vvEPA United States Office of Water Environmental Protection Office of Science and Technology 2006 Agency (4304T) Recommended Water Quality Criteria ------- NATIONAL RECOMMENDED WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR PRIORITY TOXIC POLLUTANTS 8a 8b Priority Pollutant 1 Antimony 2 Arsenic 6 Copper 7 Lead Mercury Methylmercury 9 Nickel 10 Selenium CAS Number Freshwater CMC CCC ( g/L) ( g/L) 7440360 7440382 340 A.D.K 7440417 7440508 7439921 7439976 22967926 13 D,E,K,cc 65 D,E,bb,gg 1.4 D,K,hh 7440020 470o,E,K 7782492 L.R-T Saltwater CMC CCC ( g/L) ( g/L) Human Health For Consumption of: Water + Organism Organism Only ( g/L) ( g/L) 5 6 640] 150 A.D.K 4 Cadmium 5a Chromium (III) 5h rVirnmiiim fVTl 7440439 2.0D,E,K,bb 16065831 570D.E.K 18WI9QQ Ifinii- 0.25 D,E,K,bl 74 D.E.K 11 r,ic 9.0D,E,K,cc 2.5D,E,bb,gg ^m 0.77D,K,hh 52 D.E.K 5.0 T 69 A,D,bb 40 D,bb 74 D.bb 290 o.bb.dd 36 A,D,bb 8.8o,bb 0.018 C.M.S 0.14c,M,s FR Cite/ Source 65FR66443 65FR31682 57FR60848 65FR31682 EPA-822-R-01-001 65FR31682 8.2o,bb 71 D.bb.dd 610B 170 z 4,600 B 4200 EPA820/B-96- 001 65FR31682 65FR31682 31682 65FR31682 62FR42160 0.3 mg/kg J EPA823-R-01- 001 65FR31682 62FR42160 65FR31682 65FR66443 11 Silver 7440224 3.2D.E.G 1.9D.G 65FR31682 ------- NATIONAL RECOMMENDED WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR PRIORITY TOXIC POLLUTANTS Priority Pollutant 12 Thallium 13 Zinc Asbestos 16 2,3,7,8-TCDD (Dioxin) 17 Acrolein 18 Acrylonitrile 19 Benzene 20 Bromoform 21 Carbon Tetrachloride 22 Chlorobenzene 23 Chlorodibromomethane 24 Chloroethane CAS Number 7440280 1332214 1746016 107028 107131 71432 75252 56235 108907 124481 75003 Freshwater CMC CCC ( g/L) ( g/L) Saltwater CMC CCC ( g/L) ( g/L) Human Health For Consumption of: Water + Organism Organism Only ( g/L) ( g/L) 7440666 120 D.E.K 57125 22K.Q 120 D.E.K 90 o.bb Q,bb 81 D,bb Q,bb FR Cite/ Source 24 00 u tOjj illion rs/L i E-9c 90 51 B,C 2 B,C ! B,C 3 B,C )z,u, OB.C 0.47 26,000 u 140 jj 5.1E-9c 290 0.25 B,C 51B.C 140 B,C 1.6 B,C l,600u 13B.C 68FR75510 65FR31682 65FR66443 EPA820/B-96- 001 57FR60848 68FR75510 57FR60848 65FR66443 65FR66443 65FR66443 IRIS 01/1 9/00 &65FR66443 65FR66443 65FR66443 68FR75510 65FR66443 ------- NATIONAL RECOMMENDED WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR PRIORITY TOXIC POLLUTANTS 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 " 35 36 37 38 Priority Pollutant 2-Chloroethylvinyl Ether Chloroform Dichlorobromomethane 1,1 -Dichloroethane 1,2-Dichloroethane 1,1 -Dichloroethy lene 1,2-Dichloropropane 1,3 -Dichloropropene Ethylbenzene Methyl Bromide Methyl Chloride Methylene Chloride 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane Tetrachloroethylene Toluene 1,2-Trans-Dichloroethylene CAS Number 110758 67663 75274 75343 107062 75354 78875 542756 100414 74839 74873 75092 79345 127184 108883 156605 Freshwater CMC CCC ( g/L) ( g/L) Saltwater CMC CCC ( g/L) ( g/L) Human Health For Consumption of: Water + Organism Organism Only ( g/L) ( g/L) 0.38 B,C 330 37B,c 7,100 FR Cite/ Source 62FR42160 65FR66443 65FR66443 68FR75510 0.50 B,C 0.34 c 530 15B.C 21 c 2,100 4.6 B,C 0.17B.C 0.69 c 590 B,C 4.0 B,C 3.3 c 1,300 z 15,000 10,000 65FR66443 68FR75510 68FR75510 65FR66443 65FR31682 65FR66443 65FR66443 65FR66443 68FR75510 68FR75510 ------- NATIONAL RECOMMENDED WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR PRIORITY TOXIC POLLUTANTS 43 44 45 46 47 49 51 52 53 Priority Pollutant 1,1,1 -Trichloroethane 1,1,2-Trichloroethane Trichloroethylene Vinyl Chloride 2-Chlorophenol 2,4-Dichlorophenol 2,4-Dimethylphenol 2-Methyl-4,6-Dinitrophenol 2,4-Dinitrophenol -Nitrophenol 4-Nitrophenol 3 -Methyl-4-Chlorophenol Pentachlorophenol 54 Phenol 55 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol 56 Acenaphthene CAS Number 71556 79005 79016 75014 95578 120832 108952 88062 83329 Freshwater CMC CCC ( g/L) ( g/L) Saltwater CMC CCC ( g/L) ( g/L) Human Health For Consumption of: Water + Organism Organism Only ( g/L) ( g/L) 0.59B.C 2.5 c 16B.C 30 c 0.025 c,kk 2.4 c,kk 8lB,U 150 B,U 77 B,U 290 B,U 380 B 850 B,U FR Cite/ Source 65FR31682 65FR66443 65FR66443 68FR75510 65FR66443 65FR66443 65FR66443 65FR66443 65FR66443 19F.K 15F.K 13 bb 7.9 bb 0.27 B,C 3.0 B,C,H 21,000 B,U 1,700,000 B,U 1.4B,c 2.4B,c,u 670 B,U 990 B,U 65FR31682 65FR66443 65FR66443 65FR66443 65FR66443 ------- NATIONAL RECOMMENDED WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR PRIORITY TOXIC POLLUTANTS 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 67 68 69 70 71 72 Priority Pollutant Acenaphthylene Anthracene Benzidine Benzo(a)Anthracene Benzo(a)Pyrene Benzo(b)Fluoranthene Benzo(ghi)Perylene Benzo(k)Fluoranthene Bis(2-Chloroethoxy)Methane is(2-Chloroethyl)Ether Bis(2-Chloroisopropyl)Ether Bis(2-Ethylhexyl)Phthalatex 4-Bromophenyl Phenyl Ether Butylbenzyl Phthalatew 2-Chloronaphthalene 4-Chlorophenyl Phenyl Ether CAS Number 208968 120127 92875 56553 50328 Freshwater CMC CCC ( g/L) ( g/L) Saltwater CMC CCC ( g/L) ( g/L) Human Health For Consumption of: Water + Organism Organism Only ( g/L) ( g/L) 8,300 B 40,000 B 0.000086 B,C 0.00020 B,C ^^^^H 0.0038 B,C 0.018 B,C 0.0038 B,C 0.018 B,C 0.0038 B,C 0.018 B,C FR Cite/ Source 65FR66443 65FR66443 65FR66443 65FR66443 65FR66443 0.0038 B,C 0.018 B,C 330 B,C 0.53 B,C 1,400 B 65,000 B 1.2 B,C 2.2 B,C 65FR66443 65FR66443 65FR66443 65FR66443 ------- NATIONAL RECOMMENDED WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR PRIORITY TOXIC POLLUTANTS 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 . 83 84 85 86 Priority Pollutant Chrysene Dibenzo(a,h)Anthracene 1,2-Dichlorobenzene 1,3 -Dichlorobenzene 1,4-Dichlorobenzene 3,3 '-Dichlorobenzidine Diethyl Phthalatew Dimethyl Phthalat Di-n-Butyl Phthalatew 2,4-Dmitrotoluene 2,6-Dmitrotoluene Di-n-Octyl Phthalate 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine Fluoranthene 87 Fluorene 88 Hexachlorobenzene CAS Number 218019 53703 95501 541731 106467 91941 84662 131113 84742 Freshwater CMC CCC ( g/L) ( g/L) Saltwater CMC CCC ( g/L) ( g/L) Human Health For Consumption of: Water + Organism Organism Only ( g/L) ( g/L) 0.0038 B,C 0.018 B,C 0.0038 B,C 0.018 B,C 420 1,300 63 190 FR Cite/ Source 65FR66443 65FR66443 68FR75510 65FR66443 68FR75510 0.021 B,C 17,000 B 270,000 2,000 B ^^m O.llc 0.028 B,C 44,000 B 1,100,000 4,500 B l-c 65FR66443 65FR66443 65FR66443 65FR66443 65FR66443 0.00028 B,C 0.00029 B,C 65FR66443 65FR66443 65FR66443 65FR66443 ------- NATIONAL RECOMMENDED WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR PRIORITY TOXIC POLLUTANTS 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 Priority Pollutant CAS Number Freshwater CMC CCC ( g/L) ( g/L) Saltwater CMC CCC ( g/L) ( g/L) Hexachlorobutadiene 87683 Hexachlorocyclopentadiene 77474 Hexachloroethane 67721 Ideno(l,2,3-cd)Pyrene 193395 Isophorone 78591 Human Health For Consumption of: Water + Organism Organism Only ( g/L) ( g/L) 0.44 B,C 18 B,C l,100u 1.4B,c 3.3 B,C 0.0038 B,C 0.018 B,C 35 B,C 960 B,C FR Cite/ Source 65FR66443 68FR75510 65FR66443 65FR66443 65FR66443 99 100 Naphthalene 91203 Nitrobenzene N-Nitrosodimethylamine N-Nitrosodi-n-Propylamine N-Nitrosodiphenylamine Phenanthrene Pyrene 101 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene 102 Aldrin 103 alpha-BHC ^H 104 beta-BH( 98953 62759 621647 86306 85018 129000 120821 309002 319846 319857 17 B 0.00069 B,C 0.0050 B,C 3.3 B,C 0.000049 0.000050 B,C 0.0026 B,C 0.0049 B,C 0.0091 B,C 0.017 B,C 65FR66443 65FR66443 65FR66443 65FR66443 65FR66443 68FR75510 65FR31682 65FR66443 65FR66443 65FR66443 ------- NATIONAL RECOMMENDED WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR PRIORITY TOXIC POLLUTANTS Priority Pollutant 105 gamma-BHC (Lindane) 106 delta-BHC 107 Chlordane CAS Number Freshwater CMC CCC ( g/L) ( g/L) 109 4,4'-DDE 110 4,4'-DDD 111 Dieldrin 112 alpha-Endosulfan 113 beta-Endosulfan 114 Endosulfan Sulfate 115 Endrin 58899 0.95 K Saltwater CMC CCC ( g/L) ( g/L) 0.16G Human Health For Consumption of: Water + Organism Organism Only ( g/L) ( g/L) FR Cite/ Source 319868 57749 2.4 G 0.24 K 959988 0.22 G,Y 33213659 0.22 G,Y 1031078 72208 0.086 K 0.056 K,O 0.056 G,Y 0.056 G,Y 0.036 K,O 0.09 G 0.004 G.aa 65FR31682 0.00080 B,C 0.00081 B,C 65FR66443 O.OOlG,aa,u 65FR31682 0.00022 B,C 0.00022 B,C 65FR66443 0.00022 B,C 0.00022 B,C 65FR66443 0.0003 IB.C 0.0003 IB.C 65FR66443 65FR31682 0.000052 0.000054 65FR66443 B,C B,C 0.71 G 0.034 G,Y 0.034 G,Y 0.037 G 0.0019 G,a 0.0087 G,Y 0.0087 G,Y ^ 0.0023 G.aa 62 B 89i 62 B 0.059 89 B 0.060 65FR31682 65FR66443 65FR31682 65FR66443 65FR66443 65FR31682 68FR75510 ------- NATIONAL RECOMMENDED WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR PRIORITY TOXIC POLLUTANTS Prioritv Pollutant CAS Number Freshwater CMC CCC ( g/L) ( g/L) Saltwater CMC CCC ( g/L) ( g/L) 117 Heptachlor 118 Heptachlor Epoxide 76448 1024573 0.52 G 0.52 G,V 119 Polychlorinated Biphenyls PCBs: 120 Toxaphene 8001352 0.73 0.0038 G,a 0.0038 G.V.aa 0.053 G 0.0036 G,a 0.053 G,V 0.0036 G.V.aa Human Health For Consumption of: Water + Organism Organism Only ( g/L) ( g/L) 0.000079 0.000079 B,C B,C 0.000039 0.000039 FR Cite/ Source 65FR31682 65FR66443 65FR31682 65FR66443 0.014N,aa 0.03 N.aa 0.000064 0.000064 B,C,N B,C,N 0.0002 aa 0.21 0.0002 aa 0.00028B,C 0.00028 B,C 65FR31682 65FR66443 65FR31682 65FR66443 Footnotes: A This recommended water quality criterion was derived from data for arsenic (III), but is applied here to total arsenic, which might imply that arsenic (III) and arsenic (V) are equally toxic to aquatic life and that their toxicities are additive. In the arsenic criteria document (EPA 440/5-84-033, January 1985), Species Mean Acute Values are given for both arsenic (III) and arsenic (V) for five species and the ratios of the SMAVs for each species range from 0.6 to 1.7. Chronic values are available for both arsenic (III) and arsenic (V) for one species; for the fathead minnow, the chronic value for arsenic (V) is 0.29 times the chronic value for arsenic (III). No data are known to be available concerning whether the toxicities of the forms of arsenic to aquatic organisms are additive. B This criterion has been revised to reflect The Environmental Protection Agency's ql* or RfD, as contained in the Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) as of May 17, 2002. The fish tissue bioconcentration factor (BCF) from the 1980 Ambient Water Quality Criteria document was retained in each case. C This criterion is based on carcinogenicity of 10"6 risk. Alternate risk levels may be obtained by moving the decimal point (e.g., for a risk level of 10"5, move the decimal point in the recommended criterion one place to the right). D Freshwater and saltwater criteria for metals are expressed in terms of the dissolved metal in the water column. The recommended water quality criteria value was calculated by using the previous 304(a) aquatic life criteria expressed in terms of total recoverable metal, and multiplying it by a conversion factor (CF). The term "Conversion Factor" (CF) represents the recommended conversion factor for converting a metal criterion expressed as the total recoverable fraction in the water column to a criterion expressed as the dissolved fraction in the water column. (Conversion Factors for saltwater CCCs are not currently available. Conversion factors derived for saltwater CMCs have been used for both saltwater CMCs and CCCs). See "Office of Water Policy and Technical Guidance on Interpretation and Implementation of Aquatic Life Metals Criteria," October 1, 1993, by Martha G. Prothro, Acting Assistant Administrator for ------- NATIONAL RECOMMENDED WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR PRIORITY TOXIC POLLUTANTS Water, available from the Water Resource center, USEPA, 401 M St., SW, mail code RC4100, Washington, DC 20460; and 40CFR§131.36(b)(l). Conversion Factors applied in the table can be found in Appendix A to the Preamble- Conversion Factors for Dissolved Metals. E The freshwater criterion for this metal is expressed as a function of hardness (mg/L) in the water column. The value given here corresponds to a hardness of 100 mg/L. Criteria values for other hardness may be calculated from the following: CMC (dissolved) = exp{mA [ln(hardness)]+ bA} (CF), or CCC (dissolved) = exp{mc [In (hardness)]+ bc} (CF) and the parameters specified in Appendix B- Parameters for Calculating Freshwater Dissolved Metals Criteria That Are Hardness-Dependent. F Freshwater aquatic life values for pentachlorophenol are expressed as a function of pH, and are calculated as follows: CMC = exp(1.005(pH)-4.869); CCC = exp(1.005(pH)-5.134). Values displayed in table correspond to a pH of 7.8. G This Criterion is based on 304(a) aquatic life criterion issued in 1980, and was issued in one of the following documents: Aldrin/Dieldrin (EPA 440/5-80- 019), Chlordane (EPA 440/5-80-027), DDT (EPA 440/5-80-038), Endosulfan (EPA 440/5-80-046), Endrin (EPA 440/5-80-047), Heptachlor (EPA 440/5-80- 052), Hexachlorocyclohexane (EPA 440/5-80-054), Silver (EPA 440/5-80-071). The Minimum Data Requirements and derivation procedures were different in the 1980 Guidelines than in the 1985 Guidelines. For example, a "CMC" derived using the 1980 Guidelines was derived to be used as an instantaneous maximum. If assessment is to be done using an averaging period, the values given should be divided by 2 to obtain a value that is more comparable to a CMC derived using the 1985 Guidelines. H No criterion for protection of human health from consumption of aquatic organisms excluding water was presented in the 1980 criteria document or in the 1986 Quality Criteria for Water. Nevertheless, sufficient information was presented in the 1980 document to allow the calculation of a criterion, even though the results of such a calculation were not shown in the document. I This criterion for asbestos is the Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) developed under the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA). J This fish tissue residue criterion for methylmercury is based on a total fish consumption rate of 0.0175 kg/day. K This recommended criterion is based on a 304(a) aquatic life criterion that was issued in the 1995 Updates: Water Quality Criteria Documents for the Protection of Aquatic Life in Ambient Water, (EPA-820-B-96-001, September 1996). This value was derived using the GLI Guidelines (60FR15393-15399, March 23, 1995; 40CFR132 Appendix A); the difference between the 1985 Guidelines and the GLI Guidelines are explained on page iv of the 1995 Updates. None of the decisions concerning the derivation of this criterion were affected by any considerations that are specific to the Great Lakes. L The CMC = l/[(f I/CMC 1) + (f2/CMC2)] where f 1 and f2 are the fractions of total selenium that are treated as selenite and selenate, respectively, and CMC1 and CMC2 are 185.9 g/1 and 12.82 g/1, respectively. M EPA is currently reassessing the criteria for arsenic. N This criterion applies to total pcbs, (e.g., the sum of all congener or all isomer or homolog or Aroclor analyses.) O The derivation of the CCC for this pollutant (Endrin) did not consider exposure through the diet, which is probably important for aquatic life occupying upper trophic levels. P Although a new RfD is available in IRIS, the surface water criteria will not be revised until the National Primary Drinking Water Regulations: Stage 2 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule (Stage 2 DBPR) is completed, since public comment on the relative source contribution (RSC) for chloroform is anticipated. Q This recommended water quality criterion is expressed as g free cyanide (as CN)/L. R This value for selenium was announced (61FR58444-58449, November 14, 1996) as a proposed GLI 303(c) aquatic life criterion. EPA is currently working on this criterion and so this value might change substantially in the near future. S This recommended water quality criterion for arsenic refers to the inorganic form only. 10 ------- NATIONAL RECOMMENDED WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR PRIORITY TOXIC POLLUTANTS T This recommended water quality criterion for selenium is expressed in terms of total recoverable metal in the water column. It is scientifically acceptable to use the conversion factor (0.996- CMC or 0.922- CCC) that was used in the GLI to convert this to a value that is expressed in terms of dissolved metal. U The organoleptic effect criterion is more stringent than the value for priority toxic pollutants. V This value was derived from data for heptachlor and the criteria document provides insufficient data to estimate the relative toxicities of heptachlor and heptachlor epoxide. W Although EPA has not published a completed criteria document for butylbenzyl phthalate it is EPA's understanding that sufficient data exist to allow calculation of aquatic criteria. It is anticipated that industry intends to publish in the peer reviewed literature draft aquatic life criteria generated in accordance with EPA Guidelines. EPA will review such criteria for possible issuance as national WQC. X There is a full set of aquatic life toxicity data that show that DEHP is not toxic to aquatic organisms at or below its solubility limit. Y This value was derived from data for endosulfan and is most appropriately applied to the sum of alpha-endosulfan and beta-endosulfan. Z A more stringent MCL has been issued by EPA. Refer to drinking water regulations (40 CFR 141) or Safe Drinking Water Hotline (1-800-426-4791) for values. aa This criterion is based on a 304(a) aquatic life criterion issued in 1980 or 1986, and was issued in one of the following documents: Aldrin/Dieldrin (EPA 440/5-80-019), Chlordane (EPA 440/5-80-027), DDT (EPA 440/5-80-038), Endrin (EPA 440/5-80-047), Heptachlor (EPA 440/5-80-052), Polychlorinated biphenyls (EPA 440/5-80-068), Toxaphene (EPA 440/5-86-006). This CCC is currently based on the Final Residue Value (FRY) procedure. Since the publication of the Great Lakes Aquatic Life Criteria Guidelines in 1995 (60FR15393-15399, March 23, 1995), the Agency no longer uses the Final Residue Value procedure for deriving CCCs for new or revised 304(a) aquatic life criteria. Therefore, the Agency anticipates that future revisions of this CCC will not be based on the FRY procedure. bb This water quality criterion is based on a 304(a) aquatic life criterion that was derived using the 1985 Guidelines (Guidelines for Deriving Numerical National Water Quality Criteria for the Protection of Aquatic Organisms and Their Uses, PB85-227049, January 1985) and was issued in one of the following criteria documents: Arsenic (EPA 440/5-84-033), Cadmium (EPA-822-R-01-001), Chromium (EPA 440/5-84-029), Copper (EPA 440/5-84-031), Cyanide (EPA 440/5- 84-028), Lead (EPA 440/5-84-027), Nickel (EPA 440/5-86-004), Pentachlorophenol (EPA 440/5-86-009), Toxaphene, (EPA 440/5-86-006), Zinc (EPA 440/5-87- 003). cc When the concentration of dissolved organic carbon is elevated, copper is substantially less toxic and use of Water-Effect Ratios might be appropriate. dd The selenium criteria document (EPA 440/5-87-006, September 1987) provides that if selenium is as toxic to saltwater fishes in the field as it is to freshwater fishes in the field, the status of the fish community should be monitored whenever the concentration of selenium exceeds 5.0 g/L in salt water because the saltwater CCC does not take into account uptake via the food chain. ee This recommended water quality criterion was derived on page 43 of the mercury criteria document (EPA 440/5-84-026, January 1985). The saltwater CCC of 0.025 ug/L given on page 23 of the criteria document is based on the Final Residue Value procedure in the 1985 Guidelines. Since the publication of the Great Lakes Aquatic Life Criteria Guidelines in 1995 (60FR15393-15399, March 23, 1995), the Agency no longer uses the Final Residue Value procedure for deriving CCCs for new or revised 304(a) aquatic life criteria. ff This recommended water quality criterion was derived mAmbient Water Quality Criteria Saltwater Copper Addendum (Draft, April 14, 1995) and was promulgated in the Interim final National Toxics Rule (60FR22228-222237, May 4, 1995). gg EPA is actively working on this criterion and so this recommended water quality criterion may change substantially in the near future. hh This recommended water quality criterion was derived from data for inorganic mercury (II), but is applied here to total mercury. If a substantial portion of the mercury in the water column is methylmercury, this criterion will probably be under protective. In addition, even though inorganic mercury is converted to 11 ------- NATIONAL RECOMMENDED WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR PRIORITY TOXIC POLLUTANTS methylmercury and methylmercury bioaccumulates to a great extent, this criterion does not account for uptake via the food chain because sufficient data were not available when the criterion was derived. ii This criterion applies to DDT and its metabolites (i.e., the total concentration of DDT and its metabolites should not exceed this value). jj This recommended water quality criterion is expressed as total cyanide, even though the IRIS RFD we used to derive the criterion is based on free cyanide. The multiple forms of cyanide that are present in ambient water have significant differences in toxicity due to their differing abilities to liberate the CN- moiety. Some complex cyanides require even more extreme conditions than refluxing with sulfuric acid to liberate the CN-moiety. Thus, these complex cyanides are expected to have little or no 'bioavailability' to humans. If a substantial fraction of the cyanide present in a water body is present in a complexed form (e.g., Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3), this criterion may be over conservative. kk This recommended water quality criterion was derived using the cancer slope factor of 1.4 (LMS exposure from birth). 12 ------- NATIONAL RECOMMENDED WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR NON PRIORITY POLLUTANTS Non Priority Pollutant 1 Alkalinity 2 Aluminum pH 6.5 - 9.0 3 Ammonia CAS Number Freshwater CMC CCC ( g/L) ( g/L) Saltwater CMC CCC ( g/L) ( g/L) Human Health For Consumption of: Water + Organism Organism ( g/L) Only ( g/L) 7429905 750 G,I 20000 F 87 G,I,L 7664417 FRESHWATER CRITERIA ARE pH, Temperature and Life-stage DEPENDENT - SEE DOCUMENT D SALTWATER CRITERIA ARE pH AND TEMPERATURE DEPENDENT FR Cite/Source Gold Book 53FR33178 EPA822-R- 99-014 EPA440/5- 88-004 Aesthetic Qualities Bacteria Barium Boron Chloride Chlorine 10 Chlorophenoxy Herbicide (2,4,5,-TP) NARRATIVE STATEMENT- SEE DOCUMENT FOR PRIMARY RECREATION AND SHELLFISH USES - SEE DOCUMENT 1,000 A NARRATIVE STATEMENT- SEE DOCUMENT 16887006 860000 G 230000 G 7782505 19 11 13 7.5 93721 11 12 ,3 Chlorophenoxy Herbicide (2,4-D) Chloropyrifos Color 2921882 0.083 G 0.041 G 0.011 G 0.0056 G Gold Book Gold Book Gold Book Gold Book 53FR19028 Gold Book Gold Book NARRATIVE STATEMENT- SEE DOCUMENT F Gold Book Gold Book 13 ------- NATIONAL RECOMMENDED WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR NON PRIORITY POLLUTANTS Non Priority Pollutant CAS Number 14 Demeton 15 Ether, Bis( Chloromethyl) 16 Gases, Total Dissolved 17 Guthion 8065483 542881 86500 Freshwater CMC CCC ( g/L) ( g/L) Saltwater CMC CCC ( g/L) ( g/L) Human Health For Consumption of: Water + Organism Organism ( g/L) Only ( g/L) 0.1 F 0.1 F 0.00010 E,H 0.00029 E,H NARRATIVE STATEMENT - SEE DOCUMENT F 0.01 F 0.01 F 18 Hardness 19 Hexachlorocyclo-hexane- 319868 Technical 20 Iron 7439896 22 Manganese 7439965 24 Mirex 2385855 25 Nitrates 14797558 26 Nitrosamines 27 Dinitrophenols 25550587 NARRATIVE STATEMENT- SEE DOCUMENT 0.0123 1000 F 0.03 F 0.001 F 0.03 F 0.001 F 300 A 50A,O 100 A,C 10,000 A 0.0008 69 0.0414 100 A 1.24 5300 FR Cite/Source Gold Book 65FR66443 Gold Book Gold Book Gold Book Gold Book Gold Book Gold Book Gold Book Gold Book Gold Book Gold Book Gold Book 65FR66443 71FR9337 65FR66443 Gold Book 28 Nonylphenol 29 Nitrosodibutylamine,N 30 Nitrosodiethylamine,N 1044051 924163 55185 28 6.6 7.0 1.7 0.0063 A,H 0.0008 A,H 0.22 A,H 1.24A,H 14 ------- NATIONAL RECOMMENDED WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR NON PRIORITY POLLUTANTS Non Priority Pollutant 31 Nitrosopyrrolidine,N 32 Oil and Grease 33 35 36 37 38 39 Oxygen, Dissolved Freshwater Oxygen, Dissolved Saltwater Diazinon Parathion Pentachlorobenzene pH Phosphorus Elemental Nutrients CAS Number 930552 Freshwater CMC CCC ( g/L) ( g/L) Saltwater CMC CCC ( g/L) ( g/L) Human Health For Consumption of: Water + Organism Organism ( g/L) Only ( g/L) 0.016 H NARRATIVE STATEMENT - SEE DOCUMENT F 34 H 7782447 WARMWATER AND COLD WATER MATRIX - SEE DOCUMENT N SALTWATER - SEE DOCUMENT 40 Solids Dissolved and Salinity ' 49 42 43 Solids Suspem Turbidity Sulfide-Hydrogen Sulfide Tainting Substances See EPA's Ecoregional criteria for Total Phosphorus, Total Nitrogen, Chlorophyll a and Water Clarity (Secchi depth for lakes; turbidity for streams and rivers) (& Level III Ecoregional criteria) 250,000 A NARRATIVE STATEMENT - SEE DOCUMENT F 7783064 44 Temperature 2.0 F 2.0 F NARRATIVE STATEMENT- SEE DOCUMENT SPECIES DEPENDENT CRITERIA - SEE DOCUMENT M FR Cite/Source 65FR66443 Gold Book Gold Book EPA-822R- 00-012 Gold Book Gold Book Gold Book Gold Book 15 ------- NATIONAL RECOMMENDED WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR NON PRIORITY POLLUTANTS Non Priority Pollutant 45 Tetrachlorobenzene,l,2,4,5- 46 Tributyltin (TBT) Trichlorophenol,2,4,5- CAS Number 95943 95954 Freshwater CMC CCC ( g/L) ( g/L) Saltwater CMC CCC ( g/L) ( g/L) Human Health For Consumption of: Water + Organism Organism ( g/L) Only ( g/L) 0.46 Q 0.072 Q 0.42 Q 0.0074 Q 0.97 E 1,800 B,E LIE 3,600 B,E FR Cite/Source 65FR66443 EPA 822-F- 00-008 65FR66443 Footnotes: A This human health criterion is the same as originally published in the Red Book which predates the 1980 methodology and did not utilize the fish ingestion BCF approach. This same criterion value is now published in the Gold Book. B The organoleptic effect criterion is more stringent than the value presented in the non priority pollutants table. C A more stringent Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) has been issued by EPA under the Safe Drinking Water Act. Refer to drinking water regulations 40CFR141 or Safe Drinking Water Hotline (1-800-426-4791) for values. D According to the procedures described in the Guidelines for Deriving Numerical National Water Quality Criteria for the Protection of Aquatic Organisms and Their Uses, except possibly where a very sensitive species is important at a site, freshwater aquatic life should be protected if both conditions specified in Appendix C to the Preamble- Calculation of Freshwater Ammonia Criterion are satisfied. E This criterion has been revised to reflect EPA's ql* or RfD, as contained in the Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) as of May 17, 2002. The fish tissue bioconcentration factor (BCF) used to derive the original criterion was retained in each case. F The derivation of this value is presented in the Red Book (EPA 440/9-76-023, July, 1976). G This value is based on a 304(a) aquatic life criterion that was derived using the 1985 Guidelines (Guidelines for Deriving Numerical National Water Quality Criteria for the Protection of Aquatic Organisms and Their Uses, PB85-227049, January 1985) and was issued in one of the following criteria documents: Aluminum (EPA 440/5-86-008); Chloride (EPA 440/5-88-001); Chloropyrifos (EPA 440/5-86-005). H This criterion is based on carcinogenicity of 10"6 risk. Alternate risk levels may be obtained by moving the decimal point (e.g., for a risk level of 10"5, move the decimal point in the recommended criterion one place to the right). I This value for aluminum is expressed in terms of total recoverable metal in the water column. J This value is based on a 304(a) aquatic life criterion that was issued in the 1995 Updates: Water Quality Criteria Documents for the Protection of Aquatic Life in Ambient Water (EPA-820-B-96-001). This value was derived using the GLI Guidelines (60FR15393-15399, March 23, 1995; 40CFR132 Appendix A); the differences between the 1985 Guidelines and the GLI Guidelines are explained on page iv of the 1995 Updates. No decision concerning this criterion was affected by any considerations that are specific to the Great Lakes. K According to page 181 of the Red Book: 16 ------- NATIONAL RECOMMENDED WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR NON PRIORITY POLLUTANTS For open ocean waters where the depth is substantially greater than the euphotic zone, the pH should not be changed more than 0.2 units from the naturally occurring variation or any case outside the range of 6.5 to 8.5. For shallow, highly productive coastal and estuarine areas where naturally occurring pH variations approach the lethal limits of some species, changes in pH should be avoided but in any case should not exceed the limits established for fresh water, i.e., 6.5-9.0. L There are three major reasons why the use of Water-Effect Ratios might be appropriate. (l)The value of 87« micro-g/1 is based on a toxicity test with the striped bass in water with pH= 6.5-6.6 and hardness <10 mg/L. Data in "Aluminum Water-Effect Ratio for the 3M Plant Effluent Discharge, Middleway, West Virginia" (May 1994) indicate that aluminum is substantially less toxic at higher pH and hardness, but the effects of pH and hardness are not well quantified at this time. (2) In tests with the brook trout at low pH and hardness, effects increased with increasing concentrations of total aluminum even though the concentration of dissolved aluminum was constant, indicating that total recoverable is a more appropriate measurement than dissolved, at least when paniculate aluminum is primarily aluminum hydroxide particles. In surface waters, however, the total recoverable procedure might measure aluminum associated with clay particles, which might be less toxic than aluminum associated with aluminum hydroxide. (3) EPA is aware of field data indicating that many high quality waters in the U.S. contain more than 87 g aluminum/L, when either total recoverable or dissolved is measured. M U.S. EPA. 1973. Water Quality Criteria 1972. EPA-R3-73-033. National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA.; U.S. EPA. 1977. Temperature Criteria for Freshwater Fish: Protocol and Procedures. EPA-600/3-77-061. National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA. N U.S. EPA. 1986. Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Dissolved Oxygen. EPA 440/5-86-003. National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA. O This criterion for manganese is not based on toxic effects, but rather is intended to minimize objectionable qualities such as laundry stains and objectionable tastes in beverages. P Lakes and Reservoirs in Nutrient Ecoregion: II EPA 822-B-00-007, III EPA 822-B-01-008, IV EPA 822-B-01-009, V EPA 822-B-01-010, VI EPA 822-B-OO- 008 , VII EPA 822-B-00-009, VIII EPA 822-B-01-015, IX EPA 822-B-00-011, XI EPA 822-B-00-012, XII EPA 822-B-00-013, XIII EPA 822-B-00-014, XIV EPA 822-B-01-011; Rivers and Streams in Nutrient Ecoregion: I EPA 822-B-01-012, II EPA 822-B-00-015, III EPA 822-B-00-016, IV EPA 822-B-01- 013, V EPA 822-B-01-014, VI EPA 822-B-00-017, VII EPA 822-B-00-018, VIII EPA 822-B-01-015, IX EPA 822-B-00-019, X EPA 822-B-01-016, XI EPA 822-B-00-020, XII EPA 822-B-00-021, XIV EPA 822-B-00-022; and Wetlands in Nutrient Ecoregion XIII EPA 822-B-00-023. Q EPA announced the availability of a draft updated tributyltin (TBT) document on August 7, 1997 (62FR42554). The Agency has reevaluated this document and anticipates releasing an updated document for public comment in the near future. 17 ------- NATIONAL RECOMMENDED WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR ORGANOLEPTIC EFFECTS Pollutant Acenaphthene Monochlorobenzene 3-Chlorophenol 4-Chlorophenol ^^^m 1,3 -Dichlorophenol 2,5-Dichlorophenol 2,6-Dichlorophenol 3,4-Dichlorophenol 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol 2,4,6-Trichloropehnol 2,3,4,6-Tetrachlorophenol 2-Methyl-4-Chlorophenol CAS Number Organoleptic Effect Criteria (S/L) FR Cite/Source 13 14 15 i: 18 3 -Methyl-4-Chlorophenol 3 -Methyl-6-Chlorophenol 2-Chlorophenol Copper 2,4-Dichloropheno 2,4-Dimethylpehnol 83329 108907 Gold Book Gold Book dBook Gold Book Gold Book Gold Book Gold Book Gold Book Gold Book Gold Book Gold Book Gold Book Gold Book Gold Book Gold Book old Book Gold Book 18 ------- NATIONAL RECOMMENDED WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR ORGANOLEPTIC EFFECTS Pollutant 19 20 Hexachlorocyclopentadiene Nitrobenzene I 21 Pentachlorophenol 22 Phenol 23 Zinc CAS Number 77474 Organoleptic Effect Criteria (S/L) 1 98953 87865 108952 7440666 30 300 FR Cite/Source Gold Book Gold Book Gold Book Gold Book 45 FR79341 General notes: 1. These criteria are based on organoleptic (taste and odor) effects. Because of variations in chemical nomenclature systems, this listing of pollutants does not duplicate the listing in Appendix A of 40 CFR Part 423. Also listed are the Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) registry numbers, which provide a unique identification for each chemical. 19 ------- NATIONAL RECOMMENDED WATER QUALITY CRITERIA Additional Notes: 1. Criteria Maximum Concentration and Criterion Continuous Concentration The Criteria Maximum Concentration (CMC) is an estimate of the highest concentration of a material in surface water to which an aquatic community can be exposed briefly without resulting in an unacceptable effect. The Criterion Continuous Concentration (CCC) is an estimate of the highest concentration of a material in surface water to which an aquatic community can be exposed indefinitely without resulting in an unacceptable effect. The CMC and CCC are just two of the six parts of an aquatic life criterion; the other four parts are the acute averaging period, chronic averaging period, acute frequency of allowed exceedence, and chronic frequency of allowed exceedence. Because 304(a) aquatic life criteria are national guidance, they are intended to be protective of the vast majority of the aquatic communities in the United States. 2. Criteria Recommendations for Priority Pollutants, Non Priority Pollutants and Organoleptic Effects This compilation lists all priority toxic pollutants and some non priority toxic pollutants, and both human health effect and organoleptic effect criteria issued pursuant to CWA §304(a). Blank spaces indicate that EPA has no CWA §304(a) criteria recommendations. For a number of non-priority toxic pollutants not listed, CWA §304(a) "water + organism" human health criteria are not available, but EPA has published MCLs under the SDWA that may be used in establishing water quality standards to protect water supply designated uses. Because of variations in chemical nomenclature systems, this listing of toxic pollutants does not duplicate the listing in Appendix A of 40 CFR Part 423. Also listed are the Chemical Abstracts Service CAS registry numbers, which provide a unique identification for each chemical. 3. Human Health Risk The human health cril moving the decimal point (e.g., for a risk level of 10"3, move the decimal point in the recommended criterion one place to the right). The human health criteria for the priority and non priority pollutants are based on carcinogenicity of 10~6 risk. Alternate risk levels may be obtained by 4. Water Quality Criteria published pursuant to Section 304(a) or Section 303(c) of the CWA Many of the values in the compilation were published in the California Toxics Rule. Although such values were published pursuant to Section 303(c) of the CWA, they represent the Agency's most recent calculation of water quality criteria and are thus the Agency's 304(a) criteria. 5. Calculation of Dissolved Metals Criteria The 304(a) criteria for metals, shown as dissolved metals, are calculated in one of two ways. For freshwater metals criteria that are hardness-dependent, the dissolved metal criteria were calculated using a hardness of 100 mg/1 as CaCO3 for illustrative purposes only. Saltwater and freshwater metals' criteria that are not hardness-dependent are calculated by multiplying the total recoverable criteria before rounding by the appropriate conversion factors. The final dissolved metals' criteria in the table are rounded to two significant figures. Information regarding the calculation of hardness dependent conversion factors are included in the footnotes. 6. Maximum Contaminant Levels The compilation includes footnotes for pollutants with Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) more stringent than the recommended water quality criteria in the compilation. MCLs for these pollutants are not included in the compilation, but can be found in the appropriate drinking water regulations (40 CFR 141.11- 16 and 141.60-63), or can be accessed through the Safe Drinking Water Hotline (800-426-4791) or the Internet 20 ------- (http://www.epa.gov/waterscience/drinking/standards/dwstandards.pdf). 7. Organoleptic Effects The compilation contains 304(a) criteria for pollutants with toxicity-based criteria as well as non-toxicity based criteria. The basis for the non-toxicity based criteria are organoleptic effects (e.g., taste and odor) which would make water and edible aquatic life unpalatable but not toxic to humans. The table includes criteria for organoleptic effects for 23 pollutants. Pollutants with organoleptic effect criteria more stringent than the criteria based on toxicity (e.g., included in both the priority and non-priority pollutant tables) are footnoted as such. 8. Gold Book The "Gold Book" is Quality Criteria for Water: 1986. EPA 440/5-86-001. 9. Correction of Chemical Abstract Services Number The Chemical Abstract Services number (CAS) for Bis(2-Chlorisoprpyl) Ether, has been revised in IRIS and in the table. The correct CAS number for this chemical is 108-60-1. The previous CAS number for this pollutant was 39638-32-9. 10. Contaminants with Blanks EPA has not calculated criteria for contaminants with blanks. However, permit authorities should address these contaminants in NPDES permit actions using the States' existing narrative criteria for toxics. 11. Specific Chemical Calculations A. Selenium Aquatic Life This compilation contains aquatic life criteria for selenium that are the same as those published in the proposed CTR. In the CTR, EPA proposed an acute criterion for selenium based on the criterion proposed for selenium in the Water Quality Guidance for the Great Lakes System (61 FR 58444). The GLI and CTR proposals take into account data showing that selenium's two prevalent oxidation states in water, selenite and selenate, present differing potentials for aquatic toxicity, as well as new data indicating that various forms of selenium are additive. The new approach produces a different selenium acute criterion concentration, or CMC, depending upon the relative proportions of selenite, selenate, and other forms of selenium that are present. EPA is currently undertaking a reassessment of selenium, and expects the 304(a) criteria for selenium will be revised based on the final reassessment (63FR26186). However, until such time as revised water quality criteria for selenium are published by the Agency, the recommended water quality criteria in this compilation are EPA's current 304(a) criteria. 21 ------- Appendices Appendix A - Conversion Factors for Dissolved Metals Arsenic Cadmium Chromium III Chromium VI Copper Lead Conversion Factor freshwater CMC 1.000 1.136672-[(ln hardness)(0.041838)] 0.316 0.982 0.960 1.46203-[(ln hardness₯0.145712)1 Conversion Factor freshwater CCC 1.000 1.101672-[(ln hardness)(0.041838)] Conversion Factor saltwater CMC 1.000 0.994 0.860 0.960 1.46203-[(ln hardness₯0.145712)1 3.993 0.83 0.951 Conversion Factor saltwater CCC1 1.000 0.994 0.993 0.83 3.951 Mercury Nickel Selenium Silver Zinc 0.85 0.85 0.990 0.998 0.85 0.946 0.85 0.990 0.998 22 ------- Appendix B - Parameters for Calculating Freshwater Dissolved Metals Criteria That Are Hardness-Dependent Cadmium -4.719 1.136672-[(ln hardness)(0.041838)] 0.316 ccc 1.101672-[(ln hardness)(0.041838)] 0.860 0.960 0.960 1.273 -4.705 1.46203-[(ln hardness)(0.145712)] 1.46203-[(ln hardness)(0.145712)] Nickel Silver Zinc 0.8460 1.72 0.8473 2.255 -6.59 0.884 0.8460 0.0584 0.998 0.997 0.8473 0.884 0.85 0.978 0.986 Hardness-dependant metals' criteria may be calculated from the following: CMC (dissolved) = exp{mA [ln(hardness)]+ bA} (CF) CCC (dissolved) = exp{nic [ln(hardness)]+ bc} (CF) Appendix C - Calculation of Freshwater Ammonia Criterion 1. The one-hour average concentration of total ammonia nitrogen (in mg N/L) does not exceed, more than once every three years on the average, the CMC (acute criterion) calculated using the following equations. Where salmonid fish are present: 0.275 39.0 CMC = 23 ------- 1 + 1()7-204-PH 1 + Or where salmonid fish are not present: 0.411 58.4 CMC = .................... + 2A. The thirty-day average concentration of total ammonia nitrogen (in mg N/L) does not exceed, more than once every three years on the average, the CCC (chronic criterion) calculated using the following equations. When fish early life stages are present: 0.0577 2.487 CCC = ~ .................... + ........................ - MIN (2.85, 1.45 iO°-028<(25-T)) I _|_ JQ7.688-pH j + jQpH-7.688 When fish early life stages are absent: 0.0577 2.487 CCC = ~ .................... + ........................ - 1.45 ^o°'028'(25"MAX(T'7)) I _|_ JQ7.688-PH j + jQpH-7.688 2B. In addition, the highest four-day average within the 30-day period should not exceed 2.5 times the CCC. 24 ------- |