&EPA
   United States
   Environmental Protection
   Agency
                         Indoor airPLUS
                  CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS
                                   EPA Indoor
                                   airPLUS
                                     Indoor Air Quality (IAQ)

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About  the Indoor airPLUS  Construction Specifications
These specifications were developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to recognize new homes equipped
with a comprehensive set of Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) features. They were developed with significant input from stakeholders,
based on best available science and information about risks associated with IAQ problems, and balanced with practical issues
of cost, builder production process compatibility, and verifiability. Although these measures were designed to help improve
IAQ in new homes compared with homes built to minimum code, they alone cannot prevent all IAQ problems. Occupant
behavior is also important. For example, smoking indoors would negatively affect IAQ and the performance of the specified
Indoor airPLUS measures. For more information, visit epa.gov/indoorairplus.

How to Qualify a  Home for the Indoor airPLUS  Label
Homes that comply with these specifications and are verified with a completed Indoor airPLUS
Verification Checklist can use Indoor airPLUS as a complementary label to ENERGY STAR for
New Homes. Only ENERGY STAR qualified homes are eligible for this label. Verification can be
completed during the ENERGY STAR inspection process, and must be conducted in accordance with
Residential Energy Services Network (RESNET) Standards by a  RESNET-accredited provider and          Qualified homes earn the
must meet all applicable codes. Instructions for  Indoor airPLUS verification are on the back page of the      Indoor airPLUS label.
Verification Checklist.                                                                        Place jt next to tne
                                                                                         ENERGY STAR label.

Terms  Used in This  Document

• EXCEPTIONS to the requirements described in these construction specifications are noted as appropriate.
 For climate exceptions, refer to the 2006 International  Energy Conservation Code (IECC) Climate Zone map
 (Figure 301.1) on the inside back cover. Climate Zone names may include a number for the temperature zone
 and a letter for the moisture zone (e.g., Zone 3C refers to coastal California only).
• NOTES provide  additional information to clarify specification requirements.
• ADVISORIES provide additional guidance to be considered, but are not specification requirements.
• ABBREVIATIONS and REFERENCES used in these specifications are listed on pages 8 to 10.
• PERFORMANCE TEST ALTERNATIVES describe alternate compliance approaches where performance testing
 is practical and  results are comparable to those of the prescriptive best practices required in the specification.
Table of Contents
Indoor airPLUS Verification Checklist	i
Indoor airPLUS Construction Specifications	1
 1. Moisture Control	1
 2. Radon Control	3
 3. Pest Barriers	3
 4. HVAC Systems	4
 5. Combustion Pollutant Control	 6
 6. Low Emission Materials	7
 7. Home Commissioning	7
Abbreviations	8
References	9
Climate Zones Map	  Inside Back Cover

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United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
                   Indoor airPLUS Verification Checklist
Address or Div/Lot#:
City/State/Zip: Date:
Section
Moisture Control
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Requirements (see Indoor airPLUS Construction Specifications for details)
N/A
Verified by
Builder
Rater
Water-Managed Site and Foundation
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
Site & foundation drainage: sloped grade, protected drain tile, & foundation floor drains
Capillary break below concrete slabs & in crawlspaces (Exception - see specification)
Foundation wall damp-proofed or water-proofed (Except for homes without below-grade walls)
Basements/crawlspaces insulated & conditioned (Exceptions - see specification)

D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
Water-Managed Wall Assemblies
1.5
1.6
Continuous drainage plane behind exterior cladding, properly flashed to foundation
Window & door openings fully flashed


D
D
D
D
Water-Managed Roof Assemblies
1.7
1.8
1.9
1.10
Gutters/downspouts direct water a minimum of 5' from foundation (Except in dry climates)
Fully flashed roof/wall intersections (step & kick-out flashing) & roof penetrations
Bituminous membrane installed at valleys & penetrations (Except in dry climates)
Ice flashing installed at eaves (Except in Climate Zones 1 - 4)
D

D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
Interior Water Management
1.11
1.12
1.13
2.1
2.2
3.1
3.2
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
Moisture-resistant materials/protective systems installed (i.e., flooring, tub/shower backing, & piping)
No vapor barriers installed on interior side of exterior walls with high condensation potential
No wet or water-damaged materials enclosed in building assemblies
Approved radon-resistant features installed (Exception - see specification)
Two radon test kits & instructions/guidance for follow-up actions provided for buyer (Advisory-see specification)
Foundation joints & penetrations sealed, including air-tight sump covers
Corrosion-proof rodent/bird screens installed at all openings that cannot be fully sealed (e.g., attic vents)
HVAC room loads calculated, documented; system design documented; coils matched
Duct system design documented & properly installed OR duct system tested (check box if tested) D
No air handling equipment or ductwork installed in garage; continuous air barrier required in adjacent assemblies
Rooms pressure balanced (using transfer grills or jump ducts) as required OR tested (check box if tested) D
Whole house ventilation system installed to meet ASHRAE 62.2 requirements
Local exhaust ventilation to outdoors installed for baths, kitchen, clothes dryers, central vacuum system, etc.
Central forced-air HVAC system(s) have minimum MERV 8 filter, no filter bypass, & no ozone generators
Additional dehumidification system(s) or central HVAC dehumidification controls installed (In warm-humid climates only)



D
D



D

D



D

D
D
D
D

D








D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
Combustion Source Controls
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
Gas heat direct vented; oil heat & water heaters power vented or direct vented (Exceptions - see specifications)
Fireplaces/heating stoves vented outdoors & meet emissions/efficiency standards/restrictions
Certified CO alarms installed in each sleeping zone (e.g., common hallway) according to NFPA 720
Smoking prohibited in common areas; outside smoking at least 25' from building openings (Multi-family homes only)
D
D

D



D
D
D
D
D
Attached Garage Isolation
5.5
5.6
6.1
6.2
6.3
7.1
7.2
7.3
Common walls/ceilings (house & garage) air-sealed before insulation installed; house doors gasketed & closer installed
Exhaust fan (minimum 70 cfm, rated for continuous use) installed in garage & vented to outdoors (controls optional)
Certified low-formaldehyde pressed wood materials used (i.e., plywood, OSB, MDF, cabinetry)
Certified low-VOC or no-VOC interior paints & finishes used
Carpet, adhesives, & cushion qualify for CRI Green Label Plus or Green Label testing program
HVAC system & ductwork verified dry, clean, & properly installed
Home ventilated before occupancy OR initial ventilation instructions provided for buyer
Completed checklist & other required documentation provided for buyer
D
D


D





D
D
D

D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
Rater/Provider: Builder:
Company: Company:
Signature: Signature:

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Guidance for Completing the  Indoor airPLUS  Verification  Checklist:
I.  Only ENERGY STAR qualified homes verified to comply with these specifications can earn the Indoor airPLUS label. See Indoor
    airPLUS Construction Specifications for full descriptions of the requirements, terms, exceptions, abbreviations, references, and
    climate map used in this checklist. Verification is not complete until this checklist is completed in full and signed.
2.  Check one box per line. Check "N/A" for specifications that do not apply for specific conditions (e.g., climate) according to the
    Exceptions described in the Indoor airPLUS Construction Specifications. Check either "Builder" or "Rater" for all other items
    to indicate who verified each item. Items may be verified visually on site during construction, by reviewing photographs taken
    during construction, by checking documentation, or through equivalent  methods as appropriate. If using a performance testing
    alternative to meet requirement 4.2 or 4.4, the box marked "Tested" must be checked and testing documentation must be pro-
    vided in the Home Energy  Rating System/Builder Option Package (HERS/BOP) file.
3.  The rater who conducted the verification, or a responsible party from the rater's company, must sign the completed verification
    checklist. The builder must sign the checklist if any  items in the "Builder" column are checked, and by so doing accepts full
    responsibility for verifying that those items meet Indoor airPLUS requirements.
4.  The builder provides one copy of the completed and  signed checklist for the buyer. The HERS/BOP provider or rater files a copy
    with HERS/BOP and ENERGY STAR documentation  (e.g., Thermal Bypass Checklist) for the home.
5.  The checklist may be completed for a batch of homes using a RESNET-approved sampling protocol when qualifying homes as
    ENERGY STAR. For example, if the approved sampling protocol  requires rating one in seven homes, then the checklist will  be
    completed for the one home that was rated.

Note: The Indoor airPLUS Construction Specifications are designed to help improve indoor air quality (IAQ) in new homes compared with homes built
to minimum code. These measures alone cannot prevent all IAQ problems; occupant behavior is a/so important. For example, smoking indoors would
negatively impact a home's IAQ and the performance of the specified Indoor airPLUS measures.
Notes:
For further information on the Indoor airPLUS program, visit epa.gov/indoorairplus.
                Qualified homes earn the
                Indoor airPLUS label.
                Place it next to the
                ENERGY STAR label.
 ENERGYSTAR
            All Indoor airPLUS qualified homes meet strict
            guidelines for energy efficiency set by ENERGY STAR,
            the nationally-recognized symbol for energy efficiency.

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Indoor  airPLUS  Construction  Specifications
1. Moisture Control
    Note:
    ENERGY STAR Thermal Bypass Checklist (TBC)
    requirements are an integral part of the Indoor airPLUS
    moisture control strategy. TBC requirements improve the
    control of air and thermal flows through building assemblies,
    which is critical to controlling water vapor migration and
    condensation. Since TBC compliance and verification are
    required for ENERGY STAR qualification, TBC requirements
    are not re-stated  in the  Indoor airPLUS Construction
    Specifications.

Water-Managed Site and Foundation
1.1 Provide site and foundation drainage as follows:
    • Slope patio slabs, walks and driveways a minimum  of Vi in.
      per ft. away from  house, tamp back-fill to prevent settling,
      AND slope the final grade away from the foundation at a
      rate of l/z in. per ft. over a  minimum distance of 10 ft.
      Where setbacks limit space to less than 10 ft., provide swales
      or drains designed to carry water away from the foundation.
      Back-fill tamping is not required  if proper drainage can be
      achieved using non-settling compact soils, as determined
      by a certified hydrologist, soil scientist, or engineer.

    • Install protected drain tile at the footings of basement
      and crawlspace walls, level or sloped to discharge to
      outside grade (daylight) or to a sump  pump. The top of
      each drain tile pipe must always  be below the bottom of
      the concrete slab or crawlspace floor. Each  pipe shall be
      surrounded with at  least 6 inches of l/z to % in. washed or
      clean gravel. The  gravel layer shall be fully wrapped with
      fabric cloth to prevent fouling of  the drain tile.  If a  drain
      tile discharges to daylight and radon-resistant features are
      required (see Specification 2.1),  install a check valve at
      the drain tile outfall.
    • Install a drain or sump in basement and crawlspace
      floors, discharging to daylight at least 10 ft. outside the
      foundation or into an approved sewer system. Floor drains
      are not required for slab-on-grade foundations.

1.2 Install capillary breaks as follows:
    Beneath concrete slabs, including basement floors:
    • Install a 4 in. layer  of ₯2 in. diameter or greater clean
      aggregate,  covered with 6 mil (or thicker) polyethylene
      sheeting, overlapped 6 to 12 in. at the seams, and  in
      direct contact with the concrete slab above; OR
1.3
1.4
• Install a 4 in. uniform layer of sand, overlain with a
  layer or strips of geotextile drainage matting installed
  according to the manufacturer's instructions, and
  covered with polyethylene sheeting overlapped
  6 to 12 in. at the seams.
Crawlspace floors:
• Cover crawlspace floors with a concrete slab over 6 mil
  (or thicker) polyethylene sheeting overlapped 6 to 12 in.
  at the seams; OR
• Cover crawlspace floors with 6 mil polyethylene
  (10 mil recommended) sheeting, overlapped 6 to 12 in.
  and sealed or taped at the seams and penetrations. The
  sheeting shall be attached to walls and piers with adhesive
  and furring strips.

Exceptions:
• In areas of free-draining soils—identified as Group 1 by
  a certified hydrologist, soil scientist, or engineer through
  a site visit—a gravel layer or geotextile matting is not
  required under concrete slabs.
• Polyethylene sheeting is not required  in Dry (B) climates,
  as defined by IECC  Figure 301.1, unless the sheeting is
  required for radon resistance (see Specification 2.1).

Damp-proof or waterproof exterior surfaces of below-grade
foundation walls as follows:
• Poured concrete, concrete masonry, and insulated
  concrete forms (ICFs) shall be finished with a damp-proof
  coating; AND
• Wood-framed walls shall be finished with trowel-on
  mastic and polyethylene, or with other waterproofing
  demonstrated to be equivalent.

Exceptions:
Houses without below-grade walls.
Insulate and condition basements and crawlspaces as follows:
• Insulate crawlspace and basement  perimeter walls
  according to IRC Table N1102.1 or IECC Table 402.1.1
  (also see Specification  1.12); AND

• Seal crawlspace and basement perimeter walls to prevent
  outside air infiltration; AND
• Provide conditioned air at a rate not less than 1  cfm
  per 50 s.f. of horizontal floor area.  If radon-resistant
  features are required (see Specification 2.1), do not
  install exhaust ventilation, as described in IRC section
  R408.3.2.1.
                                                                         Indoor airPLUS CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS  1

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      Exceptions:
      • Homes built in areas designated as flood zones
       (conditioned crawlspaces are not recommended for use
       in flood zones).
      • Raised pier foundation with no walls.
      • Dry climates, as defined by IECC Figure 301.1.
      • Marine climates, as defined by IECC Figure 301.1, if no
       air handler or return ducts are installed in the crawlspace.

      Note:
      In each of the preceding exceptions, floors above unconditioned
      spaces shall be insulated to the lECC-specified R-value and sealed
      to prevent air infiltration,

Water-Managed Wall Assemblies
1.5   Install a continuous drainage plane behind exterior wall
      cladding, AND install flashing or an equivalent drainage
      system at the bottom of exterior walls to direct water away
      from the drainage plane and foundation. Drainage plane
      material shall overlap flashing and shall be fully sealed at
      all  penetrations. Any of the following systems meet this
      requirement:
      • Monolithic weather-resistant barriers (i.e., house wrap),
       shingled at horizontal joints and sealed or taped at all
       joints; OR
      • Weather-resistant sheathings (e.g., faced rigid insulation),
       fully taped at all "butt" joints; OR
      • Lapped shingle-style building paper or felt.

      Note.-
      Include weep holes for masonry veneer and weep screed for stucco
      cladding systems, according to the manufacturer's specifications.

1.6   Fully flash all window and door openings, including
      pan flashing at sills, side flashing that extends over pan
      flashing, and top flashing that extends over side flashing.

Water-Managed Roof Assemblies
1.7   Direct roof water away from the house using gutters and
      downspouts that empty into lateral piping that deposits
      water on a sloping finish grade a minimum of 5 ft. from
      the foundation. Roofs designed without gutters are
      acceptable if they are designed to deposit rainwater to a
      grade-level rock bed with waterproof liner and drain pipe
      that deposits water on a sloping finish grade, as specified
      above. When lot space limits or prevents required grading,
      direct  roof water to an underground catchment system (not
      connected to the foundation drain system) that deposits
     water a minimum of 10 ft. from the foundation. Rainwater-
     harvesting systems may be used to meet this requirement
     when they are designed to properly drain overflow, meeting
     discharge-distance requirements above.

     Exception:
     Dry climates, as shown in IECC Figure 301.1.
1.8  Fully flash roof/wall intersections and all roof penetrations.
     Install step flashing at all roof/wall intersections, except
     metal and rubber membrane roofs, where continuous
     flashing should be installed. "Kick-out" flashing shall
     be installed at the low end of roof/wall  intersections to
     direct water away from walls, windows, and doors below.
     In all cases, flashing shall extend  at least 4 in. on the wall
     surface above the roof deck and shall be integrated with
     the drainage plane  above (shingle style) to direct water
     onto and not behind flashing. In addition,  intersecting
     wall siding should terminate a minimum of 1 in. above
     the roof, or higher according to the manufacturer's
     recommendations.
1.9  Install self-sealing bituminous membrane or the equivalent
     at all valleys and roof decking penetrations for durability at
     potential failure points.

     Exception:
     Dry climates, as shown in IECC Figure 301.1.

1.10 In colder climates (IECC Climate Zones 5 and higher),
     install self-sealing bituminous membrane or the equivalent
     ("ice flashing") over the sheathing at eaves to provide
     protection from ice dams. The ice flashing shall extend up
     the roof plane from the eave to a point  at least 2 ft.  inside
     the vertical plane of the exterior wall.

     Exception:
     Climate Zones 1 to 4, as shown in IECC Figure 301.1.

Interior  Water Management
1.11 Install moisture-resistant materials and moisture-protective
     systems in vulnerable areas. For example:

     • Install water-resistant hard-surface flooring in kitchens,
       bathrooms, entryways,  laundry areas, and utility rooms.
       Do not install wall-to-wall carpet adjacent to toilets and
       bathing fixtures (i.e., tubs and showers).

     • Install moisture-resistant backing material (i.e., cement
       board or the equivalent, but not paper-faced wall board)
       behind tub and shower enclosures.

     • Install all condensate  discharge according to IRC section
       M1411.3.
                                                                          Insulate piping installed in exterior walls.

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1.12  Do not install continuous vapor barriers on the interior
      side of exterior walls that have high condensation potential
      (e.g., below-grade exterior walls in most climates and
      above-grade exterior walls in warm-humid climates).
      For the purpose of this specification, vapor barriers are
      materials that have a perm rating of 0.1 or less (see
      manufacturer's product specifications or 2005 ASHRAE
      Handbook of  Fundamentals, Chapter 25, Tables 7A and 7B).
1.13  Do not install building materials that have visible signs
      of water damage or mold.  In addition, interior walls shall
      not be enclosed (e.g., with drywall) if either the framing
      members or insulation  has a high moisture content. For
      wet-applied insulation, follow the manufacturer's drying
      recommendations.

      Advisory:
      Lumber should not  exceed  18%  moisture content.

2. Radon Control
2.1   Homes built  in EPA Radon Zone 1 (see epa.gov/radon/
      zonemap.html) shall be constructed with approved
      radon-resistant features according to EPA Building Radon
      Out; NFPA 5000, Chapter 49; IRC, Appendix F; CABO,
      Appendix F; orASTM E1465. The following requirements
      shall  be verified:

      • Capillary break installed according to Specification 1.2;
       AND
      • A 3 or 4  in. diameter gas-tight vertical vent pipe,
       clearly labeled "Radon Pipe" or "Radon System,"
       connected to an open T-fitting  in the aggregate layer (or
       connected to geotextile drainage matting according to the
       manufacturer's instructions) beneath the polyethylene
       sheeting, extending up through the conditioned spaces
       and terminating a minimum of 12 in. above the roof
       opening. For crawlspaces, install at least 5 ft. of
       horizontal perforated drain tile on either side of the
       T-fitting,  attached to  the vertical radon vent pipe
       beneath the sheeting and running parallel to the long
       dimension of the  house; AND
      • Radon fan  installed in the attic (i.e., an active system)
       OR  an electrical receptacle installed in an accessible
       attic location near the radon vent pipe (i.e., a passive
       system) to facilitate future fan  installation if
       needed; AND
      • Foundation air sealing with polyurethane caulk or the
       equivalent at all slab openings, penetrations, and control
       or expansion joints. Sump covers also shall be air sealed
       (e.g., mechanically attached with full gasket seal or
       equivalent.)
      Exception:
      The Indoor airPLUS Construction Specifications
      recommend, but do not require, radon-resistant features for
      homes built in EPA Radon Zones 2 and 3 unless required
      by  local building codes (see Advisory 1).
      Advisories:

      I.  Elevated  levels of radon have been found in homes
         built in all three zones on EPA's Map of Radon Zones.
         Consult your state's radon coordinator for current
         information about radon in your area. Go to epa.gov/iaq/
        whereyoulive.html and click on your state for contact
         information.
      2.  If soil or groundwater contamination is suspected on
        or near the building site (e.g., former industrial sites),
        volatile contaminants or breakdown products may pose
        an IAQ risk through soil gas intrusion. In such cases,
         EPA recommends radon-resistant features consistent
        with Specification 2.1, which can prevent the intrusion
        of soil vapor into a house. See the EPA Vapor Intrusion
         Primer or ASTM E2600 for more information, or  consult
        your state or tribal  brownfield voluntary cleanup program
        or environmental regulatory agency for information on
        the risks of vapor intrusion in your area.
2.2   Provide two radon test kits designed for 48-hour exposures
      for the buyers of homes in EPA Radon Zones  1 and 2,
      including test kit instructions and EPA guidance on follow-
      up actions to be taken in response to the test results.

      Advisory:
      The U.S. Surgeon General and EPA recommend that all
      homes (including homes built in  Radon Zone 3) be  tested
      for radon. Refer interested buyers to epa.gov/radon/ for
      more information.

3. Pest Barriers
3.1   Minimize pathways for pest entry by sealing penetrations
      and joints in and between the foundation and exterior
      wall assemblies with blocking materials, foam, and
      polyurethane caulk or the equivalent. Sump pit covers shall
      be  air sealed (e.g., mechanically attached with full gasket
      seal or the equivalent).

      Advisories:
      1. Additional precautions should be taken in  areas of
         "Heavy" termite infestation probability (as  identified by
         IRC Figure 301.2[6]) as follows:
         • Foundation walls should be solid concrete or masonry
          with a top course of solid block, bond beam, or
          concrete-filled block; AND
                                                                          Indoor airPLUS  CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS  3

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        • Interior concrete slabs should be constructed with
          6 x 6 in. welded wire fabric or the equivalent, and
          concrete walls should be constructed with reinforcing
          rods to reduce cracking; AND
        • Sill plates should be made of  preservative-treated wood.
      2. The following additional precautions should be taken
        in areas of "Very Heavy" termite infestation probability
        (as identified by IRC Figure 301.2[6]) i.e., Alabama,
        Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, South Carolina,
        and parts of  California and Texas:

        Below-grade:
        • Foam plastic insulation should not be installed on the
          exterior face of below-grade  foundation walls or under
          slabs.

        Above-grade:
        • Foam plastic  insulation installed on the exterior
          of above-grade foundation walls should be kept a
          minimum of 6 in. above the final grade and any
          landscape bedding materials, and should be covered
          with moisture-resistant, pest-proof material (e.g.,
          fiber cement board or galvanized insect screen at the
          bottom-edge of openings).
        • Foam plastic  insulation applied to the interior side
          of conditioned crawlspace walls should be kept a
          minimum of 3 in. below the sill plate.
3.2   Provide corrosion-proof rodent/bird screens (e.g.,  copper or
      stainless steel mesh) for all building openings that cannot
      be fully sealed and caulked (e.g.,  ventilation system intake/
      exhaust outlets and attic vent openings). This requirement
      does not apply to clothes dryer vents.

4. HVAC Systems
Heating and Cooling Equipment
4.1   Heating and cooling design loads  shall be determined for
      each room according to ACCA Man J, ASHRAE Handbooks,
      or equivalent software. Heating and cooling equipment
      shall be properly sized and selected to meet the design
      loads and accommodation must be made for pressure
      drop from specified filter (see Specification 4.7).  This
      requirement shall be met by an  ENERGY STAR HVAC
      Ql Certificate (where available) OR verification of  all the
      following:
      • Documentation  of design load calculations (i.e., load
       calculation worksheet or software report), AND
      • System design documentation (i.e., sizing calculations
       and equipment  performance information), AND
     • Verification that outdoor and indoor coils match in
       accordance with the AHRI  Directory of Certified Product
       Performance (ahridirectory.org).
4.2  Duct system(s) shall be designed according to ACCA
     Man D, ASHRAE Handbooks, or equivalent software AND
     installed to be substantially airtight, properly balanced, and
     protected from construction  debris. This requirement shall
     be met by an ENERGY STAR HVAC Ql Certificate (where
     available) OR verification of all the following prescriptive
     requirements, OR the  Performance Test Alternative below:
     • Design verified by appropriate documentation (i.e.,  duct-
       sizing worksheet or annotated layout), AND

     • Duct system verified to meet the following additional
       requirements:
        • Seams in the HVAC cabinet, plenum, and adjacent
          ductwork shall  be sealed with mastic systems, tape
          that meets the applicable requirements of UL 181A
          or UL 181B, or gasket systems.
        • Building cavities  shall not be used as part of the
          forced air supply  or return systems.
     • Duct openings shall  either  be covered during construction
       or vacuumed out thoroughly prior to installing registers,
       grilles, and diffusers (see Specification 7.1).

     Performance Test Alternative:
     • Room-by-room airflows balanced and verified within
       +1-20% of calculated room airflows to meet design  loads
       (see  Specification 4.1), except for  baths, closets, and
       pantries, AND
     • Duct system TOTAL leakage test no greater than 6 cfm per
       100  s.f. of floor area (or 9% design fan flow), measured
       at 25 Pa, with duct boots and air handler in place,
       according to ASTM E1554, ASHRAE 152, or other
       RESNET-approved method.
4.3  No air-handling equipment or ductwork shall be located
     in garages.

     Note:
     Ducts and equipment  may be located in  framing spaces
     or building cavities  adjacent  to garage walls or ceilings
     if they are separated from the garage space with a
     continuous air barrier (see ENERGY STAR Thermal Bypass
     Checklist Guide).

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4.4   Room pressure differentials shall be minimized by
      installing transfer grilles or jump ducts for any closed room
      that does not have a dedicated return, except for baths,
      kitchens, closets, pantries, and laundry rooms. The opening
      size shall be 1 square in. capacity (grille area) per cfm of
      supply (including free area undercut below door as part of
      the area).

      Performance Test Alternative:
      Measured pressure differential no greater than 3 Pa
      (0.012 in. w.c.) between closed rooms and adjacent
      spaces that have a return.

Ventilation
4.5   Provide mechanical whole-house ventilation meeting all
      ASHRAE 62.2 requirements. The following requirements
      shall be  visually verified:
      • Whole house mechanical ventilation system & controls
       shall be installed to deliver the prescribed outdoor air
       ventilation rate (ASHRAE 62.2 section 4),  including
       ventilation restrictions in ASHRAE 62.2 section 4.5 (e.g.,
       not greater than 7.5 cfm/100 s.f. in "Warm-Humid"
       climates as defined by IECC  Figure 301.1); AND

      • Transfer air (i.e., air from adjacent dwelling units or
       other spaces such as garages, crawlspaces, or attics)
       shall not be used to meet ventilation requirements
       (ASHRAE 62.2 section 6.1); AND
      • Outdoor air inlets shall be located a minimum of 10 ft.
       from contaminant sources (ASHRAE 62.2 section 6.8);
       AND

      • Airflow shall be tested to meet rated fan airflow (at
       0.25 in. w.c.) OR verify duct(s) sized according to
       the requirements of ASHRAE 62.2 Table 7.1 and the
       manufacturer's design criteria (ASHRAE 62.2 section 7.3).

      Note:
      Outdoor air ducts connected to the return side of an air
      handler shall be permitted as supply ventilation only if the
      manufacturers' requirements for return air temperature are
      met (e.g., most manufacturers recommend a minimum of
      60 °F air flow across furnace heat exchangers).
4.6   Provide local exhaust ventilation to the outdoors for known
      pollutant sources, as follows:
      • Provide local mechanical exhaust ventilation to the
       outdoors in each bathroom and kitchen, meeting
       ASHRAE 62.2 section 5 requirements. In addition,
       all bathroom ventilation fans shall be ENERGY STAR
       qualified unless multiple bathrooms are exhausted with
       a multi-port fan.
      • Conventional clothes dryers shall be vented to the
       outdoors. Electric condensing dryers are not vented
       and shall be plumbed to a drain according to the
       manufacturer's instructions.
      • If a central vacuum system is installed, the system shall
       be vented outdoors at least 10 ft. from the ventilation
       system air inlets (see Specification  4.5), or the power/
       filtration unit shall be installed in the garage according
       to the manufacturer's instructions.

Air Cleaning and  Filtration
4.7   Central forced-air HVAC systems shall include a filtration
      system meeting  the following requirements:
      • HVAC filters shall be  rated MERV 8 or higher according to
       ASHRAE 52.2 (at approximately 295 fpm).
      • There shall be  no visible bypass between the filter and
       the filter rack.
      • The filter access panel shall include gasket material or
       comparable sealing mechanism  to prevent air leakage,
       and it shall fit  snugly against the exposed  edge of the
       installed filter  when closed to prevent bypass.
      • No air-cleaning equipment designed to produce ozone
       (i.e., ozone generators) shall be  installed.

      Advisory:
      Filters perform best when the filter rack design includes
      the following features, which are also included in some
      manufacturers' filter media boxes:
      • Flexible, air-tight (e.g., closed-cell foam) gasket material
       on the surface that contacts the air-leaving (downstream)
       side of the filter, AND
      • Friction fit or spring clips installed on the upstream side
       of the filter to  hold it firmly in place.

Dehumidification
4.8   In "Warm-Humid" climates as defined by IECC Figure
      301.1 (i.e., Climate Zone 1 and portions of Zones 2 and
      3A below the white line), equipment shall be installed
      with sufficient latent capacity to maintain indoor relative
      humidity (RH) at or below 60%. This requirement shall be
      met by either:

      • Additional dehumidification system(s), OR
      • A central HVAC system equipped with additional controls
       to operate in dehumidification mode.

      Exception:
      Climate Zones 4-8, 3B, 3C, and the portions of 3A and 2B
      above the white  line as shown by  IECC Figure 301.1.
                                                                          Indoor airPLUS  CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS  5

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     Advisory:
     Although not required to meet this specification,
     independent dehumidification is recommended  in Climate
     Zones 4A and 3A above the white line as shown in IECC
     Figure 301.1.

5. Combustion  Pollutant Control
Combustion Source Controls
5.1  For combustion space-heating and water-heating
     equipment located in conditioned spaces:
     • Gas-fired furnaces/boilers shall be direct vented, except
       in Climate Zones 1-3 as shown in IECC Figure 301.1.
     • Oil-fired furnaces/boilers shall be power vented or direct
       vented, except in Climate Zones 1-3 as shown in IECC
       Figure 301.1.

     • Combustion water heaters shall be power vented or direct
       vented.
     • No  unvented combustion space-heating appliances shall
       be permitted.

     Exception:
     Houses with no combustion heating equipment  located  in
     conditioned spaces.

     Note:
     Unfinished basements and crawlspaces (except  raised
     pier foundations with no walls)  and attached garages that
     are air-sealed to the outside and intended for use as work
     space or living space, are considered "conditioned spaces"
     for the purpose of this requirement.
5.2  Fireplaces and other fuel-burning space-heating appliances
     located in conditioned spaces shall be vented to the
     outdoors and supplied with adequate combustion and
     ventilation air according to the  manufacturers' installation
     instructions, AND they shall meet the following energy
     efficiency and emissions standards and restrictions:
     • Masonry fireplaces are not permitted, with  the exception
       of "masonry heaters" as defined by ASTM  E1602 and
       section 2112.1 of the  International Building Code (i.e.,
       fireplaces engineered to store and release substantial
       portions of heat generated from a rapid burn).
     • Factory-built, wood-burning fireplaces shall meet the
       certification requirements of UL 127 and emission limits
       found in the EPA Standard for New Residential Wood
       Heaters.
5.3
5.4
• Natural gas and propane fireplaces shall be power
  vented or direct vented, as defined by NFPA 54, section
  3.3.108, have a permanently affixed glass front or
  gasketed door, and comply with ANSI Z21.88/CSA 2.33.
• Wood stove and fireplace inserts as defined in section
  3.8 of UL 1482 shall meet the certification requirements
  of that standard, and they shall meet the emission
  requirements of the EPA Standards for New Residential
  Wood Heaters and WAC 173-433-100 (3).
• Pellet stoves shall meet the requirements of ASTM
  E1509.

• Decorative gas logs as defined in  K.I.11 of NFPA 54
  (National Fuel Gas Code) are not  permitted.
• Unvented combustion space-heating appliances are not
  permitted.

Advisory:
To minimize the potential for spillage or back-drafting,
fireplaces  and fuel-burning appliances located in
conditioned spaces should be installed in compliance
with  ASHRAE 62.2 (section  6.4) or by conducting a Worst
Case Depressurization Combustion  Air  Zone (CAZ) Test
according  to an established protocol.
All homes equipped with combustion appliance(s) or an
attached garage shall have a carbon monoxide (CO) alarm
installed in a central location in the immediate vicinity of
each separate sleeping zone (e.g., in a hallway adjacent to
bedrooms.) The alarm(s) shall be hard-wired with a battery
back-up function and placed according to NFPA 720. The
alarms shall be certified by either CSA 6.19-01 or UL 2034.
Reduce exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) in
multi-family buildings by:
• Prohibiting smoking in indoor common areas, specified
  explicitly in building rental/lease  agreements or condo/co-
  op  association covenants and  restrictions, AND

• Locating designated outdoor smoking areas a minimum
  of 25 ft. from entries, outdoor air intakes, and operable
  windows, AND
• Minimizing uncontrolled pathways for ETS transfer
  between individual dwelling units by sealing penetrations
  in the walls, ceilings, and floors of dwelling units, sealing
  vertical chases adjacent to dwelling units, and applying
  weather  stripping to all doors  in dwelling units leading to
  common hallways.

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Attached Garage  Isolation
5.5  A ttached garages shall be isolated from conditioned spaces
     as follows:
     • Common walls and ceilings between attached garages
       and living spaces shall be visually inspected to ensure
       they are air-sealed before insulation is installed.
     • All connecting doors between living spaces and attached
       garages shall include an automatic closer, and they shall
       be installed with gasket material or be made substantially
       air-tight with weather stripping.
5.6  Attached garages shall include an exhaust fan, with
     a minimum installed capacity of 70 cfm, rated for
     continuous operation, and installed to vent directly
     outdoors. If automatic fan controls are  installed, they shall
     activate the fan whenever the  garage is occupied and for at
     least 1 hour after the garage has been vacated.

     Advisory:
     ENERGY STAR qualified fans  are highly recommended.

6. Low-Emission Materials
     Note:
     The evaluation, certification, and  labeling of products for
     indoor VOC emissions  is complex and evolving. EPA has
     not established threshold levels for indoor VOC emissions
     from any of the product categories addressed in these
     specifications. The third-party programs referenced in
     these specifications include U.S.  programs that are
     designed to reduce indoor human exposure to individual
     VOCs of potential concern for  human health effects,
     compared to similar products  not certified as low-VOC or
     no-VOC.  EPA will consider modifying these specifications
     to include additional third-party programs
     as appropriate.
6.1  Structural plywood, oriented strand board (OSB), and
     composite wood products (i.e., hardwood plywood,
     particleboard, medium density fiberboard [MDF], and
     cabinetry made with these products) shall be third-
     party certified for compliance  with industry and federal
     standards, as follows:

     • Structural plywood and OSB shall be certified compliant
       with PS1 or PS2, as appropriate, and shall be made with
       moisture-resistant adhesives  as indicated by "Exposure 1"
       or "Exterior" on the American Plywood Association (APA)
       trademark.
     • Hardwood plywood shall be certified compliant with the
       formaldehyde emissions requirements of ANSI/HPVA  HP-
       1-2004 and U.S. HUD Title 24, Part 3280, OR certified
       compliant with CA Title 17.
     • Particleboard and MDF shall be certified compliant
       with the formaldehyde emissions requirements of ANSI
       A208.1 and A208.2, respectively, and U.S. HUD Title
       24, Part 3280, OR certified compliant with EPPS CPA
       3-08 by the CPA Grademark certification program, OR
       certified compliant with CA Title 17.

     • Cabinetry shall be made with component materials that
       are certified to comply with all the appropriate standards
       above OR shall be registered brands or produced in
       registered plants certified under KCMA's Environmental
       Stewardship Certification Program (ESP 01-06).

     Note:
     In California,  composite wood products shall be certified
     compliant with CA Title 17 as appropriate.
6.2  Interior paints and finishes, including 90% or more of such
     products applied to interior surfaces of homes, shall be
     certified low-VOC or no-VOC by one of the following:
     • Green Seal  Standard GS-11, OR

     • Greenguard Certification for Paints and Coatings, OR
     • Scientific Certification Systems (SCS) Standard EC-10.2-
       2007,  Indoor Advantage Gold, OR
     • Master Painters Institute  (MPI) Green Performance
       Standards GPS-1 or GPS-2, OR
     • A third-party low-emitting product list based on CA
       Section 01350, e.g.,  the CHPS List at chps.net/manual/
       lem_table.htm.

6.3  Carpets and carpet adhesives shall be labeled with, or
     otherwise documented as meeting, the Carpet & Rug
     Institute (CRI) Green Label Plus or Green Label testing
     program criteria. Carpet cushion (i.e.,  padding) shall
     similarly be certified to meet the CRI Green Label testing
     program  criteria.

7. Home Commissioning
7.1  HVAC systems and ductwork shall be verified to be dry
     and clean and installed according to their design as
     documented by an ENERGY STAR HVAC Ql Certificate
     (where available) OR as follows:
     • Inspect ductwork before installing registers, grilles,
       and diffusers to verify it is dry and substantially free
       of dust or debris, and that there are  no disconnects or
                                                                        Indoor airPLUS CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS  7

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       visible air gaps between boots and framed openings. If
       duct openings were not covered during construction,
       thoroughly vacuum out each opening prior to installing
       registers, grilles, and diffusers.
     • Inspect air-handling equipment and  verify that heat
       exchangers/coils are free of dust caused by construction
       activities (e.g., dry wall, floor sanding) AND the filter
       is new, clean, and meets specified MERV rating (see
       Specification 4.7). After installation  of registers, grilles,
       and diffusers, verify detectable airflow from each
       supply outlet.
     • Verify the HVAC contractor has documented measured
       airflow or pressure drop across the cooling coil or heat
       exchanger within +/-  15% of system  design airflow, or the
       manufacturer-specified operating range, tested according
       to ASTM  El554, ASHRAE 152, or an equivalent method.
     • Verify the HVAC contractor has documented the
       installation and testing of proper refrigerant charge. This
       requirement may be met by any of the following methods
       according to ACCA 5 QI-2007:

        • Superheat method test measurement within 5% of the
          manufacturer-recommended charge, OR
        • Subcooling method test measurement within 3% of
          the manufacturer-recommended charge, OR

        • Other  equivalent method/tolerance approved by the
          equipment manufacturer.

     Note:
     If weather conditions do not meet required test conditions,
     verify that the builder or contractor has arranged for future
     testing.
7.2  Verify that  the home has been ventilated with outside
     air at the highest rate practical during and shortly after
     installing products that are known sources of contaminants
     (e.g., cabinets, carpet padding, and painting) and during
     the period between finishing and occupancy, meeting
     ventilation requirements for outdoor air flow and humidity
     control (see Specifications 4.5 and 4.8). If whole house
     ventilation  cannot be scheduled prior to occupancy,
     advise the buyer to operate the ventilation system at the
     highest rate it can provide during the first few months of
     occupancy, meeting the above requirements.
   Abbreviations
   BOP       Builder Option Package (ENERGY STAR for Homes)
   cfm        cubic feet per minute
   fpm        feet per minute
   ft.         feet
   HERS      Home  Energy Rating System
   HVAC      heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning
   IAQ        indoor air quality
   in.         inches
   mil        common term to describe plastic sheeting thickness;
              1 mil equals 0.001 inches
   min.       minimum
   MERV      Minimum Efficiency Reporting Value; defined
              in ASHRAE 52.2
   Pa         Pascals
   Ql         Quality Installation (ENERGY STAR  HVAC Ql)
   s.f.        square feet
   spec       specification
   TBC       Thermal  Bypass Checklist
              (ENERGY STAR for Homes)
   VOC       Volatile Organic Compound
   w.c.        water column
7.3  Provide for buyers a completed checklist and other
     required documentation about the IAQ features of their
     home, including:

     • A copy of the Indoor airPLUS verification checklist or
       other written documentation indicating compliance
       with all required measures from the  Indoor airPLUS
       construction specifications, signed by an official
       representative of the builder, AND
     • HVAC,  duct, and ventilation system design documentation
       (i.e., airflow requirements) or performance test results
       (i.e., measured cfm) required by Specifications 4.1,
       4.2, and 4.5, respectively, and a description of the
       ventilation system (i.e., system type, components,  and
       controls), AND

     • Operations and maintenance instruction manuals for all
       installed equipment and systems addressed by  Indoor
       airPLUS requirements, including HVAC systems and
       accessories, combustion appliances, and radon system
       literature and test kit instructions.

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References
ACCA Man D: ACCA Manual D: Residential Duct Systems. 1995.
Air Conditioning Contractors of America.

ACCA Man J: ACCA Manual J: Residential Load Calculation. 2006.
Air Conditioning Contractors of America.

ACCA 5 QI-2007: ANSI/ACCA Standard 5 QI-2007: HVAC Quality
Installation Specification. 2007. Air Conditioning Contractors of
America.

AHRI Directory: AHRI Directory of Certified Product Performance.
Air-Conditioning, Heating, and  Refrigeration Institute.

ANSI A208.1: ANSI A208.1: Standard for Wood Particleboard.
1999. American National Standards Institute.

ANSI A208.2: ANSI A208.2: Standard for Medium Density
Fiberboard (MDF). 2002. American National Standards Institute.

ANSI/HPVA HP-1-2004: American National Standard for
Hardwood and Decorative Plywood. 2004. American National
Standards Institute / Hardwood Plywood and Veneer Association.

ANSI Z21.88/CSA 2.33: ANSI  Standard Z21.88-2005/CSA
Standard  2.33-2005: Vented Gas Fireplace  Heaters. 2005.
American National Standards Institute / Canadian Standards
Association.

ASHRAE  Handbooks: ASHRAE Handbook Series. American Society
of Heating, Refrigeration, and Air-Conditioning Engineers.

ASHRAE  52.2: ANSI/ASHRAE  Standard 52.2-2007: Method
of Testing General Ventilation Air-Cleaning Devices for Removal
Efficiency by Particle Size. 2007. American Society of Heating,
Refrigeration, and Air-Conditioning Engineers.

ASHRAE  62.2: ANSI/ASHRAE  Standard 62.2-2007: Ventilation
and Acceptable Indoor Air Quality in Low-Rise Residential
Buildings. 2007. American Society of Heating, Refrigeration, and
Air-Conditioning Engineers.

ASHRAE  152: ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 152-2004: Method of
Test for Determining the Design and Seasonal  Efficiencies of
Residential Thermal Distribution Systems. 2004. American Society
of Heating, Refrigeration, and Air-Conditioning Engineers.

ASTM E1465: ASTM Standard E1465-06: Standard Practice for
Radon Control Options for the Design and Construction of New
Low-Rise  Residential Buildings. 2006. American Society for
Testing and Materials.

ASTM E1509: ASTM Standard El 509-04: Standard Specification
for Room  Heaters,  Pellet Fuel-Burning Type. 2004. American
Society for Testing and Materials.

ASTM E2600: ASTM Standard E2600-08: Standard Practice for
Assessment of Vapor Intrusion into Structures on Property Involved
in Real Estate Transactions. 2008. American Society for Testing
and Materials.
ASTM E1554: ASTM Standard El554-03: Standard Test Methods
for Determining External Air Leakage of Air Distribution Systems
by Fan Pressurization. 2003. American Society for Testing and
Materials.

ASTM E1602: ASTM Standard E1602-03: Standard Guide for
Construction of Solid Fuel Burning Masonry Heaters. 2003.
American Society for Testing and  Materials.

CABO: CABO One and Two Family Dwelling Code. 1998. Council
of American Building Officials.

CA Section 01350: California  Section 01350: Special
Environmental Requirements Specification, including Addendum
2004-1: Standard Practice for the Testing of Volatile Organic
Emissions from Various Sources Using Small-Scale Environmental
Chambers. 2004. State of California.

CA Title 17: California Code of Regulations, Title 17, sections
93120 - 93120.12. 2008. State of California.

CHPS List: Collaborative for High Performance Schools (CHPS)
Low Emitting Materials List.

CRI Green Label: Carpet and Rug Institute Green Label
Testing Programs.

CSA 6.19-01: CAN/CSA Standard 6.19-01: Residential Carbon
Monoxide Alarming Devices. 2001. Canadian Standards
Association.

ENERGY STAR HVAC Ql: ENERGY STAR HVAC Quality Installation
(pilot  program). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

ENERGY STAR Thermal  Bypass Checklist: U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency.

EPA Building Radon Out: Building Radon Out: A Step-by-Step
Guide On How to Build Radon-Resistant Homes. 2001. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency.

EPA Radon Maps:  EPA's Map of Radon Zones. 2008. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency.

EPA Standard for New Residential Wood Heaters: 40 CFR Part 60,
subpart AAA: Standards of Performance for New Residential Wood
Heaters. 1988. U.S. Environmental  Protection Agency.

EPA Vapor Intrusion Primer: Brownfields Technology Primer:
Vapor  Intrusion Considerations for Redevelopment. 2008. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency.

EPPS  CPA 3-08: Environmental Preferable Product Specification
CPA 3-08. 2008. Composite Panel Association.

Greenguard Certification for Paints and Coatings: Greenguard
Certification Program for Low Emitting Products: Paints and
Coatings. 2005. Greenguard Environmental Institute.
                                                                       Indoor airPLUS CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS 9

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Green Seal Standard GS-11: GS-11: Green Seal Environmental
Standard for Paints and Coatings. 2008. Green Seal, Inc.

HUD Title 24: U.S. HUD Title 24 Part 3280: Manufactured Home
Construction and Safety Standards. 1993.  U.S. Department of
Housing and Urban Development.

IBC: International Building Code. 2003. International Code
Council, Inc.

IECC: International Energy Conservation Code. 2006. International
Code Council, Inc.

IRC: International Residential Code for One- and Two-Family
Dwellings. 2006. International Code Council, Inc.

KCMA ESP 01-06: Environmental Stewardship Certification
Program. 2006. Kitchen Cabinet Manufacturer's Association.

MPI GPS-1 and GPS-2: Master Painters Institute (MPI) Green
Performance Standards for Paints and Coatings [GPS-1 and GPS-
2].  2008. Master Painters Institute, Inc.

NFPA 54: National Fuel Gas Code. 2006. National Fire Protection
Association.

NFPA 720: Standard for the Installation of Household Carbon
Monoxide (CO) Warning Equipment. 2005. National Fire Protection
Association.

NFPA 5000: Building and Construction Safety Code. 2006.
National Fire Protection Association.

PS1-07: Voluntary Product Standard for Structural Plywood. 2007.
American Plywood Association.
PS2-04: Voluntary Product Standard for Wood-based Structural-
use Panels. 2004. American Plywood Association.

RESNET: Mortgage Industry National  Home Energy Rating System
Standards. 2006. Residential Energy Services Network.

SCS-EC-10.2-2007: Scientific Certification Systems (SCS) Indoor
Air Quality Performance Environmental Certification Program:
Indoor Advantage Gold. 2007. Scientific Certification Systems.

UL 127: Standard for Factory-Built Fireplaces. 1996.  Underwriters
Laboratories, Inc.

UL 181A: Standard for Closure Systems for Use With Rigid Air
Ducts. 2005. Underwriters Laboratories, Inc.

UL 181B: Standard for Closure Systems for Use With Flexible Air
Ducts and Air Connectors. 2005. Underwriters Laboratories, Inc.

UL 1482: Standard for Solid-Fuel Type Room Heaters. 1996.
Underwriters Laboratories, Inc.

UL 2034: Standard for Single and Multiple Station Carbon
Monoxide Alarms. 1996. Underwriters Laboratories, Inc.

WAC 173-433-100 (3): Washington State Code, Chapter 173-
433: Solid Fuel Burning Devices, section 100 (3) Emissions
performance standards. 1993.

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United States
Environmental Protection
Agency


Office of Air and Radiation (6609J)
EPA 402/K-08/003  I January 2009
                                       Homes with the Indoor airPLUS label
                                       are designed for improved indoor air quality
                                       compared to homes built to minimum code.


                                       www.epa.gov/indoorairplus

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