\

PERFORM;
REPORT


Supplement
February 2009
"Updated to include 2006 TRI data
 -• •
•x!
    EPA
 United States
 Environmental Protection
 Agency

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    Introduction
 i   Cement Manufacturing
7   Chemical Manufacturing
11  Food & Beverage Manufacturing
17  Forest Products
21  Iron & Steel
25  Metal Casting
29  Oil & Gas, Petroleum Refineries
35  Paint & Coatings
39  Shipbuilding & Ship Repair
43  Appendix: Endnotes

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Welcome to U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency's (EPA) February 2009 Supplement
to the 2008 Sector Performance Report. To
provide readers with the most recent
environmental performance information on
the sectors we cover, we plan to periodically
publish updated Supplements to our Report
as new data become available. This first
Supplement provides updated Toxics Release
Inventory (TRI) data from 2006. As this
Supplement is a companion to the 2008 Sector
Performance Report, rather than a stand-alone
report, the data and text presented in the
Report are not repeated in this document.
Instead, we refer the reader to the 2008 Sector
Performance Report
(www.epa.gov/sectors/performance.html) for
important information on background, context,
and methods.
INTRODUCTION
              LATEST  ENVIRONMENTAL  STATISTICS1
             	for sectors presented in this Supplement	
             Releases of Chemicals Reported to 2006 TRI:   1.3 billion Ibs
                   Air Emissions (TRI)
                   Water Discharges (TRI)
                   Waste Disposals (TRI)
    480.5 million Ibs

    158.2 million Ibs

    683.3 million Ibs
             Recycling, Energy Recovery, or Treatment
             Reported to 2006 TRI:
         14.7 billion Ibs
                    The data discussed in this Supplement are drawn from
                    U.S. EPA's 2006 Toxics Release Inventory (TRI). See the
                    Data Guide and the Data Sources, Methodologies, and
                    Considerations chapter in the 2008 Sector Performance
                    Report (www.epa.gov/sectors/performance.html) for
                    important information and qualifications about how
                    data are generated, synthesized, and presented.
   Introduction
                       February 2009 SUPPLEMENT

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2006  TRI
Overview
This Supplement presents updated data for
the sectors we cover that report to EPA's
Toxics Release Inventory (TRI). Updated
data were obtained from the 2006 TRI Public
Data Release. Please refer to the Data Guide
and the Data Sources, Methodologies, and
Considerations sections of the 2008 Sector
Performance Repori for important information
and qualifications about how these data are
generated, synthesized and presented.


Air Emissions
Reported to  TRI
In 2006, the 9 of our 12 sectors that report to
TRI reported emitting 480.5 million Ibs. of
TRI chemicals, out of 1.4 billion Ibs. emitted
by all TRI reporters nationwide. For all but
two sectors, absolute emissions of hazardous
air pollutants (HAPs) accounted for 50% or
more of the total air emissions. From 1997 to
2006, normalized total air emissions and
normalized HAP emissions declined for all
sectors. See individual sector  chapters for
sector-specific data. The pie chart below
presents the relative TRI air emissions for the
Sector Strategies sectors (sectors accounting
for 1% or less have not been included).
 TRI Air Emissions 2006
       U.S. Total
                            Cement
                       Oil & Gas Manufacturing
                          9% 2%
                                   Chemical
                                   Manufacturing
                                   39%
                           Food & Beverage
                           Manufacturing
                           10%
  Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Waste  Management
Reported  to TRI
In 2006, the nine sectors reported managing 16
billion absolute Ibs. of TRI chemicals as waste.
The pie chart below presents the relative
quantities of TRI waste managed by the Sector
Strategies sectors (sectors accounting for 1% or
less have not been included). When
normalized (by annual sector shipments,
revenue, or production), total waste managed
declined 20% between 1997 and 2006. In 2006,
8% of the TRI-reported waste by these nine
sectors was disposed or released, 37% was
treated, 33% was recycled, and 22% was
recovered for energy.
 TRI Waste Management 2006
       U.S. Total
                                  Food & Beverage
                                  Manufacturing
                                  5%
                                  Forest Products
                                  10%
                        Cement Oil & Gas
                     Manufacturing 8%
                          7%
 Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
   Introduction
                         February 2009 SUPPLEMENT

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       CEMENT MANUFACTURING
                   AT  A GLANCE  1997-20061
                      115
                          13,800
  facilities
                       0% employees
13,800  72.7 million
• 0%  metric tons
      of clinken
     production
                                                                      88.6 million
                                                                      * 22%
          LATEST ENVIRONMENTAL  STATISTICS2

       Releases of Chemicals Reported to 2006 TRI: 10.9 million Ibs
                 Air Emissions:  8.8 million Ibs
                 Water Discharges:  3,100 Ibs
                 Waste Disposals: 2.1 million Ibs
       Recycling,  Energy Recovery, or Treatment: 1.1 billion Ibs
            The data discussed in this Supplement are drawn from U.S. EPA's 2006 Toxics
            Release Inventory (TRI). See the Data Guide and  the Data Sources,
            Methodologies, and Considerations chapter in the 2008 Sector Performance
            Report for important information and qualifications about how data are
            generated, synthesized, and presented. The 2008 Sector Performance Report is
            available at: htty:/'/'www.eva.sov/sectors/verformance.html.
3 Cement Manufacturing
          February 2009 SUPPLEMENT

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Air  Emissions


Air Emissions
Reported  to TRI
In 2006,108 facilities in the sector reported 8.8
million absolute Ibs. of air emissions to EPA's
TRI. The absolute pounds emitted annually
presented no overall change from 1997, as
show in Figure 2a, but when normalized by
annual clinker production, the sector's TRI air
emissions decreased by 18% over the same
period, as shown in Figure 2b. The decrease
from 2005 to 2006 is due to a decline in the
quantity of several chemicals emitted to air by
the sector, including ethylene, propylene,
benzene, ammonia, and sulfuric acid.

Summing the Toxicity Scores for all of the air
emissions reported to TRI by the sector
produces the trend illustrated in Figure 2c. The
sector's Toxicity Scores fluctuated from 1997 to
2006, with an  overall increase of 8% when
normalized by clinker production. Important
methodological considerations regarding
Toxicity Scores are discussed in the 2008 Sector
Performance Report's Data Guide, which
explains the underlying assumptions and
limitations of  Toxicity Scores.

In absolute pounds, HAPs accounted for 57%
of the sector's air emissions reported to TRI in
2006, and 48% of the overall Toxicity Score.

Table 1 presents the sector's top TRI-reported
air emissions based on three indicators.
TABLE 1
Top TRI Air Emissions 2006
Chemical
Ammonia
Benzene 4
Chlorine
Chromium
Dioxin and Dioxin-Like
Compounds
Ethylene
Hydrochloric Acid
Lead
Manganese
Mercury
Sulforic Acid
Percentage of
Sector Total
Absolute
Pounds
Reported1
1,105,0003
425,000
54,000
6,000
<1
984,000
4,113,000
21,000
25,000
11,000
1,305,000
91 %6
Percentage
of Toxicity
Score
<1%
1%
10%
1%5
<1%
<1%
8%
4%
19%
1%
51%
96%7
Number of
Facilities
Reporting2
17
15
1
55
76
1
39
106
33
101
11
100%8
Notes:
1. Total reported sector air releases: 8.8 million Ibs.
2. 108 total TRI reporters in the sector.
3. Red indicates that the chemical was one of the top five chemicals reported in the given category.
4. Italics indicate a hazardous air pollutant under section 112 of Clean Air Act.
5. Based on chromium speciation data for this sector fiom EPA's National Emissions Inventory,
chromium Toxicity Scores were adjusted to assume that 8% was hexavalent and 92% was tiivalent
6. Chemicals in this list represent 91% of the sector's air emissions.
7. Chemicals in this list represent 96% of the sector's Toxicity Score.
8. 100% of facilities reported emitting one of more chemicals in this list.

Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
4  Cement Manufacturing
                  February 2009 SUPPLEMENT

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                FIGURE 2
                Air Emissions Reported to TRI 1997-2006
                           All TRI Chemicals, including HAPs
                           All TRI HAPs
                 a. Absolute  Ibs
                   8.8 M
                                                                                      8.8 M
                                                                                      5.1 M
                      1997   1998    1999   2000   2001   2002   2003   2004   2005   2006
                 b. Normalized Ibs
                  8.8 M
                                                                                      7.2 M
                                                                                         18%
                    IM
                       1997   1998   1999   2000   2001    2002   2003   2004    2005   2006
                 c. Normalized Toxicity Score Trend
                  1.00
                  0.50
                                                                                       1.08
        0.52
                     1997    1998    1999    2000    2001    2002    2003    2004   2005   2006
               Note:
               Normalized by annual clinker production.
               Sources: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, U.S. Geological Survey
5   Cement Manufacturing
February 2009 SUPPLEMENT

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Waste  Generation

and  Management


Waste  Management
Reported to TRI
In 2006, the Cement Manufacturing sector
reported managing 1.1 billion absolute Ibs. of
TRI chemicals as waste. As shown by the trend
in Figure 4, when normalized by annual
clinker production, the quantity of waste
managed decreased by 36% from 1997 until
2005, followed by a 150% increase from 2005 to
2006. The increase was primarily driven by an
increase in the reported quantity of ethylene
glycol recovered by a single facility. The
facility reported ethylene glycol recovery
averaging 3.2 million Ibs. from 2003 to 2005,
and 729.9 million Ibs. (accounting for 68% of
the sectors overall waste managed) in 2006. For
all of the years presented, energy recovery was
          the predominant method used by this sector
          for managing TRI chemicals.


          In 2006, the sector reported disposing 2.1
          million Ibs. of TRI chemicals to land or
          transferring the chemicals to offsite locations
          for disposal. As shown in Table 3, metals
          dominated the sector's TRI disposals.

            TABLE 3
            Top TRI Disposals 2006
Chemical
Barium
Chromium
Lead
Manganese
Mercury
Zinc
Percentage of
Sector Total
Absolute
Pounds
Reported1
174, 1003
84,200
558,100
731,200
1,100
324,100
91%'
Number of
Facilities
Reporting2
11
25
46
17
39
15
45%5
            Notes:
            1. Total reported sector disposals: 2.1 million Ibs.
            2. 108 total TRI reporters in the sector.
            3. Red indicates that the chemical was one of the top five chemicals reported in the given
            category.
            4. Chemicals in this list represent 91% of the sector's disposals.
            5. 45% of facilities reported emitting one of more chemicals in this list.

            Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
       FIGURE 4
       TRI Waste Management 1997-2006
         900,000,000
       „  600,000,000
      s
         300,000,000
                 1997 total: 550.4 million Ibs
I Disposal or Other Releases  v24%
I Treatment v 85%
Energy Recovery A. 65%
I Recycling A. 181%
2006 total: 885.6 million Ibs
          A. 61%
                  1997
                        1998
                              1999
                                    2000
                                           2001
                                                 2002
                                                       2003
                                                             2004
                                                                    2005
                                                                          2006
         Notes:
         1. Normalized by annual clinker production.
         2. Disposal or other releases include air releases, water discharges, and land disposals.

         Sources: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, U.S. Geological Survey
6  Cement Manufacturing
                              February 2009 SUPPLEMENT

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                                                                                            Ill
                        AT  A GLANCE  1997-20061
    12,386
    facilitie
                                                                                      $658 billion
                                                                                      A 66%
 832,546,
employees
      $396 billion
805,064    value of
 • 3%   shipments!
    Note:
    U.S. DOC has revised the sector's 2005 VOS from $555 billion (as presented in the 2008 SPR)to $611billion.

             LATEST ENVIRONMENTAL  STATISTICS

           Releases of Chemicals Reported to 2006  TRI:  519.2 million Ibs
                      IAir Emissions:  187 million Ibs
                      Water Discharges:  37.5 million Ibs
                      Waste  Disposals:  294.8 million Ibs
           Recycling,  Energy Recovery,  or Treatment: 9.8 billion  Ibs
                The data discussed in this Supplement are drawn from U.S. EPA's 2006 Toxics
                Release Inventory  (TRI).  See  the Data Guide  and  the Data  Sources,
                Methodologies, and Considerations chapter in the 2008 Sector Performance
                Report for important information and qualifications about how  data are
                generated, synthesized, and presented. The 2008 Sector Performance Report is
                available at: http://www.epa.gov/sectors/performance.html.
7   Chemical Manufacturing
                                   February 2009 SUPPLEMENT

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Air  Emissions


Air Emissions
Reported to  TRI
In 2006, 3,192 facilities in the Chemical
Manufacturing sector reported 187 million
absolute Ibs. of air emissions. Between 1997
and 2006, absolute TRI-reported air emissions
declined by 49%, as shown in Figure 2a. When
normalized by the sector's value of shipments
(VOS) over the period, air emissions decreased
62%, as seen in Figure 2b. Summing the
Toxicity Scores for all of the air emissions
reported to TRI by the sector produces the
trend illustrated in Figure 2c. The sector's
normalized Toxicity Score decreased by 52%
from 1997 to 2006.

In absolute pounds, HAPs accounted for 50%
of the sector's air emissions reported to TRI in
2006, and 71% of the overall Toxicity Score.
Trends in emissions of HAPs, based on pounds
and on the Toxicity Scores, showed very
similar declines to the trends in air emissions
for all TRI chemicals.  Important
methodological considerations regarding
Toxicity Scores are discussed in the 2008 Sector
Performance Report's Data Guide, which
explains the underlying assumptions and
limitations of Toxicity Scores.

Table 1 presents the sector's top TRI-reported
chemicals emitted to air by the sector based on
three indicators.
TABLE 1
Top TRI Air Emissions 2006


Chemical
Acrolein
Ammonia
Carbonyl Sulfide
Certain Glycol Ethers
Chlorine
Diisocyanates
Ethylene
Manganese
Methanol
Propylene
Isulfiiric Acid
Toluene
Xylene
Percentage of
Sector Total
Absolute
Pounds
Reported1
49,000
46,870,000
13,335,000
634,000
1,125,000
14,000
16,424,000
116,000
16,834,000
8,287,000
4,039,000
6,131,000
2,685,000
62%6
Percentage
of Toxicity
Score
9%4
2%
4%
<1%
21%

<1%
9%
<1%
<1%
15%
<1%
<1%
65%7
Number of
Facilities
Reporting2
36

34
424
271
83
138
78
770
114
109
663

62%8
Notes:
1. Total reported sector air releases: 187.0 million Ibs.
2. 3,192 total TRI reporters in the sector.
3. Italics indicate a hazardous air pollutant under section 112 of Clean Air Act.
4. Red indicates that the chemical was one of the top five chemicals reported in the given category
5. Calculation of Toxicity Score for diisocyanates conservatively assumed that all diisocyanates
emissions were hexamethylene-l,6-diisocyanates. Other diisocyanates chemicals with lower
toxicity scores may constitute the majority of reported diisocyanates emissions from the sector.
Thus, RSEI analyses may overestimate the relative harmfulness of diisocyanates emissions.
6. Chemicals in this list represent 62% of the sector's air emissions.
7. Chemicals in this list represent 65% of the sector's Toxicity Score.
8. 62% of facilities reported emitting one of more chemicals in this list.
Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

   Chemical Manufacturing
                    February 2009 SUPPLEMENT

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           FIGURE 2
           Air Emissions Reported to TRI 1997-2006
                        All TRI Chemicals, including HAPs
                        All TRI HAPs
            a. Absolute  IDS

             365.4 M
                  1997   1998    1999   2000    2001   2002   2003   2004   2005   2006
            b.  Normalized IDS
                   1997   1998   1999   2000   2001    2002   2003    2004   2005   2006
             c. Normalized Toxicity Score Trend

                1.00
                                                                         B	B  0.34
                   1997   1998   1999   2000    2001   2002   2003    2004   2005   2006
           Note:
           Normalized by annual value of shipments.
           Sources: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, U.S. Department of Commerce
Chemical Manufacturing
February 2009 SUPPLEMENT

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 Waste  Generation

 and  Management


 Waste  Management
 Reported to TRI
 In 2006, chemical manufacturers reported
 managing 10.4 billion absolute Ibs. of TRI
 chemicals as waste. When normalized by the
 sector's VOS, this was 34% less than 1997.
 Figure 3 shows how the sector managed this
 waste. In 2006, 5% of the TRI-reported waste
 was released or disposed. Most of the waste
 disposed in 2006 went to underground
 injection wells. In the same year, 15% was
 recovered for energy use, 38% was treated, and
 42% was recycled. When normalized by VOS
 between 1997 and 2006, the quantity of waste
 managed by each individual method (e.g.,
 treated, disposed) decreased.

 For the overall sector, manganese and nitrate
 compounds were disposed in the greatest
       FIGURE 3
       TRI Waste Management 1997-2006
      quantities and accounted for one-third of
      disposals, while lead and zinc were the most
      frequently reported chemicals disposed, as
      indicated in Table 3.
        TABLE 3
        Top TRI Disposals 2006

Chemical
Acetonitrile
Ammonia
Copper
Lead
Manganese
Methanol
Nitrate Compounds
Zinc
Percentage of
Sector Total
Absolute
Pounds
Reported1
14,625,0003
30,554,000
3,174,000
2,478,000
53,625,000
23,309,000
44,003,000
7,357,000
60%*
Number of
Facilities
Reporting2
21
163
146
402
83
148
94
382
28%5
        Notes:
        1. Total reported sector disposals: 294.8 million Ibs.
        2. 3,192 total TRI reporters in the sector.
        3. Red indicates that the chemical was one of the top five chemicals reported in the given
        category.
        4. Chemicals in this list represent 60% of the sector's c
        5. 28% of facilities reported emitting one of more chemicals in this list.
         6,000,000,000
         4,000,000,000
         2,000,000,000
        Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Disposal or Other Releases ^55%
Treatment T- 29%
Energy Recovery ^38%
Recycling -  33%
                  1997 total: 11.6 billion Ibs
                                                                   2006 total: 7.6 billion Ibs
                                                                            T-34%
                   1997

       Notes:
       1. Normalized by annual value of shipments.
       2. Disposal or other releases include air releases, water discharges, and land disposals.

       Sources: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, U.S. Department of Commerce
10  Chemical Manufacturing
                        February 2009 SUPPLEMENT

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                                  MANUFACTURI
                      AT A GLANCE  1997-20061
    40,348
   facilities
ities-
                        28,938
                        •»• 28%
                       1,685,377
                       employees
     $484 billion
1,592,944 value of
 5%  shipments
            LATEST  ENVIRONMENTAL  STATISTICS2

         Releases of Chemicals Reported to 2006 TRI:  150.1 million Ibs
                    Air Emissions:  47 million Ibs
                    Water Discharges:  77.3  million Ibs
                    Waste Disposals:  25.9 million Ibs
         Recycling,  Energy Recovery, or Treatment: 590.7 million  Ibs
               The data discussed in this Supplement are drawn from U.S. EPA's 2006 Toxics
               Release  Inventory  (TRI). See the Data Guide and  the  Data Sources,
               Methodologies, and Considerations chapter in the 2008 Sector Performance
               Report for  important information and qualifications about how data are
               generated, synthesized, and presented. The 2008 Sector Performance Report is
               available at: htty:/'/'www.eva.sov/sectors/verformance.html.
$621 billion
A 28%
11  Food & Beverage Manufacturing
                                                        February 2009 SUPPLEMENT

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 Air  Emissions


 Air Emissions
 Reported  to  TRI
 In 2006,1,120 facilities in the sector reported 47
 million absolute Ibs. of air emissions. HAPs
 accounted for 70% of these emissions. Between
 1997 and 2006, absolute TRI-reported air
 emissions declined by 39%, as show in Figure
 2a. As shown in Figure 2b, when normalized
 by the value of shipments (VOS), air emissions
 decreased 41%.

 Summing the Toxicity Scores for all of the air
 emissions reported to TRI by the sector
 produces the trend illustrated in Figure 2c. The
 sector's Toxicity Scores increased by 53% from
 1997 to 2006 when normalized by the sector's
 annual VOS. Important methodological
 considerations regarding Toxicity Scores are
 discussed in the 2008 Sector Performance
 Report's Data Guide, which explains the
 underlying assumptions and limitations of
 Toxicity Scores.

 Table 1 presents the top TRI-reported
 chemicals emitted to air by the sector based on
 three indicators.
TABLE 1
Top TRI Air Emissions 2006
Chemical
Acetaldehyde
Acrolein
Ammonia
Hydrochloric Acid
Lead
Methanol
N-Hexane
Polycyclic Aromatic
Compounds
Sulforic Acid
Percentage of
Sector Total
Absolute
Pounds
Reported1
1,716,000
28,000
11,628,000
5,389,000
34,000
2,497,000
21,264,000
35,000
1,730,000
94%5
Percentage
of Toxicity
Score
4%4
30%
2%
6%
3%
<1%
1%
6%
36%
88%6
Number of
Facilities
Reporting2
22
2
357
41
67
47

46
23
46%7
Notes:
1. Total reported sector air releases: 47.0 million Ibs.
2. 1,120 total TRI reporters in the sector.
3. Italics indicate a hazardous air pollutant under section 112 of Clean Air Act.
4. Red indicates that the chemical was one of the top five chemicals reported in the given category.
5. Chemicals in this list represent 94% of the sector's air emissions.
6. Chemicals in this list represent 88% of the sector's Toxicity Score.
7. 46% of facilities reported emitting one of more chemicals in this list.

Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
12   Food & Beverage Manufacturing
                  February 2009 SUPPLEMENT

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                FIGURE 2
                Air Emissions Reported to TRI  1997-2006
                             AN TRI Chemicals, including HAPs
                             All TRI HAPs
                 a. Absolute IDS
                  76.5 M
                        1997   1998   1999   2000   2001   2002   2003   2004   2005   2006
                 b. Normalized Ibs
                   76.5 M
                         1997   1998   1999   2000   2001   2002   2003   2004   2005   2006
                  c. Normalized Toxicity  Score Trend
                        1997   1998    1999   2000   2001    2002   2003   2004    2005   2006
                Note:
                Normalized by annual value of shipments.
                Sources: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, U.S. Department of Commerce
13  Food & Beverage Manufacturing
February 2009 SUPPLEMENT

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Waste  Generation

and   Management


Waste Management
Reported to TRI
In 2006, the Food & Beverage Manufacturing sector
reported managing 740.8 million absolute Ibs. of
TRI chemicals as waste. When normalized by value
of shipments, this quantity represented 10% more
than 1997 quantities.

Figure 3 shows how the sector managed this TRI
waste. In 2006, 45% was recycled, 35% was treated,
20% was disposed or released to air or water, and
less than 1% was recovered for energy use. The
pounds managed under each management activity,
with the exception of energy recovery, increased
over the time period presented. The annual
quantities reported as recycled fluctuated
dramatically between 280 million Ibs. and 850
                   million Ibs. due to reports from a single
                   facility.


                   The quantity of waste that Food & Beverage
                   Manufacturing facilities disposed to land, as
                   reported to TRI, increased from 9.8 million
                   Ibs. in 1997 to 25.9 million Ibs. in 2006. When
                   normalized by the value of annual shipments,
                   this represented a 151% increase. As shown in
                   Table 4, nitrate compounds remained the
                   chemical disposed in the greatest quantity in
                   2006, accounting for over half of overall
                   disposals, and was the chemical most
                   frequently reported as disposed by this sector.
      FIGURE 3
      TRI Waste Management 1997-2006
       900,000,000
       600,000,000
       300,000,000
              1997 total: 643.9 trillion Ibs
          • Disposal or Other Releases
          • Treatment A. 21%
           Energy Recovery  ^33%
          • Recycling *• 1%
                                                   k.12%
ilili
                                           i
i
                                                            2006 total: 705.8 million Ibs
                                                                     A. 10%
i
               1997
                     1998    1999   2000   2001    2002    2003   2004
                                                             2005
                                                                   2006
      Notes:
      1. Normalized by annual value of shipments.
      2. Disposal or other releases include air releases, water discharges, and land disposals.

      Sources: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, U.S. Department of Commerce
   Food & Beverage Manufacturing
                                    February 2009 SUPPLEMENT

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    I  TABLE  4
       Top TRI Disposals 2006
       Chemical
 Absolute
 Pounds
Reported1
Number of
 Facilities
Reporting2
       Ammonia
       Barium
       Lead
       Manganese
       Nitrate Compounds
       Nitric Acid
       Zinc
                 Percentage of
                  Sector Total
 4,653,0003
  1,603,000
    95,000
  1,064,000
 14,700,000
   781,000
   850,000
   92%'
       Notes:
       1. Total reported sector disposals: 25.9 million Ibs.
       2. 1,120 total TRI reporters in the sector.
       3. Red indicates that the chemical was one of the top five chemicals reported in the given
       category.
       4. Chemicals in this list represent 92% of the sector's disposals.
       5. 27% of facilities reported emitting one of more chemicals in this list.
       Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
15   Food & Beverage Manufacturing
                                                                          February 2009 SUPPLEMENT

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16  Food & Beverage Manufacturing                                             February 2009 SUPPLEMENT

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                                                                      -

                        AT A  GLANCE 1997-20061
   28,581 •
  facilities
1,192,929
employees*
                        20,644
                        1 •»• 28%
       $243 billion
 936,819    value of
• T 21%   shipments
             LATEST ENVIRONMENTAL  STATISTICS'

          Releases of Chemicals Reported to 2006 TRI:  233.8 million Ibs
                      Air Emissions:  185.4 million Ibs
                      Water Discharges:  19.1 million Ibs
                      Waste  Disposals:  29.2 million Ibs
          Recycling, Energy Recovery, or Treatment: 1.4 billion Ibs
                The data discussed in this Supplement are drawn from U.S. EPA's 2006 Toxics
                Release Inventory  (TRI).  See the  Data  Guide and the  Data  Sources,
                Methodologies, and Considerations chapter in the 2008 Sector Performance
                Report for  important information  and qualifications about  how  data are
                generated, synthesized, and presented. The 2008 Sector Performance Report is
                available at: http://www.epa.gov/sectors/performance.html.
                               $270 billion
                                 A 11%
17  Forest Products
                                    February 2009 SUPPLEMENT

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Air  Emissions


Air  Emissions
Reported to  TRI
In 2006, 982 facilities in the sector reported
185.4 million absolute Ibs. of air emissions to
EPA's TRI. Between 1997 and 2006, absolute
TRI-reported air emissions declined by 25%, as
show in Figure 2a. When normalized by the
sector's value of shipments (VOS) over the
period, air emissions decreased 17%, as seen in
Figure 2b.

Summing the Toxicity Scores for all of the air
emissions reported to TRI by the sector
produces the trend illustrated in Figure 2c. The
sector's Toxicity Score, when normalized by
VOS, decreased 29% over this period.

In 2006, 86% of the forest product sector's TRI
air emissions were also HAPs and 58% of the
sector's Toxicity Score was attributed to HAPs.
Trends in HAP emissions showed similar
declines to the trends in air emissions for all
TRI chemicals when comparing either pounds
reported or the Toxicity Scores. Important
methodological considerations regarding
Toxicity Scores are discussed in the 2008  Sector
Performance Report's Data Guide, which
explains the underlying assumptions and
limitations of Toxicity Scores.

Table 1 presents the top TRI-reported
chemicals emitted to air by the sector based on
three indicators.
TABLE 1
Top TRI Air Emissions 2006
Chemical
Acetaldehyde
Acrolein
Ammonia
Chlorine Dioxide
Dioxin And Dioxin-
Like Compounds
Formaldehyde
Hydrochloric Acid
Lead
Manganese
Methanol
Polycyclic Aromatic
Compounds
Sulfuric Acid
Percentage of
Sector Total
Absolute
Pounds
Reported1
8,243,0004
52,000
16,850,000
388,000
2
5,891,000
15,717,000
41,000
314,000
116,232,000
81,000
7,170,000
92%5
Percentage
of Toxicity
Score
4%
10%
1%
8%
<1%
8%
3%
1%
25%
<1%
3%
29%
91%6
Number of
Facilities
Reporting2
146
6
165
76
265
207
130
506
147
345
188
94
71%7

Notes:
1. Total reported sector air releases: 185.4 million Ibs.
2. 982 total TRI reporters in the sector.
3. Italics indicate a hazardous air pollutant under section 112 of Clean Air Act.
4. Red indicates that the chemical was one of the top five chemicals reported in the given category.
5. Chemicals in this list represent 92% of the sector's air emissions.
6. Chemicals in this list represent 91% of the sector's Toxicity Score.
7. 71% of facilities reported emitting one of more chemicals in this list.

Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
   Forest Products
                    February 2009 SUPPLEMENT

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                FIGURE 2

                Air Emissions Reported to TRI  1997-2006

                           • All TRI Chemicals, including HAPs
                             All TRI HAPs
                                                                                       185.4M

                                                                                       159.1 M
                  a. Absolute IDS
                        1997   1998   1999   2000   2001   2002    2003   2004    2005   2006
                  b. Normalized Ibs
                         1997   1998   1999   2000   2001   2002   2003   2004   2005   2006
                   c. Normalized Toxicity Score Trend
                         1997    1998   1999   2000   2001    2002    2003   2004   2005   2006
                 Note:
                 Normalized by annual value of shipments.
                 Sources: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, U.S. Department of Commerce
19  Forest Products
February 2009 SUPPLEMENT

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 Waste  Generation

 and  Management


 Waste  Management
 Reported to  TRI
 In 2006, the Forest Products sector reported
 managing 1.7 billion absolute Ibs. of TRI
 chemicals as waste. As shown in Figure 3, when
 normalized by VOS, the quantity of waste
 managed by the sector remained relatively
 steady between 1997 and 2006. In 2006,14% of
 the TRI-reported waste was disposed or
 released, 70% was treated, 12% was recovered
 for energy, and 4% was recycled.

 In 2006, the sector reported disposing 29.2
 million Ibs. of TRI chemicals to land or
 transferring the chemicals to offsite locations for
 disposal. As shown in Table 4, manganese
 accounted for almost half of the total pounds
 disposed by the sector as waste, with lead being

          FIGURE  3
          TRI Waste Management 1997-2006
       the chemical most frequently reported as
       disposed.
TABLE 4
Top TRI Disposals


Chemical
Barium
Dioxin And Dioxin-Like

Compounds
Lead
Manganese
Mercury
Methanol
Vanadium
Zinc
Percentage of
Sector Total

2006
Absolute
Pounds
Reported1
3,591,0003

2
519,000
13,647,000
12,000
996,000
1,204,000
7,748,000

95%


Number of
Facilities
Reporting2
99

197
137
108
111
41
105
5
46%













         Notes:
         1. Total reported sector disposals: 29.2 million Ibs.
         2. 982 total TRI reporters in the sector.
         3. Red indicates that the chemical was one of the top five chemicals reported in the given
         category.
         4. Chemicals in this list represent 95% of the sector's disposals.
         5. 46% of facilities reported emitting one of more chemicals in this list.
         1,500,000,000
         1,000,000,000
          500,000,000
               0 L
Disposal or Other Releases
Treatment A. 3%
Energy Recovery ^ 11 %
Recycling -w 72%
                   1997
        Notes:
        1. Normalized by annual value of shipments.
        2. Disposal or other releases include air releases, water discharges, and land disposals.

        Sources: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, U.S Department of Commerce
20  Forest Products
                       February 2009 SUPPLEMENT

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                        AT A  GLANCE  1997-20061
      126
   facilities
     146,982
   employees
106
'16%
108,592
V 26%
 98.5 million
metric tons of
 iron & steel'
  produced
                              98.2 million
                              v less than 1 %
             LATEST  ENVIRONMENTAL  STATISTICS2

          Releases of Chemicals Reported to 2006 TRI:  293.1  million Ibs
                      Air Emissions:  4.1  million Ibs
                      Water Discharges:  2.3 million Ibs
                      Waste Disposals:  286.7 million Ibs
          Recycling,  Energy  Recovery, or Treatment: 459.1  million Ibs
                The data discussed in this Supplement are drawn from U.S. EPA's 2006 Toxics
                Release Inventory  (TRI).  See the  Data  Guide and the  Data  Sources,
                Methodologies, and Considerations chapter in the 2008 Sector Performance
                Report for  important information  and qualifications about how  data are
                generated, synthesized, and presented. The 2008 Sector Performance Report is
                available at: http://www.epa.gov/sectors/performance.html

21  Iron & Steel
                                       February 2009 SUPPLEMENT

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  Air   Emissions


  Air  Emissions
  Reported to  TRI
  In 2006, 84 facilities in the sector reported 4.1
  million absolute Ibs. of air emissions to EPA's
  TRI. Between 1997 and 2006, TRI-reported
  absolute and normalized air emissions
  declined by 58%, as show in Figure 2a and 2b,
  with production levels for the sector remaining
  relatively steady.

  Summing the Toxicity Scores for all of the air
  emissions reported to TRI by the sector
  produces the trend illustrated in Figure 2c. The
  sector's total Toxicity Score fluctuated from
  over the years but remained relatively steady
  over the decade. The increase in Toxicity Score
  in 2006 can be attributed to a single facility that
  reported an average of 4,400 pounds of
  manganese releases to air between 1997 and
  2001, followed by no reported releases until
  2006, when it reported manganese air
  emissions of 116,000 pounds. Important
  methodological considerations regarding
  Toxicity Scores are discussed in the 2008 Sector
  Performance Report's Data Guide, which
  explains the underlying assumptions and
  limitations of Toxicity Scores.

  HAPs accounted for 34% of the sector's
  absolute air emissions reported to TRI in 2006,
  and almost all the sector's Toxicity Score. The
  sector's trend for HAP emissions is similar to
  the trend for all TRI air emissions, as shown in
  Figure 2a.

  Table 1 presents the top TRI-reported
  chemicals emitted to air by the sector based on
  three indicators.
TABLE 1
Top TRI Air Emissions 2006

Chemical
Ammonia
Benzene 4
Cadmium
Chromium
Hydrochloric Acid
Lead
Manganese
Mercury
Nickel
Sulforic Acid
Zinc
Percentage of
Sector Total
Absolute
Pounds
Reported1
670,0003
138,000
1,000
23,000
297,000
108,000
482,000
6,000
23,000
55,000
1,857,000
88%6
Percentage
of Toxicity
Score
<1%
<1%
1%
<1%5
<1%
5%
90%
<1%

1%
<1%
99%7
Number of
Facilities
Reporting2
12
6
15
74
17
82
82
67
67
4

100%8
Notes:
1. Total reported sector air releases: 4.1 million Ibs.
2. 84 total TRI reporters in the sector.
3. Red indicates that the chemical was one of the top five chemicals reported in the given category.
4. Italics indicate a hazardous air pollutant under section 112 of Clean Air Act.
5. Based on chromium speciation data for this sector from EPA's National Emissions Inventory,
chromium Toxicity Scores were adjusted to assume that 3% was hexavalent and 97% was trivalent.
6. Chemicals in this list represent 88% of the sector's air emissions.
7. Chemicals in this list represent 99% of the sector's Toxicity Score.
8. 100% of facilities reported emitting one of more chemicals in this list.

Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
22  Iron & Steel
                   February 2009 SUPPLEMENT

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               FIGURE  2

               Air Emissions Reported to TRI  1997-2006

                         • All TRI Chemicals, including HAPs
                           All TRI HAPs

               a. Absolute Ibs
                9.8 M
              1/1
              -  3.9 M
                                                               4.1 M
                                                                                   -•  1.4M
                      1997   1998    1999   2000   2001   2002   2003   2004   2005   2006
                b. Normalized Ibs

                  9.8 M
                  3.9 M
             Illlllll
1997    1998   1999   2000   2001    2002   2003   2004   2005   2006
                c. Normalized Toxicity Score Trend
                       1997    1998   1999   2000   2001    2002   2003   2004   2005    2006


               Note:
               Normalized by annual production of iron and steel.

               Sources: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, U.S. Geological Survey
23  Forest Products
                                                          February 2009 SUPPLEMENT

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 Waste  Generation

 and  Management


 Waste Management
 Reported to TRI
 In 2006, the Iron & Steel sector reported
 managing 752.2 million absolute Ibs. of TRI
 chemicals as waste. When normalized by
 production, this represented a 45% increase since
 1997. Figure 3 shows how the sector managed
 these chemicals. In 2006, 39% of the TRI-reported
 waste was disposed or released, 49% was
 recycled, 9% was recovered for energy, and 3%
 was treated.

 In 2006, the sector reported disposing 286.7
 million Ibs. of TRI chemicals to land or
 transferring the chemicals to offsite locations for
 disposal. As shown in Table 3, zinc accounted
 for three-quarters of the total pounds disposed
        by the sector. Lead and manganese were
        the chemicals most frequently reported as
        disposed.
         TABLE 3
         Top TRI Disposals 2006
Chemical
Chromium
Copper
Lead
Manganese
Nickel
Zinc
Percentage of
Sector Total
Absolute
Pounds
Reported1
4,873,0003
2,533,000
10,918,000
48,781,000
814,000
214,247,000
98%''
Number of
Facilities
Reporting2
65
55




86%5








         Notes:
         1. Total reported sector disposals: 286.7 million Ibs.
         2. 84 total TRI reporters in the sector.
         3. Red indicates that the chemical was one of the top five chemicals reported in the given
         category.
         4. Chemicals in this list represent 98% of the sector's disposals.
         5. 86% of facilities reported emitting one of more chemicals in this list.

         Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
        FIGURE 3
        TRI Waste Management 1997-2006
         450,000,000
         300,000,000
         150,000,000
                 1997 total: 518.9 million Ibs
                  1997    1998    1999   2000   2001    2002

       Notes:
       1. Normalized by annual production of iron and steel.
       2. Disposal or other releases include air releases, water discharges, and land disposals.

       Sources: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, U.S. Geological Survey
Disposal or Other Releases A. 30%
Treatment "V 16%
Energy Recovery ^323%
Recyclings. 47%
24  Iron & Steel
                         February 2009 SUPPLEMENT

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           *

                                              'i
                                                     K;


                                            ETAL  CASTIN
                      AT A GLANCE  1997-20061
   2,832 •
  facilities
     224,717 L
 2,207 employees
' •»• 22%
       14.4 million
     tons of ferrous
     and nonferrous'
, 167,058   shipments
  26%
            LATEST  ENVIRONMENTAL  STATISTICS

         Releases of Chemicals Reported to 2006 TRI:  40.1 million Ibs
                   Air Emissions:  3.2 million Ibs
                   Water Discharges: 68,000 Ibs
                   Waste Disposals: 36.8 million Ibs
         Recycling, Energy Recovery, or Treatment: 126.3 million Ibs
              The data discussed in this Supplement are drawn from U.S. EPA's 2006 Toxics
              Release Inventory  (TRI). See the Data  Guide and the Data  Sources,
              Methodologies, and Considerations chapter in the 2008 Sector Performance
              Report for important  information and qualifications about how  data are
              generated, synthesized, and presented. The 2008 Sector Performance Report is
              available at: htty.l lwww.eva.sovlsectorslverformance.html.
25  Metal Casting
                                     February 2009 SUPPLEMENT

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  Air  Emissions


  Air  Emissions
  Reported  to  TRI
  In 2006, 620 facilities in the sector reported 3.2
  million absolute Ibs. of air emissions to TRI.
  Between 1997 and 2006, TRI-reported air
  emissions, in absolute pounds, declined by
  64%, as show in Figure 2a. Because production
  levels for the sector remained relatively steady
  over the  10 years, the emissions trend, when
  normalized by ferrous and nonferrous
  shipments, was very similar to the trend for
  absolute emissions, as shown in Figure 2b.

  Summing the Toxicity Scores for all of the air
  emissions reported to TRI by the sector
  produces the trend illustrated in Figure 2c. The
  sector's Toxicity Score declined 62% from 1997
  to 2006. Important methodological
  considerations regarding Toxicity Scores are
  discussed in the 2008 Sector Performance
  Report's Data Guide, which explains the
  underlying assumptions and limitations of
  Toxicity  Scores.

  HAPs accounted for 66% of the sector's air
  emissions reported to TRI in 2006, and 78% of
  the sector's Toxicity Score. Over the 10-year
  period, absolute and normalized pounds of
  HAPs emitted  declined by 64%.

  Table 1 presents the top TRI-reported
  chemicals emitted to air by the sector based on
  three indicators.
TABLE 1
Top TRI Air Emissions 2006



Chemical
Aluminum
Benzene
Chromium
Cobalt
Copper
Diisocyanates
Lead
Manganese
Nickel
Phenol
Xylene
Zinc
Percentage of
Sector Total
Absolute
Pounds
Reported1
323,0003
282,000
54,000
6,000
146,000
11,000
88,000
162,000
50,000
328,000
244,000
216,000
60%7
Percentage
of Toxicity
Score
1%
<1%
1%5
1%
19%6
7%
56%
10%
<1%
<1%
<1%
98%8
Number of
Facilities
Reporting2
" "1
11
146
288
36
351
193
195
,0
83
85%'
Notes:
1. Total reported sector air releases: 3.2 million Ibs.
2. 620 total TRI reporters in the sector.
3. Red indicates that the chemical was one of the top five chemicals reported in the given category.
4. Italics indicate a hazardous air pollutant under section 112 of Clean Air Act.
5. Based on chromium speciation data for this sector from EPA's National Emissions Inventory,
chromium Toxicity Scores were adjusted to assume that 3% was hexavalent and 97% was trivalent.
6. Calculation of Toxicity Score for diisocyanates conservatively assumed that all diisocyanates
emissions were hexamethylene-1,6-diisocyanates. Other diisocyanates chemicals with lower
toxicity scores may constitute the majority of reported diisocyanates emissions fiom the sector.
Thus, RSEI analyses may overestimate the relative harmfulness of diisocyanates emissions.
7. Chemicals in this list represent 60% of the sector's air emissions.
8. Chemicals in this list represent 98% of the sector's Toxicity Score.
9. 85% of facilities reported emitting one of more chemicals in this list
26  Metal Casting
                    February 2009 SUPPLEMENT

-------
                  FIGURE 2
                  Air Emissions Reported to TRI  1997-2006
                              All TRI Chemicals, including HAPs
                              All TRI HAPs
                  a. Absolute IDS
                         1997   1998   1999   2000   2001    2002   2003   2004   2005   2006
                  b. Normalized Ibs
                     8.7 M
                          1997   1998    1999   2000   2001   2002    2003   2004   2005   2006
                   c. Normalized Toxicity Score Trend
                         1997   1998    1999   2000   2001    2002   2003   2004   2005    2006
                 Note:
                 Normalized by annual ferrous and nonferrous shipments.
                 Sources: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, American Foundry Society
27  Metal Casting
February 2009 SUPPLEMENT

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 Waste  Generation

 and  Management


 Waste Management
 Reported to TRI
 In 2006, the sector reported managing 166.4
 million absolute Ibs. of TRI chemicals as waste.
 When normalized by product shipped, this
 represented a 36% decrease since 1997, as shown
 in Figure 3. In 2006, 24% of the TRI-reported
 waste was disposed or released, 69% was
 recycled, 7% was treated, and less than 1% was
 recovered for energy.

 In 2006, the sector reported disposing 36.8
 million Ibs. of TRI chemicals to land or
 transferring the chemicals to offsite locations for
 disposal. As shown in Table 3, manganese and
 zinc accounted for almost three-quarters of the
 total pounds disposed by the sector. Lead was
       FIGURE 3
       TRI Waste Management 1997-2006
                         the chemical most frequently reported as
                         disposed.
TABLE 3
Top TRI Disposals


Chemical
Aluminum Oxide
Chromium
Copper
Lead
Manganese
Nickel
Zinc
Percentage of
Sector Total

2006
Absolute
Pounds
Reported1
1,610,0003
1,788,000
1,483,000
1,872,000
14,596,000
647,000
12,565,000
94%4


Number of
Facilities
Reporting2
5
130
191

177
150
61
59% 5

                          Notes:
                          1. Total reported sector disposals: 36.8 million Ibs.
                          2. 620 total TRI reporters in the sector.
                          3. Red indicates that the chemical was one of the top five chemicals reported in the given
                          category.
                          4. Chemicals in this list represent 94% of the sector's disposals.
                          5. 59% of facilities reported emitting one of more chemicals in this list.
         200,000,000
         100,000,000
                 1997 total: 265.2 million Ibs
                 L
L
L
                  1997
                         1998
                               1999
       Notes:
       1. Normalized by annual ferrous and nonferrous shipments.
       2. Disposal or other releases include air releases, water discharges, andland disposals.

       Sources: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, American Foundry Society
                          Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
                  Disposal or Other Releases -w 36%
                  Treatment A. 58%
                  Energy Recovery
                  Recycling -^ 39%
                                                                 2006 total: 170.4 million Ibs
                                                                             36%
                                     2000
28  Metal Casting
                                           February 2009 SUPPLEMENT

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                                                        OIL &  GAS
                                                    Petroleum Refining
                      AT A GLANCE  1997-20061
     164
  refineries
     90,000
14g employees
  9%
                                                ,68,700 barreis crude
                                                T 24%  oil input into
                                                       refineries
            LATEST ENVIRONMENTAL STATISTICS:

         Releases of Chemicals Reported to 2006 TRI:  72.3 million Ibs
I                    Air Emissions:  42.8 million Ibs
                    Water Discharges: 22 million Ibs
                    Waste Disposals: 7.5 million Ibs
         Recycling,  Energy Recovery, or Treatment:  1.2 billion Ibs
               The data discussed in this Supplement are drawn from U.S. EPA's 2006 Toxics
               Release  Inventory (TRI).  See the Data  Guide  and the Data Sources,
               Methodologies, and Considerations chapter in the 2008 Sector Performance
               Report for  important information and qualifications about how data are
               generated, synthesized, and presented. The 2008 Sector Performance Report is
               available at: htty.l I www.eva.3ovlsectorslverformance.html.
29  Petroleum Refining
                                     February 2009 SUPPLEMENT

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 Air   Emissions


 Air  Emissions
 Reported to TRI
 In 2006,165 facilities3 in the sector reported
 42.8 million absolute Ibs. of air emissions to
 EPA's TRI. Between 1997 and 2006, TRI-
 reported air emissions declined by 29%, as
 show in Figure 2a. When normalized by crude
 oil inputs into refineries, air emissions
 decreased by 32% over the 10 years, as shown
 in Figure 2b.

 Summing the Toxicity Scores for all of the air
 emissions reported to TRI by the sector
 produces the trend illustrated in Figure 2c.
 While the normalized Toxicity Score increased
 by 72% over the 10-year period shown in
 Figure 2c, the Toxicity Score has decreased
 each year since 2002. Important
 methodological considerations regarding
 Toxicity Scores are discussed in the 2008 Sector
 Performance Report's Data Guide, which
 explains the underlying assumptions and
 limitations of Toxicity Scores.

 In absolute pounds, HAPs accounted for 44%
 of the TRI chemicals emitted to air and 24% of
 the Toxicity Score in 2006. Between 1997 and
 2006, the trend for HAP emissions follows a
 similar declining trend as for emissions of all
 TRI chemicals.

 Table 1 presents the top TRI-reported
 chemicals emitted to air by the sector based on
 three indicators.
    TABLE 6
    Top TRI Air Emissions 2006
I-
Chemical
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene
Ammonia
Benzene
Chlorine
Ethylbenzene
N-Hexane
Nickel
Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds
Propylene
Sulfuric Acid
Toluene
Xylene
Percentage of
Sector Total
Absolute
Pounds
Reported1
686,000
o,UUU,UUU
1,865,000
130,000
656,000
3,661,000
82,000
34,000
4,060,000
7,882,000
3,721,000
2,973,000
80% 5
Percentage Number of
of Toxicity Facilities
Score Reporting2
1%3 129
1% 107
1% 147
6% 33
<1% 141
<1% 144
8% 68
3% 132
<1% 113
73% 75
<1% 147
<1% 145
92%' 98%7

     Notes:
     1. Total reported sector air releases: 42.8 million Ibs.
     2. 165 total TRI reporters in the sector.
     3. Red
30  Petroleum Refining
                       February 2009 SUPPLEMENT

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                :IGURE 2
               Air Emissions Reported to TRI 1997-2006
                           All TRI Chemicals, including HAPs
                           All TRI HAPs
               a. Absolute IDS
                 60 M
                      1997   1998   1999   2000   2001    2002   2003   2004   2005   2006
                b. Normalized IDS
                  60 M
                       1997   1998   1999   2000   2001   2002    2003   2004   2005   2006
                c. Normalized Toxicity Score Trend
                       1997   1998   1999    2000   2001   2002   2003   2004   2005   2006
               Note:
               Normalized by annual crude oil inputs into refineries.
               Sources: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, U.S. Department of Energy
31  Petroleum Refining
February 2009 SUPPLEMENT

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 Waste  Generation

 and  Management


 Waste  Management
 Reported to  TRI
 In 2006, refineries reported managing 1.2 billion
 absolute Ibs. of TRI chemicals as waste. When
 normalized by crude oil inputs into refineries, this
 represented a 24% increase since 1997. Figure 3
 shows how this waste was managed. In 2006, 42%
 was treated, 45% was recovered for energy use,
 and 8% was recycled, while 6% of the TRI-reported
 waste was disposed or released. The increase in
 energy recovery in 2006 was largely driven by one
 facility's increase in the quantity of propylene used
 for energy recovery. The 2006 decrease in recycling
 resulted from changes from multiple facilities,
 influenced by one facility that reported recycling
 large quantities of sulfuric acid in 2005, but did not
 report any recycling of this chemical in 2006.
       FIGURE 3
       TRI Waste Management 1997-2006
          In 2006, refineries reported disposing 7.5
          million Ibs. of TRI chemicals to land or
          transferring the chemicals to offsite
          locations for disposal. As shown in Table
          3, asbestos, as reported by one facility,
          accounted for 18% of the total pounds
          disposed by the sector. Prior to 2006, the
          facility's reported asbestos disposals to
          landfills fluctuated from between no
          disposals and 724,000 pounds. Lead was
          the chemical most frequently reported as
          disposed by the sector.
                1997 total: 963.8 million Ibs
I Disposal or Other Releases
I Treatment A. 29%
Energy Recovery A29%
I Recycling A 8%
                                                        '14%
                                                                  2006 total: 1.2 billion Ibs
                                                                         A. 24%
                  1997
                        1998
                              1999
                                    2000
                                          2001
                                                2002
                                                      2003
                                                            2004
                                                                   2005
                                                                         2006
       Notes:
       1. Normalized by annual crude oil inputs into refineries.
       2. Disposal or other releases include air releases, water discharges, and land disposals.

       Sources: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, U.S. Department of Energy
32  Petroleum Refining
                        February 2009 SUPPLEMENT

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       TABLE  8
       Top  TRI Disposals 2006
Chemical
Ammonia
Asbestos
Benzene
Ethylbenzene
Lead
Molybdenum Trioxide
Toluene
Xylene
Zinc
Percentage of
Sector Total
Absolute
Pounds
Reported1
827,0003
1,350,000
99,000
136,000
159,000
720,000
137,000
602,000
701,000
63%4
Number of
Facilities
Reporting2
29
1
107

116
38
102
106
39
82%5

        Notes:
        1. Total reported sector disposals: 7.5 million Ibs.
        2. 165 total TRI reporters in the sector.
        3. Red indicates that the chemical was one of the top five chemicals reported in the given
        category.
        4. Chemicals in this list represent 63% of the sector's disposals.
        5. 82% of facilities reported emitting one of more chemicals in this list.
        Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
33   Petroleum Refining
February 2009 SUPPLEMENT

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34  Page intentionally left blank                                                   February 2009 SUPPLEMENT

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                        AT A  GLANCE 1997-20061
   1,494 f
  facilities
1,344
 10%
 52,479 j.
employees
                                                      46,209
                                                      •»• 12%
 1.5 billion
 gallons of
shipments
 1.6 billion
' A. 5%
             LATEST ENVIRONMENTAL STATISTICS
          Releases  of Chemicals Reported to 2006 TRI:  5.7 million Ibs
                      Air Emissions:  4 million Ibs
                      Water Discharges:  24,000  Ibs
                      Waste  Disposals:  1.6  million Ibs
          Recycling, Energy Recovery, or  Treatment: 122.5 million Ibs
                The data discussed in this Supplement are drawn from U.S. EPA's 2006 Toxics
                Release Inventory  (TRI).  See the  Data  Guide and  the Data Sources,
                Methodologies, and Considerations chapter in the 2008 Sector Performance
                Report for  important information  and qualifications about how data  are
                generated, synthesized, and presented. The 2008 Sector Performance Report is
                available at: httv://www.eva.sov/sectors/verformance.html.
35  Paint & Coatings
                                        February 2009 SUPPLEMENT

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  Air  Emissions


  Air  Emissions
  Reported  to  TRI
  In 2006, 453 facilities in the sector reported 4
  million absolute Ibs. of air emissions to EPA's
  TRI. Between 1997 and 2006, absolute TRI-
  reported air emissions declined by 56%, as
  show in Figure la. When normalized by the
  quantity of product shipments over this
  period, air emissions declined by about the
  same amount, as seen in Figure Ib. The
  normalized and  absolute data are similar
  because production remained relatively steady
  over the period.

  Summing the Toxicity Scores for all of the air
  emissions reported to TRI by the sector
  produces the trend illustrated in Figure Ic. The
  sector's total Toxicity Score, normalized by
  product shipments, declined by 80% from 1997
  to 2006. Important methodological
  considerations regarding Toxicity Scores are
  discussed in the  2008 Sector Performance
  Report's Data Guide, which explains the
  underlying assumptions and limitations of
  Toxicity Scores.

  In absolute pounds, HAPs accounted for most
  (88%) of the sector's pounds of air emissions
  reported to TRI in 2006; therefore, trends in
  HAP emissions showed similar declines to the
  trends in air emissions for all TRI chemicals
  when based on either pounds reported or the
  Toxicity Score.

  Table 1 presents the top TRI-reported
  chemicals emitted to air by the sector based on
  three indicators.

TABLE 1
Top TRI Air Emissions 2006
                  Absolute   Percentage  Number of
                   Pounds   of Toxicity    Facilities
Chemical
Reported1	Score
                                     Reporting
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene
Certain Glycol Ethers
Chromium
Diisocyanates
Ethylbenzene
Ethylene Glycol
Methanol
Nickel
Toluene
Xylene
Percentage of
Sector Total
161,384
254,224
1,558
766
185,435
308,750
388,386
1,863
771,116
1,018,695
77%7
12%3
6%

34%6
<1%
<1%
<1%
9%
<1%
5%
75%8
116
166
25
18
130
84
67
7
201
265
83o/0'
Notes:
1. Total reported sector air releases: 4.0 million Ibs.
2. 453 total TRI reporters in the sector.
3. Red indicates that the chemical was one of the top five chemicals reported in the given category.
4. Italics indicate a hazardous air pollutant under section 112 of Clean Air Act
5. Based on chromium speciation data for this sector from industry, chromium Toxicity Scores were
adjusted to assume that 25% was hexavalent and 75% was trivalent.
6. Calculation of Toxicity Score for diisocyanates conservatively assumed that all diisocyanates
emissions were hexamethylene-1,6-diisocyanates. Other diisocyanates chemicals with lower toxicity
scores may constitute the majority of reported diisocyanates emissions from the sector. Thus, RSEI
analyses may overestimate the relative harmfulness of diisocyanates emissions.
7. Chemicals in this list represent 77% of the sector's air emissions.
8. Chemicals in this list represent 75% of the sector's Toxicity Score.
9. 83% of facilities reported emitting one of more chemicals in this list

Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
36  Paint & Coatings
                     February 2009 SUPPLEMENT

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                  FIGURE  1
                  Air Emissions Reported to TRI 1997-2006
                                All TRI Chemicals, including HAPs
                                All TRI HAPs
                    a. Absolute  IDS

                      9.1 M
                          1997   1998   1999   2000   2001   2002   2003   2004   2005   2006
                    b.  Normalized IDS
                           1997   1998   1999   2000   2001    2002   2003   2004   2005   2006
                     c. Normalized Toxicity  Score Trend

                        1.00
                           1997   1998    1999   2000   2001    2002   2003   2004   2005   2006
                   Note:
                   Normalized by annual quantity of paint and allied product shipments.
                   Sources: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, U.S. Census Bureau
37  Paint & Coatings
February 2009 SUPPLEMENT

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 Waste  Generation

 and  Management


 Waste  Management
 Reported to TRI
 In 2006, facilities in the Paint & Coatings sector
 reported managing 128.1 million absolute Ibs.
 of TRI chemicals as waste. As shown in Figure
 2, when normalized by annual product
 shipments, total waste managed declined 32%
 between 1997 and 2006. Figure 2 also shows
 how the sector has managed this waste over
 time. In 2006, 4% of the TRI-reported waste was
 disposed or released, 54% was recycled, 31%
 was recovered for energy, and 11% was treated.

 In 2006, the sector reported disposing 1.6
 million Ibs. of TRI chemicals to land or
 transferring the chemicals to offsite locations
 for disposal. As shown in Table 3, zinc
        FIGURE 2
        TRI Waste Management 1997-2006
         90,000,000 r 1997tota|. 17ao ^iiion bs
        accounted for a quarter of the total pounds
        disposed by the sector and was the chemical
        most frequently reported as disposed.
       P
TABLE 3
Top TRI Disposals 2006

Chemical

3-Iodo-2-Propynyl Butylcarbamate
I Barium

Certain Glycol Ethers
Chromium

Di(2-Ethylhexyl) Phthalate
Lead
Xylene
Zinc




Percentage of
Sector Total
Absolute
Pounds
Reported1
124,0003

45,000
57,000
96,000
32,000
160,000
397,000
65%"
Number of
Facilities
Reporting2
10
18
28
29
*
77
30
98
35%5

         Notes:
         1. Total reported sector disposals: 1.6 million Ibs.
         2. 453 total TRI reporters in the sector.
         3. Red indicates that the chemical was one of the top five chemicals reported in the given
         category.
         4. Chemicals in this list represent 65% of the sector's disposals.
         5. 35% of facilities reported emitting one ofmore chemicals in this list.
       „, 60,000,000
Disposal or Other Releases
Treatment -^ 47%
Energy Recovery -^38%
Recycling •_• 21%
                                                                2006 total: 121.8 million Ibs
                                                                           32%
         30,000,000
                 1997
                       1998
       Notes:
       1. Normalized by annual quantity of paint and allied product shipments.
       2. Disposal or other releases include air releases, water discharges, and land disposals.

       Sources: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, U.S. Census Bureau
38  Paint & Coatings
                         February 2009 SUPPLEMENT

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tt'l %
•*_
                  -;,
        13^
          •

                                                    Ml.
       SHIPBUILDIN
                        AT A GLANCE  1997-20061
           2005:346 facilities
                            97,521
                           employees
                                       87,352
                                       v 10%
                                                      $10.5 billion
                                                        value of,
                                                       shipments
              LAI
     LATEST ENVIRONMENTAL STATISTICS
            Releases of Chemicals Reported to 2006 TRI: 2.5 million Ibs
I                      Air Emissions: 2.1  million Ibs
                      Water Discharges:  10,000 Ibs
                      Waste Disposals:  361,000 Ibs
            Recycling, Energy Recovery, or Treatment: 7.2 million Ibs
                 The data discussed in this Supplement are drawn from U.S. EPA's 2006 Toxics
                 Release Inventory  (TRI). See  the  Data  Guide and  the  Data Sources,
                 Methodologies, and Considerations chapter in the 2008 Sector Performance
                 Report for important information  and qualifications about how data are
                 generated, synthesized, and presented. The 2008 Sector Performance Report is
                 available at: htty:/'/'www.eva.sov/sectors/verformance.html.
                                                             PAI
                                                                   $15.1 billion
                                                                   * 43%
   39  Shipbuilding & Ship Repair
                                                  February 2009 SUPPLEMENT

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Air  Emissions


Air Emissions
Reported  to TRI
In 2006, 59 facilities in the sector reported 2.1
million absolute Ibs. of air emissions to EPA's
TRI. Between 1997 and 2006, absolute TRI-
reported air emissions declined by 14%, as
shown in Figure la. When normalized by the
sector's value of shipments (VOS), air
emissions decreased 27%, as shown in Figure
Ib. The 2006 increase in air emissions resulted
from 38 facilities in the sector reporting
increased air emissions that in aggregate were
596,000 absolute Ibs. greater than their
emissions in 2005, while 24 facilities reported
lower air emissions totaling 241,000 less than
their reported air emissions in 2005.

Summing the Toxicity Scores for all of the air
emissions reported to TRI by the sector
produces the trend illustrated in Figure Ic.
When normalized by the sector's VOS, the
sector's Toxicity Score fluctuated between 1997
and 2006, declining overall by 41%. Important
methodological considerations regarding
Toxicity Scores are discussed in the 2008 Sector
Performance Report's Data Guide, which
explains the underlying assumptions and
limitations of Toxicity Scores.

In absolute pounds, HAPs accounted for 56%
of the sector's pounds of air emissions reported
to TRI in 2006, and 76% of the Toxicity Score.

Table 1 presents the top TRI-reported
chemicals emitted to air by the sector based on
three indicators.
TABLE 1
Top TRI Air Emissions 2006
I Chemical
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene
Chromium
Ethylbenzene
\ Manganese
N-Butyl Alcohol
Nickel
Propylene
Sulfunc Acid
Xylene
Percentage of
Sector Total
Absolute
Pounds
Reported1
166.0003
2,000
146,000
9,000
543,000
2,000
104,000
28,000
765,000
83%'
Percentage
of Toxicity
Score
9%
6%;
<1%

<1%
6°/o
<1%
9°/o
3 /o
91%7
Number of
Facilities
Reporting2
8
20
8
24
19
19
11
1
32
88% "
Notes:
1. Total reported sector air releases: 2.1 million Ibs.
2. 59 total TRI reporters in the sector.
3. Red indicates that the chemical was one of the top five chemicals reported in the given category.
4. Italics indicate a hazardous air pollutant under section 112 of Clean Air Act.
5. For this sector, EPA's National Emissions Inventory contained no chromium speciation information, therefore,
chromium Toxicity Scores were adjusted to using the defiialt speciation that assumes 34% of chromium was
hexavalent and 66% was trivalent.
6. Chemicals in this list represent 83% of the sector's air emissions.
7. Chemicals in this list represent 91% of the sector's Toxicity Score.
8. 88% of facilities reported emitting one of more chemicals in this list.
Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

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 FIGURE  1
 Air Emissions Reported to TRI 1997-2006
            All TRI Chemicals, including HAPs
            All TRI HAPs
                                                                      2.1 M
 a. Absolute Ibs
   2.5 M
       1997   1998   1999   2000   2001    2002   2003   2004   2005   2006
 b.  Normalized Ibs

    2.5 M
        1997   1998   1999  2000   2001   2002   2003   2004   2005   2006
  c. Normalized Toxicity Score Trend
        1997   1998   1999   2000    2001   2002   2003    2004   2005   2006
Note:
Normalized by annual value of shipments.
Sources: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, U.S. Department of Commerce

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Waste  Generation

and  Management


Waste  Management
Reported  to TRI
In 2006, facilities in the sector reported
managing 9.7 million absolute Ibs. of TRI
chemicals as waste. When normalized by value
of shipments, this was 40% less than in 1997.
Figure 2 shows the trends in waste
management by the sector. In 2006, 26% of the
TRI-reported waste was disposed or released,
38% was recycled, 33% was treated, and 3%
was recovered for energy. The 2006 increase in
treatment was driven by changes in treated
quantities of multiple chemicals by one facility.

In 2006, the sector reported disposing 361,000
Ibs. of TRI chemicals to land or transferring the
chemicals to offsite locations for disposal. As

    FIGURE 2
    TRI Waste Management 1997-2006
                               shown in Table 3, zinc and copper accounted
                               for more than half of the total pounds
                               disposed by the sector.
                                TABLE 3
                                Top TRI Disposals 2006

Chemical
Chromium
Copper
Manganese
Nickel
Zinc
Percentage of
Sector Total
Absolute
Pounds
Reported1
27,0003
86,000
81,000
16,000
113,000
90%4
Number of
Facilities
Reporting2
14
14
10
14
10
41%5
                                Notes:
                                1. Total reported sector disposals: 360,600 Ibs.
                                2.59 total TRI reporters in the sector.
                                3. Red indicates that the chemical was one of the top five chemicals reported in the given
                                category.
                                4. Chemicals in this list represent 90% of the sector's disposals.
                                5. 41% of facilities reported emitting one of more chemicals in this list.
                                Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
      8,000,000
      6,000,000
    i 4,000,000
      2,000,000
            1997 total: 13.9 million Ibs
                      I Disposal or Other Releases ^ 24%
                      I Treatment^ 7%
                      I Energy Recovery ^59%
                      I Recycling^. 58%
IL
             1997
                                                         2006 total: 8.3 million Ibs
                                                                •v 40%
luLliliuJril
                  1998
                        1999
                              2000
                                    2001
                                         2002
                                               2003
                                                     2004
                                                          2005
                                                                2006
    Notes:
    1. Normalized by annual value of shipments.
    2. Disposal or other releases include air releases, water discharges, and land disposals.

    Sources: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, U.S. Department of Commerce

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APPENDIX:  ENDNOTES
  Executive  Summary
  1.  Release and waste management quantities of
     chemicals reported to EPA's Toxics Release
     Inventory (TRI), 2006 Public Data Release (PDR).

  Cement Manufacturing
  1.  Facilities: Portland Cement Association (PCA), U.S.
     and Canadian Portland Cement Industry: Plant
     Information Summary, December 31, 2006, Executive
     Summary, p. 1; Employment: PCA, U.S. Labor-Energy
     Input Survey 2006; Clinker Production: U.S.
     Geological Survey (USGS) Mineral Commodity
     Summaries, 2008, p. 40-41,
     http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/
     cement/index.html.
  2.  Release and waste management quantities of
     chemicals reported to TRI, 2006 PDR. This sector is
     defined by a predetermined list of cement
     manufacturing facilities.


  Chemical Manufacturing
  1.  Facilities: Census Bureau, County Business Patterns
     (CBP), 2006,
     http://www.census.gov/epcd/cbp/view/ cbpview.htm
     1; Employment: Census Bureau, CBP, 2006; Value of
     shipments: U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC),
     Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA): Industry
     Economic Accounts, 2006,
     http://www.bea.gov/industry/gdpbyind  data.htm.
  2.  Release and waste management quantities of
     chemicals reported to TRI, 2006 PDR. This sector is
     defined by NAICS code 325 or SIC code 28.


  Food  & Beverage Manufacturing
  1.  Facilities: Census Bureau, CBP, 2006,
     http://www.census.gov/epcd/cbp/view/cbpview.htm
     1; Employment: Census Bureau, CBP, 2006; Value of
     shipments: U.S. DOC, BEA: Industry Economic
     Accounts, 2006,
     http://www.bea.gov/industry/gdpbvind  data.htm.
2.  Release and waste management quantities of
   chemicals reported to TRI, 2006 PDR. This sector is
   defined by NAICS codes 311 and 3121 or SIC codes 20
   and 5461.
Forest Products
1.  Facilities: Census Bureau, CBP, 2006,
   http://www.census.gov/epcd/cbp/view/cbpview.html;
   Employment: Census Bureau, CBP, 2006; Value of
   shipments: U.S. DOC, BEA: Industry Economic
   Accounts, 2006,
   http://www.bea.gov/industry/gdpbyind data.htm.
2.  Release and waste management quantities of
   chemicals reported to TRI, 2006 PDR. Forest (Wood)
   Products defined by NAICS codes 3211, 3212, 32191,
   32192, 321999 or SIC codes 242, 243, 244, 249; and
   Forest (Paper) Products defined by NAICS codes 3221,
   32221, 322221-322224, 322226, 32223, 32229 or SIC code
   26.
Iron  & Steel
1.  Facilities: USGS, Mineral Commodity Summaries, Iron
   and Steel,
   http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/ir
   on & steel/. Some apparent shifts in facility totals
   over time are attributable to changes in data sources
   and in methodology used for estimation. The reported
   facility total for 2004, which was apparently
   anomalous, is not included in the trend line presented
   in this report.; Employment: Census Bureau, CBP, 2006,
   defined by NAICS code 331111,
   http://www.census.gov/epcd/cbp/view/cbpview.html;
   Production: USGS, Mineral Commodity Summaries,
   http://minerals.usgs.gOv/minerals/pubs/commodity//ir
   on & steel/index.html.

2.  Release and waste management quantities of
   chemicals reported to TRI, 2006 PDR. This sector is
   defined by a predetermined list of iron and steel
   production mills.

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Metal  Casting
1.  Facilities: Census Bureau, CBP, 2006,
   http://www.census.gov/epcd/cbp/view/cbpview.htm
   1; Employment: Census Bureau, CBP, 2006; Ferrous
   and Nonferrous Shipments: American Foundry Society
   (AFS), Metal Casting Forecast & Trends; Stratecasts,
   Inc., Demand & Supply Forecast.
2.  Release and waste management quantities of
   chemicals reported to TRI, 2006 PDR. This sector is
   defined by NAICS codes 33151 and 33152 or SIC
   codes 332 and 336.

Oil  & Gas
1.  Refineries: U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Energy
   Information Administration (EIA), Refinery
   Capacity Report, Table 1, January 2008,
   http://www.eia.doe.gov/pub/oil gas/petroleum/data
     publications/refinery capacity data/current/tablel.
   pdf, trend data for 1998 were not available;
   Employment: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of
   Labor Statistics,
   http://data.bls.gov/PDQ/outside.jsp?survey=ce;
   Crude Oil Inputs into Refineries: U.S. DOE, EIA,
   Petroleum Refining & Processing, Weekly Inputs,
   Utilization & Production,
   http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/dnav/pet/pet pnp wiup dc
   u nus w.htm, estimated by multiplying the average
   weekly inputs (barrels/day) by seven (days/week),
   and summing all weeks in the calendar year.
2.  Release and waste management quantities of
   chemicals reported to TRI, 2006 PDR. This sector is
   defined by NAICS code 32411 or SIC code 2911.
3.  Although EIA data indicate 149 refineries, the
   number of facilities in SIC 2911 (Petroleum
   Refineries) included in the TRI databases exceed this
   count. This could be the result of numerous factors,
   such as: (1) there are differences in how EIA defines
   the sector and how the sector is defined by SIC code
   2911, and (2) TRI counts reflect the number of IDs in
   the data system; some facilities may inadvertently
   report under multiple IDs within the data system.
Paint & Coatings
1.  Facilities: Census Bureau, CBP, 2006,
   http://www.census.gov/epcd/cbp/view/cbpview.ht
   ml; Employment: Census Bureau, CBP, 2006;
   Quantity of paint and allied product shipments: U.S.
   Census Bureau, Current Industrial Reports (CIR),
   2006,
   http://www.census.gOv/industry/l/ma325f06.pdf.
2.  Release and waste management quantities of
   chemicals reported to TRI, 2006 PDR. This sector
   is defined by NAICS code 32551 or SIC code 2851.


Shipbuilding  &  Ship Repair
1.  Facilities: Beth Gearhart, U.S. Maritime
   Administration, personal communication with
   Shana Harbour, EPA, December 2005; Employees:
   Census Bureau, CBP, 2006,
   http://www.census.gov/epcd/cbp/view/cbpview.ht
   ml; Value of Shipments: U.S. DOC, BEA: Industry
   Economic Accounts, 2006,
   http://www.bea.gov/industry/gdpbyind data.htm.
2.  Release and waste management quantities of
   chemicals reported to TRI, 2006 PDR. This sector
   is defined by NAICS code 336611 or SIC code
   3731.

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