
80 80
82 81
82 80
86 83
-8
-------
Table 1-6 (continued)
Percent of A-3 Cars:
MODEL
DRIVETRAIN
FUEL METERING
NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR
FRONT
4WD
GDI PORT
TBI
DSL
TWO
THREE
FOUR
1978
3.9
3.2
0.5
1979
5 . 6
3.0
1.9
1980
29.3
0.8
3.9
0.9
2.3
1981
56.9
5.9
5.1
1.8
1982
76.5
8.9
0.1
1.8
1983
76.1
5 . 6
7.0
7.1
1.0
1984
94.0
0.4
13.1
12 .2
0.4
1985
92.8
1.1
18.0
34.9
0.1
1986
92.0
1.8
22 . 6
42 .7
1987
96.0
2.4
22 .2
56.9
1988
96.9
1.7
54.3
37.3
1989
95.9
2.8
64.8
30.3
1990
97.9
1.0
73.6
26.4
1991
97.8
1.2
79. 6
20.4
1992
97.8
1.6
77.4
22 . 6
1993
99.4
0.6
85.4
14 . 6
1994
99.8
0.2
81.1
18.9
87.0
12 .3
0.7
1995
100.0
43.4
56.6
56.6
43.4
1996
100.0
30.8
69.2
69.2
30.8
1997
100.0
100.0
100.0
1998
100.0
100.0
1.9
98.1
1999
100.0
100.0
5.0
95.0
2000
12 .2
100.0
5.4
94 . 6
2001
100.0
100.0
85.4
14 . 6
FIVE
WT HYBRID
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-9
September 2008
-------
Table 1-7
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 A-4 Cars
MODEL
SALES
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
VOL
YEAR
(000)
FRAC
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CU-FT
CITY
HWY
COMP
1978
42
0. 004
22.0
17.7
20.0
18 .7
3589
102.4
1979
57
0. 005
22.8
18.4
20.7
19.4
3567
100. 6
1980
57
0. 006
24.5
20.2
21.6
20.8
3477
101.0
1981
135
0. 016
26.0
20.9
23.9
22.1
3277
94 . 6
1982
230
0.029
24.4
19.2
23.1
20.8
3456
107.6
1983
183
0.023
27.1
21.7
24.8
23.0
3325
99.1
1984
206
0.019
25.4
20.1
23.8
21.6
3376
99.5
1985
200
0.019
24.7
19.8
22 .7
21.0
3408
100.5
1986
154
0. 014
22. 6
17.9
21.0
19.2
3514
105. 6
1987
181
0. 017
23.1
18.1
21.5
19.5
3519
105.9
1988
142
0. 013
22.5
17.4
21.0
18.9
3504
104. 6
1989
147
0. 015
22.4
17.2
21.0
18.8
3546
106.6
1990
117
0. 013
22 .7
17.2
21.3
19.0
3652
110.1
1991
131
0.015
23.1
17.3
21.9
19.3
3662
106.2
1992
100
0.012
22.9
17. 0
21.9
19.1
3757
107.3
1993
83
0.010
23.6
17. 4
22.5
19.6
3853
109.5
1994
65
0.008
23.7
17.2
22.8
19.7
3946
106.1
1995
91
0. 010
24.7
17.9
23.7
20.4
3995
103. 8
1996
44
0. 006
27.1
19.3
26.1
22 .3
3720
104.4
1997
1
0. 000
22. 6
15 .7
22 .7
18 .7
3500
59.9
1998
7
0. 001
30.6
20.7
31.3
25.2
2920
102.0
1999
28
0.003
28.2
19.3
28.0
23.1
3192
109.1
2000
70
0.008
28.1
19.0
27.9
23.0
3104
107.6
2001
48
0.006
28.0
18.8
27.7
22.8
3117
107.8
2002
17
0.002
27.9
18.8
27.0
22 . 6
3131
106. 9
2004
16
0. 002
26.4
17.6
25.4
21.3
3500
114.5
2005
7
0. 001
26.4
17.5
25 .3
21.2
3500
114.5
2006
2
0. 000
26.2
17.3
25.1
21.0
3500
114.5
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015 I-
0-60
TOP
HP/
HP/
TON
CU-FT
CU-FT-
TIME
SPD
CID
WT
-MPG
-MPG
TON-MP<
15.8
105
0.632
0.0298
34.4
1959
3515
16.2
104
0. 609
0.0291
35 . 6
2004
3630
16.6
103
0.569
0. 0280
36.8
2129
3763
14. 6
107
0. 635
0.0322
36.7
2136
3504
14.0
109
0. 624
0.0332
36.3
2256
3912
13.9
109
0.723
0.0338
38.7
2331
3871
12.8
115
0.775
0.0377
37.1
2205
3715
12 . 6
115
0.790
0.0381
36.3
2165
3661
11.3
124
0.852
0.0443
34.2
2105
3647
11.0
125
0. 871
0.0452
34.9
2143
3733
11.0
125
0.886
0.0455
33.4
2039
3522
10.9
125
0. 912
0.0455
33.6
2050
3599
11.5
123
0. 92 6
0.0434
34.8
2120
3836
11.1
126
0. 970
0.0453
35 . 6
2088
3784
10.9
129
0.986
0.0472
36.1
2093
3876
10.9
130
0.991
0.0474
37. 9
2174
4146
9.4
140
1.098
0.0548
38.9
2117
4135
9.7
138
1.079
0.0537
41.2
2175
4296
10.9
127
1. 008
0.0460
41.8
2351
4382
7.0
165
1.227
0.0771
32 .7
1120
1960
13.3
112
0. 981
0.0367
36.9
2607
3772
12.1
116
1. 023
0.0392
36.8
2524
4021
12.1
116
1.031
0.0395
35. 6
2477
3840
12 .2
115
1.027
0.0390
35.4
2458
3825
12 .3
115
1.013
0.0387
35.3
2415
3773
14.1
108
0.743
0.0323
37.3
2437
4265
14.1
108
0.743
0.0323
37.1
2430
4252
11.0
123
1. 013
0. 0440
36.8
2409
4216
September 2008
ENGINE
CID HP
167 105
168 102
169 95
165 105
194 114
156 112
166 127
168 129
191 158
190 161
188 161
184 163
175 160
177 167
182 181
186 186
201 219
202 217
171 172
220 270
109 109
122 125
119 122
119 121
120 121
152 113
152 113
152 154
10
-------
Table 1-7 (Continued)
Percent of A-4 Cars:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN
YEAR FRONT 4 WD
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
10.1
4.2
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
5.9
1989
4.0
1990
7.5
0.4
1991
11.3
5.1
1992
10.4
5.0
1993
10.8
0.9
1994
2.2
1995
1996
1997
1998
95 .2
1999
100.0
2000
100.0
2001
100.0
2002
100.0
2004
100.0
2005
100.0
2006
100.0
FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR
15.1
48.3
23.5
56.1
39.8
60.2
32.1
26.5
32.7 24.5
19.4
59.5
27.5
80.0
20.0
82 .3
17.7
95.8
4.2
87.1
12.9
99.5
0.5
99.8
0.2
98 .3
1.7
95.4
4 . 6
96.0
4.0
100.0
98.9
1.1
16.6
83.4
93.8
6.2
4.7
95 .3
94.0
6.0
1.8
98 .2
100.0
100.0
100.0
64 .7
35 .3
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
8.8
91.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-11
FIVE
WT HYBRID
25 .7
27.7
2 . 6
100.0
4.8
September 2008
-------
Table 1-8 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 A-5 Cars
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
CITY HWY COMP
1990
2
0. 000
21.5
15.9
21.5
CO
4000
50.0
181
228
9.0
143
1.260
0.0570
36.3
1991
3
0. 000
21.9
15.8
22 .3
18.4
4000
50.0
181
228
9.0
143
1.260
0.0570
36.8
1992
6
0. 001
20.1
14 .7
19.7
16.8
4372
104.8
191
228
9.6
138
1.192
0. 0523
36.8
1993
6
0.001
19.7
14.4
19.1
16.4
4941
114 . 6
193
228
10.6
133
1.180
0.0462
40.5
1994
5
0.001
22.8
16.1
23.3
19.1
4853
102.1
195
217
10.9
130
1.113
0.0448
46.3
1995
13
0.001
23.1
16.2
23.4
19.3
4500
109. 6
195
217
10.2
134
1.113
0.0482
43.3
1996
9
0.001
23.1
16.2
23.3
19.2
4500
105.4
195
217
10.2
134
1.113
0.0482
43.2
1997
1
0.000
22.4
15 .5
22.8
18 . 6
3000
50.0
151
201
7.9
148
1.331
0.0670
27.9
1998
1
0. 000
22.4
15.4
22 .7
18 . 6
3000
50.0
151
201
7.9
148
1.331
0.0670
27.9
1999
6
0. 001
22.5
15 .3
23.1
18 .7
3239
62.0
178
246
7.2
161
1.378
0.0754
30.2
2000
5
0. 001
23.0
15 .5
23.2
18.9
3292
59.9
187
254
7.1
163
1.358
0.0770
31.1
2001
6
0.001
22 . 6
15.2
22.8
18. 6
3338
62 .5
192
276
6.8
170
1. 423
0.0823
31.0
2002
5
0.001
23.6
15.9
23.1
19.2
3327
61.4
197
273
6.8
169
1.381
0.0816
32.0
2004
2
0.000
23.6
15.7
23.2
19.2
3500
62.8
199
282
6.9
169
1.410
0.0806
33.7
2005
1
0.000
26.0
17.4
24.4
20.8
3500
50.0
176
255
7.4
160
1.453
0.0729
36.4
2006
2
0. 000
26.4
17.7
24.7
21.1
3500
50.0
182
269
7.1
165
1. 478
0.0769
36.9
Percent of A-5 Cars:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4 WD
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
FIVE
WT HYBRID
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2004
2005
2006
5.4
6.7
22 .2
14.4
28.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100. 0
100. 0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100. 0
CU-FT CU-FT-
-MPG TON-MPG
907 1814
921 1842
1739 3853
1869 4645
1940 4779
2111 4750
2025 4556
931 1396
928 1393
1158 1905
1133 1882
1158 1949
1184 1990
1204 2107
1041 1822
1055 1846
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-12
September 2008
-------
Table 1-9 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 A-6 Cars
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ IiB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
CITY HWY COMP
1998
0
0. 000
13.3
9.3
13.4
11.1
3500
50.0
213
375
5.4
203
1.761
0
1071
19.5
556
974
1999
1
0. 000
13. 9
9.7
14.1
11.6
3500
50.0
215
382
5.3
205
1.775
0
1091
20.4
583
1021
2005
1
0. 000
15.9
11.2
14.4
12.8
4500
129.5
259
396
6.3
188
1.529
0
0880
28.9
1662
3739
2006
2
0. 000
16.9
11.3
16.8
13.9
4337
116. 9
259
392
6.2
190
1.515
0
0907
30.0
1616
3531
2007
1
0. 000
16.8
11.4
16.4
13.8
4500
129.5
259
396
6.3
188
1.529
0
0880
31.0
1781
4007
2008
4
0. 000
18.3
12.1
18 .3
15.0
4500
113. 0
259
397
6.3
188
1.534
0
0883
33. 9
1691
3805
;nt of A-6 Cars:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4 WD GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID
1998
1999
2005
2006
2007
2008
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-13
September 2008
-------
Table I-10
Characteristics of 1975 to
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ IiB CU-FT CID HP
CITY HWY COMP
1978
749
0. 067
17.2
13.3
16.9
14 .7
4133
114.8
311
146
1979
869
0. 080
18.5
14.4
17.9
15.8
3821
116. 0
301
142
1980
1339
0.142
19.9
15.4
19.4
17.0
3759
117.5
270
120
1981
2261
0.259
22.4
17. 4
21.8
19.1
3641
115 .3
253
115
1982
3031
0.388
24.4
18.7
24.0
20.8
3265
111.6
204
105
1983
2832
0.354
24.4
18.8
24.0
20.8
3235
112.1
202
108
1984
3927
0.368
25 .5
19.6
25.1
21.7
3184
111. 1
190
106
1985
3203
0.297
26.8
20.6
26.5
22.9
3104
109. 6
179
104
1986
2990
0.271
27.7
21.2
27.1
23.5
3022
107.5
167
100
1987
2679
0.250
29.1
22 .2
28.2
24 . 6
2925
107. 0
151
99
1988
3027
0.282
29.8
22 .7
28.7
25.1
2866
105.8
140
101
1989
2467
0.246
30.0
22 . 6
28.9
25.2
2865
104.8
138
105
1990
1980
0.225
29.7
22.1
28.7
24.9
2913
104.1
139
111
1991
1765
0.207
29.1
21.5
28.2
24.3
2918
104.1
144
114
1992
1634
0.202
28.5
20.8
27.8
23.7
3003
104.0
151
123
1993
1421
0.168
28.4
20.6
27.8
23.6
3020
105.0
158
125
1994
899
0.107
30.2
22.0
28 . 6
24.9
2901
102.2
132
110
1995
893
0. 095
31.3
22 . 6
29.4
25 . 6
2843
103.1
124
121
1996
671
0. 085
31.6
22.9
29.3
25.8
2826
101. 6
120
122
1997
611
0. 073
31.3
22 . 6
28.5
25.4
2817
99.8
116
114
1998
438
0. 055
31.3
22.1
29.1
25.3
2842
100.8
123
125
1999
359
0.043
31.6
22.4
28.8
25.4
2853
100.2
122
122
2000
505
0.055
31.2
22.0
28.3
25.0
2923
101.4
124
126
2001
289
0.034
32 .7
22.9
29.3
26.0
2909
102.0
120
127
2002
70
0.008
36.0
25.3
30.9
28.1
2750
100.1
109
125
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-14
L-3 Cars
0-60
TOP
HP/
TIME
SPD
CID
13.3
114
0.471
0
12.8
116
0. 472
0
14.5
109
0.449
0
14. 6
108
0.466
0
14.4
107
0.549
0
14.0
108
0.5 63
0
14.0
108
0.594
0
13.9
108
0.611
0
14.0
108
0.633
0
13.9
108
0. 684
0
13.5
109
0.736
0
13.1
111
0.775
0
12.7
113
0.814
0
12.4
114
0.806
0
11.9
117
0.833
0
CO
118
0.808
0
12 .5
113
0.852
0
11.5
118
0.982
0
11.5
119
1. 020
0
12.0
115
0. 988
0
11.1
120
1. 016
0
11.3
119
1. 010
0
11.2
119
1.025
0
11.1
120
1.065
0
10.7
121
1.142
0
TON
CU-FT
CU-FT-
-MPG
-MPG
TON-MP<
30.4
1701
3486
30.2
1842
3507
32 .2
2020
3826
35.1
2235
4086
34 .2
2358
3838
33. 9
2372
3803
34.7
2447
3858
35. 6
2543
3910
35. 6
2562
3841
36.1
2659
3865
36.1
2678
3824
36.1
2648
3788
36.3
2596
3776
35.5
2537
3698
35. 6
2477
3712
35.7
2487
3750
36.1
2547
3691
36.5
2648
3762
36.4
2622
3702
35 .7
2532
3565
36.0
2559
3629
36.4
2559
3641
36.5
2538
3705
37. 9
2664
3868
38.7
2817
3873
HP/
WT
0352
0373
0322
0317
0322
0331
0332
0333
0331
0335
0350
0365
0379
0389
0409
0414
0380
0427
0431
0405
0440
0429
0433
0437
0455
September 2008
-------
Table I-10 (Continued)
Percent of L-3 Cars:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4 WD
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
1978
1979
1980
2.0
8.3
1981
0.7
0.3
11.9
1982
33.0
0.7
2.0
15 .7
5.2
1983
41.4
1.3
1.0
21.8
1.4
1984
51.2
1.0
6.5
31.0
0.7
1985
59.5
1.3
7.0
49.2
0.1
1986
72.1
9.7
61.8
1987
88.4
14.4
56.2
1988
97.7
25 .3
58.8
1989
99.2
0.1
27.8
60.3
1990
99.9
0.1
42.1
56.0
1991
100.0
43.2
56.8
1992
100.0
79.2
20.8
1993
100.0
80.4
19. 6
1994
100.0
78 .3
21.7
81.8
5.0 13.3
1995
100.0
96.9
3.1
40.7
59.3
1996
100.0
100.0
47.1
52.9
1997
100.0
100.0
39.2
60. 8
1998
100.0
100.0
38.0
62.0
1999
100.0
100.0
43.1
56.9
2000
94 .5
100.0
37. 0
63. 0
2001
87.2
100.0
19.4
80.6
2002
100.0
100.0
100.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-15
FIVE
WT HYBRID
17. 0
36.2
100.0
September 2008
-------
Table I-11
Characteristics of 1975 to
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ IiB CU-FT CID HP
CITY HWY COMP
1980
219
0. 023
19.3
14 .5
20.0
16.5
3975
128.1
321
140
1981
650
0. 074
19.8
14.8
20.5
16.9
4001
132.8
297
140
1982
986
0.126
20.2
15.1
20.9
17.3
4016
128 .3
288
141
1983
1708
0.213
21.4
16.0
22.0
18.3
3823
123.3
267
134
1984
2295
0.215
21.9
16.4
22.5
18.7
3736
118 .3
261
134
1985
3127
0.290
23.1
17.3
23.9
19.8
3633
119.4
247
137
1986
3400
0.309
25.0
18.5
26.0
21.3
3478
117.2
223
138
1987
3702
0.345
25 .3
18.7
26.1
21.5
3445
115.1
212
138
1988
4069
0.379
25.8
18.9
26.5
21.8
3464
115.4
210
141
1989
4475
0.447
25.7
18.8
26.4
21.7
3442
114.9
202
141
1990
4441
0.504
25.8
18.8
26.3
21.8
3466
113. 4
193
144
1991
4503
0.528
26.4
19.1
26.6
22.1
3407
112.9
189
148
1992
4559
0.562
26.1
18. 6
26.5
21.8
3491
114 .5
195
156
1993
5077
0.600
26.9
19.2
27.1
22.5
3407
113.3
184
150
1994
5748
0.683
26.7
18.9
26.8
22.2
3420
112 .2
185
154
1995
6772
0.721
27.2
19.0
27.3
22.5
3397
111.9
181
161
1996
5895
0.747
27.2
18.9
27.2
22 .5
3408
112.0
178
162
1997
6394
0.767
27.6
19.1
27.4
22 .7
3371
111.5
174
163
1998
6261
0.785
27.9
19.3
27.6
22.9
3368
110. 9
170
162
1999
6688
0.798
27.8
19.0
27.3
22 .7
3417
111. 4
171
166
2000
6877
0.753
27.9
19.0
27.2
22 .7
3416
112.1
170
169
2001
6239
0.742
28.4
19.3
27.5
23.0
3397
111.8
168
166
2002
6276
0.756
28.8
19.5
27.4
23.2
3376
111.8
167
168
2003
5300
0.667
29.3
19.7
27.8
23.5
3380
112 .7
165
165
2004
4840
0.642
29.3
19.6
27.8
23.5
3406
113.5
168
171
2005
4655
0.580
30.2
20.1
28.0
24.0
3356
113. 6
160
166
2006
3780
0.473
29.9
19.9
27.9
23.8
3416
114.8
163
172
2007
3030
0.377
31.0
20.5
28.9
24 . 6
3344
111.5
158
164
2008
3128
0.366
30.5
20.2
28.7
24.3
3432
112.4
165
176
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-16
L-4 Cars
0-60
TOP
HP/
TIME
SPD
CID
13.1
114
0.438
0
13.3
114
0. 472
0
13. 4
114
0. 495
0
13.3
113
0.523
0
13.1
114
0.542
0
12.7
116
0.583
0
12 .2
117
0.652
0
12.1
118
0.693
0
11.9
119
0.714
0
11.9
119
0.741
0
11.7
120
0.790
0
11.4
122
0. 823
0
11.2
124
0.841
0
11.3
122
0. 853
0
11.1
124
0.8 65
0
10.7
126
0.919
0
10.6
127
0.937
0
10.6
127
0.957
0
10.6
127
0. 975
0
10.5
128
0. 988
0
10.4
129
1. 011
0
10.4
128
1. 005
0
10.3
129
1. 027
0
10.3
128
1.026
0
10.1
130
1.046
0
10.2
129
1.068
0
10.1
130
1.080
0
10.3
128
1. 072
0
10.0
131
1. 094
0
TON
CU-FT
CU-FT-
-MPG
-MPG
TON-MP<
32.8
2114
4220
33.9
2247
4508
34.9
2225
4495
35.1
2269
4333
35.1
2234
4173
36.0
2382
4319
37.1
2513
4365
37. 0
2489
4279
37. 9
2536
4389
37.4
2507
4316
37.7
2479
4290
37.7
2517
4271
38.1
2515
4378
38 .3
2566
4347
38.0
2510
4271
38.3
2541
4289
38.3
2529
4294
38.3
2549
4277
38 .7
2560
4291
38.8
2544
4331
38.9
2564
4365
39.2
2597
4389
39.3
2615
4397
39.8
2674
4499
40.0
2685
4551
40.2
2742
4580
40.6
2750
4674
41.1
2776
4599
41.7
2767
4696
HP/
WT
0356
0351
0352
0352
0360
0378
0395
0399
0405
0410
0416
0431
0443
0436
0446
0469
0471
0477
0476
0480
0490
0484
0492
0485
0497
0491
0499
0487
0505
September 2008
-------
Table I-11 (Continued)
Percent of L-4 Cars:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4 WD
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
1980
1981
1982
14.8
1983
17.5
1984
18 .2
1985
42.4
1.3
1986
57.3
1987
62 .2
0.0
1988
66.4
0.1
1989
72.0
0.3
1990
78 .2
0.8
1991
76.9
1.2
1992
72 .5
0.7
1993
80.2
1.3
1994
81.8
0.4
1995
80.5
1.1
1996
86.3
1.3
1997
87.5
1.5
1998
90.2
1.7
1999
91.3
1.5
2000
91.3
1.5
2001
92.4
1.4
2002
94.0
1.5
2003
91.8
2.0
2004
90.7
2.8
2005
90.2
3.1
2006
90.8
3.2
2007
94 . 6
2.5
2008
87.5
3.2
0.4
2.3
6.6
14 .5
28.5
62 .3
69. 6
79.9
84.2
95 .2
91.9
94.8
96.3
99.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.9
99.7
99.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
99. 6
8.9
10.4
19.7
37.0
35.8
31.5
6.7
11.6
9.7
10.8
4.0
8.1
5.2
3.7
1.0
4 . 6
1.9
0.8
0.5
0.1
60.1
39.9
53.2
0.5
46.3
44.5
0.5
55.0
43.8
0.7
55.5
41.6
0.7
57.7
37.8
0.9
61.3
38.4
0.7
60.7
0.1
38.9
0.1
61.0
0.3
36.3
0.1
63.5
0.2
35 .7
64 .2
32 .2
67.8
30.7
69.3
30.5
69.5
32 .2
67.8
24.8
75 .2
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-17
FIVE
WT HYBRID
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.1
8.0
10.0
11.5
10.3
16.8
14.9
19. 6
22.4
28.5
32 .7
32.0
37.9
42 . 6
47.3
48 . 6
0.0
0.2
September 2008
-------
Table 1-12
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 L-5 Cars
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
< FUEL ECONOMY >
FRAC
LAB
ADJ
CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
WGHT VOL
LB CU-FT
ENGINE
CID HP
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON CU-FT CU-FT-
-MPG -MPG TON-MPG
1993
9
0. 001
20.7
14 . 6
21.3
17.4
4247
116.2
243
280
8
0
156
1.153
0.0662
36.8
2017
4285
1994
22
0. 003
21.8
15 .3
22 .7
18 .3
4011
110. 0
222
258
8
2
152
1.164
0.0643
36.7
2013
4034
1995
29
0. 003
22.5
15 .7
23.2
18.8
4301
110.8
233
271
8
3
152
1.167
0.0630
40.5
2085
4492
1996
26
0. 003
22.1
15.4
22.4
18.4
4309
106.7
245
258
8
8
148
1. 054
0.0592
39.5
1972
4234
1997
150
0.018
24.5
17. 0
24.4
20.2
4027
107.3
217
236
9
0
144
1. 097
0.0582
40.9
2196
4400
1998
261
0.033
25 .3
17.5
24.9
20.8
3923
105 .7
202
233
8
9
145
1.165
0.0590
41.0
2215
4334
1999
363
0.043
25.4
17. 4
25.2
20.8
3826
106.2
187
223
9
1
143
1.214
0.0578
40.0
2232
4257
2000
622
0.068
24.7
16.8
24.3
20.2
3822
109.7
195
222
9
1
143
1.151
0.0576
38.7
2233
4249
2001
828
0.099
24.9
17.0
24.2
20.3
3792
108.3
185
220
9
0
143
1.210
0.0578
38. 6
2207
4184
2002
950
0.114
25.5
17.3
24.7
20.7
3788
105. 6
184
219
9
0
142
1.218
0.0575
39.3
2207
4162
2003
1619
0.204
26.8
17.9
25.9
21.7
3670
104. 6
179
212
9
1
142
1.205
0.0576
40.0
2310
4200
2004
1603
0.213
27.2
18.1
26.2
21.9
3703
107.6
174
211
9
2
141
1.222
0.0568
40.8
2387
4402
2005
2046
0.255
27.5
18.2
26.5
22.1
3749
111.0
186
215
9
2
141
1.174
0.0570
41.8
2498
4658
2006
2247
0.281
28.3
18.7
27.0
22. 6
3716
112 .5
189
220
9
0
143
1.184
0.0584
42.5
2595
4780
2007
2252
0.281
29.6
19.5
28.0
23.6
3604
111.4
170
199
9
5
137
1.181
0.0543
42.8
2677
4782
2008
2087
0.245
30.3
20.0
28.7
24.2
3565
111.2
166
197
9
6
137
1.195
0.0542
43.4
2733
4842
Percent of L-5 Cars:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
1993
100.0
1994
100.0
100.0
35 .2
1995
100.0
2.0
98.0
21.5
1996
16.2
11.4
100.0
32 .2
67.8
72.4
1997
2.0
5.4
98 .2
1.8
2 . 6
7.8
86.0
3.6
46.4
1998
7.5
10.6
98 .7
1.3
0.4
20.6
61.6
17.3
56.2
1999
17.3
11.7
98 .7
1.3
0.8
25 .7
45 .2
28.4
50.1
2000
26.8
6.6
98.9
1.1
3.7
14.4
67.6
14.4
54.9
2001
31.8
13.1
100.0
0.1
17.3
65 .3
17.3
61.1
2002
38.0
14 .3
100.0
14.9
68.4
16.7
57.8
2003
54.5
9.2
100.0
2 . 6
11.5
76.4
9.5
65 .2
2004
65.0
11.8
99.4
0.6
0.6
5.7
86.7
7.0
73. 6
2005
64 .3
8.9
98.9
1.1
8.9
4.9
84.0
2.2
79.2
2006
68 .3
6.6
99.7
0.3
9.9
2.4
87.7
0.1
81.7
2007
76.3
5.0
100.0
6.8
1.1
92.1
82.5
2008
81.9
4.1
0.3 99.7
2.5
1.3
96.2
76.4
0.9
0.2
0.2
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-18
September 2008
-------
Table 1-13
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 L-6 Cars
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
< FUEL ECONOMY >
FRAC
LAB
ADJ
CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
WGHT VOL
LB CU-FT
ENGINE
CID HP
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON CU-FT CU-FT-
-MPG -MPG TON-MPG
2000
0
0. 000
14.5
9.8
15 .2
12.1
3500
50.0
219
394
5.2
210
1.799
0.1126
21.2
606
1060
2001
0
0. 000
14.5
9.7
15.1
12.1
3500
50.0
219
394
5.2
210
1.799
0.1126
21.2
605
1058
2002
23
0. 003
22.5
15.1
22 .5
18 .5
4351
113. 6
257
333
7.1
172
1.311
0.0773
40.8
2153
4742
2003
71
0. 009
24.4
16.3
23.9
19.8
3980
101.7
206
263
8.7
153
1.269
0.0651
39.6
2024
4080
2004
172
0. 023
24.6
16.3
24.3
20.0
3996
109.1
216
264
8.5
154
1.218
0.0653
40.1
2199
4410
2005
322
0. 040
26.2
17.3
25 .2
21.1
3897
113. 0
193
228
9.2
143
1.179
0.0578
41.3
2417
4702
2006
851
0.106
27.6
18 .2
26.4
22.1
3745
107. 0
183
224
9.0
144
1.239
0.0595
41.7
2396
4483
2007
1085
0.135
27.2
17.9
26.3
21.9
3878
110. 6
196
243
8.5
149
1.253
0.0625
42. 6
2436
4735
2008
1276
0.149
26.9
17.7
26.1
21.6
3936
111.2
201
255
8.3
152
1.283
0.0646
42.8
2424
4779
Percent of L-6 Cars:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4 WD
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
2000
100.0
100.0
100.0
2001
100.0
100.0
100.0
2002
100.0
98.0
2.0
100.0
2003
25.0
100.0
16.8
74 .2
9.0
75.0
2004
14 .2
8.4
99.4
0.6
9.0
77.3
13.7
84.7
2005
55.8
11.9
98 .7
1.3
7.7
86.0
6.3
43.4
2006
48.7
10.6
96.7
3.3
5.8
92.8
1.3
73.2
2007
60.5
13.4
100.0
2.2
97.7
0.1
58 . 6
2008
53.3
21.8
14.9 85.1
2 . 6
97.3
0.1
63.9
0.3
0.2
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-19
September 2008
-------
Table 1-14
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 L-7 Cars
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
< FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
CITY HWY COMP
CU-FT CU-FT-
-MPG TON-MPG
2004
34
0. 005
21.9
14 . 6
21.6
17.9
4161
93. 4
296
298
7.5
163
1.006
0.0718
37.3
1684
3547
2005
39
0. 005
22.9
15 .2
22 .5
18 . 6
3951
79.1
279
293
7.3
165
1.066
0.0745
36.8
1469
2965
2006
166
0. 021
23.7
15.8
22 .7
19.1
4171
111. 0
226
268
8.3
154
1.211
0.0650
40.1
2136
4522
2007
148
0. 018
22.4
14.9
21.9
18 .2
4369
108.4
273
327
7.4
169
1.206
0.0749
40.4
2005
4415
2008
199
0. 023
24.0
16.0
23.0
19.3
4208
102.7
233
287
8.0
159
1.237
0.0683
40.9
1990
4265
Percent of L-7 Cars:
Mil
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4 WD
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI DSL
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
11.7
16.2
24.2
1.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
94 .2
97.0
5.8
1.7
100.0
75.9
37.4
7.5
1.9
24.1
62 . 6
92 .5
98.1
26.1
71.5
63.1
27.5
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-20
September 2008
-------
Table 1-15
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 CVT Cars
MODEL
SALES
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
VOL
ENGINE
0-60
TOP
HP/
HP/
TON
CU-FT
CU-FT-
YEAR
(000)
FRAC
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CU-FT
CID
HP
TIME
SPD
CID
WT
-MPG
-MPG
TON-MPI
CITY
HWY
COMP
1989
12
0. 001
39.6
32.0
33.6
32.8
2250
88.6
73
66
15 .3
100
0.904
0.0293
36.9
2904
3267
1990
3
0. 000
37.7
31.2
30.5
30.9
2299
88.7
73
73
14.3
103
1. 000
0.0318
35 .5
2740
3150
1991
4
0. 000
37.3
30.7
30.0
30.4
2289
88.7
73
73
14.3
103
1. 000
0.0319
34 .7
2693
3082
1992
0
0.000
38.8
31.0
32.1
31.5
2295
88.5
73
73
14.3
103
1. 000
0.0319
36.2
2796
3205
1993
1
0.000
37.2
30.0
29.9
30.0
2290
88.5
73
73
14 .3
103
1.000
0.0319
34.3
2654
3039
1996
1
0.000
40.4
30.1
34.5
32.3
2750
97.1
97
115
11.5
117
1.186
0.0418
44.4
3132
4307
1997
7
0.001
41.9
31.0
35 .7
33.3
2750
99.5
97
115
11.5
117
1.186
0.0418
45.8
3310
4552
1998
5
0. 001
42.4
30.9
36.2
33.5
2750
97.1
97
115
11.5
117
1.186
0.0418
46.1
3254
4474
1999
2
0. 000
41.8
30.2
35 . 6
32.9
2750
97.1
97
115
11.5
117
1.186
0.0418
45.2
3192
4389
2000
2
0. 000
41.9
30.0
35 .5
32.8
2750
97.1
97
115
11.5
117
1.186
0.0418
45.0
3181
4374
2001
19
0. 002
55.7
41.8
41.3
41.5
2924
96.3
90
74
17.1
98
0. 827
0. 0255
61.2
4012
5917
2002
36
0. 004
43.3
30. 9
35.4
33.2
3084
98.4
103
101
15.5
106
0. 947
0.0318
54.8
3536
5396
2003
74
0.009
41.3
28.7
34.8
31.8
3125
98 .5
104
114
11.2
112
1. 075
0.0359
52.5
3374
5196
2004
103
0.014
46.6
32.5
37. 4
35.1
3067
104 . 6
100
103
10.8
108
1.012
0.0331
57.8
4045
6142
2005
208
0.026
45.4
31.5
36.3
34.1
3224
111.5
109
109
10.2
108
0.971
0.0327
59.6
4232
6637
2006
194
0.024
42 .5
29.1
35 .2
32 .3
3312
111. 6
115
125
10.2
113
1.067
0.0363
58.1
4026
6448
2007
779
0. 097
38.0
26.2
31.9
29.2
3397
112. 6
136
153
10.0
123
1.100
0.0442
52.2
3510
5864
2008
918
0.108
38.5
26.4
32.4
29.5
3375
111. 6
137
154
9.9
124
1.105
0.0451
52 .2
3495
5817
Percent of CVT Cars:
MODEL
DRIVETRAIN
H'l 1 h'.T ¦
METERING
NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR
FRONT
1 4 WD
GDI
PORT TBI
DSL
TWO THREE FOUR
FIVE
WT
HYBRII
1989
100.0
1990
30.8
69.2
100.0
1991
100.0
100.0
1992
54.5
45 .5
100.0
1993
100.0
100.0
1996
100.0
100.0
100.0
100. 0
1997
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
1998
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
1999
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
2000
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
2001
100.0
100.0
100.0
95.9
7.8
2002
100.0
100.0
79.3
20.7
68 .5
67. 0
2003
100.0
100.0
35.5 43.6
20.8
55 . 6
55.1
2004
100.0
100.0
17.7 69.8
12 .5
64 .7
64.5
2005
84.5
15 .5
100.0
10.7 85.1
4.2
69.8
68.8
2006
87.7
12 .3
100.0
16.1 81.3
2 . 6
65.9
61.3
2007
96.2
3.8
100.0
4.2 95.8
96. 6
34.3
2008
98.8
1.2
0.9
99.1
3.9 96.1
93.5
33.3
EPA420-R-08-015 1-21 September 2008
-------
Table 1-16
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Other Vans
MODEL
SALES
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
TOP
HP/
HP/
TON
YEAR
(000)
FRAC
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
SPD
CID
WT
-MPG
CITY
HWY
COMP
1984
0
0. 000
32.4
25.9
30.0
27.6
2750
122
88
14 .3
105
0.721
0.0320
37. 9
1987
2
0. 002
18.4
15.4
15.4
15.4
4000
129
90
18 .3
97
0.698
0.0225
30.8
1989
0
0. 000
18. 6
15 .3
15 .5
15.4
4500
129
90
20.4
95
0.698
0.0200
34.7
1990
0
0. 000
18.5
15 .3
15 .3
15 .3
4500
129
90
20.8
95
0.698
0.0200
34.4
Percent of Other Vans:
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4 WD
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
1984
1987
1989
1990
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-22
September 2008
-------
Table 1-17
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 M-3 Vans
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
< FUEL ECONOMY >
FRAC LAB
ADJ
CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
WGHT
LB
ENGINE
CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
1979
40
0. 083
17.3
14.1
15 .7
14.8
4248
264
129
14 . 6
108
1980
29
0.121
19.0
15.1
17.7
16.1
4172
275
126
14 . 6
108
1981
20
0. 082
19.9
15.9
18.4
16.9
4166
274
125
14 .7
108
1982
12
0. 039
20.1
16.1
18.4
17.1
4177
276
117
15.4
105
1983
11
0. 029
19.9
15.9
18.4
17.0
4227
279
118
15 .5
105
1984
14
0. 020
20.7
16.6
19.0
17.6
4096
285
118
15 .2
106
1985
7
0. 008
20.8
16.8
18 .7
17.6
4034
287
132
13.8
111
1986
5
0. 004
20.9
16.9
18 .7
17.6
4023
281
136
13.5
112
1987
1
0. 001
20.6
16.4
18 . 6
17.4
4069
266
161
11.8
120
Percent of M-3 Vans:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4 WD
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
100.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-23
HP/ HP/
CID WT
TON
-MPG
0.490 0.0304 31.6
0.464 0.0304 33.7
0.461 0.0301 35.3
0.428 0.0281 35.6
0.424 0.0279 35.8
0.414 0.0288 36.1
0.465 0.0327 35.6
0.488 0.0337 35.6
0.605 0.0396 35.3
WT HYBRID
September 2008
-------
Table 1-18
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 M-4 Vans
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ IiB CID HP TIME SPD
CITY HWY COMP
1979
31
0. 065
15.0
12.0
13.7
12 .7
4224
272
125
15 .7
107
1980
33
0.139
19.3
15.1
18 . 6
16.5
3938
207
94
18.1
99
1981
34
0.137
19.5
15 .5
18 .2
16.6
4048
230
99
17.7
100
1982
36
0.118
21.1
16.8
19.5
17.9
3927
208
92
18.8
98
1983
34
0. 090
20.1
15.8
19.1
17.1
3953
217
98
17.6
100
1984
50
0. 074
21.3
16.7
20.1
18.1
3774
196
100
16.4
102
1985
31
0. 036
22.5
17.9
20.9
19.2
3751
180
98
16.6
101
1986
16
0. 016
21.2
16.7
19. 6
17.9
3799
191
102
16.1
102
1987
13
0. 011
20.0
15 .7
18 .3
16.8
3903
190
107
16.1
103
1988
3
0. 003
20.6
16.4
18 .5
17.3
3885
172
111
15.8
105
1989
3
0. 002
21.5
17.2
19.0
18.0
4050
168
107
16.8
102
1990
3
0. 003
21.8
17.6
18.8
18.1
4000
129
90
18.9
97
1991
0
0. 000
18.5
15 .2
15.4
15 .3
4311
129
90
19. 6
96
Percent of M-4 Vans:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4 WD GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
1979
22.1
1980
38 .7
1981
2.4
27.1
1982
20.7
15 . 6
1983
0.3
30.1
0.6
1984
17.7
31.6
0.4
1985
10.4
55 .5
0.3
1986
6.5
40.4
15.0
0.4
1987
76.2
6.3
0.1
1988
70.3
29.1
0.6
1989
73.7
25.1
1.2
1990
6.6
100.0
1991
100.0
100.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-24
HP/ HP/
CID WT
TON
-MPG
0.470 0.0290 27.2
0.476 0.0236 32.5
0.451 0.0243 33.8
0.463 0.0231 35.8
0.473 0.0245 34.0
0.559 0.0265 34.4
0.600 0.0263 36.1
0.582 0.0269 34.4
0.601 0.0272 33.0
0.666 0.0284 33.7
0.662 0.0263 36.4
0.698 0.0225 36.3
0.698 0.0209 32.9
WT HYBRID
September 2008
-------
Table 1-19 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 M-5 Vans
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
CITY HWY COMP
1983
0
0. 001
33. 9
29.8
27.3
N)
CO
Ch
3198
97
49
24.7
87
0.505
0.0160
45.5
1984
41
0. 061
27.8
21.6
26.7
23.7
3370
129
89
16.1
101
0.689
0.0266
39.9
1985
47
0. 055
27.4
21.3
26.5
23.3
3301
128
95
15.1
104
0.743
0.0290
38.5
1986
68
0. 065
26.0
20.1
24.9
22.1
3377
143
100
14.8
105
0.708
0.0300
37.3
1987
58
0. 052
25.5
19.5
24.7
21.6
3408
147
108
14 .3
107
0.738
0.0316
36.9
1988
39
0. 035
24.6
18 .5
24.3
20.8
3607
167
116
14.1
109
0.714
0.0321
37.7
1989
35
0. 027
24.1
18.0
23.7
20.3
3673
170
120
13.9
109
0.724
0.0326
37.5
1990
19
0. 015
25.2
18.8
24.4
21.2
3584
159
123
13.5
111
0.777
0.0344
38.2
1991
14
0. 013
23.8
17.8
22 . 6
19.9
3719
146
117
14.4
108
0.802
0.0314
36.9
1992
19
0. 016
26.3
19.4
25.0
21.8
3407
141
117
13.2
111
0.854
0.0347
37.2
1993
17
0. 012
24.4
17.6
24.1
20.4
3723
156
118
14 .2
108
0.762
0.0318
38.1
1994
7
0. 005
25.9
18 .7
25.1
21.4
3542
154
115
14.0
109
0.755
0.0325
38.0
1995
2
0. 001
23.9
17.9
21.5
19. 6
3942
138
119
14 .7
109
0.874
0.0321
38.4
1996
0
0. 000
28.3
20.9
25 .5
23.0
3210
133
127
11.9
116
0.955
0.0395
37. 0
Percent of M-5 Vans:
MODEL
DRIVETRAIN
H'l 1 h'.T ¦
METERING
YEAR
FRONT
4WD
GDI
PORT
TBI
1983
24.2
1984
70.9
29.1
1985
61.6
6.3
32.0
0.1
1986
31.1
19.7
33.1
4.4
1987
29.3
24.5
47.5
12 .7
1988
31.8
20.3
63.1
36.9
1989
32 .2
15 .7
68 .7
31.3
1990
56.8
12 .7
64.9
35.1
1991
6.4
35 . 6
99.0
1.0
1992
67.5
11.3
78 . 6
21.4
1993
66.5
0.6
66.0
34.0
1994
68 .5
7.0
48.1
51.9
1995
67.2
32.8
100.0
1996
58.1
41.9
100.0
DSL
100.0
1.9
2.9
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
2.7
83.2
41.0
7.0
7.8
9.9
59.0
100.0
FIVE
WT HYBRID
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-25
September 2008
-------
Table 1-20
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 A-3 Vans
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ IiB CID HP TIME SPD
CITY HWY COMP
1979
377
0.784
13. 0
10.7
11.6
11.1
4625
334
148
14 .5
112
1980
85
0.350
15.2
12 .2
13.9
12.9
4657
315
137
15 .5
108
1981
77
0.314
16.0
12.9
14 .5
13.6
4511
309
130
15 . 6
107
1982
119
0.385
15. 6
12 . 6
14 .2
13.3
4518
314
135
15 .2
108
1983
110
0.286
15.7
12 .7
14 .3
13.4
4399
316
133
15.1
109
1984
263
0.390
17. 8
14 .2
16.4
15.1
3962
249
127
14 .5
109
1985
365
0. 427
19.2
15 .5
17.6
16.4
3827
218
121
14 .7
108
1986
328
0.314
21.0
16.7
19.4
17.8
3843
204
115
15 .2
106
1987
286
0.257
19.3
15 .3
17.6
16.3
4098
239
136
14.1
111
1988
199
0.176
19.4
15 .3
17.5
16.3
4172
247
139
14 .2
112
1989
262
0.205
20.8
16.3
18.8
17.4
3899
208
131
14.1
111
1990
53
0. 042
18.7
14.8
16.4
15 . 6
4326
260
151
13.5
115
1991
19
0. 018
17.3
13.8
14.9
14 .3
4608
276
142
14.9
110
1992
23
0. 019
16.4
12.9
14.4
13.6
4897
306
174
13.4
118
1993
24
0. 017
16.6
13.0
14 . 6
13.7
5074
303
160
14 .7
113
1994
29
0. 021
16.4
12 .7
14.4
13.5
4956
307
175
13.5
118
1995
27
0. 016
16.3
12 . 6
14 .2
13.4
5030
305
168
14.1
115
1996
23
0. 016
15.9
12.1
14.0
13.0
5066
305
170
14.1
116
1997
5
0. 004
16.0
12.1
14 .2
13.1
4500
318
215
10.3
133
Percent of A-3 Vans:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4 WD
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
FIVE
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
0.4
39.7
59.2
66.3
43.2
38.1
64 . 6
16.3
6.7
1.0
0.9
16.7
29.9
46.7
70.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.4
3.2
2.7
1.4
2 . 6
2.1
1.5
24.5
68.8
53.3
29.7
0.4
0.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-26
HP/ HP/
CID WT
TON
-MPG
0.445 0.0321 25.9
0.437 0.0294 30.3
0.425 0.0290 30.8
0.431 0.0299 30.1
0.424 0.0304 29.6
0.548 0.0319 30.6
0.593 0.0314 31.9
0.597 0.0299 34.5
0.593 0.0329 33.8
0.578 0.0329 34.6
0.667 0.0333 34.5
0.615 0.0352 33.7
0.527 0.0307 33.0
0.564 0.0358 33.5
0.526 0.0318 34.9
0.568 0.0359 33.5
0.549 0.0339 33.7
0.554 0.0342 33.0
0.676 0.0478 29.4
WT HYBRID
September 2008
-------
Table 1-21
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 A-4 Vans
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
< FUEL ECONOMY >
FRAC LAB
ADJ
CITY
ADJ ADJ
HWY COMP
WGHT ENGINE
LB CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
1990
1991
1992
6 0.005
3 0.003
1 0.001
14.5
14.4
13. 6
11.2
11.1
10.4
13.5 12.2
13.2 12.0
12.5 11.3
4709
4639
4856
348
344
360
184
182
203
12.1
12.1
11.5
122
122
126
0.530 0.0393
0.530 0.0394
0.564 0.0421
28.7
27.9
27.4
Percent of A-4 Vans:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4 WD
1990
1991
1992
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
100.0
100.0
100.0
DSL
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-27
September 2008
-------
Table 1-22
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 L-3 Vans
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
< FUEL ECONOMY >
FRAC LAB
ADJ
CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
WGHT ENGINE
LB CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
1979
33
0. 068
14.7
12.0
13.0
12.4
4227
301
136
14.4
111
0.452
0.0322
26.6
1980
94
0.390
16.6
13.3
15 .3
14.1
4283
296
139
14.2
111
0. 471
0.0325
30.2
1981
114
0.466
17. 6
14.1
16.3
15.0
4307
285
137
14.5
111
0.482
0.0318
32.4
1982
142
0. 458
17. 9
14.4
16.5
15.2
4315
285
142
14.3
112
0. 493
0.0327
32.9
1983
26
0.068
19.7
15.9
17. 8
16.7
4000
225
95
18.1
99
0. 422
0.0237
33.5
1984
101
0.149
18.4
14. 6
17. 0
15. 6
4208
266
131
14.9
109
0.499
0.0309
32.9
1985
150
0.175
17.2
13. 8
15. 6
14. 6
4369
285
149
13.7
114
0.531
0.0340
32.0
1986
183
0.175
17.5
14.0
16.0
14.8
4365
288
146
13.9
113
0.518
0.0333
32.4
1987
228
0.205
22.0
17.1
20.7
18 . 6
3773
207
137
13.0
115
0.702
0.0368
35.2
1988
367
0.324
22.7
17.3
22.0
19.2
3853
194
143
12 . 6
116
0.760
0.0374
37.1
1989
111
0. 087
20.9
16.1
19. 6
17.6
3871
215
138
13.1
114
0.682
0.0360
34 .2
1990
308
0.244
23.3
17.7
21.9
19.5
3789
186
125
14.1
110
0. 677
0.0331
37.1
1991
225
0.218
23.5
17.9
21.7
19. 6
3892
183
125
14.4
109
0. 687
0. 0320
38 .3
1992
258
0.211
24.0
18.1
22.3
19.9
3902
179
128
14.0
111
0.718
0. 0329
39.0
1993
274
0.190
24 . 6
18.2
23.1
20.4
3632
179
132
13. 0
114
0.737
0.0365
37.0
1994
259
0.182
23.0
17.2
21.2
19.0
3800
190
142
12.8
116
0.745
0.0374
36.2
1995
226
0.136
24.4
18.0
22.5
20.0
3647
184
136
12.8
115
0.737
0.0374
36.6
1996
243
0.172
23.7
17. 4
21.9
19.5
4042
182
153
12 .5
118
0.845
0.0378
39.5
1997
204
0.161
23.5
17.0
21.7
19.2
4047
183
149
12.8
116
0.822
0.0367
39.0
1998
113
0. 076
24.1
17.3
22 .5
19.7
4059
173
153
12 .5
117
0.898
0.0377
40.3
1999
78
0. 053
23.7
17.0
21.7
19.2
4111
168
155
12 .5
118
0.953
0.0378
40.0
2000
76
0. 045
24.1
17.1
22.1
19.5
4097
165
155
12 .5
118
0. 961
0.0377
40.5
2001
39
0. 031
23.0
16.6
20.4
18 .5
4136
172
156
12.5
118
0. 941
0.0378
38.8
2002
17
0. 014
21.5
15.4
19.0
17.2
4219
186
160
12.4
118
0.896
0. 0380
36.9
2003
5
0.004
17.7
13.2
14.8
14.0
4516
239
175
12.2
121
0.732
0. 0388
31.7
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-28
September 2008
-------
Table 1-22 (Continued)
Percent of L-3 Vans:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4 WD GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984 8.3
1985 7.4
1986 8.3
1987 72.9 68.2
1988 87.8 87.8 12.2
1989 63.5 63.5 36.5
1990 90.1 30.6 69.4
1991 90.8 39.1 60.9
1992 94.0 63.0 37.0
1993 96.8 72.7 27.3
1994 78.6 75.0 25.0 100.0
1995 91.2 69.3 30.7 100.0
1996 90.2 100.0 87.1 12.9
1997 86.5 100.0 81.7 18.3
1998 88.4 100.0 56.4 43.6
1999 78.5 100.0 21.5 78.5
2000 81.2 100.0 18.8 81.2
2001 74.1 100.0 25.9 74.1
2002 58.1 100.0 41.9 58.1
2003 100.0 100.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-29
September 2008
-------
Table 1-23 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 L-4 Vans
MODEL
SALES
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
TOP
HP/
HP/
TON
YEAR
(000)
FRAC
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
SPD
CID
WT
-MPG
CITY
HWY
COMP
1981
0
0. 000
15.9
12 .7
14 .7
13.5
4500
302
142
14.4
111
0.470
0. 0316
30.5
1983
201
0.525
18.2
14 .3
17.3
15 .5
4569
306
151
14.0
113
0. 495
0.0331
35.8
1984
207
0.307
19.0
14.8
18 .3
16.2
4363
276
136
14.8
110
0.517
0.0310
35 .7
1985
255
0.299
19.9
15.4
19.2
16.9
4106
259
138
13. 9
112
0.556
0.0337
35 .2
1986
445
0.426
21.1
16.2
20.5
17. 9
4064
234
134
14.1
111
0.593
0. 0329
36.5
1987
526
0.472
21.0
16.0
20.4
17. 8
4053
237
151
12.8
117
0.665
0.0372
36.1
1988
524
0.4 63
20.7
15. 6
20.3
17.5
4182
251
155
12.8
117
0.641
0.0372
36.6
1989
8 67
0.679
21.2
15.9
20.7
17.8
4144
234
153
12.8
117
0.681
0.0369
37.2
1990
872
0. 691
20.8
15 .5
20.3
17.5
4196
238
158
12 . 6
118
0.686
0.0376
36.9
1991
772
0.747
21.0
15 . 6
20.3
17.6
4196
229
156
12 .7
117
0.708
0.0373
37.1
1992
919
0.753
21.0
15 .5
20.2
17.5
4217
234
159
12 . 6
118
0.702
0.0377
37.0
1993
1127
0.782
21.4
15 . 6
20.8
17.8
4205
226
161
12.4
119
0.733
0. 0383
37.6
1994
1123
0.792
21.3
15 .5
20.6
17.7
4221
232
163
12.3
119
0.720
0. 0387
37.5
1995
1406
0.846
21.6
15.5
21.0
17. 9
4166
237
162
12.2
120
0.707
0.0390
37.4
1996
1143
0.811
22.1
15.7
21.5
18.3
4211
227
174
11.7
123
0.783
0.0415
38 .5
1997
1039
0.821
21.9
15.5
21.1
18.0
4277
226
179
11.6
124
0.801
0.0419
38. 6
1998
1376
0.924
22 . 6
15.9
21.9
18. 6
4193
221
182
11.2
126
0.835
0.0435
39.1
1999
1385
0.947
22 .2
15.5
21.5
18 .2
4318
226
184
11.4
125
0.825
0.0427
39.4
2000
1615
0. 955
22.7
15.8
21.8
18 . 6
4284
219
184
11.3
125
0.853
0.0430
39.9
2001
1194
0. 969
22.1
15 .3
21.1
18.0
4531
231
203
10.9
129
0.896
0.0449
41.1
2002
1028
0. 827
23.1
15.9
21.9
18 .7
4352
219
194
10.9
128
0.901
0.0448
41.0
2003
977
0.793
23.6
16.1
22 .3
19.1
4356
222
196
10.9
128
0. 891
0. 0450
41.7
2004
505
0.530
23.2
15 .7
22.1
18 .7
4444
230
201
10.8
129
0.882
0.0453
41.7
2005
952
0. 643
23.7
15.9
22.4
19.1
4381
222
198
10.8
129
0.896
0.0452
41.8
2006
656
0.5 63
23.6
15.8
22.4
19.0
4491
224
198
11.0
128
0. 891
0. 0442
42 .7
2007
441
0.503
23.8
15.9
22.8
19.2
4442
227
204
10.7
130
0.902
0.0459
42.7
2008
235
0.264
23.8
16.0
22.5
19.1
4662
221
191
11.9
124
0.864
0.0408
44.7
EPA420-R-08-015 1-30 September 2008
-------
Table 1-23 (Continued)
Percent of L-4 Vans:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4 WD GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR
1983
CO
1984
15.9
3.0
1985
0.1
15 .3
0.9
1.0
1986
0.1
44.0
37.0
0.4
1987
0.9
50.9
48.9
0.2
1988
0.2
45.0
54.8
0.2
1989
21.7
0.4
60.4
39.5
0.1
1990
33.6
8.8
67.1
32.8
0.1
1991
24.5
13.9
69.1
30.8
0.1
1992
32 .5
7.1
73.6
26.4
0.1
1993
39.2
5.8
80.3
19.7
0.3
0.6
1994
47.5
8.1
82.4
17. 6
95.7
2.6
1.7
1995
57.7
10.7
90. 0
10.0
94.7
1.2
4.1
1996
71.8
2.9
100. 0
95.7
1.3
3.0
1997
61.9
4.9
100. 0
95.9
1.3
2.8
1998
77.5
3.5
100. 0
92.4
7.6
1999
75.8
2.9
100.0
91.3
8.7
2000
80.6
2.8
100.0
81.2
18.8
2001
69.1
8.9
100.0
79.1
20.9
2002
81.7
3.7
100.0
86.0
14.0
2003
79.8
6.3
100.0
93.0
7.0
2004
79.9
4.1
100.0
90.0
10.0
2005
89.5
2.1
100.0
96.5
3.5
2006
88.0
1.9
100.0
94 . 6
5.4
2007
92.7
0.9
100. 0
97.7
2.3
2008
83.9
2.5
100. 0
100.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-31
FIVE
WT HYBRID
8.7
15.7
17.5
10.8
4.4
8.8
1.3
3.4
16.0
9.3
September 2008
-------
Table 1-24
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 L-5 Vans
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
< FUEL ECONOMY >
FRAC LAB
ADJ
CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
WGHT ENGINE
LB CID HP
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
1997
17
0. 014
20.4
14 . 6
19.5
Ch
CO
4236
244
160
12 .5
118
2002
198
0.160
23.0
15.8
22.0
18 .7
4625
212
228
10.1
136
2003
250
0.203
23.2
15.8
22.1
18.8
4536
208
225
10.1
136
2004
448
0. 470
24.3
16.3
23.4
19.7
4534
206
228
9.9
137
2005
453
0.306
24.4
16.2
23.5
19.7
4563
207
232
9.9
138
2006
454
0.390
25.1
16.7
24.1
20.3
4489
209
231
9.8
138
2007
403
0. 460
24.8
16.6
23.7
20.0
4500
215
249
9.2
143
mis
452
0.507
25.1
16.7
23.9
20.2
4500
215
250
9.1
144
Percent of L-5 Vans:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4 WD
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
1997
47.3
100.0
100.0
2002
100.0
100.0
100.0
2003
100.0
100.0
100.0
2004
94 .2
5.8
100.0
100.0
2005
94 .7
5.3
100.0
100.0
2006
95.4
4 . 6
100.0
100.0
2007
98.0
2.0
100.0
100.0
2008
96.0
4.0
100.0
100.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-32
HP/ HP/
CID WT
TON
-MPG
0.656 0.0379 35.6
1.075 0.0496 43.4
1.080 0.0499 42.7
1.107 0.0504 44.7
1.121 0.0511 45.1
1.102 0.0514 45.6
1.161 0.0553 45.1
1.164 0.0556 45.5
WT HYBRID
75.0
79.4
88.1
79.0
88.5
84.9
81.8
September 2008
-------
Table 1-25
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 L-6 Vans
MODEL SALES
< FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB
ADJ ADJ ADJ
CITY HWY COMP
0-60 TOP HP/ HP/
LB CID HP TIME SPD
CID
WT
TON
-MPG
2008 205 0.230 24.2
Percent of L-6 Vans:
16.1 23.3 19.5
4582 229 202
11.3 128 0.885 0.0439 44.8
MODEL DRIVETRAIN
YEAR FRONT 4 WD
Iffl
94.9
5.1
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI DSL
100.0
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
100.0
WT HYBRID
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-33
September 2008
-------
Table 1-26
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 CVT Vans
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
< FUEL ECONOMY >
FRAC LAB
ADJ
CITY
ADJ ADJ
HWY COMP
WGHT ENGINE
LB CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
2005 76 0.051 25.4 17.3 23.2 20.2 4239 182 203 10.3 132 1.115 0.0480 42.8
2006 55 0.047 25.7 17.4 23.6 20.5 4181 182 203 10.2 133 1.115 0.0487 42.8
2007 33 0.037 25.4 17.3 23.3 20.2 4242 182 203 10.3 132 1.115 0.0480 42.9
Percent of CVT Vans:
MODEL
DRIVETRAIN
FUEL METERING
NUMBER OF VALVES
ms
FRONT
4WD
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
TWO THREE FOUR
2005
52.1
47.9
100.0
100.0
2006
63.9
36.1
100.0
100.0
2007
51.6
48.4
100.0
100.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-34
September 2008
-------
Table 1-27
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Other SUVs
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY >
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ
CITY HWY COMP
WGHT ENGINE
LB CID HP
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
1983 1 0.003 13.7
Percent of Other SUVs:
10.6 13.3 11.6
5000 318 160
14.3 113 0.503 0.0320 29.1
MODEL
YEAR
4^5
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4 WD
100.0
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-35
September 2008
-------
Table 1-28
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 M-3 SUVs
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
< FUEL ECONOMY >
FRAC LAB
ADJ
CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
WGHT
LB
ENGINE
CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
1979
83
0.207
16.6
13.8
14.4
14.0
3272
276
120
12 . 6
113
1980
19
0.106
15. 6
12 .5
14.1
13.2
4780
310
140
15 .2
108
1981
9
0.066
16.5
13.4
14.9
14.0
4693
304
131
15 . 6
106
1982
9
0. 058
16.3
13.1
14.9
13.9
4657
307
136
15.1
108
1983
8
0. 028
17.5
14.0
16.0
14.8
4705
308
137
15.0
108
1984
4
0. 006
15. 6
12 .2
15.0
13.3
5066
311
161
14.0
113
1985
12
0. 016
16.9
13.6
15 .5
14.4
4793
306
150
14 .2
111
1986
9
0. 012
16.7
13.3
15.4
14 .2
4884
307
146
14.8
109
1987
6
0. 007
16.4
13.0
14.9
13.8
5047
314
164
13.9
114
1988
3
0. 003
15. 6
12 .2
14.4
13.1
5098
340
192
12 .5
121
1989
3
0. 003
15.8
12 .3
14 .5
13.3
5111
326
174
13.5
116
1990
1
0. 001
14.9
11.4
14.0
12 .5
5203
343
199
12 .2
122
1991
0
0. 000
15.0
11.6
13.6
12 .5
5000
348
207
11.4
126
1992
19
0. 019
21.2
16.0
19.7
17.6
3500
242
190
9.3
136
Percent of M-3 SUVs:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4 WD
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
97.7
84.2
96.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
1.7
14 .2
33.9
51.0
12 .3
40.7
100.0
39.0
83.8
59.3
100.0
100.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-36
HP/ HP/
CID WT
TON
-MPG
0.436 0.0370 23.0
0.451 0.0291 31.7
0.430 0.0278 33.1
0.442 0.0290 32.4
0.447 0.0291 35.2
0.518 0.0317 33.8
0.489 0.0313 34.8
0.474 0.0298 34.8
0.522 0.0326 35.1
0.563 0.0377 33.6
0.531 0.0340 34.1
0.578 0.0383 32.6
0.593 0.0414 31.3
0.785 0.0543 30.8
WT HYBRID
September 2008
-------
Table 1-29
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 M-4 SUVs
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
< FUEL ECONOMY >
FRAC LAB
ADJ
CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
WGHT
LB
ENGINE
CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
1979
50
0.126
12.4
10.1
11.1
10.5
4888
322
153
14 .5
111
1980
61
0.330
19.1
15.4
17.2
16.2
3184
222
95
14.9
104
1981
47
0.343
20.1
16.0
18 .7
17.1
3293
235
105
14.0
107
1982
28
0.175
19.5
15.4
18 .2
16.6
3634
245
107
15.0
105
1983
47
0.163
20.7
16.4
19.4
17.6
3403
212
106
14 .5
107
1984
83
0.133
20.6
16.3
19.2
17.5
3603
204
105
15 .2
105
1985
58
0. 078
22.0
17.3
20.7
18 .7
3529
158
95
16.2
102
1986
27
0. 035
21.6
17.1
20.0
18 .3
3616
198
114
14.1
108
1987
18
0. 021
20.1
15 .7
18 .7
17.0
3872
193
118
14 .5
107
1988
1
0. 001
27.1
21.2
24.7
22 .7
3348
150
117
13.0
111
1992
16
0. 016
22.1
16.5
20.8
18.4
3484
239
188
9.3
136
Percent of M-4 SUVs:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4 WD
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1992
55 .3
100.0
100.0
98.0
93.9
95 .5
88.3
84.8
79.1
69.7
67.7
9.0
53.0
6.4 67.8
100.0
100. 0
1.5
6.6
8.2
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-37
HP/ HP/
CID WT
TON
-MPG
0.479 0.0311 25.9
0.462 0.0299 26.1
0.467 0.0323 28.3
0.472 0.0299 30.4
0.538 0.0313 30.2
0.555 0.0294 31.8
0.630 0.0268 33.4
0.610 0.0317 33.6
0.639 0.0307 34.3
0.780 0.0351 38.0
0.788 0.0539 32.0
WT HYBRID
September 2008
-------
Table 1-30
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 M-5 SUVs
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
< FUEL ECONOMY >
FRAC LAB
ADJ
CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
WGHT ENGINE
LB CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
10
38
96
135
252
297
318
239
209
239
190
212
268
278
141
286
210
179
160
148
160
121
122
57
47
31
45
0. 065
0.130
0.155
0.184
0.326
0.340
0.329
0.258
0.295
0.218
0.190
0.162
0.165
0.153
0.075
0.117
0.082
0.063
0. 051
0. 043
0. 038
0. 029
0. 026
0. 014
0.012
0.007
0.009
20.2
21.6
22.5
22.2
24.0
24.1
23.8
22 .3
22.4
22.0
22.2
22.3
21.9
22.0
23.7
23.1
23.1
23.2
22. 6
23.8
22.8
24.0
23.5
27.7
26.6
28.1
28.5
15 .7
16.7
17.3
17. 0
18.8
18.8
18.5
17.1
17.2
16.8
16.8
16.9
16.5
16.6
17. 6
17.1
17. 0
17. 0
16.5
17.2
16.3
17.0
16.5
19.0
18.3
19.2
19.6
19. 6
21.2
22.0
22.0
22. 6
22.5
22.2
20.9
20.6
20.2
20.4
20.3
19.7
19.5
21.3
20.6
20.5
20.6
20.0
20.9
20.3
21.2
20.9
24.6
23.7
25.1
25.0
17.2
18 .5
19.2
19.0
20.4
20.4
20.0
18 .7
18 .7
18 .3
18.4
18.4
18.0
18.0
19.3
18.7
18.7
18 .7
18 .2
19.0
18 .3
19.1
18 .7
21.8
21.0
22.2
22.4
3062
3495
3468
3564
3409
3274
3315
3589
3497
3739
3700
3641
3630
3535
3588
3537
3586
3666
3778
3718
3899
3732
3792
3608
3744
3684
3729
244
203
180
169
150
157
159
178
172
186
176
186
180
169
174
176
177
176
181
169
179
174
182
147
151
144
144
105
110
105
106
107
111
114
126
124
140
133
149
146
140
146
149
153
154
155
158
165
164
169
157
163
165
164
13.3
14.1
14.5
14.7
14.4
13.7
13.5
13.2
13.1
12 .7
12.9
11.8
12.0
12.1
11.8
11.4
11.4
11.4
11.6
11.3
11.3
11.0
10.9
11.1
11.1
10.8
11.0
109
108
106
106
107
109
110
112
112
116
114
120
119
118
119
121
122
121
121
122
123
124
125
123
124
125
124
0.437
0.563
0.599
0. 636
0.725
0.729
0.742
0.730
0.750
0.766
0.776
0.811
0. 820
0.841
0. 876
0.866
0.894
0.913
0.900
0.974
0.956
0. 979
0. 963
1. 081
1. 088
1.144
1.139
0. 0344
0.0319
0.0307
0.0299
0.0313
0.0336
0.0341
0.0351
0.0353
0.0373
0. 0359
0.0408
0.0401
0.0397
0.0406
0.0423
0.0426
0.0419
0.0411
0.0424
0.0425
0. 0440
0. 0447
0.0438
0.0435
0.0448
0.0439
26.5
32 . 6
33.2
33.9
34.8
33.3
33.1
33.7
32.7
34.2
34.1
33.6
32 .7
31.8
34 . 6
33.2
33. 8
34. 6
34. 6
35.7
36.0
36.2
36.0
39.5
39.5
41.0
41.9
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-38
September 2008
-------
Table 1-30 (Continued)
Percent of M-5 SUVs:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR
FRONT
4WD
GDI PORT
TBI
DSL
TWO
THREE
FOUR
1982
100.0
1983
90.4
1984
92 .7
1985
94 .7
11.9
1.2
0.6
1986
97.4
27.3
15 .5
2.0
1987
96.7
33.2
19.9
0.1
1988
91.7
50.4
12.9
1989
86.8
51.3
33. 9
1990
88.6
54.9
34.3
1991
78.5
70.5
28.8
1992
69. 9
66.0
32.5
1993
74.4
84.8
13.7
0.4
1994
1.8
73. 4
82.7
17.3
77. 8
6.5
15. 6
1995
0.1
79.2
92.0
8.0
79.9
20.1
1996
2.9
59.0
100. 0
47.1
52.9
1997
2.9
70.3
100. 0
48.9
51.1
1998
2.9
74.4
100. 0
49.7
50.3
1999
2.4
75.5
100. 0
52.2
47.8
2000
1.6
76.8
100. 0
59.2
40.8
2001
11.8
67.7
100. 0
47.1
52.9
2002
14.9
68.9
100. 0
35.9
64.1
2003
28.6
62.4
100. 0
39.9
60.1
2004
23.9
66.1
100. 0
39.7
60.3
2005
50.2
43.7
100. 0
0.4
99. 6
2006
43.9
48.0
100. 0
100. 0
2007
50.2
48.1
100. 0
5.4
94. 6
2008
54.9
43.9
100. 0
6.0
94.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-39
FIVE
WT HYBRID
10.7
12. 6
19.1
16.8
27.6
34. 6
47.3
47.5
September 2008
-------
Table 1-31
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 M-6 SUVs
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
< FUEL ECONOMY >
FRAC LAB
ADJ
CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
WGHT
LB
ENGINE
CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
2004
6
0. 001
22.3
14.8
22.0
CO
N)
4253
177
218
9.7
137
2005
46
0. 011
20.1
14.1
18.0
16.1
3784
228
194
9.7
134
2006
49
0. 013
19.5
13.7
17.3
15 .5
4010
229
196
10.1
132
2007
58
0. 013
21.3
15.0
18 .7
16.9
4282
232
209
10.1
133
2008
55
0. 011
21.3
14.9
18.9
17.0
4289
235
215
10.0
135
Percent of M-6 SUVs:
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4 WD
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
FIVE
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
100.0
94.0
93.4
91.7
89.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
76.7
75.1
68 . 6
72 .3
100.0
23.3
24.9
31.4
27.7
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-40
HP/ HP/ TON
CID WT -MPG
1.232 0.0518 38.5
0.861 0.0513 30.7
0.865 0.0487 31.4
0.903 0.0488 36.2
0.914 0.0500 36.4
WT HYBRID
100.0
11.9
13.7
31.4
27.7
September 2008
-------
Table 1-32
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 A-3 SUVs
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
< FUEL ECONOMY >
FRAC LAB
ADJ
CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
WGHT
LB
ENGINE
CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
1979
265
0. 661
11.7
9.7
10.1
9.9
4823
349
149
14.9
111
1980
56
0.303
13.7
11.1
12.4
11.6
4496
326
140
14 . 6
110
1981
24
0.179
14.2
11.5
12.8
12.1
4743
326
142
15.0
109
1982
45
0.280
15.7
12.9
13.7
13.3
4178
281
129
14 . 6
109
1983
47
0.164
16.2
13.2
14.4
13.7
4116
276
126
14 . 6
109
1984
173
0.277
16.4
13.1
15.0
13.9
4141
258
128
14.8
109
1985
88
0.120
14.2
11.4
13.0
12.0
4717
337
165
13.4
116
1986
53
0. 069
14.5
11.5
13.3
12 .3
4653
337
158
13.8
114
1987
58
0. 067
14. 6
11.5
13.3
12 .3
4604
327
152
14.0
113
1988
61
0. 063
14.9
11.7
13.7
12 . 6
4649
331
160
13.6
115
1989
60
0. 065
14.5
11.4
13.2
12 .2
4610
330
162
13.4
116
1990
14
0. 020
15.9
12.4
14 .3
13.3
3991
307
128
14 .3
110
1991
11
0. 010
16.4
12.8
14.8
13.7
3847
283
167
11.3
125
1992
6
0. 006
16.1
13.0
13.7
13.3
3500
242
190
9.3
136
1993
8
0. 006
18.0
14 .2
15 . 6
14.8
3500
242
190
9.3
136
1994
25
0. 016
22.1
17.3
18.9
18.0
3500
134
118
13.7
110
Percent of A-3 SUVs:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4 WD
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
63.7
99.7
100.0
72 .5
71.1
92 .5
81.2
91.9
93.2
95 . 6
94.7
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
11.9
39.8
36.8
0.7
65 .3
100.0
100.0
100.0
17.1
25 .3
0.4
100.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-41
HP/ HP/
CID WT
TON
-MPG
0.432 0.0310 23.9
0.429 0.0312 26.2
0.439 0.0301 28.6
0.472 0.0312 27.5
0.476 0.0313 28.0
0.518 0.0307 29.1
0.492 0.0349 28.5
0.469 0.0338 28.7
0.464 0.0330 28.5
0.484 0.0344 29.3
0.488 0.0350 28.1
0.418 0.0320 26.6
0.625 0.0447 26.4
0.785 0.0543 23.3
0.785 0.0543 26.0
0.881 0.0337 31.6
WT HYBRID
September 2008
-------
Table 1-33
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 A-4 SUVs
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
< FUEL ECONOMY >
FRAC LAB
ADJ
CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
WGHT
LB
ENGINE
CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
1987
15
0. 017
21.0
17.4
18.0
17.7
3500
156
109
14 . 6
107
1988
7
0. 008
20.1
16.5
17.1
16.8
3500
156
109
14 . 6
107
1989
9
0. 010
19.4
15.8
16.5
16.1
4000
181
143
13.0
115
1990
13
0. 019
15.5
11.9
14.4
13.0
4728
312
169
13.1
117
1991
5
0. 004
15.8
12.1
14 .5
13.2
4748
313
169
13.1
117
1992
0
0. 000
13. 0
10.0
11.9
10.9
5000
357
193
12 .3
122
1997
22
0. 009
25.9
19.4
22 . 6
21.0
3000
149
142
10.4
125
55/45
Perce:
cent of A-4 SUVs:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4 WD
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
1987
1988
100.0
100.0
1989
100.0
100
0
1990
54 . 6
9
0
91.0
1991
56.6
6
9
93.1
1992
91.2
6
9
93.1
1997
100
0
100.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-42
HP/ HP/
CID WT
TON
-MPG
0.699 0.0311 30.9
0.699 0.0311 29.4
0.790 0.0357 32.3
0.557 0.0358 31.0
0.550 0.0357 31.4
0.541 0.0386 27.2
0.953 0.0473 31.4
WT HYBRID
September 2008
-------
Table 1-34
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 L-3 SUVs
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
< FUEL ECONOMY >
FRAC LAB
ADJ
CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
WGHT ENGINE
LB CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
1979
2
0. 006
13.1
10.8
11.5
11.1
4720
340
152
14 .3
112
0.447
0.0322
26.3
1980
48
0.262
14.4
11.4
13.4
12 .2
5042
342
161
14.3
113
0. 470
0.0319
30.9
1981
56
0.411
16.0
12 .7
14.9
13.6
4659
318
149
14.3
112
0. 468
0.0319
31.8
1982
25
0.157
16.7
13.2
15.8
14.2
4284
313
135
14.5
110
0. 436
0.0316
30.7
1983
26
0.090
15 .7
12.5
14. 6
13. 4
4280
330
135
14.5
110
0.410
0.0317
28.9
1984
51
0.082
20.8
17. 0
18.7
17.7
3364
174
104
14.7
106
0.607
0.0311
29.7
1985
63
0.086
20.6
16.6
18.7
17.5
3441
166
105
14.9
106
0.632
0.0305
30.2
1986
83
0.108
20.0
16.2
17.8
16.9
3549
178
117
13.9
109
0.669
0.0330
30.1
1987
24
0. 027
17. 9
14 .3
16.1
15.1
4114
212
141
13.4
113
0.702
0.0345
31.0
1988
5
0. 005
17. 6
13.7
16.6
14.9
4500
318
145
14 .2
112
0.456
0.0322
33.5
1989
17
0. 019
29.6
24.1
25 .3
24 . 6
2500
97
80
14 .3
104
0.825
0.0320
30.8
1990
14
0. 020
28.7
23.2
24.4
23.7
2750
97
80
15.4
102
0. 825
0.0291
32 . 6
1991
46
0. 042
22.5
18.4
18 .7
18 . 6
3269
133
88
16.3
101
0. 681
0.0270
30.4
1992
34
0. 034
22.1
18.0
18.2
18.1
3146
128
94
15.0
104
0.748
0. 0300
28.7
1993
37
0.028
22.0
17. 9
18.0
18.0
3145
128
94
15.0
104
0.749
0.0301
28.4
1994
42
0.026
24 . 6
19.2
21.0
20.1
2830
126
104
13.5
110
0.834
0.0360
28.7
1995
45
0.025
24.1
18.7
20.6
19.6
2870
130
113
12 .5
114
0.893
0.0387
28.6
1996
18
0.009
27.4
21.2
22.9
22.0
2736
97
95
13.3
108
0.979
0.0347
30.1
1997
37
0. 015
20.7
15 .5
18 .2
16.8
3335
188
147
11.4
122
0.808
0.0437
28.1
1998
32
0. 012
20.4
15 .3
17.7
16.5
3300
191
150
11.2
123
0.812
0. 0448
27.4
1999
31
0. 011
18.8
13.9
16.7
15 .3
3915
226
171
11.2
124
0.758
0.0434
29.9
2000
37
0. 012
19.1
14.1
16.8
15.4
3934
230
173
11.1
125
0.755
0.0438
30.3
2001
28
0. 008
18.9
14.0
16.4
15 .2
3951
233
175
11.0
126
0.753
0.0442
30.0
2002
27
0. 007
18.4
13.6
15 .7
14.7
3969
236
190
10.4
131
0. 805
0.0478
29.1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-43
September 2008
-------
Table 1-34 (Continued)
Percent of L-3 SUVs:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4 WD
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
FIVE
WT HYBRID
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
63.9
77.2
95 . 6
99.9
100.0
94.8
84.3
77.1
100. 0
100. 0
33.1
28.8
25.0
71.9
81.9
61.2
92.3
89.8
97. 6
98.9
100. 0
100. 0
5.0
37. 6
82.5
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
13.8
77.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
95.0
62.4
17.5
91.7
100. 0
80.5
76.6
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
8.3
100.0
19.5
23.4
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-44
September 2008
-------
Table 1-35
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 L-4 SUVs
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
< FUEL ECONOMY >
FRAC LAB
ADJ
CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
WGHT ENGINE
LB CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
43
122
217
379
348
454
571
597
456
794
737
1053
1287
1494
1730
1808
1928
2226
2556
2739
3065
2933
2875
1882
1471
1486
1394
0.265
0. 423
0.347
0.515
0.450
0.520
0.590
0.645
0. 645
0.725
0.735
0.804
0.793
0. 822
0.916
0.738
0.747
0.786
0. 813
0.794
0.731
0.712
0. 610
0. 461
0.391
0.348
0.287
19.4
20.2
20.1
20.6
19.2
20.1
19.7
19.8
19.0
19.9
19.2
19.4
19.2
19.1
19.7
19. 6
19.7
19.9
19.9
20.9
20.8
20.7
21.0
21.7
22 .3
22 .5
23.1
14.9
15 .5
15.4
15.7
14.7
15.2
15.0
15.0
14 .2
14.8
14 .2
14 .2
14.1
13. 9
14.2
14.2
14.1
14.2
14 .2
14.8
14 . 6
14.4
14 .5
14.9
15.3
15.4
15.7
19.0
20.0
20.0
20.7
18.9
19.9
19.2
19.0
18.4
19.3
18 .5
18.8
18 .3
18.2
18.8
18.5
18.7
18 . 6
18 .5
19.1
19.2
19.2
19.5
19.8
20.4
20.8
21.3
16.5
17.2
17.2
17. 6
16.4
17. 0
16.7
16.7
15.9
16.7
16.1
16.2
16.0
15.8
16.3
16.2
16.2
16.2
16.2
16.9
16.8
16.8
16.9
17. 4
17. 9
18.1
18.5
5287
4549
4406
4164
4266
4089
4071
4168
4315
4215
4260
4301
4389
4431
4356
4467
4447
4477
4514
4394
4534
4669
4650
4634
4481
4733
4558
336
256
241
218
233
228
240
2 63
259
247
247
257
255
257
260
259
256
252
250
230
235
240
245
237
223
239
227
146
131
130
123
140
152
158
168
171
167
176
188
187
184
189
197
197
204
205
206
224
228
230
235
225
238
228
16.3
15.7
15.3
15.3
13. 9
12.8
12 .3
11.9
12.1
12.0
11.7
11.2
11.4
11.6
11.2
11.1
11.0
10.8
10.8
10.6
10.2
10.2
10.1
10.0
10.1
10.1
10.1
108
107
108
107
112
117
119
122
122
121
123
127
126
125
127
128
128
130
130
131
135
135
136
137
136
137
136
0.437
0.545
0.567
0.586
0. 643
0.689
0.679
0.652
0.680
0.687
0.723
0.743
0.747
0.734
0.741
0.786
0.795
0.843
0.850
0.929
0.978
0. 974
0. 961
1. 009
1. 028
1.011
1.025
0. 0279
0. 0288
0.0295
0.0294
0.0333
0.0375
0.0395
0.0410
0.0404
0.0401
0.0419
0. 0444
0.0431
0. 0422
0.0438
0.0442
0.0444
0.0456
0.0455
0.0469
0.0494
0. 0489
0.0496
0.0504
0.0499
0.0498
0.0497
44.9
39. 6
38.0
36.7
34.8
34.7
33. 9
34. 6
34.3
35.2
34 .2
34.8
35.1
35.1
35 .5
36.1
36.1
36.3
36.5
37.1
38.1
38.9
39.2
40.0
40.0
42. 6
42.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-45
September 2008
-------
Table 1-35 (Continued)
Percent of L-4 SUVs:
MODEL
DRIVETRAIN
FUEL METERING
NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR
FRONT
4WD
GDI PORT
TBI
DSL
TWO
THREE
FOUR
1982
55 . 6
52 .3
1983
70.8
15.9
1984
67.8
6.7
1985
71.0
2.7
1.2
2.5
1986
77.2
32.4
38.4
1.9
1987
74.1
39.3
60.0
0.7
1988
78.4
47.9
51.6
0.5
1989
78.8
45 .5
54.1
0.4
1990
81.6
63.4
36.1
0.4
1991
78 .3
60.0
39.8
0.2
1992
74.1
76.8
23.2
1993
57.4
88 . 6
11.4
0.5
1994
0.3
78 .3
88.3
11.7
88.5
4.0
7.5
1995
79.1
84 . 6
15.4
84.7
15 .3
1996
0.8
72.1
100.0
0.0
87.4
12 . 6
1997
1.2
73.4
100.0
0.0
76.8
23.2
1998
2.1
74 .2
100.0
76.8
23.2
1999
3.2
66.4
100.0
70.0
30.0
2000
3.0
Ch
CO
N)
100.0
74.0
26.0
2001
16.7
57.7
100.0
57.0
43.0
2002
12.1
61.4
100.0
42.9
57.1
2003
12.4
60.1
100.0
46.0
54.0
2004
12.1
60.7
100.0
50.2
49.8
2005
21.1
58.7
100.0
37.9
5 . 6
56.5
2006
24.1
58.4
100.0
28.9
6.3
64.8
2007
20.1
54.9
100.0
55 .5
44.5
2008
22.8
58.0
100.0
48.1
51.9
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-46
FIVE
WT
HYBRID
4.1
3.5
12.9
29.3
33.2
30.5
32.4
41.8
28.4 0.5
25.4 0.2
September 2008
-------
Table 1-36 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 L-5 SUVs
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ IiB CID HP TIME SPD
CITY HWY COMP
1997
297
0.121
20.1
14 .5
19.1
16.6
4470
244
160
13.0
116
1998
411
0.159
20.5
14 .7
19.3
16.8
4306
239
166
12 .3
120
1999
394
0.139
20.6
14 .7
19.2
16.8
4337
240
187
11.3
126
2000
390
0.124
20.5
14 .5
19.1
16.7
4418
241
186
11.5
125
2001
534
0.155
20.0
14.1
18.8
16.3
4497
242
220
10.1
135
2002
935
0.223
19.6
13.7
18 .5
16.0
4547
249
223
10.1
135
2003
968
0.235
20.4
14.1
19.0
16.5
4624
244
230
10.0
136
2004
1578
0.335
20.5
14.1
19.1
16.5
4685
249
246
9.7
140
2005
1947
0. 477
21.4
14 . 6
19.8
17.2
4555
231
234
9.9
138
2006
1806
0.481
21.8
14.8
20.2
17.5
4558
228
231
10.0
137
2007
1750
0.409
22.9
15 . 6
21.0
18 .3
4443
222
234
9.7
139
2008
1921
0.395
23.0
15 .7
21.3
18 .5
4504
223
244
9.5
141
Percent of L-5 SUVs:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4 WD
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
FIVE
1997
64 . 6
100.0
100.0
1998
53.0
100.0
90.4
9.6
1999
54.8
100.0
86.8
13.2
2000
53.2
100.0
86.3
9.2
4.5
2001
67.8
100.0
75.0
7.5
17.5
2002
69.5
100.0
83.4
4.7
11.9
2003
2.8
74.1
100.0
50.1
3.7
46.2
2004
10.2
72 .5
100.0
36.2
1.2
62 .5
2005
12 .2
70.1
99. 6
0.4
35.1
1.1
63.8
2006
16.8
63.9
99. 6
0.4
29.9
0.0
70.1
2007
22 .3
62.1
99.9
0.1
28.1
71.9
2008
23.2
58.4
99.4
0.6
26.5
0.0
73.5
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-47
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
0.656 0.0358 37.0
0.701 0.0386 36.2
0.782 0.0430 36.4
0.780 0.0422 36.8
0.922 0.0492 36.8
0.906 0.0492 36.4
0.958 0.0499 38.2
1.007 0.0526 38.9
1.030 0.0513 39.2
1.024 0.0506 39.9
1.073 0.0526 40.8
1.108 0.0540 41.7
WT HYBRID
1.4
17.5
9.5
26.4
41.6
55.9
59.6
62.9
64.1
September 2008
-------
Table 1-37
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 L-6 SUVs
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
< FUEL ECONOMY >
FRAC LAB
ADJ
CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
WGHT
LB
ENGINE
CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
2004
49
0. 010
19.3
13.2
18.4
15 .7
5410
232
274
10
1
141
2005
67
0. 016
19.1
12.9
18.1
15 .5
5585
2 63
293
9
6
145
2006
157
0. 042
18.8
12 .7
18.0
15 .3
5580
271
302
9
4
147
2007
676
0.158
21.4
14.4
20.6
17.4
5006
246
291
8
9
150
2008
1022
0.210
22.2
14.8
21.3
17.9
4933
236
283
8
9
148
Percent of L-6 SUVs:
mm
DRIVETRAIN FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4 WD GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
2004
100.0
98 .7
1.3
1.3
62 . 6
36.1
2005
83.4
100.0
1.9
16.6
70.7
10.8
2006
85 . 6
99. 6
0.4
3.8
35.9
58.0
2.4
2007
29.2
59.3
99.9
0.1
14.8
12 . 6
72 .5
2008
33.5
59.0
9.5 90.4
0.1
7.2
5.7
87.1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-48
HP/ HP/ TON
CID WT -MPG
1.175 0.0510 42.6
1.127 0.0530 43.2
1.122 0.0545 42.6
1.230 0.0582 43.4
1.226 0.0575 44.2
WT HYBRID
98 .7
98.1
96.2
71.8
80.2
September 2008
-------
Table 1-38 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 L-7 SUVs
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
< FUEL ECONOMY >
FRAC LAB
ADJ
CITY
ADJ ADJ
HWY COMP
WGHT ENGINE
LB CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
2006
2007
2008
50 0.013
61 0.014
69 0.014
21.0
19.6
20.5
14.4
13.6
14.1
19.3
18.0
18.8
16.8
15.8
16.4
5000
5373
5480
233
269
252
275
308
303
9.2
9.0
145
151
148
1.201 0.0551
1.156 0.0573
1.206 0.0551
42.3
42.7
45.3
Percent of L-7 SUVs:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4 WD
2006
2007
2008
100.0
100.0
100.0
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI DSL
100.0
94.9 5.1
89.7 10.3
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
100.0
25.0
5.2
75.0
94.8
WT HYBRID
78 .2
5.1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-49
September 2008
-------
Table 1-39
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 CVT SUVs
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
< FUEL ECONOMY >
FRAC LAB
ADJ
CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
WGHT ENGINE
LB CID HP
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
2002
3
0. 001
27.4
19.9
24.1
22.0
3500
132
141
11
8
119
2003
95
0. 023
26.6
18 . 6
23.8
21.1
3787
179
200
9
9
135
2004
82
0. 017
26.2
18.1
23.5
20.8
3892
197
222
9
2
142
2005
85
0. 021
26.8
18 .7
23.3
21.1
3990
203
229
8
9
143
2006
178
0. 047
30.2
21.9
24.1
23.1
4308
200
216
8
2
135
2007
212
0. 050
28.9
20.5
24.1
22.4
4025
185
206
9
2
135
2008
358
0. 074
31.4
22 . 6
25 .3
24.1
3865
159
175
10
0
126
55/45
Perce:
cent of CVT SUVs:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4 WD
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
2002
39.5
60.5
100.0
13.3
86.7
2003
51.3
48.7
100.0
0.1
99.9
2004
49.0
51.0
100.0
100.0
2005
42.8
57.2
100.0
100.0
2006
33.2
66.8
100.0
100.0
2007
37.2
62.8
100.0
100.0
2008
39.0
60.1
100.0
2.5
97.5
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-50
HP/ HP/ TON
CID WT -MPG
1.067 0.0403 39.0
1.105 0.0522 40.0
1.123 0.0567 40.5
1.120 0.0574 42.4
1.072 0.0502 50.8
1.114 0.0511 45.6
1.109 0.0453 46.9
WT HYBRID
57.4
78 .5
85.4 12.6
88.4 56.3
93.2 25.4
89.6 24.6
September 2008
-------
Table 1-40
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Other Pickup Trucks
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
< FUEL ECONOMY >
FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ
CITY HWY COMP
WGHT ENGINE
LB CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
1983 6 0.004 15.6 12.3 14.5 13.2 4498 280 132 15.9 108
1996 1 0.000 15.5 11.3 14.7 12.8 5385 346 227 11.3 129
0.465 0.0292
0.657 0.0422
30.2
34.5
Percent of Other Pickup Trucks:
MODEL
YEAR
?§«5
1996
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4 WD
59.1
77.0
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
100.0
DSL
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
100.0
WT HYBRID
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-51
September 2008
-------
Table 1-41 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 M-3 Pickup Trucks
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
CITY HWY COMP
1979
230
0.104
17.7
14.4
16.0
15.1
4181
272
127
14 . 6
108
0.469
0.0304
31.7
1980
267
0.186
17.5
13.9
16.1
14.8
4282
293
135
14 .2
110
0.464
0.0315
32.1
1981
221
0.154
19.2
15 .3
17.7
16.3
4126
285
127
14.4
109
0.449
0.0308
33. 9
1982
151
0.105
18.7
15.0
17.2
15.9
4145
289
128
14.4
109
0.445
0.0310
33.3
1983
125
0. 077
18.9
15.1
17.3
16.0
4269
296
129
14 . 6
108
0.438
0.0304
34.5
1984
86
0. 042
19.6
15 . 6
18 .3
16.7
4259
289
129
14 .7
108
0.445
0.0302
35.7
1985
165
0. 079
18.2
14 .7
16.6
15 .5
4352
302
141
13.8
112
0.469
0.0325
34.1
1986
170
0. 067
18.5
14.8
16.7
15 . 6
4329
299
137
14 .2
110
0.459
0.0316
34.0
1987
119
0. 056
17.7
14 .2
15.9
14.9
4454
303
155
13.1
115
0.512
0.0350
33. 4
1988
67
0. 027
17. 9
14 .2
16.1
15.1
4462
311
164
12 . 6
118
0.527
0.0368
33.7
1989
72
0. 032
17.7
14.0
15.8
14.8
4559
307
157
13.3
115
0.511
0.0345
34.1
1990
27
0. 015
16.6
12.9
15 .2
13.9
4671
316
169
12.8
118
0.534
0.0362
33. 0
1991
14
0. 007
16.8
13.1
15 .2
14.0
4644
314
171
12 . 6
118
0.545
0.0369
33.1
1992
5
0. 003
18.1
14 .3
15 .7
15.0
4556
300
150
13.6
113
0.499
0.0330
34.1
1993
3
0. 002
18.7
14 .7
16.2
15.4
4555
300
159
13.1
115
0.528
0.0349
35.2
Percent of M-3 Pickup Trucks:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN
YEAR FRONT 4 WD
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI DSL
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
9.7
32 .2
24.9
32 .5
41.8
23.3
54.3
51.0
54.8
49.2
55.8
67. 4
62.1
55.3
56.4
5.2
17.9
71.4
55.1
74.8
42.1
44.1
100. 0
100. 0
22 .2
42.4
24.6
56.6
54.1
0.0
1.3
0.6
0.4
0.2
1.0
0.6
1.3
1.8
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-52
September 2008
-------
Table 1-42 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 M-4 Pickup Trucks
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
CITY HWY COMP
1979
527
0.239
17. 8
14 .5
16.5
15.4
3692
220
118
14 .3
108
0.592
0.0314
28.8
1980
377
0.263
23.2
18 .3
21.7
19.7
3104
156
92
14.9
104
0.644
0.0297
31.0
1981
355
0.247
24.6
19.4
23.2
20.9
3253
190
98
14.8
105
0.5 67
0.0300
34.2
1982
327
0.227
25.5
20.1
24.2
21.7
3166
181
101
14.0
107
0.601
0.0322
34.5
1983
409
0.251
26.5
20.9
24.9
22 .5
3035
159
92
14 . 6
104
0.606
0.0306
34.4
1984
460
0.225
22.9
18.1
21.5
19.5
3412
192
101
14.9
105
0.564
0.0298
33.7
1985
316
0.152
26.4
20.7
25 .2
22 .5
3135
180
102
13.8
107
0.606
0.0327
35.5
1986
294
0.116
26.6
20.8
25.1
22 . 6
3206
181
104
13.8
108
0.617
0.0328
36.4
1987
276
0.129
26.1
20.3
24 . 6
22.1
3235
182
109
13.5
109
0.629
0.0338
35.9
1988
110
0. 045
26.2
20.8
23.5
22.0
2947
146
106
12 .7
111
0.723
0.0361
32.4
1989
57
0. 026
25. 6
20.2
22.9
21.4
2955
157
107
12 . 6
111
0.698
0.0365
31.4
1990
51
0. 028
26.0
20.2
23.4
21.6
2988
156
110
12 .5
112
0.721
0.0371
32.3
1991
5
0. 003
20.3
15.4
19.0
16.9
4271
249
143
13.6
113
0.606
0.0338
35.9
1992
45
0. 024
18.9
14.0
18.4
15.9
4312
279
161
12 . 6
118
0.576
0.0372
34.3
1993
24
0. 012
17.7
13.2
16.7
14 .7
4813
313
190
12.0
123
0.606
0.0394
35.7
1994
17
0. 007
17. 4
13.0
16.2
14.4
4946
326
198
11.8
124
0.609
0.0400
36.0
1995
11
0. 005
17. 6
13.0
16.6
14 . 6
4961
331
199
11.7
124
0.604
0.0401
36.3
Percent of M-4 Pickup Trucks:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN
YEAR FRONT 4 WD
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
1979
29.9
0.1
1980
5.5
28.8
3.1
2.5
1981
4.8
22 .7
1.4
4.9
1982
4.8
15.9
0.4
5.7
1983
1.1
16.7
0.1
3.5
1984
0.4
27.0
1.9
1985
10.1
2.5
18.1
0.7
1986
9.0
4 . 6
30.7
0.5
1987
7.3
22 .3
41.7
0.2
1988
0.8
3.2
38 .5
1989
6.6
6.2
13.0
1990
5.5
33.5
4.9
1991
59.6
65.9
16.6
0.1
1992
46.1
57.2
42.1
0.8
1993
67. 6
19.7
80.3
1994
74.7
11.4
88.6
1995
68.9
11.3
88.7
100.0
100.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-53
September 2008
-------
Table 1-43
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 M-5 Pd
MODEL SALES
< FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB
ADJ ADJ ADJ
CITY HWY COMP
LB CID
HP
1979
124
0. 056
22.7
17.5
22.1
19.4
2810
132
89
1980
200
0.139
25.5
20.0
24.2
21.7
2788
129
91
1981
254
0.176
28.7
22 .7
26.9
24.4
2867
134
85
1982
298
0.207
28.0
22.2
26.1
23.8
2955
139
88
1983
383
0.235
27.0
21.2
25. 6
23.0
3059
144
94
1984
575
0.281
26.8
21.1
25.4
22.8
3069
141
92
1985
590
0.284
26.3
20.8
24.8
22.4
3109
146
100
1986
1013
0.400
26.1
20.4
24 . 6
22.1
3133
143
101
1987
859
0.400
26.1
20.2
24.7
22.1
3127
147
103
1988
1076
0. 438
24.6
18.9
23.4
20.7
3382
181
115
1989
1040
0.466
23.8
18.1
22.4
19.9
3495
189
122
1990
763
0.416
23.7
18.0
22 .3
19.9
3540
193
130
1991
983
0.512
24.4
18.4
23.0
20.4
3439
186
127
1992
816
0.444
23.8
17. 8
22.4
19.8
3585
193
130
1993
852
0.426
24.1
17. 8
22.7
20.0
3548
187
131
1994
1051
0.394
24.3
18.0
22. 6
20.0
3639
186
133
1995
889
0.391
23.7
17. 4
22.1
19.5
3781
197
139
1996
677
0.346
24.4
17.7
22.7
20.0
3739
187
142
1997
608
0.253
24.7
17.9
22.8
20.2
3778
189
149
1998
660
0.273
24.4
17.6
22 .5
19.9
3759
184
150
1999
446
0.175
23.7
16.9
21.8
19.2
3800
192
156
2000
435
0.167
23.5
16.8
21.2
18.9
3822
192
160
2001
303
0.120
22.9
16.4
20.7
18 .5
3909
198
164
2002
227
0. 095
22.7
16.1
20.4
18.2
3991
206
176
2003
256
0.103
23.4
16.4
21.1
18.7
3946
195
168
2004
171
0.068
22.9
16.0
20.6
18.3
3979
200
177
2005
94
0.041
24.0
16.4
21.7
19.1
4005
194
176
2006
95
0.044
24.4
16.7
22.2
19.5
4017
190
173
2007
68
0.032
25.0
17.2
22 .5
19.9
3983
186
171
2008
75
0. 036
25.7
17.6
23.0
20.3
3878
182
172
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-54
Trucks
0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
14.2 105 0.675 0.0318 27.8
13.9 106 0.704 0.0326 30.6
15.2 103 0.632 0.0298 35.8
15.1 103 0.634 0.0300 35.9
14.5 105 0.659 0.0310 35.6
14.8 104 0.657 0.0302 35.4
14.0 107 0.682 0.0321 35.1
14.0 107 0.705 0.0323 34.8
13.9 108 0.697 0.0329 34.6
13.6 110 0.658 0.0339 35.3
13.2 112 0.674 0.0349 35.0
12.7 114 0.708 0.0368 35.4
12.7 114 0.707 0.0368 35.2
12.8 114 0.704 0.0364 35.6
12.6 114 0.723 0.0370 35.5
12.8 114 0.745 0.0367 36.7
12.6 115 0.752 0.0371 37.3
12.4 116 0.794 0.0380 37.7
12.1 118 0.809 0.0392 38.4
12.0 119 0.834 0.0397 37.8
11.7 120 0.822 0.0407 36.9
11.6 121 0.841 0.0415 36.5
11.5 122 0.844 0.0418 36.3
11.0 125 0.868 0.0439 36.6
11.4 123 0.878 0.0423 37.2
10.9 126 0.900 0.0445 36.6
11.0 125 0.928 0.0440 38.4
11.1 124 0.933 0.0432 39.2
11.1 124 0.940 0.0432 39.7
10.9 126 0.965 0.0446 39.6
September 2008
-------
Table 1-43 (Continued)
Percent of M-5 Pickup Trucks:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4 WD
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
1979
1980
2.1
3.8
0.8
1.3
1981
6.5
19.5
1.7
25.0
1982
3.0
27.1
0.7
22 .3
1983
3.3
31.0
0.1
7.4
1984
1.2
30.0
2 . 6
4.1
1985
35 .2
18.8
1.3
1.9
1986
28.7
19.1
21.9
0.8
1987
28.2
22.9
20.5
0.4
1988
29.1
45.1
27.6
1989
28.2
48.9
36.6
1990
27.4
68 .3
22 .5
1991
21.8
56.6
37.9
1992
23.0
63.3
29.9
1993
24.2
73.9
21.6
1994
24.5
89.1
9.0
96.1
3.7
0.2
1995
23.0
84.8
15 .2
92.0
8.0
1996
21.5
100.0
75 .5
10.1
14 .5
1997
19.2
100.0
81.6
17.1
1.3
1998
25 .3
100.0
74.9
25.1
1999
29.4
100.0
79. 6
20.4
2000
24.6
100.0
77.7
22 .3
2001
25.9
100. 0
69.2
30.8
2002
31.1
100. 0
52.8
47.2
2003
28.0
100. 0
64.5
35 .5
2004
34 .3
100.0
50.5
49.5
2005
26.1
100.0
39.0
61.0
2006
23.6
100. 0
32.9
67.1
2007
19.7
100. 0
31.0
69.0
2008
14.9
100. 0
25.5
74.5
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-55
FIVE
WT HYBRID
5.7
43.7
53.2
85.9
74.5
September 2008
-------
Table 1-44
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 M-6 Pickup Trucks
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
< FUEL ECONOMY >
FRAC LAB
ADJ
CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
WGHT
LB
ENGINE
CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
2004
3
0. 001
13. 0
8 . 6
13.6
10.8
5135
505
500
5.9
206
0.990
0.0975
27.8
2005
37
0. 016
20.1
13.8
18 .5
16.1
4429
261
262
8.8
148
1.008
0.0591
35.9
2006
39
0. 018
20.6
14 .3
18 .7
16.5
4499
247
242
9.4
141
0.978
0.0540
37.3
2007
27
0. 013
20.8
14 .5
18 . 6
16.6
4525
248
237
9.5
140
0.961
0.0528
37. 6
2008
38
0. 018
20.4
14 .2
18 .3
16.3
4725
251
233
10.0
137
0.936
0.0502
38.5
Percent of M-6 Pickup Trucks:
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4 WD
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
FIVE
WT HYBRID
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
48.3
50.7
59.0
51.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
29.1
37.4
38.8
52.0
100.0
70.9
62 . 6
61.2
48.0
70.9
62 . 6
37.4
8.5
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-56
September 2008
-------
Table 1-45
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 A-3 Pickup Trucks
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ IiB CID HP TIME SPD
CITY HWY COMP
1979
1297
0.588
14.0
11.6
12 .3
11.9
4448
331
149
14 .2
113
1980
277
0.193
17.3
14.0
15 .5
14 .7
3944
278
129
14.1
110
1981
207
0.144
17. 6
14 .2
16.0
15.0
3968
287
125
14 .5
109
1982
196
0.136
17.1
13.9
15 .3
14 .5
3987
292
129
14.1
110
1983
239
0.147
17. 9
14.4
16.3
15 .2
3705
248
116
14 . 6
108
1984
297
0.146
17.1
13.8
15 . 6
14 . 6
3855
269
130
14.1
111
1985
268
0.129
16.5
13.4
14.9
14.0
4106
306
154
12.8
117
1986
236
0. 093
17.7
14 .3
15.9
14.9
4023
288
145
13.3
115
1987
200
0. 093
16.7
13.4
15.1
14.1
4318
303
157
13.0
117
1988
199
0. 081
16.8
13.3
15 .2
14.1
4441
309
168
12 .5
119
1989
101
0. 045
16.0
12 .7
14.4
13.4
4501
318
170
12 . 6
119
1990
47
0. 026
16.4
13.0
14 . 6
13.7
4323
328
183
11.6
125
Percent of A-3 Pickup Trucks:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN
YEAR FRONT 4 WD
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
1979
7.5
4.2
1980
0.6
15.9
0.6
1981
10.5
1982
3.7
14.1
1983
5.7
18 . 6
0.1
0.1
1984
1.2
30.9
0.5
1985
22.4
2.3
0.2
1986
19.7
8.9
0.1
1987
25 .5
44.4
21.6
1988
31.0
44.5
53.5
1989
37.7
56.4
43.6
1990
12.2
2.5
97.5
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-57
HP/ HP/
CID WT
TON
-MPG
0.456 0.0336 27.1
0.492 0.0327 29.1
0.455 0.0315 29.9
0.459 0.0325 29.3
0.502 0.0313 28.7
0.501 0.0334 28.4
0.507 0.0372 29.1
0.516 0.0358 30.4
0.522 0.0363 30.7
0.546 0.0380 31. 6
0.533 0.0378 30.5
0.566 0.0422 30.9
WT HYBRID
September 2008
-------
Table 1-46
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 A-4 Pickup Trucks
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
< FUEL ECONOMY >
FRAC LAB
ADJ
CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
WGHT ENGINE
LB CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
1981
6
0. 004
26.5
21.5
23.9
22 .5
2750
144
98
13.1
109
0.681
0. 0356
30.9
1982
42
0. 029
19.6
15 .2
19.2
16.7
3715
2 62
131
13.2
113
0.525
0.0353
31.0
1983
9
0. 006
26.6
22.0
23.1
22 .5
2788
144
99
13.1
109
0. 685
0.0354
31.4
1984
27
0. 013
24.6
20.6
21.0
20.8
2809
144
100
13.1
110
0. 694
0. 0356
29.3
1985
38
0.018
25.1
21.0
21.6
21.3
3018
144
107
13.2
110
0.741
0.0354
32 .3
1986
47
0.019
23.4
19.6
19.8
19.7
3133
144
107
13. 4
110
0.745
0.0346
31.2
1987
72
0.034
26.1
21.1
23.0
22.0
3040
142
103
13.7
109
0.725
0.0340
33.7
1988
53
0.022
24.7
20.1
21.3
20.6
3112
142
108
13.4
110
0.765
0.0351
32.4
1989
34
0. 016
27.1
21.5
23.9
22 . 6
3024
141
109
13.0
111
0.773
0.0361
34.2
1990
32
0. 018
17. 8
13.8
16.2
14.9
4047
259
153
12 .5
117
0.635
0.0379
30.8
1991
27
0. 014
20.0
15 .7
17.8
16.6
3683
213
135
12 .7
115
0.684
0.0369
31.1
1992
16
0. 009
24.8
19.5
21.5
20.4
3105
156
118
12.5
114
0.767
0.0377
32.0
1993
16
0. 008
26.3
20.2
23.2
21.6
3000
144
112
12. 6
113
0.778
0.0373
32.4
1994
25
0. 010
26.3
20.0
23.1
21.5
3000
144
112
12. 6
113
0.778
0.0373
32 .2
1995
20
0.009
26.3
20.0
22.9
21.4
3000
147
132
11.1
121
0. 897
0.0442
32.1
1996
26
0.014
25.9
19.5
22.7
21.0
3000
149
142
10.4
125
0.953
0.0473
31.5
1998
37
0.015
26.5
19.7
22.9
21.3
3000
149
142
10.4
125
0.953
0.0473
31.9
1999
24
0.009
26.5
19.6
22.8
21.2
3000
149
142
10.4
125
0.953
0.0473
31.8
2000
21
0. 008
26.2
19.4
22.4
20.9
3000
149
142
10.4
125
0.953
0.0473
31.3
2001
21
0. 008
26.0
19.2
22.0
20.6
3213
149
142
11.0
122
0.953
0.0444
33.1
2002
21
0. 009
27.0
19.5
23.1
21.3
3238
149
142
11.1
122
0.953
0.0441
34.5
2003
22
0. 009
27.0
19.3
23.0
21.2
3234
149
142
11.0
122
0. 953
0. 0442
34 .3
2004
23
0. 009
27.0
19.2
22.9
21.1
3216
149
142
11.0
122
0. 953
0. 0444
34.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-58
September 2008
-------
Table 1-46 (Continued)
Percent of A-4 Pickup Trucks:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4 WD GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR
1981
1982
1983
1984 17.1
1985 28.4
1986 33.5
1987 5.3 9.7
1988 7.2 54.3
1989 4.9 61.9
1990 37.1 37.7 62.3
1991 28.4 61.7 38.3
1992 3.9 96.0 4.0
1993 100.0
1994 100.0 100.0
1995 100.0 31.8 68.2
1996 100.0 100.0
1998 100.0 100.0
1999 100.0 100.0
2000 100.0 100.0
2001 100.0 100.0
2002 100.0 100.0
2003 100.0 100.0
2004 100.0 100.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-59
FIVE WT HYBRID
September 2008
-------
Table 1-47 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 L-3 Pickup Trucks
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
CITY HWY COMP
1979
29
0. 013
16.2
13.1
14 . 6
13.7
4000
290
132
14 .2
111
0.454
0.0330
27.5
1980
315
0.219
17. 0
13.6
15 .7
14 .5
4469
313
142
14.4
111
0.458
0.0320
33. 0
1981
343
0.238
18.3
14 . 6
17.0
15 . 6
4221
290
139
14.0
112
0.483
0.0331
33.1
1982
275
0.191
20.1
15.9
18.9
17.1
3768
245
130
13.6
112
0.546
0.0346
32.2
1983
119
0. 073
19.0
15.0
17.8
16.1
4100
277
139
13.9
113
0.503
0.0338
33.1
1984
193
0. 095
18.5
14 .7
17.2
15 .7
4164
276
137
14.1
111
0.502
0.0328
32.8
1985
234
0.113
17. 8
14 .2
16.3
15.1
4204
279
147
13.4
114
0.536
0.0350
31.8
1986
206
0. 081
18.0
14.4
16.4
15 .3
4155
279
146
13.3
114
0.535
0.0350
31.7
1987
134
0. 063
20.0
15 .7
18 .5
16.9
3751
251
125
14.0
111
0.502
0.0334
31.8
1988
99
0. 040
19.5
15 .2
18.1
16.4
3825
247
123
14 .3
109
0.512
0.0322
31.4
1989
40
0. 018
19.4
15 .3
17.5
16.3
3835
230
117
15.0
107
0.533
0.0304
31.2
1990
24
0. 013
18.7
14.8
16.6
15 . 6
3919
242
132
14.1
111
0.556
0.0334
30.7
1991
13
0. 007
17. 0
13.1
15 . 6
14 .2
4272
294
156
12.9
117
0.531
0.0366
30.4
1992
5
0. 003
18.1
14.1
16.1
15.0
4043
239
127
14 .5
109
0.531
0.0314
30.3
1993
4
0. 002
18.5
14.4
16.4
15 .3
4039
239
127
14 .5
109
0.531
0.0315
30.9
Percent of L-3 Pickup Trucks:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN
YEAR FRONT 4 WD
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI DSL
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
17.8
10.4
5.9
3.0
1.1
0.1
3.8
21.6
13.1
0.1
0.2
2.5
3.3
4.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
15 .2
6.2
0.6
0.1
100.0
100.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-60
September 2008
-------
Table 1-48
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 L-4 Pickup Trucks
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
< FUEL ECONOMY >
FRAC LAB
ADJ
CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
WGHT ENGINE
LB CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
53
150
337
405
4 65
564
485
855
886
890
877
953
1103
1575
1350
1251
1749
1660
2008
2097
1982
1903
1674
1771
1398
1299
1284
1252
0. 037
0.104
0.207
0.198
0.224
0.223
0.226
0.348
0.397
0.485
0. 457
0.518
0.551
0.590
0.595
0.640
0.726
0.687
0.789
0. 803
0.787
0.799
0. 677
0.707
0.608
0.594
0.610
0.592
18.0
20.2
20.2
19.8
20.5
20.2
20.5
19. 6
19.4
19.1
19.6
19.1
19.3
19.3
18 .7
19.2
19.3
19.4
19.2
19.9
19.0
18.9
19.6
19.5
19.7
19.8
20.0
20.3
13.8
15.8
15 . 6
15.3
15.7
15. 6
15. 6
14.8
14 .7
14 .3
14 . 6
14.1
14 .2
14.1
13. 6
13. 9
13. 8
13. 8
13.7
14 .2
13.5
13.4
13.8
13.7
13. 6
13.7
13. 8
13. 9
18.0
19.2
19.5
19.4
20.2
19.6
20.1
19.1
18 .7
18 .5
18.9
18 .5
18 . 6
18.5
17. 8
18.3
18.4
18 .5
18.0
18 .5
17.7
17.4
17.9
17.7
18.1
18.1
18.5
18.8
15.4
17.2
17.2
16.9
17.5
17.2
17. 4
16.6
16.4
16.0
16.4
15.9
16.1
16.0
15.5
15.9
15.9
16.0
15 .7
16.2
15 .5
15 .3
15.8
15.7
15.8
15.9
16.1
16.3
4030
4713
4134
4115
3913
3966
3855
4091
4108
4266
4139
4306
4337
4342
4457
4458
4649
4534
4675
4472
4741
4887
4750
5083
5167
5159
5274
5327
302
324
274
268
244
248
240
279
284
290
282
288
287
290
296
288
291
282
286
269
287
288
277
291
293
291
295
299
142
149
138
135
131
140
149
164
167
170
167
168
176
184
186
199
213
208
218
213
229
240
234
255
264
261
268
274
13.2
14. 6
13. 9
14.0
13. 8
13.2
12 .5
12.1
12.0
12 .2
12.0
12.3
11.9
11.5
11.6
11.1
10.8
10.8
10.7
10.6
10.4
10.2
10.3
10.0
9.9
10.0
9.9
9.9
114
112
112
111
111
114
118
121
122
121
121
120
122
125
124
128
131
130
132
132
134
136
136
139
141
140
140
141
0.470
0. 465
0.524
0.521
0.558
0.593
0.645
0.606
0.599
0.601
0.607
0.594
0. 622
0. 648
0. 642
0.702
0.740
0.749
0.768
0.798
0.803
0. 834
0.845
0.880
0. 905
0.901
0.910
0.910
0.0353
0.0321
0.0336
0.0328
0.0336
0.0355
0.0384
0.0400
0.0406
0.0400
0.0405
0.0392
0.0406
0.0424
0.0417
0.0444
0.0457
0.0456
0.0464
0.0473
0.0481
0.0490
0. 0488
0.0503
0.0512
0.0506
0.0507
0.0511
31.0
41.0
35.8
34.9
34 .2
34.1
33.5
33. 9
33. 6
34.2
34.1
34.4
35.0
34.9
34 . 6
35.5
37. 0
36.2
36.6
36.2
36.7
37.4
37.5
39.8
40.8
40.9
42.4
43.5
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-61
September 2008
-------
Table 1-48 (Continued)
Percent of L-4 Pickup Trucks:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4 WD
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
1982
19.3
42.0
1983
20.1
8.3
1984
23.3
5.0
1985
29.6
20.0
4.9
2.3
1986
31.8
46.6
22 .2
1.1
1987
0.1
28.0
28.5
65 .7
0.5
1988
0.0
31.9
26.6
71.8
0.5
1989
30.2
24.9
73.3
0.4
1990
29.7
44.8
53.9
0.3
1991
27.6
38 .5
60.5
0.3
1992
28.5
52 .5
46.9
0.2
1993
29.8
51.6
48.1
1994
32 .5
56.6
43.4
98.8
1.2
1995
39.8
59.5
40.5
97.0
3.0
1996
34.1
99.7
0.3
94 .7
1.6
3.7
1997
39.8
99.9
0.1
97.2
1.5
1.3
1998
38 .5
99.9
0.1
95.9
4.1
1999
48.6
100. 0
96.0
4.0
2000
40.7
100. 0
89.8
10.2
2001
41.3
100. 0
90. 0
10.0
2002
44.4
100. 0
85.5
14.5
2003
42.1
100. 0
86.6
13. 4
2004
48.7
100.0
61.4
20.2
18.4
2005
48 . 6
100.0
63.9
23.0
13.0
2006
45.5
100.0
63.1
25.0
11.9
2007
43.6
100.0
77.3
17.8
4.9
2008
48.9
100. 0
75.1
21.5
3.5
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-62
FIVE
WT HYBRID
26.1
35 . 6
0.1
36.5
0.2
30.6
0.0
30.7
September 2008
-------
Table 1-49
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 L-5 Pickup Trucks
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ IiB CID HP TIME SPD
CITY HWY COMP
1997
51
0. 021
21.1
15.1
20.0
17.3
3974
244
160
11.8
121
1998
58
0. 024
21.1
15 .2
19. 6
17.2
3843
244
160
11.5
122
1999
67
0. 026
20.5
14 .7
18.9
16.7
3949
244
160
11.8
121
2000
60
0. 023
20.0
14 .3
18.4
16.3
3948
244
160
11.8
121
2001
213
0. 085
21.0
14.9
19.4
17.0
3833
207
173
11.0
126
2002
230
0. 097
21.1
14.8
19.4
17.0
3882
205
171
11.2
125
2003
522
0.211
19.4
13.6
17.8
15 .7
4695
2 62
218
10.8
132
2004
537
0.214
18. 6
13.0
17.2
15.1
4846
280
252
10.0
140
2005
771
0.335
19.3
13.4
17.7
15 .5
4810
279
261
9.5
143
2006
754
0.345
20.2
14.0
18.4
16.2
4783
268
256
9.5
142
2007
579
0.275
20.3
14.0
18 . 6
16.3
4735
2 67
255
9.6
142
2008
603
0.285
19.9
13.7
18 .3
16.0
5056
277
297
9.2
150
Percent of L-5 Pickup Trucks:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN
YEAR FRONT 4 WD
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI DSL
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
42 .2
58.9
69.3
71.5
36.7
40.0
38 .3
44 . 6
45 .7
48.9
48.2
51.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
95 . 6
91.2
96.1
97.1
54.5
33.1
43.9
43.6
4.4
8.8
3.9
2.9
45 .5
66.9
56.1
56.4
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-63
HP/ HP/
CID WT
TON
-MPG
0.656 0.0403 34.4
0.656 0.0418 33.1
0.656 0.0406 32.9
0.656 0.0406 32.1
0.831 0.0449 32.7
0.835 0.0439 33.1
0.834 0.0462 36.7
0.890 0.0514 36.4
0.934 0.0541 37.3
0.962 0.0536 38.6
0.958 0.0537 38.6
1.057 0.0578 40.2
WT HYBRID
43.3
65.0
40.4
44.3
September 2008
-------
Table 1-50
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 L-6 Pickup Trucks
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY >
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ
CITY HWY COMP
WGHT ENGINE
LB CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
2007 147 0.070 19.2 13.2 17.9 15.5 5752 339 372 8.1 163
2008 146 0.069 19.0 13.1 17.7 15.4 5783 343 376 8.1 164
1.094 0.0646
1.094 0.0650
44.6
44.4
Percent of L-6 Pickup Trucks:
MODEL
YEAR
2008
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4 WD
56.4
54.1
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
100.0
100.0
DSL
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
2.1
7.0
11.0 86.9
7.3 85.8
WT HYBRID
86.9
92 .7
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
1-64
September 2008
-------
Light-Duty Automotive Technology and
Appendix J
Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and
Cylinder Count
This technical report does not necessarily represent final EPA decisions or
positions. It is intended to present technical analysis of issues using data
that are currently available. The purpose in the release of such reports is to
facilitate the exchange of technical information and to inform the public of
technical developments.
Fuel Economy Trends
1975 Through 2008
~
#
Compliance and Innovative Strategies Division
and
Transportation and Climate Division
Offce of T ransportation and Air Quality
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
NOTICE
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
EPA420-R-08-015
September 2008
-------
Table J-l Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Other Cylinder Cars
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
2
.000
11.5
CO
CO
11.4
9 . 8
4500
326
285
8 . 2
154
.874
.0633
22.1
1976
2
.000
11.0
8 . 5
10.7
9 . 4
4500
326
244
9.3
142
.748
. 0542
21.1
1977
2
.000
11.2
8 . 7
10.9
9 . 6
4445
91 . 6
326
244
9.2
142
.748
. 0550
21 3
878
1948
1978
1
. 000
11 4
9 . 0
10.7
9 . 7
4500
93.4
326
268
8 . 6
149
.822
. 0595
21 8
906
2038
1979
1
. 000
11 0
8.8
10 . 2
9.4
4500
92 . 4
326
244
9 . 3
142
.748
.0542
21 .1
866
1949
1980
0
. 000
13 .1
9 . 9
13 . 3
11.2
4224
89.5
326
267
8 . 2
152
.818
.0633
24 .1
1027
2157
1982
1
. 000
16 5
12 4
17 . 0
14 .1
4000
87 . 3
326
262
8 . 0
154
. 804
.0655
28 . 3
1234
2468
1983
2
. 000
16 5
12 4
17 . 2
14 .1
3989
86 5
325
264
8 . 0
155
.813
.0663
28.2
1226
2448
1984
3
.000
16 6
12 . 4
17.1
14 . 2
3997
84 . 9
326
262
8 . 0
154
.806
. 0657
28 3
1204
2408
1985
4
. 000
16.5
12 . 4
16.9
14 .1
4000
84 .1
325
265
7 . 9
155
.816
. 0663
28 2
1189
2377
1986
5
. 000
16.2
12.1
16 7
13 . 9
3996
82 5
324
270
7 . 9
157
.833
.0676
27 . 9
1157
2313
1987
3
. 000
16 7
12.5
16 7
14 .2
3991
75 . 4
324
276
7 . 8
159
.855
.0692
28 . 7
1094
2185
1988
9
. 001
16 1
11 9
16 4
13.7
4157
94 . 0
318
280
7 . 9
157
. 884
.0674
28 . 6
1301
2730
1989
11
. 001
16 4
12 0
16.8
13 . 9
4310
85 4
318
279
8.1
155
.880
.0650
30.2
1203
2598
1990
9
.001
16.8
12 . 2
17.2
14 . 2
4379
82.7
317
280
8 . 2
155
.889
.0642
31 .2
1182
2589
1991
7
.001
16 6
12 . 0
17.3
14 .1
4409
87.0
312
305
7 . 7
162
. 977
.0695
31 .1
1234
2727
1992
5
.001
16.3
11 . 8
16.7
13 . 7
4458
87.2
334
317
7 . 7
165
. 949
. 0715
30.7
1191
2691
1993
3
. 000
16.8
11 . 9
17 5
14 .2
4412
81 0
377
364
6 . 8
182
. 981
.0848
31 .1
1131
2592
1994
7
. 001
17 . 2
12.1
17 . 7
14 .4
4158
70.8
407
354
6 . 7
183
.878
.0876
29 9
1009
2149
1995
5
. 001
16 7
11 7
17 . 3
14 . 0
4432
82 . 3
390
373
6 . 6
183
. 975
. 0853
31 . 3
1159
2629
1996
4
. 001
18 . 3
12 6
19 3
15.4
4131
79 8
408
381
6.2
193
. 950
.0952
31 .8
1233
2668
1997
4
.001
17.1
11 . 5
18.8
14 . 4
4218
75 6
403
405
6.0
199
1 .018
.0992
30.8
1112
2458
1998
3
.000
17.5
11 . 9
18 . 6
14 . 7
4222
79 4
388
395
6.2
195
1 .027
.0963
31 .4
1198
2626
1999
3
.000
16.1
10 . 9
17 2
13 . 5
4274
75.2
394
412
6.1
200
1.062
. 1002
29.4
1044
2364
2000
4
. 000
16.4
10 9
17 8
13 . 8
4150
71 5
405
412
5 . 9
203
1. 033
. 1032
28 9
1001
2188
2001
6
. 001
17 . 5
11 . 6
18 . 8
14 .7
4239
86.4
389
398
6 . 2
196
1 . 034
.0968
32 .1
1347
2983
2002
4
. 000
17 . 6
11.5
19 0
14 . 7
4126
80 . 7
399
410
5 . 9
202
1 . 042
.1021
31 . 0
1247
2683
2003
5
. 001
17 . 0
11 2
18 . 2
14 . 2
4101
82 . 0
408
482
5.1
226
1 . 216
.1206
29 7
1199
2594
2004
8
. 001
16 3
10 . 6
17.3
13 . 6
4322
74 .1
391
496
5.2
226
1 .311
.1194
29.8
1034
2398
2005
10
.001
16.3
10 . 7
17.1
13 . 6
4630
82.2
384
524
5.2
226
1 .390
.1164
31 . 6
1124
2717
2006
15
.002
16.5
10 . 7
17.3
13 . 7
4628
98 .1
358
515
5.3
223
1 .468
.1142
31 .7
1347
3182
2007
21
.003
16.7
11 . 0
17 3
13 . 9
4843
104 .7
336
524
5.4
220
1.562
. 1096
33.7
1464
3573
2008
15
. 002
16.7
11 . 0
17 4
13 . 9
4750
95.0
357
535
5 . 3
227
1. 520
. 1159
33 .1
1326
3203
Percent of Other Cylinder Cars:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1982
11 . 5
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
64 . 5
100.0
1983
2 . 2
100.0
1984
. 6
100.0
1985
2 . 8
100.0
1986
6 . 4
100.0
93. 6
6.4
1987
11 . 0
100.0
89.0
11. 0
1988
5 . 4
32 . 7
100.0
94 . 6
5.4
1989
3 . 9
33.8
98 . 4 1.6
96.1
3 . 9
1990
4 . 8
37 . 0
100.0
95 . 2
4 . 8
1991
1. 6
12 . 2
53.4
100.0
94 . 7
5 . 3
1992
1.1
14 . 4
24 . 4
100 . 0
73 6
26.4
20 . 6
1993
. 4
30. 9
25 . 9
100 . 0
56 6
43.4
40 . 5
1994
1. 5
40.5
36 . 8
100 . 0
75.0
25.0
24 . 9
1995
. 8
32 . 3
30 . 4
100.0
57 . 6
42.4
53 . 5
1996
. 6
44 5
55 . 5
100.0
73.1
26 . 9
55 . 5
1997
1. 8
40.8
59.2
100.0
52 .8
47.2
61 . 6
1998
2 . 9
37 . 0
63.0
100.0
60.3
39.7
67 . 2
1999
5 . 2
47 .1
52 . 9
100.0
54 .2
45.8
58 . 9
2000
56 . 6
43.4
100.0
46.1
53 . 9
33 . 8
2001
2 . 7
39 . 7
60.3
100.0
43.3
38
9
17 . 9
21 . 8
2002
2 . 4
41 . 0
59.0
100.0
34 . 9
44
4
20.7
11 .1
2003
1 . 6
49 4
50 . 6
100.0
36.8
26
0
37 . 2
22 . 4
2004
32 . 5
37 . 6
62 . 4
100.0
22
4
77 . 6
49.5
2005
37 .1
24 . 9
75.1
100.0
16 5
20
9
60 . 3
2.3
80.0
2006
31 . 2
12 .1
87 . 9
100 . 0
10 . 5
8
8
78 . 8
1.0
89.4
2007
33 . 4
9 . 8
90.2
100 . 0
23
9
76 .1
67 . 6
2008
40.5
20.1
79 . 9
36.1 63.9
9 . 6
11
3
79.1
79 .1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
J-l
September 2008
-------
Table J-2 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Two-Cylinder Cars
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
51
.006
15.8
12 . 2
15.4
13 . 5
2899
152
129
10.9
121
.849
. 0444
19.5
1976
27
.003
20.4
15 . 8
19.9
17 . 4
2952
156
132
10.8
121
.846
. 0447
25.8
1977
16
. 001
22 3
17 . 0
22 3
19 .1
2965
91 .1
157
133
10 . 8
121
.846
. 0448
28 5
1747
2596
1978
2
. 000
20.9
16 3
20 .1
17.8
2855
94 . 2
154
131
10 . 6
122
.848
.0459
25 . 5
1683
2416
1979
52
. 005
20 . 4
15.3
21 .1
17.5
2750
50 . 0
140
125
10 6
121
.893
.0455
24 . 0
873
1201
1980
52
. 006
19 8
14 . 8
20 8
17 . 0
2750
50 . 0
140
100
12 . 6
110
. 714
. 0364
23 4
850
1168
1981
34
. 004
23 7
18 4
23 0
20 . 2
2500
50 . 0
140
100
11.7
113
. 714
. 0400
25.3
1012
1265
1982
51
.007
23.7
18 . 4
22 . 9
20 . 2
2500
50 . 0
140
100
11 7
113
.714
. 0400
25.3
1011
1264
1983
61
.008
22.7
17 . 6
22 0
19 . 3
2516
50.0
140
100
11 8
113
.714
. 0398
24 . 3
968
1216
1984
41
. 004
22 0
16 5
22 5
18 . 8
2577
50.0
144
109
11 . 4
116
.749
. 0420
24 . 2
940
1210
1985
59
. 005
22 .1
16 6
22 . 6
18 . 9
2567
50.0
143
106
11 . 5
115
.739
.0412
24 . 2
944
1212
1986
51
. 005
23 . 0
17.0
23 . 9
19.6
2925
79 4
160
146
9 . 9
127
. 912
. 0500
28 . 7
1558
2278
1987
51
. 005
22 . 8
16.8
23 6
19.4
3000
50 . 0
160
152
9.8
129
. 953
. 0508
29 1
971
1457
1988
39
. 004
22 . 6
16 6
23.4
19 . 2
3111
50 . 0
160
150
10.2
127
. 938
. 0485
29 9
960
1493
1989
9
.001
22 . 9
16 6
23.8
19 . 4
3141
50.0
160
163
9.6
131
1 .021
. 0523
30.4
969
1520
1990
10
.001
22 . 9
16 5
23.7
19 . 3
3169
50.0
160
162
9.7
131
1 .014
. 0515
30. 6
967
1529
1991
8
. 001
22 8
16 4
23.5
19 . 2
3202
50.0
160
161
9 . 8
130
1. 007
. 0506
30.7
961
1536
1993
10
. 001
23.5
16.7
24 .1
19.7
3000
50.0
160
255
6 . 5
170
1 .594
.0850
29 5
984
1476
1994
3
. 000
23 . 5
16 6
24 . 0
19 . 6
3000
50 . 0
160
255
6 . 5
170
1 .594
.0850
29 4
981
1471
1995
0
. 000
22 . 9
16.0
23 5
19.1
3000
50 . 0
160
255
6.5
170
1 . 594
. 0850
28 . 7
957
1435
2004
35
. 005
23 8
16.3
22.0
19 .1
3500
96 3
160
223
8.2
148
1 .397
.0639
33.4
1841
3221
2005
18
.002
23.8
16 2
22.0
19 . 0
3500
96.3
80
220
8 . 3
147
2 .752
.0629
33.3
1834
3210
2006
6
.001
24 .0
16 3
22.3
19 . 2
3500
96 3
79
227
8 .1
149
2.870
.0648
33.7
1853
3242
2007
6
.001
24 .0
16 3
22 3
19 . 3
3500
96.3
79
225
8 .1
149
2 .852
. 0644
33.7
1855
3246
2008
3
. 000
24 . 0
16 3
22 3
19 . 2
3500
96.3
79
226
8 .1
149
2 .868
. 0647
33.7
1853
3243
Percent of Two-Cylinder Cars:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID
1975
50 . 5
1976
40 .1
1977
61 . 7
1978
66 . 3
1979
90 .1
1980
90 . 5
1981
91 . 4
1982
89 . 6
1983
92 . 2
1984
91 . 4
8 . 6
22 . 4
1985
87 . 2
12.8
14 . 6
1986
82 . 4
17 . 6
100.0
100.0
1987
85 . 5
14 .5
100.0
100.0
1988
86 . 2
13.8
100.0
100.0
1989
74 .1
25 . 9
100.0
100.0
1990
72 . 8
27.2
100.0
100.0
1991
74 . 7
25.3
100.0
100.0
1993
84 . 8
15.2
100 . 0
100 . 0
1994
88.0
12 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
1995
87 . 6
12 . 4
100 . 0
100 . 0
2004
64 . 9
35 .1
100 . 0
100 . 0
2005
56.5
43 . 5
100 . 0
100 . 0
2006
56.7
43 . 3
100 . 0
100 . 0
2007
51 .3
48 . 7
100 . 0
100 . 0
2008
56.0
44 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
J-2
September 2008
-------
Table J-3 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Three-Cylinder Cars
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB AD J ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPD CID WT
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1985
37
.003
57 .4
46 7
51 .5
CO
03
1750
82
6
61
48
15.7
96
.787
. 0274
1986
81
.007
55. 9
45 4
49.4
47 .1
1750
84
6
61
46
16 3
95
.759
. 0264
1987
78
. 007
50.8
40 8
44 8
42.5
1878
84
8
63
51
16 2
96
.810
.0271
1988
103
. 010
47 . 2
37 . 6
41 . 6
39.4
1866
86
6
65
54
15 4
98
.824
.0286
1989
85
. 008
47 . 5
37 . 8
41 1
39.3
1975
90
9
64
55
15 9
97
. 843
. 0276
1990
46
. 005
48 7
38 . 3
42 0
40.0
2021
87
9
63
54
16.2
96
. 854
. 0269
1991
111
.013
48.2
37 . 4
41.8
39 . 4
2008
85
5
62
56
15.6
98
. 907
. 0280
1992
111
.014
48 6
37 . 2
42.1
39 . 5
1984
87
6
61
55
15.8
97
. 902
. 0278
1993
88
.010
51.1
38 . 9
43.8
41 . 2
1979
88
6
61
56
15 . 5
98
. 906
. 0282
1994
100
. 012
50.0
37 . 6
42 7
40.0
1981
91
7
61
55
15 . 7
97
. 904
.0280
1995
29
. 003
54 . 5
40.3
46 8
43.3
2000
99
9
61
55
15 7
97
. 902
.0275
1996
25
. 003
54 . 8
40.3
46.4
43.2
2000
99
9
61
55
15 7
97
. 902
. 0275
1997
13
. 002
54 . 4
39.5
46.1
42 . 7
2000
90
5
61
55
15.7
97
. 902
. 0275
1998
11
.001
53 . 6
38 .1
46.1
41 . 9
2000
89
7
60
55
15.7
97
. 917
. 0275
2000
11
.001
61 . 6
42 . 7
51. 6
47 .1
2000
68
1
61
61
13.2
100
1 .005
. 0306
2001
3
.000
71.2
49 3
56.3
52 . 9
2111
50
0
61
6 6
11 1
102
1 .084
. 0315
2003
1
. 000
69.0
47 4
53.0
50 . 4
2167
50
0
61
6 6
11 .1
101
1. 076
. 0304
2004
0
. 000
68 . 5
46.7
51 . 9
49.5
2175
50
0
61
65
11 .1
101
1 . 075
.0303
2005
0
. 000
69 . 7
46.6
52 . 7
49.9
2140
50
0
61
68
11 .1
103
1 .123
.0322
2006
1
. 000
70 3
46.7
53 . 6
50.4
2111
50
0
61
72
11.1
105
1 .182
. 0343
2008
30
. 004
49.5
33.4
40.5
37 .1
2000
50
0
61
70
13.0
105
1.148
. 0350
Percent of Three-Cylinder Cars:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
1985
100 . 0
90.1
1986
100 . 0
64 .7
100 . 0
1987
100 . 0
73.5
8 . 6
86 . 5
13.5
1988
89 . 0
11.0
76.5
13 . 2
1.5
68 . 6
31. 4
1989
100 . 0
64 .3
14 . 9
13 . 0
57 .5
70 . 5
29.5
1990
89 . 0
11.0
77 .7
6.4
24 . 2
70.1
79 . 3
20.7
1991
94 . 5
5.5
61 .0
3.3
7 . 8
89.7
91 . 9
8 .1
1992
99 . 6
.4
50.1
.2
1 . 9
97 . 4
98 . 8
1. 2
1993
97 . 7
2.3
69.2
. 9
4 . 6
95.4
95 . 4
4 . 6
1994
100 . 0
53 . 9
2 . 4
97 . 6
97 . 6
2 . 4
1995
100 . 0
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
1996
100 . 0
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
1997
100 . 0
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
1998
100 . 0
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
2000
52 . 4
100.0
52 . 4
47 . 6
47 . 6
52 . 4
2001
100 . 0
55.8
44 . 2
100 . 0
100 . 0
2003
100 . 0
33.2
66.8
100 . 0
100 . 0
2004
100 . 0
29.8
70.2
100 . 0
100 . 0
2005
100 . 0
44 .0
56.0
100 . 0
100 . 0
2006
100.0
55 . 7
44 .3
100 . 0
100 . 0
2008
100.0
100 . 0
100 . 0
TON CU-FT CU-FT-
¦MPG -MPG TON-MPG
42.8
4037
3533
42 . 0
4052
3546
40 . 3
3660
3413
37 . 3
3471
3224
39 . 4
3675
3581
41.3
3643
3646
40.2
3458
3459
39.7
3528
3490
41. 4
3734
3678
40 . 3
3736
3690
43 . 3
4331
4331
43 . 2
4321
4321
42.7
3866
3866
41 . 9
3761
3761
48.8
3150
3150
55. 9
2658
2794
54 . 6
2528
2730
53 . 8
2481
2691
53 . 4
2504
2670
53 . 2
2529
2661
37 .1
1857
1857
WT
HYBRID
52 . 4
52 .
. 4
100.0
100 .
.0
100.0
100 .
.0
100.0
100 .
.0
100.0
100 .
.0
100.0
100 .
. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
J-3
September 2008
-------
Table J-4
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Four-Cylinder Cars
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
1805
.219
24 .3
18 . 7
23.8
20 . 7
2651
112
79
15.1
102
.716
. 0298
27 . 6
1976
2017
.207
26.5
20 5
25.8
22 . 6
2613
111
77
15.2
102
.706
. 0296
29.7
1977
2287
.202
28 7
22 . 4
27 6
24 . 4
2523
86.8
106
78
14 . 6
103
.742
. 0308
31 . 2
2178
2718
1978
2926
.262
28 . 3
22.3
26 7
24 .1
2511
88 9
108
77
14 . 7
103
.727
.0308
30 . 7
2196
2731
1979
3157
.292
27 .1
21 2
25 7
23.1
2564
90 .1
110
77
14 . 9
102
. 707
. 0300
29 8
2121
2695
1980
4511
.478
28 .1
22 0
26.8
23 . 9
2573
93 . 0
116
78
14 .8
102
. 681
. 0303
31 .0
2267
2891
1981
4469
.512
29.8
23 . 4
28.3
25 . 4
2555
97 .7
115
79
14 . 6
103
.693
. 0308
32 . 7
2515
3192
1982
4251
.544
30 . 9
24 .1
29.8
26 . 3
2595
97 . 8
114
78
14 . 9
102
. 686
. 0300
34 .4
2609
3367
1983
4158
.520
31. 2
24 . 4
29.8
26 . 6
2622
101 .2
118
81
14 . 7
103
. 694
. 0307
35.2
2737
3556
1984
5744
. 538
31. 4
24 . 4
30.2
26.7
2655
100.3
119
85
14 . 3
105
.718
. 0320
35 . 8
2720
3586
1985
5865
. 543
31 . 5
24 . 6
30 . 3
26 . 9
2671
101. 9
120
90
13 8
107
.752
.0336
36 .1
2774
3685
1986
6462
. 587
31 . 3
24 . 2
30 . 0
26.6
2719
102 . 5
121
91
13 9
106
. 753
. 0332
36 3
2753
3725
1987
6679
. 622
31 .1
24 . 0
29 7
26.3
2732
102 .1
121
92
13.8
107
. 772
. 0336
36.1
2710
3689
1988
6333
.590
31 .7
24 . 3
30.1
26 . 7
2739
101 . 8
118
95
13.6
108
.805
. 0343
36.7
2748
3742
1989
5671
.566
31 .1
23 . 6
29.6
26 .1
2794
101 .5
120
100
13.1
110
.840
. 0357
36.6
2678
3718
1990
4925
.559
30.7
23 .1
29.1
25 . 6
2857
100.8
122
108
12 6
112
. 901
. 0378
36.7
2605
3706
1991
4843
.568
30.8
23 0
29.3
25 . 7
2846
100 . 9
120
108
12 5
113
. 913
. 0380
36.7
2620
3709
1992
3946
.487
30. 9
22 . 8
29.4
25.7
2885
100.7
120
112
12 . 3
114
. 947
. 0388
37 . 2
2613
3746
1993
4267
. 505
31 . 6
23.1
30 .1
26.1
2866
101. 9
119
110
12 . 4
113
. 930
.0383
37 . 6
2689
3831
1994
4190
.498
31 . 6
22 9
30 .1
26.0
2899
102 . 0
120
113
12 . 3
114
. 955
. 0390
37 . 9
2682
3868
1995
4620
.492
32 . 2
23.1
30 . 7
26.4
2889
102 . 7
118
120
11.7
117
1 . 016
. 0413
38 . 3
2737
3932
1996
3982
.505
31 . 6
22 . 5
30.1
25 . 9
2936
102 . 8
121
123
11 6
118
1 .023
. 0420
38 .1
2684
3919
1997
4481
.538
31 .8
22 . 4
30.2
25 . 9
2947
102 .4
121
124
11 5
118
1 .024
. 0420
38 .2
2671
3920
1998
4098
.514
32 .0
22 . 4
30.3
25 . 9
3015
103.4
122
127
11 5
118
1 .044
. 0421
39.2
2701
4057
1999
4057
.484
31. 4
21 . 9
29.7
25 . 4
3072
103.7
123
129
11 . 5
119
1. 051
. 0421
39.1
2655
4064
2000
4400
.482
31. 2
21 . 6
29 2
25.2
3072
104 . 4
123
130
11 . 4
119
1.063
.0425
38 . 7
2645
4049
2001
4180
.497
31 . 7
21.8
29 5
25.4
3102
104 . 9
124
132
11 . 4
119
1 .067
.0425
39 . 6
2699
4167
2002
4331
. 522
31 . 5
21 5
29 1
25.1
3135
106 . 7
126
138
11 .1
121
1 . 099
. 0440
39 6
2710
4234
2003
4136
. 520
32 . 2
21 8
29 6
25 . 5
3161
107 .1
126
142
10 9
123
1 .135
. 0449
40 6
2767
4359
2004
3744
.497
32 . 6
21 . 9
29 9
25 . 8
3153
107 . 3
126
145
10.7
124
1 .153
. 0458
41.0
2805
4405
2005
4363
.544
33.2
22 . 2
30.1
26 .1
3143
108 .3
126
145
10.6
124
1 .151
. 0459
41.5
2877
4506
2006
4039
.505
33.3
22 . 2
30.2
26 . 2
3185
108 .1
127
150
10.5
125
1.183
. 0470
42.2
2878
4572
2007
4631
. 577
34 . 3
22 . 9
31. 0
26 . 9
3203
108 .0
127
149
10 . 5
125
1.167
.0463
43.7
2969
4738
2008
4771
. 559
34 . 7
23.2
31 . 2
27.1
3213
108 . 3
127
151
10 . 4
125
1.183
.0468
44 . 3
3005
4814
Percent of Four-Cylinder Cars:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
1975
25.2
68 . 9
14
4
8
1976
22.0
63 . 9
6
7
6
1977
28.3
69 . 5
11
9
1
8
1978
31 .8
67 . 4
10
4
1
7
1979
33.5
1 . 2
65 . 9
7
0
2
1
1980
44 .8
1 . 0
60 . 3
9
1
3
6
1981
60 . 6
. 9
55 . 2
1. 7
7
5
4
0
1982
72.1
. 9
49.5
21. 4
7
5
11 2
2
6
1983
76.2
5 .1
45 0
26.2
11
7
21 0
1
0
1984
81. 3
1 . 4
39 9
30 . 4
15
4
28.3
1
6
1985
84 . 0
3.7
36.7
31 . 8
18
7
33 6
8
1986
89 . 5
1.5
36.5
37 . 0
24
4
38 9
4
92 . 4
5.4
2 . 2
1987
92 . 0
1.5
34 .4
43 0
24
9
43.2
1
78 .1
14 . 4
7 . 4
1988
94 .1
1. 0
35.2
50 . 3
32
7
45.9
69 8
15.1
15.1
1989
93 . 2
1. 5
31. 8
53 . 5
43
7
41. 3
1
61 .2
19 7
19.2
1990
93 . 2
1. 5
30. 6
57 . 9
62
9
35 3
0
47 6
9 . 4
43.0
1991
92 . 5
2 .1
31 . 2
60 . 9
68
9
31 0
1
47.1
10 . 6
42 . 3
2 . 8
1992
88.5
1 . 2
30 .1
61 .4
86
6
13 4
0
41 8
8 . 8
49.4
4 . 9
1993
94 .1
2 . 0
29 3
62 . 9
88
1
11 9
45.2
5 . 8
49.0
5 . 4
1994
97 .1
. 7
27 . 4
67 .1
92
1
7 9
39.4
3 . 6
57 . 0
12 .1
1995
90.2
2 . 2
27 . 4
70.7
98
3
1 7
24 . 7
2 . 2
73.1
12 . 3
1996
95 . 9
2 . 5
24 . 0
73.8
0
98
3
1 5
1
21 6
1 . 9
76 . 6
14 . 6
1997
95.8
2 . 8
21.5
77 . 3
1
98
7
1.2
1
23 . 9
1. 6
74 . 3
.2 11.6
1998
95 . 6
3.0
19.3
79 9
1
99
7
3
19 5
1. 6
78 .1
.8 22.0
1999
96 . 0
3.1
17 . 6
81 . 2
1
99
6
2
2
19 7
2 . 0
76 . 4
1.8 18.7
2000
95 . 2
2 . 9
17.0
80 . 7
0
99
5
5
20 8
1. 7
75 . 4
2.2 24.7
2001
95 . 9
3.1
17.2
80 7
4
99
5
5
18 . 0
. 7
77 . 7
3.7 31.7
2002
95 . 2
3.7
16.9
81 . 9
7
99
2
8
16 8
. 6
78 . 8
3.7 42.8
. 6
2003
95 . 4
3.5
15.8
82 . 6
1
6
99
3
7
7 . 6
88 .1
4.3 52 .1
1.1
2004
95 . 3
3.6
14 . 4
82 . 5
2
7
99
4
6
4 . 0
92 .5
3.5 55.1
1. 9
2005
94 . 4
4 . 3
13.0
83 0
3
8
99
3
7
5 . 6
92 . 9
1.5 66 . 6
3.4
2006
94 . 5
4 . 4
13.5
82 . 8
3
6
98
9
1
1
4 .5
95.3
.2 73.0
2 . 9
2007
95 . 4
3.4
10.9
74 . 5
14
6
100
0
2 . 9
97 .1
69 . 6
5 . 8
2008
94 . 2
4 .1
13 9
69.5
16
7
2.4 97
6
. 7
99 . 3
70 . 6
6 . 5
EPA420-R-
08-
015
J
-4
September
2008
-------
Table J-5 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Five-Cylinder Cars
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
5
.001
26.8
21 . 5
24 .5
22 . 8
3500
183
77
19.3
95
.421
. 0220
39.8
1976
12
.001
24 .4
20 . 0
21 7
20 . 7
4000
183
77
21 5
93
.421
. 0192
41 4
1977
12
. 001
24 . 9
20 7
21 6
21 .1
4000
105.0
183
77
21 . 5
93
.421
. 0192
42 2
2214
4428
1978
39
. 003
20.9
16 5
19.6
17.8
3411
103. 6
152
102
15 .1
106
. 690
. 0306
31 . 5
1873
3249
1979
43
. 004
22 . 8
18.4
20 . 7
19.4
3596
106.0
162
100
16 1
104
. 636
.0284
35 . 9
2090
3818
1980
6 6
. 007
23 . 8
18.7
22 . 6
20.3
3357
105 . 3
152
92
16 3
102
. 630
.0281
35 . 4
2208
3744
1981
59
. 007
25 4
20.1
23 8
21. 6
3358
105 . 3
155
98
15 6
104
. 650
. 0297
37 . 4
2330
3971
1982
58
. 007
26 9
21 5
24 . 7
22 . 9
3601
105 . 8
163
114
14 . 3
108
.705
. 0319
42.3
2460
4501
1983
64
.008
27.4
22 . 0
25.1
23 . 3
3660
106.1
165
114
14 . 5
108
.696
. 0313
43.6
2505
4638
1984
116
. 011
24 . 6
19 4
23.3
21 . 0
3326
110.3
148
109
13 . 9
109
.748
. 0330
35.8
2334
3929
1985
99
. 009
24 . 0
18 . 9
22 8
20.5
3360
110.2
151
117
13 . 3
111
.788
. 0352
34 . 9
2265
3837
1986
71
. 006
23 . 3
17 . 9
22 . 7
19.8
3035
111. 0
136
116
12 . 3
114
.854
.0383
30 . 2
2206
3357
1987
44
. 004
23 . 9
18.3
23 . 0
20.2
3095
110 . 7
139
127
11 . 7
117
. 914
.0409
31 . 7
2253
3499
1988
18
. 002
24 . 3
18 4
23 7
20.5
3047
104 . 6
140
129
11.4
119
. 920
. 0422
31 . 5
2155
3288
1989
15
. 002
23 8
18 0
22 . 8
20 . 0
3415
108 . 5
140
135
12.0
117
. 969
. 0398
34 .3
2173
3725
1990
18
.002
23 9
18 . 0
22.8
20 . 0
3407
105 .1
141
138
11 8
118
. 980
. 0406
34 .4
2124
3628
1991
15
.002
24 .5
18 .1
24 .0
20 . 5
3460
106.7
142
141
11 9
119
1 .002
. 0407
36.1
2230
3870
1992
27
. 003
26.1
19 2
25.1
21 . 7
3497
100 . 9
150
170
10 . 3
129
1.135
. 0486
38 . 2
2210
3865
1993
41
. 005
27 1
19 5
26.7
22.5
3509
108 . 2
149
169
10 . 3
128
1.133
. 0481
39 . 6
2445
4288
1994
54
. 006
26 1
18.7
25 . 8
21.7
3504
114 . 7
147
184
9 . 7
134
1 .252
.0524
38 . 0
2491
4363
1995
60
. 006
26 5
18.7
26 5
22 . 0
3512
118 . 6
146
185
9 . 6
134
1 .271
.0528
38 . 6
2609
4579
1996
84
. 011
26 3
18 5
25 9
21. 7
3500
115 . 6
148
180
9.8
133
1 . 221
. 0515
38 . 0
2513
4398
1997
51
. 006
26 2
18 3
25 8
21 . 6
3500
117 .1
148
181
9.7
133
1 . 224
. 0518
37 .8
2532
4432
1998
97
.012
25.7
17 . 9
25.0
21 .1
3609
120 .1
148
185
9.8
133
1 .251
. 0514
38 .0
2530
4571
1999
64
.008
26.2
18 . 2
25.3
21 . 4
3663
121.2
148
180
10.1
131
1.213
.0492
39.2
2598
4750
2000
60
. 007
26.0
17 . 9
25.1
21 . 2
3667
121.3
148
182
10 . 0
131
1.233
.0497
38 . 8
2571
4710
2001
82
. 010
25.9
18 . 0
24 . 2
20 . 9
3745
121. 3
148
195
9 . 7
135
1. 322
.0522
39 . 4
2546
4764
2002
77
. 009
27 . 0
18.4
25 . 5
21.8
3769
118 . 8
148
191
9 . 9
133
1 .287
.0507
41 . 0
2584
4880
2003
36
. 005
26 8
18.1
25 6
21. 6
3778
118 . 7
150
191
9 . 9
133
1 .270
.0506
40 9
2572
4866
2004
109
. 015
26 8
18 0
25 4
21. 6
3804
119 . 2
152
199
9.7
135
1 . 312
. 0524
41 1
2571
4896
2005
134
. 017
27 . 6
18 3
26.1
22 .1
3656
113 . 9
152
183
10.1
131
1 . 202
. 0498
40.4
2513
4602
2006
190
.024
28.5
18 . 8
27.2
22 . 8
3562
107 . 4
151
171
10.3
129
1 .130
. 0480
40 6
2445
4366
2007
201
.025
28 . 6
18 . 9
27.2
22 . 9
3541
107 .1
151
166
10.5
127
1.096
. 0468
40.5
2447
4336
2008
173
. 020
29.4
19 4
27 9
23 . 5
3496
104 .5
151
178
9 . 8
132
1.175
. 0509
41 0
2454
4286
Percent of Five-Cylinder Cars:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
1975
1976
1977
1978
Cji
CO
X)
8 .1
1979
40.4
8 . 9
1980
56 . 6
18 . 5
1981
51 .0
21 . 5
1982
37 .1
11 . 0
1983
32 .2
. 8
11 . 7
1984
65.8
2 . 6
18 . 2
1985
63.1
4 .1
15 . 6
1986
84 . 9
12 . 6
28 . 4
1987
70.4
24 . 0
36 . 5
1988
60.5
36 . 0
56 .1
1989
86 . 8
10 . 9
29.2
1990
74 . 5
19.0
30.8
1991
69 . 0
16.4
24 .5
55 . 2
1992
88 . 6
1.1
17.1
72 . 5
1993
93 . 3
1.8
15.7
79 . 4
1994
99 .1
. 9
9.8
90 . 2
1995
97 . 6
2 . 4
8 . 7
91 . 3
1996
100 . 0
4 . 8
95 . 2
1997
100 . 0
3.2
96 . 8
1998
78 . 6
21. 4
3.3
96 . 7
1999
72 . 6
27 . 4
2 . 6
97 . 4
2000
74 . 9
25.1
1. 9
98 .1
2001
67 .1
32 . 9
2 . 6
97 . 4
2002
73 . 2
26.8
1. 7
98 . 3
2003
64 . 5
25.1
4 . 0
96 . 0
2004
62 . 4
37 . 6
3.8
96 . 2
2005
76 . 3
23.7
11.2
88 . 8
2006
86 .1
13 . 9
11. 3
88 . 7
2007
89 . 0
11.0
12.7
87 . 3
2008
96 .1
3 . 9
19.7
80 . 3
48.1
58 . 9
38 .0
41 . 9
40.8
35.3
29.0
68 .4
67 .3
97 .5
94 .4
96.5
97 . 7
93 . 5
85 . 4
89 . 7
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
51 . 9
100.0
100.0
100.0
41.1
62 .0
58 .1
59.2
64 .7
71. 0
31. 6
32 . 7
2 . 5
5.6
3.5
2 . 3
6 . 5
14 . 6
10 . 3
100
0
100
0
100
0
86
9
86
2
13
4
4
9
13 .1
13 . 8
86 . 6
95 .1
67 .1
100 . 0
54 . 9
100 . 0
66 .1
100.0
53 . 2
100.0
46 . 9
100.0
50 . 9
100.0
51 . 9
100.0
100 . 0
100.0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100.0
100 . 0
100.0
100 . 0
67 . 3
100 . 0
39.2
100 . 0
22 . 8
100 . 0
21. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
J-5
September 2008
-------
Table J-6 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Six-Cylinder Cars
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
1533
.186
18.4
14
6
17.2
15 . 7
3625
225
105
15.7
105
.485
. 0295
28.5
1976
1935
.199
19.3
15
4
17 9
16 . 4
3715
231
100
16.7
103
.445
. 0273
30. 6
1977
1851
.164
19.6
15
6
18 2
16 . 7
3753
106.6
229
105
16 1
104
.471
. 0284
31. 4
1782
3364
1978
2325
.208
20 . 2
15
9
19 2
17.2
3482
108 . 6
221
107
14 . 8
107
.495
.0311
30 . 0
1878
3273
1979
2187
.203
20 . 4
16
1
19 2
17 . 4
3421
108 . 8
217
109
14 . 4
108
. 508
.0319
29 7
1893
3245
1980
2644
. 280
21 . 6
16
9
20 6
18 . 4
3332
111 . 0
213
110
13 9
109
. 530
. 0334
30 . 7
2050
3411
1981
2394
. 274
22 . 6
17
6
21.7
19 . 2
3382
111 . 6
215
110
14 .1
108
.522
. 0328
32 . 6
2153
3650
1982
2080
.266
23.0
17
7
22.5
19 . 6
3404
112 . 9
213
114
13.8
110
.548
. 0338
33.5
2230
3802
1983
1858
.232
23.8
18
3
23.5
20 . 3
3373
111.0
211
116
13.6
111
. 565
.0346
34 . 3
2265
3824
1984
2455
.230
24 .1
18
5
23.8
20 . 5
3364
111.3
205
117
13 . 4
111
. 586
. 0350
34 . 6
2291
3854
1985
2498
.232
24 .1
18
2
24 . 3
20 . 6
3387
111. 8
206
124
12 . 9
114
. 617
.0368
34 . 8
2304
3902
1986
2694
.245
24 . 9
18
7
25 . 5
21. 2
3377
112 . 0
200
134
12 .1
117
. 683
.0398
35 . 9
2391
4045
1987
2489
. 232
25 1
18
5
26 1
21. 4
3414
112 . 9
198
143
11 . 6
120
. 733
. 0419
36 5
2423
4138
1988
2985
. 278
25 9
18
9
26.8
21 . 9
3397
113 . 6
193
142
11.5
120
.744
. 0418
37 .4
2505
4257
1989
3157
.315
25.7
18
6
26 6
21 . 7
3423
114 .8
194
146
11 4
121
.762
. 0429
37 .2
2502
4281
1990
2989
.339
25.4
18
3
26.4
21 . 5
3504
114 . 0
197
150
11 4
122
.773
. 0431
37 .7
2457
4305
1991
2635
.309
25.3
18
2
26.0
21 . 3
3490
113 . 6
197
156
11 0
124
.796
. 0448
37 . 2
2429
4240
1992
3067
. 378
25.4
18
0
26.2
21 . 3
3500
114 . 3
199
158
10 . 9
125
.810
. 0454
37 . 3
2442
4274
1993
3255
. 385
25 . 8
18
3
26 2
21.5
3488
113.9
199
158
10 . 9
125
.805
.0454
37 . 6
2462
4294
1994
3127
. 372
25 . 6
18
0
26 0
21. 3
3534
113 . 2
198
159
10 9
125
.812
.0451
37 . 7
2419
4274
1995
3667
. 390
26 0
18
2
26 6
21. 7
3532
113 .1
195
172
10.3
129
. 888
. 0487
38 . 3
2457
4336
1996
3020
. 383
26 1
18
1
26.5
21 . 6
3552
113 . 6
194
172
10.3
129
.894
. 0485
38 .4
2460
4372
1997
3006
.361
25 9
17
8
26.3
21 . 4
3574
114 .5
197
179
10.1
131
. 918
. 0502
38 .3
2457
4395
1998
3090
.388
26.2
17
9
26.5
21 . 6
3542
113 . 3
194
180
10.0
132
. 934
. 0507
38 .3
2451
4344
1999
3589
.428
26.2
17
8
26.2
21 . 5
3577
113.2
192
186
9.8
134
. 980
. 0521
38 . 5
2438
4366
2000
3910
.428
26.3
17
8
26.2
21 . 5
3585
113.9
191
189
9 . 7
135
1. 001
. 0528
38 . 6
2459
4412
2001
3463
.412
26 3
17
8
26 0
21.5
3586
112 . 9
191
194
9 . 5
136
1 . 025
.0540
38 . 6
2433
4365
2002
3273
.394
26 6
17
9
25 9
21. 6
3606
113 . 0
195
200
9 . 3
138
1 . 036
. 0555
39 0
2451
4417
2003
3118
. 392
26 8
17
9
26 2
21. 7
3602
112 . 3
194
201
9.3
139
1 . 040
. 0558
39 2
2449
4411
2004
3087
.410
26 6
17
6
25.8
21 . 5
3692
113 . 5
199
209
9.1
140
1 .061
. 0567
39.7
2448
4525
2005
2927
.365
26.7
17
6
25.8
21 . 5
3776
115 . 9
202
214
9.1
141
1.066
. 0566
40.7
2503
4736
2006
3068
.384
26.8
17
7
25.7
21 . 5
3837
115 . 5
202
225
8 . 8
144
1.119
. 0588
41.4
2494
4798
2007
2631
.328
26.9
17
7
26.0
21 . 7
3880
114 .0
206
232
8 . 7
146
1.135
. 0600
42 2
2481
4826
2008
2890
. 339
26.9
17
7
26.2
21.7
3939
113.4
207
243
8 . 5
149
1.180
. 0619
42 . 8
2468
4873
Percent of Six-Cylinder Cars:
MODEL
DRIVETRAIN
TRANSMISSION
FUEL
METERING
NUMBER OF
VALVES
YEAR
FRONT
4WD
MANUAL
LOCK
CVT
GDI
PORT
TBI
DSL
TWO
THREE
FOUR
FIVE
WT
1975
19 3
8
3
1976
15 . 2
4
7
1977
11 . 9
6
7
1978
9 .1
8.3
5
3
1979
.5
9 .1
8 . 2
6
9
1980
22.0
1 . 5
8 . 2
25.7
4
3
2
1981
14 .2
. 8
5 . 4
58 . 8
6
8
3
1982
19.5
1 .1
5 . 3
89.3
9
8
8 . 0
2
6
1983
22.4
1 . 7
6 . 6
90.1
12
3
2
0
1984
31. 5
. 9
6 .1
91. 9
21
0
8 . 8
1
4
1985
48 . 6
. 0
6 . 3
92 . 7
41
1
21 . 6
6
1986
63.4
. 3
6 . 9
91 .1
64
7
15.4
3
98 . 9
1 .1
1987
73 . 0
.2
7 . 9
89 . 2
88
8
7 . 9
8
95 . 9
4 .1
1988
83 . 8
.2
5.8
92 . 5
97
6
2.3
93 . 7
1. 0
5 . 3
1989
84 .1
.3
5.0
93 . 0
99
8
.2
93 . 2
. 7
6 .1
1990
86 . 3
.1
3 . 9
94 . 3
99
8
. 1
0
91 . 5
. 1
8 . 3
1991
87 . 8
.4
4 .3
93 . 6
99
9
1
90 . 0
. 1
9 . 9
. 6
1992
88 . 6
1.3
4 .2
93 .1
99
9
. 1
0
85 . 8
. 4
13 . 8
3 .1
1993
88 . 2
. 3
4 . 3
93 . 8
100
0
. 0
81 . 9
18 .1
2 . 6
1994
86 . 4
. 2
4 . 3
94 . 2
100
0
0
79 . 3
20 . 7
2 . 2
1995
87 . 4
. 2
4 . 4
93 . 9
99
8
2
70 . 2
29 . 8
6 . 7
1996
88 . 9
. 7
4 . 2
94 . 3
99
9
1
65 . 9
34 .1
8 . 3
1997
87 . 8
. 6
3.5
96 . 5
99
9
1
64 . 3
. 4
35 . 3
9 . 8
1998
87 . 8
1.1
4 . 0
96 . 0
99
9
1
63 .1
1 . 6
34 .2
1 . 2
13 . 3
1999
87 . 9
1.1
4 . 0
95 . 8
99
9
1
49.9
1 . 9
46.3
1 . 9
16 . 2
2000
85 . 7
1.0
5.0
94 . 9
100
0
48 .1
1. 3
48 . 9
1. 7
22 . 8
2001
82 .1
3.1
4 . 9
94 . 9
100
0
48 . 7
2 . 5
45 . 9
2 . 8
25.0
2002
83 . 3
4 .0
3.8
96 . 0
.1
100
0
46.5
2 . 8
48 . 5
2 . 2
23.6
2003
77 . 7
3.7
5.2
94 . 5
.2
100
0
47 . 2
3.2
47 . 3
2 . 3
31. 8
2004
76 . 9
6 . 6
4 .5
95 . 3
. 1
100
0
41 .1
2 . 4
55 . 0
1. 5
33. 6
2005
72 . 4
7.1
3.1
95 . 4
1. 4
99
8
2
41 . 5
2 .1
55 . 9
. 5
33.0
2006
63 . 8
7 . 2
3.7
94 . 6
1. 6
99
8
2
32 . 8
. 5
66 . 5
. 1
52 . 5
2007
67 . 6
8 . 5
3.8
92 . 4
3.9
99
7
3
33 . 4
. 3
66.2
67 . 7
2008
62 . 6
12 2
4 . 0
91 . 7
4 . 3
2 . 3
97
6
1
22 . 6
. 3
77 .0
64 . 8
. 7
. 1
. 3
. 1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
J-6
September 2008
-------
Table J-7
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Eight-Cylinder Cars
MODEL
YEAR
< FUEL ECONOMY >
(000) FRAC LAB
55/45
AD J
CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
WGHT
LB
VOL
CU-FT
ENGINE
CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
HP/
CID
HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
1975
4840
.588
13.4
10 . 5
12 . 9
11 . 5
4732
376
167
13.4
117
446
. 0354
27.3
1976
5728
.589
15.1
11 . 9
14 . 4
12 . 9
4689
368
165
13.4
116
448
. 0352
30.3
1977
7132
. 631
16.2
12 . 7
15.3
13 . 8
4450
119.0
348
158
13 . 2
116
455
. 0356
30.8
1651
3665
1978
5882
. 526
17 . 2
13.4
16 7
14 .7
4166
119.2
335
154
12 . 8
117
460
.0371
30 . 8
1777
3680
1979
5354
.496
17 . 6
13.8
16 7
15.0
4060
120 . 6
324
149
12 . 9
116
460
.0368
30 . 6
1826
3698
1980
2169
. 230
19 1
14 . 7
18 . 7
16.3
3920
120 . 6
309
135
13 6
113
439
. 0346
32 . 4
1999
3939
1981
1778
. 204
20.2
15 . 4
20.3
17 . 3
3973
123 . 0
307
133
14 .0
112
440
. 0337
34 . 9
2168
4331
1982
1377
.176
20.3
15 . 3
20.7
17 . 3
3940
123 . 4
305
138
13.5
114
457
. 0355
34 . 6
2169
4320
1983
1859
.232
20.1
15 .1
20.6
17 . 2
3946
125.0
298
143
12 9
115
482
. 0364
34 . 0
2154
4274
1984
2316
.217
20.3
15 3
20.9
17 . 4
3913
122.3
300
144
12 . 8
116
483
. 0371
34 .1
2130
4202
1985
2229
.207
21 . 7
16.3
22 . 4
18 . 6
3895
122 . 8
296
151
12 . 4
118
509
.0389
36 . 2
2284
4471
1986
1651
.150
22 . 5
16.7
23 . 4
19.2
3813
120 . 2
299
152
12 . 0
120
511
.0403
36 . 6
2315
4440
1987
1387
. 129
22 . 2
16.4
22 . 9
18 . 9
3846
120 . 2
299
155
12.0
120
520
. 0407
36 3
2278
4406
1988
1247
. 116
22 . 6
16 5
23.4
19 . 2
3854
121 . 5
301
164
11 . 6
123
544
. 0430
37 .0
2338
4540
1989
1070
.107
22.7
16 5
23 6
19 . 2
3831
121.5
300
160
11 6
122
535
. 0423
36 9
2342
4523
1990
812
.092
22 3
16 1
23.3
18 . 9
3947
121 . 4
294
173
11 3
125
597
. 0441
37 .3
2299
4568
1991
905
.106
22.8
16 3
23.7
19 . 2
3947
122.0
298
198
10.0
134
669
. 0504
37 . 9
2351
4672
1992
951
.117
22 9
16 3
23.8
19 . 3
4006
124 .1
295
208
9 . 8
136
714
. 0523
38 . 7
2406
4847
1993
791
.094
22 8
16 0
23.8
19.1
4010
123.8
296
215
9 . 6
139
736
. 0542
38 . 4
2382
4805
1994
933
.111
22 . 9
16.1
23 . 7
19.2
3989
121. 2
292
225
9 . 2
142
776
.0566
38 . 3
2330
4678
1995
1013
.108
22 . 9
15 9
23 8
19.1
4005
120 . 3
289
230
9 . 0
143
803
. 0575
38 . 3
2307
4642
1996
775
. 098
23 3
16.1
24 .1
19.4
4018
122 . 9
289
241
8.7
147
841
.0602
39 0
2385
4816
1997
780
. 094
23 2
16.0
23.7
19 . 3
4001
122 . 2
279
247
8.5
149
891
.0620
38 . 6
2356
4719
1998
672
.084
23.1
15 . 9
23.3
19 .1
3971
117 . 6
280
256
8.2
153
918
.0647
38 .0
2251
4486
1999
6 66
.079
23.2
15 . 8
23.5
19 . 2
3968
119.0
283
251
8 . 4
151
890
.0635
38 .0
2284
4550
2000
743
.081
23.3
15 8
23.4
19 . 2
3986
117.5
281
277
7 . 7
159
989
. 0697
38 . 3
2264
4531
2001
674
. 080
23.4
15 8
23.5
19 . 2
3994
116.6
279
261
8 . 2
154
939
. 0657
38 . 4
2245
4507
2002
618
. 074
23 . 5
15.8
23 .1
19.2
4002
109.3
281
270
8 . 0
157
964
.0680
38 . 4
2104
4232
2003
655
. 082
23 .1
15.5
22 . 8
18 . 9
4178
107 . 7
281
276
8 .1
156
985
.0669
39 . 5
2058
4335
2004
555
. 074
23 2
15.3
23 0
18 . 9
4181
113 . 3
282
277
8 . 2
157
984
.0671
39 6
2151
4552
2005
574
. 072
23 2
15.4
22 . 7
18 . 8
4226
112 . 7
294
297
7.8
163
1
011
. 0713
39 9
2132
4558
2006
673
. 084
22.8
15 .1
22.5
18 . 6
4214
115 .1
304
311
7.4
167
1
025
. 0747
39.2
2146
4559
2007
539
.067
22.5
14 . 8
22.3
18 . 4
4270
112 . 6
308
327
7 . 3
172
1
063
. 0777
39.3
2072
4469
2008
654
.077
22 . 6
14 . 9
22 4
18 . 4
4235
115.5
301
314
7 . 5
168
1
046
.0749
39.1
2138
4551
Percent of Eight-Cylinder Cars:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID
1975
1 . 7
1. 6
.7
1976
2 . 0
1 . 2
1.4
1977
1 . 8
1 . 0
1.1
1978
2.1
1 . 2
9.5
1 . 9
6
1979
3.7
1 . 4
12 . 9
2.2
2 6
1980
7 . 6
. 8
40.5
1.4
3 . 0
9.8
1981
8.8
1 .1
80.4
. 8
13 0
16.8
1982
5.5
3 . 9
90.8
1. 3
9 .1
11. 7
1983
9 . 6
3 . 5
95.5
1. 0
34 . 4
2 2
1984
9.3
3 . 2
95.8
5.2
32 . 5
7
1985
18 . 2
2 . 5
96.0
5.1
42 4
1
1986
12 . 2
4 . 3
93.2
36.2
12 . 2
99 . 8
. 2
1987
14 . 2
4 . 4
92 . 4
42 0
13 9
99 . 8
. 2
1988
16.4
6 . 2
91. 5
56.4
19 8
99.8
.2
1989
21 . 2
7 . 2
90 . 3
54 .0
36 . 9
99.8
.2
1990
28 . 4
6.7
91 . 4
85 9
10 .1
92 .2
7.8
6 . 6
1991
20 . 5
. 1
5.1
92 . 7
70 9
29 1
92 . 6
7.4
6 . 4
1992
21 . 9
. 0
3.7
94 . 3
78 . 6
21 . 4
91 . 6
8.4
8 . 9
1993
23 . 2
. 0
5.3
92 . 8
84 .7
15 . 3
83.4
16 . 6
7 . 3
1994
19 . 3
. 0
6.1
92 . 3
100.0
78.1
21 . 9
7 . 2
1995
24 .1
6.5
91 . 4
100.0
73.5
26.4
. 1
6 . 8
1996
27 . 9
6.7
93.3
100.0
63.8
36.2
. 0
5 . 4
1997
28 . 3
. 3
5 . 2
94 .8
100.0
55.3
44 . 6
. 1
12 . 8
1998
32 . 5
. 3
7 . 2
92 .8
100.0
47.4
. 8
51 .8
. 1
15 . 4
1999
31 . 4
. 3
7 . 8
92 .1
100.0
55.3
3 . 6
40 . 9
. 2
8 . 5
2000
22 . 0
. 8
8 . 2
91 .8
100.0
51 .3
4 . 9
42 . 9
. 9
11 . 3
2001
24 .1
1 . 4
9 . 3
90.7
100.0
46.5
8 . 4
44 .0
1 .1
15 . 3
2002
23.7
1 . 0
10 . 9
89.1
100.0
39 9
8 . 0
51. 5
. 6
17 . 3
2003
15.5
5 . 8
9 . 7
90.3
100.0
48 5
12 . 9
38 . 0
. 7
13 . 7
2004
15 . 0
4 . 8
10 . 2
89.8
100.0
46.8
9 . 2
40.7
3 . 3
21 .1
2005
11.2
5 . 7
10 . 5
89.3
100.0
47.3
16 9
33.2
2 . 6
30 . 4
2006
17.4
4 . 8
8 . 9
90.8
100.0
49.7
19 1
29.5
1 . 5
28 . 6
2007
14 .8
7 . 9
12 .1
87.8
100.0
41 1
12 . 5
46.0
. 4
36 . 4
2008
27.4
6 . 5
9 . 8
89.6
1.8 98 2
35.0
10 0
54 . 6
.4
28.3
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
J-7
September 2008
-------
Table J-8 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Four-Cylinder Vans
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB AD J ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
2
.004
20 6
16 2
19 6
17 . 5
3498
118
78
19 1
96
. 656
.0224
30 . 7
1976
1
.003
19.9
15 1
20.1
17 . 0
3500
120
67
20 9
92
. 558
. 0191
29 . 8
1977
2
. 004
22 2
17 . 2
21 5
18 . 9
3500
120
67
20.8
92
. 558
. 0191
33 .1
1978
3
. 004
20 . 0
15.7
19 1
17.0
3500
120
67
20 9
92
.558
. 0191
29.8
1979
8
. 018
18 . 7
14 .8
17 . 6
16.0
3500
120
67
20.9
92
.558
. 0191
28.0
1980
16
.065
19 0
14 . 7
18 . 6
16.2
3618
120
67
21 4
91
. 558
. 0186
29.4
1981
11
.046
18 . 5
14 . 6
17 . 4
15.8
3644
120
67
21 . 6
91
. 558
. 0185
28 . 7
1982
15
. 048
21.7
17 . 7
19.4
18 . 4
3668
111
61
23 . 4
89
. 550
.0168
35 . 6
1983
14
.037
19.7
15 . 6
18.4
16 . 8
3567
118
69
20 9
92
. 583
.0194
30 . 3
1984
217
.321
24 .7
19 7
22.8
21 . 0
3380
136
94
15 8
103
. 694
.0281
35 . 7
1985
341
.399
24 . 0
19 2
22 1
20 . 4
3409
142
97
15.5
104
. 690
. 0287
34 . 9
1986
354
. 339
24 . 7
19 6
22 9
20 . 9
3425
146
99
15.4
104
. 681
. 0290
36.0
1987
268
.241
24 . 6
19.3
22 . 7
20.7
3401
143
100
15.2
105
.702
. 0296
35.4
1988
143
.127
25 . 3
19.8
23 . 2
21. 3
3464
145
98
15.7
103
. 678
. 0283
37 . 0
1989
224
. 176
24 . 7
19.2
22 . 6
20.7
3505
149
110
14 . 7
107
.743
. 0316
36.3
1990
101
. 080
25 5
19.5
23 6
21 . 3
3544
149
109
15 . 0
107
.736
. 0310
37 . 8
1991
146
.141
23 9
18 . 2
22.2
19 . 9
3791
148
120
14 . 5
109
.814
.0316
37 . 8
1992
141
.116
25.0
18 . 8
23.2
20 . 7
3588
145
117
14 .1
109
.812
.0325
37 . 2
1993
92
.064
24 . 6
18 . 3
23.1
20 . 4
3638
147
118
14 . 2
109
.809
.0324
37 . 2
1994
66
.046
24 .7
18 . 3
23.0
20 . 4
3604
149
116
14 . 4
109
.782
. 0322
36 . 8
1995
87
. 053
25.1
18 . 6
22 9
20 . 6
3621
143
130
13.2
114
. 921
. 0360
37 . 2
1996
6 6
. 047
24 . 8
18 . 2
22 . 9
20.3
3817
142
149
12.1
118
1 . 050
. 0392
38 . 9
1997
6 6
. 053
24 . 9
18.1
22 . 9
20.3
3831
142
144
12 5
116
1 .008
. 0375
39.0
1998
139
.094
25 . 2
17.8
24 . 0
20.6
3941
165
173
11 1
125
1 .047
. 0439
40.7
1999
132
. 090
24 . 8
17 4
23 5
20.2
3999
166
171
11 . 4
124
1. 027
. 0428
40.4
2000
62
. 037
26 0
18 2
24 .4
21 .1
4000
148
150
12 . 5
117
1. 014
.0375
42 .1
2001
29
.023
25.4
18 . 0
22 . 9
20 . 4
4000
148
150
12 . 5
117
1 . 014
.0375
40 . 8
2002
38
.031
25 6
17 . 6
24 .2
20 . 7
4000
148
150
12 . 5
117
1 . 014
.0375
41 . 4
2003
20
.017
26 9
18 . 4
25.1
21 . 6
4000
148
150
12 . 5
117
1 . 014
. 0375
43 . 2
2004
6
. 006
25.9
17 . 5
24 . 2
20 . 8
4000
148
150
12.5
117
1 . 014
. 0375
41 . 5
2005
20
. 014
25.9
17 . 4
24 .1
20.7
4000
148
150
12.5
117
1 . 014
. 0375
41.4
2006
18
. 015
25 . 9
17.4
24 .1
20.7
4000
148
150
12 5
117
1 .014
. 0375
41.4
2007
10
. 012
25 . 9
17.4
24 .1
20.7
4000
148
150
12 5
117
1 .014
. 0375
41. 4
Percent of Four-Cylinder Vans:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID
1975
43 . 3
61 .1
1976
84 . 8
100.0
1977
89 . 9
100 . 0
1978
85 . 0
100 . 0
1979
81 . 2
100 . 0
1980
82 . 9
100 . 0
1981
81 . 2
100 . 0
1982
89 . 0
61 . 7
38 . 3
1983
4 . 2
76 . 9
93 . 6
6.4
1984
69.5
30 . 2
19.1
20.7
9 . 8
. 9
1985
76.0
. 9
19 . 9
15.3
15.8
7.4
1986
12. 0
3 . 8
17 . 8
19.9
21 . 8
2.4
1987
59.8
8 . 0
19 . 9
32 . 5
31 .1
10.3
1988
67 . 7
6 . 2
18 .1
27 . 8
31 . 6
68 .4
1989
83.9
3 . 4
9 . 6
14 . 2
46 . 0
54 .0
1990
80.2
6 . 9
14 .1
70 . 3
44 . 7
55.3
1991
34 . 0
11.2
7.5
90 . 6
70 . 4
29 . 6
1992
61 . 9
9.4
11 . 9
88 .1
62 . 0
OJ
CO
o
1993
59 . 8
4 .7
9.8
90 . 2
53 .1
46.9
1994
66 . 7
10.1
7.8
92 . 2
44 . 2
55.8
62 . 9
7.4 29.8
1995
71 .1
10 . 6
1.3
98 . 7
67 . 4
32 . 6
32 . 6
67 . 4
1996
87 . 7
1.8
.1
99.9
100 . 0
100 . 0
1997
92 . 7
2.0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
1998
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
1999
100.0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
2000
100.0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
2001
100.0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
2002
100.0
100.0
100 . 0
100 . 0
2003
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
2004
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
2005
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
2006
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
2007
100 . 0
100.0
100.0
100.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
J-8
September 2008
-------
Table J-9
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Five-Cylinder Vans
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB AD J ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1993
11
.007
21.0
16 . 0
19.0
17 . 4
4157
150
109
16 . 6
103
.727
. 0263
36 .1
1994
0
.000
20.1
15 .1
18 . 6
16 . 6
4260
150
109
16 . 8
102
.727
.0257
35 . 4
1995
2
.001
19 . 6
14 . 8
17.5
16 .1
5000
150
109
19 .1
98
.727
.0218
40 . 2
Percent of Five-Cylinder Vans:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
1993
1994
1995
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
35.7 64.3
48.0 52.0
43.8 56.2
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
J-9
September 2008
-------
Table J-10
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Six-Cylinder Vans
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB AD J ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
117
.256
16.3
13 . 0
14 . 9
13 . 8
3967
271
102
16 . 9
1976
128
.255
17 4
14 .1
15.6
14 . 7
4023
271
102
17 .1
1977
107
.208
18 0
14 . 7
16.1
15 . 3
4039
278
113
15 . 9
1978
152
.244
17 . 2
14 .1
15 . 3
14 . 6
4086
280
119
15.3
1979
96
.200
16 6
13 6
14 . 7
14 .1
4233
263
121
15.5
1980
114
.473
18 . 4
14 . 7
16 9
15.6
4182
266
118
15.6
1981
119
.488
18 . 7
15.0
17 .1
15.9
4191
268
117
15 . 9
1982
121
. 389
18.7
15 . 0
17.3
15 . 9
4181
266
111
16 . 5
1983
117
.307
18 . 9
15 .1
17.4
16 .1
4206
265
110
16 . 7
1984
144
.214
18 . 6
14 . 7
17.4
15 . 8
4118
272
112
16 . 2
1985
182
.213
20 6
16 2
19.6
17 . 6
4002
269
136
13 . 8
1986
391
. 374
20.9
16 1
20.1
17 . 7
4049
237
132
14 .2
1987
566
. 509
21 8
16 8
21 . 0
18.5
3930
219
149
12.5
1988
735
. 649
22 . 2
16.8
21 . 6
18.8
3940
213
149
12 . 5
1989
111
. 608
22 .1
16.7
21 . 4
18 . 6
3992
212
146
12 . 8
1990
935
. 741
22 . 2
16.6
21 . 4
18 . 6
4011
208
144
13 . 0
1991
742
. 718
22 . 0
16.5
21.1
18 . 4
4084
212
147
13 . 0
1992
902
.739
22.1
16 4
21.2
18 . 5
4118
213
149
13 . 0
1993
1174
.815
22.5
16 5
21 7
18 . 7
4047
208
152
12 . 6
1994
1160
.818
22.2
16 2
21 2
18 . 4
4085
213
154
12 . 5
1995
1375
.828
22 5
16 2
21 7
18 . 6
4050
221
155
12.4
1996
1230
.873
22 . 7
16.2
21 . 9
18.7
4148
214
167
11 . 9
1997
1069
.845
22 . 5
16.0
21 . 6
18 . 5
4178
213
169
11. 9
1998
1250
. 839
23 0
16.2
22 . 2
18 . 9
4136
214
177
11 . 4
1999
1200
. 820
22 . 7
15 . 8
21 . 9
18 . 6
4254
218
178
11 . 5
2000
1523
. 900
23.1
16 1
22.2
18 . 9
4234
212
180
11 . 4
2001
961
.780
23.6
16 3
22 5
19 . 2
4310
210
191
11 . 0
2002
1140
. 917
23.4
16 1
22 2
19 . 0
4368
214
199
10 . 8
2003
1148
. 932
23.8
16 2
22 6
19 . 2
4345
215
199
10 . 7
2004
907
. 951
23.9
16 1
23.0
19 . 4
4447
215
212
10.4
2005
1425
. 963
24 .1
16.1
22 . 9
19.4
4413
214
208
10.5
2006
1103
. 946
24 . 5
16.3
23 . 4
19.7
4451
214
211
10.5
2007
855
. 976
24 . 4
16.3
23 3
19.7
4451
219
225
10.0
2008
867
. 973
24 . 8
16.5
23 6
19.9
4527
217
221
10 . 4
Percent of Six-Cylinder Vans:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
25 . 9
42 . 7
32 . 2
54 . 4
46 . 5
51 . 7
55 . 5
60 .1
69 . 4
79 . 8
70 . 9
82 . 2
81 . 7
85 . 5
85 . 9
88 . 6
87 . 9
90 . 4
91 . 2
93 . 3
94 . 8
95 .1
.2
8.1
13.0
6 .
5 .
7 .
10 .
2 .
5 .
3 . 9
3.2
16.8
21.7
15.5
14 .0
43.1
40.3
34 . 6
9 . 2
33 . 0
35 .1
27.5
26 . 6
22.2
8.4
6.3
3.5
2.2
2 .1
. 6
.4
.3
.3
.1
38 . 3
40 . 8
44 . 4
71 . 0
76 . 7
86 . 7
90 . 7
91 . 8
96 . 0
97
98
97
98
98
98
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
94 . 7
95 . 0
96 . 2
100 . 0
5.3
5.0
3.8
19 .1
63 . 4
70 . 2
71 . 0
6 6.6
68 . 2
76 . 9
84 . 9
85 . 9
94 . 6
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
41. 2
33. 6
29.8
29.0
33.4
31. 8
23.1
15.1
14 .1
5.4
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
J-10
TOP
HP/
HP/
TON
SPD
CID
WT
-MPG
101
. 380
.0257
27 . 8
101
. 380
. 0253
29 . 9
105
.408
. 0280
30 . 9
106
.430
. 0293
30.0
106
.465
. 0287
30.1
105
.449
. 0284
32 . 7
105
.438
. 0279
33.3
103
.419
.0266
33 . 4
103
.418
.0263
33 . 9
104
.413
.0273
32 . 8
113
. 509
. 0343
35 . 4
111
. 574
. 0327
36 . 0
117
. 703
. 0381
36.4
117
.722
. 0380
37 .0
116
.713
. 0367
37 . 3
115
.705
. 0360
37 . 4
115
.706
.0360
37 . 8
116
.711
.0362
38 .1
117
.742
.0377
37 . 8
118
.734
.0378
37 . 7
118
. 711
. 0384
37 . 7
121
.788
. 0405
38 . 9
122
.800
. 0406
38 . 8
125
.826
. 0428
39.1
124
.822
.0420
39 . 6
125
.860
.0427
40 . 0
128
. 920
. 0446
41 . 5
129
. 936
.0456
41 . 6
130
. 933
.0459
41 . 9
133
. 994
. 0478
43 . 2
132
. 979
. 0473
42 . 9
132
. 989
. 0473
44 .0
136
1. 031
. 0504
43.8
135
1. 023
. 0489
45.2
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID
-j
CD
2 . 2
98 . 8
1. 2
98 . 8
1. 2
98 . 8
1. 2
03
CO
1 . 2
Cji
CO
4 . 2
4 . 2
CO
o
o
20 . 0
16.7
74 .1
25 . 9
21. 8
72 . 4
27 . 6
22 . 7
74 .1
25 . 9
21. 0
45 . 7
54 . 3
48 . 5
62 . 0
38 . 0
26.0
52 . 2
47 . 8
38 . 5
49.1
50 . 9
48 . 3
24 . 3
75 . 7
45.1
September 2008
-------
Table J-ll
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Eight-Cylinder Vans
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB AD J ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
338
.741
12.2
9 . 9
11.1
10 . 4
4278
334
158
12 . 8
1976
372
.742
12 . 9
10 . 3
12 . 0
11 . 0
4263
342
161
12 . 5
1977
405
.788
14 . 0
11 . 4
12 . 7
11 . 9
4312
347
163
12.5
1978
470
.752
13.5
11.0
12 . 0
11.4
4307
346
159
12.7
1979
376
.782
12 . 9
10.5
11 . 4
10 . 9
4643
342
152
14 . 2
1980
111
.462
14 . 9
11. 9
13 . 7
12 . 7
4630
334
152
14 . 0
1981
114
.466
16 . 3
13.0
15 . 0
13.8
4530
316
148
14 . 0
1982
175
. 563
16 . 2
13 . 0
14 .8
13 . 8
4511
316
153
13 . 6
1983
251
. 656
17.1
13 . 6
16.0
14 . 6
4560
318
152
13 . 9
1984
315
.465
16.4
13 . 0
15.5
14 . 0
4534
317
154
13 . 7
1985
332
.389
15 . 9
12 . 6
14 . 7
13 . 5
4542
314
157
13 . 4
1986
300
.287
16.9
13 . 4
15.8
14 . 4
4607
312
155
13.7
1987
279
.251
16.9
13 .1
16 . 0
14 .3
4603
319
167
13.1
1988
255
.225
17 . 2
13.2
16 . 4
14 . 6
4708
322
168
13.2
1989
276
.216
17 . 0
12 . 9
16 . 3
14 . 3
4689
326
174
12 . 9
1990
226
. 179
17 .1
12 . 9
16 . 4
14 . 4
4692
332
186
12 . 2
1991
145
. 141
17 .1
12 . 7
16.5
14 . 3
4724
331
186
12 . 2
1992
178
.146
17.0
12 . 7
16.3
14 . 2
4769
332
196
11 . 8
1993
164
.114
17.5
12 . 8
16.9
14 . 6
4784
334
202
11 . 4
1994
191
.135
17.2
12 . 6
16 . 6
14 . 4
4777
331
207
11 . 2
1995
197
.119
17 . 4
12 . 7
16.7
14 . 5
4734
336
199
11 . 5
1996
113
. 080
17 . 2
12 . 4
16.6
14 . 3
4930
332
219
11.0
1997
130
.103
18 . 0
12 . 9
17 . 3
14 . 9
4965
322
228
10.7
1998
100
.067
17 . 9
12.7
17 . 3
14 .8
5109
322
231
10.8
1999
131
.090
17 . 8
12 . 5
17 .1
14 . 6
5101
322
233
10.7
2000
107
. 063
17 . 7
12 . 5
16 . 9
14 . 5
5027
322
237
10 . 5
2001
243
.197
17 . 6
12 . 3
16 . 9
14 . 4
5406
313
248
10 . 7
2002
64
.052
17.4
12 . 3
16.1
14 . 2
5080
321
241
10 . 4
2003
64
.052
18.3
12 . 9
16.7
14 . 8
5399
319
261
10 . 2
2004
40
.042
19.1
13 . 3
17 . 5
15 . 4
5446
307
259
10 . 4
2005
35
. 024
19.0
13 . 2
17 . 4
15 . 3
5366
303
256
10.4
2006
45
. 039
19.0
13 . 2
17 . 3
15.3
5257
295
248
10.5
2007
11
. 013
18 . 8
13.0
17 . 3
15.1
5682
325
295
9.6
2008
24
. 027
18 . 4
12 . 9
16 . 6
14 . 8
5791
325
301
9.6
Percent of Eight-Cylinder Vans:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
YEAR FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING
CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL
1975 25.5
1976 19.9
1977 13.6
1978 12.3
1979 6.1 6.3
1980 3.3 50.6
1981 .7 2.8 63.3
1982 1.4 54.9
1983 1.6 71.3 6.5
1984 2.2 64.4 2.0
1985 .1 .7 67.4 .1 .8
1986 .1 .4 85.7 25.5 .1 .6
1987 .2 62.6 24.4 42.5 .3
1988 .1 72.5 32.8 65.7 .5
1989 .1 84.1 31.5 68.1 .3
1990 93.5 28.8 70.8 .4
1991 98.0 31.7 67.8 .5
1992 94.5 53.9 45.7 .4
1993 .3 97.8 50.5 49.5
1994 94.1 65.7 34.3
1995 96.1 45.7 54.3
1996 94.2 100.0
1997 95.8 100.0
1998 100.0 100.0
1999 100.0 100.0
2000 100.0 100.0
2001 31.2 100.0 100.0
2002 100.0 100.0
2003 11.2 100.0 100.0
2004 10.8 100.0 100.0
2005 11.0 100.0 100.0
2006 8.8 100.0 100.0
2007 36.1 100.0 100.0
2008 24.7 100.0 100.0
E PA4 20-R-08-015 J-ll
TOP
HP/
HP/
TON
SPD
CID
WT
-MPG
117
.470
.0370
22 . 5
119
.470
. 0380
23 . 6
119
.471
. 0380
25 . 8
117
.460
. 0371
24 .8
113
.445
. 0328
25 . 6
113
.456
. 0330
29.4
112
.469
. 0328
31. 5
114
.486
.0340
31 . 3
113
.481
.0335
33 . 9
114
.487
.0341
32 . 2
115
. 501
.0348
30 . 9
114
.497
. 0338
33 . 2
118
. 521
. 0363
33.0
117
.520
. 0359
34 .4
119
.533
. 0374
33.8
123
.560
. 0400
33.8
123
.560
.0397
33 . 9
125
.590
.0416
34 . 0
127
. 606
.0425
34 . 9
128
. 626
.0437
34 . 3
126
. 594
. 0423
34 . 3
130
. 660
. 0447
35 . 3
132
.709
. 0460
37 .1
132
.720
. 0454
37 .8
133
.726
. 0458
37 . 3
134
.738
. 0473
36.6
134
.795
.0460
39 . 0
135
.753
.0476
36 . 2
138
.819
.0484
40 . 0
137
.843
.0476
42 . 0
137
. 844
. 0478
41 . 0
135
. 839
. 0472
40.1
144
. 908
. 0522
42 . 9
145
. 926
. 0521
42 . 8
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
September 2008
-------
Table J-12 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Other Cylinder SUVs
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB AD J ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
2002
0
.000
34 .1
35 .1
25.0
28 . 7
3500
122
148
11
4
121
1.213
. 0423
50 . 3
2003
0
.000
40 9
34 . 8
26.3
29 . 5
3500
122
148
11
4
121
1.213
. 0423
51 . 6
2004
1
.000
22.8
15 . 4
21.8
18 . 4
6000
300
310
9
7
145
1. 033
. 0517
55 . 3
2006
1
.000
21.7
14 . 8
20.0
17 . 4
6000
300
310
9
6
145
1. 033
. 0517
52 . 2
2007
0
.000
21.7
14 . 8
20.0
17 . 4
6000
300
310
7
2
145
1. 033
. 0517
52 . 2
2008
1
.000
21.7
14 . 8
20.0
17 . 4
6000
300
310
7
1
145
1. 033
. 0517
52 . 2
Percent of Other Cylinder SUVs:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID
2002 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
2003 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
2004 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
2006 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
2007 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
2008 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
J-12
September 2008
-------
Table J-13 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Four-Cylinder SUVs
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB AD J ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
6
.034
12.0
9 . 0
12.2
10 . 2
4000
257
110
15 7
104
.428
.0275
20 . 5
1979
14
.034
19.0
15 . 8
16.4
16 .1
3032
136
76
17 .1
99
. 600
. 0259
24 . 2
1980
19
.102
22 8
18 . 9
19.8
19 . 3
2893
137
81
15.8
101
. 624
. 0278
27 . 9
1981
13
.098
24 . 4
20.2
21 . 3
20.7
2941
145
81
15.7
101
.573
. 0276
30.5
1982
18
.110
24 . 0
20 6
19 8
20.3
2557
136
78
15.0
102
.589
. 0303
25 . 9
1983
23
. 080
23 . 7
20.2
19 9
20.0
2647
130
80
15.1
103
. 634
. 0303
26.6
1984
71
. 113
23 6
19.1
21 . 3
20.0
3118
139
89
15 . 6
102
. 644
. 0285
31. 3
1985
93
. 127
24 . 3
19 5
22.2
20 . 6
3325
139
94
15 . 7
103
. 680
.0282
34 . 4
1986
191
.248
25.2
20 . 0
23.1
21 . 3
3355
131
97
15 . 2
104
.745
.0291
35 . 8
1987
207
.237
25.2
20 . 0
22 . 9
21 . 3
3130
127
95
14 . 7
104
.755
.0303
33 . 2
1988
191
.197
25.0
19 9
22 5
21 . 0
3123
122
94
14 .8
104
. 773
. 0298
32 . 6
1989
123
.133
24 . 0
18 . 9
21 5
20.0
3226
131
103
14 .0
107
.790
. 0322
32 .3
1990
115
.162
25 . 0
19.7
22 .1
20.8
3100
124
99
14 .1
107
.808
. 0321
32 .3
1991
129
.118
24 . 0
19.1
20 . 6
19.8
3228
128
97
14 . 9
105
.775
. 0302
32 .1
1992
113
. 113
24 . 4
19.3
21 . 0
20.1
3035
125
101
13 . 8
108
.814
. 0333
30.8
1993
123
. 094
24 . 3
19.1
20 7
19 . 9
3058
126
103
13 . 7
108
.822
. 0337
30 . 7
1994
175
.108
24 . 9
19 3
21.5
20 . 4
3032
121
103
13 . 7
108
.848
.0339
31 . 0
1995
195
.108
24 . 9
19 1
21.4
20 . 2
3005
126
108
13 0
111
.869
.0362
30 . 6
1996
150
.080
27.5
20 . 6
24 .3
22 . 3
3028
115
111
12 . 7
112
. 974
.0368
33 . 8
1997
390
.159
25.8
19 1
22 7
20 . 9
3289
133
126
12 . 3
115
. 957
. 0385
34 . 4
1998
343
.133
26.3
19 3
23.2
21 . 2
3391
128
129
12.4
115
1 . 011
. 0382
36 .1
1999
353
.125
26.6
19 5
23 . 3
21.3
3443
129
138
11 . 9
118
1 . 075
. 0402
36 . 9
2000
354
.113
26 2
19.1
22 . 8
20 . 9
3467
127
137
12 0
118
1 .084
. 0397
36.5
2001
505
.146
26 4
19.1
22 . 9
21. 0
3461
132
144
11 6
120
1 .102
. 0418
36.6
2002
469
. 112
27 . 4
19.4
24 .1
21. 8
3477
137
150
11 . 2
122
1.102
. 0433
38 .1
2003
576
. 140
27 . 4
19.2
24 .3
21 . 8
3539
140
152
11 . 3
122
1. 085
.0431
38 . 6
2004
497
.105
27 . 6
19 2
24 .4
21 . 8
3562
145
158
11 . 0
124
1 .091
.0448
38 . 9
2005
525
.129
28.3
19 6
24 . 6
22 . 2
3551
143
157
10 . 9
124
1 .101
.0446
39 . 5
2006
537
.143
28.7
19 9
25.0
22 . 5
3629
142
157
11 . 0
123
1 .101
.0434
41 . 0
2007
734
.172
28 6
19 6
25.2
22 . 5
3743
142
170
10 8
126
1 .197
. 0453
42 . 2
2008
941
.194
29.2
20 2
25.3
22 . 8
3726
143
170
10.7
127
1 .192
. 0458
42 . 7
Percent of Four-Cylinder SUVs:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
1975
100 . 0
1979
32 . 5
32 . 5
1980
99 . 9
100 . 0
1981
100 . 0
98 . 0
1982
38 . 4
38 . 4
1983
41 . 0
44 . 3
1.3
1984
94 . 3
69 . 3
25.3
1985
91 . 2
69 . 4
29 . 6
20.7
12 .1
1. 3
1986
95 . 6
86 . 3
13.2
18 . 9
21 . 6
2 . 7
1987
96 . 8
85 . 0
7 . 7
18 .1
19.7
. 1
1988
97 . 8
83 . 3
12 . 8
40 .1
6.8
1989
95 . 6
72.5
27 . 5
42 .1
49.8
1990
90 . 9
83.1
15 . 9
36 . 0
61 .1
1991
60.2
63.3
36 . 4
36 . 0
62 . 6
1992
50. 9
67 . 2
32 . 8
42 . 8
54 . 5
1993
54 . 2
63.7
36 . 3
50.0
47 . 3
1994
1 . 3
56.0
60.5
25 .1
61 .2
38 . 8
89 . 9
10.1
1995
. 2
80.3
72 . 4
27 . 6
79.5
20 . 5
97 .3
2.7
1996
12 . 0
59.7
45.4
54 . 6
100.0
8.8
91 .2
1997
7 . 8
65. 6
43.1
51 .3
100.0
18.2
81.8
1998
13 . 7
69.6
33 . 2
66.8
100.0
10.4
89 . 6
1999
14 . 9
69 . 8
27 . 2
72.8
100.0
16 . 9
83.1
2000
13.5
66 . 2
21 . 7
78.3
100.0
21.2
78 . 8
2001
20.5
58 . 6
17 . 2
82.8
100.0
25.3
74 . 7
19 . 8
2002
31 .3
60 . 5
17 . 2
82.3 .5
100.0
13.5
86.5
54 . 4
2003
38 .0
60 .1
13 .1
79.8 7.0
100.0
8 . 3
91. 7
55 . 5
2004
38 .3
59 . 6
13 . 7
82.8 3.5
100.0
100.0
67 . 9
2005
44 .2
55 . 6
10 . 7
86.9 2.4
98 . 4
1. 6
100.0
58 .1
2006
46.5
53 . 5
8 . 0
88.2 3.8
98 . 7
1. 3
100.0
62 .3
2007
48 . 9
51 .1
3 . 8
CO
CJ1
OJ
o
VO
100.0
100.0
81 . 7
2008
49.5
50.5
4 . 4
63.7 31.9
5.7 94 .3
100.0
81 . 7
2 . 0
3 . 8
3.0
3.5
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
J-13
September 2008
-------
Table J-14 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Five-Cylinder SUVs
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB AD J ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
2003
4
.001
23.3
15 . 9
22.1
CO
X)
4885
154
207
11 . 4
127
1. 344
. 0425
46 .1
2004
55
.012
24 .0
16 3
22 . 6
19 . 3
4365
183
232
9 . 6
140
1.279
. 0540
42 . 0
2005
40
.010
23.2
15 . 8
21.4
18 . 6
4486
175
225
10 . 0
137
1.298
. 0511
41 . 6
2006
98
.026
20.7
14 . 6
18.3
16 . 5
4976
196
217
11 .1
129
1.123
. 0436
41 .1
2007
46
.011
19.4
13 . 5
17 . 6
15 . 6
5000
223
245
10 .1
137
1.099
.0490
38 . 9
2008
36
.007
19.4
13 . 5
17.5
15 . 5
5000
223
245
10 .1
137
1.099
.0490
38 . 9
Percent of Five-Cylinder SUVs:
MODEL
DRIVETRAIN
TRANSMISSION
FUEL
METERING
NUMBER OF
VALVES
YEAR
FRONT
4WD
MANUAL
LOCK
CVT
GDI
PORT TBI
DSL
TWO THREE
FOUR FIVE
WT
2003
9 . 3
90
7
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100.0
2004
17 . 3
82
7
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
49.6
2005
21 . 0
79
0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100.0
2006
10.2
89
8
3.0
97 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100.0
2007
100
0
3 . 6
96 . 4
100 . 0
100 . 0
100.0
2008
100
0
7 . 6
92 . 4
100 . 0
100 . 0
100.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
J-14
September 2008
-------
Table J-15
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Six-Cylinder SUVs
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB AD J ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
12
.062
17.8
14 . 7
15.5
15 .1
3152
237
95
14 . 7
1976
45
.184
15.7
12 . 7
14 . 3
13 . 4
3255
253
101
14 . 3
1977
49
.174
16.7
13 . 4
15.2
14 . 2
3323
253
105
14 .1
1978
60
.157
16 . 4
13.1
15 .1
13 . 9
3217
255
104
13.8
1979
63
.158
16 . 9
13 . 9
14 . 8
14 .3
3211
257
120
12 . 4
1980
54
.293
17 . 8
14 . 4
16 . 0
15.1
3590
258
100
15.5
1981
44
. 327
18 . 5
14 . 8
17 . 2
15.8
3564
266
113
14 . 0
1982
41
. 256
18 . 9
14 . 9
17 . 9
16 .1
3601
264
112
14 . 3
1983
150
.518
21.3
16 . 5
20.8
18 . 2
3728
206
112
14 . 8
1984
368
.589
21.3
16 . 6
20.5
18 .1
3677
188
108
15 .1
1985
444
. 604
21. 6
16 . 5
21. 5
18 . 4
3736
178
109
15.2
1986
388
. 501
20.8
16 .1
19.9
17 . 6
3670
182
126
13.4
1987
491
.562
21 . 3
16.2
20 . 8
18.0
3694
198
138
12 . 7
1988
582
. 602
21 .1
16.0
20 . 5
17 . 8
3681
211
147
12 . 0
1989
595
. 643
21 .1
16.0
20 .1
17 . 7
3770
231
155
11 . 7
1990
423
. 597
20 . 5
15.5
19 . 6
17 . 2
3813
219
154
11 . 9
1991
875
.799
20.4
15 . 2
19 . 6
17 .1
4067
233
163
11 . 9
1992
793
.791
19 . 9
14 . 8
19.1
16 . 6
4071
230
170
11 . 6
1993
950
.725
20.3
15 . 0
19.5
16 . 9
4083
234
181
11 . 0
1994
1152
.710
19 . 9
14 . 7
19.0
16 . 6
4185
230
180
11 . 3
1995
1242
. 684
19.8
14 . 5
18 . 8
16 . 4
4205
230
177
11.5
1996
1285
. 680
20 . 4
14 .7
19 . 5
16 . 9
4189
241
180
11. 3
1997
1331
. 543
20 . 3
14 .7
19 .1
16.7
4219
237
180
11. 3
1998
1499
. 581
20 . 6
14 . 8
19 . 4
16.9
4190
237
182
11 . 2
1999
1600
.565
20.8
14 . 9
19.2
16 . 9
4206
231
190
10 . 8
2000
1751
.557
20.8
14 . 8
19.2
16 . 9
4183
229
187
10 . 9
2001
2072
. 601
21. 3
15 .1
19.7
17 . 3
4178
219
200
10.4
2002
2611
. 623
20 . 9
14 . 7
19.4
16 . 9
4300
222
213
10 .1
2003
2228
.541
21. 5
14 . 9
19.9
17 . 3
4320
220
221
9 . 8
2004
2655
.563
21. 8
15 . 0
20.4
17 . 6
4344
223
224
9.8
2005
2458
. 602
22 .1
15.1
20 . 4
17 .7
4364
217
226
9.7
2006
2329
. 620
22 . 5
15.3
20 . 7
18 . 0
4409
218
226
9.7
2007
2438
. 570
23 . 0
15.7
21 .1
18 . 4
4395
218
235
9 . 4
2008
2940
. 604
23.4
15 . 9
21.7
18 . 7
4463
216
238
9 . 5
Percent of Six-Cylinder SUVs:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
1975
79.8
6 9.6
1976
73.8
75.9
1977
63.0
83.8
1978
70.2
84 .1
1979
92 . 9
86.0
. 3
1980
98 .0
83.0
3 . 9
1981
98 .2
78.4
21 . 6
1982
95 . 9
77 . 6
22 . 4
1983
86.7
51 .3
46 . 2
1984
86.1
33.3
43 .1
1985
82.1
30.1
68 . 6
1986
86.9
30.0
68 . 2
28 . 4
40
6
1987
82 1
28 6
69 . 2
45 . 2
46
9
1988
82 0
27 3
71 . 0
56.0
38
7
1989
82 2
24 . 6
71 . 9
51 . 6
42
4
1990
86.4
26 3
72.0
72 . 9
20
8
1991
79 6
17 . 9
81.3
66.1
33
9
1992
75 . 2
18 . 6
80 . 6
82 . 5
17
5
1993
63 . 3
13 . 9
85.3
99.4
6
1994
. 6
77 . 9
13 . 7
86.3
99.6
4
1995
77 . 9
10 6
89.4
100.0
1996
69 7
5 . 4
94 . 6
100.0
1997
71 . 2
8 . 8
91. 2
100.0
1998
69 3
6 . 4
93. 6
100 . 0
1999
1. 4
68 . 6
5 . 2
94 . 8
100 . 0
2000
1. 8
65 . 9
4 . 7
95.3
100 . 0
2001
18 . 0
57 . 4
2 . 9
97 .1
100.0
2002
9 . 5
64 .1
3.0
96 . 9
100.0
2003
11 . 4
65.3
2 . 0
95.5 2.5
100.0
2004
14 . 3
65.5
2 . 3
95.3 2.4
100.0
2005
18 . 6
65.3
1 . 9
95.1 2.9
100.0
2006
20 . 5
62 . 2
2 .1
91.1 6.8
100.0
2007
25 . 5
60.8
2 . 4
92.1 5.4
99.8
2008
27 . 3
59.6
1. 9
96.5 1.7
1.0 98.4
EPA420-
R-0 8-
015
J-15
1 . 2
8 . 0
.2
. 6
TOP
HP/
HP/
TON
SPD
CID
WT
-MPG
105
.399
.0307
23 . 6
106
.400
. 0318
22 .1
107
.413
. 0320
23 . 8
107
.407
. 0327
22.5
114
.466
. 0379
23.0
104
.393
. 0285
27 . 2
109
.428
. 0327
28 . 0
108
.426
.0318
29 .1
107
.563
.0305
34 . 2
106
.590
.0298
33 . 6
105
. 617
. 0293
34 . 6
112
. 701
. 0345
32 .4
116
.709
. 0377
33.4
119
.706
. 0402
32 . 9
121
. 680
. 0413
33. 6
120
.716
. 0408
32 . 9
121
.704
.0404
34 . 9
123
.743
.0424
34 . 0
127
.777
.0448
34 . 6
125
. 785
. 0434
34 . 8
124
. 777
. 0426
34 . 7
125
.751
. 0434
35.4
125
.770
. 0431
35.3
126
.778
. 0438
35.5
128
.837
.0454
35 . 6
128
.829
.0450
35 . 4
132
. 930
. 0481
36 . 2
135
. 972
.0497
36 . 5
137
1
. 012
. 0513
37 . 5
137
1
. 010
. 0516
38 .3
138
1
.047
. 0519
38 .7
137
1
. 041
. 0513
40.0
140
1
. 086
. 0537
40.6
141
1
.110
.0536
41 . 9
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID
83.2
6 . 0
10.7
77 . 6
22 . 4
86.5
13 . 5
79 . 2
20 . 8
80 . 5
2 . 6
16 . 9
70 . 6
2.2
27 . 2
5.7
74 . 3
2.0
23 . 6
5.1
57 . 6
1 . 5
41.0
16 . 7
43.8
1 . 2
55.1
28 . 4
34 .8
1 . 2
64 .0
42 . 4
37 .3
. 6
62 .1
40 . 8
30.3
. 6
69.1
48 . 8
26 . 6
1 . 7
71 .7
52 . 9
26.4
73 . 6
52 . 7
23 . 9
76.1
53 . 9
September 2008
-------
Table J-16 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Eight-Cylinder SUVs
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB AD J ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
169
. 905
12.8
10 . 5
11.4
10 . 9
4281
337
151
13 2
116
.445
.0363
23 .1
1976
199
.816
13.4
10 8
12 2
11 . 4
4551
354
149
14 . 0
113
.421
. 0334
25 . 8
1977
234
.826
14 . 8
11 . 9
13.4
12 . 5
4423
348
152
13.5
115
.435
. 0348
27 . 7
1978
321
.843
14 .1
11.3
12 . 9
12.0
4465
354
157
13.1
116
.442
. 0356
26.7
1979
323
.808
11 . 8
9.8
10 . 3
10.0
4825
353
151
14 . 7
111
.426
. 0314
24 .2
1980
112
. 605
13 . 9
11 1
12 . 8
11. 8
4776
339
154
14 .1
112
.453
. 0323
28 . 4
1981
78
. 575
15 2
12 1
14 .1
12 . 9
4790
329
150
14 . 5
111
.459
. 0314
31. 2
1982
103
. 634
16 4
13 . 0
15.4
14 . 0
4961
333
145
15 . 3
109
.441
.0296
36 . 3
1983
116
.401
16.2
12 . 8
15.4
13 . 8
4962
339
148
15 1
110
.442
.0301
35 . 6
1984
186
.298
15.4
12 .1
14 .5
13 .1
4971
336
156
14 . 5
112
.467
.0315
33 . 5
1985
198
.269
15 6
12 . 2
14 . 9
13 . 3
4977
335
162
14 .1
114
.486
. 0327
33 . 7
1986
194
.251
16.2
12 . 5
15.6
13 . 8
4981
330
159
14 .3
113
.484
. 0321
34 . 8
1987
175
.200
15.9
12 . 3
15 . 2
13.5
5090
336
181
13.3
118
. 537
. 0355
34 .8
1988
194
.201
16 1
12.3
15 . 3
13 . 6
5115
338
183
13.2
118
.541
. 0357
35.1
1989
208
.224
16 0
12.2
15 4
13.5
5196
336
186
13.2
119
.551
. 0357
35.5
1990
170
. 241
16 2
12 1
15 9
13.6
5257
338
192
12 . 9
120
.569
. 0367
36.1
1991
91
. 083
16 2
12 1
15.8
13 . 6
5293
339
199
12 . 6
122
. 589
.0377
36 . 3
1992
96
.096
15 9
11 . 7
15.5
13 . 3
5428
340
201
12 . 7
121
.591
.0371
36 . 2
1993
237
.181
16 9
12 . 4
16.5
14 .1
5019
334
209
11 . 5
128
. 629
.0429
35 . 3
1994
295
.182
17.0
12 . 5
16.2
14 .1
5003
334
209
11 . 5
128
. 629
.0431
35 . 2
1995
378
.208
17 0
12 . 4
16.2
14 .1
5066
334
206
11.7
126
. 621
. 0417
35 . 5
1996
454
.241
17 5
12 . 6
16.8
14 .5
4965
328
225
10.8
132
. 687
. 0458
35 . 9
1997
729
.298
17 . 6
12.7
16 9
14 . 6
5084
323
228
10.9
131
.707
. 0452
37 .1
1998
738
.286
17 . 3
12.3
16 6
14 . 3
5086
320
225
11 0
131
.707
. 0447
36.3
1999
877
. 310
17 . 4
12 3
16 8
14 . 4
5138
319
236
10 . 7
133
.744
.0463
36.9
2000
1037
. 330
17 . 6
12 5
16.7
14 . 5
5262
311
243
10 . 6
134
.783
.0464
38 . 0
2001
873
.253
17 .7
12 . 6
16.4
14 . 4
5380
310
255
10 4
136
.824
.0476
38 . 8
2002
1110
.265
18.0
12 . 6
17 0
14 . 7
5436
311
271
10 0
140
.871
.0500
40 . 0
2003
1309
.318
18.0
12 . 6
16.8
14 . 7
5576
311
266
10 4
138
.859
.0480
40 . 9
2004
1505
.319
18 1
12 . 6
16.8
14 . 7
5507
314
278
10.0
141
. 885
. 0507
40 . 3
2005
1062
.260
18 5
12 . 7
17 2
14 . 9
5573
315
288
9.7
143
. 917
. 0518
41 . 6
2006
793
.211
18 . 6
12.8
17 . 4
15.0
5521
309
293
9.6
145
. 952
. 0533
41.5
2007
1056
.247
19 5
13.2
18 . 5
15.8
5722
320
312
9.4
148
. 975
.0546
45.4
2008
946
.195
19 4
13.2
18 . 5
15.7
5709
320
326
9 . 0
152
1. 019
. 0572
45.1
Percent of Eight-Cylinder SUVs:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID
1975
87.5
37 .3
1976
88.0
24 .4
1977
86.7
25.8
1978
91 . 9
25.1
1979
66.3
23.1
. 6
1980
82.4
14 . 9
41 . 4
1981
84 .3
9 . 9
59 . 3
1982
79 . 9
8 . 9
57 . 5
24 .1
1983
80.8
4 .7
67 . 6
16 . 7
1984
79.4
6.4
49 . 3
7 . 8
1985
71 .7
3.3
55 . 5
4 . 5
4 . 8
1986
75.2
3 . 6
72 . 9
o
o
C\]
3 . 4
1987
73 . 9
2 . 9
69 . 9
16 7
53.7
1 . 9
1988
74 . 9
2 . 6
70 . 9
29 0
60.1
1 . 5
1989
76.0
3.0
73 . 6
32 . 9
60.0
1 .1
1990
73.0
2 . 0
86 . 9
32 . 8
62 .1
1.2
1991
70.6
1. 4
89 . 7
30.1
64 . 0
1.8
1992
73.8
1. 3
98 .2
30.7
69 . 3
1993
47 . 3
. 9
99.1
49.4
50 . 6
1994
81 .1
1 . 4
98 . 6
48 6
51 . 4
100
0
1995
82 . 9
1 . 2
CO
CO
0^
41.7
58 . 3
100
0
1996
78 . 6
. 8
99.2
9 9.9
.1
100
0
1997
75 . 5
. 1
9 9.9
100.0
. 0
100
0
1998
75 .1
100.0
100.0
. 0
100
0
1999
58 . 7
100.0
100.0
95
2
1 . 9
2 . 9
2000
69 . 6
100.0
100.0
94
8
5.2
.5
2001
67 . 2
100.0
100.0
84
6
1 .1
14 . 2
2.2
2002
64 . 4
100.0
100.0
87
8
1.2
11 . 0
. 9
2003
61 . 0
100.0
100.0
81
0
.7
18 . 3
2.8
2004
65 . 6
100.0
100.0
71
3
. 3
27 . 2
1 . 2
14 . 9
2005
67 . 3
100.0
100.0
64
9
11 . 5
22 . 9
. 7
29 . 6
2006
70 . 6
100.0
100.0
48
7
20 1
30 . 7
.5
49.9
2007
62 . 6
100.0
100.0
72
7
9.5
17 . 8
29.5
2008
65 . 6
. 2
98 . 9
1 . 0
CJ1
X)
CO
CJ1
59
8
6 . 6
33 . 7
39.3
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
J-16
September 2008
-------
Table J-17
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Other Cylinder Pickups
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB AD J ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
2004
3
.001
13.0
8 . 6
13 . 6
10 . 8
5135
505
500
5 . 9
206
. 990
. 0975
27 . 8
2005
5
.002
12.3
8 . 4
12.1
10 . 2
5825
505
500
6 . 5
195
. 990
.0860
29 . 7
2006
2
.001
12.3
8 . 4
12.1
10 . 2
5833
505
500
6 . 5
195
. 990
.0859
29 . 6
Percent of Other Cylinder Pickups:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4 WD MANUAL LOCK
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
2004
2005
2006
100.0
35.0 65.0
33.4 66.6
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
J-17
September 2008
-------
Table J-18 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Two-Cylinder Pickups
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB AD J ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
3
.002
15.5
11 . 7
15 . 9
13 . 2
3000
80
135
10 . 7
122
1. 688
. 0450
19 . 9
1976
4
.002
16.4
12 . 4
16.8
14 .1
3000
80
135
10 . 7
122
1. 688
.0450
21 .1
1977
2
.001
19.3
14 . 7
19.4
16 . 5
3000
80
135
10 . 7
122
1. 688
.0450
24 . 8
Percent of Two-Cylinder Pickups:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID
1975
1976
1977
68 .2
81.1
85.1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
J-18
September 2008
-------
Table J-19 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Four-Cylinder Pickups
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB AD J ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
214
.159
22.2
17 . 2
21 . 6
19 . 0
2817
116
88
14 . 7
105
.750
.0314
26 . 8
1976
224
.120
23.7
18 . 4
23.1
20 . 2
2826
117
89
14 . 6
105
. 757
. 0318
28 . 7
1977
304
.150
26.4
20 6
25.3
22 . 5
2819
122
91
14 .2
106
. 748
. 0324
32 . 0
1978
339
.150
26 3
21.0
24 . 3
22.4
2844
120
88
14 .7
104
.731
. 0310
32 .1
1979
459
.208
23 . 4
18.4
22 .1
19 . 9
2832
123
84
14 . 9
103
.692
. 0300
28.7
1980
550
. 383
24 . 6
19.6
22 . 8
20.9
2818
124
87
14 . 5
104
.705
. 0311
29.9
1981
497
.346
27 . 7
22 1
25 7
23.6
2841
130
85
15 .1
103
. 652
. 0298
34 .1
1982
485
. 337
27.8
22 .1
25.7
23 . 6
2885
133
87
14 . 9
104
. 657
.0304
34 . 6
1983
707
.434
27 . 6
22 . 0
25 6
23 . 5
2921
135
88
14 . 8
104
. 651
.0303
34 . 7
1984
795
.389
27.2
21 . 7
25.2
23 .1
2973
134
89
14 . 9
104
. 661
.0300
34 . 7
1985
819
.394
27.4
21 . 9
25.3
23 . 3
3034
141
97
14 . 0
107
. 693
. 0322
35 . 5
1986
1256
.496
27 0
21 . 3
25.1
22 . 9
3054
139
97
14 .2
106
. 696
. 0318
35 .1
1987
1064
.496
27 .1
21.1
25 . 3
22 . 9
3050
140
96
14 .2
106
. 686
. 0316
35.0
1988
913
. 371
27 .1
21.1
25 .1
22.8
3070
142
97
14 . 2
106
. 685
. 0317
35.2
1989
773
. 347
26 8
20.8
24 . 7
22 . 5
3084
143
102
13.7
108
.710
. 0331
34 . 8
1990
554
. 302
27 .1
20.9
24 . 8
22 . 6
3096
144
110
13 . 0
111
.765
. 0356
35.1
1991
632
.329
27.3
20 . 9
25.0
22 . 7
3119
145
108
13 . 2
110
.749
.0349
35 . 5
1992
471
.256
27.1
20 . 5
24 .8
22 . 4
3194
143
110
13 3
110
.767
.0347
35 . 9
1993
478
.239
27 3
20 5
24 . 9
22 . 5
3210
143
112
13 . 2
111
.782
.0351
36 . 2
1994
706
.265
27.3
20 . 4
24 . 9
22 . 4
3333
141
113
13 4
110
.799
.0342
37 . 4
1995
653
.288
26.8
19 8
24 . 4
21 . 9
3425
147
124
12.8
113
. 848
. 0365
37 . 8
1996
556
.284
27 0
19 7
24 . 9
22.1
3420
142
124
12.8
113
. 871
. 0366
38 .0
1997
465
.193
27 . 5
20.0
24 . 9
22.3
3457
140
120
13.2
111
.853
.0349
38 .8
1998
615
.255
27 . 0
19.5
24 . 6
21. 9
3462
145
127
12 7
114
.877
. 0370
38 .1
1999
392
. 154
26 5
19.0
24 .1
21. 4
3451
147
127
12 . 7
114
.867
. 0371
37 . 2
2000
437
.167
26 0
18 5
23 6
21 . 0
3466
145
127
12 . 7
114
.879
. 0368
36 . 5
2001
277
.110
25.8
18 . 4
23.0
20 . 6
3501
145
132
12 . 5
115
. 906
.0378
36 . 3
2002
166
.070
26.3
18 . 8
23.0
20 . 9
3525
149
143
11 . 7
119
. 958
.0407
37 .1
2003
289
.117
26.3
18 . 3
23.7
21 . 0
3527
142
133
12 . 5
115
. 933
.0377
37 .1
2004
155
.062
26.2
18 . 3
23.1
20 . 7
3542
152
147
11 . 5
120
. 972
. 0418
36 . 8
2005
126
. 055
26.0
17 . 7
23.6
20 . 7
3740
159
162
11.1
124
1 . 017
. 0434
38 . 7
2006
165
. 075
25.8
17 . 6
23 . 6
20 . 6
3749
160
162
11.2
123
1 . 012
. 0434
38 . 6
2007
136
.065
25 . 6
17.5
23 . 2
20.3
3716
162
164
11 0
125
1 .015
. 0444
38 .1
2008
124
. 059
27 .1
18 . 6
24 .1
21. 4
3722
161
164
11 0
124
1 .019
. 0442
39.8
Percent of Four-Cylinder Pickups:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID
1975
83
5
1976
81
4
1977
82
3
1978
6 9
88
1
1979
20 . 5
88
1
1980
4 . 8
20 . 2
89
9
2.7
1981
6.7
23 . 0
93
1
1.8
1982
6. 6
23 . 4
90
8
2 . 3
.7
1983
4 . 3
18 9
86
3
1 . 4
.2
1984
1 . 5
20 . 6
88
9
2 . 5
2 . 5
1985
22.4
84
6
8 . 8
18 . 3
10.7
1986
19.8
85
9
7 . 9
14 . 3
22 . 6
1987
17.3
84
5
7 . 9
11 . 7
26.8
1988
15.2
84
9
9 . 3
27 . 3
29.7
1989
15.3
84
9
10 . 6
34 . 5
36 . 6
1990
13.1
84
9
12 . 9
69.5
10 . 5
1991
12 . 4
85
3
12.0
67 .3
23 . 0
1992
13 8
86
8
10.1
77 . 6
9 . 8
1993
14 8
86
8
9 . 9
87.0
4 . 2
1994
12 2
85
2
11.2
96.7
. 4
1995
15 3
79
9
17.0
97 . 3
2 . 7
1996
9 8
76
6
18 . 6
100.0
1997
5 9
78
0
22 . 0
100.0
1998
11 1
6 6
9
27 .1
100.0
1999
10 . 5
57
4
36.5
100 . 0
2000
7 9
48
0
47 . 2
100 . 0
2001
8 7
48
5
43 . 8
100 . 0
2002
12.5
47
9
39 . 6
100 . 0
2003
10.6
38
8
53 . 6
100.0
2004
12 4
42
3
42.4
100.0
2005
17 6
43
0
57 .0
100.0
2006
15 0
37
9
62 .1
100.0
2007
8 5
34
5
65.5
100.0
2008
8 4
45
4
54 . 6
100.0
2 . 0
16 . 3
15 . 4
5 . 7
4 . 2
1 . 7
. 7
99
8
. 2
82
3
17 . 7
64
8
15 9
19.3
71
4
28 .1
. 5
64
4
35 . 6
65
4
34 . 6
65
0
35 . 0
46
0
54 . 0
1
9 9.9
46
3
53.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
12 . 5
68 . 4
79.7
100 . 0
100 . 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
J-19
September 2008
-------
Table J-20 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Five-Cylinder Pickups
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB AD J ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
2004
95
.038
23 . 9
16 . 4
22.0
19 .1
4076
211
215
9 . 5
138
1. 019
. 0530
39 . 0
2005
131
.057
23.2
15 . 8
21.5
18 . 6
4141
211
215
9 . 6
137
1. 019
. 0521
38 . 5
2006
78
.036
23.5
16 . 0
21.7
18 . 8
4162
211
215
9 . 7
137
1. 019
. 0519
39 .1
2007
49
.023
21.3
14 . 4
20.0
17 . 2
4160
223
207
10 . 0
134
. 931
.0497
35 . 7
2008
77
.036
22 . 6
15 . 3
21.3
18 . 2
4155
223
190
10 . 7
129
.852
. 0459
37 . 8
Percent of Five-Cylinder Pickups:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
43 . 9
51 .2
51 . 9
48 . 9
41 . 6
2.9 97 .1
2.4 97 . 6
2.1 97 . 9
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100 . 0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
J-20
September 2008
-------
Table J-21 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Six-Cylinder Pickups
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB AD J ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
144
.107
17.1
13 . 7
Ln
CO
14 . 6
4020
270
103
17 . 0
101
. 384
.0256
29 . 5
1976
272
.146
18 9
15 1
17 4
16 . 0
4007
267
103
16 9
101
. 389
. 0257
32 . 3
1977
254
.125
19.0
15 3
17 3
16 . 2
4044
271
109
16.2
103
.405
. 0272
32 . 9
1978
346
.153
18 . 5
14 . 9
16 8
15.7
4054
274
116
15.5
106
.428
. 0287
32 .1
1979
355
.161
17 . 5
14 .3
15 . 6
14 .8
4173
266
122
15.1
107
.464
. 0294
31 .3
1980
387
.269
19 1
15.2
17 . 7
16.3
4027
271
121
14 . 8
107
.451
. 0300
32 . 9
1981
472
. 328
20 1
16.0
18 . 7
17 .1
3934
274
120
14 . 6
108
.444
. 0306
33. 9
1982
480
. 333
21.7
17 .1
20.5
18 . 5
3578
236
113
14 . 2
108
. 502
.0321
33 . 2
1983
484
.297
21 . 6
16 9
20.7
18 . 4
3653
228
112
14 . 6
107
. 516
.0310
33 . 7
1984
687
.336
21.0
16 4
20.1
17 . 9
3676
227
110
14 . 8
106
. 510
.0304
33 . 0
1985
591
.284
21.7
16 9
20.8
18 . 5
3588
227
117
14 . 0
109
. 535
. 0327
33 .1
1986
600
.237
21 1
16 5
19.9
17 . 9
3705
228
129
13.3
113
. 604
. 0354
33 .1
1987
631
.294
21 4
16 5
20 . 4
18.1
3647
222
136
12.5
116
. 638
. 0378
33.0
1988
746
. 304
21 . 4
16.4
20 . 5
18.1
3695
229
142
12 2
117
. 644
. 0388
33.4
1989
732
. 328
20 . 9
16.0
19 8
17 . 6
3869
239
145
12 5
117
. 627
. 0378
34 .1
1990
593
. 323
21 . 0
15.9
20 1
17 . 7
3959
240
147
12 . 5
117
. 637
. 0376
35.0
1991
769
.400
21 . 9
16.3
21.0
18 . 3
3807
236
147
12 . 2
118
. 641
.0390
34 . 8
1992
792
.430
21.2
15 . 7
20.4
17 . 7
3950
242
146
12 . 6
117
. 622
.0375
35 . 0
1993
916
.458
21.3
15 . 7
20.4
17 . 7
3944
239
150
12 . 4
118
. 645
.0384
35 . 0
1994
1057
.396
21.3
15 . 6
20.3
17 . 7
3983
245
161
11 . 8
121
. 675
.0410
35 . 2
1995
679
.299
20.8
15 1
19.9
17 . 2
4122
256
161
12.1
120
. 645
. 0396
35 . 4
1996
628
. 321
21 0
15 3
19.9
17.3
4104
249
168
11.7
122
. 688
. 0412
35.7
1997
674
.280
21 . 5
15.4
20 . 3
17 . 6
4100
247
185
10.8
128
.753
. 0453
36.2
1998
729
. 302
21 . 3
15.2
19 9
17 . 4
4064
238
180
11 0
126
.760
. 0443
35.4
1999
794
. 312
20 9
14 . 9
19 4
17 . 0
4045
230
174
11 . 3
124
.763
. 0430
34 . 4
2000
921
. 353
20 9
14 . 9
19 3
17 . 0
4080
228
175
11 . 3
125
.774
. 0430
34 . 7
2001
854
.339
20.7
14 . 7
19.0
16 . 8
4127
232
184
11 . 0
127
.798
.0447
34 . 6
2002
842
.354
20 6
14 . 6
18.7
16 . 6
4192
232
186
11 . 0
127
.806
.0444
34 . 8
2003
852
.344
20 9
14 . 7
18 . 9
16 . 8
4251
233
187
11 .1
127
.807
.0441
35 . 7
2004
595
.238
20.8
14 . 5
18 9
16 . 7
4256
227
192
10 8
128
.849
.0452
35 . 6
2005
529
.230
21 1
14 . 5
19.2
16 . 9
4398
239
215
10.3
134
. 901
.0492
37 .1
2006
595
.272
21 4
14 . 8
19 5
17.1
4450
237
221
10.1
135
. 937
. 0499
38 .1
2007
515
.245
21 . 4
14 .8
19 4
17.1
4526
238
219
10.3
134
. 924
. 0487
38 .7
2008
427
.202
21 . 4
14 .7
19 5
17 .1
4537
236
216
10.5
133
. 919
. 0479
38 . 9
Percent of Six-Cylinder Pickups:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID
1975
3
3
16
3
1976
5
3
35
3
1977
10
8
29
6
1978
11
4
30
9
. 3
1979
11
7
61
4
2
4
. 8
1980
12
6
65
4
19
5
. 2
1981
10
2
61
1
21
9
1982
8
9
56
6
30
2
1983
23
5
53
0
32
1
1984
25
8
49
8
30
5
1985
26
8
52
4
33
5
1
1
1986
30
7
53
0
30
9
23
3
26
8
1987
33
1
46
1
45
7
50
4
31
2
1988
34
3
49
8
42
0
53
9
46
1
1989
33
6
51
5
43
8
52
7
47
3
1990
30
0
46
3
50
3
62
2
37
8
1991
25
8
51
7
48
3
43
6
56
4
1992
23
2
48
6
51
4
56
4
43
6
1993
24
2
45
3
54
7
58
5
41
5
1994
27
0
39
0
61
0
71
1
28
9
94
6 5
. 4
1995
28
1
42
7
57
3
69
6
30
4
98
6
1
4
1996
27
2
33
5
6 6
5
100
0
89
9
10
1
1997
21
5
27
8
72
2
100
0
95
8
4
2
1998
28
7
28
0
72
0
100
0
92
9
7
1
1999
33
0
23
9
76
1
100
0
92
4
7
6
2000
31
4
21
7
78
3
100
0
93
0
7
0
2001
28
2
16
4
83
6
100
0
88
4
11
6
2002
32
5
15
1
84
9
100
0
80
2
19
8
2003
30
5
15
0
85
0
100
0
86
1
13
9
2004
34
0
15
6
84
4
100
0
82
1
17
9
2005
30
2
12
4
87
6
100
0
65
9
34
1
2006
36
5
10
8
89
2
100
0
49
6
50
4
2007
34
9
8
3
91
7
100
0
55
3
44
7
2008
38
4
10
8
89
2
100
0
58
9
41
1
34 .1
50.4
38 .0
20.4
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
J-21
September 2008
-------
Table J-22 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Eight-Cylinder Pickups
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB AD J ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
982
.732
12 . 6
o
o
11.8
CO
o
4274
353
158
12 . 7
118
.446
.0373
23 . 3
1976
1367
.732
13.2
10 6
12 0
11 . 2
4360
359
155
13.1
116
.430
. 0358
24 . 6
1977
1466
.723
14 . 4
11 . 7
12 . 9
12.2
4366
360
164
12 . 6
119
.457
. 0378
26 . 9
1978
1582
. 698
14 . 0
11.5
12 . 5
11 . 9
4386
353
162
12 7
118
.460
. 0373
26.4
1979
1392
. 631
13 6
11 3
12 .1
11. 6
4566
346
156
13.8
115
.449
. 0344
27 . 0
1980
500
. 348
15 9
12 8
14 . 6
13.6
4532
331
150
13 . 9
113
.453
. 0333
31. 3
1981
470
. 326
17.4
13 . 8
16.1
14 . 8
4311
312
143
13 . 8
113
.461
.0334
32 . 2
1982
476
.331
17.8
14 . 2
16.5
15 .1
4437
317
150
13 7
114
.475
.0341
34 . 4
1983
437
.269
17 2
13 6
16.1
14 . 7
4430
317
152
13 . 5
114
.483
.0346
33 . 3
1984
561
.275
16 9
13 . 3
15 9
14 . 4
4463
316
154
13 4
115
.489
.0347
32 . 6
1985
668
.321
16.7
13 2
15.6
14 . 2
4437
315
159
13 0
117
. 506
. 0361
31 . 9
1986
675
.267
17 4
13 6
16.3
14 . 7
4424
311
157
13.1
116
. 503
. 0356
32 . 8
1987
451
.210
17 0
13.2
15 . 9
14 .3
4482
320
169
12 . 6
119
.527
. 0379
32 .3
1988
800
. 325
17 . 5
13.4
16 7
14 .8
4537
329
180
12 1
122
.544
. 0397
33 . 6
1989
726
. 326
17 . 5
13.3
16 8
14 . 7
4502
330
184
11 9
124
. 556
. 0411
33.3
1990
687
. 375
17 . 3
13.0
16 8
14 . 5
4572
335
189
11 . 8
124
.561
. 0414
33.4
1991
519
. 271
17 . 3
12 . 9
16.8
14 . 5
4542
331
190
11 . 6
125
. 573
.0420
33 . 0
1992
577
.313
17.4
12 . 9
17.0
14 . 6
4652
330
190
11 . 9
124
. 573
.0410
34 . 0
1993
608
.304
17 .7
13 . 0
17.2
14 . 8
4691
331
200
11 . 3
127
. 606
.0429
34 . 8
1994
906
.339
17 . 6
12 . 9
16 9
14 . 7
4706
334
205
11 .1
128
. 615
.0437
34 . 5
1995
939
.414
17 3
12 . 6
16.6
14 . 4
4751
333
201
11.4
127
. 606
. 0425
34 . 2
1996
771
.394
17 7
12 . 8
17 0
14 . 6
4815
332
226
10.5
133
. 680
. 0470
35.3
1997
1269
. 527
18 . 3
13.1
17 . 6
15.1
4933
318
228
10.6
133
.721
. 0465
37 .3
1998
1071
.443
18 . 0
12 8
17 . 3
14 . 8
4902
323
232
10.4
134
.723
. 0477
36.4
1999
1359
. 534
18 .1
12 9
17 .1
14 . 9
5043
324
245
10 . 2
137
.758
.0490
37 . 5
2000
1255
.480
18.8
13 . 4
17.5
15 . 3
4836
313
249
9 . 7
140
.798
.0517
37 .1
2001
1388
.551
18.2
12 . 9
17 0
14 . 8
5022
316
252
9 . 9
139
.801
. 0503
37 . 4
2002
1373
. 577
18 3
12 . 9
16.9
14 . 8
5137
310
261
9 . 8
140
.843
.0511
38 . 2
2003
1333
.539
18.5
13 . 0
16.9
14 . 9
5133
311
265
9 . 7
141
.854
.0518
38 . 3
2004
1658
. 661
18 5
13 0
16.9
14 . 9
5364
317
280
9.7
143
. 881
. 0524
40 .1
2005
1509
. 656
18 . 7
12 . 9
17 . 2
15.1
5370
316
286
9.5
145
. 906
. 0536
40.5
2006
1349
. 617
19 0
13.1
17 . 3
15.2
5390
314
284
9.6
144
. 904
. 0529
41.1
2007
1405
. 667
19 3
13.3
17 . 9
15.6
5489
318
298
9 . 4
147
. 935
. 0544
42 . 8
2008
1487
. 703
19 4
13 . 3
18.0
15 . 7
5594
321
317
9 . 2
150
. 982
.0566
43 . 9
Percent of Eight-Cylinder Pickups:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID
1975
CO
o
35.4
1976
27.5
32 . 4
1977
27 .7
27 3
1978
34 .7
27 9
1 . 6
1979
10.2
18 . 6
1 . 5
3 . 7
1980
28.5
19.5
47 . 9
9 . 6
1981
17.0
16.8
62 . 2
4 . 5
1982
20.7
13.7
56.5
15 . 4
1983
25 . 6
11.5
66 . 5
7 .1
1984
29.1
12 8
65 . 7
3 . 9
1985
27 . 8
10.3
64 . 4
13 1
1 . 8
1986
30.2
11 9
72 . 0
32 . 2
1 . 0
1987
. 1
34 1
14 . 4
54 . 8
30 . 0
45.3
. 6
1988
. 0
38 1
13.4
69 . 4
27.4
71 . 4
. 6
1989
38 8
18 8
72.1
29.3
70 . 2
.5
1990
38 0
14 . 0
79.1
30.2
69 . 3
.5
1991
38 5
12 . 7
85.3
30.8
68 . 7
. 6
1992
40 . 7
12 . 5
87 . 4
44 2
55 . 4
. 4
1993
. 0
43 . 0
8 .1
91. 9
45.1
54 . 9
1994
45 . 4
6 .1
93. 9
46.3
53 . 7
100.0
1995
48 . 9
9 . 4
90. 6
50.1
49.9
100.0
1996
45 . 0
5 . 3
94 . 7
99.5
. 5
100 . 0
1997
52 2
4 . 6
95.4
9 9.9
. 1
100 . 0
1998
52 6
4 .1
95. 9
9 9.9
. 1
100 . 0
1999
62 5
2 . 4
97 . 6
100.0
. 0
100 . 0
2000
54 1
2 . 0
98 . 0
100 . 0
90 . 8
9 . 2
2001
51 2
2 . 0
98 . 0
100.0
94 .7
5.3
2002
52 0
1. 5
98 . 5
100.0
93.4
6 . 6
2003
51 5
1. 2
98 .8
100.0
93 . 6
6.4
2004
54 1
. 6
99.4
100.0
72.8
21 . 6
5 . 6
21 . 6
. 0
2005
54 7
. 4
99 . 6
100.0
66.7
21 . 4
11. 9
33 . 3
. 1
2006
53 4
. 4
99 . 6
100.0
60. 6
24 .1
15.2
39 . 4
. 2
2007
52 4
. 4
99 . 6
100.0
67 . 4
17 . 5
15.1
31 .4
. 0
2008
55 4
. 8
99.2
100.0
62 .1
18 . 8
19.1
37 .5
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
J-22
September 2008
-------
Light-Duty Automotive Technology and
Appendix K
Data Stratified by Vehicle Type,
Engine Type and Valves Per Cylinder
This technical report does not necessarily represent final EPA decisions or
positions. It is intended to present technical analysis of issues using data
that are currently available. The purpose in the release of such reports is to
facilitate the exchange of technical information and to inform the public of
technical developments.
Fuel Economy Trends
1975 Through 2008
~
#
Compliance and Innovative Strategies Division
and
Transportation and Climate Division
Offce of T ransportation and Air Quality
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
NOTICE
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
EPA420-R-08-015
September 2008
-------
Table K-l
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Carbureted Cars
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
<
FRAC LAB
55/45
FUEL ECONOMY >
AD J
CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
WGHT
LB
VOL
CU-FT
ENGINE
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
CU-FT CU-FT-
-MPG TON-MPG
1986
3805
0
345
29.8
22 . 8
29.1
25.3
2871
105
7
160
96
14 0
107
0
658
0. 0330
36. 6
2755
3872
1987
2871
0
268
30. 6
23.5
29.3
25. 9
2802
102
9
148
92
14 3
106
0
688
0.0322
36. 4
2731
3756
1988
1747
0
163
32 . 5
25. 0
30.5
27 . 3
2725
101
7
131
88
14 3
105
0
746
0.0319
37 . 2
2846
3803
1989
973
0
097
33.2
25. 4
31. 0
27 . 8
2703
100
0
118
87
14 1
105
0
799
0.0322
37 . 4
2817
3768
1990
121
0
014
31. 2
23. 6
29.4
26.1
2966
106
0
148
96
14 0
106
0
765
0.0326
38 . 0
2762
4111
1991
3
0
000
39.2
30. 4
34 . 3
32 . 2
2078
88
1
73
64
14 4
101
0
877
0.0308
33. 6
2857
2966
1992
1
0
000
41. 0
31. 6
35.7
33.5
2087
88
6
73
6 6
14 1
102
0
904
0.0317
34 . 9
2970
3095
2006
1
0
000
16.4
11. 0
16.2
13.5
3595
55
8
271
484
4 . 6
239
1
792
0.1351
24 . 2
746
1369
Percent of Carbureted Cars:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
1986
6 6
7
2
0
34 .1
50
0
1987
72
6
2
7
37 . 3
51
7
1988
82
0
1
0
43.8
51
9
1989
89
9
0
1
41. 2
53
4
1990
73
0
0
0
40.6
59
4
1991
100
0
0
0
100. 0
0
0
1992
100
0
0
0
100. 0
0
0
2006
0
0
0
0
17 . 5
82
5
Table K-2
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 TBI 2 Valve Cars
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
< FUEL ECONOMY
FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ
55/45
CITY
HWY
>
ADJ
COMP
WGHT VOL
LB CU-FT
ENGINE
CID HP
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON CU-FT CU-FT-
-MPG -MPG TON-MPG
1986
3132
0
284
28 . 5
21. 7
27 . 9
24 . 2
2999
108
8
158
98
14 1
107
0
637
0.0326
36.3
2649
3954
1987
3274
0
305
29.3
22 . 2
28 7
24 . 8
2920
107
4
147
97
13. 9
107
0
671
0.0330
36.3
2683
3901
1988
3027
0
282
30.7
23.2
29.7
25. 9
2840
107
0
141
97
13.7
108
0
709
0.0339
36. 9
2795
3945
1989
2345
0
234
29.7
22 .1
29.2
25. 0
2954
107
9
157
105
13. 4
110
0
6 9 9
0.0351
37 .1
2737
3999
1990
1477
0
168
30.5
22 . 6
29.8
25.5
2925
105
5
145
101
13.5
109
0
717
0.0344
37 . 4
2725
3949
1991
1446
0
170
29.5
21. 5
29.2
24 . 6
3032
106
8
164
108
13.3
110
0
698
0.0352
37 . 4
2669
4011
1992
688
0
085
29.5
21. 6
28 6
24 . 6
3099
109
6
180
111
13.5
110
0
682
0.0349
38 . 0
2770
4200
1993
579
0
069
30. 6
22 . 3
29.4
25. 4
3037
110
0
166
104
13.7
108
0
690
0.0336
38 . 5
2864
4257
1994
431
0
051
34 . 2
25.1
31. 6
28 . 0
2622
100
4
118
84
14 3
104
0
741
0.0318
37 . 2
2916
3722
1995
109
0
012
38 . 9
28 8
34 . 4
31. 4
2365
102
6
93
73
14 6
102
0
831
0.0308
37 . 9
3374
3881
1996
86
0
011
42 . 5
31. 4
36.7
33. 9
2144
99
9
86
65
14 7
101
0
778
0.0306
37 . 0
3486
3701
1997
67
0
008
40.3
29.6
34 . 8
32 .1
2201
90
5
75
67
14 8
101
0
889
0.0304
35. 9
2970
3247
1998
11
0
001
53. 6
38 .1
46.1
41. 9
2000
89
7
60
55
15.7
97
0
917
0.0275
41. 9
3761
3761
1999
8
0
001
50.3
35. 4
43.5
39.3
2000
88
0
61
55
15.7
97
0
902
0.0275
39.3
3458
3458
2000
5
0
001
50. 8
35. 8
43.0
39.3
2000
88
0
61
55
15.7
97
0
902
0.0275
39.3
3461
3461
Percent of TBI 2 Valve Cars:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
1986
CO
CJI
0
0
i—1
o
o
6 6
2
1987
92 . 7
0
2
14 9
59
1
1988
95. 4
1
3
19. 9
69
1
1989
91 . 6
0
8
14 3
75
2
1990
93.1
1
0
14 0
76
4
1991
80.8
1
0
15.3
81
5
1992
70.1
0
0
19.5
72
1
1993
77 . 7
1
1
24 8
69
7
1994
100. 0
0
0
30.3
58
0
1995
100. 0
0
0
CO
25
4
1996
100. 0
0
0
42 . 9
0
0
1997
100. 0
0
0
26.3
0
0
1998
100. 0
0
0
100. 0
0
0
1999
100. 0
0
0
100. 0
0
0
2000
0.0
0
0
100. 0
0
0
E PA4 20-R-08-015
K-l
September 2008
-------
Table K-3
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 TBI 3 Valve Cars
MODEL
SALES
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
VOL
ENGINE
0-60
TOP
HP/
HP/
TON
CU-FT
YEAR
(000)
FRAC
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CU-FT
CID
HP
TIME
SPD
CID
WT
-MPG
-MPG
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1989
246
0. 025
34 . 5
26.5
32 . 0
28 . 9
2508
101. 0
98
90
12 . 9
109
0. 918
0. 0359
36.3
2925
1991
72
0. 008
34 . 9
26.1
32 . 8
29.0
2602
91. 9
97
95
12 . 7
110
0. 979
0. 0366
37 . 8
2681
1992
60
0. 007
34 . 2
25. 4
32 . 0
28 . 3
2750
91. 9
97
95
13.3
108
0. 979
0.0345
39.2
2620
1993
41
0. 005
35.3
26.2
32 . 5
29.0
2596
91. 9
97
90
13.2
108
0. 928
0.0347
37 . 7
2676
CU-FT-
TON-MPG
3667
3475
3602
3464
Percent of TBI 3 Valve Cars:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
1989
1991
1992
1993
9 9.6
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
0.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
53. 4
59.5
47 . 4
61. 5
0.0
0.0
0.0
Table K-4
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 TBI 4 Valve Cars
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
FRAC LAB
55/45
FUEL ECONOMY
ADJ ADJ
CITY HWY
>
ADJ
COMP
WGHT VOL
LB CU-FT
ENGINE
CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON CU-FT CU-FT-
-MPG -MPG TON-MPG
1988
194
0
018
38 .1
29. 9
34 . 6
31. 9
2379
94 . 5
91
71
15. 0
101
0.775
0
0298
38
1
3029
3604
1989
199
0
020
36.2
28 0
32 . 9
30.2
2434
95. 8
91
92
12 . 3
111
1 . 012
0
0381
36
9
2908
3538
1990
382
0
043
36.5
28 0
33.1
30.3
2513
97 . 7
94
91
12 . 7
109
0. 971
0
0363
38
1
2964
3724
1991
344
0
040
35.5
27 . 3
31. 8
29.3
2589
95. 8
93
97
12 . 5
111
1. 041
0
0375
38
1
2827
3649
1992
95
0
012
31. 7
24 0
28 9
26.1
2744
93. 9
98
106
12 . 3
113
1 . 076
0
0386
35
9
2459
3373
1993
93
0
011
31.1
23.2
28 7
25. 6
2856
102 . 6
106
120
11. 6
117
1.121
0
0417
36
8
2656
3775
Percent of TBI 4 Valve Cars:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
1988
100
0
0
0
57 .1
42 . 9
1989
99
8
0
0
53. 9
46.1
1990
100
0
0
0
59.2
40.8
1991
100
0
0
0
45.5
54 . 5
1992
100
0
0
0
16.3
83.7
1993
99
9
0
0
30.7
65.7
E PA4 20-R-08-015
K-2
September 2008
-------
Table K-5 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Port 2 Valve Fixed Timing Cars
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPD CID WT
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1986
3698
0.336
25. 6
19
2
25. 9
21. 8
3271
109.2
187
136
11
7
119
0
768
0
0414
1987
3815
0.356
25.2
18
8
25.7
21. 5
3307
110. 4
192
139
11
6
120
0
762
0
0418
1988
4713
0.439
26.0
19
2
26.4
22 . 0
3319
111. 0
193
136
11
9
118
0
736
0
0409
1989
4804
0.480
26.1
19
1
26.4
22 . 0
3321
112 . 2
190
135
12
0
118
0
739
0
0406
1990
4388
0. 498
25. 9
18
8
26.4
21. 8
3407
112 . 9
194
139
12
0
118
0
739
0
0405
1991
4162
0.488
26.3
19
0
26.6
22 .1
3351
112 . 7
190
143
11
6
120
0
768
0
0423
1992
4574
0.564
26.4
18
8
26. 9
22 .1
3372
113. 0
193
147
11
4
122
0
111
0
0432
1993
4773
0.564
27 . 2
19
3
27 . 4
22 . 7
3306
112 . 3
188
141
11
6
120
0
766
0
0423
1994
4533
0.539
26.8
18
9
27 .1
22 . 3
3389
112 . 8
195
147
11
5
121
0
766
0
0428
1995
4377
0. 466
27 . 0
18
8
27 . 5
22 . 5
3402
113. 8
198
158
11
0
125
0
804
0
0457
1996
3273
0. 415
27 . 0
18
8
27 . 3
22 . 4
3426
112 . 7
196
159
10
9
125
0
822
0
0460
1997
3374
0. 405
27 . 4
19
0
27 . 5
22 . 6
3383
113.2
191
159
10
8
126
0
840
0
0463
1998
3052
0.383
27 . 1
18
6
27 . 2
22 . 3
3391
111. 9
194
164
10
6
127
0
848
0
0478
1999
2943
0.351
27 . 1
18
5
26. 9
22 . 2
3412
111. 6
195
163
10
7
127
0
843
0
0472
2000
3157
0.346
27 . 3
18
6
27 . 0
22 . 3
344 9
112 . 2
194
168
10
6
128
0
868
0
0481
2001
2694
0.320
27 . 6
18
6
27 . 1
22 . 4
3452
112 . 3
195
170
10
4
129
0
875
0
0487
2002
2466
0.297
28 . 2
18
9
27 . 3
22 . 8
3428
111. 9
196
171
10
3
130
0
883
0
04 95
2003
2044
0.257
27 . 1
18
1
26.6
22 . 0
3625
113.7
208
184
10
0
132
0
893
0
0505
2004
1670
0.221
26. 9
17
7
26.4
21. 8
3648
114 . 3
219
194
9
7
135
0
891
0
0531
2005
1621
0.202
27 . 1
17
8
26.3
21. 8
3712
116.3
222
201
9
7
137
0
918
0
0537
2006
1297
0.162
26.4
17
3
25. 9
21. 3
3806
116. 6
238
221
9
2
142
0
931
0
0576
2007
693
0. 086
25. 4
16
7
24 9
20.6
3806
112 . 9
239
219
9
5
142
0
922
0
0569
2008
462
0. 054
24 . 5
16
0
24 6
20.0
4009
114 . 0
267
240
8
9
147
0
897
0
0606
Percent of Port 2 Valve Fixed Timing Cars:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
1986
62
8
1
1
23
1
62 . 5
1987
65
3
0
9
20
1
67 . 4
1988
69
9
0
5
15
8
71. 2
1989
74
3
0
8
13
0
73.5
1990
80
0
0
2
10
1
79.1
1991
82
0
0
1
10
3
80.3
1992
83
3
0
7
8
1
83.7
1993
84
1
0
2
9
8
83.5
1994
78
6
0
7
8
8
86. 9
1995
78
9
0
1
10
0
89. 9
1996
78
4
0
5
9
9
90.1
1997
81
8
0
4
9
8
90.2
1998
84
0
0
1
9
0
90. 8
1999
83
1
0
0
8
8
91. 2
2000
81
7
0
0
9
8
90.1
2001
83
6
0
0
8
2
91.1
2002
85
3
0
0
8
4
1—1
CJI
2003
80
4
1
4
5
4
94 . 6
2004
77
0
0
0
5
9
94 .1
2005
76
4
0
4
4
4
95. 6
2006
70
2
0
9
3
9
96.1
2007
57
5
0
6
7
0
93. 0
2008
48
8
0
0
5
9
94 .1
TON
CU-FT
CU-FT-
-MPG
-MPG
TON-MP(
35.7
2411
3928
35. 6
2396
3953
3 6.6
2463
4084
36. 6
24 90
4123
37 . 2
2486
4218
37 .1
2521
4193
37 . 3
2518
4235
37 . 5
2573
4234
37 . 8
2540
4283
38 . 3
2588
4363
38 . 4
2542
4337
38 . 3
2578
4335
37 . 8
2513
4243
37 . 9
24 91
4234
38 . 5
2519
4334
38 . 8
2535
4365
39.1
2568
4387
39. 9
2524
4558
39.8
2506
4572
40.5
2553
4733
40.7
2509
4771
39.1
2341
4 4 47
40.1
2289
4618
E PA4 20-R-08-015
K-3
September 2008
-------
Table K-6 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Port 3 Valve Fixed Timing Cars
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPD CID WT
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1986
169
0
015
32 . 2
25.1
30. 4
27 . 3
2626
92 .1
112
105
11
8
114
0. 943
0
0401
1987
185
0
017
32 . 4
24 9
30. 9
27 . 3
2654
92 . 7
114
106
11
8
114
0. 939
0
0401
1988
282
0
026
28 . 9
21. 9
27 . 9
24 . 4
3051
107 . 6
131
122
11
9
116
0. 942
0
0400
1989
567
0
057
28 . 4
21. 3
27 . 5
23. 9
3019
102 . 4
132
121
11
9
116
0. 920
0
0401
1990
386
0
044
29.0
21. 7
28 0
24 . 3
2915
99.9
131
119
11
8
116
0. 915
0
0408
1991
451
0
053
31. 5
23. 6
29.5
26.2
2710
102 . 2
113
103
12
4
112
0. 921
0
0379
1992
299
0
037
31. 7
23.7
29.6
26.3
2667
100. 6
114
104
12
2
113
0. 923
0
0387
1993
211
0
025
35.2
26.4
31. 8
28 . 8
2451
96. 8
92
92
12
5
110
0. 988
0
0373
1994
155
0
018
36. 0
27 . 0
31. 9
29.2
2392
96.3
89
85
13
0
108
0. 955
0
0356
1995
102
0
011
37 .1
26. 9
34 . 2
30.2
2475
9 9.6
90
91
12
7
109
1. 004
0
0368
1996
74
0
009
36. 4
26.1
33.5
29.5
2478
100.7
91
91
12
7
109
1. 002
0
0367
1997
83
0
010
35.3
25. 0
33. 0
28 . 6
2641
100.7
102
105
12
2
113
1. 025
0
0391
1998
119
0
015
31. 8
22 . 2
30.2
25. 8
3116
104 . 6
138
150
11
1
124
1. 058
0
0459
1999
175
0
021
30.1
20. 9
28 8
24 . 5
3246
99.5
155
166
10
7
128
1. 052
0
0486
2000
162
0
018
29.0
20.0
27 . 8
23. 6
3403
105. 4
162
173
10
8
129
1. 054
0
0484
2001
174
0
021
26.1
17 . 8
25. 0
21. 2
3731
103. 0
205
219
9
2
142
1. 067
0
0571
2002
168
0
020
25.5
17 . 4
24 2
20.6
3727
103. 0
199
213
9
5
140
1. 071
0
0557
2003
186
0
023
23. 8
16.2
22 . 8
19.3
3971
98 . 3
233
255
8
4
151
1.098
0
0636
2004
127
0
017
23.5
15. 8
22 . 4
19.0
4037
101. 5
233
254
8
7
150
1. 088
0
0624
2005
105
0
013
23. 9
16.0
22 . 8
19.3
4031
100.1
234
253
8
7
150
1.079
0
0622
2006
61
0
008
21. 2
14 1
20.7
17 . 2
4261
106.7
299
320
7
3
169
1. 065
0
0756
2007
36
0
004
20.4
13. 6
19. 9
16.6
4362
100.2
292
306
8
1
162
1. 024
0
0697
2008
25
0
003
21. 4
14 2
20.8
17 . 4
3956
79.4
281
296
8
0
163
1. 019
0
0724
Percent of Port 3 Valve Fixed Timing Cars:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
1986
100
0
0
0
65. 9
34 .1
1987
100
0
0
0
53.1
46. 9
1988
89
8
0
0
39.2
60. 8
1989
84
2
0
0
41 0
59.0
1990
81
9
1
3
42 1
50. 6
1991
97
9
1
4
38 . 7
59.5
1992
99
9
0
1
43. 9
56. 0
1993
99
0
1
0
55. 9
30.7
1994
100
0
0
0
50. 0
28 . 8
1995
100
0
0
0
35. 8
35.7
1996
100
0
0
0
32 .1
38 . 3
1997
85
9
0
0
33.3
66.7
1998
55
0
0
0
18 . 3
81. 7
1999
46
9
0
0
14 . 0
86.0
2000
45
0
0
0
13.5
86.5
2001
15
8
5
9
13.2
86.8
2002
15
1
5
5
12 . 3
87 . 7
2003
0
0
3
2
0.3
99.7
2004
0
0
22
1
0.1
9 9.9
2005
0
0
28
6
0.0
100. 0
2006
0
0
13
0
2 . 7
97 . 3
2007
0
0
24
3
37 . 7
62 . 3
2008
0
0
0
0
56.5
43.5
TON
CU-FT
CU-FT-
-MPG
-MPG
TON-MP(
35. 8
2500
3304
36.3
2519
3369
37 . 3
2633
4010
36.2
2458
3710
35. 6
2453
3564
35. 6
2702
3640
35.2
2682
3543
35.5
2827
3443
35.2
2843
3392
37 . 4
3015
3727
36. 6
2975
3684
37 . 9
2928
3814
39. 9
2745
4193
39.4
2511
3937
39.8
2534
4214
39.4
2222
4078
38 . 3
2162
3960
38 . 5
1925
3819
38 . 5
1952
3942
39.0
1944
3920
36. 8
1840
3971
36.1
1609
3709
34 . 6
1348
2723
E PA4 20-R-08-015
K-4
September 2008
-------
Table K-7 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Port 4 Valve Fixed Timing Cars
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPD CID WT
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1986
176
0. 016
27
8
21. 4
26. 9
23. 6
3032
89.0
125
144
10.6
124
1
150
0
0470
1987
560
0. 052
29
7
22 . 7
28 6
25.1
3067
98 . 9
125
130
11. 5
119
1
046
0
0423
1988
772
0. 072
28
9
21. 9
28 0
24 . 4
3085
98 . 2
131
137
11.1
121
1
046
0
0441
1989
879
0. 088
28
6
21. 5
27 . 7
24 . 0
3082
99.4
132
139
11. 0
122
1
054
0
044 9
1990
1998
0.227
28
9
21. 7
27 . 5
24 .1
3021
98 . 5
125
134
11. 2
121
1
068
0
0440
1991
1826
0.214
28
7
21. 4
27 . 2
23. 9
3040
98 .1
129
138
10. 9
122
1
076
0
0451
1992
2015
0.249
29
0
21. 3
27 . 8
24 .1
3103
101. 5
129
138
11.1
122
1
069
0
0443
1993
2357
0.279
28
9
21. 0
27 . 9
24 . 0
3140
103.7
138
142
11. 0
122
1
035
0
0448
1994
2620
0.311
28
6
20.6
27 . 7
23.7
3170
104 . 7
143
147
10. 9
124
1
037
0
0456
1995
3879
0. 413
29
2
20.8
28 4
24 .1
3146
105.1
141
148
10.7
125
1
060
0
0466
1996
3528
0.447
28
8
20.3
28 1
23.7
3206
107 . 5
147
152
10.7
125
1
046
0
0469
1997
3856
0. 463
28
9
20.2
28 2
23.7
3205
107 . 1
146
153
10.7
126
1
052
0
0471
1998
3276
0. 411
29
4
20.4
28 5
24 . 0
3241
108 . 0
145
153
10.7
125
1
065
0
0467
1999
3736
0.446
28
8
19.8
27 . 9
23. 4
3344
109.3
150
162
10.5
127
1
083
0
0480
2000
3539
0.388
28
2
19.4
27 . 2
22 . 9
3365
110.1
152
165
10.5
128
1
083
0
0484
2001
2954
0.351
28
0
19.1
26. 9
22 . 7
3419
110.7
154
164
10.6
127
1
067
0
0476
2002
2624
0.316
27
6
18 8
26.2
22 . 3
3408
109.7
158
173
10.2
131
1
103
0
0502
2003
2206
0 . 277
28
6
19.4
26. 9
23. 0
3353
108 . 3
153
165
10.4
129
1
089
0
0488
2004
2229
0.296
28
6
19.1
27 . 0
22 . 9
3410
111. 5
156
174
10.1
131
1
121
0
0506
2005
2062
0.257
28
5
19.0
26.7
22 . 7
3476
113.1
157
179
9. 9
132
1
142
0
0510
2006
1736
0.217
28
2
18 8
26.4
22 . 5
3549
115. 9
161
187
9.8
134
1
167
0
0521
2007
2028
0.253
29
6
19.6
27 . 7
23. 6
3457
112 . 5
155
181
9. 9
133
1
171
0
0516
2008
2407
0.282
29
0
19.3
27 . 2
23.1
3532
112 . 4
168
194
9.6
136
1
165
0
0538
Percent of Port 4 Valve Fixed Timing Cars:
MODEL
DRIVETRAIN
TRANSMISSION
YEAR
FRONT
4 WD
MANUAL
LOCK
1986
56
6
0.0
72 2
23.1
1987
83
4
0.0
43. 9
54 .1
1988
91
5
1 2
35.2
63.5
1989
85
4
4 5
30.5
6 6.9
1990
89
1
2 8
32 .1
67 . 2
1991
83
0
5.1
35. 8
62 . 6
1992
78
6
2 8
30.5
CO
CO
1993
89
8
3.5
25.7
73.3
1994
92
0
0.2
23.1
75.2
1995
84
4
2 6
20.5
77 . 7
1996
93
6
2 8
15. 8
82 . 8
1997
93
6
3.2
13. 9
86.1
1998
93
4
4 2
11. 7
87 . 6
1999
94
8
3.5
9.2
89.6
2000
92
0
3.2
7 . 4
CO
2001
93
9
3.7
8 . 4
89. 9
2002
90
6
5.7
10.4
88 . 9
2003
88
0
5.2
13.7
85.5
2004
89
9
7 1
10.4
87 . 8
2005
79
2
11 0
9.2
87 . 7
2006
76
1
9.6
9.1
87 . 3
2007
83
0
10.0
8 . 9
89.8
2008
72
5
13. 4
9.2
88 . 6
TON
CU-FT
CU-FT-
-MPG
-MPG
TON-MP(
36.1
2112
3189
38 . 8
2536
3849
37 . 9
2430
3728
37 . 2
2419
3702
36. 6
2399
3609
36. 4
2369
3582
37 . 5
2485
3819
37 . 8
2527
3921
37 . 6
2514
3942
38 . 0
2561
3991
38 . 0
2571
4091
38 . 0
2563
4085
39.0
2617
4212
39.2
2580
4295
38 . 6
2539
4254
38 . 9
2528
4315
37 . 9
2459
4170
38 . 5
2504
4180
39.0
2566
4364
39.4
2579
4485
39. 9
2607
4638
40.8
2680
4601
40. 9
2631
4611
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
K-5
September 2008
-------
Table K-8
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Port 5 Valve Fixed Timing Cars
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1997
8
0
001
28 . 0
19.3
28 2
23.1
3341
101. 6
109
150
10
8
124
1 . 376
0
0451
38 . 6
2347
3916
1998
33
0
004
29.0
19.8
28 9
23. 8
3463
109.8
109
150
11
1
122
1 . 376
0
0434
41. 3
2620
4539
1999
73
0
009
28 . 6
19.4
28 6
23. 4
3471
112 . 5
109
150
11
1
122
1 . 376
0
0433
40.7
2644
4590
2000
111
0
012
28 .1
19.4
26.8
22 . 8
3374
104 . 4
116
166
10
2
129
1.416
0
04 90
38 . 5
2397
4035
2001
182
0
022
27 . 6
19.0
26.3
22 . 4
3409
101.1
117
175
9
8
132
1.490
0
0512
38 . 2
2278
3859
2002
201
0
024
27 . 5
18 6
26.5
22 . 3
3582
102 . 7
122
186
9
7
134
1. 552
0
0519
40.0
2323
4120
2003
212
0
027
28 . 2
19.0
26.8
22 . 7
3581
107 . 0
120
182
9
8
132
1. 539
0
0510
40.6
2435
434 9
2004
160
0
021
27 . 8
18 5
26.4
22 . 3
3660
106.5
121
184
10
0
132
1. 534
0
0502
40.8
2383
4351
2005
64
0
008
28 . 3
18 8
26.8
22 . 6
3636
103. 6
112
175
10
2
129
1. 561
0
0483
41. 2
2346
4263
2006
6
0
001
29.7
19. 9
27 . 4
23. 6
3840
87 . 9
109
174
10
8
127
1.596
0
0460
45.4
2083
4001
2007
2
0
000
20.3
13. 4
20.2
16.6
4134
100. 6
254
344
6
6
179
1. 354
0
0835
34 . 4
1672
3457
2008
2
0
000
20.2
13. 4
20.1
16.6
4165
100. 9
254
344
6
7
178
1. 354
0
0829
34 . 5
1671
3469
Percent of Port 5 Valve Fixed Timing Cars:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
1997
31. 8
68 . 2
CO
65.1
1998
76.8
23.2
49.1
50. 9
1999
80.3
19.7
33. 6
66. 4
2000
12. 5
27 . 5
48.7
51. 3
2001
64 . 2
35. 8
56.5
43.5
2002
68 . 7
31. 3
31. 0
65.3
2003
74.4
25. 6
30. 0
62 . 7
2004
64 . 5
35.5
24 . 8
67 .1
2005
71.1
28 . 9
23.5
64 . 4
2006
95.5
4 . 3
11.1
10.2
2007
0.0
97 . 5
50.7
49.3
2008
0.0
100. 0
56.5
43.5
Table K-9
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Port 2 Valve Variable Timing Cars
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
CU-FT CU-FT-
-MPG TON-MPG
1992
5
0
001
18 . 2
13.3
i—1
CO
o
15.3
4500
50. 0
303
322
7
4
165
1. 063
0
0716
34 . 4
765
1721
1993
0
0
000
17 . 9
12 . 9
18 1
15.1
4000
82 . 3
329
345
6
4
181
1.049
0
0862
30.2
1242
2484
1994
0
0
000
16.6
11. 0
19.8
14 . 2
4500
90. 8
340
377
6
6
182
1.109
0
0838
32 . 0
1290
2902
1995
8
0
001
22 . 2
15.5
23. 0
18 . 6
3581
57 . 7
229
275
7
1
165
1.209
0
0768
33.2
1061
1930
1996
8
0
001
21. 0
14 6
21. 5
17 . 5
3646
68 . 2
236
296
6
8
172
1.276
0
0816
32 . 2
1193
2225
1997
7
0
001
21. 3
14 7
21. 8
17 . 7
3597
65.1
230
292
6
8
171
1.282
0
0816
32 . 0
1152
2105
1998
3
0
000
21. 4
14 8
21. 6
17 . 7
3806
78.3
253
286
7
2
165
1.152
0
0754
33. 6
1362
2676
1999
3
0
000
22 . 0
15. 0
22 . 7
18 . 3
4153
118 . 0
266
304
7
3
165
1.149
0
0735
37 . 9
2168
4476
2001
38
0
005
25. 6
17 . 4
24 9
20.8
3455
101. 8
173
177
9
7
132
1. 023
0
0512
36. 0
2124
3659
2005
71
0
009
36.3
24 7
31. 2
28 .1
3000
116. 6
110
131
11
1
120
1.188
0
0435
42 .1
3274
4911
2006
158
0
020
28 . 3
18 9
26.6
22 . 6
3605
116.2
202
212
9
3
142
1. 062
0
0580
40. 9
2692
4780
2007
513
0
064
28 . 5
18 6
27 . 6
22 . 9
3836
117 .1
212
205
9
5
137
0. 973
0
0535
43. 9
2691
5150
2008
425
0
050
27 . 6
17 . 7
27 . 9
22 . 4
3961
117 . 8
223
223
9
1
142
0.999
0
0564
44.4
2645
5239
Percent of Port 2 Valve Variable Timing Cars:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
1992
0
0
0
0
o
o
o
o
1993
0
0
0
0
51. 5
48.5
1994
0
0
0
0
100. 0
0.0
1995
0
0
0
0
7 9.7
7 . 2
1996
0
0
34
9
14 . 3
14 . 6
1997
0
0
29
3
78.1
9.7
1998
0
0
11
7
59.3
30. 6
1999
0
0
84
7
0.0
100. 0
2001
98
1
0
0
46.2
53. 8
2005
100
0
0
0
8 . 5
91. 5
2006
93
4
3
2
7 . 3
92 . 7
2007
100
0
0
0
0. 9
99.4
2008
96
8
0
0
0.0
100. 0
E PA4 20-R-08-015
K-6
September 2008
-------
Table K-10
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Port 3 Valve Variable Timing Cars
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
CU-FT CU-FT-
-MPG TON-MPG
2005
54
0. 007
22 . 8
15.2
22 . 0
i—1
CD
(jn
3969
96. 4
283
310
7 . 0
170
1.090
0.0781
36.7
1788
3542
2006
86
0. 011
22 . 4
15. 0
21. 5
18 . 1
4269
108 . 6
270
299
7 . 7
163
1.113
0.0713
38 . 6
1962
4287
2007
45
0. 006
23.2
15.3
22 . 7
1—1
CO
CO
3763
98 . 0
280
301
6.8
171
1 . 074
0.0803
35. 4
1843
3464
2008
52
0. 006
22 . 7
15.1
22 .1
1—1
CO
4024
96.1
282
310
7 . 1
169
1.094
0.0768
37 . 0
1770
3559
Percent of Port 3 Valve Variable Timing Cars:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
2005
2006
2007
2008
0.0 0.0
0.0 17.2
0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0
54.8 45.2
35.1 64.9
71.0 29.0
60.8 39.2
Table K-ll
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
FRAC LAB
55/45
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Port 4 Valve Variable Timing Cars
FUEL ECONOMY
ADJ ADJ
CITY HWY
>
ADJ
COMP
WGHT VOL
LB CU-FT
ENGINE
CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON CU-FT CU-FT-
-MPG -MPG TON-MPG
1990
54
0. 006
23. 0
17 .1
22
6
19.3
4000
111. 9
249
252
8 . 3
151
1. 013
0
0630
38 . 7
2165
4330
1991
208
0. 024
30.2
22 . 2
29
4
25.2
3141
99.7
145
157
10.5
127
1.104
0
0482
40.0
2614
3979
1992
366
0. 045
28 . 5
20.8
27
7
23.7
3256
99.7
150
167
10.2
129
1.133
0
04 98
39.1
2471
3888
1993
402
0. 047
29.2
21. 2
28
1
24 . 2
3213
96. 8
140
161
10.3
128
1.168
0
0487
39.0
2401
3772
1994
675
0. 080
30.2
21. 8
29
0
24 . 9
3216
98 . 8
132
150
10.8
124
1.154
0
0459
40.2
2509
3980
1995
914
0. 097
29.7
21. 2
28
5
24 . 4
3275
102 . 3
142
159
10.4
127
1.135
0
047 9
40.1
2535
4105
1996
912
0.116
29.8
21. 2
28
7
24 . 5
3222
103.3
141
155
10.5
126
1.113
0
0474
39.6
2562
4089
1997
933
0.112
29.2
20.6
28
1
23. 9
3294
101. 2
149
167
10.2
130
1.137
0
04 98
39.6
2469
4012
1998
1423
0.179
29.5
20.6
28
3
24 .1
3283
103.7
146
163
10.3
129
1.122
0
04 91
39.6
2529
4119
1999
1360
0.162
28 . 8
20.0
27
6
23. 4
3318
104 . 5
150
171
10.0
131
1.135
0
0508
39.0
2480
4090
2000
2070
0.227
29.3
20.2
27
9
23.7
3253
105. 6
147
172
9.8
132
1.171
0
0523
38 . 7
2542
4100
2001
2265
0.269
30. 6
21. 0
28
6
24 . 6
3203
104 . 9
142
166
10.0
131
1 .167
0
0511
39.8
2651
4180
2002
2748
0.331
30.3
20.6
28
3
24 . 3
3308
108 .1
148
172
10.0
132
1.162
0
0514
40.3
2669
4374
2003
3186
0. 401
30. 6
20.6
28
7
24 . 5
3296
107 . 8
148
176
9.8
133
1.180
0
0527
40.5
2686
4384
2004
3223
0.428
30.2
20.2
28
3
24 .1
3371
108 . 2
151
181
9.8
134
1.191
0
0529
40.8
2658
4429
2005
3815
0.475
30. 8
20.5
28
6
24 . 4
3344
109.0
149
177
9. 9
133
1.184
0
0520
41. 0
2713
4485
2006
4459
0.558
30.5
20.2
28
4
24 . 2
3433
108 . 5
154
188
9.6
135
1. 211
0
0538
41. 7
2671
4539
2007
4428
0.552
31.1
20.6
28
9
24 . 7
3452
108 . 2
156
190
9.6
136
1. 210
0
0541
42 . 7
2720
4640
2008
4568
0.535
31. 4
20.8
29
2
24 . 9
3458
108 . 7
156
192
9.5
137
1. 220
0
0545
43.2
2757
4716
Percent of Port 4 Valve Variable Timing Cars:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
1990
0
0
0
0
0
0
100
0
1991
64
9
0
0
29
0
71
0
1992
60
4
0
0
31
0
64
8
1993
67
3
0
0
30
0
65
9
1994
80
6
0
0
28
4
69
1
1995
83
2
0
0
23
0
74
4
1996
87
0
0
0
23
7
76
1
1997
74
8
0
0
21
3
77
9
1998
83
6
0
1
17
4
82
2
1999
83
1
0
2
17
1
82
3
2000
82
6
0
8
16
1
83
6
2001
79
9
2
1
14
0
85
0
2002
84
7
2
9
12
6
87
2
2003
83
2
2
7
11
9
88
1
2004
80
5
4
5
11
6
88
3
2005
84
2
4
1
10
9
89
1
2006
78
6
5
4
10
7
89
0
2007
81
1
5
2
9
5
79
6
2008
82
3
5
8
11
7
76
1
E PA4 20-R-08-015
K-7
September 2008
-------
Table K-12
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Port 5 Valve Variable Timing Cars
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
< FUEL ECONOMY >
FRAC LAB
55/45
AD J
CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
WGHT VOL
LB CU-FT
ENGINE
CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON CU-FT CU-FT-
-MPG -MPG TON-MPG
1995
0
0
000
13.7
9.5
14 5
11
5
4000
50. 0
213
375
6.1
191
1. 761
0.0937
23.1
577
1153
1996
0
0
000
13. 8
9.5
14 7
11
6
3500
50. 0
213
375
5.5
203
1. 761
0.1071
20.4
582
1018
1997
1
0
000
13. 8
9.5
14 7
11
6
3500
50. 0
213
375
5.5
203
1 . 761
0.1071
20.3
581
1017
1998
38
0
005
24 . 2
16.3
25.2
20
1
3701
108 .1
169
196
9.5
136
1.156
0.0533
37 . 3
2186
4051
1999
67
0
008
24 .1
16.1
25. 4
20
0
3689
111. 4
170
197
9.5
136
1.156
0.0535
37 .1
2251
4158
2000
56
0
006
23. 8
16.3
23.7
19
6
3736
119.3
178
211
9.1
140
1.180
0.0565
36. 6
2351
4377
2001
75
0
009
23.7
16.0
23. 4
19
4
3767
115.1
177
211
9.2
140
1.188
0.0561
36. 6
2243
4230
2002
38
0
005
25. 0
16. 9
24 4
20
4
3787
115.1
177
213
9.2
141
1.197
0.0564
38 . 8
2371
44 94
2003
39
0
005
24 . 8
16.6
24 1
20
1
3975
115.5
178
219
9.5
140
1. 218
0. 0550
40.3
2357
4688
2004
36
0
005
22 . 9
15.3
22 . 2
18
6
4159
110. 6
213
275
8 . 3
156
1. 275
0.0662
39.2
2113
4415
2005
30
0
004
23. 6
15.7
22 . 7
19
0
4124
109. 9
209
273
8 . 2
155
1. 310
0.0657
39.5
2132
4366
2006
14
0
002
23.1
15. 4
22 .1
18
7
4310
104 . 9
237
309
7 . 6
164
1. 300
0.0715
40.3
1956
4247
Percent of Port 5 Valve Variable Timing Cars:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
1995
0
0
0
0
100. 0
0
0
1996
0
0
0
0
100. 0
0
0
1997
0
0
0
0
100. 0
0
0
1998
20
0
78
7
24 7
74
7
1999
42
9
55
6
16.5
82
3
2000
48
0
50
9
19. 9
80
1
2001
42
0
57
0
14 3
85
7
2002
54
7
43
5
7 . 6
92
4
2003
59
6
38
1
0.8
90
8
2004
28
6
65
6
i—1
CO
85
2
2005
21
2
78
2
13. 4
83
0
2006
0
0
100
0
8 . 4
91
6
Table K-13
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 GDI 4 Valve Fixed Timing Cars
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
CU-FT CU-FT-
-MPG TON-MPG
2008 164 0.019 30.2 20.0 28.4 24.1
Percent of GDI 4 Valve Fixed Timing Cars:
3547 107.2 138 185
9. (
134 1.363 0.0520 42.7
2581
4577
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
2008
99.0
1. 0
22.3 73.2
E PA4 20-R-08-015
K-8
September 2008
-------
Table K-14
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 GDI 4 Valve Variable Timing Cars
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY >
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
WGHT VOL ENGINE
LB CU-FT CID HP
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON CU-FT CU-FT-
-MPG -MPG TON-MPG
2008 109 0.013 27.9 18.4 26.6 22.3 3786 98.i
Percent of GDI 4 Valve Variable Timing Cars:
179 269
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
7 . i
159 1.556 0.0705 42.9
2250
4243
2008 30.9
Table K-15
MODEL SALES
5.1 14.2 85.5
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Diesel 2 Valve Fixed Timing Cars
< FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB
55/45
ADJ
CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
ENGINE
LB CU-FT CID
HP
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON CU-FT CU-FT-
-MPG -MPG TON-MPG
1986
35
0
003
40.5
32 . 0
37 . 5
34 . 3
2906
106.2
123
74
i—1
CO
97
0
584
0
0246
50.2
3759
5329
1987
27
0
003
30.5
24 3
27 . 5
25.7
3584
110. 8
172
129
13. 4
113
0
737
0
0355
46.5
2909
5135
1988
1
0
000
37 . 4
29.5
33. 6
31. 3
3000
95. 9
152
93
14 6
105
0
612
0
0310
47 . 0
3003
4505
1989
4
0
000
45.5
35. 0
41 6
37 . 9
2813
103. 0
102
55
20.6
91
0
541
0
0195
53.3
3928
5491
1990
4
0
000
36.7
28 1
33. 4
30.5
3280
107 . 5
141
93
16. 9
102
0
643
0
0273
50. 6
3398
5424
1991
11
0
001
35.3
26. 9
32 . 0
29.2
3346
107 . 4
148
96
16.6
102
0
635
0
0276
49.4
3267
5293
1992
5
0
001
32 . 3
24 5
29.4
26.6
3691
110.2
154
115
14 9
107
0
737
0
0308
49.1
3011
5415
1994
1
0
000
27 . 8
20.0
26. 9
23. 0
5000
123.7
210
148
15.2
109
0
705
0
0296
57 . 5
2843
7108
1995
0
0
000
27 . 8
19. 9
26.8
22 . 9
5000
123.7
210
148
15.2
109
0
705
0
0296
57 . 3
2833
7083
1996
5
0
001
47 . 2
33. 8
42 7
37 . 8
3500
119. 6
116
90
16.5
100
0
776
0
0257
66.2
4525
7919
1997
3
0
000
49.6
35. 0
44.7
39.4
3323
110.1
116
90
15. 8
101
0
776
0
0272
65.5
4340
7227
1998
12
0
001
51.1
35. 8
45.5
40.3
3000
100.7
116
90
14 6
104
0
776
0
0300
60.5
4062
6093
1999
9
0
001
52 .1
36.5
45.2
40.7
3000
99.9
116
90
14 7
104
0
776
0
0300
61.1
4067
6101
2000
21
0
002
49.8
34 . 3
43.8
38 . 9
3000
100. 0
116
90
14 8
104
0
776
0
0300
58 . 6
3902
5854
2001
22
0
003
49.1
33.5
43.1
38 . 2
3103
100.1
116
90
15.2
103
0
776
0
0291
59.4
3839
5942
2002
33
0
004
47 . 8
32 . 3
42 2
37 .1
3226
101. 7
116
90
15.7
102
0
776
0
0281
59. 9
3793
6106
2003
29
0
004
49.9
33.5
43.1
38 . 3
3207
105.7
116
90
15. 6
102
0
776
0
0282
61. 5
4063
6529
2004
22
0
003
44.3
29.1
39.8
34 . 3
3319
106.7
117
105
14 3
107
0
897
0
0317
57 .1
3680
6102
2005
23
0
003
43.4
28 5
38 . 5
33.5
3470
111 . 0
117
105
14 8
106
0
899
0
0303
58 . 0
3712
6446
2006
45
0
006
44.5
29. 9
37 . 6
33. 9
3474
105.1
116
100
15. 4
104
0
862
0
0288
58 . 8
3560
6185
Percent of Diesel 2 Valve Fixed Timing Cars:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
1986
72
5
0
0
70
5
10
9
1987
13
4
0
0
13
8
0
0
1988
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1989
91
6
0
0
91
6
0
0
1990
44
8
0
0
44
8
0
0
1991
44
4
0
0
44
4
0
0
1992
20
1
0
0
20
1
0
0
1994
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1995
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1996
100
0
0
0
100
0
0
0
1997
100
0
0
0
100
0
0
0
1998
100
0
0
0
100
0
0
0
1999
100
0
0
0
96
4
3
6
2000
100
0
0
0
68
6
31
4
2001
100
0
0
0
60
1
39
9
2002
100
0
0
0
43
1
56
9
2003
100
0
0
0
68
5
31
5
2004
100
0
0
0
50
0
50
0
2005
100
0
0
0
38
9
61
1
2006
100
0
0
0
36
7
63
3
E PA4 20-R-08-015
K-9
September 2008
-------
Table K-16
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Diesel 4 Valve Fixed Timing Cars
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
< FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
CU-FT CU-FT-
-MPG TON-MPG
1995
5
0
001
34 . 5
25.1
31. 9
28
2
4000
106. 4
183
134
13
7
112
0.732
0.0335
56.3
2996
5992
1996
3
0
000
35. 8
25. 6
33.5
29
1
4000
110.3
183
134
13
7
112
0.732
0.0335
58 . 2
3212
6424
1997
3
0
000
33. 9
24 1
31. 5
27
5
4000
110.1
182
134
13
7
112
0.736
0.0335
54 . 9
3022
6044
1998
3
0
000
34 . 9
24 1
33. 6
28
3
4000
110.1
182
174
11
1
125
0. 956
0.0435
56. 6
3117
6235
1999
5
0
001
34 . 8
23. 9
33.2
28
1
4000
110.1
182
174
11
1
125
0. 956
0.0435
56.3
3098
6196
2005
6
0
001
35.5
23.1
33. 4
28
0
4000
111. 6
197
201
9
9
134
1. 020
0.0502
56. 0
3127
6254
2006
5
0
001
35.5
23.1
33. 4
28
0
4000
111. 6
197
201
9
9
134
1. 020
0.0502
56. 0
3127
6254
2007
9
0
001
34 . 3
22 . 6
31. 8
27
0
4078
114 . 2
182
210
7
9
136
1.155
0. 0518
55. 0
3081
6302
2008
3
0
000
33.5
22 . 2
30. 9
26
4
4180
117 . 6
182
211
7
7
135
1.157
0. 0509
55.2
3099
6509
Percent of Diesel 4 Valve Fixed Timing Cars:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
1995
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
o
1996
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
o
1997
0
0
0
0
0
0
100. 0
1998
0
0
0
0
0
0
100. 0
1999
0
0
0
0
0
0
100. 0
2005
0
0
0
0
0
0
100. 0
2006
0
0
0
0
0
0
100. 0
2007
0
0
5
2
0
0
100. 0
2008
0
0
12
0
0
0
100. 0
Table K-17
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Diesel 2 Valve Variable Timing Cars
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB
55/45
< FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/
ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPD CID WT
CITY HWY COMP
TON CU-FT CU-FT-
-MPG -MPG TON-MPG
2005
0.001 36.1
23.4 34.2 2E
3500 110.(
121 134
12.3 lie
1.107 0.0383 50.0
3159
5529
Percent of Diesel 2 Valve Variable Timing Cars:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
2005
100. 0
0.0
0.0 100.0
E PA4 20-R-08-015
K-10
September 2008
-------
Table K-18
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Hybrid Cars
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
<
FRAC LAB
55/45
FUEL ECONOMY >
AD J
CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
WGHT
LB
VOL
CU-FT
ENGINE
CID
HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
HP/
CID
HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
2000
6
0
001
76.4
51
8
63. 0
57 . 3
2000
50. 0
61
67
11
0
103
1
098
0.0335
57 . 3
2867
2867
2001
3
0
000
71. 2
49
3
56.3
52 . 9
2111
50. 0
61
6 6
11
1
102
1
084
0. 0315
55. 9
2658
2794
2002
25
0
003
58 . 4
43
7
42 . 0
42 . 8
2933
96.3
89
70
17
8
96
0
786
0.0239
62 . 6
4097
6059
2003
47
0
006
56. 9
40
8
42 . 8
41. 9
2982
100.1
84
80
11
7
100
0
957
0.0269
62 . 5
4189
6261
2004
71
0
009
62 . 4
45
0
44.7
44.8
2994
108 . 4
88
79
10
9
99
0
901
0. 0263
67 . 3
4883
7317
2005
168
0
021
59.1
41
8
43.0
42 . 5
3054
110. 6
100
95
9
8
105
0
918
0.0305
65. 9
4800
7291
2006
123
0
015
62 . 0
44
0
44.5
44.3
3029
109.2
92
91
10
2
103
0
984
0.0296
67 . 4
4887
7376
2007
275
0
034
56.7
40
8
40.8
40.8
3297
110. 9
108
105
10
0
106
0
963
0.0311
67 . 6
4636
7502
2008
318
0
037
55. 4
39
9
40.0
40.0
3351
110. 9
111
109
10
0
107
0
967
0.0316
67 . 4
4571
7487
Percent of Hybrid Cars:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
2000
100. 0
0
0
100
0
0
0
2001
100. 0
0
0
55
8
0
0
2002
100. 0
0
0
2
6
0
0
2003
100. 0
0
0
13
8
0
0
2004
100. 0
0
0
6
6
0
0
2005
100. 0
0
0
3
0
11
5
2006
100. 0
0
0
0
4
3
4
2007
CO
CO
0
0
0
0
2
9
2008
97 . 9
1
1
0
0
3
7
Table K-19
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Port 2 Valve Fixed Timing Vans
MODEL
SALES
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-
60
TOP
HP/
HP/
TON
YEAR
(000)
FRAC
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
SPD
CID
WT
-MPG
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1999
1281
0. 875
22 . 0
15. 4
21. 2
18 .
0
4331
229
183
11
. 4
125
0
.806
0
0422
39.2
2000
1325
0.784
22 . 4
15. 6
21. 5
18 .
3
4306
226
182
11
. 5
125
0
. 812
0
0423
39.6
2001
954
0.774
21. 6
15. 0
20.7
17 .
6
4602
241
204
11
. 0
128
0
. 855
0
0443
40.8
2002
890
0.716
22 . 8
15.7
21. 6
18 .
5
4407
226
194
11
. 0
127
0
.865
0
0441
41.1
2003
914
0.742
23. 4
16.0
22 . 2
19.
0
4381
226
196
10
. 9
128
0
. 874
0
0448
41. 7
2004
454
0.477
23. 0
15.5
21. 9
18 .
6
4 4 45
233
198
10
. 9
128
0
. 857
0
0446
41. 4
2005
919
0. 620
23. 6
15. 9
22 . 3
19.
0
4388
224
199
10
. 8
129
0
.890
0
0453
41. 7
2006
617
0.529
23.5
15.7
22 . 3
18 .
9
4504
226
198
11
. 1
128
0
.880
0
0440
42 . 6
2007
360
0. 411
23.7
15. 8
22 . 7
19.
1
4 4 43
227
198
10
. 9
128
0
. 877
0
0447
42 . 5
2008
213
0.239
23. 8
16.0
22 . 4
19.
1
4678
219
186
12
. 1
122
0
.848
0
0395
44.8
Percent of Port 2 Valve Fixed Timing Vans:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
1999
72
6
3.1
0
0
100. 0
2000
75
2
3.5
0
0
100. 0
2001
60
3
11. 2
0
0
100. 0
2002
78
1
4 . 2
0
0
100. 0
2003
77
8
CO
0
0
100. 0
2004
77
7
4 . 6
0
0
100. 0
2005
89
1
2 . 2
0
0
100. 0
2006
87
3
2 . 0
0
0
100. 0
2007
91
1
1.1
0
0
100. 0
2008
82
3
2 . 8
0
0
100. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
K-ll
September 2008
-------
Table K-20
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Port 4 Valve Fixed Timing Vans
< FUEL ECONOMY >
FRAC LAB
55/45
AD J
CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
WGHT
LB
ENGINE
CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
1999
62
0. 043
25. 6
i—1
CD
O
24 1
20
8
3998
148
150
12 . 5
117
1. 015
0
0375
41. 6
2000
112
0. 066
24 . 6
17 . 3
22 . 9
19
9
4000
150
159
12 . 0
120
1. 061
0
0397
40.0
2001
69
0. 056
23. 9
16. 9
21. 8
19
3
4045
151
158
12 .1
119
1. 043
0
0391
39.0
2002
93
0. 075
22 . 0
15.3
20.6
17
8
4570
184
176
12 . 3
120
0.966
0
0384
40.8
2003
77
0. 062
21. 5
14 9
20.0
17
4
4706
193
182
12 . 3
121
0. 952
0
0386
41.1
2004
59
0. 062
21. 6
14 4
21.1
17
6
4897
206
190
12 . 2
122
0. 926
0
0388
43.0
2005
191
0.129
23.5
15. 8
22 . 2
18
9
44 94
191
194
11. 2
127
1. 022
0
0435
42 . 4
2006
125
0.107
24 . 9
16.7
23.3
19
9
4288
198
212
10.2
134
1. 076
0
04 94
42 . 7
2007
104
0.118
24 . 5
16.5
23. 0
19
6
4370
207
222
9. 9
136
1. 071
0
0506
42 . 9
2008
287
0.322
24 .1
16.0
23.1
19
4
4558
230
214
10.7
132
0. 934
0
0469
44.3
Percent of Port 4 Valve Fixed Timing Vans:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
1999
100
0
0
0
0
0
100. 0
2000
100
0
0
0
0
0
100. 0
2001
100
0
0
0
0
0
100. 0
2002
100
0
0
0
0
0
100. 0
2003
100
0
0
0
0
0
100. 0
2004
100
0
0
0
0
0
100. 0
2005
81
1
18
9
0
0
60.5
2006
84
1
15
9
0
0
55. 9
2007
84
8
15
2
0
0
CO
CJ1
2008
96
3
3
7
0
0
100. 0
Table K-21
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Port 2 Valve Variable Timing Vans
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
< FUEL ECONOMY >
FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
WGHT ENGINE
LB CID HP
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
2006 4 0.004 24.1 16.0 23.4 19.5 4500 237 240 9.4 140 1.013 0.0533 43.9
2007 71 0.081 24.1 16.0 23.4 19.5 4500 237 240 9.4 140 1.013 0.0533 43.9
2008 22 0.024 24.0 15.9 23.3 19.4 4500 237 240 9.4 140 1.013 0.0533 43.7
Percent of Port 2 Valve Variable Timing Vans:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
2006
2007
2008
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0 100.0
0.0 100.0
0.0 100.0
E PA4 20-R-08-015
K-12
September 2008
-------
Table K-22
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Port 4 Valve Variable Timing Vans
< FUEL ECONOMY >
FRAC LAB
55/45
AD J
CITY
ADJ ADJ
HWY COMP
WGHT ENGINE
LB CID HP
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
1999
120
0. 082
24 .1
16.7
23. 4
19.7
4210
195
196
10.5
130
1
008
0
0467
41. 6
2000
253
0.150
24 . 0
16.5
23.3
19.6
4241
197
197
10.5
130
1
004
0
0466
41. 6
2001
209
0.170
24 . 3
16.7
23.2
19.8
4295
200
207
10.2
133
1
041
0
0484
42 . 4
2002
259
0.209
24 . 3
16.7
23.2
19.7
4287
200
226
9.5
139
1
133
0
0527
42 . 3
2003
241
0.196
24 . 3
16.5
23.2
19.6
4342
203
229
9.5
139
1
129
0
0527
42 . 6
2004
439
0. 461
24 . 9
16.7
23. 8
20.1
4474
206
233
9.6
139
1
132
0
0520
44.9
2005
371
0.250
25.2
16.8
24 2
20.3
4500
207
242
9.4
141
1
165
0
0538
45.8
2006
420
0.361
25.3
16.8
24 3
20.4
4488
207
229
9.8
137
1
108
0
0511
45. 9
2007
342
0.390
25.1
16.7
23. 9
20.2
4500
212
250
9.2
143
1
179
0
0555
45.4
2008
369
0. 415
25. 4
16. 9
24 2
20.4
4500
212
252
9.1
144
1
188
0
0559
46.0
Percent of Port 4 Valve Variable Timing Vans:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
1999
100. 0
0
0
0
0
100. 0
2000
100. 0
0
0
0
0
100. 0
2001
100. 0
0
0
0
0
100. 0
2002
100. 0
0
0
0
0
100. 0
2003
100. 0
0
0
0
0
100. 0
2004
94 .1
5
9
0
0
100. 0
2005
93.5
6
5
0
0
100. 0
2006
95.1
4
9
0
0
100. 0
2007
97 . 7
2
3
0
0
100. 0
2008
95.1
4
9
0
0
100. 0
Table K-23
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Port 2 Valve Fixed Timing SUVs
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
< FUEL ECONOMY >
FRAC LAB
55/45
ADJ
CITY
ADJ
HWY
ADJ
COMP
WGHT
LB
ENGINE
CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
1999
2024
0.715
19.2
13.7
18
2
i—1
en
CO
4543
272
203
10. 9
129
0
752
0
0448
35.7
2000
2360
0.751
19.3
13.7
18
1
15. 8
4588
269
206
10. 9
129
0
774
0
0451
36.1
2001
2059
0.597
19.8
14 1
18
3
16.1
4573
261
212
10.6
131
0
821
0
0464
36. 8
2002
2181
0.521
19.4
13. 6
18
1
15. 8
47 96
269
232
10.3
135
0
8 6 6
0
0484
37 . 8
2003
1883
0. 457
19.2
13. 4
17
9
15. 6
5029
278
237
10.5
134
0
856
0
0472
39.0
2004
2063
0. 438
19.5
13. 4
18
1
15.7
4 921
278
239
10.2
136
0
859
0
0486
38 . 6
2005
1433
0.351
20.1
13. 8
18
7
16.2
4857
271
240
10.1
137
0
888
0
04 93
39.3
2006
951
0.253
19. 9
13. 6
18
5
16.0
4848
268
240
10.2
137
0
893
0
04 94
38 . 8
2007
1311
0.307
20. 9
14 3
19
5
16.8
5033
274
252
10.0
138
0
916
0
04 99
42 . 4
2008
1178
0.242
21. 2
14 4
19
9
17 .1
4 940
267
246
10.1
137
0
917
0
04 95
42 . 2
Percent of Port 2 Valve Fixed Timing SUVs:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
1999
0
0
66.3
4 . 6
95. 4
2000
0
0
69.5
4 . 0
96. 0
2001
10
5
56. 9
3.4
9 6.6
2002
3
3
64 . 2
2 . 6
97 . 3
2003
1
9
62 . 3
2 . 6
97 . 4
2004
3
9
65. 6
2 . 4
97 . 6
2005
8
5
67 . 7
2 . 5
97 . 5
2006
3
7
70.7
3.8
96.2
2007
7
9
60.5
3.0
97 . 0
2008
9
4
60.3
3.4
9 6.6
E PA4 20-R-08-015
K-13
September 2008
-------
Table K-24
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Port 3 Valve Fixed Timing SUVs
< FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT
FRAC LAB AD J ADJ ADJ LB
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
ENGINE
CID
HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
1999
52
0
018
20
3
14 7
18
6
16.6
5000
215
232
10.7
133
1
080
0. 0464
41. 4
2000
36
0
011
20
8
15. 0
18
8
16. 9
5500
195
215
12 .1
125
1
103
0. 0391
46.4
2001
40
0
012
20
8
14 8
19
0
16.8
5500
214
231
11. 6
129
1
085
0. 0420
46.3
2002
43
0
010
19
1
13.7
17
0
15. 4
5000
227
237
10.5
135
1
059
0.0475
38 . 5
2003
36
0
009
18
8
13.5
16
6
15.1
5138
239
243
10.5
135
1
024
0.0472
38 . 7
2004
19
0
004
18
8
13.5
16
4
15. 0
5535
245
246
11. 0
132
1
007
0.0444
41. 5
2005
21
0
005
18
7
13.3
16
4
14 . 9
5047
247
252
10.1
138
1
018
0.0497
37 . 7
2006
11
0
003
18
5
12 . 7
17
3
15. 0
5023
303
304
8 . 5
153
1
001
0. 0605
37 . 6
2007
39
0
009
18
7
12 . 7
17
8
15.2
5205
289
296
9.0
149
1
026
0.0570
39.6
2008
33
0
007
19
0
12 . 8
18
5
15.5
5077
286
302
8 . 7
152
1
056
0. 0595
39.4
Percent of Port 3 Valve Fixed Timing SUVs:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
1999
0
0
31
6
0
0
100. 0
2000
0
0
0
0
0
0
100. 0
2001
0
0
100
0
0
0
100. 0
2002
0
0
100
0
0
0
100. 0
2003
0
0
100
0
0
0
100. 0
2004
0
0
100
0
0
0
100. 0
2005
0
0
100
0
0
0
100. 0
2006
0
0
100
0
0
0
100. 0
2007
0
0
86
0
0
0
100. 0
2008
0
0
78
9
0
0
100. 0
Table K-25
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Port 4 Valve Fixed Timing SUVs
MODEL SALES
< FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE
0-60 TOP
HP/
HP/
TON
YEAR
(000)
FRAC LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
SPD
CID
WT
-MPG
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1999
663
0.234 22.9
16.7
20.5
18 .
5
3969
174
176
11 . 1
126
1
. 031
0
0442
36.7
2000
652
0.207 22.8
16.6
20.2
18 .
4
3988
170
171
11. 3
124
1
. 026
0
0428
36. 6
2001
887
0.257 22.6
16.1
20.5
18 .
2
4019
180
184
10.8
128
1
. 044
0
0461
36.5
2002
958
0.229 21.9
15.5
19.8
17 .
6
4121
192
189
10.7
129
0
.999
0
0463
36.3
2003
892
0.217 22.5
15. 6
20.6
18 .
1
4113
198
195
10.5
131
1
. 003
0
0476
37 . 2
2004
957
0.203 22.1
15.3
20.3
17 .
7
4275
209
211
10.1
134
1
. 028
0
04 96
37 . 9
2005
754
0.185 24.0
16.5
21. 6
19.
1
3967
179
190
10.4
130
1
. 068
0
0478
37 . 9
2006
706
0.188 24 . 9
17 . 0
22 . 6
19.
8
3887
178
180
10.6
128
1
. 028
0
0465
38 . 6
2007
664
0.155 24.3
16.6
22 . 2
19.
4
4211
193
224
9.8
138
1
. 150
0
0526
40.8
2008
835
0.172 24.4
16.7
22 . 2
19.
4
4185
194
218
9.8
137
1
. 121
0
0516
40.6
Percent of
Port 4 Valve
Fixed
Timing
SUVs:
MODEL
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
YEAR
FRONT 4 WD MANUAL
LOCK
1999
8
.0 65.1
12 . 9
87
. 1
2000
7
.3 63.2
10.0
90
. 0
2001
16
.9 62 . 2
7 . 0
93
. 0
2002
16
.0 56.7
8 . 6
91
. 1
2003
26
.4 55.0
5.6
89
. 9
2004
21
.3 64.0
5.6
92
. 6
2005
41
.6 47.4
6.1
93
. 6
2006
49
.6 42.0
5.1
94
. 9
2007
45
.6 49.3
2 . 5
97
. 5
2008
38
.1 50.3
2 . 9
97
. 1
E PA4 20-R-08-015
K-14
September 2008
-------
Table K-26
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Port 2 Valve Variable Timing SUVs
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
2006
55
0. 015
25. 8
17 . 2
24 . 6
20.7
4000
213
255
8 . 2
152
1.197
0.0637
41. 5
2007
146
0. 034
i—1
CO
12 . 5
18 . 2
15.2
5683
327
351
8 . 6
158
1. 075
0.0611
43.1
2008
117
0. 024
19.1
12 . 9
18 . 2
15.5
5335
300
311
9.0
151
1. 042
0.0576
41. 3
Percent of Port 2 Valve Variable Timing SUVs:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
2006
2007
2008
57 . 4 42 . f
0.0 92.(
0.0 8 8.^
0.0 100.0
1.2 98.8
2.3 97.7
Table K-27
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Port 3 Valve Variable Timing SUVs
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY >
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
WGHT ENGINE
LB CID HP
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
2005
117
0. 029
i—1
CO
o
12 . 3
CO
<—1
14 . 5
6000
330
300
9. 9
142
0. 909
0. 0500
43.6
2006
187
0. 050
1—1
CO
12 . 9
17 . 7
15.3
555 9
294
291
9.6
144
1. 013
0.0527
42 . 4
2007
61
0. 014
18 . 6
12 . 4
18 . 3
15.2
6000
330
300
9. 9
142
0. 909
0.0500
45.6
2008
29
0. 006
i—1
CO
CJI
12 . 4
i—1
CO
o
i—1
CJi
i—1
6000
330
300
9. 9
142
0. 909
0.0500
45.3
Percent of Port 3 Valve Variable Timing SUVs:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
2005
2006
2007
2008
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
42 . 9
62 . 3
0.0
0.0
0.0 100.0
0.0 100.0
0.0 100.0
0.0 100.0
E PA4 20-R-08-015
K-15
September 2008
-------
Table K-2E
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Port 4 Valve Variable Timing SUVs
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
< FUEL ECONOMY >
FRAC LAB AD J ADJ ADJ
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
WGHT ENGINE
LB CID HP
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
1999
91
0. 032
23. 6
17 . 0
21. 5
19
1
4000
183
220
9
2
140
1
202
0. 0550
38 . 2
2000
95
0. 030
23.2
16.6
21.1
18
7
4058
188
224
9
2
140
1
193
0.0551
38 .1
2001
464
0.134
22 . 5
16.0
20.5
18
2
4096
185
215
9
7
137
1
171
0.0523
37 . 4
2002
1007
0.240
22 . 4
15. 6
20.8
18
1
4233
205
228
9
5
139
1
121
0. 0535
38 . 4
2003
1306
0.317
22 . 5
15. 6
20.8
18
1
4333
206
230
9
6
139
1
122
0. 0528
39.3
2004
1655
0.351
22 . 4
15. 4
20.8
18
0
4462
220
241
9
5
141
1
106
0.0537
40.2
2005
1733
0.424
22 . 3
15.2
20.5
17
9
4504
218
243
9
5
141
1
122
0.0538
40.2
2006
1735
0. 462
22 . 4
15.3
20.6
18
0
4563
217
239
9
7
139
1
110
0.0522
41. 0
2007
1986
0. 464
23. 9
16.3
21. 8
19
1
4356
203
234
9
5
140
1
168
0.0536
41. 7
2008
2466
0.507
24 . 2
16.4
22 . 3
19
3
4 4 4 9
207
245
9
4
142
1
188
0.0546
43.1
Percent of Port 4 Valve Variable Timing SUVs:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
1999
24 5
75.5
0
0
100
0
2000
32 . 6
61. 6
0
0
100
0
2001
23. 6
66. 4
3
4
96
6
2002
16. 9
68 .1
1
8
98
0
2003
15. 4
69.1
1
8
94
0
2004
17 . 9
64 . 5
1
6
94
5
2005
14 9
70.5
1
2
94
6
2006
16. 9
o
CO
1
3
94
2
2007
27 . 6
62 . 3
1
6
90
4
2008
32 .1
o
o
1
4
87
6
Table K-29
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Port 5 Valve Variable Timing SUVs
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB
55/45
< FUEL ECONOMY >
ADJ ADJ ADJ
CITY HWY COMP
WGHT ENGINE
LB CID HP
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
2004
18
0. 004
i—1
CO
o
12 . 3
17 . 1
14 . 6
5500
255
310
9.0
150
1. 216
o
o
CJ1
54
40.2
2005
7
0. 002
18 . 0
12 . 3
17 . 0
14 . 6
5500
255
310
9.0
150
1. 216
0. 05(
54
40.1
2006
4
0. 001
18 . 0
12 . 3
17 . 0
14 . 6
5500
255
310
9.0
150
1. 216
0. 05£
54
40.1
Percent of Port 5 Valve Variable Timing SUVs:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
2004
2005
2006
0.0 100.0
0.0 100.0
0.0 100.0
0.0 100.0
0.0 100.0
0.0 100.0
Table K-30
MODEL SALES
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 GDI 4 Valve Variable Timing SUVs
FUEL ECONOMY
-> WGHT ENGINE
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
0-60 TOP HP/ HP/
LB CID HP TIME SPD
CID
WT
TON
-MPG
20oe
97 0.020 22.3
15.2 2 0.^
17 . 9
4671 184 274
].l 149 1.544 0.0590 41.7
Percent of GDI 4 Valve Variable Timing SUVs:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
20oe
27 . (
12. 4
0.0 100.0
E PA4 20-R-08-015
K-16
September 2008
-------
Table K-31
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Diesel 2 Valve Fixed Timing SUVs
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY >
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
WGHT ENGINE
LB CID HP
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
2004
1
0. 000
22 . 8
15. 4
21 . 8
i—1
CO
>£2.
6000
300
310
9.7
145
1. 033
0.0517
55.3
2006
1
0. 000
21. 7
i—1
CO
20.0
17 . 4
6000
300
310
9.6
145
1. 033
0.0517
52 . 2
2007
0
0. 000
21. 7
i—1
CO
20.0
17 . 4
6000
300
310
7 . 2
145
1. 033
0.0517
52 . 2
2008
1
0. 000
21 . 7
1—1
CO
20.0
17 . 4
6000
300
310
7 . 1
145
1. 033
0.0517
52 . 2
Percent of Diesel 2 Valve Fixed Timing SUVs:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
2004
2006
0.0 100.0
0.0 100.0
0.0 100.0
0.0 100.0
2007
0.
. 0 100.0
0.0 100
. 0
2008
0.
. 0 100.0
0.0 100
. 0
Table
K-32
Characteristics of
1975
to 2008
Diesel 4
Valve :
Fixed
Timing
SUVs
MODEL
SALES
<
FUEL ECONOMY •
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
TOP
HP/
HP/
TON
YEAR
(000)
FRAC LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
SPD
CID
WT
-MPG
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
2005
8
0.002 28.1
19.4
24 . 7
22 .1
4500
171
160
13.1
116
0. 936
0. 0356
49.7
2006
7
0.002 27.2
19.0
23.5
21. 3
4500
171
160
10.1
116
0. 936
0. 0356
48.0
2007
1
0.000 25.2
17 . 5
22 . 2
19. 9
4 945
183
215
9.0
129
1.175
0.0435
49.2
2008
18
0.004 26.1
18 . 0
23.2
20.7
4 921
183
215
8 . 3
129
1 . 177
0.0440
50. 9
Percent of Diesel 4 Valve Fixed Timing SUVs:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
2005
2006
2007
2008
0.0 100.0
0.0 100.0
0.0 89.0
0.0 64.6
0.0 100.0
0.0 100.0
0.0 100. 0
0.0 100.0
Table K-33
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Diesel 4 Valve Variable Timing SUVs
MODEL SALES < FUEL ECONOMY >
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
WGHT ENGINE
LB CID HP
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
2007
3 0.001 27 . 0
18.5 24.0 21.3
5381 182 215
7 . (
12£
1.181 0.0403 57.2
Percent of Diesel 4 Valve Variable Timing SUVs:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
2007
0.0 100.0
0.0 100.0
E PA4 20-R-08-015
K-17
September 2008
-------
Table K-34
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Hybrid SUVs
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
< FUEL ECONOMY >
FRAC LAB
55/45
AD J
CITY
ADJ ADJ
HWY COMP
WGHT
LB
ENGINE
CID HP
0-60
TIME
TOP
SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
2005
11
0. 003
37 . 6
28 . 8
26. 9
27 . 7
4000
140
135
11. 7
112
0. 964
0.0337
55. 4
2006
100
0. 027
35.3
27 . 3
25.2
26.1
4397
189
193
7 . 8
127
1. 016
0.0437
57 . 3
2007
61
0. 014
35. 4
26. 9
25. 8
26.3
4261
180
186
8 . 5
126
1. 028
0.0435
56. 0
2008
91
0. 019
35.2
27 .1
25. 4
26.1
4612
196
194
8 . 4
125
0. 997
0.0414
60.2
Percent of Hybrid SUVs:
DRIVETRAIN
TRANSMISSION
YEAR
FRONT
4WD
MANUAL LOCK
2005
39
. 3
60.7
0.0 0
. 0
2006
28
. 3
71 . 7
0.0 0
. 0
2007
43
. 1
56. 9
0.0 12
. 2
2008
25
. 1
71 . 2
0.0 2
. 9
Table
K-35
Characteristics of
1975
to 2008
Port
2 Valve Fixed Timing Pickup Trucks
MODEL
SALES
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
TOP
HP/
HP/
TON
YEAR
(000)
FRAC
LAB ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
SPD
CID
WT
-MPG
55/45 CITY
HWY
COMP
1999
2349
0.
923
19.7 14.0
18 5
16.1
4565
275
208
10. 9
130
0.763
0.0453
36.7
2000
2280
0.
873
20.3 14.4
18 9
16.5
4391
262
205
10.8
130
0.786
0.0462
36.3
2001
2197
0.
872
19.3 13.6
18 0
15.7
4642
279
221
10.5
133
0.795
0.0473
36.5
2002
1958
0.
822
19.0 13.4
17 6
15. 4
4832
287
236
10.3
136
0. 822
0.0487
37 . 2
2003
2116
0.
855
19.6 13.7
17 9
15. 8
474 9
275
230
10.5
134
0. 834
0.0479
37 . 5
2004
1695
0.
676
19.3 13.5
17 6
15.5
4 971
291
253
10.0
139
0. 864
0.0507
38 . 5
2005
1360
0.
591
19.3 13.3
17 8
15.5
5053
294
260
9. 9
140
0. 879
0.0514
39.2
2006
1112
0.
508
19.7 13.6
18 1
15. 9
5083
292
257
10.1
139
0. 875
0.0505
40.3
2007
1168
0.
555
19.9 13.7
18 5
16.1
5214
298
271
9.8
142
0. 903
0.0517
41. 9
2008
1165
0.
551
20.2 13.9
18 7
16.3
5278
298
273
9. 9
142
0. 908
0.0514
43.0
Percent of
Port 2 Valve Fixed Timing
Pickup
Trucks
MODEL
DRIVETRAIN
TRANSMISSION
YEAR
FRONT
4WD
MANUAL LOCK
1999
0
. 0
45.7
15.1 84
. 9
2000
0
. 0
38 .1
14.8 85
. 2
2001
0
. 0
39.4
9.5 90
. 5
2002
0
. 0
44.7
6.1 93
. 9
2003
0
. 0
40.4
7.8 92
. 2
2004
0
. 0
44.6
5.1 94
. 9
2005
0
. 0
44.5
3.5 96
. 5
2006
0
. 0
41. 2
4.2 95
. 8
2007
0
. 0
43.7
1.7 98
. 3
2008
0
. 0
45.1
3.3 96
. 7
Table K-36
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Port 3 Valve Fixed Timing Pickup Trucks
MODEL SALES
YEAR
(000) FRAC LAB
55/45
FUEL ECONOMY >
ADJ ADJ ADJ
CITY HWY COMP
WGHT ENGINE
LB CID HP
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
2007
2008
16 0.008 19.2
15 0.007 18.4
12.9 18.6
12.4 17.7
15. 6
15. 0
5000 280 292
5296 295 338
].8 150 1.043 0.0584 39.1
].3 159 1.136 0.0632 39.6
Percent of Port 3 Valve Fixed Timing Pickup Trucks:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
2007
2008
0.0
0.0
64 . 2
35. 4
0.0 100.0
0.0 100.0
E PA4 20-R-08-015
K-1E
September 200£
-------
Table K-37
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Port 4 Valve Fixed Timing Pickup Trucks
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
< FUEL ECONOMY >
FRAC LAB
55/45
AD J
CITY
ADJ ADJ
HWY COMP
WGHT ENGINE
LB CID HP
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
1999
196
0 . 077
23. 6
17 . 3
20.8
19
0
3544
170
159
10
8
125
0
935
0. 044 9
33.7
2000
332
0.127
21. 6
15. 8
19.1
17
4
3993
204
186
10
6
128
0
918
0. 0462
34 . 7
2001
322
0.128
22 . 2
16.2
19.5
17
8
3932
196
180
10
8
127
0
928
0.0455
35.1
2002
423
0.178
21. 8
15.7
19.2
17
5
4031
200
181
11
0
126
0
912
0.0445
35. 4
2003
358
0.145
22 . 4
15. 9
19.7
17
9
4005
200
182
10
8
127
0
926
0.0452
36. 0
2004
339
0.135
21. 6
15.3
19.1
17
2
4147
208
188
10
9
128
0
919
0.0451
35. 8
2005
40
0. 017
27 . 5
19.0
24 2
21
7
3696
144
151
11
7
120
1
046
0. 0408
40.1
2006
33
0. 015
28 .1
19.3
25. 0
22
2
3595
142
150
11
5
121
1
051
0.0416
40.0
2007
97
0. 046
22 . 9
16.0
20.1
18
1
4195
241
236
9
0
143
0
980
0.0565
38 . 0
2008
88
0. 042
22 . 4
15.7
19.7
17
8
4304
241
236
9
2
142
0
980
0.0553
38 . 2
Percent of Port 4 Valve Fixed Timing Pickup Trucks:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
1999
0
0
40.6
46
4
41
4
2000
0
0
40.2
29
2
64
6
2001
0
0
<£>
CO
CO
28
9
64
4
2002
0
0
31 . 5
25
3
69
8
2003
0
0
CO
CO
25
4
68
5
2004
0
0
33. 8
23
1
70
0
2005
0
0
20.7
40
8
59
2
2006
0
0
22 . 5
39
6
60
4
2007
0
0
39.1
6
8
93
2
2008
0
0
40.3
17
0
83
0
Table K-38
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Port 2 Valve Variable Timing Pickup Trucks
MODEL SALES
YEAR (000)
< FUEL ECONOMY >
FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
WGHT ENGINE
LB CID HP
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
2006
0
0. 000
15.2
10.6
14 . 2
12 . 4
6500
330
445
7 . 7
173
1.348
0. 0685
40.2
2007
112
0. 053
21.1
14 . 4
19.6
17 . 0
4630
241
204
11. 0
129
0. 852
0.0445
39.3
2008
87
0. 041
22 . 0
14 . 8
20. 9
17 . 8
4347
241
215
10.3
134
0. 876
0.0486
38 . 5
Percent of Port 2 Valve Variable Timing Pickup Trucks:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
2006
2007
2008
0.0 100.0
0.0 21.6
0.0 43.7
0.0 100.0
10.2 89.8
0.0 100.0
Table K-39
MODEL SALES
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Port 3 Valve Variable Timing Pickup Trucks
FUEL ECONOMY
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB
55/45 CITY
-> WGHT ENGINE
ADJ ADJ ADJ
HWY COMP
0-60 TOP HP/
LB CID HP TIME SPD
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
2004
358
0.143
18
1
12 . 6
16.7
14 . 6
5833
330
300
9
7
144
0
909
0. 0515
42 . 7
2005
322
0.140
18
2
12 . 6
16.6
14 . 6
5835
330
300
9
7
144
0
909
0.0515
42 . 7
2006
325
0.149
18
0
12 . 5
16.5
14 . 5
5828
330
300
9
7
144
0
909
0.0516
42 . 2
2007
229
0.109
18
2
12 . 6
16.7
14 . 6
5848
330
300
9
7
144
0
909
0.0514
42 . 8
2008
264
0.125
18
5
12 . 8
17 . 1
15. 0
5880
330
300
9
8
144
0
910
0.0511
44.0
Percent of Port 3 Valve Variable Timing Pickup Trucks:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
2004
0
0
69.0
0
0
100. 0
2005
0
0
67 . 4
0
0
100. 0
2006
0
0
67 . 4
0
0
100. 0
2007
0
0
6 9.9
0
0
100. 0
2008
0
0
74.3
0
0
100. 0
E PA4 20-R-08-015
K-19
September 2008
-------
Table K-40
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Port 4 Valve Variable Timing Pickup Trucks
MODEL SALES
< FUEL ECONOMY >
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB
55/45
AD J
CITY
ADJ ADJ
HWY COMP
WGHT ENGINE
LB CID HP
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
2004
115
0. 046
24 . 0
16.5
22 .1
19.3
4020
204
207
9
7
136
1. 017
0.0517
38
7
2005
577
0.251
21. 5
14 9
19.5
17 . 2
4450
244
243
9
4
142
1. 002
0.0545
38
3
2006
714
0.326
21. 6
14 9
19.5
17 . 3
4458
239
238
9
5
140
1. 004
0.0532
38
4
2007
482
0.229
21. 2
14 6
19.4
17 . 0
47 98
256
267
9
4
144
1. 043
0.0547
40
6
2008
494
0.234
20.6
14 2
19.0
16.6
5041
271
316
8
9
154
1.144
0.0608
41
6
Percent of Port 4 Valve Variable Timing Pickup Trucks:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK
2004
0
0
o
CD
CO
8
5
91
5
2005
0
0
42 . 2
11
7
88
3
2006
0
0
44.1
10
6
89
4
2007
0
0
43.3
11
9
88
1
2008
0
0
46.4
12
0
88
0
Table K-41
MODEL SALES
YEAR
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Diesel 2 Valve Fixed Timing Pickup Trucks
(000) FRAC LAB
55/45
< FUEL ECONOMY >
ADJ ADJ ADJ
CITY HWY COMP
WGHT ENGINE
LB CID HP
0-60 TOP
TIME SPD
HP/
CID
HP/
WT
TON
-MPG
1999
0 0.000 18.9
13.5 17.7 15.5
5000 395 180
15.0 113 0.456 0.0300 46.4
Percent of Diesel 2 Valve Fixed Timing Pickup Trucks:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
1999
0.0 100.0
0.0 100.0
Table K-42
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Hybrid Pickup Trucks
MODEL
SALES
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
TOP
HP/
HP/
TON
YEAR
(000)
FRAC
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
SPD
CID
WT
-MPG
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
2004
0
0. 000
21. 2
15. 4
17 . 9
16.7
5318
325
295
9.1
148
0. 908
0. 0556
44.4
2005
1
0. 000
21. 2
15.3
17 . 9
16.7
5151
325
295
6.5
149
0. 908
0.0574
43.0
2006
3
0. 001
21. 3
15.2
18 . 4
16. 9
5346
325
295
6.8
147
0. 908
0.0553
45.0
2007
0
0. 000
21. 7
15.5
18 . 7
17 . 1
5211
325
295
6.7
149
0. 908
0.0567
44.6
Percent of Hybrid Pickup Trucks:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
2004
2005
2006
2007
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
63.7
30.2
69.3
42 . 3
0.0 100.0
0.0 100.0
0.0 100.0
0.0 100.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
K-20
September 2008
-------
Light-Duty Automotive Technology and
Appendix L
Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and
Marketing Group
This technical report does not necessarily represent final EPA decisions or
positions. It is intended to present technical analysis of issues using data
that are currently available. The purpose in the release of such reports is to
facilitate the exchange of technical information and to inform the public of
technical developments.
Fuel Economy Trends
1975 Through 2008
~
#
Compliance and Innovative Strategies Division
and
Transportation and Climate Division
Offce of T ransportation and Air Quality
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
NOTICE
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
EPA420-R-08-015
September 2008
-------
Table L-l
MY1975 to MY2008 Cars Adjusted Composite Fuel Economy by Marketing Group
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
GM
Ford Chrysler Toyota Honda
Nissan
HK
VW
BMW
12 . 9
12 . 1
13. 1
14.2
14 . 4
14 . 1
15.2
14 . 4
14 . 0
16.3
16.1
16.3
16.4
16.5
18 . 0
18 . 7
19.3
19.5
19. 9
20.2
22 . 3
20.9
21.2
23. 0
20.1
20.6
24 . 1
20.9
21.8
24.2
21.9
22 . 3
24 . 0
23. 1
22 . 7
24 . 3
23.2
22 . 7
23.4
23. 9
22 . 9
24 . 0
23.2
22 . 9
23.5
23. 0
22 . 5
23. 0
22 . 9
22 . 9
22 . 9
22 . 4
22 . 5
23. 0
22 . 8
23. 0
23. 1
22 . 9
22 . 5
21.8
22 . 7
22 . 9
23.3
23. 1
22 . 0
22 . 5
23.2
22 . 3
22 . 4
22 . 6
22 . 6
23.3
22 . 5
22 . 4
22.2
22 . 6
22 . 1
22 . 5
22 . 9
21.9
22 . 4
23. 1
22 . 0
22 . 1
23. 0
21.6
22 . 9
23.3
21.1
23. 0
23. 1
21.8
22 . 4
22 . 7
21.9
20.6
23. 0
22 . 6
21.6
22 . 7
22 . 0
21.6
18 . 1
26.7
21.5
22 . 5
14 . 7
21.4
28 . 0
22 . 8
23.4
15. 6
24 . 6
30. 8
23. 1
24 . 6
16. 9
23. 0
28 . 8
23. 0
23.2
16. 4
20.4
24 . 6
22 . 7
24 . 4
16. 7
23.3
24 . 6
26.4
26.3
21.3
26.4
26.0
25. 8
29.1
21.8
26.0
28.2
26.0
28 .1
21.6
26.9
29.9
27 . 7
25.6
21.6
27 . 9
29.9
26.9
24.3
23. 0
27 . 3
28 . 7
25. 1
25.2
21.7
27 . 4
28 . 4
25.7
29.5
24 . 7
21.2
27 . 8
27 . 7
24 . 9
29.0
24 . 0
20.3
27 . 5
26.7
25. 8
28 . 7
25. 0
18 . 0
26.7
26.2
25.3
27 . 7
24 . 8
18.2
25.4
25.3
23.7
27 . 6
23. 8
18 . 3
25.4
25.2
24.2
27.2
24 . 3
19. 1
24 . 0
25. 8
24 . 9
25. 8
24 . 0
19. 9
ro
CO
26.6
24.2
25. 6
22 . 3
20.9
ro
CO
26.4
24 . 6
26.9
23. 1
20.8
24 . 6
26.9
24 . 1
25.4
23.3
20.8
24 . 1
26.0
24 . 8
26.0
22 . 9
22 . 3
24 . 3
26.1
24.2
25.3
23.2
21.0
24 . 6
25. 9
24 . 6
24 . 9
23.3
20.7
24 . 6
25. 0
24 . 1
24 . 9
22 . 9
20.7
24 . 7
25. 0
22 . 7
24 . 3
23. 0
20.2
25. 1
25. 8
22 . 8
24 . 8
22 . 8
20.1
24 . 6
25.5
23.2
24 . 4
23.2
21.1
25.7
26.1
22 . 3
24 . 1
23.4
21.5
25.7
26.0
22 . 5
23.3
22 . 7
21.2
27 . 1
26.0
23.3
23. 8
22 . 7
21.6
26.9
26.5
23. 0
24 . 4
23. 6
21.7
27 . 3
26.5
24 . 9
25. 9
22 . 7
21.9
27 . 8
26.5
25.2
25.2
22 . 6
22 . 0
All
13.4
14 . 9
15. 6
17 . 0
17 . 3
20.0
21.4
22 . 3
22 . 0
22 . 4
23. 0
23. 8
23.
24 .
23.
23.
23.
23. 1
23.4
23.
23.
23.
23.
23.
23. 0
22 . 9
23. 1
23.
23.
23.
23.
23.
24 .
24 .
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
L-l
September 2008
-------
Table L-2 MY1975 to MY2008 Wagons Adjusted Composite Fuel Economy by Marketing Group
YEAR
GM
Ford Chrysler Toyota Honda
Nissan
HK
VW
BMW
All
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
12 . 5
12 . 0
13. 6
19.4
17 . 8
23.3
13.2
14 . 1
14 . 5
21.0
25. 1
23.4
23.8
14 . 4
14 . 0
14 . 1
23.7
27 . 1
23. 0
24.5
15.2
15. 9
15. 1
21.7
26.7
21.7
22 . 0
15. 1
17 . 0
15. 6
21.2
25.3
23.7
21.3
17.2
19. 6
16.5
23.3
27 . 6
27 . 3
34 .1
18 . 0
21.6
21.4
24 . 7
28 . 6
26.7
34 . 5
18 . 6
21.6
23.2
24 . 9
31.2
27.2
25.4
19.5
22 . 0
23.3
29.5
31.2
29.5
26.1
20.6
22 . 3
23. 9
28 . 8
30.7
29.9
21.2
20.9
22 . 9
22 . 9
29.9
29.5
25. 6
22 . 1
21.6
23.2
22 . 6
27.2
29.2
24 . 0
19.4
21.8
22 . 6
22 . 6
27 . 5
28 . 8
23. 6
22 . 5
22 . 5
22 . 4
24 . 5
26.5
28 . 6
23. 6
26.0
22 . 0
21.7
25. 9
25. 6
28 . 9
27 . 0
24 . 6
22.2
21.3
26.9
25. 0
29.1
27 . 9
23. 8
21.5
24 . 0
25. 6
23. 9
22 . 6
21.1
23.7
23. 9
22 . 6
22 . 4
19.5
22 . 4
25.7
22 . 6
24 . 6
22 . 8
19. 8
20.3
22 . 7
25.5
24 . 3
23. 9
19. 6
19.7
22 . 9
25.4
25.3
23. 8
19. 6
20.2
23.2
22 . 7
25. 1
23.3
24 . 9
22 . 6
27 . 4
24 . 0
22 . 0
24 . 9
20.2
27 . 6
22 . 5
24 . 1
21.3
26.3
22.2
23. 6
21.8
19.4
23.4
22 . 4
23.5
20.5
20.1
23.4
21.7
21.8
19.7
20.3
22 . 5
22 . 3
20.5
22 . 4
20.7
26.7
22 . 3
20.6
27 . 5
22 . 8
20.7
27 . 0
21.1
19.7
28 . 0
22.2
20.8
26.3
22.2
19.3
28 . 4
23.3
20.6
24 . 8
22 . 0
20.1
28 . 1
23.5
21.2
24 . 7
21.9
19. 9
28.2
30. 6
21.9
23.5
21.6
26.1
20.1
20.2
26.1
30. 6
22 . 1
23.5
20.8
13. 8
14 . 7
15.3
16.4
16.7
20.1
21.8
21.
23.
22 .
23.
23. 0
23. 0
23.
22 .
22 .
23.
23. 0
24 . 6
24 . 4
24 . 4
22 . 8
23.7
23. 1
22 . 6
22 . 4
21.7
21.5
23.2
22 . 1
22.2
22 . 5
22 . 7
23.4
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
L-2
September 2008
-------
Table L-3 MY1975 to MY2008 Cars and Wagons Adjusted Composite Fuel Economy by Marketing Group
YEAR
GM
Ford Chrysler Toyota Honda
Nissan
HK
VW
BMW
All
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
12 . 9
12 . 1
13.2
18 . 8
26.7
21.4
22 . 6
14 . 7
13.5
14 . 1
14 . 3
14.2
21.3
27 . 8
22 . 9
23.4
15. 6
14 . 9
15. 1
14 . 3
14 . 0
24 . 5
30.2
23. 1
24 . 6
16.9
15. 6
16.2
16.1
16.1
22 . 8
28 . 6
22 . 8
23.2
16.4
16.9
16.3
16.6
17 . 7
20.5
24 . 7
22 . 8
24 . 4
16.7
17.2
18 . 7
19.4
19.2
23.3
24 . 8
26.6
26.6
21.3
20.0
19. 8
20.4
22.2
26.3
26.2
25. 9
29.2
21.8
21.4
20.7
21.3
23. 0
25. 9
28 . 4
26.1
28 . 0
21.6
22.2
20.1
20.8
24 . 0
27 . 7
30. 0
27 . 9
25. 6
21.6
22 . 1
20.9
21.8
24.2
28 . 0
29.9
27.2
24.2
23. 0
22 . 4
21.8
22 . 3
24 . 0
28 . 0
28 . 8
25. 1
25. 1
21.7
23. 0
23. 0
22 . 8
24.2
27 . 3
28 . 5
25.4
29.5
24 . 6
21.2
23.7
23. 1
22 . 7
23.4
27 . 8
27 . 7
24 . 8
29.0
24 . 0
20.3
23. 8
23. 8
22 . 9
24 . 0
27 . 5
26.7
25.7
28 . 7
25. 0
18 . 0
24 . 1
23.2
22 . 8
23. 6
26.6
26.2
25.3
27 . 7
24 . 8
18.2
23.7
23. 0
22 . 4
23. 0
25.4
25.4
23. 8
27 . 6
23. 8
18 . 3
23.3
22 . 8
23. 0
22 . 9
25.4
25.2
24.2
27.2
24 . 3
19. 1
23.4
22 . 4
22 . 6
23. 0
24 . 0
25.7
24 . 9
25. 8
23. 9
19. 9
23. 1
22 . 8
23.3
23. 1
24 . 0
26.5
24.2
25. 6
22.2
20.8
23.5
22 . 9
22 . 8
21.8
24 . 0
26.4
24 . 6
26.9
23. 0
20.7
23.3
22 . 7
23. 1
23.3
24 . 7
26.8
24 . 1
25.4
23.2
20.8
23.4
ro
CO
22 . 1
22 . 5
24.2
26.0
24 . 8
25. 9
22 . 9
22 . 3
23.3
23.2
22 . 4
22 . 4
24 . 3
26.1
24.2
25.3
23. 1
21.0
23.4
22 . 7
22 . 6
23.3
24 . 6
25. 9
24 . 6
24 . 9
23.2
20.7
23.4
22 . 5
22 . 4
22.2
24 . 6
25. 0
24 . 1
24 . 8
22 . 8
20.6
23. 0
22 . 6
22 . 1
22 . 5
24 . 7
25. 0
22 . 7
24 . 3
22 . 9
20.2
22 . 9
22 . 9
21.9
22 . 3
25. 1
25. 8
22 . 8
24 . 8
22 . 5
20.2
23. 0
23. 1
22 . 0
21.7
24 . 6
25.5
23.2
24 . 4
23. 1
21.1
23. 1
23. 1
21.7
22.2
25. 8
26.1
22 . 3
24 . 1
23.3
21.5
23.2
23.4
21.1
21.9
25. 9
26.0
22 . 5
23.3
22 . 6
21.2
23. 1
23.3
21.9
21.2
27.2
26.0
23.3
23. 8
22 . 7
21.6
23.5
22 . 9
21.9
20.4
27 . 0
26.5
23. 0
24 . 4
23. 6
21.7
23.3
23. 1
22 . 6
21.0
27 . 3
26.7
24 . 9
25. 6
22 . 8
21.9
24 . 1
23. 0
21.9
21.2
27 . 7
26.8
25.2
25. 0
22 . 6
21.9
24 . 1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
L-3
September 2008
-------
Table L-4
MY1975 to MY2008 Vans Adjusted Composite Fuel Economy by Marketing Group
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
GM Ford Chrysler Toyota Honda Nissan HK VW BMW All
12.2
10.7
10.7
17 . 5
17 . 6
11. 1
11. 9
11.4
12 . 1
17 . 0
11. 8
12 . 7
13.2
11.7
18 . 9
12 . 5
11. 9
12 . 8
11.4
17 . 0
12 . 1
12 . 4
10.3
11.7
16.0
11.5
14.2
13. 8
14 . 1
16.2
14 . 1
15.3
14 . 3
14 . 8
15. 8
14 . 8
15.2
13. 8
15. 0
18 . 4
14 . 7
16.0
13. 8
15.3
16.4
15. 1
15.5
14 . 1
17.2
22 . 9
17 . 6
16.1
15. 9
13. 8
17 . 8
22 . 6
18 . 1
16.5
16.4
16.7
18 . 6
22.2
16.2
17 . 5
16.8
16.6
18 . 9
21.5
18 . 9
15.9
17 . 7
17 . 1
16.4
19.4
21.6
18 . 8
16.7
17 . 9
17 . 0
16.9
19. 0
21.5
18 . 6
17.4
17 . 8
17 . 4
16.4
19.3
21.3
17 .2
17 . 8
17 . 4
16.7
19. 0
19. 1
21.7
17 . 3
17 . 9
17 . 4
16.6
18 . 9
18 . 6
21.3
17 . 9
17 . 3
17 . 4
19. 6
18 . 1
18 . 1
17 . 4
18.2
17 . 5
16.7
18 . 5
18.2
18 . 8
16.6
17 . 8
17 . 1
18 . 0
19. 0
18 . 6
20.9
19. 0
16.1
18 . 1
17 . 7
17 . 7
18 . 8
18 . 4
23.3
18 . 9
18 . 3
I—1
CO
o
17 . 1
18 . 7
18.2
20.2
18 . 6
15.3
18.2
18.2
18 . 3
19.2
19. 8
21.9
18 . 6
18 . 7
I—1
CO
o
17.2
18 . 8
19.7
19. 8
19. 0
15.7
18 . 3
I—1
CO
o
17 . 8
19. 1
19. 6
19. 6
18 . 7
15. 6
18 . 6
18 . 7
15.2
19. 0
20.0
19. 6
18 . 4
16.7
18 . 0
18.2
17 . 9
19.3
19.9
19.7
18 . 4
16.2
16.8
18 . 7
18 . 8
18 . 1
19.7
19.9
19.7
16.2
16.7
19. 0
18 . 6
17 . 6
19. 8
20.5
19. 6
19. 9
17 . 3
19.2
18.2
18 . 8
19. 6
19.9
21.0
19. 9
17 . 3
19.3
18 . 4
18.2
19.7
20.0
21.0
20.1
19.2
19.5
18.2
19.5
19. 6
20.8
19. 9
19.7
19.2
19. 6
16.8
19.4
19. 8
20.7
20.5
19.7
19.2
19.7
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
L-4
September 2008
-------
Table L-5 MY1975 to MY2008 SUVs Adjusted Composite Fuel Economy by Marketing Group
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
GM Ford Chrysler Toyota Honda Nissan HK VW BMW All
11. 0
11.7
12 . 8
12 . 3
10. 6
13.2
14 . 3
15. 0
16.2
16.4
16.9
17.2
17 . 5
17.2
16.8
16.6
17 . 0
16.6
16.5
16.4
16.2
16.5
16.5
16.5
16.4
16.3
16.9
16.7
16.8
16.9
17 . 3
17 . 7
18.2
18 . 7
10. 0
9.0
12 . 5
10.2
11.1
11. 6
12 . 7
9.3
12 . 5
12 . 3
13.5
11. 6
11. 9
11.2
13.3
10. 9
9.5
9.3
13. 1
11.7
12 . 4
11. 8
14 . 3
11.7
13.7
12 . 8
15.7
12.2
16.4
12 . 5
15. 8
12 . 1
17 . 7
13. 0
15. 6
12 . 0
17 . 5
15. 6
15.5
14 . 7
17 . 7
16.0
15. 6
18 . 0
16.8
16.8
16.4
19. 8
16.9
17 . 3
16.8
19. 1
15.7
16.8
16.9
16.3
17 . 0
15. 6
17.2
16.1
16.2
16.5
15. 9
16.7
15.7
16.7
16.3
16.3
17 . 5
16.8
16.3
15.4
16.3
16.6
16.7
16.6
14.2
16.3
16.8
16.8
16.3
14 . 4
16.1
16.6
16.6
16.0
14 . 4
16.6
15.4
16.4
16.1
16.0
15.3
15.7
20.0
16.7
16.2
16.0
18 . 5
16.0
16.3
19. 1
16.2
15.4
16.4
18 . 6
20.0
16.1
19.3
17 . 0
15.4
15.7
18 . 6
20.5
15. 9
19.7
16.5
15.4
15.7
18 . 3
20.6
15. 9
19.7
16.2
15.4
15.7
18 . 0
20.8
15. 9
18 . 8
14 . 3
15. 9
17 . 3
15.7
18 . 1
20.2
16.0
19.2
15. 6
16.2
16.3
15. 8
18 . 1
21.0
16.0
19.3
16.3
16.0
15. 9
16.7
17 . 9
20.0
17 . 5
18.2
14 . 7
16.2
16.2
15. 9
16.5
18 . 3
19.7
16.4
18 . 3
15.2
17 . 4
16.7
17 . 1
16.1
18 . 6
19.5
17.2
18 . 8
15.5
17.2
17 . 4
16.9
16.1
19.6
19. 8
17.2
18 . 9
15.5
17.2
17 . 1
17 . 9
17.2
19.6
20.5
17 . 9
20.0
15. 8
18 . 9
17 . 8
18 . 8
18.2
19.5
20.4
18 . 1
19. 8
16.1
18 . 5
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
L-5
September 2008
-------
Table L-6 MY1975 to MY2008 Pickups Adjusted Composite Fuel Economy by Marketing Group
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
GM Ford Chrysler Toyota Honda Nissan HK VW BMW All
11. 9
12 . 4
13. 6
13.3
13.2
26.7 16.5
31.4 17.9
33.3 18.5
27.9 18.9
18 . 3
18.2
18 . 9
19. 0
18 . 1
17 . 8
17 . 4
18.2
17 . 5
17 . 6
17 . 4
16.9
17 . 1
16.8
17 . 0
16.3
16.6
15. 9
15.7
16.1
15.7
15. 8
16.1
16.2
16.3
12.2
10.7
11. 1
18.2
20.1
12 . 4
11. 8
11. 9
18 . 9
20.9
12 . 9
13. 6
12 . 3
23. 1
21.3
12 . 5
13. 6
12 . 3
20.9
21.7
12 . 9
12 . 7
12 . 7
16.6
19.7
15.7
15.4
16.8
18 . 3
21.3
17 . 0
16.7
16.9
22 . 5
23. 6
18 . 6
16.0
18 . 1
21.8
23. 6
18.2
17 . 9
19. 9
21.7
23.3
17 . 6
17 . 8
16.5
21.4
22 . 3
17 . 4
17 . 3
15. 8
23. 0
21.8
17 . 7
18 . 4
17 . 1
22 . 4
20.9
18 . 1
18 . 6
17 . 9
22 . 4
21.2
17.2
18.2
17 . 5
21.1
20.8
17 . 3
17 . 7
16.8
19. 6
20.8
16.1
17 . 8
16.1
19.3
22 . 6
17 . 9
17 . 9
15. 8
19.7
22 . 4
17 . 0
17 . 4
16.1
19. 6
22.2
16.8
17 . 7
15. 8
19. 6
21.8
16.6
18 . 0
15. 6
20.0
21.0
16.7
17 . 0
14 . 7
19. 1
20.4
17 . 6
17 . 6
14 . 4
19.2
20.5
16.9
17 . 4
14 . 7
16.6
20.2
17 . 3
17.2
14 . 9
19.2
20.6
16.2
16.7
14 . 6
18 . 7
18 . 8
16.9
16.8
15. 1
16.7
17 . 6
16.5
16.1
14 . 3
17 . 0
17 . 9
15.4
16.3
14 . 6
16.7
17 . 6
16.2
16.2
14 . 7
16.8
17 . 9
16.1
15. 6
14 . 5
16.5
18 . 5
16.4
15.4
14 . 7
17.2
15.7
16.6
15.3
15.4
17.2
17.2
15. 9
16.4
15.7
15. 6
17 . 0
17.2
16.2
16.9
15. 8
15.7
16.7
17.2
15. 1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
L-6
September 2008
-------
Table L-7 MY1975 to MY2008 Trucks Adjusted Composite Fuel Economy by Marketing Group
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
GM Ford Chrysler Toyota Honda Nissan HK VW BMW All
11. 6
12.2
13.3
12 . 9
12 . 5
15. 8
17 . 1
17 . 4
17 . 8
17 . 4
17 . 5
18.2
18 . 3
17 . 9
17 . 6
17 . 4
17 . 8
17 . 4
17 . 5
17.2
17 . 0
17.2
17 . 0
17 . 1
16.7
16.9
16.7
16.7
16.9
16.7
17.2
17 . 5
17 . 7
18 . 1
12 . 0
10.7
11.2
16.1
20.1
17 . 6
12.2
11.7
12.2
16.0
20.9
17 . 0
12 . 8
13.5
12 . 3
19.5
21.3
18 . 9
12 . 3
13.2
12 . 3
18 . 1
21.7
17 . 0
12 . 3
12 . 0
12 . 5
16.4
19.7
16.0
15.2
14 . 9
15.4
18.2
21.3
21.5
16.5
16.0
16.0
22 . 3
23. 6
25. 1
17 . 9
15.2
16.6
21.4
23. 6
23. 6
17 . 6
16.8
17 . 6
21.2
23.3
17 . 3
17.2
16.9
16.5
21.2
22 . 3
17 . 6
17.2
16.4
16.7
22 . 5
21.8
18 . 1
17 . 1
17 . 8
17 . 6
22 . 1
20.9
16.2
17 . 4
17 . 9
18 . 0
21.8
19. 9
15. 9
17 . 1
17 . 6
18 . 0
20.5
19. 1
16.7
17.2
17.2
17 . 7
19.4
19. 9
17 . 4
16.6
17.2
18 . 0
18.2
21.1
17.2
17 . 7
17 . 3
17 . 6
18 . 6
20.6
17 . 3
17 . 0
17 . 0
17 . 8
18 . 1
19. 9
16.9
17 . 4
17 . 7
18 . 3
19. 6
17 . 4
16.8
17 . 4
17 . 0
18 . 1
16.6
18 . 9
16.6
16.7
17 . 1
16.6
17 . 4
20.9
18 . 4
20.0
16.1
17.2
17.2
16.7
18 . 9
18 . 5
18 . 7
19. 1
16.8
16.6
16.7
18 . 4
20.0
18.2
19.3
15.3
17 . 4
16.7
16.5
19. 0
20.6
18.2
19.7
16.6
16.3
16.3
18 . 6
20.4
17 . 3
19.7
15.7
16.9
16.4
16.7
17 . 8
20.2
16.9
18 . 8
15. 6
14 . 3
16.5
16.4
15. 9
17 . 9
20.0
16.7
19.2
16.7
15. 6
16.1
16.5
16.2
17 . 8
20.4
16.6
18 . 3
16.8
16.3
16.4
16.2
16.8
17 . 6
19. 9
17 . 6
17 . 6
16.2
16.2
16.3
15. 9
16.0
18.2
19.7
17 . 1
18 . 1
15.2
17 . 4
16.7
16.5
16.9
18 . 4
19. 9
16.9
18 . 4
15.5
17.2
17 . 1
16.3
16.9
18 . 8
19. 8
16.9
18 . 9
15.5
17.2
16.9
16.9
17 . 4
18 . 8
20.0
17 . 5
19. 8
15. 8
18 . 9
17 . 4
17 . 5
18 . 0
18 . 8
20.1
17 . 3
19.7
16.1
18 . 5
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
L-7
September 2008
-------
Table L-8
MY1975 to MY2008 All Adjusted Composite Fuel Economy by Marketing Group
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
GM
12 . 7
13.7
14
15
15
18
19
20
19
20.0
Ford Chrysler Toyota Honda
Nissan
HK
VW
BMW
20.
21.
21.
21.
20.
20.
20.
20.
20.
20.0
19. 8
20.
20.
20.
19.
19.
19.
18 . 8
18 . 7
18 .
19.
19.
19.
19.
, 9
,2
. 6
.2
. 6
11.7
12 . 8
18 . 4
26.7
21.1
22 . 6
14 . 7
13.5
13.7
20.5
27 . 8
22 . 4
23.4
15. 6
14 . 1
13. 6
23. 6
30.2
22 . 7
24 . 6
16. 9
15.2
14 . 9
21.9
28 . 6
22 . 6
23. 1
16. 4
15. 0
15. 8
19.5
24 . 7
22 . 3
23. 9
16. 7
18 . 0
18.2
22 . 1
24 . 8
25.4
26.0
21.3
18 . 9
20.8
25.4
26.2
25.5
28 . 6
21.8
19.4
20.9
24 . 8
28 . 4
25.5
27.4
21.6
19.2
22 . 0
26.0
30. 0
27 . 0
24.5
21.6
19. 9
21.0
25.2
29.9
26.0
23.6
23. 0
20.3
20.8
25. 6
28 . 8
24 . 1
24.5
21.7
20.7
21.0
24 . 9
28 . 5
23.3
29.5
24.2
21.2
20.7
20.8
25.3
27 . 7
23.5
29.0
23.5
20.3
20.8
20.8
24 . 9
26.7
23. 6
28 . 7
24 . 8
18 . 0
20.6
20.2
24.2
26.2
23. 8
27 . 7
24 . 6
18.2
20.2
20.1
23.2
25.4
23. 0
27 . 6
23.4
18 . 3
20.5
20.1
22 . 9
25.2
23. 0
27.2
23. 9
19. 1
19. 9
19.7
22.2
25.7
23.5
25. 8
23. 9
19. 9
20.6
19. 6
22 . 1
26.5
22 . 5
25. 6
21.3
20.8
20.0
18 . 4
21.7
25. 9
22 . 5
26.9
23. 0
20.7
20.2
19. 0
22.2
26.5
21.5
24 . 9
23. 1
20.8
19.5
18 . 3
22 . 4
25.4
22 . 7
25.3
22 . 9
22 . 3
19. 0
18 . 3
22 . 1
25.2
21.7
24.2
23. 0
21.0
I—1
CO
18 . 0
22 . 3
25. 0
22 . 1
23. 9
23.2
20.7
I—1
CO
CO
17 . 6
22 . 0
23. 9
21.6
23. 8
22 . 7
20.6
I—1
CO
CO
18.2
21.2
23. 8
19.7
23.2
22 . 8
19. 9
18.5
17 . 7
21.3
24 . 0
19.4
23.4
22 . 4
19. 0
18.4
17 . 6
20.9
23. 9
20.1
22 . 3
23. 0
20.1
18 .1
17 . 9
21.6
23.3
20.4
21.7
23.2
20.4
17 . 5
17 . 7
21.2
23. 1
19.4
21.3
21.0
20.2
18 . 5
18.2
22 . 7
23. 1
20.1
21.2
21.2
20.2
18 . 4
18 . 1
22 . 4
23. 0
20.0
22 . 3
22 . 7
20.8
19.3
18 . 4
23.3
23.3
21.3
22 . 9
21.6
21.3
19. 0
18 . 9
23.4
23. 6
21.2
22 . 6
21.0
21.2
All
13. 1
14.2
15. 1
15. 8
15. 9
19.2
20.5
21.1
21.0
21.0
21.3
21.8
22 . 0
21.
21.
21.
21.
20.8
20.9
20.4
20.5
20.4
20.1
20.1
19.7
19. 8
19. 6
19.
19.
19.
19.
20.1
20.6
20.8
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
L-8
September 2008
-------
Table L-9 MY1975 to MY2008 Cars LAB 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group
YEAR
GM
Ford Chrysler Toyota Honda
Nissan
HK
VW
BMW
All
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
15. 1
14.2
15.4
21.2
31.4
25.2
26.4
17.2
15. 8
16.7
16.9
16.6
25. 0
32 . 9
26.8
27.5
18 . 4
17 . 5
17 . 8
16.9
16.4
28 . 8
36.2
27.2
28 . 8
19. 8
18 . 4
19. 1
18 . 9
19.2
27 . 0
34 . 0
27 . 0
27.2
19.2
20.0
19.3
19.4
21.1
23. 9
29.0
26.6
28 . 6
19.5
20.3
22 . 0
22 . 7
22 . 9
27 . 4
28 . 9
31. 1
30.8
25. 0
23.5
23.3
23.7
26.2
31. 1
30. 6
30.4
34 . 1
25. 6
25. 1
24 . 4
24 . 9
26.9
30.5
33.2
30.5
32 . 9
25.4
26.1
23. 6
24 . 1
28 . 3
31.7
35.2
32 . 5
30. 0
25.3
25.7
24 . 4
25.5
28 . 4
32 . 8
35. 1
31. 6
28 . 5
27 . 0
26.3
25. 6
26.1
28.2
32 . 1
33.7
29.4
29.6
25.4
26.9
27 . 1
26.7
28 . 7
32 . 3
33.5
30.2
34 . 9
29.1
25. 0
28 . 0
27 . 3
26.7
27 . 7
33. 0
32 . 8
29.4
34 . 5
28 . 4
23. 9
28.2
28.2
27 . 1
28 . 4
32 . 7
31. 8
30.7
34 . 3
29.6
21.2
28 . 6
27 . 5
27 . 1
28 . 0
31. 9
31.2
30.2
33. 1
29.6
21.6
28.2
27 . 3
26.7
27 . 4
30.4
30.3
28 . 3
33. 1
28 . 4
21.7
27 . 8
27.2
27 . 4
27 . 5
30. 6
30.4
29.0
32 . 7
29.1
22 . 7
28 . 0
26.7
27 . 0
27 . 7
28 . 9
31. 0
29.9
31.2
28 . 8
23. 8
27 . 6
27 . 3
27 . 7
27 . 9
28 . 9
32.2
29.1
31. 1
26.7
24 . 9
28 . 1
27 . 5
27 . 1
26.2
29.0
32 . 1
29.8
32 . 7
27 . 9
24 . 9
28 . 0
27 . 3
27 . 6
28.2
30. 0
32 . 9
29.2
30. 9
28 . 3
25. 1
28 . 3
27 . 8
26.6
27.2
29.5
31. 9
30.2
31. 8
27 . 9
27 . 0
28 . 3
ro
CO
27 . 0
27.2
29.8
32.2
29.6
31. 0
28 . 3
25.4
28 . 4
27 . 5
27 . 5
28 . 3
30.2
32 . 0
30.2
30.7
28 . 5
25. 1
28 . 5
27 . 4
27 . 4
27 . 0
30.4
30. 9
29.6
30. 6
28 . 0
25.2
28.2
27 . 6
27 . 1
27 . 6
30.5
31. 0
28 . 0
30. 0
28 . 5
24 . 6
28.2
28 . 1
26.9
27 . 7
31.3
32.2
28 . 3
30.7
28.2
24 . 7
28 . 5
28 . 5
27.2
27 . 3
30.7
32 . 0
28 . 9
30.3
28 . 8
26.0
28 . 8
28 . 4
26.9
28 . 6
32.2
32 . 7
27 . 9
30. 1
29.2
26.6
28 . 9
28 . 9
26.2
28 . 8
32 . 4
32 . 7
28.2
29.1
28 . 3
26.2
29.0
28 . 8
27 . 4
28.2
34 . 5
32 . 9
29.4
29.9
28 . 3
26.9
29.7
28 . 3
27 . 4
25. 6
34.2
33.5
29.1
30. 6
29.6
27 . 0
29.3
28 . 6
28 . 3
27 . 1
34 . 9
33.4
31. 6
32 . 7
28 . 3
27 . 3
30.4
28.2
27 . 4
27 . 1
35. 6
33.4
32 . 0
31.7
28.2
27 . 3
30.4
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
L-9
September 2008
-------
Table L-10 MY1975 to MY2008 Wagons LAB 55/45
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
GM
14 . 6
15. 6
16.9
17 . 9
17 . 8
20.2
21.1
21.7
22 . 8
24.2
24 . 4
25.4
25.7
26.5
26.0
26.3
25.5
25. 1
26.7
27.2
27 . 6
28 . 0
33.5
33. 9
32 . 4
28 . 8
28 . 9
27 . 8
34 . 0
34 . 6
33.7
31.5
31.3
33.2
Ford
14 . 1
16.5
16.4
18 . 6
19. 9
23. 0
25.4
25.4
25. 8
26.1
26.8
27 . 3
26.7
26.5
25. 8
25.3
28 . 6
28 . 3
31. 0
30. 8
30. 8
27 . 5
29.2
27 . 5
27.2
27 . 6
26.9
27 . 8
27 . 9
26.3
27 . 9
27 . 8
27 . 6
25. 0
Chrysler
15. 9
17 . 0
16.6
17 . 7
18 . 3
19.3
25. 1
27.2
27 . 4
28 . 1
27 . 0
26.7
26.8
29.1
31. 0
32 . 5
27 . 4
27 . 0
25.4
25. 6
24 . 6
24 . 1
25.2
24 . 8
25.2
Toyota
22 . 8
24 . 6
27 . 8
25.5
24 . 9
27 . 4
29.1
29.3
34 . 8
33. 9
35. 1
32 . 1
32 . 6
31.5
30. 6
29.9
30. 8
28 . 9
29.7
29.5
30. 8
30. 6
35.2
36.1
37 . 0
36.5
36.5
33. 5
Honda
29.4
31. 9
31.5
29.9
32 . 5
33.7
36.7
36.7
36.1
34 . 8
34 . 6
34.2
34.2
34 . 7
35.2
28 . 7
27 . 1
27 . 6
29.0
29.0
28 . 5
27.2
39. 8
39. 9
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
L-10
Economy by Marketing Group
Tissan
HK
VW
BMW
All
20.9
27.2
16.1
27 . 4
27 . 9
17 . 3
27 . 1
28 . 7
18 . 0
25.5
25.7
19.2
27 . 9
25. 0
19.7
32.2
40.1
23. 6
31.4
40.6
25. 6
32 . 0
29.8
25.3
34 . 6
30.6
27.2
35. 1
24 . 8
26.4
CO
o
o
25.9
27 . 5
28.2
22 . 8
27 . 1
27 . 8
26.7
27.2
ro
CO
o
31. 0
27 . 6
32 . 3
29.3
26.9
33.5
28 . 3
26.7
26.9
28 . 0
26.7
23.2
27 . 5
23.7
24 . 3
29.6
23. 6
23.5
29.4
23.7
24 . 4
29.6
30.2
27 . 6
27 . 7
30.4
24 . 6
28 . 9
29.5
25. 9
28 . 3
28 . 9
26.5
23. 6
27 . 7
28 . 9
25. 0
24 . 5
27 . 7
24.2
24 . 9
26.9
27 . 7
25.5
26.7
28 . 4
25. 6
29.1
27 . 6
25. 8
27 . 8
29.2
25.7
28 . 0
29.6
26.4
28 . 4
27 . 4
29.5
26.7
28 . 6
27 . 7
29.5
25. 8
29.6
September 2008
-------
Table L-ll MY1975 to MY2008 Cars and Wagons LAB
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
GM
15. 1
16.6
17 . 7
19. 0
19. 1
21.9
23.2
24.2
23.5
24 . 4
25.5
27 . 0
27.2
28 . 1
27 . 4
27 . 3
27 . 1
26.6
27 . 3
27 . 5
27 . 3
27 . 8
28 . 1
27 . 6
27 . 4
27 . 6
28 . 1
28 . 5
28 . 6
29.1
29.0
28 . 6
28 . 8
28 . 7
Ford
14.2
16.8
16.8
18 . 9
19.5
22 . 7
23. 9
24 . 9
24 . 3
25. 6
26.2
26.8
26.7
27 . 0
27 . 0
26.6
27 . 5
27 . 1
28 . 0
27 . 4
27 . 9
26.7
27.2
27 . 5
27 . 4
27.2
26.9
27.2
26.9
26.2
27 . 4
27 . 4
28 . 3
27 . 3
Chrysler
15.5
16.6
16.4
18 . 9
20.8
22 . 6
26.1
27 . 0
28.2
28 . 4
28 . 1
28 . 6
27 . 7
28 . 5
28 . 0
27 . 4
27 . 5
27 . 7
27 . 9
26.2
28.2
27.2
27.2
28 . 3
27 . 0
27 . 6
27 . 5
26.9
27 . 7
27 . 4
26.6
25.5
26.3
26.5
Toyota
22 . 0
25. 0
28 . 7
26.8
24 . 0
27 . 4
30. 9
30.4
32 . 6
32 . 9
32 . 8
32 . 3
32 . 9
32 . 7
31. 8
30.4
30. 6
28 . 9
29.0
29.1
30. 0
29.5
29.8
30.2
30.4
30.5
31.3
30.7
32 . 4
32 . 7
34 . 7
34 . 5
34 . 9
35.5
Honda
31.4
32 . 6
35.5
33.7
29.0
29.2
30. 8
33.4
35.3
35.2
33. 8
33. 6
32 . 8
31. 8
31.3
30.4
30.3
30. 9
32.2
32 . 1
32 . 8
31. 8
32 . 1
32 . 0
30. 9
31. 0
32.2
32 . 0
32 . 7
32 . 7
32 . 9
33.5
33. 9
33. 8
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
L-ll
Fuel Economy by Marketing Group
Nissan HK
25. 0
26.9
27.2
26.8
26.8
31.2
30.5
30.7
32 . 7
31. 9
29.5
29.9 34.9
29.3 34.5
30.6 34.3
30.2 33.1
28.4 33.1
29.0 32.7
29.9 31.2
29.1 31.1
29.8 32.7
29.2 30.9
30.2 31.7
29.6 30.9
30.2 30.6
29.6 30.5
28.0 29.9
28.3 30.7
28.9 30.3
27.9 30.1
28.2 29.1
29.4 29.9
29.1 30.6
31.6 32.4
32.0 31.5
BMW All
17.2 15.8
18.4 17.5
19.8 18.3
19.2 19.9
19.5 20.3
25.0 23.5
25.6 25.1
25.4 26.0
25.3 25.9
27.0 26.3
25.4 27.0
25.0 27.9
23.9 28.1
21.2 28.6
21.6 28.1
21.7 27.8
22.7 28.0
23.8 27.6
24.9 28.2
24.9 28.0
25.1 28.3
27.0 28.3
25.4 28.4
25.1 28.5
25.1 28.2
24.6 28.2
24.7 28.4
26.0 28.6
26.5 28.9
26.2 28.9
26.9 29.5
27.0 29.2
27.2 30.3
27.2 30.3
VW
26.5
27.5
28 . 8
27.2
28 . 6
31.2
34.2
32 . 8
30. 0
28 . 4
29.5
29.0
28 . 4
29.7
29.6
28 . 4
29.1
28 . 7
26.6
27 . 8
28.2
27 . 8
28 . 1
28 . 4
27 . 9
28.2
27 . 8
28 . 7
29.1
28.2
28 . 4
29.6
28 . 4
28 . 3
September 2008
-------
Table L-12
MY1975 to MY2008 Vans LAB 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
GM Ford Chrysler Toyota Honda Nissan HK VW BMW All
13. 1
13. 9
14 . 7
14.2
13.5
16.6
17 . 5
17 . 3
17 . 7
18 . 9
19.5
20.6
20.9
21.2
21.1
21.2
21.4
21.5
21.9
21.5
21.8
22.2
22 . 1
22 . 7
22 . 3
22 . 8
22 . 1
23. 0
23.5
23.7
24 . 0
24 . 3
24 . 3
24 . 5
14 . 4
12 . 6
12 . 6
20.5
20.7
14 . 0
13.4
14.2
19. 9
15. 0
15.5
13. 8
22.2
14 . 1
15. 0
13.4
20.0
14 . 7
12 . 1
13. 8
18 . 7
16.7
16.2
16.6
19. 0
18 . 0
16.8
17 . 4
18 . 5
17 . 9
16.2
17 . 7
21.7
18 . 9
16.3
18 . 0
19.3
18.2
16.6
20.2
27 . 0
20.7
18 . 7
16.2
21.0
26.6
21.3
19.4
19.7
22 . 0
26.3
19.2
19. 8
19. 6
22 . 3
25.5
22 . 4
18 . 9
20.2
19.4
23. 0
25. 8
22 . 3
19.9
20.2
20.0
22 . 6
25. 9
22.2
20.8
20.7
19.5
23. 0
25.4
20.8
20.8
19. 9
22 . 8
22 . 9
26.0
20.9
20.8
19. 9
22 . 7
22 . 3
25. 6
20.7
20.9
23. 6
21.9
21.8
21.0
21.0
20.0
22 . 4
22 . 0
22 . 7
20.1
20.6
21.6
23. 0
22 . 6
25.5
23. 0
19. 6
21.5
21.4
22 . 8
22 . 4
28 . 5
22 . 9
21.9
20.7
22 . 7
22 . 3
24 . 9
22 . 6
18 . 5
22.2
22 . 3
23.3
24.2
27 . 0
22 . 7
22 . 0
20.9
23. 0
24 . 1
24 . 1
23. 1
19. 1
22 . 1
21.8
23.4
24 . 1
23. 9
22 . 8
19. 0
22 . 9
18 . 5
23.4
24.7
24 . 0
22 . 6
20.7
22 . 3
22 . 1
23. 8
24.7
24.2
22 . 6
20.0
20.9
23.2
22 . 4
24 . 5
24.7
24.2
20.0
20.9
23. 1
21.8
24 . 5
25.4
24.2
24 . 6
21.1
22 . 6
23.5
24 . 3
24.7
26.0
24 . 7
21.3
22 . 9
22 . 7
24 . 4
24 . 8
26.1
24 . 9
23. 8
22 . 6
24 . 3
24 . 3
26.1
24 . 7
24 . 5
23. 8
20.9
24 . 1
24 . 6
26.0
25.3
24 . 5
23. 8
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
L-12
September 2008
-------
Table L-13
MY1975 to MY2008 SUVs LAB 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
GM Ford Chrysler Toyota Honda Nissan HK VW BMW All
13. 0
13. 8
15. 1
14 . 4
12 . 6
15.5
16.8
17 . 6
19. 1
19.3
19. 8
20.2
20.6
20.4
20.0
19. 8
20.3
19. 9
19. 9
19.7
19. 6
20.0
20.1
20.1
20.1
20.1
20.8
20.6
20.8
20.9
21.6
22 . 1
22 . 7
23.3
11. 8
10. 6
14 . 6
12 . 0
13. 1
13.7
15. 0
10. 9
14 . 7
14 . 5
15. 8
13. 6
14 . 0
13.2
15. 6
12 . 7
11.3
11. 0
15.4
13. 8
14 . 5
14 . 0
16.8
13. 8
16.2
15. 1
18 . 4
14 . 3
19.3
14 . 8
18 . 5
14.2
20.7
15.3
18 . 4
14 . 1
20.5
18 . 3
18 . 3
17 . 3
20.7
18 . 8
18 . 3
21.1
19.7
19. 8
19.3
23.3
19. 9
20.4
19. 9
22 . 7
18 . 7
19. 9
20.1
19.3
20.3
18 . 5
20.4
19.2
19.3
19.7
19. 0
19. 9
18 . 6
19. 9
19.5
19.5
21.0
20.1
19.5
18 . 5
19.5
19. 9
20.0
19. 9
17 . 0
19. 6
20.1
20.1
19.5
17 . 4
19.4
20.0
20.0
19.3
17 . 4
20.2
18 . 6
19. 8
19.4
19.3
18 . 5
19. 1
24 . 3
20.2
19.5
19.3
22 . 7
19.4
19. 8
23.4
19.7
18 . 7
19. 9
22 . 9
24 . 7
19. 6
23.7
20.7
18 . 7
19. 1
22 . 9
25.4
19.5
24 . 4
20.2
18 . 7
19. 1
22 . 7
25.7
19.5
24 . 4
19. 9
18 . 8
19.2
22 . 4
26.0
19. 6
23.5
17 . 5
19.7
21.2
19.2
22 . 5
25.3
19. 8
23. 8
19.2
19. 9
20.1
19.5
22 . 6
26.3
19. 9
24 . 0
20.1
19.7
19.5
20.7
22 . 4
25. 0
21.8
22 . 6
18 . 0
20.0
20.0
19. 6
20.4
22 . 9
24 . 7
20.3
22 . 9
18 . 7
21.5
20.7
21.3
20.0
23.4
24 . 5
21.3
23.4
19. 1
21.3
21.5
21.1
20.0
24 . 9
24 . 9
21.4
23. 6
19. 1
21.2
21.2
22.2
21.5
24 . 8
25.7
22 . 3
25.2
19. 6
23.5
22 . 0
23.4
22 . 9
24 . 7
25.7
22 . 5
24 . 8
19. 8
23. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
L-13
September 2008
-------
Table L-14 MY1975 to MY2008 Pickups LAB 55/45
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
GM Ford Chrysler Toyota Honda
14 . 3
12 . 6
13. 0
21.3
14 . 6
13. 9
14 . 0
22 . 1
15.2
16.0
14 . 5
27.2
14 . 7
15. 9
14 . 5
24 . 6
15.2
14 . 8
15. 0
19.5
18 . 5
18.2
19. 8
21.5
20.0
19. 6
19. 9
26.5
21.9
18 . 9
21.2
25. 6
21.3
21.1
23.4
25.5
20.7
21.0
19.4
25. 1
20.4
20.3
18 . 6
27 . 0
20.8
21.7
20.2
26.4
21.3
22 . 1
21.2
26.6
20.4
21.6
20.8
25. 1
20.5
21.1
19. 9
23.5
19.2
21.3
19. 1
23. 1
21.4
21.4
18 . 8
23. 8
20.3
20.8
19.2
23.7
20.2
21.3
18 . 9
23. 8
20.0
21.7
18 . 8
24 . 3
20.2
20.5
17 . 8
23.3
21.3
21.4
17 . 4
23. 6
20.5
21.2
17 . 7
20.4
21.1
21.0
18 . 0
23.7
CO
20.5
17 . 7
23.2
20.8
20.6
18 . 4
20.8
20.4
19. 9
17 . 3
21.2
19. 1
20.1
17 . 9
20.9
20.1
20.1
18.2
21.0
20.0
19.4
17 . 9
20.6
20.4
19.2
18.2
21.6
20.7
19. 0
19. 0
21.7
20.3
19. 6
19.3
21.3
21.0
19.7
19.4
20.8
21.4
21.4
21.4
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
L-14
Economy by Marketing Group
Nissan HK VW BMW All
23.6 14.0
24.5 14.6
25.0 16.0
25.6 15.7
23.2 15.5
25.1 31.3 19.4
27.7 36.9 21.0
27.8 39.2 21.7
27.4 32.8 22.2
26.2 21.5
25.7 21.4
24.7 22.2
25.1 22.5
24.7 21.5
24.8 21.2
27.1 20.7
26.9 21.7
26.7 20.9
26.4 21.1
25.6 21.0
24.9 20.4
25.2 20.8
24.9 20.4
25.5 20.7
23.3 19.9
21.8 20.5
22.2 19.6
22.0 19.5
22.4 19.9
23.2 19.6
19.4 19.7
19.8 20.1
20.1 20.2
18.6 20.2
September 2008
-------
Table L-15 MY1975 to MY2008 Trucks LAB 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
GM
Ford Chrysler Toyota Honda
Nissan
HK
VW
BMW
14 . 1
12 . 6
13.2
18 . 9
23. 6
20.7
14 . 3
13. 8
14 . 3
18 . 8
24 . 5
19. 9
15. 1
15. 8
14 . 5
22 . 9
25. 0
22.2
14 . 5
15. 6
14 . 4
21.3
25. 6
20.0
14 . 5
14 . 0
14 . 7
19.2
23.2
18 . 7
17 . 9
17 . 5
18.2
21.4
25. 1
25.2
19.4
18 . 9
18 . 8
26.2
27 . 7
29.5
21.0
17 . 9
19.5
25.2
27 . 8
27 . 8
20.7
19.7
20.7
25. 0
27 . 4
20.3
20.2
19. 8
19.4
24 . 9
26.2
20.7
20.2
19.3
19. 6
26.5
25.7
21.3
20.2
21.0
20.7
26.1
24 . 7
19.2
20.5
21.2
21.3
25. 9
23.5
18 . 9
20.2
20.9
21.4
24 . 4
22 . 7
19. 9
20.4
20.5
21.0
23.2
23.7
20.8
19.7
20.4
21.4
21.8
25.3
20.8
21.2
20.7
21.1
22 . 4
24 . 8
20.9
20.3
20.4
21.3
21.9
24 . 0
20.3
20.9
21.2
22 . 1
23.7
21.0
20.2
20.9
20.5
22 . 0
20.2
22 . 9
20.1
20.1
20.7
20.1
21.2
25.5
22 . 4
24 . 3
19. 6
20.8
20.8
20.2
23. 1
22 . 5
22 . 9
23.4
20.4
20.2
20.2
22 . 6
24 . 7
22 . 3
23.7
18 . 5
21.2
20.3
20.0
23.4
25.5
22 . 3
24 . 4
20.3
19. 9
19. 9
23. 0
25.2
21.2
24 . 4
19. 1
20.7
20.1
20.4
22 . 0
25. 0
20.8
23.5
19. 0
17 . 5
20.4
20.2
19.5
22 . 3
24 . 7
20.7
23. 8
20.7
19.2
19. 8
20.3
20.0
22.2
25.3
20.7
22 . 8
20.9
20.1
20.2
20.1
20.9
22 . 0
24 . 8
21.9
21.9
20.2
20.0
20.2
19.7
19. 8
22 . 7
24 . 6
21.2
22 . 5
18 . 7
21.5
20.8
20.6
20.9
23. 1
24 . 9
20.9
22 . 8
19. 1
21.3
21.3
20.3
21.0
23.7
24 . 8
21.0
23. 6
19. 1
21.2
20.9
21.0
21.6
23.7
25. 1
21.8
24 . 9
19. 6
23.5
21.6
21.8
22 . 5
23.7
25. 1
21.5
24 . 6
19. 8
23. 0
All
13.7
14 . 4
15.
15.
14 . 7
18 . 6
20.1
20.
20.
20.
20.
21.
21.
21.
20.
20.7
21.3
20.8
21.0
20.8
20.5
20.8
20.6
20.9
20.5
20.8
20.6
20.6
20.9
20.8
21.4
21.8
22 . 1
22 . 5
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
L-15
September 2008
-------
Table L-16
MY1975 to MY2008 All LAB 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group
YEAR
GM
Ford Chrysler Toyota Honda
Nissan
HK
VW
BMW
All
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
14 . 9
13. 8
15. 0
21.6
31.4
24 . 7
26.4
17.2
15.3
16.1
15. 9
16.1
24 . 0
32 . 6
26.3
27 . 4
18 . 4
16.7
17.2
16.5
16.0
27 . 7
35.5
26.7
28 . 8
19. 8
17 . 7
17 . 9
17 . 8
17 . 5
25.7
33.7
26.5
27 . 1
19.2
18 . 6
18 . 0
17 . 6
18 . 6
22 . 9
29.0
26.2
28 . 0
19.5
18 . 7
21.3
21.2
21.4
25. 9
29.2
29.8
30.5
25. 0
22 . 5
22 . 6
22.2
24 . 5
29.9
30. 8
30. 0
33.5
25. 6
24 . 1
23.5
22 . 7
24 . 5
29.1
33.4
30. 0
32.2
25.4
24 . 7
22 . 9
22 . 5
25. 8
30.5
35.3
31.7
28 . 7
25.3
24 . 6
23.5
23.4
24 . 7
29.7
35.2
30.5
27 . 7
27 . 0
24 . 6
24 . 0
23. 8
24 . 4
30. 0
33. 8
28 . 4
28 . 8
25.4
25. 0
25.2
24 . 4
24 . 8
29.4
33. 6
27 . 5
34 . 9
28 . 5
25. 0
25.7
25.3
24 . 4
24 . 6
30. 0
32 . 8
27 . 8
34 . 5
27 . 8
23. 9
25. 9
25.2
24 . 7
24 . 7
29.6
31. 8
28 . 1
34 . 3
29.5
21.2
25. 9
ro
CO
24 . 5
24 . 1
28 . 9
31.3
28 . 4
33. 1
29.3
21.6
25.4
24 . 5
24 . 1
23. 9
27 . 8
30.4
27 . 5
33. 1
28 . 0
21.7
25.2
ro
CO
24 . 5
24 . 1
27 . 5
30.3
27 . 6
32 . 7
28 . 6
22 . 7
25.4
24.2
23. 9
23.7
26.8
30. 9
28.2
31.2
28 . 7
23. 8
24 . 9
24 . 3
24 . 8
23.5
26.7
32.2
27 . 1
31. 1
25. 6
24 . 9
25. 1
24 . 1
24 . 1
22.2
26.4
31.5
27 . 3
32 . 7
27 . 8
24 . 9
24 . 6
ro
CO
24 . 3
22 . 9
27 . 0
32 . 4
26.1
30.4
28 . 0
25. 1
24 . 7
24 . 7
23. 6
22.2
27 . 4
31. 1
27 . 7
30. 9
27 . 8
27 . 0
24 . 8
24 . 4
23. 1
22.2
27 . 1
31. 0
26.6
29.7
28 . 0
25.4
24 . 5
24 . 5
23. 0
21.9
27 . 4
30. 9
27 . 1
29.4
28 . 4
25. 1
24 . 5
ro
CO
CO
22 . 9
21.5
27. 1
29.6
26.5
29.3
27 . 8
25. 1
24 . 1
24 . 0
23. 0
22 . 3
26.2
29.4
24 . 3
28 . 7
28 . 1
24 . 3
24 . 3
ro
CO
22 . 7
21.7
26.5
29.9
24 . 1
29.0
27 . 7
23.3
24.2
23.2
22 . 7
21.7
26.0
29.8
25. 0
27 . 8
28 . 5
24 . 8
24 . 1
23.2
22 . 4
22 . 3
27 . 1
29.1
25.4
27 . 0
28 . 9
25.2
24 . 3
23.4
21.7
22 . 0
26.6
28 . 9
24 . 1
26.5
26.1
24 . 9
24 . 0
ro
CO
23. 1
22 . 6
28 . 8
29.1
25. 1
26.6
26.5
25. 1
24 . 8
24 . 4
23. 0
22 . 5
28 . 4
28 . 9
25. 0
28 . 0
28 . 4
25. 8
25.2
ro
CO
CO
24 . 1
22 . 9
29.6
29.3
26.8
28 . 8
27 . 0
26.5
25.7
24 . 3
23.7
23. 6
29.7
29.6
26.6
28 . 4
26.2
26.3
26.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
L-16
September 2008
-------
GM
4486
4375
4158
3758
3726
3355
3417
3327
3425
3326
3299
3144
3162
3137
3173
3244
3236
3301
3265
3276
3339
3337
3308
3369
3409
3441
3445
3406
3490
3428
3482
3584
3581
3661
4071
4044
3936
3572
3468
3092
3079
3039
3121
3091
3091
3026
3013
3035
3088
3167
3147
3234
3210
3251
3266
3276
3274
3304
3361
3366
3366
3379
3421
3444
3444
3526
3502
3540
MY1975 to MY2008 Cars
Inertia Weight by Marketing
Group
Ford
Chrysler
Toyota
Honda
Nissan
HK
VW
BMW
4087
4142
2746
2000
2589
2353
3214
4147
4036
2742
2001
2547
2336
3178
4248
4131
2623
2058
2537
2348
3056
3818
3652
2611
2113
2510
2406
3065
3553
3390
2708
2313
2502
2388
3151
3110
3046
2622
2337
2469
2379
3064
3030
2825
2555
2351
2535
2400
3005
3005
2949
2576
2363
2575
2470
2980
3151
2848
2744
2389
2523
2521
3019
3146
2804
2712
2387
2653
2621
2905
3150
2874
2778
2440
2749
2674
3191
3171
2869
2769
2576
2777
2500
2681
3232
3177
2889
2822
2639
2875
2500
2726
3240
3211
2958
2778
2772
2776
2500
2701
3581
3249
3077
2829
2805
2837
2580
2744
3507
3334
3215
2959
2889
3026
2636
2912
3599
3245
3188
2920
2899
3081
2628
2921
3568
3380
3172
3096
3004
3026
2768
2960
3639
3290
3179
3144
2969
3097
2786
3101
3638
3382
3361
3144
3047
3035
2672
3088
3654
3367
3205
3175
2986
3143
2805
3107
3757
3441
3333
3204
3041
3121
2710
3136
3464
3400
3355
3232
3013
3122
2791
3128
3577
3338
3230
3313
3173
3283
2798
3185
3599
3371
3515
3304
3220
3341
2883
3227
3669
3433
3393
3260
3195
3381
2942
3227
3678
3454
3473
3242
3189
3305
2965
3276
3738
3447
3483
3352
3218
3368
3066
3366
3678
3584
3428
3217
3283
3430
3114
3401
3579
3651
3426
3330
3295
3528
3251
3498
3594
3601
3516
3263
3308
3521
3198
3582
3507
3603
3934
3288
3335
3525
3394
3621
3621
3527
3826
3370
3333
3483
3296
3660
3664
3657
3847
3346
3395
3455
3408
3667
3769
L-17
-------
Table L-18
MY1975 to MY2008 Wagons Inertia
YEAR
GM
Ford Chrysler Toyota Honda
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
4594
4201
4250
2693
4723
4469
4129
2703
4490
4339
4151
2661
4122
3819
4031
2701
4099
3537
3901
2622
4038
3190
3768
2605
4125
2926
2941
2584
3814
3071
2925
2562
3669
3115
2902
2498
3531
3188
2808
2573
3611
3149
3004
2515
3584
3190
3105
2618
3615
3272
3077
2902
3645
3294
2942
2919
3643
3376
2779
2941
3617
3457
2706
2995
3784
3221
2937
3825
3295
3073
3500
3034
3063
3096
3432
3079
3205
3431
3044
3230
3428
3526
3227
2749
3306
2749
3477
2983
3582
3307
3571
3488
3623
3516
3607
3602
3500
3069
3553
3500
3000
3061
3772
4115
2927
3093
3567
4206
2880
3368
3586
3978
2848
3389
3593
3995
3000
3347
4062
3967
3282
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2317
2374
2390
2599
2536
2666
3238
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
2750
2750
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
L-18
by Marketing Group
Tissan
HK
vw
BMW
All
3000
2500
3957
2693
2500
4182
2646
2500
4005
2668
2500
3723
2457
2500
3637
2415
2500
3231
2497
2500
3040
2511
2750
3188
2466
2806
3047
2458
3122
3175
2626
3066
3112
2935
3245
3215
2999
2847
3248
2977
2553
3242
2767
2766
3327
2692
3176
3367
3386
3305
3359
4000
3391
3634
4000
3154
3790
4000
3217
3702
4000
3189
3000
3711
3453
3000
3793
3283
3000
3739
3359
3000
3675
4000
3460
3000
3612
3751
3468
3882
3844
3631
3695
3862
3610
3757
3826
3425
3822
3756
3683
3882
3821
3652
3753
4000
3603
3736
3899
3968
3598
3750
3709
4187
3557
September 2008
-------
GM
4494
4398
4183
3786
3759
3383
3444
3368
3445
3345
3322
3173
3191
3158
3191
3255
3248
3310
3271
3279
3340
3339
3302
3362
3405
3439
3445
3407
3473
3415
3462
3562
3566
3627
4058
4059
3944
3588
3485
3101
3076
3054
3112
3099
3093
3041
3031
3047
3099
3176
3154
3240
3207
3250
3263
3282
3274
3306
3365
3369
3380
3391
3421
3462
3463
3534
3510
3541
MY1975 to MY2008 Cars and Wagons Inertia Weight by Marketing Group
Ford
Chrysler
Toyota
Honda
Nissan
HK
VW
BMW
4103
4155
2718
2000
2606
2371
3214
4187
4053
2735
2021
2568
2343
3178
4256
4136
2628
2085
2555
2358
3056
3818
3712
2622
2126
2534
2410
3065
3551
3444
2701
2308
2494
2389
3151
3118
3095
2620
2330
2461
2385
3064
3011
2839
2557
2343
2530
2403
3005
3013
2946
2575
2354
2568
2478
2980
3146
2854
2663
2380
2516
2526
3019
3150
2804
2697
2380
2633
2631
2905
3150
2881
2708
2432
2738
2684
3191
3173
2882
2761
2565
2801
2500
2689
3232
3188
2897
2831
2633
2882
2500
2730
3240
3218
2957
2786
2770
2786
2500
2689
3581
3259
3073
2836
2800
2836
2580
2744
3507
3343
3214
2961
2884
3025
2636
2922
3599
3243
3188
2921
2913
3081
2628
2935
3568
3373
3172
3096
3015
3026
2768
2974
3649
3258
3178
3142
2977
3097
2786
3122
3647
3351
3361
3145
3055
3035
2672
3103
3661
3335
3205
3177
2995
3143
2805
3124
3761
3447
3333
3204
3046
3121
2728
3156
3464
3393
3355
3232
3019
3122
2800
3147
3577
3347
3230
3313
3173
3283
2803
3203
3599
3383
3515
3304
3220
3341
2888
3253
3681
3441
3393
3260
3195
3381
2946
3252
3681
3465
3483
3242
3189
3305
2965
3324
3741
3457
3487
3352
3218
3368
3066
3395
3683
3582
3448
3200
3283
3430
3114
3442
3586
3660
3623
3295
3295
3528
3251
3534
3596
3599
3756
3223
3308
3521
3198
3607
3509
3602
3949
3236
3335
3525
3394
3627
3628
3529
3883
3362
3289
3483
3321
3679
3674
3671
3883
3342
3346
3455
3428
3671
3777
L-19
-------
Table L-20
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
GM
MY1975 to MY2008 Vans Inertia We.
Ford Chrysler Toyota Honda
4183
4135
4263
3500
4225
4081
4326
4276
4110
4404
4313
4088
4387
4553
4665
4450
4338
4625
4137
4374
4509
4050
4447
4544
4031
4551
4516
4099
4523
4389
3679
3396
4287
4464
3645
3274
4240
4218
3674
3435
4214
4247
3707
3285
4210
4358
3798
3515
4215
4250
3825
3552
4265
4269
3876
4289
4234
3972
4000
4304
4376
3970
4000
4364
4266
3823
4000
4316
4406
3971
4025
4337
4179
3837
4104
3500
4419
4211
4156
4065
3500
4354
4398
4152
4137
3500
4291
4208
4141
4000
3500
4327
4578
4170
4000
4500
4323
4470
4157
4000
4500
4275
5155
4430
4000
4500
4307
4508
4374
4000
4500
4347
4519
4286
4000
4500
4360
4527
4382
4500
4500
4532
4419
4285
4500
4500
4715
4496
4361
4500
4500
4730
4340
4345
4500
4500
5139
4500
4549
4500
4500
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
L-20
by Marketing Group
Nissan HK VW BMW All
3497
4196
3500
4200
3500
4252
3500
4250
3500
4541
3619
4353
3644
4324
3668
4342
3625
4414
3627
4075
3656
3975
3764
3998
3500
3818
3972
3611
3868
4053
3738
4042
4057
3452
4020
4095
3382
4021
4133
3500
4151
4000
4157
4105
4000
4260
4156
4000
5000
4110
4000
4195
4000
5490
4241
4000
4183
4000
4897
4307
4000
5116
4276
4000
4850
4519
4000
5000
4638
4394
5000
4564
4393
4500
5000
4487
4500
5000
4430
4500
4500
4475
4500
4500
4461
4500
4500
4561
September 2008
-------
Table L-21
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
GM
MY1975 to MY2008 SUVs Inertia W(
Ford Chrysler Toyota Honda
4867
5000
3561
4000
4906
5000
3600
4082
4692
5000
3637
4030
4702
5000
3611
4078
5169
5000
3589
4039
5071
4738
3509
4001
5013
4686
3504
4239
5203
4677
3528
4342
4376
4673
3489
4463
4266
3989
3637
3939
4169
3978
3805
3727
4181
3975
3721
4029
4228
3908
3677
3730
4315
3921
3651
4018
4264
4319
3637
4103
4336
4404
3560
4276
4063
4371
3564
4492
4160
4360
3456
4515
4414
4373
3746
4499
4481
4371
3726
4484
4000
4569
4543
3681
4379
4627
4522
3795
3735
4329
4796
4729
3811
3633
3689
4463
4751
4101
3861
3617
4523
4821
4273
4112
3605
4786
4812
4201
4174
3617
4889
4238
4232
4197
3809
5003
4409
4408
4215
3778
5122
4769
4290
4302
4020
5127
4804
4275
4379
4033
5027
4519
4510
4351
4049
4740
4797
4586
4426
4041
5274
4592
4398
4322
4096
5039
4402
4344
4536
4090
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
L-21
by Marketing Group
Nissan HK VW BMW All
4202
4312
4232
4270
4509
4236
4208
4349
4137
3999
4018
3921
4000
3840
4000
3859
4000
4018
4000
4045
4000
4070
4000
4085
4304
4157
4352
4209
4204
3500
4255
4000
3500
4283
4399
3500
4329
4398
3500
4340
4338
3500
4400
4293
3500
5000
4458
4306
3734
4797
4378
4296
3819
5000
4508
4234
4152
5500
5000
4611
4731
4133
5472
4508
4634
4714
4086
5382
4562
4575
4734
4098
5407
4543
4547
4645
4078
5565
4583
4618
4736
4195
5558
4736
4567
September 2008
-------
GM
4073
4193
4214
4248
4495
4157
4012
3850
3931
3962
3926
3893
3751
4013
3976
4250
3845
4088
4189
4256
4270
4304
4597
4311
4763
4401
4592
4988
4713
4951
4891
4878
5213
5219
4012
4122
4092
4104
4142
3740
3679
3629
3544
3619
3642
3574
3526
3737
3803
3928
3779
3976
3996
4056
4182
4190
4415
4282
4487
4340
4552
4690
4642
4939
4988
4968
5108
5219
MY1975 to MY2008 Pickups Inertia Weight by Marketing Group
Ford Chrysler Toyota Honda
Nissan
HK
VW
BMW
4171
4345
2750
2750
4218
4338
2819
2750
4180
4335
2780
2750
4209
4226
2866
2786
4136
4041
2814
2781
4007
3430
2865
2830
3853
3564
2888
2893
3893
3470
3013
2894
3508
3311
3033
3041
3584
3638
3036
3156
3688
3798
3107
3137
3638
3626
3129
3229
3584
3611
3114
3169
3712
3652
3181
3239
3890
3681
3377
3239
3904
3991
3396
3167
3896
4035
3413
3203
4107
4046
3366
3229
4068
4111
3394
3257
4042
4346
3382
3333
4292
4516
3533
3365
4065
4697
3508
3355
4294
4765
4086
3350
4243
4783
3432
3604
4251
4795
3549
3788
4285
4662
4110
3918
4533
4905
4046
3880
4497
5011
4140
3944
4571
5108
4148
3945
5124
5140
4296
3870
5274
5093
4476
4895
5358
5191
4485
4500
4811
5235
5023
4929
4500
4771
5252
5331
5069
4500
5463
2265
2318
2310
2516
L-22
-------
GM
4159
4265
4266
4301
4585
4252
4118
4028
4128
4131
4063
4049
4004
4118
4096
4270
3985
4158
4289
4335
4388
4455
4624
4357
4608
4521
4685
4922
4869
5002
4926
4795
5222
5112
All
4072
4155
4135
4151
4252
3869
3806
3806
3763
3782
3795
3738
3713
3841
3921
4005
3948
4056
4073
4125
4184
4225
4344
4283
4412
4375
4463
4546
4586
4710
4668
4665
4741
4742
MY1975
to MY2008
Trucks
Inertia Weight by Marketing
Group
Ford
Chrysler
Toyota
Honda
Nissan
HK
VW
BMW
4174
4080
2966
2750
3497
4199
4151
3037
2750
3500
4191
4178
3018
2750
3500
4234
4090
3066
2786
3500
4275
4028
2862
2781
3500
4149
3592
2880
2830
2770
3989
3663
2906
2893
2652
4083
3633
3042
2894
3002
3735
3528
3069
3041
3488
3756
3655
3133
3156
3627
3863
3724
3175
3137
3656
3804
3672
3248
3229
3764
3784
3668
3208
3338
3818
3882
3723
3303
3444
3868
4056
3743
3457
3352
4042
4058
3819
3675
3335
4020
4111
3885
3759
3383
4021
4234
3878
3685
3476
4195
3836
3657
3603
4157
4188
3983
3686
4000
3718
4260
4298
3936
3895
3500
3741
3500
5000
4251
4172
3618
3969
3694
3500
4456
4211
3676
3653
3841
3500
5490
4431
4306
3713
3605
3985
3500
4518
4362
3925
3843
4112
3500
4897
4521
4275
4117
4036
4104
3500
5116
5000
4496
4523
4123
4095
4157
3734
4850
4797
4455
4562
4168
4092
4163
4147
4638
5000
4660
4545
4230
4162
4164
4378
4766
5000
4932
4576
4383
4148
4567
4333
5472
4508
4833
4561
4413
4179
4752
4325
5382
4562
5009
4645
4459
4227
4746
4186
5407
4543
4868
4519
4531
4242
4667
4161
5565
4583
4743
4581
4668
4215
4910
4257
5558
4736
L-23
-------
Table L-24
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
GM
MY1975 to MY2008 All Inertia W(
Ford Chrysler Toyota Honda
4427
4120
4141
2748
2000
4370
4190
4074
2773
2021
4199
4238
4144
2685
2085
3896
3937
3815
2694
2126
3926
3749
3613
2733
2308
3493
3374
3207
2672
2330
3537
3297
2981
2621
2343
3488
3277
3125
2677
2354
3579
3346
3029
2754
2380
3495
3347
3076
2845
2380
3494
3348
3175
2889
2432
3363
3401
3202
2959
2565
3383
3401
3222
2966
2633
3442
3435
3313
2942
2770
3474
3518
3405
3004
2800
3559
3595
3529
3132
2884
3498
3569
3512
3173
2913
3587
3725
3576
3242
3015
3632
3620
3567
3285
2977
3698
3725
3768
3317
3084
3758
3737
3619
3369
3016
3765
3821
3882
3322
3099
3839
3944
3914
3371
3096
3778
3935
3990
3455
3231
3927
3969
4120
3536
3345
3934
3988
3987
3623
3381
4017
4037
4161
3639
3427
4202
4033
4230
3732
3461
4265
4218
4267
3624
3626
4282
4457
4236
3862
3633
4257
4297
4279
3711
3659
4179
4373
4376
3811
3735
4487
4200
4318
3808
3712
4428
4308
4360
3866
3701
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
L-24
rht by Marketing
Nissan HK
2640
2610
2595
2580
2541
2531
2596
2637
2603
2748
2845
2981
2500
2984
2500
2955
2500
2956
2580
3109
2636
3170
2628
3132
2768
3261
2786
3249
2672
3381
2847
3280
2783
3375
2896
3510
2917
3570
2992
3701
3034
3710
3120
3680
3366
3694
3494
4058
3612
4034
3654
4037
3649
3959
3663
4061
3750
BMW All
3214
4060
3178
4079
3056
3982
3065
3715
3151
3655
3064
3228
3005
3202
2980
3202
3019
3257
2905
3262
3191
3271
3232
3238
3240
3221
3581
3283
3507
3351
3599
3426
3568
3410
3649
3512
3647
3519
3661
3603
3761
3613
3464
3659
3577
3727
3599
3744
3681
3835
3721
3821
3964
3879
3910
3951
3811
3999
3807
4111
3803
4059
3779
4067
3839
4094
3959
4117
Group
VW
2375
2350
2366
2420
2433
2420
2437
2539
2618
2702
2747
2723
2777
2709
2774
2972
2978
2974
3271
3106
3147
3156
3168
3203
3265
3265
3335
3410
3459
3844
3867
3763
3903
4032
September 2008
-------
Table L-25
MY1975 to MY2008 Cars LAB 55/45 Ton-MPG by Marketing Group
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
GM
Ford Chrysler Toyota Honda
Nissan
HK
VW
BMW
All
34 . 1
29.6
32 . 4
29.2
31.5
33.4
31. 1
28 . 4
32 . 4
36.5
35. 1
33. 8
34 . 4
33.2
34 . 8
32.2
29.2
35.4
37.2
36.0
34 . 3
38 . 3
38.2
35.4
34 . 6
30.5
36.4
36.2
36.1
35. 6
35. 9
36.3
34 . 6
34 . 0
29.5
35. 9
36.2
34 . 4
35. 9
32 . 7
33. 6
33.7
35. 8
30. 8
35.4
37 . 0
35.3
35. 0
36.2
34 . 0
38 . 7
38 . 6
38 . 8
36.5
39. 9
36.1
37 . 3
40.0
36.2
38 . 9
43. 1
38 . 9
38 . 9
40.9
37 . 7
40.0
39.5
39.5
40.0
42 . 9
38 . 4
40.1
40.5
38 . 3
40.9
43. 6
42 . 4
41.6
39. 1
38 . 5
40.5
40.9
40.5
40.1
44 . 7
42 . 3
42 . 5
38 . 6
39.3
41.0
42 . 4
41.5
40.7
44 . 8
41.4
40.8
40.8
40.8
41.9
42 . 9
42 . 6
41.5
44 . 8
43.4
42.2
43.7
39. 8
40.7
42 . 6
43.4
42 . 6
40.1
46.7
43.5
42 . 4
43.2
39. 1
39. 1
42 . 7
44 . 4
43. 6
42.2
45.5
44 . 4
42 . 9
43. 0
40.3
38 . 4
43.7
43. 8
44 . 1
43.3
45.2
44 . 1
42 . 9
42 . 9
41.0
37 . 9
43.7
44 . 4
44 . 6
44 . 0
45. 1
44.2
43. 0
43. 8
41.7
39. 1
44.2
44 . 1
44 . 6
43. 8
44 . 7
44 . 4
45. 0
43.2
43. 1
40.7
44.2
44 . 1
45. 6
44 . 0
44 . 6
47 . 3
45.7
43.2
42 . 8
43.3
44 . 8
44 . 6
45. 6
44 . 4
45.4
48 . 3
45.3
43.4
41.5
45.5
45.3
45. 1
45. 9
44 . 1
45. 6
49.3
45.5
43. 9
43.2
45. 6
45.7
45. 6
46.7
45. 1
47 . 6
49.4
46.1
43. 6
44.2
47 . 0
46.3
46.5
45. 9
45.3
47.2
48 . 8
47 . 4
43.3
44.2
46.7
46.5
46.5
46.0
45. 6
48.2
48 . 9
46.4
43.4
44 . 8
45.5
46.6
46.4
45. 9
45. 8
50.3
50. 9
49.6
43. 0
46.4
45.2
47 . 3
46.7
46.3
47 . 4
50.3
50. 0
49.5
44 . 1
45. 8
46.1
47 . 5
47 . 5
46.7
46.8
49.9
49.8
47 . 3
44 . 1
46.8
45.3
47 . 6
48 . 4
46.6
48.2
51.5
51. 9
46.8
45.5
47 . 0
46.2
48 . 3
48 . 6
47 . 0
47 . 7
52 . 1
51. 8
49.1
46.6
49.5
48 . 0
48 . 9
49.5
48 . 1
49.3
52 . 3
54 . 4
48.2
46.9
50.4
47 . 6
49.8
49.5
47 . 8
49.4
55.3
54 . 6
50. 1
47 . 4
50.3
47 . 1
50.4
50.2
49.4
49.4
58 . 5
55. 0
51. 8
47 . 8
51.7
47 . 3
51. 8
50. 8
49.6
50.5
58 . 1
56.9
51.5
51. 9
55. 0
49.1
52 . 5
51.3
50.2
52.2
60. 9
56.8
55.7
54 . 0
52.2
50.4
54 . 4
51. 8
50.5
52 . 4
62 . 0
57 . 6
55. 9
54 . 1
52 . 1
51. 8
55. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
L-25
September 2008
-------
Table
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-26
GM
33.7
36.6
38 . 1
37 . 0
36.6
41.4
44 . 1
41.6
41.8
42 . 6
43. 9
45.2
46.2
48 . 1
47 . 1
47 . 4
48 . 0
47 . 8
46.4
46.5
47 . 1
47 . 7
46.1
46.7
48 . 1
47 . 7
50.4
50. 1
52 . 3
53. 0
52 . 6
53. 1
53. 1
55.7
MY1975
Ford
30.3
37 . 0
35. 9
35.5
35.4
36.8
37 . 4
39.2
40.1
42 . 0
42 . 5
43. 6
43.7
43. 8
43.5
43.7
46.3
46.8
47.2
47 . 8
47.2
48 . 4
48.2
47 . 7
48 . 6
49.3
48 . 9
49.9
49.5
49.7
49.8
49.9
49.8
51. 1
to MY2008
Chrysler
33.7
35.7
34 . 7
35. 9
35.7
36.4
36.9
39. 9
40.0
39.5
40.6
41.6
41.3
43. 0
43.2
44 . 0
42 . 0
47 . 5
44 . 5
44 . 9
50.3
50.5
50. 0
49.5
49.9
Wagons
Toyota
30. 8
33.4
37.2
34 . 9
32 . 9
35. 9
37 . 7
37 . 5
43.5
43. 8
44.2
42.2
47 . 3
46.1
45. 1
45. 0
45.4
44 . 5
46.3
47.2
49.6
49.3
52 . 9
52 . 9
53.3
51. 9
54 . 7
54 . 9
LAB 55/45
Honda
33. 1
36.1
35. 6
33.7
36.9
38 . 0
41.6
41.5
40.7
40.5
41.1
41.0
44 . 6
44.2
47 . 0
46.6
47 . 5
48 . 3
50. 8
50. 9
50. 0
47 . 8
54 . 8
54 . 9
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015 L-26
Ton-MPG by Marketing Group
Nissan
31.5
37 . 0
36.2
34 . 6
34 . 3
39. 0
39.5
40.6
42 . 7
43.4
39. 9
41.6
41.9
41.8
44 . 7
45. 1
HK VW
34 . 1
34 . 9
36.4
32 . 4
31.3
50.5
50.7
41.8
45.2
40.4
39. 9
37 .1
38.4
39.6
40.4
44.7
45.5
44.7
43. 1
44 . 7
43. 9
45.3
55. 0
45. 6
47 . 0
44 . 3
48 . 5
43.4
48 . 9
43.4
45.4
47.2
52 . 1
55. 6
54.2
59. 1
55. 8
51.2
57 . 9
51. 9
54 . 9
BMW All
32.2
36.2
36.3
35. 8
35. 8
38 . 4
39. 1
40.4
41.6
42 . 1
42 . 7
43.4
44 . 1
44 . 6
44 . 6
45. 0
46.3
46.4
46.7
48 . 5
46.8
47 . 0
47 . 5
48 . 8
47 . 3
47 . 9
47 . 5
47 . 4
47 . 4
47 . 9
46.1
48 . 0
47 . 9
49.0
49.3
48 . 4
49.1
50.4
48 . 4
51.4
49.1
51.4
52 . 9
51.3
53. 1
51.7
54 . 0
52 . 9
September 2008
-------
Table L-27 MY1975 to MY2008 Cars and Wagons LAB 55/45 Ton-MPG by Marketing Group
YEAR
GM
Ford Chrysler Toyota Honda
Nissan
HK
VW
BMW
All
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
34 . 0
29.7
32 . 5
30. 0
31.5
33.3
31.5
28 . 4
32 . 3
36.5
35.4
34 . 1
34 . 3
33.2
35. 1
32 . 3
29.2
35.5
37.2
36.0
34 . 4
38.2
37 . 9
35.5
34 . 7
30.5
36.4
36.2
36.1
35. 6
35. 8
36.3
34 . 6
33. 9
29.5
35. 9
36.3
34 . 5
35. 9
32 . 7
33. 6
33. 8
35. 8
30. 8
35.4
37 . 1
35.4
35. 1
36.2
34.2
38 . 7
39.2
38 . 8
36.6
40.0
36.3
37.2
39. 8
36.3
38 . 9
43.4
38 . 9
38 . 9
41.0
37 . 9
40.0
39.3
39.7
40.1
42 . 9
38 . 4
40.1
40.7
38 . 5
40.8
43. 6
42 . 3
41.7
39.2
38 . 5
40.7
41.1
40.7
40.1
44 . 6
42.2
42 . 6
38 . 6
39.3
41.1
42 . 5
41.6
40.7
44 . 6
41.4
40.7
40.7
40.8
42 . 0
43. 0
42 . 7
41.5
44 . 7
43.3
42 . 1
43.7
39. 8
40.7
42 . 6
43. 6
42 . 7
40.2
46.7
43.4
42 . 4
43.2
39. 1
39. 1
42 . 8
44 . 6
43. 6
42.2
45. 6
44 . 4
42 . 8
43. 0
40.2
38 . 4
43.7
43. 9
44 . 0
43.3
45.2
44 . 1
42 . 9
42 . 9
41.0
37 . 9
43. 8
44 . 5
44 . 5
44 . 0
45. 1
44.2
43. 0
43. 8
41.8
39. 1
44.2
44.2
44 . 7
43. 8
44 . 7
44 . 5
45. 0
43.2
43.2
40.7
44 . 3
44.2
45.7
44 . 0
44 . 6
47 . 3
45.7
43.2
42 . 9
43.4
44 . 9
44 . 7
45. 8
44 . 4
45.5
48 . 3
45.3
43.4
41.6
45. 6
45.4
45. 1
46.1
44 . 1
45. 6
49.3
45.5
43. 9
43.3
45. 6
45.7
45.7
46.7
45. 1
47 . 7
49.5
46.1
43. 6
44.2
47 . 1
46.4
46.5
46.1
45.3
47 . 3
48 . 8
47 . 4
43.4
44 . 6
46.7
46.5
46.4
46.2
45. 6
48.2
48 . 8
46.4
43.5
44 . 9
45.5
46.7
46.4
46.1
45. 8
50.3
50. 9
49.6
43. 0
46.4
45.2
47 . 3
46.7
46.4
47 . 4
50.3
50. 0
49.5
44 . 1
46.0
46.2
47 . 5
47 . 5
46.8
46.8
49.9
49.8
47 . 3
44 . 1
46.7
45.3
47 . 6
48 . 4
46.8
48 . 0
51.5
51. 9
46.8
45.5
47 . 0
46.2
48 . 4
48 . 6
47 . 1
46.9
52 . 1
51. 8
49.1
46.6
49.7
48 . 0
48 . 9
49.7
48.2
48 . 1
52 . 3
54 . 4
48.2
46.9
51. 0
47 . 6
49.9
49.7
47 . 9
49.6
55. 1
54 . 6
50. 1
47 . 4
50.7
47.2
50.5
50.3
49.4
49.8
57 . 9
55. 0
51. 8
47 . 8
52 . 3
47 . 3
51. 8
51. 0
49.6
50.3
57 . 3
56.9
51.5
51. 9
55. 0
49.2
52 . 4
51.5
50.2
51.3
60.7
56.6
55.7
53. 8
52 . 7
50.5
54.2
52.2
50.5
51.7
61.5
57 . 4
55. 9
54 . 0
52 . 3
51. 8
54 . 8
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
L-27
September 2008
-------
Table L-28
MY1975 to MY2008 Vans LAB 55/45 Ton-MPG by Marketing Group
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
GM Ford Chrysler Toyota Honda Nissan HK VW BMW All
28 . 1
29.7
31.7
30. 8
31.3
36.4
38 . 0
38 . 0
39.7
39.3
39.3
41.5
41.7
43.2
43.2
43. 8
44 . 5
44 . 8
45. 0
44 . 9
45. 0
46.8
46.9
47 . 7
48 . 1
48 . 9
50.3
50. 9
51.7
53.4
53.2
54 . 4
54 . 3
56.1
30. 9
26.4
27 . 4
35. 9
36.2
30. 6
28 . 0
30. 8
34 . 9
32 . 4
32.2
30.5
38 . 9
31. 1
31.2
29.7
35. 0
33. 9
28 . 6
31. 0
32 . 9
36.4
37 . 9
34 . 6
34 . 4
39.5
38 . 3
35. 6
33. 8
39. 8
37 . 1
35. 9
42 . 1
43.4
37 . 1
37 . 3
35.3
41.3
36.8
38 . 4
45. 9
37 . 5
40.5
36.4
38 . 9
43. 6
39. 0
41.4
41.8
40.8
45.2
36.2
42 . 0
42 . 0
41.8
41.8
39. 1
36.2
42 . 8
42 . 5
43. 9
45.4
40.3
38 . 6
42 . 9
42 . 8
43.7
45. 9
41.4
42.2
44 . 3
41.8
44 . 8
43. 9
41.9
44 . 9
42 . 3
45. 6
45.7
44 . 0
42 .1
45. 1
43. 6
45.4
44 . 6
44 . 8
45.3
44 . 6
45.3
43. 8
43.5
43.7
45.5
44.2
44 . 8
44 . 3
45.4
42 . 8
44 . 9
45.3
44 . 5
46.3
44 . 7
46.0
48 . 9
47 . 5
45.2
47 . 6
45.5
49.8
45. 8
47 . 7
45.5
47 . 3
46.0
43. 6
45.2
50. 8
47 . 6
46.8
48 . 4
48 . 4
47.2
45.4
47 . 7
48 . 1
48 . 0
48.2
54.2
46.1
46.7
48 . 0
48 . 8
48 . 9
48.2
53. 8
45.7
48 . 5
49.3
47 . 8
52 . 0
49.5
54 . 0
45. 1
50. 0
48 . 6
49.8
52 . 4
49.5
54 . 5
45. 1
50. 0
48 . 3
50.5
50.7
52 . 6
49.5
54 . 5
50. 0
47 . 6
50.4
49.3
53. 6
57 . 3
54 . 5
55.3
52 . 9
51.5
52 . 1
52 . 0
55. 6
58 . 6
55.5
53.3
54 . 0
51.2
53. 1
55. 8
58 . 7
56.1
53.5
53.5
52 . 8
52 . 8
58 . 9
55.5
55. 0
53.5
53. 8
54.2
56.0
58 . 6
57 . 0
55. 1
53.5
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
L-28
September 2008
-------
Table L-29
MY1975 to MY2008 SUVs LAB 55/45 Ton-MPG by Marketing Group
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
GM Ford Chrysler Toyota Honda Nissan HK VW BMW All
29.0
26.5
25. 8
24 . 0
27 . 1
32.2
34 . 5
26.8
22 . 3
29.6
34 . 7
36.3
28 . 5
28 . 3
31. 8
33.2
33. 1
27 . 9
26.4
30. 6
29.2
27 . 5
27 . 6
27 . 8
28 . 3
36.9
33.2
29.8
27 . 6
32 . 9
40.7
35. 8
32 . 4
30.3
35.4
51.4
34 . 9
32 . 6
30. 9
39.2
45.7
36.2
31. 9
31. 6
40.1
43. 9
36.8
33.7
35. 1
39. 1
43.3
37 . 8
35.3
41.2
40.3
41.4
39.4
36.6
47 . 8
39. 9
41.8
40.0
37 . 1
43.4
37 . 4
39.7
42 . 8
39.4
35.4
41.4
37 . 1
39.5
43.3
41.7
35.3
41.1
37 . 9
40.3
42 . 7
41.3
35.5
41.8
39. 0
40.0
42 . 5
43. 9
34 . 9
41.8
39. 0
41.4
41.2
43.7
34 . 5
38 . 7
39.2
40.6
44 . 1
44 . 1
36.6
39. 1
41.8
41.3
44 . 6
43. 8
35. 9
39. 0
40.4
40.4
41.6
45. 1
44.2
35.5
40.8
40.0
42 . 7
41.7
46.5
44 . 3
36.8
42 . 5
42 . 1
39.7
41.0
42 . 9
47 . 1
44.2
38 . 0
41.7
45. 8
43. 1
41.6
43.5
46.1
44 . 4
39.2
44 . 4
46.1
42 . 9
42 . 7
43.7
45. 6
44 . 9
40.8
46.6
46.5
42 . 4
42 . 7
44 . 3
47 . 4
45. 1
40.4
46.6
47 . 1
42 . 0
41.1
43. 6
44 . 7
47 . 9
45. 1
40.6
47 . 3
48 . 1
42 . 7
44 . 8
46.1
45. 6
49.6
44.2
43. 1
47 . 6
49.6
42 . 7
46.0
50.4
46.4
50.2
46.3
44 . 5
48 . 1
50.2
46.5
47 . 4
49.5
50.2
48 . 0
51.2
47 . 0
43.4
50.2
49.8
48.2
47 . 7
51.3
48 . 3
48 . 5
51. 8
48.2
45.2
51. 0
49.7
50.3
48 . 1
51.7
48 . 4
49.4
51. 0
50. 6
46.0
56.5
50.3
50. 8
48 . 6
52 . 0
48 . 1
50.7
55.7
51.2
47 . 4
54 . 4
53. 0
51. 9
51.3
54 . 7
53. 6
52 . 6
55.5
51. 9
50. 0
56.6
52 . 8
53. 8
52 . 0
55.3
54 . 4
53.4
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
L-29
September 2008
-------
Table L-30
MY1975 to MY2008 Pickups LAB 55/45 Ton-MPG by Marketing Group
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
GM Ford Chrysler Toyota Honda Nissan HK VW BMW All
28 . 8
30. 9
33.4
33. 1
32 . 9
37.6 36.7
43.6 39.3
46.2 40.1
42.6 40.0
39.4
39. 6
40.1
40.1
40.5
40.5
41.1
41.4
41.8
42 . 4
43. 0
43. 1
43. 9
45.3
44 . 6
44 . 7
44 . 4
44 . 7
45. 6
46.3
48.2
49.1
49.8
51.4
52 . 7
29.6
26.9
28 . 5
29.3
32 . 5
31. 1
30.2
30.7
31. 1
33. 8
32 . 5
34 . 6
31.5
37 . 8
34 . 4
31. 9
34 . 6
30. 9
35.3
35.7
35. 0
31. 6
31.2
27 . 5
32 . 4
38 . 9
37 . 1
34.2
30. 9
35. 8
40.5
38 . 4
35. 6
38.7
40.9
42 . 3
37 . 6
37.2
39.0
40.9
42.2
38 . 0
39.5
38. 8
42 . 0
41.3
38 . 5
36.2
38.3
41.7
40.4
38.2
36.1
42.2
40.3
40.8
39. 9
37 . 4
41.6
39. 9
40.2
39. 9
38 . 9
41.6
39. 9
41.2
40.4
38 . 5
40.1
40.1
41.0
41.2
37.2
40.0
40.2
41.0
41.8
38 . 7
39. 6
43. 1
41.2
42 . 1
38 . 4
40.8
43. 1
41.6
43.2
39. 0
40.3
43.3
42.2
43. 6
39. 0
40.8
43.2
42 . 9
44 . 1
41.0
41.4
42 . 7
43. 6
44 . 3
40.5
41.2
42 . 0
46.2
44 . 0
40.8
41.3
42.2
47.2
45.7
42.2
41.7
41.7
45. 9
44 . 6
43. 1
40.8
46.1
47 . 1
43. 6
42 . 5
41.2
44 . 3
45. 9
44 . 1
43. 0
42 . 5
43. 1
46.7
45. 0
42 . 6
42 . 9
43.5
47 . 5
45.2
44 . 9
43.3
43. 6
47.2
46.0
46.5
43. 6
44 . 3
49.5
49.5
46.1
44.2
45. 1
49.9
50.3
46.4
48 . 3
47 . 5
50.4
50. 8
49.5
48 . 6
48 . 1
47 . 6
53. 0
51. 0
48 . 6
52.2
48 . 1
48 . 0
54 . 7
51.4
51.7
52 . 6
48 . 1
50.7
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
L-30
September 2008
-------
Table L-31
MY1975 to MY2008 Trucks LAB 55/45
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
GM Ford Chrysler Toyota Honda
29.8
26.8
27.2
28 . 5
31. 1
29.8
29.8
29.6
32 . 7
34.2
30.4
36.0
31. 9
33. 8
29.6
33. 8
34 . 1
30. 9
30. 1
27 . 5
38 . 4
37 . 0
33. 0
30. 9
40.4
38.2
34 . 7
38 . 6
42 . 5
37 . 3
35. 8
38 . 8
43. 1
37 . 7
37 . 3
38 . 7
41.9
38 . 0
36.4
39.4
41.3
37 . 9
37 . 3
42 . 4
41.1
40.2
38 . 8
42 . 6
41.1
40.4
39.7
41.8
41.9
40.7
40.4
40.5
41.9
41.8
40.0
40.4
42 . 3
41.7
41.5
40.3
42.2
42 . 7
41.7
42 . 3
42 . 3
43.4
41.9
40.7
43.4
44 . 0
41.2
40.9
43. 9
44 . 0
41.3
40.9
44 . 4
44 . 7
40.0
41.4
46.5
44 . 4
42 . 7
41.9
47.2
45.2
42 . 9
41.7
46.3
45. 0
43.4
43.6
46.8
44 . 8
43.7
45.1
46.8
45.4
44 . 0
45.3
47 . 7
45.4
44 . 6
46.0
48 . 8
45.2
46.1
46.3
49.1
46.7
47 . 8
46.6
50.5
48 . 4
45.4
50.2
51. 0
49.6
48.2
51. 1
51. 0
50. 8
49.1
53. 8
54 . 5
51.2
49.0
54 . 1
55. 1
51. 8
51. 8
55. 9
40.4
44 . 7
45.5
45.4
46.2
48 . 6
50.3
50. 6
51.7
51.5
51. 0
52.2
52 . 5
53.4
53.3
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
L-31
i-MPG by Marketing
Group
fissan
HK
VW
BMW
All
32 . 5
36.2
28 . 4
33. 8
34 . 9
30.5
34 . 4
38 . 9
33. 0
35.7
35. 0
32 . 4
32 . 4
32 . 9
32 . 1
35. 8
36.4
36.3
40.9
41.2
38 . 8
40.9
44 . 1
39.7
42 . 0
36.2
39. 9
41.7
37 . 5
39.3
40.3
39. 0
39. 6
39. 9
36.2
40.4
39.4
36.2
40.5
39.4
38 . 6
40.9
39. 8
42 .2
41.2
42 . 5
41.9
41.8
42.2
42 . 1
42.2
42 . 0
42 . 4
42 . 9
43.7
42 . 9
42 . 8
42 . 8
43. 0
42.2
42 . 7
48 . 9
43.2
42 . 4
41.0
44 . 3
42 . 8
41.6
50. 8
44 . 9
44 . 6
42 . 7
44 . 9
43. 8
42 . 7
46.7
45.3
42 . 9
41.1
48 . 5
43. 6
45. 6
43. 1
44 . 8
50. 0
46.1
46.1
43. 1
47 . 1
48 . 3
50.4
46.9
46.0
48 . 1
48 . 0
50.2
48 . 0
48 . 6
48 . 9
51.3
48 . 3
49.0
49.8
49.5
51.7
48 . 4
50. 1
50. 0
49.7
52 . 0
48 . 1
51. 0
51. 1
51.7
54 . 7
53. 6
52 . 5
53. 1
52 . 3
55.3
54 . 4
53.5
September 2008
-------
Table L-32
MY1975 to MY2008 All LAB 55/45 Ton-MPG by Marketing Group
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
GM
Ford Chrysler Toyota Honda
Nissan
HK
VW
BMW
33.2
29.0
31.5
29.8
31.5
33. 1
31.5
28 . 4
35.4
33. 8
33.2
33.7
33.2
34 . 8
32 . 4
29.2
36.4
35.5
33. 6
37 . 9
37 . 9
35.3
34.7
30.5
35.3
35.4
34 . 0
35.4
36.3
34 . 8
33. 9
29.5
35. 8
33.5
34.2
31.7
33. 6
33. 6
35.7
30. 8
37 . 3
35. 8
34 . 6
35. 1
34.2
38.2
38 . 9
38 . 8
40.1
36.9
36.8
39. 6
36.3
39.3
43. 1
38 . 9
41.3
37 . 7
38 . 9
39.2
39.7
40.2
43. 0
38 . 4
41.1
38.2
39. 9
42 . 5
42 . 3
41.8
38 . 9
38 . 5
41.2
39. 8
38 . 9
42 . 8
42.2
42 . 4
38 . 5
39.3
42.2
40.5
39.5
43. 8
41.4
40.6
40.6
40.8
42 . 6
41.8
40.4
43. 8
43.3
41.1
43.7
39.7
40.7
43. 0
41.9
40.0
45. 0
43.4
41.7
43.2
39. 0
39. 1
43. 8
42 . 7
41.4
44 . 0
44 . 4
41.9
43. 0
40.2
38 . 4
43.3
43.3
41.7
43. 9
44 . 1
42.2
42 . 9
41.0
37 . 9
43. 8
43.5
42 . 7
44 . 0
44.2
42 . 9
43. 8
41.8
39. 1
43.5
44 . 0
42 . 8
44 . 0
44 . 5
44.2
43.2
43. 1
40.7
43. 6
44 . 8
42 . 8
43. 6
47 . 3
44 . 8
43.2
42 . 9
43.4
44.2
45. 1
42 . 5
44.2
48 . 3
44 . 5
43.4
41.9
45. 6
44 . 7
45.2
42 . 3
44 . 1
49.0
44 . 7
43. 9
43.3
45. 6
45.2
45. 9
42.2
46.0
49.3
44 . 6
43. 6
44 . 3
47 . 1
46.5
45.3
43. 6
45.7
48 . 6
46.0
43.2
44 . 6
46.7
46.8
45.7
43. 8
46.2
48 . 4
45.2
43.2
44 . 9
45.5
46.4
45.5
44 . 1
47 . 9
50.3
48 . 0
43. 0
46.4
45.2
46.7
45. 6
44 . 7
48.4
49.7
47 . 8
43. 8
46.0
46.2
47.2
46.1
44 . 9
48 . 0
49.9
45.4
43. 6
46.7
45.3
48 . 1
46.0
45. 8
49.0
51.5
45. 1
45.4
47 . 0
46.2
48 . 7
46.0
46.4
49.4
51. 8
46.7
46.7
49.7
48 . 4
49.4
47 . 3
47 . 9
50. 0
53.3
47 . 4
47 . 3
50. 9
48 . 1
50. 1
48.2
46.9
52 . 5
53. 1
49.3
47 . 9
50. 8
47 . 4
50.7
49.5
48 . 7
55. 1
53. 9
51. 0
48 . 5
52.2
47 . 6
51. 0
50.2
49.6
55.7
54 . 9
50. 9
51.2
54 . 8
49.0
53.2
50.7
49.8
58.2
55.2
53. 8
53. 0
52 . 9
51. 0
53. 8
51.3
51.7
59.3
55.7
54 . 7
53.3
52 . 9
52 . 3
All
31. 6
34 . 4
35.7
35. 1
34 . 7
36.6
38 . 9
40.0
40.5
40.7
41.4
42 . 0
42 . 1
42 . 9
43. 0
43.5
43. 6
44 . 1
44
44
45
45
45
46
46
46.7
47 . 3
47 . 9
49.0
49.7
50. 9
51.7
53.4
54.2
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
L-32
September 2008
-------
GM
343
329
314
288
283
222
224
209
221
210
207
189
190
179
186
182
187
192
189
185
191
188
183
191
188
189
190
194
192
192
193
201
192
201
293
288
281
252
239
188
184
175
185
180
179
168
162
160
162
163
163
170
167
168
168
166
164
164
166
166
165
166
168
170
167
174
167
170
Model Year 1975 To 2008 Cars Engine Size (CID) by Marketing Group
ford
Chrysler
Toyota
Honda
Nissan
HK
VW
BMW
295
298
129
83
117
96
161
295
290
116
83
112
100
159
310
299
108
88
111
99
148
272
251
112
90
110
98
147
240
222
113
98
112
98
150
193
182
115
100
106
100
136
182
157
114
100
114
106
131
172
169
118
101
118
109
142
195
154
124
102
118
118
146
191
144
118
105
125
119
143
190
151
122
105
128
121
160
184
147
116
108
129
90
121
175
181
153
115
110
125
90
121
172
183
153
111
115
117
90
118
186
180
152
115
113
124
99
118
178
185
161
122
120
144
103
121
181
175
161
121
123
143
102
120
166
192
163
129
125
137
101
124
156
181
169
132
119
138
105
144
162
191
180
131
121
135
98
133
164
185
157
135
117
148
109
137
167
188
157
134
124
145
104
137
162
187
159
137
122
146
109
136
182
177
144
143
128
146
109
133
185
179
163
142
135
148
115
134
179
184
154
141
134
158
116
134
180
185
163
141
134
150
118
134
186
179
164
154
136
165
122
131
174
191
163
143
141
177
126
131
168
197
158
147
139
177
138
137
171
185
111
141
141
166
135
147
163
185
226
144
139
166
151
150
185
176
199
146
139
163
142
156
188
190
195
144
143
162
153
161
186
L-33
-------
GM
327
336
325
299
292
284
287
248
230
195
202
197
205
209
208
206
228
250
210
198
197
197
116
116
122
144
168
165
115
113
118
131
131
128
243
234
189
165
178
161
166
158
162
162
163
171
165
158
171
150
154
147
155
142
143
148
147
150
149
135
151
158
154
156
149
Model Year 1975 To 2008 Wagons Engine Size (CID) by Marketing Group
ford
Chrysler
Toyota
Honda
Nissan
HK
vw
BMW
284
294
113
119
89
297
279
114
91
109
97
299
281
109
91
110
96
254
269
114
91
115
97
220
261
107
91
96
97
190
240
114
91
98
90
144
169
116
91
105
97
162
157
115
91
105
105
167
150
97
91
107
108
179
140
95
91
106
125
176
141
98
91
123
121
166
158
98
91
120
136
165
155
116
91
128
124
172
139
113
93
122
111
181
102
115
92
98
116
182
93
115
92
98
118
160
111
119
123
170
122
132
129
152
144
129
130
132
170
152
146
130
132
169
170
141
131
132
166
154
155
131
132
110
156
147
132
109
168
149
110
150
159
121
131
189
148
121
154
169
146
149
150
159
146
148
138
160
145
148
110
135
158
157
180
104
137
152
146
202
101
135
152
143
184
98
136
183
143
202
110
91
152
140
183
174
194
129
91
153
143
183
L-34
-------
Table L-35 Model Year 1975 To 2008 Cars and Wag<
GM Ford Chrysler Toyota Honda
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
342
293
298
121
83
329
295
288
115
84
314
309
295
108
88
289
270
254
113
90
284
238
226
113
97
225
193
186
115
100
226
176
159
114
100
212
170
167
118
100
222
192
154
115
101
208
190
144
116
104
207
189
150
116
104
190
182
148
115
107
191
179
153
115
109
180
182
153
111
115
186
180
152
115
112
183
185
161
122
119
188
173
161
120
122
193
190
163
129
125
189
176
169
132
119
185
186
180
131
121
191
180
157
135
117
188
186
157
134
124
182
184
159
137
122
190
175
144
143
128
187
178
163
142
135
189
182
154
141
134
190
182
160
141
134
194
177
160
154
136
189
189
159
140
141
189
194
165
143
139
189
183
186
137
141
194
183
212
138
139
187
175
200
145
135
193
190
194
143
139
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
L-35
Engine
Size (CID)
by Marketing Group
Nissan
117
112
111
111
109
105
113
117
116
123
128
128
125
118
124
144
143
137
138
135
148
145
146
146
148
158
150
165
177
177
166
166
163
162
90
90
90
99
103
102
101
105
98
109
104
109
109
115
117
118
122
126
138
135
151
142
153
VW
95
100
99
98
98
99
106
109
118
119
121
121
121
118
118
121
120
124
145
134
138
137
137
133
134
135
135
132
131
137
146
150
155
159
BMW
161
159
148
147
150
136
131
142
146
143
160
175
172
186
178
181
166
156
162
164
167
162
182
185
179
179
185
174
168
171
163
185
188
186
All
288
287
279
251
238
188
182
175
182
179
177
167
162
160
163
163
163
170
166
168
167
165
164
164
166
165
165
166
166
168
166
172
167
168
September 2008
-------
GM
306
321
325
328
319
297
285
291
306
301
286
279
284
286
290
258
262
266
269
265
269
257
248
240
243
241
234
235
228
232
231
231
252
278
318
324
332
329
322
288
284
287
294
249
236
228
226
229
225
225
220
222
218
226
231
220
220
217
223
217
229
218
219
219
216
216
220
220
Model Year 1975 To 2008 Vans Engine Size (CID) by Marketing Group
ford
Chrysler
Toyota
Honda
Nissan
HK
VW
334
313
133
109
336
314
120
343
327
120
335
327
120
336
321
120
314
278
120
310
271
120
314
276
111
313
270
119
313
201
122
117
311
189
122
117
242
186
137
129
236
193
137
146
129
240
189
137
146
129
225
187
137
146
129
230
200
146
129
226
199
149
146
129
230
198
149
146
218
194
148
181
150
232
208
149
181
150
237
201
149
132
181
150
233
208
149
132
181
227
208
149
132
181
170
226
203
183
138
181
238
208
183
212
200
170
225
204
183
212
200
170
276
213
183
212
200
170
232
210
183
212
200
213
170
232
213
183
212
213
170
243
211
202
212
214
213
219
214
202
212
214
213
228
213
202
212
214
231
207
217
211
212
214
231
213
217
211
212
213
231
L-36
-------
GM
350
359
357
355
371
341
317
329
237
226
214
215
220
242
262
253
246
244
261
251
262
271
284
262
267
272
273
273
275
279
268
247
281
261
328
335
332
339
331
295
290
294
254
227
216
207
209
219
242
232
230
229
242
238
241
252
246
246
246
245
229
236
238
244
233
226
230
222
Model Year 1975 To 2008 SUVs Engine Size (CID) by Marketing Group
ford
Chrysler
Toyota
Honda
Nissan
HK
VW
BMW
302
317
257
302
320
258
302
324
258
362
323
258
351
285
258
321
266
258
321
261
258
319
261
258
318
266
258
226
237
194
226
223
170
226
213
151
215
242
157
175
217
251
175
181
235
246
180
181
250
243
178
181
237
235
190
181
238
231
179
181
240
250
195
181
239
251
196
190
181
254
241
187
181
122
260
256
185
191
200
122
277
242
178
137
200
122
278
263
180
136
200
122
277
270
188
135
200
122
277
265
193
131
199
122
268
230
261
190
149
207
139
212
241
244
194
163
204
146
203
253
250
212
175
210
182
275
205
251
256
219
177
262
185
238
185
224
257
215
178
248
178
231
194
233
255
213
178
248
174
236
196
218
240
212
171
240
178
235
202
203
226
223
171
236
187
249
208
L-37
-------
GM
321
329
325
322
304
269
259
244
244
243
241
238
231
270
275
302
257
276
281
287
278
273
289
267
293
272
279
302
277
302
289
287
298
300
313
306
287
236
237
228
212
215
221
206
202
229
236
247
232
245
244
248
257
251
264
252
267
255
269
271
264
282
284
278
286
291
Model Year 1975 To 2008 Pickups Engine Size (CID) by Marketing Group
Ford Chrysler Toyota Honda Nissan HK VW BMW
323
338
133
119
330
335
133
119
333
341
134
119
325
326
134
119
317
272
134
119
283
206
134
119
275
218
143
133
279
217
143
133
221
189
144
141
224
224
144
145
251
250
144
146
224
218
144
151
209
221
144
151
222
226
147
151
232
234
154
152
235
255
156
149
234
264
154
149
243
257
154
150
242
263
155
150
234
283
152
152
260
296
171
153
230
305
174
146
246
309
203
146
241
299
170
146
243
307
175
166
245
292
219
111
265
306
210
178
260
290
218
179
260
294
219
182
280
301
221
177
285
298
246
290
291
290
245
212
280
282
294
274
212
270
284
295
282
212
312
L-38
-------
Table L-39
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
GM
Model Year 1975 To 2008 Trucks Eng
Ford Chrysler Toyota Honda
321
325
319
153
331
330
323
155
328
334
331
158
326
330
325
154
314
322
290
139
278
291
237
136
266
282
244
144
257
289
242
145
254
242
225
147
249
238
218
143
242
257
214
143
242
228
202
144
242
216
214
145
267
225
214
150
275
230
213
156
279
235
220
163
255
233
220
159
266
239
216
157
273
234
224
161
272
235
238
163
190
270
250
239
175
132
270
241
246
178
166
279
254
247
180
136
260
252
253
177
136
276
255
258
183
155
266
253
248
201
170
269
252
263
196
175
279
247
247
201
184
269
254
251
213
186
284
264
266
216
186
272
250
250
221
188
262
258
249
222
192
286
246
245
232
186
277
236
236
236
183
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
L-39
Size (CID) by Marketing Group
Nissan HK VW BMW All
119 109 311
119 120 319
119 120 318
119 120 314
119 120 298
119 104 248
133 104 247
133 105 243
141 117 231
145 117 224
146 117 224
151 129 211
154 129 210
158 129 227
156 129 234
154 129 237
156 129 228
160 234
161 150 235
165 150 239
167 122 150 244
170 122 243
172 122 170 248
173 122 242
191 122 170 249
191 122 170 268 242
198 139 170 212 243
196 165 170 203 244
204 190 193 205 243
242 191 238 185 252
258 187 231 194 244
257 187 236 196 240
246 188 235 202 245
254 196 249 208 240
September 2008
-------
GM
338
330
317
297
290
232
232
220
228
216
215
201
203
206
214
212
211
217
219
220
223
219
222
219
226
224
226
238
235
241
234
228
242
238
294
287
266
252
198
193
188
193
190
189
180
175
180
185
185
184
191
191
197
196
197
199
199
203
200
201
203
204
212
205
204
204
203
Model Year 1975 To 2008 All Engine Size (CID)
Ford Chrysler Toyota Honda Nissan
301
302
125
83
118
305
295
120
84
114
316
302
115
88
112
287
273
119
90
112
261
244
118
97
111
217
198
119
100
107
207
173
119
100
116
200
187
124
100
120
209
172
122
101
120
205
167
125
104
128
208
172
126
104
133
199
170
127
107
137
192
179
125
109
131
196
181
123
115
128
196
182
126
112
132
202
192
132
119
147
196
188
132
122
147
210
193
136
125
142
199
202
140
119
146
208
218
141
123
144
210
203
146
118
156
211
215
147
126
152
220
217
150
124
155
217
221
155
129
155
217
231
157
139
161
218
217
166
142
172
221
227
165
145
173
218
220
176
149
177
227
228
170
159
187
238
230
181
158
210
221
227
172
160
204
224
234
177
163
204
211
231
178
158
197
217
223
180
157
201
by Marketing Group
HK VW BMW
95
161
100
159
99
148
98
147
99
150
100
136
106
131
109
142
118
146
119
143
121
160
90
121
175
90
121
172
90
118
186
99
118
178
103
122
181
102
121
166
101
124
156
105
145
162
98
134
164
110
138
167
106
137
162
111
137
182
111
133
185
116
134
179
117
135
182
122
136
191
134
132
179
146
132
174
156
153
174
156
158
171
163
156
187
161
164
191
170
177
190
L-40
-------
September 2008
Light-Duty Automotive Technology and
Fuel Economy Trends:
1975 Through 2008
Appendix M: Fuel Economy by
Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and
Weight Class
Compliance and Innovative Strategies Division
and
Transportation and Climate Division
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
NOTICE
This Technical Report does not necessarily represent final EPA decisions or positions.
It is intended to present technical analysis of issues using data that are currently available.
The purpose in the release of such reports is to facilitate an exchange of
technical information and to inform the public of technical developments.
-------
Table M-l
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year
1975 to
2008
GM Cars
YEAR
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
All
1975
21.6
27.0
22.4
19.4
16.6
15.0
13.9
12. 6
15.1
1976
29.4
26.8
26.9
23.5
20.4
17.9
16.3
14.8
13. 4
16.7
1977
31.4
26.6
28.6
25 .3
20.7
18.0
17. 0
14 .7
13.3
17.8
1978
30.7
27.7
25.9
20.3
18.0
16.3
14 .7
12.4
19.1
1979
33.5
28.7
25 . 6
20.2
17.6
17. 0
18.9
11.2
19.3
1980
29.9
27.4
26.1
23.9
20.9
19.0
19.0
13.2
22.0
1981
31.6
29.4
27.3
25 .2
22.5
20.8
20.5
12 .3
23.3
1982
34.3
32.4
28.8
27.2
22.4
20.8
25. 6
11.8
24.4
1983
34.7
33.0
30.1
26.5
22. 6
20.4
20.3
11.8
23.6
1984
35. 6
33.7
30.9
26.5
22.5
20.7
20.8
11.8
24.4
1985
57.4
40.8
33.9
31.0
27.3
23.3
22.4
26.2
25 . 6
1986
56.6
40.5
34.8
30.2
27.7
24.4
23.0
27.1
1987
57.0
46.1
39.6
34.4
31.6
28.5
24.5
22 .5
27.3
1988
51.5
45 .7
40.0
34.9
32.0
28 . 6
25.7
22.9
22.9
28.2
1989
59.5
48.1
40.4
33.9
31.9
28.2
25.2
23.1
22.4
27.5
1990
65.3
52 .2
35.4
32.0
28.4
25.7
22 . 6
20.5
27.3
1991
65.3
48.9
36.3
31.5
27.7
25.3
23.1
22.0
27.2
1992
65.3
48.2
34 . 6
31.7
27.7
25.1
22.8
22.7
26.7
1993
65.3
51.0
35 .5
31.5
28.0
25.8
22.8
22.5
17. 6
17.6
27.3
1994
65.8
49.1
35 .3
32.2
29.2
25.7
23.1
22.9
18.3
27.5
1995
54.5
39.5
36.3
33.1
29.8
25.9
23.3
22.8
18. 6
27.3
1996
37.2
33.3
30.4
26.3
24.2
23.2
18.2
27.8
1997
54.4
37. 9
37.0
33. 0
30.4
26.6
24.1
19.5
28.1
1998
53.6
38. 6
37.3
33.5
30.1
26.4
24.0
17.2
27.5
1999
50.3
38.1
36.9
34.4
30.4
26.5
24.3
19.3
27.4
2000
50.8
37. 8
37.0
34.4
30.4
26.9
25.1
18.3
27.6
2001
37.3
36.7
34. 6
30.9
27.5
25 .3
18 .3
28.1
2002
36.7
34.8
30.5
27.9
25 .5
18 .2
28.5
2003
31.9
28.3
25 . 6
18 . 6
28.4
2004
34.5
32 .3
28.3
25 .5
20.0
19.3
28.9
2005
34.3
32.1
29.0
25 . 6
20.4
20.1
19.0
28.8
2006
32.9
32 .2
29.1
25.9
22.4
17. 9
28.3
2007
34.4
32 .5
29.1
26.4
22.5
19.9
18.4
28 . 6
2008
34.8
32 .7
29.4
26.3
24.9
18.9
28.2
EPA420-R-08-015 M-l September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model
Year
1975 to
2008 GM
Wagons
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
24.9
22 .5
14. 6
23.2
15.3
25.4
17. 0
26.3
20.8
18 .2
16.3
26.0
20.8
18 .5
16.0
21.4
20.1
19.5
21.8
21.9
20.4
28.4
22.8
21.6
19.0
29.3
28.5
23.3
19.8
19.5
30.7
29.2
23.0
19.9
30.7
30.7
24.1
21.0
30.5
29.5
25.1
22.0
31.8
30.1
25.5
22.3
32.4
29.6
27.3
22.9
32.5
28 . 6
26.6
22.4
33. 4
30.1
26.6
22.8
31.2
30.1
26.1
22.8
30.9
29.4
26.1
22.7
31.6
29.3
26.4
22.5
32. 6
29.0
26.2
22.9
33.3
26.1
22.8
33.5
26.7
23.2
33.5
33. 9
34.5
29.6
26.3
34. 6
29.5
27.1
25 .3
34.2
29.5
29.0
26.2
29.5
28.7
25 . 6
34.9
29.0
26.5
35 .3
29.5
26.3
35.4
27.0
26.3
36.3
30.1
24.9
36.4
30.1
26.5
36.9
31.9
25.4
5000 5500 6000 6500 All
13.6 12.2 14.6
14.8 13.6 15.6
14.9 16.9
22.0 17.9
17.8
20.2
21.1
21.7
22.8
24.2
24.4
25.4
25 .7
26.5
26.0
26.3
25 .5
25.1
35.9 31.6 29.3 26.4 22.5 26.7
35.8 32.6 29.0 26.2 22.9 27.2
37.8 33.3 26.1 22.8 27.6
28.0
38.0 33.5 33.5
37.9 33.9 33.9
38.1 34.5 29.6 26.3 32.4
28.8
28.9
27.8
34.0
34 . 6
33.7
31.5
31.3
33.2
M-2
September 2008
-------
Table M-3
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year
1975 to
2008
GM Cars
and Wagons
YEAR
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
All
1975
21.6
25.8
22.4
19.4
16.6
15.0
13.9
12.5
15.1
1976
29.4
26.8
26.9
23.4
20.4
17.9
16.3
14.8
13.5
16.6
1977
31.4
26.6
28.6
25.4
20.7
18.0
17. 0
14.8
13.3
17.7
1978
30.7
27.7
25.9
20.3
18.1
16.3
15 .3
12.4
19.0
1979
33.5
28.7
25 . 6
20.3
17.7
16.8
18.9
11.2
19.1
1980
29.9
27.4
26.1
23.9
20.9
19.1
19.1
13.2
21.9
1981
31.6
29.4
27.3
25 .2
22.4
20.9
20.5
12 .3
23.2
1982
34.3
32.4
28.7
27.2
22.5
20.8
21.0
11.8
24.2
1983
34.7
33.0
30.0
26.5
22.7
20.4
19.8
11.8
23.5
1984
35. 6
33.7
30.9
26.6
22.5
20.7
20.2
11.8
24.4
1985
57.4
40.8
33.9
30.9
27.3
23.4
22.4
21.0
25 .5
1986
56.6
40.5
34.8
30.3
27.7
24.4
23.0
22.0
27.0
1987
57.0
46.1
39.6
34.4
31.6
28.5
24.6
22 .5
22.3
27.2
1988
51.5
45 .7
40.0
34.9
32.1
28 . 6
25.8
22.9
22.9
28.1
1989
59.5
48.1
40.4
33.9
31.9
28.2
25.2
23.1
22.4
27.4
1990
65.3
52 .2
35.4
32.0
28.4
25.8
22 . 6
21.3
27.3
1991
65.3
48.9
36.3
31.5
27.8
25.4
23.1
22.4
27.1
1992
65.3
48.2
34 . 6
31.7
27.8
25.1
22.8
22.7
26.6
1993
65.3
51.0
35 .5
31.5
28.0
25.8
22.8
22.5
17. 6
17.6
27.3
1994
65.8
49.1
35 .3
32.2
29.2
25.7
23.1
22.9
18.3
27.5
1995
54.5
39.5
36.4
33.1
29.8
25.9
23.3
22.8
18. 6
27.3
1996
37.2
33.3
30.4
26.3
24.2
23.2
18.2
27.8
1997
54.4
37. 9
37.0
33.1
30.4
26.6
24.1
19.5
28.1
1998
53.6
38. 6
37.3
33. 6
30.1
26.4
24.0
17.2
27.6
1999
50.3
38.1
36.9
34.4
30.4
26.5
24.3
19.3
27.4
2000
50.8
37. 8
37.0
34.4
30.4
26.9
25.1
18.3
27.6
2001
37.3
36.7
34. 6
30.9
27.5
25.4
18 .3
28.1
2002
36.7
34.8
30.5
27.9
25 .5
18 .2
28.5
2003
32 .3
28.3
25 . 6
18 . 6
28 . 6
2004
34.5
32 . 6
28.3
25 .5
20.0
19.3
29.1
2005
34.3
32 .5
28.9
25 . 6
20.4
20.1
19.0
29.0
2006
32.9
32 .7
29.2
25.9
22.4
17. 9
28 . 6
2007
34.4
32 .7
29.3
26.4
22.5
19.9
18.4
28.8
2008
34.8
33.3
30.1
26.3
24.9
18.9
28.7
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
M-3
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 GM Vans
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
All
15 .3
12.4
12 .7
11.1
10.6
14.4
15.1
12. 6
12 . 6
11.1
11.9
11.5
14.0
16.6
13. 4
13.3
13.0
12.3
15.0
16.4
12.8
12.4
12 .5
11.7
14.1
18 . 6
14.5
13.3
12.8
14 .7
18 .5
16.0
14 .3
16.7
19.3
17.7
15.8
18.0
19. 6
17.7
16.0
11.9
11.9
17.9
19.7
18.5
19.7
20.1
18.9
20.0
18.1
17.3
17.3
18 .2
23.9
21.8
16.7
16.8
13. 9
21.3
18 .7
26.4
21.4
17.3
17.0
13. 9
23.1
19.4
24.7
21.7
17. 4
17.4
17. 0
22.9
19.8
25.5
21.9
17. 9
18.1
17.3
21.7
20.2
24.4
22 .2
17. 9
17.6
17.5
21.3
20.2
23.5
22 . 6
19.2
18 .3
17.3
21.5
20.7
23.7
22.9
19.5
17.4
17.2
20.4
20.8
23.7
22 .5
19.8
19.2
16.7
20.1
20.8
23.7
22 .5
20.0
19.1
16.9
21.3
20.7
23.7
22 .7
20.0
19.1
17.2
20.6
21.0
23.7
22.8
19.5
18 .5
17.7
20.4
20.6
28.1
23.8
21.1
18 .7
17. 6
17.3
21.5
24.9
23.8
21.2
19.2
18.4
21.9
27.0
23.8
21.4
18 . 6
18.0
22 .2
26.9
24.2
20.9
18.4
17. 9
22.0
24.4
20.9
18 .5
17. 4
22.1
25 .3
21.1
18.4
17. 8
22.9
25 .2
20.5
17.8
18.1
22 .3
25.4
21.8
19.0
19.0
18 .5
23.2
25 .2
20.9
19.4
19.0
19.2
23.1
24.4
23.2
20.1
19.5
18 . 6
22 . 6
24.4
20.5
19.4
18.8
22.9
24.1
20.4
19.2
18.1
22 . 6
24.0
21.7
19.4
17.8
20.9
M-4
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 GM SUVs
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
15 . 6
14.0
11.2
10.2
10.3
14.3
17.3
14.8
12 .7
11.4
11.9
18.0
15.9
12.9
11.5
11.9
17.6
15.1
12 . 6
11.6
11.4
12.3
11.7
10.6
16.4
14 . 6
13. 8
13.4
17.2
16.4
14.1
25.8
16.6
19.3
18.9
17.1
21.2
21.2
24.5
22.0
17.0
20.2
20.8
28.3
23.3
22.1
17.1
17. 9
21.0
23.4
22.0
17.0
16.1
21.4
22.4
20.3
17.1
15.7
22.1
22.5
20.7
16.6
16.8
20.9
23.1
21.2
16.5
16.5
18 .3
31.3
22.9
21.5
16.8
17.5
15.8
31.3
28.7
22.3
20.6
16.6
17.3
16.0
30.1
28.9
23.1
21.1
16.5
17.2
15 .7
29.3
28.9
22. 6
20.3
18.9
16.1
16.3
14.9
29.2
29.0
22.9
21.8
20.3
16.9
16.8
15.8
28.9
28.7
22.1
20.9
21.0
16.9
16.8
16.1
29.6
28.4
20.7
21.3
17.7
16.9
15 .7
28.2
28.1
22.0
21.0
18.4
17. 4
16.8
27.9
28.1
28.1
21.5
20.9
19.1
17. 8
16.7
28.5
28.4
27.7
25.9
21.6
21.2
18.1
17. 4
16.8
31.0
28.5
26.3
21.4
20.5
18.0
17. 8
31.1
28.4
27.6
21.6
20.8
17.2
18.2
16.8
31.0
28.4
24.1
22.9
20.1
18.4
17.0
30.2
26.6
23.0
20.6
19.5
18.7
18.0
28.3
26.6
23.6
20.8
19. 6
18.9
17.7
27.5
25.0
21.4
20.3
19.1
17.7
28.8
24.9
21.9
19.9
19.1
18 .5
29.6
24.8
21.5
20.3
19.4
18 .2
30.7
25.0
19.8
20.9
20.1
25 .2
22.1
21.9
20.5
20.2
6500
20.2
All
11.8
13.1
14 .7
14.0
11.3
14 .5
16.2
19.3
20.7
20.5
20.7
19.7
19.9
19.9
20.4
19.9
21.0
19.9
20.1
20.0
19.8
20.2
19.7
20.7
20.2
19.9
19.7
19.9
19.7
20.0
20.7
21.5
21.2
22.0
M-5
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year
1975 to
2008
GM Pickups
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
22.3
15.0
15.1
11.3
11.0
10.5
25.0
15.8
15.8
12.5
11.9
11.8
25.1
24.3
16.5
16.5
13. 4
13.1
11.8
27.0
25.0
18.1
15 .3
13.5
12 .7
12.0
12 .7
27.4
23.4
19.8
17.9
15.0
13.7
12.1
10.9
27.7
24 . 6
19.9
18 .7
16.7
16.8
13.5
9.9
28.5
30.0
21.4
19.3
18.0
18 .2
29.9
26.0
21.0
19. 6
18.4
20.6
22.4
32.3
26.7
24.0
19. 6
18.2
19.1
22.1
31.1
25 .5
23.3
19.9
18.0
18.0
21.9
31.0
26.1
23.1
20.5
17.3
17.1
21.1
19. 6
30.2
26.7
22.0
20.5
17. 8
17.0
21.1
30.0
26.6
22.1
20.5
17.7
16.5
21.1
28.3
22.8
20.2
17. 9
17.0
16.9
19. 6
27.9
22.7
20.8
17. 8
16.8
19.2
21.2
27.4
22.5
20.3
17. 6
17.0
18. 6
20.5
26.9
23.5
20.9
18.2
16.6
17. 6
19.5
26.2
23.3
21.3
18.5
16.8
16.4
25.4
23.6
21.6
19.2
17.1
17.1
28.1
25.2
21.4
18.5
17.0
17. 4
18.1
27.2
26.5
21.4
18.5
16.9
17.5
18.1
31.3
28.3
22 .5
19.9
18.1
18.1
18 .7
31.3
27.6
22 .2
20.5
18.8
17. 6
18 .7
27.8
21.8
20.0
17.8
17. 4
19.0
27.1
21.1
20.4
18 .7
16.9
16.9
25.5
20.9
20.5
18.9
16.4
24.8
20.8
20.8
19.4
16.3
22.4
22 .2
19.8
18.9
17. 9
17.9
25.3
22 .5
20.2
19.0
17. 4
18.0
24.7
24.2
20.8
19.5
18.5
18.8
25.2
24.0
21.1
19.8
19.4
18.4
25.0
24.2
21.4
20.3
19.3
18 . 6
22.5
22.1
21.1
20.3
19.9
20.4
25.8
24.1
21.9
21.0
20.5
19.9
11.8
12.0
14 .3
14 . 6
15 .2
14 .7
15 .2
18 .5
20.0
21.9
21.3
20.7
20.4
20.8
21.3
20.4
20.5
19.2
21.4
20.3
20.2
20.0
20.2
21.3
20.5
21.1
19.8
20.8
20.4
19.1
20.1
20.0
20.4
20.7
20.3
21.0
M-6
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 GM Trucks
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
All
22.3
15.0
15 .2
11.9
11.2
10.5
10.9
10.6
14.1
25.0
15.8
15 .7
12.7
12 .3
11.7
11.9
11.5
14 .3
25.1
24.3
16.5
16.5
13. 9
13.1
11.7
12.4
12.3
15.1
27.0
25.0
18.1
15 .5
13. 6
12 . 6
12.0
11.8
11.7
14 .5
27.4
23.4
19.8
18.0
14.9
13.1
11.4
10.9
14 .5
27.7
24 . 6
19.9
18 . 6
16.5
16.1
13. 6
12.9
12.0
17.9
28.5
30.0
21.4
19.3
17. 9
17.2
14.1
19.4
29.9
26.0
21.0
19. 6
18.2
19.3
21.7
21.1
21.0
32.3
26.7
24.1
20.4
18.3
18 .5
20.7
20.8
20.7
31.1
25 . 6
23.3
21.0
18.0
17.5
18.7
21.0
20.2
31.0
26.1
23.3
21.6
17.1
17.0
16.7
21.4
20.2
30.2
26.7
22.4
20.8
17. 6
17.1
16.1
22 .2
20.2
30.0
26.6
22.3
21.2
17. 6
16.7
16.9
21.2
20.5
28.3
22.9
21.2
17. 9
17.0
16.6
18 .7
20.2
31.3
27.9
22.8
21.5
17. 8
16.8
17. 6
15.8
20.4
31.3
28.7
27.4
22.5
21.2
18.3
17.0
17. 4
16.0
19.7
30.1
28.9
26.9
23.4
21.4
18.8
16.6
17.2
15.8
20.2
21.2
29.3
28.9
26.2
23.2
21.2
19.1
17.1
16.3
14.9
20.3
29.2
29.0
25.4
23.5
21.9
19.6
17.3
16.8
15.8
20.3
28.9
28.7
28.1
24.7
21.6
19.6
17.2
16.9
16.2
20.2
29.6
28.4
27.2
26.5
21.6
19.6
17.1
16.9
15.8
20.1
28.2
28.2
28.3
22 . 6
20.5
18 .2
17.5
16.8
20.8
27.9
28.1
28.2
27.5
22 .7
20.9
18.9
17.7
16.7
20.4
28.5
28.4
27.7
27.7
22 . 6
20.8
18.0
17. 4
18.0
21.2
31.0
28.5
27.0
22 .7
20.5
18 .5
17. 6
16.9
20.3
31.1
28.4
25. 6
22.9
20.7
18.8
18.1
16.8
20.7
31.0
28.4
24.5
23.4
20.4
19.3
18.3
17.0
20.4
30.2
25.3
23.8
20.4
18.9
18. 6
18.0
19.8
28.3
25.8
24.5
20.7
19.2
18.7
17.8
20.2
26.8
24.9
21.2
19.8
18.9
17.9
20.2
27.0
24 . 6
22.0
19.9
19.2
18 .5
20.8
27.3
24.7
22.3
20.3
19.3
18 .3
21.3
27.0
24.3
21.6
20.6
19.9
20.1
20.9
25.8
24.9
22.3
21.7
20.5
20.1
21.6
M-7
September 2008
-------
Table M-8
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
YEAR
1975
21.6
23.3
1976
29.4
26.8
25.3
1977
31.4
26.6
25.2
1978
30.7
27.7
27.0
1979
33.5
28.7
27.4
1980
29.9
27.4
26.3
1981
31.6
29.4
27.5
1982
34.3
32.4
28.9
1983
34.7
33.0
30.1
1984
35. 6
33.7
30.9
1985
57.4
40.8
33.9
30.9
1986
56.6
40.5
34.8
30.3
1987
57.0
46.1
39.6
34.4
31.5
1988
51.5
45 .7
40.0
34.9
32.1
1989
59.5
48.1
40.4
33.2
31.9
1990
65.3
52 .2
34 . 6
31.9
1991
65.3
48.9
35 .7
31.4
1992
65.3
48.2
33.7
31.5
1993
65.3
51.0
34 .5
31.4
1994
65.8
49.1
34.1
32.0
1995
54.5
39.5
35.4
32.5
1996
37.2
32. 6
1997
54.4
37. 9
36.7
32.9
1998
53.6
38. 6
36.7
33. 4
1999
50.3
38.1
36.9
34.4
2000
50.8
37. 8
37.0
34.4
2001
37.3
36.7
34. 6
2002
36.7
34.8
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
34.5
34.3
32.9
34.4
34.8
Year
1975 to
2008
GM All
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
22.4
18.0
15.9
14.7
13.4
12.4
23.4
18.9
17.0
15.8
14 .2
13.3
25 .3
19.8
17.6
16.5
14.0
12.3
25.8
20.3
17.4
15.2
13.0
12.2
24.9
20.3
17.7
16.0
13.3
11.4
23.9
20.9
19.0
18.1
16.0
13. 6
25.4
22.4
20.5
19.4
17.1
14.1
26.9
22.4
20.6
19.3
19.2
21.7
26.5
22.8
20.4
18.9
18 .5
20.7
26.5
22. 6
20.8
18.7
17.5
18.7
27.2
23.4
22 .2
17. 8
17.0
16.7
27.6
24.2
21.8
18.4
17.1
16.1
28.2
24.3
21.8
18.4
16.7
16.9
28 . 6
25.4
21.6
18. 6
17.0
16.6
28.2
24.9
21.7
18.4
16.8
17. 6
28.3
25. 6
21.7
18. 6
17.0
17. 4
27.6
25.0
22 .2
19.2
16.6
17.2
27.5
24.9
21.9
19.7
17.1
16.3
27.6
25. 6
22 .3
19.9
17.3
16.9
29.1
25.5
22 .2
19.9
17.2
16.9
29.8
26.0
22.4
19.8
17.1
17. 0
30.4
26.6
23.4
20.8
18 .2
17.5
30.4
26.7
23.3
20.9
18.9
17.7
30.1
26.6
23.2
20.8
18.0
17. 4
30.3
26.5
23.4
20.5
18 .5
17. 6
30.3
26.7
24.0
20.7
18.8
18.1
30.6
27.1
24.4
20.4
19.3
18.3
30.5
27.8
24.7
20.4
18.9
18. 6
32 .2
27.7
25.1
20.7
19.2
18.7
32 . 6
28.2
25 .2
21.2
19.8
18.9
32 .5
28.8
25 .2
22.0
19.9
19.2
32 .7
29.0
25 .5
22.3
20.3
19.3
32 .7
29.0
25.8
21.6
20.6
19.9
33.3
29.9
25.9
22. 6
21.7
20.5
10.9
11.9
12.4
11.8
10.9
12.9
21.1
20.8
21.0
21.4
22 .2
21.2
18 .7
15.8
16.0
15.8
14.9
15.9
16.2
15.8
16.8
16.7
18.0
16.9
16.8
17.0
18.0
17.8
17.9
18 .5
18 .3
20.1
20.1
10.6
11.5
12.3
11.7
12.0
20.2
17. 9
14.9
16.1
17.2
17.9
18.0
21.3
22 . 6
23.5
22.9
23.5
24.0
25 .2
25 .3
25 .2
24.8
24.5
24.8
24.2
24.3
24.1
23.9
24.7
24.4
24.5
23.8
24.0
23.9
23.2
23.2
23.4
23.9
24.4
23.8
24.3
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
M-8
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 Ford Cars
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000 6500
All
24.5
22.1
20.9
21.5
16.6
13.5
12.9
11.4
11.4
14 .2
29.2
25.7
21.5
24.5
25.1
18.7
17.1
15.1
14 . 6
13.2
16.9
31.3
28.1
25.4
23.6
19.2
18 .3
16.3
14 .3
12.7
16.9
37.3
33. 9
22 .5
25.3
22 .2
19.7
18 .3
16.7
14 . 6
13.5
18.9
32.1
30.4
24.0
21.9
19.4
17.8
16.1
13.9
19.4
29.8
31.7
24.5
23.5
20.1
18.9
18.1
22 .7
38 .5
33.5
26.4
29.5
22.9
20.5
18.8
23.7
35.3
30.0
29.4
22 . 6
21.3
19.7
12.0
24.9
34. 6
28.5
30.5
23.2
22.5
19.8
11.2
11.3
24.1
38.1
31.1
29.2
25.8
23.3
19.9
11.2
11.3
25 .5
38.3
32.0
30.6
27.6
23.2
20.6
10.4
10.3
26.1
33. 4
34.0
30.5
27.3
24.5
21.7
10.4
10.3
26.7
34.0
34 .5
30.6
26.7
24.9
21.7
10.9
10.9
26.7
45 .7
33.1
33.9
31.9
27.3
25.4
22 . 6
10.9
10.9
27.1
41.4
33.2
33.6
31.6
27.9
25.8
23.4
16.5
10.9
27.1
44.4
37. 8
33.7
32.2
27.9
25.8
23.5
17. 0
10.9
26.7
43.8
37.7
35 .5
32.9
26.5
25.9
23.7
17. 0
27.4
44.7
37.7
34.4
32.4
27.6
26.3
24.2
17. 0
27.0
44.9
37. 6
35 .5
32.7
28.3
26.2
24.2
15.3
27.7
41.1
32.9
33.7
28.5
26.1
23.8
15.9
27.1
41.1
32.8
34.9
30.5
26.4
23.4
17.2
27.6
39.8
31.0
35.0
29.5
26.0
23.4
21.4
26.6
42.5
31.7
34.4
30.2
25.7
23.3
22.2
27.0
33. 8
30.5
26.1
23.0
19.6
27.5
31.1
34.0
30.4
26.4
23.4
19.7
27.4
31.1
33. 4
31.9
26.3
23.5
20.3
27.1
33.1
32 . 6
25.8
23.7
21.9
26.9
32.9
31.7
26.5
23.6
22.3
27.2
31.5
32 .2
26.4
24.0
23.5
17.4
26.8
29.6
31.8
26.3
24.5
23.0
18.9
26.2
28.2
32.8
26.8
25.4
24.0
27.4
30.6
33.6
27.5
25 .2
23.0
27.4
30.2
34 .7
27.6
25.1
22.8
19.1
28.3
34.1
34.8
28.4
25.0
22.1
27.4
M-9
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year
1975 to
2008
Ford Wagons
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500 5000
5500
6000
6500
All
24.5
15.9
21.5
18.7
12.9 11.1
11.0
14.1
28.4
21.3
25 .3
19.1
15.0
13. 6
16.5
30.9
23.3
20.3
14.4
12.7
16.4
23.5
19.4
15 .2
13.5
18 . 6
31.4
23.3
19.6
18 .5
16.0
19.9
33.7
28.7
23.9
21.2
18.9
18.0
23.0
34. 6
30.1
23.3
20.8
18.8
17.2
25.4
34.5
31.3
22.0
19.9
25.4
33. 4
30.7
24.1
19.8
25.8
31.3
32.4
41.1
25.8
24.7
19.9
26.1
31.3
33.2
41.1
24.6
20.7
26.8
31.3
32.9
36.6
25.4
22.0
27.3
34.1
32.4
25.0
21.8
26.7
33.7
32.3
24.9
22 . 6
26.5
33.8
31.3
24.8
22.8
25.8
36.1
32.5
24.8
22 .5
25 .3
34.2
26.0
23.5
28 . 6
35.1
26.4
28.3
34. 6
26.4
31.0
35.8
26.1
30.8
34.7
26.2
23.5
30.8
33.7
26.3
25.1
27.5
34.4
26.3
24.9
29.2
33. 8
26.4
24.5
27.5
34.4
26.8
25.0
27.2
33.3
27.4
24.7
27.6
32.9
29.3
24.0
26.9
31.6
28.7
25 .7
27.8
31.7
28.8
25 .3
27.9
31.4
26.2
25 .5
26.3
33.1
27.6
25.1
27.9
33.8
27.4
25.8
27.8
35.4
27.5
24.9
27.6
30.6
24.7
22.1
25.0
M-10
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model
Year
1975 to
2008 Ford Cars
and Wagons
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000 6500
All
24.5
23.0
19.6
21.5
16.7
13.5
12.9
11.4
11.3
14 .2
29.2
25.7
22.0
24.2
25.1
18.7
17.1
15.1
14 .7
13.3
16.8
31.3
29.9
25.4
23.5
19.3
18 .3
16.3
14 .3
12.7
16.8
37.3
33. 9
22 .5
25.3
22 .3
19.6
18 .3
16.7
14 .7
13.5
18.9
32.1
30.4
31.4
24.0
22.0
19.5
17.9
16.1
13.9
19.5
29.8
32.0
28.7
24.5
23.6
20.2
18.9
18.1
22 .7
38 .5
33.5
28.5
29.5
22.9
20.6
18.8
17.2
23.9
35.3
30.3
29.4
22 . 6
21.5
19.7
12.0
24.9
34. 6
29.1
30.5
23.2
22.8
19.8
11.2
11.3
24.3
38.1
31.4
29.3
25.8
23.5
19.9
11.2
11.3
25 . 6
38.3
32 .2
30.6
27.6
23.4
20.6
10.4
10.3
26.2
33. 4
33.8
30.6
27.3
24.7
21.8
10.4
10.3
26.8
34.0
34 .5
30.7
26.7
24.9
21.7
10.9
10.9
26.7
45 .7
33.1
33.9
31.9
27.3
25.3
22 . 6
10.9
10.9
27.0
41.4
33.2
33.6
31.6
27.9
25. 6
23.4
16.5
10.9
27.0
44.4
37. 8
33.7
32.2
27.9
25. 6
23.5
17. 0
10.9
26.6
43.8
37.7
35 .5
33.1
26.5
25.9
23.7
17. 0
27.5
44.7
37.7
34.4
32.8
27.6
26.3
24.2
17. 0
27.1
44.9
37. 6
35 .5
33.3
28.3
26.2
24.2
15.3
28.0
41.1
32.9
34.2
28.5
26.1
23.8
15.9
27.4
41.1
32.8
34.8
30.5
26.4
23.4
17.2
27.9
39.8
31.0
34.7
29.5
26.0
23.6
21.4
26.7
42.5
31.7
34.4
30.2
25.7
23.5
22.2
27.2
33. 8
30.5
26.1
23.2
19.6
27.5
31.1
34.1
30.4
26.4
23.6
19.7
27.4
31.1
33. 4
32.0
26.4
23.6
20.3
27.1
33.1
32 .7
25.9
23.7
21.9
26.9
32.9
31.7
26.5
24.0
22.3
27.2
31.5
32.1
26.5
24.3
23.5
17.4
26.9
29.6
31.8
26.3
24.8
23.0
18.9
26.2
28.2
32.8
26.8
25 .3
24.0
27.4
30.6
33.6
27.5
25 .2
23.0
27.4
30.2
34 .7
27.6
25.1
22.8
19.1
28.2
34.1
34.8
28.5
25.0
22.1
27.3
M-ll
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 Ford Vans
29.0
30.9
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
13.0
11.5
11.1
13.4
13.5
11.4
16.0
14.0
11.7
15.4
13. 8
11.9
15 . 6
12.4
11.1
11.0
10.6
19.7
17.1
14 . 6
12.4
10.9
19.9
16.9
14 . 6
13. 4
19.3
16.1
14.8
13. 4
18.8
16.2
15.0
12.1
18.8
15.7
14.8
12.1
18.9
15.5
15.0
12.3
23.3
21.4
18.3
16.0
12.8
23.3
21.9
17. 8
15.8
13. 6
22.5
21.8
18.4
16.7
13. 6
22.7
22.1
17. 8
16.5
13. 6
22.9
21.1
17. 9
16.3
14.2
23.2
21.3
18.0
16.6
15.0
23.9
21.7
19.6
17.3
16.0
14.8
23.7
22.4
19.9
17.3
16.0
23.7
22.1
20.0
17.4
16.1
15 .5
23.4
22.8
19.4
17.5
16.2
16.0
23.5
22.8
19.8
17.1
15.8
16.1
22.3
22.4
19.3
19.0
17.2
16.4
23.3
19.2
19.3
17. 4
16.4
22.8
22.2
18.1
17. 4
16.1
23.0
22.4
18 .5
18.0
16.2
22.8
19. 6
17. 4
16.0
23.0
22.9
19.1
17. 8
17.1
23.7
23.2
19.1
17.3
23.7
22.1
19.4
19.3
16.9
25 .5
23.6
19.3
19.0
16.9
25.8
23.1
19.1
19.0
16.9
26.5
23.4
24.1
6500
14.2
All
12 . 6
13.4
15 .5
15.0
12.1
16.2
16.8
16.2
16.3
16.6
16.2
19.7
19. 6
19.4
20.0
19.5
19.9
19.9
20.9
20.0
21.6
21.4
20.7
22 .3
20.9
21.8
18 .5
22.1
22.4
21.8
23.5
22 .7
24.3
24.1
M-12
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 Ford SUVs
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
10.6
13.7
14 .5
13.2
11.0
14.8
13.1
16.4
13.3
15.8
13.2
16.7
13.1
21.2
16.9
14.0
21.8
18.4
14.0
22.2
18.0
16.0
22.8
17. 0
16.0
22.2
17.1
16.2
23.1
21.8
15.8
16.2
23.2
21.9
16.5
16.0
21.1
20.1
16.1
21.2
19.9
16.2
21.6
20.1
16.3
20.9
20.0
17.0
21.6
19.8
16.8
22 .3
19.8
16.5
20.9
19.3
18.0
16.9
21.2
19.4
18.1
16.8
16.0
21.4
19.4
17.4
17.2
16.4
20.9
19.6
18 .5
17.3
16.2
24.1
21.2
20.9
16.8
15 . 6
24.4
21.0
19.6
18 . 6
17.3
15.9
24.3
21.2
20.0
18 .7
17. 6
16.9
24.3
21.7
20.3
19.2
18.3
16.8
26.2
24.4
19.7
18.9
17.9
26.6
26.1
20.4
19.7
19.0
18.1
26.6
25 .2
23.0
19. 6
18.3
18 .5
27.8
26.2
23.4
20.0
18.4
All
10.6
13.7
14 .5
13.2
11.0
14.0
15.1
14.8
15 .3
18 .3
18.8
19.8
20.4
20.1
19.2
18 . 6
20.1
20.0
20.1
20.0
19.4
19.5
18 .7
18 .7
18 .7
18.8
21.2
20.1
19.5
19. 6
21.3
21.1
22 .2
23.4
M-13
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year
1975 to
2008
Ford Pickups
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
All
20.7
14.2
12 . 6
11.7
10.9
9.3
12 . 6
22.4
17.5
14 .7
12. 6
11.4
10.8
13.9
29.1
20.7
17.1
13. 9
12 .7
12.0
16.0
29.3
19.6
17.1
13. 9
12.9
12.4
10.9
15.9
26.6
18.4
15.4
13.5
11.0
9.5
14.8
30.2
26.3
17.5
18.9
14.7
13.3
12.5
18 .2
28.9
27.2
21.6
19.2
15.0
13.6
13.3
19. 6
29.6
29.9
22.2
18 .3
14.3
14 .2
18.9
28.5
25.9
21.6
17.9
15. 6
13.6
21.1
29.4
26.6
22.0
18 .2
15.7
14 .7
21.0
28.6
25 .7
23.0
18.4
16.5
13.3
20.3
28.8
27.2
23.1
19.0
17.5
15 .3
21.7
29.0
27.0
23.0
19.2
17.1
15.9
22.1
27.4
22. 6
19. 6
17. 9
15 . 6
21.6
27.8
23.5
20.2
18.2
16.0
21.1
28.9
23.2
20.2
18. 6
15.9
21.3
28.7
24.4
20.2
18.4
16.2
21.4
28.1
26.0
21.3
18.5
16.9
20.8
28.8
25. 6
21.7
19.1
17.0
21.3
29.8
25.7
20.9
19.1
17.5
21.7
26.9
22.0
19.0
17.4
15. 6
20.5
26.3
21.8
18.4
17.1
21.4
27.2
21.6
20.0
18.4
16.4
21.2
25.2
21.2
20.1
18.0
16.6
21.0
24.1
20.5
20.1
17.9
15.9
20.5
24.4
20.8
20.1
18.4
16.6
20.6
24.2
20.4
20.4
18 . 6
17. 4
19.9
24.8
20.4
20.3
18.8
17.5
15.9
20.1
26.2
21.1
20.6
18.8
17.3
15.8
20.1
25.8
21.0
20.3
19.2
19.0
17.8
19.4
26.0
21.0
19.7
19.8
18.7
18.0
16.3
19.2
26.5
21.2
19.9
18.8
17.6
15.2
19.0
26.6
20.7
20.2
19.2
17.8
15.1
19. 6
26.6
20.6
21.1
20.1
19.0
18.4
16.0
19.7
M-14
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 Ford Trucks
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
All
20.7
14.2
12.8
11.7
10.9
9.3
12 . 6
22.4
17.5
14 .3
12.8
11.7
10.8
13.8
29.1
20.7
16.8
13. 9
13.1
12.0
15.8
29.3
19.6
16.5
13. 9
13.1
12.4
10.9
15 . 6
26.6
18.4
15.4
13.1
11.0
9.7
10.6
14.0
30.2
26.3
17.5
19.0
15.3
13.6
12.4
10.9
17.5
28.9
27.2
21.6
19.3
15.9
13.9
13.3
18.9
29.6
29.9
22.2
18.4
15.5
14 .2
13. 4
17.9
28.5
25.9
21.6
18.0
16.0
14.1
12.1
19.7
29.4
26.6
21.5
18 .3
15.8
14.4
12.1
19.8
28.6
25 .7
22.2
18 .5
16.2
14 .3
12.3
19.3
28.8
27.3
22.7
19.7
17. 8
15.9
12.8
21.0
29.0
27.0
22.9
20.6
17.3
15.9
13. 6
21.2
27.4
22.4
20.7
17. 9
16.3
13. 6
20.9
27.8
23.3
21.7
18.1
16.2
13. 6
20.5
28.9
23.2
21.0
18.5
16.1
14.2
20.4
28.7
24.3
21.1
19.2
16.3
15.0
20.7
28.1
25.9
21.5
19.1
16.9
16.0
14.8
20.4
28.8
25.5
22.1
19.5
17.0
16.0
20.9
29.8
25. 6
21.4
19.5
17.4
16.1
15 .5
20.9
26.8
22 .7
19.3
17.3
16.2
16.0
20.7
26.2
22 .7
19.3
16.9
15.8
16.1
20.8
27.0
21.9
19.6
18.4
16.9
16.4
20.2
25.2
22 .3
19.7
18 .2
16.8
16.0
20.3
24.1
21.2
20.3
17.9
17.1
16.4
19.9
24.4
21.2
20.6
18 .5
17.3
16.2
14.2
20.1
24.1
21.0
20.8
18 .7
17. 4
15.8
20.2
24.5
21.0
20.2
18.8
17.5
15.9
20.3
24.9
21.5
20.9
18.8
17.5
16.9
20.1
24.8
21.4
20.7
19.2
18.8
17.4
19.7
26.1
23.7
21.0
19.3
18.7
18.0
16.3
20.6
26.6
24 . 6
21.8
19.7
18.8
17.8
15.2
20.3
26.6
24.2
23.1
19.9
19.2
18.0
15.1
21.0
27.5
24.9
23.4
20.1
19.0
18.4
16.0
21.8
M-15
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 Ford All
2000
2250
2500
24.5
23.0
29.2
25.7
22.0
31.3
29.9
37.3
33. 9
22 .5
32.1
30.4
31.4
29.8
32.0
28.7
38 .5
33.5
28.5
35.3
30.3
34. 6
29.1
38.1
31.4
38.3
32 .2
33. 4
33.8
34.0
34 .5
45 .7
33.1
33.9
41.4
33.2
33.6
44.4
37. 8
33.7
43.8
37.7
35 .5
44.7
37.7
34.4
44.9
37. 6
35 .5
41.1
32.9
41.1
32.8
39.8
31.0
42.5
31.7
31.1
31.1
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
19.6
21.4
16.7
13.1
12.3
11.3
11.1
24.2
24 . 6
18.7
15 .7
14.0
14.1
13. 0
25.4
24.8
19.3
17.5
15.4
14.1
12. 6
25.3
23.0
19.6
16.7
15.9
14 .2
13. 0
10.9
24.0
22.4
19.5
16.5
15.0
12 .2
9.7
10.6
24.5
23.8
20.2
19.0
16.0
13.6
12.4
10.9
29.3
23.2
20.8
19.1
16.0
13.9
13.3
29.5
23.2
21.5
19.1
15.5
14 .2
13. 4
28.9
24.2
22.7
19.0
16.0
14.1
12.1
29.3
26.2
23.0
19.2
15.8
14.4
12.1
30.4
26.7
23.1
19.8
16.2
14 .3
12.3
30.4
27.3
24.1
20.7
17. 8
15.9
12.8
30.5
26.8
24.4
21.2
17.3
15.9
13. 6
31.9
27.4
24.5
21.9
17. 9
16.3
13. 6
31.6
27.8
25.1
22 .7
18.1
16.2
13. 6
32.2
28.1
25.0
22 .5
18.4
16.1
14.2
33.1
27.0
25.5
22.4
19.2
16.3
15.0
32.8
27.6
26.2
23.1
19.1
16.9
16.0
14.8
33.3
28.4
26.0
23.1
19.5
17.0
16.0
34.2
28 . 6
25.9
22 .7
19.5
17.4
16.1
15 .5
34.8
30.5
26.5
23.0
19.3
17.3
16.2
16.0
34.7
29.5
26.1
23.2
19.3
16.9
15.8
16.1
34.4
30.2
26.1
22.8
19.6
18.4
16.9
16.4
33. 8
30.5
25.8
22 . 6
19.7
18 .2
16.8
16.0
34.1
30.4
25.8
22 .3
20.3
17.9
17.1
16.4
33. 4
32.0
25.9
22.4
20.6
18 .5
17.3
16.2
14.2
33.1
32 .7
25.3
22.4
20.8
18 .7
17. 4
15.8
32.9
31.7
25.8
22 . 6
20.2
18.8
17.5
15.9
31.5
32.1
25.9
22 . 6
21.5
18.8
17.5
16.9
29.6
31.8
25.8
23.2
21.2
19.2
18.8
17.4
18.9
28.2
32.8
26.6
24.5
21.8
19.3
18.7
18.0
16.3
30.6
33.6
27.3
25.0
22.3
19.7
18.8
17.8
15.2
30.2
34 .7
27.4
24.7
23.0
19.9
19.2
18.0
19.1
34.1
34.8
28.0
25.0
22.9
20.1
19.0
18.4
16.0
All
13.8
15.9
16.5
17.8
17.6
21.1
22 .2
22 .7
22 .5
23.4
23.8
24.4
24.4
24.7
24.5
24.1
24.5
23.9
24.8
24.1
24.3
23.6
23.1
23.0
22.9
23.0
22 .7
22 .7
22.4
21.7
23.1
23.0
24.1
23.7
M-16
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 Chrysler Cars
2000
2250
2500
23.7
28 . 6
34.2
29.5
38. 6
28.7
37.6
35.9
28.1
38.8
31.3
27.4
41.7
34.1
29.6
41.7
36.5
32 . 6
42 .7
36.0
34 .7
44.8
36.2
31.4
37.5
31.4
39.3
31.7
38.8
30.2
39.7
32.4
36.5
35 .3
37.0
36.8
42.5
37.0
41.8
35.8
41.8
37.4
41.7
33.9
2750
3000
3500
4000
22.2
20.8
19.6
16.6
24.5
21.9
19.6
17.6
22.4
21.5
20.9
17.1
29.9
24.7
20.2
17.3
25.1
23.1
20.3
17.9
25.8
23.0
20.1
17.2
26.7
23.3
21.1
18 .5
28.8
26.1
22.2
19.8
30.2
25 .7
22.7
19.3
28.9
26.5
22.3
19.7
29.8
26.2
24.6
21.4
29.8
27.0
24.1
21.5
29.3
26.5
23.3
21.5
30.3
27.7
24.9
21.4
30.7
28.5
24.7
21.2
31.6
28.7
25.4
24.2
32.0
28 . 6
25.3
23.9
32. 6
28.8
25.4
23.8
32.3
29.0
25.7
23.8
31.9
28.3
25.0
23.4
31.9
29.0
26.1
23.9
31.1
30.1
26.1
24.0
31.2
29.8
26.2
24.0
31.8
31.6
26.6
24.5
31.1
27.9
27.3
24.5
32.5
30.6
26.6
25.0
34. 6
31.9
27.1
25 .2
36.1
31.5
26.9
24.7
37.1
32.9
28.3
25 .3
37.1
32 .5
28.1
25 .3
33.3
32.1
28.0
26.3
28.1
25 . 6
30.2
25.8
30.1
26.2
6500 All
12.9
13.7
12. 6
15
14.1
13.5
12.4
16
14. 6
13.1
12.1
16
15.4
13.2
11.0
19
16.4
21
22.9
26.2
26.9
28.3
28.4
28.2
28.7
27.7
28.4
28.0
27.4
27.5
27.7
27.9
26.2
28.2
27.2
27.2
28.3
27.0
27.6
27.7
21.4 27.3
20.1 28.6
28.8
22.9 28.2
22.3 25.6
22.4 27.1
21.8 27.1
M-17
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 Chrysler Wagons
2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 All
15.9
17.0
16.6
17.7
18 .3
19.3
25.1
27.2
27.4
28.1
27.0
26.7
26.8
35.0 32.8 28.5 20.4 29.1
36.3 31.5 27.7 31.0
34.5 32.3 29.2 32.5
0.0
0.0
27.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
23.0
19.0
14 .5
14.3
13.9
12. 6
25.5
18.9
18 .2
13. 9
14.0
12.1
24.1
19.0
17.7
14.3
13.9
12.1
31.1
25 .7
18. 6
18.1
15.8
14 . 6
30.4
24.4
19.2
18.0
15.9
24.1
20.4
18 .3
26.6
24.3
21.5
18.8
29.2
26.2
23.2
30.7
24.8
23.9
28.9
25 . 6
33.1
26.9
21.0
20.4
33. 8
27.9
20.2
19.9
32.0
27.6
19.9
20.2
32.8
28.5
20.4
31.5
27.7
32.3
29.2
27.7
25.0
27.0
26.1
27
25.4
25
25. 6
25
27.6
22.2
21.8
24
27.6
23.9
22. 6
21.8
24
27.6
26.1
22.4
21.7
25
27.4
25 .3
22.4
21.6
24
27.5
27.0
22.5
21.6
25
M-18
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 Chrysler Cars and Wagons
2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500
All
23.7
23.0
20.8
19.5
16.6
12.9
13.7
12. 6
15
28 . 6
24.8
21.9
19.5
17.9
14.1
13.6
12.3
16
34.2
29.5
22.7
21.5
20.5
17.4
14. 6
13.3
12.1
16
38. 6
28.7
30.0
24.8
20.0
17.6
15.4
13.5
11.0
18
37.6
35.9
28.1
25.2
23.2
20.2
17.9
16.4
20
38.8
31.3
27.4
25.8
23.0
20.2
17.4
22
41.7
34.1
29.6
26.7
23.3
21.1
18 .5
26
41.7
36.5
32 . 6
28.8
26.1
22.4
19.8
27
42 .7
36.0
34 .7
30.2
25 .5
22.8
19.3
28
44.8
36.2
31.4
28.9
26.4
22.3
19.7
28
37.5
31.4
29.8
26.3
24.0
21.4
28
39.3
31.7
29.8
27.1
23.0
21.4
28
38.8
30.2
29.3
26.6
23.1
21.5
27
39.7
32 .7
30.3
27.8
24.9
21.4
28
36.5
30.7
28.5
24.7
21.2
28
35 .3
31.6
28.7
25.4
24.2
27
37.0
32.0
28 . 6
25.3
23.9
27
36.8
32. 6
28.8
25.4
23.8
27
42.5
37.0
32.3
29.0
25.7
23.8
27
41.8
35.8
31.9
28.3
25.0
23.4
26
41.8
37.4
31.9
29.0
26.1
23.9
28
41.7
33.9
31.1
30.1
26.1
24.0
27
31.2
29.8
26.2
24.0
27
31.8
31.6
26.6
24.5
28
31.1
27.9
27.3
24.5
27
32.5
30.6
26.6
25.0
27
34. 6
31.9
27.1
25 .3
27
36.1
31.5
26.4
24.7
21.4
26
37.1
32.9
26.9
25 .3
20.1
27
37.1
32 .5
28.0
25 .3
22.2
21.8
27
33.3
32.1
27.9
25 .5
22.8
21.8
26
27.9
25 .7
22.4
21.7
25
29.2
25.8
22.4
21.6
26
29.1
26.3
22.2
21.6
26
M-19
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model
Year
1975 to
2008 Chrysler Vans
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
All
18.8
14 .3
11.5
11.2
12 . 6
19.5
14.9
13. 6
11.5
14 .2
19.6
15 .5
13.3
12 .3
13.8
19.2
14.9
12.9
12 . 6
13.4
15.8
13.7
11.7
10.6
13.8
18.3
17.7
14.8
12.8
11.2
16.6
19.9
17.8
15. 6
13.3
11.1
17.4
20.4
18.0
15.4
13.2
17.7
18 . 6
15.9
13.0
18.0
29.7
25.1
23.9
16.7
14.7
13.1
11.2
20.2
29.8
25.8
23.2
17.2
15.1
13.3
12.0
21.0
29.4
26.5
24.1
18.4
16.5
15.0
12.2
22.0
29.3
27.1
24.4
21.2
16.7
15 .2
12.0
22 .3
27.8
24.7
22.8
17. 4
15 .7
12.9
23.0
26.5
24.3
23.2
16.4
15 .5
12.2
22 . 6
26.4
25.4
23.0
16.9
16.2
12.4
23.0
26.2
25.7
23.2
17. 9
16.2
22.8
27.7
25.9
23.1
17. 0
15 .3
14. 6
22 .7
27.9
25.3
23.2
18.2
16.2
15.2
23.6
28.3
24.7
23.0
17. 9
16.6
15.7
22.4
27.7
25.1
23.0
17.1
16.4
15.3
23.0
27.7
24.2
24.0
20.5
17.1
14.7
22.8
23.7
20.6
17.5
14.9
14.4
22 .7
24.2
21.8
17.3
17.1
23.3
23.9
21.8
17.8
17.2
14.0
23.0
24.5
21.7
17.4
15.7
16.0
23.4
24.8
23.7
18.9
16.4
15.8
23.4
25.8
23.6
17.3
15.5
16.0
23.8
26.0
23.9
18 .3
16.1
24.5
25 .7
24.1
22 .5
24.5
25 .7
23.3
24.3
25 .7
23.9
24.4
25 .7
23.7
24.3
24.5
26.0
24 . 6
M-2 0
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 Chrysler suVs
2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500
6000
6500
All
16.8
17. 8
18. 6
18.1
20.8
23.6
23.2
22 . 6
15.4
16.8
16.8
17.2
19.7
20.9
20.2
20.5
22 . 6
24.2
24.0
22.8
22.8
22 .2
22 .2
23.3
22 . 6
22 .7
22.4
22.4
24.5
24.3
15. 6
16.3
17.2
20.7
20.7
21.2
21.7
20.3
20.3
20.5
19.9
19.6
19.8
19.8
19.6
20.0
21.0
20.5
21.6
20.4
20.7
21.8
22.1
22.2
20.0
23.8
30.1
30.3
13.3
13.9
14.8
14 . 6
16.7
17.1
17.3
20.5
20.3
16.7
19.1
19.4
20.6
18.4
19.3
19.1
18 .5
18.4
18.9
19.3
19.8
20.4
20.3
20.2
20.3
21.1
21.3
21.0
20.5
22.0
22 .5
13.1
13.3
14.3
13. 9
12.9
12.9
14.9
15.1
15.0
14.0
14.4
14.5
14.7
14. 6
14.5
14. 6
14.4
16.7
16.5
10.6
11.2
11.9
12.0
12.1
12.4
13.6
13.7
14.1
12.1
14.0
13.6
13.1
14 . 6
13.2
14 .3
14.9
15.0
15 .3
14 . 6
15.0
15.8
15 . 6
15.4
16.8
18.4
18 .5
18.4
18 .3
18 .3
19.3
19.9
19.3
19.3
19.9
19.5
19.9
19.5
19.3
19.3
19.3
19.9
16.7
16.5
19
18.5
16.4
19
18.2
17.1
19
18. 6
16.8
19
19.5
18 .3
19
21.2
18.9
20
20.1
18.0
17. 0
20
21.8
18 .5
17.1
20
21.8
19.2
18.3
20
21.0
19.2
18.9
21
22.0
19.8
19.1
22
M-21
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
2000
Model Year
1975 to
2008
Chrysler
Pickups
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
All
18.7
13.5
12.8
12.0
10.8
13.0
19.8
15 .3
13.1
12 .5
11.3
14.0
19.9
15 .7
13. 8
13.3
11.9
14 .5
19.1
15 .3
13.3
13.2
12.0
14 .5
23.9
16.6
12.3
11.7
11.7
15.0
24.7
18.2
18.0
13. 8
12.8
11.4
19.8
25.1
23.6
20.2
18 .3
14.9
19.9
29.6
27.8
23.7
22.5
18 .7
15.3
13.7
21.2
33.7
29.0
26.1
24.8
19.0
15.1
13.4
23.4
30.0
27.8
25 .3
20.6
17.7
14.2
12 .5
19.4
28.3
26.3
22.3
17.2
14.9
13.4
18 . 6
28.7
25 .3
23.0
17.8
14.9
13.0
20.2
29.9
27.4
22.5
18 . 6
15.2
13.7
21.2
29.6
26.9
21.7
19.0
16.1
13.8
20.8
29.6
27.4
20.7
18 .2
15.5
14.0
19.9
25.0
22.9
19.7
16.0
14.0
19.1
24.5
23.2
19.3
16.0
14 .2
12.4
18.8
24 . 6
23.0
19.3
17.3
15 .2
13. 9
19.2
26.4
22.0
19.5
17.3
15.8
14.2
18.9
23.6
20.7
18.1
15.9
15.2
18.8
26.0
20.3
17.5
15.8
15.1
17.8
23.2
19.9
17. 6
16.6
15.1
17.4
24.6
20.3
18.0
17.1
16.0
17.7
26.8
20.9
18. 6
17.0
16.3
15 .5
18.0
26.4
20.2
18.0
17.3
16.2
16.2
17.7
25.7
21.3
18.9
17.0
16.1
15.8
18.4
25. 6
20.4
18.9
17.1
15.5
15.8
17.3
26.0
20.8
19.2
18 .3
16.5
15 .3
17.9
21.1
19.9
18.9
17.1
16.1
18 .2
22 .2
20.4
18.0
17. 0
16.0
17.9
20.8
18.4
16.9
13.0
18 .2
20.8
19. 6
18.5
15.8
19.0
21.2
19.1
18.7
17.8
19.3
21.5
20.0
19.1
18 .2
19.4
M-22
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year
1975 to
2008
Chrysler
Trucks
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
All
16.8
18.8
13.9
11.9
11.9
10.7
13.2
17. 8
15.4
19.7
14.9
13. 4
12 .2
11.3
14 .3
18. 6
16.8
19.8
15.4
13. 6
12.4
11.9
14 .5
18.1
16.8
19.1
15.0
13.2
12.9
12.0
14.4
23.3
17.2
15. 6
16.3
13. 0
11.8
10.6
14 .7
24.7
19.7
17.1
17.8
13. 6
12 .7
11.2
18 .2
25.1
21.8
19.8
18.0
15.1
13.4
11.1
18.8
26.7
27.8
22.0
21.6
18 .5
15.2
13.6
19.5
28.0
29.0
23.2
24.8
18.8
15.2
13.6
20.7
26.8
28.4
23.6
22. 6
17.2
14.2
12 .3
11.2
19.4
28.6
25 .3
22.5
17.2
14.8
13.7
12.0
19. 6
28.7
25.8
22.9
17.9
15.5
13.9
12.2
20.7
29.8
26.7
23.1
19.5
15.8
14.0
12.0
21.3
29.6
26.5
22.2
21.8
16.2
14 .5
12.9
21.4
29.6
25.4
22.0
21.9
15.7
14.0
12.2
21.0
23.0
22.8
22 .3
16.2
14 .7
12.4
21.4
25.4
21.3
22.4
16.8
14.9
12.4
21.1
24.2
21.3
22 .3
17.2
15 .2
14. 6
21.3
23.5
22. 6
20.9
17. 6
15.8
14.7
21.2
22.9
21.9
21.1
18.0
16.0
15.3
20.5
22 . 6
22. 6
20.2
17.3
15.8
15.1
20.1
24.7
20.4
21.7
19.5
16.6
15.1
20.2
24.3
21.1
21.5
19.6
17.1
16.0
14.4
20.2
20.9
21.8
19.9
16.8
16.3
15 .5
20.0
21.9
21.9
19.3
16.9
16.3
16.1
19.9
20.6
22.4
19.6
17.1
16.1
15.8
20.4
21.0
21.1
21.3
17.1
15.5
15.8
19.5
21.9
21.7
21.0
18 .2
16.5
15 .3
20.0
22.1
22.9
22.3
18.9
17.1
16.1
20.9
22.2
21.6
21.6
18.0
17. 0
16.0
19.8
20.0
23.4
22. 6
18.4
17. 0
13.0
20.9
23.8
22.1
23.0
19.4
18.4
15.8
21.0
30.1
23.0
22.4
19.2
18.8
17.8
21.6
30.3
22 .5
23.1
20.6
19.1
18 .2
22 .5
M-2 3
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 Chrysler All
2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 All
23.7
19.4
20.8
19.5
15 .2
12. 6
13.7
12.2
15.0
28 . 6
21.1
20.6
19.5
17.1
13. 9
13.6
12.1
16.1
34.2
29.5
19.8
19.7
20.4
17.0
14.2
13.2
12.1
16.0
38. 6
28.7
20.9
22.0
20.0
16.8
14.3
13.4
11.4
17.5
37.6
35.9
28.1
24.0
19.5
19.5
17.5
14.3
11.8
10.6
18 . 6
38.8
31.3
27.4
24.7
21.9
19.9
17.5
13. 6
12 .7
11.2
21.4
41.7
34.1
29.6
26.6
22 . 6
20.9
18 .3
15.1
13.4
11.1
24.5
41.7
36.5
31.2
28.8
24.7
22.1
19.2
15.2
13.6
24.5
42 .7
36.0
33.3
30.1
24.8
23.3
19.1
15.2
13.6
25.8
44.8
36.2
31.2
28.8
25 .7
22. 6
18 .2
14.2
12 .3
11.2
24.7
37.5
31.4
29.6
26.2
22.5
19.2
14.8
13.7
12.0
24.4
39.3
31.7
29.6
27.0
22.9
19.8
15.5
13.9
12.2
24.8
38.8
30.2
29.4
26.6
23.1
20.4
15.8
14.0
12.0
24 . 6
39.7
32 .7
30.3
27.6
22.7
21.7
16.2
14 .5
12.9
24.7
36.5
30.6
28.1
22.9
21.9
15.7
14.0
12.2
24.1
35 .3
31.6
28.1
23.9
22 .5
16.2
14 .7
12.4
23.9
37.0
32.0
28.5
23.4
22 .5
16.8
14.9
12.4
24.1
36.8
32. 6
28.2
23.2
22 .3
17.2
15 .2
14. 6
23.7
42.5
37.0
32.3
28.4
23.9
21.0
17. 6
15.8
14.7
23.5
41.8
35.8
31.9
27.6
23.1
21.5
18.0
16.0
15.3
22 .2
41.8
37.4
31.9
25 . 6
24.2
20.8
17.3
15.8
15.1
22.9
41.7
33.9
31.1
29.7
23.6
22.0
19.5
16.6
15.1
22 .2
31.2
29.8
24.1
21.9
19.6
17.1
16.0
14.4
22 .2
31.8
31.6
24.8
21.8
19.9
16.8
16.3
15 .5
21.9
31.1
27.9
26.4
22 .3
19.3
16.9
16.3
16.1
21.5
32.5
30.6
24.8
22 .7
19.6
17.1
16.1
15.8
22 .3
34. 6
31.9
26.3
21.9
21.3
17.1
15.5
15.8
21.7
36.1
31.5
26.3
22 .2
21.0
18 .2
16.5
15 .3
21.7
37.1
32.9
26.8
23.0
22.1
18.9
17.1
16.1
22 .3
37.1
32 .5
27.9
21.8
21.7
18.8
17. 0
16.0
22.0
33.3
32.1
27.2
23.8
22. 6
19.0
17. 0
13.0
22 . 6
27.8
23.6
22.8
19. 6
18.4
15.8
22 .5
29.4
23.8
22.4
19.3
18.8
17.8
22.9
29.6
24.8
23.0
20.7
19.1
18 .2
23.6
M-2 4
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year
1975 to
2008
Toyota
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
23.9
20.8
22 . 6
26.8
23.4
41.0
30.2
25. 6
24 . 6
39.0
28.9
24.5
21.4
31.7
26.6
20.8
37.0
34.1
29.0
26.6
23.2
44.0
36.6
30.0
27.4
43.8
35.3
30.1
28.4
26.9
24.3
47.4
37. 9
33.6
33.1
29.0
24.6
47.2
38.4
36.2
33.2
29.2
24.3
39.6
34.8
34.1
30.4
24.1
38. 6
35 .2
33.2
31.2
23.6
23.2
41.3
35 . 6
32.9
33.1
23.6
23.1
38.5
34 .7
33.1
32.1
24.6
23.3
37.7
34 .7
33.3
31.9
24.6
23.0
38.3
34 .7
32.2
31.3
24.4
23.4
36.2
33.0
32. 6
31.0
24.6
23.2
37.1
33.4
32.4
29.3
26.3
23.0
37.1
33.3
33. 4
29.0
26.6
23.1
38.3
32 .5
33.2
29.9
26.5
23.4
40.1
39.1
34.2
29.1
27.4
23.9
40.0
38.4
34.1
28.8
27.1
24.9
40.8
36.4
33.3
28.4
28.1
24.7
40.3
37.5
36.6
28.5
28.7
24.4
40.3
37.2
36.5
28 . 6
28.7
24.8
43.1
38.4
36.1
30.1
28.6
24.5
43.5
39.7
38.1
48.9
28.6
24.0
43.4
39.5
37. 9
53.6
29.3
24.0
45.1
40.8
38.0
53.2
29.5
24.0
45.1
40.8
38.2
64.9
30.0
26.8
24.1
45.1
41.1
39.3
45.9
31.2
27.8
23.7
41.6
39.4
41.5
31.4
28.5
24.5
42.4
39.3
47.9
31.9
30.6
25. 6
42.4
39.3
46.8
32.7
31.1
25.1
26.9
21.2
25.0
28.8
27.0
23.9
27.4
31.1
30.5
31.7
32.8
32.1
32 .3
33.0
32 .7
31.9
30.4
30.6
28.9
28.9
29.0
30.0
29.5
29.8
30.2
30.4
30.5
31.3
30.7
32 .2
32.4
34 .5
34 .2
34.9
35 . 6
M-2 5
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 Toyota Wagons
4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 All
22.8
24 . 6
27.8
25 .5
24.9
27.4
29.1
29.3
38.7 34.7 25.1 34.8
33.9
38.5 35.4 24.5 35.1
32.1
32 . 6
31.5
30.6
29.9
30.8
28.9
29.7
29.5
30.8
30.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
35.2 35.2
37.5 35.5 36.1
38.3 35.8 37.0
37.0 35.7 36.5
36.5 36.5
36.3 31.6 33.5
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
24.2
20.8
26.2
22 .5
29.8
24.4
29.0
21.5
26.8
20.6
28.9
22.8
29.6
26.8
29.8
25.9
34 .7
25.1
34.9
25.1
35.4
24.5
33.7
23.8
32.8
32 .7
23.6
35.1
33. 0
31.6
24.6
35.0
33. 0
31.0
24.3
35 .3
32.9
30.7
24.3
35 .5
33.1
30.7
24.1
35 .5
32.7
28.7
25.2
34.2
25.7
33. 8
27.4
23.9
35.2
27.7
26.8
35.3
27.1
26.5
M-2 6
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year
1975 to
2008
Toyota
Cars and Wagons
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000 5500 6000 6500 All
24.2
20.8
21.1
22.0
26.6
23.3
25.0
41.0
30.1
25. 6
24.5
28.7
39.0
28.9
24.5
21.4
26.8
31.7
26.6
20.8
24.0
37.0
34.1
29.0
26.6
23.1
27.4
44.0
36.6
29.9
27.4
30.9
43.8
35.3
30.0
28.4
26.8
24.3
30.4
47.4
38.0
34 . 6
33.1
29.0
24.6
32 . 6
47.2
38.4
35.9
33.2
29.2
24.4
32.9
39.6
35.1
34.1
30.4
24.1
32.8
38. 6
35.0
33.2
31.2
23.6
23.2
32 .3
41.3
35.4
32.9
33.0
23.6
23.1
32.9
38.5
34 .7
33.1
32.0
24.6
23.3
32 .7
37.7
34 .7
33.3
31.8
24.5
23.0
31.8
38.3
34 .7
32.3
31.3
24.4
23.4
30.4
36.2
33.0
32.7
31.0
24.6
23.2
30.6
37.1
33.4
32.4
29.3
26.2
23.0
28.9
37.1
33.3
33. 4
29.0
26.6
23.1
29.0
38.3
32 .5
33.2
29.9
26.5
23.4
29.1
40.1
39.1
34.3
29.1
27.5
24.1
30.0
40.0
38.4
34.1
28.8
27.1
25.0
29.5
40.8
36.4
33.3
28.4
28.1
24.7
29.8
40.3
37.5
36.6
28.5
28.7
24.4
30.2
40.3
37.2
36.5
28 . 6
28.7
24.8
30.4
43.1
38.4
36.1
30.1
28.6
24.5
30.5
43.5
39.7
38.1
48.9
28.6
24.0
31.3
43.4
39.5
37. 9
53.6
29.3
24.0
30.7
45.1
40.8
38.0
37.1
29.5
24.0
32.4
45.1
40.8
38.1
44.5
30.0
26.8
24.1
32 .7
45.1
41.1
39.2
42 . 6
31.2
27.8
23.7
34 .7
41.6
38.9
39.9
31.4
28.5
24.5
34 .5
42.4
39.3
45.8
31.9
30.6
25. 6
34.9
42.4
39.3
44.7
32. 6
31.1
25.1
26.9 35.5
M-27 September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 Toyota Vans
2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 All
20.5 20.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
27.0
27.0
27
26.6
26.7
26
26.7
26.3
26
26.0
25.1
24.3
25
26.6
26.0
23.9
25
26.8
26.1
23.7
25
0.0
22.9 22.9
22.3 22.3
21.9 21.9
22.0 21.6 22.0
22.7 22.1 22.6
22.6 21.4 22.4
22.6 21.4 22.3
24.2 24.2
24.1 24.1
24.1 24.1
24.7 24.7
24.7 24.7
24.7 24.7
25.7 25.4 25.4
24.7 24.7
24.8 24.8
26.1 26.1
28.9 26.0 26.0
M-2 8
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Year
1975 to
2008
Toyota
SUVs
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
12.0
10.7
11.6
13.7
12.7
13.0
11.5
13.8
13.3
13.8
13.3
14 .5
14.1
14 .5
14.1
14 .5
14.1
22.1
13.5
25.3
13.5
25.7
24.4
13.7
25.2
23.5
13.7
25. 6
21.1
15.4
21.3
15.4
20.5
18.7
21.3
19.1
14.9
18 .3
17.5
14 .5
18.8
17.5
15 . 6
18 .7
17. 6
15 .5
21.5
17.5
16.7
29.2
23.5
21.1
16.7
28.0
23.1
20.8
16.7
30.2
26.7
21.1
17. 4
17.1
30.5
27.8
22 .7
20.9
17.1
30.5
28.1
22 .7
20.9
17.1
30.4
28.3
23.4
20.5
17. 6
16.5
30.3
28.5
23.3
20.5
18.1
16.5
30.3
28.6
23.9
20.6
19.3
18.2
17.0
30.9
28.3
25.0
22.8
19.2
18.0
17.0
30.9
28.3
25 .7
22.9
19. 6
19.0
17.0
30.9
27.3
25.5
19. 6
19.0
17.3
30.5
27.3
23.9
19. 6
19.1
17.3
30.9
27.5
24.5
23.5
19.4
6500 All
12.0
10.9
13.6
12 .7
13.8
13.8
14 .3
14 .2
14.1
17.3
21.1
23.3
22 .7
20.3
19.7
19.5
18 .5
17.0
17.4
17.4
18 .5
30.8 29.2 23.5 21.1 16.7 22.7
29.8 28.0 23.1 20.8 16.7 22.9
22.9
30.9 30.5 27.8 22.7 20.9 17.1 22.7
22.4
22 .5
22 . 6
22.4
22.9
23.4
24.9
24.8
18.7 24.7
M-2 9
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 Toyota Pickups
2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 All
21.3 21.3
22.3 20.9 20.5 22.1
27.4 22.0 27.2
24.9 25.0 19.8 24.6
19.7 19.1 19.5
22.7 20.2 16.9 21.5
27.0 26.6 19.4 26.5
26.6 26.6 22.8 25.6
27.6 25.6 22.8 25.5
26.2 26.2 23.2 25.1
31.0 27.2 24.2 27.0
29.9 27.0 24.5 17.8 26.4
29.8 27.7 24.3 17.9 26.6
26.9 26.1 24.6 17.8 25.1
26.5 27.5 23.6 20.3 13.5 23.5
26.0 28.2 23.4 19.7 13.4 23.1
27.5 23.9 19.8 13.1 23.8
28.2 27.7 23.9 18.7 13.1 23.7
28.4 23.1 18.9 13.0 23.8
28.0 23.4 19.9 24.3
27.4 23.4 20.6 19.8 23.3
27.1 23.4 21.0 19.8 23.6
24.2 20.6 19.0 20.4
27.2 22.8 20.7 19.3 23.7
27.2 22.5 21.4 23.2
26.7 22.4 21.4 19.2 18.1 20.8
27.1 23.5 21.6 19.1 18.0 21.2
27.7 25.7 21.3 19.1 18.0 20.9
27.7 26.6 21.3 19.5 18.2 21.0
27.6 26.6 21.2 19.9 18.3 17.7 20.6
27.0 23.4 21.7 19.5 18.7 21.6
27.1 23.6 21.8 19.6 18.7 21.7
28.5 23.8 22.0 21.2 20.1 18.7 21.3
28.6 23.7 21.9 21.2 19.7 18.6 20.8
M-3 0
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year
1975 to
2008
Toyota
Trucks
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
All
21.3
20.5
12.0
18.9
22.3
20.9
20.5
10.7
11.6
18.8
27.4
22.0
13.7
12.7
22.9
24.9
25.0
19.8
13.0
11.5
21.3
19.7
19.1
13.8
13.3
19.2
22.7
20.2
16.9
13.8
13.3
21.4
27.0
26.6
19.4
14 .5
14.1
26.2
26.6
26.6
22.8
14 .5
14.1
25 .2
27.6
25 . 6
22.8
14 .5
14.1
25.0
26.2
26.4
24.2
13.5
24.9
31.0
27.0
24.8
13.5
26.5
29.9
27.0
24.9
22.0
13.7
26.1
29.8
27.0
24.5
21.1
13.7
25.9
26.9
26.1
24.7
20.1
15.4
24.4
26.5
27.5
23.9
20.7
15.4
13.5
23.2
26.0
28.2
23.4
20.1
18.7
13.4
21.8
27.5
23.9
21.8
19.1
14 .3
22.4
28.2
27.7
23.9
20.4
17.5
14.0
21.9
28.4
23.1
20.0
17.5
14 .7
22.1
28.0
23.4
20.0
17. 6
15 .5
22.0
27.4
23.4
21.2
17. 9
16.7
21.2
30.8
27.8
23.4
21.1
20.0
16.7
23.1
29.8
28.0
23.1
20.8
19.4
16.7
22 . 6
28.0
24.5
21.9
19.3
17. 4
17.1
23.4
30.9
28.3
24.3
22 .7
20.9
17.1
23.0
27.9
24.1
22.9
19.7
18.1
17.1
22.0
29.1
25. 6
23.2
19.8
18.0
17. 6
16.5
22 .3
29.5
27.3
23.0
19.7
18.0
18.1
16.5
22 .2
29.4
27.9
23.0
20.1
18 . 6
18.2
17.0
22.0
29.6
27.7
23.2
23.9
18 .7
17. 9
17.0
22 .7
30.9
27.9
24.5
23.4
19.5
18.9
17.0
23.1
29.4
25.4
24.7
19. 6
18.8
17.3
23.7
29.9
26.0
24.2
20.2
19.7
18 .7
23.7
30.2
26.1
24.8
22.9
19.7
18.9
18.7
23.7
M-31
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 Toyota All
2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 All
20.5 12.0 21.6
20.5 10.7 11.6 24.0
22.0 13.7 12.7 27.7
19.8 13.0 11.5 25.7
13.8 13.3 22.9
37.0 34.1 29.0 23.0 22.5 16.9 13.8 13.3 25.9
44.0 36.6 29.9 27.0 27.2 19.4 14.5 14.1 29.9
43.8 35.3 30.0 27.6 26.8 23.4 14.5 14.1 29.1
47.4 38.0 34.6 29.9 27.9 23.8 14.5 14.1 30.5
47.2 38.4 35.9 29.4 27.8 24.3 13.5 29.7
24.6 13.5 30.0
24.6 22.2 13.7 29.4
24.4 22.3 13.7 30.0
24.7 21.1 15.4
24.2 21.2 15.4
24.0 21.4 18.7
24.3 22.1 19.1
25.9 21.7 17.5
25.9 21.6 17.5
26.0 21.4 17.6
27.0 22.0 17.9
26.5 21.9 20.0
27.5 21.3 19.4
27.9 22.4 19.3
28.1 22.9 20.9
28.1 23.0 19.7
28.0 23.3 19.8
29.1 23.1 19.7
29.3 23.1 20.1
29.7 24.2 23.9
30.8 25.8 23.5
30.9 26.8 24.7
31.6 28.7 24.3
32.2 29.3 24.8
2250
2500
2750
3000
24.2
20.9
21.1
26.6
22.3
23.3
41.0
30.1
26.5
24.5
39.0
28.9
24.6
22.4
31.7
26.6
19.7
20.6
34.1
29.0
23.0
22 .5
36.6
29.9
27.0
27.2
35.3
30.0
27.6
26.8
38.0
34 . 6
29.9
27.9
38.4
35.9
29.4
27.8
39.6
35.1
32. 6
28.3
38. 6
35.0
31.8
29.3
41.3
35.4
30.7
31.7
38.5
34 .7
29.2
30.9
37.7
34 .7
30.8
30.9
38.3
34 .7
31.3
30.8
36.2
33.0
32.7
30.1
37.1
33.4
32.0
28.4
37.1
33.3
33. 4
28.5
38.3
32 .5
33.2
28.2
40.1
39.1
34.3
27.6
40.0
38.4
34.0
27.9
40.8
36.4
33.2
28.0
40.3
37.5
36.6
28.0
40.3
37.2
36.5
28.3
43.1
38.4
36.1
28.2
43.5
39.7
38.1
32.1
43.4
39.5
37. 9
33.3
45.1
40.8
38.0
33.7
45.1
40.8
38.1
37.6
45.1
41.1
39.2
40.5
41.6
38.9
39.9
42.4
39.3
45.8
42.4
39.3
44.7
29
13.5
28
13.4
27
14 .3
27
14.0
26
14 .7
26
15 .5
26
16.7
27
16.7
27
16.7
27
17. 4
17.1
27
17.1
27
18.1
17.1
26
18.0
17. 6
16.5
26
18.0
18.1
16.5
26
18 . 6
18.2
17.0
27
18 .7
17. 9
17.0
26
19.5
18.9
17.0
28
19. 6
18.8
17.3
28
20.2
19.7
18 .7
29
22.9
20.0
18.9
18.7
29
M-32
September 2008
-------
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 Honda Cars
2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 All
31.4 31.4
32.9 32.5 32.9
36.4 35.6 36.2
33.5 34.5 34.0
30.9 27.9 29.0
33.6 27.1 28.9
36.1 33.6 28.5 30.6
40.5 35.9 30.8 33.2
44.7 36.5 33.6 35.2
44.0 36.0 33.5 35.1
44.4 36.4 32.1
47.6 38.0 32.2
52.0 38.1 33.3
60.4 39.8 35.8
60.3 39.6 34.9
44.4 37.3
44.7 37.3
52.8 41.4
52.3 41.5
50.5 42.9
55.6 41.4
41.3
41.8
41.3
40.9
76.4 40.7
75.6 66.4
75.3 66.4
75.1 66.4
73.8 66.4
74.3 66.4
73.8 66.4
30.4
33
31.8
24.7
33
31.8
24.3
32
31.9
29.7
23.6
31
32. 6
29.2
23.4
31
31.5
28.9
23.4
30
32.9
28.8
24.3
30
36.9
29.8
26.1
24.2
31
36.5
30.1
27.1
24.0
32
35.9
30.5
30.0
24.0
32
36.6
30.6
28.9
24.0
32
37. 0
30.8
28.1
24.3
31
36.9
30.7
28.0
24.3
32
37.2
32.0
29.1
24.3
32
36.2
32.1
28.6
23.5
30
36.0
29.9
28.5
23.2
31
39.3
29.3
28.7
26.0
32
39.3
31.4
28.9
25 .5
32
38.9
38 . 6
30.1
26.5
32
38.7
38 .7
30.5
26.8
32
38. 6
38 .7
31.0
26.4
32
39.2
39.4
30.8
26.9
33
39.2
39.2
30.9
27.2
33
39.2
39.0
31.8
27.8
33
M-33
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 Honda Wagons
2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 All
0.0
29.4
29.4
31.9
31.9
31.5
31.5
29.9
29.9
32.5
32 .5
33.7
33.7
36.7
36.7
36.7
36.7
36.1
36.1
36.1
31.6
34.8
37.7
31.9
34 . 6
37.3
32.1
34 .2
37.0
30.6
34 .2
35 . 6
30.0
34 .7
38 .5
33.7
29.9
35 .2
38.4
33. 4
29.7
26.6
28.7
27.1
27.1
27.6
27.6
29.0
29.0
29.0
29.0
28.5
28.5
27.2
27.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
39.8
39.8
39.9
39.9
M-34
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 Honda Cars and Wagons
2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 All
31.4 31.4
32.9 29.5 32.6
36.4 33.9 35.5
33.5 33.9 33.7
30.9 29.9 27.9 29.0
33.6 32.5 27.1 29.2
36.1 33.6 28.5 30.8
40.5 36.1 30.8 33.4
44.7 36.6 33.6 35.3
44.0 36.0 33.5 35.2
44.4 36.4 32.1
47.6 37.9 32.2
52.0 38.1 33.1
60.4 39.8 35.9
60.3 39.6 34.9
44.4 37.3
44.7 37.3
52.8 41.4
52.3 41.5
50.5 42.9
55.6 41.4
41.3
41.8
41.3
40.9
76.4 40.7
75.6 66.4
75.3 66.4
75.1 66.4
73.8 66.4
74.3 66.4
73.8 66.4
30.4
33
31.8
24.7
33
31.8
24.3
32
31.9
29.7
23.6
31
32. 6
29.2
23.4
31
31.7
28.9
23.4
30
32.9
28.8
24.7
30
36.9
29.8
26.2
24.2
30
36.5
30.1
27.1
24.0
32
35.9
30.5
29.9
24.0
32
36.6
30.6
28.9
24.0
32
37. 0
30.8
28.2
24.3
31
36.9
30.7
28.0
24.3
32
37.2
32.0
29.1
24.3
32
36.2
32.1
28.6
23.5
30
36.0
29.9
28.5
23.2
31
39.3
29.3
28.7
26.0
32
39.3
31.4
28.9
25 .5
32
38.9
38 . 6
30.1
26.5
32
38.7
38 .7
30.5
26.8
32
38. 6
38 .7
31.0
26.4
32
39.2
39.4
30.8
26.9
33
39.8
39.2
30.9
27.2
33
39.9
39.0
31.8
27.8
33
M-35
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 Honda Vans
2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500
25.5
28.5
24.9
27.0
24.1
23.9
24.0
24.2
24.2
24.2
26.0
26.1
24.7
25.3
6000 6500 All
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
25
5
28
5
24
9
27
0
24
1
23
9
24
0
24
2
24
2
24
2
26
0
26
1
24
7
25
3
M-3 6
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 Honda SUVs
2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 All
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
20.2
20
2
0
0
19.9
19.2
19
4
26.9
19.4
19.2
24
7
27.0
21.1
19.4
25
4
27.2
21.1
19.4
25
7
27.2
21.2
20.5
26
0
27.2
21.7
22.2
25
3
28.2
21.7
22.4
26
3
28.0
26.5
22.5
25
0
27.9
26.4
22.3
24
7
28.4
26.4
21.8
24
5
28.5
26.4
22.4
24
9
29.8
27.7
22.4
25
7
29.7
27.6
22.3
25
7
M-37
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 Honda Pickups
2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 All
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
21
4
21
4
21
4
M-3 8
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 Honda Trucks
2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 All
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
20.2
20
2
25.5
25
5
28.5
19.9
19.2
22
5
26.4
19.4
19.2
24
7
27.0
21.1
19.4
25
5
27.2
21.1
24.0
25
2
27.2
21.2
23.6
25
0
27.2
21.7
23.5
24
7
28.2
21.7
23.7
25
3
28.0
26.5
23.3
24
8
27.9
26.4
23.0
24
6
28.4
26.4
23.5
24
9
28.5
26.4
23.6
24
8
29.8
27.7
23.3
25
1
29.7
27.6
23.2
25
1
M-3 9
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
2000
2250
Model Year 1975 to 2008 Honda All
2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000
6500
All
31.4
32.9
36.4
33.5
30.9
33.6
36.1
40.5
44.7
44.0
44.4
47.6
52.0
60.4
60.3
76.4
75 . 6
75 .3
75.1
73.8
74 .3
73.8
29.5
33. 9
33. 9
29.9
32.5
33. 6
36.1
36.6
36.0
36.4
37. 9
38.1
39.8
39.6
44.4
44.7
52.8
52.3
50.5
55. 6
66.4
66.4
66.4
66.4
66.4
66.4
27.9
27.1
28.5
30.8
33.6
33.5
32.1
32 .2
33.1
35.9
34.9
37.3
37.3
41.4
41.5
42.9
41.4
41.3
41.8
41.3
40.9
40.7
31.4
32 . 6
35 .5
33.7
29.0
29.2
30.8
33.4
35 .3
35 .2
30.4
33
31.8
24.7
33
31.8
24.3
32
31.9
29.7
23.6
31
32. 6
29.2
23.4
31
31.7
28.9
23.4
30
32.9
28.8
24.7
30
36.9
29.8
26.2
24.2
30
36.5
30.1
27.1
24.0
32
35.9
30.5
29.9
22 .2
31
36.6
30.6
28.4
24.0
32
37. 0
30.8
28.2
23.1
19.2
31
36.9
30.7
27.4
23.2
19.2
31
37.2
32.0
28.6
22 . 6
19.4
30
36.2
32.1
28.3
21.8
24.0
29
36.0
29.9
28.3
22.4
23.6
29
39.3
29.3
28.4
24.9
23.5
29
39.3
31.4
28.8
25 .3
23.7
29
38.9
38 . 6
29.5
26.5
23.3
29
38.7
38 .7
29.7
26.7
23.0
28
38. 6
38 .7
30.2
26.4
23.5
29
39.2
39.4
30.0
26.8
23.6
28
39.8
39.2
30.7
27.6
23.3
29
39.9
39.0
31.3
27.7
23.2
29
M-40
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 Nissan Cars
2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500
All
41.3
46.2
32.1
27.4
25.5
19.3
25 .2
32.5
29.6
26.2
20.0
26.8
33.2
28.3
26.1
19.9
27.2
31.4
27.4
26.1
20.3
27.0
30.5
26.5
24.9
21.1
26.6
33.2
32 . 6
31.1
23.1
31.1
34.0
31.3
30.9
23.8
30.5
30.4
34.9
33.8
25.1
27.7
30.5
37.5
32 . 6
26.0
24.6
32 .5
38.4
32.1
32.5
26.6
23.3
31.6
36.4
31.2
28.5
27.9
22.9
29.4
37.3
33.8
28.3
28.1
24.1
30.2
37.5
34.1
30.6
27.6
24.2
29.4
36.6
34 .5
31.4
27.9
23.9
30.7
36.0
34 . 6
32.3
26.7
25.2
30.2
35 .5
33.1
26.9
25.0
22 .2
28.3
37.1
35.5
27.9
25.1
22 .2
18.9
29.0
37.0
35.8
27.9
25.3
22.0
18.9
29.9
37.4
34.4
28 . 6
25.7
23.1
19.4
29.1
37.5
34.7
28.7
25.1
23.0
19.8
29.8
39. 6
36.1
28.4
27.2
23.1
20.2
29.2
38.9
36.4
28.5
27.4
23.0
30.2
39.0
36.0
28.3
27.3
23.5
29.6
38.4
35.9
30.7
28.6
23.1
30.2
35.8
30.8
28.5
23.0
29.6
34.1
30.8
27.1
23.1
28.0
34.3
30.7
26.7
22.9
28.3
35.5
33.6
27.7
23.3
28.9
36.5
34 .3
27.1
23.0
27.9
36.1
35.1
26.6
26.0
28.2
36.1
34.9
29.6
25 . 6
29.4
36.0
35 .3
29.5
25.0
23.1
29.1
36.9
33.3
25.8
31.6
37.0
32.7
26.0
20.7
32.0
M-41
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 Nissan Wagons
2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 All
20.9
20
9
33. 4
26.3
24.9
27
4
33. 8
26.1
22 .5
27
1
32. 6
26.0
18.8
25
5
30.7
26.8
25.4
21.9
27
9
32.4
32.0
23.3
32
2
34.2
31.1
30.4
23.8
30.5
31
4
35.1
32.8
23.4
32.0
32
0
36.9
44.2
27.6
26.7
34
6
37. 9
25.8
35
1
35.7
21.9
30
0
36.1
27.4
24.6
28
2
34.1
30.5
26.9
24.2
27
8
34 .2
31.6
27.3
23.8
28
0
35.8
32. 6
29.5
32
3
36.4
32.7
33
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
M-42
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 Nissan Cars and Wagons
2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500
All
41.3
46.2
32.1
27.4
25.5
19.5
25.0
32. 6
29.6
26.2
20.7
26.9
33.3
28.3
26.1
20.3
27.2
31.5
27.4
26.1
20.1
26.8
30.6
26.7
25.1
21.1
26.8
33.1
32 . 6
31.3
23.1
31.2
34.0
31.2
30.8
23.8
30.5
30.5
34.9
33.7
25.0
28.7
30.7
37. 4
32 . 6
26.0
25.5
32 .7
38.3
32.1
32.5
26.6
23.6
31.9
36.3
31.2
28.5
27.9
22.8
29.5
37.2
33.8
28.3
27.8
24.1
29.9
37.5
34.1
30.6
27.5
24.2
29.3
36.6
34 .5
31.4
27.8
23.9
30.6
36.0
34 . 6
32.3
26.7
25.2
30.2
35 .5
33. 0
26.9
25.0
22 .2
28.4
37.1
35.5
27.9
25.1
22 .2
18.9
29.0
37.0
35.8
27.9
25.3
22.0
18.9
29.9
37.4
34.4
28 . 6
25.7
23.1
19.4
29.1
37.5
34.7
28.7
25.1
23.0
19.8
29.8
39. 6
36.1
28.4
27.2
23.1
20.2
29.2
38.9
36.4
28.5
27.4
23.0
30.2
39.0
36.0
28.3
27.3
23.5
29.6
38.4
35.9
30.7
28.6
23.1
30.2
35.8
30.8
28.5
23.0
29.6
34.1
30.8
27.1
23.1
28.0
34.3
30.7
26.7
22.9
28.3
35.5
33.6
27.7
23.3
28.9
36.5
34 .3
27.1
23.0
27.9
36.1
35.1
26.6
26.0
28.2
36.1
34.9
29.6
25 . 6
29.4
36.0
35 .3
29.5
25.0
23.1
29.1
36.9
33.3
25.8
31.6
37.0
32.7
26.0
20.7
32.0
M-4 3
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 Nissan Vans
2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 All
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
22.4
22.4
22.5
21.8
22 .3
22.5
21.8
22 .2
25.3
21.3
25.4
25. 6
26.0
25. 6
25 . 6
21.8
21.8
22 .7
22 .7
23.0
23.0
22.9
22.9
22 . 6
22 . 6
22 .7
22 .7
23.1
23.1
22.8
22.8
22 . 6
22 . 6
22 . 6
22 . 6
0.0
24.6
24 . 6
24.7
24.7
24.9
24.9
24.5
24.5
24.5
24.5
M-4 4
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 Nissan SUVs
2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 All
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
18.7 18.7
18.5 18.5
19.0 19.0
19.5 19.5
19.5 19.5
19.6 19.6
20.3 18.9 19.4
19.0 18.4 18.6
19.4 18.6 19.1
19.8 19.8
20.4
20.3
20.2
20.1
20.3
20.5
23.4
23.7
25 .7
25 .7
25 . 6
31.8 27.8
19.4
19
19.3
19
19.3
19
19.2
19
19.5
19
19.4
19
20.2
21
20.8
18.4
18.0
17.4
20
21.3
20.6
18.1
17.4
21
22.1
20.6
18.0
17.4
21
22.7
21.3
17.8
22
21.8
20.8
18.3
18.1
17.5
22
M-4 5
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 Nissan Pickups
2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 All
23.6 23.6
24.5 24.5
25.0 25.0
25.9 20.6 25.6
23.7 15.5 23.2
26.6 23.1 16.3 25.1
29.0 27.2 22.1 17.7 27.7
28.3 27.9 23.9 17.4 27.8
30.2 27.9 24.0 17.5 27.4
29.2 28.4 23.0 17.6 26.2
26.9 22.9 17.5 25.7
26.3 22.8 20.8 24.7
26.9 22.1 19.1 25.1
26.7 23.0 19.8 24.7
27.0 22.5 19.8 24.8
28.8 24.3 21.2 27.1
28.6 24.9 21.6 26.9
28.7 25.0 21.3 26.7
28.6 25.2 21.1 26.4
28.3 25.6 21.2 25.6
27.5 25.5 20.4 19.0 24.9
27.4 24.8 21.2 25.2
26.6 25.1 21.2 24.9
28.8 26.6 22.4 25.5
25.9 20.4
26.1 19.7
26.3 20.2
26.1 20.3
26.2 21.2
26.5 21.5
25 . 6
25.4
25 .2
25.4
19.6
23
19.4
21
19.6
22
19.6
22
20.2
22
20.6
23
20.7
18 .5
17. 9
19
20.7
18 .5
17. 9
19
21.1
18 .5
17.7
20
21.0
18.8
18.3
17.4
17.1
18
M-46
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 Nissan Trucks
2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 All
23.6 23.6
24.5 24.5
25.0 25.0
25.9
23.7
26.6 23.1
29.0 27.2
28.3 27.9
30.2 27.9
29.2 28.4
26.9
26.3
26.9
26.7
27.0
28.8
28 . 6
28.7
28 . 6
28.3
27.5
27.4
26.6
28.8
20.6
25
15.5
23
16.3
25
22.1
17.7
27
23.9
17.4
27
24.0
17.5
27
23.0
17.6
26
22.9
17.5
25
22.8
20.8
24
22.2
18.8
23
22.8
19.0
22
22.5
19.3
23
24.7
20.0
25
24.9
20.0
24
25.0
19.9
24
25.2
21.1
18.9
23
25. 6
21.5
18.4
22
25.5
20.9
18. 6
22
24.8
21.2
22
25.1
21.7
19.4
22
26.6
22.0
19.3
22
25.9
21.6
19.3
21
26.1
20.7
19.3
20
26.3
20.7
19.5
20
26.1
20.8
19.4
20
26.2
22.9
20.2
21
26.5
23.2
22.1
18.4
18.0
17.4
21
25 .7
21.7
19.9
18.0
17.4
20
25 . 6
22.0
19.8
17. 9
17.4
21
25 . 6
22. 6
20.4
17.7
17.8
21
31.8
27.6
22.9
20.8
18.3
17.7
17. 4
21
M-4 7
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 Nissan All
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
32.1
27.4
24.1
19.5
32. 6
29.6
25.2
20.7
33.3
28.3
25.5
20.3
31.5
27.4
26.0
20.1
20.6
30.6
26.7
24.1
21.1
15.5
33.1
32 . 6
28.9
23.1
16.3
34.0
31.2
30.1
24.7
25.2
17.7
34.9
33.7
28.3
25 . 6
27.1
17.4
37. 4
32 . 6
30.2
26.5
24.7
17.5
38.3
32.1
32.1
27.4
23.3
17.6
36.3
31.2
28.5
27.1
22.8
17.5
37.2
33.8
28.3
26.7
23.7
20.8
37.5
34.1
30.6
27.2
23.9
18.8
36.6
34 .5
31.4
27.2
23.7
19.0
36.0
34 . 6
32.3
26.8
24.7
19.3
35 .5
33. 0
27.7
24.9
20.6
37.1
35.5
28.2
25.1
20.6
18.9
37.0
35.8
28.2
25.3
20.4
18.9
37.4
34.4
28 . 6
25. 6
21.7
18.9
37.5
34.7
28.5
25.2
21.9
18.5
39. 6
36.1
28.1
26.9
21.2
18. 6
38.9
36.4
28.2
27.0
21.3
39.0
36.0
27.9
26.8
22.0
19.4
38.4
35.9
30.4
28.2
22.1
19.3
35.8
30.8
28.3
21.7
19.3
34.1
30.8
26.9
20.7
19.3
34.3
30.7
26.6
20.7
19.5
35.5
33.6
27.5
20.9
19.4
36.5
34 .3
27.0
22.9
20.2
36.1
35.1
26.6
24.5
22.1
36.1
34.9
29.6
25 . 6
21.7
36.0
35 .3
29.5
25.1
22.0
36.9
33.3
25 .7
22. 6
37.0
32.7
26.6
22.9
6000 6500 All
24.7
26.3
26.7
26.5
26.2
29.8
30.0
30.0
31.7
30.5
28.4
27.5
27.8
28.1
28.4
27.5
27.6
28.2
27.1
27.3
26.1
27.7
26.6
27.1
26.5
24.3
24.1
25.0
25.4
18.4
18.0
17.4
24
19.9
18.0
17.4
25
19.8
17. 9
17.4
25
20.4
17.7
17.8
26
20.8
18.3
17.7
17. 4
26
M-48
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 HK Cars
2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 All
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
34.9
34.9
34 .5
34 .5
34 .3
34 .3
34.8
26.5
33.1
35 .7
26.9
23.8
33.1
34.9
26.9
23.7
32 .7
34.9
28.8
28.9
24.9
31.2
35.0
28.6
29.2
25.2
31.1
35.8
30.2
29.2
24.9
32 .7
36.8
30.1
28 . 6
23.7
30.9
35.9
29.3
29.3
24.5
31.8
35.8
30.8
28.9
23.8
31.0
35 . 6
30.8
28.5
23.1
30.7
35.8
30.7
29.6
26.7
30.6
36.5
30.9
29.7
26.8
30.0
33.7
31.7
31.9
26.6
25.4
30.7
36.6
33.2
31.1
26.8
24.1
30.3
34.1
31.1
26.8
23.4
30.1
33. 4
32.0
27.2
23.0
29.1
33.7
32.4
27.2
23.6
29.9
37. 9
32 . 6
30.2
27.2
30.6
37.5
35.9
31.4
27.2
32 .7
37. 6
35.9
31.1
27.3
31.7
M-49
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 HK Wagons
2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 All
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
30.2
30
2
30.4
30
4
29.5
29
5
28.9
28
9
28.9
28
9
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
28.3 26.6
27
4
28.3 27.2
27
7
M-5 0
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 HK Cars and Wagons
2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 All
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
34.9
34.9
34 .5
34 .5
34 .3
34 .3
34.8
26.5
33.1
35 .7
26.9
23.8
33.1
34.9
26.9
23.7
32 .7
34.9
28.8
28.9
24.9
31.2
35.0
28.6
29.2
25.2
31.1
35.8
30.2
29.2
24.9
32 .7
36.8
30.1
28 . 6
23.7
30.9
35.9
29.3
29.5
24.5
31.7
35.8
30.8
29.1
23.8
30.9
35 . 6
30.8
28 . 6
23.1
30.6
35.8
30.7
29.5
26.7
30.5
36.5
30.9
29.6
26.8
29.9
33.7
31.7
31.9
26.6
25.4
30.7
36.6
33.2
31.1
26.8
24.1
30.3
34.1
31.1
26.8
23.4
30.1
33. 4
32.0
27.2
23.0
29.1
33.7
32.4
27.2
23.6
29.9
37. 9
32 . 6
30.2
27.2
30.6
37.5
35.9
31.0
27.1
32.4
37. 6
35.9
30.8
27.3
31.5
M-51
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 HK Vans
2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 All
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
20.0 20.0
20.0 20.0
21.1 21.1
21.3 21.3
23.8 23.8
23.8 23.8
23.8 23.8
M-52
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 HK SUVs
2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 All
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
24.3
24
3
23.4
23
4
23.7
23
7
24.4
24
4
24.4
24
4
23.5
23
5
22.9
25.0
23
8
23.2
24.5
24
0
24.4
19.3
22
6
24.2
19.9
22
9
28.2
24.4
20.2
23
4
28.2
24.9
20.5
23
6
28.2
25 .5
23.3
25
2
28.3
25 . 6
23.6
24
8
M-53
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 HK Pickups
2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 All
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
M-54
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 HK Trucks
2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 All
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
24.3
24
3
23.4
23
4
23.7
23
7
24.4
24
4
24.4
24
4
23.5
23
5
22.9 25.0
23
8
23.2 24.5 20.0
22
8
24.4 19.3 20.0
21
9
24.2 19.9 21.1
22
5
28.2 24.4 20.2 21.3
22
8
28.2 24.9 21.9
23
6
28.2 25.5 23.5
24
9
28.3 25.6 23.7
24
6
M-55
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 HK All
2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 All
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
34.9 34.9
34.5 34.5
34.3 34.3
34.8
35 .7
34.9
34.9
35.0
35.8
36.8
35.9
35.8
35 . 6
35.8
36.5
33.7
36.6
26.5
33
26.9
23.8
33
26.9
23.7
32
28.8
28.9
24.9
31
28.6
29.2
25.2
31
30.2
29.2
24.9
32
30.1
28 . 6
24.0
30
29.3
29.5
23.6
30
30.8
29.1
23.8
29
30.8
28 . 6
24.2
29
30.7
29.5
25.3
29
30.9
29.6
24.8
28
31.7
31.9
24.8
25.1
29
33.2
31.1
25. 6
24.4
20.0
27
34.1
31.1
26.8
24.3
19.3
20.0
27
33. 4
32.0
27.2
23.9
19.9
21.1
26
33.7
32.4
27.4
24.2
20.2
21.3
26
37. 9
32 . 6
29.8
26.3
21.9
28
37.5
35.9
30.3
26.2
23.5
28
37. 6
35.9
30.5
26.5
23.7
28
M-5 6
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
2000 2250 2500
27.4 25.4
28.5 26.8
30.5 28.4
30.4 25.8
31.5 27.9
33.6 28.3
38.9 31.4
38.3 33.9
33.6 32.6
35.4 30.8
33.8
32.9
31.8
31.3
31.1
31.8
32 . 6
32 .7
32 .7
Model Year 1975 to 2008 VW Cars
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
All
19.5
21.6
10.2
26.4
20.7
21.0
27.5
17. 8
20.5
28.8
19.5
14.1
27.2
19.7
13.3
28 . 6
22.9
22 .2
19.4
30.8
25.4
23.0
18.5
34.1
28.0
22.1
18.9
32.9
29.5
24.0
19.9
30.0
25.0
23.5
21.2
28.5
25.9
23.7
22.0
29.6
26.0
23.7
23.0
18.4
29.1
27.8
24.5
22.2
18 .5
28.4
30.6
25 .3
22.8
20.7
29.6
31.4
24.0
23.1
19.7
29.6
30.9
27.0
24.0
18 . 6
28.4
31.8
26.3
23.9
21.6
29.1
31.3
26.4
24.6
22.4
28.8
30.7
27.5
23.7
22.0
26.7
31.0
29.1
23.7
22 . 6
27.9
31.7
29.9
23.8
23.3
28.3
30.1
29.0
25.1
23.9
27.9
31.1
29.3
25.3
23.7
28.3
31.0
29.9
26.8
23.2
28.5
29.7
26.3
23.1
28.0
30.5
26.4
23.0
22.8
15.2
15.0
28.5
30.8
26.4
22.9
23.2
28.2
31.1
28.7
24.2
20.6
16.1
14 .5
15.2
28.8
32.0
28.7
25 .5
21.3
13.8
15.2
29.2
32.1
28.5
25.0
23.1
18.9
13.8
28.3
31.6
29.6
26.0
22.7
19.7
16.5
13.8
28.3
31.3
31.0
27.4
22.9
19.7
16.8
15.4
29.6
30.4
29.0
28.5
23.4
19.1
16.2
15 .7
14.3
28.3
30.2
29.4
27.1
22.8
19.1
16.2
15 .7
14.4
28.2
M-57 September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 VW Wagons
2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 All
27.2 27.2
27.9 27.9
28.7 28.7
25.7 25.7
25.0 25.0
40.1 40.1
40.6 40.6
29.8 29.8
33. 8
42.0
29.0
32 . 6
31.9
31.7
31.7
23.2
30
23.0
22.4
24
22.1
22.7
25
22 .7
22.9
22
22.8
23.3
26
22 .7
23.4
31
23.6
22.9
29
27.8
27.1
23.1
28
27.8
27.1
23.2
26
28.1
27.1
22.8
26
24.0
22.9
23
23.9
23.5
23
24.0
23.4
23
30.8
24.1
27
25.1
24.2
24
27.7
24.1
25
28.5
23.4
26
25.7
22.9
25
27.7
23.1
20.3
24
29.9
25.1
18.7
27
32.1
25.4
21.6
28
31.5
26.1
21.6
27
34. 6
28.7
21.6
29
32.0
27.4
24.8
29
32.1
29.0
24.6
29
30.6
28.3
24.8
29
M-5 8
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 VW Cars and Wagons
2250
2500
2750
27.4
26.1
19.5
28.5
27.0
20.7
30.5
28.5
17. 8
30.4
25.8
31.5
27.8
33. 6
31.0
22.9
38.9
32 .3
25.4
38.3
33.9
28.5
33. 6
32 . 6
30.3
35.4
30.8
26.0
33.8
26.4
32.9
26.0
31.8
27.8
31.4
30.6
31.1
31.4
31.8
30.9
32 . 6
31.8
32 .7
31.3
32 .7
30.7
6000
6500
31.0
31.7
30.1
31.1
31.0
21.6
21.0
20.5
19.5
19.7
22 .2
23.0
22.1
24.0
23.5
23.7
23.7
24.4
25 .2
24.0
27.0
26.5
26.6
27.5
29.1
29.9
29.0
29.3
29.9
29.7
30.5
30.8
31.1
32.0
32.1
31.6
31.3
30.4
30.2
10.2
14.1
13.3
19.4
18.5
18.9
19.9
21.4
22.2
23.0
22.2
22.9
23.1
24.3
24.1
24.7
23.7
23.7
23.8
25.5
25.2
26.9
26.5
26.2
26.5
28.8
29.2
28.8
29.8
31.0
29.1
29.5
18.4
18 .5
20.7
20.6
18.9
21.8
22 .5
22 .3
23.0
23.3
24.0
23.8
23.3
23.2
23.0
22.9
24.4
25 .5
25 .2
26.4
27.4
28 . 6
27.3
All
26.5
27.5
28.8
27.2
28 . 6
31.2
34 .2
32.8
30.0
28.4
29.5
29.0
28.4
29.7
29.6
28.4
29.1
28.7
26.6
27.8
28.2
27.8
28.1
28.4
27.9
22.8
15.2
15.0
28
20.9
27
20.3
16.1
14 .5
15.2
28
21.6
13.8
15.2
29
22.5
18.9
13.8
28
22.4
19.7
16.5
13.8
28
23.3
19.7
16.8
15.4
29
23.5
19.1
16.2
15 .7
14.3
28
23.0
19.1
16.2
15 .7
14.4
28
M-5 9
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 VW Vans
2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 All
21.2 20.7 20.7
19.9 19.9
22.2 22.2
20.0 20.0
18.7 18.7
19.2 18.4 19.0
18.8 18.0 18.5
21.8 21.4 21.7
19.5 18.6 19.3
20.9 20.1 20.7
21.5 20.9 21.3
20.3 18.4 19.2
20.3 18.3 18.9
20.3 19.7 19.9
21.1 18.6 20.8
20.9 18.5 20.8
21.0 18.5 20.9
0.0
21.3 20.3 21.0
21.0 19.4 20.1
19.6 19.6
0.0
20.1 18.5 18.5
0.0
19.5 18.5 19.1
19.7 18.5 19.0
21.0 20.0 20.7
21.0 20.0 20.9
20.9 20.0 20.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
M-60
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 VW SUVs
2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 All
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
18.0 18.0
19.6 18.6 22.8 18.7
19.6 19.0 19.1
19.6 18.9 21.7 19.1
20.7 19.9 18.2 19.6
20.7 20.1 18.3 19.8
M-61
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 VW Pickups
2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 All
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
32.0
23.7
31
3
41.5
28.5
36
9
43.5
29.9
39
2
43.9
30.3
20.9
32
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
M-62
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 VW Trucks
2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 All
21.2 20.7 20.7
19.9 19.9
22.2 22.2
20.0 20.0
18.7 18.7
32.0 23.7 19.2 18.4 25.2
41.5 28.5 18.8 18.0 29.5
43.5 29.9 21.8 21.4 27.8
43.9 30.3 19.5 18.6 20.3
20.9 20.1 20.7
21.5 20.9 21.3
20.3 18.4 19.2
20.3 18.3 18.9
20.3 19.7 19.9
21.1
CO
Ch
20
20.9
18.5
20
21.0
18.5
20
0
21.3
20.3
21
21.0
19.4
20
19. 6
19
0
20.1
18.5
18
0
19.5
18.5
19
19.7
18.5
19
21.0
20.0
20
21.0
20.0
20
20.9
18.4
20
19. 6
18. 6
22.8
18
19. 6
19.0
19
19. 6
18.9
21.7
19
20.7
19.9
18 .2
19
20.7
20.1
18 .3
19
M- 63
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
2000 2250 2500
27.4 26.1
28.5 27.0
30.5 28.5
30.4 25.8
31.5 27.8
33.5 30.8
39.1 31.8
38.8 33.7
33.7 32.5
35.4 30.8
33.8
32.9
31.8
31.4
31.1
31.8
32 . 6
32 .7
32 .7
Model Year 1975 to 2008 VW All
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
All
19.5
21.6
18. 6
26
20.7
21.0
19.9
27
17. 8
20.5
19.5
19.7
22.2
17. 8
17.7
28
27
28
22.9
22 .2
19.3
18.4
30
25.4
23.0
18.7
18.0
33
28.5
22.1
21.2
21.4
32
30.3
24.0
19.6
18 . 6
28
26.0
23.5
21.1
20.1
27
26.4
23.7
21.8
20.9
28
26.0
23.7
22.3
18.4
28
27.8
24.4
21.8
18.4
27
30.6
25 .2
22.3
20.0
29
31.4
24.0
23.1
20.9
18. 6
29
30.9
27.0
24.3
20.2
18.5
28
31.8
26.5
24.1
21.3
18.5
28
31.3
26.6
24.7
22 .5
28
30.7
27.5
23.7
21.6
20.3
25
31.0
29.1
23.7
22.9
19.4
27
31.7
29.9
23.8
23.3
19. 6
28
30.1
29.0
25.5
24.0
27
31.1
29.3
25.2
23.8
20.1
18.5
28
31.0
29.9
26.9
23.3
28
29.7
26.5
23.2
19.5
18.5
27
30.5
26.2
23.0
20.8
18.5
15.0
28
30.8
26.5
22.9
20.9
20.0
27
31.1
28.8
24.4
20.6
19.6
14 .5
15.2
28
32.0
29.2
25 .5
21.3
18.4
13.8
15.2
28
32.1
28.8
25 .2
22.5
19. 6
18. 6
20.0
26
31.6
29.8
26.4
22.4
19. 6
18.7
13.8
26
31.3
31.0
27.4
23.3
19. 6
18.8
16.2
28
30.4
29.1
28 . 6
23.5
19.5
19.7
17.1
14.3
27
30.2
29.5
27.3
23.0
20.0
20.0
17.5
14.4
26
M-64
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 BMW Cars
30.7
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
22.4
14. 6
10.2
21.4
16.4
11.2
22. 6
16.4
11.1
21.5
16.3
15.0
10.8
21.6
20.0
14.9
10.8
28.9
21.3
18.8
11.3
10.7
28.9
21.3
19.1
11.0
10.5
29.0
24.4
21.2
11.1
10.1
29.0
24.4
21.5
11.1
10.9
29.0
26.8
22.5
11.0
11.0
29.0
27.7
23.4
20.5
11.1
11.0
10.1
27.3
23.2
19.5
11.1
11.0
10.1
25.8
22.7
19.4
11.4
10.9
10.4
24.2
22.9
18 .7
16.2
12.4
12.2
11.8
23.1
23.3
20.0
16.5
12.4
12.5
23.2
23.4
20.6
16.7
13.1
28.2
24.9
23.4
21.8
16.7
13.2
28.2
24.3
22 .5
16.7
14.1
29.0
26.3
23.1
19.5
14.0
13.6
29.5
26.5
22 .5
18.9
14.0
13.9
29.3
26.5
23.8
22.0
14.1
13.9
30.3
26.7
21.8
15.7
14.9
28.7
25.7
22 .7
22.4
15.0
14.9
27.8
25.5
22.8
22.4
15.0
14.9
25.8
26.2
23.9
22. 6
16.9
14.9
25 . 6
25.8
23.2
22.4
18 .3
16.1
26.3
26.0
23.7
22.1
18 .2
16.1
15.0
35.5
29.6
26.5
24.3
23.6
35. 6
29.6
26.5
24.3
23.6
20.3
35.4
30.4
25.9
24.4
23.5
20.3
17. 0
35.2
31.3
25.7
24.3
23.3
20.3
17. 0
35.1
32.0
27.7
24.3
23.1
20.4
17. 0
40.2
34 .7
28.0
25.1
22.3
19. 6
17.3
42.5
36.6
28.3
25 .7
22.8
19.7
17.3
6500
13. 6
13. 6
14.9
13. 8
15.2
15.2
All
17.2
18.4
19.8
19.2
19.5
25.0
25 . 6
25.4
25 .3
27.0
25.4
25.0
23.9
21.2
21.6
21.7
22 .7
23.8
24.9
24.9
25.1
27.0
25.4
25.1
25 .2
24 . 6
24.7
26.0
26.6
26.2
26.9
27.0
27.3
27.3
M- 65
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 BMW Wagons
2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 All
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
23.2
23
2
24.3
24
3
23.5
23
5
24.4
24
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
23.6
23
6
25.5
23.6
24
5
26.0
24.4
24
9
26.9
25.1
25
5
26.7
25.1
25
6
26.2
25.4
25
8
26.2
25.4
25
7
26.4
26
4
26.9
26.7
26
7
26.6 24.6
25
8
M-66
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 BMW Cars and Wagons
2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500
All
30.7
22.4
14. 6
10.2
17
21.4
16.4
11.2
18
22. 6
16.4
11.1
19
21.5
16.3
15.0
10.8
19
21.6
20.0
14.9
10.8
19
28.9
21.3
18.8
11.3
10.7
25
28.9
21.3
19.1
11.0
10.5
25
29.0
24.4
21.2
11.1
10.1
25
29.0
24.4
21.5
11.1
10.9
25
29.0
26.8
22.5
11.0
11.0
27
29.0
27.7
23.4
20.5
11.1
11.0
10.1
25
27.3
23.2
19.5
11.1
11.0
10.1
25
25.8
22.7
19.4
11.4
10.9
10.4
23
24.2
22.9
18 .7
16.2
12.4
12.2
11.8
21
23.1
23.3
20.0
16.5
12.4
12.5
21
23.2
23.4
20.6
16.7
13.1
21
28.2
24.9
23.4
21.8
16.7
13.2
22
28.2
24.3
22 .5
16.7
14.1
23
29.0
26.3
23.2
19.5
14.0
13.6
24
29.5
26.5
22 .5
18.9
14.0
13.9
13. 6
24
29.3
26.5
23.9
22.0
14.1
13.9
13. 6
25
30.3
26.7
21.8
15.7
14.9
27
28.7
25.7
22 .7
22.4
15.0
14.9
14.9
25
27.8
25.5
22.8
22.4
15.0
14.9
13. 8
25
25.8
26.2
23.8
22. 6
16.9
14.9
25
25 . 6
25.8
23.2
22.4
18 .3
16.1
15.2
24
26.3
26.0
23.7
22.1
18 .2
16.1
15.0
15.2
24
35.5
29.6
26.5
24.4
23.6
26
35. 6
29.6
26.5
24.3
23.6
20.3
26
35.4
30.4
25.9
24.4
23.5
20.3
17. 0
26
35.2
31.3
25.7
24.3
23.3
20.3
17. 0
26
35.1
32.0
27.7
24.5
23.1
20.4
17. 0
27
40.2
34 .7
28.0
25 .2
22.3
19. 6
17.3
27
42.5
36.6
28.3
25.8
22.9
19.7
17.3
27
M- 67
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 BMW Vans
2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 All
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
M-68
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 BMW SUVs
2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 All
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
17.5 17.5
20.2 18.5 19.2
20.1 20.1
20.0 20.0
22.3 20.8 21.5
21.9 20.8 21.3
21.7 20.8 21.2
25.5 22.8 20.1 23.5
25.6 22.8 20.1 23.0
M-69
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 BMW Pickups
2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 All
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
M-70
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 BMW Trucks
2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 All
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
17.5 17.5
20.2 18.5 19.2
20.1 20.1
20.0 20.0
22.3 20.8 21.5
21.9 20.8 21.3
21.7 20.8 21.2
25.5 22.8 20.1 23.5
25.6 22.8 20.1 23.0
M-71
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 BMW All
30.7
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
22.4
14. 6
10.2
21.4
16.4
11.2
22. 6
16.4
11.1
21.5
16.3
15.0
10.8
21.6
20.0
14.9
10.8
28.9
21.3
18.8
11.3
10.7
28.9
21.3
19.1
11.0
10.5
29.0
24.4
21.2
11.1
10.1
29.0
24.4
21.5
11.1
10.9
29.0
26.8
22.5
11.0
11.0
29.0
27.7
23.4
20.5
11.1
11.0
10.1
27.3
23.2
19.5
11.1
11.0
10.1
25.8
22.7
19.4
11.4
10.9
10.4
24.2
22.9
18 .7
16.2
12.4
12.2
11.8
23.1
23.3
20.0
16.5
12.4
12.5
23.2
23.4
20.6
16.7
13.1
28.2
24.9
23.4
21.8
16.7
13.2
28.2
24.3
22 .5
16.7
14.1
29.0
26.3
23.2
19.5
14.0
13.6
29.5
26.5
22 .5
18.9
14.0
13.9
29.3
26.5
23.9
22.0
14.1
13.9
30.3
26.7
21.8
15.7
14.9
28.7
25.7
22 .7
22.4
15.0
14.9
27.8
25.5
22.8
22.4
15.0
14.9
25.8
26.2
23.8
22. 6
16.9
14.9
25 . 6
25.8
23.2
22.4
17.5
16.1
26.3
26.0
23.7
21.2
18 .5
16.1
15.0
35.5
29.6
26.5
24.4
23.6
20.1
35. 6
29.6
26.5
24.3
23.6
20.0
35.4
30.4
25.9
23.5
23.5
20.8
17. 0
35.2
31.3
25.7
23.2
23.3
20.8
17. 0
35.1
32.0
27.7
23.6
23.1
20.8
17. 0
40.2
34 .7
28.0
25 .3
22.3
22 .7
19.9
42.5
36.6
28.3
25 .7
22.9
22.8
20.0
6500
13. 6
13. 6
14.9
13. 8
15.2
15.2
All
17.2
18.4
19.8
19.2
19.5
25.0
25 . 6
25.4
25 .3
27.0
25.4
25.0
23.9
21.2
21.6
21.7
22 .7
23.8
24.9
24.9
25.1
27.0
25.4
25.1
25.1
24.3
23.3
24.8
25 .2
24.9
25.1
25.8
26.5
26.3
M-72
September 2008
-------
Table M-73
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 All Cars
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
57.4
55.9
56.8
51.6
59.4
65.3
65.3
65.3
65.3
65.8
31.4
32 . 6
36.0
34.9
32.0
33.0
38.4
40.3
43.6
44.3
44.4
36.6
40.0
43.6
43.5
47.5
47.1
47.3
48 . 6
48.9
53.7
52 .3
54.4
53.6
50.3
61.6
75 . 6
75 .3
75.1
73.8
74 .3
73.8
49.5
28.3
29.6
32.1
31.9
31.5
32.3
34.5
35. 6
36.1
37.1
37.7
38.5
39.0
38.9
38.7
39.6
38.1
39.7
38.7
39.6
40.4
38.9
39.3
39.0
38. 6
39.6
39.3
51.5
50.8
64.5
34.1
34.3
29.9
29.9
23.9
26.1
29.2
28.0
27.9
27.9
29.2
31.1
31.9
32 . 6
32 .5
33.8
33.4
34 .2
34 .3
35.1
35.8
35.9
36.5
36.0
37.5
37.4
37.0
37.4
35.9
36.7
36.2
37.3
40.8
40.8
41.1
41.6
42.4
42.4
21.7
24.3
24.7
24.9
24.0
25.9
27.8
28.8
30.3
30.1
30.6
30.7
30.8
31.5
31.8
31.9
32.4
32.5
32.8
33.5
33. 9
33. 9
34.0
34. 6
34. 6
34.3
36.0
36.3
37.1
36.9
37.2
37. 9
37. 9
38.1
21.4
23.4
23.0
22.4
22.0
23.6
24.4
25 .7
25.8
26.4
27.1
27.5
27.8
28.4
28.4
28.5
28.1
28.4
28.7
29.1
29.7
30.0
30.0
30.1
30.1
30.6
31.6
31.4
32 .7
33.3
34.1
34.9
36.5
37.2
18.1
19.4
20.3
20.2
20.2
20.7
22.3
22.4
22.7
22.8
23.3
24.3
24.5
25.3
25.1
25.5
25.3
25.5
26.0
26.0
26.4
26.5
26.7
27.1
27.2
27.1
27.2
27.8
28.1
28.1
29.0
29.2
29.9
30.7
15 . 6
17.6
17.9
18.0
17.7
18.8
20.3
20.6
20.3
20.6
21.8
22.1
21.7
22 .2
23.0
23.0
23.3
23.4
23.6
23.5
23.5
23.8
23.8
23.8
24.1
24.3
24.5
24 . 6
24.9
25 .3
25.8
26.0
27.1
26.9
14.3
15.7
16.5
16.3
16.6
18.9
20.5
25.5
20.3
20.8
23.2
16.8
10.9
22.4
21.2
19.4
19.9
21.9
22.0
22.3
22.4
22.9
22.2
22.0
22.1
21.9
22.2
22.3
22.9
23.0
23.3
22.7
22.5
22.5
5000
5500
6000
6500
12.9
12.3
14 . 6
13.2
14.0
12.7
14.4
12.7
14.4
11.0
12 .5
10.7
11.7
10.5
11.2
10.1
11.5
10.9
11.2
11.0
10.9
11.0
10.1
10.7
11.0
10.1
11.4
10.9
10.4
12 .3
12.2
11.8
12.4
12.5
10.9
13.1
13.2
17.3
14.1
18.9
15. 6
17.6
20.4
17.7
13.9
13. 6
19. 6
18.2
13.9
13. 6
19.9
17. 8
14.9
20.2
18.1
14.9
14.9
20.2
17. 0
14.9
13. 8
19.7
14.9
19.3
18 .3
18.1
15.0
15.2
18 .2
16.1
17.6
15.2
19.1
16.1
17.6
15.2
19. 6
18 .2
15.2
18 . 6
18.8
18 .5
18.9
18.1
16.7
17.3
18.8
16.9
15.4
17. 9
19.9
17. 0
16.2
18.9
19.8
22. 6
16.9
14.9
All
15.8
17.5
18.4
20.0
20.3
23.5
25.1
26.1
25 .7
26.3
26.9
28.0
28.2
28 . 6
28.2
27.8
28.0
27.6
28.1
28.0
28.3
28.3
28.4
28.5
28.2
28.2
28.5
28.8
28.9
29.0
29.7
29.3
30.4
30.4
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
M-73
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 All Wagons
2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500
All
25.0
21.9
21.5
18.9
14 .5
13. 9
12 . 6
11.9
16.1
31.2
26.8
25.4
23.9
19.0
18 .2
14.5
14 .7
13.5
17.3
32.2
29.7
25.7
23.9
19.5
17.7
16.5
14 .5
12.4
18.0
32.0
27.8
24.0
23.1
19.7
18.1
16.2
15 .3
13.5
19.2
30.3
27.9
25.3
23.2
20.1
18 .3
16.0
19.7
32. 6
29.2
32.0
23.8
21.2
19.3
19.2
23.6
34.0
30.2
27.1
24.2
21.3
20.5
20.2
25 . 6
35.9
31.4
28.7
25 . 6
22. 6
21.0
19.0
25 .3
37.2
33.1
29.6
25.8
23.9
20.1
19.5
27.2
37.2
33.3
30.0
27.4
23.8
20.3
19.9
26.4
35.9
34.4
30.0
27.5
24.1
21.0
21.0
27.5
36.9
33.0
29.9
27.9
25.2
21.6
22.0
27.1
37.3
33.5
30.9
29.0
25.1
22.0
22.3
27.2
33.8
31.6
28.9
25.5
22 .2
22.9
27.6
34 .5
31.5
29.3
25.2
22 .5
22.4
26.9
36.6
32.1
29.6
25.4
22 .3
22.8
26.7
38.4
33. 8
29.8
26.1
22.8
22.8
28.0
35 .5
34.0
29.5
26.5
22 .2
22.7
27.5
35.9
34.2
29.1
26.5
24.2
22.5
29.6
35.8
35.2
29.1
26.5
23.9
22.9
29.4
37.8
34. 6
28.5
26.7
24.9
22.8
29.6
33. 8
29.2
26.9
25.1
23.2
27.7
38.0
34.2
29.9
27.0
24.9
28.9
33.8
33. 9
29.7
27.1
24 . 6
28.3
33.9
34.5
29.2
27.2
24.9
27.7
33.7
34.4
31.1
27.3
24.7
27.7
34.0
32.4
27.3
25.4
20.3
26.9
33. 8
31.6
26.3
26.2
18.7
26.7
34 .3
27.0
26.2
21.6
29.1
37.5
34.9
27.9
26.1
22.2
21.8
27.8
38.3
35.1
28.3
24.8
22. 6
21.8
28.0
37. 0
35 .2
28.7
25 .7
22.4
21.7
20.3
28.4
39.8
35 .2
28.7
26.5
22.4
21.6
18.9
28 . 6
39.9
35 .7
29.8
26.7
22.5
21.6
21.4
29.6
M-7 4
September 2008
-------
Table M-75
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 All Cars and Wagons
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
57.4
55.9
56.8
51.6
59.4
65.3
65.3
65.3
65.3
65.8
31.4
32 . 6
36.0
34.9
32.0
33.0
38.4
40.3
43.6
44.3
44.4
36.6
40.0
43.6
43.5
47.5
47.1
47.3
48 . 6
48.9
53.7
52 .3
54.4
53.6
50.3
61.6
75 . 6
75 .3
75.1
73.8
74 .3
73.8
49.5
28.3
29.6
32.1
31.9
31.4
32.4
34.4
35. 6
36.2
37.1
37.5
38.5
39.0
38.9
38.7
39.6
38.1
39.7
38.7
39.6
40.4
38.9
39.3
39.0
38. 6
39.6
39.3
51.5
50.8
64.5
34.1
34.3
29.9
29.9
24.4
26.2
29.3
27.9
27.9
28.0
29.4
31.2
32 .2
32 .7
32.8
33.7
33.4
34.1
34.4
35.1
35.8
35.9
36.5
36.0
37.5
37.4
37.0
37.3
35.9
36.7
36.2
37.3
40.8
40.8
41.1
41.6
42.4
42.4
21.7
24.5
24.8
24.8
24.0
26.1
27.7
28.8
30.2
30.1
30.6
30.6
30.8
31.5
31.8
31.9
32.5
32. 6
33. 0
33. 6
33. 9
33. 9
34.0
34.5
34. 6
34.3
35.9
36.3
37.1
36.9
37.3
37. 8
38.2
38.3
21.4
23.5
23.2
22 .5
22.1
23.6
24.4
25 .7
25.8
26.4
27.1
27.5
27.9
28.4
28.4
28 . 6
28.1
28.4
28.7
29.1
29.7
29.9
30.0
30.1
30.1
30.6
31.6
31.4
32.8
33.5
34 .2
34.9
36.4
37.1
18.2
19.4
20.2
20.2
20.2
20.7
22.2
22.4
22.8
22.9
23.4
24.4
24.6
25.4
25.1
25.5
25.4
25. 6
26.0
26.1
26.4
26.5
26.7
27.1
27.2
27.1
27.2
27.7
28.0
28.1
28.9
29.2
29.8
30.5
15 . 6
17.7
17.9
18.0
17.8
18.8
20.3
20.6
20.3
20.6
21.7
22.1
21.7
22 .2
23.0
23.0
23.3
23.4
23.6
23.5
23.5
23.9
23.8
23.8
24.2
24.4
24 . 6
24.8
25.1
25.4
25 .7
26.0
27.1
26.9
14.3
15.7
16.5
16.3
16.5
19.0
20.4
21.0
19.9
20.2
21.0
21.5
22.3
22. 6
21.8
20.3
20.9
22.1
22.1
22.4
22.4
22.9
22.2
22.0
22.1
21.9
22.0
22.3
22.8
22.9
23.1
22. 6
22.4
22.5
5000
5500
6000
6500
12.9
12.2
14 . 6
13.3
14.1
12. 6
14 . 6
12.8
14.4
11.0
12 .5
10.7
11.7
10.5
11.2
10.1
11.5
10.9
11.2
11.0
10.9
11.0
10.1
10.7
11.0
10.1
11.4
10.9
10.4
12 .3
12.2
11.8
12.4
12.5
10.9
13.1
13.2
17.3
14.1
18.9
15. 6
17.6
20.4
17.7
13.9
13. 6
19. 6
18.2
13.9
13. 6
19.9
17. 8
14.9
20.2
18.1
14.9
14.9
20.2
17. 0
14.9
13. 8
19.7
14.9
19.3
18 .3
18.1
15.0
15.2
18 .2
16.1
17.6
15.2
19.1
16.1
17.6
15.2
19. 6
18 .2
15.2
21.7
18.8
18 .5
18.9
21.7
16.7
17.3
21.5
19.9
15.4
17. 9
20.8
18.5
16.2
18.9
20.7
21.7
16.9
14.9
All
15.8
17.5
18 .3
19.9
20.3
23.5
25.1
26.0
25.9
26.3
27.0
27.9
28.1
28 . 6
28.1
27.8
28.0
27.6
28.2
28.0
28.3
28.3
28.4
28.5
28.2
28.2
28.4
28 . 6
28.9
28.9
29.5
29.2
30.3
30.3
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
M-75
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 All Vans
39.0
38. 6
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
All
21.2
19.0
14.0
11.6
12.0
11.1
10.6
13.1
19.5
14.1
13.3
12.4
11.1
11.9
11.5
13.9
20.2
16.1
13.5
12.4
13.0
12.3
14 .7
19.4
15 . 6
13. 0
12 .5
12 .5
11.7
14 .2
18.7
16.5
13. 6
11.8
11.4
10.6
13.5
19.0
18.4
16.3
14 .2
12.4
10.9
16.6
19.3
18 .7
17.1
14.8
12.3
17.5
20.9
18.8
16.8
15.1
13. 4
11.9
17.3
19.5
18.8
17.3
17.1
18.2
12 . 6
17.7
29.8
25 .7
24.2
18.0
17. 0
15 . 6
14.5
12.9
18.9
29.8
26.1
23.5
19.8
16.1
15.4
12.9
21.3
19.5
29.4
26.9
24.3
21.1
17.5
16.0
15.0
23.1
20.6
29.3
26.6
24.1
21.7
17.3
15.9
14. 6
22.9
20.9
27.4
24.5
22 .2
17. 9
16.7
14.2
21.7
21.2
26.3
24.3
22 .5
17.5
16.5
14.4
21.3
21.1
26.4
25.2
22 .2
18.7
16.5
14.4
21.5
21.2
26.2
25.3
22 .5
19.1
16.6
15.2
20.4
21.4
28.3
25.7
22 . 6
19.2
17.5
15.9
15.0
21.5
28.5
25.3
22 . 6
19.8
17.7
16.1
21.3
21.9
28.4
24.7
22 .7
19.3
17.6
16.2
15 .5
21.5
27.7
25.1
22.9
19.1
17.8
16.2
16.1
21.8
27.7
27.0
23.5
20.6
17.8
15.8
16.1
22 .2
24.2
23.4
20.7
19.0
17.3
16.3
22.1
27.0
23.8
21.5
18 . 6
17. 4
16.4
22 .7
26.9
23.9
22.1
18 .2
17.5
16.0
22 .3
24.2
22.3
18.4
17.2
16.2
14.2
22.8
24 . 6
23.5
19.1
17. 4
16.0
22.1
24.9
23.3
18 .7
17.5
17.1
23.0
25.4
23.6
19.3
18.2
18 .5
23.5
25.1
24.2
20.4
19.1
18 .7
23.7
25 .5
24.1
20.7
19.3
18 .2
24.0
25 .7
24.5
19.9
19.2
18 .2
24.3
25.8
24.4
20.4
19.2
18.1
24.3
28.9
24.8
24 . 6
19.4
17.8
24.5
M-7 6
September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 All SUVs
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
All
16.8
13.2
13.5
11.1
10.5
10.3
13.0
17. 8
15.4
14.3
13.3
13. 9
12.8
11.2
11.9
13.8
18. 6
16.8
14 .5
15.4
13.6
11.7
11.9
15.1
18.1
16.8
14 .2
14.7
13.0
11.8
11.4
14.4
25 .7
20.8
17.2
15. 6
14.4
12.9
11.4
10.6
12 . 6
25 .2
19.7
16.3
16.0
14.5
14.0
13. 8
13.4
15 .5
25 .2
20.9
17.2
16.9
15.8
15 .3
14.1
16.8
25 .2
24.8
23.6
20.3
16.6
19.4
15.7
15.1
21.2
21.2
17.6
25 .2
24.8
23.2
20.5
24.4
21.9
15.7
15 .7
20.2
20.8
19.1
28.8
22 . 6
22 .7
21.7
21.8
14.8
15 .3
17. 9
21.0
19.3
28.8
24.2
22.2
22.0
15.0
15 .7
16.1
21.4
19.8
33.1
25. 6
24.0
21.9
21.1
15. 6
16.4
15.7
22.1
20.2
33.1
22.8
22.3
20.4
14. 6
15 .7
16.8
20.9
20.6
33.2
22.8
21.4
20.8
15.0
16.1
16.5
18 .3
20.4
33. 4
31.3
29.3
22 .2
21.1
21.2
14.9
15.9
17.5
15.8
20.0
31.9
28.7
23.4
21.0
20.5
17.5
16.0
17.3
16.0
19.8
31.2
28.9
27.0
20.5
20.9
19.8
15.8
17.2
15 .7
20.2
20.3
30.0
29.0
23.7
20.0
20.4
19.4
15 .7
16.3
14.9
19.9
29.4
29.0
24.1
19.9
20.5
19.7
16.1
16.8
15.8
19.9
29.4
28.6
23.8
20.2
19.7
19.9
16.5
16.8
16.1
19.7
29.7
28.4
23.5
19.8
19.5
19.9
17.0
16.9
15 .7
19. 6
29.3
28.5
28.2
20.4
19.9
20.2
17.0
17. 4
16.8
20.0
28.4
28.6
27.9
22. 6
20.2
19.8
18.0
17. 4
16.7
20.1
28.5
28.5
28.9
24.0
20.7
20.1
17.3
17. 0
16.1
20.1
31.0
29.4
25.3
21.2
19.7
17.4
17.5
16.5
20.1
31.1
29.3
24.0
21.1
19.9
17.6
18.2
16.6
20.1
31.0
29.5
24.7
21.7
20.4
17.1
18.5
16.8
20.8
30.3
25.8
21.9
19.9
18.9
18.4
17.7
20.6
29.6
26.2
22.9
20.7
19.3
18.3
17.4
20.8
30.7
26.5
23.0
21.3
19. 6
18.4
17.4
20.9
30.8
27.0
23.9
21.6
19.5
18. 6
18 .2
21.6
28.2
24.1
22.7
20.0
18.7
18.1
22.1
29.1
25 .2
22. 6
20.3
19.2
19.7
22 .7
29.3
25.9
23.1
21.3
19.5
19. 6
18.2
23.3
M-77 September 2008
-------
'able
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 All Pickups
2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000
5500
6000
6500
All
25.0
25.2 32.0
25.2 41.5
43.1
39.2
28.8
27.2
27.5
25.8
28.4
29.7
32 . 6
28.1
29.6
30.0
29.8
22.7
24.1
25.7
25.8
22.7
25.2
27.9
28.3
28.8
28.2
29.9
29.5
29.7
27.8
27.6
26.0
28.2
20.7
22 .3
28 . 6
27.5
23.9
23.6
27.1
26.4
26.4
26.6
26.3
26.8
27.0
27.4
27.6
28.2
27.5
27.1
27.4
28.0
27.3
27.2
26.6
27.3
27.2
26.7
27.1
27.7
27.7
27.6
15.1
16.5
17.1
18.5
18.9
18.7
21.3
22.3
23.4
22.7
23.3
23.2
22.9
22.8
22. 6
23.1
23.9
24.7
24.5
25.3
26.3
26.3
27.0
26.1
24.9
24.9
24.5
24.9
25.7
25.9
25.9
26.1
26.0
26.9
14.1
15 .3
16.7
16.1
15.9
18 .7
19.2
18 .7
18 .5
18 .5
18 .5
19.2
19.1
19.7
20.1
20.2
20.4
20.4
20.5
20.9
20.9
21.6
21.5
21.3
20.7
20.8
20.7
20.9
21.4
21.8
23.1
23.4
22.8
23.1
11.8
12. 6
13.7
13. 6
14.2
15.7
16.8
17.1
17. 0
16.8
16.8
17. 4
17.2
17. 8
17. 8
18.0
18.1
18.4
19.0
18.7
18. 6
18.9
19.8
19.8
19.9
20.0
20.0
19.8
20.2
20.5
20.8
21.3
21.3
21.5
11.0
11.7
12.9
12.8
12.9
15.9
16.9
18.9
18.0
17.4
16.3
16.3
16.0
16.4
16.0
16.4
16.2
16.7
16.9
17.0
16.8
17.3
18 .2
17.6
18.1
18.4
18 . 6
18 .7
18.9
19.2
19.4
19.9
19.8
20.4
10.0
11.4
11.8
12.1
11.3
13.3
13.3
22.4
22.1
21.9
21.1
21.1
21.1
16.9
19.2
18. 6
17.5
16.3
17. 0
16.9
15.9
15.3
17. 0
16.4
16.3
16.2
16.3
17. 0
17.2
17. 9
18.3
18.7
19.6
19.9
12 . 6
10.9
9.9
19. 6
19. 6
21.2
20.5
19.5
18.1
18.1
18 .7
18 .7
15 . 6
16.8
15.8
15.8
17.5
17.6
18.1
18.0
17.6
18 .7
18.4
11.8
12.0
16.3
15.2
15.1
17.1
14.0
14 . 6
16.0
15 .7
15 .5
19.4
21.0
21.7
22 .2
21.5
21.4
22 .2
22 .5
21.5
21.2
20.7
21.7
20.9
21.1
21.0
20.4
20.8
20.4
20.7
19.9
20.5
19. 6
19.5
19.9
19. 6
19.7
20.1
20.2
20.2
M-78
September 2008
-------
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-08-i
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
2000 2250 2500
27.2
25.7 25.0 27.5
25.2 32.0 25.8
25.2 41.5 28.4
25.2 39.1 27.6
25.2 28.4 28.2
31.1 27.0
28.8 29.6
33.1 30.0
33.1 29.8
33.2
33.4 31.3
31.9
31.2
30.0
29.4
29.4
29.7
29.3
28.4
28.5
Model Year 1975 to 2008 All Trucks
2750 3000
21.0 20.7
22.5 21.0
24.2 26.0
23.5 25.2
22.6 21.9
25.2 22.7
27.9 25.9
28.3 25.9
28.8 25.7
28.3 26.0
29.9 26.2
29.5 26.8
29.7 26.9
27.8 27.4
27.6 27.4
26.8 27.8
28.9 27.5
28.6 26.9
29.0 27.0
28.6 27.2
28.4 25.7
28.5 27.6
28.6 27.5
28.5 27.9
31.0 28.3
31.1 28.0
31.0 28.9
29.6
29.1
29.5
30.8
3500 4000
16.1 14.1
16.9 15.0
17.5 16.5
18.6 15.9
16.9 15.9
18.3 18.6
20.9 19.1
22.1 18.7
23.3 19.0
22.7 18.9
23.0 19.6
23.0 20.1
23.0 20.5
22.6 21.1
22.5 21.5
23.0 21.3
22.8 21.5
23.2 21.5
23.5 21.5
24.2 21.3
24.7 21.4
24.5 22.0
24.9 21.8
25.3 22.1
25.1 22.0
24.5 22.2
24.6 22.1
25.6 22.4
26.0 23.2
26.4 22.9
26.9 24.1
27.8 24.1
28.5 24.9
29.0 25.4
4500 5000
11.9
11.1
12.9
12.1
13. 8
13.1
13.5
12.8
13. 9
12 .3
15.7
15.1
16.8
15.8
16.8
17.0
17. 0
17.0
16.7
16.0
16.4
15.9
17.3
16.3
17.1
15.9
17.7
16.4
17. 6
16.1
18.2
16.4
18.8
16.2
18.9
16.8
19.3
17.0
19.3
17.0
19.2
17.0
19.8
17.4
19.9
18 .3
20.2
17.7
20.3
17.9
20.5
18 .2
20.9
18.4
20.6
18 .7
21.3
19.1
21.9
19.4
22.4
19. 6
23.1
20.0
23.0
20.1
23.5
21.2
5500 6000
10.0
10.9
11.4
11.9
11.8
12.4
12.1
11.8
11.1
10.8
13.1
12 .3
13.7
21.5
21.1
20.4
20.2
17. 9
20.4
16.1
21.4
16.0
22 .2
16.7
21.2
16.2
18 .7
17.2
15.8
16.8
16.0
16.7
15.8
16.2
14.9
16.6
15.8
16.7
16.1
16.6
15.8
16.6
16.7
17.2
16.7
16.9
15.9
17. 0
16.7
17. 8
16.6
17. 6
16.5
17.7
17.7
17. 8
17.5
18.1
17.7
18.4
18.1
18.7
17.9
19.5
19.4
19.8
19.0
6500 All
10.6
13.7
11.5
14.4
12.3
15 . 6
11.7
15 .2
14 .7
12.0
18 . 6
20.1
20.5
20.9
20.5
20.6
21.4
21.6
21.2
20.9
20.7
20.2
21.3
20.8
21.0
20.8
20.5
20.8
20.6
20.9
20.5
14.2
20.8
20.6
20.6
20.9
20.8
16.3
21.4
15.2
21.8
15.1
22.1
CO
22 .5
M-79
September 2008
-------
Table M-80
YEAR
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Inertia Weight
Model Year 1975 to 2008 All Light Vehicles
1750 2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500
All
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
57.4
55.9
56.8
51.6
59.4
65.3
65.3
65.3
65.3
65.8
31.4
32 . 6
36.0
34.9
32.0
32.8
38 .3
40.1
43.1
44.3
44.4
36.6
40.0
43.6
43.5
47.5
47.1
47.3
48 . 6
48.9
53.7
52 .3
54.4
53.6
50.3
61.6
75 . 6
75 .3
75.1
73.8
74 .3
73.8
49.5
28.3
29.6
32.1
31.9
31.4
32.4
34.5
35. 6
36.2
37. 0
37. 4
38.2
38.2
37. 8
38. 6
39.6
38.1
39.7
38.7
39.6
40.4
38.9
39.3
39.0
38. 6
39.6
39.3
51.5
50.8
64.5
34.1
34.3
29.9
29.9
24.4
26.2
29.3
27.9
27.9
28.0
29.3
31.1
32.0
32 . 6
32.8
33.7
33.4
34.1
34 .3
35.0
35 .7
35 . 6
36.2
35 .5
37.1
37.3
36.9
36.9
35.9
36.7
36.2
37.3
40.8
40.8
41.1
41.6
42.4
42.4
21.4
23.5
24.5
24.4
23.5
25.8
27.8
28.7
29.8
29.9
30.5
30.5
30.7
31.2
31.5
31.7
32.4
32.4
32.9
33.5
33. 8
33. 6
34.0
34.5
34. 6
34.3
35.9
36.3
37.1
36.9
37.3
37. 8
38.2
38.3
21.4
23.3
23.6
22.8
22.1
23.5
24 . 6
25 .7
25.8
26.3
26.9
27.3
27.7
28.2
28.2
28.5
28.0
28.1
28.4
28.8
29.1
29.7
29.7
29.8
29.9
30.5
31.4
31.3
32 .7
33.3
34.1
34.9
36.4
37.1
18.1
19.2
19.9
20.1
20.1
20.6
22.1
22.4
22.9
22.9
23.3
24.0
24.0
24.5
24.4
24.9
24.7
25.1
25.4
25.5
26.0
26.1
26.3
26.7
26.8
26.6
26.7
27.3
27.6
27.8
28.6
28.9
29.6
30.2
14.8
16.5
17.5
17.1
17.3
18.8
19.9
20.0
20.0
20.0
21.0
21.0
21.1
21.5
22.0
22.1
22 .2
22 .3
22 .2
22.1
22 .2
22 .7
22 . 6
22 . 6
22 .7
22.9
23.1
23.3
23.8
23.9
24.8
25 .3
26.1
26.4
13. 8
15.0
15.9
15.3
15.4
17.1
18.3
17. 9
17. 6
17.3
16.8
17.7
17. 6
18.1
17. 9
18.3
18.9
19.1
19.5
19.4
19.3
20.0
20.0
20.2
20.3
20.5
21.0
20.7
21.5
22.0
22.5
23.1
22.9
23.3
12 . 6
14.1
13.9
13.8
12 .7
15.1
15.8
16.9
16.9
15.9
15.8
16.2
15.8
16.4
16.1
16.4
16.2
16.8
17.1
17.1
17.1
17.4
18 .3
17.7
17.9
18 .2
18.4
18 .7
19.1
19.5
19. 6
20.0
20.1
21.2
12.0
13.1
12.4
12.4
11.1
13.1
13.5
21.4
20.3
17. 9
16.1
16.0
16.6
16.2
17.1
16.7
16.6
16.2
16.6
16.7
16.7
16.6
17.2
16.9
17. 0
17. 8
17. 6
17.7
17. 8
18.2
18.4
18.8
19.5
19.9
10.9
11.9
12.4
11.8
10.8
12 .3
21.1
20.2
20.4
21.3
22.1
21.0
18 .7
15.8
16.0
15.8
14.9
15.9
16.1
15.8
16.7
16.7
15.9
16.7
16.6
16.6
17.7
17.5
17.7
18.1
17.9
19.3
19.0
10.6
11.5
12.3
11.7
12.0
20.2
13. 6
13. 6
14.9
13. 8
15.1
15.2
15.2
15.2
18.9
16.3
17.7
18.9
18.1
15 .3
16.7
17.7
18 . 6
18 .7
22 .5
24.1
24.7
24 . 6
24 . 6
25.0
25 .7
25.9
25.9
25.4
25 .2
25.4
24.9
25.1
24 . 6
24.7
24.8
24.5
24.5
24.1
24.3
24.2
24.1
24.3
24.0
24.8
25 .2
25 .7
26.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
M-8 0
September 2008
-------
September 2008
Light-Duty Automotive Technology and
Fuel Economy Trends:
1975 Through 2008
Appendix N: Fuel Economy and
Ton MPG by Marketing Group,
Vehicle Type and Size
Compliance and Innovative Strategies Division
and
Transportation and Climate Division
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
NOTICE
This Technical Report does not necessarily represent final EPA decisions or positions.
It is intended to present technical analysis of issues using data that are currently available.
The purpose in the release of such reports is to facilitate an exchange of
technical information and to inform the public of technical developments.
-------
Table N-l
LAB 55/45 Fuel Economy Values by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Size for GM
YEAR Small Midsize Large
Cars Cars Cars
Small Midsize Large Small
Wagons Wagons Wagons Vans
Midsize Large Small
Vans Vans SUVs
Midsize Large
SUVs SUVs
Small Midsize Large
Pickups Pickups Pickups
1975
16.7
15 .3
13.3
22.8
13.9
12 .2
14.4
11.8
12 .2
22 .3
14.0
1976
18.4
16.8
14 .3
23.2
14.8
13.6
14.0
13.1
12 .7
25.0
14 .3
1977
18 .7
17.5
17.1
25.4
15.4
17.0
15.0
14.9
13.6
25.0
14.8
1978
20.1
20.0
17.5
24.3
19.1
16.4
14.1
14 .2
13.2
26.2
14 .3
1979
20.7
20.0
17.5
23.8
19.2
16.0
14 .7
11.8
11.0
24.8
14 . 6
1980
23.9
21.9
19.2
20.8
19.4
16.7
14.9
14.0
26.5
17.4
1981
25 .7
23.1
21.0
21.9
20.4
18.0
16.8
15 .3
29.2
18.9
1982
26.7
24.5
21.0
28.4
22.4
19.0
17.9
14 .3
19.5
18.9
34.0
26.2
19.5
1983
27.3
23.8
20.3
29.1
22 .2
19.5
18.9
14 .7
21.7
17.6
34 .5
25 .3
19.0
1984
27.8
24.0
20.7
30.5
23.7
19.9
18 .2
13.9
21.5
16.9
32.4
24.2
18 .5
1985
29.0
25.0
22.9
30.7
24.5
21.0
18.8
14.1
21.6
16.9
31.4
24.9
17.8
1986
29.7
26.1
24 . 6
30.5
25 .7
22.0
19.4
14 .7
20.5
16.8
29.3
24 . 6
18 .2
1987
30.1
26.6
24.5
31.6
25 .7
22 .3
19.8
17.0
20.6
17.0
25 .2
18.0
1988
30.4
27.2
25.1
31.3
27.8
22.9
20.2
17.3
20.9
16.6
25.9
18 .2
1989
29.8
27.3
24 . 6
31.0
27.0
22.4
20.3
18.0
27.2
21.1
16.7
25.1
18 .3
1990
30.4
26.6
24.1
30.3
26.7
22.8
20.7
18.1
27.6
20.0
16.7
24.9
18.1
1991
30.2
26.0
23.8
30.1
26.1
22.8
20.8
18 .3
27.7
21.1
16.6
25.0
18 .5
1992
29.9
25 .2
23.7
29.5
26.1
22 .7
20.9
18.1
27.3
20.4
15.8
24.3
18 . 6
1993
30.3
25 .7
24.2
30.5
26.4
22 .5
20.7
17.9
27.5
21.6
16.4
24.2
18.8
1994
30.1
25 .7
24.4
30.7
26.2
22.9
21.0
18.1
25 .5
21.0
16.5
25.0
18 .5
1995
30.2
25 . 6
24.7
33.4
26.1
22.8
20.7
17.5
28.8
21.0
16.6
25 .7
18.0
1996
30.4
26.3
24 . 6
33.5
26.7
23.2
22 .2
18 .3
28.2
21.3
17.4
26.1
19.2
1997
31.0
26.2
25 .3
33.5
22 .5
19.0
28.1
21.1
17.6
25 .2
19.0
1998
30.7
26.2
24.9
33.9
22.9
18 .2
23.1
21.4
17.5
25.9
18.9
1999
29.6
26.1
24.9
34.0
26.3
23.0
18.1
26.2
20.9
17.9
24.8
18 .7
2000
29.9
26.5
25.8
32 .7
26.6
23.1
18.0
27.2
21.0
17.6
24.2
19.7
2001
30.4
27.0
26.3
32.9
27.7
24.2
18.1
24.9
21.2
17.9
22 .5
19.8
2002
30.6
27.5
26.6
29.5
27.7
23.4
18 .2
26.2
21.7
19.3
20.9
18.8
2003
30.5
27.6
27.0
34.9
28.4
24.0
19.3
25 . 6
24.3
18.8
23.4
19.0
2004
30.8
28.3
27.2
35 .3
27.6
24.1
19.7
23.7
24.3
19.4
23.3
19.7
2005
30.8
27.9
27.6
33.9
26.3
23.3
19. 6
26.4
20.3
24.1
20.1
2006
30.3
27.4
26.6
31.7
24.9
24.1
19.9
27.3
21.0
24.4
20.4
2007
30.8
27.4
26.7
31.3
26.6
24.1
19.8
27.7
20.8
22 .3
20.2
2008
30.6
27.9
26.0
33.3
26.2
21.9
20.0
25.4
21.8
24.5
20.8
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
N-l
September 2008
-------
Table N-2
LAB 55/45 Fuel Economy Values by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Size for Ford
YEAR Small Midsize Large
Cars Cars Cars
Small Midsize Large Small
Wagons Wagons Wagons Vans
Midsize Large Small
Vans Vans SUVs
Midsize Large
SUVs SUVs
Small Midsize Large
Pickups Pickups Pickups
1975
16.5
11.7
11.6
20.7
12 .3
11.0
12 . 6
10.6
16.8
21.1
11.9
1976
18 .7
14 .7
14 .2
23.4
15.4
13.6
13.4
13.7
18 .2
22.9
13.4
1977
18 .7
15 .5
13.9
24.0
15.8
13.7
19.3
15 .5
14 .5
19.3
29.6
15 .2
1978
23.5
17.7
15 .3
23.4
19.5
15.0
15.0
13.2
29.3
15 .2
1979
22.4
17.8
16.9
25 .2
20.0
16.5
12.1
11.0
26.3
14.1
1980
24.1
22.1
18.9
26.8
22 .7
18.4
16.2
14.0
26.2
17.1
1981
27.8
21.6
18.8
30.2
21.2
18 .5
16.8
15.1
27.1
18 .5
1982
28 . 6
21.3
19.7
31.3
22.0
19.9
16.2
14.8
29.7
17.8
1983
26.4
22.4
19.8
30.7
24.1
19.8
16.3
15 .3
26.8
17.2
1984
27.8
23.1
19.9
32.8
24.7
19.9
16.6
21.2
15.0
26.4
17.4
1985
28.8
23.4
20.7
33.4
24 . 6
20.7
16.2
21.8
14.9
26.1
18.0
1986
28.3
25.4
22.0
33.1
25.4
22.0
22 .3
17.7
22 .2
16.6
26.4
18.4
1987
28.4
25 .5
21.8
33.4
25.0
21.8
22 .2
17.1
22.8
16.0
26.1
17.8
1988
29.0
26.4
22 . 6
32.9
24.9
22 . 6
22.0
17.0
22 .2
16.2
25 .7
18.1
1989
29.2
26.4
22.9
32 .3
24.8
22.8
22 .2
16.9
22 .2
16.1
25.8
18.1
1990
28.8
26.4
22.8
33.0
24.8
22 .5
21.2
16.5
22.4
16.1
25 .5
18 .3
1991
29.5
26.5
23.2
34 .2
26.0
23.5
21.4
16.7
20.1
25 .7
18 .3
1992
29.4
26.3
24.2
35.1
26.4
21.5
17.0
20.0
25 .7
18.1
1993
30.3
26.3
24.0
34 . 6
26.4
22 .3
17.0
20.1
25.4
18 .5
1994
30.1
25.9
23.6
35.8
26.1
22.0
17.0
16.8
20.0
24.8
18 . 6
1995
30.6
26.1
23.2
34 .3
26.2
22.8
17.0
17.1
19.4
25.8
18 .5
1996
29.6
25.8
23.1
32 .5
25.4
22 .7
16.6
19.5
25.4
18.0
1997
31.3
25 . 6
23.1
33.7
25 .2
22.1
18.4
16.7
19. 6
17.5
25 .7
19.7
1998
30.0
26.3
23.0
33.0
24.9
23.2
18 .5
20.0
17.3
24.0
19.3
1999
30.2
26.5
23.3
34.4
25 .5
22 .3
17.9
20.1
17.2
22 . 6
19.0
2000
29.8
25 .2
25.0
28.0
27.6
22 .5
18 .3
20.0
17.5
22 .5
19.2
2001
29.8
25 .3
24.7
30.0
26.8
22.8
17.7
22 .2
19.2
22.1
18.9
2002
29.0
25 . 6
25 .5
28.7
27.8
22.9
18 .7
22 .5
19.1
22 .3
19.1
2003
28.9
26.3
25 .2
28.8
27.8
23.3
18 . 6
20.9
17.7
22 .7
19.1
2004
27.5
26.3
24.7
28.9
26.2
22.4
19.0
20.9
18.1
22.4
18.8
2005
28.8
26.9
26.1
27.6
27.9
24.2
19.0
22.9
18 . 6
22.8
18 . 6
2006
28 . 6
28.4
25 .5
28.1
27.8
24.1
18.9
22.9
18 .7
23.3
18 .5
2007
30.0
28.3
25.4
28 . 6
27.5
24.3
25 .2
21.0
23.4
19.0
2008
29.6
27.9
23.8
28.4
24.8
24.1
26.1
21.1
23.3
19.1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
N-2
September 2008
-------
Table N-3
LAB 55/45 Fuel Economy Values by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Size for Chrysler
YEAR Small Midsize Large
Cars Cars Cars
Small Midsize Large Small
Wagons Wagons Wagons Vans
Midsize Large Small
Vans Vans SUVs
Midsize Large
SUVs SUVs
Small Midsize Large
Pickups Pickups Pickups
1975
18.8
12 . 6
14.1
20.9
13.9
13.0
12 . 6
16.8
12.9
13.0
1976
19.5
14.1
13.2
20.2
17.1
12.8
14 .2
17.2
13.4
14.0
1977
20.0
15.0
13.0
19.1
16.9
13.3
13.8
18 .2
14 .2
14 .5
1978
22.9
16.1
12.8
19.7
17.4
13.6
13.4
17.8
14.0
14 .5
1979
26.0
18 .7
17.1
19. 6
17.9
13.8
16.8
13.0
23.9
23.9
13.5
1980
25.8
19.3
17.2
21.5
18 .3
17.1
13.3
18.8
13.5
24.7
24.7
16.4
1981
28.2
24.3
17.8
21.7
25 .7
17.6
15.0
20.7
15 .5
20.7
24 . 6
17.9
1982
29.6
25 .2
23.3
27.9
17.9
14 .5
21.1
15.9
26.0
25 . 6
18 . 6
1983
32.4
25 .3
23.9
27.6
18.1
14 .7
21.1
15.1
29.0
27.8
18.4
1984
31.1
25 .5
28.1
29.7
20.1
13.7
21.9
17.3
26.4
27.1
16.8
1985
31.2
25.9
20.5
27.1
27.7
20.9
13.8
22.1
18 .2
22.0
27.2
16.4
1986
32.0
26.5
20.0
28.0
27.0
21.7
14 .5
21.5
19.0
27.3
17.7
1987
30.0
25.8
20.2
27.6
27.2
22.1
14 .7
21.5
19.3
23.8
16.6
1988
30.2
26.9
24.0
31.4
28 . 6
27.4
23.0
14 . 6
20.8
18.9
22.8
16.6
1989
29.9
26.5
23.7
32.1
26.8
26.1
22 .7
14.4
20.6
18.9
22.1
16.2
1990
28.7
26.5
24.2
32 .5
25 . 6
23.0
16.0
20.9
19. 6
21.9
16.1
1991
28.8
26.9
24.4
25 .7
22.8
16.2
21.1
18.9
20.3
16.1
1992
28.8
26.8
24.8
27.0
22 . 6
15 .3
20.9
19.5
19.7
16.9
1993
29.5
27.8
25 .3
27.4
27.6
23.6
16.1
21.1
19.3
19.4
16.8
1994
28.5
27.7
24.1
27.6
22.4
16.5
21.0
18.9
20.5
17.0
1995
30.7
27.3
24.9
26.5
23.0
15.8
21.7
18.8
20.7
16.2
1996
29.1
27.9
24.4
26.5
22.8
16.4
19.3
20.3
16.5
1997
28.9
28.5
24.3
22 .7
15.9
20.5
19.2
19.8
16.9
1998
29.5
28.0
26.0
23.4
17.2
20.3
19.8
16.5
20.5
17.0
1999
28.1
27.8
26.0
23.1
17.5
19.7
20.3
16.6
19.2
17.1
2000
29.9
26.5
26.1
24.1
17.5
20.0
20.1
17.2
19.7
18.1
2001
29.1
27.8
25.9
27.0
26.1
24.1
17.5
19.9
20.0
17.2
19. 6
17.0
2002
29.4
27.5
25.4
25.4
24.5
16.5
19.4
19.9
18.4
18 .2
17.8
2003
29.3
28.8
26.9
25 . 6
25.0
17.5
19.9
21.7
19.2
18.1
18 .2
2004
30.2
28 . 6
26.7
27.6
22.0
24.5
20.7
21.2
17.6
20.0
17.3
2005
30.1
29.0
24.9
27.6
23.3
22 .2
24.3
18.9
21.1
17.5
18 .2
2006
26.8
28 . 6
24.5
27.6
24.7
22 .3
24.4
18 .3
20.8
18 .5
19.0
2007
29.3
30.9
24.1
27.4
23.0
22 .3
24.3
20.7
22.4
18 . 6
19.3
2008
26.7
29.3
25.1
27.5
24.4
22 .2
24 . 6
21.6
23.7
19.4
19.4
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
N-3
September 2008
-------
Table N-4
YEAR
Small
Cars
LAB 55/45 Fuel Economy Values by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Size for Toyota
Midsize Large
Cars
Cars
Small Midsize Large Small
Wagons Wagons Wagons Vans
Midsize Large Small
Vans Vans SUVs
Midsize Large
SUVs
SUVs
Small Midsize Large
Pickups Pickups Pickups
1975
21.2
22.8
20.5
12.0
21.3
1976
25.0
24 . 6
10.9
9.5
22.1
1977
28.8
27.8
13.7
12 .7
27.2
1978
27.0
25 .5
13.0
11.5
24 . 6
1979
23.9
24.9
13.8
13.3
19.5
1980
27.4
27.4
13.8
21.5
1981
31.1
29.1
14 .3
26.5
1982
30.5
29.3
14 .2
25 . 6
1983
31.7
34.8
14.1
25 .5
1984
32.8
33.9
27.0
17.3
25.1
1985
32.1
35 .5
24.5
26.6
21.1
27.0
27.9
1986
32 .3
33.7
23.8
26.3
23.3
26.4
29.0
1987
33.0
32.8
23.6
25 .5
22 .7
26.6
29.0
1988
32 .7
31.5
25.8
20.3
25.1
24.5
1989
31.9
30.6
25.9
19.7
23.5
24.5
1990
31.0
23.4
29.9
19.5
23.1
23.9
1991
31.2
23.2
30.8
22.9
19. 6
14.9
23.8
23.5
1992
31.2
26.0
31.8
25 .2
22 .3
17.7
14 .5
23.7
23.5
1993
31.7
26.1
34 .2
25 .7
21.9
17.8
15 . 6
26.1
19.5
1994
32 .2
26.1
33.8
25 . 6
22.0
17.8
15 .5
24.5
20.5
1995
33.4
27.1
28.3
35 .2
27.2
22 . 6
18 .7
16.7
23.8
21.6
1996
33.4
26.9
28.1
35 .3
26.9
22.4
29.3
21.7
16.7
24.3
21.5
1997
31.7
28.4
28 . 6
22 .3
25 .5
21.2
16.7
20.4
1998
33.9
28 . 6
27.8
24.2
28.9
21.5
17.3
24.0
20.7
1999
32.8
29.0
28.1
24.1
29.0
22.4
17.1
23.2
2000
33.4
28.8
28.1
24.1
29.2
21.9
17.1
26.6
20.0
2001
34 .5
29.3
26.7
24.7
29.2
22 .2
20.1
26.7
20.4
2002
34 .2
29.2
28.4
24.7
29.5
22.8
17.8
22 .7
18.8
2003
36.8
29.7
27.4
35 .2
24.7
29.5
22 .5
17.9
22 . 6
19.2
2004
35.4
31.5
26.6
36.1
25.4
29.5
23.2
17.8
22 .5
18.4
2005
36.3
34 .3
27.0
37.0
24.7
29.5
23.4
18 . 6
27.0
21.3
2006
35 .2
34.8
28.8
36.5
24.8
26.0
18 .5
24 . 6
20.5
2007
36.7
34 .2
29.8
36.5
26.1
25 .3
18.8
23.9
19.9
2008
36.3
35.9
29.4
33.5
26.0
25.4
19.1
24.2
19.3
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
N-4
September 2008
-------
Table N-5
LAB 55/45 Fuel Economy Values by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Size for Honda
YEAR Small Midsize Large
Cars Cars Cars
Small Midsize Large Small
Wagons Wagons Wagons Vans
Midsize Large Small
Vans Vans SUVs
Midsize Large
SUVs SUVs
Small Midsize Large
Pickups Pickups Pickups
1975
31.4
1976
32.9
29.4
1977
36.2
31.9
1978
34.0
31.5
1979
29.0
29.9
1980
28.9
32 .5
1981
30.6
33.7
1982
33.2
36.7
1983
35 .2
36.7
1984
35.1
36.1
1985
33.7
34.8
1986
33.5
34 . 6
1987
32.8
34 .2
1988
31.8
34 .2
1989
31.2
34 .7
1990
30.3
35 .2
1991
30.4
28.7
1992
31.0
27.1
1993
32 .2
27.6
1994
32.1
29.0
20.2
1995
32.9
29.0
25 .5
1996
32.1
24.5
28.5
28.5
19.4
1997
32.4
24.5
27.2
24.9
24.7
1998
35.1
29.1
27.0
25.4
1999
34 .7
28.5
24.1
25 .7
2000
35.4
28.4
23.9
26.0
2001
36.6
28.8
24.0
25 .3
2002
37.5
28 . 6
24.2
26.3
2003
38.0
29.8
24.2
25.0
2004
37.1
30.0
24.2
24.7
2005
37.5
30.1
26.0
24.5
2006
38 .2
30.0
26.1
24.9
2007
38 .5
30.4
39.8
24.7
25 .7
2008
37.4
26.5
31.3
39.9
25 .3
25 .7
21.4
21.4
21.4
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
N-5
September 2008
-------
Table N-6
LAB 55/45 Fuel Economy Values by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Size for Nissan
YEAR Small Midsize Large
Cars Cars Cars
Small Midsize Large Small
Wagons Wagons Wagons Vans
Midsize Large Small
Vans Vans SUVs
Midsize Large
SUVs SUVs
Small Midsize Large
Pickups Pickups Pickups
1975
25 .2
20.9
23.6
1976
26.8
27.4
24.5
1977
27.2
27.1
25.0
1978
27.0
25 .5
25 . 6
1979
26.6
27.9
23.2
1980
31.1
32 .2
25.1
1981
30.4
31.4
27.7
1982
30.5
32.0
27.8
1983
32 .5
34 . 6
27.4
1984
31.6
35.1
26.2
1985
29.4
30.0
25 .7
1986
30.2
31.7
27.0
24.7
1987
29.4
28.4
26.4
22.4
18 .7
25.1
1988
30.7
29.7
26.5
22 .3
18 .5
24.7
1989
31.8
25 .3
32 .3
22 .2
19.0
24.8
1990
29.8
24.9
33.5
25.4
19.5
27.1
1991
31.0
24 . 6
26.0
19.5
26.9
1992
32.1
24.8
25 . 6
19. 6
26.7
1993
30.3
25.1
21.8
19.4
26.4
1994
31.2
24.4
22 .7
18 . 6
25 . 6
1995
30.4
27.0
23.0
19.1
24.9
1996
32 .5
27.3
22.9
19.8
25 .2
1997
31.1
27.0
22 . 6
19. 6
24.9
1998
31.9
27.3
22 .7
19.5
25 .5
1999
31.0
27.0
23.1
19.5
23.3
2000
29.5
26.6
22.8
19.7 19.4
26.0
19.5
2001
30.0
25 .7
22 . 6
19.8
26.3
20.0
2002
33.5
27.5
22 . 6
19.9
26.1
20.0
2003
27.8
27.9
20.6
23.7
26.2
20.9
2004
28.8
27.5
24 . 6
22 . 6
18 .5
23.2
2005
29.5
29.3
24.7
21.0
21.4
19.4
2006
30.0
29.3
23.4
24.9
20.9
21.5
19.8
2007
25 .3
32 .7
23.5
24.5
21.4
22 . 6
20.1
2008
28.7
33.2
23.1
24.5
27.0
19. 6
18 . 6
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
N-6
September 2008
-------
Table N-7
YEAR Small
Cars
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986 34.9
1987 34.5
1988 34.3
1989 34.8
1990 35.7
1991 34.9
1992 32.5
1993 32.4
1994 32.9
1995 32.5
1996 32.4
1997 31.9
1998 31.5
1999 31.3
2000 30.6
2001 32.2
2002 32.1
2003 31.3
2004 31.9
2005 32.4
2006 33.7
2007 35.5
2008 34.8
LAB 55/45 Fuel Economy Values by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Size for HK
Midsize Large Small Midsize Large Small Midsize Large Small Midsize Large Small Midsize Large
Cars Cars Wagons Wagons Wagons Vans Vans Vans SUVs SUVs SUVs Pickups Pickups Pickups
26.5
26.0
25 .5
24.9
25 .2
24.9
25.8
24.3
27.0
30.2
23.4
25.8
30.4
23.7
25.8
29.5
24.4
26.7
28.9
24.4
26.8
28.9
23.3
23.6
26.3
22.9
24.2
26.4
20.0
23.1
24.2
26.8
20.0
22 . 6
27.5
22 . 6
21.1
22.9
29.8
23.1
21.3
23.4
32.1
28.2
23.8
23.6
35.0
29.1
27.4
23.8
25 .3
33.9
28.5
27.7
23.8
25.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
N-7
September 2008
-------
Table N-8
LAB 55/45 Fuel Economy Values by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Size for VW
YEAR Small Midsize Large
Cars Cars Cars
Small Midsize Large Small
Wagons Wagons Wagons Vans
Midsize Large Small
Vans Vans SUVs
Midsize Large
SUVs SUVs
Small Midsize Large
Pickups Pickups Pickups
1975
26.4
27.2
20.7
1976
27.5
27.9
19.9
1977
28.8
28.7
22 .2
1978
27.2
25 .7
20.0
1979
28 . 6
25.0
18 .7
1980
30.8
40.1
19.0
1981
34.1
40.6
18 .5
1982
32.9
29.8
21.7
1983
30.0
30.6
19.3
1984
30.5
22.9
26.2
22.4
20.7
1985
31.7
22 . 6
28.7
22 .7
21.3
1986
30.7
23.0
22 .7
22.9
19.2
1987
29.1
23.5
27.5
23.3
18.9
1988
29.9
23.8
31.4
23.4
19.9
1989
30.2
23.5
31.7
23.3
20.8
1990
29.6
24.4
31.7
26.8
20.8
1991
30.3
25 .3
26.9
20.9
1992
30.2
25 .5
22.8
27.6
1993
27.8
24.3
22.9
24.0
1994
27.9
23.5
23.9
1995
28.8
24.5
23.4
24.0
1996
27.8
28.2
24.1
30.8
1997
28.4
26.6
24.2
25.1
1998
29.1
26.3
24.5
29.2
1999
28 . 6
26.4
26.2
26.5
2000
29.2
25 .5
22.8
25.8
25.0
2001
28.9
25 .5
23.2
27.0
23.3
2002
29.3
26.9
22 . 6
29.8
26.4
2003
29.8
27.2
23.1
33.6
26.0
2004
28.9
27.4
22 .5
31.7
25.9
2005
28.7
27.3
22 .7
33.1
27.2
2006
30.7
27.1
23.0
30.7
24.8
2007
28.7
26.8
23.7
30.0
29.2
2008
28.5
26.9
23.7
29.9
28.5
21.0
20.1
19.5
19.7
20.7
21.0
20.0
19. 6
18 .5
18 .5
18 .5
20.0
20.9
31.3
36.9
39.2
32.8
18.0
18 .7
19.1
19.1
19. 6
19.8
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
N-8
September 2008
-------
Table N-9
YEAR Small
Cars
1975 17.2
1976 18.4
1977 19.8
1978 19.2
1979 19.5
1980 25.0
1981 26.2
1982 26.2
1983 25.5
1984 27.3
1985 25.7
1986 25.2
1987 24.1
1988 23.1
1989 22.6
1990 22.7
1991 23.5
1992 24.1
1993 26.0
1994 25.5
1995 25.7
1996 27.8
1997 26.0
1998 25.7
1999 25.5
2000 24.9
2001 25.2
2002 26.3
2003 26.9
2004 26.8
2005 27.7
2006 28.0
2007 28.3
2008 28.3
LAB 55/45 Fuel Economy Values by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Size for BMW
Midsize Large Small Midsize Large Small Midsize Large Small Midsize Large Small Midsize Large
Cars Cars Wagons Wagons Wagons Vans Vans Vans SUVs SUVs SUVs Pickups Pickups Pickups
11.1
11.1
11.1
11.0
11.1
10.1
11.1
10.1
11.4
10.4
17.9
11.8
17.6
18 . 6
CO
Ch
19.3
23.2
20.3
13.6
24.3
21.0
13.6
23.5
21.9
13.6
24.4
15.8
22.0
21.9
22 .5
22.4
22 .3
17.5
19.2
20.1
20.0
21.2
20.8
23.5
23.0
20.5
22 .3
23.6
21.7
22.4
24.5
20.6
22.4
24.9
23.6
25 .5
23.5
25 . 6
25 .3
23.5
25.8
21.5
25.0
23.3
25 .7
21.3
25.4
23.0
26.4
26.5
21.7
25.0
23.1
27.2
26.3
25 .3
23.1
26.6
24 . 6
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
N-9
September 2008
-------
Table N-10
YEAR
Small
Cars
LAB 55/45 Fuel Economy Values by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Size for All
Midsize Large
Cars
Cars
Small Midsize Large Small
Wagons Wagons Wagons Vans
Midsize Large
Vans
Vans
Small
SUVs
Midsize Large
SUVs
SUVs
Small Midsize Large
Pickups Pickups Pickups
1975
18 .3
13.6
13.1
22.4
13.2
11.9
20.6
13.3
12 . 6
16.1
12.1
12 .2
22 .5
21.1
13.1
1976
19.9
15 .7
14 .2
23.9
16.0
13.5
19.9
14.1
13.4
15.9
13.3
12 .7
23.8
22.9
13.9
1977
20.7
16.4
15.9
25 .5
16.3
15 .5
22 .2
14 .3
15 .5
17.0
14 . 6
13.6
25 .5
29.6
14.9
1978
23.2
18 . 6
16.8
24.3
18 . 6
15.9
20.0
13.8
15.0
16.9
13.8
13.2
25 . 6
29.3
14 .7
1979
23.3
19.1
17.4
25 .7
19.1
16.1
18 .7
14 .3
12.1
16.7
11.9
11.1
22.8
25.9
14 .3
1980
26.1
21.6
19.1
28 . 6
21.1
19.1
19.0
16.9
16.0
18.8
14 .3
14 .3
24.3
25.9
17.2
1981
28.5
22.9
20.4
30.0
23.1
19.9
18 .5
17.9
16.8
20.4
15 . 6
15 .3
28.2
26.4
18 . 6
1982
29.1
24.0
20.7
30.6
23.7
19.2
21.7
17.9
16.1
20.5
16.4
18.9
27.3
26.7
18 . 6
1983
29.4
23.9
20.2
32 .2
24.4
19. 6
19.7
18 .7
16.2
21.4
18.8
17.6
26.9
26.5
18.1
1984
29.4
24.1
20.5
31.9
25.0
19.9
25 . 6
19.2
16.4
21.6
18.9
16.9
26.1
25 .7
17.8
1985
29.8
24.9
22 .3
32 .5
25 .2
20.9
25 .5
19.8
16.1
22.1
19.7
16.9
26.7
25 .7
17.7
1986
30.0
25.9
23.9
31.0
26.0
22.0
25 .7
20.8
17.6
23.7
19.7
16.8
25.9
26.1
18 .2
1987
30.1
26.0
23.9
30.7
25 . 6
22.1
24.3
21.2
17.0
24.2
19.8
17.0
26.0
25.4
17.7
1988
30.5
26.7
24.2
31.3
26.2
22.8
24.5
21.8
16.9
24.2
19.5
16.6
25.0
25 .3
18.0
1989
30.2
26.6
24.0
31.5
25 . 6
22 .5
25.0
21.8
16.8
22.8
19.5
16.7
23.9
24.8
18.1
1990
29.8
26.2
23.7
29.6
25 .3
22 .7
23.9
21.8
16.5
23.4
19.1
16.7
24.8
24.7
18.0
1991
30.0
26.0
23.6
30.6
25.9
22.9
24.0
21.9
16.7
23.6
20.2
16.2
25.0
24 . 6
18 .2
1992
30.0
25.8
23.8
30.2
26.2
22 .7
27.0
21.8
16.9
23.4
19.9
15 .7
24 . 6
23.8
18 .3
1993
30.5
26.1
24.2
32 .5
26.2
22 .5
28.2
22 .3
17.0
23.2
20.0
16.3
26.3
23.7
18 .7
1994
30.4
25.9
24.1
32.9
26.0
22.9
27.0
22.0
17.0
24.1
19.8
16.4
24.9
24.0
18.4
1995
30.7
26.1
24.4
33.3
26.6
22.8
26.5
22 .2
17.1
24.2
19. 6
16.6
24.4
24.7
18.0
1996
30.8
26.5
24.3
31.6
26.3
23.2
26.2
22.8
17.1
28.5
20.0
17.3
24 . 6
24.8
18 .2
1997
30.9
26.5
24.5
32 .2
26.3
22 . 6
18 . 6
22.8
20.5
17.5
24.9
24.2
18.9
1998
30.9
27.1
24 . 6
32.1
26.2
23.3
18 .3
23.8
20.8
17.4
24.5
23.9
18 . 6
1999
30.3
27.1
24.8
31.5
26.3
23.0
17.9
24.1
21.0
17.2
23.2
22 .5
18 .5
2000
30.3
27.0
25 . 6
29.2
27.3
23.5
18.0
22 .5
21.0
17.6
26.3
22.8
19.3
2001
30.7
27.2
25.4
27.3
26.6
24.0
17.7
24.9
21.7
18 .5
26.5
21.8
18.9
2002
30.7
27.7
26.0
26.1
27.4
23.7
17.9
24.7
21.8
19.1
23.2
21.1
18 .7
2003
30.6
28.3
26.0
30.2
27.2
24.1
18 .7
25 .2
22.4
18.8
23.2
22.8
18.9
2004
30.5
28.7
26.0
31.4
26.4
22.0
24.1
19.4
24.7
22 .5
18.9
22 . 6
21.8
19.0
2005
31.1
29.8
26.4
32.4
26.0
22 .2
24.2
19.4
24.3
23.0
19.9
25.8
23.6
19.4
2006
31.1
29.6
26.0
31.4
26.4
21.9
24.7
19.4
21.5
23.6
20.4
26.9
24.1
19. 6
2007
31.7
31.2
26.1
31.6
26.6
21.6
24.5
19.8
22.4
24.7
20.9
23.4
19.8
2008
31.6
31.5
26.8
32.1
26.8
22.0
24.7
20.0
22.9
25 .2
21.2
24.0
19.8
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
N-10
September 2008
-------
Table N-ll
LAB 55/45 Ton-MPG by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Size for GM
YEAR Small Midsize Large
Cars Cars Cars
Small Midsize Large Small
Wagons Wagons Wagons Vans
Midsize Large Small
Vans Vans SUVs
Midsize Large
SUVs SUVs
Small Midsize Large
Pickups Pickups Pickups
1975
33.1
34.8
34.8
33.9
33.8
33.5
30.9
29.0
28.9
30.6
29.6
1976
35.4
37.8
37.0
35.0
36.6
37.6
30.6
32 .3
31.2
34 .5
30.9
1977
36.9
38.9
36.1
38.4
37.7
38 .3
32.4
34.9
33.7
34 .7
32 .3
1978
35 .7
35 .7
37.2
38.1
36.6
37.1
31.1
33.3
32.8
37.4
31.5
1979
35.8
35 .7
37.2
39.0
36.9
36.1
33.9
29.3
29.2
36.1
34.9
1980
35 .3
36.9
40.4
39.1
44.7
36.4
36.9
36.8
37.8
39.1
1981
37.1
39.8
44.1
41.0
47.0
39.5
41.7
39.3
42.9
40.1
1982
39.0
41.6
43.1
39.1
41.0
43.4
39.8
38 .5
50.4
52 .7
50.5
38.8
43.9
1983
40.1
40.4
41.3
40.9
40.5
44.0
43.4
39.4
45.0
48.7
50.5
41.0
42 .5
1984
41.1
40.3
41.9
42.4
40.9
44.9
41.3
37.5
43.6
45 .3
47.5
39.5
41.7
1985
42.0
42.1
43.4
42 .3
42 . 6
47.3
40.5
38 . 6
43.0
44.9
45 .2
40.0
40.4
1986
42 .5
42 .2
44.7
42.0
44.1
49.6
41.4
39.8
40.7
44.5
42 . 6
39. 6
41.0
1987
43.1
43.2
44.2
43.7
45.4
50.2
41.9
46.2
40.8
46.9
40.0
40.4
1988
43.7
44.7
45 . 6
43.9
47.4
51.5
42 .7
46.9
42.0
46.0
41.9
40.8
1989
43.5
43.5
44 . 6
43.7
46.5
50.4
42.9
46.2
38.8
42 .5
47.9
41.4
40.7
1990
43.8
44.9
44.7
45.4
46.5
51.2
44.3
47.2
39.0
41.2
47.8
40.9
41.0
1991
43.6
43.4
46.1
45.1
45 .7
51.3
44.9
47.2
39.1
42 .2
47.5
41.0
41.5
1992
43.1
44.9
45.0
44.2
45 . 6
51.1
45.1
45.0
38 .7
40.7
44.7
40.2
42 .3
1993
43.4
45 .5
46.1
43.9
46.1
50.7
45 .3
45 .7
38 . 6
43.8
46.7
39.9
43.3
1994
44.4
45 .3
46.5
44.4
45.9
51.6
45 .5
46.0
38 .3
45.1
47.0
44.1
42.4
1995
45 .2
45 .5
46.9
46.0
45 .7
51.3
44.9
44.7
38 .3
45 .2
46.5
46.1
42 .2
1996
45.9
46.5
48.1
46.1
46.8
52 .2
47.8
45.9
40.0
46.3
48.4
48.1
45.1
1997
45.9
47.0
46.9
46.1
47.7
47.7
40.3
46.1
49.2
47.0
47.2
1998
45.8
46.9
46.5
46.7
47.9
45.8
42 .3
46.7
47.3
47.5
44.8
1999
46.6
46.5
47.6
47.2
52.8
48.2
45 .5
43.9
45.1
47.3
45.9
47.4
2000
47.0
46.7
49.4
46.5
48.5
48 . 6
45 .3
45 .5
45.9
50.1
44.1
46.6
2001
47.5
48.2
50.4
46.4
51.7
50.1
45 .7
42 . 6
45 . 6
50.8
43.1
47.8
2002
47.3
48 . 6
50.8
44.3
50.6
49.2
45.9
45 .7
45 .5
50.7
43.8
48.1
2003
48.5
49.5
50.9
52.4
51.3
50.2
52 .7
43.0
47.8
51.0
44.9
48.1
2004
48.5
49.7
50.9
53.0
52 .3
49.7
53.0
41.5
49.3
51.6
46.7
49.8
2005
48.3
50.7
52.0
52 . 6
52 .5
51.4
52.0
50.7
51.9
46.3
50.3
2006
48.8
51.2
53.2
53.2
49.9
54.8
51.8
51.7
50.9
45 .7
50.9
2007
49.5
52.0
53.7
53.1
53.1
54.2
51.8
52 .5
56.0
42 .5
53.6
2008
50.0
53.6
52 .5
55 .7
52.4
53.9
53.8
53.7
55 . 6
47.7
55 .3
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
N-ll
September 2008
-------
Table N-12
LAB 55/45 Ton-MPG by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Size for Ford
YEAR Small Midsize Large
Cars Cars Cars
Small Midsize Large Small
Wagons Wagons Wagons Vans
Midsize Large Small
Vans Vans SUVs
Midsize Large
SUVs SUVs
Small Midsize Large
Pickups Pickups Pickups
1975
29.8
28.8
30.0
31.8
29.1
30.3
26.4
26.5
25.8
31.6
26.3
1976
34 .7
35 .3
36.5
36.6
37.1
37.4
28.0
34 .5
28.0
34.9
29.8
1977
36.1
36.3
35 .5
35.9
36.4
35 .3
38 .5
32 .2
36.3
29.1
44.7
33.6
1978
36.1
35 .5
37.8
35 . 6
34 .2
38.1
31.2
33.1
44.4
33.7
1979
33.5
35.0
35 .7
36.7
34.1
36.2
28 . 6
27.5
40.3
30.6
1980
34.4
35 .5
38.8
37.7
35 .5
39.3
37.9
33.2
39.9
36.6
1981
37.0
34.1
37.6
37.9
36.2
37.8
38 .3
35.8
40.3
38.0
1982
38 .2
35 .2
39.5
39.2
38.9
39.7
37.1
34.9
43.6
36.7
1983
38.1
37.5
39. 6
38 .5
42.4
39. 6
37.1
36.2
39.4
36.4
1984
40.5
41.5
39.8
41.7
43.3
39.8
36.8
37.1
36.3
40.4
36.6
1985
41.5
41.4
41.5
42 .2
43.4
41.4
36.4
38 .2
37.0
39.2
37.6
1986
42.0
44.0
43.9
42 .2
44 . 6
43.9
42.8
40.8
38.8
40.5
41.0
38.8
1987
42 .2
43.2
43.7
43.5
43.9
43.7
43.6
39.8
39.9
40.2
40.7
38.8
1988
42 . 6
44.8
45 .3
43.5
43.7
45 .3
43.5
41.4
39.0
40.5
40.8
39.9
1989
42.0
46.7
45 .7
42.8
43.4
45 .5
43.9
40.8
42 .7
40.4
41.8
40.7
1990
42 .2
47.3
45 . 6
44.7
43.5
45.0
42 .3
40.6
42 .7
40.0
42 .2
41.4
1991
42 .7
47.0
46.4
47.1
45 . 6
46.9
42 .7
41.3
43.9
43.1
41.2
1992
42.9
47.0
48.3
48.3
46.2
43.5
43.7
43.7
44.8
41.9
1993
43.8
46.9
48.0
47.8
46.3
44.8
43.7
44.1
44.5
42.9
1994
44.7
46.7
47.2
49.3
45.8
44.3
43.9
33.6
43.8
44.7
43.3
1995
46.7
46.7
46.4
47.9
45.9
45 .5
44.3
34 .3
44.3
46.8
43.0
1996
45.8
45.8
46.3
46.8
49.3
45 . 6
43.3
44.3
45.8
41.8
1997
46.3
45 .5
46.3
47.4
49.2
44.4
47.7
33.5
43.9
45.0
46.9
45 .2
1998
46.3
45.4
45.9
46.7
48.4
46.5
48.3
43.2
46.0
44.1
45.0
1999
46.3
46.1
46.5
47.4
49.1
48.7
46.2
43.3
47.0
42.1
44.8
2000
47.0
45 .7
46.7
49.0
49.4
49.1
46.9
43.3
47.4
42 .5
45 .5
2001
47.7
45 .7
45 .7
52 . 6
48.7
45 . 6
48.3
45 .5
44.4
41.8
46.5
2002
47.2
46.0
47.2
50.2
49.9
50.1
48.1
43.1
44.8
42.4
46.6
2003
47.2
48.3
49.0
50.4
49.3
51.3
47.8
44.2
49.8
43.9
47.0
2004
46.5
48.5
49.1
50.5
49.6
49.3
49.3
44.7
50.1
43.4
51.2
2005
47.8
49.4
51.2
49.9
49.8
52 .5
48.8
46.6
51.7
43.7
51.6
2006
48.2
51.4
50.0
50.8
49.8
52.0
48.5
48.9
53.4
44.4
51.9
2007
49.5
51.4
50.3
51.9
49.7
52.8
50.0
51.8
44.5
52 .2
2008
49.5
51.3
51.4
52 .5
51.0
54.2
51.9
51.9
44.3
52.8
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
N-12
September 2008
-------
Table N-13
LAB 55/45 Ton-MPG by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Size for Chrysler
YEAR Small Midsize Large
Cars Cars Cars
Small Midsize Large Small
Wagons Wagons Wagons Vans
Midsize Large Small
Vans Vans SUVs
Midsize Large
SUVs SUVs
Small Midsize Large
Pickups Pickups Pickups
1975
33.8
29.0
34 . 6
32 .3
35.0
33.9
27.4
23.2
28.5
28.5
1976
34 .7
32 .2
33.5
33.7
36.5
32 .5
30.8
24.2
29.2
30.7
1977
35 .7
33.1
33.2
33.3
35 .2
33.1
30.5
25 . 6
31.1
31.5
1978
36.2
35.1
32 .7
34 .2
36.4
30.5
29.7
25.0
30.5
30.9
1979
35.4
36.2
36.7
34.1
36.1
31.0
26.7
29.6
32.9
33.0
30.7
1980
34.9
35 .2
34.4
35.9
36.7
34.9
32 .5
29.6
30.1
34.0
34.0
34.4
1981
37.6
36.9
35.8
37.5
36.8
35 . 6
34.9
31.6
33.8
31.6
35.4
36.0
1982
40.9
39.2
40.5
39.8
36.0
33.8
30.2
35 .7
35.4
37.8
37.5
1983
42 .2
39. 6
41.8
39.9
37.4
34.8
30.3
34 . 6
39.4
41.0
37.9
1984
40.6
39.5
39.5
40.9
38 .3
33.5
32 .5
34.1
36.4
39.8
34 .7
1985
40.9
40.6
40.0
40.6
40.2
38.9
33.4
38 .7
35.1
38 .5
39.9
34 .5
1986
42.0
41.1
39.0
42.0
40.2
40.9
35 .2
37.0
36.5
39.2
36.4
1987
39.7
40.6
39.5
41.5
41.1
41.9
35.9
36.9
37.2
40.3
35 .3
1988
42 .5
42 .3
36.0
43.4
42.9
42 . 6
44.1
35 .5
35.8
35 .3
39.2
36.3
1989
44.2
42.8
36.3
43.9
40.3
40.4
43.9
34 . 6
35.1
35 .3
38.0
35 .3
1990
44.0
43.7
44.9
44.0
40.1
44.9
39.3
34 .5
35.8
40.7
35.9
1991
44.1
43.6
43.8
40.0
45 .7
39.2
37.0
34.0
39.4
36.1
1992
44.5
43.1
44.3
41.9
45 . 6
39.3
34 .3
34 . 6
39.3
37.7
1993
44 . 6
44.0
44 . 6
42.0
42 .2
45.4
39.5
34 .5
37.0
39.2
38.0
1994
44.0
41.6
45 .2
42 .7
44.8
40.9
33.9
36.3
41.6
40.4
1995
44.5
45.4
46.1
42.1
44.5
40.1
33.8
36.0
42.0
39.5
1996
43.8
46.8
46.5
41.9
47.6
41.1
36.8
40.3
41.0
1997
44.0
47.1
46.5
47.3
41.5
38 . 6
37.3
40.9
42.8
1998
44.4
47.9
45.9
48.4
44.7
35 .7
39.3
41.4
42.1
43.7
1999
43.7
48 . 6
49.0
48.1
45 .5
38 .2
41.4
40.7
40.4
43.6
2000
45.4
46.4
48 . 6
49.5
41.7
38.9
40.1
41.8
42.1
43.2
2001
47.2
50.1
47.8
47.3
52 .3
52.8
43.0
39.0
40.4
41.9
41.3
42.8
2002
47.4
48.1
47.6
44.5
53.2
39. 6
38.4
43.1
45.1
41.9
45 . 6
2003
48.5
50.4
50.0
44.9
53.2
42 . 6
39.4
44.8
46.6
41.7
46.8
2004
48 . 6
50.1
49.5
48.3
52.4
53.6
41.0
43.3
45 .7
45.1
46.4
2005
47.1
50.8
52 .2
48.4
49.1
53.1
52.0
36.2
46.5
46.7
46.4
2006
47.3
50.1
51.1
48.3
51.5
51.7
53.1
36.4
47.2
49.4
49.5
2007
51.4
56.1
50.6
47.9
49.9
51.8
52.8
44.0
48.2
48.1
48 . 6
2008
52.1
53.0
51.9
48.2
52 .3
51.6
56.0
45 .7
50.4
52 .3
51.7
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
N-13
September 2008
-------
Table N-14
LAB 55/45 Ton-MPG by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Size for Toyota
YEAR Small Midsize Large
Cars Cars Cars
Small Midsize Large Small
Wagons Wagons Wagons Vans
Midsize Large Small
Vans Vans SUVs
Midsize Large
SUVs SUVs
Small Midsize Large
Pickups Pickups Pickups
1975
29.2
30.8
35.9
24.0
29.3
1976
34.4
33.4
22 .3
21.3
31.1
1977
38 .3
37.2
28.2
29.3
37.8
1978
35.9
34.9
26.4
26.5
35 .3
1979
32 .7
32.9
27.6
29.9
27.5
1980
36.2
35.9
27.6
30.9
1981
40.0
37.7
30.3
38 .7
1982
39.5
37.5
30.9
39.0
1983
43.6
43.5
31.6
38.8
1984
44.7
43.8
45.9
35.1
38 .3
1985
44.8
44.3
42.9
43.6
41.2
42 .2
41.8
1986
44.8
42 .3
41.7
45 .2
47.8
41.6
43.5
1987
46.7
47.4
41.3
41.8
43.4
41.6
43.5
1988
45 .5
46.1
45.4
41.4
40.1
36.8
1989
45 .2
45.1
45.9
41.1
39.9
42.9
1990
45.0
46.8
45.0
41.8
39. 6
41.8
1991
44 . 6
46.5
45.4
45 .7
42.9
37.2
40.8
41.1
1992
43.7
46.0
44.7
44.3
44 . 6
39.1
36.3
40.3
41.1
1993
44.5
46.6
47.1
45 .3
43.8
39.2
38.9
42 .3
37.4
1994
44.8
46.5
46.6
47.8
44.3
39.1
38.9
41.6
37.8
1995
46.8
48.2
49.6
48.4
50.8
46.3
40.7
41.8
40.8
42.9
1996
46.5
47.5
49.1
48 . 6
50.0
45 .5
43.7
41.9
41.8
40.8
42.9
1997
45 .5
50.3
50.0
46.0
41.4
42.0
41.8
41.7
1998
49.2
51.2
48.7
48.4
47.2
42 .3
49.2
40.6
42 .7
1999
48.9
51.6
49.1
48.2
47.4
45 .7
51.3
41.2
2000
48.8
51.2
49.2
48.2
47.5
46.1
51.3
40.1
42.9
2001
51.6
52 .2
48 . 6
49.5
47.7
46.0
48.5
42 . 6
42.9
2002
52.9
52.0
49.7
49.5
47.5
46.8
49.8
43.0
43.7
2003
52 .7
52.4
49.6
52.9
49.5
47.7
47.6
50.1
43.1
44.3
2004
52 .3
58.4
51.5
52.9
57.3
47.9
50.7
49.7
42.8
46.3
2005
52 .5
63.9
56.6
53.3
55 . 6
47.9
51.5
52.1
47.3
48.4
2006
53.1
65.8
58.7
51.9
55.8
57.0
52 .2
48.0
48.9
2007
53.4
65.8
59.6
54.7
58.9
54.5
52.4
48.8
54.5
2008
53.3
69.2
58.8
54.9
58 . 6
56.3
59.4
48.4
55.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
N-14
September 2008
-------
Table N-15
LAB 55/45 Ton-MPG by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Size for Honda
YEAR Small Midsize Large
Cars Cars Cars
Small Midsize Large Small
Wagons Wagons Wagons Vans
Midsize Large Small
Vans Vans SUVs
Midsize Large
SUVs SUVs
Small Midsize Large
Pickups Pickups Pickups
1975
31.5
1976
33.2
33.1
1977
38 .2
36.1
1978
36.3
35 . 6
1979
33.6
33.7
1980
34.0
36.9
1981
36.2
38.0
1982
39.5
41.6
1983
42.4
41.5
1984
42 .3
40.7
1985
41.4
40.5
1986
43.4
41.1
1987
43.5
41.0
1988
44.4
44 . 6
1989
44.1
44.2
1990
44.2
47.0
1991
44.4
46.6
1992
47.3
47.5
1993
48.3
48.3
1994
49.3
50.8
40.4
1995
49.4
50.9
44.7
1996
48.8
49.0
50.0
49.8
42.1
1997
48.8
49.0
47.8
43.6
45.8
1998
50.6
51.2
47.2
46.1
1999
49.6
50.3
54.2
46.5
2000
49.5
50.0
53.8
47.1
2001
53.2
50.6
54.0
48.1
2002
53.0
50.9
54.5
49.6
2003
56.5
53.0
54.5
50.2
2004
55.4
53.9
54.5
49.8
2005
55 .7
54.5
58 . 6
49.7
2006
59.6
54.4
58.7
50.3
2007
59.7
54 . 6
54.8
55 .5
53.0
2008
59.2
53.0
56.7
54.9
57.0
52.8
48.1
48.1
48.1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
N-15
September 2008
-------
Table N-16
LAB 55/45 Ton-MPG by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Size for Nissan
YEAR Small Midsize Large
Cars Cars Cars
Small Midsize Large Small
Wagons Wagons Wagons Vans
Midsize Large Small
Vans Vans SUVs
Midsize Large
SUVs SUVs
Small Midsize Large
Pickups Pickups Pickups
1975
33.4
31.5
32 .5
1976
34.8
37.0
33.8
1977
35.4
36.2
34.4
1978
34 . 6
34 . 6
35 .7
1979
33.7
34 .3
32.4
1980
38 .7
39.0
35.8
1981
38.9
39.5
40.9
1982
40.0
40.6
40.9
1983
41.6
42 .7
42.0
1984
42 .5
43.4
41.7
1985
40.8
39.9
40.3
1986
42 .2
41.2
41.7
39.9
1987
42.4
42 .7
39.8
39.1
37.4
39.9
1988
42.9
42.9
40.7
40.3
37.1
40.1
1989
42 . 6
44.2
44.7
41.4
37.9
40.2
1990
42 . 6
44.3
45.1
43.9
39.0
43.1
1991
45.4
44.2
44.0
39.0
43.1
1992
46.2
44.3
44.8
39.2
43.3
1993
45 . 6
44.3
43.5
41.8
43.2
1994
45.8
44.1
45.4
40.4
42 .7
1995
45 .5
47.6
46.0
40.0
42.0
1996
47.0
47.9
45.8
39.7
42 .2
1997
45.8
47.7
45 .2
43.1
41.7
1998
50.3
48.2
45.4
42.9
46.1
1999
50.4
47.7
46.1
42.4
44.3
2000
48.0
46.6
45 .7
42.0 42.0
45 .7
41.1
2001
47.8
45.1
45.1
42 .7
46.2
41.5
2002
50.6
48.5
45.1
42 .7
45.9
42 .2
2003
46.8
49.1
44.2
49.7
46.0
43.5
2004
48.5
52.0
55 .3
47.3
49.1
45.1
2005
50.3
52 .5
55 .5
47.4
51.0
47.5
2006
50.6
52 .7
46.8
56.1
47.1
51.8
47.6
2007
48.0
56.6
47.1
55.0
48.2
52.9
48.0
2008
53.3
56.7
46.9
55.1
54.8
52.9
50.7
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
N-16
September 2008
-------
Table N-17
YEAR Small
Cars
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986 43.7
1987 43.2
1988 43.0
1989 43.5
1990 44.7
1991 43.7
1992 43.1
1993 43.2
1994 43.9
1995 44.1
1996 43.4
1997 43.8
1998 43.4
1999 43.7
2000 43.7
2001 45.0
2002 46.3
2003 46.7
2004 47.0
2005 46.4
2006 50.4
2007 51.1
2008 51.0
LAB 55/45 Ton-MPG by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Size for HK
Midsize Large Small Midsize Large Small Midsize Large Small Midsize Large Small Midsize Large
Cars Cars Wagons Wagons Wagons Vans Vans Vans SUVs SUVs SUVs Pickups Pickups Pickups
39.8
40.7
40.8
43.8
44.3
43.8
41.5
42 .7
41.9
45 .3
41.0
40.6
45 . 6
41.6
39.9
44.3
42 .7
46.8
43.4
42 .7
46.9
43.4
40.9
41.3
47.5
40.1
46.4
47.2
50.0
40.5
47.3
47.5
50.0
47.4
48.0
45 .3
52.9
47.7
48.4
46.1
53.3
48.1
49.8
54.9
53.5
48 . 6
54.4
55.1
51.2
53.5
51.2
54.3
55 .2
51.9
53.5
52.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
N-17
September 2008
-------
Table N-18
LAB 55/45 Ton-MPG by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Size for VW
YEAR Small Midsize Large
Cars Cars Cars
Small Midsize Large Small
Wagons Wagons Wagons Vans
Midsize Large Small
Vans Vans SUVs
Midsize Large
SUVs SUVs
Small Midsize Large
Pickups Pickups Pickups
1975
31.1
34.1
36.2
1976
32 .2
34.9
34.9
1977
34 . 6
36.4
38.9
1978
34.0
32.4
35.0
1979
35.8
31.3
32.9
1980
38 . 6
50.5
34.4
1981
43.1
50.7
33.8
1982
42.9
41.8
42.1
1983
39.1
45 .2
35 .3
1984
39.5
34.9
40.9
39.3
37.5
1985
42.0
35.0
40.0
39.8
39.0
1986
40.6
35 . 6
34.1
40.2
36.2
1987
39.3
37.3
37.9
40.7
36.2
1988
40.4
37.5
39. 6
40.9
38 . 6
1989
41.0
41.1
39. 6
43.1
42 .2
1990
41.3
43.0
39. 6
47.4
41.9
1991
42.9
43.7
45 .5
42.1
1992
42 .5
43.6
45 .5
44 . 6
1993
41.2
42 .3
45.9
42.1
1994
43.2
46.9
41.8
1995
44.5
41.7
46.7
41.9
1996
43.4
51.5
48.3
59.9
1997
44.3
51.4
48.4
45.1
1998
45.8
48.8
47.2
51.3
1999
45.1
47.9
47.3
49.1
2000
46.6
47.7
51.2
46.8
45 .3
2001
47.0
46.6
52 .2
49.0
46.6
2002
49.6
48.9
51.8
55 .2
50.0
2003
50.3
50.4
52 .2
64 . 6
50.1
2004
50.0
50.7
53.4
60.4
51.1
2005
51.5
52 . 6
53.3
64 . 6
55.8
2006
56.2
51.3
52 .7
55.8
55 .7
2007
52 .3
51.4
53.4
56.0
59.2
2008
52.1
51.7
53.6
53.9
57.6
43.7
42.8
43.9
44.4
50.0
47.2
55.1
48.9
50.8
51.0
51.0
55.1
47.1
49.5
51.3
51.7
52.0
54.7
55 .3
37.6
43.6
46.2
42 . 6
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
N-18
September 2008
-------
Table N-19
YEAR Small
Cars
1975 28.4
1976 29.2
1977 30.5
1978 29.5
1979 30.8
1980 38.8
1981 39.1
1982 38.7
1983 38.6
1984 39.4
1985 41.0
1986 40.8
1987 39.1
1988 39.1
1989 37.9
1990 39.0
1991 40.7
1992 43.5
1993 45.8
1994 46.0
1995 46.6
1996 46.3
1997 44.7
1998 44.3
1999 45.8
2000 44.7
2001 45.6
2002 47.4
2003 47.0
2004 47.0
2005 47.4
2006 48.9
2007 50.8
2008 51.9
LAB 55/45 Ton-MPG by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Size for BMW
Midsize Large Small Midsize Large Small Midsize Large Small Midsize Large Small Midsize Large
Cars Cars Wagons Wagons Wagons Vans Vans Vans SUVs SUVs SUVs Pickups Pickups Pickups
27.6
27.6
27.6
27.6
27.6
30.4
27.6
30.4
28.7
31.3
36.8
35 .5
38.1
39.8
40.2
40.2
46.4
43.6
40.7
48.5
42 .5
44.2
47.0
49.5
44.2
48.8
43.3
49.6
50.3
50.7
50.8
50.3
43.6
46.1
50.4
50.2
53.0
52.1
53.6
54.4
48.1
50.6
47.4
49.3
50.7
46.1
47.4
50.8
47.9
53.2
49.3
53.0
49.1
45 . 6
53.1
48.4
48.3
45.8
52 .7
49.1
47.6
48.3
52.0
52.8
52.9
43.4
48.0
52.0
53.6
52 . 6
51.4
52.0
53.2
55.4
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
N-19
September 2008
-------
Table N-20
LAB 55/45 Ton-MPG by Marketing Group, Vehicle Type and Size for All
YEAR Small Midsize Large
Cars Cars Cars
Small Midsize Large Small
Wagons Wagons Wagons Vans
Midsize Large Small
Vans Vans SUVs
Midsize Large
SUVs SUVs
Small Midsize Large
Pickups Pickups Pickups
1975
31.9
31.9
33.9
32.1
32.1
32 .7
36.1
28.8
26.4
23.3
28 . 6
28.9
31.1
31.6
28.3
1976
34.8
36.1
36.6
35.0
36.7
36.9
34.9
30.7
28.0
24.0
31.5
31.2
33.1
34.9
30.5
1977
36.4
37.1
35 .7
36.2
36.1
36.9
38.9
31.4
32 .2
26.1
33.8
33.7
35.4
44.7
32 .7
1978
35 . 6
35 .5
37.2
34 . 6
35.8
37.3
35.0
30.5
31.2
25 .2
32 .3
32.8
35.9
44.4
32 .3
1979
34 . 6
35 . 6
36.8
35.0
36.1
36.1
32.9
32 . 6
28 . 6
26.7
28 . 6
29.3
32 .2
39.2
32 .7
1980
35.8
36.5
39.8
37.6
37.5
43.2
34.4
35.9
37.6
29.3
34.1
37.3
34 .5
38 . 6
37.6
1981
38 .2
38 .5
42 . 6
38 .2
38.1
44.7
33.8
38 .2
38 .2
31.4
36.8
39.3
40.5
39.0
38.8
1982
39. 6
40.2
42.1
39. 6
40.3
42 . 6
42.1
38 .3
37.0
30.0
40.1
52 .7
40.4
39.5
40.1
1983
40.8
39.9
40.9
41.5
41.0
43.0
35 .7
41.5
37.0
30.2
41.5
48.7
40.6
40.3
39.4
1984
41.4
40.2
41.3
42.1
41.4
43.6
42.8
39.7
36.6
35 . 6
39.5
45 .3
40.1
40.1
38 . 6
1985
41.8
41.5
42.9
42 .2
42.4
45 . 6
41.9
39.7
36.3
38.0
40.3
44.9
41.6
39.7
38.4
1986
42.4
42.1
44.5
41.3
43.6
48.3
42 . 6
41.5
40.8
38 .2
39.9
44.5
40.9
40.4
39.3
1987
42 .5
42 .3
44.1
43.2
44.0
48.2
40.3
42 .3
39.8
38 .3
39.7
46.9
40.9
40.4
39.0
1988
43.3
44.0
45 .2
43.3
44.5
49.7
41.9
43.5
41.3
37.9
39.5
46.0
40.1
40.8
40.2
1989
43.3
44.2
44.7
43.7
44.1
48.8
42 .5
43.6
40.7
39.4
39.7
47.9
40.0
40.9
40.3
1990
43.5
45 .3
45.0
44.9
44.4
49.2
42 . 6
44.2
40.7
39.1
39.1
47.8
41.2
41.4
40.8
1991
43.7
44.5
46.0
46.1
45 .5
50.4
40.7
44.8
41.4
38.1
41.7
45 .3
41.8
41.5
41.1
1992
44.2
45.4
46.1
46.5
46.0
51.1
43.5
45.0
43.6
36.7
40.9
43.8
41.2
41.9
42.0
1993
44 . 6
46.0
46.4
47.1
46.0
50.7
42.9
45.1
43.7
36.6
41.4
46.2
42 .7
42.0
42 . 6
1994
45.4
45 .7
46.4
48.1
46.0
51.6
44.0
45.0
43.8
37.1
41.6
46.2
42.0
43.9
42 .5
1995
46.2
46.3
46.8
47.8
46.5
51.3
42.1
45.0
44.3
36.3
41.6
46.3
41.5
45 .5
42 .2
1996
46.1
46.7
47.4
46.7
48.2
52 .2
44.8
47.0
44.1
41.4
42 .2
47.9
41.4
46.0
43.1
1997
46.2
47.2
46.9
46.8
48.1
46.8
47.6
39.8
43.4
46.9
41.7
45.8
45.4
1998
46.9
48.1
46.5
46.2
48.2
47.7
47.2
41.9
43.3
45 . 6
42 .5
45.1
44 . 6
1999
46.9
48.1
47.9
46.2
48 . 6
48.4
45.9
43.0
44.0
45 . 6
41.8
42.9
45.9
2000
47.0
48.0
48.3
45 .5
48.8
49.3
44.8
42 . 6
43.8
47.6
43.5
43.1
45.1
2001
48.2
48.7
48.1
47.4
50.5
51.3
47.3
43.9
44.7
47.9
44.5
42.1
45 .5
2002
48.5
49.3
49.0
46.1
51.1
51.5
45 .3
44.4
44.8
48.2
43.5
42 .7
46.7
2003
49.3
50.6
49.9
50.1
51.0
52.0
48.9
44 . 6
46.5
50.2
44.0
44.3
47.1
2004
49.3
52.0
50.1
51.2
51.2
52.4
53.5
51.6
44.8
47.2
50.6
42.9
44 . 6
49.3
2005
49.8
54.1
51.9
51.8
50.1
53.1
53.3
50.7
44.1
48.4
51.3
52.0
45.1
49.5
2006
51.4
54.0
52.4
51.3
50.6
52 . 6
54.7
50.1
42 .2
50.7
51.5
52.9
46.3
50.3
2007
51.8
57.7
52 .7
51.9
51.1
52.0
54.4
51.8
45 .7
51.7
54.1
46.4
52 .2
2008
52.4
58.5
53.7
53.3
51.7
53.4
56.2
53.8
46.8
52.9
54 . 6
46.9
53.5
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
N-20
September 2008
-------
TABLE N-21
Sales Fraction by Vehicle Type and Size for All
YEAR Small Midsize Large
Cars Cars Cars
Small Midsize Large Small
Wagons Wagons Wagons Vans
Midsize Large Small
Vans Vans SUVs
Midsize Large
SUVs SUVs
Small Midsize Large
Pickups Pickups Pickups
1975
.400
.160
.152
.047
.028
.019
.030
.015
.005
.012
.001
.016
.005
.110
1976
.409
.159
.136
.028
.039
.017
.025
.016
.005
.014
.001
.014
.004
.133
1977
.388
.158
.164
.027
.039
.024
.022
.014
.005
.014
.001
.017
.005
.122
1978
.320
.231
.142
.025
.035
.020
.028
.015
.006
.019
.001
.018
.005
.133
1979
.317
.231
.152
.022
.035
.020
.001
.023
.011
.008
.013
.008
.026
.007
.126
1980
.427
.264
.085
.027
.023
.009
.001
.011
.008
.005
.009
.002
.040
.009
.078
1981
.386
.275
.091
.040
.026
.010
.001
.013
.009
.004
.008
.001
.035
.012
.089
1982
.415
.219
.085
.039
.029
.015
.002
.019
.012
.004
.010
.002
.036
.032
.080
1983
.361
.220
.105
.052
.027
.013
.001
.022
.013
.005
.020
.003
.030
.060
.067
1984
.404
.198
.088
.033
.026
.013
.006
.030
.012
.010
.031
.003
.030
.050
.065
1985
.382
.192
.105
.034
.024
.010
.006
.041
.011
.008
.039
.004
.034
.043
.067
1986
.404
.174
.082
.023
.027
.008
.007
.051
.010
.012
.035
.004
.048
.051
.065
1987
.434
.152
.082
.024
.024
.006
.008
.057
.009
.017
.038
.004
.030
.071
.044
1988
.438
.138
.085
.017
.019
.005
.004
.062
.009
.019
.040
.005
.022
.069
.070
1989
.393
.179
.089
.011
.017
.004
.002
.076
.010
.016
.043
.005
.025
.061
.068
1990
.396
.186
.087
.013
.015
.002
.002
.089
.009
.015
.035
.006
.023
.048
.075
1991
.400
.168
.080
.017
.010
.003
.001
.075
.006
.011
.072
.004
.025
.069
.059
1992
.365
.174
.102
.012
.011
.002
.003
.089
.008
.011
.066
.006
.021
.059
.072
1993
.343
.176
.084
.023
.013
.001
.001
.100
.008
.011
.079
.010
.020
.056
.075
1994
.334
.146
.090
.015
.010
.001
.001
.092
.008
.013
.090
.012
.025
.074
.090
1995
.343
.166
.086
.013
.012
.001
.102
.007
.013
.092
.015
.020
.046
.084
1996
.319
.179
.081
.007
.013
.001
.099
.008
.009
.116
.018
.017
.053
.079
1997
.307
.166
.083
.010
.010
.078
.010
.034
.097
.039
.009
.048
.110
1998
.266
.205
.063
.007
.011
.094
.009
.022
.112
.044
.018
.057
.092
1999
.258
.206
.070
.005
.012
.085
.011
.021
.116
.050
.014
.050
.103
2000
.257
.175
.100
.004
.014
.092
.010
.024
.112
.053
.006
.046
.105
2001
.260
.159
.091
.014
.015
.060
.019
.025
.125
.071
.005
.035
.121
2002
.236
.174
.078
.015
.013
.070
.007
.022
.112
.126
.012
.029
.107
2003
.234
.157
.080
.021
.011
.071
.007
.017
.133
.112
.012
.033
.111
2004
.208
.161
.075
.019
.010
.006
.057
.004
.016
.159
.124
.010
.024
.125
2005
.200
.182
.078
.023
.015
.007
.090
.003
.014
.131
.113
.001
.014
.131
2006
.212
.160
.104
.033
.015
.007
.073
.005
.009
.140
.100
.000
.018
.126
2007
.206
.202
.076
.026
.011
.005
.055
.002
.011
.140
.129
.000
.017
.121
2008
.194
.177
.100
.034
.011
.005
.053
.002
.009
.165
.123
.000
.016
.113
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
N-21
September 2008
-------
Light-Duty Automotive Technology and
Appendix O
MY2008 Fuel Economy by Vehicle Type,
Weight and Marketing Group
This technical report does not necessarily represent final EPA decisions or
positions. It is intended to present technical analysis of issues using data
that are currently available. The purpose in the release of such reports is to
facilitate the exchange of technical information and to inform the public of
technical developments.
Fuel Economy Trends
1975 Through 2008
~
#
Compliance and Innovative Strategies Division
and
Transportation and Climate Division
Offce of T ransportation and Air Quality
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
NOTICE
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
EPA420-R-08-015
September 2008
-------
Table 0-1
Weight
GM
Model Year 2008 Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by
Inertia Weight Class and Marketing Group for Cars
Ford Chrysler Toyota Honda Nissan HK VW
BMW
All
1750
2000
49.5
2250
29.9
2500
42 . 4
42 . 4
2750
34 . 8
34 . 1
39.3
39.2
37 . 6
42 . 5
38 . 1
3000
32 . 7
34 . 8
46.8
39. 0
37 . 0
35. 9
30.2
36.6
37.2
3500
29.4
28 . 4
30. 1
32 . 7
31. 8
32 . 7
31. 1
29.4
28 . 3
30.7
4000
26.3
25. 0
26.2
31. 1
27 . 8
26.0
27 . 3
27 . 1
25.7
26.9
4500
24 . 9
22 . 1
21.8
25. 1
20.7
22 . 8
22 . 8
22 . 5
5000
19. 1
19.7
19. 8
5500
26.9
16.2
17 . 3
22 . 6
6000
18 . 9
15.7
16.9
6500
14 . 4
14 . 9
All
28.2
27 . 4
27 . 1
35. 6
33.4
32 . 0
31.7
28.2
27 . 3
30.4
Table 0-2
Weight
GM
Model Year 2008 Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by
Inertia Weight Class and Marketing Group for Wagons
Ford Chrysler Toyota Honda Nissan HK VW
BMW
All
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
39. 9
3000
36.9
36.3
3500
31. 9
30. 6
27 . 5
31. 6
28 . 3
30. 6
4000
25.4
24 . 7
27 . 0
27.2
ro
CO
CO
4500
22 . 1
22 . 5
ro
CO
5000
21.6
5500
6000
6500
All
33.2
25. 0
25.2
33.5
CO
KD
27 . 7
29.5
26.6
24 . 6
25. 8
39. 9
35.7
29.8
26.7
22 . 5
21.6
21.4
29.6
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
0-1
September 2008
-------
Table 0-3
Model Year 2008 Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by
Inertia Weight Class and Marketing Group for Cars and Wagons
Weight GM Ford Chrysler Toyota Honda Nissan HK VW BMW All
1750
2000
49.5
2250
29.9
2500
42 . 4
42 . 4
2750
34 . 8
34 . 1
39.3
39. 9
37 . 6
42 . 5
38 . 3
3000
33.3
34 . 8
44 . 7
39. 0
37 . 0
35. 9
30.2
36.6
37 . 1
3500
30. 1
28 . 5
29.1
32 . 6
31. 8
32 . 7
30. 8
29.5
28 . 3
30.5
4000
26.3
25. 0
26.3
31. 1
27 . 8
26.0
27 . 3
27 . 3
25. 8
26.9
4500
24 . 9
22 . 1
22.2
25. 1
20.7
23. 0
22 . 9
22 . 5
5000
21.6
19. 1
19.7
20.7
5500
26.9
16.2
17 . 3
21.7
6000
18 . 9
15.7
16.9
6500
14 . 4
14 . 9
All 28.7 27.3 26.5 35.5 33.8 32.0 31.5 28.3 27.2 30.3
Table 0-4
Model Year 2008 Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by
Inertia Weight Class and Marketing Group for Vans
Weight GM Ford Chrysler Toyota Honda Nissan HK VW BMW All
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000 28.9 28.9
4500 24.0 24.1 24.5 26.0 25.3 24.5 23.8 24.8
5000 21.7 26.0 24.6
5500 19.4 19.4
6000 17.8 17.8
6500
All 20.9 24.1 24.6 26.0 25.3 24.5 23.8 24.5
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
0-2
September 2008
-------
Table 0-5
Weight
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
GM
Model Year 2008 Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by
Inertia Weight Class and Marketing Group for SUVs
Ford Chrysler Toyota Honda Nissan HK VW
BMW
3500
27 . 8
30.3
CO
o
29.7
CO
M
CO
ro
CO
CO
4000
25.2
26.2
22 . 5
27 . 5
27 . 6
27 . 8
25. 6
25. 6
4500
22 . 1
23.4
22 . 0
24 . 5
22 . 3
21.8
23. 6
5000
21.9
20.0
19. 8
23.5
20.8
20.7
22 . 8
5500
20.5
19. 1
18 . 3
20.1
20.1
6000
20.2
18 . 4
19.4
18 . 1
18 . 3
6500
18 . 7
17 . 5
All
29.
25.
23. 1
21.3
19.
19.
18 .
All
22 . 0
23.4
22 . 9
24 . 7
25.7
22 . 5
24 . 8
19. 8
23. 0
23.3
Table 0-6
Weight
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
GM
Model Year 2008 Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by
Inertia Weight Class and Marketing Group for Pickups
Ford Chrysler Toyota Honda Nissan HK VW BMW
3500
25. 8
26.6
ro
CO
4000
24 . 1
20.6
23.7
25.4
4500
21. 9
21.1
21.5
21.9
21.4
21.0
5000
21.0
20.1
20.0
21.2
18 . 8
5500
20.5
19. 0
19.1
19.7
CO
CO
6000
19. 9
18 . 4
18.2
CO
17 . 4
6500
16.0
17 . 1
All
21. 0
19.7
19.4
20.8
21.4
18 . 6
All
26.9
23. 1
21.
20.
19.
18 .
17 . 1
20.2
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
0-3
September 2008
-------
Table 0-7
Weight
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
GM
Model Year 2008 Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by
Inertia Weight Class and Marketing Group for Trucks
Ford Chrysler Toyota Honda Nissan HK VW BMW
3500
25. 8
27 . 5
30.3
30.2
29.7
31. 8
28 . 3
4000
24 . 9
24 . 9
22 . 5
26.1
27 . 6
27 . 6
25. 6
25. 6
4500
22 . 3
23.4
23. 1
24 . 8
23.2
22 . 9
23.7
5000
21.7
20.1
20.6
22 . 9
20.8
20.7
22 . 8
5500
20.5
19. 0
19. 1
19.7
18 . 3
20.1
20.1
6000
20.1
18 . 4
18.2
18 . 9
17 . 7
18 . 3
6500
16.0
18 . 7
17 . 4
All
29.0
25.4
23.5
21.2
19. 8
19. 0
18 . 1
All
21.6
21.8
22 . 5
23.7
25. 1
21.5
24 . 6
19. 8
23. 0
22 . 5
Table 0-8
Model Year 2008 Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by
Inertia Weight Class and Marketing Group
for All
Vehicles
sight
GM
Ford
Chrysler
Toyota
Honda
Nissan
HK
VW
BMW
All
1750
2000
49.5
2250
29.9
2500
42 . 4
42 . 4
2750
34 . 8
34 . 1
39.3
39. 9
37 . 6
42 . 5
38 . 3
3000
33.3
34 . 8
44 . 7
39. 0
37 . 0
35. 9
30.2
36.6
37 . 1
3500
29.9
28 . 0
29.6
32.2
31.3
32 . 7
30.5
29.5
28 . 3
30.2
4000
25. 9
25. 0
24 . 8
29.3
27 . 7
26.6
26.5
27 . 3
25.7
26.4
4500
22 . 6
22 . 9
23.0
24 . 8
23.2
22 . 9
23.7
23. 0
22 . 9
23.3
5000
21.7
20.1
20.7
22 . 9
20.8
20.0
22 . 8
21.2
5500
20.5
19. 0
19. 1
20.0
18 . 3
20.0
20.0
19. 9
6000
20.1
18 . 4
18.2
18 . 9
17 . 7
17 . 5
19. 0
6500
16.0
18 . 7
17 . 4
14 . 4
18 . 1
All
24 . 3
23.7
23. 6
29.7
29.6
26.6
28 . 4
26.2
26.3
26.0
EPA420-R-
¦08-015
0-4
September
2008
-------
September 2008
Light-Duty Automotive Technology and
Fuel Economy Trends:
1975 Through 2008
Appendix P: Data Stratified by
Marketing Group and Vehicle Type
Compliance and Innovative Strategies Division
and
Transportation and Climate Division
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
NOTICE
This Technical Report does not necessarily represent final EPA decisions or positions.
It is intended to present technical analysis of issues using data that are currently available.
The purpose in the release of such reports is to facilitate an exchange of
technical information and to inform the public of technical developments.
-------
Table P-l Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 GM Marketing Group's Cars
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
VOL
ENGINE
0-60
TOP
HP/
HP/
TON
CU-FT
CU-FT-
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CU-FT
CID
HP
TIME
SPEED
CID
WT
-MPG
-MPG
TON-MP<
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1975
15.1
11.9
14.4
12.9
4486
343
151
14.0
113
.450
.0334
34.1
1976
16.7
13.1
15.8
14.2
4375
329
148
14.0
113
.461
.0334
36.5
1977
17.8
14.1
16.7
15.2
4158
113.1
314
145
13.6
114
.468
.0346
37.2
2038
4206
1978
19.1
15.0
18.3
16.3
3758
112.2
288
135
13.3
114
.479
.0356
36.2
2185
4068
1979
19.3
15.3
18.0
16.4
3726
112.3
283
136
13.1
114
.495
.0361
36.2
2205
4076
1980
22.0
17.1
21.2
18.7
3355
109. 9
222
113
13.8
110
.542
.0337
37.0
2451
4083
1981
23.3
18.0
22.8
19.9
3417
112.4
224
110
14 .3
108
.525
.0322
39.9
2654
4513
1982
24.4
18. 6
24.6
20.9
3327
111.3
209
110
14.1
108
.560
.0329
40.9
2776
4583
1983
23.6
17. 9
23.8
20.1
3425
114.3
221
117
13.8
110
.555
.0339
40.5
2733
4639
1984
24.4
18.5
24.7
20.9
3326
109.5
210
115
13.6
110
.582
.0344
40.9
2717
4480
1985
25 . 6
19.3
26.2
21.9
3299
111. 4
207
117
13.4
111
.594
.0352
42.4
2899
4730
1986
27.1
20.3
27.7
23.1
3144
109.2
189
115
13.1
112
. 640
.0363
42.9
3021
4687
1987
27.3
20.2
28.1
23.2
3162
109. 8
190
123
12 . 6
115
. 674
.0384
43.4
3056
4768
1988
28.2
20.7
28.9
23.9
3137
109. 8
179
122
12 .5
115
.709
.0385
44.4
3149
4884
1989
27.5
20.0
28.3
23.2
3173
110. 6
186
133
11.8
119
.739
.0415
43.8
3087
4845
1990
27.3
19.7
28.3
23.0
3244
109. 8
182
136
11.8
119
.775
.0417
44.4
3032
4882
1991
27.2
19.4
28.1
22.9
3236
109.1
187
139
11.6
120
.774
.0423
44.1
3009
4821
1992
26.7
18.9
27.7
22.4
3301
110.2
192
146
11.2
122
.794
.0438
44.1
2982
4873
1993
27.3
19.3
28.0
22.8
3265
109. 9
189
146
11.1
123
.805
.0444
44 . 6
3044
4921
1994
27.5
19.3
27.9
22.9
3276
108.9
185
149
11.2
123
.824
.0447
45.1
3038
4921
1995
27.3
19.0
27.9
22.7
3339
111. 1
191
165
10.3
129
.884
.0488
45 . 6
3072
5079
1996
27.8
19.3
28.3
23.1
3337
109. 9
188
167
10.3
129
.900
.0494
46.5
3081
5119
1997
28.1
19.4
28.3
23.2
3308
110.1
183
169
10.2
130
.927
.0501
46.5
3113
5121
1998
27.5
18.8
27.6
22. 6
3369
111. 4
191
174
10.1
131
.916
.0509
46.4
3092
5175
1999
27.4
18.7
27.3
22.5
3409
110.7
188
171
10.3
130
.917
.0494
46.7
3054
5175
2000
27.6
18. 6
27.5
22. 6
3441
111. 6
189
173
10.3
130
.921
.0496
47.5
3096
5309
2001
28.1
18.9
27.8
22.9
3445
111. 8
190
177
10.1
132
.938
.0508
48.4
3161
5426
2002
28.5
19.1
27.8
23.1
3406
111. 4
194
178
9.9
132
.930
.0517
48 . 6
3201
5427
2003
28.4
18.8
27.8
23.0
3490
113.1
192
183
9.8
133
.965
.0520
49.5
3223
5617
2004
28.9
19.0
28.4
23.3
3428
112.1
192
183
9.7
134
.975
.0529
49.5
3263
5568
2005
28.8
18.8
28.0
23.1
3482
111. 9
193
188
9.7
135
.986
.0534
50.2
3252
5635
2006
28.3
18.5
27.5
22.7
3584
110.7
201
203
9.3
139
1.027
.0561
50.8
3160
5654
2007
28 . 6
18.7
27.7
23.0
3581
108. 6
192
197
9.5
137
1.050
.0547
51.3
3138
5614
2008
28.2
18.4
27.5
22.7
3661
109.3
201
212
9.2
141
1.075
.0573
51.8
3116
5697
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-l
September 2008
-------
Table P-l (Continued)
Percent of GM Cars:
MODEL
DRIVETRAIN
TRANSMISSION
FUEL
METERING
YEAR
FRONT
4WD
MANUAL
LOCK
CVT
GDI
PORT
TBI
DSL
1975
3.0
6.7
2.7
1976
3.0
7.1
2.0
1977
2.8
4.2
1.6
1978
2.9
6.2
2.3
. 6
1979
4.7
6.8
5.8
2.5
2.8
1980
28.8
13. 6
18.0
.7
1.0
4.1
1981
26.9
9.7
57.6
.2
4.0
7.3
1982
39.2
9.6
90.2
.5
22.2
6.0
1983
38.0
7.2
92.4
. 9
28.5
2.0
1984
42. 6
9.6
90. 0
1.7
32.9
. 8
1985
60. 4
7.2
91.7
18.8
35. 6
. 1
1986
72.3
10.3
87.4
27.9
37. 9
. 0
1987
78.0
8.8
88.7
39.3
38.2
1988
89.1
10.7
87.1
51.4
37.3
1989
89.9
. 0
8.5
89.5
57.1
39.6
1990
94.9
. 1
8.1
90.7
68.5
31.2
1991
88.8
. 0
10.5
86.8
57.3
42.7
1992
91.7
9.2
87.9
82.1
17. 9
1993
93.7
10.2
88.1
85.0
15.0
1994
89.7
10.8
87.5
93.1
6.9
1995
90. 9
9.1
89.7
97.5
2.5
1996
92.4
9.0
91. 0
100. 0
1997
96.3
8.6
89.5
97.5
2.5
1998
95. 6
6.7
92.2
99.5
.5
1999
95.4
6.4
91. 9
99.7
.3
2000
93.3
4.8
91.7
99. 8
.2
2001
94.3
5.2
91. 9
100. 0
2002
95.2
6.1
93.2
100. 0
2003
94.5
4.2
95.4
. 4
100. 0
2004
94.4
5.6
93.7
.7
100. 0
2005
91.5
.2
5.2
94.3
100. 0
2006
90.1
. 6
6.7
93.3
100. 0
2007
90.2
.5
6.5
93. 6
100. 0
2008
86.4
1.9
7.3
92.7
1.9
98.1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-2
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICIiE SIZE
SMALL MID IiARGE
43.1
25.3
31.6
45.9
26.6
27.5
41.6
25.5
32.9
31.6
36.2
32.2
28.1
39.4
32.5
32.0
51.3
16.7
27.6
53.5
18.9
36.3
44.3
19.4
26.6
47.5
26.0
37. 0
42. 6
20.3
34.0
40.1
25.9
99.3
.7
43.0
35.5
21.6
98.8
1.2
42. 6
31.3
26.1
95.7
4.3
51.0
26.8
22.2
93.7
6.3
41.2
33. 9
24.9
87.3
1.9
10.8
40.2
37. 0
22.8
90.5
2.7
6.7
45.2
33. 0
21.8
88.2
2.0
9.8
45.1
28.7
26.1
87.6
1.6
10.8
47.9
29.4
22. 6
86.4
13. 6
52.8
25.7
21.5
79.1
20.9
46.4
32.7
20.9
74. 6
25.4
50.1
31.9
17. 9
71.2
28.8
47.6
32. 6
19.8
75.7
24.3
38.4
43.6
18.0
68.9
31.1
45.4
40.6
14.0
71.6
28.4
1.5
41.0
36.2
22.8
71.9
28.1
2.2
40.7
37.5
21.8
73. 6
26.4
1.3
42.9
33. 4
23.7
62.0
38.0
35.3
36.7
28.0
56.0
44.0
3.0
40.1
31.5
28.4
58.1
41.9
6.3
36.8
35.9
27.3
57.8
42.2
17.9
41.0
30.1
28.8
53.2
46.8
46.3
. 1
44.9
27.3
27.8
43.6
56.4
53.5
.3
39.1
28.6
32.3
September 2008
-------
Table P-2 Characteristics of 1975
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
VOL
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CU-FT
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1975
14 . 6
11.4
14.1
12.5
4594
1976
15 . 6
12.2
14.8
13.2
4723
1977
16.9
13.5
15. 6
14.4
4490
152. 6
1978
17.9
14.0
17. 0
15.2
4122
149.2
1979
17.8
14.2
16.4
15.1
4099
148.4
1980
20.2
15.7
19.5
17.2
4038
148.5
1981
21.1
16.2
20.9
18.0
4125
150. 8
1982
21.7
16.5
21.9
18. 6
3814
145.1
1983
22.8
17.3
22.9
19.5
3669
142.0
1984
24.2
18.3
24.4
20.6
3531
140.7
1985
24.4
18.3
25.1
20.9
3611
142.2
1986
25.4
19.0
26.0
21.6
3584
141. 9
1987
25 .7
19.1
26.2
21.8
3615
142.7
1988
26.5
19.5
27.4
22.5
3645
143.2
1989
26.0
19.0
26.6
22.0
3643
142.8
1990
26.3
18.9
27.4
22.2
3617
140. 8
1991
25 .5
18.2
26.5
21.5
3784
147. 0
1992
25.1
17. 8
26.2
21.1
3825
148.0
1993
26.7
18.9
27.5
22.4
3500
139. 0
1994
27.2
19.2
27.5
22.7
3432
136. 8
1995
27.6
19.1
28.4
22.9
3431
137. 4
1996
28.0
19.3
28.6
23.2
3428
137.5
1997
33.5
23.3
32. 6
27.4
2749
119. 9
1998
33.9
23.4
32.8
27.6
2749
116.7
1999
32.4
22.1
31.4
26.3
2983
119.7
2000
28.8
19.7
27.8
23.4
3307
124.2
2001
28.9
19.6
27.9
23.4
3488
128.9
2002
27.8
18.8
26.7
22.5
3607
131.7
2003
34.0
23.5
29.9
26.7
3069
113. 9
2004
34 . 6
23.7
30.3
27.0
3061
119.5
2005
33.7
22.8
29.7
26.3
3093
116. 0
2006
31.5
21.1
28.7
24.8
3368
124.3
2007
31.3
21.0
28.4
24.7
3389
122.0
2008
33.2
22.3
29.9
26.1
3347
122.7
Marketing Group's Wagons
0-60
TOP
HP/
HP/
TON
CU-FT
CU-FT-
TIME
SPEED
CID
WT
-MPG
-MPG
TON-MP<
14.4
112
.477
.0319
33.7
14.4
112
.473
.0319
36.6
13.9
113
.469
.0332
38.1
2606
5812
13.7
113
.475
.0341
37.0
2682
5514
13.7
113
.479
.0339
36.6
2659
5429
15.0
108
.443
.0306
41.4
3048
6172
15 .2
107
.441
.0301
44.1
3226
6680
14 .5
109
.522
.0317
41.6
3202
6056
14 .3
108
.550
.0319
41.8
3290
5961
14 .3
108
. 621
.0319
42 . 6
3458
6015
14 .2
109
. 612
.0324
43.9
3506
6275
14.4
108
. 615
.0319
45 .2
3621
6454
13.7
110
. 633
.0337
46.2
3695
6629
13.6
111
. 631
.0342
48.1
3821
6921
13.3
113
. 653
.0353
47.1
3737
6763
12.9
115
. 674
.0369
47.4
3710
6695
12 . 6
117
. 659
.0380
48.0
3746
7125
11.8
120
. 668
.0407
47.8
3711
7144
11.7
119
.752
.0411
46.4
3718
6516
11.1
124
.829
.0445
46.5
3736
6423
10.6
126
.880
.0467
47.1
3807
6511
10.5
127
.889
.0474
47.7
3860
6606
11.2
118
1.027
.0433
46.1
4024
5530
11.4
117
1.007
.0425
46.7
3964
5448
11.2
120
1.055
.0433
48.1
3901
5781
10.8
124
1.059
.0457
47.7
3610
5929
10.7
126
.978
.0461
50.4
3745
6512
10.7
127
1.017
.0462
50.1
3669
6612
11.0
122
1.199
.0447
52 .3
3883
5953
11.0
121
1.195
.0441
53.0
4146
6330
10.8
123
1.200
.0453
52 . 6
3973
6107
11.0
123
1.153
.0447
53.1
3935
6599
11.1
122
1.133
.0438
53.1
3837
6475
10.7
126
1.222
.0465
55 .7
4097
6834
to 2008 GM
ENGINE
CID HP
327 150
336 154
325 150
299 142
292 139
284 123
287 123
248 121
230 118
195 113
202 117
197 114
205 121
209 124
208 128
206 132
228 144
250 155
210 143
198 156
197 164
197 166
116 119
116 117
122 129
144 152
168 161
165 167
115 137
113 135
118 141
131 151
131 149
128 156
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-3
September 2008
-------
Table P-2 (Continued)
Percent of GM Wagons:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
1975
12.4
1.3
1976
6.9
1977
2.4
1978
3.7
1979
2.1
1980
1.0
74.5
1981
. 6
99. 4
1982
19.4
5.0
95.0
1.0
1983
31.0
6.9
93.1
31.0
1984
70.3
6.1
93. 9
.3
38.5
1985
70.3
2.6
97. 4
9.7
30.1
1986
71.8
2.3
97.7
11.4
34.4
1987
68.9
1.5
98.5
36.2
32.7
1988
68.2
1.1
98.9
41.5
26.6
1989
69.5
1.1
98.9
47.2
22.3
1990
76.3
1.2
98.8
55.1
21.1
1991
55.0
100. 0
26.2
73. 8
1992
52.5
100. 0
51.8
48.2
1993
70.7
7.1
92.9
64.7
35.3
1994
76.0
8.3
91.7
93.1
6.9
1995
76.8
12. 6
87.4
100. 0
1996
77.5
9.5
90.5
100. 0
1997
100. 0
23.3
76.7
100. 0
1998
100. 0
22.3
77.7
100. 0
1999
100. 0
17.3
74.8
100. 0
2000
100. 0
7.2
79.3
100. 0
2001
100. 0
7.9
86.2
100. 0
2002
100. 0
5.0
88.1
100. 0
2003
85.8
14.2
11.2
88.8
100. 0
2004
87.8
12.2
8.5
91.5
100. 0
2005
93. 8
6.2
10.4
89.6
100. 0
2006
96.2
3.8
6.4
93. 6
100. 0
2007
100. 0
6.3
93.7
100. 0
2008
100. 0
19.7
80.3
4.6 95.4
1.1
1.6
0.2
4.5
8.3
2.6
1.2
.3
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-4
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
27.1
33. 6
39.4
22.2
39.2
38. 6
10.0
37. 6
52.4
7.2
41.0
51.7
3.5
53.3
43.2
59.6
40.4
48.1
51.9
19.4
40.7
39.8
31.0
35.2
33. 8
33.7
36.6
29.7
22.1
48.2
29.7
100. 0
21.9
49.9
28.2
100. 0
20.7
54.9
24.4
100. 0
18. 6
49.5
31.8
100. 0
19.4
50.1
30.5
100. 0
21.0
55.2
23.7
100. 0
32.1
22.9
45.0
100. 0
29.3
23.2
47.5
84.4
15. 6
46.5
24.3
29.3
81.9
18.1
48.9
27.2
24.0
70.8
29.2
40.1
36.7
23.2
69.5
30.5
39.7
37.7
22.5
20.5
79.5
100. 0
29.9
70.1
100. 0
19.7
80.3
83.0
17. 0
7.2
92.8
41.2
58.8
57.8
42.2
24.8
75.2
100. 0
7.1
92.9
2.3
97.7
88.5
88.5
11.5
100. 0
92 .3
92.3
7.7
77. 6
22.4
77.6
97.5
2.5
29.7
70.3
62.1
96.9
3.1
24.1
75.9
51.4
99.3
.7
100. 0
63.1
99. 4
. 6
September
2008
-------
Table P-3
Characteristics of
1975 to 2008 GM Marketing Group's Cars and Wagons
YEAR < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT
LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPEED CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975 15.1
1976 16.6
1977 17.7
1978 19.0
1979 19.1
1980 21.9
1981 23.2
1982 24.2
1983 23.5
1984 24.4
1985 25.5
1986 27.0
1987 27.2
1988 28.1
1989 27.4
1990 27.3
1991 27.1
1992 26.6
1993 27.3
1994 27.5
1995 27.3
1996 27.8
1997 28.1
1998 27.6
1999 27.4
2000 27.6
2001 28.1
2002 28.5
2003 28.6
2004 29.1
2005 29.0
2006 28.6
2007 28.8
2008 28.7
11.8 14.4
13.0 15.7
14.0 16.7
14.9 18.2
15.2 17.9
17.0 21.1
17.9 22.7
18.4 24.3
17.8 23.8
18.5 24.7
19.2 26.1
20.2 27.6
20.2 27.9
20.7 28.8
20.0 28.2
19.6 28.2
19.4 28.0
18.8 27.7
19.3 28.0
19.3 27.9
19.0 27.9
19.3 28.3
19.4 28.3
18.9 27.7
18.7 27.3
18.6 27.6
18.9 27.8
19.1 27.8
19.0 27.9
19.1 28.4
19.0 28.1
18.7 27.6
18.9 27.8
18.8 27.8
12.9 4494
14.1 4398
15.1 4183
16.2 3786
16.3 3759
18.7 3383
19.8 3444
20.7 3368
20.1 3445
20.9 3345
21.8 3322
23.0 3173
23.1 3191
23.8 3158
23.2 3191
23.0 3255
22.8 3248
22.4 3310
22.8 3271
22.9 3279
22.7 3340
23.1 3339
23.2 3302
22.7 3362
22.5 3405
22.6 3439
22.9 3445
23.1 3407
23.1 3473
23.4 3415
23.3 3462
22.9 3562
23.1 3566
23.0 3627
342
329
116.1 314
115.0 289
115.5 284
111.4 225
113.9 226
114.2 212
116.6 222
112.3 208
113.7 207
111.4 190
111.9 191
111.2 180
111.9 186
110.7 183
109.9 188
110.9 193
110.6 189
109.5 185
111.4 191
110.3 188
110.2 182
111.5 190
110.7 187
111.8 189
112.0 190
111.6 194
113.1 189
112.3 189
112.1 189
112.0 194
109.7 187
110.7 193
151 14.1
148 14.1
145 13.6
135 13.4
136 13.2
114 13.8
111 14.4
111 14.2
117 13.8
115 13.7
117 13.4
115 13.2
123 12.6
122 12.6
133 11.9
136 11.8
139 11.6
146 11.3
146 11.2
149 11.2
165 10.3
167 10.3
168 10.2
173 10.1
170 10.3
173 10.3
177 10.1
178 9.9
181 9.8
182 9.7
186 9.7
198 9.5
193 9.6
206 9.4
113 .452
113 .462
114 .468
114 .479
114 .494
110 .538
108 .522
109 .557
110 .554
110 .585
111 .596
112 .638
114 .672
115 .706
118 .736
119 .772
120 .772
122 .792
122 .804
123 .825
128 .884
129 .900
130 .928
131 .917
130 .919
130 .923
132 .938
132 .931
133 .975
134 .983
134 .997
138 1.040
136 1.057
139 1.091
.0333 34.0
.0333 36.5
.0345 37.2
.0355 36.2
.0359 36.3
.0336 37.1
.0321 40.0
.0328 41.0
.0337 40.7
.0342 41.1
.0349 42.5
.0360 43.0
.0381 43.6
.0383 44.6
.0413 43.9
.0415 44.5
.0422 44.2
.0437 44.2
.0443 44.7
.0447 45.1
.0488 45.7
.0493 46.5
.0500 46.4
.0508 46.4
.0494 46.7
.0496 47.5
.0507 48.4
.0516 48.6
.0517 49.7
.0526 49.7
.0530 50.3
.0550 51.0
.0538 51.5
.0561 52.2
2081 4327
2223 4179
2246 4197
2475 4167
2676 4596
2812 4708
2779 4748
2784 4618
2944 4844
3061 4804
3097 4888
3177 4970
3112 4919
3052 4933
3024 4868
2996 4916
3060 4958
3054 4954
3083 5099
3093 5142
3122 5125
3101 5178
3061 5180
3103 5317
3167 5436
3205 5437
3250 5631
3293 5594
3288 5659
3237 5748
3196 5685
3221 5819
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-5
September 2008
-------
Table P-3 (Continued)
Percent of GM Cars and Wagons:
MODEL
DRIVETRAIN
TRANSMISSION
FUEL
METERING
YEAR
FRONT
4WD
MANUAL
LOCK
CVT
GDI
PORT
TBI
DSL
1975
2.7
7.1
2.6
1976
2.8
7.1
1.9
1977
2.6
4.1
1.4
1978
2.7
6.0
2.2
.7
1979
4.3
6.4
5.3
2.2
2.7
1980
27.7
13.1
20.2
.7
1.0
4.7
1981
25.9
9.3
59.2
.2
3.9
8.0
1982
37.5
9.2
90. 6
.5
20.4
6.2
1983
37.5
7.2
92.5
. 9
28.7
2.1
1984
45.1
9.3
90.3
1.6
33. 4
. 9
1985
61.2
6.9
92.1
18.1
35.2
.2
1986
72.3
9.7
88.1
26.8
37.7
. 0
1987
77. 4
8.3
89.3
39.1
37. 8
1988
88.2
10.3
87.6
51.0
36.8
1989
89.1
. 0
8.3
89.9
56.7
39.0
1990
94.4
. 1
7.9
90. 9
68.1
30.9
1991
88.1
. 0
10.3
87.1
56.7
43.3
1992
91. 0
9.0
88.1
81.5
18.5
1993
93.1
10.2
88.2
84.6
15.4
1994
89.4
10.8
87.6
93.1
6.9
1995
90.7
9.1
89.7
97. 6
2.4
1996
92.2
9.0
91. 0
100. 0
1997
96.4
8.8
89.4
97.5
2.5
1998
95. 6
6.9
92.1
99.5
.5
1999
95.5
6.5
91. 8
99.7
.3
2000
93.3
4.8
91. 6
99. 8
.2
2001
94.3
5.2
91. 9
100. 0
2002
95.2
6.1
93.1
100. 0
2003
94.1
. 6
4.5
95.1
. 4
100. 0
2004
94.2
. 4
5.7
93. 6
.7
100. 0
2005
91. 6
.5
5.5
94.1
100. 0
2006
90.7
. 9
6.7
93.3
100. 0
2007
91. 0
. 4
6.4
93. 6
100. 0
2008
87.9
1.7
8.6
91. 4
2.2
97. 8
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P- 6
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICIiE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
41.8
25.9
32.2
44.3
27.5
28.2
39.2
26.4
34.4
29.7
36.6
33.7
25.9
40.7
33.5
30.7
51.6
17. 6
26.5
53.3
20.2
34.9
44.0
21.1
26.9
46.5
26.6
36.7
42.1
21.2
33.1
40.7
26.2
99.3
.7
41.6
36.4
22.0
98.9
1.1
41.2
32.8
26.0
95.9
4.1
49.6
27.8
22. 6
93. 9
6.1
40.4
34.5
25.1
87.7
1.8
10.5
39.6
37.5
22.9
90.7
2.7
6.6
44.9
32.8
22.3
88.4
2.0
9.6
44.8
28.6
26.5
87.6
1.6
10.9
47.9
29.3
22.8
86.3
13.7
52.7
25.7
21.6
79.0
21.0
46.3
32.8
20.9
74.5
25.5
50.0
32.0
18.0
70.7
29.3
48.1
32.2
19.6
75.2
24.8
39.1
43.1
17. 8
68.5
31.5
45.7
40.4
13. 9
70.8
29.2
1.5
41.0
36.5
22.5
71.7
28.3
2.2
40.6
37. 8
21.6
73. 0
27.0
1.3
42. 6
33. 9
23.5
59.5
40.5
3.6
37.5
35.7
26.8
54.1
45.9
6.1
41.9
30.7
27.4
59.1
40.9
9.9
39.9
34.2
26.0
55.0
45.0
22 .3
46.6
27.4
26.0
50.8
49.2
46.8
. 1
49.4
25.1
25.5
38.9
61.1
54.5
.3
45. 6
25. 6
28.8
September 2008
-------
Table P-4
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 GM Marketing Group's Vans
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1975
14.4
11.6
13. 0
12.2
4183
306
136
14.3
1976
14.0
11.6
12.3
11.9
4225
321
136
14.3
1977
15.0
12.4
13. 0
12.7
4276
325
141
14.0
1978
14.1
11.7
12.2
11.9
4313
328
153
13.2
1979
14 .7
12.3
12. 6
12.4
4553
319
130
15. 6
1980
16.7
13.3
15. 6
14.2
4338
297
145
13. 8
1981
18.0
14.3
16.8
15.3
4374
285
143
14.0
1982
17.9
14.3
16.5
15.2
4447
291
151
13. 8
1983
18.9
14.9
17.7
16.0
4551
306
153
13. 9
1984
18 .2
14.3
17.2
15.5
4523
301
148
14.1
1985
18 .7
14.8
17. 6
15.9
4287
286
154
13. 0
1986
19.4
15.2
18.2
16.4
4240
279
150
13.2
1987
19.8
15.3
18.8
16.8
4214
284
169
11.9
1988
20.2
15.4
19.4
17.1
4210
286
168
12.0
1989
20.2
15.3
19.5
17. 0
4215
290
169
12.0
1990
20.7
15.5
19.9
17. 4
4265
258
155
13.2
1991
20.8
15.5
20.1
17. 4
4289
262
156
13.1
1992
20.8
15.4
20.1
17. 4
4304
266
165
12. 6
1993
20.7
15.2
20.0
17.3
4364
269
173
12.2
1994
21.0
15.3
20.3
17.5
4316
265
174
12.0
1995
20.6
14.9
19.8
17.1
4337
269
179
11.7
1996
21.5
15.5
20.5
17.7
4419
257
194
11.1
1997
21.9
15.7
20.8
18.0
4354
248
201
10.6
1998
22 .2
15.8
21.1
18.2
4291
240
199
10.6
1999
22.0
15.5
20.9
18.0
4327
243
193
10.9
2000
22.1
15.5
20.8
18.0
4323
241
193
10.9
2001
22.9
15.9
21.9
18.7
4275
234
193
10.8
2002
22 .3
15.4
21.3
18.2
4307
235
193
10.9
2003
23.2
15.8
22.1
18.8
4347
228
195
10.9
2004
23.1
15. 6
21.9
18. 6
4360
232
197
10.8
2005
22 . 6
15.3
21.2
18.2
4532
231
200
11.0
2006
22.9
15.4
21.6
18.4
4715
231
208
11.1
2007
22 . 6
15.2
21.5
18.2
4730
252
237
10.0
2008
20.9
14.3
19.4
16.8
5139
278
254
10.1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
HP/
HP/
TON-
CID
WT
MPG
442
. 0325
30.9
424
. 0323
30.6
435
. 0332
32.4
468
. 0356
31.1
418
. 0288
33. 9
491
. 0334
36.4
504
. 0328
39.5
515
. 0338
39.8
502
. 0336
43.4
491
. 0327
41.3
543
. 0361
40.5
541
. 0354
41.4
596
. 0401
42.0
590
. 0399
42.8
580
. 0398
42.9
606
. 0361
44.3
600
. 0362
44.9
623
. 0382
45.1
647
. 0396
45.3
662
. 0403
45.5
674
. 0414
44.9
769
. 0439
47.5
825
. 0463
47.7
844
. 0465
47.6
810
. 0447
47.7
813
. 0447
48.0
838
. 0453
49.3
834
. 0449
48.6
860
. 0449
50.5
855
. 0453
50.4
874
. 0442
51.5
903
. 0440
54.0
947
. 0503
53.5
916
. 0495
53.8
September 2008
TOP
SPEED
111
111
112
116
107
113
112
114
114
112
116
115
121
121
121
116
116
119
121
122
123
127
130
130
128
128
128
128
128
129
128
129
137
138
P-7
-------
Table P-4 (Continued)
Percent of GM Vans:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
1975
23.6
1976
20.2
1977
13. 6
1978
10.2
1979
15.4
1980
20.6
75.7
1981
12.5
87.5
1982
5.5
94.5
1983
3.6
96.4
1984
3.0
94.1
1985
2.6
96.9
2.2
1986
. 1
2.5
91.5
51.5
1987
1.5
76.2
99.7
1988
1.1
82.2
99. 6
1989
. 8
93. 8
99.7
1990
32.8
3.1
96.1
99. 8
1991
24.9
5.4
100. 0
99.7
1992
26.1
5.1
100. 0
19.6
80.2
1993
22.4
6.4
100. 0
25.4
74. 6
1994
27.2
8.4
100. 0
36.4
63. 6
1995
25.4
7.5
100. 0
61.5
38.5
1996
25.1
10.1
100. 0
100. 0
1997
40.2
8.5
100. 0
100. 0
1998
51.1
7.0
100. 0
100. 0
1999
49.3
6.6
100. 0
100. 0
2000
49.0
7.5
100. 0
100. 0
2001
59.7
5.3
100. 0
100. 0
2002
55.1
10.6
100. 0
100. 0
2003
59.4
15.9
100. 0
100. 0
2004
59.8
9.5
100. 0
100. 0
2005
64.0
9.3
100. 0
100. 0
2006
68.0
8.9
100. 0
100. 0
2007
68.8
3.9
100. 0
100. 0
2008
36.5
10.0
100. 0
100. 0
10.3
3.2
1.0
. 6
.3
. 4
.3
.2
.3
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-8
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID
100. 0
98.0
99.5
99.5
99. 8
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
2.0
.5
.5
.2
3.0
68.8
36.5
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
99.9 .1
99.2 .8
99.1 .9
99.1 .9
99.2 .8
99.4 .6
99.3 .7
99.3 .7
99.6 .4
99.4 .6
99.4 .6
99.2 .8
99.4 .6
98.8 1.2
83.1 16.9
85.2 14.8
87.0 13.0
82.4 17.6
83.9 16.1
83.6 16.4
83.3 16.7
85.5 14.5
80.3 19.7
84.3 15.7
74.1 25.9
68.8 31.2
50.2 49.8
September 2008
-------
Table P-5
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 GM Marketing Group's SUVs
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1975
11.8
10.0
10.1
10.0
4867
350
160
14.0
1976
13.1
10.6
11.7
11.1
4906
359
152
14.7
1977
14 .7
11.9
13.1
12.5
4692
357
157
13. 8
1978
14.0
11.4
12. 6
11.9
4702
355
165
13.2
1979
11.3
9.5
9.6
9.5
5169
371
149
15.9
1980
14 .5
11.5
13.5
12.4
5071
341
161
14.3
1981
16.2
12.8
15.0
13.7
5013
317
159
14.4
1982
19.3
14.9
18.7
16.4
5203
329
146
16.0
1983
20.7
15.9
20.5
17.7
4376
237
126
15.5
1984
20.5
15.7
20.5
17.5
4266
226
125
15.3
1985
20.7
15.7
21.0
17.7
4169
214
122
15.4
1986
19.7
15.1
19.3
16.8
4181
215
129
14.7
1987
19.9
15.0
19.6
16.9
4228
220
144
13. 8
1988
19.9
15.1
19.3
16.8
4315
242
154
13.2
1989
20.4
15.4
19.6
17.2
4264
262
162
12.5
1990
19.9
15.0
19.0
16.7
4336
253
156
13.1
1991
21.0
15.7
20.0
17.5
4063
246
152
12.7
1992
19.9
14.8
19.1
16.6
4160
244
162
12.4
1993
20.1
14.9
19.2
16.8
4414
261
186
11.6
1994
20.0
14.8
18.9
16.6
4481
251
183
11.9
1995
19.8
14.5
18.8
16.4
4569
262
184
11.9
1996
20.2
14. 6
19.1
16.7
4627
271
199
11.4
1997
19.7
14.2
18.7
16.2
4796
284
211
11.1
1998
20.7
14.8
19.6
17. 0
4463
262
201
10.9
1999
20.2
14.5
18.8
16.5
4523
267
205
10.9
2000
19.9
14.2
18.4
16.2
4786
272
213
11.0
2001
19.7
14.1
17. 9
15.9
4889
273
225
10.7
2002
19.9
13. 8
18.7
16.2
5003
273
257
9.8
2003
19.7
13. 6
18.5
16.0
5122
275
257
10.0
2004
20.0
13.7
18.7
16.2
5127
279
268
9.7
2005
20.7
14.1
19.4
16.7
5027
268
260
9.8
2006
21.5
14. 6
20.2
17. 4
4740
247
248
9.7
2007
21.2
14.3
20.2
17.1
5274
281
284
9.5
2008
22.0
14.8
21.1
17. 8
5039
261
272
9.4
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
HP/
HP/
TON-
CID
WT
MPG
456
. 0329
29.0
421
. 0309
32.2
439
. 0334
34.7
464
. 0351
33.2
399
. 0286
29.2
474
. 0319
36.9
502
. 0317
40.7
450
. 0284
51.4
566
. 0289
45.7
583
. 0293
43.9
595
. 0292
43.3
640
. 0309
41.4
678
. 0337
41.8
662
. 0356
42.8
633
. 0379
43.3
649
. 0357
42.7
633
. 0373
42.5
685
. 0389
41.2
738
. 0426
44.1
758
. 0408
44.6
733
. 0404
45.1
755
. 0426
46.5
757
. 0439
47.1
788
. 0449
46.1
791
. 0451
45. 6
797
. 0443
47.4
840
. 0457
47.9
952
. 0514
49.6
948
. 0501
50.2
973
. 0523
51.2
979
. 0516
51.8
008
. 0521
51.0
016
. 0536
55.7
059
. 0540
55.5
September 2008
TOP
SPEED
114
111
114
116
109
113
112
108
107
107
107
109
113
116
118
116
117
119
125
123
123
126
129
129
129
129
132
140
139
142
141
140 1
145 1
144 1
P-9
-------
Table P-5 (Continued)
Percent of GM SUVs:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN
YEAR FRONT 4WD
1975
72. 6
1976
77. 8
1977
73.2
1978
80.2
1979
42. 6
1980
61.2
1981
65.5
1982
61.1
1983
73. 8
1984
71.3
1985
68.8
1986
74. 6
1987
70.6
1988
73.2
1989
73. 9
1990
73.2
1991
72.7
1992
68.9
1993
67. 8
1994
68.0
1995
77. 4
1996
69.5
1997
70.0
1998
71.1
1999
50.9
2000
72.8
2001
3.8
56.5
2002
5.7
62.3
2003
7.6
59.8
2004
9.0
59.8
2005
15.2
60.1
2006
24.1
57.8
2007
18.1
53.9
2008
29.0
51.8
TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL
16.2
15.8
15.7
14.8
14.2
13. 8
86.2
7.7
92.3
9.1
90. 9
46.4
24.1
75.9
12.1
22.7
77.3
5.1
18.7
81.3
2.9
2.5
30.2
69. 8
48.7
3.4
18.8
81.2
89.7
1.0
16.8
83.2
17.1
82.1
. 8
Ch
CO
83.2
10.8
88.2
. 6
26.6
73. 4
10.6
87.2
. 8
18.5
81.5
4.3
94.8
. 4
21.7
78.3
29.3
69. 8
14.4
85. 6
59.6
39.6
13. 4
82.2
65.8
34.2
10.3
89.7
66.8
33.2
6.2
93. 8
100. 0
. 0
4.4
95. 6
100. 0
. 0
6.4
93. 6
100. 0
. 0
5.5
94.5
100. 0
2.6
97. 4
100. 0
2.1
97. 9
100. 0
1.5
98.3 .2
100. 0
1.9
94.9 3.2
100. 0
1.6
97.1 1.3
100. 0
1.4
98.5 .2
100. 0
1.3
98.7
100. 0
.5
99.5
100. 0
.2
99.0 .8
100. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-10
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
86.6
13. 4
86.1
13. 9
85.0
15.0
85.4
14. 6
32.9
67.1
59.1
40.9
60.3
39.7
59.4
40.6
81.0
19.0
82. 6
17. 4
85.3
14.7
82.7
17.3
82.9
17.1
80.6
19.4
5.6
75.8
18. 6
18.8
52.2
29.0
9.3
80.0
10.7
13.1
67. 6
19.3
10.5
60. 0
29.5
13. 8
59.8
26.4
80.7
19.3
7.2
62.0
30.9
83.5
16.5
7.8
60.1
32.1
88.0
12.0
3.6
56.2
40.1
80.1
19.9
16.7
63.1
20.2
82.0
18.0
7.9
63. 0
29.1
90. 0
10.0
6.3
57.2
36.5
91.1
8.9
12.4
36.5
51.1
59.9
40.1
32.0
3.9
16.7
79.4
57.0
43.0
32.9
3.3
16.4
80.3
54.5
45.5
38.1
. 9
14.0
85.0
60. 9
39.1
36.3
7.1
92.9
33.5
66.5
48 . 6
10.8
89.2
70.8
29.2
39.8
.7
6.7
93.3
52.9
47.1
57.1
1.0
6.7
93.3
September
2008
-------
Table P-6 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 GM Marketing Group's Pickups
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1975
14 .3
11.4
13. 4
12.2
4073
321
148
13.1
1976
14 . 6
11.7
13.3
12.4
4193
329
142
13. 8
1977
15 .2
12.5
13. 4
12.9
4214
325
145
13. 6
1978
14 .7
12.2
12.8
12.5
4248
322
151
13.2
1979
15 .2
12. 6
13. 4
12.9
4495
304
132
15.4
1980
18 .5
14.7
17.1
15.7
4157
269
131
14.4
1981
20.0
15.9
18.5
17. 0
4012
259
129
14.4
1982
21.9
17.2
20.7
18. 6
3850
244
128
14.0
1983
21.3
16.6
20.5
18.2
3931
244
130
13. 9
1984
20.7
16.1
20.0
17. 6
3962
243
128
14.2
1985
20.4
15.9
19.6
17. 4
3926
241
133
13.7
1986
20.8
16.3
19.7
17.7
3893
238
134
13. 4
1987
21.3
16.4
20.5
18.1
3751
231
142
12.8
1988
20.4
15.5
19.6
17.2
4013
270
160
12.2
1989
20.5
15. 6
19.7
17.3
3976
275
165
11.8
1990
19.2
14.4
18.4
16.1
4250
302
180
11.6
1991
21.4
15.9
20.6
17. 9
3845
257
156
12.0
1992
20.3
15.0
19.6
17. 0
4088
276
167
11.8
1993
20.2
14.8
19.4
16.8
4189
281
173
11.7
1994
20.0
14.7
19.1
16.6
4256
287
179
11.5
1995
20.2
14.7
19.1
16.7
4270
278
173
11.9
1996
21.3
15.4
20.3
17. 6
4304
273
197
11.0
1997
20.5
14.7
19.6
16.9
4597
289
213
10.8
1998
21.1
15.0
20.1
17.3
4311
267
201
10.9
1999
19.8
14.2
18.4
16.2
4763
293
228
10.5
2000
20.8
14.9
19.2
16.9
4401
272
219
10.4
2001
20.4
14.5
18.7
16.5
4592
279
227
10.3
2002
19.1
13.5
17.5
15.4
4988
302
257
9.8
2003
20.1
14.0
18.4
16.2
4713
277
235
10.3
2004
20.0
14.0
18.1
16.1
4951
302
2 62
9.6
2005
20.4
14.1
18.8
16.4
4891
289
2 63
9.5
2006
20.7
14.3
19.0
16.6
4878
287
260
9.6
2007
20.3
14.0
18.8
16.4
5213
298
276
9.6
2008
21.0
14.4
19.5
16.9
5219
300
280
9.6
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
HP/
HP/
TON-
CID
WT
MPG
468
. 0362
29.6
438
. 0338
31.1
459
. 0345
32.5
479
. 0355
31.9
460
. 0294
35.0
516
. 0314
38.9
511
. 0318
40.5
547
. 0334
42.3
556
. 0332
42.2
550
. 0323
41.3
570
. 0337
40.4
587
. 0345
40.8
628
. 0371
40.2
605
. 0393
41.2
608
. 0409
41.0
602
. 0420
41.0
614
. 0400
41.2
614
. 0406
41.6
624
. 0413
42.2
643
. 0420
42.9
655
. 0403
43.6
740
. 0452
46.2
751
. 0459
47.2
770
. 0457
45.9
785
. 0477
47.1
808
. 0489
45.9
815
. 0488
46.7
846
. 0515
47.5
848
. 0492
47.2
872
. 0530
49.5
917
. 0537
49.9
912
. 0531
50.4
92 6
. 0528
53.0
929
. 0533
54.7
September 2008
TOP
SPEED
116
113
114
115
108
109
110
111
111
110
112
112
116
119
121
124
120
121
123
124
122
129
131
129
134
134
135
140
136
142
143
142
143
144
P-ll
-------
Table P-6 (Continued)
Percent of GM Pickups:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL
1975
10.4
35.7
1976
18. 6
31.1
1977
19.7
26.5
1978
27.4
27.2
2
1979
5.9
32.4
5
1980
21.4
39.4
54.7
9
1981
13. 8
38. 6
60.3
8
1982
10.5
35. 6
64.3
14
1983
22.4
34.0
65.8
7
1984
21.9
31.4
68.0
5
1985
21.8
31.0
64.7
12.5
2
1986
22.2
34.5
59.2
31.0
2
1987
23.7
36.4
54.3
88.4
1
1988
27.7
29.1
61.7
1.4
95.8
1989
27.0
33.2
64.2
1.9
94.8
1990
31.7
29.7
63. 4
2.6
92.0
1991
22.7
45.2
54.8
.7
95.9
1992
26.2
39.1
60. 9
1.2
94.2
1993
.0 27.6
29.0
71.0
1.5
95.9
1994
33.1
21.8
78.2
17.1
80.8
1995
33.5
32.3
67.7
25.4
74. 6
1996
30.6
23.3
76.7
99.5
1997
37.1
18.5
81.5
99. 8
1998
36.3
21.2
78.8
99. 9
1999
56.9
9.3
90.7
100. 0
2000
41.2
9.5
90.5
100. 0
2001
38.8
6.5
93.5
100. 0
2002
51.4
2.3
97.7
100. 0
2003
42.5
6.3
93.7
100. 0
2004
50.3
2.8
97.2
100. 0
2005
48.7
4.3
95.7
100. 0
2006
44.7
4.3
95.7
100. 0
2007
45.3
1.8
98.2
100. 0
2008
47.6
2.6
97. 4
100. 0
.5
. 4
.5
.3
.3
.5
.2
. 1
. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-12
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
6.8
93.2
4.8
95.2
7.0
93. 0
6.4
93. 6
10.4
89.6
17.2
82.8
14.9
85.1
3.5
36.4
60.1
3.3
37. 9
58.8
5.8
35.3
58.9
4.2
38.8
57.0
12.1
30.3
57.6
54.6
45.4
36.7
63.3
39.4
60. 6
20.4
79.6
52.4
47.6
35.8
64.2
31.3
68.7
30.3
69.7
100. 0
35. 6
64.4
100. 0
36.9
63.1
100. 0
30.0
70.0
100. 0
39.2
60. 8
100. 0
22.3
77.7
99. 6
. 4
30.0
70.0
100. 0
21.9
78.1
100. 0
15.4
84.6
100. 0
28.3
71.7
86.7
13.3
13.3
. 0
9.5
90.5
78.4
21.6
21.6
. 1
10.9
89.1
80.9
19.1
19.1
. 4
9.7
90.3
94.7
5.3
11.4
. 1
5.7
94.3
94.7
5.3
16.3
7.4
92. 6
September 2008
-------
Table P-7 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 GM Marketing Group's Trucks
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1975
14.1
11.3
12.9
12.0
4159
321
147
13. 4
1976
14 .3
11.6
13. 0
12.2
4265
331
142
14.0
1977
15.1
12.5
13.3
12.8
4266
328
146
13.7
1978
14 .5
12.0
12.7
12.3
4301
326
152
13.2
1979
14 .5
12.0
12. 6
12.3
4585
314
134
15.5
1980
17.9
14.2
16.6
15.2
4252
278
135
14.4
1981
19.4
15.5
18.0
16.5
4118
266
132
14.3
1982
21.0
16.6
19.8
17. 9
4028
257
132
14.1
1983
20.7
16.1
19.9
17. 6
4128
254
134
14.2
1984
20.2
15.7
19.5
17.2
4131
249
131
14.4
1985
20.2
15. 6
19.5
17.2
4063
242
134
14.0
1986
20.2
15.7
19.2
17.1
4049
242
137
13.7
1987
20.5
15.7
19.8
17. 4
4004
242
149
12.8
1988
20.2
15.4
19.5
17.1
4118
267
160
12.4
1989
20.4
15.5
19.6
17.2
4096
275
165
12.0
1990
19.7
14.9
19.0
16.6
4270
279
168
12.3
1991
21.2
15.8
20.4
17.7
3985
255
155
12.4
1992
20.3
15.1
19.6
17. 0
4158
266
165
12.1
1993
20.3
14.9
19.5
16.9
4289
273
177
11.7
1994
20.2
14.9
19.2
16.8
4335
272
179
11.7
1995
20.1
14.7
19.1
16.7
4388
270
178
11.8
1996
20.8
15.1
19.8
17.2
4455
270
198
11.1
1997
20.4
14.7
19.5
16.8
4624
279
210
10.9
1998
21.2
15.1
20.1
17. 4
4357
260
200
10.8
1999
20.3
14.5
18.9
16.6
4608
276
215
10.7
2000
20.7
14.8
19.2
16.9
4521
266
212
10.7
2001
20.4
14.5
18.7
16.5
4685
269
221
10.6
2002
19.8
13. 9
18.5
16.1
4922
279
250
9.9
2003
20.2
14.0
18.9
16.4
4869
269
241
10.3
2004
20.2
14.0
18.7
16.3
5002
284
260
9.7
2005
20.8
14.2
19.3
16.7
4926
272
255
9.8
2006
21.3
14.5
19.8
17.1
4795
262
250
9.8
2007
20.9
14.2
19.7
16.9
5222
286
278
9.6
2008
21.6
14. 6
20.4
17. 4
5112
277
275
9.5
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
HP/
HP/
TON-
CID
WT
MPG
464
. 0354
29.8
435
. 0334
31.1
454
. 0343
32.7
476
. 0355
31.9
447
. 0292
34.1
509
. 0317
38.4
510
. 0320
40.4
535
. 0331
42.5
548
. 0325
43.1
548
. 0316
41.9
572
. 0329
41.3
589
. 0338
41.1
634
. 0369
41.1
614
. 0386
41.9
608
. 0400
41.9
612
. 0391
42.3
616
. 0386
42.2
633
. 0396
42.3
660
. 0412
43.4
681
. 0413
43.9
686
. 0406
44.4
750
. 0440
46.5
768
. 0452
47.2
791
. 0456
46.3
791
. 0463
46.8
805
. 0465
46.8
830
. 0468
47.7
904
. 0507
48.8
900
. 0490
49.1
927
. 0520
50.5
945
. 0517
51.0
961
. 0519
51.0
976
. 0531
54.5
004
. 0536
55.1
September 2008
TOP
SPEED
115
112
114
115
108
110
110
111
111
110
111
112
116
119
121
120
118
120
123
123
122
128
130
129
131
131
132
139
136
141
140
140
144
144 1
P-13
-------
Table P-7 (Continued)
Percent of GM Trucks:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN
YEAR FRONT 4WD
1975
14.5
1976
22.0
1977
22. 6
1978
28.0
1979
9.7
1980
21.9
1981
14.7
1982
12.5
1983
27.9
1984
30.1
1985
30.6
1986
. 0
29.8
1987
30.5
1988
31.9
1989
32.8
1990
10.1
30.6
1991
4.7
32.4
1992
6.5
31.2
1993
5.1
33. 6
1994
5.1
39.0
1995
5.7
42.7
1996
3.1
44.6
1997
7.9
43.8
1998
10.3
41.8
1999
9.2
45. 6
2000
9.2
45.9
2001
10.5
42.3
2002
9.3
53.0
2003
11.7
47.6
2004
9.8
52.3
2005
14.4
50.7
2006
17.7
48.6
2007
13.5
48.0
2008
17. 9
48.9
TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL
32.3
28.3
24.0
23.3
1.8
27.9
4.0
35.0
59.8
7.3
33.2
65.9
6.9
29.5
70.4
14.9
26.6
73. 4
8.8
24.5
74.7
5.1
22.1
75.5
7.9
2.3
25.7
69.7
40.4
2.0
22.5
67. 4
91.7
. 8
20.8
70.5
4.5
93. 6
.5
22.5
75.0
3.7
94.2
. 4
20.0
75.3
3.3
93.5
.5
29.7
70.3
1.5
96.4
.3
25.3
74.7
12.4
84.9
.2
18.4
81.6
22. 6
75.9
15.2
83.5
35.5
63.5
17.5
82.5
47.7
52.3
13.2
86.8
99. 8
.2
9.5
90.5
99. 9
. 1
12.1
87.9
99. 9
. 1
6.4
93. 6
100. 0
. 0
5.3
94.7
100. 0
3.5
96.5
100. 0
1.6
98.3 .1
100. 0
3.3
95.1 1.6
100. 0
1.9
97.4 .7
100. 0
2.3
97.6 .1
100. 0
2.4
97. 6
100. 0
1.0
99. 0
100. 0
1.1
98.4 .4
100. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-14
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICIiE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
5.2
21.6
73.1
3.8
20.5
75.7
5.5
19.4
75.1
4.8
24.2
71.1
7.8
17.2
75.0
13.7
17.1
69.2
12.0
17.3
70.7
2.8
47.0
50.3
2.1
57.2
40.7
3.4
57.6
39.0
2.2
63. 4
34.4
6.2
60. 0
74.1
58.9
33. 8
25.9
41.1
1.4
60. 8
37. 9
3.5
50.7
45.9
2.4
68.4
29.2
3.1
59.2
37.7
2.8
54.6
42. 6
4.2
52.2
43.6
93. 4
6.6
2.5
58.8
38.7
92.8
7.2
3.3
52.4
44.3
95.4
4.6
1.4
50.7
47.9
93. 4
6.6
5.5
56.6
37. 9
94.5
5.5
2.4
46.0
51.6
96.3
3.7
2.2
49.6
48.2
95.8
4.2
5.8
37. 8
56.4
77.5
22.5
17.9
2.2
23.6
74.3
78.5
21.5
16.5
1.7
30.0
68.4
69. 9
30.1
26.0
. 0
.5
17.7
81.8
71.5
28.5
27.1
. 0
16.3
83.7
58.2
41.8
32.8
.2
15.3
84.7
81.8
18.2
30.0
. 4
9.4
90. 6
70.6
29.4
40.6
. 6
8.3
91.7
September 2008
-------
Table P-8 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 GM Marketing Group's All
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1975
14.9
11.7
14.1
12.7
4427
338
150
13. 9
1976
16.1
12.7
15.1
13.7
4370
330
147
14.0
1977
17.2
13.7
15.9
14. 6
4199
317
145
13. 6
1978
17.9
14.2
16.6
15.2
3896
297
139
13.3
1979
18.0
14.4
16.5
15.3
3926
290
135
13.7
1980
21.3
16.6
20.4
18.1
3493
232
117
13. 9
1981
22 . 6
17.5
21.9
19.3
3537
232
114
14.4
1982
23.5
18.0
23.4
20.1
3488
220
115
14.2
1983
22.9
17.5
22.9
19.6
3579
228
120
13. 9
1984
23.5
17. 9
23.5
20.0
3495
216
118
13. 8
1985
24.0
18.2
24.2
20.5
3494
215
121
13. 6
1986
25 .2
19.0
25.2
21.4
3363
201
120
13.3
1987
25 .3
18.9
25.5
21.5
3383
203
129
12.7
1988
25 .2
18.8
25.3
21.3
3442
206
133
12.5
1989
24.8
18.3
24.8
20.9
3474
214
143
11.9
1990
24.5
17. 9
24.6
20.6
3559
212
146
12.0
1991
24.8
18.0
24.8
20.8
3498
211
144
11.9
1992
24.2
17. 4
24.4
20.3
3587
217
152
11.5
1993
24.3
17.5
24.2
20.3
3632
219
157
11.4
1994
24.1
17.3
23.7
20.0
3698
220
161
11.4
1995
23.9
17. 0
23.6
19.8
3758
223
170
10.9
1996
24.7
17. 4
24.3
20.4
3765
219
179
10.6
1997
24.4
17.2
23.9
20.1
3839
222
185
10.5
1998
24.5
17.1
23.9
20.1
3778
219
185
10.4
1999
23.8
16.6
22.9
19.5
3927
226
190
10.5
2000
24.0
16.6
23.0
19.5
3934
224
191
10.5
2001
23.9
16.6
22.7
19.4
4017
226
197
10.3
2002
23.2
16.0
22.0
18.8
4202
238
216
9.9
2003
23.2
15.8
21.9
18.7
4265
235
215
10.1
2004
23.4
15.9
22.2
18.9
4282
241
225
9.7
2005
23.9
16.0
22.5
19.2
4257
234
224
9.8
2006
24.4
16.4
23.0
19.6
4179
228
224
9.6
2007
23.8
16.0
22. 6
19.2
4487
242
241
9.6
2008
24.3
16.3
23.2
19.6
4428
238
243
9.4
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
HP/
HP/
TON-
CID
WT
MPG
454
. 0337
33.2
456
. 0333
35.4
465
. 0345
36.4
478
. 0355
35.3
485
. 0345
35.8
535
. 0334
37.3
520
. 0321
40.1
553
. 0329
41.3
553
. 0335
41.1
578
. 0337
41.2
590
. 0345
42.2
628
. 0355
42. 6
663
. 0378
43.0
679
. 0384
43.8
696
. 0409
43.3
724
. 0408
43.8
719
. 0410
43.5
740
. 0424
43.6
753
. 0432
44.2
768
. 0433
44.7
805
. 0455
45.2
843
. 0473
46.5
863
. 0481
46.8
864
. 0486
46.4
863
. 0481
46.7
869
. 0482
47.2
CO
CO
CO
. 0489
48.1
917
. 0512
48.7
932
. 0502
49.4
952
. 0523
50.1
969
. 0523
50.7
000
. 0534
51.0
012
. 0534
53.2
044
. 0547
53.8
September 2008
TOP
SPEED
113
113
114
114
113
110
108
109
110
110
111
112
115
116
119
119
119
121
123
123
126
129
130
130
130
131
132
136
135
138
138
139 1
140 1
142 1
P-15
-------
Table P-8 (Continued)
Percent of GM All:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
1975
2.2
2.9
12.1
2.1
1976
2.2
4.6
11.5
1.5
1977
2.1
4.2
7.7
1.2
1978
2.1
6.0
9.7
1.7
. 9
1979
3.5
1.9
10.7
4.2
1.8
2.9
1980
24.2
2.8
15.9
25.3
. 6
. 9
5.0
1981
22.3
2.0
12. 6
60.1
.2
3.3
7.9
1982
30.7
2.3
12.9
86.9
. 4
16.7
7.8
1983
30.1
5.5
11.0
88.7
.7
23.1
3.4
1984
36.5
5.8
12.2
87.3
1.3
27.0
1.7
1985
47.0
7.1
10.4
88.3
13. 9
28.9
.7
1986
56.5
6.5
13.2
84.1
21.0
38.3
. 4
1987
59.1
7.2
11.6
84.1
29.9
50.5
.2
1988
62.2
9.4
13. 4
82.5
37.3
53.6
.2
1989
61.2
10.3
12.7
85.2
40.1
56.3
. 1
1990
69.2
9.2
11.5
86.2
48.7
49.6
. 1
1991
59.8
11.0
16.9
81.4
37. 9
61. 4
. 1
1992
63. 4
10.2
14.3
83.7
59.0
40.1
. 1
1993
62.0
11.9
13.1
85.9
62. 6
36.8
1994
56.0
15.5
12.5
86.0
70.2
29.3
1995
56.8
17. 0
12.5
86.8
77.7
22.3
1996
58.1
17. 0
10.6
89.4
99. 9
. 1
1997
60. 4
17. 8
9.1
89.8
98.5
1.5
. 0
1998
59.9
17.5
9.0
90. 4
99.7
.3
. 0
1999
58.1
19.8
6.5
92. 6
99. 8
.2
. 0
2000
54.8
21.0
5.1
93. 0
99. 9
. 1
2001
55.7
19.5
4.4
94.0
100. 0
2002
50.1
27.8
3.8
95.8
. 1
100. 0
2003
47.4
27.3
3.8
95.1
1.1
100. 0
2004
48.1
28.8
3.6
95.7
.7
100. 0
2005
49.7
27.7
3.8
96.0
. 0
100. 0
2006
54.1
24.8
4.6
95.4
100. 0
2007
47.9
26.9
3.4
96.6
100. 0
2008
50.2
27.2
4.6
95.2
.2
1.0 99.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-16
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICIiE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
34.5
25.1
40.4
35.9
26.0
38.1
33. 0
25.1
41.9
24.4
33. 9
41.6
22.2
35.9
41.9
28.6
47.2
24.2
24.5
48.3
27.2
29.0
44.6
26.4
22.1
48.6
29.4
30.4
45.0
24.6
25.9
46.0
28.1
33. 9
41.6
24.6
31.5
42. 6
26.0
35.0
36.9
28.1
28.2
42.7
29.1
28.8
41.4
29.7
30.5
44.9
24.6
31.2
38. 6
30.2
31.9
38.3
29.8
33.5
36.2
30.3
84.7
15.3
28.8
43.2
28.0
81.5
18.5
32.1
39.8
28.0
80.7
19.3
29.1
39.7
31.1
82.8
17.2
25.0
48.8
26.2
79.7
20.3
26.9
42.8
30.2
82.5
17.5
.8
23.2
42.5
34.3
82.8
17.2
1.2
24.6
37. 8
37. 6
75.4
24.6
10.0
21.4
28.5
50.1
70.3
29.7
10.9
17.2
32.4
50.4
62.7
37.3
16.9
. 0
19.3
23.6
57.1
65.8
34.2
19.2
. 0
18.2
24.5
57.3
56.6
43.4
27.6
. 1
23.3
21.4
55.3
68.0
32.0
37.4
.2
21.9
16.4
61.7
56.0
44.0
47.0
. 4
21.0
16.2
62.7
September 2008
-------
Table P-9
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Ford Marketing Group's Cars
YEAR < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/
LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPEED CID WT
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
TON CU-FT CU-FT-
-MPG -MPG TON-MPG
1975
14 .2
11.0
13. 8
12.1
4087
295
137
14.4
111
.484
0.0329
29.6
1976
16.9
13.3
15.9
14.4
4147
295
128
15 .3
108
.453
0.0304
35.1
1977
16.9
13.3
16.0
14.4
4248
106.7
310
139
14 .2
111
.469
0.0325
36.0
1830
3848
1978
18.9
14. 6
18.4
16.1
3818
107. 4
272
128
14.0
110
.498
0.0330
36.1
2109
3892
1979
19.4
15.1
18.8
16.5
3553
106.5
240
118
13.9
110
.531
0.0332
34.4
2111
3690
1980
22 .7
17.5
22.1
19.3
3110
100. 9
193
102
14.0
107
.570
0.0328
35 .3
2314
3597
1981
23.7
18.4
22.8
20.2
3030
107.2
182
100
13.9
107
. 600
0.0329
36.1
2607
3877
1982
24.9
19.1
24.5
21.2
3005
101.3
172
96
14 .5
106
. 606
0.0315
37.7
2577
3827
1983
24.1
18.5
23.9
20.6
3151
106. 0
195
107
13.8
109
.591
0.0335
38 .3
2631
4089
1984
25 .5
19.6
25.1
21.8
3146
107.3
191
106
13.9
108
.598
0.0334
40.5
2824
4359
1985
26.1
20.1
25. 6
22.3
3150
107.3
190
117
12.9
112
. 657
0.0366
41.5
2893
4472
1986
26.7
20.4
26.3
22.7
3171
107. 4
184
118
12.8
113
. 680
0.0367
42 . 6
2929
4588
1987
26.7
20.1
26.7
22.7
3177
107.5
181
114
13.2
111
. 671
0.0355
42 . 6
2922
4595
1988
27.1
20.3
26.8
22.9
3211
109.1
183
125
12 .5
115
.722
0.0384
43.6
3020
4779
1989
27.1
20.2
26.8
22.9
3249
110.3
180
119
12.9
113
.708
0.0364
44.1
3040
4888
1990
26.7
19.7
26.4
22.5
3334
109. 9
185
124
12.8
114
.718
0.0371
44 . 6
2975
4928
1991
27.4
20.1
26.9
22.9
3245
109. 9
175
131
12 .2
117
.777
0.0397
44 . 6
3066
4931
1992
27.0
19.5
26.8
22.5
3380
113. 4
192
144
11.8
120
.768
0.0417
45 . 6
3086
5206
1993
27.7
19.9
27.3
23.0
3290
110.7
181
138
12.0
119
.787
0.0412
45 . 6
3102
5072
1994
27.1
19.3
27.0
22.5
3382
111.5
191
144
11.8
120
.780
0.0419
45.9
3069
5141
1995
27.6
19.4
27.7
22.9
3367
110. 9
185
150
11.5
122
.842
0.0435
46.7
3118
5181
1996
26.6
18. 6
26.6
22.0
3441
112.4
188
156
11.2
124
.857
0.0446
45.9
3026
5164
1997
27.0
18.7
26.9
22.3
3400
112.5
187
155
11.2
124
.850
0.0446
46.0
3074
5178
1998
27.5
19.0
27.2
22. 6
3338
109.5
177
154
10.9
124
.899
0.0454
45.9
3038
5029
1999
27.4
18.8
27.0
22.4
3371
109. 9
179
162
10.5
127
.939
0.0476
46.3
3037
5096
2000
27.1
18. 6
26.3
22.1
3433
111.3
184
175
10.3
131
.965
0.0499
46.7
3049
5198
2001
26.9
18.3
26.1
21.9
3454
111. 8
185
169
10.5
129
.941
0.0484
46.6
3043
5219
2002
27.2
18.5
25.9
22.0
3447
110.7
179
170
10.4
129
.974
0.0487
47.0
3051
5210
2003
26.9
18.1
25.5
21.6
3584
113.5
191
183
10.1
132
.977
0.0505
48.1
3083
5484
2004
26.2
17.5
25.0
21.1
3651
112.5
197
195
9.6
136
1.024
0.0534
47.8
2977
5410
2005
27.4
18.3
25.5
21.8
3601
114.5
185
187
9.9
133
1.055
0.0516
49.4
3179
5681
2006
27.4
18.3
25.9
21.9
3603
113. 4
185
193
9.6
136
1.081
0.0533
49.6
3156
5649
2007
28.3
18.8
26.6
22. 6
3527
112.5
176
186
9.8
134
1.088
0.0523
50.2
3252
5667
2008
27.4
18.1
26.2
22.0
3657
112.5
190
207
9.2
140
1.127
0.0561
50.5
3160
5704
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-17
September 2008
-------
Table P-9 (Continued)
Percent of Ford Cars:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
1975
17.5
2.3
1976
14.5
1.5
1977
11.0
1.3
1978
5.0
16.6
1.4
1979
3.2
21.3
1.5
1980
5.7
35.1
13. 0
2.9
1.2
.2
1981
23.1
31.0
20.7
3.1
5.1
. 1
1982
37.2
37.5
36.0
3.8
4.2
.7
1983
29.2
28.4
48.8
7.3
23.3
. 4
1984
44.3
25.1
44.5
21.4
26.6
1.8
1985
43.3
26.1
42.5
6.6
58.8
.7
1986
51.3
27.7
42. 6
47.0
30.5
.3
1987
58.8
25.9
44.3
56.9
43.0
.2
1988
58.8
24.8
50.6
79.3
16.9
1989
63.5
. 6
22.3
53.4
86.9
11.2
1990
60.7
. 1
18.7
57.7
91. 8
8.2
1991
68.1
. 0
20.2
64. 6
100. 0
1992
61.2
13.2
69. 8
100. 0
1993
67. 9
18.0
69.1
100. 0
1994
62. 6
15.7
74.5
100. 0
1995
67. 0
15.0
84.9
100. 0
1996
65.7
11.9
88.1
100. 0
1997
66.3
10.4
89.6
100. 0
1998
74.5
11.3
88.7
100. 0
1999
76.1
.2
11.0
89.0
100. 0
2000
66.4
11.6
88.4
100. 0
2001
68. 6
9.4
90. 6
100. 0
2002
70.8
2.6
10.3
89.7
100. 0
2003
62.3
2.4
11.8
88.2
100. 0
2004
54.2
3.8
12.9
87.1
100. 0
2005
64.2
4.9
11.3
85.3 3.4
100. 0
2006
67. 9
4.4
12.4
83.4 4.3
100. 0
2007
71.5
5.2
12.3
86.6 1.1
100. 0
2008
58.5
9.6
13.2
86.8
100. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-18
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
62.1
22.1
15.9
62. 6
20.5
16.9
60.3
20.4
19.3
36.3
46.5
17.2
45.5
36.2
18.3
57.6
29.6
12.8
50.0
34.2
15.8
61.1
23.4
15.5
62.1
20.3
17.5
70.3
14.1
15. 6
67. 8
14.4
17. 8
100. 0
69. 4
17. 6
13. 0
100. 0
65.4
21.1
13. 6
93.5
5.4
1.1
60. 0
23.3
16.8
85.4
13.2
1.4
52.8
31.4
15.8
85.1
9.1
5.8
48.2
34.8
16.9
81.4
8.3
10.3
53.6
30.9
15.5
84.7
4.4
11.0
42.7
33. 6
23.6
78. 6
21.4
1.3
47.3
39.2
13.5
76.8
23.2
1.1
43.9
38.9
17.2
66.0
34.0
9.7
48.7
37. 0
14.2
60.5
39.5
14 . 6
38.9
44.4
16.6
72. 6
27.4
7.3
39.7
40.9
19.4
58.0
42.0
22.1
52.4
32.7
14.9
51.5
48.5
15.1
46.7
36.4
16.9
57.3
42.7
11.8
47.6
18.4
34.0
59.0
41.0
14 .7
45.5
16.0
38.5
52.8
47.2
16.5
51.6
16.5
31.9
57.0
43.0
22 . 6
44.4
13.3
42.3
49.8
50.2
34.8
45. 6
15.9
38.4
38.8
4.4
56.8
45.4
47.4
12. 6
40.0
31.5
6.3
62.2
58.5
41.4
25.4
33.2
26.1
5.0
68.9
34 .5
49.7
25.4
24.9
21.8
6.6
71.6
31.8
45.8
29.2
25.0
September 2008
-------
Table P-10 Characteristics of 1975 to
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
VOL
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CU-FT
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1975
14.1
10.8
13. 9
12.0
4201
1976
16.5
13. 0
15.7
14.1
4469
1977
16.4
12.8
15.9
14.0
4339
142.3
1978
18 . 6
14.5
17. 9
15.9
3819
140. 6
1979
19.9
15. 6
19.1
17. 0
3537
138.4
1980
23.0
17. 9
22.1
19.6
3190
133.3
1981
25.4
19.6
24.8
21.6
2926
127.1
1982
25.4
19.6
24.7
21.6
3071
128.8
1983
25.8
19.8
25.5
22.0
3115
130.2
1984
26.1
20.2
25. 6
22.3
3188
132. 6
1985
26.8
20.8
26.0
22.9
3149
131.7
1986
27.3
20.8
26.9
23.2
3190
134.0
1987
26.7
20.1
26.5
22. 6
3272
136. 6
1988
26.5
19.8
26.5
22.4
3294
136. 8
1989
25.8
19.0
25.9
21.7
3376
139.7
1990
25 .3
18.5
25.4
21.3
3457
141. 6
1991
28 . 6
20.8
28.6
24.0
3221
136.2
1992
28.3
20.2
28.8
23.7
3295
138.1
1993
31.0
22.2
30.5
25.7
3034
128. 6
1994
30.8
21.8
30.8
25.5
3079
129.1
1995
30.8
21.7
30.3
25.4
3044
128.3
1996
27.5
19.3
27.2
22.7
3526
132.0
1997
29.2
20.4
28.6
24.0
3306
129. 8
1998
27.5
19.1
26.8
22.5
3477
131. 4
1999
27.2
18.8
26.6
22.2
3582
135.1
2000
27.6
19.1
26.3
22.4
3571
135.8
2001
26.9
18.7
25.0
21.7
3623
135.0
2002
27.8
19.2
25.7
22.3
3602
135.1
2003
27.9
19.0
25.9
22.3
3553
134.2
2004
26.3
17. 8
24.5
21.1
3772
137. 4
2005
27.9
18.8
25.7
22.2
3567
135.2
2006
27.8
18.8
25.4
22.0
3586
137. 9
2007
27.6
18.7
25.3
21.9
3593
136.3
2008
25.0
16.7
23.8
20.1
4062
125.3
Marketing Group's Wagons
0-60
TOP
HP/
HP/
TON
CU-FT
CU-FT-
TIME
SPEED
CID
WT
-MPG
-MPG
TON-MP<
14 . 6
110
.539
0.0317
30.3
14 .7
110
.509
0.0309
37.0
14.0
112
.528
0.0327
35.9
2402
5098
14 .5
109
.508
0.0317
35 .5
2642
5007
14.8
106
.533
0.0307
35.4
2778
4889
14 .5
106
.5 63
0.0311
36.8
3086
4899
14.0
106
.738
0.0326
37.4
3289
4740
15.1
104
. 624
0.0297
39.2
3323
5040
14.9
104
. 624
0.0302
40.1
3383
5240
14 .7
106
. 616
0.0310
42.0
3521
5556
13.5
110
. 682
0.0346
42 .5
3587
5586
13.0
112
.725
0.0360
43.6
3688
5855
13.0
113
.750
0.0363
43.7
3669
5972
12 . 6
114
.760
0.0377
43.8
3650
5991
12 . 6
115
.736
0.0376
43.5
3609
6083
12 .3
116
.764
0.0386
43.7
3584
6190
12.9
113
.763
0.0367
46.3
3938
6298
12 . 6
114
.754
0.0376
46.8
3944
6458
13.3
110
.761
0.0350
47.2
4038
6067
12.9
113
.803
0.0371
47.8
4049
6157
13.1
112
.800
0.0362
47.2
4016
6045
12 .5
117
.896
0.0390
48.4
3660
6412
12.1
116
.891
0.0395
48.2
3846
6271
11.4
122
1.012
0.0429
47.7
3661
6279
11.3
123
.987
0.0432
48 . 6
3709
6580
11.8
121
1.014
0.0416
49.3
3802
6701
10.8
126
1.155
0.0460
48.9
3701
6599
10.9
125
1.130
0.0452
49.9
3785
6747
10.8
125
1.127
0.0453
49.5
3777
6642
10.0
132
1.210
0.0502
49.7
3633
6825
10.2
130
1.203
0.0490
49.8
3822
6731
10.3
129
1.210
0.0483
49.9
3861
6872
10.3
129
1.211
0.0480
49.8
3820
6779
9.9
134
1.180
0.0504
51.1
3176
6386
2008 Ford
ENGINE
CID HP
284 133
297 138
299 144
254 122
220 109
190 100
144 94
162 92
167 95
179 100
176 110
166 116
165 120
172 125
181 128
182 134
160 120
170 125
144 107
146 116
141 112
155 139
147 131
149 151
159 156
148 150
146 167
146 163
145 162
157 189
146 175
143 174
143 174
174 206
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-19
September 2008
-------
Table P-10 (Continued)
Percent Of Ford Wagons:
MODEL
DRIVETRAIN
TRANSMISSION
FUEL
METERING
YEAR
FRONT
4WD
MANUAL
LOCK CVT
GDI
PORT
TBI
DSL
1975
21.2
7.8
1976
12.4
5.8
1977
15.3
9.1
1978
12.7
4.9
1979
19.0
4.4
1980
29.1
6.6
5.8
1.0
1981
55.3
41.2
9.5
6.6
. 1
.2
1982
46.9
31.8
40.5
7.3
2.6
1983
43.8
27.4
32.5
10.6
15.2
. 6
1984
39.6
22.4
46.0
13. 6
39.7
3.8
1985
44.1
22.1
42.8
12. 6
42.0
2.1
1986
65.2
18.3
49.5
55.2
7.4
1.3
1987
76.2
13. 8
56.7
71.7
28.3
1988
77. 4
8.9
61.1
60.7
39.3
1989
75.3
6.0
69. 4
85.0
15.0
1990
72.2
3.2
77. 4
90. 4
9.6
1991
84.3
8.2
85.0
100. 0
1992
86.7
8.6
84.5
100. 0
1993
93. 6
19.0
77. 6
100. 0
1994
94.5
17. 0
81.3
100. 0
1995
97.1
15.3
84.3
100. 0
1996
96.8
8.1
91. 9
100. 0
1997
97. 4
9.1
90. 9
100. 0
1998
78.8
18.7
4.9
95.1
100. 0
1999
87.3
12.7
2.9
97.1
100. 0
2000
86.4
13. 6
.3
99.7
100. 0
2001
74.3
25.7
1.9
98.1
100. 0
2002
77. 8
22.2
2.3
97.7
100. 0
2003
86.5
13. 0
2.2
97. 8
100. 0
2004
64.1
35.9
2.8
97.2
100. 0
2005
70.3
29.7
4.5
95.5
100. 0
2006
73.5
26.5
6.1
93. 9
100. 0
2007
69. 0
31.0
4.0
96.0
100. 0
2008
47.2
52.8
3.6
96.4
100. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-20
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICIiE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
36.2
44.0
19.7
29.2
48.4
22.4
28.0
35.2
36.8
19.3
53.6
27.1
27.1
45. 6
27.3
31.3
54.1
14. 6
59.8
30.6
9.5
49.6
36.7
13.7
46.1
38.7
15.2
40.2
41.4
18.4
45.0
35. 6
19.3
100. 0
37.1
51.8
11.1
100. 0
31.1
58.7
10.3
100. 0
29.5
60. 6
9.9
99. 0
1.0
20.4
69.5
10.1
98.1
1.9
9.6
83.8
6.6
99. 6
. 4
39.8
56.5
3.7
98.4
1.6
27.3
72.7
. 0
99.1
. 9
62.2
37. 8
. 0
92.3
7.7
3.9
56.1
43.9
. 0
90. 8
9.2
4.7
63.2
36.8
. 0
67. 0
33. 0
9.6
34.7
65.3
. 0
81.9
18.1
4 . 6
54.5
45.5
. 0
53.7
46.3
12 .3
38.4
61. 6
. 0
52. 6
47.4
11.8
24.0
76.0
. 0
52.4
47.6
24.1
7.3
92.7
. 0
14.3
85.7
72.0
3.9
96.1
. 0
16.0
84.0
70.9
2.9
97.1
. 0
14.5
85.5
60.0
13. 0
87.0
. 0
9.2
90. 8
79.8
3.9
96.1
. 0
6.3
93.7
91.3
11.5
88.5
. 0
100. 0
39.8
8.0
92.0
. 0
100. 0
73.1
7.2
92.8
. 0
100. 0
96.5
8.6
91. 4
. 0
September 2008
-------
Table P-ll Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Ford Marketing Group's Cars and Wagons
YEAR < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPEED CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975 14.2
1976 16.8
1977 16.8
1978 18.9
1979 19.5
1980 22.7
1981 23.9
1982 24.9
1983 24.3
1984 25.6
1985 26.2
1986 26.8
1987 26.7
1988 27.0
1989 27.0
1990 26.6
1991 27.5
1992 27.1
1993 28.0
1994 27.4
1995 27.9
1996 26.7
1997 27.2
1998 27.5
1999 27.4
2000 27.2
2001 26.9
2002 27.2
2003 26.9
2004 26.2
2005 27.4
2006 27.4
2007 28.3
2008 27.3
11.0 13.8
13.3 15.9
13.2 16.0
14.6 18.4
15.1 18.8
17.6 22.1
18.6 23.1
19.2 24.5
18.7 24.1
19.7 25.1
20.2 25.7
20.5 26.4
20.1 26.6
20.2 26.8
20.1 26.8
19.6 26.3
20.1 27.1
19.6 26.9
20.2 27.7
19.5 27.3
19.6 27.9
18.7 26.6
18.9 27.0
19.0 27.1
18.8 26.9
18.6 26.3
18.3 26.0
18.6 25.9
18.2 25.5
17.6 24.9
18.4 25.5
18.3 25.9
18.8 26.6
18.1 26.1
12.1 4103
14.3 4187
14.3 4256
16.1 3818
16.6 3551
19.4 3118
20.4 3011
21.3 3013
20.8 3146
21.8 3150
22.3 3150
22.8 3173
22.7 3188
22.9 3218
22.8 3259
22.4 3343
23.0 3243
22.6 3373
23.3 3258
22.8 3351
23.1 3335
22.1 3447
22.4 3393
22.6 3347
22.4 3383
22.1 3441
21.9 3465
22.0 3457
21.7 3582
21.1 3660
21.9 3599
21.9 3602
22.6 3529
21.9 3671
293
295
109.7 309
111.0 270
109.8 238
104.4 193
110.7 176
105.0 170
109.3 192
109.9 190
109.5 189
110.2 182
110.9 179
111.5 182
112.6 180
112.2 185
112.2 173
115.4 190
112.9 176
113.4 186
112.6 180
113.7 186
113.9 184
110.8 175
111.3 178
112.7 182
113.4 182
112.2 177
114.6 189
114.3 194
115.5 183
114.6 183
113.4 175
112.9 190
137 14.4
130 15.2
140 14.2
127 14.0
117 14.0
102 14.0
99 14.0
95 14.6
105 14.0
105 13.9
116 12.9
117 12.9
115 13.2
125 12.5
120 12.9
125 12.8
130 12.3
142 11.9
134 12.1
141 11.9
146 11.6
155 11.3
153 11.3
154 11.0
162 10.6
173 10.4
169 10.5
170 10.4
182 10.2
195 9.7
186 9.9
192 9.6
185 9.8
207 9.2
111
.492
0
108
.460
0
111
.474
0
110
.499
0
109
.531
0
107
.569
0
107
. 624
0
105
. 608
0
108
.595
0
108
. 600
0
112
. 659
0
113
. 684
0
111
. 681
0
115
.725
0
113
.710
0
114
.722
0
116
.776
0
120
.767
0
118
.783
0
119
.782
0
121
.838
0
123
.860
0
123
.853
0
124
.906
0
127
.942
0
130
.967
0
128
.956
0
129
.983
0
132
.985
0
136
1.037
0
133
1.062
0
135
1.087
0
134
1.093
0
139
1.129
0
.0327 29.7
.0305 35.4
.0325 36.0
.0329 36.1
.0329 34.5
.0326 35.4
.0328 36.3
.0313 37.9
.0331 38.5
.0332 40.7
.0364 41.6
.0366 42.7
.0356 42.7
.0383 43.6
.0365 44.0
.0372 44.5
.0394 44.7
.0414 45.7
.0405 45.8
.0414 46.1
.0428 46.7
.0443 46.1
.0442 46.2
.0453 46.1
.0473 46.4
.0494 46.8
.0482 46.8
.0485 47.1
.0502 48.2
.0532 47.9
.0515 49.4
.0531 49.6
.0521 50.2
.0559 50.5
1880
3956
2166
4012
2179
3813
2396
3737
2728
4029
2677
3989
2731
4242
2897
4485
2956
4573
3009
4723
3009
4755
3073
4880
3083
4980
3021
5023
3143
5051
3156
5307
3218
5195
3170
5246
3206
5265
3070
5250
3137
5268
3076
5106
3074
5179
3093
5286
3087
5311
3097
5306
3119
5544
3023
5507
3211
5732
3191
5709
3275
5711
3161
5727
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-21
September 2008
-------
Table P-ll (Continued)
Percent Of Ford Cars and Wagons:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
1975
18.0
3.0
1976
14.2
2.0
1977
11.3
2.0
1978
4.5
16.2
1.8
1979
2.9
21.1
1.8
1980
5.1
34.4
12.3
3.2
1.1
.3
1981
28.8
32.8
18.8
3.8
4.2
. 1
1982
38.5
36.8
36.6
4.3
3.6
1.0
1983
31.2
28.3
46.6
7.7
22.2
. 4
1984
43.8
24.8
44.7
20.6
28.0
2.0
1985
43.4
25.8
42.5
7.2
57.3
. 8
1986
52.7
26.7
43.4
47.9
28.0
. 4
1987
60. 8
24.5
45.8
58.6
41.3
.2
1988
60. 4
23.5
51.5
77.7
18.7
1989
64.4
. 6
21.1
54.6
86.8
11.5
1990
61.5
. 1
17.5
59.1
91.7
8.3
1991
69.5
. 0
19.2
66.4
100. 0
1992
63.3
12.8
71.0
100. 0
1993
71.1
18.1
70.2
100. 0
1994
65.9
15.8
75.2
100. 0
1995
69. 9
15.0
84.9
100. 0
1996
67. 8
11.6
88.4
100. 0
1997
68.9
10.3
89.7
100. 0
1998
74.7
1.2
10.9
89.1
100. 0
1999
76.7
. 9
10.6
89.4
100. 0
2000
67.5
. 8
10.9
89.1
100. 0
2001
69. 0
1.7
8.9
91.1
100. 0
2002
71.2
3.8
9.8
90.2
100. 0
2003
63. 6
2.9
11.3
88.7
100. 0
2004
54.8
6.0
12.2
87.8
100. 0
2005
64.5
6.2
11.0
85.8 3.3
100. 0
2006
68.2
5.5
12.1
83.9 4.1
100. 0
2007
71.4
6.3
12.0
CO
Ch
100. 0
2008
58.1
11.1
12.9
87.1
100. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-22
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
58.5
25.1
16.4
58.4
24.0
17. 6
57.5
21.7
20.8
34.5
47.3
18.3
43.6
37.2
19.3
54.8
32.2
13. 0
51.7
33. 6
14.7
59.6
25.2
15.2
60. 0
22.8
17.2
67.1
17. 0
15.9
65.8
16.3
17. 9
100. 0
66.0
21.3
12.8
100. 0
61. 4
25.5
13.2
94.0
5.0
1.0
57.4
26.4
16.2
86.4
12.2
1.4
50.3
34.3
15.3
86.1
8.4
5.5
45.4
38.5
16.1
83.0
7.6
9.4
52.4
33.2
14.5
85.8
4.0
10.2
41.5
36.8
21.7
81.1
18.9
1.1
49.1
39.1
11.8
78.4
21.6
1.4
45.2
39.4
15.4
68.4
31.6
9.2
50.1
37. 0
12.8
61. 0
39.0
14 .2
38. 6
45.9
15.5
73. 4
26.6
7.1
40.9
41.3
17. 8
57.7
42.3
21.5
51.5
34.5
14.0
51.5
48.5
15.0
45.4
38. 6
16.0
57.0
43.0
12 .5
45.2
22.7
32.0
56.0
44.0
18 .5
42.7
21.4
35.9
50.5
49.5
19.9
48.6
21.5
29.9
54.8
45.2
24.5
42.8
17.1
40.1
47.0
53.0
37.9
42.8
21.5
35.8
37.2
4.2
58.6
47.7
45. 6
16.3
38.1
29.9
6.0
64.0
57.6
39.8
28.7
31.6
25.1
4.8
70.1
36.0
48.0
28.1
23.9
21.1
6.4
72. 6
34.0
44.5
31.3
24.2
September 2008
-------
Table P-12 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Ford Marketing Group's Vans
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1975
12 . 6
10.0
11.7
10.7
4135
334
148
13.7
1976
13.4
10.6
12.7
11.4
4081
336
151
13.3
1977
15 .5
12.5
14.1
13.2
4110
343
158
12. 6
1978
15.0
12.2
13. 6
12.8
4088
335
145
13.3
1979
12.1
9.7
11.1
10.3
4665
336
163
13.5
1980
16.2
13. 0
14.9
13. 8
4625
314
132
15. 6
1981
16.8
13. 6
15.3
14.3
4509
310
128
15. 6
1982
16.2
13. 0
14.7
13. 8
4544
314
130
15.5
1983
16.3
12.9
15.1
13. 8
4516
313
134
15.1
1984
16.6
13.1
15. 6
14.1
4389
313
142
14.3
1985
16.2
12.8
15.2
13. 8
4464
311
145
14.3
1986
19.7
15.3
18.9
16.7
4218
242
131
14.8
1987
19. 6
15.0
19.0
16.6
4247
236
149
13.3
1988
19.4
14.8
18.8
16.4
4358
240
150
13.5
1989
20.0
15.1
19.4
16.9
4250
225
148
13.3
1990
19.5
14. 6
18.8
16.4
4269
230
154
13. 0
1991
19.9
14.8
19.2
16.7
4234
226
155
12.9
1992
19.9
14.7
19.2
16.6
4376
230
156
13.1
1993
20.9
15.2
20.3
17. 4
4266
218
157
12.7
1994
20.0
14. 6
19.4
16.7
4406
232
160
12.9
1995
21.6
15.5
21.3
18.0
4179
237
149
13.1
1996
21.4
15.3
20.8
17.7
4211
233
177
11.6
1997
20.7
14.7
20.1
17.1
4398
227
176
12.0
1998
22 .3
15. 6
21.6
18.3
4208
226
185
11.1
1999
20.9
14.7
20.2
17.2
4578
238
198
11.2
2000
21.8
15.2
20.8
17. 8
4470
225
196
11.1
2001
18 .5
12.9
17.7
15.2
5155
276
230
11.0
2002
22.1
15.3
20.7
17. 9
4508
232
202
10.9
2003
22.4
15.3
21.2
18.1
4519
232
204
10.8
2004
21.8
14.8
20.7
17. 6
4527
243
203
10.9
2005
23.5
16.0
21.7
18.8
4419
219
203
10.6
2006
22 .7
15.5
21.0
18.2
4496
228
208
10.6
2007
24.3
16.5
22.5
19.5
4340
207
201
10.6
2008
24.1
16.1
23.0
19.4
4500
213
2 65
8.7
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
HP/
HP/
TON-
CID
WT
MPG
434
0. 0356
26.4
444
0.0370
28.0
459
0.0385
32.2
430
0. 0354
31.2
480
0.0348
28.6
419
0. 0286
37. 9
413
0. 0284
38.3
416
0. 0288
37.1
429
0.0297
37.1
452
0.0324
36.8
464
0. 0325
36.4
570
0.0311
41.8
671
0. 0352
42.0
661
0. 0346
42.5
696
0. 0351
42.8
700
0.0363
41.8
713
0.0368
42.3
710
0.0359
43.6
747
0. 0371
44.6
716
0.0365
44.2
645
0.0358
45.3
774
0. 0424
45.2
784
0.0399
45.5
823
0. 0442
46.8
837
0.0433
48.1
886
0.0438
48.8
848
0. 0444
47.8
877
0. 0449
49.8
889
0.0453
50.7
846
0. 0448
49.3
952
0.0462
52.1
935
0.0464
51.2
994
0.0464
52.8
244
0. 0589
54.2
September 2008
TOP
SPEED
115
117
119
114
116
107
106
107
108
111
112
109
115
114
115
116
117
116
117
117
115
124
122
127
127
127
131
129
130
129
130
131
130
148 1
P-23
-------
Table P-12 (Continued)
Percent Of Ford Vans
MODEL DRIVETRAIN
YEAR FRONT 4WD
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
. 4
1990
20.0
1991
23.8
1992
8.6
1993
20.0
5.8
1994
17. 0
12.7
1995
66.4
16.7
1996
66.1
2.7
1997
39.7
5.2
1998
80.1
1.9
1999
73. 4
2000
85. 6
2001
20.4
28.3
2002
82.3
2003
83.3
2004
85.0
2005
70.6
18. 6
2006
64.7
12.8
2007
70.1
29.9
2008
73.2
26.8
TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL
31.4
24.8
17. 4
16.5
13. 9
23.7
24.3 .1
14.9
10.6 36.0
11.8 36.6
6.8 50.4
8.4 70.3 55.0
5.3 74.1 94.2
4.4 75.3 100.0
3.6 80.5 100.0
1.8 90.2 100.0
1.5 92.4 100.0
.9 93.9 100.0
.8 94.9 100.0
.5 93.7 100.0
96.8 100.0
96.2 100.0
100.0 100.0
100.0 100.0
100.0 100.0
100.0 100.0
100.0 100.0
100.0 100.0
100.0 100.0
100.0 100.0
61.2 38.8 100.0
64.6 35.4 100.0
38.1 61.9 100.0
100.0 100.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-24
NUMBER OF VALVES VEHICLE SIZE
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
49.0
51.0
55.5
44.5
54.7
45.3
66.1
33. 9
68.2
31.8
73.3
26.7
69.3
30.7
78.4
21.6
67.1
32.9
97.3
2.7
84.6
15.4
96.7
3.3
83.1
16.9
94. 6
5.4
66.6
33. 4
96.8
3.2
83.3
16.7
100. 0
73. 4
26.6
86.3
13.7
85. 6
14.4
86.4
13. 6
20.4
79.6
89.1
10.9
10.9
82.3
17.7
84.6
15.4
15.4
83.3
16.7
85.1
14.9
14.9
85.0
15.0
51.6
48.4
89.1
10.9
58.1
41.9
6.5
77.5
22.5
38.1
61. 9
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
September 2008
-------
Table P-13 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Ford Marketing Group's SUVs
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1975
10.6
8.5
9.7
9.0
5000
302
130
16.7
1976
13.7
11.0
12.5
11.6
5000
302
127
17. 0
1977
14 .5
11.9
12.8
12.3
5000
302
141
15.7
1978
13.2
10.6
12.2
11.2
5000
362
165
13. 9
1979
11.0
9.0
9.7
9.3
5000
351
177
13.1
1980
14.0
11.3
12. 6
11.8
4738
321
142
15.0
1981
15.1
12.2
13.7
12.8
4686
321
137
15.2
1982
14.8
12.0
13.2
12.5
4677
319
138
15.2
1983
15 .3
12.2
14.0
13. 0
4673
318
137
15.2
1984
18 .3
14. 6
17. 0
15. 6
3989
226
119
15.2
1985
18.8
14.8
17. 8
16.0
3978
226
127
14. 6
1986
19.8
15.4
19.0
16.8
3975
226
146
12.7
1987
20.4
15. 6
19.7
17.3
3908
215
144
12. 6
1988
20.1
15.4
19.2
16.9
3921
217
147
12.4
1989
19.2
14. 6
18.3
16.1
4319
235
151
13.2
1990
18 . 6
13. 9
18.2
15.7
4404
250
158
13. 0
1991
20.1
14.9
19.6
16.8
4371
237
172
12.0
1992
20.0
14.8
19.2
16.7
4360
238
171
12.1
1993
20.1
14.8
19.4
16.8
4373
240
173
12.0
1994
20.0
14. 6
19.2
16.6
4371
239
172
12.0
1995
19.4
14.2
18.5
16.1
4543
254
172
12.4
1996
19.5
14.0
19.0
16.2
4522
260
168
12. 6
1997
18 .7
13. 4
17. 9
15.4
4729
277
190
12.0
1998
18 .7
13.3
17. 9
15.4
4751
278
191
11.9
1999
18 .7
13.2
17. 9
15.4
4821
277
205
11.4
2000
18.8
13.2
18.0
15.4
4812
277
208
11.3
2001
21.2
14.9
20.0
17.3
4238
230
207
10.1
2002
20.1
14.0
18.9
16.3
4409
241
215
10.1
2003
19.5
13.5
18.5
15.9
4769
253
227
10.3
2004
19. 6
13.5
18.4
15.9
4804
251
228
10.4
2005
21.3
14.7
19.5
17.1
4519
224
223
10.1
2006
21.1
14.4
19.5
16.9
4797
233
233
10.2
2007
22 .2
15.1
20.8
17. 9
4592
218
239
9.8
2008
23.4
15.9
21.7
18.8
4402
203
226
9.7
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
HP/
HP/
TON-
CID
WT
MPG
430
0.0260
26.5
420
0.0253
34.5
467
0.0282
36.3
455
0.0330
33.1
504
0.0354
27.5
442
0.0300
33.2
428
0.0292
35.8
433
0.0295
34.9
431
0.0293
36.2
544
0.0296
36.8
568
0.0312
37. 8
680
0.0372
39.4
703
0.0375
40.0
708
0. 0380
39.4
676
0.0353
41.7
664
0.0360
41.3
727
0.0394
43.9
722
0.0393
43.7
724
0.0396
44.1
725
0.0396
43.8
680
0.0379
44.2
651
0.0372
44.3
683
0.0401
44.2
686
0.0401
44.4
741
0. 0427
44.9
748
0.0432
45.1
915
0.0493
45.1
909
0.0493
44.2
917
0. 0484
46.3
933
0. 0480
47.0
020
0.0493
48.2
017
0. 0484
50.6
130
0. 0521
51.2
133
0.0514
51.9
September 2008
TOP
SPEED
104
103
107
114
118
109
108
108
108
107
109
116
116
117
115
116
121
121
121
121
119
119
123
123
127
128
133
134
134
134
135 1
135 1
139 1
137 1
P-25
-------
Table P-13 (Continued)
Percent Of Ford SUVs:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL
1975
100. 0
36.1
1976
100. 0
33. 6
1977
100. 0
25.9
1978
100. 0
21.1
1979
100. 0
18. 6
1980
100. 0
28.2
1981
100. 0
33. 6
1982
100. 0
28.8
1983
100. 0
24.3
1984
100. 0
22. 6
1985
100. 0
38.1
38.4
5.9
1986
100. 0
30.2
59.9
87.7
1987
85.2
33. 6
56.0
94.1
1988
81.6
35.8
52. 6
100. 0
1989
82.3
32.3
54.6
100. 0
1990
83.7
26.2
73.7
100. 0
1991
76.8
17. 4
82. 6
100. 0
1992
71.7
14.3
85.7
100. 0
1993
71.6
12.0
88.0
100. 0
1994
73.1
9.7
90.3
100. 0
1995
77.2
5.7
94.3
100. 0
1996
69.1
4.4
95. 6
100. 0
1997
70.1
1.9
98.1
100. 0
1998
63.3
2.5
97.5
100. 0
1999
60.5
1.7
98.3
100. 0
2000
58.6
1.0
99. 0
100. 0
2001
33. 9
43.0
2.5
97.5
100. 0
2002
9.4
57.6
1.6
98.4
100. 0
2003
10.4
56.2
. 6
99. 4
100. 0
2004
11.5
59.0
.3
99.7
100. 0
2005
22.5
59.0
. 9
97. 6
1.5
100. 0
2006
19.5
59.8
. 9
95.8
3.3
100. 0
2007
33. 8
49.0
. 4
97.2
2.4
100. 0
2008
35.0
54.8
1.2
95.0
3.8
6.7 93.3
. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-26
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
96.5
3.5
100. 0
70.2
29.8
76.0
24.0
69.5
30.5
68.7
31.3
25.0
16.4
58.6
26.8
23.4
49.8
16.9
14.3
68.8
13. 8
7.2
79.0
VEHICLE SIZE
WT HYBRID SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
62.9
37.1
65.2
34.8
64.8
35.2
72.3
27.7
71.2
28.8
57.8
42.2
48.6
51.4
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
.5
99.5
.5
99.5
100. 0
. 4
61.2
38.4
57.5
42.5
56.0
44.0
55.9
44.1
69. 9
30.1
32.7
67.3
1.9
62.2
37. 8
5.1
57.7
42.3
24.5
1.5
67. 9
32.1
39.2
3.3
62.0
38.0
36.7
2.4
33.5
66.5
32 .5
3.8
51.7
48.3
September 2008
-------
Table P-14 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Ford Marketing Group's Pickups
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1975
12 . 6
10.0
11.8
10.7
4171
323
138
14.3
1976
13.9
11.2
12. 6
11.8
4218
330
138
14.4
1977
16.0
12.7
14.9
13. 6
4180
333
155
13. 0
1978
15.9
12.7
14.7
13. 6
4209
325
146
13. 6
1979
14.8
12.1
13. 4
12.7
4136
317
155
12.9
1980
18 .2
14.5
16.7
15.4
4007
283
125
14.5
1981
19. 6
15.5
18.4
16.7
3853
275
119
14. 6
1982
18.9
15.1
17. 4
16.0
3893
279
122
14.5
1983
21.1
16.7
19.7
17. 9
3508
221
106
14.9
1984
21.0
16.6
19.7
17. 8
3584
224
110
14.9
1985
20.3
16.1
19.0
17.3
3688
251
125
13.7
1986
21.7
17. 0
20.3
18.4
3638
224
120
14.1
1987
22.1
17.2
20.6
18. 6
3584
209
122
13. 8
1988
21.6
16.6
20.4
18.2
3712
222
129
13.5
1989
21.1
16.1
19.8
17.7
3890
232
134
13. 4
1990
21.3
16.0
20.3
17. 8
3904
235
137
13.2
1991
21.4
16.1
20.4
17. 9
3896
234
142
12.9
1992
20.8
15.4
20.0
17. 4
4107
243
142
13. 4
1993
21.3
15.7
20.5
17.7
4068
242
152
12.7
1994
21.7
15.9
20.7
18.0
4042
234
151
12.7
1995
20.5
14.8
19.7
17. 0
4292
260
160
12. 6
1996
21.4
15.5
20.3
17. 6
4065
230
147
12.9
1997
21.2
15.3
19.9
17. 4
4294
246
186
11.4
1998
21.0
15.0
19.7
17.2
4243
241
182
11.4
1999
20.5
14. 6
19.2
16.7
4251
243
184
11.3
2000
20.6
14. 6
19.1
16.8
4285
245
188
11.3
2001
19.9
14.1
18.3
16.1
4533
265
216
10.5
2002
20.1
14.1
18.5
16.3
4497
260
215
10.5
2003
20.1
14.1
18.4
16.2
4571
260
215
10.6
2004
19.4
13.5
17. 8
15. 6
5124
280
244
10.5
2005
19.2
13.3
17. 6
15.4
5274
285
249
10.6
2006
19.0
13.2
17. 4
15.3
5358
291
255
10.5
2007
19. 6
13.5
18.0
15.7
5235
282
248
10.6
2008
19.7
13.5
18.2
15.8
5252
284
251
10.5
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
HP/
HP/
TON-
CID
WT
MPG
445
0.0328
26.9
433
0. 0326
30.2
475
0.0367
34. 6
456
0. 0345
34. 6
492
0.0369
31.6
457
0.0310
37.1
452
0.0308
38.4
452
0.0313
37. 6
512
0.0300
38.0
522
0.0304
38.5
520
0.0337
38.2
572
0.0328
39.9
612
0.0337
39.9
606
0.0344
40.4
610
0. 0344
41.2
620
0.0352
41.8
638
0.0364
42.1
614
0.0346
43.2
651
0.0372
43.6
670
0.0373
44.1
644
0.0372
44.3
675
0.0361
44.0
761
0.0428
45.7
760
0. 0425
44.6
764
0.0430
43.6
773
0.0434
44.1
818
0.0473
45.0
831
0. 0473
45.2
832
0.0467
46.0
868
0.0473
49.5
871
0. 0470
50.3
875
0.0473
50.8
878
0. 0470
51.0
881
0.0473
51.4
September 2008
TOP
SPEED
111
111
117
114
117
109
108
108
105
106
111
110
110
112
112
113
115
113
117
117
118
115
125
125
125
126
132
132
132
135
135
136
135
136
P-27
-------
Table P-14 (Continued)
Percent Of Ford Pickups:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL
1975
15.3
39.9
1976
20.2
43.2
1977
20.4
39.2
1978
26.0
39.4
1979
17. 4
33. 9
1980
19.1
55.9
1981
12.0
55.4
9.9
1982
15.7
49.5
1.7
1983
17. 6
57.6
12.2
1.7
1984
22.7
57.8
12. 6
. 9
1985
25.8
53.2
25.9
25.2
.2
1986
21.8
59.2
26.9
49.0
.2
1987
25.0
68.0
17.5
65.7
. 1
1988
26.2
64.1
25.4
81.4
1989
28.2
66.0
26.3
87.8
1990
24.4
48.9
50.9
93.7
1991
23.0
52.5
47.5
94.2
1992
22.9
48.2
51.8
95.9
1993
24.7
47.8
52.2
97. 0
1994
24.2
48.9
51.1
100. 0
1995
29.6
43.7
56.3
100. 0
1996
21.2
49.1
50.9
100. 0
1997
29.9
29.1
70.9
100. 0
1998
29.5
29.2
70.8
100. 0
1999
33.2
22. 6
77. 4
100. 0
2000
32.3
22.9
77.1
100. 0
2001
36.3
13.1
86.9
100. 0
2002
36.8
12.8
87.2
100. 0
2003
35.2
12.8
87.2
100. 0
2004
46.5
6.9
93.1
100. 0
2005
46.5
4.8
95.2
100. 0
2006
45.8
4.9
95.1
100. 0
2007
42.4
5.7
94.3
100. 0
2008
48.4
6.3
93.7
100. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-28
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
.8 11.5
87.6
.9 8.5
90. 6
.4 9.5
90.1
9.1
90. 9
10.6
89.4
16.7
83.3
17. 9
82.1
13. 9
86.1
50.9
49.1
50.2
49.8
37.1
62.9
50.1
49.9
60. 9
39.1
54.3
45.7
47.7
52.3
49.5
50.5
51.5
48.5
44.7
55.3
48.5
51.5
56.1
43.9
100. 0
34.3
65.7
100. 0
54.6
45.4
100. 0
30.7
69.3
100. 0
40.6
59.4
100. 0
43.9
56.1
100. 0
45.5
54.5
97.1
2.9
33.5
66.5
92.9
7.1
32.8
67.2
93. 8
6.2
30.7
69.3
54.7
41.4
3.8
41.4
21.1
78.9
49.9
46.6
3.5
46.6
15.8
84.2
43.0
52.8
4.2
52.9
14.3
85.7
47.3
46.8
5.9
61.6
14.8
85.2
43.9
49.6
6.5
53.9
15. 6
84.4
September 2008
-------
Table P-15 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Ford Marketing Group's Trucks
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1975
12 . 6
9.9
11.8
10.7
4174
325
140
14.2
1976
13.8
11.1
12. 6
11.7
4199
330
141
14.2
1977
15.8
12. 6
14.7
13.5
4191
334
155
13. 0
1978
15 . 6
12.5
14.3
13.2
4234
330
147
13. 6
1979
14.0
11.4
12.7
12.0
4275
322
158
13. 0
1980
17.5
14.0
16.1
14.9
4149
291
128
14.7
1981
18.9
15.0
17. 6
16.0
3989
282
121
14.8
1982
17.9
14.3
16.4
15.2
4083
289
125
14.7
1983
19.7
15. 6
18.4
16.8
3735
242
112
15.0
1984
19.8
15.7
18. 6
16.9
3756
238
116
14.8
1985
19.3
15.2
18.1
16.4
3863
257
129
13. 9
1986
21.0
16.4
19.8
17. 8
3804
228
126
14.1
1987
21.2
16.4
20.1
17. 9
3784
216
131
13.5
1988
20.9
16.0
19.9
17. 6
3882
225
136
13.3
1989
20.5
15. 6
19.5
17.2
4056
230
140
13. 4
1990
20.4
15.4
19.7
17.2
4058
235
144
13.1
1991
20.7
15.4
19.9
17.3
4111
233
153
12. 6
1992
20.4
15.1
19.6
17. 0
4234
239
153
13. 0
1993
20.9
15.3
20.2
17. 4
4195
234
158
12. 6
1994
20.9
15.3
20.0
17. 4
4188
235
158
12. 6
1995
20.7
14.9
20.0
17.1
4298
250
158
12.8
1996
20.8
14.9
20.0
17.2
4251
241
162
12.4
1997
20.2
14.5
19.2
16.6
4456
254
186
11.7
1998
20.3
14.4
19.4
16.7
4431
252
186
11.5
1999
19.9
14.1
18.9
16.3
4518
255
195
11.3
2000
20.1
14.2
18.9
16.4
4521
253
197
11.2
2001
20.2
14.2
18.9
16.4
4496
252
214
10.4
2002
20.3
14.2
18.9
16.5
4455
247
214
10.4
2003
20.1
13. 9
18.7
16.2
4660
254
220
10.5
2004
19.7
13. 6
18.2
15.9
4932
264
233
10.5
2005
20.6
14.2
18.8
16.5
4833
250
232
10.4
2006
20.3
14.0
18.7
16.3
5009
258
240
10.4
2007
21.0
14.4
19.5
16.9
4868
246
241
10.1
2008
21.8
14.9
20.2
17.5
4743
236
237
10.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
HP/
HP/
TON-
CID
WT
MPG
442
0.0334
26.8
435
0.0335
29.8
471
0.0368
34.2
450
0.0346
33. 8
491
0.0365
30.9
450
0.0306
37. 0
446
0.0304
38.2
443
0.0306
37.3
494
0.0299
37.7
515
0.0306
38.0
518
0.0331
37. 9
585
0.0330
40.2
638
0.0345
40.4
633
0. 0350
40.7
644
0.0347
41.8
647
0. 0356
41.7
680
0.0373
42.7
664
0.0361
43.4
696
0.0377
44.0
692
0. 0377
44.0
651
0.0368
44.7
696
0.0383
44.4
737
0.0415
45.2
745
0. 0420
45.0
768
0.0429
44.8
785
0.0434
45.4
862
0.0477
45.4
875
0. 0480
45.2
879
0.0474
46.7
896
0. 0474
48.4
947
0. 0479
49.6
946
0.0477
50.8
011
0.0496
51.2
036
0. 0500
51.8
September 2008
TOP
SPEED
112
112
117
114
117
108
107
108
106
107
111
110
112
113
113
115
117
116
118
118
117
119
124
125
126
127
133
133
133
134
134
135
137 1
137 1
P-29
-------
Table P-15 (Continued)
Percent Of Ford Trucks:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL
1975
12.9
37. 9
1976
16.9
38.9
1977
18. 6
34.2
1978
25.4
33.7
1979
20.3
29.8
1980
21.5
49.1
1981
15.1
49.9
8.0
1982
18.5
40.9
1983
18.7
48.1
15. 6
1984
29.7
46.4
14.4
1985
33. 6
43.1
32.0
17. 9
1986
26.8
44.8
40.2
55.0
1987
26.5
48.6
35.9
76.1
1988
29.2
47.0
40.2
88.3
1989
26.7
42.5
46.5
93.1
1990
29.1
33.3
64.4
96.1
1991
39.1
31.0
67.7
97.2
1992
32.8
28.7
70.2
97. 9
1993
6.0
29.4
25.7
73. 0
98. 6
1994
3.1
33. 8
30.6
68.4
100. 0
1995
24.6
33. 9
20.3
78.5
100. 0
1996
19.1
31.0
20.8
78.1
100. 0
1997
4.9
40.6
16.2
83.8
100. 0
1998
17.5
36.5
12. 6
87.4
100. 0
1999
12.8
37.5
10.9
89.1
100. 0
2000
16.2
36.2
10.2
89.8
100. 0
2001
16.7
38.0
6.9
93.1
100. 0
2002
14.0
43.0
5.8
94.2
100. 0
2003
14.3
41.3
5.5
94.5
100. 0
2004
12.1
48.3
3.4
96.6
100. 0
2005
18.7
48.7
2.5
92.1
5.4
100. 0
2006
15.9
48.5
2.6
92.0
5.4
100. 0
2007
20.3
45.2
2.7
93.3
4.0
100. 0
2008
22.1
51.5
3.2
94. 6
2.2
3. i
3 96.2
1.2
1.3
. 6
. 1
. 1
. 1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-30
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
. 6
10.0
89.3
.7
8.1
91.3
.3
10.3
89.4
12.9
87.1
15.0
85.0
19.7
80.3
19.8
80.2
17.3
82.7
44.8
55.2
8.4
41.1
50.5
10.6
30.6
58.8
8.0
48.0
44.0
9.0
55.5
35.5
11.1
50.4
38.5
7.5
52. 6
39.9
4.9
55.0
40.1
70.6
29.4
64.9
35.1
68.9
31.1
. 1
68.5
31.3
99. 0
1.0
. 1
65.4
34.5
99. 0
1.0
77.2
22.8
99.3
.7
. 1
45. 6
54.3
99.3
.7
56.4
43.6
98.7
1.3
53.5
46.5
97. 4
2.6
57.0
43.0
84.5
15.5
46.7
53.3
84.1
15.9
1.2
38.4
61. 6
81.2
18.8
2 . 6
51.6
48.4
63. 4
19.5
17. 0
23.0
42.7
57.3
39.0
27.5
33. 6
31.1
.7
48.0
52.0
37.3
33.7
28.9
41.6
1.5
42.8
57.2
31.4
28.2
40.4
46.1
1.2
28.2
71.8
25.4
23.9
50.7
40.1
2.2
38.7
61.3
September 2008
-------
Table P-16 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Ford Marketing Group's All
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1975
13.8
10.7
13.3
11.7
4120
301
137
14.4
1976
15.9
12. 6
14.8
13.5
4190
305
133
14.9
1977
16.5
13. 0
15. 6
14.1
4238
316
144
13. 8
1978
17.8
13. 9
17. 0
15.2
3937
287
133
13. 9
1979
17.6
13. 9
16.6
15.0
3749
261
128
13.7
1980
21.2
16.5
20.2
18.0
3374
217
108
14.2
1981
22 .2
17. 4
21.2
18.9
3297
207
105
14.2
1982
22 .7
17.7
21.9
19.4
3277
200
103
14. 6
1983
22 .5
17.5
21.8
19.2
3346
209
108
14.3
1984
23.4
18.2
22.5
19.9
3347
205
109
14.2
1985
23.8
18.5
23.0
20.3
3348
208
120
13.2
1986
24.4
18.8
23.6
20.7
3401
199
120
13.3
1987
24.4
18. 6
23.9
20.7
3401
192
121
13.3
1988
24.7
18. 6
24.1
20.8
3435
196
129
12.8
1989
24.5
18.4
23.9
20.6
3518
196
127
13.1
1990
24.1
17. 9
23.5
20.2
3595
202
132
12.9
1991
24.5
18.1
23.8
20.5
3569
196
139
12.4
1992
23.9
17.5
23.4
19.9
3725
210
146
12.3
1993
24.8
18.0
24.2
20.6
3620
199
143
12.3
1994
24.1
17. 4
23.5
20.0
3725
208
149
12.2
1995
24.3
17.3
24.0
20.2
3737
210
151
12.1
1996
23.6
16.7
23.1
19.5
3821
211
158
11.8
1997
23.1
16.3
22.3
19.0
3944
220
170
11.5
1998
23.0
16.2
22.3
18.9
3935
217
171
11.3
1999
22.9
16.0
22.1
18.8
3969
217
179
11.0
2000
23.0
16.1
22.0
18.8
3988
218
185
10.8
2001
22 .7
15.8
21.5
18.5
4037
221
194
10.5
2002
22 .7
15.8
21.3
18.4
4033
218
195
10.4
2003
22.4
15.4
21.0
18.1
4218
227
204
10.4
2004
21.7
14.9
20.3
17.5
4457
238
219
10.2
2005
23.1
15.7
21.3
18.5
4297
221
212
10.2
2006
23.0
15. 6
21.3
18.4
4373
224
218
10.0
2007
24.1
16.3
22.5
19.3
4200
211
213
10.0
2008
23.7
16.0
22.2
19.0
4308
217
225
9.7
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
HP/
HP/
TON-
CID
WT
MPG
480
0.0329
29.0
453
0.0313
33. 8
473
0.0337
35.5
485
0.0333
35.4
520
0.0339
33.5
540
0. 0321
35.8
572
0. 0321
36.9
568
0.0311
37.7
561
0. 0320
38.2
572
0.0323
39.8
620
0. 0355
40.5
648
0.0353
41.8
665
0. 0352
41.9
695
0.0372
42.7
689
0. 0359
43.3
696
0.0366
43.5
740
0. 0386
44.0
725
0.0392
44.8
750
0.0394
45.1
742
0.0397
45.2
760
0.0403
45.9
784
0.0415
45.3
793
0.0428
45.7
819
0.0435
45.5
852
0. 0451
45. 6
875
0.0464
46.1
904
0.0479
46.0
921
0.0482
46.0
922
0. 0485
47.3
948
0.0496
48.2
997
0.0495
49.5
009
0.0501
50.2
052
0.0509
50.7
074
0. 0524
51.3
September 2008
TOP
SPEED
111
109
113
111
111
108
107
106
107
108
112
112
112
114
113
114
117
118
118
119
119
121
124
124
127
128
131
131
132
135
134
135 1
135 1
138 1
P-31
-------
Table P-16 (Continued)
Percent Of Ford All:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
1975
3.1
22.8
2.3
1976
4.6
20.9
1.5
1977
5.2
17. 8
1.4
1978
3.2
7.3
21.2
1.3
1979
2.1
5.5
23.5
1.3
1980
3.9
5.3
38.1
9.3
2.4
. 8
1981
20.4
4.4
37. 8
15. 6
2.7
3.0
1982
29.0
4.6
37. 8
27.6
3.2
2.7
1983
20.6
6.4
35.0
36.1
5.1
14. 6
1984
29.6
9.6
31.8
34.9
13. 9
18.9
1985
31.3
9.4
30.6
39.6
10.2
41.3
1986
33. 6
9.7
33.2
42.2
50.5
17. 9
1987
39.1
9.5
33.1
42.3
64.8
26.5
1988
40.6
9.6
31.2
47.8
81.2
12. 6
1989
43.5
9.1
28.0
52.0
88.8
7.8
1990
39.9
10.3
23.1
61. 0
93.3
5.4
1991
43.4
14.7
23.6
66.9
98.9
1992
37. 4
13. 4
19.3
70.7
99.1
1993
46.0
11.4
21.0
71.3
99. 4
1994
37. 8
15.1
22.4
72.2
100. 0
1995
51.0
14.1
17.2
82.2
100. 0
1996
45.1
14.4
15.9
83.6
100. 0
1997
35.7
21.1
13. 4
86.6
100. 0
1998
43.7
20.3
11.8
88.2
100. 0
1999
43.7
19.8
10.8
89.2
100. 0
2000
41.6
18.7
10.5
89.5
100. 0
2001
40.0
21.8
7.8
92.2
100. 0
2002
38.2
26.4
7.5
92.5
100. 0
2003
34.5
25. 6
7.9
92.1
100. 0
2004
28.1
32.5
6.7
93.3
100. 0
2005
38. 6
30.2
6.2
89.4
4.5
100. 0
2006
39.6
29.0
6.9
88.3
4.8
100. 0
2007
45.8
25.8
7.4
90.1
2.5
100. 0
2008
36.7
35.1
7.1
91. 6
1.3
2.3 97.7
.2
. 1
1.0
.7
1.6
. 6
.3
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-32
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
44.6
21.5
33. 9
42.8
19.7
37.5
41.4
18.5
40.1
24.6
37.5
37. 9
31.7
31.1
37.2
41.2
29.1
29.7
36.6
29.6
33. 8
44.9
23.3
31.9
39.6
30.3
30.1
48.1
24.8
27.1
50.4
20.3
29.3
45.0
31.0
24.1
42.7
36.2
21.1
42.2
34.2
23.5
36.4
40.3
23.3
31.1
44.3
24.6
32.7
47.3
20.1
24.5
48.3
27.2
30.2
50.6
19.3
25.0
52.5
22.5
81.2
. 4
18.4
5.4
29.3
48.8
21.9
78.7
. 4
20.9
7.6
20.6
60. 4
18.9
86.8
.3
12.8
3.4
19.8
43.5
36.7
80.3
19.7
9.8
23.6
46.4
30.0
75.9
24.1
7.2
22.0
46.3
31.7
77.5
22.5
6.2
22.3
40.1
37. 6
71.8
28.2
8.3
19.0
35.4
45.5
69. 9
30.1
9.1
20.5
31.3
48.2
70.3
29.7
11.6
17.5
37.5
45.0
57.3
12.2
30.5
28 . 6
16.0
34.8
49.3
38.2
17. 4
44.4
38 .3
. 4
19.8
34.3
45.9
34.0
21.2
44.8
48.8
. 8
18.0
36.4
45. 6
28.3
16.5
55.2
41.1
. 6
23.9
28.1
47.9
23.6
16.8
59.6
37.6
1.3
18.0
35.7
46.3
September 2008
-------
Table P-17
Characteristics of
1975 to 2008 Chrysler Marketing Group's Cars
YEAR < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPEED CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975 15.4
1976 16.6
1977 16.4
1978 19.2
1979 21.1
1980 22.9
1981 26.2
1982 26.9
1983 28.3
1984 28.4
1985 28.2
1986 28.7
1987 27.7
1988 28.4
1989 28.0
1990 27.4
1991 27.5
1992 27.7
1993 27.9
1994 26.2
1995 28.2
1996 27.2
1997 27.2
1998 28.3
1999 27.0
2000 27.6
2001 27.7
2002 27.3
2003 28.6
2004 28.8
2005 28.2
2006 25.6
2007 27.1
2008 27.1
12.1 14.7
12.9 15.9
12.7 16.0
14.9 18.6
16.5 20.3
17.8 22.0
20.4 25.3
21.0 25.9
22.4 26.7
22.3 27.1
22.0 27.1
22.4 27.2
21.4 26.4
21.6 27.4
20.9 27.4
20.3 26.8
20.4 26.3
20.5 26.3
20.2 27.0
18.8 25.8
19.9 27.9
19.0 27.3
18.7 27.5
19.4 28.4
18.4 27.1
18.9 26.8
18.9 26.5
18.5 26.2
19.4 26.7
19.4 26.8
18.8 26.2
17.0 24.4
18.2 25.1
18.1 25.4
13.1 4142
14.1 4036
14.0 4131
16.3 3652
18.0 3390
19.5 3046
22.3 2825
23.0 2949
24.1 2848
24.2 2804
24.0 2874
24.3 2869
23.4 2889
24.0 2958
23.5 3077
23.0 3215
22.9 3188
23.0 3172
23.1 3179
21.8 3361
23.3 3205
22.5 3333
22.4 3355
23.3 3230
22.2 3515
22.5 3393
22.4 3473
22.1 3483
22.9 3428
23.0 3426
22.4 3516
20.6 3934
21.6 3826
21.6 3847
298
290
109.7 299
105.2 251
106.0 222
101.5 182
102.4 157
104.4 169
104.8 154
104.3 144
105.8 151
105.4 147
105.3 153
106.2 153
106.8 152
106.4 161
106.6 161
105.5 163
108.2 169
111.7 180
108.8 157
110.2 157
110.5 159
108.0 144
113.3 163
112.2 154
110.6 163
105.8 164
99.3 163
107.7 158
108.6 177
119.8 226
113.5 199
112.1 195
140 14.0
136 14.2
139 14.1
125 13.8
111 14.2
88 15.5
91 14.2
94 14.3
90 14.5
92 14.2
106 13.0
104 13.2
106 12.9
110 12.9
112 13.1
124 12.5
126 12.4
126 12.3
133 11.9
146 11.6
152 10.5
164 10.1
163 10.3
154 10.4
185 9.8
173 10.0
186 9.6
205 9.1
179 9.9
182 9.7
199 9.4
248 8.6
220 9.3
221 9.2
112 .470
111 .473
112 .481
111 .537
108 .552
103 .541
106 .617
106 .599
105 .621
106 .674
111 .744
110 .745
111 .735
112 .735
112 .744
115 .783
116 .793
116 .785
119 .788
121 .802
126 .998
129 1.070
128 1.034
126 1.069
134 1.127
131 1.117
135 1.133
141 1.242
133 1.113
134 1.150
138 1.142
149 1.126
141 1.124
142 1.146
.0334 32.4
.0331 33.8
.0333 34.3
.0336 35.6
.0323 35.9
.0290 35.0
.0322 37.3
.0318 40.0
.0313 40.9
.0327 40.1
.0366 40.7
.0361 41.5
.0368 40.1
.0369 42.2
.0362 43.3
.0383 44.0
.0391 43.8
.0393 44.0
.0414 44.4
.0427 44.1
.0474 45.1
.0495 45.3
.0482 45.6
.0476 45.8
.0522 47.4
.0505 46.8
.0530 48.2
.0582 47.7
.0516 49.3
.0528 49.4
.0555 49.4
.0622 50.5
.0564 52.2
.0568 52.4
1861
3756
2122
3724
2316
3808
2399
3545
2778
3813
2903
4167
3094
4274
3052
4182
3047
4306
3092
4365
2961
4228
3060
4475
3026
4612
2925
4681
2950
4674
2942
4638
3038
4809
2943
4930
3091
4917
3024
5009
3029
5051
3083
4950
3076
5398
3116
5273
3081
5333
2913
5049
2992
4942
3123
5333
3089
5403
3085
6066
3120
5935
3075
5885
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-33
September 2008
-------
Table P-17 (Continued)
Percent of Chrysler Cars:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
1975
7.9
1976
9.6
1977
8.5
1978
14.2
15.0
55.7
1979
28.8
20.6
50.4
1980
42.2
4.5
28.5
41.9
1981
67.5
2.3
35.8
14. 6
. 8
1982
69.1
3.4
25.0
20.6
.3
1983
78.5
3.6
27.5
15.4
. 9
17.3
1984
88.9
1.9
26.0
10.5
10.5
26.2
1985
87.8
20.6
13. 8
16.7
30.8
1986
90.3
19.8
12.8
18.7
48.1
1987
88.7
17.3
30.3
17.3
43.3
1988
93. 6
13. 9
77.2
27.3
60.5
1989
97. 8
13.3
78.3
43.3
55.0
1990
100. 0
13.7
84.9
61.5
38.5
1991
98.0
2.0
15.2
83.9
62.1
37. 9
1992
97. 6
2.3
15.9
83.5
60.7
39.3
1993
99. 8
. 1
12.3
86.5
66.6
33. 4
1994
99.7
. 0
7.5
92.2
70.9
29.1
1995
99.1
.7
13. 9
86.0
97.1
2.9
1996
99. 6
.2
9.7
90.3
100. 0
1997
99. 6
.2
7.7
92.3
100. 0
1998
99. 8
. 1
7.7
92.3
100. 0
1999
99.3
2.9
97.1
100. 0
2000
99.5
3.6
96.4
100. 0
2001
90.1
. 8
3.3
96.7
100. 0
2002
97.7
4.2
95.8
100. 0
2003
90.2
9.3
6.6
93. 4
100. 0
2004
96.2
2.5
5.4
94. 6
100. 0
2005
66.6
1.1
6.3
93.7
100. 0
2006
31.2
2.9
. 9
99.1
100. 0
2007
50.9
6.6
2.5
71.3 26.2
100. 0
2008
52.7
6.4
4.9
83.6 11.5
100. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-34
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
49.1
32.1
18
56.6
30.9
12
45.8
36.0
18
58.5
35.5
6
44.8
42.5
12
63. 9
32.1
4
57.2
41.3
1
44.2
55.8
49.1
50.9
56.5
43.5
47.3
52.7
100. 0
44.6
55.4
100. 0
49.6
50.4
100. 0
. 0
52. 6
43.7
3
99. 4
. 6
49.8
46.2
4
92.0
8.0
51.3
39.1
9
84.3
6.8
8.9
46.0
44.1
9
92. 6
5.2
2.2
53.9
38.5
7
81.1
3.5
15.5
46.0
30.0
24
71.8
1.2
27.0
36.9
19.0
44
24.3
.2
75.4
54.1
16.7
29
11.8
. 0
88.2
45.8
23.6
30
7.4
92. 6
42.9
25.3
31
.2
99. 8
50.5
31.9
17
.2
99. 8
28.1
25.4
46
.2
99. 8
41.0
22.3
36
.3
9.2
90. 6
41.6
27.4
31
.2
1.8
98.0
36.8
27.3
35
9.8
90.2
55.5
22.7
21
100. 0
39.7
38.4
21
10.6
89.4
47.4
24.0
28
27.4
72. 6
9.0
23.8
67
15.7
2.4
81.8
45.9
33. 6
24.2
42
. 9
2.2
96.9
28 . 6
16.4
43.5
40
8
6
3
0
7
0
5
8
1
6
9
6
0
1
3
6
7
6
5
7
0
9
9
9
6
3
2
1
September 2008
-------
Table P-18 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Chrysler Marketing Group's Wagons
YEAR < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPEED CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975 15.9
1976 17.0
1977 16.6
1978 17.7
1979 18.3
1980 19.3
1981 25.1
1982 27.2
1983 27.4
1984 28.1
1985 27.0
1986 26.7
1987 26.8
1988 29.1
1989 31.0
1990 32.5
1993 27.4
2001 27.0
2002 25.4
2003 25.6
2004 24.6
2005 24.1
2006 25.2
2007 24.8
2008 25.2
12.3 15.5
13.4 16.1
13.2 15.5
13.9 16.9
14.4 17.3
15.0 18.6
19.6 24.0
21.3 26.0
21.9 25.2
22.2 26.4
21.3 25.3
21.1 24.7
20.9 25.1
22.4 27.3
24.1 28.2
25.5 28.7
20.2 25.8
18.8 25.0
17.5 23.8
17.6 23.7
16.8 22.7
16.2 22.6
17.0 23.3
16.6 23.5
16.9 23.6
13.6 4250
14.5 4129
14.1 4151
15.1 4031
15.6 3901
16.5 3768
21.4 2941
23.2 2925
23.3 2902
23.9 2808
22.9 3004
22.6 3105
22.6 3077
24.5 2942
25.9 2779
26.9 2706
22.6 3063
21.8 3516
20.5 3500
20.6 3500
19.7 4115
19.3 4206
20.1 3978
19.9 3995
20.2 3967
294
279
139.9 281
135.5 269
134.2 261
132.4 240
130.0 169
129.6 157
130.7 150
130.0 140
129.7 141
126.6 158
127.6 155
126.8 139
116.9 102
111.2 93
131.1 129
120.7 149
120.0 148
120.0 148
141.8 180
141.6 202
136.6 184
123.5 202
122.3 194
155 13.0
129 15.0
123 15.7
128 14.4
119 15.1
101 16.5
98 13.7
95 14.1
95 13.9
92 13.9
102 13.6
100 14.2
100 14.2
94 14.3
87 14.4
82 14.7
126 11.7
149 11.4
150 11.2
156 10.9
234 8.9
242 8.8
236 8.7
243 8.6
237 8.7
116 .601
109 .468
107 .435
110 .485
108 .459
103 .434
108 .604
106 .624
107 .643
106 .661
109 .728
107 .652
107 .659
106 .695
104 .864
103 .882
117 .977
121 .998
122 1.014
124 1.054
144 1.327
145 1.240
146 1.322
148 1.268
146 1.283
.0362 33.7
.0308 35.7
.0293 34.7
.0318 35.9
.0306 35.7
.0271 36.4
.0336 36.9
.0324 39.9
.0328 40.0
.0329 39.5
.0340 40.6
.0323 41.6
.0325 41.3
.0319 43.0
.0313 43.2
.0305 44.0
.0411 42.0
.0424 47.5
.0429 44.5
.0446 44.9
.0578 50.3
.0581 50.5
.0599 50.0
.0611 49.5
.0602 49.9
2349
4851
2427
4866
2459
4794
2565
4825
3307
4796
3558
5165
3630
5232
3664
5134
3511
5263
3451
5280
3463
5273
3729
5448
3632
5035
3624
4890
3602
5506
3258
5730
3053
5343
3078
5387
3466
7179
3404
7193
3429
6850
3037
6156
3053
6144
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-35
September 2008
-------
Table P-18 (Continued)
Percent of Chrysler Wagons:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
1975
7.6
1976
13.2
1977
5.9
1978
6.6
38.8
1979
4.1
33.5
1980
10.7
84.0
1981
78.7
15. 6
15.3
1982
87.8
12.4
11.0
1983
94. 6
7.7
5.2
1984
100. 0
5.0
1985
98.8
1.2
2.7
3.9
1986
88.1
11.9
1.6
3.7
1987
91.5
8.5
. 8
57.9
4.6
1988
96.6
3.4
7.8
78.8
28.7
1989
75. 6
24.4
36.0
45.9
100. 0
1990
79.7
20.3
36.7
63.3
100. 0
1993
100. 0
13.3
86.7
100. 0
2001
96.9
1.7
13. 0
87.0
100. 0
2002
100. 0
13.1
86.9
100. 0
2003
100. 0
12.1
87.9
100. 0
2004
73. 9
26.1
4.1
95.9
100. 0
2005
57.1
18.2
2.5
97.5
100. 0
2006
73.1
10.7
3.0
97. 0
100. 0
2007
75.3
9.5
1.6
98.4
100. 0
2008
75.4
10.7
6.6
93. 4
100. 0
39.1
84.4
86.8
67. 9
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-36
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
55.7
15.3
5.0
14.5
5.7
3.1
44.3
96.9
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
84.7
95.0
85.5
94.3
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
41.5 39.9 18.7
16.1 75.1 8.8
13. 6
74.5
11.8
20.3
78.2
1.5
21.2
78.8
35.1
64.9
13. 9
86.1
12.2
87.8
5.4
94. 6
100. 0
1.2
98.8
11.9
88.1
8.5
91.5
21.4
78. 6
82.0
18.0
100. 0
100. 0
96.9
3.1
100. 0
100. 0
51.5
48.5
32.9
26.9
40.2
50.6
17. 8
31.6
52.0
15.9
32.1
54.1
15.7
30.2
September 2008
-------
Table P-19 Characteristics of 1975
to 2008 Chrysler Marketing Group's Cars and Wagons
YEAR < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPEED CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975 15.5
1976 16.6
1977 16.4
1978 18.9
1979 20.8
1980 22.6
1981 26.1
1982 27.0
1983 28.2
1984 28.4
1985 28.1
1986 28.6
1987 27.7
1988 28.5
1989 28.0
1990 27.4
1991 27.5
1992 27.7
1993 27.9
1994 26.2
1995 28.2
1996 27.2
1997 27.2
1998 28.3
1999 27.0
2000 27.6
2001 27.5
2002 26.9
2003 27.7
2004 27.4
2005 26.6
2006 25.5
2007 26.3
2008 26.5
12.1 14.8
13.0 15.9
12.8 15.9
14.7 18.3
16.2 19.9
17.6 21.7
20.3 25.2
21.0 25.9
22.3 26.6
22.3 27.0
22.0 27.0
22.3 27.0
21.4 26.4
21.6 27.4
20.9 27.4
20.3 26.8
20.4 26.3
20.5 26.3
20.2 27.0
18.8 25.8
19.9 27.9
19.0 27.3
18.7 27.5
19.4 28.4
18.4 27.1
18.9 26.8
18.9 26.2
18.3 25.6
18.9 25.8
18.6 25.5
17.8 24.8
17.0 24.0
17.7 24.6
17.7 24.9
13.2 4155
14.2 4053
14.0 4136
16.1 3712
17.7 3444
19.2 3095
22.2 2839
23.0 2946
24.0 2854
24.2 2804
24.0 2881
24.2 2882
23.4 2897
24.0 2957
23.6 3073
23.0 3214
22.9 3188
23.0 3172
23.1 3178
21.8 3361
23.3 3205
22.5 3333
22.4 3355
23.3 3230
22.2 3515
22.5 3393
22.3 3483
21.7 3487
22.2 3448
21.9 3623
21.2 3756
20.4 3949
21.0 3883
21.2 3883
298
288
116.9 295
110.0 254
109.0 226
103.6 186
105.7 159
107.3 167
107.3 154
106.2 144
107.0 150
106.6 148
106.2 153
107.3 153
106.9 152
106.4 161
106.6 161
105.5 163
108.4 169
111.7 180
108.8 157
110.2 157
110.5 159
108.0 144
113.3 163
112.2 154
112.9 160
109.1 160
105.0 159
117.5 165
120.1 186
125.4 212
116.8 200
115.1 194
142 13.9
134 14.3
135 14.5
125 13.9
112 14.3
89 15.6
91 14.2
94 14.3
90 14.5
92 14.2
106 13.0
104 13.2
106 13.0
109 13.0
111 13.1
124 12.5
126 12.4
126 12.3
133 11.9
146 11.6
152 10.5
164 10.1
163 10.3
154 10.4
185 9.8
173 10.0
177 10.0
192 9.6
173 10.2
197 9.4
214 9.2
244 8.6
227 9.1
226 9.1
113 .487
111 .472
111 .470
110 .529
108 .542
103 .534
106 .615
106 .601
105 .624
106 .673
111 .744
110 .739
111 .732
112 .732
111 .746
115 .783
116 .793
116 .785
119 .790
121 .802
126 .998
129 1.070
128 1.034
126 1.069
134 1.127
131 1.117
132 1.102
137 1.188
130 1.097
137 1.200
140 1.176
148 1.192
143 1.172
143 1.186
0338
32 .5
0327
34.1
0323
34.4
0333
35 . 6
0321
35.9
0289
35.1
0324
37.2
0319
40.0
0315
40.8
0327
40.1
0365
40.7
0359
41.5
0366
40.2
0366
42 .2
0361
43.3
0383
44.0
0391
43.8
0393
44.0
0414
44.4
0427
44.1
0474
45.1
0495
45 .3
0482
45 . 6
0476
45.8
0522
47.4
0505
46.8
0506
48.0
0545
46.9
0496
48.1
0542
49.6
0564
49.8
0614
50.3
0579
51.3
0578
51.7
1978
4018
2170
3904
2331
3913
2410
3632
2842
3931
2977
4280
3146
4368
3097
4251
3070
4355
3113
4417
2981
4271
3096
4528
3033
4617
2926
4681
2950
4674
2942
4638
3043
4816
2943
4930
3091
4917
3024
5009
3029
5051
3083
4950
3076
5398
3116
5273
3121
5423
2946
5119
3016
5066
3221
5860
3198
6025
3200
6329
3092
6008
3069
5961
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-37
September 2008
-------
Table P-19 (Continued)
Percent of Chrysler Cars and Wagons:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI
1975
7.8
1976
10.2
1977
7.8
1978
12.0
13.7
53.1
1979
25.7
18.8
48.6
1980
39.3
4.2
27.3
44.7
1981
68.9
2.0
33. 4
14.7
.7
1982
71.2
3.0
23.6
19.5
.3
1983
80.0
3.3
25.5
14.4
. 8
15. 6
1984
89.7
1.8
24.5
9.8
9.7
24.3
1985
88.4
. 1
19.7
13.1
16.0
31.2
1986
90.2
.7
18.8
12.1
17. 8
50.2
1987
88.8
.3
16.6
31.4
16.8
45.1
1988
93. 8
.2
13. 6
77.3
27.4
60. 9
1989
97.5
.3
13. 6
77. 9
44.0
54.3
1990
100. 0
. 0
13.7
84.8
61.5
38.5
1991
98.0
2.0
15.2
83.9
62.1
37. 9
1992
97. 6
2.3
15.9
83.5
60.7
39.3
1993
99. 8
. 1
12.3
86.5
67. 0
33. 0
1994
99.7
. 0
7.5
92.2
70.9
29.1
1995
99.1
.7
13. 9
86.0
97.1
2.9
1996
99. 6
.2
9.7
90.3
100. 0
1997
99. 6
.2
7.7
92.3
100. 0
1998
99. 8
. 1
7.7
92.3
100. 0
1999
99.3
2.9
97.1
100. 0
2000
99.5
3.6
96.4
100. 0
2001
91. 6
1.0
5.5
94.5
100. 0
2002
98.3
6.3
93.7
100. 0
2003
92.9
6.7
8.1
91. 9
100. 0
2004
89.8
9.2
5.1
94.9
100. 0
2005
63.3
7.0
5.0
95.0
100. 0
2006
45.3
5.5
1.6
98.4
100. 0
2007
59.0
7.6
2.2
80.3 17.5
100. 0
2008
59.3
7.7
5.4
86.5 8.2
100. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015 P-
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
48.2
33. 0
18
49.1
39.1
11
38.1
45.2
16
52.5
42.2
5
42.3
46.4
11
62.0
34.3
3
52.0
46.7
1
40.6
59.4
44.8
55.2
52.4
47.6
44.9
55.1
100. 0
42.7
57.3
100. 0
48.0
52.0
100. 0
. 0
50.9
45. 6
3
99. 4
. 6
50.2
45.8
4
92.0
8.0
51.4
39.0
9
84.3
6.8
8.9
46.0
44.1
9
92. 6
5.2
2.2
53.9
38.5
7
80.8
3.4
15.8
45.5
30.7
23
71.8
1.2
27.0
36.9
19.0
44
24.3
.2
75.4
54.1
16.7
29
11.8
. 0
88.2
45.8
23.6
30
7.4
92. 6
42.9
25.3
31
.2
99. 8
50.5
31.9
17
.2
99. 8
28.1
25.4
46
.2
99. 8
41.0
22.3
36
.2
7.8
92.0
54.2
21.9
23
.2
1.3
98.5
51.7
20.9
27
7.1
92.9
67. 8
16.4
15
100. 0
43.1
27.5
29
12.2
87.8
42.4
25.0
32
19.9
80.1
22.9
21.8
55
15.3
1.6
83.1
30.6
39.7
21.4
38
2.3
1.6
96.1
20.2
27.5
35.3
37
8
9
7
3
3
7
3
6
0
6
9
6
8
1
3
6
7
6
5
7
9
4
8
5
6
3
8
2
September 2008
-------
Table P-20 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Chrysler Marketing Group's Vans
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1975
12 . 6
10.3
11.2
10.7
4263
313
145
13.7
1976
14 .2
11.1
13. 4
12.1
4326
314
149
13.7
1977
13.8
11.0
12. 6
11.7
4404
327
155
13. 4
1978
13.4
10.9
12.1
11.4
4387
327
151
13.5
1979
13.8
11.3
12.3
11.7
4450
321
145
14.2
1980
16.6
13.3
15.1
14.1
4137
278
125
15.1
1981
17.4
14.0
16.0
14.8
4050
271
119
15. 6
1982
17.7
14.1
16.3
15.0
4031
276
123
15.1
1983
18.0
14.4
16.6
15.3
4099
270
118
15.9
1984
20.2
16.0
19.0
17.2
3679
201
108
15.3
1985
21.0
16.8
19.4
17. 8
3645
189
111
14.9
1986
22.0
17.3
20.5
18. 6
3674
186
109
15.2
1987
22 .3
17.3
21.0
18.9
3707
193
125
13. 9
1988
23.0
17. 6
22.0
19.4
3798
189
134
13. 4
1989
22 . 6
17.3
21.4
19.0
3825
187
132
13. 6
1990
23.0
17.2
22.1
19.3
3876
200
142
12.9
1991
22.8
17.2
21.5
19.0
3972
199
142
13.2
1992
22 .7
16.9
21.5
18.9
3970
198
144
13.1
1993
23.6
17. 4
22. 6
19.6
3823
194
144
12. 6
1994
22.4
16.5
21.2
18.5
3971
208
153
12.4
1995
23.0
16.8
21.8
19.0
3837
201
154
12.0
1996
22.8
16.3
21.9
18.8
4156
208
162
12.2
1997
22 .7
16.1
21.8
18.7
4152
208
161
12.3
1998
23.3
16.3
22.7
19.2
4141
203
164
12.1
1999
23.0
16.0
22.3
18.8
4170
208
165
12.0
2000
23.4
16.2
22. 6
19.1
4157
204
163
12.1
2001
23.4
16.2
22.2
19.0
4430
213
190
11.3
2002
23.8
16.4
22. 6
19.3
4374
210
189
11.3
2003
24.5
16.7
23.0
19.7
4286
213
191
11.0
2004
24.5
16.4
23.4
19.8
4382
211
193
11.1
2005
24.3
16.2
23.2
19.6
4285
214
196
10.7
2006
24.4
16.2
23.4
19.7
4361
213
191
11.1
2007
24.3
16.2
23.4
19.6
4345
217
194
10.9
2008
24 . 6
16.4
23.6
19.8
4549
217
178
12.2
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
HP/
HP/
TON-
CID
WT
MPG
462
. 0340
27.4
472
. 0344
30.8
473
. 0352
30.5
462
. 0344
29.7
451
. 0326
31.0
449
. 0302
34. 6
437
. 0293
35. 6
442
. 0303
35.9
434
. 0286
37.3
582
. 0295
38.4
625
. 0303
38.9
619
. 0295
40.8
677
. 0337
41.8
729
. 0353
43.9
730
. 0344
43.7
721
. 0366
44.8
721
. 0355
45. 6
733
. 0360
45.4
748
. 0377
45.3
740
. 0383
44.8
770
. 0400
44.5
792
. 0390
47.6
783
. 0387
47.3
815
. 0394
48.4
805
. 0395
48.0
810
. 0393
48.9
898
. 0429
52.0
904
. 0431
52.4
901
. 0444
52. 6
913
. 0441
53.6
914
. 0456
52.0
895
. 0437
53.1
894
. 0446
52.8
823
. 0390
56.0
September 2008
TOP
SPEED
113
114
115
114
112
108
106
108
106
105
106
105
111
113
112
115
114
115
117
118
120
120
119
120
120
120
126
126
127
127
129
127
128
121
P-39
-------
Table P-20 (Continued)
Percent of Chrysler Vans:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL
1975
16.0
1976
15.1
1977
10.4
1978
11.1
1979
11.2
22.9
1980
21.4
59.6
1981
1.6
21.2
69. 6
1982
17.1
52.5
1983
20.2
34.3
1984
60. 6
20.6
11.9
1985
73.2
. 8
11.0
6.5
1986
72.4
3.8
10.9
20.1
1987
74.3
2.9
8.1
55.2
39.5
.2
1988
86.3
1.5
4.3
78.1
69. 8
29.6
1989
84.3
1.0
3.3
62.2
62.3
37.7
1990
87.1
.2
1.7
95.4
76.4
23.6
1991
83.8
5.4
1.3
98.0
77. 9
22.1
1992
86.8
2.7
1.7
96.4
89.2
10.8
1993
93.1
2.1
1.2
98.1
92.0
8.0
1994
80.1
2.7
.7
97. 6
94.5
5.5
1995
85.9
1.7
.2
98.1
93.7
6.3
1996
90. 8
. 0
. 0
99.1
100. 0
1997
86.1
2.6
99.1
100. 0
1998
90. 4
2.6
100. 0
100. 0
1999
88.1
2.6
100. 0
100. 0
2000
89.7
2.4
100. 0
100. 0
2001
88.6
3.6
100. 0
100. 0
2002
91.7
2.3
100. 0
100. 0
2003
92.7
2.1
100. 0
100. 0
2004
98.0
2.0
100. 0
100. 0
2005
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
2006
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
2007
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
2008
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-40
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
VEHICLE SIZE
WT HYBRID SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
88.9
11
93. 9
6
94.5
5
95.9
4
5.8
91. 6
2
5.7
92.9
1
10.2
88.3
1
9.1
89.7
1
3.9
95.1
1
2.8
96.3
. 4
98.7
2.6
96.9
3.2
96.2
1.2
98. 6
. 9
98.3
98.7
1.3
1.3
98.3
95.2
4.8
. 1
99. 6
93.5
6.5
99. 6
91. 0
9.0
98. 6
1
89.3
10.7
98.0
2
89.7
10.3
92.1
7
93. 4
6.6
92.2
7
91.3
8.7
94.0
6
95.0
5.0
94.8
5
95.7
4.3
100. 0
96.7
3.3
100. 0
95.7
4.3
100. 0
96.8
3.2
100. 0
51.5
48.5
100. 0
1
1
5
1
6
5
5
2
1
9
9
6
6
2
8
4
3
4
4
0
9
8
0
2
September 2008
-------
Table P-21 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Chrysler Marketing Group's SUVs
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1975
14 . 6
11.6
13. 6
12.5
3561
317
138
12.3
1976
15.0
12.1
13.7
12.7
3600
320
132
12.8
1977
15.8
12.7
14. 6
13.5
3637
324
134
12.8
1978
15 . 6
12.5
14.3
13.3
3611
323
131
12.8
1979
15.4
12.7
13. 6
13.1
3589
285
126
13.1
1980
16.8
13. 6
15.2
14.3
3509
266
111
14.3
1981
18.4
14.7
17.1
15.7
3504
261
114
13. 9
1982
18 .5
14.8
17.1
15.8
3528
261
114
13. 9
1983
18.4
14.8
16.8
15. 6
3489
266
117
13.5
1984
18 .3
14.7
16.7
15.5
3637
237
118
14.1
1985
18 .3
14. 6
17. 0
15. 6
3805
223
119
14.5
1986
19.3
15.4
17. 8
16.4
3721
213
122
13. 9
1987
19.9
15.5
18.8
16.8
3677
242
146
12.2
1988
19.3
14.7
18. 6
16.3
3651
251
156
11.5
1989
19.3
14.8
18.2
16.2
3637
246
159
11.3
1990
19.9
15.0
19.1
16.7
3560
243
161
10.9
1991
19.5
14. 6
18.5
16.3
3564
235
172
10.3
1992
19.9
14.8
19.0
16.6
3456
231
182
9.6
1993
19.5
14.3
18.9
16.3
3746
250
190
9.8
1994
19.3
14.2
18.3
16.0
3726
251
190
9.8
1995
19.3
14.2
18.3
16.0
3681
241
184
10.0
1996
19.3
14.0
18. 6
16.0
3795
256
195
9.7
1997
19.9
14.4
18.7
16.4
3811
242
181
10.5
1998
19.1
13.7
18.2
15.7
4101
263
194
10.5
1999
19.1
13. 6
18.0
15.7
4273
270
206
10.3
2000
19.2
13. 6
18.1
15.7
4201
265
207
10.1
2001
19.2
13.5
18.2
15.7
4232
261
204
10.3
2002
19.5
13. 8
17. 9
15.8
4408
244
214
10.3
2003
20.7
14.5
18.9
16.7
4290
250
211
10.1
2004
20.4
14.0
19.1
16.5
4275
256
220
9.8
2005
20.0
13.7
18.4
16.1
4510
257
224
10.1
2006
20.0
13. 8
18.5
16.1
4586
255
228
10.1
2007
21.5
14.8
19.5
17.2
4398
240
220
10.1
2008
22.9
15.8
20.7
18.2
4344
226
215
10.1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
HP/
HP/
TON-
CID
WT
MPG
432
. 0396
25.8
407
. 0368
26.8
408
. 0370
28.5
401
. 0365
27.9
451
. 0354
27.6
429
. 0315
29.8
450
. 0328
32.4
453
. 0328
32. 6
456
. 0342
31.9
526
. 0325
33.7
568
. 0313
35.3
613
. 0328
36.6
62 6
. 0400
37.1
640
. 0433
35.4
661
. 0441
35.3
676
. 0455
35.5
746
. 0486
34.9
794
. 0526
34.5
770
. 0508
36.6
765
. 0508
35.9
774
. 0498
35.5
767
. 0516
36.8
754
. 0475
38.0
743
. 0474
39.2
771
. 0483
40.8
784
. 0492
40.4
784
. 0483
40.6
880
. 0485
43.1
855
. 0494
44.5
859
. 0513
43.4
878
. 0497
45.2
894
. 0496
46.0
92 6
. 0498
47.4
974
. 0493
50.0
September 2008
TOP
SPEED
117
114
115
114
112
107
109
109
110
109
108
110
119
123
124
125
129
134
133
133
132
134
129
130
132
133
132
133
134
137
135
136
135
134
P-41
-------
Table P-21 (Continued)
Percent of Chrysler SUVs:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986 88.3 36.0 44.8 18.5 .1
1987 91.4 35.4 41.1 46.0 12.0 .1
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992 82.0 32.8 63.5 99.8 .2
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005 78.5 7.1 92.9 98.5 1.5
2006 78.0 7.6 92.4 98.8 1.2
2007 5.3 72.3 7.0 82.8 10.3 99.8 .2
2008 12.7 65.1 6.3 71.4 22.3 98.6 1.4
98.2
59.7
98.5
48.2
98.0
49.2
98.9
49.9
82.5
58.7
1.6
99. 4
65.0
4.2
98.7
61. 6
37.2
80.3
40.8
31.3
82.7
43.9
32. 6
92.5
38.1
29.6
86.2
27.7
39.7
88.3
36.0
44.8
91. 4
35.4
41.1
46.0
90. 0
26.1
56.5
64.0
91. 0
27.2
58.7
65.7
90. 9
27.1
60.3
67.1
89.9
32.1
58.5
94.9
82.0
32.8
63.5
99. 8
37.1
17. 8
80.2
100. 0
CO
N)
,
19.4
80.6
100. 0
CO
cn
Ch
21.9
78.1
100. 0
78.9
5.4
94. 6
100. 0
83.5
22.2
77. 8
100. 0
CO
Ch
12.8
87.2
100. 0
82.9
8.7
91.3
100. 0
77.5
7.9
92.1
100. 0
78.2
7.2
92.8
100. 0
77. 4
8.4
91. 6
100. 0
74. 6
9.7
90.3
100. 0
78.5
7.0
93. 0
100. 0
78.5
7.1
92.9
98.5
78.0
7.6
92.4
98.8
72.3
7.0
82.8 10.3
99. 8
65.1
6.3
71.4 22.3
98. 6
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-42
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
51.3
48.7
48.3
51.7
46.6
53.4
48.3
51.7
69.2
30.8
70.2
29.8
64.2
35.8
57.0
43.0
62.5
37.5
24.5
75.5
4.9
95.1
13.1
86.9
29.4
70.6
20.0
80.0
24.0
76.0
24.8
75.2
28.1
71.9
27.1
72.9
14. 6
85.4
16.2
83.8
100. 0
21.2
78.8
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
54.1
45.9
100. 0
14.9
65.4
19.7
100. 0
11.7
60.5
27.8
100. 0
12.5
61.2
26.4
100. 0
12.2
62.5
25.3
82.1
6.0 11.9
9.2
69. 4
21.4
98.3
1.7
14.3
58.6
27.1
98.9
1.1
12.9
68.9
18.2
97. 6
2.4
12.9
67.2
19.8
97. 8
2.2
14.1
70.8
15.1
87.3
12.7
11.1
18.5
68.4
13.1
73. 4
26.6
23.5
14.2
76.1
9.8
September 2008
-------
Table P-22 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Chrysler Marketing Group's Pickups
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1975
13.0
10.5
11.9
11.1
4345
338
155
13.2
1976
14.0
11.0
13.3
11.9
4338
335
158
13. 0
1977
14 .5
11.5
13.5
12.3
4335
341
159
12.9
1978
14 .5
11.7
13.2
12.3
4226
326
148
13. 4
1979
15.0
12.2
13.3
12.7
4041
272
130
14.1
1980
19.8
15.9
18.1
16.8
3430
206
110
14.1
1981
19.9
16.0
18.3
16.9
3564
218
108
14.8
1982
21.2
16.8
19.9
18.1
3470
217
109
14.4
1983
23.4
18. 6
21.8
19.9
3311
189
103
14.4
1984
19.4
15.4
18.1
16.5
3638
224
109
15.0
1985
18 . 6
14.9
17.1
15.8
3798
250
124
14.1
1986
20.2
16.0
18.7
17.1
3626
218
119
14.0
1987
21.2
16.5
19.9
17. 9
3611
221
122
13.7
1988
20.8
16.0
19.6
17.5
3652
226
126
13. 4
1989
19.9
15.2
19.0
16.8
3681
234
127
13. 4
1990
19.1
14.4
18.3
16.1
3991
255
141
13.3
1991
18.8
14.1
17. 9
15.8
4035
264
146
13.1
1992
19.2
14.1
18.8
16.1
4046
257
155
12.8
1993
18.9
13. 9
18.2
15.8
4111
263
156
12.9
1994
18.8
13. 8
17. 9
15. 6
4346
283
199
10.7
1995
17.8
13. 0
17. 0
14.7
4516
296
201
11.0
1996
17.4
12.5
16.8
14.4
4697
305
210
10.9
1997
17.7
12. 6
17.2
14.7
4765
309
209
11.0
1998
18.0
12.8
17.5
14.9
4783
299
207
11.2
1999
17.7
12.5
17.2
14. 6
4795
307
215
10.9
2000
18.4
12.9
17. 8
15.1
4662
292
214
10.7
2001
17.3
12.1
16.8
14.3
4905
306
221
10.9
2002
17.9
12. 6
16.7
14. 6
5011
290
225
10.9
2003
18 .2
12.8
16.7
14.7
5108
294
240
10.6
2004
17.9
12.4
16.7
14.5
5140
301
279
9.5
2005
18 .2
12.5
17. 0
14.7
5093
298
274
9.6
2006
19.0
13. 0
17. 8
15.4
5191
290
264
10.0
2007
19.3
13.2
18.1
15. 6
5023
294
269
9.7
2008
19.4
13.3
18.0
15.7
5331
295
278
9.8
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
HP/
HP/
TON-
CID
WT
MPG
456
. 0356
28.5
470
. 0363
30.7
466
. 0367
31.5
455
. 0349
30.9
510
. 0326
31.2
582
. 0327
34.2
533
. 0307
35. 6
533
. 0316
37.2
588
. 0315
39.5
521
. 0302
36.2
529
. 0326
36.1
592
. 0328
37. 4
580
. 0338
38.9
586
. 0347
38.5
569
. 0347
37.2
563
. 0354
38.7
562
. 0361
38.4
597
. 0380
39.0
583
. 0377
39.0
709
. 0458
41.0
686
. 0445
40.5
697
. 0449
40.8
686
. 0441
42.2
698
. 0434
43.1
704
. 0449
42.5
737
. 0460
43.0
725
. 0450
42. 6
783
. 0451
44.9
818
. 0469
46.5
921
. 0541
46.1
911
. 0534
46.4
908
. 0507
49.5
913
. 0534
48.6
941
. 0519
51.7
September 2008
TOP
SPEED
116
117
117
114
110
108
106
107
106
106
110
109
111
112
112
114
115
118
118
129
128
130
129
128
130
131
131
131
134
145
144
140
143
143
P-43
-------
Table P-22 (Continued)
Percent of Chrysler Pickups:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL
. 6
1.3
3.4
1.8
.5
. 1
. 0
1975
61.2
34.1
1976
52.2
31.5
1977
56.6
25.1
1978
44.4
29.0
1979
15.9
40.6
13.7
1980
15.3
62.1
20.0
1981
15.9
60.2
30.7
1982
12.3
24.2
59.5
24.3
1983
15. 6
18.8
60.7
9.7
1984
7.0
23.3
58.1
11.9
1985
23.0
38.4
10.1
1986
30.0
47.3
24.7
9.3
1987
26.4
39.4
41.8
5.7
5.8
1988
28.9
40.5
44.2
10.3
60.7
1989
27.7
38.2
48.3
9.3
75.5
1990
24.9
30.3
55.9
10.3
89.7
1991
25.4
25.3
66.1
10.0
90. 0
1992
26.0
23.1
76.3
95.2
4.8
1993
28.1
23.0
77. 0
97.2
2.8
1994
23.1
19.4
80.6
99.1
. 9
1995
35.0
16.5
83.5
94.0
6.0
1996
34.1
12.7
87.3
100. 0
1997
45. 6
10.2
89.8
100. 0
1998
38.7
14.8
85.2
100. 0
1999
43.5
11.6
88.4
100. 0
2000
41.7
10.0
90. 0
100. 0
2001
43.9
9.5
90.5
100. 0
2002
41.2
7.5
92.5
100. 0
2003
40.7
6.5
93.5
100. 0
2004
44.5
5.8
94.2
100. 0
2005
46.7
2.5
97.5
100. 0
2006
45.9
5.2
94.8
100. 0
2007
44.7
4.1
95.9
100. 0
2008
47.5
7.6
92.4
100. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-44
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
VEHICLE SIZE
WT HYBRID SMALL MID LARGE
. 0
100
. 0
100
. 0
100
. 0
100
15.2
7.3
77
36.3
14. 6
49
3.0
35.4
61
17.2
27.6
55
18.0
44.1
37
9.1
26.8
64
. 1
28.8
71
35.4
64
71.8
28
74.0
26
70.7
29
59.8
40
69. 9
30
83.3
16
83.6
16
55.0
45
100. 0
40.2
59
100. 0
27.2
72
100. 0
32.0
68
100. 0
34.1
65
100. 0
33.1
66
100. 0
22. 6
77
100. 0
15.7
84
100. 0
19.6
80
100. 0
5.0
95
99.3
.7
26.4
73
100. 0
100
100. 0
100
100. 0
100
100. 0
100
0
0
0
0
5
1
5
2
9
1
1
6
2
0
3
2
1
7
4
0
8
8
0
9
9
4
3
4
0
6
0
0
0
0
September 2008
-------
Table P-23 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Chrysler Marketing Group's Trucks
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1975
13.2
10.7
11.9
11.2
4080
319
145
13.2
1976
14 .3
11.3
13. 4
12.2
4151
323
148
13.2
1977
14 .5
11.6
13. 4
12.3
4178
331
151
13. 0
1978
14.4
11.6
13.1
12.3
4090
325
144
13.3
1979
14 .7
12.1
13.1
12.5
4028
290
133
13. 8
1980
18 .2
14. 6
16.6
15.4
3592
237
113
14.4
1981
18.8
15.1
17.3
16.0
3663
244
113
14.7
1982
19.5
15.5
18.2
16.6
3633
242
114
14.5
1983
20.7
16.5
19.1
17. 6
3528
225
110
14.5
1984
19.4
15.4
18.0
16.5
3655
218
111
14.9
1985
19. 6
15.7
18.1
16.7
3724
214
117
14. 6
1986
20.7
16.4
19.3
17. 6
3672
202
115
14.5
1987
21.3
16.6
20.1
18.0
3668
214
129
13. 4
1988
21.4
16.4
20.4
18.0
3723
214
137
12.9
1989
21.0
16.1
19.9
17.7
3743
213
138
13. 0
1990
21.4
16.1
20.6
18.0
3819
220
146
12.5
1991
21.1
15.9
20.0
17. 6
3885
220
150
12.5
1992
21.3
15.9
20.4
17. 8
3878
216
154
12.3
1993
21.2
15. 6
20.4
17.7
3836
224
163
11.6
1994
20.5
15.1
19.5
17. 0
3983
238
174
11.3
1995
20.1
14.7
19.1
16.6
3936
239
177
11.0
1996
20.2
14.5
19.4
16.7
4172
246
184
11.1
1997
20.2
14.5
19.3
16.7
4211
247
181
11.4
1998
20.0
14.2
19.3
16.5
4306
253
187
11.2
1999
19.9
14.0
19.0
16.3
4362
258
194
11.0
2000
20.4
14.3
19.4
16.7
4275
248
193
11.0
2001
19.5
13. 6
18. 6
15.9
4523
263
206
10.8
2002
20.0
14.0
18. 6
16.2
4562
247
210
10.7
2003
20.9
14. 6
19.2
16.8
4545
251
214
10.5
2004
19.8
13. 6
18. 6
16.0
4576
266
237
9.8
2005
20.9
14.3
19.6
16.9
4561
250
225
10.2
2006
21.0
14.3
19.7
16.9
4645
249
223
10.4
2007
21.6
14.7
20.0
17. 4
4519
245
224
10.2
2008
22 .5
15.4
20.7
18.0
4581
236
218
10.6
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
HP/
HP/
TON-
CID
WT
MPG
452
. 0358
27.2
455
. 0357
29.8
454
. 0362
30.4
441
. 0352
29.6
476
. 0334
30.1
512
. 0319
33. 0
485
. 0310
34.7
491
. 0315
35.8
523
. 0315
37.3
548
. 0305
36.4
585
. 0312
37.3
610
. 0313
38.8
633
. 0352
39.7
669
. 0371
40.4
676
. 0371
40.0
683
. 0386
41.5
698
. 0388
41.7
720
. 0398
41.9
732
. 0425
41.2
740
. 0437
41.3
752
. 0449
40.0
762
. 0443
42.7
747
. 0430
42.9
755
. 0435
43.4
766
. 0445
43.7
784
. 0450
44.0
796
. 0456
44.6
861
. 0461
46.1
858
. 0470
47.8
886
. 0514
45.4
900
. 0490
48.2
897
. 0479
49.1
915
. 0492
49.0
930
. 0472
51.8
September 2008
TOP
SPEED
115
115
116
114
111
108
107
108
107
107
108
108
113
115
115
118
118
119
123
125
126
126
125
126
128
128
130
131
132
138
135
134
135
133
P-45
-------
Table P-23 (Continued)
Percent of Chrysler Trucks:
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK CVT
MODEL
YEAR
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
38.4
44.2
46.1
46.5
30.6
36.3
36.5
30.2
29.5
33. 9
26.2
32.2
31.8
30.4
30.8
26.3
29.4
23.6
18.7
30.9
42.8
32.3
40.6
44.4
46.4
43.5
44.7
46.9
40.1
58.6
39.9
45.0
47.5
45.8
31.5
29.5
25.9
29.5
37. 4
54.9
51.2
43.9
47.8
36.8
22.5
27.7
25.0
19.5
17.3
12.7
13.1
12.2
10.4
10.4
12. 6
4.6
10.0
9.0
6.4
5.4
5.9
5.8
5.5
5.8
3.2
4.5
4.5
5.0
12.8
23.3
42.0
33.5
20.5
17.1
14.9
27.5
47.4
63. 6
58.2
80.2
82. 6
85.7
88.5
88.7
86.7
94.9
89.6
91. 0
93. 6
94. 6
94.1
94.2
94.5
94.2
96.8
95.5
90.1 5.4
82.4 12.6
. 4
6.3
8.5
27.1
36.1
33. 4
31.9
41.8
43.3
51.3
48.2
52.1
45.5
38.3
31.6
41.6
34.5
30.9
29.8
32.3
25.7
25.2
30.5
10.9
39.4
33.2
28.8
31.8
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI DSL
.2
.5
1.9
.5
.3
7.3
. 0
29.9
4.9
. 0
52.2
33. 6
51.5
40.2
62.9
33.2
69. 6
29.9
92.5
7.5
95.7
4.3
97.2
2.8
96.3
3.7
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
99.5
.5
99. 4
. 6
99. 9
. 1
99.2
. 8
P-46
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
14.4
67. 9
17
12.0
50.1
38
12.2
51.8
36
14.8
48.7
36
26.5
40.6
32
38.8
33. 6
27
20.3
49.6
30
21.5
49.0
29
24.3
54.1
21
12.2
67. 8
19
3.9
75.2
20
7.9
72.4
19
10.9
79.2
9
6.7
85.7
7
7.8
85.2
6
6.2
86.5
7
8.3
85.9
5
7.5
88.9
3
5.9
91. 6
2
5.2
84.3
10
99.5
.5
8.9
76.9
14
97. 8
2.2
82.7
17
97. 4
2.6
17.5
63. 6
18
96.9
3.1
5.6
68.0
26
96.4
3.6
5.0
66.7
28
96.3
3.7
5.5
64.7
29
98.1
1.9
4.4
54.9
40
89.5
2.7 7.8
4.2
62.7
33
97. 8
2.2
5.1
53.7
41
98.7
1.3
7.1
58.2
34
97. 8
2.2
4.7
64.1
31
97. 6
2.4
6.3
64.8
28
92.5
7.5
5.8 9.7
61. 9
28
73. 0
27.0
13.3 8.0
67. 6
24
7
0
0
4
9
6
1
5
6
9
9
7
9
6
9
3
8
6
4
5
3
2
9
3
4
7
7
1
2
7
1
9
4
4
September 2008
-------
Table P-24 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Chrysler Marketing Group's All
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1975
15.0
11.8
14.1
12.8
4141
302
142
13. 8
1976
16.1
12. 6
15.3
13.7
4074
295
137
14.1
1977
16.0
12.5
15.3
13. 6
4144
302
138
14.2
1978
17.5
13.7
16.5
14.9
3815
273
130
13.7
1979
18 . 6
14.8
17.3
15.8
3613
244
118
14.2
1980
21.4
16.8
20.3
18.2
3207
198
95
15.3
1981
24.5
19.1
23.3
20.8
2981
173
95
14.3
1982
24.5
19.3
23.3
20.9
3125
187
99
14.3
1983
25.8
20.5
24.1
22.0
3029
172
95
14.5
1984
24.7
19.5
23.3
21.0
3076
167
98
14.4
1985
24.4
19.3
23.1
20.8
3175
172
109
13. 6
1986
24.8
19.5
23.2
21.0
3202
170
108
13. 8
1987
24 . 6
19.0
23.3
20.8
3222
179
116
13.2
1988
24.7
18.8
23.6
20.8
3313
181
122
12.9
1989
24.1
18.2
23.1
20.2
3405
182
125
13. 0
1990
23.9
17. 9
23.2
20.1
3529
192
136
12.5
1991
24.1
18.0
22.9
20.1
3512
188
137
12.4
1992
23.7
17. 6
22.5
19.7
3576
193
142
12.3
1993
23.5
17.2
22.7
19.6
3567
202
151
11.7
1994
22 .2
16.2
21.3
18.4
3768
218
164
11.4
1995
22.9
16.6
22.1
19.0
3619
203
166
10.8
1996
22 .2
15.8
21.6
18.3
3882
215
177
10.8
1997
22 .2
15.7
21.6
18.3
3914
217
174
11.0
1998
21.9
15.4
21.3
18.0
3990
221
177
11.0
1999
21.5
15.0
20.8
17. 6
4120
231
192
10.7
2000
22 .3
15.5
21.4
18.2
3987
217
186
10.7
2001
21.7
15.0
20.7
17.7
4161
227
196
10.5
2002
21.7
15.1
20.3
17. 6
4230
220
204
10.4
2003
22 .3
15.5
20.5
17. 9
4267
228
203
10.4
2004
22.0
15.1
20.6
17.7
4236
230
223
9.7
2005
22 . 6
15.3
21.2
18.2
4279
227
221
9.9
2006
22 .5
15.3
21.2
18.1
4376
234
231
9.7
2007
22.9
15. 6
21.3
18.4
4318
231
225
9.8
2008
23.6
16.1
21.9
18.9
4360
223
221
10.1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
HP/
HP/
TON-
CID
WT
MPG
480
. 0342
31.5
468
. 0333
33.2
467
. 0331
33. 6
505
. 0338
34.0
523
. 0325
34.2
529
. 0295
34. 6
593
. 0322
36.8
573
. 0318
38.9
597
. 0315
39.9
633
. 0320
38.9
Ch
CO
CO
. 0346
39.5
687
. 0340
40.4
690
. 0360
40.0
703
. 0368
41.4
711
. 0366
41.7
731
. 0384
42.7
749
. 0390
42.8
748
. 0396
42.8
756
. 0421
42.5
761
. 0433
42.3
858
. 0460
42.2
868
. 0461
43.6
846
. 0448
43.8
847
. 0447
44.1
869
. 0467
44.7
893
. 0468
44.9
903
. 0473
45.8
962
. 0487
46.4
919
. 0476
47.9
998
. 0524
46.9
997
. 0516
48.7
011
. 0531
49.6
996
. 0520
49.8
011
. 0506
51.7
September 2008
TOP
SPEED
113
112
112
111
109
104
106
106
106
106
110
109
112
113
113
116
117
118
121
124
126
127
126
126
129
129
130
133
131
138
137
139 1
138
136 1
P-47
-------
Table P-24 (Continued)
Percent of Chrysler All:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
1975
7.3
12.3
1976
9.2
14.3
1977
9.5
11.6
1978
8.7
12. 6
18.0
38.7
1979
18.3
8.8
24.2
38.3
1980
30.4
11.5
33. 6
39.9
1981
57.1
7.9
36.4
19.4
. 6
1982
54.2
10.1
28.9
23.2
.2
1983
61.5
10.1
31.3
16.0
. 6
11.5
1984
69.7
12.0
28.4
12.1
6.6
16.5
1985
70.1
9.2
20.7
13.7
10.4
20.3
1986
67.2
13. 4
22.4
18.3
10.6
32.8
1987
64.8
13. 6
20.2
38.2
22.3
28.1
1988
69. 6
14.3
16.3
70.9
38.9
48.2
1989
70.7
15.4
15.5
68.1
47.7
47.3
1990
74. 6
13.7
13.2
82.4
62.3
35.7
1991
74.8
14.8
14.2
83.3
65. 6
34.2
1992
71.6
14.5
13. 8
84.8
78.9
21.1
1993
67.7
11.1
11.2
87.7
84.0
16.0
1994
59.5
20.2
9.4
89.9
88.1
11.9
1995
60. 8
24.6
13.2
86.4
96.6
3.4
1996
61. 6
21.2
6.4
93.3
100. 0
1997
57.1
26.6
9.2
90.5
100. 0
1998
51.1
31.4
8.6
91. 4
100. 0
1999
49.6
33.2
5.4
94. 6
100. 0
2000
54.3
29.3
4.9
95.1
100. 0
2001
48.6
29.5
5.8
94.2
100. 0
2002
47.8
32.4
6.0
94.0
100. 0
2003
46.3
31.6
6.2
93. 8
100. 0
2004
39.0
41.0
5.5
94.5
100. 0
2005
47.8
28.4
3.8
96.2
99. 6
2006
37. 9
29.7
3.4
96.6
99.7
2007
38.3
34.9
3.8
87.0 9.2
99. 9
2008
40.5
33. 8
5.1
83.7 11.2
99.5
. 1
.2
. 4
.3
. 1
.5
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-48
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
41.7
39.7
18
41.3
41.3
17
32.8
46.5
20
42.3
44.0
13
37.7
44.7
17
56.7
34.1
9
46.6
47.2
6
35. 6
56.7
7
39.5
54.9
5
39.6
54.0
6
30.6
62.1
7
28.6
63. 4
8
32.3
63.5
4
30.3
64.2
5
29.2
65.3
5
27.9
63.7
8
28.4
63. 6
8
27.4
67.3
5
22.1
66.7
11
16.2
61.7
22
67. 0
. 1
32.9
28.5
50.8
20
68.1
. 0
31.9
15.9
62.3
21
66.1
33. 9
26.3
50.3
23
68.5
31.5
18.8
57.4
23
68.9
31.1
11.6
54.9
33
64.9
35.1
17.1
50.8
32
64.0
2.7
33.3
21.8
43.4
34
61. 9
2.3
35.8
18.9
49.8
31
74.8
25.2
21.0
44.2
34
63.5
36.5
19.9
47.2
32
67. 8
32.2
17. 9
50.4
31
67. 6
32.4
12.7
48.2
39
68.2
.5
31.3
13.6
19.2
49.2
31
50.7
.5
48.8
15 .5
14.1
57.4
28
6
3
7
7
6
1
3
7
6
4
3
0
2
4
4
4
0
3
2
1
8
9
4
8
5
0
8
4
8
8
7
1
7
4
September 2008
-------
Table P-25
Characteristics
of 1975 to 2008 Toyota Marketing Group's Cars
YEAR < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPEED CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975 21.2
1976 25.0
1977 28.8
1978 27.0
1979 23.9
1980 27.4
1981 31.1
1982 30.5
1983 31.7
1984 32.8
1985 32.1
1986 32.3
1987 33.0
1988 32.7
1989 31.9
1990 30.4
1991 30.6
1992 28.9
1993 28.9
1994 29.0
1995 30.0
1996 29.5
1997 29.8
1998 30.2
1999 30.4
2000 30.5
2001 31.3
2002 30.7
2003 32.2
2004 32.4
2005 34.5
2006 34.2
2007 34.9
2008 35.6
16.0 21.6
19.1 25.1
22.3 28.0
21.1 25.9
18.6 23.0
21.6 25.8
24.7 28.9
24.0 28.9
25.0 29.9
25.8 30.9
25.2 30.4
25.2 30.5
25.4 31.3
25.2 30.7
24.4 29.8
23.1 28.6
23.0 28.5
21.5 27.2
21.2 27.5
21.1 27.6
21.6 28.6
21.1 27.9
21.1 28.3
21.2 28.6
21.2 28.5
21.1 28.8
21.4 29.3
20.9 28.8
21.7 30.0
21.6 30.1
22.9 31.5
22.8 31.1
23.3 31.5
23.8 32.0
18.1 2746
21.4 2742
24.6 2623
23.0 2611
20.4 2708
23.3 2622
26.4 2555
26.0 2576
26.9 2744
27.9 2712
27.3 2778
27.4 2769
27.8 2822
27.5 2778
26.7 2829
25.4 2959
25.4 2920
24.0 3096
23.9 3144
23.9 3144
24.6 3175
24.1 3204
24.3 3232
24.6 3313
24.6 3304
24.7 3260
25.1 3242
24.6 3352
25.7 3217
25.7 3330
27.1 3263
26.9 3288
27.3 3370
27.8 3346
129
116
84.5
108
88.2
112
86.3
113
89.3
115
88.8
114
89.9
118
95.3
124
97.5
118
95.7
122
97.1
116
95.3
115
94.8
111
94.7
115
95.9
122
96.3
121
101.2
129
103. 8
132
104.2
131
105.3
135
106.7
134
106.2
137
108.3
143
107. 8
142
107. 6
141
106. 9
141
111. 1
154
111. 0
143
111. 4
147
110.2
141
108.1
144
109. 6
146
109.2
144
94 13.3
85 14.4
79 14.7
82 14.4
81 14.9
78 14.9
76 15.1
81 14.6
92 14.1
89 14.3
101 13.3
99 13.5
107 12.8
105 12.7
110 12.4
122 12.0
121 11.9
131 11.7
138 11.4
131 11.8
139 11.4
134 11.8
142 11.5
152 11.0
153 11.0
155 10.6
156 10.7
170 10.2
161 10.1
166 10.0
157 10.2
164 10.0
170 9.9
167 9.9
108 .727
104 .741
102 .743
104 .741
103 .729
102 .682
101 .668
103 .684
106 .732
105 .744
110 .819
109 .839
112 .919
111 .932
113 .952
116 .992
116 .998
118 1.017
120 1.039
118 1.002
121 1.029
119 .997
121 1.030
124 1.057
125 1.070
126 1.107
127 1.106
130 1.107
129 1.134
129 1.125
126 1.106
128 1.127
129 1.138
128 1.128
.0341 29.2
.0309 34.4
.0301 38.3
.0313 35.9
.0299 32.7
.0298 36.2
.0294 40.0
.0309 39.5
.0327 43.6
.0323 44.7
.0356 44.8
.0349 44.8
.0371 46.7
.0371 45.5
.0384 45.2
.0403 45.1
.0406 44.7
.0416 44.6
.0430 45.4
.0412 45.6
.0431 47.6
.0415 47.2
.0432 48.2
.0456 50.3
.0459 50.3
.0475 49.9
.0477 51.5
.0503 52.1
.0497 52.3
.0490 55.3
.0474 58.5
.0488 58.1
.0492 60.9
.0486 62.0
2514
3244
2444
3157
2116
2821
2516
3234
2821
3548
2798
3549
3123
4160
3287
4364
3156
4303
3198
4354
3225
4450
3151
4321
3072
4290
2956
4330
2988
4311
2969
4525
3062
4729
3074
4758
3201
5020
3183
5045
3190
5135
3317
5449
3310
5425
3331
5382
3441
5501
3494
5794
3645
5800
3772
6166
4031
6466
3909
6306
4047
6699
4135
6809
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-49
September 2008
-------
Table P-25 (Continued)
Percent of Toyota Cars:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL
1975
78.5
1976
65.7
1977
77.3
1978
70.6
1979
65. 6
6.4
1980
19.6
64.8
5.3
1981
22.2
59.9
6.4
1982
26.8
57.4
4.5
12.9
1983
42.2
56.9
16.7
56.8
1984
56.1
46.4
42.3
48.8
1985
47.8
46.4
40.7
69.3
1986
81.5
40.6
55.8
62.4
1987
80.0
40.6
59.4
57.0
1988
94.1
.3
34.0
66.0
51.2
1989
90. 8
. 4
29.0
71.0
54.4
1990
91.2
. 1
23.2
76.8
88.6
1991
83.9
27.1
72.9
100. 0
1992
60. 0
21.5
78.5
100. 0
1993
91. 0
19.1
80.9
100. 0
1994
94.0
17.2
82.8
100. 0
1995
61.7
10.8
89.2
100. 0
1996
96.0
8.2
91. 8
100. 0
1997
96.9
5.7
94.3
100. 0
1998
93.1
4.0
96.0
100. 0
1999
94.5
4.9
95.1
100. 0
2000
95.3
7.7
92.3
100. 0
2001
88.9
6.4
91. 9
1.8
100. 0
2002
89.3
5.4
92.2
2.4
100. 0
2003
93. 4
4.9
93.7
1.4
100. 0
2004
93. 0
4.0
90.7
5.3
100. 0
2005
96.0
6.2
83.9
9.9
100. 0
2006
88.2
3.1
6.6
85.2
8.2
100. 0
2007
92.7
1.6
4.9
81.9
13.2
100. 0
2008
92. 6
1.5
5.3
78.8
15.9
2.9 97.1
2.0
.7
.2
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-50
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
84.4
15. 6
32.2
16.3
51.6
10.8
17. 8
71.4
18.4
81.6
12. 6
87.4
15.9
84.1
12.7
87.3
13.5
86.5
13. 8
86.2
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
VEHICLE SIZE
WT HYBRID SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
6.0
94.0
6.0
5.9
94.1
5.9
7.9
60.2
39.8
8 . 6
55.5
44.5
5.5
53.2
46.8
6.2
49.1
43.2
7.8
4.0
43.3
48.0
8.7
3.0
43.6
47.3
9.1
6.8
35.7
55.1
9.2
10.5
40.9
52.4
6.7
52 .7
43.2
45.5
11.3
60.8
49.8
38.0
12.2
87.8
2.4
34.4
58.4
7.2
97.3
1.4
44.4
46.5
9.0
100.0
5.3
41.3
49.6
9.1
100.0
9.9
43.0
50.0
7.1
100.0
8.2
54.7
34.5
10.8
100.0
13. 4
37.7
57.7
4.6
100.0
16.3
41.6
52.9
5.5
September 2008
-------
Table P-26
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Toyota Marketing Group's Wagons
YEAR < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPEED CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975 22.8
1976 24.6
1977 27.8
1978 25.5
1979 24.9
1980 27.4
1981 29.1
1982 29.3
1983 34.8
1984 33.9
1985 35.1
1986 32.1
1987 32.6
1988 31.5
1989 30.6
1990 29.9
1991 30.8
1992 28.9
1993 29.7
1994 29.5
1995 30.8
1996 30.6
2003 35.2
2004 36.1
2005 37.0
2006 36.5
2007 36.5
2008 33.5
18.0 21.5
19.1 23.8
21.8 26.5
20.3 23.6
19.6 23.7
22.0 25.2
23.4 26.6
23.5 26.8
28.1 31.5
27.2 31.0
27.8 33.0
25.5 29.4
25.3 30.6
24.4 29.4
23.4 28.7
22.7 27.9
23.3 28.4
21.5 27.1
21.7 28.4
21.3 28.2
22.1 29.4
21.8 29.1
24.5 30.4
25.0 30.9
25.5 31.2
25.1 30.8
24.9 31.4
22.9 29.1
19.4 2693
21.0 2703
23.7 2661
21.7 2701
21.2 2622
23.3 2605
24.7 2584
24.9 2562
29.5 2498
28.8 2573
29.9 2515
27.2 2618
27.5 2902
26.5 2919
25.6 2941
25.0 2995
25.6 2937
23.9 3073
24.6 3096
24.3 3205
25.3 3230
25.1 3227
27.5 3000
28.0 2927
28.4 2880
28.1 2848
28.2 3000
26.1 3282
113
114
109.2 109
108.8 114
108.5 107
111.8 114
110.0 116
111.2 115
98.0 97
119.8 95
117.9 98
121.4 98
123.5 116
121.2 113
120.5 115
120.7 115
120.4 111
127.1 122
130.9 130
131.0 130
131.4 131
131.4 131
111.3 110
115.9 104
113.8 101
113.2 98
116.0 110
119.7 129
84 14.4
84 14.5
80 14.8
84 14.5
79 14.8
79 14.8
76 15.3
75 15.3
70 15.7
68 16.8
64 16.8
73 16.4
104 13.3
107 12.9
110 12.6
117 12.2
112 12.4
126 12.0
136 11.2
131 11.7
135 11.5
132 11.7
135 10.9
125 11.4
119 11.6
112 12.1
126 11.4
144 11.0
104 .748
104 .744
102 .740
104 .742
102 .743
102 .689
101 .653
101 .653
99 .720
98 .708
97 .648
99 .724
110 .890
111 .939
112 .959
114 1.017
113 1.014
117 1.036
121 1.052
118 1.018
119 1.035
118 1.016
122 1.227
118 1.193
117 1.184
114 1.134
118 1.145
122 1.118
.0311 30.8
.0310 33.4
.0300 37.2
.0309 34.9
.0301 32.9
.0301 35.9
.0291 37.7
.0292 37.5
.0279 43.5
.0260 43.8
.0253 44.2
.0271 42.2
.0356 47.3
.0363 46.1
.0372 45.1
.0388 45.0
.0381 45.4
.0404 44.5
.0436 46.3
.0410 47.2
.0417 49.6
.0409 49.3
.0450 52.9
.0425 52.9
.0414 53.3
.0391 51.9
.0420 54.7
.0438 54.9
3068
4063
2830
3786
2729
3560
3094
4010
3208
4146
3260
4174
3421
4268
4104
5243
4156
5217
3957
5132
4028
5845
3857
5599
3741
5445
3660
5433
3748
5472
3694
5 65 6
3940
6048
3906
6182
4079
6527
4062
6484
3927
5891
4187
6127
4214
6064
4130
5882
4231
6347
4020
6576
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-51
September 2008
-------
Table P-26 (Continued)
Percent of Toyota Wagons:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL
1975
59.1
1976
45.5
1977
60.1
1978
51.4
1979
49.8
1980
46.5
3.8
1981
44.4
6.3
1982
43.4
10.0
1983
95.5
56.3
2.0
2.0
1984
40.3
52.4
58.8
7.3
7.3
1985
1.6
96.4
42.0
56.1
2.0
1986
88.2
51.5
11.8
11.8
1987
90.2
8.2
17. 6
73.7
78.8
1988
89.2
10.8
26.9
71.8
62.3
1989
86.2
13. 8
27.0
73. 0
63.3
1990
92.2
7.8
20.2
79.8
100. 0
1991
100. 0
24.8
75.2
100. 0
1992
84.5
24.1
75.9
100. 0
1993
100. 0
15.2
84.8
100. 0
1994
100. 0
18.8
81.2
100. 0
1995
74.2
16.3
83.7
100. 0
1996
100. 0
12. 6
87.4
100. 0
2003
90.1
9.9
18.8
81.2
100. 0
2004
91.5
8.5
20.7
79.3
100. 0
2005
92.7
7.3
20.5
79.5
100. 0
2006
92.8
7.2
19.0
81.0
100. 0
2007
100. 0
12.9
87.1
100. 0
2008
100. 0
21.7
78.3
100. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-52
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICIiE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
98.0
2.0
88.2
11.8
77.3
98.4
1.6
95.8
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
61. 0
39.0
100. 0
53.8
46.2
100. 0
53.7
46.3
100. 0
51.3
48.7
100. 0
51.3
48.7
100. 0
100.0
100. 0
100. 0
100.0
100. 0
100. 0
100.0
100. 0
100. 0
100.0
100. 0
100. 0
100.0
100. 0
100. 0
100.0
100. 0
September 2008
-------
Table P-27 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Toyota Marketing Group's Cars and Wagons
YEAR < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPEED CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975 22.0
1976 25.0
1977 28.7
1978 26.8
1979 24.0
1980 27.4
1981 30.9
1982 30.4
1983 32.6
1984 32.9
1985 32.8
1986 32.3
1987 32.9
1988 32.7
1989 31.8
1990 30.4
1991 30.6
1992 28.9
1993 29.0
1994 29.1
1995 30.0
1996 29.5
1997 29.8
1998 30.2
1999 30.4
2000 30.5
2001 31.3
2002 30.7
2003 32.4
2004 32.7
2005 34.7
2006 34.5
2007 34.9
2008 35.5
17.0 21.5
19.1 24.9
22.3 27.8
21.0 25.6
18.7 23.1
21.7 25.7
24.6 28.7
24.0 28.7
25.9 30.4
26.0 30.9
25.9 31.1
25.2 30.5
25.4 31.2
25.2 30.6
24.3 29.8
23.0 28.5
23.0 28.5
21.5 27.2
21.2 27.5
21.1 27.6
21.6 28.6
21.1 27.9
21.1 28.3
21.2 28.6
21.2 28.5
21.1 28.8
21.4 29.3
20.9 28.8
21.9 30.1
21.9 30.2
23.1 31.4
23.0 31.1
23.3 31.5
23.7 31.8
18.8 2718
21.3 2735
24.5 2628
22.8 2622
20.5 2701
23.3 2620
26.3 2557
25.9 2575
27.7 2663
28.0 2697
28.0 2708
27.3 2761
27.8 2831
27.5 2786
26.6 2836
25.4 2961
25.4 2921
24.0 3096
24.0 3142
24.0 3145
24.7 3177
24.2 3204
24.3 3232
24.6 3313
24.6 3304
24.7 3260
25.1 3242
24.6 3352
25.8 3200
25.9 3295
27.2 3223
27.0 3236
27.3 3362
27.7 3342
121
115
88.1 108
90.7 113
88.1 113
91.0 115
90.5 114
91.4 118
96.2 115
99.8 116
101.6 116
98.4 115
98.7 115
96.3 111
96.3 115
97.1 122
97.3 120
101.9 129
104.7 132
104.8 131
105.9 135
107.1 134
106.2 137
108.3 143
107.8 142
107.6 141
106.9 141
111.1 154
111.0 140
111.8 143
110.6 137
108.7 138
109.8 145
109.9 143
89 13.9
85 14.5
80 14.8
82 14.4
81 14.9
78 14.9
76 15.1
81 14.7
85 14.6
87 14.5
91 14.2
97 13.6
107 12.9
105 12.7
110 12.4
121 12.0
120 11.9
131 11.8
138 11.4
131 11.8
139 11.4
134 11.8
142 11.5
152 11.0
153 11.0
155 10.6
156 10.7
170 10.2
159 10.1
162 10.1
153 10.3
158 10.3
169 9.9
165 10.0
106 .738
104 .741
102 .742
104 .741
102 .730
102 .682
101 .667
103 .682
104 .728
105 .740
106 .774
108 .833
111 .916
111 .932
113 .952
116 .994
116 .999
118 1.017
120 1.039
118 1.002
121 1.030
119 .997
121 1.030
124 1.057
125 1.070
126 1.107
127 1.106
130 1.107
128 1.142
128 1.131
125 1.114
127 1.128
129 1.138
128 1.128
.0325 30.0
.0309 34.3
.0301 38.2
.0313 35.8
.0299 32.7
.0298 36.2
.0294 39.8
.0308 39.3
.0311 43.6
.0316 44.6
.0329 44.6
.0345 44.7
.0369 46.7
.0371 45.6
.0383 45.2
.0402 45.1
.0405 44.7
.0415 44.6
.0430 45.5
.0412 45.6
.0431 47.7
.0414 47.3
.0432 48.2
.0456 50.3
.0459 50.3
.0475 49.9
.0477 51.5
.0503 52.1
.0493 52.3
.0485 55.1
.0468 57.9
.0476 57.3
.0490 60.7
.0483 61.5
2593
3361
2491
3233
2166
2882
2561
3295
2851
3595
2829
3591
3221
4196
3372
4455
3420
4544
3240
4397
3320
4616
3192
4396
3113
4359
2993
4387
3023
4363
2989
4558
3091
4774
3094
4792
3222
5056
3196
5066
3190
5135
3317
5449
3310
5425
3331
5382
3441
5501
3494
5794
3668
5808
3808
6162
4050
6424
3935
6256
4052
6691
4127
6792
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-53
September 2008
-------
Table P-27 (Continued)
Percent of Toyota Cars and Wagons:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL
1975
68.3
1976
62.0
1977
74.8
1978
68.2
1979
64.3
5.9
1980
18.1
63. 4
5.2
1981
20.4
58.7
6.4
1982
25.0
56.5
4.2
12.8
1983
28.3
31.5
56.7
11.9
38.7
1984
54.4
5.5
47.7
38.7
44.4
1985
35. 6
25.5
45.2
44.8
51.5
1986
81.9
41.2
53.4
59.6
1987
81.3
1.0
37. 9
61.1
59.6
1988
93. 9
. 9
33. 6
66.4
51.8
1989
90.5
1.2
28.9
71.1
55.0
1990
91.2
.5
23.1
76.9
89.2
1991
84.7
27.0
73. 0
100. 0
1992
60.7
21.6
78.4
100. 0
1993
91.3
19.0
81.0
100. 0
1994
94.2
17.2
82.8
100. 0
1995
62.0
10.9
89.1
100. 0
1996
96.0
8.2
91. 8
100. 0
1997
96.9
5.7
94.3
100. 0
1998
93.1
4.0
96.0
100. 0
1999
94.5
4.9
95.1
100. 0
2000
95.3
7.7
92.3
100. 0
2001
88.9
6.4
91. 9
1.8
100. 0
2002
89.3
5.4
92.2
2.4
100. 0
2003
93.1
. 8
6.0
92.7
1.3
100. 0
2004
92.8
.7
5.5
89.7
4.8
100. 0
2005
95.7
. 8
7.7
83.5
8.9
100. 0
2006
88.8
3.6
8.1
84.7
7.2
100. 0
2007
92.9
1.5
5.1
82.0
12.9
100. 0
2008
93.1
1.4
6.5
78.8
14.8
2.7 97.3
1.8
.5
.2
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-54
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
85.2
14.8
31.0
14.3
54.6
10.2
17. 0
72.8
17.3
82.7
11.9
88.1
15.2
84.8
12.4
87.6
13. 0
87.0
13.5
86.5
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
VEHICLE SIZE
WT HYBRID SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
99.5
.5
99.3
.7
99. 8
.2
100. 0
100. 0
5.7
94.3
5.7
5 . 6
94.4
5.6
7.7
60.2
39.8
8.3
55.4
44.6
5.4
53.3
46.7
6.0
49.1
43.3
7.6
3.9
43.4
48.0
8.6
3.0
43.6
47.3
9.1
6.8
35.7
55.1
9.2
10.5
40.9
52.4
6.7
52 .7
43.2
45.5
11.3
60.8
49.8
38.0
12.2
87.8
2.4
34.4
58.4
7.2
97.5
1.3
48.9
42.8
8.3
100.0
4.8
46.4
45.3
8.3
100.0
8.9
48.8
44.8
6.4
100.0
7.2
60.1
30.4
9.5
100.0
13.1
39.2
56.3
4.5
100.0
15.1
45.7
49.1
5.1
September 2008
-------
Table P-28 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Toyota Marketing Group's Vans
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1975
20.5
16.2
19.3
17.5
3500
133
96
16.1
1984
27.0
22.1
24.0
22.9
3396
122
90
16.5
1985
26.6
21.7
23.9
22. 6
3274
122
90
16.0
1986
26.3
21.4
23.4
22.2
3435
137
101
15.2
1987
25 .5
20.6
22.5
21.5
3285
137
101
14. 6
1988
25.8
20.7
22.7
21.6
3515
137
101
15.5
1989
25.9
20.7
22. 6
21.5
3552
137
101
15. 6
1991
22.9
17.3
21.5
19.1
4000
149
138
13. 4
1992
22 .3
16.7
21.0
18. 6
4000
149
138
13. 4
1993
21.9
16.5
20.0
18.1
4000
148
138
13. 4
1994
22.0
16.3
20.6
18.2
4025
149
141
13.3
1995
22 . 6
16.7
20.8
18. 6
4104
149
158
12.3
1996
22.4
16.5
20.5
18.4
4065
149
161
12.0
1997
22 .3
16.3
20.3
18.2
4137
149
161
12.2
1998
24.2
17. 0
23.2
19.8
4000
183
194
10.2
1999
24.1
16.9
23.0
19.7
4000
183
190
10.4
2000
24.1
Ch
CO
22.9
19.6
4000
183
190
10.4
2001
24.7
17.3
22.9
20.0
4000
183
210
9.6
2002
24.7
17.2
22.8
19.9
4000
183
210
9.6
2003
24.7
17.1
22.8
19.9
4000
183
210
9.6
2004
25.4
17.1
24.3
20.5
4500
202
230
9.8
2005
24.7
16.5
23.6
19.9
4500
202
230
9.8
2006
24.8
16.5
23.7
20.0
4500
202
215
10.3
2007
26.1
17.7
24.1
20.8
4500
211
266
8.7
2008
26.0
17. 6
24.0
20.7
4500
211
266
8.7
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
HP/
HP/
TON-
CID
WT
MPG
722
. 0274
35.9
738
. 0266
45.9
738
. 0276
43.6
737
. 0295
45.2
737
. 0310
41.8
737
. 0288
45.4
737
. 0285
45.9
92 6
. 0345
45.7
92 6
. 0345
44.6
931
. 0345
43.8
945
. 0350
44.3
059
. 0385
46.3
081
. 0397
45.5
081
. 0390
46.0
060
. 0485
48.4
038
. 0475
48.2
038
. 0475
48.2
148
. 0525
49.5
148
. 0525
49.5
148
. 0525
49.5
139
. 0511
57.3
139
. 0511
55. 6
064
. 0478
55.8
261
. 0591
58.9
261
. 0591
58.6
September 2008
TOP
SPEED
102
101
102
105
106
104
104
113
113
113
114
119 1
120 1
119 1
131 1
130 1
130 1
137 1
137 1
137 1
137 1
137 1
133 1
148 1
148 1
P-55
-------
Table P-28 (Continued)
Percent of Toyota Vans:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT
1975
1984
26.6
73. 4
1985
28.1
71.9
1986
16.7
83.3
1987
16.2
15. 6
84.4
1988
12.9
14.5
85.5
1989
14.7
7.8
92.2
1991
14.8
3.6
96.4
1992
15. 6
4.2
95.8
1993
11.3
4.1
95.9
1994
17.3
100. 0
1995
23.2
100. 0
1996
13.1
100. 0
1997
27.4
100. 0
1998
100. 0
100. 0
1999
100. 0
100. 0
2000
100. 0
100. 0
2001
100. 0
100. 0
2002
100. 0
100. 0
2003
100. 0
100. 0
2004
88.2
11.8
100. 0
2005
86.0
14.0
100. 0
2006
89.2
10.8
100. 0
2007
91.7
8.3
100. 0
2008
88.3
11.7
100. 0
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI DSL
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-56
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
September 2008
-------
Table P-29 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Toyota Marketing Group's SUVs
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1975
12.0
9.0
12.2
10.2
4000
257
110
15.7
1976
10.9
8.1
11.4
9.3
4082
258
125
14.4
1977
13.6
10.7
13. 0
11.6
4030
258
125
14.3
1978
12 .7
9.7
12.7
10.9
4078
258
125
14.4
1979
13.8
11.0
12.7
11.7
4039
258
125
14.3
1980
13.8
11.0
12.8
11.7
4001
258
125
14.2
1981
14 .3
11.3
13. 4
12.2
4239
258
125
14.8
1982
14 .2
11.2
13. 4
12.1
4342
258
125
15.1
1983
14.1
11.2
13.3
12.0
4463
258
125
15.4
1984
17.3
13. 6
16.3
14.7
3939
194
109
15. 6
1985
21.1
16.8
19.7
18.0
3727
170
118
14.0
1986
23.3
18. 6
21.3
19.8
4029
151
117
15.1
1987
22 .7
18.0
20.6
19.1
3730
157
118
14.1
1988
20.3
15.9
18. 6
17. 0
4018
175
134
13.7
1989
19.7
15.3
18.1
16.5
4103
180
140
13.5
1990
19.5
14.9
18.3
16.3
4276
178
147
13. 4
1991
18 .5
14.0
17.3
15.4
4492
190
149
13. 8
1992
17.0
13. 0
15. 6
14.2
4515
179
150
13. 8
1993
17.4
13.2
15.8
14.4
4499
195
160
13.2
1994
17.4
13.1
15.8
14.4
4484
196
161
13.1
1995
18 .5
13. 9
16.9
15.3
4379
187
154
13.2
1996
22 .7
16.9
20.2
18.5
3735
185
165
11.1
1997
22.9
16.9
20.5
18. 6
3633
178
163
10.9
1998
22.9
16.9
20.4
18. 6
3861
180
169
11.2
1999
22 .7
16.5
20.3
18.3
4112
188
188
10.8
2000
22.4
16.2
20.0
18.0
4174
193
191
10.8
2001
22 .5
16.1
20.2
18.1
4197
190
199
10.4
2002
22 . 6
16.1
20.2
18.1
4215
194
200
10.4
2003
22.4
15.8
20.1
17. 9
4302
212
212
10.1
2004
22.9
15.9
20.6
18.3
4379
219
221
9.9
2005
23.4
16.3
20.9
18. 6
4351
215
227
9.7
2006
24.9
17.5
21.6
19.6
4426
213
220
9.6
2007
24.8
17.3
21.8
19.6
4322
212
227
9.5
2008
24.7
17.1
21.9
19.5
4536
223
251
9.1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
HP/
HP/
TON-
CID
WT
MPG
428
. 0275
24.0
484
. 0307
22.3
484
. 0310
28.3
484
. 0307
26.4
484
. 0310
27.8
484
. 0312
27.6
484
. 0296
30.3
484
. 0289
30.9
484
. 0280
31.6
587
. 0276
35.1
733
. 0319
41.2
793
. 0292
47.8
775
. 0317
43.4
111
. 0334
41.4
785
. 0340
41.1
826
. 0344
41.8
793
. 0332
41.8
836
. 0332
38.7
822
. 0354
39.1
822
. 0357
39.0
828
. 0352
40.8
907
. 0439
42.5
925
. 0447
41.7
951
. 0436
44.4
017
. 0460
46.6
004
. 0460
46.6
082
. 0479
47.3
070
. 0479
47.6
045
. 0498
48.1
033
. 0510
50.2
069
. 0522
51.0
049
. 0498
56.5
086
. 0526
54.4
136
. 0552
56.6
September 2008
TOP
SPEED
104
108
109
108
109
109
107
107
106
104
109
106
108
112
113
114
113
113
116
116
115
124
125
124
128 1
129 1
131 1
131 1
134 1
136 1
138 1
135 1
138 1
143 1
P-57
-------
Table P-29 (Continued)
Percent of Toyota SUVs:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
1975
100. 0
1976
100. 0
1977
100. 0
1978
100. 0
1979
1.1
100. 0
1980
100. 0
100. 0
1981
100. 0
100. 0
1982
100. 0
100. 0
1983
100. 0
100. 0
1984
100. 0
100. 0
1985
100. 0
87.2
12.8
77.3
1986
100. 0
70.8
29.2
94.0
1987
100. 0
80.3
19.7
88.8
1988
100. 0
58.2
41.8
100. 0
1989
100. 0
50.7
49.3
100. 0
1990
91.7
35.1
63.3
100. 0
1991
91.5
30.2
69.2
100. 0
1992
89.9
28.0
72.0
100. 0
1993
85. 6
27.1
72.9
100. 0
1994
100. 0
22.4
77. 6
100. 0
1995
69.7
18.5
81.5
100. 0
1.9
98.1
1996
14.0
67. 4
17.3
82.7
100. 0
100. 0
1997
9.1
60.5
30.9
62.5
100. 0
100. 0
1998
13. 8
59.1
13. 4
86.6
100. 0
100. 0
1999
16.0
65. 6
6.6
93. 4
100. 0
100. 0
2000
17.3
62. 6
4.9
95.1
100. 0
100. 0
2001
27.5
58.3
2.5
97.5
100. 0
100. 0
2002
30.8
51.8
1.9
CO
100. 0
. 1
99. 9
2003
28.2
54.2
1.4
O
LO
CO
100. 0
. 0
100. 0
2004
28.0
58.4
. 9
99.1
100. 0
100. 0
2005
29.5
57.0
. 9
99.1
100. 0
100. 0
2006
27.1
60.7
84.8 15.2
100. 0
100. 0
2007
24.6
63. 9
2.0
91.8 6.2
100. 0
100. 0
2008
26.9
61. 0
1.2
91.8 7.0
100. 0
100. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015 P-58
VEHICLE SIZE
WT HYBRID SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
. 0
97. 9
2.1
94.1
5.9
84.4
15. 6
92.1
7.9
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
80.0
20.0
82.9
17.1
82.9
17.1
81.5
18.5
92.0
8.0
33.2
52.4
14.4
54.3
38.3
7.3
31.9
60. 4
7.8
29.3
19.5
70.1
10.4
29.5
14.7
79.6
5.7
60.9
21.8
42.4
35.8
60.8
21.0
58.4
20.6
65 .5
17.3
64.1
18.7
73.5
13.1
73. 4
13.5
93.2
16.2
71.3
12.5
100.0
15.2
89.6
10.4
100.0
6.2
94.3
5.7
87.4
7.0
90. 8
9.2
September
2008
-------
Table P-30 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Toyota Marketing Group's Pickups
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1975
21.3
16.5
20.7
18.2
2750
133
96
13.1
1976
22.1
16.6
22. 6
18.9
2819
133
94
13. 6
1977
27.2
21.3
25.9
23.1
2780
134
94
13. 4
1978
24 . 6
19.6
22.7
20.9
2866
134
93
13. 8
1979
19.5
15.2
18.9
16.6
2814
134
90
13. 9
1980
21.5
17.1
20.1
18.3
2865
134
93
13.7
1981
26.5
21.2
24.5
22.5
2888
143
94
14.0
1982
25 . 6
20.5
23.6
21.8
3013
143
95
14.3
1983
25 .5
20.6
23.1
21.7
3033
144
97
14.0
1984
25.1
20.3
22.9
21.4
3036
144
99
13. 8
1985
27.0
21.7
24.8
23.0
3107
144
107
13.3
1986
26.4
21.1
24.0
22.4
3129
144
107
13.3
1987
26.6
21.1
24.2
22.4
3114
144
105
13. 4
1988
25.1
19.8
22.7
21.1
3181
147
113
12.9
1989
23.5
18.5
21.1
19.6
3377
154
123
12.7
1990
23.1
18.0
20.9
19.3
3396
156
125
12. 6
1991
23.8
18.3
21.5
19.7
3413
154
124
12.7
1992
23.7
18.1
21.4
19.6
3366
154
122
12.7
1993
23.8
17. 9
21.7
19.6
3394
155
124
12.7
1994
24.3
18.2
22.0
20.0
3382
152
121
12.9
1995
23.3
17.5
20.9
19.1
3533
171
140
11.9
1996
23.6
17. 6
21.0
19.2
3508
174
161
10.6
1997
20.4
15.3
18.0
16.6
4086
203
187
10.7
1998
23.7
17.5
21.1
19.2
3432
170
158
10.6
1999
23.2
17. 0
20.5
18.7
3549
175
162
10.7
2000
20.8
15.2
18.4
16.7
4110
219
197
10.4
2001
21.2
15.4
18. 6
17. 0
4046
210
191
10.5
2002
20.9
15.1
18.3
16.7
4140
218
193
10.6
2003
21.0
15.0
18. 6
16.8
4148
219
194
10.6
2004
20.6
14. 6
18.2
16.5
4296
221
196
10.7
2005
21.6
15.2
19.0
17.2
4476
246
247
9.3
2006
21.7
15.2
19.1
17.2
4485
245
237
9.6
2007
21.3
14.8
19.2
17. 0
4929
274
283
9.1
2008
20.8
14.5
18.7
16.7
5069
282
293
9.1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
HP/
HP/
TON-
CID
WT
MPG
722
. 0349
29.3
703
. 0333
31.1
700
. 0338
37. 8
695
. 0326
35.3
674
. 0321
27.5
697
. 0327
30.9
657
. 0327
38.7
661
. 0317
39.0
677
. 0325
38.8
686
. 0330
38.3
740
. 0346
42.2
743
. 0346
41.6
732
. 0343
41.6
767
. 0357
40.1
793
. 0366
40.0
794
. 0369
39.6
801
. 0364
40.8
792
. 0365
40.3
795
. 0365
40.8
791
. 0359
41.4
828
. 0400
41.2
929
. 0461
41.3
922
. 0458
41.7
933
. 0461
40.8
929
. 0457
41.2
905
. 0476
42.5
913
. 0469
42.9
897
. 0465
43.3
898
. 0467
43.6
898
. 0456
44.2
003
. 0551
48.3
967
. 0528
48.6
020
. 0567
52.2
028
. 0570
52. 6
September 2008
TOP
SPEED
109
107
107
106
106
106
107
106
107
107
110
110
109
111
113
114
113
113
113
112
118
126
128
125
125
131
130
129
130
129
143 1
140
147 1
149 1
P-59
-------
Table P-30 (Continued)
Percent of Toyota Pickups:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL
1975
69. 0
1976
75.4
1977
90. 4
1978
92. 6
1979
7.0
93. 6
1980
32.8
95.9
1981
33. 4
94.3
1982
38.1
92.7
1983
38.8
93. 9
1984
34.8
87.9
8.8
1985
35.4
83.3
3.0
28.3
1986
37.2
81.2
5.0
26.1
1987
38.5
82.2
3.1
16.1
1988
44.6
84.8
3.0
59.3
1989
44.5
79.7
11.1
78.7
1990
42.3
79.4
12.9
78.9
1991
44.9
80.4
10.1
100. 0
1992
43.6
81.8
9.5
100. 0
1993
41.3
80.6
11.9
100. 0
1994
44.2
81.6
8.2
100. 0
1995
52.4
61. 9
25.5
100. 0
1996
48.2
57.4
27.0
100. 0
1997
54.7
26.4
73. 6
100. 0
1998
48.2
54.9
24.8
100. 0
1999
47.0
45.9
39.9
100. 0
2000
49.6
23.9
68.4
100. 0
2001
42.8
21.2
70.3
100. 0
2002
40.5
17.3
75.2
100. 0
2003
39.2
17. 0
74.9
100. 0
2004
42.0
15.9
75.3
100. 0
2005
42.1
15.7
84.3
100. 0
2006
39.5
12.5
87.5
100. 0
2007
44.4
9.0
91. 0
100. 0
2008
42.0
10.9
89.1
100. 0
12.5
11.4
3.7
1.9
1.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-60
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
96.2
3.8
96.7
3.3
98. 6
1.4
99.1
. 9
99. 0
1.0
99. 6
. 4
99.5
.5
99. 6
. 4
71.1
28.9
94. 6
5.4
78.1
77. 9
22.1
100. 0
77.7
22.3
100. 0
. 0
100. 0
100. 0
94.1
5.9
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
15.4
84.6
100. 0
15.3
84.7
100. 0
58.9
41.1
100. 0
58.0
42.0
100. 0
59.5
40.5
100. 0
100.0
. 0
6.6
93. 4
100. 0
100.0
. 0
33. 0
67. 0
100. 0
71.7
. 0
39.7
60.3
100. 0
70.1
. 0
37. 0
63. 0
September 2008
-------
Table P-31 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Toyota Marketing Group's Trucks
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1975
18.9
14. 6
18. 6
16.1
2966
153
98
13. 6
1976
18.8
14.1
19.3
16.0
3037
155
99
13. 8
1977
22.9
17. 9
21.8
19.5
3018
158
100
13. 6
1978
21.3
16.8
20.1
18.1
3066
154
98
13. 9
1979
19.2
14.9
18. 6
16.4
2862
139
92
13. 9
1980
21.4
16.9
20.0
18.2
2880
136
94
13. 8
1981
26.2
20.9
24.2
22.3
2906
144
94
14.0
1982
25 .2
20.1
23.2
21.4
3042
145
95
14.4
1983
25.0
20.2
22.7
21.2
3069
147
98
14.0
1984
24.9
20.1
22. 6
21.2
3133
143
98
14.3
1985
26.5
21.2
24.2
22.5
3175
143
105
13.7
1986
26.1
20.9
23.7
22.1
3248
144
107
13.7
1987
25.9
20.6
23.5
21.8
3208
145
106
13. 6
1988
24.4
19.3
22.1
20.5
3303
150
115
13.1
1989
23.2
18.2
20.8
19.4
3457
156
123
12.9
1990
21.8
16.9
20.0
18.2
3675
163
132
12.9
1991
22.4
17.1
20.6
18. 6
3759
159
132
13.1
1992
21.9
16.7
20.0
18.1
3685
157
130
13. 0
1993
22.1
16.7
20.2
18.3
3657
161
132
12.9
1994
22.0
16.5
20.0
18.1
3686
163
132
12.9
1995
21.2
15.9
19.1
17. 4
3895
175
147
12.4
1996
23.1
17.3
20.7
18.9
3618
178
163
10.8
1997
22 . 6
16.8
20.3
18.4
3676
180
165
10.9
1998
23.4
17.2
21.1
19.0
3713
177
169
10.8
1999
23.0
16.7
20.7
18. 6
3925
183
181
10.7
2000
22.0
15.9
19.8
17. 8
4117
201
193
10.6
2001
22 .3
16.0
19.9
17. 9
4123
196
197
10.3
2002
22 .2
15.8
19.8
17. 8
4168
201
199
10.4
2003
22.0
15. 6
19.7
17. 6
4230
213
206
10.2
2004
22 .7
15.8
20.6
18.2
4383
216
217
10.1
2005
23.1
16.0
20.7
18.4
4413
221
233
9.6
2006
23.7
16.5
21.0
18.8
4459
222
225
9.7
2007
23.7
16.4
21.1
18.8
4531
232
248
9.3
2008
23.7
16.4
21.2
18.8
4668
236
264
9.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
HP/
HP/
TON-
CID
WT
MPG
674
. 0336
28.5
666
. 0329
29.6
659
. 0333
36.0
660
. 0323
33. 8
667
. 0321
27.5
694
. 0327
30.9
655
. 0327
38. 6
657
. 0317
38.8
672
. 0323
38.7
690
. 0317
39.4
739
. 0334
42.4
747
. 0334
42. 6
738
. 0336
41.8
767
. 0351
40.5
790
. 0360
40.4
804
. 0361
40.3
831
. 0353
42.3
823
. 0355
40.7
816
. 0361
40.9
806
. 0358
40.9
845
. 0381
41.4
924
. 0450
41.9
92 6
. 0447
41.7
961
. 0454
43.6
993
. 0461
45.1
973
. 0469
45.3
032
. 0481
46.0
020
. 0479
46.3
999
. 0488
46.6
021
. 0497
50.2
063
. 0528
51.1
025
. 0504
53.8
081
. 0545
54.1
125
. 0562
55.9
September 2008
TOP
SPEED
108
107
108
107
106
106
107
106
107
106
108
109
109
111
113
114
113
113
114
113
117
125
125
126
128
130
131 1
131 1
133
135 1
139 1
136 1
142 1
145 1
P-61
-------
Table P-31 (Continued)
Percent of Toyota Trucks:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL
1975
72.9
1976
79.6
1977
92.2
1978
93. 8
1979
6.7
93. 8
1980
33.7
95.9
1981
34.3
94.4
1982
39.5
92.9
1983
40.4
94.0
1984
32.0
78.5
11.9
23.2
1985
34. 6
75.2
14.1
42.5
1986
37. 9
71.9
17.2
41.6
1987
43.0
73.7
15.2
35.2
1988
50.2
78.2
11.7
66.4
1989
48.4
73.3
18.9
81.8
1990
57.9
65.4
28.9
85. 6
1991
45.7
51.7
42.9
100. 0
1992
47.4
58.8
35. 6
100. 0
1993
45.2
62.0
32.7
100. 0
1994
56.7
63. 0
29.8
100. 0
1995
56.9
41.0
52.1
100. 0
1996
5.9
55.4
39.1
52.2
100. 0
1997
8.2
59.6
30.1
63. 9
100. 0
1998
22.2
45.2
27.7
64.2
100. 0
1999
21.7
51.6
17. 8
77. 9
100. 0
2000
26.2
45.9
11.2
85.8
100. 0
2001
26.5
46.2
8.6
88.5
100. 0
2002
27.7
42. 6
6.8
90. 6
. 0
100. 0
2003
22.2
45.8
6.9
90.2
. 0
100. 0
2004
33.3
44.8
4.4
93. 4
100. 0
2005
31.4
44.9
4.9
95.1
100. 0
2006
29.3
44.7
4.1
88.4
7.4
100. 0
2007
22.8
52.7
4.1
92.3
3.6
100. 0
2008
28.3
49.5
3.6
92.2
4.2
100. 0
12.3
11.1
3.6
1.5
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-62
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
99. 6
. 4
98.9
1.1
97. 4
2.6
99.7
.3
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
97. 4
2.6
95.7
4.3
90. 0
10.0
88.6
11.4
87.1
12.9
86.5
13.5
89.4
10.6
68.1
31.9
56.0
40.4
3.6
64.4
32.4
3.2
50.2
26.4
23.3
66.7
25.0
8.4
12.7
. 0
. 0
87.3
42.8
42.1
15.2
100. 0
57.0
24.6
18.4
100. 0
49.2
36.0
14.8
100. 0
51.5
42.8
5.8
100. 0
29.3
41.6
52.4
5.9
100. 0
31.4
12.2
53.0
34.7
100. 0
44 . 6
17. 0
34. 6
48.4
100. 0
44.5
31.5
43.1
25.3
100. 0
44.2
30.8
43.3
25.9
100. 0
60.7
21.9
60.7
17. 4
100. 0
96.4
8.7
58.2
33.1
100. 0
100.0
7.4
72.8
27.2
100. 0
91.0
3.6
77. 4
22. 6
100. 0
84.7
4.2
78.2
21.8
September 2008
-------
Table P-32 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Toyota Marketing Group's All
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1975
21.6
16.7
21.1
18.4
2748
125
90
13. 9
1976
24.0
18.3
24.0
20.5
2773
120
87
14.4
1977
27.7
21.5
26.7
23.6
2685
115
82
14. 6
1978
25 .7
20.2
24.5
21.9
2694
119
85
14.3
1979
22.9
17. 8
22.0
19.5
2733
118
83
14.7
1980
25.9
20.5
24.3
22.1
2672
119
81
14.7
1981
29.9
23.8
27.8
25.4
2621
119
79
14.9
1982
29.1
23.0
27.3
24.8
2677
124
84
14. 6
1983
30.5
24.4
28.2
26.0
2754
122
88
14.5
1984
29.7
23.6
27.5
25.2
2845
125
91
14.4
1985
30.0
23.9
28.0
25. 6
2889
126
96
14.0
1986
29.4
23.3
27.3
24.9
2959
127
101
13.7
1987
30.0
23.4
28.0
25.3
2966
125
107
13.1
1988
29.6
23.0
27.4
24.9
2942
123
108
12.8
1989
28.9
22.3
26.7
24.2
3004
126
114
12. 6
1990
27.8
21.2
25.9
23.2
3132
132
124
12.2
1991
27.5
20.9
25. 6
22.9
3173
132
124
12.3
1992
26.8
20.0
25.0
22.2
3242
136
131
12.1
1993
26.7
19.8
25.0
22.1
3285
140
136
11.8
1994
26.4
19.4
24.6
21.7
3317
141
131
12.2
1995
27.0
19.7
25.2
22.2
3369
146
141
11.7
1996
27.4
19.9
25.4
22.4
3322
147
142
11.5
1997
27.1
19.5
25.1
22.1
3371
150
149
11.3
1998
27.4
19.6
25.4
22.3
3455
155
158
10.9
1999
27.1
19.3
25.0
22.0
3536
157
163
10.9
2000
26.2
18.5
24.1
21.2
3623
166
171
10.6
2001
26.5
18. 6
24.2
21.3
3639
165
175
10.5
2002
26.0
18.2
23.7
20.9
3732
176
184
10.3
2003
27.1
18.7
24.7
21.6
3624
170
178
10.2
2004
26.6
18.2
24.3
21.2
3862
181
191
10.1
2005
28.8
19.5
26.0
22.7
3711
172
186
10.0
2006
28.4
19.4
25.4
22.4
3811
177
189
10.0
2007
29.6
20.1
26.5
23.3
3808
178
200
9.7
2008
29.7
20.2
26.5
23.4
3866
180
204
9.6
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
HP/
HP/
TON-
CID
WT
MPG
730
. 0326
29.8
732
. 0312
33.7
730
. 0306
37. 9
728
. 0314
35.4
718
. 0303
31.7
685
. 0304
35.1
664
. 0300
39.6
676
. 0310
39.2
716
. 0314
42.5
723
. 0316
42.8
760
. 0331
43.8
798
. 0340
43.8
852
. 0357
45.0
882
. 0365
44.0
908
. 0377
43.9
948
. 0392
44.0
949
. 0389
44.0
969
. 0400
43.6
977
. 0411
44.2
940
. 0395
44.1
980
. 0418
46.0
976
. 0425
45.7
997
. 0437
46.2
023
. 0455
47.9
041
. 0460
48.4
050
. 0472
48.0
073
. 0479
49.0
066
. 0492
49.4
083
. 0491
50.0
074
. 0491
52.5
093
. 0493
55.1
079
. 0489
55.7
116
. 0511
58.2
127
. 0514
59.3
September 2008
TOP
SPEED
106
104
103
104
103
103
102
104
105
105
107
108
110
111
113
115
115
117
118
117
120
120
122
125 1
126 1
128 1
129 1
131 1
130 1
131 1
131 1
131 1
134 1
135 1
P-63
-------
Table P-32 (Continued)
Percent of Toyota All:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL
1975
68.8
1976
64.2
1977
77.3
1978
72.4
1979
1.3
70.1
4.7
1980
14.5
6.7
69. 9
4.1
1981
16.7
6.4
65.3
5.2
1982
19.6
8.6
64.4
3.3
10.0
1983
22.0
33.5
65.0
9.2
30.1
1984
36.0
14.5
58.2
29.6
37.2
1985
21.9
29.0
56.8
32.9
48.1
1986
48.5
15.5
53.7
38. 6
52.3
1987
52.2
16.0
50.7
44.7
50.8
1988
65. 6
15.8
47.0
49.9
56.2
1989
66.0
14.0
40.9
57.0
62.3
1990
69. 4
14.3
33.2
65.4
88.3
1991
59.2
13. 8
34.4
64.0
100. 0
1992
45.7
11.8
30.8
67. 8
100. 0
1993
66.0
12.5
30.9
67. 6
100. 0
1994
64.3
18.0
31.7
66.0
100. 0
1995
45.4
15.2
19.0
79.2
100. 0
1996
70.4
15.8
17. 0
80.5
100. 0
1997
69.1
18.7
13.3
84.8
100. 0
1998
68.0
16.0
12.4
84.7
100. 0
1999
67. 4
19.2
9.7
88.7
100. 0
2000
66.0
19.5
9.2
89.6
100. 0
2001
60. 8
20.8
7.4
90.3
1.0
100. 0
2002
60. 6
19.9
6.1
91. 4
1.3
100. 0
2003
63. 9
19.3
6.4
91.7
. 8
100. 0
2004
61. 8
23.7
4.9
91. 6
2.3
100. 0
2005
69. 4
18.9
6.5
88.2
5.2
100. 0
2006
60. 8
23.0
6.2
86.4
7.3
100. 0
2007
66.2
21.0
4.7
85.9
9.4
100. 0
2008
67.5
20.4
5.3
84.1
10.6
1.6 98.4
2.3
2.4
. 8
1.7
. 6
. 1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-64
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100. 0
99. 8
.2
99. 6
. 4
99. 9
. 1
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
99. 4
. 6
98.5
1.5
95.8
4.2
95.0
5.0
95.3
4.7
95.9
4.1
97.1
2.9
88.0
12.0
82.8
16.1
1.1
61.3
38.0
. 8
54.0
39.6
6.5
57.5
39.8
2.7
96.6
4.4
47.4
43.0
9.6
100. 0
2.8
47.3
41.4
11.4
100. 0
2.0
45.4
43.7
10.9
100. 0
4.4
41.3
50.7
8.0
100. 0
17.5
41.2
52.4
6.4
100. 0
43.7
30.1
48.7
21.2
100. 0
53.5
35.1
36.4
28.5
100. 0
67.6
1.3
33. 0
51.3
15.7
100. 0
75 .5
.7
41.4
43.0
15. 6
100. 0
79.5
2.3
33. 6
53.3
13.1
100. 0
98 .5
5.2
32.4
50.3
17.3
100. 0
100.0
7.3
31.8
50.3
17. 8
100. 0
96. 6
9.5
24.2
64.4
11.4
100. 0
93.9
10.8
27.6
60. 6
11.7
September 2008
-------
Table P-33
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Honda Marketing Group's Cars
YEAR < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPEED CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975 31.4
1976 32.9
1977 36.2
1978 34.0
1979 29.0
1980 28.9
1981 30.6
1982 33.2
1983 35.2
1984 35.1
1985 33.7
1986 33.5
1987 32.8
1988 31.8
1989 31.2
1990 30.3
1991 30.4
1992 31.0
1993 32.2
1994 32.1
1995 32.9
1996 31.9
1997 32.2
1998 32.0
1999 30.9
2000 31.0
2001 32.2
2002 32.0
2003 32.7
2004 32.7
2005 32.9
2006 33.5
2007 33.4
2008 33.4
24.5 30.0
25.9 31.2
28.6 34.0
27.5 30.6
23.3 26.5
23.1 26.6
24.7 27.7
26.8 30.1
28.1 32.4
27.6 33.3
26.5 32.0
26.1 31.8
25.3 31.1
24.3 30.0
23.8 29.4
23.0 28.3
23.0 28.2
22.9 29.5
23.7 30.3
23.4 30.2
23.8 30.6
22.9 29.8
23.0 29.9
22.6 29.8
21.6 29.0
21.5 29.0
22.1 30.1
21.8 29.7
21.8 31.0
21.8 30.6
21.7 30.7
22.0 31.3
22.0 31.3
21.9 31.5
26.7 2000
28.0 2001
30.8 2058
28.8 2113
24.6 2313
24.6 2337
26.0 2351
28.2 2363
29.9 2389
29.9 2387
28.7 2440
28.4 2576
27.7 2639
26.7 2772
26.2 2805
25.3 2889
25.2 2899
25.8 3004
26.6 2969
26.4 3047
26.9 2986
26.0 3041
26.1 3013
25.9 3173
25.0 3220
25.0 3195
25.8 3189
25.5 3218
26.1 3283
26.0 3295
26.0 3308
26.5 3335
26.5 3333
26.5 3395
83
83
78.3 88
82.9 90
83.0 98
86.8 100
86.9 100
91.3 101
91.1 102
89.2 105
88.0 105
92.3 108
93.8 110
97.0 115
96.8 113
99.5 120
99.2 123
100.5 125
97.1 119
98.0 121
97.1 117
101.8 124
100.9 122
104.0 128
105.0 135
104.4 134
104.6 134
105.4 136
105.8 141
105.5 139
105.7 141
104.8 139
105.4 139
108.8 143
54 15.9
56 15.6
63 14.5
63 14.7
64 15.5
68 15.1
72 14.6
72 14.6
74 14.5
85 13.0
85 13.2
92 13.3
94 13.5
106 12.6
111 12.1
122 11.5
130 11.1
135 10.9
125 11.5
133 11.2
130 11.2
134 11.0
133 11.1
144 10.9
153 10.6
153 10.5
154 10.5
157 10.4
170 10.0
171 10.0
173 9.9
178 9.6
176 9.7
184 9.5
97 .653
97 .672
100 .726
100 .701
99 .664
100 .680
102 .714
102 .713
102 .728
107 .807
107 .812
108 .839
108 .845
112 .912
114 .985
118 1.020
120 1.056
122 1.087
118 1.063
120 1.115
120 1.128
121 1.095
121 1.101
123 1.136
126 1.142
126 1.157
126 1.150
127 1.160
131 1.193
131 1.212
132 1.215
133 1.275
133 1.263
135 1.291
0271
31.5
0279
33.2
0306
38 .2
0299
36.3
0279
33.6
0292
34.0
0305
36.2
0305
39.5
0310
42.4
0355
42 .3
0349
41.4
0353
43.4
0350
43.5
0376
44.4
0393
44.1
0419
44.2
0442
44.4
0447
47.3
0419
48.3
0436
49.3
0435
49.4
0440
48.8
0439
48.9
0451
50.9
0470
50.0
0476
49.8
0478
51.9
0483
51.8
0510
54.4
0511
54 . 6
0515
55.0
0527
56.9
0523
56.8
0535
57.6
2905
3007
2854
3044
2411
2803
2543
2951
2693
3143
3066
3605
3242
3862
3146
3760
2981
3637
3101
4008
3094
4077
3132
4299
3068
4267
3057
4381
3062
4394
3212
4736
3195
4675
3197
4828
3246
4793
3304
4959
3309
4923
3373
5299
3288
5254
3279
5201
3448
5425
3434
5460
3539
5755
3531
5759
3556
5819
3605
5956
3615
5978
3718
6258
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-65
September 2008
-------
Table P-33 (Continued)
Percent of Honda Cars:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL
1975
100. 0
100. 0
1976
100. 0
88.5
1977
100. 0
82.4
1978
100. 0
100. 0
1979
100. 0
100. 0
1980
100. 0
63. 8
1981
100. 0
73.5
1982
100. 0
71.5
1983
100. 0
64.0
25.0
1984
100. 0
64.4
35. 6
1985
100. 0
62.3
37.7
8.8
1986
100. 0
62.4
37. 6
39.1
1987
100. 0
48.6
51.4
39.0
1988
100. 0
47.5
52.5
42.9
22.0
1989
96.1
3.9
46.3
53.7
48.7
24.9
1990
100. 0
41.0
59.0
76.3
23.1
1991
99. 6
39.1
60. 9
74.2
25.8
1992
99. 8
35. 6
64.4
100. 0
1993
99. 9
35.7
64.3
100. 0
1994
99. 9
35.9
64.1
100. 0
1995
99. 9
35.9
64.1
100. 0
1996
99. 9
27.6
72.3
.2
100. 0
1997
100. 0
26.8
72.4
. 8
100. 0
1998
100. 0
22.2
77.2
. 6
100. 0
1999
100. 0
18.7
81.0
.3
100. 0
2000
99. 0
17. 8
82.0
.2
100. 0
2001
98.8
16.6
83.0
. 4
100. 0
2002
98.8
16.3
83.4
.3
100. 0
2003
99.1
13. 8
83.1
3.2
100. 0
2004
99.1
13.7
83.9
2.4
100. 0
2005
96.3
2.6
11.8
85.3
2.8
100. 0
2006
97. 8
1.5
11.8
84.4
3.9
100. 0
2007
98.8
. 6
10.7
85.4
3.9
100. 0
2008
97. 8
1.5
11.5
84.4
4.2
100. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-66
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
26.0
67. 6
6.4
100. 0
2.3
83.5
14.3
100. 0
1.5
52.3
46.3
100. 0
1.3
49.5
49.2
100. 0
. 9
. 6
98.5
100. 0
1.0
99. 0
.4
100. 0
2.6
97. 4
3.8
100. 0
. 4
99. 6
14 . 6
100. 0
1.4
98. 6
36.5
100. 0
1.1
98.9
35.1
100. 0
100. 0
28 . 6
97. 9
2.1
100. 0
31.3
98.1
1.9
100. 0
66.2
52.7
47.3
100. 0
73.8
43.8
56.2
100. 0
74.4
. 6
43.3
56.7
100. 0
94 .2
. 4
50.1
49.9
100. 0
95 .5
.2
44.0
56.0
3.7
96.3
99. 6
3.8
40.2
59.8
2.8
97.2
98.9
2.8
44.2
55.8
3.3
96.7
100.0
5.6
42. 6
57.4
3.8
96.2
100.0
4.4
48.7
51.3
3.9
96.1
100.0
4.3
43.1
56.9
4.2
95.8
100.0
4.2
49.7
10.0
September 2008
-------
Table P-34
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Honda Marketing Group's Wagons
YEAR < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPEED CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1976 29.4
1977 31.9
1978 31.5
1979 29.9
1980 32.5
1981 33.7
1982 36.7
1983 36.7
1984 36.1
1985 34.8
1986 34.6
1987 34.2
1988 34.2
1989 34.7
1990 35.2
1991 28.7
1992 27.1
1993 27.6
1994 29.0
1995 29.0
1996 28.5
1997 27.2
2007 39.8
2008 39.9
22.9 28.3
25.6 29.1
26.5 26.9
24.3 26.7
26.5 29.1
27.5 30.1
29.9 32.9
29.8 33.0
29.4 32.4
28.0 31.6
27.5 31.6
27.0 31.2
27.2 30.3
27.0 31.4
27.5 31.1
21.7 26.7
20.1 25.9
20.3 26.1
21.1 27.4
21.0 27.4
20.6 26.5
19.8 24.6
27.0 34.1
27.1 34.0
25.1 2250
27.1 2250
26.7 2250
25.3 2250
27.6 2250
28.6 2250
31.2 2250
31.2 2250
30.7 2250
29.5 2317
29.2 2374
28.8 2390
28.6 2599
28.9 2536
29.1 2666
23.9 3238
22.6 3500
22.8 3500
23.9 3500
23.8 3500
23.3 3500
22.0 3500
30.6 2750
30.6 2750
91
87.0 91
88.0 91
87.4 91
110.7 91
101.9 91
101.9 91
101.8 91
111.4 91
111.4 91
111.4 91
111.4 91
116.8 93
116.8 92
116.8 92
122.9 119
125.9 132
125.9 132
119.9 132
119.9 132
120.0 132
119.9 132
111.3 91
111.3 91
60 16.1
60 16.2
63 15.5
63 15.4
67 14.7
67 14.8
67 14.8
67 14.8
76 13.5
75 13.8
58 17.3
58 17.4
84 14.3
94 12.5
94 13.0
126 12.2
140 11.9
125 13.0
136 12.2
137 12.1
137 12.1
137 12.1
109 11.8
109 11.8
97 .659
97 .659
99 .692
99 .692
101 .736
101 .736
101 .736
101 .736
105 .835
104 .829
95 .637
95 .637
105 .893
110 1.026
109 1.026
115 1.054
118 1.061
113 .947
117 1.033
117 1.038
117 1.036
117 1.035
114 1.198
114 1.198
0267
33.1
0267
36.1
0280
35 . 6
0280
33.7
0298
36.9
0298
38.0
0298
41.6
0298
41.5
0338
40.7
0327
40.5
0245
41.1
0243
41.0
0320
44 . 6
0372
44.2
0354
47.0
0386
46.6
0400
47.5
0357
48.3
0390
50.8
0392
50.9
0391
50.0
0390
47.8
0396
54.8
0396
54.9
2790
3138
2786
3134
2620
2948
3629
4083
3443
3873
3764
4235
3756
4225
4033
4537
3907
4514
3878
4583
3833
4563
4029
5214
4081
5164
4139
5489
3578
5722
3417
5979
3478
6086
3481
6092
3487
6102
3425
5993
3279
5738
4436
6099
4446
6114
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-67
September 2008
-------
Table P-34 (Continued)
Percent of Honda Wagons:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI
1976
100. 0
93.3
1977
100. 0
75.0
1978
100. 0
100. 0
1979
100. 0
100. 0
1980
100. 0
100. 0
1981
100. 0
74.7
1982
100. 0
74.9
1983
100. 0
71.1
1984
100. 0
67.2
32.8
1985
73.1
26.9
72.2
27.8
1986
66.7
33.3
75.0
25.0
1987
66.1
33. 9
67.3
32.7
1988
60. 4
39.6
70.4
29.6
39.6
1989
85. 6
14.4
49.2
50.8
14.4
1990
85. 6
14.4
52.0
48.0
14.4
1991
100. 0
27.4
72. 6
76.5
1992
100. 0
15.7
84.3
100. 0
1993
100. 0
19.3
80.7
100. 0
1994
100. 0
12.0
88.0
100. 0
1995
100. 0
9.1
90. 9
100. 0
1996
100. 0
7.4
92. 6
100. 0
1997
100. 0
9.5
90.5
100. 0
2007
100. 0
21.9
78.1
100. 0
2008
100. 0
30.0
70.0
100. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.
100.0 100.
100.0 100.
100.0 100.
100.0 100.
100.0 100.
100.0 100.
100.0 100.
100.0 100.
100.0 42.3 100.
100.0 46.9 100.
100.0 45.4 100.
100.0 44.4 100.
100.0 100.0 100.
100.0 100.0 100.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
September 2008
-------
Table P-35 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Honda Marketing Group's Cars and Wagons
YEAR < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPEED CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975 31.4
1976 32.6
1977 35.5
1978 33.7
1979 29.0
1980 29.2
1981 30.8
1982 33.4
1983 35.3
1984 35.2
1985 33.8
1986 33.6
1987 32.8
1988 31.8
1989 31.3
1990 30.4
1991 30.3
1992 30.9
1993 32.2
1994 32.1
1995 32.8
1996 31.8
1997 32.1
1998 32.0
1999 30.9
2000 31.0
2001 32.2
2002 32.0
2003 32.7
2004 32.7
2005 32.9
2006 33.5
2007 33.9
2008 33.8
24.5 30.0
25.6 31.0
28.2 33.2
27.4 30.3
23.4 26.5
23.4 26.8
24.9 27.9
27.0 30.3
28.2 32.5
27.7 33.3
26.6 32.0
26.2 31.8
25.4 31.1
24.4 30.0
23.9 29.4
23.1 28.3
22.9 28.2
22.8 29.4
23.6 30.2
23.4 30.1
23.7 30.6
22.9 29.7
23.0 29.8
22.6 29.8
21.6 29.0
21.5 29.0
22.1 30.1
21.8 29.7
21.8 31.0
21.8 30.6
21.7 30.7
22.0 31.3
22.3 31.5
22.2 31.7
26.7 2000
27.8 2021
30.2 2085
28.6 2126
24.7 2308
24.8 2330
26.2 2343
28.4 2354
30.0 2380
29.9 2380
28.8 2432
28.5 2565
27.7 2633
26.7 2770
26.2 2800
25.4 2884
25.2 2913
25.7 3015
26.5 2977
26.4 3055
26.8 2995
26.0 3046
26.1 3019
25.9 3173
25.0 3220
25.0 3195
25.8 3189
25.5 3218
26.1 3283
26.0 3295
26.0 3308
26.5 3335
26.7 3289
26.8 3346
83
84
79.6 88
83.3 90
83.4 97
88.9 100
88.0 100
92.2 100
91.8 101
90.4 104
89.5 104
93.4 107
94.2 109
97.3 115
97.2 112
99.8 119
100.2 122
101.0 125
97.5 119
98.4 121
97.5 117
102.0 124
101.1 122
104.0 128
105.0 135
104.4 134
104.6 134
105.4 136
105.8 141
105.5 139
105.7 141
104.8 139
105.9 135
109.0 139
54 15.9
56 15.6
62 14.8
63 14.8
64 15.5
68 15.1
71 14.6
71 14.6
74 14.5
84 13.0
84 13.2
90 13.6
93 13.6
105 12.6
110 12.1
121 11.5
130 11.1
135 11.0
125 11.5
133 11.2
130 11.2
134 11.0
133 11.1
144 10.9
153 10.6
153 10.5
154 10.5
157 10.4
170 10.0
171 10.0
173 9.9
178 9.6
171 9.9
179 9.7
97 .653
97 .671
100 .716
100 .701
99 .666
100 .685
102 .716
102 .715
102 .728
107 .809
107 .813
108 .828
108 .840
112 .912
114 .986
117 1.021
120 1.056
121 1.087
118 1.061
120 1.114
120 1.126
121 1.094
121 1.100
123 1.136
126 1.142
126 1.157
126 1.150
127 1.160
131 1.193
131 1.212
132 1.215
133 1.275
131 1.258
133 1.284
.0271 31.5
.0278 33.2
.0300 37.9
.0297 36.3
.0279 33.6
.0293 34.2
.0305 36.3
.0304 39.7
.0309 42.3
.0354 42.2
.0347 41.4
.0347 43.3
.0348 43.4
.0375 44.4
.0392 44.1
.0418 44.2
.0440 44.5
.0446 47.3
.0418 48.3
.0435 49.3
.0434 49.5
.0440 48.8
.0438 48.8
.0451 50.9
.0470 50.0
.0476 49.8
.0478 51.9
.0483 51.8
.0510 54.4
.0511 54.6
.0515 55.0
.0527 56.9
.0513 56.6
.0524 57.4
2889
3025
2848
3052
2427
2814
2635
3047
2752
3201
3123
3657
3277
3887
3194
3802
3040
3693
3144
4040
3111
4088
3144
4311
3087
4284
3078
4403
3083
4449
3217
4764
3199
4696
3202
4849
3251
4818
3306
4972
3308
4932
3373
5299
3288
5254
3279
5201
3448
5425
3434
5460
3539
5755
3531
5759
3556
5819
3605
5956
3677
5987
3773
6247
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-69
September 2008
-------
Table P-35 (Continued)
Percent of Honda Cars and Wagons:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL
1975
100. 0
100. 0
1976
100. 0
88.9
1977
100. 0
81.3
1978
100. 0
100. 0
1979
100. 0
100. 0
1980
100. 0
66.9
1981
100. 0
73. 6
1982
100. 0
71.8
1983
100. 0
64.5
23.3
1984
100. 0
64.5
35.5
1985
98.3
1.7
62.9
37.1
8.2
1986
98.1
1.9
63.1
36.9
37. 0
1987
99.2
. 8
49.0
51.0
38.1
1988
99.5
.5
47.8
52.2
42.9
22.5
1989
95.9
4.1
46.3
53.7
48.0
26.0
1990
99.7
.3
41.2
58.8
75.1
24.3
1991
99. 6
38. 6
61. 4
74.3
25.7
1992
99. 8
35.2
64.8
100. 0
1993
99. 9
35.5
64.5
100. 0
1994
99. 9
35.5
64.5
100. 0
1995
99. 9
35.4
64. 6
100. 0
1996
99. 9
27.3
72.5
. 1
100. 0
1997
100. 0
26.6
72. 6
. 8
100. 0
1998
100. 0
22.2
77.2
. 6
100. 0
1999
100. 0
18.7
81.0
.3
100. 0
2000
99. 0
17. 8
82.0
.2
100. 0
2001
98.8
16.6
83.0
. 4
100. 0
2002
98.8
16.3
83.4
.3
100. 0
2003
99.1
13. 8
83.1
3.2
100. 0
2004
99.1
13.7
83.9
2.4
100. 0
2005
96.3
2.6
11.8
85.3
2.8
100. 0
2006
97. 8
1.5
11.8
84.4
3.9
100. 0
2007
98.9
.5
11.6
84.8
3.6
100. 0
2008
97. 9
1.4
12.9
83.3
3.8
100. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-70
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
30.1
63
8
6.0
100. 0
2.2
83
9
13. 9
100. 0
1.4
51
6
47.0
100. 0
1.2
48
6
50.2
100. 0
. 8
6
98.5
100. 0
1.0
99. 0
.4
100. 0
2.5
97.5
3.8
100. 0
. 4
99. 6
14.4
100. 0
1.3
98.7
36.6
100. 0
1.1
98.9
35 .3
100. 0
100. 0
28.8
97. 9
2.1
100. 0
31.4
98.1
1.9
100. 0
66.2
52.7
47.3
100. 0
73.8
43.8
56.2
100. 0
74.4
. 6
43.3
56.7
100. 0
94 .2
. 4
50.1
49.9
100. 0
95 .5
.2
44.0
56.0
3.7
96.3
99. 6
3.8
40.2
59.8
2.8
97.2
98.9
2.8
44.2
55.8
3.3
96.7
100.0
5.6
42. 6
57.4
3.8
96.2
100.0
4.4
48.7
51.3
3.6
96.4
100.0
4.0
47.4
52. 6
3.8
96.2
100.0
3.8
53.5
9.3
September 2008
-------
Table P-36 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Honda Marketing Group's Vans
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1995
25 .5
19.1
23.0
20.9
3500
132
140
11.9
1996
28.5
20.5
26.6
23.3
3500
132
145
11.6
1997
24.9
18.5
22.2
20.2
3500
132
130
12. 6
1998
27.0
19.3
24.9
21.9
3500
138
150
11.3
1999
24.1
16.5
24.1
19.8
4500
212
205
10.7
2000
23.9
16.3
23.7
19.6
4500
212
205
10.7
2001
24.0
16.4
23.5
19.6
4500
212
205
10.7
2002
24.2
16.5
23.5
19.7
4500
212
240
9.4
2003
24.2
16.4
23.4
19.7
4500
212
240
9.4
2004
24.2
16.3
23.3
19.6
4500
212
240
9.4
2005
26.0
17.2
25.1
21.0
4500
212
255
9.0
2006
26.1
17.2
25.1
21.0
4500
212
244
9.3
2007
24.7
16.3
24.0
19.9
4500
212
244
9.3
2008
25 .3
16.6
24.8
20.5
4500
212
242
9.4
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
HP/
HP/
TON-
CID
WT
MPG
061
. 0400
44.7
098
. 0414
49.8
985
. 0371
43.6
087
. 0429
47.2
967
. 0456
54.2
967
. 0456
53.8
967
. 0456
54.0
132
. 0533
54.5
132
. 0533
54.5
132
. 0533
54.5
203
. 0567
58.6
151
. 0542
58.7
151
. 0542
55.5
140
. 0537
57.0
September 2008
TOP
SPEED
118 1
120 1
115
122 1
130
130
130
140 1
140 1
140 1
145 1
142 1
142 1
141 1
P-71
-------
Table P-36 (Continued)
Percent of Honda Vans
MODEL DRIVETRAIN
YEAR FRONT 4WD
1995 100.0
1996 100.0
1997 100.0
1998 100.0
1999 100.0
2000 100.0
2001 100.0
2002 100.0
2003 100.0
2004 100.0
2005 100.0
2006 100.0
2007 100.0
2008 100.0
TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-72
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
September 2008
-------
Table P-37 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Honda Marketing Group's SUVs
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1994
20.2
15.3
18.1
16.6
4000
190
170
11.3
1996
19.4
14.4
17. 8
16.0
4329
191
187
11.2
1997
24.7
18.4
21.7
20.0
3689
137
141
12.5
1998
25.4
18.7
22.4
20.5
3617
136
143
12.2
1999
25 .7
18.9
22.4
20.6
3605
135
158
11.1
2000
26.0
19.0
22.5
20.8
3617
131
155
11.3
2001
25 .3
18.1
22.4
20.2
3809
149
174
10.9
2002
26.3
18.4
23.7
21.0
3778
163
182
10.4
2003
25.0
17. 4
22. 6
20.0
4020
175
199
10.2
2004
24.7
17.1
22.5
19.7
4033
177
202
10.1
2005
24.5
16.8
22.2
19.5
4049
178
210
9.9
2006
24.9
17. 0
22.7
19.8
4041
178
202
10.2
2007
25 .7
17.5
23.4
20.5
4096
171
206
10.2
2008
25 .7
17.5
23.2
20.4
4090
171
209
10.1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
HP/
HP/
TON-
CID
WT
MPG
894
. 0425
40.4
976
. 0433
42.1
035
. 0378
45.8
052
. 0393
46.1
185
. 0436
46.5
193
. 0427
47.1
182
. 0451
48.1
115
. 0477
49.6
134
. 0490
50.2
136
. 0496
49.8
165
. 0511
49.7
123
. 0493
50.3
204
. 0499
53.0
223
. 0507
52.8
September 2008
TOP
SPEED
124
126
116 1
118 1
123 1
122 1
126 1
129 1
132 1
133 1
135 1
133 1
134 1
135 1
P-7 3
-------
Table P-37 (Continued)
Percent of Honda SUVs
MODEL DRIVETRAIN
YEAR FRONT 4WD
1994
34.8
65.2
1996
1997
77.3
1998
15.5
77.5
1999
18.2
73. 6
2000
19.5
73.5
2001
16.8
78.7
2002
15.0
83.5
2003
12.8
87.2
2004
12.4
87.6
2005
12.2
87.8
2006
27.5
72.5
2007
32.5
67.5
2008
34.3
65.7
TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL
Ch
M
CO
38.2
100. 0
13.5
86.5
100. 0
2.2
97. 8
100. 0
12.3
87.7
100. 0
10.4
89.6
100. 0
8.9
91.1
100. 0
5.6
94.4
100. 0
4.8
95.2
100. 0
4.0
96.0
100. 0
3.8
96.2
100. 0
2.7
97.3
100. 0
2.3
97.7
100. 0
. 8
99.2
100. 0
1.7
98.3
100. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-7 4
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICIiE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
4.2 95.8
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
23.5
96.9
100.0
66.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
September 2008
-------
Table P-38 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Honda Marketing Group's Pickups
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
TOP
HP/
HP/
TON-
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
SPEED
CID
WT
MPG
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
2006
21.4
14. 6
19.9
17.2
4500
212
247
9.2
143
1.165
. 0549
48.1
2007
21.4
14. 6
19.9
17.2
4500
212
247
9.2
143
1.165
. 0549
48.1
2008
21.4
14. 6
19.9
17.2
4500
212
247
9.2
143
1.165
. 0549
48.1
EPA420-R-08-015 P-75 September 2008
-------
Table P-38 (Continued)
Percent of Honda Pickups:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT
2006 100.0 100.0
2007 100.0 100.0
2008 100.0 100.0
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI DSL
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-76
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
FIVE WT HYBRID
100.0
100.0
100.0
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
September 2008
-------
Table P-39 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Honda Marketing Group's Trucks
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1994
20.2
15.3
18.1
16.6
4000
190
170
11.3
1995
25 .5
19.1
23.0
20.9
3500
132
140
11.9
1996
22 .5
16.5
20.8
18.5
3969
166
169
11.4
1997
24.7
18.4
21.8
20.0
3653
136
139
12.5
1998
25 .5
18.8
22. 6
20.6
3605
136
144
12.1
1999
25 .2
18.2
22.8
20.4
3843
155
171
11.0
2000
25.0
17. 6
23.1
20.2
4036
170
179
11.0
2001
24.7
17. 4
22.8
20.0
4095
175
187
10.8
2002
25 .3
17.5
23.6
20.4
4092
184
207
10.0
2003
24.8
17.1
22.9
19.9
4162
186
211
10.0
2004
24 . 6
16.9
22.7
19.7
4148
186
211
9.9
2005
24.9
16.9
23.0
19.9
4179
188
223
9.6
2006
24.8
16.7
23.0
19.8
4227
192
219
9.8
2007
25.1
16.9
23.3
20.0
4242
186
220
9.9
2008
25.1
17. 0
23.2
20.1
4215
183
220
9.8
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
HP/
HP/
TON-
CID
WT
MPG
894
. 0425
40.4
061
. 0400
44.7
029
. 0425
45.5
026
. 0377
45.4
056
. 0397
46.2
127
. 0441
48.6
086
. 0441
50.3
093
. 0453
50.6
122
. 0502
51.7
133
. 0503
51.5
135
. 0505
51.0
176
. 0527
52.2
136
. 0514
52.5
186
. 0515
53.4
200
. 0517
53.3
September 2008
TOP
SPEED
124
118 1
123 1
116 1
118 1
125 1
126 1
128 1
134 1
135 1
135 1
138 1
137 1
137 1
137 1
P-77
-------
Table P-39 (Continued)
Percent of Honda Trucks:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL
1994
34.8
65.2
Ch
M
CO
38.2
100. 0
1995
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
1996
43.5
7.6
92.4
100. 0
1997
18.9
62.7
1.8
98.2
100. 0
1998
24.4
69.3
11.0
89.0
100. 0
1999
39.9
54.1
7.7
92.3
100. 0
2000
57.7
38. 6
4.7
95.3
100. 0
2001
51.2
46.1
3.3
96.7
100. 0
2002
52.0
47.2
2.7
97.3
100. 0
2003
38.5
61.5
2.8
97.2
100. 0
2004
34.0
66.0
2.9
97.1
100. 0
2005
37.5
62.5
1.9
98.1
100. 0
2006
45.4
54.6
1.4
98. 6
100. 0
2007
49.5
50.5
.5
99.5
100. 0
2008
45.2
54.8
1.2
98.8
100. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-78
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
2.4 97.6
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
26.6
47.5
55.1
98 .2
100.0
74.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
88.5 11.5
92.7 7.3
90.8 9.2
September 2008
-------
Table P-40 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Honda Marketing Group's All
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1975
31.4
24.5
30.0
26.7
2000
83
54
15.9
1976
32 . 6
25. 6
31.0
27.8
2021
84
56
15. 6
1977
35 .5
28.2
33.2
30.2
2085
88
62
14.8
1978
33.7
27.4
30.3
28.6
2126
90
63
14.8
1979
29.0
23.4
26.5
24.7
2308
97
64
15.5
1980
29.2
23.4
26.8
24.8
2330
100
68
15.1
1981
30.8
24.9
27.9
26.2
2343
100
71
14. 6
1982
33.4
27.0
30.3
28.4
2354
100
71
14. 6
1983
35 .3
28.2
32.5
30.0
2380
101
74
14.5
1984
35 .2
27.7
33.3
29.9
2380
104
84
13. 0
1985
33.8
26.6
32.0
28.8
2432
104
84
13.2
1986
33.6
26.2
31.8
28.5
2565
107
90
13. 6
1987
32.8
25.4
31.1
27.7
2633
109
93
13. 6
1988
31.8
24.4
30.0
26.7
2770
115
105
12. 6
1989
31.3
23.9
29.4
26.2
2800
112
110
12.1
1990
30.4
23.1
28.3
25.4
2884
119
121
11.5
1991
30.3
22.9
28.2
25.2
2913
122
130
11.1
1992
30.9
22.8
29.4
25.7
3015
125
135
11.0
1993
32 .2
23.6
30.2
26.5
2977
119
125
11.5
1994
31.5
23.0
29.5
25.9
3084
123
134
11.2
1995
32.4
23.5
30.2
26.5
3016
118
131
11.2
1996
31.1
22.4
29.0
25.4
3099
126
136
11.1
1997
31.0
22.3
28.5
25.2
3096
124
134
11.3
1998
30.9
22.0
28.6
25.0
3231
129
144
11.1
1999
29.6
20.8
27.5
23.9
3345
139
156
10.7
2000
29.4
20.5
27.5
23.8
3381
142
159
10.7
2001
29.9
20.6
27.7
24.0
3427
145
162
10.6
2002
29.8
20.4
27.7
23.9
3461
149
171
10.3
2003
29.1
19.7
27.2
23.3
3626
159
186
10.0
2004
28.9
19.5
26.9
23.1
3633
158
187
10.0
2005
29.1
19.4
27.0
23.1
3659
160
193
9.8
2006
28.9
19.3
26.9
23.0
3735
163
196
9.7
2007
29.3
19.5
27.2
23.3
3712
158
193
9.9
2008
29.6
19.7
27.6
23.6
3701
157
195
9.7
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
HP/
HP/
TON-
CID
WT
MPG
653
. 0271
31.5
671
. 0278
33.2
716
. 0300
37. 9
701
. 0297
36.3
666
. 0279
33. 6
685
. 0293
34.2
716
. 0305
36.3
715
. 0304
39.7
728
. 0309
42.3
809
. 0354
42.2
813
. 0347
41.4
828
. 0347
43.3
840
. 0348
43.4
912
. 0375
44.4
986
. 0392
44.1
021
. 0418
44.2
056
. 0440
44.5
087
. 0446
47.3
061
. 0418
48.3
107
. 0434
49.0
124
. 0432
49.3
091
. 0439
48.6
091
. 0431
48.4
125
. 0444
50.3
139
. 0464
49.7
141
. 0468
49.9
135
. 0471
51.5
149
. 0488
51.8
170
. 0507
53.3
182
. 0508
53.1
199
. 0520
53.9
213
. 0521
54.9
226
. 0514
55.2
250
. 0521
55.7
September 2008
TOP
SPEED
97
97
100
100
99
100
102
102
102
107
107
108
108
112
114
117 1
120 1
121 1
118 1
120 1
120 1
121 1
120 1
122 1
125 1
126 1
127 1
129 1
132 1
133 1
134 1
135 1
134 1
135 1
P-79
-------
Table P-40 (Continued)
Percent of Honda All:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL
1975
100. 0
100. 0
1976
100. 0
88.9
1977
100. 0
81.3
1978
100. 0
100. 0
1979
100. 0
100. 0
1980
100. 0
66.9
1981
100. 0
73. 6
1982
100. 0
71.8
1983
100. 0
64.5
23.3
1984
100. 0
64.5
35.5
1985
98.3
1.7
62.9
37.1
8.2
1986
98.1
1.9
63.1
36.9
37. 0
1987
99.2
. 8
49.0
51.0
38.1
1988
99.5
.5
47.8
52.2
42.9
22.5
1989
95.9
4.1
46.3
53.7
48.0
26.0
1990
99.7
.3
41.2
58.8
75.1
24.3
1991
99. 6
38. 6
61. 4
74.3
25.7
1992
99. 8
35.2
64.8
100. 0
1993
99. 9
35.5
64.5
100. 0
1994
97. 9
2.0
36.3
63.7
100. 0
1995
99. 9
34.0
66.0
100. 0
1996
96.7
26.2
73. 6
. 1
100. 0
1997
90.1
7.6
23.6
75.7
.7
100. 0
1998
89.7
9.4
20.7
78.8
.5
100. 0
1999
87.9
10.8
16.5
83.3
.2
100. 0
2000
89.8
8.5
14.9
84.9
.2
100. 0
2001
86.3
12.1
13.1
86.6
.3
100. 0
2002
85.8
13.1
12.5
87.2
.2
100. 0
2003
75.5
24.0
9.5
88.5
1.9
100. 0
2004
73.3
26.1
9.4
89.1
1.4
100. 0
2005
72. 6
26.8
7.8
90.5
1.7
100. 0
2006
74.3
25.3
7.1
90. 8
2.1
100. 0
2007
76.9
22.8
6.6
91. 4
2.0
100. 0
2008
76.4
23.2
8.1
89.6
2.3
100. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-80
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICIiE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
96.9
3.1
1.1
98.9
33.9
96.0
4.0
. 1
99. 9
27.1
92.3
7.7
100. 0
27.6
86.2
13. 8
100. 0
57.2
45. 6
54.4
100. 0
64.4
35.1
64.9
100. 0
68 .5
.5
33.7
66.3
100. 0
83.9
.3
36.9
63.1
100. 0
96.3
.2
31.8
68.2
2.3
97.7
99.8
2.3
24.5
75.5
1.7
98.3
89.4
1.7
26.7
73.3
1.9
98.1
100.0
3.4
25.4
74. 6
2.1
97. 9
100.0
2.4
26.9
68.0
5.2
2.0
98.0
100.0
2.2
26.3
70.4
3.2
2.3
97.7
100.0
2.3
31.6
42. 6
25.8
September 2008
-------
Table P-41
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Nissan Marketing Group's Cars
YEAR < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPEED CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975 25.2
1976 26.8
1977 27.2
1978 27.0
1979 26.6
1980 31.1
1981 30.4
1982 30.5
1983 32.5
1984 31.6
1985 29.4
1986 30.2
1987 29.4
1988 30.7
1989 30.2
1990 28.3
1991 29.0
1992 29.9
1993 29.1
1994 29.8
1995 29.2
1996 30.2
1997 29.6
1998 30.2
1999 29.6
2000 28.0
2001 28.3
2002 28.9
2003 27.9
2004 28.2
2005 29.4
2006 29.1
2007 31.6
2008 32.0
19.4 25.0
20.9 25.8
21.5 25.5
21.4 25.2
20.9 25.3
24.7 28.9
24.2 28.1
24.2 28.6
25.4 31.2
24.5 30.6
22.9 28.3
23.2 29.5
22.4 28.6
23.5 29.2
22.8 28.9
21.1 27.5
21.3 28.3
21.8 29.0
21.1 28.3
21.5 28.9
20.9 28.2
21.4 29.0
20.8 28.6
21.0 29.0
20.5 28.3
19.3 26.8
19.5 26.7
19.9 26.8
19.0 25.9
19.0 26.3
19.7 26.9
19.6 26.6
21.3 28.5
21.6 28.8
21.5 2589
22.8 2547
23.1 2537
23.0 2510
22.7 2502
26.4 2469
25.8 2535
26.0 2575
27.7 2523
26.9 2653
25.1 2749
25.7 2777
24.9 2875
25.8 2776
25.3 2837
23.7 3026
24.2 3081
24.9 3026
24.2 3097
24.6 3035
24.1 3143
24.8 3121
24.2 3122
24.6 3283
24.1 3341
22.7 3381
22.8 3305
23.2 3368
22.3 3430
22.5 3528
23.3 3521
23.0 3525
24.9 3483
25.2 3455
117
112
73.5 111
73.7 110
79.1 112
83.5 106
81.7 114
87.6 118
91.7 118
88.9 125
91.2 128
89.2 129
97.5 125
97.2 117
99.1 124
97.8 144
98.4 143
99.1 137
100.1 138
101.1 135
103.9 148
104.4 145
105.1 146
106.4 146
107.2 148
111.2 158
109.1 150
113.2 165
108.3 177
105.2 177
111.1 166
109.8 166
113.0 163
110.1 162
114 11.6
108 11.8
106 11.9
105 11.9
87 13.7
83 13.9
91 13.6
92 13.5
91 13.2
104 12.6
104 12.9
105 13.0
99 14.0
93 14.4
112 12.2
139 11.1
146 10.6
141 10.7
146 10.6
142 10.7
159 10.0
156 10.1
156 10.1
156 10.5
157 10.6
184 9.5
173 9.8
193 9.2
213 8.7
215 8.9
197 9.4
201 9.4
197 9.5
198 9.4
117 .959
115 .950
115 .950
114 .940
106 .775
105 .780
108 .781
108 .765
108 .762
112 .812
111 .793
111 .792
108 .778
106 .774
114 .904
122 .953
124 1.035
123 1.049
124 1.067
124 1.068
129 1.082
128 1.091
128 1.081
126 1.075
126 1.068
135 1.160
132 1.150
139 1.174
145 1.195
144 1.212
138 1.180
139 1.197
138 1.192
139 1.200
.0427 33.4
.0413 34.8
.0409 35.4
.0408 34.6
.0339 33.7
.0331 38.7
.0350 38.9
.0350 40.0
.0354 41.6
.0380 42.5
.0367 40.8
.0365 42.2
.0334 42.4
.0325 42.9
.0391 42.9
.0447 43.0
.0467 45.0
.0461 45.7
.0466 45.3
.0461 45.5
.0500 46.1
.0494 47.4
.0494 46.4
.0471 49.6
.0467 49.5
.0542 47.3
.0519 46.8
.0569 49.1
.0616 48.2
.0600 50.1
.0553 51.8
.0560 51.5
.0555 55.7
.0563 55.9
2144
2623
2105
2565
2224
2682
2671
3242
2574
3189
2838
3536
3146
3840
2983
3792
2853
3716
2855
3762
2945
4138
3073
4168
3056
4262
2857
4218
2928
4432
3036
4527
2970
4536
3068
4594
3072
4795
3187
4943
3137
4869
3230
5278
3191
5309
3119
5256
3105
5104
3300
5546
3065
5238
3032
5301
3305
5779
3252
5681
3674
6316
3617
6167
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-81
September 2008
-------
Table P-41 (Continued)
Percent of Nissan Cars:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
1975
79.3
33.7
1976
74.5
24.5
1977
72.0
24.8
1978
71.8
21.6
1979
17. 6
75.3
28.4
1980
22.9
73.1
32.8
1981
20.9
68.0
12.9
40.3
1982
44.9
57.7
21.1
37. 6
1983
69.3
61. 6
37.5
31.9
1984
41.8
60.1
38.1
58.2
1985
73.1
53.0
46.2
52.4
1986
70.1
55.2
44.8
50.2
1987
90. 9
46.2
53.8
32.8
1988
91. 0
49.8
50.2
34.3
1989
84.7
44.2
55.8
43.0
1990
74.9
40.8
59.2
65.4
1991
81.4
34.1
65.9
99.3
1992
87.2
33. 6
66.4
99. 8
1993
85.8
24.3
75.7
100. 0
1994
90.7
20.8
79.2
100. 0
1995
89.0
21.5
78.5
100. 0
1996
96.0
26.8
73.2
100. 0
1997
94.8
12. 6
87.4
100. 0
1998
97. 6
13.3
86.7
100. 0
1999
98.2
9.8
90.2
100. 0
2000
99.1
9.3
90.7
100. 0
2001
99.5
7.8
92.2
100. 0
2002
98.2
10.4
89.6
100. 0
2003
74.7
11.6
88.4
100. 0
2004
72.4
3.9
10.9
89.1
100. 0
2005
85. 6
2.1
6.9
93.1
100. 0
2006
79.1
4.9
6.3
93.7
100. 0
2007
81.1
5.9
5.9
24.5 69.7
100. 0
2008
83.0
3.1
10.2
20.8 69.0
100. 0
.7
.2
. 9
1.9
1.2
. 9
.2
. 1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-82
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
100. 0
97. 6
2.4
96.1
3.9
34.5
65.2
.3
25.1
29.7
45.3
24.9
16.6
58.6
15.0
16.0
69. 0
14.1
85.9
11.7
88.3
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
VEHICLE SIZE
WT HYBRID SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
79.1
20.9
2.5
74.1
25.9
37.1
72.8
27.2
53.0
74.7
25.3
40.2
80.8
19.2
50.6
83.2
16.8
54.9
68.7
31.3
73.3
59.8
40.2
64 .2
67. 0
33. 0
59.2
66.5
33.5
50.1
68.5
31.5
62.0
51.2
48.8
57.9
63. 6
36.4
97.1
28.5
71.5
100.0
39.5
60.5
100.0
53.2
46.8
100.0
32.0
68.0
100.0
36.2
57.3
6.5
100.0
1.3
4.6
89.8
5.5
100.0
1.4
13. 8
82.8
3.3
September 2008
-------
Table P-42
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Nissan Marketing Group's Wagons
YEAR < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPEED CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975 20.9
1976 27.4
1977 27.1
1978 25.5
1979 27.9
1980 32.2
1981 31.4
1982 32.0
1983 34.6
1984 35.1
1985 30.0
1986 28.2
1987 27.8
1988 28.0
1989 32.3
1990 33.5
16.7 19.3
21.7 25.8
21.4 25.3
20.4 23.5
22.3 25.8
26.0 29.2
25.3 28.6
25.5 29.7
27.1 33.1
27.5 33.6
23.5 28.6
21.9 27.0
21.4 26.7
21.5 26.4
25.0 29.6
25.6 30.8
17.8 3000
23.4 2693
23.0 2646
21.7 2668
23.7 2457
27.3 2415
26.7 2497
27.2 2511
29.5 2466
29.9 2458
25.6 2626
24.0 2935
23.6 2999
23.6 2977
27.0 2767
27.9 2692
119
109
105.5 110
107.6 115
102.0 96
102.6 98
103.4 105
106.2 105
108.2 107
108.2 106
110.4 123
126.6 120
122.2 128
125.1 122
114.8 98
115.0 98
109 12.7
101 12.5
104 12.1
110 11.8
73 15.0
74 14.6
77 14.7
76 15.0
78 14.3
78 14.2
95 13.4
96 14.0
101 14.2
97 14.4
90 14.0
90 13.7
111 .916
111 .922
113 .937
115 .944
101 .759
102 .762
103 .735
102 .729
103 .730
103 .732
108 .752
106 .790
107 .778
106 .784
106 .918
107 .918
.0363 31.5
.0373 37.0
.0388 36.2
.0406 34.6
.0295 34.3
.0306 39.0
.0307 39.5
.0301 40.6
.0316 42.7
.0316 43.4
.0348 39.9
.0324 41.6
.0329 41.9
.0320 41.8
.0326 44.7
.0335 45.1
2924
3812
2825
3720
2865
3501
3317
4015
3289
4085
3461
4315
3812
4630
3897
4701
3469
4397
3618
5265
3461
5114
3547
5221
3723
5136
3863
5189
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-83
September 2008
-------
Table P-42 (Continued)
Percent of Nissan Wagons:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL
1975
62.5
1976
71.5
1977
72.3
10.0
1978
67.3
18. 6
1979
64.9
3.5
1980
64.5
1.1
1981
52.5
28.1
10.3
1982
39.1
41.7
40.6
14.8
1983
82.7
51.9
48.1
16.5
1984
83.3
52.8
47.2
16.7
1985
100. 0
34.9
65.1
30.1
1986
88.1
11.9
45.7
54.3
77. 9
1987
90.1
9.9
36.7
63.3
58.9
1988
89.0
11.0
33. 9
66.1
65.0
1989
79.2
20.8
34.3
65.7
1990
100. 0
27.1
72.9
4.6
35.0
100. 0
100. 0
1.8
7.4
. 9
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-84
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
VEHICLE SIZE
WT HYBRID SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
30.3
69.7
73. 8
26.2
50.3
49.7
100. 0
100. 0
September 2008
-------
Table P-43
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Nissan Marketing Group's Cars and Wagons
YEAR < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPEED CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975 25.0
1976 26.9
1977 27.2
1978 26.8
1979 26.8
1980 31.2
1981 30.5
1982 30.7
1983 32.7
1984 31.9
1985 29.5
1986 29.9
1987 29.3
1988 30.6
1989 30.2
1990 28.4
1991 29.0
1992 29.9
1993 29.1
1994 29.8
1995 29.2
1996 30.2
1997 29.6
1998 30.2
1999 29.6
2000 28.0
2001 28.3
2002 28.9
2003 27.9
2004 28.2
2005 29.4
2006 29.1
2007 31.6
2008 32.0
19.2 24.7
21.0 25.8
21.5 25.5
21.3 24.9
21.1 25.4
24.9 29.0
24.4 28.1
24.3 28.8
25.6 31.4
24.8 30.9
23.0 28.3
23.0 29.1
22.3 28.5
23.4 29.0
22.8 28.9
21.1 27.5
21.3 28.3
21.8 29.0
21.1 28.3
21.5 28.9
20.9 28.2
21.4 29.0
20.8 28.6
21.0 29.0
20.5 28.3
19.3 26.8
19.5 26.7
19.9 26.8
19.0 25.9
19.0 26.3
19.7 26.9
19.6 26.6
21.3 28.5
21.6 28.8
21.4 2606
22.9 2568
23.1 2555
22.8 2534
22.8 2494
26.6 2461
25.9 2530
26.1 2568
27.9 2516
27.2 2633
25.1 2738
25.4 2801
24.8 2882
25.7 2786
25.3 2836
23.8 3025
24.2 3081
24.9 3026
24.2 3097
24.6 3035
24.1 3143
24.8 3121
24.2 3122
24.6 3283
24.1 3341
22.7 3381
22.8 3305
23.2 3368
22.3 3430
22.5 3528
23.3 3521
23.0 3525
24.9 3483
25.2 3455
117
112
78.7 111
78.8 111
83.2 109
86.3 105
84.7 113
89.7 117
93.6 116
90.9 123
93.0 128
95.0 128
98.9 125
98.5 118
99.3 124
97.8 144
98.4 143
99.1 137
100.1 138
101.1 135
103.9 148
104.4 145
105.1 146
106.4 146
107.2 148
111.2 158
109.1 150
113.2 165
108.3 177
105.2 177
111.1 166
109.8 166
113.0 163
110.1 162
113 11.6
107 11.9
106 11.9
105 11.9
85 14.0
82 14.0
89 13.7
90 13.6
90 13.4
101 12.8
103 12.9
103 13.1
99 14.1
93 14.4
112 12.2
138 11.1
146 10.6
141 10.7
146 10.6
142 10.7
159 10.0
156 10.1
156 10.1
156 10.5
157 10.6
184 9.5
173 9.8
193 9.2
213 8.7
215 8.9
197 9.4
201 9.4
197 9.5
198 9.4
117 .957
115 .946
114 .948
114 .941
106 .772
105 .777
107 .774
107 .761
108 .759
111 .804
111 .789
110 .792
108 .778
106 .775
114 .904
122 .953
124 1.035
123 1.049
124 1.067
124 1.068
129 1.082
128 1.091
128 1.081
126 1.075
126 1.068
135 1.160
132 1.150
139 1.174
145 1.195
144 1.212
138 1.180
139 1.197
138 1.192
139 1.200
0424
33.3
0407
35.1
0406
35 .5
0407
34 . 6
0331
33.8
0327
38 .7
0344
38.9
0344
40.1
0349
41.7
0373
42 . 6
0366
40.7
0359
42.1
0333
42.4
0325
42.8
0390
42.9
0447
43.0
0467
45.0
0461
45 .7
0466
45 .3
0461
45 .5
0500
46.1
0494
47.4
0494
46.4
0471
49.6
0467
49.5
0542
47.3
0519
46.8
0569
49.1
0616
48.2
0600
50.1
0553
51.8
0560
51.5
0555
55 .7
0563
55.9
2272
2819
2213
2739
2337
2827
2763
3353
2672
3312
2909
3625
3223
3931
3078
3887
2910
3779
2973
3994
2975
4194
3096
4218
3063
4271
2861
4221
2928
4432
3036
4527
2970
4536
3068
4594
3072
4795
3187
4943
3137
4869
3230
5278
3191
5309
3119
5256
3105
5104
3300
5546
3065
5238
3032
5301
3305
5779
3252
5681
3674
6316
3617
6167
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-85
September 2008
-------
Table P-43 (Continued)
Percent of Nissan Cars and Wagons:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
1975
78. 6
32.3
1976
74.1
21.0
1977
72.0
22.4
1978
71.1
21.2
1979
14.5
73. 4
24.0
1980
19.6
71.8
28.2
1981
18.1
65.9
15.0
36.2
1982
44.2
55.9
23.3
35.0
1983
70.9
60.5
38.7
30.1
1984
46.1
59.3
39.1
53.9
1985
75. 6
51.3
47.9
50.3
1986
72.9
1.8
53.7
46.3
54.5
1987
90. 8
. 6
45.7
54.3
34.3
1988
90. 9
.5
49.0
51.0
35.8
1989
84.6
.2
44.1
55.9
42.5
1990
74.9
40.7
59.3
65.2
1991
81.4
34.1
65.9
99.3
1992
87.2
33. 6
66.4
99. 8
1993
85.8
24.3
75.7
100. 0
1994
90.7
20.8
79.2
100. 0
1995
89.0
21.5
78.5
100. 0
1996
96.0
26.8
73.2
100. 0
1997
94.8
12. 6
87.4
100. 0
1998
97. 6
13.3
86.7
100. 0
1999
98.2
9.8
90.2
100. 0
2000
99.1
9.3
90.7
100. 0
2001
99.5
7.8
92.2
100. 0
2002
98.2
10.4
89.6
100. 0
2003
74.7
11.6
88.4
100. 0
2004
72.4
3.9
10.9
89.1
100. 0
2005
85. 6
2.1
6.9
93.1
100. 0
2006
79.1
4.9
6.3
93.7
100. 0
2007
81.1
5.9
5.9
24.5 69.7
100. 0
2008
83.0
3.1
10.2
20.8 69.0
100. 0
.7
.2
1.0
2.5
1.2
. 8
.2
. 1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-86
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
100. 0
97. 8
2.2
96.3
3.7
34.1
65. 6
.3
25.0
29.6
45.4
24.9
16.6
58.6
15.0
16.0
69. 0
14.1
85.9
11.7
88.3
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
VEHICLE SIZE
WT HYBRID SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
89.2
10.8
98.5
1.5
97. 6
2.4
79.3
20.7
2.5
74.1
25.9
37.1
72.8
27.2
53.0
74.7
25.3
40.2
80.8
19.2
50.6
83.2
16.8
54.9
68.7
31.3
73.3
59.8
40.2
64 .2
67. 0
33. 0
59.2
66.5
33.5
50.1
68.5
31.5
62.0
51.2
48.8
57.9
63. 6
36.4
97.1
28.5
71.5
100.0
39.5
60.5
100.0
53.2
46.8
100.0
32.0
68.0
100.0
36.2
57.3
6.5
100.0
1.3
4.6
89.8
5.5
100.0
1.4
13. 8
82.8
3.3
September 2008
-------
Table P-44 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Nissan Marketing Group's Vans
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1987
22.4
17. 6
20.5
18.9
3500
146
106
14.8
1988
22 .3
17.3
20.8
18.8
3611
146
106
15.2
1989
22 .2
17.1
20.6
18. 6
3738
146
106
15. 6
1990
25.4
19.3
24.0
21.3
3452
146
137
11.9
1991
26.0
19.4
24.9
21.7
3382
146
138
11.7
1992
25 . 6
18.9
24.4
21.3
3500
146
138
12.0
1993
21.8
15.9
21.2
18.1
4000
181
151
12.5
1994
22 .7
16.4
22.0
18.8
4000
181
151
12.5
1995
23.0
16.5
22.3
19.0
4000
181
151
12.5
1996
22.9
16.4
22.0
18.9
4000
181
151
12.5
1997
22 . 6
16.1
21.6
18. 6
4000
181
151
12.5
1998
22 .7
16.0
21.8
18. 6
4000
181
151
12.5
1999
23.1
15.9
22.9
19.0
4000
200
170
11.3
2000
22.8
15.7
22.5
18.7
4000
200
170
11.3
2001
22 . 6
15.5
21.9
18.4
4000
200
170
11.3
2002
22 . 6
15.4
21.8
18.4
4000
200
170
11.3
2004
24 . 6
16.4
23.7
19.9
4500
214
240
9.4
2005
24.7
16.4
23.5
19.9
4500
214
240
9.4
2006
24.9
16.6
23.7
20.1
4500
214
240
9.4
2007
24.5
16.3
23.5
19.7
4500
214
240
9.4
2008
24.5
16.3
23.5
19.7
4500
213
240
9.4
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
HP/
HP/
TON-
CID
WT
MPG
726
. 0303
39.1
726
. 0294
40.3
726
. 0285
41.4
942
. 0399
43.9
945
. 0410
44.0
945
. 0394
44.8
834
. 0377
43.5
834
. 0377
45.4
834
. 0378
46.0
834
. 0377
45.8
834
. 0377
45.2
834
. 0377
45.4
850
. 0425
46.1
850
. 0425
45.7
850
. 0425
45.1
850
. 0425
45.1
121
. 0533
55.3
121
. 0533
55.5
121
. 0533
56.1
121
. 0533
55.0
127
. 0533
55.1
September 2008
TOP
SPEED
106
105
104
118
119
117
117
117
117
117
117
117
124
124
124
124
140 1
140 1
140 1
140 1
140 1
P-87
-------
Table P-44 (Continued)
Percent of Nissan Vans:
MODEL
DRIVETRAIN
TRANSMISSION
FUEL
METERING
YEAR
FRONT
4WD
MANUAL LOCK CVT
GDI
PORT
TBI
1987
18.0
82.0
100. 0
1988
15.3
84.7
100. 0
1989
18.0
82.0
100. 0
1990
86.5
11.9
27.2
72.8
98.4
1.6
1991
99.5
.5
24.2
75.8
100. 0
1992
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
1993
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
1994
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
1995
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
1996
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
1997
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
1998
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
1999
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
2000
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
2001
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
2002
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
2004
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
2005
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
2006
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
2007
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
2008
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
DSL
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-88
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
September 2008
-------
Table P-45 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Nissan Marketing Group's SUVs
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1987
18 .7
14.8
17. 0
15.7
4000
175
134
13. 6
1988
18 .5
14.5
17.2
15. 6
4000
181
140
13.2
1989
19.0
14.7
17. 6
15.9
4000
181
145
12.8
1990
19.5
14.9
18.2
16.3
4000
181
153
12.3
1991
19.5
14.8
18.1
16.3
4000
181
153
12.3
1992
19. 6
14.8
18.2
16.3
4000
181
153
12.3
1993
19.4
14.7
17. 9
16.1
4304
181
153
13. 0
1994
18 . 6
14.1
16.9
15.4
4352
181
153
13.1
1995
19.1
14.2
17. 4
15.7
4204
181
153
12.8
1996
19.8
14.7
18.0
16.3
4000
200
168
11.4
1997
19. 6
14.4
18.0
16.1
4399
200
168
12.3
1998
19.5
14.2
17. 9
15.9
4398
200
168
12.3
1999
19.5
14.2
17. 9
15.9
4338
200
169
12.2
2000
19. 6
14.2
17. 6
15.9
4293
199
170
12.0
2001
19.8
14.3
17. 8
16.0
4306
207
209
10.4
2002
19.9
14.2
17. 8
16.0
4296
204
201
10.7
2003
21.8
15.3
19.8
17.5
4234
210
227
9.6
2004
20.3
14.0
18.9
16.4
4731
262
256
9.5
2005
21.3
14.5
20.0
17.2
4714
248
270
8.9
2006
21.4
14.5
20.1
17.2
4734
248
269
9.0
2007
22 .3
15.2
20.7
17. 9
4645
240
2 63
9.0
2008
22 .5
15.3
21.0
18.1
4736
236
277
9.2
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
HP/
HP/
TON-
CID
WT
MPG
766
. 0336
37. 4
773
. 0350
37.1
801
. 0362
37. 9
845
. 0382
39.0
845
. 0382
39.0
845
. 0382
39.2
845
. 0357
41.8
845
. 0353
40.4
845
. 0365
40.0
840
. 0420
39.7
840
. 0383
43.1
840
. 0383
42.9
843
. 0390
42.4
851
. 0396
42.0
004
. 0486
42.7
981
. 0467
42.7
075
. 0538
46.5
997
. 0542
48.2
107
. 0577
50.3
099
. 0572
50.8
107
. 0570
51.9
172
. 0576
53.8
September 2008
TOP
SPEED
112
114
115
118
118
118
116
115
116
123
119
119
120
121
133 1
130
140 1
143
147 1
147 1
146 1
148 1
P-89
-------
Table P-45 (Continued)
Percent of Nissan SUVs:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
1987
100. 0
52.4
47.6
1988
100. 0
45.3
54.7
1989
83.3
52.4
47.6
1990
91.7
31.5
68.5
100. 0
1991
84.7
32.1
67. 9
100. 0
1992
74.9
32.3
67.7
100. 0
1993
72.5
29.2
70.8
100. 0
1994
100. 0
23.2
76.8
100. 0
1995
70.9
29.8
70.2
100. 0
1996
71.3
21.7
78.3
100. 0
1997
79.7
11.1
88.9
100. 0
1998
79.6
6.7
93.3
100. 0
1999
67.5
4.2
95.8
100. 0
2000
58.7
9.9
90.1
100. 0
2001
56.8
7.1
92.9
100. 0
2002
56.9
8.9
90.1
100. 0
2003
10.9
58.6
4.0
70.6 25.4
100. 0
2004
8.0
53.9
2.7
79.0 18.3
100. 0
2005
11.1
57.5
1.4
73.6 25.0
100. 0
2006
11.1
52.9
2.1
69.8 28.1
100. 0
2007
13. 0
59.1
1.4
57.0 41.6
100. 0
2008
5.4
67.2
1.3
71.8 26.8
100. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-90
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
98.7 1.3
42.9 57.1 56.1
1.8 98.2 41.2
33.2 66.8 65.0
22.7 77.3 76.0
100.0 100.0
100.0 100.0
100.0 100.0
100.0 100.0
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
65.4 34.6
100. 0
100. 0
57.7 42.3
50.3 49.7
19.0 81.0
21.6 78.4
20.7 79.3
47.3 52.7
September 2008
-------
Table P-46 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Nissan Marketing Group's Pickups
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1975
23.6
18.0
23.5
20.1
2750
119
107
12.0
1976
24.5
19.1
23.7
20.9
2750
119
109
11.8
1977
25.0
19.5
24.0
21.3
2750
119
109
11.8
1978
25 . 6
20.7
23.1
21.7
2786
119
107
12.1
1979
23.2
18.4
21.6
19.7
2781
119
92
13. 6
1980
25.1
20.3
22.7
21.3
2830
119
92
13. 8
1981
27.7
22.3
25.3
23.6
2893
133
92
14.3
1982
27.8
22.5
25.1
23.6
2894
133
91
14.5
1983
27.4
21.8
25.4
23.3
3041
141
100
13. 6
1984
26.2
20.9
24.4
22.3
3156
145
103
13. 8
1985
25 .7
20.5
23.6
21.8
3137
146
103
13.7
1986
24.7
19.4
23.2
20.9
3229
151
109
13. 4
1987
25.1
19.3
24.0
21.2
3169
151
111
13.1
1988
24.7
19.2
22.9
20.8
3239
151
112
13.2
1989
24.8
18.9
23.3
20.8
3239
152
113
13.2
1990
27.1
20.8
25.0
22. 6
3167
149
135
11.2
1991
26.9
20.5
24.8
22.4
3203
149
135
11.3
1992
26.7
20.2
24.6
22.2
3229
150
135
11.3
1993
26.4
19.8
24.2
21.8
3257
150
136
11.4
1994
25 . 6
19.1
23.3
21.0
3333
152
137
11.5
1995
24.9
18. 6
22.4
20.4
3365
153
138
11.5
1996
25 .2
18.7
22.5
20.5
3355
146
134
11.8
1997
24.9
18.5
22.1
20.2
3350
146
134
11.7
1998
25 .5
18.7
22.7
20.6
3604
146
142
11.9
1999
23.3
17. 0
20.6
18.8
3788
166
152
11.8
2000
21.8
15.9
19.4
17. 6
3918
177
158
11.7
2001
22 .2
16.1
19.7
17. 9
3880
178
161
11.5
2002
22.0
15.8
19.4
17. 6
3944
179
163
11.6
2003
22.4
15.9
19.8
17. 9
3945
182
170
11.2
2004
23.2
16.2
20.8
18.5
3870
177
166
11.3
2005
19.4
13.3
18.0
15.7
4895
290
281
9.0
2006
19.8
13. 6
18.3
15.9
4811
280
272
9.2
2007
20.1
13. 8
18.5
16.2
4771
270
266
9.3
2008
18 . 6
12.7
17. 6
15.1
5463
312
419
7.5
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
HP/
HP/
TON-
CID
WT
MPG
901
. 0390
32.5
917
. 0397
33. 8
914
. 0396
34.4
899
. 0385
35.7
773
. 0332
32.4
770
. 0325
35.8
693
. 0320
40.9
685
. 0317
40.9
716
. 0332
42.0
709
. 0327
41.7
705
. 0330
40.3
725
. 0340
39.9
733
. 0351
39.9
738
. 0347
40.1
739
. 0348
40.2
905
. 0429
43.1
905
. 0424
43.1
903
. 0423
43.3
910
. 0421
43.2
906
. 0417
42.7
903
. 0415
42.0
918
. 0404
42.2
918
. 0405
41.7
973
. 0396
46.1
923
. 0401
44.3
903
. 0405
43.1
916
. 0416
43.5
915
. 0413
43.6
939
. 0431
44.3
940
. 0427
45.1
984
. 0573
47.5
989
. 0563
47.6
998
. 0554
48.0
319
. 0754
50.7
September 2008
TOP
SPEED
113
114
114
113
107
106
106
105
108
108
108
109
110
110
110
120
120
119
119
119
119
118
118
118
119
121
122
122
124
123
148
146
145
178 1
P-91
-------
Table P-46 (Continued)
Percent of Nissan Pickups:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL
1975
o
o
a\
1976
90. 0
1977
85.4
1978
87.6
1979
88.5
1980
14.2
91. 9
1981
28.0
94. 6
1982
24.2
94.5
1983
24.5
95. 6
3.4
1984
31.2
91.2
8.8
1985
26.3
86.7
13.3
1986
25.3
87.2
12.8
1987
14. 6
79.5
20.5
1988
23.8
79.3
20.7
1989
25.1
79.9
20.1
1990
18.1
84.0
16.0
100. 0
1991
20.6
78.4
21.6
100. 0
1992
22.4
78.3
21.7
100. 0
1993
22.3
76.5
23.5
100. 0
1994
29.0
77.7
22.3
100. 0
1995
25.3
76.6
23.4
100. 0
1996
18.0
76.8
23.2
100. 0
1997
20.8
79.6
20.4
100. 0
1998
24.6
74.2
25.8
100. 0
1999
38.9
48.2
51.8
100. 0
2000
25.4
33.7
66.3
100. 0
2001
21.9
33. 4
66.6
100. 0
2002
24.3
28.6
71.4
100. 0
2003
28.1
28.3
71.7
100. 0
2004
23.7
29.5
70.5
100. 0
2005
41.7
7.3
92.7
100. 0
2006
35. 6
9.1
90. 9
100. 0
2007
34.8
9.0
91. 0
100. 0
2008
51.7
4.0
96.0
100. 0
64.4
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
16.0
18.8
2.5
.3
. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-92
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
37.1
62.9
58.2
41.8
58.3
41.7
100. 0
67.3
32.7
57.6
42.4
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
VEHICLE SIZE
WT HYBRID SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
41.8 58.2
41.7 58.3
38.3 61.7
32.7 67.3
100. 0
94.7 100.0
100.0 100.0
100.0 100.0
100.0 100.0
September 2008
-------
Table P-47 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Nissan Marketing Group's Trucks
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1975
23.6
18.0
23.5
20.1
2750
119
107
12.0
1976
24.5
19.1
23.7
20.9
2750
119
109
11.8
1977
25.0
19.5
24.0
21.3
2750
119
109
11.8
1978
25 . 6
20.7
23.1
21.7
2786
119
107
12.1
1979
23.2
18.4
21.6
19.7
2781
119
92
13. 6
1980
25.1
20.3
22.7
21.3
2830
119
92
13. 8
1981
27.7
22.3
25.3
23.6
2893
133
92
14.3
1982
27.8
22.5
25.1
23.6
2894
133
91
14.5
1983
27.4
21.8
25.4
23.3
3041
141
100
13. 6
1984
26.2
20.9
24.4
22.3
3156
145
103
13. 8
1985
25 .7
20.5
23.6
21.8
3137
146
103
13.7
1986
24.7
19.4
23.2
20.9
3229
151
109
13. 4
1987
23.5
18.3
22.1
19.9
3338
154
114
13.3
1988
22 .7
17.7
21.1
19.1
3444
158
118
13.3
1989
23.7
18.2
22.2
19.9
3352
156
117
13.1
1990
25 .3
19.4
23.5
21.1
3335
154
138
11.4
1991
24.8
18.8
22.9
20.6
3383
156
139
11.5
1992
24.0
18.1
22.1
19.9
3476
160
141
11.6
1993
23.7
17. 8
22.0
19.6
3603
161
142
11.9
1994
22.9
17.1
21.2
18.9
3718
165
144
12.1
1995
22.4
16.6
20.6
18.4
3741
167
145
12.1
1996
22.9
16.9
20.9
18.7
3694
170
148
CO
1997
22 .3
16.4
20.4
18.2
3841
172
149
12.1
1998
22 .3
16.2
20.3
18.2
3985
173
154
12.2
1999
21.2
15.2
19.6
17.3
4112
191
164
11.9
2000
20.8
15.0
18.8
16.9
4104
191
165
11.8
2001
20.7
14.9
18. 6
16.7
4157
198
192
10.8
2002
20.7
14.8
18.5
16.6
4163
196
186
11.0
2003
21.9
15.4
19.8
17. 6
4164
204
214
10.0
2004
21.2
14. 6
19.7
17.1
4567
242
240
9.8
2005
20.9
14.2
19.6
16.9
4752
258
271
9.0
2006
21.0
14.3
19.6
16.9
4746
257
268
9.1
2007
21.8
14.9
20.3
17.5
4667
246
2 62
9.1
2008
21.5
14. 6
20.2
17.3
4910
254
312
8.7
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
HP/
HP/
TON-
CID
WT
MPG
901
. 0390
32.5
917
. 0397
33. 8
914
. 0396
34.4
899
. 0385
35.7
773
. 0332
32.4
770
. 0325
35.8
693
. 0320
40.9
685
. 0317
40.9
716
. 0332
42.0
709
. 0327
41.7
705
. 0330
40.3
725
. 0340
39.9
738
. 0343
39.4
745
. 0344
39.4
748
. 0350
39.8
899
. 0418
42.5
892
. 0415
42.2
885
. 0410
42.0
885
. 0400
42.9
876
. 0393
42.8
872
. 0393
42.2
876
. 0402
42.4
875
. 0392
42.8
899
. 0388
44.6
866
. 0401
43.8
872
. 0404
42.9
965
. 0461
43.1
950
. 0447
43.1
042
. 0513
46.0
004
. 0523
48.6
071
. 0573
49.8
064
. 0566
50.0
076
. 0562
51.1
207
. 0621
53.1
September 2008
TOP
SPEED
113
114
114
113
107
106
106
105
108
108
108
109
110
111
111
119
119
119
118
118
118
119
118
119
121
121
129
127
136 1
139 1
147 1
146 1
145 1
155 1
P-93
-------
Table P-47 (Continued)
Percent of Nissan Trucks:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL
1975
o
o
1976
90. 0
1977
85.4
1978
87.6
1979
88.5
1980
14.2
91. 9
1981
28.0
94. 6
1982
24.2
94.5
1983
24.5
95. 6
3.4
1984
31.2
91.2
8.8
1985
26.3
86.7
13.3
1986
25.3
87.2
12.8
1987
27.2
69.1
30.9
1988
40.2
67. 0
33. 0
1989
33.7
75.7
24.3
1990
8.9
29.7
69.5
30.5
99. 8
1991
. 1
35.1
67. 9
32.1
100. 0
1992
. 1
39.2
63.5
36.5
100. 0
1993
14.1
30.8
54.8
45.2
100. 0
1994
22.5
38.8
47.7
52.3
100. 0
1995
19.0
34.4
47.8
52.2
100. 0
1996
24.4
28.6
42. 6
57.4
100. 0
1997
18.4
37. 8
40.7
59.3
100. 0
1998
13. 4
44.1
36.4
63. 6
100. 0
1999
23.7
43.9
14.9
85.1
100. 0
2000
13.2
37. 6
18.2
81.8
100. 0
2001
8.8
41.8
14.0
86.0
100. 0
2002
7.3
42.4
14.5
84.9
100. 0
2003
8.3
51.2
9.9
70.8
19.3
100. 0
2004
18.7
42.2
6.5
80.4
13. 0
100. 0
2005
14. 6
48.3
3.1
81.4
15.5
100. 0
2006
12.4
44.3
4.3
78.5
17.2
100. 0
2007
17. 9
46.1
3.5
71.3
25.2
100. 0
2008
17.7
52.9
1.9
82.9
15.2
100. 0
64.4
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
.2
16.0
18.8
2.5
.3
. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-94
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID
100. 0
52.5 47.
53.8 46.
54.7
83.3
82.5
52.4
8.5
41.4
25.2
45.3
16.7
17.5
47.6
91.5
58.6
74.8
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
35.1
25.1
49.3
67.2
98.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
83.5 16.5
76.4 23.6
85.2 14.8
83.4 16.6
77.5 22.5
68.0 32.0
62.9 37.1
54.5 45.5
50.5 49.5
47.5 52.5
46.2 53.8
45.3 54.7
26.5 73.5
47.3 29.2 23.4
12.0 71.3 16.8
12.1 68.3 19.6
7.9 43.8 48.3
48.9 51.1
19.5 80.5
18.9 81.1
22.6 77.4
41.4 58.6
September 2008
-------
Table P-48 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 Nissan Marketing Group's All
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1975
24.7
18.9
24.4
21.1
2640
118
112
11.7
1976
26.3
20.5
25.3
22.4
2610
114
107
11.9
1977
26.7
21.0
25.2
22.7
2595
112
106
11.9
1978
26.5
21.2
24.5
22. 6
2580
112
106
11.9
1979
26.2
20.6
24.7
22.3
2541
111
86
13. 9
1980
29.8
23.9
27.5
25.4
2531
107
84
14.0
1981
30.0
24.0
27.6
25.5
2596
116
90
13. 8
1982
30.0
23.9
27.9
25.5
2637
120
90
13. 8
1983
31.7
24.9
30.2
27.0
2603
120
91
13. 4
1984
30.5
23.8
29.2
26.0
2748
128
101
13. 0
1985
28.4
22.3
26.9
24.1
2845
133
103
13.1
1986
27.5
21.3
26.3
23.3
2981
137
106
13.2
1987
27.8
21.3
26.8
23.5
2984
131
102
13. 9
1988
28.1
21.6
26.5
23.6
2955
128
100
14.1
1989
28.4
21.5
27.0
23.8
2956
132
113
12.4
1990
27.5
20.6
26.3
23.0
3109
147
138
11.2
1991
27.6
20.5
26.5
23.0
3170
147
144
10.9
1992
28.2
20.8
27.0
23.5
3132
142
141
10.9
1993
27.1
19.9
25.9
22.5
3261
146
145
11.0
1994
27.3
19.9
25.9
22.5
3249
144
143
11.2
1995
26.1
19.0
24.6
21.5
3381
156
153
10.8
1996
27.7
19.9
26.2
22.7
3280
152
154
10.6
1997
26.6
19.0
25.0
21.7
3375
155
154
10.8
1998
27.1
19.2
25.5
22.1
3510
155
155
11.1
1999
26.5
18. 6
25.0
21.6
3570
161
159
11.0
2000
24.3
17.1
22. 6
19.7
3701
172
176
10.5
2001
24.1
17. 0
22.1
19.4
3710
173
182
10.3
2002
25.0
17.5
22.8
20.1
3680
177
191
9.9
2003
25.4
17.5
23.3
20.4
3694
187
213
9.1
2004
24.1
16.5
22.4
19.4
4058
210
228
9.3
2005
25.1
17. 0
23.3
20.1
4034
204
228
9.2
2006
25.0
17. 0
23.1
20.0
4037
204
229
9.2
2007
26.8
18.1
24.5
21.3
3959
197
223
9.3
2008
26.6
18.0
24.5
21.2
4061
201
246
9.1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
HP/
HP/
TON-
CID
WT
MPG
944
. 0416
33.1
939
. 0405
34.8
941
. 0404
35.3
933
. 0403
34.8
772
. 0331
33. 6
776
. 0327
38.2
759
. 0340
39.3
745
. 0338
40.2
751
. 0347
41.8
783
. 0363
42.4
767
. 0356
40.6
764
. 0351
41.1
769
. 0336
41.7
767
. 0330
41.9
868
. 0381
42.2
938
. 0439
42.9
993
. 0452
44.2
011
. 0449
44.8
008
. 0445
44.5
008
. 0440
44.7
999
. 0457
44.6
032
. 0469
46.0
009
. 0458
45.2
018
. 0444
48.0
008
. 0447
47.8
033
. 0481
45.4
062
. 0491
45.1
086
. 0521
46.7
140
. 0579
47.4
106
. 0561
49.3
134
. 0561
51.0
142
. 0563
50.9
145
. 0558
53.8
203
. 0587
54.7
September 2008
TOP
SPEED
116
115
114
114
106
105
107
107
108
110
110
110
108
107
113
121
123
122 1
122 1
122 1
125
126 1
125 1
124 1
124 1
129 1
131 1
134 1
142 1
142 1
142 1
142 1
141 1
146 1
P-95
-------
Table P-48 (Continued)
Percent of Nissan All:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
1975
81.3
24.7
1976
77.7
16.2
1977
74.8
17. 8
1978
74.2
17.3
1979
12.1
75.9
20.1
1980
15.9
2.7
75. 6
22.9
1981
14.8
5.1
71.1
12.3
29.6
3.8
1982
34.8
5.1
64.1
18.4
27.6
6.0
1983
59.1
4.1
66.3
32.8
25.1
1.4
1984
36.0
6.9
66.3
32.4
42.0
.7
1985
55.3
7.0
60. 8
38.7
36.8
. 1
1986
42.2
11.7
67. 8
32.2
31.5
27.1
. 0
1987
70.6
6.5
50.9
49.1
26.6
42.2
1988
67. 6
10.7
53.7
46.3
26.6
73. 0
1989
64.9
8.0
51.5
48.5
32. 6
67. 4
1990
56.9
8.1
48.6
51.4
74.7
25.3
1991
57.5
10.3
44.1
55.9
99.5
.5
1992
66.7
9.2
40.6
59.4
99. 9
. 1
1993
62.5
10.0
34.2
65.8
100. 0
1994
69.3
12.2
29.3
70.7
100. 0
1995
61.2
13.7
32.0
68.0
100. 0
1996
76.2
7.9
31.1
68.9
100. 0
1997
67. 9
13.3
22.5
77.5
100. 0
1998
70.4
14.2
20.7
79.3
100. 0
1999
76.1
13. 0
11.3
88.7
100. 0
2000
61.1
16.6
13.2
86.8
100. 0
2001
56.4
19.8
10.7
89.3
100. 0
2002
62.5
16.7
12.0
87.7
100. 0
2003
50.8
18.4
10.9
82.1
6.9
100. 0
2004
45.0
23.4
8.7
84.7
6.7
100. 0
2005
56.0
21.4
5.3
88.2
6.5
100. 0
2006
51.1
21.4
5.4
87.3
7.2
100. 0
2007
55.7
22.0
4.9
43.3
51.8
100. 0
2008
55.8
23.8
6.8
46.6
46.6
100. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P- 9 6
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
39.7
60.3
14.5
13.1
72.4
18.9
16.3
64.8
17. 6
82.4
24.8
75.2
36.5
63.5
24.9
75.1
3.3
96.7
14.9
85.1
12.9
87.1
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
VEHICLE SIZE
WT HYBRID SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
93. 8
6.2
95.1
4.9
92.2
7.8
80.7
19.3
76.7
23.3
74.2
25.8
73.1
26.9
75.0
25.0
74.2
25.8
33.1
61.5
38.5
53.1
56.4
43.6
41.6
59.7
40.3
40.1
59.7
40.3
35 .2
56.0
44.0
34 . 6
49.5
40.1
10.4
47.0
39.1
53.0
8.0
68.8
22.1
70.2
7.7
81.8
28.1
54.5
17. 4
83.3
26.1
47.9
26.1
99.3
18. 6
47.8
33.5
100.0
21.0
41.2
37. 8
100.0
.8 2.8
62.8
34.4
100.0
.8 8.1
65. 6
26.3
September 2008
-------
Table P-49
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 HK Marketing Group's Cars
YEAR < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPEED CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1986 34.9
1987 34.5
1988 34.3
1989 33.1
1990 33.1
1991 32.7
1992 31.2
1993 31.1
1994 32.7
1995 30.9
1996 31.8
1997 31.0
1998 30.7
1999 30.6
2000 30.0
2001 30.7
2002 30.3
2003 30.1
2004 29.1
2005 29.9
2006 30.6
2007 32.7
2008 31.7
27.9 31.6
27.5 30.9
27.2 30.5
25.2 31.3
25.2 30.7
24.7 30.4
23.1 29.4
23.0 28.9
23.8 30.8
22.1 29.5
22.5 30.5
21.8 29.6
21.4 29.2
21.1 29.5
20.4 29.1
21.0 29.2
20.6 28.6
20.2 28.4
19.4 27.6
19.8 28.0
20.2 29.0
21.6 30.4
21.0 29.7
29.5 2500
29.0 2500
28.7 2500
27.7 2580
27.6 2636
27.2 2628
25.8 2768
25.6 2786
26.9 2672
25.4 2805
26.0 2710
25.3 2791
24.9 2798
24.9 2883
24.3 2942
24.8 2965
24.4 3066
24.1 3114
23.3 3251
23.8 3198
24.4 3394
25.9 3296
25.2 3408
94.2 90
94.2 90
94.2 90
97.4 99
99.1 103
99.1 102
100.0 101
101.0 105
99.4 98
103.5 109
104.0 104
103.9 109
104.5 109
105.5 115
104.9 116
105.9 118
107.9 122
106.8 126
109.8 138
111.0 135
115.1 151
114.6 142
115.9 153
68 15.9
68 16.0
68 16.0
75 15.5
89 13.6
89 13.7
98 13.2
104 12.7
97 13.0
110 12.1
111 11.8
117 11.5
118 11.5
125 11.2
128 11.2
127 11.3
130 11.5
135 11.2
144 11.1
142 11.0
171 10.2
160 10.5
173 10.1
99 .756
99 .756
99 .756
101 .758
106 .873
106 .878
109 .980
111 .989
110 .982
114 1.024
115 1.060
117 1.075
117 1.086
119 1.089
119 1.098
119 1.081
119 1.070
120 1.078
122 1.052
122 1.063
130 1.126
127 1.129
130 1.128
.0272 43.7
.0272 43.2
.0272 43.0
.0287 42.9
.0335 43.8
.0335 43.2
.0352 43.2
.0369 43.4
.0360 43.9
.0391 43.6
.0406 43.3
.0417 43.4
.0420 43.0
.0432 44.1
.0433 44.1
.0426 45.5
.0420 46.6
.0432 46.9
.0440 47.4
.0443 47.8
.0494 51.9
.0478 54.0
.0499 54.1
3296
4120
3259
4073
3240
4050
3239
4170
3310
4335
3277
4279
3152
4327
3172
4383
3284
4364
3248
4509
3339
4498
3248
4503
3227
4489
3237
4660
3159
4632
3276
4832
3302
5028
3241
5011
3234
5210
3354
5311
3559
5996
3792
6195
3719
6278
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-97
September 2008
-------
Table P-49 (Continued)
Percent of HK Cars:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN
YEAR FRONT 4WD
1986 100.0
1987 100.0
1988 100.0
1989 100.0
1990 100.0
1991 100.0
1992 100.0
1993 100.0
1994 100.0
1995 100.0
1996 100.0
1997 100.0
1998 100.0
1999 100.0
2000 100.0
2001 100.0
2002 100.0
2003 100.0
2004 100.0
2005 100.0
2006 100.0
2007 100.0
2008 100.0
TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI Di
74. 6
63.3
36.7
59.5
40.5
47.1
52.9
16.0
42.1
51.9
100. 0
40.0
52.4
100. 0
37.3
54.5
100. 0
33.1
60. 0
100. 0
41.2
57.9
100. 0
30.6
69. 4
100. 0
29.9
70.1
100. 0
30.0
70.0
100. 0
22.9
77.1
100. 0
25.4
74. 6
100. 0
21.6
78.4
100. 0
22. 6
77. 4
100. 0
17.3
82.7
100. 0
17.3
82.7
100. 0
12.5
87.5
100. 0
12.3
87.7
100. 0
8.3
91.7
100. 0
7.8
92.2
100. 0
8.4
91. 6
100. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-98
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
84.0
16.0
100. 0
78.9
21.1
97. 4
2.6
81.9
18.1
76.0
24.0
85.8
14.2
48.1
44.3
7.6
85. 6
14.4
1.6
98.4
98.4
1.6
8.8
36.6
54.5
79.9
20.1
1.9
42.9
55.3
90.7
9.3
3.8
24.4
71.8
3.3
87.2
12.8
2.5
23.9
73. 6
4.9
87.6
12.4
21.1
78.9
33.4
86.3
13.7
17. 8
82.2
36.5
84.8
15.2
4.1
95.9
30.0
78.7
21.3
3.8
96.2
25 .5
72.9
27.1
100. 0
31.3
75.5
24.5
100. 0
38 . 6
47.1
48.7
4.2
100. 0
50.6
21.4
73.3
5.3
100. 0
92 .2
15.1
44.5
40.4
100. 0
42.8
21.0
43.7
35.3
100. 0
25 .3
16.1
45.7
38.2
September 2008
-------
Table P-50 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 HK Marketing Group's Wagons
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
VOL
ENGINE
0-60
TOP
HP/
HP/
TON
CU-FT
CU-FT-
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CU-FT
CID
HP
TIME
SPEED
CID
WT
-MPG
-MPG
TON-MP<
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1996
30.2
21.2
29.7
24.9
3000
126. 9
110
130
11.1
120
1.182
.0433
45 .3
3836
5754
1997
30.4
21.2
29.7
24.9
3000
126. 9
109
130
11.1
120
1.193
.0433
45 . 6
3858
5787
1998
29.5
20.6
28.3
24.1
3000
126. 9
110
128
11.3
119
1.164
.0427
44.3
3748
5622
1999
28.9
19.8
28.4
23.6
3000
126. 9
121
136
10.7
122
1.124
.0453
43.4
3668
5502
2000
28.9
19.7
28.2
23.5
3000
126. 9
121
136
10.7
122
1.124
.0453
43.4
3671
5507
2007
27.4
18.3
25.7
21.9
3736
142.8
152
171
10.7
127
1.124
.0459
51.2
3922
7310
2008
27.7
18.5
26.1
22.1
3750
142.8
153
172
10.7
127
1.124
.0459
51.9
3958
7411
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-99
September 2008
-------
Table P-50 (Continued)
Percent of HK Wagons:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL
1996
100. 0
10.7
89.3
100. 0
1997
100. 0
18.3
81.7
100. 0
1998
100. 0
15.4
84.6
100. 0
1999
100. 0
15.5
84.5
100. 0
2000
100. 0
9.2
90. 8
100. 0
2007
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
2008
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-100
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
VEHICLE SIZE
WT HYBRID SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100.0
100.0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
September 2008
-------
Table P-51 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 HK Marketing Group's Cars and Wagons
YEAR < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPEED CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1986 34.9
1987 34.5
1988 34.3
1989 33.1
1990 33.1
1991 32.7
1992 31.2
1993 31.1
1994 32.7
1995 30.9
1996 31.7
1997 30.9
1998 30.6
1999 30.5
2000 29.9
2001 30.7
2002 30.3
2003 30.1
2004 29.1
2005 29.9
2006 30.6
2007 32.4
2008 31.5
27.9 31.6
27.5 30.9
27.2 30.5
25.2 31.3
25.2 30.7
24.7 30.4
23.1 29.4
23.0 28.9
23.8 30.8
22.1 29.5
22.4 30.4
21.8 29.6
21.4 29.2
21.0 29.5
20.4 29.0
21.0 29.2
20.6 28.6
20.2 28.4
19.4 27.6
19.8 28.0
20.2 29.0
21.4 30.1
20.8 29.4
29.5 2500
29.0 2500
28.7 2500
27.7 2580
27.6 2636
27.2 2628
25.8 2768
25.6 2786
26.9 2672
25.4 2805
25.9 2728
25.3 2800
24.9 2803
24.8 2888
24.3 2946
24.8 2965
24.4 3066
24.1 3114
23.3 3251
23.8 3198
24.4 3394
25.6 3321
25.0 3428
94.2 90
94.2 90
94.2 90
97.4 99
99.1 103
99.1 102
100.0 101
101.0 105
99.4 98
103.5 109
105.4 104
104.9 109
105.1 109
106.3 115
106.2 117
105.9 118
107.9 122
106.8 126
109.8 138
111.0 135
115.1 151
116.2 142
117.5 153
68 15.9
68 16.0
68 16.0
75 15.5
89 13.6
89 13.7
98 13.2
104 12.7
97 13.0
110 12.1
112 11.8
117 11.5
118 11.5
126 11.2
128 11.2
127 11.3
130 11.5
135 11.2
144 11.1
142 11.0
171 10.2
161 10.5
173 10.2
99 .756
99 .756
99 .756
101 .758
106 .873
106 .878
109 .980
111 .989
110 .982
114 1.024
115 1.068
117 1.080
117 1.088
119 1.091
120 1.099
119 1.081
119 1.070
120 1.078
122 1.052
122 1.063
130 1.126
127 1.129
130 1.128
.0272 43.7
.0272 43.2
.0272 43.0
.0287 42.9
.0335 43.8
.0335 43.2
.0352 43.2
.0369 43.4
.0360 43.9
.0391 43.6
.0407 43.4
.0418 43.5
.0420 43.0
.0433 44.1
.0434 44.1
.0426 45.5
.0420 46.6
.0432 46.9
.0440 47.4
.0443 47.8
.0494 51.9
.0477 53.8
.0497 54.0
3296
4120
3259
4073
3240
4050
3239
4170
3310
4335
3277
4279
3152
4327
3172
4383
3284
4364
3248
4509
3369
4574
3274
4558
3241
4518
3254
4694
3190
4685
3276
4832
3302
5028
3241
5011
3234
5210
3354
5311
3559
5996
3799
6258
3734
6345
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-101
September 2008
-------
Table P-51 (Continued)
Percent of HK Cars and Wagons:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL
1986
100. 0
74. 6
1987
100. 0
63.3
36.7
1988
100. 0
59.5
40.5
1989
100. 0
47.1
52.9
16.0
1990
100. 0
42.1
51.9
100. 0
1991
100. 0
40.0
52.4
100. 0
1992
100. 0
37.3
54.5
100. 0
1993
100. 0
33.1
60. 0
100. 0
1994
100. 0
41.2
57.9
100. 0
1995
100. 0
30.6
69. 4
100. 0
1996
100. 0
28.8
71.2
100. 0
1997
100. 0
29.5
70.5
100. 0
1998
100. 0
22.7
77.3
100. 0
1999
100. 0
25.0
75.0
100. 0
2000
100. 0
20.8
79.2
100. 0
2001
100. 0
22. 6
77. 4
100. 0
2002
100. 0
17.3
82.7
100. 0
2003
100. 0
17.3
82.7
100. 0
2004
100. 0
12.5
87.5
100. 0
2005
100. 0
12.3
87.7
100. 0
2006
100. 0
8.3
91.7
100. 0
2007
100. 0
7.4
92. 6
100. 0
2008
100. 0
7.9
92.1
100. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-102
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
84.0
16.0
100. 0
78.9
21.1
97. 4
2.6
81.9
18.1
76.0
24.0
85.8
14.2
48.1
44.3
7.6
85. 6
14.4
1.6
98.4
98.4
1.6
8.8
36.6
54.5
79.9
20.1
1.8
40.3
58.0
91.3
8.7
3.7
23.3
73. 0
3.2
87.7
12.3
2.4
23.3
74.3
4.7
88.0
12.0
20.3
79.7
36.1
86.9
13.1
16.7
83.3
40.3
85.7
14.3
4.1
95.9
30.0
78.7
21.3
3.8
96.2
25 .5
72.9
27.1
100. 0
31.3
75.5
24.5
100. 0
38 . 6
47.1
48.7
4.2
100. 0
50.6
21.4
73.3
5.3
100. 0
92 .2
15.1
44.5
40.4
100. 0
40.4
19.9
46.9
33.3
100. 0
23.8
15.2
48.9
35.9
September 2008
-------
Table P-52 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 HK Marketing Group's Vans
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
TOP
HP/
HP/
TON-
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
SPEED
CID
WT
MPG
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
2002
20.0
14.0
18.7
16.2
5000
213
193
12.2
122
. 906
. 0386
50.0
2003
20.0
13. 9
18. 6
16.2
5000
213
193
12.2
122
. 906
. 0386
50.0
2004
21.1
14.1
20.8
17.3
5000
213
195
12.1
123
. 915
. 0390
52.9
2005
21.3
14.2
20.7
17.3
5000
213
195
12.1
123
. 915
. 0390
53.3
2006
23.8
15.9
22.7
19.2
4500
231
244
9.3
142
1. 056
. 0542
53.5
2007
23.8
15.9
22.7
19.2
4500
231
244
9.3
142
1. 056
. 0542
53.5
2008
23.8
15.9
22.7
19.2
4500
231
244
9.3
142
1. 056
. 0542
53.5
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-103
September 2008
-------
Table P-52 (Continued)
Percent of HK Vans:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL
2002
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
2003
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
2004
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
2005
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
2006
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
2007
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
2008
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-104
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
VEHICLE SIZE
WT HYBRID SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
September 2008
-------
Table P-53 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 HK Marketing Group's SUVs
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1995
24.3
18.1
22.1
20.0
3500
122
110
14.5
1996
23.4
17.5
20.9
19.1
3500
122
130
12.5
1997
23.7
17.7
21.0
19.3
3500
122
130
12. 6
1998
24.4
17. 9
21.7
19.7
3500
122
130
12. 6
1999
24.4
17. 8
21.6
19.7
3500
122
130
12. 6
2000
23.5
17.2
20.5
18.8
3500
122
130
12. 6
2001
23.8
17. 0
21.5
19.2
3734
139
146
12.2
2002
24.0
16.9
21.9
19.3
3819
146
154
11.9
2003
22 . 6
15.7
20.8
18.2
4152
182
177
11.4
2004
22.9
15.8
20.9
18.3
4133
185
179
11.3
2005
23.4
15.9
21.6
18.8
4086
178
177
11.2
2006
23.6
16.1
21.7
18.9
4098
174
175
11.3
2007
25 .2
17.2
22.8
20.0
4078
178
204
10.2
2008
24.8
16.8
22.9
19.8
4195
187
213
10.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
HP/
HP/
TON-
CID
WT
MPG
899
. 0313
42.7
066
. 0371
41.0
066
. 0371
41.6
066
. 0371
42.7
066
. 0371
42.7
066
. 0371
41.1
054
. 0390
44.8
057
. 0403
46.0
985
. 0427
47.4
975
. 0433
47.7
013
. 0434
48.1
022
. 0427
48.6
145
. 0496
51.3
139
. 0505
52.0
September 2008
TOP
SPEED
107
115 1
115 1
115 1
115 1
115 1
118 1
120 1
124
125
125 1
124 1
133 1
135 1
P-105
-------
Table P-53 (Continued)
Percent of HK SUVs:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN
YEAR FRONT 4WD
1995
3.0
97. 0
1996
78.7
1997
61.2
1998
68.9
1999
65.9
2000
51.4
2001
25.7
49.1
2002
35.8
45.4
2003
35.2
50.8
2004
46.5
40.9
2005
52.4
33.3
2006
54.5
27.7
2007
61.5
30.9
2008
47.8
38.0
TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL
Ch
M
CO
38.2
100. 0
44.0
56.0
100. 0
35.9
64.1
100. 0
28.0
72.0
100. 0
24.9
75.1
100. 0
21.9
78.1
100. 0
12.0
88.0
100. 0
9.2
90. 8
100. 0
2.2
97. 8
100. 0
4.1
95.9
100. 0
4.2
95.8
100. 0
5.7
94.3
100. 0
2.9
97.1
100. 0
3.3
96.7
100. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-106
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
49.5 50.5
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
VEHICLE SIZE
WT HYBRID SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
48.6 51.4
25.2 74.8
18.8 81.2
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
5.8 100.0
14.7 94.9 5.1
29.1 88.0 12.0
September 2008
-------
Table P-54 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 HK Marketing Group's Pickups
YEAR < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON-
LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPEED CID WT MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-107
September 2008
-------
Table P-54 (Continued)
Percent of HK Pickups:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI DSL
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-108
NUMBER OF VALVES VEHICIiE SIZE
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID SMALL MID LARGE
September 2008
-------
Table P-55 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 HK Marketing Group's Trucks
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1995
24.3
18.1
22.1
20.0
3500
122
110
14.5
1996
23.4
17.5
20.9
19.1
3500
122
130
12.5
1997
23.7
17.7
21.0
19.3
3500
122
130
12. 6
1998
24.4
17. 9
21.7
19.7
3500
122
130
12. 6
1999
24.4
17. 8
21.6
19.7
3500
122
130
12. 6
2000
23.5
17.2
20.5
18.8
3500
122
130
12. 6
2001
23.8
17. 0
21.5
19.2
3734
139
146
12.2
2002
22.8
16.0
20.9
18.3
4147
165
165
12.0
2003
21.9
15.2
20.2
17. 6
4378
190
181
11.6
2004
22 .5
15.4
20.9
18.1
4333
191
183
11.5
2005
22.8
15.5
21.4
18.4
4325
187
182
11.4
2006
23.6
16.0
21.9
18.9
4186
187
190
10.9
2007
24.9
16.9
22.8
19.8
4161
188
212
10.0
2008
24 . 6
16.6
22.8
19.7
4257
196
220
9.9
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
HP/
HP/
TON-
CID
WT
MPG
899
. 0313
42.7
066
. 0371
41.0
066
. 0371
41.6
066
. 0371
42.7
066
. 0371
42.7
066
. 0371
41.1
054
. 0390
44.8
015
. 0398
47.1
964
. 0416
48.1
961
. 0423
48.9
988
. 0423
49.5
029
. 0452
49.7
128
. 0505
51.7
122
. 0513
52.3
September 2008
TOP
SPEED
107
115 1
115 1
115 1
115 1
115 1
118 1
121 1
124
125
125
128 1
135 1
137 1
P-109
-------
Table P-55 (Continued)
Percent of HK Trucks
MODEL DRIVETRAIN
YEAR FRONT 4WD
1995
3.0
97. 0
1996
78.7
1997
61.2
1998
68.9
1999
65.9
2000
51.4
2001
25.7
49.1
2002
53.6
32.8
2003
52.5
37.3
2004
58.8
31.5
2005
64.8
24.6
2006
64.4
21.6
2007
69.1
24.8
2008
58.5
30.2
TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL
Ch
M
CO
38.2
100. 0
44.0
56.0
100. 0
35.9
64.1
100. 0
28.0
72.0
100. 0
24.9
75.1
100. 0
21.9
78.1
100. 0
12.0
88.0
100. 0
6.7
93.3
100. 0
1.6
98.4
100. 0
3.2
96.8
100. 0
3.1
96.9
100. 0
4.4
95. 6
100. 0
2.3
97.7
100. 0
2.6
97. 4
100. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-110
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
49.5 50.5
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
VEHICLE SIZE
WT HYBRID SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
48.6 51.4
25.2 74.8
13.6 86.4
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
4.5 100.0
11.8 95.9 4.1
23.1 90.4 9.6
September 2008
-------
Table P-56 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 HK Marketing Group's All
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1986
34.9
27.9
31.6
29.5
2500
90
68
15.9
1987
34 .5
27.5
30.9
29.0
2500
90
68
16.0
1988
34 .3
27.2
30.5
28.7
2500
90
68
16.0
1989
33.1
25.2
31.3
27.7
2580
99
75
15.5
1990
33.1
25.2
30.7
27.6
2636
103
89
13. 6
1991
32 .7
24.7
30.4
27.2
2628
102
89
13.7
1992
31.2
23.1
29.4
25.8
2768
101
98
13.2
1993
31.1
23.0
28.9
25. 6
2786
105
104
12.7
1994
32 .7
23.8
30.8
26.9
2672
98
97
13. 0
1995
30.4
21.8
28.9
24.9
2847
110
110
12.3
1996
30.9
22.0
29.5
25.3
2783
106
113
11.8
1997
29.7
21.1
28.0
24.2
2896
111
119
11.7
1998
29.4
20.8
27.6
23.9
2917
111
120
11.7
1999
29.3
20.4
27.8
23.8
2992
116
127
11.4
2000
28.7
19.8
27.2
23.2
3034
117
129
11.4
2001
29.0
20.0
27.2
23.4
3120
122
131
11.5
2002
27.8
19.0
26.0
22.3
3366
134
140
11.6
2003
27.0
18.4
25.3
21.7
3494
146
149
11.3
2004
26.5
17. 8
24.9
21.3
3612
156
157
11.2
2005
26.6
17. 8
24.9
21.2
3654
156
158
11.2
2006
28.0
18. 6
26.3
22.3
3649
163
177
10.4
2007
28.8
19.3
26.6
22.9
3663
161
182
10.3
2008
28.4
18.9
26.5
22. 6
3750
170
191
10.1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
HP/
HP/
TON-
CID
WT
MPG
756
. 0272
43.7
756
. 0272
43.2
756
. 0272
43.0
758
. 0287
42.9
873
. 0335
43.8
878
. 0335
43.2
980
. 0352
43.2
989
. 0369
43.4
982
. 0360
43.9
016
. 0387
43.6
067
. 0405
43.2
078
. 0411
43.2
084
. 0412
43.0
086
. 0423
43.8
094
. 0424
43.6
076
. 0419
45.4
055
. 0414
46.7
043
. 0427
47.3
022
. 0434
47.9
033
. 0434
48.5
095
. 0481
51.2
128
. 0488
53.0
126
. 0503
53.3
September 2008
TOP
SPEED
99
99
99
101
106
106
109
111
110
113 1
115 1
117 1
117 1
118 1
119 1
119 1
119 1
121 1
123 1
123 1
129 1
130 1
133 1
P-lll
-------
Table P-56 (Continued)
Percent of HK All:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN
YEAR FRONT 4WD
1986
100. 0
1987
100. 0
1988
100. 0
1989
100. 0
1990
100. 0
1991
100. 0
1992
100. 0
1993
100. 0
1994
100. 0
1995
94.1
5.9
1996
92.8
5.7
1997
86.2
8.4
1998
83.7
11.2
1999
83.0
11.2
2000
84.1
8.2
2001
85.0
9.9
2002
87.1
9.1
2003
85.7
11.2
2004
86.3
10.5
2005
85.8
9.9
2006
88.6
7.0
2007
87.4
10.1
2008
83.9
11.7
TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL
74. 6
63.3
36.7
59.5
40.5
47.1
52.9
16.0
42.1
51.9
100. 0
40.0
52.4
100. 0
37.3
54.5
100. 0
33.1
60. 0
100. 0
41.2
57.9
100. 0
32.5
67.5
100. 0
29.9
70.1
100. 0
30.4
69. 6
100. 0
23.5
76.5
100. 0
25.0
75.0
100. 0
21.0
79.0
100. 0
20.5
79.5
100. 0
14.3
85.7
100. 0
12. 6
87.4
100. 0
9.4
90. 6
100. 0
8.6
91. 4
100. 0
7.1
92.9
100. 0
5.3
94.7
100. 0
5.9
94.1
100. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-112
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
11.3
34.4
54.3
1.6
37. 4
61. 0
3.2
20.1
76.7
2.0
19.5
78.5
16.8
83.2
14.0
86.0
3.2
96.8
2.8
97.2
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
VEHICLE SIZE
WT HYBRID SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
84.0
16.0
78.9
21.1
81.9
18.1
85.8
14.2
85. 6
14.4
98.4
1.6
75.1
24.9
84.7
15.3
2.7
75. 6
24.4
4.0
73. 6
26.4
29.9
89.1
10.9
33.9
79.8
20.2
24.0
67. 9
32.1
18.4
56.4
43.6
21.9
52.7
47.3
25.8
31.4
65.8
2.8
30.1
12.8
84.1
3.2
64.0
10.2
62.4
27.4
28.8
11.8
66.8
21.4
23.5
9.3
65.0
25.7
September 2008
-------
Table P-57 Characteristics of 1975
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
VOL
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CU-FT
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1975
26.4
19.9
26.8
22.5
2353
1976
27.5
21.4
26.6
23.4
2336
1977
28.8
22.0
28.8
24.6
2348
91.1
1978
27.2
20.9
26.9
23.2
2406
92.0
1979
28 . 6
22.0
28.2
24.4
2388
92. 6
1980
30.8
23.7
30.5
26.3
2379
88.9
1981
34.1
26.2
33.5
29.1
2400
89.5
1982
32.9
25.7
31.5
28.1
2470
91.7
1983
30.0
23.3
29.1
25. 6
2521
91.5
1984
28.5
22.2
27.5
24.3
2621
95. 6
1985
29.6
23.0
28.6
25.2
2674
101.1
1986
29.1
22.4
28.1
24.7
2681
100.5
1987
28.4
21.9
27.0
24.0
2726
97. 6
1988
29.6
22. 6
28.3
25.0
2701
94.4
1989
29.6
22.4
28.2
24.8
2744
96.4
1990
28.4
21.3
27.4
23.8
2912
98. 6
1991
29.1
21.4
28.4
24.3
2921
100. 6
1992
28.8
21.0
28.1
24.0
2960
101. 6
1993
26.7
19.2
26.5
22.3
3101
97.7
1994
27.9
20.0
27.2
23.1
3088
101. 4
1995
28.3
20.3
27.3
23.3
3107
100. 4
1996
27.9
19.7
27.2
22.9
3136
101. 6
1997
28.3
19.9
27.3
23.2
3128
99.5
1998
28.5
19.9
27.6
23.3
3185
100.2
1999
28.0
19.4
27.1
22.9
3227
99. 6
2000
28.5
19.7
26.9
23.0
3227
99.1
2001
28.2
19.3
26.7
22.8
3276
98.2
2002
28.8
19.6
27.2
23.2
3366
98.4
2003
29.2
19.7
27.4
23.4
3401
100.1
2004
28.3
19.0
26.7
22.7
3498
99.5
2005
28.3
18.8
26.8
22.7
3582
99. 8
2006
29.6
19.6
27.9
23.6
3621
101. 8
2007
28.3
18.7
27.0
22.7
3660
100.7
2008
28.2
18. 6
26.8
22. 6
3667
99. 6
Marketing Group's Cars
0-60
TOP
HP/
HP/
TON
CU-FT
CU-FT-
TIME
SPEED
CID
WT
-MPG
-MPG
TON-MP<
15 .5
100
.716
.0292
31.1
14.4
103
.739
.0317
32 .2
14.4
103
.744
.0316
34 . 6
2739
3171
14.8
103
.764
.0310
34.0
2657
3130
15 .3
102
.735
.0301
35.8
2840
3328
15.4
101
.704
.0297
38 . 6
2924
3434
15 .7
100
. 645
.0286
43.1
3264
3856
15 .2
102
. 677
.0300
42.9
3234
3931
13.4
108
.757
.0355
39.1
2901
3585
13.5
108
.770
.0351
38 . 6
2852
3668
13.1
110
.806
.0364
40.8
3131
4121
12 . 6
113
.855
.0386
39.8
3034
4004
12 .2
114
.895
.0399
39.1
2859
3824
12 .3
113
.893
.0391
40.3
2839
3816
12 .5
113
.896
.0387
41.0
2921
3982
12.1
116
.966
.0400
41.7
2865
4122
12.8
113
.922
.0379
43.1
3020
4355
12 .3
115
.942
.0396
42.8
2973
4360
11.4
121
.944
.0436
41.5
2653
4071
11.5
119
.979
.0423
43.2
2870
4391
11.3
121
.985
.0437
44.2
2896
4452
11.5
120
.978
.0429
44.2
2890
4510
11.3
121
1.009
.0440
44.8
2882
4487
11.3
121
1.052
.0437
46.4
2944
4669
11.1
123
1.087
.0450
45.8
2852
4588
11.0
124
1.116
.0459
46.8
2908
4661
10.6
128
1.201
.0485
47.0
2849
4629
10.7
128
1.2 63
.0484
49.5
2939
4895
10.7
128
1.2 67
.0479
50.4
3000
5061
10.6
131
1.286
.0496
50.3
2905
5029
10.6
131
1.234
.0499
51.7
2928
5192
10.2
134
1.273
.0521
55.0
3129
5628
9.6
138
1.313
.0551
52 .2
2899
5277
9.0
143
1.363
.0589
52.1
2858
5208
to 2008 VW
ENGINE
CID HP
96 69
100 74
99 74
98 75
98 73
100 71
106 70
109 75
118 91
119 93
121 99
121 105
121 110
118 107
118 107
121 118
120 113
124 119
144 139
133 132
137 137
137 136
136 139
133 141
134 147
134 150
134 161
131 165
131 165
137 177
147 183
150 191
156 204
161 219
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-113
September 2008
-------
Table P-57 (Continued)
Percent of VW Cars:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
1975
70.0
78.9
51.8
1976
79.0
73.3
35. 6
1977
88.5
80.9
63.7
6
1978
89.7
74. 6
85.9
13
1979
90.3
79.4
77.7
22
1980
95.7
83.2
63.1
33
1981
97.3
84.6
54.3
45
1982
95.3
78. 6
68.2
28
1983
86.2
. 4
78.2
83.3
12
1984
90. 0
1.1
66.7
85.9
10
1985
90. 8
1.5
65.3
90. 9
9
1986
88.0
2.5
65.4
94.8
5
1987
85.0
3.3
70.5
100. 0
1988
88.8
3.1
74.8
100. 0
1989
92.2
1.5
71.5
97.5
2
1990
93.1
2.1
61.1
9.1
98.9
1
1991
92.3
2.3
59.5
16.8
95.7
4
1992
94.9
1.5
59.7
18.9
98.8
1
1993
83.9
11.7
59.8
38.0
100. 0
1994
86.6
9.5
54.0
45.4
100. 0
1995
89.9
4.4
63.3
35.9
100. 0
1996
87.1
10.2
55.9
40.4
97.7
2
1997
81.7
12.5
60. 8
38.0
98.0
2
1998
78.8
16.9
55.8
43.4
94.7
5
1999
79.9
13.1
40.8
57.5
97. 4
2
2000
81.1
13. 6
48.8
49.9
94.5
5
2001
75.9
19.9
47.2
51.6
95.0
5
2002
76.7
19.0
31.8
65.1
1.9
92.2
7
2003
81.1
15. 6
34.0
61. 4
3.9
94.2
5
2004
70.5
26.5
29.4
65.4
4.4
93. 9
6
2005
68.7
25.7
23.4
71.4
4.7
91. 0
9
2006
75.9
18.3
21.8
72.8
4.7
86.8
13
2007
73. 4
20.8
25.8
68. 6
5.6
100. 0
2008
68.7
25.7
25.9
69. 6
4.5
56.1 43.9
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-114
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
78.9
21.1
82.5
17.5
95.5
4.5
83.8
16.2
91.3
8.7
90.1
9.9
91. 6
8.4
96.3
3.7
92.1
7.9
92.7
7.3
82.8
17.2
81.4
18. 6
81.4
18. 6
80.0
20.0
82.0
18.0
1.4
73.2
26.8
94.2
5.8
1.8
73.1
26.9
97. 4
2.6
1.8
100. 0
98.9
1.1
5 . 6
90. 9
9.1
100. 0
. 0
4.5
90.2
9.8
90. 4
4.7
4.9
6.9
93.1
6.9
66.6
4.2
29.2
20.0
81.6
18.4
58.7
7.5
33.7
25.0
74.7
25.3
58.5
5.5
36.0
14 . 6
81.6
18.2
.2
45.1
5.3
49.5
26.2
80.8
18.7
. 4
39.8
7.3
52.9
12 .5
78.8
21.0
.2
37. 0
8.8
54.2
15 .3
77.2
22.7
.2
35.8
8.4
55.8
17.6
76.8
19.8
3.4
30.1
36.7
33.3
19.7
81.9
16.3
1.9
14.2
79.9
5.9
46.5
74.5
24.3
1.2
99.3
.7
15.9
84.8
14.1
1.1
99.2
. 8
25 . 6
81.7
17.5
. 8
September 2008
-------
Table P-58 Characteristics of 1975
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
VOL
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CU-FT
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1975
27.2
20.6
27.6
23.3
2500
1976
27.9
21.7
26.9
23.8
2500
1977
28.7
22.0
28.6
24.5
2500
120. 6
1978
25 .7
19.6
25.7
22.0
2500
123. 0
1979
25.0
19.9
23.3
21.3
2500
122.9
1980
40.1
31.9
37.2
34.1
2500
106.2
1981
40.6
32.4
37. 4
34.5
2500
106.2
1982
29.8
23.6
27.9
25.4
2750
127. 0
1983
30.6
24.3
28.7
26.1
2806
127. 0
1984
24.8
19.3
24.0
21.2
3122
131.3
1985
25.9
20.2
24.9
22.1
3066
131. 9
1986
22.8
17.5
22.4
19.4
3245
132.4
1987
26.7
20.7
25.1
22.5
2847
121.7
1988
31.0
24.1
28.6
26.0
2553
112.5
1989
29.3
22.5
27.4
24.6
2766
115.7
1990
28.3
20.8
28.2
23.8
3176
125. 6
1991
26.9
19.3
27.8
22. 6
3386
133.1
1992
26.7
19.0
27.3
22.4
3359
132.0
1993
23.7
17. 0
23.7
19.8
3634
131.1
1994
23.6
17.1
22.9
19.6
3790
127.3
1995
23.7
17.1
22.9
19.6
3702
131.5
1996
27.6
19.7
26.3
22. 6
3711
131.3
1997
24 . 6
17.5
23.4
20.2
3793
129. 6
1998
25.9
17.7
26.0
21.3
3739
126.5
1999
26.5
17. 9
27.0
21.8
3675
133. 6
2000
25.0
17. 0
24.9
20.5
3612
134.7
2001
24.2
16.5
23.4
19.7
3882
131. 8
2002
27.7
18.7
26.7
22.4
3695
129. 9
2003
28.4
19.1
27.0
22.8
3757
130.5
2004
27.6
18.5
26.2
22.2
3822
130. 9
2005
29.2
19.3
27.5
23.3
3882
130.2
2006
29.6
19.8
27.4
23.5
3753
114.1
2007
29.5
19.6
27.6
23.5
3899
124.0
2008
29.5
19.6
27.7
23.5
3709
121. 4
Marketing Group's Wagons
0-60
TOP
HP/
HP/
TON
CU-FT
CU-FT-
TIME
SPEED
CID
WT
-MPG
-MPG
TON-MP<
15 . 6
100
.792
.0282
34.1
14.4
103
.805
.0312
34.9
15.0
102
.771
.0297
36.4
3517
4396
14.4
103
.801
.0311
32.4
3187
3984
14 .5
103
.804
.0312
31.3
3077
3847
20.4
90
.545
.0197
50.5
4293
5366
19.5
91
.536
.0208
50.7
4307
5384
16.2
99
.705
.0268
41.8
3865
5314
15.9
100
.717
.0277
45 .2
4112
5737
14.9
104
.752
.0302
40.4
3443
5297
14 .2
106
.809
.0319
39.9
3474
5266
13.1
111
.845
.0356
37.1
3026
4921
13.0
110
.814
.0353
38.4
3298
4652
13.7
105
.755
.0328
39. 6
3501
4457
13.5
107
.804
.0337
40.4
3419
4682
12.8
112
.985
.0364
44.7
3558
5649
11.5
120
1.157
.0420
45 .5
3592
6058
11.5
120
1.093
.0419
44.7
3546
5905
10.4
128
1.013
.0475
43.1
3116
5644
10.7
127
1.015
.0456
44.7
3007
5687
10.3
129
1.084
.0481
43.9
3122
5759
12 .2
120
.954
.0406
55.0
3961
7252
10.9
126
1.008
.0449
47.0
3223
6084
10.6
127
1.180
.0464
48.5
3310
6146
10.8
126
1.303
.0454
48.9
3575
6531
9.8
134
1.228
.0517
45.4
3397
6116
10.3
131
1.278
.0487
47.2
3232
6214
11.0
127
1.2 63
.0460
52.1
3682
6756
11.2
126
1.285
.0452
55 . 6
3887
7209
10.9
128
1.331
.0465
54.2
3747
7074
11.6
125
1.282
.0439
59.1
4005
7673
9.0
141
1.590
.0568
55.8
3400
6366
9.2
140
1.575
.0553
57.9
3685
7192
9.5
136
1.413
.0533
54.9
3597
6664
to 2008 VW
ENGINE
CID HP
89 70
97 78
96 74
97 78
97 78
90 49
97 52
105 74
108 78
125 94
121 98
136 115
124 102
111 84
116 94
118 117
123 142
129 140
170 172
169 172
166 178
156 151
168 170
150 173
131 168
154 187
150 191
138 171
135 172
137 180
135 173
136 213
140 216
143 198
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-115
September 2008
-------
Table P-58 (Continued)
Percent of VW Wagons:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
1975
100. 0
49.4
1976
100. 0
42.0
100. 0
1977
100. 0
77. 9
89.0
11
1978
100. 0
54.3
100. 0
1979
100. 0
100. 0
1980
100. 0
97.5
4.9
95
1981
100. 0
100. 0
100
1982
100. 0
57.3
94.3
5
1983
100. 0
47.4
68.0
32
1984
100. 0
35.9
82.1
17
1985
97. 8
2.2
34.0
100. 0
1986
65.7
34.3
49.1
100. 0
1987
78.5
21.5
76.0
100. 0
1988
97. 0
3.0
96.6
100. 0
1989
91.3
8.7
87.1
100. 0
1990
95.4
4.6
39.6
60. 4
100. 0
1991
89.8
10.2
43.1
56.9
100. 0
1992
84.1
15.9
44.2
55.8
100. 0
1993
73.3
26.7
28.7
71.3
100. 0
1994
42.1
57.9
20.9
79.1
100. 0
1995
67.2
32.8
33. 9
66.1
100. 0
1996
62.2
37. 8
39.6
60. 4
75.2
24
1997
42.2
57.8
20.1
79.9
97. 8
2
1998
40.8
59.2
23.1
76.9
100. 0
1999
52.5
47.5
21.4
78. 6
100. 0
2000
71.2
28.8
17. 4
82. 6
100. 0
2001
38.4
61. 6
18.3
81.7
100. 0
2002
73. 0
27.0
20.3
79.7
94.9
5
2003
68. 6
31.4
23.3
75.4
87.1
12
2004
59.7
40.3
21.2
78.8
88.0
12
2005
58.0
42.0
18.7
81.3
66.5
33
2006
64.3
35.7
25.9
74.1
100. 0
2007
71.3
28.7
8.9
91.1
100. 0
2008
79.7
20.3
18.9
81.1
82.9 17.1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-116
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICIiE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
39.2 60.8
100. 0
15.9 84.1
100. 0
100. 0
89.2 10.8
100. 0
100. 0
22.9 77.1
100. 0
100. 0
13.3 86.7
28.2 .8 71.1
25.2 1.5 73.3
22.9 .4 76.7
37.9 4.8 57.3
98.0 2.0
98.9 1.1
99.1 .9
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
66.7 33.3
58.6 41.4
51.0 49.0
83.3 16.7
96.6 3.4
77.7 22.3
34.6 65.4
100. 0
15.9 84.1
26.7 73.3
57.9 42.1
40.5 59.5
42.2 57.8
58.6 41.4
45.1 68.0 32.0
36.5 15.9 84.1
74.7 8.4 91.6
46.6 25.3 74.7
25.6 41.4 58.6
20.8 37.7 62.3
16.4 33.5 66.5
27.7 37.5 62.5
81.9 85.2 14.8
15.8 41.1 58.9
13.3 73.7 26.3
September 2008
-------
Table P-59 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 VW Marketing Group's Cars and Wagons
YEAR < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPEED CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975 26.5
1976 27.5
1977 28.8
1978 27.2
1979 28.6
1980 31.2
1981 34.2
1982 32.8
1983 30.0
1984 28.4
1985 29.5
1986 29.0
1987 28.4
1988 29.7
1989 29.6
1990 28.4
1991 29.1
1992 28.7
1993 26.6
1994 27.8
1995 28.2
1996 27.8
1997 28.1
1998 28.4
1999 27.9
2000 28.2
2001 27.8
2002 28.7
2003 29.1
2004 28.2
2005 28.4
2006 29.6
2007 28.4
2008 28.3
20.0 26.9
21.4 26.6
22.0 28.8
20.9 26.8
22.0 28.1
24.0 30.7
26.4 33.6
25.7 31.4
23.3 29.1
22.1 27.4
22.9 28.5
22.3 28.0
21.9 27.0
22.7 28.3
22.4 28.2
21.2 27.4
21.4 28.4
20.9 28.1
19.1 26.4
20.0 27.1
20.2 27.2
19.7 27.2
19.8 27.2
19.8 27.6
19.3 27.1
19.5 26.8
19.1 26.4
19.5 27.2
19.7 27.3
18.9 26.6
18.8 26.9
19.6 27.9
18.8 27.0
18.7 26.9
22.6 2371
23.4 2343
24.6 2358
23.2 2410
24.4 2389
26.6 2385
29.2 2403
28.0 2478
25.6 2526
24.2 2631
25.1 2684
24.6 2689
24.0 2730
25.0 2689
24.8 2744
23.8 2922
24.3 2935
23.9 2974
22.2 3122
23.0 3103
23.2 3124
22.9 3156
23.1 3147
23.2 3203
22.8 3253
22.9 3252
22.5 3324
23.1 3395
23.3 3442
22.6 3534
22.7 3607
23.6 3627
22.8 3679
22.6 3671
95
100
93.0 99
93.4 98
92.7 98
89.8 99
90.0 106
92.7 109
92.1 118
96.3 119
101.9 121
101.0 121
98.3 121
95.8 118
96.9 118
99.6 121
101.6 120
102.6 124
99.1 145
101.9 134
101.3 138
102.6 137
100.3 137
101.1 133
101.6 134
101.5 135
100.9 135
101.2 132
103.7 131
103.0 137
102.4 146
102.3 150
102.5 155
101.5 159
69 15.5
75 14.4
74 14.5
76 14.8
73 15.3
70 15.7
69 15.8
75 15.2
91 13.4
93 13.5
99 13.1
105 12.6
110 12.3
105 12.4
107 12.6
118 12.2
114 12.8
120 12.3
140 11.4
133 11.5
138 11.3
136 11.5
140 11.3
142 11.3
148 11.1
153 10.9
163 10.6
165 10.7
166 10.8
177 10.6
182 10.6
192 10.2
205 9.6
217 9.1
100 .726
103 .742
103 .746
103 .765
102 .735
100 .697
100 .642
102 .678
108 .756
108 .769
110 .806
113 .855
114 .893
113 .883
113 .894
115 .966
113 .929
115 .948
121 .947
119 .980
121 .988
120 .978
122 1.009
122 1.056
123 1.099
125 1.123
128 1.207
128 1.263
128 1.269
130 1.291
131 1.238
135 1.287
138 1.334
143 1.367
.0290 31.5
.0317 32.3
.0315 34.7
.0310 33.9
.0301 35.8
.0292 39.2
.0284 43.4
.0299 42.9
.0354 39.2
.0350 38.6
.0363 40.7
.0386 39.8
.0398 39.1
.0386 40.2
.0385 41.0
.0399 41.8
.0381 43.2
.0396 42.9
.0438 41.6
.0423 43.3
.0438 44.2
.0429 44.6
.0440 44.9
.0438 46.4
.0450 46.0
.0463 46.7
.0485 47.0
.0482 49.7
.0476 51.0
.0493 50.7
.0494 52.3
.0523 55.0
.0551 52.7
.0584 52.3
2790
3251
2681
3168
2840
3329
2992
3530
3293
3898
3252
3971
2923
3624
2863
3700
3140
4151
3034
4018
2871
3847
2892
3867
2933
4000
2890
4178
3037
4407
2994
4415
2671
4133
2873
4419
2903
4490
2927
4605
2892
4533
2956
4719
2894
4702
2940
4757
2879
4754
3005
5062
3103
5309
2998
5255
3018
5399
3141
5660
2962
5430
2924
5339
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-117
September 2008
-------
Table P-59 (Continued)
Percent of VW Cars and Wagons:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
1975
73.7
75.3
45.5
1976
79.9
71.9
38.4
1977
89.2
80.7
65.3
6
1978
90.2
73.7
86.5
12
1979
90. 4
79.2
77.7
22
1980
96.0
84.0
60.2
36
1981
97. 4
85.1
52.8
47
1982
95.4
78.0
69. 0
28
1983
86.5
. 4
77. 6
83.0
12
1984
90.2
1.1
66.1
85.9
10
1985
91. 0
1.5
64.5
91.1
8
1986
87.7
3.0
65.2
94.9
5
1987
84.8
3.8
70.7
100. 0
1988
89.5
3.1
76.6
100. 0
1989
92.2
1.7
71.9
97. 6
2
1990
93.2
2.2
60.3
11.0
98.9
1
1991
92.3
2.5
59.0
18.1
95.8
4
1992
94.5
2.0
59.1
20.2
98.9
1
1993
83.5
12.3
58.6
39.3
100. 0
1994
85. 6
10.5
53.3
46.2
100. 0
1995
89.3
5.3
62.4
36.8
100. 0
1996
86.2
11.2
55.3
41.1
97. 0
3
1997
80.6
13. 8
59.7
39.2
98.0
2
1998
77. 6
18.3
54.7
44.5
94.9
5
1999
78.3
15.1
39.6
58.7
97.5
2
2000
80.5
14. 6
46.8
52.1
94.8
5
2001
73. 0
23.2
44.9
53.9
95.4
4
2002
76.3
19.8
30.7
66.4
1.7
92.4
7
2003
79.6
17. 4
32.8
63. 0
3.5
93.3
6
2004
69.3
28.0
28.5
66.9
3.9
93.3
6
2005
67. 8
27.1
23.0
72.2
4.3
89.0
11
2006
75.4
19.0
21.9
72.9
4.5
87.4
12
2007
73.2
21.4
24.5
70.4
5.1
100. 0
2008
69. 6
25.3
25.3
70.6
4.1
58.5 41.5
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-118
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID
95. 6
4.4
91. 6
8.4
92.3
7.7
92.3
7.7
81.3
18.7
78.9
21.1
79.7
20.3
1.4
94.4
5.6
1.7
97. 4
2.6
1.8
98. 6
1.4
5.4
100. 0
. 0
4.3
90.7
4.5
4.8
6.7
65.1
4.1
30.8
20.8
55.3
7.1
37. 6
25 . 6
54.6
5.1
40.3
18 .5
42. 6
4.9
52.4
27.8
38.7
6.7
54.5
13.7
35. 6
8.0
56.4
15.9
34.4
7.5
58.1
17.5
30.7
34.0
35.3
20.4
13. 6
80.7
5.8
48.0
99.3
.7
15.9
99.2
. 8
24.5
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
78.7
21.3
81.8
18.2
83.3
16.7
89.9
10.1
96.3
3.7
92.3
7.7
79.7
20.3
77. 6
22.4
71.2
28.8
71.3
28.7
99.1
. 9
89.4
10.6
88.5
11.5
92.1
7.9
81.2
18.8
71.2
28.8
76.8
23.1
.2
76.4
23.2
. 4
75.5
24.4
. 1
72. 6
27.3
. 1
72.0
25.0
3.0
78.2
20.1
1.7
75.0
23.9
1.1
81.3
17.7
1.0
80.9
18.3
. 8
September 2008
-------
Table P-60
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 VW Marketing Group's Vans
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1975
20.7
16.2
19.8
17. 6
3497
109
67
21.0
1976
19.9
15.1
20.1
17. 0
3500
120
67
20.9
1977
22 .2
17.2
21.5
18.9
3500
120
67
20.8
1978
20.0
15.7
19.1
17. 0
3500
120
67
20.9
1979
18 .7
14.8
17. 6
16.0
3500
120
67
20.9
1980
19.0
14.7
18. 6
16.2
3619
120
67
21.4
1981
18 .5
14. 6
17. 4
15.8
3644
120
67
21.6
1982
21.7
17.7
19.4
18.4
3668
111
61
23.4
1983
19.3
15.3
18.0
16.4
3625
119
69
21.0
1984
20.7
16.6
18.9
17. 6
3627
117
82
18.4
1985
21.3
17.2
19.2
18.1
3656
117
82
18.5
1986
19.2
15.7
17. 0
16.2
3764
129
90
17. 6
1987
18.9
15.4
16.6
15.9
3818
129
90
17. 8
1988
19.9
16.1
17. 4
16.7
3868
129
90
18.1
1989
20.8
16.9
17. 9
17. 4
4042
129
90
18.7
1990
20.8
16.7
17. 8
17.2
4020
129
90
19.0
1991
20.9
16.5
18.3
17.3
4021
129
90
18.7
1993
21.0
16.0
19.0
17. 4
4157
150
109
16.6
1994
20.1
15.1
18. 6
16.6
4260
150
109
16.8
1995
19. 6
14.8
17.5
16.1
5000
150
109
19.1
1997
18 .5
13. 4
17.5
15.3
5490
170
140
17.1
1999
19.1
13.5
18.3
15.7
4897
170
140
15. 6
2000
19.0
13.3
18.2
15. 6
5116
170
140
16.1
2001
20.7
14.8
18.7
16.7
4850
170
201
11.6
2002
20.9
14.9
18. 6
16.8
4638
170
201
11.2
2003
20.9
14.8
18.5
16.7
4564
170
201
11.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
HP/
HP/
TON-
CID
WT
MPG
615
. 0192
36.2
558
. 0191
34.9
558
. 0191
38.9
558
. 0191
35.0
558
. 0191
32.9
558
. 0186
34.4
558
. 0185
33. 8
550
. 0168
42.1
585
. 0192
35.3
701
. 0227
37.5
701
. 0225
39.0
698
. 0240
36.2
698
. 0237
36.2
698
. 0234
38. 6
698
. 0223
42.2
698
. 0224
41.9
698
. 0224
42.1
727
. 0263
43.7
727
. 0257
42.8
727
. 0218
48.9
824
. 0255
50.8
824
. 0289
46.7
824
. 0276
48.5
182
. 0418
50.0
182
. 0435
48.3
182
. 0441
47.6
September 2008
TOP
SPEED
92
92
92
92
92
91
91
89
92
97
96
99
98
98
97
97
97
103
102
98
105
108
107
126 1
128 1
128 1
P-119
-------
Table P-60 (Continued)
Percent of VW Vans:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL
1975
70.8
100. 0
1976
84.8
100. 0
1977
89.9
100. 0
1978
85.0
100. 0
1979
81.2
100. 0
1980
82.9
100. 0
1981
81.2
100. 0
1982
89.0
61.7
1983
78.9
97.7
1984
74.3
100. 0
1985
71.6
100. 0
1986
69. 8
100. 0
1987
18.1
72.0
100. 0
1988
56.0
100. 0
1989
8.5
56.3
100. 0
1990
51.7
3.1
100. 0
1991
6.8
41.8
100. 0
1993
100. 0
35.7
64.3
100. 0
1994
100. 0
48.0
52.0
100. 0
1995
100. 0
43.8
56.2
100. 0
1997
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
1999
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
2000
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
2001
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
2002
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
2003
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-120
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
VEHICLE SIZE
WT HYBRID SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
60.3 39.7
38.4 61.6
100. 0
86.2 13.8
6.4 93.6
September 2008
-------
Table P-61 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 VW Marketing Group's SUVs
YEAR < FUEL ECONOMY
LAB ADJ ADJ
55/45 CITY HWY
> WGHT ENGINE
ADJ LB CID HP
COMP
0-60 TOP HP/ HP/
TIME SPEED CID WT
2003
18.0
12.4
17.3
14.7
5500
275
367
8
0
165
1.334
. 0667
2004
18 .7
12.8
17.7
15.2
5472
238
292
9
8
145
1.221
. 0534
2005
19.1
13.1
17. 9
15.5
5382
231
292
9
5
146
1.257
. 0541
2006
19.1
13.1
17. 9
15.5
5407
236
299
9
4
148
1.264
. 0551
2007
19. 6
13. 4
18.3
15.8
5565
235
318
9
0
151
1.349
. 0571
2008
19.8
13. 4
19.0
16.1
5558
249
334
8
7
155
1.332
. 0600
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-121
TON-
MPG
49.5
51.3
51.7
52.0
54.7
55.3
September 2008
-------
Table P-61 (Continued)
Percent of VW SUVs:
MODEL
DRIVETRAIN
TRANSMISSION
FUEL
METERING
YEAR
FRONT 4WD
MANUAL LOCK CVT
GDI
PORT TBI
DSL
2003
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
2004
100. 0
100. 0
99. 0
1.0
2005
100. 0
.4 99.6
100. 0
2006
100. 0
.3 99.7
97. 8
2.2
2007
100. 0
1.0 99.0
99. 0
1.0
2008
100. 0
3.1 96.9
61. 9
36.7
1.4
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-122
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR
FIVE
VEHICIiE SIZE
WT HYBRID SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100.0
100
1.0
71.2
27.8
99.0
100
84.2
15.8
100.0
100
2.2
85.3
12.5
97.8
100
1.0
99. 0
75 .7
100
1.4
98. 6
91.4
100
September 2008
-------
Table P-62 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 VW Marketing Group's Pickups
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
TOP
HP/
HP/
TON-
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
SPEED
CID
WT
MPG
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1980
31.3
24.8
29.4
26.7
2265
94
65
15.8
99
. 685
. 0286
37. 6
1981
36.9
29.1
34.8
31.4
2318
99
59
16.9
96
.592
. 0253
43.6
1982
39.2
31.8
35.4
33.3
2310
99
58
17.1
95
.584
. 0250
46.2
1983
32.8
26.1
30.5
27.9
2516
103
67
16.3
98
. 647
. 0267
42. 6
EPA420-R-08-015 P-123 September 2008
-------
Table P-62 (Continued)
Percent of VW Pickups:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL
1980 100.0 94.0 57.3 42.7
1981 100.0 100.0 27.2 72.8
1982 100.0 100.0 23.9 76.1
1983 87.7 87.7 57.5 42.5
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-124
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
September 2008
-------
Table P-63 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 VW Marketing Group's Trucks
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1975
20.7
16.2
19.8
17. 6
3497
109
67
21.0
1976
19.9
15.1
20.1
17. 0
3500
120
67
20.9
1977
22 .2
17.2
21.5
18.9
3500
120
67
20.8
1978
20.0
15.7
19.1
17. 0
3500
120
67
20.9
1979
18 .7
14.8
17. 6
16.0
3500
120
67
20.9
1980
25 .2
19.7
24.2
21.5
2770
104
66
17. 9
1981
29.5
23.3
27.8
25.1
2652
104
61
18.1
1982
27.8
22. 6
24.9
23.6
3002
105
60
20.3
1983
20.3
16.1
19.0
17.3
3488
117
69
20.4
1984
20.7
16.6
18.9
17. 6
3627
117
82
18.4
1985
21.3
17.2
19.2
18.1
3656
117
82
18.5
1986
19.2
15.7
17. 0
16.2
3764
129
90
17. 6
1987
18.9
15.4
16.6
15.9
3818
129
90
17. 8
1988
19.9
16.1
17. 4
16.7
3868
129
90
18.1
1989
20.8
16.9
17. 9
17. 4
4042
129
90
18.7
1990
20.8
16.7
17. 8
17.2
4020
129
90
19.0
1991
20.9
16.5
18.3
17.3
4021
129
90
18.7
1993
21.0
16.0
19.0
17. 4
4157
150
109
16.6
1994
20.1
15.1
18. 6
16.6
4260
150
109
16.8
1995
19. 6
14.8
17.5
16.1
5000
150
109
19.1
1997
18 .5
13. 4
17.5
15.3
5490
170
140
17.1
1999
19.1
13.5
18.3
15.7
4897
170
140
15. 6
2000
19.0
13.3
18.2
15. 6
5116
170
140
16.1
2001
20.7
14.8
18.7
16.7
4850
170
201
11.6
2002
20.9
14.9
18. 6
16.8
4638
170
201
11.2
2003
20.2
14.2
18.3
16.2
4766
193
237
10.4
2004
18 .7
12.8
17.7
15.2
5472
238
292
9.8
2005
19.1
13.1
17. 9
15.5
5382
231
292
9.5
2006
19.1
13.1
17. 9
15.5
5407
236
299
9.4
2007
19. 6
13. 4
18.3
15.8
5565
235
318
9.0
2008
19.8
13. 4
19.0
16.1
5558
249
334
8.7
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
HP/
HP/
TON-
CID
WT
MPG
615
. 0192
36.2
558
. 0191
34.9
558
. 0191
38.9
558
. 0191
35.0
558
. 0191
32.9
638
. 0249
36.4
584
. 0236
41.2
567
. 0208
44.1
592
. 0201
36.2
701
. 0227
37.5
701
. 0225
39.0
698
. 0240
36.2
698
. 0237
36.2
698
. 0234
38. 6
698
. 0223
42.2
698
. 0224
41.9
698
. 0224
42.1
727
. 0263
43.7
727
. 0257
42.8
727
. 0218
48.9
824
. 0255
50.8
824
. 0289
46.7
824
. 0276
48.5
182
. 0418
50.0
182
. 0435
48.3
215
. 0490
48.0
221
. 0534
51.3
257
. 0541
51.7
264
. 0551
52.0
349
. 0571
54.7
332
. 0600
55.3
September 2008
TOP
SPEED
92
92
92
92
92
96
95
92
93
97
96
99
98
98
97
97
97
103
102
98
105
108
107
126 1
128 1
136 1
145 1
146 1
148 1
151 1
155 1
P-125
-------
Table P-63 (Continued)
Percent of VW Trucks:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
1975
70.8
100. 0
1976
84.8
100. 0
1977
89.9
100. 0
1978
85.0
100. 0
1979
81.2
100. 0
1980
62.7
89.9
73.2
26
1981
74.8
95.3
45.5
54
1982
49.0
94.4
43.2
56
1983
10.8
80.0
92.7
7
1984
74.3
100. 0
1985
71.6
100. 0
1986
69. 8
100. 0
1987
18.1
72.0
100. 0
1988
56.0
100. 0
1989
8.5
56.3
100. 0
1990
51.7
3.1
100. 0
1991
6.8
41.8
100. 0
1993
100. 0
35.7
64.3
100. 0
1994
100. 0
48.0
52.0
100. 0
1995
100. 0
43.8
56.2
100. 0
1997
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
1999
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
2000
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
2001
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
2002
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
2003
78.5
21.5
100. 0
100. 0
2004
100. 0
100. 0
99. 0
1
2005
100. 0
. 4
99. 6
100. 0
2006
100. 0
.3
99.7
97. 8
2
2007
100. 0
1.0
99. 0
99. 0
1
2008
100. 0
3.1
96.9
61.9 36.7
1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-126
NUMBER OF VALVES VEHICLE SIZE
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
60.3
39.7
100. 0
38.4
61. 6
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
86.2
13. 8
100. 0
21.5
5.1
94.9
1.0
71.2
27.8
99.0
100. 0
84.2
15.8
100.0
100. 0
2.2
85.3
12.5
97.8
100. 0
1.0
99. 0
75 .7
100. 0
1.4
98. 6
91.4
100. 0
September 2008
-------
Table P-64
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 VW Marketing Group's All
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1975
26.4
20.0
26.9
22. 6
2375
95
69
15.5
1976
27.4
21.3
26.5
23.4
2350
100
74
14.5
1977
28.8
22.0
28.7
24.6
2366
99
74
14.5
1978
27.1
20.8
26.7
23.1
2420
98
75
14.8
1979
28.0
21.5
27.5
23.9
2433
99
72
15.5
1980
30.5
23.5
30.0
26.0
2420
100
70
15.9
1981
33.5
25.9
32.7
28.6
2437
106
68
16.1
1982
32 .2
25.3
30.5
27.4
2539
109
73
15.8
1983
28.7
22.4
27.7
24.5
2618
118
89
14.1
1984
27.7
21.6
26.5
23.6
2702
119
92
13. 8
1985
28.8
22.4
27.7
24.5
2747
121
97
13. 4
1986
28.5
22.0
27.4
24.2
2723
121
105
12.7
1987
27.8
21.5
26.2
23.5
2777
121
109
12.5
1988
29.5
22. 6
28.0
24.8
2709
118
105
12.5
1989
29.3
22.2
27.9
24.6
2774
118
107
12.7
1990
28.0
21.0
26.7
23.4
2972
122
117
12.5
1991
28 . 6
21.1
27.8
23.9
2978
121
113
13. 0
1992
28.7
20.9
28.1
23.9
2974
124
120
12.3
1993
25 . 6
18. 6
25.0
21.3
3271
145
136
12.1
1994
27.8
19.9
27.1
23.0
3106
134
133
11.5
1995
28.0
20.1
27.0
23.1
3147
138
138
11.4
1996
27.8
19.7
27.2
22.9
3156
137
136
11.5
1997
28.0
19.7
27.0
23.0
3168
137
140
11.4
1998
28.4
19.8
27.6
23.2
3203
133
142
11.3
1999
27.8
19.2
27.0
22.7
3265
134
148
11.2
2000
28.1
19.5
26.7
22.8
3265
135
152
10.9
2001
27.7
19.0
26.3
22.4
3335
136
164
10.6
2002
28.5
19.4
27.0
23.0
3410
132
166
10.7
2003
28.9
19.6
27.1
23.2
3459
132
166
10.8
2004
26.1
17. 6
24.6
21.0
3844
153
196
10.5
2005
26.5
17.7
25.0
21.2
3867
158
198
10.5
2006
28.4
18.9
26.7
22.7
3763
156
200
10.1
2007
27.0
17. 9
25. 6
21.6
3903
164
219
9.5
2008
26.2
17. 4
24.9
21.0
4032
177
239
9.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
HP/
HP/
TON-
CID
WT
MPG
725
. 0290
31.5
741
. 0316
32.4
745
. 0314
34.7
764
. 0309
33. 9
728
. 0297
35.7
691
. 0288
38.9
634
. 0278
43.1
665
. 0289
43.0
741
. 0339
38.9
764
. 0341
38.5
799
. 0354
40.6
850
. 0381
39.7
884
. 0391
39.0
879
. 0384
40.2
889
. 0382
41.0
954
. 0391
41.8
920
. 0375
43.1
948
. 0396
42.9
915
. 0413
41.9
979
. 0423
43.3
985
. 0435
44.3
978
. 0429
44.6
007
. 0439
44.9
056
. 0438
46.4
097
. 0449
46.0
121
. 0462
46.7
207
. 0485
47.0
262
. 0481
49.7
268
. 0476
50.9
280
. 0499
50.8
241
. 0501
52.2
285
. 0525
54.8
336
. 0553
52.9
361
. 0587
52.9
September 2008
TOP
SPEED
100
103
103
103
101
100
99
101
107
107
109
112
114
113
113
115
113
115
119
119
121
120
121 1
122 1
123 1
125 1
128 1
128 1
128 1
133 1
133 1
136 1
140 1
145 1
P-127
-------
Table P-64 (Continued)
Percent of VW All:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
1975
73.5
75.3
45.4
.3
1976
79.4
72.0
38.2
. 6
1977
88.6
80.8
64.9
.7
6.8
1978
89.4
73. 8
85.7
. 9
12.4
1979
86.8
79.3
74. 6
4.0
21.3
1980
92.9
84.5
54.7
6.7
35.3
1981
94.3
86.4
45. 6
6.2
48.2
1982
90. 0
79.9
60. 9
5.0
31.4
1983
79.3
.3
77. 8
75.1
8.8
12.4
1984
83.7
1.0
66.7
79.7
7.2
9.6
1985
85.2
1.4
65.0
85.3
6.4
8.3
1986
84.9
2.9
65.3
95.1
4.9
1987
81.2
4.4
70.7
100. 0
1988
88.0
3.0
76.2
100. 0
1989
90. 0
1.9
71.6
97. 6
2.4
1990
88.9
4.5
57.7
10.5
99. 0
1.0
1991
88.7
2.7
58.3
17. 4
96.0
4.0
1992
94.5
2.0
59.1
20.2
98.9
1.1
1993
85.9
10.5
55.3
42.9
100. 0
1994
85.7
10.5
53.2
46.2
100. 0
1995
89.4
5.2
62.2
37. 0
100. 0
1996
86.2
11.2
55.3
41.1
97. 0
3.0
1997
80.8
13.7
59.1
39.7
98.0
2.0
1998
77. 6
18.3
54.7
44.5
94.9
5.1
1999
78.4
15.0
39.4
59.0
97.5
2.5
2000
80.6
14.5
46.5
52.4
94.9
5.1
2001
73.2
23.0
44.6
54.3
95.4
4.6
2002
76.6
19.5
30.4
66.8
1.7
92.5
7.5
2003
79.6
17.5
32.4
63.5
3.4
93. 4
6.6
2004
58.2
39.6
24.0
72.2
3.3
94.2
5.8
2005
57.9
37.7
19.7
76.2
3.7
90. 6
9.4
2006
69. 6
25.2
20.3
74.9
4.1
88.2
11.8
2007
64.5
30.8
21.7
73. 8
4.5
99. 9
. 1
2008
56.3
39.5
21.1
75.7
3.3
59.2 40.6
.3
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-128
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID
98. 6
1.4
5.4
100. 0
. 0
4.3
90. 8
4.5
4.7
6.7
65.1
4.1
30.8
20.8
55. 6
7.1
37. 4
25 .5
54.9
5.1
40.0
18.4
42.3
5.6
52.1
27.6
38.3
7.9
53.8
13.5
35.1
9.2
55.7
16.0
29.0
17.7
53.2
30.5
26.2
41.4
32.4
32.0
12.7
81.0
6.3
51.8
. 1
99.2
. 6
23.0
.3
99.1
.7
37.3
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
80.2
19.8
83.0
17. 0
83.8
16.2
90.3
9.7
96.4
3.6
92.5
7.5
80.6
19.4
78.4
21.6
71.2
28.8
61. 0
39.0
98.8
1.2
88.3
10.5
1.2
88.5
11.5
91.3
7.8
. 9
81.2
18.8
70.8
29.0
.3
76.3
23.2
. 6
75.9
23.7
. 4
74. 6
25.1
.3
71.6
27.0
1.4
60.5
21.0
18.5
66.7
17.2
16.1
69.2
22.1
8.7
71.6
15. 6
12.8
65.5
14.8
19.7
September 2008
-------
Table P-65
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 BMW Marketing Group's Cars
YEAR < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPEED CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975 17.2
1976 18.4
1977 19.8
1978 19.2
1979 19.5
1980 25.0
1981 25.6
1982 25.4
1983 25.3
1984 27.0
1985 25.4
1986 25.0
1987 23.9
1988 21.2
1989 21.6
1990 21.7
1991 22.7
1992 23.8
1993 24.9
1994 24.9
1995 25.1
1996 27.0
1997 25.4
1998 25.1
1999 25.2
2000 24.6
2001 24.7
2002 26.0
2003 26.6
2004 26.2
2005 26.9
2006 27.0
2007 27.3
2008 27.3
13.4 16.7
14.5 17.4
15.5 19.0
14.7 19.0
15.0 19.3
19.6 23.7
20.1 24.2
19.9 24.0
19.8 24.1
20.9 26.2
19.4 25.3
18.9 24.9
18.0 23.9
15.9 21.1
16.2 21.1
16.1 21.5
16.6 22.6
17.1 24.1
17.7 25.4
17.6 25.3
17.6 25.4
18.9 26.7
17.7 25.4
17.4 25.0
17.3 25.0
16.8 24.4
16.8 24.2
17.6 25.3
17.8 25.7
17.4 25.5
17.8 25.9
17.8 26.1
17.9 26.5
17.9 26.5
14.7 3214
15.6 3178
16.9 3056
16.4 3065
16.7 3151
21.3 3064
21.8 3005
21.6 2980
21.6 3019
23.0 2905
21.7 3191
21.2 3232
20.3 3240
18.0 3581
18.2 3507
18.3 3599
19.1 3568
19.9 3639
20.9 3638
20.8 3654
20.8 3757
22.3 3464
21.0 3577
20.7 3599
20.7 3669
20.2 3678
20.1 3738
21.1 3678
21.5 3579
21.2 3594
21.6 3507
21.7 3621
21.9 3664
22.0 3769
161
159
95.3 148
95.8 147
96.7 150
95.9 136
95.8 131
97.3 142
97.7 146
97.3 143
97.6 160
97.3 175
97.0 172
102.2 186
99.1 178
101.6 181
98.7 166
97.2 156
99.0 162
97.5 164
99.3 167
87.9 162
92.7 182
92.7 185
95.0 179
94.2 180
95.9 186
97.3 174
94.0 168
96.9 171
92.9 163
100.0 185
99.9 188
100.6 186
138 11.5
133 11.8
129 11.5
128 11.5
132 11.4
122 12.0
117 12.2
118 12.0
126 11.7
122 11.5
129 11.9
132 11.7
147 10.9
177 10.3
185 9.6
188 9.6
183 9.9
186 9.8
195 9.6
198 9.6
203 9.6
182 9.8
203 9.2
206 9.1
199 9.4
199 9.5
222 8.8
218 9.0
210 9.0
215 8.9
208 9.0
230 8.5
244 8.3
256 8.1
120 .865
118 .854
118 .895
118 .893
119 .912
115 .928
114 .925
115 .869
118 .881
117 .877
117 .822
118 .758
124 .867
130 .962
134 1.064
134 1.061
132 1.143
133 1.203
136 1.218
136 1.218
137 1.226
133 1.139
139 1.125
140 1.123
137 1.116
137 1.108
144 1.205
143 1.255
142 1.260
143 1.262
142 1.301
148 1.256
152 1.313
154 1.392
0423
28.4
0414
29.2
0420
30.5
0416
29.5
0419
30.8
0394
38.8
0387
38.9
0395
38.4
0413
38 .5
0417
39.3
0402
40.8
0409
40.7
0454
39.1
0492
38.4
0528
37.9
0522
39.1
0510
40.7
0510
43.3
0531
45 .5
0537
45 . 6
0537
47.0
0517
46.7
0561
45 .5
0567
45 .2
0541
46.1
0539
45 .3
0594
46.2
0588
48.0
0581
47.6
0590
47.1
0584
47.3
0624
49.1
0655
50.4
0668
51.8
1951
2905
1885
2821
1933
2982
2491
3715
2539
3725
2547
3727
2519
3756
2671
3824
2533
3986
2473
3957
2359
3787
2203
3913
2159
3766
2223
3987
2286
4026
2323
4218
2490
4503
2439
4440
2497
4681
2362
4119
2354
4254
2325
4229
2395
4423
2330
4327
2375
4463
2551
4690
2513
4513
2555
4584
2523
4406
2725
4920
2758
5030
2779
5206
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-129
September 2008
-------
Table P-65 (Continued)
Percent of BMW Cars:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
1975
57.8
48.1
1976
40.6
41.7
1977
67.7
96.3
1978
62.8
97. 0
1979
67.5
96.7
1980
69.5
97.7
1981
71.0
100. 0
1982
62.8
100. 0
1983
63.3
100. 0
1984
64.9
100. 0
1985
52.0
46.7
97. 0
1986
49.8
49.0
98.8
1987
56.8
42.0
100. 0
1988
1.9
31.0
67.5
100. 0
1989
3.4
26.0
72.0
100. 0
1990
1.0
27.6
70.9
100. 0
1991
41.1
57.3
100. 0
1992
33. 9
66.1
100. 0
1993
29.5
70.5
100. 0
1994
25.5
74.5
100. 0
1995
27.4
72. 6
100. 0
1996
37.7
62.3
100. 0
1997
30.8
69.2
100. 0
1998
32.0
68.0
100. 0
1999
32.9
67.1
100. 0
2000
28.6
71.4
100. 0
2001
6.4
23.8
76.2
100. 0
2002
8.9
8.3
29.1
69.3
1.6
100. 0
2003
14.8
8.7
25.8
70.2
4.0
100. 0
2004
13. 9
7.9
23.1
72.7
4.3
100. 0
2005
28.2
6.2
26.0
66.4
7.5
100. 0
2006
17.1
17. 8
78.3
3.9
100. 0
2007
15.7
9.9
19.3
76.3
4.4
100. 0
2008
14.8
17. 8
19.7
79.7
.7
8.2 91.8
3.0
1.2
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-130
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
98.2
1.8
97. 6
2.4
99.5
.5
99.2
. 8
99. 0
1.0
100. 0
99.1
. 8
100. 0
99.1
. 9
93. 4
6.6
69.5
30.5
98.7
1.3
84.4
15. 6
CO
Ch
1.4
79.9
20.1
45.9
54.1
22 .7
87.3
12.7
18.0
82.0
70.9
95.1
4.9
3.8
96.2
64 . 6
84.9
15.1
.7
99.3
62.0
87.9
12.1
. 8
99.2
58.8
84.6
15.4
2.9
97.1
99.2
88.9
. 6
10.5
. 9
99.1
99.7
86.3
3.6
10.1
1.1
98.9
99.8
84.8
4.1
11.1
. 8
99.2
99.3
91. 8
2.6
5.6
. 1
99. 9
99.9
89.9
3.2
7.0
.7
99.3
99. 6
86.8
4.4
8.8
100. 0
91.1
90.5
9.5
100. 0
85 .2
90.5
9.5
100. 0
86.1
71.1
21.7
7.3
100. 0
71.8
78.5
17.1
4.5
100. 0
83.1
74.9
15.8
9.3
100. 0
100.0
74.4
19.7
5.9
100. 0
97.4
73.3
20.0
6.7
September 2008
-------
Table P-66
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 BMW Marketing Group's Wagons
YEAR < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPEED CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1992 23.2
1993 24.3
1994 23.5
1995 24.4
1999 23.6
2000 24.5
2001 24.9
2002 25.5
2003 25.6
2004 25.8
2005 25.7
2006 26.4
2007 26.7
2008 25.8
16.6 23.8
17.3 24.5
16.4 24.5
17.3 24.3
16.2 23.3
16.7 24.5
17.0 24.1
17.4 24.4
17.4 24.4
17.3 24.7
17.1 24.4
17.6 25.2
17.6 26.0
17.0 25.1
19.5 4000
20.3 4000
19.7 4000
20.2 4000
19.4 4000
20.1 3751
20.3 3844
20.7 3862
20.7 3826
20.8 3756
20.6 3821
21.2 4000
21.6 3968
20.8 4187
120.8 152
120.8 152
120.8 170
120.8 154
128.3 189
122.3 169
121.6 159
121.2 160
120.1 158
116.3 152
116.3 152
128.0 183
125.5 183
123.8 183
188 10.5
188 10.5
203 9.8
190 10.4
208 9.8
187 10.1
190 10.1
191 10.1
189 10.1
184 10.1
184 10.1
215 9.3
230 8.8
256 8.5
130 1.237
130 1.237
135 1.197
130 1.233
136 1.105
132 1.106
132 1.202
132 1.200
132 1.202
131 1.211
130 1.211
138 1.175
144 1.257
149 1.400
.0470 46.4
.0470 48.5
.0509 47.0
.0474 48.8
.0521 47.4
.0497 46.1
.0494 47.9
.0495 49.3
.0496 49.1
.0492 48.4
.0483 49.1
.0537 52.9
.0580 53.1
.0609 54.0
2804
5608
2929
5859
2839
5679
2945
5890
3040
6080
3007
5644
3033
5830
3098
5981
3083
5895
3003
5634
2990
5708
3385
6769
3355
6659
3195
6698
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-131
September 2008
-------
Table P-66 (Continued)
Percent of BMW Wagons:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT GDI PORT TBI DSL
1992
100. 0
100. 0
1993
100. 0
100. 0
1994
100. 0
100. 0
1995
100. 0
100. 0
1999
8.0
92.0
100. 0
2000
11.8
88.2
100. 0
2001
28.0
15.1
84.9
100. 0
2002
35.0
21.4
78. 6
100. 0
2003
35.8
9.5
90.5
100. 0
2004
51.2
12.7
87.3
100. 0
2005
64.3
11.3
88.7
100. 0
2006
8.9
91.1
100. 0
2007
54.9
10.2
89.8
100. 0
2008
79.1
11.2
88.8
100. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-132
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICIiE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
36.4 63.6
52.3 47.7
62.7 37.3
September 2008
-------
Table P-67 Characteristics of 1975 to
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
VOL
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CU-FT
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1975
17.2
13. 4
16.7
14.7
3214
1976
18.4
14.5
17. 4
15. 6
3178
1977
19.8
15.5
19.0
16.9
3056
95.3
1978
19.2
14.7
19.0
16.4
3065
95.8
1979
19.5
15.0
19.3
16.7
3151
96.7
1980
25.0
19.6
23.7
21.3
3064
95.9
1981
25 . 6
20.1
24.2
21.8
3005
95.8
1982
25.4
19.9
24.0
21.6
2980
97.3
1983
25 .3
19.8
24.1
21.6
3019
97.7
1984
27.0
20.9
26.2
23.0
2905
97.3
1985
25.4
19.4
25.3
21.7
3191
97. 6
1986
25.0
18.9
24.9
21.2
3232
97.3
1987
23.9
18.0
23.9
20.3
3240
97. 0
1988
21.2
15.9
21.1
18.0
3581
102.2
1989
21.6
16.2
21.1
18.2
3507
99.1
1990
21.7
16.1
21.5
18.3
3599
101. 6
1991
22 .7
16.6
22. 6
19.1
3568
98.7
1992
23.8
17.1
24.1
19.9
3649
97. 9
1993
24.9
17.7
25.4
20.8
3647
99. 6
1994
24.9
17.5
25.3
20.7
3661
98.0
1995
25.1
17. 6
25.4
20.8
3761
99.7
1996
27.0
18.9
26.7
22.3
3464
87.9
1997
25.4
17.7
25.4
21.0
3577
92.7
1998
25.1
17. 4
25.0
20.7
3599
92.7
1999
25.1
17.2
24.9
20.6
3681
96.2
2000
24 . 6
16.8
24.4
20.2
3681
95.4
2001
24.7
16.8
24.2
20.2
3741
96.8
2002
26.0
17. 6
25.3
21.1
3683
97. 9
2003
26.5
17. 8
25.7
21.5
3586
94.7
2004
26.2
17. 4
25.5
21.2
3596
97.2
2005
26.9
17. 8
25.8
21.6
3509
93.1
2006
27.0
17. 8
26.1
21.7
3628
100.5
2007
27.2
17. 9
26.5
21.9
3674
100. 8
2008
27.2
17. 9
26.5
21.9
3777
101. 0
Marketing Group's Cars and Wagons
0-60
TOP
HP/
HP/
TON
CU-FT
CU-FT-
TIME
SPEED
CID
WT
-MPG
-MPG
TON-MP<
11.5
120
.8 65
.0423
28.4
11.8
118
.854
.0414
29.2
11.5
118
.895
.0420
30.5
1951
2905
11.5
118
.893
.0416
29.5
1885
2821
11.4
119
.912
.0419
30.8
1933
2982
12.0
115
.928
.0394
38.8
2491
3715
12 .2
114
.925
.0387
38.9
2539
3725
12.0
115
.869
.0395
38.4
2547
3727
11.7
118
.881
.0413
38 .5
2519
3756
11.5
117
.877
.0417
39.3
2671
3824
11.9
117
.822
.0402
40.8
2533
3986
11.7
118
.758
.0409
40.7
2473
3957
10.9
124
.8 67
.0454
39.1
2359
3787
10.3
130
.962
.0492
38.4
2203
3913
9.6
134
1.064
.0528
37.9
2159
3766
9.6
134
1.061
.0522
39.1
2223
3987
9.9
132
1.143
.0510
40.7
2286
4026
9.8
133
1.204
.0509
43.4
2337
4256
9.6
135
1.219
.0530
45 . 6
2501
4537
9.6
136
1.218
.0536
45 . 6
2447
4465
9.6
137
1.226
.0536
47.1
2504
4701
9.8
133
1.139
.0517
46.7
2362
4119
9.2
139
1.125
.0561
45 .5
2354
4254
9.1
140
1.123
.0567
45 .2
2325
4229
9.5
137
1.115
.0540
46.2
2419
4483
9.5
136
1.108
.0537
45 .3
2357
4380
8.8
144
1.205
.0590
46.2
2397
4509
9.0
143
1.254
.0585
48.0
2565
4724
9.1
141
1.259
.0579
47.6
2528
4548
8.9
143
1.261
.0589
47.2
2561
4597
9.0
142
1.300
.0583
47.3
2526
4415
8 . 6
147
1.254
.0623
49.2
2738
4955
8.3
152
1.311
.0653
50.5
2779
5086
8.1
154
1.392
.0667
51.8
2786
5233
2008 BMW
ENGINE
CID HP
161 138
159 133
148 129
147 128
150 132
136 122
131 117
142 118
146 126
143 122
160 129
175 132
172 147
186 177
178 185
181 188
166 183
156 186
162 195
164 198
167 203
162 182
182 203
185 206
179 199
179 198
185 221
174 217
168 210
171 214
163 208
185 229
188 244
186 256
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-133
September 2008
-------
Table P-67 (Continued)
Percent of BMW Cars and Wagons:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
1975
57.8
48.1
1976
40.6
41.7
1977
67.7
96.3
1978
62.8
97. 0
1979
67.5
96.7
1980
69.5
97.7
1981
71.0
100. 0
1982
62.8
100. 0
1983
63.3
100. 0
1984
64.9
100. 0
1985
52.0
46.7
97. 0
1986
49.8
49.0
98.8
1987
56.8
42.0
100. 0
1988
1.9
31.0
67.5
100. 0
1989
3.4
26.0
72.0
100. 0
1990
1.0
27.6
70.9
100. 0
1991
41.1
57.3
100. 0
1992
33. 0
67. 0
100. 0
1993
28.8
71.2
100. 0
1994
24.9
75.1
100. 0
1995
27.0
73. 0
100. 0
1996
37.7
62.3
100. 0
1997
30.8
69.2
100. 0
1998
32.0
68.0
100. 0
1999
32.0
68.0
100. 0
2000
27.9
72.1
100. 0
2001
7.1
23.5
76.5
100. 0
2002
8.7
9.0
28.9
69.5
1.6
100. 0
2003
14.4
9.4
25.4
70.7
3.9
100. 0
2004
13.7
8.5
22.9
72.9
4.2
100. 0
2005
28.0
6.6
25.9
66.6
7.5
100. 0
2006
16.7
17. 6
78.5
3.9
100. 0
2007
15.2
11.4
19.0
76.7
4.2
100. 0
2008
14.5
18.9
19.5
79.8
. 6
8.1 91.9
3.0
1.2
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-134
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
98.2
1.8
97. 6
2.4
99.5
.5
99.2
. 8
99. 0
1.0
100. 0
99.1
. 8
100. 0
99.1
. 9
93. 4
6.6
69.5
30.5
98.7
1.3
84.4
15. 6
CO
Ch
1.4
79.9
20.1
45.9
54.1
22 .7
87.3
12.7
17.5
82.5
71.7
95.2
4.8
3.7
96.3
65 .5
85.3
14.7
.7
99.3
62.8
88.2
11.8
. 8
99.2
59.5
84.8
15.1
2.9
97.1
99.2
88.9
. 6
10.5
. 9
99.1
99.7
86.3
3.6
10.1
1.1
98.9
99.8
84.8
4.1
11.1
.7
99.3
99.3
92.1
2.5
5.4
. 1
99. 9
99.9
90.3
3.0
6.7
.7
99.3
99. 6
87.2
4.3
8.5
100. 0
91.3
90.7
9.3
100. 0
85 . 6
90.7
9.3
100. 0
86.3
71.4
21.4
7.2
100. 0
72.0
78. 6
17. 0
4.4
100. 0
83.4
74.1
16.7
9.1
100. 0
100.0
73. 6
20.7
5.7
100. 0
97.5
73.1
20.3
6.6
September 2008
-------
Table P-68 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 BMW Marketing Group's Vans
YEAR < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON-
LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPEED CID WT MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-135
September 2008
-------
Table P-68 (Continued)
Percent of BMW Vans:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI DSL
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-136
NUMBER OF VALVES VEHICIiE SIZE
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID SMALL MID LARGE
September 2008
-------
Table P-69 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 BMW Marketing Group's SUVs
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
2000
17.5
12.4
16.5
14.3
5000
268
282
9.0
2001
19.2
13.5
18.1
15. 6
4797
212
247
9.8
2002
20.1
14.0
18.9
16.3
5000
203
243
10.3
2003
20.0
13. 9
18.7
16.2
5000
205
244
10.2
2004
21.5
14.5
20.7
17. 4
4508
185
228
10.0
2005
21.3
14.3
20.4
17.2
4562
194
239
9.6
2006
21.2
14.2
20.4
17.2
4543
196
242
9.5
2007
23.5
15.8
22.1
18.9
4583
202
273
8.6
2008
23.0
15.5
21.7
18.5
4736
208
278
8.7
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
HP/
HP/
TON-
CID
WT
MPG
052
. 0564
43.6
183
. 0514
46.1
211
. 0485
50.4
206
. 0488
50.2
231
. 0506
48.3
237
. 0526
48.4
239
. 0536
48.1
368
. 0599
53.6
359
. 0591
54.4
September 2008
TOP
SPEED
147 1
139 1
136 1
137 1
137 1
140 1
141 1
150 1
149 1
P-137
-------
Table P-69 (Continued)
Percent of BMW SUVs:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT
2000
100. 0
2001
100. 0
4.1
95.9
2002
100. 0
2.0
98.0
2003
100. 0
1.6
98.4
2004
100. 0
8.7
91.3
2005
100. 0
1.9
98.1
2006
100. 0
1.2
98.8
2007
100. 0
2.8
97.2
2008
100. 0
. 8
99.2
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI DSL
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-138
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
VEHICLE SIZE
WT HYBRID SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
83.7 16.3
45.7 54.3
100. 0
100. 0
September 2008
-------
Table P-70 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 BMW Marketing Group's Pickups
YEAR < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON-
LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPEED CID WT MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-139
September 2008
-------
Table P-70 (Continued)
Percent of BMW Pickups:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI DSL
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-140
NUMBER OF VALVES VEHICIiE SIZE
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE WT HYBRID SMALL MID LARGE
September 2008
-------
Table P-71 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 BMW Marketing Group's Trucks
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
2000
17.5
12.4
16.5
14.3
5000
268
282
9.0
2001
19.2
13.5
18.1
15. 6
4797
212
247
9.8
2002
20.1
14.0
18.9
16.3
5000
203
243
10.3
2003
20.0
13. 9
18.7
16.2
5000
205
244
10.2
2004
21.5
14.5
20.7
17. 4
4508
185
228
10.0
2005
21.3
14.3
20.4
17.2
4562
194
239
9.6
2006
21.2
14.2
20.4
17.2
4543
196
242
9.5
2007
23.5
15.8
22.1
18.9
4583
202
273
8.6
2008
23.0
15.5
21.7
18.5
4736
208
278
8.7
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
HP/
HP/
TON-
CID
WT
MPG
052
. 0564
43.6
183
. 0514
46.1
211
. 0485
50.4
206
. 0488
50.2
231
. 0506
48.3
237
. 0526
48.4
239
. 0536
48.1
368
. 0599
53.6
359
. 0591
54.4
September 2008
TOP
SPEED
147 1
139 1
136 1
137 1
137 1
140 1
141 1
150 1
149 1
P-141
-------
Table P-71 (Continued)
Percent of BMW Trucks:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT
2000
100. 0
2001
100. 0
4.1
95.9
2002
100. 0
2.0
98.0
2003
100. 0
1.6
98.4
2004
100. 0
8.7
91.3
2005
100. 0
1.9
98.1
2006
100. 0
1.2
98.8
2007
100. 0
2.8
97.2
2008
100. 0
. 8
99.2
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI DSL
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-142
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
VEHICLE SIZE
WT HYBRID SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
83.7 16.3
45.7 54.3
100. 0
100. 0
September 2008
-------
Table P-72 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 BMW Marketing Group's All
CEAR
< FUEL ECONOMY -
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1975
17.2
13. 4
16.7
14.7
3214
161
138
11.5
1976
18.4
14.5
17. 4
15. 6
3178
159
133
11.8
1977
19.8
15.5
19.0
16.9
3056
148
129
11.5
1978
19.2
14.7
19.0
16.4
3065
147
128
11.5
1979
19.5
15.0
19.3
16.7
3151
150
132
11.4
1980
25.0
19.6
23.7
21.3
3064
136
122
12.0
1981
25 . 6
20.1
24.2
21.8
3005
131
117
12.2
1982
25.4
19.9
24.0
21.6
2980
142
118
12.0
1983
25 .3
19.8
24.1
21.6
3019
146
126
11.7
1984
27.0
20.9
26.2
23.0
2905
143
122
11.5
1985
25.4
19.4
25.3
21.7
3191
160
129
11.9
1986
25.0
18.9
24.9
21.2
3232
175
132
11.7
1987
23.9
18.0
23.9
20.3
3240
172
147
10.9
1988
21.2
15.9
21.1
18.0
3581
186
177
10.3
1989
21.6
16.2
21.1
18.2
3507
178
185
9.6
1990
21.7
16.1
21.5
18.3
3599
181
188
9.6
1991
22 .7
16.6
22. 6
19.1
3568
166
183
9.9
1992
23.8
17.1
24.1
19.9
3649
156
186
9.8
1993
24.9
17.7
25.4
20.8
3647
162
195
9.6
1994
24.9
17.5
25.3
20.7
3661
164
198
9.6
1995
25.1
17. 6
25.4
20.8
3761
167
203
9.6
1996
27.0
18.9
26.7
22.3
3464
162
182
9.8
1997
25.4
17.7
25.4
21.0
3577
182
203
9.2
1998
25.1
17. 4
25.0
20.7
3599
185
206
9.1
1999
25.1
17.2
24.9
20.6
3681
179
199
9.5
2000
24.3
16.6
24.1
19.9
3721
182
201
9.5
2001
23.3
16.0
22. 6
19.0
3964
191
226
9.0
2002
24.8
16.8
23.9
20.1
3910
179
222
9.2
2003
25 .2
17. 0
24.2
20.4
3811
174
215
9.2
2004
24.9
16.6
24.2
20.2
3807
174
217
9.2
2005
25.1
16.7
24.0
20.2
3803
171
217
9.2
2006
25.8
17.1
24.9
20.8
3779
187
231
8.7
2007
26.5
17.5
25.5
21.3
3839
191
249
8.3
2008
26.3
17. 4
25.4
21.2
3959
190
260
8.2
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
HP/
HP/
TON-
CID
WT
MPG
865
. 0423
28.4
854
. 0414
29.2
895
. 0420
30.5
893
. 0416
29.5
912
. 0419
30.8
928
. 0394
38.8
925
. 0387
38.9
869
. 0395
38.4
881
. 0413
38.5
877
. 0417
39.3
822
. 0402
40.8
758
. 0409
40.7
867
. 0454
39.1
962
. 0492
38.4
064
. 0528
37. 9
061
. 0522
39.1
143
. 0510
40.7
204
. 0509
43.4
219
. 0530
45. 6
218
. 0536
45. 6
226
. 0536
47.1
139
. 0517
46.7
125
. 0561
45.5
123
. 0567
45.2
115
. 0540
46.2
107
. 0538
45.3
200
. 0574
46.2
246
. 0568
48.4
250
. 0565
48.1
254
. 0570
47.4
283
. 0567
47.6
252
. 0608
49.0
321
. 0643
51.0
386
. 0653
52.3
September 2008
TOP
SPEED
120
118
118
118
119
115
114
115
118
117
117
118
124
130
134 1
134 1
132 1
133 1
135 1
136 1
137 1
133 1
139 1
140 1
137 1
137 1
143 1
142 1
141 1
141 1
141 1
146 1
151 1
153 1
P-143
-------
Table P-72 (Continued)
Percent of BMW All:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
1975
57.8
48.1
1976
40.6
41.7
1977
67.7
96.3
1978
62.8
97. 0
1979
67.5
96.7
1980
69.5
97.7
1981
71.0
100. 0
1982
62.8
100. 0
1983
63.3
100. 0
1984
64.9
100. 0
1985
52.0
46.7
97. 0
1986
49.8
49.0
98.8
1987
56.8
42.0
100. 0
1988
1.9
31.0
67.5
100. 0
1989
3.4
26.0
72.0
100. 0
1990
1.0
27.6
70.9
100. 0
1991
41.1
57.3
100. 0
1992
33. 0
67. 0
100. 0
1993
28.8
71.2
100. 0
1994
24.9
75.1
100. 0
1995
27.0
73. 0
100. 0
1996
37.7
62.3
100. 0
1997
30.8
69.2
100. 0
1998
32.0
68.0
100. 0
1999
32.0
68.0
100. 0
2000
27.1
72.9
100. 0
2001
26.7
19.4
80.6
100. 0
2002
7.2
24.7
24.2
74.4
1.3
100. 0
2003
12.1
23.8
21.6
75.1
3.2
100. 0
2004
10.6
29.6
19.7
77.1
3.2
100. 0
2005
20.2
32. 6
19.2
75.4
5.4
100. 0
2006
14.0
16.5
14.9
81.9
3.2
100. 0
2007
12.4
27.4
16.1
80.4
3.5
100. 0
2008
11.8
34.3
16.0
83.5
.5
6.6 93.4
3.0
1.2
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-144
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
98.2
1.8
97. 6
2.4
99.5
.5
99.2
. 8
99. 0
1.0
99.1
. 8
99.1
. 9
69.5
30.5
84.4
15. 6
79.9
20.1
87.3
12.7
95.2
4.8
85.3
14.7
88.2
11.8
99.2
59.5
84.8
15.1
97.1
99.2
88.9
. 6
10.5
99.1
99.7
86.3
3.6
10.1
98.9
99.8
84.8
4.1
11.1
99.3
99.3
92.1
2.5
5.4
99. 9
99.9
87.6
2.9
9.5
99. 4
99.7
68.8
3.4
27.8
100. 0
92.8
75.1
24.9
100. 0
87.9
76.3
23.7
100. 0
89.4
54.9
39.6
5.5
100. 0
79.8
56.7
35. 6
7.7
100. 0
86.1
61. 9
21.5
16.6
100. 0
100.0
60.3
16.9
22.8
100. 0
98.0
59.2
16.5
24.3
September 2008
-------
Table P-73 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 All Marketing Groups' Cars
YEAR < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPEED CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975 15.8
1976 17.5
1977 18.4
1978 20.0
1979 20.3
1980 23.5
1981 25.1
1982 26.1
1983 25.7
1984 26.3
1985 26.9
1986 28.0
1987 28.2
1988 28.6
1989 28.2
1990 27.8
1991 28.0
1992 27.6
1993 28.1
1994 28.0
1995 28.3
1996 28.3
1997 28.4
1998 28.5
1999 28.2
2000 28.2
2001 28.5
2002 28.8
2003 28.9
2004 29.0
2005 29.7
2006 29.3
2007 30.4
2008 30.4
12.3 15.1
13.7 16.6
14.4 17.4
15.6 19.2
16.0 19.3
18.3 22.6
19.5 24.2
20.1 25.6
19.8 25.4
20.2 26.0
20.6 26.7
21.3 27.7
21.3 27.8
21.5 28.3
20.9 27.9
20.5 27.5
20.5 27.6
20.0 27.5
20.2 27.8
20.0 27.7
19.9 28.1
19.8 28.0
19.8 28.0
19.7 28.0
19.4 27.5
19.3 27.3
19.4 27.5
19.5 27.4
19.4 27.5
19.3 27.6
19.7 27.9
19.4 27.7
20.2 28.5
20.1 28.6
13.4 4071
14.9 4044
15.6 3936
17.0 3572
17.3 3468
20.0 3092
21.4 3079
22.3 3039
22.0 3121
22.4 3091
23.0 3091
23.8 3026
23.9 3013
24.2 3035
23.8 3088
23.4 3167
23.4 3147
23.1 3234
23.4 3210
23.2 3251
23.4 3266
23.3 3276
23.4 3274
23.4 3304
23.0 3361
22.9 3366
23.1 3366
23.2 3379
23.2 3421
23.2 3444
23.6 3444
23.4 3526
24.2 3502
24.2 3540
293
288
106.9 281
106.0 252
105.9 239
102.4 188
104.5 184
103.4 175
106.7 185
105.1 180
106.0 179
105.0 168
104.4 162
105.4 160
106.4 162
105.8 163
105.6 163
107.3 170
107.1 167
107.2 168
107.8 168
108.2 166
108.0 164
108.0 164
108.4 166
108.9 166
108.3 165
108.6 166
108.4 168
108.8 170
109.6 167
109.5 174
109.1 167
108.9 170
137 14.1
134 14.4
134 13.9
124 13.6
120 13.7
101 14.2
99 14.3
99 14.3
105 13.9
106 13.7
112 13.2
111 13.1
113 13.0
116 12.7
121 12.4
129 12.1
133 11.8
141 11.5
140 11.5
143 11.4
154 10.8
154 10.8
157 10.7
159 10.6
164 10.5
168 10.3
169 10.3
173 10.1
178 10.0
182 9.8
181 9.8
195 9.5
190 9.6
197 9.4
112 .506
111 .500
112 .516
111 .537
111 .546
107 .584
106 .589
107 .610
108 .613
109 .636
111 .670
111 .702
112 .732
113 .759
115 .784
117 .830
118 .852
121 .868
120 .868
121 .885
125 .948
125 .958
126 .975
127 .991
128 1.007
129 1.030
130 1.039
131 1.063
132 1.081
133 1.095
133 1.104
137 1.137
135 1.145
137 1.167
.0333 32.4
.0326 35.4
.0337 36.4
.0344 35.9
.0341 35.4
.0324 36.5
.0321 38.9
.0322 40.1
.0334 40.5
.0341 41.0
.0358 41.9
.0363 42.6
.0367 42.7
.0376 43.7
.0388 43.7
.0402 44.2
.0415 44.2
.0429 44.8
.0429 45.3
.0434 45.7
.0463 46.3
.0465 46.5
.0471 46.6
.0476 47.3
.0482 47.5
.0493 47.6
.0495 48.3
.0507 48.9
.0514 49.8
.0522 50.4
.0519 51.8
.0543 52.5
.0533 54.4
.0547 55.0
2031
3894
2193
3816
2210
3770
2462
3756
2689
4081
2779
4161
2835
4331
2843
4309
2928
4448
3006
4479
3001
4460
3083
4615
3052
4659
2987
4687
3007
4680
3011
4819
3059
4859
3049
4900
3098
4998
3106
5036
3104
5039
3122
5115
3088
5157
3103
5188
3142
5240
3176
5316
3200
5417
3227
5496
3353
5703
3311
5770
3453
5957
3450
6014
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-145
September 2008
-------
Table P-73 (Continued)
Percent of All Cars:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT
1975
6.5
19.2
1976
6.0
17. 0
1977
6.8
16.6
1978
9.9
20.2
6.6
1979
12.8
22. 6
8.5
1980
31.1
. 6
31.7
15.5
1981
36.5
. 4
29.8
33. 9
1982
46.1
. 4
29.9
51.6
1983
48.1
.5
25.9
58.7
1984
52.8
. 4
24.4
58.3
1985
62.3
. 1
22.7
58.7
1986
71.2
.3
25.1
58.0
1987
77.5
.3
25.5
58.9
1988
82.2
. 4
24.7
66.0
1989
83.1
. 6
21.4
69.1
. 1
1990
85.3
. 4
19.9
72.7
. 0
1991
83.8
. 9
20.8
73.2
. 0
1992
81.2
.7
17.5
76.2
. 0
1993
85.3
. 6
17. 8
76.8
. 0
1994
84.4
.2
16.8
79.1
1995
82.2
. 6
16.3
81.9
1996
87.2
. 6
14.8
83.5
. 0
1997
87.3
. 6
13. 4
85.9
. 1
1998
88.2
. 8
12.2
87.4
. 1
1999
88.3
. 9
10.8
88.6
. 0
2000
85.8
. 9
11.2
87.7
. 0
2001
85.1
1.6
11.4
87.5
.2
2002
86.0
2.3
11.0
88.3
.5
2003
82.3
2.3
10.9
88.1
1.0
2004
82.0
3.2
10.1
88.1
1.5
2005
81.6
3.5
9.2
87.8
2.9
2006
76.7
3.9
9.5
87.7
2.7
2007
81.1
4.2
8.8
80.7
10.5
2008
78.3
5.5
9.7
78.4
11.9
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI DSL
5.5
.3
3.3
.3
4.3
.5
5.3
1.0
5.1
2.2
6.5
.7
4.1
6.3
2.9
5.9
7.5
10.9
4.7
10.1
19.7
2.1
15.9
24.1
1.6
22.4
33. 0
. 9
37.3
28.9
.3
42.0
30.6
.2
54.0
29.4
. 0
62.3
28.1
. 0
77.5
21.2
. 0
77. 9
22.0
. 1
89.6
10.4
. 1
91. 4
8.6
94.7
5.3
. 0
98.7
1.2
. 1
98.8
1.1
. 1
99.1
. 8
. 1
99.7
. 1
.2
99.7
. 1
.2
99.7
. 1
.2
99.7
.3
99. 6
. 4
99.7
.3
99.7
.3
99. 6
. 4
99.3
.7
99. 9
. 1
96.7
. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-146
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICIiE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
56.2
22.4
21.4
58.0
22. 6
19.3
54.7
22.2
23.1
46.2
33.3
20.4
45.3
33. 0
21.7
55.0
34.0
11.0
51.4
36.6
12.1
57.6
30.5
11.9
52. 6
32.1
15.3
58.6
28.6
12.8
56.3
28.3
15.4
94.8
3.4
1.7
61.2
26.3
12.5
84.9
9.6
5.5
65.0
22.7
12.3
79.4
10.0
10.6
66.3
20.9
12.9
75.1
12.1
12.8
59.4
27.1
13.5
66.8
5.6
27.6
. 6
59.3
27.8
13. 0
65.7
6.4
27.9
2.5
61.7
25.9
12.4
64.7
4.6
30.7
4.7
56.9
27.2
15.9
62.3
3.2
34.5
5.0
56.9
29.2
13. 8
58.0
1.9
40.0
8.2
58.6
25.5
15.9
47.2
1.1
51.7
. 0
10.0
57.6
27.9
14.5
42.7
1.0
56.3
. 0
11.9
55.1
31.0
14.0
41.2
1.0
57.6
. 1
11.6
55.3
29.8
14.9
39.0
1.5
58.7
. 8
18.8
49.8
38.4
11.8
35.8
2.1
60.7
1.5
17.2
48.3
38.7
13. 0
35.4
1.8
61.3
1.6
23.3
. 1
48.3
32.8
18.9
34.2
2.1
60. 9
2.8
28.7
. 0
51.1
31.2
17. 8
31.5
2.0
63. 8
2.7
34 .7
.3
48.4
35.7
15.9
28.0
2.4
66.7
2.9
41.1
. 6
49.7
33. 4
16.9
24.3
1.7
71.6
2.4
44.4
1.0
46.9
36.1
17. 0
22.2
2.1
74. 6
1.1
52 .7
2.3
43.6
39.5
16.9
20.4
1.7
77.5
.3
62.4
1.7
44.5
33. 6
21.9
16.0
1.0
83.0
. 0
67.9
3.7
42.5
41.7
15.7
11.8
1.0
87.2
. 0
65.8
4.1
41.1
37. 6
21.3
September 2008
-------
Table P-74 Characteristics of 1975 to
YEAR < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL
LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975
16.1
12.5
15. 6
13. 8
3957
1976
17.3
13. 6
16.4
14.7
4182
1977
18.0
14.3
16.9
15.3
4005
138.1
1978
19.2
15.1
18.3
16.4
3723
135.7
1979
19.7
15. 6
18.4
16.7
3637
135. 6
1980
23.6
18.5
22.5
20.1
3231
128.4
1981
25 . 6
20.0
24.6
21.8
3040
126.2
1982
25 .3
19.6
24.6
21.6
3188
129. 4
1983
27.2
21.1
26.3
23.2
3047
123. 9
1984
26.4
20.4
25.9
22. 6
3175
131.5
1985
27.5
21.2
26.9
23.4
3112
130.2
1986
27.1
20.7
26.6
23.0
3215
133.3
1987
27.2
20.6
26.7
23.0
3248
133.5
1988
27.6
20.7
27.0
23.3
3242
133. 6
1989
26.9
20.0
26.5
22. 6
3327
135.5
1990
26.7
19.7
26.4
22.4
3367
135.0
1991
28.0
20.5
27.6
23.4
3305
134.0
1992
27.5
19.9
27.4
23.0
3391
136.2
1993
29.6
21.3
29.1
24.6
3154
129. 8
1994
29.4
20.9
29.1
24.4
3217
130.5
1995
29.6
21.0
29.0
24.4
3189
129.7
1996
27.7
19.6
27.0
22.8
3453
131. 8
1997
28.9
20.4
27.9
23.7
3283
128.0
1998
28.3
19.8
27.0
23.1
3359
128.1
1999
27.7
19.2
26.6
22. 6
3460
130. 8
2000
27.7
19.2
26.2
22.4
3468
130. 8
2001
26.9
18.7
25.1
21.7
3631
127. 0
2002
26.7
18.4
24.9
21.5
3610
125.4
2003
29.1
20.0
26.5
23.2
3425
121.3
2004
27.8
19.0
25.4
22.1
3683
130. 9
2005
28.0
19.0
25.5
22.2
3652
129.7
2006
28.4
19.2
25.8
22.5
3603
128.8
2007
28 . 6
19.2
26.3
22.7
3598
123.7
2008
29.6
20.0
26.9
23.4
3557
122.8
Marketing Groups' Wagons
0-60
TOP
HP/
HP/
TON
CU-FT
CU-FT-
TIME
SPEED
CID
WT
-MPG
-MPG
TON-MP<
14 .3
110
.585
.0322
32 .2
14 .7
109
.526
.0312
36.2
14 . 6
109
.523
.0315
36.3
2559
5018
14.1
110
.548
.0327
35.8
2642
4875
14 .5
108
.535
.0317
35.8
2694
4864
15 .2
104
.5 67
.0297
38.4
3098
4956
14 . 6
105
. 644
.0312
39.1
3287
4956
14.8
105
. 603
.0305
40.4
3334
5245
14.8
104
. 636
.0305
41.6
3420
5149
14 . 6
106
. 645
.0311
42.1
3546
5543
14 .3
107
. 677
.0320
42 .7
3638
5580
14.1
108
. 690
.0327
43.4
3642
5813
13.6
110
.730
.0342
44.1
3660
5911
13.3
111
.745
.0352
44 . 6
3708
5987
13.0
113
.758
.0363
44 . 6
3663
6068
12 . 6
115
.815
.0376
45.0
3624
6080
12 .7
114
.823
.0372
46.3
3783
6218
12.1
118
.8 67
.0403
46.7
3772
6371
12.8
113
.811
.0368
46.8
3894
6087
12.4
116
.848
.0390
47.5
3896
6196
12.4
116
.873
.0390
47.3
3885
6132
11.8
120
.945
.0414
47.9
3677
6323
11.6
119
.972
.0419
47.5
3741
6086
11.1
123
1.043
.0442
47.4
3650
6084
10.9
124
1.062
.0449
47.9
3650
6280
10.9
125
1.076
.0454
48.0
3649
6291
11.0
125
1.084
.0446
49.0
3448
6233
10.9
125
1.109
.0452
48.4
3378
6090
10.9
124
1.160
.0453
50.4
3595
6117
10.1
132
1.248
.0504
51.4
3687
6732
9.9
133
1.220
.0511
51.4
3705
6678
10.0
133
1.228
.0514
51.3
3701
6605
10.0
133
1.213
.0508
51.7
3609
6409
10.1
131
1.223
.0501
52.9
3704
6517
2008 All
ENGINE
CID HP
256 129
276 132
266 127
243 123
234 117
189 96
165 94
178 98
161 94
166 100
158 101
162 106
162 112
163 114
171 121
165 127
158 124
171 137
150 117
154 128
147 126
155 144
142 138
143 149
148 156
147 158
150 162
149 163
135 155
151 187
158 189
154 188
156 186
149 180
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-147
September 2008
-------
Table P-74 (Continued)
Percent of All Wagons:
MODEL
DRIVETRAIN
TRANSMISSION
FUEL
METERING
YEAR
FRONT
4WD
MANUAL
LOCK CVT
GDI
PORT
TBI
DSL
1975
6.6
25.3
2.7
. 1
1976
4.1
17.5
2.6
. 1
1977
7.0
18.0
3.4
.3
1978
7.2
19.9
7.5
3.4
.5
1979
3.8
3.5
19.6
4.1
1.4
1.1
1980
11.3
4.6
35.1
30.2
2.2
9.3
1981
42.4
4.2
36.8
27.5
4.4
. 0
6.5
1982
42.0
4.2
28.0
49.0
4.3
.3
4.7
1983
41.1
22.3
30.7
42.1
4.4
13. 0
1.5
1984
62.9
7.2
22.1
58.4
6.1
26.7
2.0
1985
54.4
21.5
23.6
58.6
12.1
22.7
1.0
1986
69. 4
9.2
21.4
58.3
29.8
22.7
. 4
1987
71.5
10.5
17.3
66.4
48.2
29.2
.3
1988
73. 8
8.5
17. 4
67.1
48.9
39.8
1989
71.2
7.7
12.9
73.3
64.1
23.2
1990
68.9
13.7
13. 9
76.5
76.4
18.0
1991
71.8
12.4
14.7
80.4
80.8
19.2
1992
70.2
12.2
15.2
80.2
89.0
11.0
1993
81.3
10.3
18. 6
78.7
93.5
6.5
1994
84.9
6.2
15.7
81.7
98.7
1.3
1995
77.5
15.1
16.9
81.7
100. 0
1996
66.7
28.3
15.1
84.9
99.5
.5
1997
65.7
32.9
16.5
83.5
100. 0
. 0
1998
50.7
46.3
15.7
84.3
100. 0
1999
52.9
43.3
14.5
84.8
100. 0
2000
58.2
37. 6
11.1
87.4
100. 0
2001
66.2
32.2
11.6
88.1
100. 0
2002
66.5
31.5
14. 6
85.1
99.5
.5
2003
73. 0
25.5
14.0
85.9
98.7
1.3
2004
65.8
33.3
10.5
89.5
99.2
. 8
2005
61. 4
28.2
10.1
89.9
99. 0
1.0
2006
67.5
22.5
8.5
91.5
100. 0
2007
72. 6
21.9
8.1
91. 9
99. 9
. 1
2008
74.4
21.8
16.9
83.1
3.8
96.2
. 1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-148
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICIiE SIZE
SMALL MID IiARGE
49.5
30.0
20.4
33.3
46.7
20.0
30.2
43.0
26.8
31.2
43.5
25.3
29.0
45.2
25.8
46.4
38.4
15.2
52.4
34.1
13.5
47.0
35.0
18.0
56.7
29.5
13. 9
46.0
36.4
17. 6
50.5
34.7
14.8
100. 0
39.7
46.6
13.7
90.5
2.2
7.3
44.7
44.4
10.9
91. 9
.3
7.8
41.3
46.4
12.3
85. 6
1.1
13.3
34.5
51.9
13. 6
70.8
29.2
42. 6
49.1
8.3
71.1
28.9
57.1
33.5
9.4
74.3
25.7
.7
46.6
44.7
8.7
79.6
20.4
.3
62.1
34.1
3.8
80.4
19.6
4.4
57.3
38.4
4.4
63.5
36.5
5.1
51.5
45.8
2.7
42.9
57.1
5.8
33.5
63. 0
3.5
45.9
54.1
3.9
50.0
50.0
. 0
27.7
1.9
68.1
2.3
6.8
39.0
61. 0
. 0
22.9
2.3
66.5
8.4
12 .3
30.0
70.0
. 0
20.1
1.8
69.1
9.0
25.0
22.4
77. 6
. 0
7.3
1.3
84.0
7.5
22 .5
47.3
52.7
. 0
5.9
1.8
86.1
6.3
18.4
53.2
46.8
. 0
4.9
. 9
86.8
7.4
42 .5
66.4
33. 6
. 0
2.8
1.5
90. 6
5.1
41.6
54.0
28.4
17.7
17. 8
. 6
79.8
1.8
40.9
50.6
33. 0
16.4
7.9
2.6
89.5
. 0
44 . 6
60.5
27.0
12.5
9.3
1.4
89.3
. 0
38 .2
61. 4
27.1
11.6
1.3
98. 6
. 0
47.6
69.2
21.6
9.3
September 2008
-------
Table P-75
Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 All Marketing Groups' Cars and Wagons
YEAR < FUEL ECONOMY > WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FT-
LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPEED CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
1975 15.8
1976 17.5
1977 18.3
1978 19.9
1979 20.3
1980 23.5
1981 25.1
1982 26.0
1983 25.9
1984 26.3
1985 27.0
1986 27.9
1987 28.1
1988 28.6
1989 28.1
1990 27.8
1991 28.0
1992 27.6
1993 28.2
1994 28.0
1995 28.3
1996 28.3
1997 28.4
1998 28.5
1999 28.2
2000 28.2
2001 28.4
2002 28.6
2003 28.9
2004 28.9
2005 29.5
2006 29.2
2007 30.3
2008 30.3
12.3 15.2
13.7 16.6
14.4 17.4
15.5 19.1
15.9 19.2
18.3 22.6
19.6 24.2
20.1 25.5
19.9 25.5
20.2 26.0
20.7 26.8
21.2 27.6
21.2 27.7
21.4 28.2
20.9 27.9
20.5 27.5
20.5 27.6
20.0 27.5
20.3 27.9
20.0 27.7
20.0 28.1
19.8 28.0
19.8 28.0
19.7 28.0
19.4 27.5
19.3 27.3
19.4 27.3
19.4 27.2
19.5 27.5
19.3 27.4
19.6 27.6
19.4 27.5
20.1 28.3
20.1 28.4
13.5 4058
14.9 4059
15.6 3944
16.9 3588
17.2 3485
20.0 3101
21.4 3076
22.2 3054
22.1 3112
22.4 3099
23.0 3093
23.7 3041
23.8 3031
24.1 3047
23.7 3099
23.3 3176
23.4 3154
23.1 3240
23.5 3207
23.3 3250
23.4 3263
23.3 3282
23.4 3274
23.4 3306
23.0 3365
22.9 3369
23.0 3380
23.1 3391
23.2 3421
23.1 3462
23.5 3463
23.3 3534
24.1 3510
24.1 3541
288
287
110.4 279
109.0 251
108.9 238
104.2 188
106.5 182
106.1 175
108.7 182
107.5 179
108.2 177
107.3 167
106.6 162
107.0 160
107.7 163
107.1 163
106.8 163
108.4 170
108.4 166
108.2 168
108.7 167
109.0 165
108.7 164
108.6 164
109.1 166
109.6 165
109.3 165
109.5 166
109.2 166
110.4 168
111.4 166
111.5 172
110.2 167
110.2 168
136 14.2
134 14.4
133 14.0
124 13.7
119 13.8
100 14.3
99 14.4
99 14.4
104 14.0
106 13.8
111 13.3
111 13.2
112 13.0
116 12.8
121 12.5
129 12.1
132 11.8
141 11.5
138 11.6
143 11.4
152 10.9
154 10.8
156 10.7
159 10.6
164 10.5
168 10.4
168 10.3
173 10.2
176 10.0
182 9.8
182 9.8
194 9.6
190 9.7
196 9.5
111 .515
110 .502
111 .516
111 .538
110 .545
107 .583
106 .594
106 .609
108 .615
109 .637
111 .671
111 .701
112 .732
113 .759
115 .783
117 .829
118 .851
120 .868
120 .865
121 .884
125 .945
125 .958
126 .974
127 .993
128 1.009
129 1.032
129 1.042
131 1.066
132 1.086
133 1.106
133 1.115
136 1.146
135 1.150
137 1.173
.0331 32.3
.0324 35.5
.0335 36.4
.0342 35.9
.0338 35.4
.0322 36.6
.0320 38.9
.0320 40.1
.0330 40.7
.0339 41.1
.0355 42.0
.0360 42.6
.0365 42.8
.0375 43.7
.0387 43.8
.0401 44.2
.0413 44.3
.0428 44.9
.0425 45.4
.0432 45.7
.0460 46.4
.0464 46.5
.0469 46.7
.0475 47.3
.0481 47.5
.0492 47.6
.0492 48.4
.0504 48.9
.0510 49.9
.0521 50.5
.0518 51.8
.0540 52.4
.0531 54.2
.0543 54.8
2091
4021
2240
3926
2258
3878
2507
3841
2744
4161
2836
4273
2904
4426
2910
4425
2992
4551
3057
4585
3051
4569
3119
4693
3080
4723
3014
4746
3040
4746
3040
4877
3107
4929
3086
4955
3130
5045
3125
5080
3127
5076
3138
5145
3106
5191
3121
5224
3158
5292
3187
5358
3225
5462
3261
5587
3384
5790
3351
5855
3465
5993
3474
6062
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-149
September 2008
-------
Table P-75 (Continued)
Percent of All Cars and Wagons:
MODEL
DRIVETRAIN
TRANSMISSION
FUEL
METERING
YEAR
FRONT
4WD
MANUAL
LOCK
CVT
GDI
PORT
TBI
DSL
1975
6.5
19.9
5.1
.2
1976
5.8
17.1
3.2
.3
1977
6.8
16.8
4.2
.5
1978
9.6
20.2
6.7
5.1
. 9
1979
11.9
.3
22.3
8.0
4.7
2.1
1980
29.7
. 9
31.9
16.5
6.2
.7
4.4
1981
37. 0
.7
30.4
33.3
6.1
2.6
5.9
1982
45. 6
. 8
29.7
51.4
7.2
9.8
4.7
1983
47.3
3.1
26.5
56.7
9.5
18.9
2.1
1984
53.7
1.0
24.1
58.3
15.0
24.4
1.7
1985
61. 6
2.1
22.8
58.7
21.4
32.0
. 9
1986
71.1
1.1
24.8
58.0
36.7
28.4
.3
1987
77. 0
1.1
24.9
59.5
42.5
30.5
.3
1988
81.7
. 8
24.3
66.1
53.7
30.0
. 0
1989
82.5
1.0
21.0
69.3
. 1
62.4
27.8
. 0
1990
84.6
1.0
19.6
72.9
. 0
77.5
21.1
. 0
1991
83.2
1.4
20.5
73.5
. 0
78.0
21.8
. 1
1992
80.8
1.1
17. 4
76.4
. 0
89.5
10.4
. 1
1993
85.1
1.2
17. 8
77. 0
. 0
91. 6
8.4
1994
84.4
. 4
16.7
79.3
94.9
5.1
. 0
1995
82.0
1.2
16.3
81.9
98.8
1.2
. 1
1996
86.5
1.5
14.8
83.6
. 0
98.8
1.1
. 1
1997
86.5
1.7
13.5
85.8
. 1
99.1
. 8
. 1
1998
87.0
2.3
12.3
87.3
. 1
99.7
. 1
.2
1999
87.2
2.2
10.9
88.4
. 0
99.7
. 1
.2
2000
84.9
2.1
11.2
87.7
. 0
99.7
. 1
.2
2001
84.1
3.2
11.4
87.5
.2
99.7
.3
2002
84.9
3.8
11.2
88.1
. 4
99. 6
. 4
2003
81.7
3.8
11.1
87.9
. 9
99. 6
. 4
2004
80.8
5.4
10.2
88.2
1.4
99.7
.3
2005
79.8
5.8
9.3
88.0
2.6
99. 6
. 4
2006
75.8
5.8
9.4
88.1
2.4
99. 4
. 6
2007
80.4
5.6
8.7
81.6
9.7
99. 9
. 1
2008
77. 9
7.1
10.3
78.9
10.8
3.3
96.7
. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-150
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICIiE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
55.4
23.3
21.3
55.4
25.2
19.4
51.9
24.5
23.5
44.7
34.4
21.0
43.7
34.2
22.1
54.4
34.4
11.3
51.5
36.4
12.2
56.5
31.0
12.5
53.1
31.8
15.1
57.4
29.4
13.2
55.7
28.9
15.4
95.2
3.2
1.6
59.5
27.9
12. 6
85.3
9.1
5.6
63.5
24.3
12.2
80.1
9.5
10.4
64.8
22.3
12.8
75. 6
11.6
12.8
58.3
28.2
13.5
67. 0
5.4
27.6
. 6
58.6
28.7
12.8
65.9
6.2
27.9
2.4
61.5
26.2
12.3
65.0
4.4
30.5
4 . 6
56.5
27.8
15. 6
63.3
3.0
33.7
4.8
57.2
29.5
13.3
59.0
1.8
39.2
8.0
58.5
26.1
15.4
47.8
1.1
51.1
. 0
9.8
57.3
28.6
14.0
42.7
. 9
56.3
. 0
11.7
54.3
32.0
13. 6
41.4
1.0
57.5
. 1
11.3
55.1
30.6
14.3
38. 6
1.5
59.0
. 9
18.4
49.4
39.1
11.4
35.4
2.1
60. 9
1.7
17.1
47.7
39.7
12. 6
34.9
1.8
61.5
1.8
23.4
. 1
47.5
34.3
18.2
32.8
2.1
62.1
3.1
28.3
. 0
50.9
32.3
16.8
30.1
2.0
65.0
2.9
33.9
.3
48.6
36.3
15.1
26.5
2.3
68.0
3.2
41.2
. 6
50.8
33. 4
15.9
22.8
1.7
73. 0
2.6
44.2
. 9
47.4
35.5
17. 0
21.8
2.0
75.0
1.2
51.6
2.1
44.2
38.9
16.8
19.2
1.8
78.7
.3
60.6
1.5
46.2
32.9
20.9
15.4
1.0
83.5
. 0
65 .5
3.4
44.0
40.6
15.4
10.8
. 9
88.3
. 0
64.1
3.7
43.7
36.1
20.2
September 2008
-------
Table P-76 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 All Marketing Groups' Vans
CEAR
< FUEL ECONOMY -
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1975
13.1
10.6
11.9
11.1
4196
318
143
13. 9
1976
13.9
11.1
12.8
11.8
4200
324
146
13.7
1977
14 .7
11.9
13.3
12.5
4252
332
152
13.3
1978
14 .2
11.6
12.7
12.1
4250
329
149
13. 4
1979
13.5
11.1
12.1
11.5
4541
322
144
14. 6
1980
16.6
13.3
15.4
14.1
4353
288
131
15.2
1981
17.5
14.0
16.0
14.8
4324
284
129
15.3
1982
17.3
13. 9
15.9
14.7
4342
287
132
15.2
1983
17.7
14.1
16.5
15.1
4414
294
136
15.0
1984
18.9
15.0
17.7
16.1
4075
249
126
14.9
1985
19.5
15.5
18.1
16.5
3975
236
129
14.3
1986
20.6
16.1
19.4
17.5
3998
228
127
14.5
1987
20.9
16.2
19.8
17.7
3972
226
142
13.3
1988
21.2
16.2
20.3
17. 9
4053
229
147
13. 0
1989
21.1
16.1
20.2
17. 8
4057
225
146
13.1
1990
21.2
16.0
20.4
17. 8
4095
225
149
13. 0
1991
21.4
16.0
20.5
17. 9
4133
220
149
13.1
1992
21.5
15.9
20.5
17. 9
4151
222
152
12.9
1993
21.9
16.0
21.0
18.2
4105
218
155
12. 6
1994
21.5
15.7
20.5
17. 8
4156
226
159
12.4
1995
21.8
15.8
21.0
18.1
4110
231
159
12.3
1996
22 .2
15.9
21.4
18.3
4195
220
171
11.8
1997
22.1
15.7
21.2
18.2
4241
220
174
CO
1998
22 .7
16.0
22.0
18.7
4183
217
180
11.3
1999
22 .3
15. 6
21.5
18.3
4307
223
183
11.4
2000
22.8
15.9
21.8
18. 6
4276
217
183
11.4
2001
22.1
15.3
21.1
18.0
4519
229
202
10.9
2002
23.0
15.9
21.9
18.7
4394
218
199
10.8
2003
23.5
16.0
22.2
19.0
4393
219
202
10.7
2004
23.7
16.0
22.7
19.2
4487
219
214
10.4
2005
24.0
16.1
22.8
19.3
4430
216
209
10.5
2006
24.3
16.2
23.1
19.5
4475
216
211
10.5
2007
24.3
16.2
23.2
19.6
4461
220
225
10.0
2008
24.5
16.4
23.4
19.7
4561
220
224
10.4
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
HP/
HP/
TON-
CID
WT
MPG
448
. 0341
28.1
447
. 0347
29.7
458
. 0359
31.7
453
. 0351
30.8
451
. 0317
31.3
459
. 0299
36.4
458
. 0298
38.0
463
. 0303
38.0
466
. 0307
39.7
538
. 0307
39.3
578
. 0322
39.3
588
. 0317
41.5
657
. 0356
41.7
671
. 0363
43.2
680
. 0360
43.2
682
. 0363
43.8
701
. 0359
44.5
705
. 0366
44.8
730
. 0378
45.0
721
. 0383
44.9
708
. 0387
45.0
790
. 0408
46.8
802
. 0410
46.9
840
. 0431
47.7
832
. 0424
48.1
857
. 0428
48.9
897
. 0447
50.3
929
. 0455
50.9
929
. 0459
51.7
988
. 0477
53.4
976
. 0472
53.2
984
. 0472
54.4
029
. 0503
54.3
021
. 0490
56.1
September 2008
TOP
SPEED
113
114
116
115
111
108
108
109
109
108
110
109
114
116
115
116
115
116
118
119
119
122
123
125
125
125
129
129
130
133
132
132
136 1
135 1
P-151
-------
Table P-76 (Continued)
Percent of All Vans:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
1975
23.3
.2
1976
20.5
.3
1977
14.3
. 4
1978
13. 0
. 4
1979
14.8
6.8
1.8
1980
26.0
39.0
6.5
1981
.3
21.9
46.6
4.6
1982
15.7
45.8
3.0
1.8
1983
.2
12.0
59.3
3.5
4.5
1984
22.3
15.5
45. 6
6.6
3.1
1.2
1985
30.4
.3
10.0
47.4
6.3
2.9
.3
1986
24.4
1.3
8.5
60.1
21.8
16.3
. 4
1987
27.5
1.9
6.6
67. 6
45.8
30.2
. 1
1988
36.3
. 8
3.7
78.7
56.9
42.8
. 1
1989
34.4
.7
2.9
76.5
58.1
41.8
. 1
1990
46.8
6.6
1.5
93.5
58.1
41.9
. 1
1991
38.2
10.9
1.3
96.5
63.3
36.6
. 1
1992
45.4
5.5
1.6
96.4
71.9
28.1
. 1
1993
49.8
4.5
1.2
97.2
79.0
21.0
1994
52.3
6.4
.5
97. 4
81.2
18.8
1995
61.3
9.1
. 1
98.2
87.4
12. 6
1996
73. 8
2.3
. 0
98.4
100. 0
1997
64.7
4.7
99. 6
100. 0
1998
78.3
3.2
100. 0
100. 0
1999
76.0
2.7
100. 0
100. 0
2000
80.6
2.7
100. 0
100. 0
2001
69.3
8.7
100. 0
100. 0
2002
84.3
3.0
100. 0
100. 0
2003
83.5
5.0
100. 0
100. 0
2004
86.6
4.9
100. 0
100. 0
2005
89.2
5.5
94.9
5.1
100. 0
2006
89.8
4.5
95.3
4.7
100. 0
2007
93. 6
3.2
96.3
3.7
100. 0
2008
92.5
3.9
100. 0
100. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-152
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
4
66.1
33. 6
3
61. 4
38.3
4
61. 0
38. 6
4
63. 8
35.8
1
8
65.1
33.1
6
5
53.8
39.7
4
6
56.3
39.2
4
8
58.0
37.2
3
7
60.1
36.2
12
2
62.1
25.7
10
9
70.1
19.0
9
8
74.9
15.3
11
3
76.2
12.5
4
9
83.0
12.1
2
8
86.1
11.1
2
4
89.1
8.5
1
5
91.2
7.3
3
3
8
8
89.1
91. 8
91. 4
7.6
7.4
7.9
95.5
1.0
3.6
4
93. 4
6.3
94.3
1.0
4.7
1
92.1
7.8
93.7
1.1
5.3
0
89.0
11.0
89.6
10.4
0
91.1
8.9
87.5
12.5
8.2
0
88.3
11.7
78.4
21.6
15.0
0
90. 0
10.0
77. 4
22. 6
17.0
0
76.1
23.9
71.6
28.4
20.9
0
91. 0
9.0
74.2
25.8
19. 6
0
91. 0
9.0
47.7
52.3
46.1
0
93.7
6.3
62.0
38.0
25.0
0
96.3
3.7
53.2
46.8
36.4
0
94.0
6.0
49.1
50.9
47.1
0
96.4
3.6
26.4
73. 6
43.9
0
96.7
3.3
September 2008
-------
Table P-77 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 All Marketing Groups' SUVs
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1975
13.0
10.6
11.6
11.0
4202
328
146
13.3
1976
13.8
11.1
12.5
11.7
4312
335
141
14.0
1977
15.1
12.2
13.7
12.8
4232
332
144
13. 6
1978
14.4
11.6
13.2
12.3
4270
339
149
13.2
1979
12 . 6
10.4
10.9
10.6
4509
331
143
14.4
1980
15 .5
12.5
14.1
13.2
4236
295
131
14.7
1981
16.8
13. 4
15.5
14.3
4208
290
132
14.4
1982
17.6
14.0
16.4
15.0
4349
294
129
15.0
1983
19.1
15.0
18.1
16.2
4137
254
124
15.0
1984
19.3
15.1
18.3
16.4
3999
227
120
15.0
1985
19.8
15.4
19.3
16.9
4018
216
122
15.0
1986
20.2
15.7
19.2
17.2
3921
207
127
14.1
1987
20.6
15.9
19.8
17.5
3840
209
137
13.3
1988
20.4
15.7
19.5
17.2
3859
219
144
12.8
1989
20.0
15.2
19.0
16.8
4018
242
155
12.4
1990
19.8
15.0
18.9
16.6
4045
232
154
12.5
1991
20.3
15.3
19.4
17. 0
4070
230
158
12.3
1992
19.9
14.8
18.9
16.6
4085
229
165
12.0
1993
19.9
14.7
18.9
16.5
4157
242
179
11.4
1994
19.7
14. 6
18. 6
16.4
4209
238
177
11.6
1995
19. 6
14.4
18.4
16.2
4255
241
176
11.7
1996
20.0
14.5
19.0
16.5
4283
252
185
11.3
1997
20.1
14. 6
18.8
16.5
4329
246
186
11.3
1998
20.1
14.4
18.9
16.5
4340
246
188
11.3
1999
20.1
14.4
18.8
16.4
4400
246
198
10.9
2000
20.1
14.3
18. 6
16.3
4458
245
200
10.9
2001
20.8
14.8
19.1
16.9
4378
229
206
10.5
2002
20.6
14.4
19.1
16.7
4508
236
222
10.2
2003
20.8
14.5
19.3
16.8
4611
238
226
10.2
2004
20.9
14.4
19.4
16.9
4634
244
234
10.0
2005
21.6
14.8
19.9
17.3
4575
233
234
9.9
2006
22.1
15.2
20.3
17.7
4547
226
230
9.9
2007
22 .7
15.5
20.9
18.2
4618
230
243
9.7
2008
23.3
15.9
21.5
18.7
4567
222
242
9.6
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
HP/ HP/ TON-
CID WT MPG
442
. 0357
27.1
417
. 0331
29.6
431
. 0343
31.8
437
. 0351
30.6
439
. 0322
28.3
453
. 0307
32.9
460
. 0315
35.4
453
. 0303
39.2
520
. 0303
40.1
560
. 0301
39.1
590
. 0301
40.3
657
. 0325
39.9
686
. 0355
39.7
686
. 0373
39.5
666
. 0388
40.3
696
. 0384
40.0
703
. 0389
41.4
737
. 0408
40.6
754
. 0434
41.3
763
. 0423
41.6
755
. 0417
41.7
753
. 0434
42.9
781
. 0430
43.5
789
. 0433
43.7
838
. 0450
44.3
843
. 0448
44.7
929
. 0471
45. 6
960
. 0491
46.4
974
. 0491
48.0
982
. 0506
48.5
022
. 0509
49.4
033
. 0504
50.7
078
. 0524
52. 6
108
. 0527
53.4
September 2008
TOP
SPEED
115
112
113
114
111
109
109
108
108
107
107
110
114
116
119
118
119
121
125
124
123
126
125
126
129
129
131
135
135
137
137 1
137 1
140 1
140 1
P-153
-------
Table P-77 (Continued)
Percent of All SUVs:
MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION
YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
.5
. 0
1.0
1.2
1.8
2.7
2.5
13. 8
9.4
11.5
12.3
17.1
19.6
23.0
26.1
84.1
85.3
82.5
88.5
69.3
88.8
90. 4
79.5
80.7
85.0
80.4
86.1
83.9
83.7
82. 6
83.9
76.6
72.3
59.5
76.1
79.2
71.1
71.6
71.0
65.7
67.1
60.1
63.7
63.2
65.1
64.7
63. 4
60. 0
59.3
41.4
33. 9
35.9
34.3
33.3
43.5
40.9
29.8
32.1
29.3
27.9
37.3
36.8
33. 4
26.1
29.7
21.9
22.4
16.2
16.5
15.3
7.5
11.7
8.2
6.3
5.1
4.3
3.8
2.9
2.7
2.5
2.5
2.1
2.1
. 6
26.2
41.1
42.2
51.2
42.9
60.1
55.8
54.7
59.5
66.4
66.5
76.7
76.9
83.2
81.9
84.7
92.5
87.4
91. 8
93.7
94.9
95.7
96.1 .1
94.8 2.3
95.5 1.7
95.4 2.1
92.7 4.7
92.9 5.0
90.6 7.4
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI DSL
.2
2.3
15.3
6.7
2.3
3.8
1.5
1.5
23.9
25.7
1.5
33. 0
41.8
. 4
47.4
36.7
.3
46.1
47.4
.3
57.3
37.3
.3
59.6
39.8
.2
73.1
26.6
85.7
14.1
86.2
13. 8
85.7
14.3
100. 0
. 0
100. 0
. 0
100. 0
. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
100. 0
. 0
CO
.2
00
(?)
.2
99. 9
. 1
97. 6
. 4
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-154
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
84.4
15. 6
83.6
16.4
75.7
24.3
76.7
1.5
21.7
71.5
1.8
26.6
75.1
1.1
23.8
59.7
1.2
39.2
52.1
1.0
46.9
45.7
. 9
53.4
43.8
. 4
55.4
. 4
35.1
3.4
61. 4
.2
26.8
5.3
67. 8
. 1
34.1
2.4
63.5
26.8
1.3
71.9
VEHICLE SIZE
WT HYBRID SMALL MID LARGE
28.6
65.7
5.7
24.5
68.9
6.6
25.4
68.5
6.1
23.9
70.9
5.1
26.1
46.7
27.2
32.8
54.4
12.8
31.3
58.3
10.4
26.2
60. 4
13. 4
19.1
70.4
10.6
23.2
69. 0
7.8
15.7
76.5
7.8
22.9
69. 6
7.5
29.2
64.3
6.5
29.8
63.1
7.1
24.6
67. 4
8.0
26.8
63.1
10.2
12.4
82. 6
5.0
12.8
79.7
7.5
11.0
79.2
9.8
11.6
78.0
10.4
10.4
76.9
12.7
6.4
80.9
12.7
20.0
57.2
22.8
12.2
62.9
24.9
3.2
11.1
62.3
26.6
3.0
12.7
59.3
28.0
13.4
11.3
56.4
32.3
24.0
8.5
43.0
48.5
31.7
6.4
50.8
42.7
35 .5
5.4
53.1
41.5
45 .5
.3
5.3
50.9
43.8
54.9
2.7
3.5
56.4
40.1
52 .5
1.4
3.8
50.1
46.1
56.8
1.9
2.9
55.5
41.5
September 2008
-------
Table P-78 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 All Marketing Groups' Pickups
YEAR
<
FUEL ECONOMY
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1975
14.0
11.1
13.1
11.9
4012
306
141
13.5
1976
14 . 6
11.7
13. 4
12.4
4122
316
139
13. 9
1977
16.0
12.9
14.5
13. 6
4092
313
146
13.3
1978
15 .7
12.8
14.1
13.3
4104
306
144
13. 4
1979
15 .5
12.7
13. 9
13.2
4142
287
136
14.2
1980
19.4
15.5
17. 9
16.5
3740
236
118
14.4
1981
21.0
16.7
19.5
17. 9
3679
237
115
14.5
1982
21.7
17.2
20.3
18.5
3629
228
117
14.3
1983
22 .2
17.5
20.9
18.9
3544
212
112
14.4
1984
21.5
16.9
20.2
18.3
3619
215
114
14.5
1985
21.4
16.9
20.1
18.2
3642
221
123
13.7
1986
22 .2
17.5
20.8
18.9
3574
206
120
13.7
1987
22 .5
17.5
21.2
19.0
3526
202
123
13. 4
1988
21.5
16.5
20.4
18.1
3737
229
138
12.9
1989
21.2
16.2
20.0
17. 8
3803
236
143
12.7
1990
20.7
15.7
19.7
17. 4
3928
247
152
12.4
1991
21.7
16.3
20.7
18.2
3779
232
146
12.4
1992
20.9
15.5
20.0
17.5
3976
245
151
12.5
1993
21.1
15. 6
20.2
17. 6
3996
244
156
12.2
1994
21.0
15.5
19.9
17. 4
4056
248
163
12.0
1995
20.4
14.9
19.3
16.9
4182
257
167
12.0
1996
20.8
15.1
19.7
17.1
4190
251
178
11.5
1997
20.4
14.7
19.4
Ch
CO
4415
264
196
11.1
1998
20.7
14.8
19.6
17. 0
4282
252
190
11.2
1999
19.9
14.2
18. 6
16.3
4487
267
205
10.9
2000
20.5
14. 6
18.9
16.6
4340
255
203
10.8
2001
19. 6
13. 9
18.1
15.9
4552
269
216
10.6
2002
19.5
13. 8
17. 8
15.7
4690
271
226
10.4
2003
19.9
14.0
18.2
16.1
4642
264
223
10.5
2004
19. 6
13.7
17. 8
15.7
4939
282
249
10.1
2005
19.7
13. 6
18.1
15.8
4988
284
260
9.8
2006
20.1
13. 9
18.4
16.1
4968
278
256
9.9
2007
20.2
13. 9
18. 6
16.2
5108
286
268
9.7
2008
20.2
13. 9
18.7
16.3
5219
291
283
9.6
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
HP/ HP/ TON-
CID WT MPG
491
. 0351
28.8
466
. 0339
30.9
496
. 0357
33. 4
496
. 0350
33.1
502
. 0327
32.9
549
. 0315
36.7
521
. 0313
39.3
545
. 0322
40.1
566
. 0317
40.0
563
. 0314
39.4
588
. 0336
39.6
623
. 0336
40.1
639
. 0347
40.1
627
. 0365
40.5
633
. 0373
40.5
647
. 0384
41.1
658
. 0385
41.4
644
. 0379
41.8
666
. 0390
42.4
687
. 0401
43.0
687
. 0399
43.1
737
. 0422
43.9
756
. 0439
45.3
773
. 0439
44.6
776
. 0453
44.7
803
. 0462
44.4
812
. 0470
44.7
838
. 0480
45. 6
847
. 0475
46.3
885
. 0501
48.2
917
. 0520
49.1
925
. 0514
49.8
938
. 0522
51.4
967
. 0537
52.7
September 2008
TOP
SPEED
114
112
115
114
111
108
108
109
108
108
110
110
112
115
116
118
117
117
119
121
121
124
127
127
129
130
132
134
133
138
141
140
142
145
P-155
-------
Table P-78 (Continued)
Percent of All Pickups:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
1975
13.5
41.1
1976
20.9
38.8
1977
21.4
35.9
1978
27.0
37. 4
1.2
1979
12. 6
39.9
1.3
2.5
1980
1.8
21.1
58.8
21.9
1.0
4.2
1981
2.3
16.8
57.7
27.5
. 6
7.1
1982
2.2
17.7
53.9
29.5
.2
10.3
1983
1.9
22.1
56.3
28.0
. 1
4.4
1984
. 6
24.7
54.9
29.3
1.0
2.7
1985
25.4
51.6
33.7
11.4
4.5
1.2
1986
25.2
58.4
30.4
21.2
17. 6
. 6
1987
. 0
25.5
58.5
28.9
26.9
32.0
.3
1988
. 0
28.4
51.0
38.8
35.4
48.3
.2
1989
28.9
52.4
41.5
38.8
51.1
.2
1990
27.9
45.8
49.8
52.4
41.4
.2
1991
24.8
52.2
46.4
47.9
48.7
.2
1992
26.3
47.1
52.1
58.0
38. 6
. 1
1993
. 0
27.6
43.9
55.3
61.2
36.7
1994
29.3
40.0
59.0
69.5
29.7
1995
33. 0
39.6
59.5
69.5
30.5
1996
29.3
34.7
64.0
99. 8
.2
1997
34. 6
25.3
74.7
99. 9
. 1
1998
34.8
27.3
71.1
100. 0
. 0
1999
45.3
17.5
81.5
100. 0
. 0
2000
38.4
16.7
82.5
100. 0
2001
38.7
12.0
87.1
100. 0
2002
42.3
9.5
89.6
100. 0
2003
39.4
10.3
88.8
100. 0
2004
46.3
7.0
92.1
100. 0
2005
46.7
5.7
94.3
100. 0
2006
45.8
6.2
93. 8
100. 0
2007
45.2
4.5
95.5
100. 0
2008
48.7
5.4
94. 6
100. 0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-156
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICLE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
11.9
4.2
83.9
9.3
2.9
87.8
11.7
3.4
84.9
11.6
3.3
85.0
16.2
4.6
79.2
31.5
6.8
61.7
25. 6
9.1
65.3
24.0
21.9
54.1
19.2
38.2
42.7
20.7
34.4
44.9
23.9
29.7
46.4
29.4
31.1
39.5
20.5
49.0
30.5
13. 8
42.9
43.3
15.9
39.8
44.4
15.8
32.7
51.5
16.1
45.5
38.4
13.7
38.9
47.4
13.1
37.1
49.7
13. 4
39.0
47.6
94.5
5.5
13.1
30.8
56.0
86.7
4.5
8.7
11.3
35.7
53.0
93.3
5.4
1.3
5.4
28.7
65.9
88.8
11.2
10.8
34.3
54.9
92.3
7.7
8.4
29.9
61.7
87.3
12.7
3.9
29.3
66.8
87.2
12.8
3.2
21.6
75.1
82.2
17. 8
8.3
19.6
72.1
85.5
14.5
7.9
21.3
70.8
67. 6
14.3
18.1
18.9
. 0
6.4
15.1
78.5
59.2
14.0
26.8
39.1
. 0
. 4
9.4
90.2
51.0
14.9
34.2
47.5
. 1
.3
12.5
87.1
60. 9
11.6
27.5
39.1
. 0
. 0
12.4
87.6
59.2
13.2
27.6
40.0
. 0
12.1
87.9
September 2008
-------
Table P-79 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 All Marketing Groups' Trucks
CEAR
< FUEL ECONOMY -
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1975
13.7
10.9
12.7
11.6
4072
311
142
13. 6
1976
14.4
11.5
13.2
12.2
4155
319
141
13. 8
1977
15 . 6
12. 6
14.1
13.3
4135
318
147
13.3
1978
15 .2
12.4
13.7
12.9
4151
314
146
13. 4
1979
14 .7
12.1
13.1
12.5
4252
298
138
14.3
1980
18 . 6
14.8
17.1
15.8
3869
248
121
14.5
1981
20.1
16.0
18. 6
17.1
3806
247
119
14. 6
1982
20.5
16.3
19.0
17. 4
3806
243
120
14.5
1983
20.9
16.5
19.6
17. 8
3763
231
118
14.5
1984
20.5
16.1
19.3
17. 4
3782
224
118
14.7
1985
20.6
16.2
19.4
17.5
3795
224
124
14.1
1986
21.4
16.8
20.2
18.2
3738
211
123
14.0
1987
21.6
16.8
20.5
18.3
3713
210
131
13.3
1988
21.2
16.2
20.2
17. 9
3841
227
141
12.9
1989
20.9
15.9
19.8
17. 6
3921
234
146
12.8
1990
20.7
15. 6
19.8
17. 4
4005
237
151
12. 6
1991
21.3
15.9
20.3
17. 8
3948
228
150
12. 6
1992
20.8
15.5
19.9
17. 4
4056
234
155
12.5
1993
21.0
15.5
20.1
17.5
4073
235
162
12.1
1994
20.8
15.3
19.7
17.2
4125
239
166
12.0
1995
20.5
15.0
19.5
17. 0
4184
244
168
12.0
1996
20.8
15.1
19.9
17.2
4225
243
179
11.5
1997
20.6
14.8
19.5
17. 0
4344
248
187
11.4
1998
20.9
14.9
19.8
17.1
4283
242
187
11.2
1999
20.5
14. 6
19.2
16.7
4412
249
197
11.0
2000
20.8
14.7
19.4
16.9
4375
242
197
11.0
2001
20.6
14. 6
19.1
16.7
4463
243
209
10.6
2002
20.6
14.4
19.1
16.7
4546
244
219
10.4
2003
20.9
14. 6
19.3
16.9
4586
243
221
10.4
2004
20.8
14.3
19.2
16.7
4710
252
236
10.0
2005
21.4
14. 6
19.8
17.2
4668
244
237
10.0
2006
21.8
14.9
20.1
17.5
4665
240
235
10.0
2007
22.1
15.1
20.4
17.7
4741
245
248
9.7
2008
22 .5
15.3
20.9
18.1
4742
240
251
9.7
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
HP/
HP/
TON-
CID
WT
MPG
476
. 0349
28.4
458
. 0340
30.5
482
. 0356
33. 0
481
. 0351
32.4
486
. 0325
32.1
528
. 0313
36.3
508
. 0311
38.8
524
. 0317
39.7
543
. 0313
39.9
557
. 0310
39.3
586
. 0326
39.6
621
. 0330
40.4
654
. 0351
40.5
650
. 0366
40.9
653
. 0372
41.2
668
. 0377
41.8
681
. 0379
42.2
685
. 0382
42.4
710
. 0398
42.9
717
. 0403
43.0
715
. 0401
43.2
757
. 0423
44.3
775
. 0429
44.9
795
. 0435
44.9
814
. 0446
45.3
832
. 0448
45. 6
882
. 0466
46.1
918
. 0482
46.9
927
. 0481
48.0
953
. 0501
49.0
983
. 0505
50.1
992
. 0502
51.0
031
. 0521
52.5
060
. 0526
53.5
September 2008
TOP
SPEED
114
113
115
114
111
108
108
109
108
108
110
110
113
115
116
117
117
118
120
121
121
124
126
126
128
128
131
134
134
137
137
137
140 1
141 1
P-157
-------
Table P-79 (Continued)
Percent of All Trucks:
MODEL
YEAR
DRIVETRAIN
FRONT 4WD
TRANSMISSION
MANUAL LOCK
CVT
FUEL METERING
GDI PORT TBI
DSL
1975
17.1
37. 0
. 1
1976
22.9
34.8
. 1
1977
23.6
32.0
. 1
1978
29.0
32.4
. 1
. 8
1979
18.0
35.2
2.1
.3
1.8
1980
1.4
25.0
53.0
24.6
1.7
3.5
1981
1.9
20.1
51.6
31.1
1.1
5.6
1982
1.7
20.0
45.7
33.2
.7
9.3
1983
1.4
25.8
45.9
36.1
. 6
4.7
1984
4.9
31.0
42.1
35.1
1.9
. 6
2.3
1985
7.1
30.6
37.1
42.2
8.7
3.5
1.1
1986
5.9
30.3
42.7
42.0
21.8
18.7
.7
1987
7.4
31.5
39.9
44.8
33.3
33. 6
.3
1988
9.0
33.3
35.5
53.1
43.3
44.4
.2
1989
9.9
32.0
32.7
56.8
45.9
47.6
.2
1990
15.5
31.3
28.1
67. 4
55.2
40.8
.2
1991
9.7
35.3
31.0
67. 4
55.0
43.2
. 1
1992
13. 6
31.4
27.3
71.5
65.9
32.5
. 1
1993
15.1
29.4
23.3
75.7
73. 4
25.7
1994
13.1
36.9
23.5
75.1
77.2
22.5
1995
17.7
40.7
20.5
78. 6
79.8
20.2
1996
20.1
37.1
15. 6
83.5
99. 9
. 1
1997
13. 9
43.2
14. 6
85.0
100. 0
. 0
1998
18.7
42.0
13. 4
86.0
100. 0
. 0
1999
17. 4
44.6
9.1
90.5
100. 0
2000
19.4
42.4
8.0
91.7
100. 0
2001
18.5
43.8
6.3
93. 4
100. 0
2002
18.5
47.6
4.9
94.7 .0
100. 0
2003
19.2
46.5
4.8
93.7 1.2
100. 0
2004
17.2
52.3
3.7
95.0 1.0
100. 0
. 0
2005
25.7
48.3
3.0
95.0 2.0
99. 9
. 1
2006
25.1
48.4
3.2
93.5 3.3
99. 9
. 1
2007
24.8
48.9
2.5
94.1 3.4
99. 9
. 1
2008
26.6
50.2
2.7
92.7 4.6
1.2 98.5
.2
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
P-158
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
91. 6
.3
8.1
87.6
2.0
10.4
86.3
2.4
11.3
84.2
. 6
15.2
82.7
. 8
16.6
80.1
.5
19.4
72.4
. 6
27.1
64.4
. 6
35.1
62.8
.5
36.7
51.6
4.6
43.6
47.2
5.9
46.9
38. 6
7.4
54.0
43.7
4.8
51.6
35.5
4.3
60.2
VEHICLE SIZE
WT HYBRID SMALL MID LARGE
10.9
24.2
64.9
9.0
20.3
70.7
11.0
20.4
68.5
10.9
22.7
66.3
15.2
19.5
65.3
28.4
17. 6
54.0
23.2
19.1
57.7
21.1
31.0
47.9
16.6
45.9
37. 6
19.5
46.4
34.1
19.2
48.5
32.3
23.5
48.5
28.0
19.9
59.6
20.6
15.0
57.2
27.8
13. 9
58.9
27.2
13. 4
57.1
29.6
11.4
67.2
21.4
10.4
8.8
64.0
65.3
25. 6
25.9
9.8
63.1
27.2
8.6
63.5
27.9
6.5
67.1
26.4
10.1
52.5
37.3
8.9
58.7
32.4
3.1
7.7
55.8
36.5
4.7
6.7
55.7
37.5
9.3
6.6
47.6
45.9
16.2
7.1
43.5
49.4
19.8
5.9
47.8
46.3
31.6
. 0
5.1
46.2
48.7
39.8
. 1
2.8
47.3
49.9
49.6
1.4
2.0
49.0
49.0
47.9
. 9
2.2
44.8
53.0
50.8
1.2
1.8
48.5
49.7
September 2008
-------
Table P-80 Characteristics of 1975 to 2008 All Marketing Groups' All
CEAR
< FUEL ECONOMY -
>
WGHT
ENGINE
0-60
LAB
ADJ
ADJ
ADJ
LB
CID
HP
TIME
55/45
CITY
HWY
COMP
1975
15 .3
12.0
14. 6
13.1
4060
293
137
14.1
1976
16.7
13.2
15.7
14.2
4079
294
135
14.3
1977
17.7
14.0
16.6
15.1
3982
287
136
13. 8
1978
18 . 6
14.7
17.5
15.8
3715
266
129
13. 6
1979
18 .7
14.9
17. 4
15.9
3655
252
124
13. 9
1980
22 .5
17. 6
21.5
19.2
3228
198
104
14.3
1981
24.1
18.8
23.0
20.5
3202
193
102
14.4
1982
24.7
19.2
23.9
21.1
3202
188
103
14.4
1983
24 . 6
19.0
23.9
21.0
3257
193
107
14.1
1984
24 . 6
19.1
24.0
21.0
3262
190
109
14.0
1985
25.0
19.3
24.4
21.3
3271
189
114
13.5
1986
25 .7
19.8
25.0
21.8
3238
180
114
13. 4
1987
25.9
19.8
25.3
22.0
3221
175
118
13.1
1988
25.9
19.6
25.2
21.9
3283
180
123
12.8
1989
25.4
19.1
24.8
21.4
3351
185
129
12.5
1990
25 .2
18.7
24.6
21.2
3426
185
135
12.2
1991
25.4
18.8
24.7
21.2
3410
184
138
12.1
1992
24.9
18.2
24.4
20.8
3512
191
145
11.8
1993
25.1
18.2
24.4
20.9
3519
191
147
11.8
1994
24 . 6
17. 8
23.8
20.4
3603
197
152
11.7
1995
24.7
17.7
24.1
20.5
3613
196
158
11.3
1996
24.8
17. 6
24.0
20.4
3659
197
164
11.1
1997
24.5
17. 4
23.6
20.1
3727
199
169
11.0
1998
24.5
17.2
23.6
20.1
3744
199
171
10.9
1999
24.1
16.9
23.0
19.7
3835
203
179
10.7
2000
24.3
16.9
23.0
19.8
3821
200
181
10.6
2001
24.2
16.8
22.8
19.6
3879
201
187
10.5
2002
24.1
16.6
22.5
19.4
3951
203
195
10.3
2003
24.3
16.7
22.7
19.6
3999
204
199
10.2
2004
24.0
16.3
22.4
19.3
4111
212
211
9.9
2005
24.8
16.8
23.1
19.9
4059
205
209
9.9
2006
25 .2
17. 0
23.4
20.1
4067
204
213
9.8
2007
25 .7
17.3
23.9
20.6
4094
204
218
9.7
2008
26.0
17.5
24.2
20.8
4117
203
222
9.6
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
HP/
HP/
TON-
CID
WT
MPG
507
. 0335
31.6
493
. 0328
34.4
510
. 0339
35.7
525
. 0344
35.1
532
. 0335
34.7
574
. 0320
36.6
580
. 0318
38.9
593
. 0320
40.0
599
. 0327
40.5
618
. 0332
40.7
650
. 0347
41.4
678
. 0351
42.0
710
. 0361
42.1
726
. 0372
42.9
743
. 0382
43.0
781
. 0394
43.5
796
. 0402
43.6
807
. 0413
44.1
809
. 0416
44.5
816
. 0420
44.6
857
. 0438
45.2
878
. 0447
45. 6
890
. 0452
45.9
904
. 0457
46.3
921
. 0465
46.5
942
. 0472
46.7
968
. 0480
47.3
994
. 0493
47.9
007
. 0496
49.0
026
. 0511
49.7
049
. 0512
50.9
073
. 0522
51.7
094
. 0526
53.4
119
. 0535
54.2
September 2008
TOP
SPEED
112
111
112
112
110
107
107
107
108
109
110
111
112
114
115
117
118
120
120
121
123
125
126
126
128
129
130
132
133 1
135 1
135 1
137 1
137 1
139 1
P-159
-------
Table P-80 (Continued)
Percent of All:
MODEL
DRIVETRAIN
TRANSMISSION
FUEL
METERING
YEAR
FRONT
4WD
MANUAL
LOCK
CVT
GDI
PORT
TBI
DSL
1975
5.3
3.3
23.2
4.1
. 0
.2
1976
4.6
4.8
20.9
2.5
. 0
.2
1977
5.5
4.7
19.8
3.4
. 0
. 4
1978
7.4
6.6
23.0
5.2
3.9
. 0
. 9
1979
9.2
4.3
25.1
6.7
3.7
. 1
2.0
1980
25.0
4.9
35.4
17. 8
5.2
. 8
4.3
1981
31.0
4.0
34.1
33. 0
5.1
2.4
5.9
1982
37. 0
4.6
32.8
47.8
5.8
8.0
5.6
1983
37. 0
8.1
30.8
52.1
7.3
14.8
2.7
1984
42.1
8.2
28.4
52.8
11.9
18.7
1.8
1985
47.8
9.3
26.5
54.5
18.2
24.8
. 9
1986
52. 6
9.3
29.8
53.5
32.5
25.7
. 4
1987
57.7
9.6
29.1
55.4
39.9
31.4
.3
1988
60. 0
10.5
27.6
62.2
50.6
34.3
. 1
1989
60.2
10.5
24.6
65.5
. 1
57.3
33. 9
. 1
1990
63. 8
10.1
22.2
71.2
. 0
70.8
27.0
. 1
1991
59.6
12.3
23.9
71.6
. 0
70.6
28.7
. 1
1992
58.4
11.2
20.7
74.8
. 0
81.6
17. 8
. 1
1993
59.9
11.3
19.8
76.5
. 0
85.0
14. 6
1994
55. 6
15.2
19.5
77. 6
87.7
12.1
. 0
1995
57.6
16.2
17. 9
80.7
91. 6
8.4
. 0
1996
60. 0
15.7
15.1
83.5
. 0
99.3
.7
. 1
1997
55.8
19.3
14.0
85.5
. 0
99.5
.5
. 1
1998
56.4
20.1
12.8
86.7
. 0
99. 8
. 1
. 1
1999
55.8
21.3
10.1
89.4
. 0
99. 9
. 1
. 1
2000
55.5
20.2
9.7
89.5
. 0
99. 8
. 0
. 1
2001
53.8
21.9
9.0
90.2
. 1
99. 9
. 1
2002
52.7
25.0
8.1
91.3
.2
99. 8
.2
2003
50.7
25.0
8.0
90. 8
1.1
99. 8
.2
2004
47.7
29.8
6.8
91. 8
1.2
99. 9
. 1
2005
53.0
26.8
6.2
91. 4
2.3
99.7
.3
2006
51.9
25.8
6.5
90. 6
2.8
99. 6
. 4
2007
54.0
26.1
5.8
87.5
6.7
99. 9
. 1
2008
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015 P-160
NUMBER OF VALVES
TWO THREE FOUR FIVE
WT HYBRID
VEHICIiE SIZE
SMALL MID LARGE
46.8
23.5
29.8
45. 6
24.2
30.3
43.7
23.7
32.5
37. 0
31.7
31.2
37.3
30.9
31.7
50.1
31.6
18.3
46.6
33. 4
20.0
49.6
31.0
19.5
44.9
34.9
20.1
48.4
33. 4
18.2
46.5
33. 9
19.7
49.3
33.7
17. 0
51.4
34.1
14.5
50.0
32.7
17.3
44.7
37. 6
17.7
44.9
37.2
17. 8
45.3
39.4
15.2
41.1
39.9
19.0
39.8
42.4
17. 8
38.8
41.0
20.1
64.4
. 8
34.8
. 0
6.1
38.8
41.9
19.3
60.7
1.3
38.0
. 0
7.0
35.2
46.0
18.7
60. 4
1.6
37. 9
. 1
6.5
36.0
39.9
24.1
59.1
1.1
39.4
.5
10.1
31.2
47.9
20.8
56.6
1.5
41.0
. 9
10.8
29.7
46.9
23.4
55.2
1.2
42. 6
1.0
15.0
. 0
29.2
43.9
26.9
51.0
1.4
46.0
1.6
19. 6
. 0
30.4
39.4
30.2
46.7
1.3
50.5
1.5
25 .3
.2
28.5
39.8
31.7
44.5
1.4
52.5
1.6
30.6
.3
28.5
40.5
31.0
37.7
3.2
57.7
1.4
37.6
.5
25.4
41.1
33.5
34.4
3.9
61.1
. 6
45.8
1.1
23.7
43.1
33.2
28.3
4.4
67.1
.2
55.4
1.5
25.4
40.5
34.1
28.8
2.8
68.4
. 0
57.2
2.2
24.2
42. 6
33.2
September 2008
-------
Light-Duty Automotive Technology and
Appendix Q
Characteristics of Fleets Comprised of
Fuel Efficient Vehicles
This technical report does not necessarily represent final EPA decisions or
positions. It is intended to present technical analysis of issues using data
that are currently available. The purpose in the release of such reports is to
facilitate the exchange of technical information and to inform the public of
technical developments.
Fuel Economy Trends
1975 Through 2008
~
#
Compliance and Innovative Strategies Division
and
Transportation and Climate Division
Offce of T ransportation and Air Quality
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
NOTICE
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
EPA420-R-08-015
September 2008
-------
Table Q-l
Best Four Model Year 2008 Cars by Vehicle Size Class
< FUEL ECONOMY :
LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
Two-Seater
MinicompactJ
Subcompact
Compact
Midsize
Large
Small
Wagon
Midsize
Wagon
Large
Wagon
Daimler AG SMART FORTWO 49.5 33.4 40.5 37.1
Audi TT ROADSTER 32.6 22.1 28.8 25.5
Mazda MX-5 30.5 20.6 27.4 24.0
Lotus ELISE-EXIGE 29.9 20.3 26.6 23.5
BMW MINI COOPER 38.6 25.7 34.1 29.9
Audi TT COUPE 34.2 22.8 31.0 26.9
BMW MINI COOPER CONVERTIBLE 32.0 21.2 29.6 25.3
Volkswagen NEW BEETLE CONVERTIBLE 29.9 19.7 28.3 23.8
Toyota YARIS 42.4 28.9 35.3 32.2
BMW MINI CLUBMAN 38.6 25.8 34.2 30.0
Toyota SCION XD 38.2 26.2 32.3 29.4
Honda CIVIC 37.9 24.9 34.8 29.7
Honda CIVIC HYBRID 58.8 4 0.2 45.3 42.9
Toyota COROLLA 39.2 26.1 34.8 30.4
Kia RIO 38.2 25.4 34.0 29.7
Hyundai ACCENT 37.1 24.8 33.0 28.9
Toyota PRIUS 65.8 47.7 45.1 46.2
Nissan ALTIMA HYBRID 4 6.7 35.1 33.0 33.9
Toyota CAMRY HYBRID 45.9 33.4 34.1 33.8
Nissan VERSA 37.1 25.2 32.0 28.7
Honda ACCORD 4DR SEDAN 31.3 20.4 30.2 25.0
Hyundai SONATA 30.0 19.6 28.9 24.0
Toyota AVALON 29.4 19.3 28.1 23.5
Ford TAURUS FWD 28.0 18.0 28.3 22.7
Honda FIT 39.9 27.1 34.0 30.6
General Motors VIBE 37.1 25.2 31.9 28.6
Suzuki SX4 33.1 22.3 29.7 26.0
General Motors HHR PANEL FWD 32.5 21.7 29.7 25.6
Mazda MAZDA 5 30.7 20.9 27.3 24.1
Volkswagen PASSAT 29.8 19.7 28.1 23.8
Subaru OUTBACK AWD 28.7 19.5 26.1 22.7
Kia RONDO 27.7 18.5 26.1 22.1
Mercedes-Benz R320 CDI 4 MAT IC 26.9 18.4 24.3 21.3
Chrysler PACIFICA FWD 22.5 14.8 22.4 18.4
Chrysler PACIFICA AWD 21.6 14.1 21.8 17.7
Mercedes-Benz R350 21.5 14.8 19.6 17.2
*Note: BMW MINI COOPER includes turbocharged version. BMW MINI COOPER CONVERTIBLE includes
turbocharged version. BMW MINI CLUBMAN includes turbocharged version.
EPA420-R-08-015 Q-l September 200f
-------
Table Q-2
Best Four Model Year 2008 Trucks by Vehicle Size Class
< FUEL ECONOMY >
LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ
55/45 CITY HWY COMP
Midsize Pickup
Large Pickup
Midsize Van
Large Van
Small Utility
Midsize Utility
Large Utility
Mazda B2300 2WD 28.8 19.9 25.2 22.6
Toyota TOYOTA TACOMA 2WD 25.3 17.6 22.3 20.0
General Motors CANYON 2WD 25.1 17.0 23.1 20.0
General Motors CANYON 4WD 22.9 15.6 21.4 18.4
Isuzu 1-290 2WD EXT CAB 26.2 17.9 23.8 20.8
Isuzu 1-370 2WD EXT CAB 23.4 15.8 22.0 18.8
Nissan FRONTIER 2WD 23.1 16.0 20.8 18.4
Ford RANGER 2WD 23.0 15.7 21.0 18.4
Toyota SIENNA 2WD 26.5 17.9 24.4 21.1
Honda ODYSSEY 2WD 25.3 16.6 24.8 20.5
Chrysler CARAVAN 2WD 24.7 16.4 23.6 19.9
Ford TAURUS X FWD 24.6 16.3 23.6 19.8
General Motors G1500-2500 VAN 2WD 21.0 14.5 19.2 16.8
General Motors H1500-2500 VAN AWD 19.1 13.4 17.0 15.3
General Motors G1500-2500 EXPRESS 2WD 17.8 12.4 16.1 14.3
General Motors H1500 EXPRESS AWD 17.8 12.4 16.0 14.3
Subaru FORESTER AWD 28.8 19.7 25.5 22.6
Chrysler WRANGLER 2WD 22.1 15.1 20.4 17.7
Chrysler WRANGLER 4WD 21.6 15.1 19.2 17.2
Ford ESCAPE HYBRID FWD 43.7 34.3 29.6 31.5
Ford ESCAPE HYBRID 4WD 38.2 2 9.4 27.2 28.1
General Motors VUE HYBRID 36.7 24.8 32.2 28.5
Toyota HIGHIANDER HYBRID 4WD 35.2 27.3 25.1 26.0
General Motors C1500 TAHOE HYBRID 2WD 28.2 21.1 21.7 21.5
Mercedes-Benz ML320 CDI 4 MAT IC 26.9 18.5 24.0 21.3
Mercedes-Benz GL320 CDI 4 MAT IC 26.6 18.2 23.9 21.0
General Motors K1500 TAHOE HYBRID 4WD 26.3 19.7 20.4 20.1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
Q-2
September 200f
-------
Table Q-3
MY2008 Best in Car Size Class Role Models
Inertia
Engine
Two Seater
MiniCompact
SubCompact
Compact
tank
Manufacturer
Model Name
Weight
Drive
HP
CID
Trai
1
Daimler AG
SMART FORTWO
2000
Rear
70
61
L5
2
Audi
TT Roadster
3500
Front
200
121
L6
3
Mazda
MX-5
2750
Rear
170
122
M5
4
Mazda
MX-5
2750
Rear
170
122
M6
5
Porsche
BOXSTER
3000
Rear
245
164
M5
6
Lotus
ELISE-EXIGE
2250
Rear
190
110
M6
7
Mazda
MX-5
2750
Rear
166
122
L6
8
Lotus
ELISE-EXIGE
2250
Rear
260
110
M6
9
Lotus
ELISE-EXIGE
2250
Rear
220
110
M6
10
General Motors
SOLTICE
3500
Rear
260
122
M5
11
Porsche
BOXSTER
3000
Rear
245
164
M6
12
BMW
Z4 3.01
3500
Rear
215
183
L6
1
BMW
MINI COOPER
2750
Front
120
98
M6
2
BMW
MINI COOPER S
3000
Front
175
98
M6
3
BMW
MINI COOPER
3000
Front
120
98
L6
4
BMW
MINI COOPER S
3000
Front
175
98
L6
5
BMW
MINI COOPER CONVERTIBLE
3000
Front
114
98
M5
6
Audi
TT COUPE
3000
Front
200
121
L6
7
BMW
MINI COOPER CONVERTIBLE
3000
Front
114
98
CVT
8
BMW
MINI COOPER S CONVERTIBLE
3000
Front
168
98
M6
9
VW
NEW BEETLE CONVERTIBLE
3500
Front
150
151
M5
10
VW
NEW BEETLE CONVERTIBLE
3500
Front
150
151
L6
11
BMW
MINI COOPER S CONVERTIBLE
3000
Front
168
98
L6
12
Mitsubishi
ECLIPSE SPYDER
3500
Front
162
145
M5
1
Toyota
YARIS
2500
Front
106
91
M5
2
BMW
MINI CLUBMAN
3000
Front
120
98
M6
3
Toyota
YARIS
2500
Front
106
91
L4
4
Toyota
SCION XD
3000
Front
128
110
M5
5
Honda
CIVIC
2750
Front
140
110
M5
6
BMW
MIN CLUBMAN S
3000
Front
175
98
M6
7
Honda
CIVIC
3000
Front
140
110
L5
8
Honda
CIVIC
3000
Front
140
110
M5
9
BMW
MINI CLUBMAN
3000
Front
120
98
L6
10
Toyota
SCION XD
3000
Front
128
110
L4
11
Honda
CIVIC
3000
Front
113
110
L5
12
General Motors
AVEO 5
2750
Front
103
98
M5
1
Honda
CIVIC HYBRID
3000
Front
110
82
CVT
2
Toyota
COROLLA
2750
Front
126
110
M5
3
Toyota
COROLLA
2750
Front
126
110
L4
4
Kia
RIO
2750
Front
110
98
M5
5
Hyundai
ACCENT
2750
Front
110
98
M5
6
Kia
RIO
2750
Front
110
98
L4
7
Ford
FOCUS FWD
2750
Front
138
121
M5
8
Ford
FOCUS FWD
2750
Front
138
121
L4
9
Ford
FOCUS FWD
3000
Front
138
121
M5
10
Hyundai
ACCENT
2750
Front
110
98
L4
11
Ford
FOCUS FWD
3000
Front
138
121
L4
12
Mazda
MAZDA 3
3000
Front
150
122
M5
Lab
55/45
MPG
49.5
32 . 6
31 .3
31 .2
30 . 8
30 . 6
29.5
29.4
29.4
29.3
29.1
28 . 6
42.5
39.2
38.5
35 .1
34 . 4
34.2
33.1
31. 4
30.0
29.9
29.8
28.7
42.8
42.5
42.3
39.3
39.2
39.2
39.1
39.1
38.5
37 . 9
37.5
36.1
58 . 8
41.8
39.1
39.0
38 . 9
38 . 0
37 . 6
37.2
36.9
36.7
36.4
36.1
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
Q-3
September 2008
-------
Table Q-3 (continued)
Inertia Engine Lab
Size Class :
Rank
Manufacturer
Model Name
Weight
Drive
HP
CID
Trans
55/45
MPG
Midsize
1
Toyota
PRIUS
3000
Front
76
91
CVT
65 . 8
2
Nissan
ALTIMA HYBRID
3500
Front
163
152
CVT
46.7
3
Toyota
CAMRY HYBRID
4000
Front
147
144
CVT
45.9
4
Nissan
VERSA
3000
Front
122
110
CVT
39.2
5
Nissan
VERSA
3000
Front
120
110
M6
37.2
6
Nissan
SENTRA
3000
Front
140
122
CVT
37 .1
7
Hyundai
EIANTRA
3000
Front
138
121
L4
36.9
8
Hyundai
EIANTRA
3000
Front
138
121
M5
36.3
9
Nissan
SENTRA
3000
Front
140
122
M6
35.8
10
Nissan
VERSA
3000
Front
120
110
L4
35.8
11
General Motors
MALIBU HYBRID
4000
Front
170
145
L4
35.7
12
Kia
SPECTRA
3000
Front
132
121
L4
35.4
Large
1
Honda
ACCORD 4 DOOR SEDAN
3500
Front
177
144
M5
33.1
2
H^ndai
SONATA
3500
Front
162
144
M5
32.7
3
Honda
ACCORD 4 DOOR SEDAN
3500
Front
177
144
L5
32.0
4
H^ndai
SONATA
3500
Front
162
144
L4
32.0
5
Toyota
AVALON
4000
Front
268
211
L6
29.4
6
Honda
ACCORD 4 DOOR SEDAN
4000
Front
268
212
L5
29.3
7
H^ndai
SONATA
4000
Front
234
204
L5
28.7
8
General Motors
IMPAIA
4000
Front
210
214
L4
28.3
9
Ford
TAURUS FWD
4000
Front
265
213
L6
28 . 0
10
General Motors
IMPAIA
4000
Front
240
237
L4
27 . 9
11
Chrysler
300-SRT-8
4000
Rear
200
165
L4
27.5
12
Hyundai
AZERA
4000
Front
234
204
L5
27 . 4
Small Wagon
1
Honda
FIT
2750
Front
109
91
M5
41.1
2
Honda
FIT
2750
Front
109
91
L5
40.0
3
General Motors
VIBE
3000
Front
126
110
M5
38 . 4
4
General Motors
VIBE
3000
Front
126
110
L4
36.2
5
Suzuki
SX4
3000
Front
143
122
L4
33.2
6
General Motors
HHR PANEL FWD
3500
Front
148
134
L4
32.8
7
Suzuki
SX4
3000
Front
143
122
M5
32.8
8
Audi
A3
3500
Front
200
121
L6
32. 6
9
General Motors
HHR PANEL FWD
3500
Front
175
145
L4
31. 8
10
Toyota
Scion XB
3500
Front
158
144
M5
31.7
11
Toyota
Scion XB
3500
Front
158
144
L4
31.5
12
General Motors
HHR FWD
3500
Front
260
122
M5
31.5
Midsi ze
1
Mazda
MAZDA 5
3500
Front
153
140
M5
31. 6
Wagon
2
VW
PASSAT WAGON
3500
Front
200
121
M6
31.1
3
Mazda
MAZDA 5
3500
Front
153
140
L5
30. 6
4
VW
PASSAT WAGON
4000
Front
200
121
L6
29.7
5
Subaru
OUTBACK WAGON AWD
3500
4wd
170
150
L4
29.2
6
Subaru
OUTBACK WAGON AWD
3500
4wd
175
150
M5
28.3
7
Kia
RONDO
3500
Front
162
144
L4
28.3
8
Saab
9-5 SPORTCOMBI
4000
Front
260
140
M5
27 . 8
9
Chrysler
MAGNUM
4000
Rear
200
165
L4
27 . 5
10
Kia
RONDO
4000
Front
182
162
L5
27 . 2
11
Subaru
OUTBACK WAGON AWD
4000
4wd
243
150
M5
26.2
12
Saab
9-5 SPORTCOMBI
4000
Front
260
140
L5
26.1
Large
1
Daimler AG
R320 CDI 4MATIC
5500
4wd
215
182
L7
26.9
Wagon
2
Chrysler
PACIFICA 2WD
4500
Front
215
231
L4
22.8
3
Chrysler
PACIFICA 2WD
4500
Front
250
241
L6
22.4
4
Chrysler
PACIFICA AWD
5000
4wd
250
241
L6
21. 6
5
Daimler AG
R350 4MATIC
5500
Rear
268
213
L7
21.5
6
Daimler AG
R350 4MATIC
5500
4wd
268
213
L7
21.3
EPA420-R-08-015 Q-4 September 2008
-------
Table Q-4
MY2008 Best in Truck Size Class Role Models
Inertia
Engine
Lab
Size Rank
Manufacturer
Model Name
Weight
Drive
HP
CID
Trans
55/45
Class
MPG
Midsize
1
Ford
RANGER PICKUP
2WD
3500
Rear
143
140
M5
30.3
Pickup
2
Toyota
TACOMA 2WD
3500
Rear
159
164
M5
30.1
3
Toyota
TACOMA 2WD
4000
Rear
159
164
L4
27 . 6
4
Toyota
TACOMA 2WD
3500
Rear
159
164
L4
27 . 6
5
Ford
RANGER PICKUP
2WD
3500
Rear
143
140
L5
26.8
6
General Motors
COLORADO 2WD
3500
Rear
190
178
L4
26.7
7
General Motors
COLORADO 2WD
4000
Rear
190
178
L4
26.4
8
Toyota
TACOMA 2WD
4000
Rear
159
164
M5
26.1
9
General Motors
COLORADO 2WD
4000
Rear
190
178
M5
26.0
10
General Motors
COLORADO 2WD
3500
Rear
190
178
M5
26.0
11
General Motors
COLORADO 4WD
4000
4wd
190
178
L4
24 . 8
12
Toyota
TACOMA 4WD
4000
4wd
159
164
M5
24 . 7
Large
1
Nissan
FRONTIER 2WD
4000
Rear
151
152
M5
27 . 3
Pickup
2
I suzu
1-290 2WD EXT
CAB
4000
Rear
190
178
L4
26.4
3
I suzu
1-290 2WD EXT
CAB
4000
Rear
190
178
M5
26.0
4
Nissan
FRONTIER 2WD
4000
Rear
151
152
L5
24 . 2
5
Ford
RANGER PICKUP
2WD
4000
Rear
148
182
M5
23. 4
6
General Motors
COLORADO CREW
CAB 2 WD
4000
Rear
190
223
L4
23. 4
7
Chrysler
DAKOTA PICKUP
2WD
4500
Rear
215
226
M6
22.7
8
Nissan
FRONTIER 2WD
4500
Rear
261
241
M6
22. 4
9
General Motors
C15 SILVERADO
2WD
4500
Rear
195
262
L4
22.3
10
Chrysler
RAM 1500 PICKUP 2WD
5000
Rear
215
226
M6
22.2
11
General Motors
CI5 SILVERADO
2WD
5000
Rear
310
325
L4
21. 9
12
Nissan
FRONTIER 4WD
4500
4wd
261
241
M6
21. 9
Midsize
1
Toyota
SIENNA 2WD
4000
Front
269
211
L5
28 . 9
Van
2
Toyota
SIENNA 2WD
4500
Front
266
211
L5
26.5
3
Chrysler
CARAVAN 2 WD
5000
Front
253
241
L6
26.0
4
Honda
ODYSSEY 2WD
4500
Front
241
212
L5
25.8
5
Ford
TAURUS X FWD
4500
Front
265
213
L6
24 . 6
6
Nissan
QUEST
4500
Front
240
213
L5
24 .5
7
General Motors
UPIANDER FWD
4500
Front
240
237
L4
24 . 0
8
Honda
ODYSSEY 2WD
4500
Front
244
212
L5
23. 9
9
Chrysler
CARAVAN 2 WD
4500
Front
170
231
L6
23.8
10
Kia
SEDONA
4500
Front
244
231
L5
23.8
11
Toyota
SIENNA 4WD
4500
4wd
266
211
L5
23. 0
12
Ford
TAURUS X AWD
4500
4wd
265
213
L6
22. 8
Large
1
General Motors
G1500-2500 VAN 2WD
5000
Rear
195
262
L4
21. 7
Van
2
General Motors
G1500-2500 VAN 2WD
5500
Rear
301
325
L4
19.6
3
General Motors
H1500-2500 VAN AWD
5500
4wd
301
325
L4
19.1
4
General Motors
G1500-2500 EXPRESS 2WD
6000
Rear
301
325
L4
17 . 8
5
General Motors
H1500 EXPRESS
AWD
6000
4wd
301
325
L4
17 . 8
Small
1
Subaru
FORESTER AWD
3500
4wd
170
150
M5
29.2
Utility
2
Subaru
FORESTER AWD
3500
4wd
173
150
L4
28 . 9
3
Subaru
FORESTER AWD
3500
4wd
230
150
M5
27 .3
4
Subaru
FORESTER AWD
3500
4wd
230
150
L4
26.1
5
Chrysler
WRANGLER 2WD
4000
Rear
190
231
M6
22.8
6
Chrysler
WRANGLER 4WD
4500
4wd
190
231
L4
22.0
7
Chrysler
WRANGLER 2WD
4000
Rear
190
231
L4
21. 9
8
Chrysler
WRANGLER 4WD
4000
4wd
190
231
L4
21.3
9
Chrysler
WRANGLER 4WD
4500
4wd
190
231
M6
21.2
10
Chrysler
WRANGLER 4WD
4000
4wd
190
231
M6
21.2
EPA420-R-08-015 Q-5 September 2008
-------
Table Q-4 (continued)
Inertia
Engine
Lab
Size Rank
Manufacturer
Model Name
Weight
Drive
HP
CID
Trans
55/45
Class
MPG
Midsize
1
Ford
ESCAPE HYBRID FWD
4000
Front
133
140
CVT
43.7
Utility
2
Ford
ESCAPE HYBRID 4WD
4000
4wd
133
140
CVT
38 . 2
3
General Motors
VUE HYBRID
4000
Front
170
145
L4
36.7
4
Toyota
HIGHLANDER HYBRID 4WD
5000
4wd
208
202
CVT
35.2
5
Toyota
RX 4 0 OH 2WD
4500
Front
211
202
CVT
34 . 1
6
Toyota
RX 4 0 OH 4WD
4500
4wd
208
202
CVT
33. 4
7
Chrysler
COMPASS 2WD
3500
Front
165
144
M5
33. 1
8
Chrysler
COMPASS 2WD
3500
Front
172
144
CVT
32. 4
9
Nissan
ROUGE
3500
Front
170
152
CVT
32.3
10
Chrysler
COMPASS 4 WD
3500
4wd
165
144
M5
32 .1
11
Ford
ESCAPE FWD
3500
Front
153
140
M5
31 . 9
12
Toyota
RAV4 2 WD
3500
Front
166
144
L4
30 . 9
Large
1
General Motors
C1500 TAHOE HYBRID 2WD
6000
Rear
332
364
CVT
28 .2
Utility
2
Daimler AG
ML32 0 CDI 4MATIC
5000
4wd
215
182
L7
26.9
3
Daimler AG
GL32 0 CDI 4 MAT IC
6000
4wd
215
182
L7
26.6
4
General Motors
K150 0 TAHOE HYBRID 2WD
6000
4wd
332
364
CVT
26.3
5
BMW
X3 3.0SI
4000
4wd
255
183
L6
25. 6
6
General Motors
EQUINOX AWD
4000
4wd
185
204
L5
25.0
7
General Motors
EQUINOX FWD
4000
Front
185
204
L5
25.0
8
Ford
EDGE FWD
4500
Front
265
213
L6
24 . 6
9
General Motors
EQUINOX AWD
4000
4wd
267
218
L6
24.5
10
General Motors
EQUINOX FWD
4000
Front
267
218
L6
24.5
11
General Motors
ACADIA FWD
5000
Front
267
218
L6
24.5
12
BMW
X3 3.OS I
4000
4wd
255
183
M6
24 .3
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
Q-6
September 2008
-------
Table Q-5
MY2008 Best in
Car Weight Class Role Models
Inertia
Engine
Lab
Weight
Rank
Manuf acturer
Model Name
Size Class
Drive
HP
CID
Trans
55/45
MPG
2000
1
Daimler AG
SMART FORTWO
Two-seater
Rear
70
61
L5
49.5
2250
1
Lotus
ELISE-EXIGE
Two-seater
Rear
190
110
M6
30.6
2
Lotus
ELISE-EXIGE
Two-seater
Rear
260
110
M6
29.4
3
Lotus
ELISE-EXIGE
Two-seater
Rear
220
110
M6
29.4
2500
1
Toyota
YARIS
Subcompact
Front
106
91
M5
42.8
2
Toyota
YARIS
Subcompact
Front
106
91
L4
42.3
2750
1
BMW
MINI COOPER
Minicompact
Front
120
98
M6
42.5
1
Toyota
COROLLA
Compact
Front
126
110
M5
41.8
2
Honda
FIT
Small Wagon
Front
109
91
M5
41.1
4
Honda
FIT
Small Wagon
Front
109
91
L5
40.0
5
Honda
CIVIC
Subcompact
Front
140
110
M5
39.2
6
Toyota
COROLLA
Compact
Front
126
110
L4
39.1
7
Kia
RIO
Compact
Front
110
98
M5
39.0
8
Hyundai
ACCENT
Compact
Front
110
98
M5
38 . 9
9
Kia
RIO
Compact
Front
110
98
L4
38 . 0
10
Ford
FOCUS FWD
Compact
Front
138
121
M5
37 . 6
11
Ford
FOCUS FWD
Compact
Front
138
121
L4
37.2
12
Hyundai
ACCENT
Compact
Front
110
98
L4
36.7
3000
1
Toyota
PRIUS
Midsize
Front
76
91
CVT
65.8
2
Honda
CIVIC HYBRID
Compact
Front
110
82
CVT
58 . 8
3
BMW
MINI CLUBMAN
Subcompact
Front
120
98
M6
42.5
4
Toyota
SCION XD
Subcompact
Front
128
110
M5
39.3
5
Nissan
VERSA
Midsize
Front
122
110
CVT
39.2
6
BMW
MINI CLUBMAN S
Subcompact
Front
175
98
M6
39.2
7
BMW
MINI COOPER S
Minicompact
Front
175
98
M6
39.2
8
Honda
CIVIC
Subcompact
Front
140
110
L5
39.1
9
Honda
CIVIC
Subcompact
Front
140
110
M5
39.1
10
BMW
MINI COOPER
Minicompact
Front
120
98
L6
38.5
11
BMW
MINI CLUBMAN
Subcompact
Front
120
98
L6
38.5
12
General Motors
VIBE
Small Wagon
Front
126
110
M5
38 . 4
3500
1
Nissan
ALT IMA HYBRID
Midsize
Front
163
152
CVT
46.7
2
Nissan
ALT IMA COUPE
Subcompact
Front
175
152
M6
34 . 9
3
Nissan
ALTIMA
Midsize
Front
175
152
M6
34 . 9
4
Nissan
SENTRA
Midsi ze
Front
172
152
CVT
34 . 8
5
Chrysler
CALIBER
Midsi ze
Front
143
110
M5
34 .5
6
Nissan
ALTIMA
Midsi ze
Front
175
152
CVT
34 .3
7
Nissan
ALTIMA COUPE
Midsize
Front
175
152
CVT
34 .3
8
Chrysler
CALIBER
Midsize
Front
165
144
M5
33. 6
9
Honda
ACCORD 2 DR COUPE
Compact
Front
190
144
M5
33.3
10
Honda
ACCORD 4 DR SEDAN
Large
Front
177
144
M5
33.1
11
Toyota
CAMRY SOLARA
Compact
Front
155
144
L5
33.0
12
Toyota
CAMRY
Midsize
Front
158
144
L5
32. 9
4000
1
Toyota
CAMRY HYBRID
Midsize
Front
147
144
CVT
45 . 9
2
General Motors
MALIBU HYBRID
Midsize
Front
170
145
L4
35.7
3
Daimler AG
E320 BLUETEC
Midsize
Rear
210
182
L7
34.7
4
VW
EOS
Subcompact
Front
200
121
L6
32.0
5
VW
A4
Compact
Front
200
121
CVT
31. 8
6
VW
A4 CABRIOLET
Subcompact
Front
200
121
CVT
31. 8
7
Toyota
IS 250
Subcompact
Rear
204
152
L6
31.7
8
Chrysler
SEBRING CONVERTIBLE
Subcompact
Front
150
144
L4
30.3
9
VW
PASSAT WAGON
Midsize wagon
Front
200
121
L6
29.7
10
Audi
A4 QUATTRO
Compact
4wd
200
121
M6
29.6
11
Audi
A4 AVANT QUATTRO
Small Wagon
4wd
200
121
M6
29.6
12
Toyota
AVALON
Large
Front
268
211
L6
29.4
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
Q-7
September 2008
-------
Table Q-5 (continued)
Inertia
Weight
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
Engine
Lab
Rank
Manufacturer Model Name
Size Class
Drive
HP
CID
Trans
55/45
MPG
1
Toyota
GS 45 OH
Compact
Rear
292
211
L6
30.8
2
General Motors
CTS AWD
Midsize
4wd
300
218
L6
25. 9
3
General Motors
STS AWD
Midsize
4wd
300
218
L6
25. 9
4
General Motors
CTS AWD
Midsize
4wd
255
218
L6
25.7
5
Audi
A4 CABRIOLET QUATTRO
Subcompact
4wd
255
191
L6
25.5
6
Audi
A6 AVANT QUATTRO
Midsize wagon
4wd
255
191
L6
25.5
7
Toyota
LS 4 60 L
Midsize
Rear
380
281
L8
24.7
8
BMW
535X1 SPORT WAGON
Midsize wagon
4wd
300
183
L6
24.7
9
Toyota
LS 4 60
Midsize
Rear
380
281
L8
24.5
10
Audi
A6 QUATTRO
Midsize
4wd
350
254
L6
23. 9
11
Audi
A8 L
Large
4wd
350
254
L6
23. 9
12
Audi
A8
Midsize
4wd
350
254
L6
23. 9
1
DC
PACIFICA AWD
Large wagon
4wd
250
241
L6
21. 6
2
Daimler AG
S550 4MATIC
Large
4wd
382
333
L7
21.3
3
BMW
760LI
Large
Rear
438
364
L6
19.7
4
Audi
A8 L
Large
4wd
450
366
L6
19.4
5
Audi
S8
Midsize
4wd
444
317
L6
19.0
6
Daimler AG
CL63 AMG
Compact
Rear
518
379
L7
17 . 4
7
Daimler AG
S600
Large
Rear
510
336
L5
17 .1
8
Daimler AG
S 63 AMG
Large
Rear
518
379
L7
17 .1
9
Daimler AG
CL65 AMG
Compact
Rear
603
365
L5
16.8
10
Daimler AG
CL600
Compact
Rear
510
336
L5
16.7
1
Toyota
LS 600HL
Midsize
4wd
389
303
L8
26.9
2
Daimler AG
R320 CDI 4MATIC
Large Wagon
4wd
215
182
L7
26.9
3
Daimler AG
R350
Large Wagon
Rear
268
213
L7
21.5
4
Daimler AG
R350 4MATIC
Large Wagon
4wd
268
213
L7
21.3
5
Rolls-Royce
PHANTOM
Midsize
Rear
453
412
L6
17.3
6
Rolls-Royce
PHANTOM DROPHEAD COUPE
Compact
Rear
453
412
L6
17.3
7
Daimler AG
S 65 AMG
Large
Rear
603
365
L5
16.6
8
Bentley
CONTINENTAL GT
Compact
4wd
600
366
L6
16.2
1
General Motors
LIMOUSINE
Large
Front
275
279
L4
18 . 9
2
Bentley
CONTINENTAL FLYING SPUR
Midsize
4wd
600
366
L6
15.8
3
Bentley
CONTINENTAL GTC
Subcompact
4wd
600
366
L6
15.8
4
Bentley
ARNAGE
Midsize
Rear
500
412
L6
14 . 4
1
Daimler AG
MAYBACH 57
Large
Rear
543
336
L5
15.3
2
Daimler AG
MAYBACH 57S
Large
Rear
603
365
L5
15.2
3
Bentley
ARNAGE RL
Large
Rear
500
412
L6
14 . 4
4
Bentley
AZURE
Compact
Rear
500
412
L6
14 . 4
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
Q-8
September 2008
-------
Table Q-6
MY2008 Best in Truck Weight Class Role Models
Inertia Engine
Weight Rank Manufacturer Model Name Size Class Drive HP CID Trans
1
Chrysler
COMPASS 2WD
Medium
Utility
Front
165
144
M5
2
Chrysler
COMPASS 2WD
Medium
Utility
Front
172
144
M5
3
Nissan
ROUGE FWD
Medium
Utility
Front
170
152
CVT
4
Chrysler
COMPASS 4 WD
Medium
Utility
4wd
165
144
M5
5
Ford
ESCAPE FWD
Medium
Utility
Front
153
140
M5
6
Toyota
RAV4 2 WD
Medium
Utility
Front
166
144
L4
7
Nissan
ROUGE AWD
Medium
Utility
Front
170
152
CVT
8
Ford
RANGER PICKUP
2WD
Medium
Pickup
Rear
143
140
M5
9
Toyota
TACOMA 2WD
Medium
Pickup
Rear
159
164
M5
10
Chrysler
COMPASS 2WD
Medium
Utility
Front
165
144
CVT
11
Honda
CR-V 2WD
Medium
Utility
Front
166
144
L5
12
Ford
ESCAPE FWD
Medium
Utility
Front
153
140
L4
1
Ford
ESCAPE HYBRID
FWD
Medium
Utility
Front
133
140
CVT
2
Ford
ESCAPE HYBRID
4WD
Medium
Utility
4wd
133
140
CVT
3
General Motors
VUE HYBRID
Medium
Utility
Front
170
145
L4
4
Nissan
ROGUE AWD
Medium
Utility
4wd
170
152
CVT
5
Toyota
RAV4 4 WD
Medium
Utility
4wd
166
144
L4
6
Toyota
RAV4 2 WD
Medium
Utility
Front
269
211
L5
7
Toyota
SIENNA 2WD
Medium
Van
Front
269
211
L5
8
Honda
CR-V 4WD
Medium
Utility
4wd
166
144
L5
9
Mitsubishi
OUTIANDER 4WD
Medium
Utility
4wd
168
144
CVT
10
Honda
ELEMENT 2WD
Medium
Utility
Front
166
144
L5
11
General Motors
VUE FWD
Medium
Utility
Front
163
145
L4
12
Toyota
RAV4 4 WD
Medium
Utility
4wd
269
211
L5
1
Toyota
RX4 00H 2WD
Medium
Utility
Front
211
202
CVT
2
Toyota
RX4 00H 4WD
Medium
Utility
4wd
208
202
CVT
3
Toyota
SIENNA 2WD
Medium
Van
Front
266
211
L5
4
Toyota
HIGHLANDER 2WD
Medium
Utility
Front
270
211
L5
5
General Motors
GRAND CHEROKEE
2WD
Medium
Utility
Rear
215
183
L5
6
Honda
ODYSSEY 2WD
Medium
Van
Front
241
212
L5
7
Hyundai
SANTA FE 4WD
Medium
Utility
4wd
185
162
M5
8
Hyundai
SANTA FE 4WD
Medium
Utility
4wd
185
162
L4
9
Hyundai
SANTA FE 4WD
Medium
Utility
4wd
242
204
L5
10
Toyota
HIGHLANDER 4WD
Medium
Utility
4wd
270
211
L5
11
Toyota
RX 35 0 4WD
Medium
Utility
4wd
270
211
L5
12
Ford
EDGE 4WD
Large Utility
Front
265
213
L6
1
Toyota
HIGHLANDER HYBRID 4WD
Medium Utility
4wd
208
202
CVT
2
Daimler
AG
ML320 CDI 4MATIC
Large
Utility
4wd
215
182
L7
3
Chrysler
CARAVAN 2 WD
Medium Van
Front
253
241
L6
4
Chrysler
GRAND CHEROKEE 4WD
Medium Utility
4wd
215
183
L5
5
General
Motors
ACADIA FWD
Large
Utility
Front
267
218
L6
6
General
Motors
ACADIA AWD
Large
Utility
4wd
267
218
L6
7
BMW
X5 3.0SI
Large
Utility
4wd
260
183
L6
8
Chrysler
RAM 1500 PICKUP 2WD
Large
Pickup
Rear
215
226
M6
9
Nissan
PATHFINDER 2WD
Large
Utility
Rear
266
241
L5
10
General
Motors
C15 SILVERADO 2WD
Large
Pickup
Rear
310
325
L4
11
General
Motors
C15 SILVERADO 2WD
Large
Pickup
Rear
195
262
L4
12
General
Motors
G1500-2500 VAN 2WD
Large
Van
Rear
195
262
L4
Lab.
55/45
MPG
33. 1
32. 4
32.3
32. 1
31. 9
30. 9
30. 9
30.3
30. 1
30. 0
29.7
29.3
43.7
38 . 2
36.7
30. 4
29.3
28 . 9
28 . 9
28 . 5
28 . 7
28 . 3
28 . 3
27 . 9
34 . 1
33. 4
26.5
26.0
26.0
25. 8
25.3
24 . 9
24 . 8
24 . 8
24 . 6
24 . 6
35.2
26.9
26.0
25 . 4
24 .5
23.2
22 . 8
22 .1
22 .1
21 . 8
21 .7
21 .7
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
Q-9
September 2008
-------
Table Q-6 (continued)
Inertia
Weight Rank Manufacturer Model Name
Engine Lab.
Size Class Drive HP CID Trans. 55/45
MPG
1
General
Motors
CI5 SILVERADO 2WD
Large
Pickup
Rear
310
325
L4
21
2
Porsche
CAYENNE
Large
Utility
4wd
290
219
L6
21
3
Audi
Q7
Large
Utility
4wd
280
219
L6
20
4
VW
TOUAREG
Large
Utility
4wd
280
219
L6
20
5
General
Motors
K15 SILVERADO 4WD
Large
Pickup
4wd
310
325
L4
20
6
General
Motors
CI500 TAHOE 2WD
Large
Utility
Rear
310
325
L4
20
7
General
Motors
CI5 SILVERADO 2WD
Large
Pickup
Rear
270
293
L4
20
8
BMW
X5 4.81
Large
Utility
4wd
350
293
L6
20
9
General
Motors
K15 SILVERADO 4WD
Large
Pickup
4wd
270
293
L4
20
10
Toyota
TUNDRA 2WD
Large
Pickup
Rear
381
346
L6
20
11
Ford
F150 PICKUP 2WD
Large
Pickup
Rear
231
280
L4
19
12
General
Motors
G1500-2500 VAN 2WD
Large
Van
Rear
301
325
L4
19
1
General
Motors
C1500 TAHOE HYBRID 2WD
Large
Utility
Rear
332
364
CVT
28
2
Daimler
AG
GL320 CDI 4MATIC
Large
Utility
4wd
215
182
L7
26
3
General
Motors
K1500 TAHOE HYBRID 4WD
Large
Utility
4wd
332
364
CVT
26
4
VW
TOUAREG
Large
Utility
4wd
310
300
L6
21
5
General
Motors
CI500 TAHOE 2WD
Large
Utility
Rear
310
325
L4
21
6
General
Motors
CI500 AVALANCHE 2WD
Large
Pickup
Rear
310
325
L4
21
7
General
Motors
K1500 TAHOE 4WD
Large
Utility
4wd
310
325
L4
20
8
General
Motors
K1500 AVALANCHE 4WD
Large
Pickup
4wd
310
325
L4
20
9
General
Motors
CI500 TAHOE 2WD
Large
Utility
Rear
270
293
L4
20
10
Toyota
SEQUOIA 2WD
Large
Utility
Rear
381
346
L6
19
11
Toyota
TUNDRA 2WD
Large
Pickup
Rear
381
346
L6
19
12
Toyota
SEQUOIA 2WD
Large
Utility
Rear
276
285
L5
19
1
Toyota
SEQUOIA 4WD
Large
Utility
4wd
381
346
L6
18
9
2
Toyota
LX 57 0
Large
Utility
4wd
383
346
L6
18
3
3
Nissan
ARMADA 4 WD
Large
Utility
4wd
517
339
L5
17
5
4
Nissan
QX5 6 4WD
Large
Utility
4wd
320
339
L5
17
4
5
Nissan
TITAN 4WD
Large
Pickup
4wd
517
339
L5
17
1
6
Nissan
TITAN 4WD
Large
Pickup
4wd
317
339
L5
17
1
7
Roush
STAGE3 F150 SUPERCREW
Large
Pickup
4wd
445
330
L4
16
0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
Q-10
September 2008
-------
Table Q-7
Characteristics of 1975 TO 2008 Cars
Using Each Year's Size Class Mix
Using 1981 Size Class Mix
0-60
55/45
Ton
0-60
55/45
Ton
Year
Time
Vol Weight
CID
HP
Lab.
MPG
Time
Vol Weight
CID
HP
Lab.
MPG
MPG
MPG
1975
14 .2
4059
289
136
15.8
27.5
14 . 1
4012
286
135
15
8
27 . 3
1976
14 . 4
4060
287
134
17 . 4
30.2
14 . 3
3926
274
130
17
9
30. 0
1977
13 . 9
110
3947
280
134
18.3
30.9
14 . 0
106
3804
263
128
19
0
30. 9
1978
13.7
109
3588
252
125
19.8
30.5
13. 8
105
3454
236
119
20
5
30.3
1979
13.7
109
3476
238
120
20.1
29.9
13. 8
106
3387
226
115
20
6
29.7
1980
14 .1
104
3084
186
101
23.2
30.6
14 . 1
106
3128
191
103
22
9
30. 6
1981
14 .1
106
3043
178
99
24 . 9
32.3
14 . 1
106
3043
178
99
24
9
32.3
1982
14 .2
106
3027
172
99
25. 9
33. 6
14 . 2
106
3043
175
100
25
7
33. 6
1983
13 . 9
109
3101
181
104
25.8
34 . 4
13. 9
107
3067
179
103
26
0
34 . 3
1984
13.7
108
3097
179
106
26.2
34 . 8
13. 6
107
3100
180
108
26
0
34 . 6
1985
13.2
108
3091
177
111
26.9
35.7
13.3
107
3065
175
110
27
1
35. 6
1986
13.2
107
3041
167
111
27 . 9
36.2
13.2
107
3048
170
112
27
7
36.1
1987
13 . 0
107
3030
162
112
28 .1
36.2
13. 0
107
3053
166
115
27
9
36.2
1988
12 . 8
107
3047
160
116
28 . 6
36.9
12. 8
107
3057
162
118
28
5
36. 9
1989
12 . 4
108
3099
163
121
28 .1
36.8
12. 4
107
3098
164
122
28
1
36.8
1990
12 .1
107
3176
163
129
27 . 8
37 .1
12. 1
107
3186
163
129
27
8
37 . 2
1991
11 . 8
107
3153
163
132
28 . 0
37 . 0
11. 8
108
3182
166
134
27
9
37 . 2
1992
11.5
108
3240
170
141
27 . 6
37 . 4
11. 6
108
3230
167
139
27
8
37 . 6
1993
11 . 6
108
3207
166
138
28.2
37 . 7
11. 6
108
3210
166
139
28
3
37 . 8
1994
11 . 4
108
3250
168
143
28 . 0
37 . 9
11. 4
108
3263
169
145
28
0
38 . 0
1995
10 . 9
109
3262
167
152
28.3
38.3
10. 9
107
3283
170
154
28
2
38 . 4
1996
10 . 8
109
3281
165
154
28.3
38.3
10.8
107
3272
167
154
28
5
38 . 5
1997
10.7
109
3274
164
156
28 . 4
38.3
10.8
108
3270
162
156
28
5
38 . 5
1998
10 . 6
109
3306
164
159
28.5
38.7
10. 6
108
3295
165
160
28
5
38 . 7
1999
10.5
109
3365
166
164
28 .1
38.7
10.5
108
3314
164
163
28
3
38 . 5
2000
10.3
110
3371
166
168
28 .1
38 . 6
10.3
108
3332
164
168
28
1
38 . 3
2001
10.3
109
3381
165
169
28 . 4
39.0
10.1
106
3420
174
177
27
6
38 . 5
2002
10 .1
110
3393
166
174
28.5
39.1
9.8
107
3437
178
185
27
7
38 . 7
2003
10 . 0
109
3424
166
177
28 . 8
39.8
9.8
106
3495
175
186
27
7
39.3
2004
9.8
110
3467
169
184
28.7
40.0
9.7
107
3492
173
190
27
9
39.3
2005
9.8
111
3471
168
184
29.2
40.4
9. 6
108
3476
171
189
28
6
39.8
2006
9.5
112
3542
173
196
28 . 9
41.0
9. 6
108
3471
167
191
29
4
40. 9
2007
9.6
110
3517
169
193
29.8
41.9
9.7
108
3464
165
190
30
1
41.7
2008
9.5
110
3548
171
199
29.8
42.3
9.5
108
3498
165
195
30
2
42.2
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
Q-ll
September 2008
-------
Table Q-E
Characteristics of 1975 TO 2008 Trucks
Using Each Year's Size Class Mix
0-60 55/45 Ton
Year Time Weight CID HP Lab. MPG
MPG
Using 1981 Size Class Mix
0-60 55/45 Ton
Time Weight CID HP Lab. MPG
MPG
1975
13.6
4072
311
142
13.7
24 . 2
M'
OJ
CO
3879
281
134
14.5
24 . 6
1976
13.8
4155
319
141
14 . 4
26.0
14.1
3919
283
131
15.5
26.4
1977
13.3
4135
318
147
15. 6
28 . 0
13. 6
3931
287
138
16.7
28 . 8
1978
13.3
4149
314
146
15.2
27 . 4
13.7
3939
283
136
16.4
28 .3
1979
14.2
4239
297
138
14.7
27 . 0
14.3
4073
277
132
15. 4
27 . 4
1980
14.4
3848
247
121
18 . 4
30.3
14 . 4
3939
258
124
18 . 1
30.6
1981
14.4
3841
252
121
19.7
32 . 4
14 . 4
3841
252
121
19.7
32.4
1982
14 .1
3766
243
122
20.0
32.3
14 .1
3872
256
126
19.4
32.2
1983
14 . 4
3732
228
118
20. 6
33.2
14.2
3925
255
127
19.5
32. 9
1984
14 . 6
3770
223
118
20.3
33.1
14.3
3934
251
126
19.3
32.8
1985
14 .1
3787
223
124
20.5
33. 6
13.7
3941
252
133
19.5
33.1
1986
13. 9
3732
211
123
21. 4
34.2
13.7
3951
247
133
20 . 0
33.8
1987
13.3
3710
210
131
21. 6
34 . 2
13.1
4009
255
145
19.7
33 . 6
1988
12 . 9
3838
227
141
21.2
34 . 5
12.7
4071
261
152
19.8
34 .1
1989
12.8
3919
234
146
20.9
34 . 7
12.6
4110
264
156
19.6
34 .1
1990
12.6
4003
237
151
20.7
35 . 0
12.4
4147
264
160
19.7
34 .5
1991
12.5
3946
228
150
21.3
35.3
12.4
4143
261
160
19.9
34 .7
1992
12.5
4055
234
155
20.8
35 . 4
12. 6
4209
260
159
19.9
35 . 0
1993
12.1
4073
235
162
21. 0
35.7
12.2
4187
255
164
20.3
35.5
1994
12.0
4125
239
166
20.8
35.7
12.0
4255
263
170
20. 0
35.3
1995
12.0
4184
244
168
20.5
35.7
12.0
4290
264
171
19.7
35.2
1996
11.5
4224
243
179
20.8
36.6
11. 4
4315
262
186
20. 0
35.7
1997
11. 4
4344
248
187
20. 6
36.9
11.2
4372
254
193
20.5
36.8
1998
11.2
4282
242
187
20. 9
36.8
10. 9
4382
257
198
20.3
36.5
1999
11. 0
4412
249
197
20.5
37 . 0
10.8
4505
263
207
20. 0
36.8
2000
11. 0
4375
242
197
20. 8
37 .1
10.7
4295
245
200
20.8
36.4
2001
10 . 6
4463
243
209
20.6
37 . 4
10.7
4401
247
205
20. 6
36.9
2002
10.4
454 6
244
219
20.6
38 . 0
10.5
4558
254
217
20.1
37 .1
2003
10.4
4586
243
221
20. 9
38 . 7
10.5
4560
252
218
20.5
37 . 6
2004
10.0
4710
252
236
20.8
39.4
10.3
4721
260
233
20.4
38 .7
2005
10.0
4 669
245
237
21. 4
40.1
10.1
4679
247
235
21.2
39.9
2006
10.0
4 669
241
235
21. 6
40.6
10.2
4685
245
233
21. 5
40.4
2007
9.7
4745
246
249
22.0
41.9
9.9
44 43
243
239
22.3
40.7
2008
9.7
4742
241
252
22.4
42.7
9.8
4523
246
250
22. 4
41.6
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
Q-12
September 2008
-------
Table Q-9
Characteristics of 1975 TO 2008 Cars
Using Each Year's Weight Mix Using 1981 Weight Mix
0-60
55/45
0-60
55/45
Year
Time
Vol Weight
CID
HP
Lab.
Time
Vol
Weight
CID
HP
Lab.
MPG
MPG
1975
14.2
4059
289
136
15.8
14.8
3043
169
95
20. 6
1976
14.4
4060
287
134
17 . 4
15.0
3043
168
93
22.5
1977
13.9
110
3947
280
134
18 . 3
14.4
94
3043
171
98
23.3
1978
13.7
109
3588
252
125
19.8
14.1
100
3043
182
102
23. 0
1979
13.7
109
3476
238
120
20. 1
14.1
100
3043
182
101
22.7
1980
14.1
104
3084
186
101
23.2
14.2
103
3043
180
99
23.5
1981
14.1
106
3043
178
99
24 . 9
14 .1
106
3043
178
99
24 . 9
1982
14.2
106
3027
172
99
25. 9
14.2
106
3043
175
100
25.7
1983
13. 9
109
3101
181
104
25. 8
14 . 0
107
3043
175
102
26.3
1984
13.7
108
3097
179
106
26.2
13.7
106
3043
175
104
26.6
1985
13.2
108
3091
177
111
26. 9
13.3
107
3043
173
109
27 . 4
1986
13.2
107
3041
167
111
27 . 9
13.3
107
3043
171
110
28 . 0
1987
13.0
107
3030
162
112
28 . 1
13.2
107
3043
167
112
28 .1
1988
12.8
107
3047
160
116
28 . 6
12. 9
107
3043
164
114
28 . 8
1989
12.4
108
3099
163
121
28 . 1
12.7
107
3043
160
116
28 . 9
1990
12.1
107
3176
163
129
27 . 8
12.4
104
3043
154
120
29.2
1991
11.8
107
3153
163
132
28 . 0
12.0
105
3043
155
126
29.2
1992
11.5
108
3240
170
141
27 . 6
11.8
105
3043
154
129
29.5
1993
11.6
108
3207
166
138
28.2
11.8
106
3043
155
128
29.7
1994
11.4
108
3250
168
143
28 . 0
11.9
105
3043
152
130
29. 9
1995
10.9
109
3262
167
152
28.3
11.4
105
3043
150
138
30. 4
1996
10.8
109
3281
165
154
28.3
11.3
106
3043
150
138
30.5
1997
10.7
109
3274
164
156
28 . 4
11.4
104
3043
146
139
30.5
1998
10.6
109
3306
164
159
28.5
11.2
104
3043
145
141
30. 6
1999
10.5
109
3365
166
164
28 .1
11.1
102
3043
143
141
30.5
2000
10.3
110
3371
166
168
28 .1
10.9
104
3043
142
145
30. 8
2001
10.3
109
3381
165
169
28 . 4
10.9
104
3043
140
144
31. 3
2002
10.1
110
3393
166
174
28.5
10.5
106
3043
142
149
32. 0
2003
10.0
109
3424
166
177
28 . 8
10.2
104
3043
138
152
33.2
2004
9.8
110
3467
169
184
28.7
10.1
104
3043
138
154
33.3
2005
9.8
111
3471
168
184
29.2
9.8
101
3043
139
162
32.5
2006
9.5
112
3542
173
196
28 . 9
9.6
99
3043
138
167
32. 4
2007
9.6
110
3517
169
193
29.8
9.6
99
3043
137
172
32. 9
2008
9.5
110
3548
171
199
29.8
9.6
98
3043
136
171
32. 9
EPA420-R-08-015 Q-13 September 2008
-------
Table Q-10
Characteristics of 1975 TO 2008 Trucks
Using Each Year's Weight Mix Using 1981 Weight Mix
0-60
55/45
0-60
55/4£
Year
Time Weight
CID
HP
Lab.
Time Weight
CID
HP
Lab.
MPG
MPG
1975
13.6
4072
311
142
13.7
13. 9
3841
282
132
14 . 6
1976
13.8
4155
319
141
14 . 4
14 . 0
3841
285
130
15 . 6
1977
13.3
4135
318
147
15. 6
13.5
3841
287
135
17 .1
1978
13.3
4149
314
146
15.2
13.5
3841
282
134
16.6
1979
14.2
4239
297
138
14.7
14 .1
3841
264
127
16.4
1980
14.4
3848
247
121
18 . 4
14 .5
3841
250
121
18.5
1981
14.4
3841
252
121
19.7
14 . 4
3841
252
121
19.7
1982
14 .1
3766
243
122
20.0
14 .1
3841
253
124
19.6
1983
14 . 4
3732
228
118
20. 6
14 .5
3841
243
121
20.0
1984
14 . 6
3770
223
118
20.3
14.6
3841
239
121
19.8
1985
14 .1
3787
223
124
20.5
13.9
3841
237
128
20.2
1986
13. 9
3732
211
123
21. 4
13.9
3841
229
127
20.8
1987
13.3
3710
210
131
21. 6
13.3
3841
226
136
20. 9
1988
12. 9
3838
227
141
21. 2
12.9
3841
229
141
21.3
1989
12. 8
3919
234
146
20. 9
12.8
3841
227
142
21.3
1990
12. 6
4003
237
151
20.7
12.8
3841
221
143
21 .5
1991
12.5
3946
228
150
21.3
12. 9
3841
214
142
21 . 8
1992
12.5
4055
234
155
20.8
12. 6
3841
214
145
21 . 9
1993
12.1
4073
235
162
21. 0
12.5
3841
212
150
22 .1
1994
12.0
4125
239
166
20.8
12.3
3841
212
152
22 . 0
1995
12.0
4184
244
168
20.5
12 .1
3841
212
153
21. 9
1996
11.5
4224
243
179
20.8
11.7
3841
208
161
22.5
1997
11.4
4344
248
187
20. 6
11.5
3841
205
163
22. 6
1998
11.2
4282
242
187
20. 9
11 . 4
3841
205
166
22.7
1999
11. 0
4412
249
197
20.5
11.3
3841
202
168
23.1
2000
11. 0
4375
242
197
20. 8
11.3
3841
199
168
23.2
2001
10.6
44 63
243
209
20. 6
10.9
3841
198
175
23.4
2002
10.4
4546
244
219
20. 6
10.3
3841
191
185
24 . 0
2003
10.4
4586
243
221
20. 9
10.4
3841
189
185
24 . 8
2004
10.0
4710
252
236
20. 8
10.0
3841
193
193
24 . 9
2005
10.0
4 669
245
237
21. 4
9.9
3841
187
194
26.0
2006
10.0
4 669
241
235
21 . 6
10.0
3841
181
192
27 . 4
2007
9.7
4745
246
249
22.0
9.8
3841
178
198
26.9
2008
9.7
4742
241
252
22.4
9. 9
3841
173
198
27 . 6
EPA420-R-08-015 Q-14 September 2008
-------
Table Q-ll
Average Car and Light Truck Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy
For Model Years 1975 to 2008
For Cars Calculated Using: For Trucks Calculated Using
Model
Each
1981
1981
Each
1981
1981
Year
Year's
Weight
Size
Year's
Weight
Size
Data
Mix
Mix
Data
Mix
Mix
1975
15 . 8
20 . 6
15. 8
13.7
14 . 6
14 . 5
1976
17 . 4
22.5
17 . 9
14 . 4
15. 6
15.5
1977
18.3
23.3
19.0
15. 6
17 . 1
16.7
1978
19.8
23 . 0
20.5
15.2
16.6
16.4
1979
20 .1
22.7
20. 6
14 . 7
16.4
15. 4
1980
23.2
23.5
22. 9
18 . 4
18 . 5
18 . 1
1981
24 . 9
24 . 9
24 . 9
19.7
19.7
19.7
1982
25 . 9
25.7
25.7
20. 0
19.6
19.4
1983
25 . 8
26.3
26.0
20. 6
20. 0
19.5
1984
26.2
26.6
26.0
20.3
19.8
19.3
1985
26.9
27 . 4
27 . 1
20.5
20.2
19.5
1986
27 . 9
28 . 0
27 . 7
21. 4
20. 8
20. 0
1987
28 .1
28 .1
27 . 9
21. 6
20. 9
19.7
1988
28 . 6
28 . 8
28 . 5
21. 2
21. 3
19.8
1989
28 .1
28 . 9
28 . 1
20. 9
21. 3
19.6
1990
27 . 8
29.2
27 . 8
20.7
21. 5
19.7
1991
28 . 0
29.2
27 . 9
21. 3
21. 8
19.9
1992
27 . 6
29.5
27 . 8
20. 8
21. 9
19.9
1993
28 .2
29.7
28 . 3
21. 0
22. 1
20.3
1994
28 . 0
29. 9
28 . 0
20. 8
22. 0
20. 0
1995
28 .3
30. 4
28 . 2
20.5
21. 9
19.7
1996
28 .3
30.5
28 . 5
K)
O
CO
22.5
K)
O
O
1997
K)
CO
30.5
28 . 5
20. 6
22. 6
20.5
1998
28 .5
30. 6
28 . 5
20. 9
22.7
20.3
1999
28 .1
30.5
28 . 3
20.5
23. 1
20. 0
2000
28 .1
30. 8
28 . 1
20. 8
23.2
20. 8
2001
28 . 4
31. 3
27 . 6
20. 6
23. 4
20. 6
2002
28 .5
32. 0
27 . 7
20. 6
24 . 0
20. 1
2003
28 . 8
33.2
27 . 7
20. 9
24 . 8
20.5
2004
28 .7
33.3
27 . 9
20. 8
24 . 9
20. 4
2005
29.2
32.5
28 . 6
21. 4
26.0
21. 2
2006
28 . 9
32. 4
29.4
21. 6
27 . 4
21. 5
2007
29.8
32. 9
30. 1
22. 0
26. 9
22.3
2008
29.8
32. 9
30.2
22. 4
27 . 6
22. 4
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
Q-15
-------
Table Q-12
Characteristics of 1975 TO 2008 Cars
Using Each Year's Size Class Mix
0-60 55/45
Year Time Vol Weight CID HP Lab.
MPG
1975
14 .2
4059
289
136
15.8
1976
14 . 4
4060
287
134
17 . 4
1977
13 . 9
110
3947
280
134
18.3
1978
13.7
109
3588
252
125
19.8
1979
13.7
109
3476
238
120
20.1
1980
14 .1
104
3084
186
101
23.2
1981
14 .1
106
3043
178
99
24 . 9
1982
14 .2
106
3027
172
99
25. 9
1983
13 . 9
109
3101
181
104
25.8
1984
13.7
108
3097
179
106
26.2
1985
13.2
108
3091
177
111
26.9
1986
13.2
107
3041
167
111
27 . 9
1987
13 . 0
107
3030
162
112
28 .1
1988
12 . 8
107
3047
160
116
28 . 6
1989
12 . 4
108
3099
163
121
28 .1
1990
12 .1
107
3176
163
129
27 . 8
1991
11 . 8
107
3153
163
132
ro
CO
o
1992
11.5
108
3240
170
141
27 . 6
1993
11 . 6
108
3207
166
138
28.2
1994
11 . 4
108
3250
168
143
28 . 0
1995
10 . 9
109
3262
167
152
28.3
1996
10 . 8
109
3281
165
154
28.3
1997
10.7
109
3274
164
156
28 . 4
1998
10 . 6
109
3306
164
159
28.5
1999
10.5
109
3365
166
164
28 .1
2000
10.3
110
3371
166
168
28 .1
2001
10.3
109
3381
165
169
28 . 4
2002
10 .1
110
3393
166
174
28.5
2003
10 . 0
109
3424
166
177
28 . 8
2004
9.8
110
3467
169
184
28.7
2005
9.8
111
3471
168
184
29.2
2006
9.5
112
3542
173
196
28 . 9
2007
9.6
110
3517
169
193
29.8
2008
9.5
110
3548
171
199
29.8
Using 1988 Size Class Mix
Ton 0-60 55/45 Ton
MPG Time Vol Weight CID HP Lab. MPG
MPG
27.5
14 . 2
4077
296
137
15
6
27 . 4
30.2
14 . 5
4044
288
132
17
4
30. 0
30.9
14 . 1
108
3965
280
132
18
3
31. 0
30.5
13. 9
107
3550
245
121
20
0
30. 4
29.9
13. 8
107
3517
242
120
19
7
29. 6
30.6
14 . 0
108
3205
198
106
22
2
30. 4
32.3
14 . 0
107
3029
174
100
24
9
32.2
33. 6
14 . 2
107
3010
166
98
26
2
33. 8
34 . 4
14 . 0
107
3046
173
102
26
3
34 . 4
34 . 8
13. 8
107
3052
173
104
26
6
34 . 9
35.7
13.2
107
3031
169
109
27
4
35.7
36.2
13.2
107
3022
165
110
28
1
36.2
36.2
13. 1
107
3025
161
112
28
1
36.2
36.9
12. 8
107
3047
160
116
28
6
36. 9
36.8
12.5
107
3069
159
120
28
4
36.7
37 .1
12. 1
107
3155
161
127
27
9
37 . 0
37 . 0
11. 9
108
3160
162
132
27
9
37 . 0
37 . 4
11. 6
108
3207
166
139
27
7
37 . 2
37 . 7
11. 6
108
3174
163
136
28
4
37 . 5
37 . 9
11. 5
108
3219
164
141
28
3
37 . 8
38.3
10. 9
107
3221
163
150
28
7
38 . 3
38.3
10.8
107
3221
161
151
28
8
38 . 3
38.3
10.8
107
3214
158
152
28
8
38 . 2
38.7
10. 6
107
3231
159
155
28
9
38 . 5
38.7
10. 6
107
3285
160
159
28
7
38 . 6
38 . 6
10.5
107
3276
157
160
28
7
38 . 4
39.0
10.3
106
3316
162
166
28
7
38 . 8
39.1
10.1
106
3331
164
171
28
8
38 . 9
39.8
10.0
106
3386
165
175
28
8
39.4
40.0
9.8
107
3395
165
180
28
9
39.4
40.4
9. 9
108
3379
162
179
29
5
39.8
41.0
9. 6
108
3435
165
188
29
7
40.8
41.9
9.8
108
3426
161
185
30
3
41.5
42.3
9. 6
107
3447
161
189
30
5
42.0
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
Q-16
September 2008
-------
Table Q-13
Characteristics of 1975 TO 2008 Trucks
Using Each Year's Size Class Mix
Using 1988 Size Class Mix
0-60
55/45
Ton
0-60
55/45
Ton
Year
Time Weight
CID
HP
Lab.
MPG
Time Weight
CID
HP
Lab.
MPG
MPG
MPG
1975
13.6
4072
311
142
13.7
24 . 2
14.7
3815
259
123
15.0
24 . 8
1976
13.8
4155
319
141
14 . 4
26.0
15.1
3847
261
121
15. 9
26.8
1977
13.3
4135
318
147
15. 6
28 . 0
14 . 4
3854
267
127
17 . 4
29.9
1978
13.3
4149
314
146
15.2
27 . 4
14 . 4
3859
267
127
17 . 0
29.3
1979
14.2
4239
297
138
14.7
27 . 0
14 . 8
3975
262
124
15. 9
28 . 0
1980
14.4
3848
247
121
18 . 4
30.3
14 . 8
3848
244
119
18 . 4
30.5
1981
14.4
3841
252
121
19.7
32 . 4
14.7
3793
238
117
19.7
32.1
1982
14 .1
3766
243
122
20.0
32.3
14.2
3802
244
123
19.6
32.1
1983
14 . 4
3732
228
118
20. 6
33.2
14 . 4
3808
235
121
20.2
33.1
1984
14 . 6
3770
223
118
20.3
33.1
14 . 6
3781
223
118
20.3
33.1
1985
14 .1
3787
223
124
20.5
33. 6
14 . 1
3756
220
123
20.7
33.5
1986
13. 9
3732
211
123
21. 4
34.2
13. 9
3757
214
124
21 .2
34 .1
1987
13.3
3710
210
131
21. 6
34 . 2
13.2
3796
221
135
21.1
34 .1
1988
12 . 9
3838
227
141
21.2
34 . 5
12.9
3838
227
141
21.2
34 .5
1989
12.8
3919
234
146
20.9
34 . 7
12.8
3892
232
145
21. 0
34 . 6
1990
12.6
4003
237
151
20.7
35 . 0
12.6
3930
231
148
21. 0
34 . 8
1991
12.5
3946
228
150
21.3
35.3
12. 6
3933
229
148
21.2
35 . 0
1992
12.5
4055
234
155
20.8
35 . 4
12. 6
3987
230
151
21. 0
35 .1
1993
12.1
4073
235
162
21. 0
35.7
12.2
3973
229
156
21. 3
35.3
1994
12.0
4125
239
166
20.8
35.7
12.1
4037
233
161
21. 2
35.5
1995
12.0
4184
244
168
20.5
35.7
12.1
4045
233
161
21. 2
35. 6
1996
11.5
4224
243
179
20.8
36.6
11.7
4072
229
170
21. 6
36.5
1997
11. 4
4344
248
187
20. 6
36.9
11. 6
4140
229
175
21. 6
37 . 0
1998
11.2
4282
242
187
20. 9
36.8
11. 3
4125
228
179
21. 6
36.9
1999
11. 0
4412
249
197
20.5
37 . 0
11. 2
4212
232
185
21. 2
36.8
2000
11. 0
4375
242
197
20. 8
37 .1
11. 2
4127
222
182
21.7
36.7
2001
10 . 6
4463
243
209
20.6
37 . 4
10.9
4182
223
190
21.7
37 .1
2002
10.4
454 6
244
219
20.6
38 . 0
10.7
4295
229
201
21.3
37 .3
2003
10.4
4586
243
221
20. 9
38 . 7
10.8
4267
223
197
21. 9
37 . 9
2004
10.0
4710
252
236
20.8
39.4
10.3
4411
234
215
21.7
38 .7
2005
10.0
4 669
245
237
21. 4
40.1
10.3
4326
221
212
22.5
39.2
2006
10.0
4 669
241
235
21. 6
40.6
10.3
4357
222
214
22.7
39.9
2007
9.7
4745
246
249
22.0
41.9
10.1
4317
225
222
22. 9
40.5
2008
9.7
4742
241
252
22.4
42.7
10.1
4362
225
225
23.2
41.3
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
Q-17
September 2008
-------
Table Q-14
Characteristics of 1975 TO 2008 Cars
Using Each Year's Weight Mix Using 1988 Weight Mix
0-60
55/45
0-60
55/45
Year
Time Vol Weight
CID
HP
Lab.
Time
Vol
Weight
CID
HP
Lab.
MPG
MPG
1975
14.2
4059
289
136
15.8
14.7
3047
165
96
20. 6
1976
14.4
4060
287
134
17 . 4
14.9
3047
165
94
22.5
1977
13.9
110
3947
280
134
18 . 3
14.3
93
3047
167
99
23.2
1978
13.7
109
3588
252
125
19.8
14.0
99
3047
180
102
22. 8
1979
13.7
109
3476
238
120
20. 1
14.0
99
3047
180
102
22.5
1980
14.1
104
3084
186
101
23.2
14.1
103
3047
179
100
23. 6
1981
14.1
106
3043
178
99
24 . 9
14 .1
106
3047
176
100
24 . 9
1982
14.2
106
3027
172
99
25. 9
14 .1
106
3047
174
101
25. 9
1983
13.9
109
3101
181
104
25. 8
13. 9
107
3047
173
103
26.4
1984
13.7
108
3097
179
106
26.2
13. 6
106
3047
172
105
26.8
1985
13.2
108
3091
177
111
26. 9
13.2
107
3047
170
110
27 . 1
1986
13.2
107
3041
167
111
27 . 9
13.2
107
3047
168
111
27 . 7
1987
13.0
107
3030
162
112
28 . 1
13.0
107
3047
163
114
27 . 9
1988
12.8
107
3047
160
116
28 . 6
12.8
107
3047
160
116
28 . 6
1989
12.4
108
3099
163
121
28 . 1
12. 6
107
3047
157
118
28 . 6
1990
12.1
107
3176
163
129
27 . 8
12.3
105
3047
151
121
28 . 9
1991
11.8
107
3153
163
132
28 . 0
12.0
105
3047
152
126
28 . 9
1992
11.5
108
3240
170
141
27 . 6
11.8
105
3047
151
128
29.2
1993
11.6
108
3207
166
138
28.2
11.8
105
3047
152
128
29.5
1994
11.4
108
3250
168
143
28 . 0
11.8
105
3047
149
128
29.7
1995
10.9
109
3262
167
152
28.3
11.2
105
3047
147
137
30.3
1996
10.8
109
3281
165
154
28.3
11.1
105
3047
145
138
30. 4
1997
10.7
109
3274
164
156
28 . 4
11.2
104
3047
144
138
30. 4
1998
10.6
109
3306
164
159
28.5
11.1
104
3047
143
139
30.7
1999
10.5
109
3365
166
164
28 .1
11.1
103
3047
140
139
30.5
2000
10.3
110
3371
166
168
28 .1
11.0
104
3047
139
142
30. 8
2001
10.3
109
3381
165
169
28 . 4
11.0
104
3047
137
141
31. 4
2002
10.1
110
3393
166
174
28.5
10.7
105
3047
138
145
31. 8
2003
10.0
109
3424
166
177
28 . 8
10.5
104
3047
135
148
32. 9
2004
9.8
110
3467
169
184
28.7
10.4
104
3047
135
150
33. 0
2005
9.8
111
3471
168
184
29.2
10.3
104
3047
134
152
33. 1
2006
9.5
112
3542
173
196
28 . 9
10.2
103
3047
133
155
33. 4
2007
9.6
110
3517
169
193
29.8
10.2
103
3047
131
155
34 . 0
2008
9.5
110
3548
171
199
29.8
10.2
102
3047
130
156
34 . 2
EPA420-R-08-015 Q-18 September 2008
-------
Table Q-15
Characteristics of 1975 TO 2008 Trucks
Using Each Year's Weight Mix Using 1988 Weight Mix
0-60
55/45
0-60
55/4£
Year
Time Weight
CID
HP
Lab.
Time Weight
CID
HP
Lab.
MPG
MPG
1975
13.6
4072
311
142
13.7
14 . 1
3838
285
132
14 .7
1976
13.8
4155
319
141
14 . 4
14 . 2
3838
289
129
15 . 6
1977
13.3
4135
318
147
15. 6
13.7
3838
294
135
17 . 0
1978
13.3
4149
314
146
15.2
13.7
3838
281
133
16.9
1979
14.2
4239
297
138
14.7
14 .5
3838
266
124
16.2
1980
14.4
3848
247
121
18 . 4
14 .7
3838
247
119
18.1
1981
14.4
3841
252
121
19.7
14 . 6
3838
252
120
19.5
1982
14 .1
3766
243
122
20.0
14 . 4
3838
247
122
19.6
1983
14 . 4
3732
228
118
20. 6
14 . 6
3838
233
120
20.1
1984
14 . 6
3770
223
118
20.3
14.8
3838
228
119
20.0
1985
14 .1
3787
223
124
20.5
14.2
3838
227
125
20.2
1986
13. 9
3732
211
123
21. 4
14.0
3838
221
127
20.8
1987
13.3
3710
210
131
21. 6
13.3
3838
222
136
20. 9
1988
12. 9
3838
227
141
21. 2
12.9
3838
227
141
21.2
1989
12. 8
3919
234
146
20. 9
12.8
3838
227
143
21.3
1990
12. 6
4003
237
151
20.7
12.6
3838
222
145
21 . 6
1991
12.5
3946
228
150
21.3
12. 6
3838
220
146
21 .7
1992
12.5
4055
234
155
20.8
12.5
3838
217
147
21 . 9
1993
12.1
4073
235
162
21. 0
12.2
3838
216
152
22 .1
1994
12.0
4125
239
166
20.8
12 .1
3838
214
153
22 .1
1995
12.0
4184
244
168
20.5
12 . 0
3838
213
154
22.1
1996
11.5
4224
243
179
20.8
11 . 6
3838
209
161
22. 6
1997
11.4
4344
248
187
20. 6
11 . 6
3838
203
162
22.8
1998
11.2
4282
242
187
20. 9
11 . 4
3838
202
165
23.0
1999
11. 0
4412
249
197
20.5
11.3
3838
199
167
23.1
2000
11. 0
4375
242
197
20. 8
11.2
3838
198
169
23.1
2001
10.6
44 63
243
209
20. 6
10.8
3838
194
177
23.3
2002
10.4
4546
244
219
20. 6
10.5
3838
190
183
23.8
2003
10.4
4586
243
221
20. 9
10.6
3838
188
182
24 .3
2004
10.0
4710
252
236
20. 8
10.1
3838
192
190
24 .5
2005
10.0
4 669
245
237
21. 4
10.1
3838
188
192
25.3
2006
10.0
4 669
241
235
21. 6
10.4
3838
180
186
27 .1
2007
9.7
4745
246
249
22.0
10.3
3838
178
190
26.8
2008
9.7
4742
241
252
22.4
10.2
3838
174
191
27 .5
EPA420-R-08-015 Q-19 September 2008
-------
Table Q-16
Average Car and Light Truck Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy
For Model Years 1975 to 2008
For Cars Calculated Using:
Model
Year
Each
Year's
Data
1988
Weight
Mix
1988
Size
Mix
For Trucks Calculated Using
Each 1988
Year's Weight
Data
Mix
1988
Size
Mix
1975
15.8
20.6
15
6
13.7
14.7
15.0
1976
17 . 4
22.5
17
4
14 . 4
15. 6
15. 9
1977
18.3
23.2
18
3
15. 6
17 . 0
17 . 4
1978
19.8
22.8
20
0
15.2
16.9
17 . 0
1979
20.1
22.5
19
7
14.7
16.2
15. 9
1980
23.2
23. 6
22
2
18 . 4
18 .1
18 . 4
1981
24 . 9
24 . 9
24
9
19.7
19.5
19.7
1982
25. 9
25. 9
26
2
20.0
19.6
19.6
1983
25.8
26.4
26
3
20. 6
20.1
20.2
1984
26.2
26.8
26
6
20.3
20.0
20.3
1985
26.9
27 .1
27
4
20.5
20.2
20.7
1986
27 . 9
27 . 7
28
1
21. 4
20.8
21.2
1987
28 .1
27 . 9
28
1
21. 6
20. 9
21.1
1988
28 . 6
28 . 6
28
6
21.2
21.2
21.2
1989
28 .1
28 . 6
28
4
20. 9
21.3
21. 0
1990
27 . 8
28 . 9
27
9
20.7
21. 6
21. 0
1991
28 . 0
28 . 9
27
9
21.3
21.7
21.2
1992
27 . 6
29.2
27
7
20.8
21. 9
21. 0
1993
28.2
29.5
28
4
21. 0
22.1
21.3
1994
28 . 0
29.7
28
3
20.8
22.1
21.2
1995
28.3
30.3
28
7
20.5
22.1
21.2
1996
28.3
30.4
28
8
20.8
22. 6
21. 6
1997
28 . 4
30.4
28
8
20. 6
22.8
21. 6
1998
28.5
30.7
28
9
20. 9
23.0
21. 6
1999
28 .1
30.5
28
7
20.5
23.1
21.2
2000
28 .1
30.8
28
7
20.8
23.1
21.7
2001
28 . 4
31. 4
28
7
20. 6
23.3
21.7
2002
28.5
31. 8
28
8
20. 6
23.8
21.3
2003
28 . 8
32. 9
28
8
20. 9
24 .3
21. 9
2004
28.7
33.0
28
9
20.8
24 .5
21.7
2005
29.2
33.1
29
5
21. 4
25.3
22.5
2006
28 . 9
33.4
29
7
21. 6
27 .1
22.7
2007
29.8
34 . 0
30
3
22.0
26.8
22. 9
2008
29.8
34.2
30
5
22.4
27.5
23.2
EPA42 0-R-0 8-015
Q-20
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