Outdoor Water  Use
                                                   in  the  United  States
           An American family of four can use 400 gallons
           of water per day, and about 30 percent of that
           is devoted to outdoor uses. More than half of
     that outdoor water is used for watering lawns and
     gardens. Nationwide, landscape irrigation is estimat-
     ed to account for almost one-third of all residential
     water use, totaling more than 7 billion gallons per
     day. Other residential outdoor uses include washing
     automobiles, maintaining swimming pools, and
     cleaning sidewalks and driveways.

     Water use varies greatly depending on geographic
     location and season, largely as a result of differences
     in climate. Water withdrawals for irrigation and land-
     scaping are highest in the drier regions of the West
     and Southwest, where  population growth is often
     greatest.

     Some experts estimate that more than 50 percent of
     commercial and residential irrigation water use goes
     to waste due to evaporation, wind, improper system
     design, or overwatering. Following are some com-
     mon outdoor water inefficiencies, but there are sim-
     ple solutions to reduce water waste and produce
     great results:

     •  Many people water their lawns too often and for
        too long, oversaturating plants. It's usually not
        necessary to water grass every day. Instead, test
        your lawn by stepping on a patch of grass; if it
        springs back, it doesn't need water.
     •  Regular maintenance of an irrigation system can
        help ensure that water is distributed evenly on
        the lawn and does  not overspray onto paved
        areas. Look for a WaterSense8 irrigation partner
        to maintain and audit your system to keep it
        working efficiently.
     •  Weather-based irrigation controllers can reduce
        water use by 20 percent compared to conven-
                                  Outdoor Water Use: Landscaping
                                                     Wasted Landscape Water
                                                          50%
                                 Source: The Saving Water
                                 Partnership "Water Efficient Irrigation
                                 Study: Final Report."May 2003
                                   tional equipment, potentially saving nearly 24
                                   billion gallons per year across the United
                                   States—approximately equal to more than 7,000
                                   hoses running non-stop for a year.
                                •  Soil moisture sensors determine the amount of
                                   water in the ground available to plants. These
                                   sensors, when professionally installed and prop-
                                   erly maintained, can potentially save a house-
                                   hold more than 11,000 gallons of water used for
                                   irrigation annually.

                                WaterSense, a partnership program sponsored by
                                the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, seeks to
                                help homeowners and businesses improve water
                                efficiency and reduce their costs by promoting effi-
                                cient irrigation technologies such as weather-based
                                irrigation controllers and soil moisture sensors. For
                                more information, visit .
July 2007
(866) WTR-SENS (987-7367) • www.epa.gov/watersense • watersense@epa.gov
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