United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
&EPA FACTOIDS:
Drinking Water
and
Ground Water
Statistics for
2001
-------
Office of Ground Water and
Drinking Water (4606M)
EPA815-K-02-004
www. epa. gov/safewater
May 2002
-------
There are approximately 165,000 public drinking water systems in the United States. Each of these
systems regularly supplies drinking water to at least 25 people or 15 service connections. Beyond
their common purpose, the 165,000 systems vary widely. The following tables group water systems
into categories that show their similarities and differences. For example, the first table shows that
most people in the US (263 milion) get their water from a community water system. There are
approximately 54,000 community water systems, but just seven percent of those systems (3,782)
serve 81 percent of the people. The second table shows that more water systems have ground
water than surface water as a source-but more people drink from a surface water system. Other
tables break down these national numbers by state, territory, and EPA region.
This package also contains figures on the types and locations of underground injection control
wells. EPA and states regulate the placement and operation of these wells to ensure that they do
not threaten underground sources of drinking water.
The drinking water system statistics on the following pages are taken from the Safe Drinking Water
Information System/Federal version (SDWIS/Fed). SDWIS/Fed is the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency's official record of public drinking water systems, their violations of state and EPA
regulations, and enforcement actions taken by EPA or states as a result of those violations. EPA
maintains the database using information collected and submitted by the states. The underground
injection control program statistics are based on separate reporting from the states to EPA. For
more information and additional drinking water data tables, please visit
http://www.epa.gov/safewater/data/getdata.html.
Acronyms & Abbeviations:
CWS: Community Water System
FY: (federal) Fiscal Year [October 1-September 30]
M/R: Monitoring/Reporting violation [water system's failure to monitor for, or report to the state, the
level of a contaminant on the required schedule]
MCL: Maximum Contaminant Level [the legal limit on a contaminant in drinking water]
NTNCWS: Non-Transient Non-Community Water System
Other: Other violations of EPA rules (including failure to provide public notice of another violation, or
failure to prepare and/or distribute a Consumer Confidence Report)
Pop. Served: Population served (by a water system)
PWS: Public Water System
PWSS: Public Water System Supervision program
SDWIS/FED: Safe Drinking Water System/Federal version
TNCWS: Transient Non-Community Water System
TT: Treatment Technique [a drinking water treatment required by EPA or state rules]
-------
FY2001 Drinking Water Factoids
Public Water System Inventory data
Active, current systems, from Safe Drinking Water Information System/Federal version (SDWIS/FED) 01Q4 frozen inventory table
System size
by population served
Very Small
500 or less
Small
501-3,300
Medium
3,301-10,000
Large
10,001-100,000
Very Large
>100,000
Total
cws
NTNCWS
TNCWS
# systems
Pop. served
% of systems
% of pop
# systems
Pop. served
% of systems
% of pop
# systems
Pop. served
% of systems
% of pop
31,262 14,241 4,498 3,432 350
5,094,790 20,096,911 26,092,461 96,516,416 116,344,551
58% 26% 8% 6% 1%
2% 8% 10% 37% 44%
17,133 2,847 93 19 3
2,386,179 2,814,630 459,388 545,943 380,046
85% 14% 0% 0% 0%
36% 43% 7% 8% 6%
88,729 2,691 121 49 3
7,471,798 2,702,365 667,436 1,242,141 735,001
97% 3% 0% 0% 0%
58% 21% 5% 10% 6%
53,783
264,145,129
100%
100%
20,095
6,586,186
100%
100%
91 ,593
12,818,741
100%
100%
Total # systems
137,124
19,779
4,712
3,500
356
165,471
CWS = Community Water System: A public water system that supplies water to the same population year-round.
NTNCWS = Non-Transient Non-Community Water System: A public water system that regularly supplies water to at least 25 of the
same people at least six months per year, but not year-round. Some examples are schools, factories, office buildings, and hospitals
which have their own water systems.
TNCWS = Transient Non-Community Water System: A public water system that provides water in a place such as a gas station or
campground where people do not remain for long periods of time.
Water source
Type
Ground Water Surface Water
Totals
CWS
NTNCWS
TNCWS
# systems
Pop. served
% of systems
% of pop
# systems
Pop. served
% of systems
% of pop
# systems
Pop. served
% of systems
% of pop
42,212 11,571
85,743,562 178,401,567
78% 22%
32% 68%
19,205 890
5,717,258 868,928
96% 4%
87% 13%
89,322 2,271
1 1 ,881 ,965 936,776
98% 2%
93% 7%
53,783
264,145,129
100%
100%
20,095
6,586,186
100%
100%
91 ,593
12,818,741
100%
100%
Total # systems
150,739
103,342,785
14,732
180,207,271
165,471
Ground water systems = ground water (GW), purchased ground water (GWP)
Surface water systems = surface water (SW), purchased surface water (SWP),
ground water under the direct influence of surface water (GU),
purchased ground water under the direct influence of surface water (GUP).
SDWIS/FED 01Q4 tables are "frozen" in early January 2002
Note: CA and NY inventory data from OOQ4 frozen tables, due to FY2001 reporting problems
-------
FY2001 water system data-by State
Key:
Active, current systems, from SDWIS/FED 01Q4 frozen inventory table
Health-based (Treatment Technique & Maximum Contaminant Level) violations, from 01Q4 frozen violations table
CWS NTNCWS
TNCWS
Total
Ground
Surface
CWSs w/ reported
health-based violations
AK
AL
AR
AZ
CA (FY2000)
CO
CT
DC
DE
FL
GA
HI
IA
ID
IL
IN
KS
KY
LA
MA
MD
ME
Ml
MN
MO
MS
440 199 935
462,071 43,489 95,644
570 34 84
4,995,652 21,410 7,834
732 120 292
2,413,170 13,357 16,902
793 209 669
4,495,684 138,388 141,223
3,283 1 ,290 3,573
34,084,987 584,333 1,111,711
825 162 1,086
3,985,238 54,292 226,232
596 650 2,170
2,703,462 131,626 72,487
2
595,000
240 93 213
816,195 26,098 50,667
2,001 1 ,076 3,548
16,192,564 276,178 298,745
1,668 263 607
6,820,177 74,998 93,465
117 9 4
1 ,307,070 5,385 1 ,400
1,151 160 656
2,484,734 45,545 85,049
743 261 1 ,063
907,203 51,609 122,221
1,800 437 3,478
11,022,700 159,136 384,485
874 670 2,701
4,397,355 205,908 382,602
918 30 122
2,426,588 11,995 14,173
452 71 164
4,372,744 27,458 11,536
1,152 199 348
4,790,253 80,583 97,903
516 232 912
9,290,658 66,328 148,394
504 565 2,736
4,427,904 161,141 159,333
397 373 1 ,244
613,365 71,926 200,314
1,481 1,783 9,008
7,189,749 497,481 1,167,322
957 628 6,618
3,886,106 100,638 413,041
1,439 235 1,027
4,715,214 79,873 149,546
1,211 104 131
2,909,607 84,720 25,421
1,574
601 ,204
688
5,024,896
1,144
2,443,429
1,671
4,775,295
8,146
35,781,031
2,073
4,265,762
3,416
2,907,575
2
595,000
546
892,960
6,625
16,767,487
2,538
6,988,640
130
1,313,855
1,967
2,615,328
2,067
1 ,081 ,033
5,715
11,566,321
4,245
4,985,865
1,070
2,452,756
687
4,41 1 ,738
1,699
4,968,739
1,660
9,505,380
3,805
4,748,378
2,014
885,605
12,272
8,854,552
8,203
4,399,785
2,701
4,944,633
1,446
3,019,748
1 ,336 238
293,188 308,016
439 249
1,454,495 3,570,401
739 405
915,689 1,527,740
1 ,428 243
1,365,199 3,410,096
7,030 1,116
9,386,226 26,394,805
1 ,603 470
531 ,385 3,734,377
3,345 71
514,347 2,393,228
2
595,000
541 5
426,330 466,630
6,561 64
14,466,011 2,301,476
2,335 203
1 ,639,668 5,348,972
114 16
1,191,020 122,835
1,810 157
1,471,780 1,143,548
1 ,987 80
826,649 254,384
5,018 697
3,241,206 8,325,115
4,107 138
2,719,419 2,266,446
740 330
774,467 1 ,678,289
308 379
372,865 4,038,873
1 ,633 66
3,004,802 1 ,963,937
1,485 175
2,403,378 7,102,002
3,714 91
845,575 3,902,803
1 ,931 83
455,01 7 430,588
11,963 309
3,354,489 5,500,063
8,088 115
2,985,171 1,414,614
2,454 247
1,796,583 3,148,050
1 ,441 5
2,712,524 307,224
67 15%
40,169 9%
20 4%
146,223 3%
84 11%
130,015 5%
78 10%
461,996 10%
177 5%
545,799 2%
50 6%
396,514 10%
56 9%
51 ,265 2%
0%
0%
25 10%
65,828 8%
93 5%
754,812 5%
76 5%
129,489 2%
7 6%
116,678 9%
66 6%
44,971 2%
55 7%
28,336 3%
212 12%
862,348 8%
111 13%
219,511 5%
58 6%
136,397 6%
28 6%
324,454 7%
95 8%
307,909 6%
112 22%
4,974,755 54%
14 3%
4,383 0%
70 18%
68,633 1 1 %
96 6%
172,604 2%
36 4%
32,595 1%
216 15%
203,255 4%
72 6%
267,433 9%
-------
FY2001 water system data--by State, cont.
Active, current systems, from SDWIS/FED 01Q4 frozen inventory table
Health-based (Treatment Technique & Maximum Contaminant Level) violations, from 01Q4 frozen violations table
Key:
CWS NTNCWS
TNCWS
Total
Ground
Surface
CWSs w/ reported
health-based violations
MT
NC
ND
NE
NH
NJ
NM
NV
NY (FY2000)
OH
OK
OR
PA
Rl
SC
SD
TN
TX
UT
VA
VT
WA
Wl
WV
WY
651 224 1,157
656,148 48,345 167,908
2,415 642 4,617
6,015,942 184,923 410,995
319 28 190
549,255 3,808 16,312
614 176 520
1,412,644 42,439 66,339
676 457 1 ,033
781,734 93,298 212,608
605 908 2,653
7,782,929 257,654 359,620
616 148 482
1,539,413 37,473 183,257
261 105 246
1,900,819 34,486 24,948
2,868 761 7,001
17,690,198 358,726 856,655
1,322 1,052 3,295
9,765,684 265,434 510,700
1,166 116 434
3,431,133 18,042 41,808
885 332 1 ,477
2,764,273 73,792 226,815
2,184 1,267 6,809
10,415,799 510,750 850,792
83 70 323
949,400 24,725 54,351
680 217 581
3,349,248 72,244 55,485
473 35 206
642,119 4,550 33,883
649 57 466
5,214,535 30,086 54,418
4,574 847 1,418
20,855,532 333,097 289,328
390 60 440
2,396,260 45,530 78,952
1,335 597 1,789
6,617,254 377,218 913,618
439 220 698
501,722 39,741 715,448
2,295 312 1,586
5,141,914 261,334 287,597
1,125 982 9,499
3,676,667 202,249 712,585
562 185 599
1,395,398 53,419 41,659
270 88 384
432,764 18,576 74,661
2,032
872,401
7,674
6,61 1 ,860
537
569,375
1,310
1,521,422
2,166
1 ,087,640
4,166
8,400,203
1,246
1,760,143
612
1 ,960,253
10,630
18,905,579
5,669
10,541,818
1,716
3,490,983
2,694
3,064,880
10,260
11,777,341
476
1,028,476
1,478
3,476,977
714
680,552
1,172
5,299,039
6,839
21,477,957
890
2,520,742
3,721
7,908,090
1,357
1,256,911
4,193
5,690,845
11,606
4,591 ,501
1,346
1 ,490,476
742
526,001
1,812 220
478,051 394,350
7,075 599
1,986,527 4,625,333
449 88
218,099 351,276
1 ,271 39
747,600 773,822
2,109 57
564,300 523,340
4,067 99
3,117,908 5,282,295
1 ,206 40
1,538,612 221,531
580 32
258,632 1,701,621
9,554 1,076
5,488,212 13,417,367
4,982 687
2,940,966 7,600,852
998 718
714,767 2,776,216
2,404 290
833,160 2,231,720
9,702 558
2,890,211 8,887,130
451 25
205,466 823,010
1 ,253 225
742,849 2,734,128
580 134
290,421 390,131
616 556
1,428,673 3,870,366
5,673 1,166
7,219,006 14,258,951
866 24
2,498,499 22,243
3,331 390
1,631,436 6,276,654
1,225 132
757,713 499,198
3,912 281
2,742,924 2,947,921
1 1 ,560 46
2,920,892 1,670,609
962 384
317,366 1,173,110
626 116
184,484 341,517
37 6%
27,951 4%
199 8%
226,262 4%
35 11%
21 ,396 4%
197 32%
754,450 53%
69 10%
94,370 12%
34 6%
974,402 13%
48 8%
1 1 1 ,697 7%
7 3%
9,031 0%
105 4%
2,159,270 12%
104 8%
1,165,454 12%
57 5%
249,066 7%
151 17%
200,328 7%
100 5%
318,090 3%
1 1%
120 0%
83 12%
423,276 13%
42 9%
10,203 2%
27 4%
158,635 3%
161 4%
524,326 3%
40 10%
25,682 1%
222 17%
127,370 2%
51 12%
34,844 7%
287 13%
1 ,320,095 26%
114 10%
566,356 15%
25 4%
71 ,663 5%
19 7%
10,481 2%
52,319 19,739 91,292 163,350 149,414 13,936 4,189
258,184,234 6,405,834 12,718,392 101,864,257 175,444,203 20,071,190
-------
FY2001 water system data-Tribal systems
Active, current systems, from SDWIS/FED 01Q4 frozen inventory table
Health-based (Treatment Technique & Maximum Contaminant Level) violations, from 01Q4 frozen violations table
Key:
Region
01
02
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
CWS NTNCWS
TNCWS
Total
Ground
Surface
CWSs w/ reported
health-based violations
1 2 3
120 60 670
4 1
2,929 300
14 3 23
16,119 1,225 3,360
78 36 9
79,968 24,191 674
43 19 10
56,434 6,858 683
9 4
6,173 525
110 7
68,377 4,406
406 21 71
222,190 10,557 65,184
80 12 4
38,527 5,849 1 ,730
6
850
5
3,229
40
20,704
123
104,833
72
63,975
13
6,698
117
72,783
498
297,931
96
46,106
6
850
4 1
1,229 2,000
37 3
16,183 4,521
121 2
104,344 489
70 2
60,945 3,030
12 1
6,200 498
101 16
52,221 20,562
462 36
259,853 38,078
89 7
36,331 9,775
0%
0%
0%
0%
1 7%
2,015 13%
3 4%
585 1%
14 33%
26,196 46%
1 11%
498 8%
9 8%
1 ,679 2%
5 1%
1,485 1%
6 8%
1 ,045 3%
745 100 125 970 902 68 39
490,837 53,146 73,126 538,156 78,953 33,503
FY2001 water system data-Commonwealths and Territories
Active, current systems, from SDWIS/FED 01Q4 frozen inventory table
Health-based (Treatment Technique & Maximum Contaminant Level) violations, from 01Q4 frozen violations table
Key:
Amer.
Samoa
Guam
N. Marianas
Islands
Puerto Rico
Palau
Virgin
Islands
CWS NTNCWS
TNCWS
Total
Ground
Surface
CWSs w/ reported
health-based violations
22
52,458
10 2
109,070 770
80 35 15
103,435 9,751 1,754
453 48 5
5,094,014 41,742 1,865
16 2
12,060 1,163
138 169 156
99,021 73,780 23,604
22
52,458
12
109,840
130
114,940
506
5,137,621
18
13,223
463
196,405
12 10
49,618 2,840
8 4
20,990 88,850
127 3
51 ,389 63,551
270 236
813,402 4,324,219
2 16
400 12,823
4 459
4,573 191,832
18 82%
52,325 100%
0%
0%
0%
0%
334 74%
4,058,261 80%
0%
0%
3 2%
2,200 2%
719
5,470,058
256
127,206
176
27,223
1,151
423
940,372
728
4,684,115
355
4,112,786
-------
Government Performance and Results Act--PWSS measure
GPRA requires agencies to develop plans for what they intend to accomplish, measure how well they are
doing, make appropriate decisions based on the information they have gathered, and communicate
information about their performance to Congress and to the public.
EPA's goal is that by 2005, the population served by community water systems providing drinking
water that meets all existing health-based standards will increase to 95% from a baseline of 83% in
1994.
Nationally
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1996
1995
1994
1993
91%
91%
91%
89%
87%
86%
84%
83%
79%
By region
1 2
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1996
1995
1994
1993
65%
62%
75%
64%
62%
60%
57%
57%
60%
77%
76%
61%
60%
55%
53%
52%
55%
56%
CT NJ
ME NY
MA PR
NH VI
Rl
VT
3
98%
97%
98%
97%
97%
92%
91%
87%
85%
DE
DC
MD
PA
VA
WV
4
95%
95%
95%
95%
93%
93%
92%
90%
90%
AL
FL
GA
KY
MS
NC
SC
TN
5
92%
95%
95%
95%
92%
92%
92%
88%
77%
IL
IN
Ml
MN
OH
Wl
6
96%
96%
95%
95%
93%
94%
88%
87%
92%
AR
LA
NM
OK
TX
7
90%
95%
95%
94%
95%
95%
95%
94%
93%
IA
KS
MO
NE
8
94%
94%
94%
93%
91%
92%
90%
91%
92%
CO
MT
ND
SD
UT
WY
9
97%
94%
97%
95%
95%
91%
88%
90%
69%
AZ
CA
HI
NV
AS
GU
MP
PW
10
83%
83%
94%
89%
75%
74%
75%
87%
85%
AK
ID
OR
WA
Health-based violations include Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) and Treatment Technique (TT) violations.
Population data are based on active, current water systems
For FY2001, population and violation data are from SDWIS/FED 01Q4 frozen tables. CA population data from OOQ4 frozen tables
For FY2000, population and violation data are from SDWIS/FED OOQ4 frozen tables.
For FY1999, population and violation data are from SDWIS/FED 99Q4 frozen tables.
For FY1998, population and violation data are from SDWIS/FED 98Q4 frozen tables.
For FY1997 and earlier, population and violation data are from SDWIS/FED 98Q1 frozen tables.
-------
CWS violations reported
byFY
FY2001 data from SDWIS/FED 01Q4 frozen tables, except for Chem
FY2000 data from SDWIS/FED OOQ4 frozen tables, except for Chem
FY1999 data from SDWIS/FED 99Q4 frozen tables, except for Chem
FY1998 data from SDWIS/FED 98Q4 frozen tables, except for Chem
FY1997 and earlier data from SDWIS 98Q1 frozen tables
Number of violations
M/Rs which are from 02Q1
M/Rs which are from 01Q1
M/Rs which are from OOQ1
M/Rs which are from 99Q1
FY MCL
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1996
5,231
4,754
5,497
6,315
5,785
7,351
TT
2,493
3,053
2,202
2,503
2,707
3,022
M/R
63,476
51,912
56,307
52,998
63,432
118,577
Other*
1 1 ,455
10,634
1,025
1,614
1,473
1,138
Total
82,655
70,353
65,031
63,430
73,397
130,088
Number of systems in violation
Population affected
FY MCL
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1996
3,241
3,161
3,298
3,733
3,710
4,391
TT
1,572
1,682
1,046
1,095
1,094
1,310
M/R
13,639
13,736
9,259
9,853
10,809
12,870
Other*
8,631
8,937
618
893
861
731
Total
20,996
21,308
1 1 ,946
12,868
13,864
16,229
FY MCL
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1996
11,165,733
11,947,655
11,078,268
10,384,541
13,843,906
16,039,066
TT
15,474,893
15,394,154
15,854,547
18,483,671
22,056,053
22,678,716
M/R
52,618,908
34,186,550
19,829,544
28,227,720
27,179,042
32,526,904
Other*
25,780,359
13,881,076
2,528,920
2,366,440
3,879,561
4,670,817
Total
77,845,089
62,921,077
38,124,231
48,858,948
58,038,069
63,680,826
by system size
Number of violations
MCL
M/R
Very small
Small
Medium
Large
Very large
Number of systems in violation
MCL TT
M/R
Very small
Small
Medium
Large
Very large
Population affected
MCL
M/R
Very small
Small
Medium
Large
Very large
Other
Other
Other
Total
3,329
1,231
370
290
11
1,284
671
221
272
45
47,566
9,198
3,174
3,008
530
8,048
2,315
631
425
36
60,227
13,415
4,396
3,995
622
Total
1,998
762
272
202
7
864
420
125
140
23
9,504
2,675
804
587
69
5,833
1,898
522
347
31
14,049
4,516
1,338
997
96
Total
320,016
1,035,933
1,665,707
4,663,521
3,480,556
151,139
587,706
756,098
4,370,720
9,609,230
1,375,870
3,681,141
4,687,179
16,024,490
26,850,228
867,947
2,644,237
2,966,330
9,267,074
10,034,771
2,106,435
6,230,822
7,858,999
26,958,759
34,690,074
* Jump in FY2000 due to new violations for failing to issue, or issuing an insufficient, Consumer Confidence report
** Totals for the number of systems in violation, and for population affected, should be lower than the sum in each row.
This is because some systems will have incurred more than one type of violation.
-------
NTNCWS violations reported
FY2001 data from SDWIS/FED 01Q4 frozen tables, except for Ch;
FY2000 data from SDWIS/FED OOQ4 frozen tables, except for Ch;
FY1999 data from SDWIS/FED 99Q4 frozen tables, except for Ch;
FY1998 data from SOWS/FED 98Q4 frozen tables, except for Ch;
FY1997 and earlier data from SOWS/FED 98Q1 frozen tables
Number of violations
:m M/Rs, which are from 02Q1
im M/Rs, which are from 01Q1
:m M/Rs which are from OOQ1
im M/Rs which are from 99Q1
FY MCL
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1996
1,258
1,243
1,369
1,324
1,389
1,829
TT
696
834
272
179
227
437
M/R
32,847
23,138
27,487
26,612
27,913
54,147
Other
305
210
145
256
156
198
Total
35,106
25,425
29,273
28,371
29,685
56,611
Number of systems in violation
Population affected
FY MCL
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1996
921
925
995
959
1,023
1,317
TT
515
580
190
109
107
252
M/R
5,368
5,513
3,852
4,067
4,772
6,233
Other
213
169
101
164
108
138
Total
6,241
6,445
4,650
4,810
5,531
7,132
FY MCL
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1996
359,556
276,758
373,845
244,960
285,722
455,990
TT
222,120
216,701
56,710
26,063
34,087
93,866
M/R
1,616,708
1,759,909
883,464
1,108,715
1,311,222
1,592,965
Other
82,910
37,941
36,223
55,336
39,417
35,782
Total
2,012,850
2,075,184
1,229,143
1,306,710
1,560,659
1,892,307
TNCWS violations reported
Number of violations
FY MCL TT
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
M/R
1996
Number of systems in violation
FY MCL TT
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1996
M/R
Population affected
FY MCL
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1996
TT
M/R
Other
Other
Other
Total
4,596
4,408
4,967
5,224
5,382
5,935
677
309
223
287
390
588
38,794
35,328
36,651
28,988
33,851
57,284
1,467
915
740
2,157
1,795
1,814
45,534
40,960
42,581
36,656
41,418
65,621
Total
3,687
3,632
3,862
3,798
4,041
4,521
256
177
139
94
134
169
19,623
17,725
19,658
16,006
17,485
25,611
826
656
494
1,113
971
1,067
22,358
20,325
22,185
18,773
20,505
28,516
Total
558,780
506,759
566,066
477,911
537,539
550,463
46,987
44,406
39,547
58,575
64,156
51,969
2,385,309
2,568,632
2,220,821
2,071,470
2,205,834
3,255,986
118,847
78,759
62,786
138,161
122,530
110,644
2,792,810
2,979,498
2,628,376
2,423,132
2,622,932
3,581,030
* Totals for the number of systems in violation, and for population affected, should be lower than the sum in each row.
This is because some systems will have incurred more than one type of violation.
-------
FY2001 MCL and TT violations reported
From SDWIS/FED 01Q4 frozen violations table
Very small
25-500
Small
501-3,300
Medium
3,301-10,000
Large
10,001-100,000
Key:
# violations
# systems
Pop. affected
Very Large
>100,000 Total
Applies to all water systems
TCR/T
8,007
5,813
639,508
1,218
828
1,066,188
301
237
1 ,467,969
215
163
3,656,741
7
5
2,291,543
9,748
7,046
9,121,949
Organics:
Applies to CWS and NTNCWS
TTHM (VOC)
Other VOC
SOC
6
3
95
44
30
4,019
5
5
1,192
3
2
4,822
14
9
12,916
3
3
3,370
9
3
17,696
6
4
23,827
23
12
254,584
8
8
226,694
2
1
212,000
3
1
180,000
41
20
277,197
74
52
479,456
11
9
184,562
Inorganics:
Applies to CWS and NTNCWS
Nitrates
Other IOC
395
287
33,962
178
122
21,515
93
52
64,929
29
25
28,423
20
13
73,534
14
9
47,785
8
5
1 44,747
3
3
36,918
1
1
897,213
517
358
1,214,385
224
159
134,641
Applies to CWS
Radionuclides
217
125
24,600
153
76
1 04,992
35
21
128,723
39
22
529,851
444
244
788,166
Applies to surface water systems
SWTR
1,315
599
98,572
456
235
327,732
164
81
498,251
196
93
3,042,414
32
14
7,480,313
2,163
1,022
1 1 ,447,282
Applies to CWS and NTNCWS
Lead & Copper
1,180
932
141,885
359
294
367,046
65
51
292,177
79
65
1 ,965,939
13
13
4,307,163
1,696
1,355
7,074,210
Acronyms:
TTHM (VOC) = Total Trihalomethanes
Other VOC = Regulated volatile organic contaminants (e.g., Benzene) other than TTHMs
SOC = Synthetic organic chemicals (e.g., Atrazine)
Other IOC = Regulated inorganic contaminants (e.g., arsenic) other than Copper, Lead, Nitrate, and Nitrite
SWTR = Surface Water Treatment Rule
TCR/T = Total Coliform Rule/
-------
FY2001 Monitoring/Reporting violations reported
From SDWIS/FED 01Q4 frozen violations table (except for Chem M/Rs)
Chem M/R data are from SDWIS/FED 02Q1 frozen violations table, frozen in April
Very small Small Medium
25-500 501-3,300 3,301-10,000
Applies to all water systems
TCR/T
32,138 2,755
1 9,427 1 ,873
1,935,315 2,400,758
448
349
2,057,295
Large
10,001-100,000
265
209
5,667,167
Key:
Very Large
>100,000
32
22
9,243,622
# violations
# systems
Pop. affected
Total
35,638
21 ,880
21,304,157
Organics:
Applies to CWS and NTNCWS
TTHM (VOC)
Other VOC
SOC
6
6
852
23,203
1,235
168,984
1 7,408
879
120,696
5
5
6,975
3,787
231
258,375
2,122
173
202,636
6
5
41,286
1,021
64
376,198
648
52
322,772
92
60
1,602,117
1,101
60
1 ,586,381
582
50
1 ,356,286
5
4
882,418
209
11
3,588,770
118
8
4,487,908
114
80
2,533,648
29,321
1,601
5,978,708
20,878
1,162
6,490,298
Inorganics:
Applies to CWS and NTNCWS
Nitrates
Other IOC
1 7,408
12,850
1,172,760
8,159
1,053
142,024
1,052
731
865,410
1,319
199
260,688
208
118
664,040
322
51
295,464
165
77
2,257,023
142
30
959,849
36
10
3,481 ,048
24
5
1 ,224,048
18,869
13,786
8,440,281
9,966
1,338
2,882,073
Applies to CWS
Radionuclides
265
185
28,493
42
30
42,947
8
6
36,339
8
8
196,930
323
229
304,709
Applies to surface water systems
SWTR
2,376
566
96,505
657
277
409,195
215
124
710,983
203
114
3,463,115
49
24
9,689,602
3,500
1,105
14,369,400
Applies to CWS and NTNCWS
Lead & Copper
9,705
7,226
952,348
1,532
1,175
1 ,402,084
331
271
1 ,545,764
211
156
4,013,445
13
11
3,106,719
1 1 ,792
8,839
1 1 ,020,360
Acronyms:
TTHM (VOC) = Total Trihalomethanes
Other VOC = Regulated volatile organic contaminants (e.g., Benzene) other than TTHMs
SOC = Synthetic organic chemicals (e.g., Atrazine)
Other IOC = Regulated inorganic contaminants (e.g., arsenic) other than Copper, Lead, Nitrate, and Nitrite
SWTR = Surface Water Treatment Rule
TCR/T = Total Coliform Rule/
-------
Underground Injection Control program-inventory of wells
Types of wells:
Class I
Class II
Class III
Class IV
Class V
Deep industrial waste disposal
For oil and natural gas production
Related to mineral recovery
Banned, inject hazardous or radioactive waste above USDWs
Generally shallow disposal wells. There are an estimated 650,000 Class V wells nationally
Class I through IV data from annual reporting by states and EPA Regions
The Class V estimate is based on state estimates and modeling of storm water and large capacity septics
Class 1
hazardous
waste wells
Class 1 non-
hazardous
waste wells
Class III
_ facilities (which _, ..
Class II wells \ . Class II
may contain
multiple wells)
Class IV
II wells facilities (which
may contain
multiple wells)
AK
AL
AR
AZ
CA
CO
FL
IA
IL
IN
KS
KY
LA
Ml
MO
MS
MT
ND
NE
NM
NV
NY
OH
OK
OR
PA
SD
TN
TX
UT
VA
WA
VW
WY
EPA R2 tribal
EPA R6 tribal
EPA R8 tribal
EPA R9 tribal
: 6.
7 6; " " '"" "ioV"'"
e;
5;
1, 136r
""3- ' " 1,
•••••• 4;~ • •••-•-•-7 •
6. 44
1. "
M 28
9, 15.:
..... ^ ... . ....... ^
2,
....... . .. ^
, .A
"'' ' "'"" " ""'iV
10, 2
' • ' 11*
" '•' ' " 10,
60 46;
'"3
23.
1,
925
347.
1,078
24,955.
787
64
1,
' 8,949^
1,340:
16,371;
3,429
3,824"
1,459;
211';
881 •
897*;"
377:
704
5,577i
12
503;
2,890 :
1 1 ,448 .
2
1,897:'
63;
14,
51,998.
255;
252.
1
700.
4,666
12;
2,674i
723;
542,
1;
3-
1
2,
... 5"
15"
3;
1:
" 197
6 '
3
1
V
86
1
1;"
3
12"
3
15;
73
35"
157;
67
22;
1,879
104
126.
47. '
1
10
5,789
4
3:
'" ' 3l'i
'8,211 7
i
2
1
1
122
364
146,878
164
16,577
------- |