&EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Solid Waste and
Emergency Response
(5305)
REUSABLE
NEWS
EPA530-N-94-005
Fall 1994
Environment and
the Economy—
A Winning
Combination
As part of the Jobs Through Recycling Initia-
tive—EPA's new program to expand markets
for recycled materials, stimulate economic
development, and create jobs in the recycling in-
dustry—California, Minnesota, New York, and
North Carolina are establishing Recycling and
Reuse Business Assistance Centers (RBACs). Each
center will provide a unique mix of technical,
business, financing, and marketing assistance to
^^^^^^^^^^^ local enterprises using recy-
cled materials.
In addition to supporting
RBACs, the Initiative estab-
lishes Recycling Economic
Development Advocates
(REDAs) in eight states, the
^^^^^^^^^^^ District of Columbia, and one
Native American tribe (see
sidebar on page 7). These advocates will work to
strengthen recycling market development within
their respective jurisdictions.
Some of the interesting initiatives under way in
each RBAC are highlighted in this issue of Reus-
able News. Turn to page 6 for more information.
Recycling Is
Good for the
Environment
and the
Economy!
IN THIS ISSUE
RBACs and REDAs Ready to Roll Keep America
Beautiful: Buy Recycled Tap Into Re Tap Reusable
News Goes On Line Compost Publications Available
Foam Recycling Soars
Shop 'Til
You Drop
Keep America
Beautiful
Communities Buy Recycled
From the Great Plains to the Florida Keys, communi-
ties across America are being challenged to "buy
recycled"—thanks to the help of Keep America
Beautiful (KAB), a nonprofit or-
ganization dedicated to improv-
ing waste management practices
in communities across the coun-
try. KAB is empowering its local
affiliate organizations—a network
of more than 500 community
groups across the nation—to
spread the buy-recycled message.
With EPA assistance, 15 KAB
affiliates are encouraging businesses, government agen-
cies, and individuals in their communities to purchase
and use products made from recycled materials. Because
of these communities' efforts, markets for local recycla-
ble materials can grow and prosper. Below are four
examples of proactive and creative buy-recycled cam-
paigns conceived by local KAB affiliates.
Buying Recycled Provides Food for
Thought
The great thing about buying recycled is that everyone
can do it—it can be as easy as a trip to the grocery store!
During Earth Week in 1994, the Alliance Clean Commu-
nity System (ACCS), in Alliance, Nebraska, devised a
campaign to teach consumers how to be "green" shop-
pers. Over 5,000 people learned about buying recycled
in one week during ACCS's "Every Day is Earth Day"
campaign.
(Continued on page 2)
Beau«*°v
^ Reusable News is printed with soy/canola ink on paper that contains at least 50 percent recycled fiber.
-------
Shop 'Til You Drop
Keep America Beautiful Communities Buy Recycled
(Continued from page 1)
As part of the campaign, ACCS
developed tags to be placed on gro-
cery shelves that informed
customers which brands of napkins,
paper towels, and greeting cards
were made with recycled content,
and which brands of cake mixes,
canned fruits, laundry products, egg
cartons, and breakfast cereals came
in packaging made from recycled
materials.
ACCS also developed posters and
flyers promoting the campaign, and
ran TV and radio "buy-recycled"
public service announcements. Par-
ticipating supermarkets displayed
the posters and stuffed the flyers in
shopping bags during the week.
Some stores even developed their
own store displays to help educate
shoppers.
"Customers who shopped at par-
ticipating stores during the campaign
were surprised at how many products
contained recycled materials or used
recycled packaging," said Norma
Kuhlman, director of
ACCS. "Many of them
made a verbal commit-
ment to buy recycled
now that they know
how many recycled
products are out there.
It's not as hard as they
thought."
Florida
Businesses
Ride the Buy-
Recycled Tide
Norman, Danny, and Connie Williams of Islamorada Dry Cleaners
When you envision show off their "Recycling Business of the Week" award for buying
Key Largo Florida you recycled garment bags, tissue paper, and hangers.
probably think of palm
trees swaying in the breeze, Hum-
phrey Bogart and Lauren Bacall, and
key lime pie. Residents and busi-
and donates used office materials
to a local daycare center for arts
and crafts.
As part of a buy-recycled campaign, grocery and
retail stores in Alliance, Nebraska, tagged prod-
ucts containing recycled materials.
nesses of the town of Tavernier,
however, concentrate more on recy-
cling.
To encourage and recognize Tav-
ernier businesses that are recycling
and buying recycled products, Clean
Florida Keys, Inc., created "The Re-
cycling Business of the Week"
program. Clean Florida Keys selects
one outstanding business each week
from a pool of contestants nomi-
nated by individuals in the
community. The winning business is
featured in the local newspaper, and
on a local radio and television sta-
tion. The company also receives a
commemorative plaque.
"We've initiated a lot of busi-
nesses into the recycling arena," said
Executive Director Bill Dalton.
"Many of these businesses never re-
cycled or bought recycled products
until they saw what other businesses
were doing, and then they got in-
spired."
Since the program's inception in
January 1994, winners have
included:
• A mortgage corporation that buys
recycled notepads, reuses and
then recycles used office paper,
A law office that purchases recy-
cled file folders, copy paper, and
computer paper, when available.
A lumber company that manufac-
tures plastic lumber from recov-
ered plastic.
A carpet store that sells rugs made
from recycled polyethylene tere-
phthalate (PET) soda bottles.
Recycled Frisbees
Make the Grade
Students at the Texas A & M Uni-
versity learned a new equation
during a 1994 Earth Day festival:
3 milk jugs = 1 frisbee. "Cool!" was
the students' first reaction to the
frisbees created entirely from recy-
cled milk jugs and distributed by
KAB affiliate, Brazos Beautiful, at
the festival. Brazos Beautiful, lo-
cated in Bryan/College Station,
Texas, brought its traveling display
of recyclables and recycled prod-
ucts to show students the benefits of
buying recycled.
While the booth features recy-
clables collected locally and
products that can be manufactured
from them, none of the products
regularly displayed at the booth was
-------
manufactured in Brazos County. Bra-
zos Beautiful decided to
manufacture frisbees from milk jugs
collected locally. "We liked the idea
that the frisbees were not brought in
from far away," said Diane Craig, di-
rector of Brazos Beautiful. "They
came from our refrigerators."
The frisbees were used to attract
students to the booth and were flung
out as souvenirs. Craig felt that the
frisbees and the booth "definitely
made students more aware of buying
recycled," and as a result she feels
the buy-recycled message will stick
with them.
Students not only learned about
buying recycled from attending the
booth, but many got a first-hand
glimpse at how recovered materials
can be used to manufacture consumer
products. In preparation for the event,
students collected milk jugs from lo-
cal recycling programs, and then
One of 3,000 frisbees made from recycled milk jugs for Texas
A&M University's 1994 Earth Day festival.
the buy- recycled con-
cept is really taking off.
Buying
Recycled
Is Kidstuff, Too
Recycling is not only
essential to our exist-
ence on earth, it is
helpful to our world.
These are the words of
an 8th grader's public
service announcement,
written as part of a buy-
recycled campaign.
Keep the Mahoning
Valley Beautiful, a KAB affiliate in
Youngstown, Ohio, has campaigned
in area schools to help children un-
derstand recycling and why buying
recycled products is so important.
As part of the campaign, Keep the
Mahoning Valley
Beautiful sponsored
a student essay con-
test. Winning essays
were turned into
public service an-
nouncements. Two
hundred and ninety
students in grades 7
through 12 partici-
pated in the contest,
and responded to
the following ques-
tion: If I were
America's repre-
sentative to an Earth
Summit on recy-
cling, what issues
would I address ?
Students do some dumpster diving while waste-auditing a local busi-
ness.
Youngstown. "This program has re-
ally had an impact on the local waste
stream," she added. "Some busi-
nesses we audited are now big on
buy-recycled." B
cleaned, ground, and prepared the
plastic for manufacturing. The resin
was sent to a contractor, where engi-
neering students helped in the
manufacturing process. The frisbees
contain 96 percent recycled content,
all of which is postconsumer.
In all, students helped manufacture
some 3,000 frisbees, which used about
9,000 milk jugs that had been col-
lected by the community. More than
half of these were given away at the
festival, which just goes to show that
The three winning
essays, which came from grades 7, 8,
and 9, were read on a local television
program called "Talk-Back." Each
winner received a $ 100 U.S. Govern-
ment Savings Bond.
The campaign also included a
waste audit program where 7th
grade student audit teams surveyed
14 local businesses to evaluate their
recycling and procurement prac-
tices and recommend additional
measures. "People listen to kids,"
said Marie Viglio, a teacher at St.
Christine's Grade School in
Spread the
Word on
Buying
Recycled!
KAB, with assistance from
EPA, has developed a train-
ing package to assist
communities that want to pro-
mote the buy-recycled ethic. The
package includes a video featur-
ing EPA Administrator Carol
Browner. She answers questions
about the importance of "closing
the loop" and the need to edu-
cate the public, as well as about
the role of business, industry, and
the government in stimulating
markets for materials recovered
from municipal solid waste. The
package also includes a "how-to"
program manual that has infor-
mation about the 15 KAB
buy-recycled pilot projects and
camera-ready brochures. It is
available at a cost of $40. To order
the package, call KAB at 203 323-
8987.
-------
Tapping Into ReTAP
It's not as easy as you may think for
manufacturers to become "green."
While many manufacturers want
to be more environmentally con-
scious in their operations, they often
do not have the technical know-how
to change their practices or materi-
als. To help manufacturers across the
country get the information they
need, EPA is supporting the Recycling
Technology Assistance Partnership
(ReTAP) National Network.
ReTAP is a joint effort of the Clean
Washington Center (CWC), the Na-
tional Recycling Coalition (NRC),
the National Institute of Standards
and Technology (NIST)—a division
of the U.S. Depart-
ment of Commerce
—and EPA. NIST's
support of ReTAP is
part of President
Clinton's technology
reinvestment pro-
ject, which assists
defense industry
businesses in adopt-
ing new technologies to become
more competitive.
ReTAP has two distinct goals:
• To provide technical assistance to
companies in the State of Wash-
ington interested in producing or
using recycled feedstocks
• To disseminate recycling technol-
ogy information across the country
through a national network.
To accomplish its first goal, Re-
TAP engineers visit companies to
evaluate their recycling technology
needs, identify barriers to recycling,
and find solutions. ReTAP's services
are customized to meet the needs of
each individual company. For exam-
ple, assistance might entail teaching
a firm how to substitute recovered
materials for virgin materials or
helping a company locate markets
for materials being sent to a landfill.
An example of the type of ReTAP
success stories achieved to date is
introducing recycled resins from
milk bottles into an injection-
molded product. As a result, the
product's performance was en-
hanced, and the company realized a
significant cost savings.
To create a national technology
information network for manufac-
turers, ReTAP will start by forging
an electronic link among NIST's
manufacturing extension centers.
NIST will establish 100 such centers
in communities across the country by
1997 to help small manufacturers be-
come more competitive. ReTAP will
also join with EPA's Jobs Through Re-
cycling Initiative to develop targeted
resources, such as a technology tool kit
and a series of 10 "best practice"
manuals. These resources will help
both the compa-
nies using recov-
ered materials
and individuals
providing tech-
nology services to
these firms.
The tool kit was
designed specifi-
cally for engineers
and specialists who interact with
companies. It will include such
items as case studies and models for
program structuring, protocols to as-
sess the use of recycled feedstock,
and software programs to track and
evaluate progress. The manuals will
help companies learn how to effec-
tively use existing technologies for
recyclable commodities, such as
glass and scrap tires. Another key
component of the network will be an
easily accessible database on recycled
use practices, new technological de-
velopments, and innovative
applications for recovered materials.
If you are interested in tapping
into ReTAP's onsite services (in
Washington state only), call Viki
Sonntag of the Clean Washington
Center at 206 464-6009. If you are
interested in information available
through the National Network and
other available services, call Gordon
Davidson of the National Recycling
Coalition at 202 625-6406. 1
WASTE Newsletter
Now
Available
The first issue of a newsletter
dedicated to the WasteWi$e program
is available free of charge to any in-
terested party.
WasteWi$e helps businesses take
cost-effective actions to prevent
waste, collect materials for recycl- ing,
and buy recycled. To receive
the WasteWi$e Update, call the
WasteWi$e Hotline at 800 EPA-
WISE. I
Thanks to you, all sorts of everyday
products are being made from the
paper, plastic, metal and glass that
you've been recycling.
But to keep recycling working to
help protect the environment, you
need to buy those products.
BUY RECYCLED.
So look for products made from
recycled materials, and buy them. It
would mean the world to all of us.
To receive a free brochure, write
Buy Recycled, Environmental Defense
Fund, 237 Park Ave. South, New York,
NY 10010, or call 1-800-CALL-EDF.
-------
Recycling Is Becoming
Part of the Package
Imagine how many foam peanuts
you would need to fill the Empire
State Building. Would you believe
that it would take about 23 million
pounds? That's the amount of pea-
nuts and other expanded poly-
styrene (EPS) foam packaging
that the Association of Foam
Packaging Recyclers (AFPR)
and consumers collected for
recycling in 1993.
In just three years, the
recycling rate of EPS foam
packaging has grown from
almost nothing in 1991 to
nearly 11 percent in 1994,
according to a study con-
ducted for AFPR. As a result,
EPS foam—which you might
also think of as the large
white molded shapes used to
cushion appliances and
equipment—is now the third
most commonly recycled
used plastic after soda
bottles and milk jugs.
All of the foam
collected is considered
"postconsumer," as
it has served its in-
tended purpose.
Most (approxi-
mately 90 percent)
of the EPS foam col-
lected for recycling
comes from indus-
try. EPS foam is used
to transport parts to
equipment manufacturers
and finished products to retailers. In
the past, the foam was discarded af-
ter shipments were received. Now,
after the foam has transported mate-
rials safely, companies can send
delivery trucks full of the foam back
to foam manufacturers for recycling,
which can save companies the cost
of disposal. Foam manufacturers
grind up the used foam and either
make new foam out of it or market
the ground-up materials to other
companies for use in making plastic
products such as videocassettes or
desk organizers.
The remaining 10 percent of the
EPS foam collected for recycling
comes from consumers who
buy products that are pack-
aged in foam, such as stereos.
AFPR has established over
200 consumer collection
sites in 39 states at AFPR
member plant locations,
recycling companies,
Army depots, grocery
stores, and other sites.
Most consumers first
leam about EPS foam recy-
cling from inserts
developed by AFPR, which
many manufacturers are
now enclosing in their
packaging. The insert pro-
vides a toll-free number
that consumers can call
to find out where EPS
foam is collected for re-
cycling in their area.
According to AFPR, the
toll-free number
receives hun-
dreds of calls per
month.
Prior to the
winter holiday
season, a time that
usually produces
large quantities of EPS
foam packaging
waste, AFPR runs special cam-
paigns to encourage EPS foam recy-
cling. During this time, AFPR often
receives thousands of calls per
month—50 percent are from con-
sumers who have read the packaging
insert.
For information on EPS foam recy-
cling or to locate the nearest EPS
foam recycling collection center, call
the Association of Foam Packaging
Recyclers at 800 944-8448.1
Two Guides
Provide the
Dirt on
Composting
rganic wastes (including pa-
iper, food scraps, and yard
trimmings) make up a siz-
able portion of the municipal solid
waste (MSW) stream in many com-
munities. By adding composting to
the mix of waste management op-
tions, communities can divert as
much as 60 percent of MSW from
landfilling or combustion! The fol-
lowing resources can help you de-
termine whether residential or
municipal composting is an option
for your community.
Keep It Off the Curb is a step-by-
step manual for community and
state government officials who
want to establish a backyard com-
posting program for residents.
Specifically, it is designed for those
communities that want to distrib-
ute bins so that residents can
compost in their own backyards.
The book presents information on
composting basics, potential cost
savings from waste diversion, and
bin selection and distribution op-
tions, as well as information on
how to elicit support, conduct
workshops, and set up demonstra-
tion sites. It provides case studies
of successful bin distribution pro-
grams and ready-to-use tools for
the community, such as camera-
ready brochures and surveys. To
order a copy of the manual, call
Harmonious Technologies at 805
646-8030.
Composting Yard Trimmings
and Municipal Solid Waste is an
EPA guidance manual for state and
local planners who are interested
in organizing municipal composting
operations. It provides guidance on
setting up all kinds of composting
operations—from basic windrow
processes to high-tech, in-vessel
systems. The guidebook also pro-
vides assistance on anticipating and
(Continued on page 8)
-------
Environment and the Economy—A Winning Combination
(Continued from page 1)
Creating Markets for
Hard-To-Recycle Materials in
Minnesota
Minnesota is developing markets for several
materials generated in large quantities that
are currently difficult to recycle within the
state. By focusing on wood waste, certain plastics,
and low-grade paper, Minnesota will help the state
move beyond its current 40 percent recycling rate.
One potential use for these materials is in compos-
ite products. (Composites are made by combining
two or more different materials in a way that en-
hances their combined properties.) Building on
prior research conducted by the Office of Environ-
mental Assistance (OEA), Minnesota's RBAC has
developed an impressive list of potential new com-
posites that might prove economical to produce. For
example, Minnesota will fund a study to explore
ways to increase demand for bagged wood chips and
mulches derived from blends of wood waste and
demolition waste. Another project will support re-
search on ways to add structural reinforcement
materials into composites of wood and plastic
wastes to expand their usage. For example, such
reinforcement will make these materials stronger so
that they can be used for structural purposes.
Minnesota industries have already shown a will-
ingness to integrate recovered materials such as old
newspapers, old corrugated containers, and steel
cans into existing manufacturing processes. By fo-
cusing on the more difficult to recycle wastes,
Minnesota will not only improve waste manage-
ment, expand recycling, and conserve virgin
resources, but it also will create new businesses and
new jobs in recycling. "By targeting and working
closely with specific industries and expanding co-
operative activities with economic development
officials, we will have a significant impact on the
state's recycled materials markets," said Ted Troolin,
supervisor of OEAs Market Development Unit.
North Carolina's RBAC Launches
Demonstration Projects
During the summer of 1994, North Carolina's
Department of Environment, Health, and Natu-
ral Resources (DEHNR) surveyed nearly 500
recycling companies within the state. The survey in-
cluded manufacturers, scrap dealers, processors, col-
lectors, brokers, equipment dealers, and pallet
reclaimers. It assessed their size, growth potential, and
financing and technical assistance needs. North Caro-
lina will use these data, along with the findings of its
soon-to-be released report entitled Assessment of the
Recycling Industry and Recycling Materials in North
Carolina to establish four demonstration projects
showcasing different recycling market development
strategies:
• Capacity Expansion Demonstration Project—The
RBAC will help a chosen company increase the
amount of recycled feedstock it presently uses.
Assistance will include securing capital, install-
ing new equipment, and locating potential sup-
plies of recovered materials. The experience of
this select company will serve as a model for other
fledgling recycling businesses and help expand
use of recovered feedstocks within the state.
States with
Feedstock Conversion Demonstration Project—
Switching from virgin to recovered material feed-
stocks is not always easy for manufacturers. For
example, such a conversion can entail equipment
purchases, changes in processes and product for-
mulations, and employee training. North Carolina
will help a select company completely convert
from virgin to recycled feedstock. A team of RBAC
specialists will work closely with plant managers
to identify appropriate equipment, secure capital,
and seek out consistent, stable feedstock sources.
Industrial Recruitment Demonstration Project—
North Carolina will coordinate state efforts to
attract companies that use targeted recovered
feedstocks to the state by offering expert business
development advice and technical assistance.
Regional Commodities Demonstration Project—
Many new recycling businesses find it difficult to
locate economical sources of high-quality recovered
feedstocks. This project will help a chosen company
identify local suppliers of recovered materials. Us-
ing local, rather than out-of-state, suppliers reduces
transportation costs, making it more attractive for
manufacturers to use recovered materials.
-------
North Carolina is poised to bring these combined
economic and market development plans to fruition.
"We believe our efforts will open up new markets,
strengthen existing ones, and eventually create jobs in
the recycling industry," predicted Mary Beth Powell,
manager of DEHNR's Solid Waste Reduction Program.
Postconsumer Payoff in New York
forking in cooperation with the South Bronx
2000 Local Development Corporation, the
New York RBAC will support community-
based recycling enterprises that use materials recov-
ered from commercial, industrial, and institutional
generators. Bronx 2000 has already started several
innovative recycling projects, including the Big City
Forest facility that is remanufacturing thousands of
wood pallets and shipping containers. This pilot
project created 37 jobs and processed 37,000 dis-
carded pallets and 413,000 pounds of wood packag-
ing materials. RBAC funding will help establish
additional wood reclamation programs based on this
prototype.
New York's RBAC, housed in the State Department
of Economic Development (DED), also plans to im-
prove the collection infrastructure for office paper
Economic Development
Specialists Focus on Recycling
EPA's Jobs Through Recycling Initiative is also sup-
porting ten professional staff positions for
Recycling Economic Development Advocates (RE-
DAs). These economic development specialists are
helping create new recycling jobs, advising new
and existing recycling businesses, and coordinat-
ing solid waste and economic development efforts
within their respective jurisdictions. Each of the
following is hosting a REDA:
• Arizona —Department of Commerce
• Delaware —Development Office
• District of Columbia—Office of Economic
Development
• Iowa —Department of Economic and
Employment Development
• Maryland—Department of Economic
Development
• Nebraska —Department of Economic
Development
• Ohio —Department of Development
• Oklahoma —Department of Commerce
• Oregon —Economic Development Department
• Siletz Tribe (Oregon)—Economic
Development Office
and paperboard packaging. It will establish partner-
ships between local collection programs and paper
companies. These partnerships will demonstrate
cost-effective methods for collecting, processing,
transporting, and delivering high-quality waste-
paper to mills. New York will also work with 12
plastics processors, reclaimers, and manufacturers to
help them resolve barriers to expanding their use of
postconsumer recovered plastics.
"EPA's RBAC funding will help us accelerate our
efforts to optimize market conditions for recycling in
New York and raise the efficiency with which secondary
materials are recovered and used as manufacturing feed-
stocks," said William Ferretti, director of DED's Office
of Recycling Market Development.
California Nurtures Fledgling
Recycling Businesses
kalifornia's RBAC, dubbed the "R-Team," is es-
tablishing an information network to provide
'recycling companies with the many types of
information they need to be successful, from gen-
eral business advice to technical assistance. The
network will help recycling entrepreneurs access
the technical reports and materials testing informa-
tion they need. It also will link these entrepreneurs
with experts at federal laboratories and manufac-
turing technology centers.
Housed at the California Integrated Waste Manage-
ment Board, the RBAC will set up a telephone and
facsimile hotline that offers two levels of support.
First, the hotline will provide all recycling compa-
nies that call in with general business advice. It will
also disseminate publications, answer questions, and
make referrals. Second, the hotline will provide more
individualized services to selected recycling busi-
nesses. These services will include:
• Identifying low-cost technical assistance.
• Coordinating financing.
« Helping with business planning and marketing
activities.
• Identifying sources of recovered materials.
• Providing siting and permitting assistance.
In addition to establishing this resource network,
California is also identifying existing businesses that
can convert from the use of virgin to recovered mate-
rials, as well as those that are likely to benefit by
diversifying their current product mix or expanding
their manufacturing capacity. "By providing direct
services to recycling businesses, we are working to
help them profit through recycled content manufac-
turing," said R-Team director Ranny Eckstrom.
For more information on EPA's Jobs Through Recy-
cling Initiative, see the Spring issue of Reusable News. B
-------
Reusable News Goes Online
As part of a new EPA pilot pro-
ject, Internet users are now
able to find everyone's favor-
ite solid waste periodical, Reusable
News, on line. The EPA Internet Pilot
Project grew out of a desire to make
solid waste publications available to
the growing ranks of computer users
seeking information on line. So,
along with documents on landfill
regulations and RCRA hazardous
waste materials, individuals can
now pick up the latest issue of this
publication electronically.
Since the project began in July,
organizers are reporting a lot of inter-
est in the various EPA publications.
Unfortunately, all good pilot projects
must come to an end—this one in
January. But EPA will be conducting
a thorough analysis of the process,
and, if all went well, users will soon
find Reusable News regularly on the
Internet.
Reusable News can be accessed on
line using one of several Internet
pathways:
• Through Gopher:
Go to the gopher.epa.gov server.
From the main menu, begin with
"EPA Offices and Regions."
Reusable News is under the "Office
of Solid Waste" directory.
Through FTP:
Go to the ftp.epa.gov server. Login
as "anonymous" using your
Internet address as the password.
Reusable News files are located in
/pub. All OSW files are in
directories beginning with "OSW."
Through Telnet:
Go to the gopher.epa.gov server
and choose the EPA Public Access
Gopher. From the main (Gopher)
menu, begin with "EPA Offices and
Regions." Reusable News is under
the "Office of Solid Waste"
directory.
Through Mosaic:
Go to the http://www.epa.gov
server and choose the EPA Public
Access Gopher. From the main
(Gopher) menu, begin with "EPA
Offices and Regions." Reusable
News is under the "Office of Solid
Waste" directory.
Through dial-up access:
Dial 919 558-0335. Once connected,
choose the EPA Public Access
Gopher. From the main (Gopher)
menu, begin with "EPA Offices and
Regions." Reusable News\s under
the "Office of Solid Waste"
directory. B
Two Guides Provide the Dirt on Composting
(Continued from page 5)
overcoming some of the common challenges involved in establishing a
composting program, including designing the facility, managing odors,
involving the public in the siting process, and identifying end users of the
compost product. It also explains the biology of the composting process,
collection and processing methods, and marketing techniques. A compre-
hensive listing of many types of composting equipment (along with
product costs and advantages and disadvantages) also is included. This
manual can be ordered for $27 (plus a $4 handling diarge) by calling the
National Technical Information Service (NTIS) at 800 553-6847 and request-
ing publication number EPA530-R-94-003.1
The mention of publications, products, or organizations in this newsletter does not constitute
endorsement or approval for use by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
1 EPA
United States
Environmental Protection Agency
(5305)
Washington, DC 20460
Official Business
Penalty for Private Use
$300
------- |