EPA-350-R 09-001
January 2009
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
OFFICE OF INSPECTOR GENERAL
Annual Superfund
Report to Congress
for Fiscal Year 2008
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OIG Scorecard Summary ofSuperfund Results
by OIG Goal - Fiscal Year 2008
Office of Inspector General (OIG) Goal: Contribute to human health and environmental quality
through improved business practices, accountability, and integrity of program operations.
Below are Superfund results of OIG work in terms of outputs, actions by EPA, and impacts.
Dollars in Millions
Audits, Program Evaluations, and Special Reviews
9 Policy, Practice, Process Actions, or Changes Made
3 Critical Public or Congressional Concerns Addressed
17 Certifications/Validations/Verifications
27 Recommendations for Management Improvement
11 Recommendations for Environmental Improvement
3 Management Recommendations Sustained
4 Referrals for Agency Action
3 Environmental Recommendations/Actions Sustained
1 Environmental Risk Identified
8 Recommendations Reported as Implemented Previously Identified Unimplemented by Follow-up*
14 Unimplemented Recommendations Identified
$0.3 Questioned Costs
$60.5 Cost Efficiencies
$3.0 Total Questioned Cost Sustained
$7.7 Total Cost Efficiencies Sustained
Investigative Operations
$0.8 Fines, Settlements, Restitutions
7 Indictments/Informations
2 Convictions
2 Sentencings
0 Civil Settlements
3 Administrative Actions
* Reported by Agency as implemented of those reported by OIG in Report No. 08-P-0123 as Unimplemented.
Sources: Performance Measurement and Results System, Inspector General Enterprise Management System,
Inspector General Operations and Reporting System, and other OIG reports
To find out more about the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Inspector General and its activities, visit our Website at:
http://www.epa.gov/oig
Cover photos: From top: The northern former disposal area in Zone 1 for the Stringfellow Superfund
site near Glen Avon, California (EPA photo); the contaminated soil mound with a high
density polyethylene cap at the Escambia Treating Company Superfund site in
Pensacola, Florida (EPA OIG photo); and the South Parcel of the Stauffer Chemical
Company Superfund site in Tarpon Springs, Florida (EPA OIG photo).
Printed on 100% recycled paper (minimum 50% postconsumer)
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As the amount of funds available for Superfund work continues to
diminish, it becomes increasingly imperative for the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) to spend its Superfund dollars as prudently as
possible to achieve maximum benefits from dollars available. This report
covers the Fiscal Year 2008 Superfund activity of the EPA Office of
Inspector General. The Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act
of 1986 requires the Office of Inspector General to annually audit the
Superfund program and report the results to Congress.
Although EPA regions have recovered 56 percent of the total Superfund
costs from sites reviewed during an evaluation, they could recover more.
EPA had not collected as much as $129 million (44 percent), and
determined it will not attempt to recover between $30 million and
$90 million of that amount. This indicates a potentially significant
breakdown in controls over Superfund cost recovery.
By Fiscal Year 2010, we found that EPA Region 9 could reclassify or
transfer to the Superfund Trust Fund up to $47.8 million in special
account funds for the Stringfellow Superfund site in California. EPA
agreed to reclassify $20 million of that and will, at least temporarily, keep
the remaining $27.8 million as a buffer for unknowns. Further, Region 8
can reclassify or transfer to the Superfund Trust Fund nearly $8 million
from the special accounts for the Portland Cement site in Utah. In another
review, we found $1.8 million in interagency agreement costs that EPA
could redistribute, as well as $2.8 million in cooperative agreement costs.
An audit of one of EPA's Superfund Technical Assistance and Response
Team contractors noted the billing of $440,000 in ineligible labor and
subcontract costs. Freeing up the funds noted above would enable EPA to
use those funds for other, pressing Superfund needs.
Neither EPA nor New Jersey took actions needed to ensure progress at
seven New Jersey-led Superfund site clean-ups listed on the National
Priorities List for over 20 years. Another review noted that EPA lacks the
internal controls necessary to monitor compliance with Superfund
enforcement instruments nationally; these instruments include authorities
to compel clean-ups, such as settlement agreements.
We are pleased to note that our follow-up reviews at two sites in Florida -
the Escambia Treating Company site in Pensacola and the Stauffer
Chemical Company site in Tarpon Springs - indicated that EPA Region 4
generally took the corrective actions recommended in our 2004 reports.
As a result of an investigation, a New Jersey company and various
officials pled guilty in a bid rigging scheme in connection with
subcontracts for wastewater treatment supplies and services at two New
Jersey Superfund sites. Invoices were inflated to cover almost
$1.3 million in kickbacks to employees of a prime contractor in exchange
for steering subcontracts to a firm.
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Addressing Superfund funding and program management remains an
important issue, and we will continue to assist Congress and EPA in their
efforts to protect against potential adverse health and environmental
impacts resulting from Superfund sites.
Bill A. Roderick
Deputy Inspector General
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EPA Office of Inspector General Annual Superfund Report to Congress for Fiscal Year 2008
Table of Contents
Hazardous Substance Superfund Trust Fund 1
EPA Earns Unqualified Opinion on Financial Statements 1
EPA Can Recover More Superfund Money 2
EPA Can Reclassify or Transfer Up to $47.8 Million from Stringfellow Site 2
EPA Can Better Use Nearly $8 Million from Utah Site's Superfund Special Accounts 3
Corrective Actions Not Complete for Undistributed Superfund Site Costs 3
Contract Cost Verification Review Notes $440,000 in Ineligible Costs 4
Assistance Agreements 5
EPA Deobligates Nearly $7.3 Million Cited in Prior Audit Report 5
Remedial Action Decision Making 6
Improved Controls Needed to Reduce Superfund Backlogs 6
EPA Needs to Track Compliance with Superfund Clean-up Requirements 7
Superfund Site Deletions Should Undergo Quality Assurance Review 7
Follow-up at Escambia Site Found Most Recommendations Implemented 8
Corrective Actions Generally Implemented at Stauffer Site 8
Response Claim 10
Review of Old Southington Superfund Site Claim 10
Performance Review 11
EPA's National Emergency Response Planning Needs Improvement 11
Investigative Activity 12
Pleas Entered in Bid Rigging Case 12
Printing Company Sentenced for Making False Statements 13
OIG Financial Statements 14
Listing of Fiscal Year 2008 Superfund Reports 15
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EPA Office of Inspector General Annual Superfund Report to Congress for Fiscal Year 2008
Hazardous Substance Superfund Trust Fund
The Government Management and Reform Act requires federal agencies to prepare annual audited
financial statements. The Act was passed to help improve agencies' financial management practices,
systems, and controls so that timely, reliable information is available to manage federal programs.
One of the major entities included in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) financial
statements is the Hazardous Substance Superfund Trust Fund. Our audit of EPA financial statements also
meets our Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA)
requirement to annually audit the Superfund Trust Fund. EPA presented the financial statements for
Fiscal Year 2008 in a consolidated format and did not include a separate presentation on the Superfund
Trust Fund.
The summary below of our Fiscal Year 2008 financial statement audit highlights areas that pertain to
the Hazardous Substance Superfund Trust Fund. After the details on the financial statement audit are
summaries on several other reviews we conducted that note ways EPA can improve its management of
Superfund resources.
EPA Earns Unqualified Opinion on Financial Statements
We rendered an unqualified, or clean, opinion on EPA's Consolidated Financial
Statements for Fiscal Years 2008 and 2007. That means we found the statements to be
fairly presented and free of material misstatement. However, in evaluating internal
controls we noted eight significant deficiencies. Significant deficiencies are deficiencies
in internal controls that adversely affect the entity's ability to report financial data
reliably in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles such that there is
more than a remote likelihood that a misstatement of the entity's financial statements will
not be prevented or detected. The eight significant deficiencies noted are as follows:
• EPA needs to reconcile Superfund State Contract funds and credits in the general
ledger to subsidiary accounts.
• Improvement is needed in monitoring Superfund Special Account balances.
• EPA's oversight of payroll reconciliation needs improvement.
• Accrual was not properly calculated for federal unbilled receivables.
• EPA's review of unliquidated obligations for interagency agreements and
Headquarters-funded grants was incomplete.
• The Integrated Financial Management System Vendor Table was susceptible to
unauthorized changes and changes were not adequately documented.
• The lack of a system implementation process contributed to financial applications
not complying with requirements.
• EPA did not properly account for capitalized software and related accumulated
depreciation.
In addition, regarding compliance with laws and regulations, as of September 30, 2008,
EPA reported $192 million in unreconciled differences with 46 trading partners for
intragovernmental transactions.
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EPA Office of Inspector General Annual Superfund Report to Congress for Fiscal Year 2008
The Agency generally agreed with the internal control and noncompliance issues raised
and has begun taking corrective actions.
We issued our report (09-1-0026) on November 14, 2008.
EPA Can Recover More Superfund Money
EPA regions have recovered $165 million of $294 million (56 percent) of the total
Superfund costs from sites we reviewed, and can recover more.
Potentially responsible parties at these sites have generally paid what they have been
billed. EPA has not collected as much as $129 million (44 percent), and has determined
that it will not attempt to recover between $30 million and $90 million of this amount.
This indicates a potentially significant breakdown in controls over Superfund cost
recovery.
Regions generally use similar billing processes to recover their Superfund costs from
private parties, but we found some exceptions. For example, we found that two EPA
regions discovered they should have billed two sites about $1.8 million, but did not.
These costs are now being billed. One EPA region did not include about $8 million in a
negotiated settlement for a site because the costs were incorrectly assigned to another site.
We recommended that EPA (1) enhance cost recovery guidance for all the regions,
(2) implement mechanisms to determine how efficiently it is recovering site costs, and
(3) implement performance measures to track how efficiently it is recovering these costs.
EPA concurred with all recommendations.
We issued our report (08-P-0116) on March 26, 2008.
EPA Can Reclassify or Transfer Up to $47.8 Million from
Stringfellow Site
By Fiscal Year 2010, EPA Region 9 could reclassify, or transfer to the Hazardous
Substance Superfund Trust Fund, up to $47.8 million in special account funds for the
Stringfellow Superfund site, located near Glen Avon, California. This would potentially
allow $47.8 million to be available for better use in Region 9's Superfund program or
elsewhere in the Nation.
EPA retains funds received in settlements in site-specific accounts, called "special
accounts." The OIG has been evaluating EPA's use of special accounts that had high
available balances or were at least 10 years old. The special accounts for the Stringfellow
Superfund site had a high available balance of $117.8 million.
We recommended that the Region 9 Administrator reclassify or transfer to the Superfund
Trust Fund, as appropriate, $47.8 million of the Stringfellow special accounts. In
response to our draft report, EPA agreed to reclassify $20 million by the end of Fiscal
Year 2008. The Agency stated that the remaining amount (up to $27.8 million) was a
"buffer for unknowns," some amount of which will be needed for oversight costs, and
indicated that it could potentially reclassify or transfer this remaining amount to the
Superfund Trust Fund (plus any earned interest) by the end of Fiscal Year 2011.
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EPA Office of Inspector General Annual Superfund Report to Congress for Fiscal Year 2008
The $70 million remaining in the accounts (out of $117.8 million) are to cover potential EPA
clean-up costs if the responsible party (the State of California) is unable to pay. In a future
report, the OIG plans to address EPA's management of funds held back for these purposes.
We issued our report (08-P-0196) on July 9, 2008. Region 9 completed reclassifying
$20 million in July 2008.
EPA Can Better Use Nearly $8 Million from Utah Site's
Superfund Special Accounts
Region 8 can reclassify, or transfer to the Superfund Trust Fund, nearly $8 million from the
special accounts for the Portland Cement site in Salt Lake City, Utah.
Construction was complete at the site in September 2006. The Region had said there
would be minimal but undetermined future costs for site maintenance, to be paid from an
$8.5 million balance. However, the Region did not timely review, reclassify, or transfer
any of these funds because the Region considered doing so a low priority.
After receiving our draft "Early Warning" report in February 2008, Region 8 reclassified
approximately $3 million from the Portland Cement special accounts. The Region said
these funds will be used for clean-up needs at the Libby Superfund site in Montana and
Superfund records center site-specific work. The Region documented its plans to
reclassify some portion of the remaining special account balance (about $5 million) after
it determines the amount of funds it will reimburse the State of Utah. Had Region 8 more
timely reclassified these special account funds, cleanup needs at other sites that receive
Trust Fund appropriations may have been met sooner. After the Region reclassifies the
special account funds reviewed, more funds will be available to support other Superfund
priorities.
We also found that Region 8 can reclassify, or transfer to the Trust Fund, approximately
$16,000 from special accounts for four other sites.
EPA agreed with our recommendations to reclassify or transfer the $8 million from the
Portland Cement special accounts and the approximately $16,000 from special accounts
for four other sites.
We issued our report (08-P-0102) on March 17, 2008. Region 8 completed reclassifying
an additional approximately $4.1 million in July 2008.
Corrective Actions Not Complete for Undistributed Superfund
Site Costs
EPA initiated some corrective actions in response to our prior report on undistributed
Superfund site costs, but did not complete them. Also, EPA did not maintain accurate
information in the Management Audit Tracking System.
Our July 2006 report noted that EPA did not timely redistribute Superfund payments
from a general site identifier to specific sites. When Superfund costs are not redistributed
appropriately from a general site identifier to a specific site identifier, these costs may not
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EPA Office of Inspector General Annual Superfund Report to Congress for Fiscal Year 2008
be considered in settlement negotiations and oversight billings, and thus may not be
recovered from responsible parties for other uses.
Management control weaknesses contributed to a breakdown in the audit follow-up
process. EPA did not document formal work assignments for audit follow-up and
maintain accountability. EPA did not consistently monitor audit follow-up activities,
communicate follow-up status among program offices and obtain follow-up agreements,
and document work completion. Because EPA did not complete the corrective actions,
its financial management and environmental protection efforts could be impacted.
We recommended that EPA make formal work assignments, document the assignments,
hold assignees accountable, and monitor audit follow-up activity. Also, EPA should
redistribute $1.8 million in additional interagency agreement costs recorded after May 12,
2006, and redistribute $2.8 million of cooperative agreement costs to the correct general
and site-specific identifiers. EPA agreed with all our recommendations.
We issued our report (08-P-0236) on August 25, 2008.
Contract Cost Verification Review Notes $440,000 in Ineligible Costs
Based on Agency concerns related to questionable labor staffing and charging practices
of one of its Superfund Technical Assistance and Response Team contractors, we
conducted a labor and subcontract cost verification review. We found that:
• The contractor improperly billed for labor costs of employees who did not meet
the minimum contract requirements for education and training.
• No subcontractor met the minimum contract requirements for education and
training.
• The contractor billed for employees who were not approved at the time the labor
costs were incurred.
• The contractor improperly billed for employees who did not complete required
Basic Incident Command System Level 200 training.
Our review covered 1 year of the 5-year contract, and found that the Agency was billed
$440,000 in ineligible labor and subcontract costs. EPA's final resolution sustained
$130,964 of the costs questioned.
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EPA Office of Inspector General Annual Superfund Report to Congress for Fiscal Year 2008
Assistance Agreements
About half of EPA's Fiscal Year 2008 budget was awarded to organizations outside the Agency through
assistance agreements, including a significant amount of funds related to Superfund sites. CERCLA
requires audits "of a sample of agreements with States." During 2008, we did a follow-up review on the
status of funds obligated for Superfund cooperative agreements for the States of New York and New
Jersey. Details follow.
EPA Deobligates Nearly $7.3 Million Cited in Prior Audit Report
EPA Region 2 has deobligated nearly $7.3 million from Superfund cooperative
agreements for four of the six sites in New York and New Jersey that we had cited in a
prior report as needing deobligation.
Our October 2006 review identified $9.6 million under six agreements with New York
and New Jersey that could be deobligated. During this review, we found that EPA
Region 2 deobligated nearly $7.3 million. For one site (Ellis Property), the amount
deobligated exceeded what was previously identified because EPA found additional
funds that were no longer needed. For three agreements, as the remaining obligated
funds are expected to be used for ongoing work, we are not requesting that EPA take
additional corrective actions at this time. Details on amounts deobligated follow.
Status of Obligations
Site Name
Imperial Oil
Ellis Property
Burnt Fly Bog
Combe Fill South
Syncon Resins
New York Multi-Site
Total
State
New Jersey
New Jersey
New Jersey
New Jersey
New Jersey
New York
Amount in Prior
OIG Report
$5,000,000
500,000
1,000,000
2,000,000
600,000
486,744
$9,586,744
Amount
Deobligated
$5,000,000
543,500
0
1,336,578
0
384,892
$7,264,970
Sources: OIG Report No. 2007-2-00003, the Financial Data Warehouse, and information
provided by Region 2 Grants and Contracts Management Branch staff and project officers.
We did not make any recommendations in this follow-up report because EPA was taking
appropriate actions.
We issued our follow-up report (08-2-0099) on March 4, 2008.
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EPA Office of Inspector General Annual Superfund Report to Congress for Fiscal Year 2008
Remedial Action Decision Making
We performed in-depth reviews of the reliability of site-specific analytical data for sound site remediation
decisions. Also, we worked closely with the Agency to characterize Superfund sites. Through these and
other actions, we are working to ensure that EPA decisions on site remediation are based on data of known
quality. During 2008, we found ways in which EPA could improve remedial action decision making.
Improved Controls Needed to Reduce Superfund Backlogs
Neither EPA nor the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection took actions
needed to ensure progress at seven New Jersey-led Superfund site clean-ups listed on the
National Priorities List for over 20 years.
The Office of Management and Budget requested us to evaluate EPA's management of
the backlog of Superfund sites. We focused on New Jersey because it had 38 of the
144 non-federal sites on the National Priorities List as of February 2007 that were over
20 years old but had still not reached construction completion. That was 26 percent of
the sites, more than any other State.
Delays at the New Jersey sites occurred primarily because EPA Region 2 and New Jersey
did not use available authorities to prevent delays and implement internal controls.
Region 2 and New Jersey did not implement agreements on clean-up milestones, Agency
responsibilities, and enforcement actions. Continued clean-up delays will result in
increased costs, prevent appropriate land reuse and redevelopment, and perpetuate
concern about the risks associated with living near these sites.
For the seven sites reviewed, various interim clean-up actions had been taken to address
the impact of site contaminants on human health. However, the site progress profiles on
EPA's public Website did not include these interim actions as part of the status of clean-
up progress. As a result, progress being made on sites may not be readily communicated
to the public.
We recommended that EPA Region 2 coordinate with New Jersey Department of
Environmental Protection officials the cleaning up of specified sites more than 20 years
old. Region 2 should assume lead status from New Jersey for those sites where both
agencies agree it would be beneficial. We also recommended that EPA improve Internet
site profiles as needed. EPA agreed with all of our recommendations.
We issued our report (08-P-0169) on June 2, 2008.
Seven New Jersey National Priorities List Sites Reviewed Over 20 Year Old
• Brick Township Landfill, Brick Township, Ocean County
• Evor Phillips Leasing Company, Old Bridge Township, Middlesex County
• Hercules, Inc., Gibbstown, Gloucester County
• American Cyanamid, Bridgewater Township, Somerset County
• Jones Industrial Services Landfill, Inc., South Brunswick, Middlesex County
• Universal Oil Products, East Rutherford, Bergen County
• Ventron/Velsicol, Wood Ridge Borough, Bergen County
Source: EPA OIG analysis
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EPA Office of Inspector General Annual Superfund Report to Congress for Fiscal Year 2008
EPA Needs to Track Compliance with Superfund Clean-up Requirements
EPA lacks the internal controls necessary to monitor compliance with Superfund
enforcement instruments nationally.
As of September 30, 2007, Superfund had almost 3,400 active enforcement instruments
to ensure clean-ups at National Priorities List sites. The instruments establish
requirements for responsible parties to conduct and pay for Superfund clean-ups; they
include settlement agreements and unilateral administrative orders.
EPA does not nationally compile or track data on substantial noncompliance based on the
enforcement instruments. In 2000, EPA acknowledged it needed to improve its
enforcement data and wrote a report on the subject, but has yet to implement its own
recommendation for regions to improve data. As a result, the Agency lacks the internal
controls necessary to monitor compliance with Superfund instruments nationally.
We recommended that EPA track and monitor substantial noncompliance by using and
modifying, as appropriate, the existing Superfund information system. We also
recommended that EPA establish enforceable response actions to address contamination
from the Muskego Landfill Site, in Waukesha County, Wisconsin. EPA agreed with our
recommendations and proposed responsive actions.
We issued our report (08-P-0141) on April 28, 2008.
Superfund Site Deletions Should Undergo Quality Assurance Review
As of September 2007, EPA had deleted 322 sites from the Superfund National Priorities
List. However, of the eight sites we reviewed, EPA's documentation for deleting three of
those sites was not consistent with Agency guidance.
Generally, EPA may delete a site
from the National Priorities List
either when all appropriate
responses under the
Comprehensive Environmental
Response, Compensation, and
Liability Act have been
implemented or a response under
the Act is not appropriate.
EPA's Deletion Process
Complete final close-out report for site
Prepare draft notice of intent to delete
Obtain State concurrence for deletion
Compile the deletion docket
Publish notice of intent to delete and provide
30-day public comment period
Prepare and place final responsiveness summary
in deletion docket and public repositories
Publish notice of deletion
Source: Office of Solid Waste and Emergency
Response Directive 9320.2-09A-P, January 2000,
Close Out Procedures for National Priority Sites
In addition to documentation on
the Agency's decision to delete
three sites not being consistent
with EPA guidance, two of these
sites also were not supported by data and analysis. Therefore, EPA did not ensure
clean-up activities and goals were complete and remedies were fully protecting human
health and the environment before deleting those two sites.
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EPA Office of Inspector General Annual Superfund Report to Congress for Fiscal Year 2008
EPA has conducted limited national oversight of deletion decisions made by EPA's
regional offices. Not all regions submitted required information, so when decisions were
made, EPA did not verify that sites met criteria.
We recommended that EPA implement a national quality assurance process that ensures
deletion decisions meet criteria and are supported. EPA agreed with our
recommendations.
We issued our report (08-P-0235) on August 20, 2008.
Follow-up at Escambia Site Found Most Recommendations
Implemented
EPA Region 4 implemented all but one of our prior report recommendations at the
Escambia Treating Company Superfund site in Pensacola, Florida.
Our September 2004 report noted various areas needing improvement at the Escambia
site, an abandoned wood preserving facility where various health risks were identified
and from which about 358 households were permanently relocated. We had made several
recommendations in that prior report.
In our follow-up review, we found that EPA and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
monitored the housing inspection process, updated the Community Involvement Plan,
conducted public availability sessions with the public, and provided the administrative
record compact discs (CDs) to the site repository. Overall, residents, local governments,
and businesses indicated Region 4 openly communicated and provided timely
information regarding the site.
Although Region 4 indicated it had provided electronic files containing the site
administrative record to Citizens Against Toxic Exposure (GATE), an environmental
group, CATE's current president told us during the follow-up review that the
organization did not receive any CDs from the Region. The Region was unable to locate
any evidence (e.g., a copy of a transmittal letter) that it had submitted the CDs to GATE.
We recommended that EPA Region 4 provide copies of the updated administrative record
CDs to GATE; the Region concurred and indicated it provided the CDs on May 8, 2008.
We issued our report (08-P-0200) on July 14, 2008.
Corrective Actions Generally Implemented at Stauffer Site
EPA Region 4 generally made corrective actions in response to a 2004 EPA OIG report on
the Stauffer Chemical Company Superfund Site, Tarpon Springs, Florida.
The plant was used from 1947 to 1981 to process phosphorous. EPA approved leaving
the contaminants at the site after consolidating and solidifying them and installing a cap.
In June 2004, the OIG identified actions needed to allay public concerns about clean-up
actions proposed for the site.
Under a consent decree, Stauffer is preparing a design for EPA-approved clean-up actions.
In December 2007, the design was 30 percent complete. Region 4 had revised the
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EPA Office of Inspector General Annual Superfund Report to Congress for Fiscal Year 2008
community involvement plan for the site to include some community activity during the
design phase, and these activities were being performed. Also, Region 4 is examining
whether karst (limestone formation) was present at the clean-up site and could affect the
site.
We did not make any recommendations for further corrective actions.
We issued our report (08-P-0264) on September 16, 2008.
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EPA Office of Inspector General Annual Superfund Report to Congress for Fiscal Year 2008
Response Claim
CERCLA, as amended by the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986, authorizes EPA
to pay any claim for response costs as a result of carrying out the National Contingency Plan. Potentially
Responsible Parties, who often make these claims, are required to enter into a Preauthorized Decision
Document with EPA to cover work for which some costs will be reimbursed. The document specifies the
work to be performed, the portion of the cost EPA will reimburse, and the procedures through which the
Potentially Responsible Parties can make claims for reimbursement. While we do not audit response
claims, we review claims by following the instructions in EPA's claims guidance for the claims adjuster.
During 2008, we completed one such review, as discussed below.
Review of Old Southington Superfund Site Claim
We reviewed the fourth mixed funding claim submitted by United Technologies
Corporation and the Town of Southington, on behalf of the settling defendants for the
Old Southington Superfund Site in Connecticut. The Preauthorized Decision Document
authorizes the claimant to submit claims for an amount which was the lesser of
$8,800,165 or 63.09 percent of eligible, reasonable, and necessary costs incurred for
design of the remedial action pursuant to the Record of Decision and Consent Decree.
We recommended that EPA accept the claim as perfected, and accept for reimbursement
$1,165,701, which represents the total amount remaining for reimbursement.
We issued our report (08-4-0270) on September 18, 2008.
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EPA Office of Inspector General Annual Superfund Report to Congress for Fiscal Year 2008
Performance Review
In addition to the reviews required by CERCLA and the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act,
we conduct other reviews related to Superfund issues. Following is a summary of one completed during
Fiscal Year 2008.
EPA's National Emergency Response Planning Needs Improvement
EPA's Emergency Response Business Plan for responding to national-level
incidents needs improvement.
EPA developed the plan in 2006 as the framework for responding to national-level
incidents while maintaining an effective day-to-day Superfund emergency response and
removal program. The plan involves EPA's resource needs to respond to three different
national emergency scenarios, involving various combinations of radiological, biological,
and chemical attacks. EPA has faced unprecedented challenges in responding to
incidents of national significance, including the World Trade Center and Pentagon
terrorist attacks and Hurricanes Katrina and Rita. These events have placed new
requirements on EPA's Superfund emergency response and removal programs. New
response plans had to be developed to address new requirements and ensure that
Superfund responders are adequately prepared.
EPA's plan did not disclose the basis for EPA's resource estimates. EPA management
stated they did not consider State and local resources in their resource estimates because
they believed they would be working with the affected State and local governments in a
unified command structure.
The plan does not satisfy EPA's need for a framework to respond to incidents of national
significance. Assumptions are undocumented, resource requirements unsupported, and
internal and external coordination of response planning minimal. The plan may focus
EPA's preparation on the wrong resource allocations, leaving the Agency unprepared.
EPA intends to address some of these issues as the plan is revised; the plan is evolving as
EPA continues to make progress and improvements.
We recommended that EPA revise the plan to incorporate methodology and assumptions
used, the rationale for selecting incidents of national significance, lessons learned from past
incidents, logistics of resource deployment, and risk communications. EPA concurred with
our recommendations.
We issued our report (08-P-0055) on January 9, 2008.
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EPA Office of Inspector General Annual Superfund Report to Congress for Fiscal Year 2008
Investigative Activity
The OIG Office of Investigations continued to focus its investigative resources on allegations of fraud,
waste, and abuse in high risk and high dollar areas, including in the Superfund program. During Fiscal
Year 2008, our Superfund investigative efforts resulted in:
• $775,825 in monetary fines and restitution
• 7 indictments/informations
• 2 convictions
• 2 sentencings
• 0 civil settlements
• 3 administrative actions
Following are two instances of Superfund investigative activity with results in Fiscal Year 2008.
Pleas Entered in Bid Rigging Case
On July 23, 2008, in the U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey,
JMJ Environmental, Inc., of Laurel Springs, New Jersey, as well as its owner and a former
employee of a prime contractor, were charged and pled guilty in a bid-rigging scheme in
connection with subcontracts for wastewater treatment supplies and services at two
Superfund sites in New Jersey. On July 31, 2008, Bennett Environmental, Inc. (BEI), a
Canadian company, was also charged and pled guilty for its role in the scheme. Sentences
are pending.
JMJ and John Drimak, Jr., the firm's owner, pled guilty to rigging bids at the Federal
Creosote Superfund site in Manville, New Jersey, from approximately October 2002 to
February 2006. Drimak also pled guilty to one count of conspiracy to defraud EPA at the
Federal Creosote site and to defraud Tierra Solutions, Inc., at the Diamond Alkali
Superfund site in Newark, New Jersey. As part of the conspiracy, Drimak participated in
a false invoicing and kickback scheme from January 2002 until April 2007. He also pled
guilty to filing false income tax returns for 2002 through 2005.
Norman Stoerr, a former employee of a prime contractor, pled guilty to rigging bids at
the Federal Creosote site from approximately October 2002 to October 2003. In addition,
Stoerr pled guilty to one count of conspiracy to defraud EPA at the Federal Creosote site
and to defraud Tierra Solutions at the Diamond Alkali Superfund site by participating in a
false invoicing and kickback scheme from the fall 2000 until spring 2004. Stoerr also
pled guilty to one count of aiding Drimak in filing a false income tax return.
Drimak, Stoerr, and other co-conspirators thwarted the competitive bidding process and
defrauded EPA. Drimak provided more than $26,000 in kickbacks to Stoerr and more than
$385,000 to Stoerr's former supervisor in exchange for their assistance in allocating certain
subcontracts to JMJ. The kickbacks were in the form of checks, cash, cruises, home
renovations, boat trailers, and airline tickets. In addition, Stoerr and a former supervisor
inflated invoices and accepted kickbacks from three other subcontractors at the Superfund sites.
BEI pled guilty to conspiracy to defraud EPA at the Federal Creosote site by inflating the
prices it charged to a prime contractor and paying kickbacks to employees of that
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EPA Office of Inspector General Annual Superfund Report to Congress for Fiscal Year 2008
contractor from approximately May 2002 until spring 2004. BEI was given confidential
bid information that it used to inflate invoices to cover almost $1.3 million in kickbacks
to employees of the prime contractor in exchange for their assistance in steering
subcontracts to BEI. The kickbacks were in the form of money wire transfers, cruises for
senior officials, various entertainment tickets, and home entertainment electronics. As
part of the fraudulent scheme, BEI and its co-conspirators also included amounts they
kept for themselves in the inflated invoices.
This case is being conducted with the Internal Revenue Service Criminal Investigation
Division.
Printing Company Sentenced for Making False Statements
On October 25, 2007, Ramallo Brothers Printing, Inc. (Ramallo Brothers), of San Juan,
Puerto Rico, was convicted of making false statements to EPA and the Puerto Rico
Environmental Quality Board (EQB). The company was sentenced to 4 years of
probation, a $750,000 fine, and an $800 special assessment. Subsequently, on February
27, 2008, Angel Ramallo-Diaz, former president and chief executive officer of the firm,
was convicted of negligent discharge of a pollutant into waters of the United States and
sentenced to 3 years of probation, a $25,000 fine, and a $25 special assessment. These
judicial proceedings occurred in the U.S. District Court for the District of Puerto Rico.
Ramallo Brothers created a variety of wastes and byproducts from its printing business,
including ink, which were placed in drums and transported to "La Finca" ("The Farm") on a
regular basis. In September 2000, EPA requested information from Ramallo Brothers
pursuant to Section 104(e) of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation,
and Liability Act (Superfund). This information pertained to the hazardous substances and
industrial wastes that were used, stored, generated, disposed of, or otherwise handled by
them at the La Finca location. In June 2001, Ramallo Brothers responded by telling EPA the
company had not disposed of any industrial waste at La Finca even though they knew that
they had placed, stored, handled, and disposed of industrial waste at the site.
In addition, in February 2005, EQB requested information and documents from Ramallo
Brothers concerning the disposal of industrial liquid waste. In response to that request,
Ramallo Brothers submitted fraudulent "dump tickets" or manifests reflecting the
disposal of the liquid industrial waste at the Puerto Nuevo wastewater treatment plant,
even though this plant was closed and not accepting industrial wastewater.
Angel Ramallo-Diaz was also the vice president of Caribbean Forms Manufacturing, Inc.
(CFM). The CFM facility used a variety of inks and generated ink and other liquid
wastewater. The facility included an outside wastewater storage tank that held the ink
and other industrial wastewater. During an inspection at the facility in February 2004,
EQB discovered a rupture in a pipe leading to the outside storage tank. The rupture
allowed blue ink and other wastewater to leak onto the ground and saturate the area
behind the facility. EQB determined that the discharge of ink and wastewater from the
pipe reached the Loiza River via a creek that was located behind the manufacturing
facility. Neither Ramallo nor CFM had a permit to discharge into the creek or the Loiza
River. Ramallo failed to contain the release, thereby allowing the waste to enter into the
ground water and the Loiza River.
This investigation was conducted with the EPA Criminal Investigation Division.
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EPA Office of Inspector General Annual Superfund Report to Congress for Fiscal Year 2008
OIG Financial Statements
Analysis of OIG's Fiscal Year 2008 Superfund Use
and Carryover Balance
Superfund
Budget
Object Class
PC&B
Travel
Site Travel
Expenses
Contracts
WCF
Grants
FY 2007
Carryover
Avail in 08
$757,106
57,294
0
234,796
1 64,673
0
23.514
FY 2007
Carryover
Used in 08
$749,742
55,084
0
232,523
159,568
0
23.514
FY 2007
Lapsed
Funds
$7,314
2,210
0
2,273
5,105
0
0
FY 2008
Approp
$8,469,060
572,000
0
249,940
1 ,538,900
655,000
1.079
FY 2008
Used in 08
$7,827,983
249,836
0
230,186
1 ,486,284
655,000
810
FY 2008
Carryover
$641 ,077
322,164
0
19,754
52,616
0
269
Total Cost
of FY 08
Operations
$8,577,775
304,920
0
462,709
1 ,645,852
655,000
24.324
Total SF
$1,237,383
$1,220,481
$16,902 $11,485,979 $10,450,099 $1,035,880 $11,670,580
Source: EPA Integrated Financial Management System
FY 2008 OIG Superfund FTE Usage
FY 2008 Available
FY 2008 FTEs Used
% of FTEs Used
72.0 (66 on board 09/30/08)
62.7
87.1%
FTE Full-Time Equivalent
FY Fiscal Year
PC&B Personnel Compensation and Benefits
SF Superfund
WCF Working Capital Fund
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EPA Office of Inspector General Annual Superfund Report to Congress for Fiscal Year 2008
Listing of Fiscal Year 2008 Superfund Reports
Report No. Description Date
08-2-0001 COM Federal Programs Corp - FY 2004 RAC 68-W5-0022 02-OCT-07
08-2-0002 COM Federal Programs Corp - FY 2004 RAC 68-W9-8210 04-OCT-07
08-2-0003 Weston Solutions, Inc. - FY 2004 RAC - 68-W7-0026 05-OCT-07
08-2-0004 CH2MHNI, Inc. - FY 2003 RAC - 68-W6-0025 11-OCT-07
08-2-0007 Black & Veatch Spec Proj Corp - FY2001 RAC 68-W5-0004 06-NOV-07
08-2-0008 Tetra Tech EC, Inc. - FY 2005 RAC 68-W9-8214 06-DEC-07
08-P-0055 Emergency Response Business Plan 09-JAN-08
08-2-0058 COM Federal Programs Corp - FY 2005 RAC - 68-W9-8210 15-JAN-08
08-2-0072 COM Federal Programs Corp - FY 2005 RAC - 68-W5-0022 30-JAN-08
08-2-0085 Black & Veatch - FY 2002 RAC Spec Projects 68-W5-0004 20-FEB-08
08-1-0096 Roy F. Weston - FY 1999 Incurred Cost 28-FEB-08
08-2-0097 Black & Veatch Special Proj Corp - FY 2002 RAC 68-W9-9043 28-FEB-08
08-2-0099 New York/New Jersey Cooperative Agreements Follow-up 04-MAR-08
08-P-0102 Utilization of Superfund Special Accounts 17-MAR-08
08-P-0116 Superfund Expenditures at National Priorities List Sites 30-MAR-08
08-1-0130 Morrison Knudsen Corporation - FY 1999 Incurred Cost 15-APR-08
08-P-0141 EPA Needs to Track Compliance with Superfund Clean-up Requirements 28-APR-08
08-P-0169 Management of the National Priorities List 02-JUN-08
08-2-0192 URS Corporation - FY2001 RAC Close-out 68-W-98-228 01-JUL-08
08-P-0196 Making Better Use of Stringfellow Superfund Special Accounts 09-JUL-08
08-P-0200 Follow-up at Escambia Treating Company Site, Pensacola, FL 14-JUL-08
08-2-0209 URS Corporation - FY 2002 RAC Annual Close-out 68-W-98-228 24-JUL-08
08-P-0235 EPA Decisions to Delete Superfund Sites Should Undergo QA Review 20-AUG-08
08-P-0236 Follow-up on Undistributed Site Costs 25-AUG-08
08-2-0246 Tetra Tech EM, Inc. - FY 2004 RAC 68-W6-0037 04-SEP-08
08-P-0264 Follow-up at Stauffer Chemical Company Site, Tarpon Springs, FL 16-SEP-08
08-P-0265 Unliquidated Obligations in Brownfields Pilot Grants 16-SEP-08
08-4-0270 Old Southington Superfund Site (United Technologies)-Mixed Funding 18-SEP-08
09-1-0026 * EPA's Fiscal 2008 and 2007 Consolidated Financial Statements 14-NOV-08
Report issued in Fiscal Year 2009
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It's your money
It's your environment
Report fraud, waste or abuse
e-mail: OIG_Hotline@epa.gov
write: EPA Inspector General Hotline 2491T
1200 Pennsylvania Avenue NW
Washington DC 20460
fax: 202-566-2549
phone: 1-888-546-8740
www.epa.gov/oig/ombudsman-hotline/how2file.htm
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