&EPA
            United States
            Environmental Protection
            Agency
           Office of Water and Waste
           Management
           Washington, DC 20460
                                 JarvOec. 1980
            Water
Annual Report to Congress
Jan. - Dec. 1980
On Administration of the Marine
Protection, Research, and
Sanctuaries Act of 1972, as
Amended (P.L. 92-532) and
Implementing the International
Ocean Dumping Convention




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     t>
      I    UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                           WASHINGTON. D,C.  20460
                                                      THE ADMINISTRATOR
Honorable Thomas P. O'Neill,  Jr.
Speaker of the House
  of Representatives
Washington, D.C.  20515

Dear Mr. Speaker:

     Section 112 of the Marine Protection,  Research,  and  Sanctuaries
Act of 1972, as amended, requires the Administrator of  the
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to submit an annual report on
the administration of the ocean dumping permit program  authorized
under Title I of the Act.  The ninth annual report for  this  program
is transmitted with this letter.

     The ocean dumping permit program became effective  on
April 23, 1973, and final regulations and criteria were published on
October 15, 1973.  Revisions to those regulations and criteria were
published on January 11, 1977.  This report covers the  activities
carried out under the Act and those necessary to implement  the
London Dumping Convention during calendar year 1980.

     The dumping into ocean waters of all material, except  dredged
material,  is regulated by EPA permits; the U.S. Army Corps  of
Engineers  issues permits for dredged materials.  We hope  that the
information provided in this report will be useful to the House of
Representatives  in assessing the status and direction of  the
program.

                                    Sincerely yours,

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          UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
                            WASHINGTON, D.C.  20460

                               DEC 3 0 1981
                                                       THE ADMINISTRATOR
Honorable George Bush
President of the Senate
Washington, D.C.  20510
Dear Mr. President;

     Section 112 of the Marine Protection,  Research,  and Sanctuaries
Act of 1972, as amended, requires the Administrator of the
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to submit an annua .^port on
the administration of the ocean dumping permit program authorized
under Title I of the Act.  The ninth annual report for this program
is transmitted with this letter.

     The ocean dumping  permit program became effective on
April 23,  1973, and final regulations and criteria were published on
OctoberIS. 1973.  Revisions to those regulations and criteria were
published on January 11, 1977.  This report co^ffl^m^1!!"6S
carried out  under the Act and those  necessary to  implement the
London  Dumping Convention during  calendar year I9«u.

      The dumping  into  ocean waters  of  all  material,  except dredged
 material, Isregulated by EPA  permits;  the U.S. Any Corps of
 Fnaineers issues  permits for dredged materials.   We  hope that the
 inloSionTroviSeTin this report will be useful to the Senate in
 assessing the status and direction  of the  program.

                                     Sincerely yours,

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ANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS JAN. - DEC. 1980

     ON ADMINISTRATION OF THE MARINE
  PROTECTION, RESEARCH, AND SANCTUARIES
  ACT OF 1972, AS AMENDED (P.L. 92-532}
    AND IMPLEMENTING THE INTERNATIONAL
        LONDON DUMPING CONVENTION

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                         TABLE OF CONTENTS
                                                             PAGE
INTRODUCTION
MARINE PROTECTION, RESEARCH, AND
 SANCTUARIES ACT, AS AMENDED (P.L. 92-532}
THE PERMIT PROGRAM
     TABLE I
     TABLE II
     TABLE III
     TABLE IV
     TABLE V
Permittees on Implementation
 Plans
Permit Activity
Types/Amounts of Ocean Disposal
 by Geographic/Coastal Area
Summary of Permits Denied,
 Withdrawn, Phased Out 1973-1980
Permits Phased Out in
 Region II, 1980
LONDON DUMPING CONVENTION
     TABLE VI       Contracting Parties
SITE DESIGNATIONS
INCINERATION AT SEA
RADIOACTIVE WASTES
     TABLE VII      Dumping of Radioactive  Wastes
 OSV  ANTELOPE
      FIGURE 1

 ENFORCEMENT
      TABLE VIII
 APPENDIX
Ocean Disposal Sites Sampled
  in 1980
 Enforcement Actions
                     Annexes I,  II,  and III to the
                      London Dumping Convention
1
3

5
7
9
11
12
13
14
15
16
18
19
23

24
 25
 27
 29
 30

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                            INTRODUCTION
     This Is the U.S.  Environmental  Protection Agency s  (EPA) ninth
annual  report to the Congress on the implementationof T tie I of
the Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act of  1972
fMPRSA)  as amended.  The report covers  the Agency's authorities and
responsibilities under the Act 1n carrying  out the ocean dumping
pfmit program activities conducted within  EPA Headquarters and
Regions during calendar year 1980.

     The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (CQE), the U.S.  Coast Guard
(USCG), and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric **n»"ll  tSSit'
 NOAA  also have responsibilities under the Act,  and will  submit
separate reports on their activities in  mPlementin9.^hnen^Lir
Sequent!?, this report does "^contain a discussion of their
activities, except as they impact the responsibility  of tPA.

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          MARINE PROTECTION, RESEARCH,  AND SANCTUARIES  ACT
                 OF 1972, AS AMENDED (P.L. 92-532}

Program Authorized Under Title I

     The purpose of Title I of the Marine Protection, Research,  and
Sanctuaries Act of 1972 (MPRSA) is to regulate transportation for
ocean dumping, and to prevent the ocean dumping of any  material
which would unreasonably degrade or endanger human health,  welfare,
or amenities, or the marine environment, ecological  systems, or
economic potentialities.  To implement this purpose and to control
dumping in ocean waters, Title I of the Act establishes a permit
system and assigns its administration to the EPA and COE.

     Transportation from the United States of any radiological,
chemical, or biological warfare agent or high-level radioactive
wastes for dumping in ocean waters, the territorial seas, or the
contiguous zone is prohibited.  Transportation of other materials
 (except dredged materials)  for the  purpose of dumping  is prohibited
ixcept wSenJuthorized  under a permit issued ^ the Administrator of
EPA.  Based upon criteria  outlined  in Section 102 of the Act, the
Administrator  is required  to establish and apply criteria for
 reviewing  and  evaluating  permit applications.  Such permits may  be
 issued after determining  that the dumping  involved will not
 unreasonably degrade  or endanger  human health or the marine
 envf?onment:   Before  a  permit is  issued,  EPA must also give notice
 and opportunity for a public  hearing.  Dumping of dredpd material
 is regulated under permits issued by the  COE in accordance  with  the
 EPA criteria.

      In addition,  the Administrator is authorized  to designate areas
 where ocean  dumping may be permitted  and  any  critical  areas where
 dumping may  be prohibited.  EPA has authority  to  revoke  or modify
 oermits or to  assess  civil penalties  for  violation of  permit
 conditions.   In addition, the Attorney General  may initiate criminal
 action against persons who knowingly violate  the  Act.

      Also under Title I, the USCG is given the responsibility to
 conduct surveillance and other appropriate enforcement activities to
 prevent unlawful ocean dumping.  Hore specifically, the USCG ensues
 that the dumping occurs under a valid permit  and at the location and
 1n the manner specified within the permit.

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          e i1 re9"1r!s NOM to conduct  a comprehensive  program of
          fS«TOnit0ni? re9ard!n9 the effects of the duSpi^f
                                       9lves NOM the
                      2

               ft  19i81' /°r the ™s of this  aHentent" tie
              Sludge  1S def1ned to n163" "arW solid or liquid waste
                "Un1c1pal wastew*ter treatment plant the Scean

                                 degrade Or e"da"9er human health,
                                                              .  or
  bv th?pJ2S!T 22|J980* a"  "endment of significance was signed
  ,L^1  Prf !derjt-  This amendment puts harmful industrial  wastes
  under a similar ban which applies to harmful  sewaae slide*  IP

  that by December 31. 1981, all harmful ™dustrfaf wastes can TO"
  longer be transported for dumping into ocean  waters!  However  this
impacts on the marine environment.


     This same amendment also includes  an addition which  is of





                                           ^ff!r 1s

2lll LdnaSIsUl1nrf ^6 TRSA- .H«cci«ulat1on tests
        for ocean dumping of dredged material.


     Urlng  198° !he Agenc^ be9fln considering the desirability of
       fc6 S .Umpi1 re9ula«o«s more fllxible basef on nL
         know1ed9e and experience obtained  since the 1977

       of «!SLPS1lShed-  ?M'S P01101"65 regarting the ocean
            wa    1     are in  a state of ^ux as a result of
                                sae o   ux as a result of
codgeMSofaer s decision of August 28, 1981 In- City of New York v
|PA, No.  80 Civ. 1677 ADS  (S.D.N.V.).  EPA's p^hcies w? fl  be rore

fully developed after EPA  has had an opportur,Hy to ful  y evllwte
the ramifications of the final order in that case!        evaluate

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                         THE PERMIT  PROGRAM
     The Ocean Dumping Regulations  and  Criteria  (40 CFR Parts
220-229) published January 11.  1977,  permits the issuance of general
permits for dumping small  quantities  of material  having a minimal
adverse environmental impact when dumped under prescribed
conditions.  Burial at sea of human remains or ashes, the transport
of vessels by the U.S. Navy with the Intent of sinking vessels
during ordnance testing, the transport  and disposal  of derelict
vessels that pose a threat to navigational operate are  a  few
exampl es.

      Special permits are issued for dumping materials which satisfy
the criteria, but only  for a maximum duration of/^ee years for
each  permit.  Fifteen special permits were issued in Region II
during  1980.

      Interim  permits may be  issued for  a  period not exceeding one
year.  5S T  t^he  ueceller 31. 1981 termination date, interim i  permits
coJer those materials that do not  comply  with the ocean dumping
crUeHa for  which there  are no  feasible  land based disposal
 alternatives  at present.  Twenty-two interim permits were  issued
 during 1980,  all  in Region  II.

      Emergency permits maybe issued  for the disposal of "«ter1als
 that pole adverse effects to human health.   No  emergency permits
 were issued during 1980.

      Under the regulations in effect during 1980,  research permits
 arp  issued for dumping material  into the ocean  when  the
 determination is made that scientific  merit outweighs the  potent! al
 envfrTnlfntal damage that may result from dumping.   Two  research
 permits were issued during calendar year 1980.

       incineration at sea permits are t»ued1^n a slrtlar manner^s


 ?he  disposal site  have already been conducted and the site
 designated.

       Five special  permits were issued  in Region II during 1980 for

                                                                  1-
  York Harbor.

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Table I lists permittees on implementation plans to chase out
  srsrs- -as: i^^Tkii?"
        ^
                    "      "     *
                      EPA


S"pLn?i9??? ^K^tt^J-"* phased out in
                     dumping,
                    withdrawn
                     permits phased out,
                     1980.

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           TABLE I
  PERMITTEES ON IMPLEMENTATION
PLANS TO PHASE OUT OCEAN DUMPING
Company/
Region Municipality location
II ** Bergen Co. Util. NJ
Authority
City of Glen Cove NY
** Joint Mtg, of NJ
Essex & Union Cos.
** Linden-Roselle & NJ
Rahway Valley S. A.
** Middlesex Co. Util. NJ
Authority
Middletown Twp. NJ
Sew. Authority
** Nassau Co. Dept. NY
of Public Works
** New York City NY
Dept. of Water
Resources
** Passaic Valley NJ
Sew. Comm.
*** Westchester Co. NY
NE Monmouth NJ

* West New York NJ
* American Cyanamid NJ
Company
* Bristol Alpha, Inc. PR
* Cyanamid Agri. de PR PR
DuPont-Edge Moor DE
* Merck .Sharpe & Dohtne PR
Dump
Site
SS

SS
SS

SS

SS

SS

ss'

SS


SS

SS
SS
ss
oo
106

PR
PR
106
PR
Phase Out
Date

1981

1981
1981

1981

1981

1981

1981

1981


1981

1984
1981
IS 81

1981

1981
1981
1983
1981

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  II        HI Industries, Inc.    NJ             AC      1989

          * Pfizer                 PR             PR      1981

          * Sobering  Corp.         PR             PR      1981

          * Upjohns Hfg.  Co.        PR             PR      1981
SS = Sewage Sludge
106= Chemical wastes
PR = Chemical wastes
AC = Acid
*
**
    Ceased ocean dumping as of date indicated.
*** ^e"ewal Permit Denied; administrative/judicial review  underway,
*** Under court order.

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                                TABLE II
                        PERMIT ACTIVITY - CY 1980
Permittee
Bergen Co. Util.
 Auth.
Glen Cove
Joint Meeting
Linden Rose!!e/
 Rahway  Valley
Middlesex  Co.
 Sew.  Auth.
Middletown Twp.
 Sew.  Auth.
Nassau Co. DPW  (1)
NJ Municipalities
 New York City DEP
 Passaic Valley Sew.
  Comm.
 Westchester Co. DEF
 City of Philadelphia
 Allied  Chemical
   Corp.
 NL  Industries,  Inc.
 Moran Towing Corp,(2)
 American  Cyanamid
   Co.
Material Dumped
sewage sludge
sewage sludge
sewage sludge
sewage sludge

sewage  sludge
sewage  sludge
sewage  sludge
sewage  sludge
 sewage  sludge
 sewage  sludge
 sewage  sludge
 sewage sludge
 acid wastes
 acid wastes
 construction debris
 industrial  waste
Actual  Quant. Dumped
(thousand wet tons)
 273
   6
 416
 347

1227

   19

 465
   97
 3255
 654

  425
  125
   40

 1907
   89
   68

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 Con Edison             industrial  waste          2
                        (fly ash)
 Digestor Cleanout      sewage sludge            52
 DuPont - Edge Moor     acid waste               238
 DuPont - Grasselli      industrial  waste        237
 Modern Trans.  Co.       industrial  waste         23
 PCI  International       industrial  waste        361
 Corps  of Engineers(2)   wood incineration        5.6
 New York C1ty(2)        wood incineration        3.1
 Ocean  Burning(2)        wood incineration        0.8
 Weeks(2)                wood incineration        1.0
(1) Includes Long Beach/W.  Long Beach
(2) Quantities  in thousand  dry tons

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                                          TABLE  III
                TYPES  AND  AMOUNTS  OF  OCEAN DISPOSAL BY GEOGRAPHIC/COASTAL AREA
                TYPtJ,  mu  «nuu         ^^ THOUSW

                                          1973 -  1980
ATLANTICIA
Indus-
trial
Waste

Sewage
SIudge

Const.
Debris

Solid
Waste

Explo-
sives

Wood
 Incin.

 Incin.
 Chemi-
 cals
                             1976       19//      1978
                                        1784^2
4898


 974


0
0
 Indus-
 trial
 Waste

 Sewage
 SIudge

 Const.
 Debris

 Solid
 Waste

 Explo-
 sives

 Wood
  Incin.

  Incin.
  Chemi-
  cals
   11
5010


 770


0


0


   16


o
5040


 396


0


0


    6


o
                              5271
                    315
0
                   5134
           379
                             0
                                       5535
                              241
                             0
          o
                                        o
                                       o
 0


 0


 0


 0


 0


 0
0


0


0


0


0
  12.3
0


0


0


0


0


4.1
 0


 0


 0


 0


 0


 0
                                                   60
                     0


                     0


                     0


                     0


                     0
                                17.6
                                         0


                                         0


                                         0


                                         0


                                         0


                                         0
                                                            6442
                                                  107
                                                 0
                   oooo


                      9        15        18        45
                                                            o
                                                   .173      0
0


0


0


0


0


0
         1980
         2928



         7309


            89


          0


          0


          10.5


          0
                                                                                 0
0


0


0


0


0


 0

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PACIFIC(C)
1973 1974 1Q7S 	 "ToTl 	 1 n-r-r --
Indus-
trial
Waste
Sewage
SI udge
Const.
Debris
Solid
Waste
Explo-
sives
Wood
Incin.
Incin.
Chemi-
cals
TflTffl s: 	 'rtJ?
1 U 1 «L5 Ur
Indus-
trial
Waste
Sewage
Sludge
Const.
Debri s
Solid
Waste
Explo-
sives
Wood
Incin.
Incin.
Chemi-
cals
0

0
0
240
0
0
0

,B»
1973
5051

4898
974
240
0
11
0

— 	 — -• . *-,« j.^f\j ±y/ /
0 0 0 '13

oooo
o o o o
200 0 0 0
oooo
oooo
0 0 0 12.1

ANU C (IN ^PKOX. THOUSAND TONS)
1974 1975 1976 1977
4«JU 3442 2733 1844 "

5010 5040 5271 5134
770 396 315 379
200 0 0 0
oooo
16 6 9 15
12.3 4.1 0 29.7


1978 1979 198C
o o "0 —

000
0 0 0
0 998 0
00 0
000
0 0 0

1978 1979 1980


5535 6442 7309
241 107 89
0 998 0
000
18 45 10.5
0 0 0


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                             TABLE IV
           SUMMARY OF OCEAN DUMPING PERMITTEES/APPLICANTS
               DENIED OR PHASED OUT FROM 1973 TO 1980
                       I    II  HI IV  VI.
Action prior to April
  1973 phased out
During the
  of 1973
  withdrew
  phased out
  deni ed

During 1974
  withdrew
  phased out
  deni ed

During 1975
  withdrew
  phased out
  denied

During 1976
  withdrew
   phased  out
   denied

 During 1977
   withdrew
   phased out
   denied

 During 1978
   withdrew
   phased out
   denied

 During 1979
   withdrew
   phased out
   denied

 During 1980
   withdrew
   phased out
   denied

 Totals
remai nder
                                  REGION
                                 IX  X   Totals
                 44  -	44
4 -
1 _.

2 —
— 21 --
— 11
6 —
1 10 1
2 —
— 17 —
— 130 --
2 --
"l 16 -
1 —
— 31 —
1 -
4 ._
8 —
1 ._
1 8 1
.. — — — 4
- i - - 2
.. l - - 1
- ..1-3
1 -- — 22
-11 4
	 6
.. 2 — -- 14
_„ .. 2
II ._ — — 17
.. i — — 131
2
II "i - - 18
	 1
._ l — — 32
__ __ — — 1
	 	 4
8
.. -1-2
.. - 1 - 11
- -1—1
              3   310  3  —   9   5  —   332
                             11

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                              TABLE V
                  OCEAN DUMPING PERMITS PHASED OUT
                      BY REGION II DURING 1980
Permittee
Cedar Grove
Morri s
Totowa
Wanaque
Washington-Morris Co
West Paterson
Merck & Co. (Rahway)
Squibb Mfg.,  Inc.
Location

New Jersey
New Jersey
New Jersey
New Jersey
New Jersey
New Jersey
New Jersey
Puerto Rico
Date

February 1980
August 1980
July 1980
February 1980
January 1980
July 1980
December 1980
April 1980

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                    LONDON DUMPING CONVENTION

     The Convention on Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of
Wasteland Sther Matter (London Dumping Convention) was negotiated




the Convention.

     The Convention  is an international treaty requiring  the
Contracting  plrtes  (member nations)  to establish national  systems
to control9subrtances  leaving their shores  for the purpose  of  being
dumped at sea.

     Annex I of the  Convention contains  a  "black list" of substances
              or                                     f
        list are mercury and cadmium and their compounds,
        1111
 dumoinS  TteS suStaSces  include: heavy metals,  cyanides and
 "f ur ^s.wafte containers whichcoulc » I~*"L •""SJcSllS

         iu^^^^^
       " anS all dumping must be carried out with  full  consideration
       to a  if t of technical considerations contained  in Annex III.
 The Annexes are shown in the Appendix  to this report.

      The Convention provides that each party will  take Appropriate
 steos to ensure that the terms of the  Convention apply to  its





  ocean  pollution control  needs  stenmng from  ocean dumping.

       ft* thP  u S.  authority for  implementing  the international
  Convention.
                             13

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                     TABLE VI
CONTRACTING PARTIES TO THE LONDON DUMPING CONVENTION
                    Afghanistan
                     Argentina
                       Canada
                     Cape  Verde
                       Chile
                        Cuba
                      Denmark
                Dominican  Republic
            Federal  Republic of Germany
                      Finland
                       France
            German  Democratic  Republic
                     Guatemala
                       Haiti
                      Honduras
                      Hunga ry
                      Iceland
                      Japan
                      Jordan
                      Kenya
              Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
                      Mexico
                      Monaco
                     Morocco
                   Netherlands
                   New Zealand
                     Nigeria
                      Norway
                      Panama
                 Papua New Guinea
                   Philippines
                      Poland
                     Portugal
                  South Africa
                      Spain
                     Surinam
                      Sweden
                  Switzerland
                     Tunisia
                  Ukranian SSR
              United Arab  Emirates
                 United Kingdom
                 United States
                      USSR
                    Yugoslavia
                      Zaire
                Byelorussian SSR
                     14

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                      SITE DESIGNATIONS

    In 1980, EPA revised its ocean dumping regulations to extend

    ss-^srss^tss ssfflis rasra

sassrsa.-Si Aisas »H£
until the cofflDletion of site designation studies  and formal



^rer^^
Sure ThrtLi ntenance^redgi ng  of harbors and es sentla«t.
disposal into the oceans  could be continued until necessary site
designation studies were  completed.

     Two new sites were designated in 1980.  One site, located In
the San Nicolas  Basin on the Southern California Outer Continental
Ihelft  was designated for the disposal of snail amounts of *™tion
cuttings! waste  drilling mud and non-perishable solid  waste from
exploratory drilling wells on Tanner Bank. The other site, is
located in the Pacific Ocean 2.9 nautical  miles  offshore of Tutuila
Island, American Samoa, was designated for the disposal of fish
cannery wastes which can no longer be accommodated on land.

     EPA released four EIS's during the calendar year 1980.  These
FTS'S include the New York Bight Acid Waste Disposal Site  (Final),
Hawaii Dredged Material Disposal-Site  (Final); 106-Mile Ocean Waste
Disposal Site (Final-published in 1979);  and  the San Francisco
Channel Bar  Dredged Material Disposal Site (Draft only).
                            15

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                       INCINERATION AT SEA
 A+I  I'?6 rPA. comPleted * Draft EIS for the designation of a North
 Atlantic Incineration Site.  The  site will be uied  for ?he
 incineration of toxic organic wastes, principally organohaloaens
 generated in the Mid-Atlantic states.  The purpose  of the artion'-N
 to provide an  environmentally acceptable  area for the thlrmaf
 ReaulaHoL" "Vl WSteS,'olr comPliarice  ""h EPA Ocean Dump ng
 Regulations.  In January 1981, the EPA released  a draft
 Environmental  Impact Statement (EIS)  on this site  locate in th»
 North Atlantic 140 n m east of Delaware  Bay." ^Is sUels 2400 to
 2900 meters deep.   Until final  designation of the North Atlantic

                            "*- ln th     *
                                                     .
 at-sea incineration technology.  The  Work Group was directed tn
 examine alternatives available to the Federal government lladino tn
 •Mp? ''the »RenoorfUCt;°tnh 3?d °peratl0" of °"e " ™  ncf era or
    Ll
                                         of
uo i. Ihe- Sl9n1f1ca"t action items  in the report are-  (a) Ad Hoc
Boa'rd ^SBl"Jh?"ES? and redesignated th£ Intlrlgency Re iew
K JR n- fi^ r^^-^avsss^™^ S
state-of-the-art of incineration at sea; and (d) EPA, HARAD  and

anSefocafe^hag-?-feS.ar! to/"e'oP a program to encotr^e SU
and local authorities  in developing waterfront facilities and tn
promote construction of privately Led U.™ flag Jncfnera?o^ *°

                         16

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    to^
Alters aTd ?he  w1« waste feed rate to the incinerators i. 12.5

m^/hour.

     The N/T Vulcanus -raets  require .nt.*f
pemitting  wou Id  occ ur unde r
                                 Act.
 1977.


      cin^o that  time  the M/T Vulcanus has been operating out of
                                  17

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                     RADIOACTIVE WASTES
              EPA's Office of Radiation Programs presented
             rtSTSitJ"1 if rl"9" Concern^ witMpf ocean


                                                        r •
Notes of explanation to Table VII are shown on  page 23.
                       18

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                                                  ucaie otf AII sins
                                                                                          NEC, ore
                                                                                          IML, at
                                                                                          ttC
                                      J5 Bile*
                                      CR/CA ftarto-  *    8
                                                                                             OttC, ISC      H59-W82     BO
                                       350 m\\» I*
                                       Cape rutury  *   8, S
163       *«-W
                                       350 Bile* MM
                                       C*pe FUttory *   I. *
l»r IN
  ?.cifte
  {W*.}
 U)
                 1«3U
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  4U
                                                       1?

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  >tte
     *»/
     U*
A*
                                Cmtr*I
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Notes to Table  VII

               g and licensing the ocean dumping of radioactive

           d  1  dS ?tef undferna "particular Seeing  In this coU«
             K assrs-js rrsas
                         ^
 have  varied over wider distances.

 7  Annrnximatlons for land  references:  an  asterick means that  EPA
 has nl  P StlS "lJ .coordinates on nautical charts to confirm  the
 sStSd distance from land;  blanks mean we  haven't found the
 information yet.

 4  Three types of materials were dumped under AEC Hcenses or by AEC
 contractors:  by-product materials (B), Source materials (S), and
                materials (SNH).  By-product  mater. a s refer to a
     A=»« materials  include D!UI.UIMUHI» Ui «u • «"•—-'->  — --
  Z33 or 235  and aw rther Materials which the AEC  may have
  determined'to be special nuclear materials.

  5 Radioactivity is. given in estimate  curies at the time  of
  packaging.





  7        AEC          U.S. Atomic Energy  Commission
           /y^_          American Mail  Lines
           ARC          Atlantic Refining Company
           CMDC         Crossroads Marine Disposal Corpoartion
           CR           Chevron Research
           cue          U.S.  Fish and Wildlife  Service
            ISC          Isotope Specialty Company
            Mp           Magnolia  Petroleum
            MSTS        Military  Sea Transport  Service
            NFC          Nuclear  Engineering Company
            NTH          U.S.  National  Institute of Health
            NRDL        U.S.  Naval Radiological Defense Laboratory
                        Ocean Transport Company
                                  21

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           PN           Pneumodynamics
           SMO          Socony-Mobil  Oil
           US           University of Georgia
           UH           University of Hawaii

 8  There were some  AEC  approved  ocean dumping  sites for which  EPA
 has no records of dumping  activities.  They are as foil
           Pacific Ocean                         Atlantic Ocean

                                        Latitude     Longitude
               12540'W
    0'N        124^50'W                4133'N
3600'N        124°OQ'W                41°28-38'N
34°030 'N       122050 'W                         N
 39030'N       12540'W                 41°33'N
 37°40'N       124'                    °
                                        36^30 'N      74°13'W
                                        36«15'N      76°35'W
                                        34U15'N      76°35'W

         °n ?RC memo^andum of 8/14/80 additional  dumpinqs aDuear to

                                                               r
10  Under the terms of the AHL license AML was authorized

               °f Hs Sh1ppfn9 route
11  Report published by NOAA in April  1973 "Submersible Inspection
of Deep Ocean Waste Disposal Sites Off SoutherrCallfornlP
describes survey of Santa Cruz Basin.    uuuriern  (-anTOrnia
  See footnote number3 above.
                            22

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                            OSV ANTELOPE
     The OSV ANTELOPE is EPA's  ocean  survey  vessel,  working in
support of ocean dumping site investigations.   Under the MPR^A,  tFA
received responsibility for regulating  ocean dumping,  designating
and managing dumping sites, and assessing  the  consequences of ocean
dumping.

     The ANTELOPE was a Navy patrol gunboat prior to her conversion
to a scientific platform for EPA.   She  carries both  oyer^the-side
deck sampling gear and laboratory instruments for analysis on-site.

     The ANTELOPE'S work represents EPA's  first and  most
comprehensive effort to collect a broad base of ocean pollution data
fTr regulatory  programs.  EPA will use the data gathered by the
ANTELOPE to  prepare EIS's on the sites and to guide EPA s  future
management ofTem.  Figure I shows ocean disposal sites sampled in
1980.

     EPA's ocean  survey vessel ANTELOPE has completed her  second
season  surveying  ocean disposal sites off the U.S.

      In 1980, ANTELOPE traveled 23,104 miles to accomplish 16
surveys, totaling 23 separate  EISs.  The field survey program has
concentrated on those sites  receiving  large amounts  of  material  and
ttoS at which  dumping  has occurred  for many years.  These surveys
 also provide a  baseline for  future assessments of the environmental
 impacts of continued use of  these sites.
                                23

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24

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                          ENFORCEMENT
             Coast Guard has responsibility  for surveillance
             Ss
permit conditions.
commencing any dumping operations.
     Statistics on  ocean dumping surveinance

                                      K
 its  operations to interested parties.


 on a particular  surveillance mission.
      Of the total 602 missions conducted, 15 were *£°™**
 vesse I ^06 by  aircraft  and £81  * ^prider,^. SIS.7"
 Dillon °" in add  tion to the extensive  number of manhours these
 figures represent W.984 shiprider hours «ere requ,red.
       Violations are *^^($X$£tX "
  provided.  Pursuant to Section l"'J.c},2Tr™ ,Z3)  information
  regulations  P™"lt«  *««% d(4j  S ^ rop]ng  permit
  sssss
                                 s
                                            tnts,PHotos
  samps, message  traffic, and log  excerpts.
                                25

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                           EPA

26

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                              TABLE  VIII
                        ENFORCEMENT  ACTIONS
Region II

Order No.
Respondent's Name:
Referral From:
Type of Violation:
Complaint Issued:
Disposition:

Disposal Site:

Order No:
Respondent's  Name:
Referral From:
Type of Violation:
 Complaint  Issued:
Disposition:

 Disposal Site:

 Order No:
 Respondent's Name:
 Referral From:
 Type  of Violation:
 Complaint  Issued:
 Disposition:

 Disposal Site:

 Order No:
 Respondent's Name:
 Referral  From:
 Type of Violation:
  Complaint Issued:
  Disposition:

  Disposal  Site:

  Order No:
  Respondent's Name:
  Referral  From:
  TYpe of Violation:
  Complaint Issued:
  Disposition:
  Disposal  Site:
78-21
Squibb Mfg., Inc.
EPA
Permit condition, Compliance schedule
Ua i ved
Final Order-12/28/78; $12,000 penalty
payment.  Revision of schedule
Chemical wastes  P.R.

79-1
City  of  Asbury Park
EPA
Permit  condition,  Compliance schedule

 Final^der-11/08/79;  Cease dumping end
 of 1979
 Sewage Sludge

 79-2
 American Cyanamid
 EPA
 Permit condition, Compliance schedule

 Final^rder-12/21/79; $5,000 penalty  payment
 and  revision of schedule
 Chemical wastes

 80-2
 W.  New York
 EPA
 Permit condition, Compliance schedule

  Finlforder-6/24/80;  $10,000 penalty payment
  and cease dumping by 3/2/81
  Sewage sludge

  80-3
  DuPont-Edge Moor
  EPA
  Permit condition, Compliance schedule

  FinlfSder-12/19/80;  Revision  of schedule
  Chemical  wastes
                                   27

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Order No:              81-1
Respondent's Name:     Weeks Stevedore Co.
Referral From:         USCG
Type of Violation:     Burning in other than authorized site
Complaint Issued:      2/27/81
Disposition:           Pending
Disposal Site:         Wood incineration
                               28

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                APPENDIX
ANNEXES TO THE LONDON DUMPING CONVENTION
                  29

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               ANNEXES TO THE LONDON  DUMPING  CONVENTION

                               ANNEX  I

      1.   Organohalogen compounds,
      2.   Mercury and mercury compounds.
      3.   Cadmium and cadmium compounds.
      4.   Persistent plastics and other  persistent  synthetic
 materials; for example, netting and  ropes, which may  float or may
 remain in suspension in the sea in such  a manner as to  interfere
 materially with fishing, navigation  or other legitimate uses of the
 sea.
      5.   Crude oil and its wastes,  refined  petroleum products,
 petroleum distillate residues, and any mixtures containing any of
 these, taken on board for the purpose of dumping. I/
      6.   High-level radioactive wastes or other high-level
 radioactive matter, defined on public health, biological or other
 grounds, by the competent international  body in this field, at
 present the International  Atomic Energy Agency, as unsuitable for
 dumping at sea.
      7.   Materials in whatever form (e.g. solids, liquids,
 semi-liquids, gases or in  a living state) produced for bioloqical
 and chemical  warfare.
      8.   The preceding paragraphs of this Annex do not apply to
 substances which are rapidly rendered harmless by physical, chemical
 or biological  processes in the sea provided they do not:

           (i)  make edible marine  organisms unpalatable, or
           (11) endanger human  health  or  that  of domestic animals.

           The  Consu1tative procedure  provided for under Article XIV
 should  be followed  by  a Party  if there  is doubt about  the
 harmlessness  of  the substance.
      9.    This Annex does  not  apply to wastes or other materials
 (e.g. sewage  sludges and dredged spoils)  containing  the  matters
 referred  to in paragraphs  1-5  above as trace  contaminants.   Such
 wastes  shall  be  subject  to  the provisions of  Annexes II  and III as
 appropriate.
      10.   Paragraphs 1  and  5 of  this  Annex  do not  apply  to  the
 disposal  of wastes  or other matter referred to  in these  paragraphs
 by  means  of incineration at sea.   Incineration  of  such wastes or
 other matter at  sea  requires a prior  special  permit.   In the  issue
 of  special permits  for  incineration the Contracting  Parties  shall
 n?E y « ! Re9ulations for the Control of  Incineration  of Wastes  and
 Other Matter at Sea  set  forth in the  Addendum to this  Annex  (which
 shall constitute an  integral part of  this Annex) and take full
 account of the Technical Guidelines on the Control of  Incineration

 In  consultation  2/  MaUer at ^ adopted by  the Contracting  Parties


 i/ originally stated:  "Crude oil, fuel  oil,  heavy diesel oil,  and
 lubricating fluids,   hydraulic fluids,  and any mixtures containing
any of these,  taken   on board for the  purpose of dumping."
Amendments adopted by Contracting Parties September 1980; accepted
by the United  States

 27 Added by amendment  adopted  by Contracting Parties October 1978;
accepted by the United  States.

                               30

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                              ANNEX II

     The following substances and materials requiring special care
are listed for the purposes of Article VI(1)(a).          -,.„.».„,,
A.   Wastes containing significant amounts of the matters listed
     below:

          arsenic )
          lead    )      and their compounds
          copper  )
          zinc    )
          organosilicon
          cyanides
           fluorides                                   ...     T
           pesticides  and their by-products' not  covered  in  Annex  I.

B.    In the  issue of  permits  for  the  dumping  of large quantities of
      acids and  alkalis, consideration shall be  given to the possible
      presence in  such wastes  of the substances  listed in paragraph  A
      and  to  the following  additional  substances:

           beryllium  )
           chromium  )    and their compounds
           nickel     )
           vanadium  )

 C.   Containers, scrap  metal and other bulky wastes liable to sink
      to the sea bottom which may present a serious obstacle to
      fishing or navigation.

 D.   Radioactive wastes or other radioactive matter not Included in
      Annex I.  In the issue of permits  for the dumping  of  this
      matter, the Contracting Parties should take  full  account of
      the recommendations of the competent international body in
      this fleld! at  present the International  Atomic Energy Agency.

  F    Tn  the issue of special permits  for the incineration  of
      substancfs  and  materials listed  in this Annex, the Contracting
      Parties shall apply the Regulations  for the  Control  of
      Incineration of Wastes  and  Other Matter at Sea set forth  in
      the Addendum to Annex I and take  full "count  of  the Technical
      Guidelines  on the Control  of Incineration of Wastes and Other
      Matter at Sea adopted by Contracting Parties in consultation,
      to  the extent  specified  in  these Regulations and  Guidelines.^

  F.   Substances which, though a  non-toxic nature, may  become
      harmful  due to  the  quantities in which  they  are  dumped, or
      which  are liable  to seriously reduce amenities.4/


   3J See footnote 2.

   4/ Added by amendment.   See footnote  1.
                                  31

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                              ANNEX III

      Provisions to be considered in establishing criteria governing
 the issue of permits for the dumping of matter at sea,  taking into
 account Article IV(2), include:

 A.   Characteristics and composition of the matter
      1.   Total  amount and average composition of matter dumped
 (e.g. per year).
      2.   Form, e.g. solid, sludge, liquid, or gaseous.
      3.   Properties:  physical  (e.g.  solubility and  density),
 chemical  and biochemical  (e.g.  oxygen demand,  nutrients) and
 biological  (e.g.  presence of viruses, bacteria, yeasts,  parasites).
      4.   Toxicity.
      5.   Persistence: physical,  chemical  and  biological.
      6.   Accumulation and biotransformation in biological  materials
 or sediments.
      7.   Susceptibility to physical, chemical  and biochemical
 changes and  interaction  in the  aquatic environment with  other
 dissolved organic  and  inorganic  materials.
      8.   Probability  of production of taints  or other changes
 reducing  marketability of resources (fish,  shellfish, etc.).

 B.    Characteristics of  dumping  site  and method of deposit
      1.   Location (e.g.  co-ordinates of the dumping area,  depth  and
 distance  from the  cast),  location  in  relation  to  other areas  (e.g.
 amenity areas,  spawning,  nursery  and  fishing areas and exploitable
 resources).
      2.    Rate of  disposal  per specific period  (e.g. quantity per
 day,  per  week, per month).
      3.   Methods  of packaging and  containment,  if any.
      4.    Initial  dilution  achieved by  proposed method of release.
      5.   Dispersal  characteristics (e.g. effects of currents,  tides
 and wind  on  horizontal transport and  vertical mixing).
      6.   Water characteristics (e.g.  temperature, pH, salinity,
 stratification, oxygen indices of pollution—dissolved oxygen (DO).
 chemical  oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand
 (BOD)—nitrogen present in organic and mineral   form including
 ammonia,  suspended matter, other nutrients and  productivity).
     7.   Bottom characteristics (e.g. topography, geochemical  and
 geological characteristics and biological productivity),
     8.   Existence  and effects of other dumpings which have  been
made  in the dumping  area  (e.g. heavy metal  background reading and
organic carbon content).
     9.   In issuing a permit for dumping,  Contracting parties
should consider whether an adequate scientific  basis  exists for
assessing the consequences of such dumping, as  outlined  in this
Annex, taking into account seasonal variations.
                              32

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C.    General  consideration and  conditions
     1.   Possible effects on amenities  (e.g.  presence  of  floating
or stranded material, turbidity, objectionable odour, discolouration
and foaming).                              „,  ,    ,   .,,-,.
     2.   Possible effects on marine life,  fish and  shellfish
culture, fish stocks and fisheries,  seaweed harvesting  and culture.
     3.   Possible effects on other uses of the sea  (e.g.  impairment
of water quality for industrial  use, underwater corrosion  of
structures, interference with  ship operations  from floating
materials, interference with fishing or  navigation through deposit
of waste or solid objects on the sea floor and protection  of areas
of special importance for scientific or  conservation purposes).
     4.   The practical availability of  alternative  land-based
methods of treatment, disposal  or elimination, or of treatment to
render the matter less harmful  for dumping at sea.

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United States                         Official Business
tnvjronmenta! Protection               Penalty for Private Use
Agency                               $300
Washington DC 20460

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