EPA
WaterSense
                            Questions   &  Answers
          About the  WaterSense®  Program
Why does the United States need
a water-efficiency program?

Water is a finite resource. Between 70 and 75
percent of the Earth's surface is covered with water,
but only 1 percent of that is available for human
use. While both world population and the demand
for freshwater resources are increasing, supply
remains constant. Water efficiency helps preserve
our water supply for future generations.

Is water supply an issue
everywhere in the United States?

There are many markets in the United States that
already face water shortages, and the number of
markets facing this issue has been growing. A U.S.
Government Accountability Office survey of water
managers across the country showed that at least
36 states were anticipating local, regional, or
statewide water shortages by 2013, even under
non-drought conditions.

How can water efficiency help
local communities?

Water supply infrastructure is a major cost for most
local  markets across the United States. A U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) report esti-
mates that wastewater utilities will need to invest
$202.5 billion over the next 20 years to update
their  infrastructure; drinking water utilities will also
need an estimated $276.8 billion by 2023. Water
efficiency is  a cost-effective way that local commu-
nities can help manage their infrastructure needs.
                                               Which regions have the largest
                                               water supply challenges?

                                               Water use varies greatly depending on geographic
                                               location and season, largely as a result of differ-
                                               ences in climate. For instance, water use tends to
                                               be higher in the West and Southwest than in the
                                               East or Midwest. However, water and wastewater
                                               infrastructure systems across the country are being
                                               challenged  by population growth and aging com-
                                               ponents. Droughts that plagued the Southeast in
                                               2007 demonstrate the need for saving water. Water
                                               efficiency can lessen the stress on these systems
                                               and extend  their useful life. Further complicating
                                               the issue of water supply and availability is the fact
                                               that population growth is greatest in states that
                                               have more limited water resources.

                                               Why  did EPA create WaterSense?

                                               EPA realized that managing water supplies was
                                               becoming an increasingly important issue to all
                                               local markets around the country. Through this
                                               national program, local water utilities, product
                                               manufacturers, and retailers work with EPA to
                                               promote water-efficient products and practices
                                               among  consumer and commercial audiences.

                                               What is  the  goal  of WaterSense?

                                               EPA created WaterSense to provide consumers
                                               with a simple way to identify water-efficient
                                               products and services. The WaterSense label helps
                                               customers differentiate between products in the
                                               marketplace, while ensuring product performance
                                               and encouraging innovation in manufacturing.

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     How will EPA ensure that these
     products work as well as  conven-
     tional  models?

     Performance criteria are a critical component to
     each WaterSense product specification developed.
     To earn the WaterSense label, products must
     undergo independent testing and certification by
     third-party laboratories to ensure they meet EPA
     performance and efficiency criteria.

     What  products are included in  the
     WaterSense program?

     WaterSense labels toilets, faucets, and faucet
     accessories that use less water but perform as well or
     better than standard models. EPA plans to research
     several options to expand product areas in the future,
     including additional indoor and outdoor home
     products, as well as commercial products.

     How are water-efficient products
     labeled/recognized?

     The WaterSense label differentiates
     products that meet EPA's criteria
     for efficiency and performance.
     This label appears on product
     packaging, on in-store displays,
     and in manufacturer literature and
     Web sites. Shoppers can also visit
      to see a  registry of
     labeled products.

     How are specifications for
     products being determined?

     For each  product under consideration, EPA
     conducts extensive research to analyze potential
     specifications. Draft efficiency and performance
criteria are developed for the specification as an
open process, and EPA solicits input from stake-
holders to ensure that the most appropriate crite-
ria are selected for each product category before
finalizing the specification.

What  other benefits do WaterSense
labeled products provide?

It takes a lot of energy to pump, treat, and supply
water to your home. Using water efficiently not
only saves energy, but reduces the greenhouse gas
emissions associated with electricity generation. If
just 10 percent of American homes remodeled
with WaterSense labeled fixtures, we could save
electricity and reduce emissions equal to removing
34,000 cars from the road for a year.

How is EPA coordinating with
local water  utilities?

Hundreds of water utilities have partnered with EPA to
promote WaterSense and encourage consumers to
look for the label. Many utilities already have efforts in
place to increase the water efficiency of residential
and commercial irrigation systems. Utilities are
encouraged to partner with WaterSense and use the
program as part of their local water-efficiency and
conservation efforts.

What  more can we do  to save
water for future  generations?

You can reduce your water use by as much as 30
gallons per day by taking a few simple steps. EPA
conducts a number of activities to encourage con-
sumers and organizations to use less water.
Information on how to use water efficiently is post-
ed on our Web site, ,
where you can also sign up for the WaterSense
Current e-newsletter.
                     (866) WTR-SENS (987-7367) • www.epa.gov/watersense • watersense@epa.gov
June 2008
                                          &EFA
                                     EPA-832-F-06-009

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