Suppliers of Carbon Dioxide
United States
Proposed Rule: Mandatory Reporting of Greenhouse Gases ^aimrriental Prot9ction
Under the proposed Mandatory Reporting of Greenhouse Gases (GHGs) rule, suppliers of
carbon dioxide (€02) that meet the applicability requirements of the rule (see information sheet
on General Provisions) would report CO2 emissions associated with the complete release of the
gases that they place into commerce.
How Is This Source Category Defined?
Under the proposed rule, suppliers of CO2 consist of the following:
• Facilities with production process units that capture and supply CO2 for commercial applications.
• Facilities with CO2 production wells.
• Importers of bulk CO2, if total combined imports of CO2 and other GHGs exceed 25,000 tons of
CO2 equivalent (CO2e) per year.
• Exporters of bulk CO2, if total combined exports of CO2 and other GHGs exceed 25,000 tons
CO2e per year
This source category does not include entities that store CO2 through geologic sequestration or above
ground storage; use CO2 in enhanced oil and gas recovery; transport or distribute CO2; purify, compress,
or process CO2; or import or export CO2 in equipment.
What GHGs Would Be Reported?
The proposal calls for suppliers of CO2 to report the mass of CO2 captured from production process units
and extracted from production wells, and the mass of CO2that is imported and exported.
How Would GHG Emissions Be Calculated?
Under the proposal, all suppliers would calculate emissions quarterly by measuring the mass flow of gas
and multiplying by the CO2 composition of the gas, as specified below:
• For facilities with production process units or CO2 production wells that have mass flow meters
installed to measure the volume of the CO2 captured or extracted, mass flow would be measured
prior to any subsequent purification, processing, or compressing of the gas.
• Facilities with production process units or CO2 production wells that do not have mass flow
meters installed to measure the volume of the CO2 captured or extracted would measure the mass
flow of the CO2 transferred off site.
• Importers or exporters of bulk CO2 would be required to use a mass flow meter to measure the
volume of imported/exported CO2. If the CO2 importer does not have a mass flow meter installed
to measure the volume imported, the measurements would be based on the volume of imported
CO2 transferred off site or used in onsite processes. If a CO2 exporter does not have mass flow
meters installed to measure the volume exported, the measurements would be based on the
volume of CO2 received for export.
• CO2 composition would be measured quarterly.
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What Information Would Be Reported?
In addition to the information required by the General Provisions at 40 CFR 98.3(c), the proposal calls for
facilities with production process units or CO2 production wells to report the following information at the
facility level; importers and exporters would report the information at the corporate level:
• Total annual mass of CO2 in metric tons.
• The weighted average composition of the CO2 stream captured, extracted, or transferred in either
gas, liquid, or solid forms.
• Annual amounts of CO2 transferred to the following end-use applications (if known):
o Food and beverage
o Industrial and municipal water/wastewater treatment
o Metal fabrication, including welding and cutting
o Greenhouse uses for plant growth
o Fumigants (e.g., grain storage) and herbicides
o Pulp and paper
o Cleaning and solvent use
o Fire fighting
o Transportation and storage of explosives
o Enhanced oil and natural gas recovery
o Long-term storage (sequestration)
o Research and development
For More Information
This series of information sheets is intended to assist reporting facilities/owners in understanding key
provisions of the proposed rule. However, these information sheets are not intended to be a substitution
for the rule. Visit EPA's Web site (www.epa.gov/climatechange/emissions/ghgrulemaking.html) for more
information, including the proposed preamble and rule and additional information sheets on specific
industries, or go to to access the rulemaking docket (EPA-HQ OAR-2008-0508).
For questions that cannot be answered through the Web site or docket, call 1-877-GHG-l 188.
March 2009 2 EPA-430-F-09-016
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